curcumin

Research Excerpts

Overview

Curcumin is a natural substance known for ages, exhibiting a multidirectional effect in cancer prevention and adjuvant cancer therapies. Curcumin (CCM) is a well-known active component, which has been studied extensively in food and medicine field since it showed various activities.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Curcumin is a nontoxic phenolic compound that modulates the activity of several cellular targets that have been linked with cancers and other chronic diseases. "	( Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of long-chain alkoxylated mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin. Cai, Y; Chen, G; Feng, J; Fu, L; Hui, J; Ji, J; Liang, G; Shi, D; Song, J; Weng, Q, 2015)	2.08
"Curcumin is a unique blend of pharmacophores responsible for the pleiotropy of this natural pigment. "	( Triazole-curcuminoids: A new class of derivatives for 'tuning' curcumin bioactivities? Caprioglio, D; Condorelli, F; Ferrari, M; Genazzani, AA; Grolla, AA; Minassi, A; Torretta, S; Travelli, C, 2016)	2.29
"Curcumin (1) is a secondary metabolite isolated from the turmeric of Curcuma longa L.."	( A novel curcumin derivative which inhibits P-glycoprotein, arrests cell cycle and induces apoptosis in multidrug resistance cells. Correia-da-Silva, M; Lima, RT; Lopes-Rodrigues, V; Oliveira, A; Pinto, M; Sousa, E; Vasconcelos, MH, 2017)	1.61
"Curcumin is a constituent (up to ∼5%) of the traditional medicine known as turmeric. "	( The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Curcumin. Bisson, J; Dahlin, JL; Graham, J; Nelson, KM; Pauli, GF; Walters, MA, 2017)	2.17
"Curcumin is a well-known pharmacophore and some of its derivatives are shown to target 20S proteasome recently. "	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of curcumin derivatives modified with α-amino boronic acid as proteasome inhibitors. Bai, H; Cui, J; Ge, Z; Han, L; Li, R; Wang, X; Xu, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, W, 2018)	2.19
"Curcumin is a pharmacologically active polyphenol derived from the popular spice element-Turmeric. "	( Developments in the anticancer activity of structurally modified curcumin: An up-to-date review. Anil Kumar, NV; Rodrigues, FC; Thakur, G, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin is a natural substance known for ages, exhibiting a multidirectional effect in cancer prevention and adjuvant cancer therapies. "	( Curcumin as tyrosine kinase inhibitor in cancer treatment. Golonko, A; Jasińska, UT; Lewandowska, H; Lewandowski, W; Priebe, W; Świsłocka, R, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a small organic molecule with pleiotropic biological activities. "	( Insights on the synthesis of asymmetric curcumin derivatives and their biological activities. Khor, PY; Lam, KW; Mohd Aluwi, MFF; Rullah, K, 2019)	2.22
"Curcumin (CCM) is a well-known active component, which has been studied extensively in food and medicine field since it showed various activities. "	( Preparation, characterization, antioxidant evaluation of new curcumin derivatives and effects of forming HSA-bound nanoparticles on the stability and activity. Gao, F; Guo, N; Hao, T; Wang, K; Wang, P; Yang, S; Yu, P; Zhang, S; Zhao, Y, 2020)	2.24
"Curcumin is a polyphenol from turmeric with significant anti-inflammatory activity."	( Effect of curcumin on the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via inhibiting the M1 polarization of macrophages. Ding, W; Fan, Y; Gu, D; Li, Y; Tong, C; Wu, H; Zeng, J, 2021)	1.75
"Curcumin is a valuable ingredient present in turmeric spice and has several essential roles, including those which are anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, thrombosuppressive, cardioprotective, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, and anti-infectious."	( The Functional Roles of Curcumin on Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Amini, SM; Hosseinzadeh Colagar, A; Khorshidian, A; Mohammadi, A, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory spice with claimed health benefits."	( Curcumin Reduces Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Alters Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice. Albracht-Schulte, K; Gunaratne, PH; Islam, T; Koboziev, I; Mistretta, B; Moussa, H; Moustaid-Moussa, N; Ramalingam, L; Scoggin, S; Yosofvand, M; Zabet-Moghaddam, M, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a natural component in turmeric and is well-known for its pharmacological effects in preventing and combating many ailments and has been shown to decrease the rapid proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells."	( Curcumin, a potential initiator of apoptosis via direct interactions with Bcl-xL and Bid. Barnes, CA; D'Souza, JS; Hosur, RV; Mishra, P; Singh, S, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a natural herbal found to suppress cellular oxidative states and could be beneficial in NASH."	( Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Abd El-Aleem, SA; Abd El-Hameed, NM; Ali, AH; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, HH, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound, which has demonstrated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects in vitro & in vivo. "	( Cellular uptake and apoptotic properties of gemini curcumin in gastric cancer cells. Azeez, HJ; Babaei, E; Emami, A; Feizi, MAH; Golizadeh, A; Nagishbandi, A, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin acts as an autophagy inducer on many cancer cells."	( Curcumin induces autophagic cell death in human thyroid cancer cells. Bao, J; Cheng, X; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Wu, L; Xu, S; Yu, H; Zhang, L, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a powerful free radical scavenger that upon conjugation to gold nanoparticles results in the formation of stable gold nanoparticles that act as highly water-soluble carriers for the curcumin molecules."	( Infrared microspectroscopy studies on the protective effect of curcumin coated gold nanoparticles against H Ghahremani, MH; Karimi, F; Kharrazi, S; Martínez-Rovira, I; Shaabani, E; Yousef, I, 2021)	1.58
"Curcumin is a natural Chinese medicine which currently has been declared to have therapeutic properties such as anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory activities."	( Cardiac fibrosis and curcumin: a novel perspective on this natural medicine. Asemi, Z; Hallajzadeh, J; Mansournia, MA; Mirsafaei, L; Sadoughi, F; Yousefi, B; Zahedi, M, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin is an ingredient in the turmeric plant that gives yellow color to dishes and is used as a spice. "	( Curcumins antineoplastic, radiosensitizing and radioprotective properties. Cihan, YB, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric)."	( Neuroprotective Activities of Curcumin in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of the Literature. Nebrisi, EE, 2021)	1.63
"Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from Curcuma longa with potent tumor-suppressor activity, which has shown significant efficacy in pre-clinical and clinical studies. "	( Curcumin and its derivatives in cancer therapy: Potentiating antitumor activity of cisplatin and reducing side effects. Abadi, AJ; Aghamiri, S; Aref, AR; Ashrafizadeh, M; Hamblin, MR; Hashemi, F; Hushmandi, K; Mahabady, MK; Mirzaei, S; Raee, P; Sethi, G; Zabolian, A; Zarrabi, A, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a natural compound extracted from turmeric ("	( Don't help them to bury the light. The interplay between intersystem crossing and hydrogen transfer in photoexcited curcumin revealed by surface-hopping dynamics. Losantos, R; Monari, A; Pasc, A, 2021)	2.27
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive natural compound with potent antioxidant and anticancer properties. "	( Curcumin-tannic acid-poloxamer nanoassemblies enhance curcumin's uptake and bioactivity against cancer cells in vitro. Alqudah, DA; Alshaer, W; Daoud, F; Orainee, B; Sunoqrot, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive compound with several proven pharmacological properties and low bioavailability."	( Surface-functionalized curcumin-loaded polymeric nanocapsules could block apomorphine-induced behavioral changes in rats. da Silva Neto, MR; de Gomes, MG; de Oliveira Pacheco, C; Dos Santos, RB; Giacomeli, R; Haas, SE; Maciel, TR; Parisotto, AJM; Ribeiro, ACF, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin is a natural compound with great potential for disease treatment. "	( Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin in the Inflammatory Diseases: Status, Limitations and Countermeasures. Ao, M; Chen, Z; Dong, B; Hu, C; Jiang, Y; Peng, Y; Xu, R; Yu, L, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural compound that exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and other biological properties. "	( Monocarbonyl Analogs of Curcumin Based on the Pseudopelletierine Scaffold: Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Brzezinski, K; Eljaszewicz, A; Gandusekar, R; Ksiezak, S; Lazny, R; Moniuszko, M; Pawelski, D; Plonska-Brzezinska, ME; Radziwon, P; Sredzinski, D; Walewska, A, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol derived from the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa) which exhibits numerous beneficial effects on different cell types. "	( Curcumin by activation of adenosine A Bogoutdinova, A; Gambaryan, S; Kharazova, A; Mindukshev, I; Rukoyatkina, N; Shpakova, V, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a type of plant polyphenol extracted from "	( Curcumin Administered in Combination with Glu-GNPs Induces Radiosensitivity in Transplanted Tumor MDA-MB-231-luc Cells in Nude Mice. Guo, T; Hu, C; Li, M; Lin, J; Lin, L; Liu, Y; Wu, Y; Yang, K, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (CCM) is a natural hydrophobic polyphenol known for its numerous applications in the food industry as a colorant or jelly stabilizer, and in the pharmaceutical industry due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-Alzheimer properties. "	( Preparation and Characterization of Semi-IPN Cryogels Based on Polyacrylamide and Poly( Dinu, MV; Doroftei, F; Dragan, ES; Ghiorghita, CA; Lazar, MM, 2021)	2.06
"Curcumin (Cur) is a bioactive phytochemical which is claimed to have several health-promoting benefits, whose applications are challenging due to its poor water-solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability. "	( Mechanism of enhancing the water-solubility and stability of curcumin by using self-assembled cod protein nanoparticles at an alkaline pH. Du, M; Sun, R; Wang, Y; Wu, C; Xu, X; Zhu, B, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound found in Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin biosynthesis from ferulic acid by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Faria, C; Rainha, J; Rodrigues, JL; Rodrigues, LR, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric, commonly accepted to have antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin alleviates arsenic-induced injury in duck skeletal muscle via regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway and protecting mitochondrial function. Hu, L; Huang, R; Jiang, X; Lan, J; Tang, L; Tang, Z; Wu, S; Zhong, G, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric that reduces vascular dysfunction in rodent models and humans without ADPKD."	( Curcumin Therapy to Treat Vascular Dysfunction in Children and Young Adults with ADPKD: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cadnapaphornchai, MA; Chonchol, M; Farmer-Bailey, H; George, D; Gitomer, B; Jovanovich, A; Klawitter, J; Nowak, KL; Patel, N; Soranno, DE; Steele, C; Wang, W; You, Z, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CRC) is a polyphenol compound produced from the Indian saffron root; it is used as food colouring and food flavouring."	( Curcumin protects against testis-specific side effects of irinotecan. Aydın, M; Başak, N; Çetin, A; Çiftci, O; Gökhan Turtay, M; Gürbüz, Ş; Oğuztürk, H; Uyanık, Ö; Yücel, N, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a promising nutraceutical with reported diverse therapeutic properties, but of limited oral bioavailability. "	( A comparative study between curcumin and curcumin nanoemulsion on high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced impaired spermatogenesis in rats. Abd-Allah, H; Ahmed, RF; Ahmed-Farid, OAH; Bakeer, RM; Hassan, NS; Nasr, M, 2022)	2.46
"Curcumin is an active polyphenol substance found in the highest concentrations in the roots of "	( Impact of free curcumin and curcumin nanocapsules on viability and oxidative status of neural cell lines. Bissacotti, BF; Bottari, NB; Copetti, PM; da Silva, AS; Gündel, SDS; Machado, AK; Morsch, VMM; Ourique, AF; Sagrillo, MR, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin (Cur) is a common phenolic compound extracted from the rhizome of"	( Curcumin Nanoparticles Inhibiting Ferroptosis for the Enhanced Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Chen, T; Duan, L; Han, M; Li, M; Li, R; Mo, Y; Su, S; Wang, Q; Yang, C; Zhang, Y; Zhou, L, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic compound from"	( The Potential Role of Curcumin in Modulating the Master Antioxidant Pathway in Diabetic Hypoxia-Induced Complications. Ghareghomi, S; Habibi-Rezaei, M; Moosavi-Movahedi, AA; Moosavi-Movahedi, Z; Rahban, M; Saso, L, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin is a bioactive compound derived from "	( Evaluation of the Impact of Different Doses of Antunes, AH; de Souza, EL; Faria, FR; Gomes, TLN; Mota, JF; Rezende, KR; Zenha, RSS, 2021)	2.06
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound found in turmeric, that has been reported to show anticancer activity against several types of tumors."	( Curcumin encapsulation in functional PLGA nanoparticles: A promising strategy for cancer therapies. Agner, T; Feltrin, FDS; Lona, LMF; Sayer, C, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric and has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, and antidiabetic properties, among others."	( Curcumin in Metabolic Health and Disease. Hudzik, B; Jabczyk, M; Nowak, J; Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska, B, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is an antioxidant agent that improves glycemia in animal models of diabetes. "	( Investigation of the Effects of Difluorinated Curcumin on Glycemic Indices in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Atkin, SL; Hatamipour, M; Mahmoudi, A; Moallem, SA; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Radbakhsh, S; Sahebkar, A; Sarborji, MR, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin is a potential natural remedy for preventing "	( Curcumin Oxidation Is Required for Inhibition of Asim, M; Barry, DP; Chaturvedi, M; Chaturvedi, R; Das, R; Gupta, J; Gupta, S; Kumar, P; Luis, PB; Mahant, S; Mishra, SK; Pandey, A; Ray, AK; Schneider, C; Wilson, KT, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is an easily available spice used traditionally in Indian cooking. "	( Role of Curcumin in Retinal Diseases-A review. Chandrasekaran, PR; Madanagopalan, VG, 2022)	2.6
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. "	( Curcumin Attenuates the PERK-eIF2α Signaling to Relieve Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH‑SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Wang, N; Wu, X; Yan, D; Yan, H; Yao, J; Yuan, J, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammation effects. "	( Nrf2-Related Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin in Different Disorders. Ayatollahi, SA; Bahroudi, Z; Ghafouri-Fard, S; Hussen, BM; Shoorei, H; Taheri, M; Talebi, SF, 2022)	2.44
"Curcumin is a is an important compound present in"	( Curcumin and Weight Loss: Does It Work? Gancarz, M; Kasprzak-Drozd, K; Kondracka, A; Oniszczuk, A; Oniszczuk, T; Rusinek, R, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a widely studied polyphenol isolated from"	( Inflammaging and Brain: Curcumin and Its Beneficial Potential as Regulator of Microglia Activation. Calvello, R; Cianciulli, A; Panaro, MA; Ruggiero, M, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin (CUR) is a phytochemical that is reportedly effective against some cancers through its ability to regulate signaling pathways and protein expression in cancer development and progression."	( Prospects of Curcumin Nanoformulations in Cancer Management. Alkhader, E; Amekyeh, H; Billa, N; Sabra, R, 2022)	1.81
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with pleiotropic biological properties."	( Post-Ischemic Brain Neurodegeneration in the Form of Alzheimer's Disease Proteinopathy: Possible Therapeutic Role of Curcumin. Czuczwar, SJ; Furmaga-Jabłońska, W; Januszewski, S; Pluta, R, 2022)	1.65
"Curcumin, is a bioactive polyphenol constituent of turmeric, that can potentially interact with vitamin D receptors and its molecular targets."	( Effects of curcumin supplementation on vitamin D levels in women with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled study. Arabnezhad, L; Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Majidi, Z; Mohammadifard, M; Rahmani, L, 2022)	1.83
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment in turmeric (Curcuma longa) with various physiological effects in the body. "	( Curcumin activates G protein-coupled receptor 97 (GPR97) in a manner different from glucocorticoid. Arahori, Y; Goshima, N; Harada, N; Inui, H; Joseph, AI; Kitakaze, T; Luis, PB; Okuyama, M; Schneider, C; Yamaji, R, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound with multiple pharmacologic activities. "	( Curcumin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice Through Regulating Gut Microbiota. Geng, R; Guo, X; He, X; Qiu, J; Xu, Y, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a phytochemical achieved from the plant turmeric. "	( Curcumin nanoformulations: Beneficial nanomedicine against cancer. Ahmadian, E; Alipour, M; Dalir Abdolahinia, E; Eftekhari, A; Forouhandeh, H; Maleki Dizaj, S; Rahbar Saadat, Y; Sharifi, S; Zununi Vahed, S, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a polyphenol plant-derived compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress, and anticancer properties that make it have the potential to treat cancer cachexia. "	( Curcumin Targeting NF- Chen, H; Guo, Y; Li, X; Yao, Q; Ye, C; Zhang, F; Zhang, J; Zhang, Z; Zheng, J, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural compound that exhibited therapeutic effects against various liver injuries however Cur showed poor water solubility and bioavailability. "	( Evaluation of the hepatoprotective effect of curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against paracetamol overdose toxicity Hussein, RM; Kandeil, MA; Khallaf, RA; Mohammed, NA, 2022)	2.42
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities."	( Effect of Curcumin in Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Antimycobacterial Activity in the Lungs and Anti-Inflammatory Effect in the Brain. Arce-Aceves, MF; Barrios-Payán, J; Hernández-Pando, R; Lara-Espinosa, JV; López-Torres, MO; Lozano-Ordaz, V; Maldonado, PD; Marquina-Castillo, B; Mata-Espinosa, D; Silva-Islas, CA, 2022)	1.85
"Curcumin is an ideal chemopreventive and chemotherapy agent owning to its multitargeting function on various regulatory molecules, key signaling pathways, and pharmacological safety."	( Curcumin as an Enhancer of Therapeutic Efficiency of Chemotherapy Drugs in Breast Cancer. Farghadani, R; Naidu, R, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CU) is a natural polyphenolic phytoingredient. "	( Development and optimization of curcumin analog nano-bilosomes using 2 Abbas, H; Al-Sawahli, MM; El-Deeb, NM; El-Feky, YA; El-Nassan, HB; Zewail, M, 2022)	2.45
"Curcumin (CUR) is a well-known phytochemical, and scorpion venom (SV) is a natural peptide with proven anticancer properties."	( Boosting curcumin activity against human prostatic cancer PC3 cells by utilizing scorpion venom conjugated phytosomes as promising functionalized nanovesicles. Ahmed, OAA; Al-Rabia, MW; Alghaith, AF; Alhakamy, NA; Fahmy, UA; Rizg, WY, 2022)	1.86
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural compound that has various pharmacological benefits."	( The dual gastro- and neuroprotective effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles against cold restraint stress in rats. Abdelgawad, EM; Ali, KA; Bakr, AF; El-Naa, MM; Mahmoud, MY; Matoock, MY, 2022)	1.7
"Curcumin is a phenolic ingredient extracted from turmeric and belongs to the Zingiberaceae, or ginger family."	( Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin in systemic autoimmune diseases. Abbasifard, M; Chamani, S; Johnston, TP; Majeed, M; Moossavi, M; Naghizadeh, A; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that alleviates several neuroinflammation-related diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and cerebral injury. "	( Physicochemical investigation of a novel curcumin diethyl γ-aminobutyrate, a carbamate ester prodrug of curcumin with enhanced anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Jithavech, P; Muangnoi, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Suwattananuruk, P; Thitikornpong, W; Towiwat, P; Vajragupta, O, 2022)	2.43
"Curcumin is a component of turmeric with many pharmacological properties."	( Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Inflammatory Diseases. Abdollahi, E; Azhdari, S; Ghaneifar, Z; Goleij, P; Johnston, TP; Moghaddam, AS; Vahedi, P, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of the ginger plant, which has been shown to have effects against both depression and anxiety."	( Curcumin Alleviates DSS-Induced Anxiety-Like Behaviors via the Microbial-Brain-Gut Axis. Chen, H; Jiang, H; Lv, B; Xu, M; Zhang, F; Zhou, F; Zhou, Y, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a promising therapeutic option in various inflammatory eye diseases."	( Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of NORFLO® ORO in Acute Relapses of HLA-B27-associated Autoimmune Uveitis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Study. Allegri, P; Cimino, L; Davis, JL; Tugal-Tutkun, I, 2023)	1.63
"Curcumin is a natural pleiotropic compound that may possess antiglycant properties."	( Curcumin Prevents the Glycation of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and Cell Respiration Proteins in the Heart of Mice Fed with a High-fructose Diet. Encarnación-Guevara, S; Garay-Sevilla, ME; Hernández-Ortiz, M; León-García, MC; Pérez-Vázquez, V; Ramírez-Emiliano, J; Silva-Gaona, OG; Vargas-Ortiz, K, 2022)	2.89
"curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound extracted from the rhizome of turmeric and exhibits both antioxidant and neuroprotective properties."	( Curcumin protects against manganese-induced neurotoxicity in rat by regulating oxidative stress-related gene expression via H3K27 acetylation. Ao, CY; Chen, L; Li, CZ; Li, J; Liu, Y; Ming, Q; Tang, SF; Yang, Y; Yu, C; Zhang, AL; Zhao, H, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that is well known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-cancer activity."	( The Effect of Curcumin on the Expression of INFγ, TNF-α, and iNOS Genes in PBMCs Infected with Alinejad, S; Amani, S; Asadi, N; Khademvatan, S; Miandoabi, T; Tappeh, KH; Yousefi, E, 2022)	2.52
"Curcumin is a pleiotropic compound found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric) [...]."	( Curcumin: A Promising Tool to Develop Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies against Non-Communicable Diseases, Still Requiring Verification by Sound Clinical Trials. Cirulli, F; Masella, R, 2022)	3.61
"The curcumin nano-scaffold is a biodegradable and effective drug delivery system for topical use that can act as an antioxidant, facilitate wound healing, as well as prevent bacterial infections."	( Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin Incorporated Multi Component Nano-Scaffold with Enhanced Anti-bacterial and Wound Healing Properties. Huang, FY; Kumar, R; Reddy, DNK; Wong, CC; Wu, YY, 2023)	1.75
"Curcumin is an antioxidant with a low bioavailability in the target tissue."	( Prophylactic effect of topical (slow-release) and systemic curcumin nano-niosome antioxidant on oral cancer in rat. Bardania, H; Fazli, B; Irani, S; Moosavi, MS; Rohani, B, 2022)	1.69
"Curcumin is a natural product widely used due to its pharmacological effects. "	( Curcumin and Wnt/β‑catenin signaling in exudative age‑related macular degeneration (Review). Vallée, A, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin has proven to be a cancer treatment due to its broad anticancer spectrum, high efficiency and low toxic level."	( Interaction of curcumin with glioblastoma cells via high and low linear energy transfer radiation therapy inducing radiosensitization effects. Jang, WI; Jeong, HJ; Jung, CW; Kim, EH; Kim, HJ; Kim, JY; Lee, WS; Park, MJ, 2022)	1.8
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound that has promising therapeutic benefits. "	( Recent advances in nanogold as a promising nanocarrier for curcumin delivery. Kesharwani, P; Mahmoudi, A; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Teng, Y, 2022)	2.41
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective compound in turmeric. "	( Curcumin Facilitates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation to Ameliorate Inflammatory Astrogliosis. Chou, CC; Hung, CC; Lee, YH; Lin, CH, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a primary constituent of curcuminoid that exerts several positive pharmacological effects on aberrant neurogenesis."	( Therapeutic role of curcumin in adult neurogenesis for management of psychiatric and neurological disorders: a scientometric study to an in-depth review. Cui, YL; Li, Y; Ma, W; Xu, D; Yuan, M; Zhao, L, 2023)	1.96
"Curcumin is a natural compound with a regulatory effect on genes and metabolic pathways."	( Curcumin prevents proteins expression changes of oxidative phosphorylation, cellular stress response, and lipid metabolism proteins in liver of mice fed a high-fructose diet. Encarnación-Guevara, S; Garay-Sevilla, ME; Hernández-Ortiz, M; Pérez-Vázquez, V; Ramírez-Emiliano, J; Silva-Gaona, OG; Vargas-Ortiz, K, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural hydrophobic compound, which is available in turmeric rhizome. "	( An updated and comprehensive review on the potential health effects of curcumin-encapsulated micro/nanoparticles. Chen, W; Hanafy, NAN; Karim, N; Li, B; Mehanni, AE; Rashwan, AK; Taha, EM; Xu, Y, 2023)	2.59
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol compound with antioxidant potential but its mechanism is still unclear."	( Protective effect of curcumin on zebrafish liver under ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Dong, W; Feng, C; Hu, X; Li, M; Qi, C; Sa, R; Song, L; Wang, J; Yang, J; Yin, X, 2022)	1.76
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that has been shown to have prebiotic and cholesterol-lowering properties. "	( Curcumin Supplementation Ameliorates Bile Cholesterol Supersaturation in Hamsters by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Cholesterol Absorption. Cao, Z; Feng, D; He, Y; Hong, T; Jiang, X; Yang, J; Zou, J, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a natural acidic polyphenol extracted from turmeric with a wide range of biological and pharmacological effects. "	( Comparative Study of Preparation, Evaluation, and Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs of Curcumin β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex, Curcumin Solid Dispersion, and Curcumin Phospholipid Complex. Chen, X; Dai, C; Jin, Y; Lin, D; Lin, J; Liu, G; Pang, X; Song, W; Zhang, D, 2022)	2.39
"Curcumin is a natural chemical substance obtained from plants with a wide range of pharmacological activities."	( Molecular Mechanism of Curcumin and Its Analogs as Multifunctional Compounds against Pancreatic Cancer. Huang, Q; Li, L; Mo, Y; Yang, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y; Zheng, Y, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin is a kind of natural polyphenol compound for which various beneficial biological functions exist, including being an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral."	( Curcumin alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury via regulating the Nrf2-ARE and NF-κB signaling pathways in ducks. Feng, XJ; Guan, PY; Liu, X; Shan, AS; Yang, H; Yu, CT, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a known natural anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits pathological autoimmune processes by regulating inflammatory cytokines and their associated signaling pathways in immune cells."	( Curcumin-based nanotechnology approaches and therapeutics in restoration of autoimmune diseases. Johnston, TP; Kesharwani, P; Markina, YV; Rahiman, N; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol and has beneficial therapeutic effects on pain."	( Curcumin and metformin synergistically modulate peripheral and central immune mechanisms of pain. Dasuni Wasana, PW; Muangnoi, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P; Vajragupta, O, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a natural component extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric ("	( Recent updates in curcumin delivery. Aljabali, AA; Alsaadi, M; Obeid, MA, 2023)	2.69
"Curcumin is a plant-derived yellow-orange compound widely used as a spice, dye and food additive. "	( The Role of Singlet Oxygen in Photoreactivity and Phototoxicity of Curcumin. Duda, M; Olchawa, M; Pabisz, P; Wisniewska-Becker, A; Wolnicka-Glubisz, A, 2023)	2.59
"Curcumin is a CYP1A9 and CYP3A4 inhibitor."	( The protective effects of curcumin on metabolic syndrome and its components: In-silico analysis for genes, transcription factors, and microRNAs involved. Kim, MS; Nguyen, HD, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural antioxidant that shows an excellent protective effect against arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced toxicity in many animal organs."	( Curcumin Alleviates Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Inflammation and Pyroptosis via the NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in the Hypothalamus of Ducks. Gan, R; Hu, L; Huang, R; Liu, H; Tang, Z; Wu, S; Zhang, N, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural active product widely used as photosensitizer in photodynamic inactivation (PDI) due to low toxicity and low cost. "	( Co-crystallization of curcumin for improved photodynamic inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its application for the preservation of cooked clams. Gu, W; Liu, D; Sun, J, 2022)	2.48
"Curcumin acts as a ligand and forms a stable complex with zinc."	( Zinc-curcumin based complexes in health and diseases: An approach in chemopreventive and therapeutic improvement. Lall, R; Prasad, S, 2022)	1.96
"Curcumin (CUR) is an extract of Curcuma longa Linn., which has various pharmacological activities. "	( Pluronic F127-liposome-encapsulated curcumin activates Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway to promote cell migration of HaCaT cells. Cai, X; Huang, Y; Zhou, Q; Zhou, Y, 2023)	2.63
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenolic phytochemical molecule with poor aqueous solubility."	( A Co-Encapsulation of Coenzyme Q10 and Curcumin in Liposomes Coated with Chitosan (Q10-Cur-Lip-Chi) with Enhanced Solubility and Stability for Good Release Performance and Antioxidative Activity. Chao, C; Li, Q; Lin, J; Xu, K; Xuan, Q; Ye, S; Yu, L; Zhao, S; Zhong, S, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with several anti-tumor effects which potentially inhibit tumor growth, development, proliferation, invasion, dissemination, and angiogenesis in different human malignancies."	( Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin and its Derivatives on Glioma Biology. Ahmadi, SS; Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Mohamadian, M, 2022)	1.71
"Curcumin is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent that targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes, and its resistant form leads to better therapeutic outcomes in diabetes complications."	( How Curcumin Targets Inflammatory Mediators in Diabetes: Therapeutic Insights and Possible Solutions. Alam, W; Alotaibi, G; Aschner, M; Hussain, Y; Jeandet, P; Khan, F; Khan, H; Saso, L, 2022)	2
"Curcumin is an active compound derived from turmeric, "	( Curcumin effect on Boonhok, R; Dolma, KG; Gupta, M; Jongboonjua, R; Kwankaew, P; Lim, CL; Nissapatorn, V; Paul, AK; Pereira, ML; Phumjan, S; Rahmatullah, M; Sangkanu, S; Sangnopparat, N; Tedasen, A; Wiart, C; Wilairatana, P, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from the plant turmeric and the structural instability of which limits its further clinical applications. "	( Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel curcumin analog as potential anti-lung cancer agent. Chen, XY; Huang, LL; Song, DD; Yang, JJ, 2023)	2.62
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment extracted from the rhizome of turmeric, a traditional Chinese medicine. "	( Curcumin induces mitochondrial apoptosis in human hepatoma cells through BCLAF1-mediated modulation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling. Bai, C; Chen, J; Cui, X; Su, J; Sun, M; Zhang, X; Zhao, J, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is a potential therapeutic agent that can diminish the MS neuroimmune imbalance and demyelination through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects."	( Dual Mechanism of Action of Curcumin in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Ben Achour, W; BenAhmed, M; Doghri, R; ELBini-Dhouib, I; Manai, M; Marzouki, S; Neili, NE; Sahraoui, G; Srairi-Abid, N; Zouaghi, S, 2022)	2.46
"Curcumin is a traditional medicine with several properties such as being antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial, which may have utility for treating diabetes complications."	( Therapeutic Role of Curcumin in Diabetes: An Analysis Based on Bioinformatic Findings. Atkin, SL; Mahmoudi, A; Nikiforov, NG; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.77
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound obtained from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin Combats against Organophosphate Pesticides Toxicity: A Review of the Current Evidence and Molecular Pathways. Aschner, M; Farkhondeh, T; Jafari, A; Jafari-Nozad, AM; Samarghandian, S, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derivative found in the turmeric plant ("	( Curcumin-Based Nanoformulations: A Promising Adjuvant towards Cancer Treatment. Abbasi, M; Babaei, E; Calcaterra, A; Hafez Ghoran, S; Nieselt, K; Taktaz, F, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, the golden spice. "	( A Unifying Perspective in Blunting the Limited Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin: A Succinct Look. Alqahtani, A; Alqahtani, T; Balakumar, P; Lakshmiraj, RS; Rupeshkumar, M; Singh, G; Sundram, K; Thangathirupathi, A, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin is a natural medicine with a wide range of anti-tumour activities. "	( Rational design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterisation of dicarbonyl curcuminoid analogues with improved stability against lung cancer via ROS and ER stress mediated cell apoptosis and pyroptosis. Chen, D; Chen, L; Dong, Z; Fang, B; Li, W; Liu, Y; Wei, T; Wei, X; Wu, J; Wu, X; Yi, B; Yun, D; Zheng, Z, 2022)	2.39
"Curcumin is a natural compound found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa and has been shown to possess multifunctional bioactivities."	( Curcumin analog JM-2 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy inflammation and remodeling by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Han, X; He, H; Jin, L; Liang, G; Lou, S; Luo, W; Wang, M; Zhang, Q; Zhu, W, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from turmeric rhizomes which has several pharmacological effects that may benefit patients with PCOS."	( Curcumin Inhibits Hyperandrogen-Induced IRE1 Li, Y; Shen, S; Wang, D; Wang, H; Wang, L; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Weng, Y; Zhang, Y, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a potential plant-derived drug for the treatment of breast cancer. "	( Recent Advances of Curcumin Derivatives in Breast Cancer. Chen, H; Li, X; Mi, P; Tan, Y; Tang, G; Wei, X; Yang, Z; Yao, X; Yin, Y; Zheng, X, 2022)	2.49
"Curcumin is a known naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent derived from turmeric, and it is commonly used as a herbal food supplement. "	( Curcumin encapsulated polylactic acid nanoparticles embedded in alginate/gelatin bioinks for in situ immunoregulation: Characterization and biological assessment. Collins, MN; Culebras, M; O'Driscoll, J; O'Dwyer, J; Ren, G; Ryan, EJ; Zamboni, F, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive stimulant with numerous medical benefits."	( Cellulose nanocrystals based delivery vehicles for anticancer agent curcumin. Chauhan, S; Kumar, R, 2022)	1.68
"Curcumin (CUR) is a potential anti-atherosclerotic agent but its poor water solubility hinders its pharmacological use."	( Curcumin nanoemulsion counteracts hepatic and cardiac complications associated with high-fat/high-fructose diet in rats. Ahmed, RF; Ahmed-Farid, OAH; Bakeer, RM; Elbaset, MA; Hassan, NS; Ibrahim, BMM; Nasr, M, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (Cur) is a good candidate to prevent and manage inflammatory diseases (such as IBD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects with safety profile."	( Sequential self-assembly and disassembly of curcumin hydrogel effectively alleviates inflammatory bowel disease. Hai, Z; Liu, L; Ren, X; Wu, F; Zhang, L; Zhou, P, 2022)	1.7
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from turmeric with potent anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects. "	( Oxidative Products of Curcumin Rather Than Curcumin Bind to Chaturvedi, M; Chaturvedi, R; Gupta, J; Gupta, S; Malik, MZ; Mishra, M; Pandey, A; Pandey, J; Somvanshi, P, 2022)	2.48
"Curcumin is a bright yellow solid."	( Isolation and In silico Study of Curcumin from Curcuma longa and Its Anti-Diabetic Activity. Sabarathinam, S; Sumathi, DL; Vaithiyalingam, M, 2023)	1.91
"Curcumin is a natural dietary polyphenolic compound with many beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities."	( The effect of curcumin on the cadmium-induced mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by metallothionein 2A regulation. Cho, MK; Wahyudi, LD; Yu, SH, 2022)	1.8
"Curcumin is a known epigenetic modifier that demonstrated antitumor effect in different types of cancer. "	( Modulation of the activity of histone lysine methyltransferases and demethylases by curcumin analog in leukaemia cells. Abd Elmageed, ZY; Fandy, TE; Malkaram, SA; Sawesi, S, 2022)	2.39
"Curcumin from turmeric is a natural phenolic compound with a promising potential to regulate fundamental processes involved in neurological diseases, including inflammation, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and apoptosis at the molecular level. "	( Role of curcumin and its nanoformulations in the treatment of neurological diseases through the effects on stem cells. Jamialahmadi, T; Kesharwani, P; Marzouni, HZ; Meidaninikjeh, S; Palizban, S; Sabouni, N; Sahebkar, A, 2023)	2.79
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that has potential beneficial properties for cardiovascular and renal diseases and is relatively safe and inexpensive. "	( Efficacy of the monocarbonyl curcumin analog C66 in the reduction of diabetes-associated cardiovascular and kidney complications. Avtanski, D; Bogdanov, B; Bogdanov, J; Hadzi-Petrushev, N; Kamkin, A; Mladenov, M; Stojchevski, R, 2022)	2.46
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa."	( The inhibitory effect of Curcumin-Artemisinin co-amorphous on Tau aggregation and Tau phosphorylation. Chandrashekar, M; Chinnathambi, S; Dubey, T; Mannava, MC; Nangia, AK; Sonawane, SK, 2023)	1.93
"Curcumin is a natural product that has been reported to exhibit myriad pharmacological properties, one of which is antitubercular activity. "	( Arylnitro monocarbonyl curcumin analogues: Synthesis and in vitro antitubercular evaluation. Beteck, RM; du Preez, C; Jesumoroti, OJ; Jordaan, A; Legoabe, LJ; Warner, DF, 2023)	2.66
"Nanocurcumin (NCur) acts as an antioxidant treatment."	( Ameliorative role of nanocurcumin against the toxicological effects of novel forms of Cuo as nanopesticides: a comparative study. Abdel-Azeem, AM; Abdel-Rehiem, ES; Abdul-Hamid, M; Farghali, AA; Khidr, FK, 2023)	1.69
"Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenolic phytochemical that stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while disulfiram (DSS) is a US FDA-approved drug for the treatment of alcoholism that can act by inhibiting the intracellular antioxidant system."	( Combination Therapy of Curcumin and Disulfiram Synergistically Inhibits the Growth of B16-F10 Melanoma Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress. Bezerra, DP; Dias, RB; Fontes, SS; Nogueira, ML; Rocha, CAG; Soares, MBP; Vannier-Santos, MA, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin is an established anti-endometriotic agent with inherent fluorescent properties; however, poor bioavailability limits its clinical utility."	( Transition metallo-curcumin complexes: a new hope for endometriosis? Chaudhury, K; Choudhury, P; Dasgupta, S; Ghosh, P; Halder, S; Hansda, A; Mukherjee, G; Mukherjee, S; Ojha, AK; Sharma, S; Singh, A, 2022)	1.77
"Curcumin is a type of plant-derived polyphenolic compound with strong bioactivity against various disorders, particularly cancer."	( Curcumin: An epigenetic regulator and its application in cancer. Liu, M; Ming, T; Ren, S; Tang, S; Tao, Q; Xu, H; Yang, H; Zhao, H, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin is a dietary spice and coloring agent widely used in food and herbal medicine. "	( Visualizing the distribution of curcumin in the root of Hu, T; Hu, Y; Lu, Q; Nie, W; Xie, M, 2022)	2.45
"Curcumin is a safe, non-toxic, readily available and naturally occurring compound, an active constituent of Curcuma longa (turmeric). "	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in ARDS and COVID-19. Aktay, S; Francis, S; Kralovich, G; Raghavendran, K; Suresh, MV, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its clinical application is limited in part by its physiological instability. "	( Poly(pro-curcumin) Materials Exhibit Dual Release Rates and Prolonged Antioxidant Activity as Thin Films and Self-Assembled Particles. Bentley, M; Capadona, JR; Chen, R; Funnell, JL; Gilbert, RJ; Palermo, EF; Quinones, GB, 2023)	2.77
"Curcumin is a natural chemical component that has an anticancer effect. "	( Curcumin suppresses lung cancer progression via circRUNX1 mediated miR-760/RAB3D axis. Chen, H; Lin, G; Liu, N; Liu, S; Wu, X, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is an osteoinductive natural polyphenol compound which supposedly modulates epigenetic mechanisms."	( Effective role of Curcumin on expression regulation of EZH2 histone methyltransferase as a dynamic epigenetic factor in osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Baghaban Eslaminejad, M; Ghorbaninejad, M; Hosseini, S; Khademi-Shirvan, M; Meyfour, A; Shahhoseini, M, 2023)	1.97
"Curcumin is a natural product obtained from the rhizome of "	( The Synergistic Hepatoprotective Activity of Rosemary Essential Oil and Curcumin: The Role of the MEK/ERK Pathway. El-Beltagi, HS; Mohafez, OM; Mohamed, ME; Younis, NS, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin is a natural plant derived antimicrobial, which was shown to inactivate or inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of microorganisms through photodynamic inactivation. "	( Influences of photosensitizer curcumin on microbial survival and physicochemical properties of chicken during storage. Chathiran, W; Gao, J; Matthews, KR; Srichamnong, W, 2023)	2.64
"Curcumin is a phytochemical derived from the spice turmeric that is reported to have therapeutic effects. "	( The phytochemical curcumin inhibits steroid sulfatase activity in rat liver tissue and NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Balasubramonian, B; Selcer, KW, 2023)	2.69
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound that has beneficial properties on metabolism."	( Curcumin improves metabolic response and increases expression of thermogenesis-associated markers in adipose tissue of male offspring from obese dams. Amaro, LBR; Andrade, JMO; Batista Jorge, AH; Guimarães, ALS; Lelis, DF; Lelis, SF; Santos, ACC; Santos, SHS, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin (Cur) is a hydrophobic polyphenol from the rhizome of "	( Polymer Encapsulated Liposomes for Oral Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Hydroxytyrosol. Catucci, L; Ciriaco, F; Conese, M; Daniello, V; De Leo, V; Di Gioia, S; Giotta, L; Ingrosso, C; Maurelli, AM, 2023)	2.6
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with well-known anticancer properties. "	( A Novel Curcumin Arginine Salt: A Solution for Poor Solubility and Potential Anticancer Activities. Abdelkader, H; Abou-Taleb, HA; Abourehab, MAS; Fatease, AA; Shoman, ME, 2022)	2.6
"Curcumin is a natural ingredient with antioxidant effects, widely studied as a treatment for various types of cancer. "	( Single or Daily Application of Topical Curcumin Prevents Ultraviolet B-Induced Apoptosis in Mice. Djawad, K; Faruk, M; Massi, MN; Miskad, UA; Patellongi, IJ; Yusuf, I, 2023)	2.62
"Curcumin is a low-cost and easily accessible therapeutic option for COVID-19 patients. "	( Curcumin for the treatment of COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Athar, MMT; Ayyan, M; Cheema, HA; Ghafoor, MS; Shafiee, A; Shahid, A; Zahid, A, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin (Cur) is a bioactive dietary polyphenol of turmeric with various biological activities against several cancers. "	( Curcumin suppresses cell proliferation and reduces cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells by activating the TRPA1 channel. Li, X; Ni, Y; Qin, S; Shao, M; Su, Q; Yu, F; Zhang, Y; Zhong, J, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising natural compound in ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment, but limited by its low oral bioavailability and poor targeting ability. "	( Folic acid-modified lactoferrin nanoparticles coated with a laminarin layer loaded curcumin with dual-targeting for ulcerative colitis treatment. Ayue, S; Chang, D; Dai, L; Gao, F; He, H; Luo, R; Qi, S; Ye, N; Ye, Y; Zhao, P, 2023)	2.58
"Curcumin is a promising active natural compound with several anti-cancer properties, though its clinical uses remain hindered due to its poor bioavailability."	( Curcumin analog WZ26 induces ROS and cell death via inhibition of STAT3 in cholangiocarcinoma. Chen, M; Hu, C; Huang, L; Jin, B; Qian, C; Wang, M; Wang, Y; Zhang, L; Zhou, B; Zuo, W, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substance which plays a major role in reducing the amyloid plaques formation, which is the major cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). "	( Network pharmacology and bioinformatics approach reveals the therapeutic mechanism of action of curcumin in Alzheimer disease. Das, S; Haque, MMU; Imam, MA; Islam, A; Malik, MZ; Vijh, D, 2023)	2.57
"Curcumin is a promising plant antioxidant."	( Palmitoyl-glucosamine co-micronized with curcumin for maintenance of meloxicam-induced pain relief in dogs with osteoarthritis pain. Conti, MB; Della Rocca, G; Della Valle, MF; Di Salvo, A; Schievano, C, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties scientifically proven, a condition that allowed its use as a tool in the treatment of sepsis."	( Impacts of Curcumin Treatment on Experimental Sepsis: A Systematic Review. Caetano, MAF; Celes, MRN; de Carvalho, MT; de Oliveira, JF; Dos Santos Arruda, F; Pereira, JX; Soave, DF; Tomé, FD; Vieira, BM, 2023)	2.02
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol extracted from the dry rhizome of curcuma long Linn with therapeutic properties for application in nanobiotechnology and as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy."	( Improving antimicrobial activity against endodontic biofilm after exposure to blue light-activated novel curcumin nanoparticle. Chorilli, M; Mancim Imbriani, MJ; Maquera Huacho, PM; Minhaco, VMTR; Rastelli, ANS; Spolidorio, DMP; Tonon, CC, 2023)	1.85
"Curcumin is an important food additive that shows multiple medical-benefits including anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and antiamyloid properties. "	( Autooxidation of curcumin in physiological buffer causes an enhanced synergistic anti-amyloid effect. Anand, BG; Ansari, M; Kar, K; Mittal, S; Prajapati, KP, 2023)	2.69
"Curcumin is a natural compound with biological activity, which has excellent ROS scavenging ability and good anti-inflammatory property."	( Melanin theranostic nanoplatform as an efficient drug delivery system for imaging-guided renal fibrosis therapy. Fu, W; Ji, H; Jing, W; Li, T; Li, X; Ma, Y; Yan, Z; Zhang, R, 2023)	1.63
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory agent that could improve inflammatory microenvironment."	( Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation supplemented with curcumin improves the outcomes of ischemic stroke via AKT/GSK-3β/β-TrCP/Nrf2 axis. Feng, C; Gao, L; Gui, L; Huang, J; Li, Y; Ran, H; Wang, J; Xia, S; Yuan, J; Zhou, Z, 2023)	1.86
"Curcumin is a natural ingredient extracted from"	( The Role of Ferroptosis and Cuproptosis in Curcumin against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Lai, Z; Liu, Z; Ma, H, 2023)	1.89
"Curcumin is a commonly used herbal supplement with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. "	( The effect of micro-particle curcumin on chronic kidney disease progression: the MPAC-CKD randomized clinical trial. Chambers, LC; Cuerden, MS; Garg, AX; Lim, YJ; Sontrop, JM; Urquhart, BL; Walsh, M; Weir, MA, 2023)	2.64
"Curcumin (CUR) is a functional ingredient from the spice turmeric. "	( Solubilisation and Enhanced Oral Absorption of Curcumin Using a Natural Non-Nutritive Sweetener Mogroside V. Chen, W; Kang, L; Li, H; Lu, A; Wang, H; Wu, C; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2023)	2.61
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol phytochemical derived from turmeric with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties but is concerned about poor solubility in water, absorption, and metabolic stability. "	( Curcumin and its Analogs and Carriers: Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Human Osteosarcoma. Lin, CW; Lu, EW; Lu, KH; Lu, PW; Yang, SF, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that is a significant constituent of the rhizome of Curcuma longa and possesses various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, and anti-carcinogenic."	( Clinostomum complanatum: Anthelmintic potential of curcumin on the infective progenetic metacercarial stage. Abidi, SMA; Ahammed, PAS; Beg, MA; Farhat, F; Khan, MAH; Rehman, A; Rehman, L; Ullah, R; Wasim, S, 2023)	1.88
"Curcumin (Cur) is a potent phytoconstituent that has gained remarkable recognition due to exceptional biomedical viability against a wide range of ailments including the BC."	( Functionalization of curcumin nanomedicines: a recent promising adaptation to maximize pharmacokinetic profile, specific cell internalization and anticancer efficacy against breast cancer. Hussain, Z; Li, C; Qiao, H; Sun, J; Zhang, J, 2023)	1.95
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic substance extracted from plants such as Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria, and radix curcumae, and it has attracted much attention because of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, antibacterial and other multiple pharmacological effects. "	( Basic research on curcumin in cervical cancer: Progress and perspectives. Wang, L; Wang, X; Xia, L; Zhang, H; Zhang, X; Zhu, L, 2023)	2.69
"Curcumin is a diketone compound extracted from the rhizomes of some plants in the Zingiberaceae and Araceae family. "	( Curcumin inhibits the pruritus in mice through mast cell MrgprB2 receptor. Du, Y; Jiang, Y; Tang, Z; Yang, Y; Ye, F; Zhang, J; Zhang, M; Zhu, C; Zong, Y, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a main bioactive constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with pleiotropic health beneficial effects. "	( Selective Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Curcumin-encapsulated SPC and HSPC Liposome Nanoparticles on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Amanolahi, F; Gholami, L; Kazemi Oskuee, R; Malaekeh-Nikouei, B; Mohammadi, A; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Nikfar, B, 2023)	2.61
"Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenol that exhibits antifungal activity."	( Curcumin inhibits Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production possibly by inducing ROS burst. Hu, T; Ma, Z; Shi, W; Yang, Y; Yao, B; Ye, Y; Zhang, D, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin (Cur) is a polyphenolic hydrophobic molecule with several biological uses, including cancer therapy. "	( A green approach for preparation of polyacrylic acid/starch incorporated with titanium dioxide nanocomposite as a biocompatible platform for curcumin delivery to breast cancer cells. Abdouss, M; Pourmadadi, M; Tajiki, A, 2023)	2.55
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural pigment with excellent biological activity. "	( Preparation and characterization of curcumin/chitosan conjugate as an efficient photodynamic antibacterial agent. Ding, X; Khan, IM; Wang, Z; Yue, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L, 2023)	2.63
"Curcumin is an active component and a polyphenolic diketone compound extracted from turmeric."	( The impact of curcumin on migraine: A comprehensive review. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Barreto, GE; Heidari, H; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Shojaei, M, 2023)	1.99
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound that has antioxidant properties, acts as a hepatoprotective, and lowers lipid peroxidation. "	( The Effect of Curcumin Nanoparticles on Paracetamol-induced Liver Injury in Male Wistar Rats. Damayanti, IP; Mahati, E; Nugroho, T; Suhartono, S; Suryono, S; Susanto, H; Susilaningsih, N; Suwondo, A, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin is a bioactive compound that has well-known pharmacological activities. "	( The Effects of Curcumin on Mechanical Functions and Cardiac Contractility in Isolated Rat Hearts. Kaygısız, B; Keskin Aktan, A; Kutlay, Ö, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally functional polyphenol whose effectiveness is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability, and its natural fluorescent properties are often overlooked."	( Dual Drug-Loaded Nanoliposomes Encapsulating Curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil with Advanced Medicinal Applications: Self-Monitoring and Antitumor Therapy. Guo, L; Guo, YP; Guo, YR; Liu, YS; Peng, C; Song, JW; Yuan, MH; Zhong, WX, 2023)	1.89
"Curcumin is a strong electrophile, with the enol form being 4.6% more electrophilic than its keto form."	( Structural basis of antibacterial photodynamic action of curcumin against S. aureus. Aguiar, ASN; Bagnato, VS; Borges, LL; Camargo, AJ; de Aquino, GLB; de Melo, NJ; Dias, LD; Inada, NM; Napolitano, HB, 2023)	1.88
"Curcumin is an important phytochemical, found in the Asian countries, especially in the Indian subcontinent. "	( Curcumin-based bioactive heterocycles derived via multicomponent reactions. Nagargoje, AA; Shaikh, MH; Shingate, BB, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that is extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), a member of the ginger family. "	( Curcumin inhibits human cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of SVCT2. Hong, E; Jang, SY; Kim, J; Lee, K; Na, Y; Park, S; Yeom, CH, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa L. "	( Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Ahmad, K; Ansari, KA; Asif, HM; Ghaffar, S; Iqbal, A; Rana, S; Shaheen, G; Zafar, F; Zahid, R, 2023)	2.57
"Curcumin is a traditional remedy for diseases associated with hyper-inflammatory responses and immune system impairment. "	( Evaluation of Curcumin-Piperine Supplementation in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Alikiaii, B; Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Feizi, A; Hassanizadeh, S; Kiani, Z; Majeed, M; Mirjalili, M; Sahebkar, A; Shojaei, M; Vajdi, M, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product for which there is increasing evidence of anti-inflammatory and iron chelation effects."	( Effect of curcumin on inflammatory biomarkers and iron profile in patients with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled trial. Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Mahmoudzadeh, S; Mohammadifard, M; Rezapour, H; Saharkhiz, M; Tajik, M; Talebpour, A; Zare Feyzabadi, R, 2023)	2.03
"Curcumin is a phytochemical, which induces autophagy with a wide dose-response curve, which brings minimal side effects."	( Curcumin as a Perspective Protection for Retinal Pigment Epithelium during Autophagy Inhibition in the Course of Retinal Degeneration. Biagioni, F; Bumah, V; Ferrucci, M; Fornai, F; Pinelli, R; Puglisi-Allegra, S; Scaffidi, E, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that exhibits a variety of beneficial effects on health, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepato-protective properties. "	( Proteomic Modulation in TGF-β-Treated Cholangiocytes Induced by Curcumin Nanoparticles. Ceccherini, E; Cecchettini, A; Di Giorgi, N; Michelucci, E; Rocchiccioli, S; Signore, G; Tedeschi, L; Vozzi, F, 2023)	2.59
"Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally occurring pigment extensively studied due to its therapeutic activity and delivered by suitable nanocarriers to overcome poor solubility in aqueous media. "	( On the photobehaviour of curcumin in biocompatible hosts: The role of H-abstraction in the photodegradation and photosensitization. Catanzano, O; Conte, C; Fraix, A; Laneri, F; Parisi, C; Quaglia, F; Sortino, S, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin is known to be an efficient antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer compound."	( Effect of folic acid-linked chitosan-coated PLGA-based curcumin nanoparticles on the redox system of glioblastoma cancer cells. Ghahremanloo, A; Ghoreyshi, N; Hashemy, SI; Homayouni Tabrizi, M; Javid, H, 2023)	1.88
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound widely investigated for its potential health benefits. "	( Curcumin Supplementation and Vascular Health: Is Gut Microbiota Involved? Di Domenico, FM; Godos, J; Grosso, G; Guerrera, I; Laudani, S; Paladino, N, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin (CCM) is an active ingredient extracted from turmeric rhizomes with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities, thus showing significant effectiveness toward wound healing."	( Flexible Curcumin-Loaded Zn-MOF Hydrogel for Long-Term Drug Release and Antibacterial Activities. Chen, Y; Fang, Q; Hussain, MI; Li, J; Wang, LN; Yan, Y, 2023)	2.05
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol extracted from turmeric."	( Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Curcumin in Breast Cancer Therapy. Fan, Y; Guo, DY; Huang, M; Shi, YJ; Sun, J; Wang, JW; Zhai, BT; Zhang, XF; Zou, JB, 2023)	1.91
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derivative of the "	( Efficacy of Nanocurcumin as an Add-On Treatment for Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Ahmadi, S; Ghadir, S; Masoumi, SJ; Mehrabi, Z; Zare, M, 2023)	2.7
"Curcumin is a pleiotropic molecule with well-known anti-inflammatory effects. "	( Curcumin modulates astrocyte function under basal and inflammatory conditions. Fróes, FT; Gonçalves, CA; Leite, MC; Seady, M, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a natural substance with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects."	( Enhanced spinal cord regeneration by gelatin/alginate hydrogel scaffolds containing human endometrial stem cells and curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in rat. Ai, A; Ai, J; Astaneh, ME; Hasanzadeh, E; Jahromi, HK; Madani, F; Naser, R; Safshekan, F; SalehiNamini, M; Shirian, S, 2023)	1.84
"Curcumin (CUR) is a principal curcuminoid of turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family."	( Curcumin ameliorates focal segmental glomerulosclerosis by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress in podocytes. Dong, QQ; Liao, QQ; Shu, HP; Tu, YC; Yao, LJ; Zhang, H, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of the turmeric plant."	( Curcumin's spice-infused therapeutic promise: disease severity alleviation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis via modulation of immune responses. Amiri, Z; Baharlou, R; Eslami, M; Esmaeili, SA; Haghmorad, D; Jalili, S; Tarahomi, M; Yazdanpanah, E; Yousefi, B, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is an antiproliferative phytochemical extracted from "	( Disruption of caspase-independent cell proliferation pathway on spheroids (HeLa cells) treated with curcumin. Alves de Lima, LV; Felicidade, I; Lepri, SR; Mantovani, MS; Martins de Oliveira, L; Silva, MFD, 2023)	2.57
"Curcumin is a natural herb and polyphenol that is obtained from the medicinal plant Curcuma longa. "	( Current appraises of therapeutic applications of nanocurcumin: A novel drug delivery approach for biomaterials in dentistry. Abdulla, AM; Abullais, SS; Bapat, PR; Bapat, RA; Bedia, AS; Bedia, SV; Chaubal, TV; Dharmadhikari, S; Kesharwani, P; Wahab, S; Yang, HJ, 2023)	2.6
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol, which has a variety of pharmacological activities, including, antineoplastic, antioxidative and neuroprotective effects. "	( Effects of curcumin nanodelivery on schizophrenia and glioblastoma. Bengoetxea, H; Bulnes, S; Lafuente, JV; Picó-Gallardo, M, 2023)	2.74
"Curcumin is a phytochemical with protective effects against neurological and mental diseases."	( Potential neuroprotective effect of nanomicellar curcumin on learning and memory functions following subacute exposure to bisphenol A in adult male rats. Fallahnezhad, S; Ghorbani-Taherdehi, F; Gorji-Valokola, M; Kafashzadeh, M; Nadim, A; Sahebkar, A, 2023)	1.89
"Curcumin is a biomolecule that can be extracted from the Curcuma longa that has been shown to have the potential to aid skin wound healing. "	( Curcumin-infused nanostructured lipid carriers: a promising strategy for enhancing skin regeneration and combating microbial infection. Abou-Ahmed, H; Badawy, MEI; El-Kammar, M; Elkhateeb, O; Elkhenany, H; Tohamy, HG, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with significant antioxidant activity among various diseases while catalase (CAT) is an enzyme degrading hydrogen peroxide in treating oxidative diseases."	( Combination of curcumin and catalase protects against chondrocyte injury and knee osteoarthritis progression by suppressing oxidative stress. Chen, B; Chen, C; Chen, P; Chi, W; He, Q; Li, M; Li, S; Lin, Y; Meng, K; Pan, Z; Wang, F; Wang, H; Xiao, J; Yang, J; Yi, Y; Zeng, J, 2023)	1.98
"Curcumin is a chemical with various pharmacological activities used for cancer treatment. "	( Curcumin Induces Apoptosis by Suppressing XRCC4 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Jiao, J; Li, J; Li, L; Liu, Y; Wang, D; Wang, S; Wu, W; Xing, E, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin is a small polyphenolic molecule that provides an interesting opportunity to understand the fundamental mechanisms of membrane-mediated aggregation because it embeds into membranes to alter their structure while also altering Aβ aggregation in an aqueous environment."	( Curcumin Reduces Amyloid Beta Oligomer Interactions with Anionic Membranes. Bhatia, A; Estrada, F; Griffin, CW; Sallaberry, CA; Soto, JD; Stone, WB; Vander Zanden, CM; Voss, BJ, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties."	( Curcumin nanoparticles and the therapeutic potential of curcumin for musculoskeletal disorders. Kang, B; Li, XS; Wu, HY; Xuan, YY; Yu, HT; Zhang, HQ, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin is a bioactive component with anticancer characteristics; nevertheless, it has poor solubility and fast metabolism, resulting in low bioavailability and so restricting its application. "	( Physico-chemical properties of curcumin nanoparticles and its efficacy against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Abdelmoneam, EA; Mohamad, EA; Rageh, MM; Sharaky, M, 2023)	2.64
"Mitocurcumin (MitoC) is a novel compound synthesized by triphenyl-phosphonium conjugation with curcumin."	( Antibacterial activity of new structural class of semisynthetic molecule, triphenyl-phosphonium conjugated diarylheptanoid. Bihani, SC; Gupta, GD; Jayakumar, S; Kumar, V; Kumari, S; Kutala, VK; Sandur, SK; Sharma, D, 2019)	0.99
"Curcumin is a bioactive molecule present in the rhizome of the"	( Curcumin and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevention and Treatment. Brasacchio, C; Mingione, A; Pivari, F; Soldati, L, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant polyphenol, which decreases epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration in cervical cancer cells. "	( Curcumin decreases epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by a Pirin‑dependent mechanism in cervical cancer cells. Aedo-Aguilera, V; Aguayo, F; Calaf, GM; Carrillo-Beltrán, D; Contreras, HR; Guerrero, N; León, O; Muñoz, JP; Osorio, JC; Tapia, JC, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a safe, versatile natural product with unlimited number of biological activities and a precursor for various heterocyclic compounds."	( New Insights Towards 1,4-Benzodiazepines from Curcumin. Design, Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities. Adwan, G; Algarra, M; Fares, O; Hamed, O; Jodeh, S; Saadeh, H; Taleeb, S, 2020)	2.26
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural yellow pigment from turmeric with extensive bioactivities. "	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of curcumin-peptide derivatives as PepT1-mediated transport drugs. Chai, C; Li, W; Liu, J; Shan, C; Shen, F; Wang, X; Wen, H; Zhang, J, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol and a bioactive phytochemical agent that possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and chemopreventive properties. "	( Stem Cell Therapy: Curcumin Does the Trick. Abedi, A; Ahmadian, E; Hosseiniyan Khatibi, SM; Maleki Dizaj, S; Samiei, M; Sharifi, S; Zununi Vahed, S, 2019)	2.29
"Curcumin (CUR) is a general ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, which has potential antitumor effects. "	( Dual targeting curcumin loaded alendronate-hyaluronan- octadecanoic acid micelles for improving osteosarcoma therapy. Chen, D; He, H; Jiang, T; Shen, Y; Wang, W; Webster, TJ; Wen, J; Xi, Y; Xu, N; Xue, M; Ye, X; Yu, J; Yu, Y, 2019)	2.31
"Curcumin is a compound obtained from rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and has protective effects on teratogenic agents."	( The protective effects of curcumin on cytotoxic and teratogenic activity of retinoic acid in mouse embryonic liver. Amini Mahabadi, J; Amini, A; Azadbakht, M; Barandeh, B; Gheibi Hayat, SM, 2019)	1.54
"Curcumin is a compound isolated from turmeric, a plant known for its medicinal use. "	( Potential of Curcumin in Skin Disorders. Bianchi, L; Campione, E; Dika, E; Falconi, M; Gaziano, R; Iacovelli, F; Terracciano, C; Vollono, L, 2019)	2.33
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical with potent anti-neoplastic properties including modulation of p53. "	( Curcumin stabilizes p53 by interaction with NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in tumor-derived cell lines. Antonio-Véjar, V; Arechaga-Ocampo, E; García-Carrancá, A; Ortiz-Sánchez, E; Patiño-Morales, CC; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Soto-Reyes, E, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin seems to be a potential alternative to TAP when controlling infection, but it requires a minimal concentration (2.5 mg/mL) to be effective. "	( Curcumin-A Natural Medicament for Root Canal Disinfection: Effects of Irrigation, Drug Release, and Photoactivation. Bottino, MC; Ferreira, JA; Gregory, RL; Münchow, EA; Pankajakshan, D; Sotomil, JM; Spolnik, KJ, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome that has potential biological benefits, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activity. "	( Recent advances in colloidal delivery systems for nutraceuticals: A case study - Delivery by Design of curcumin. Kharat, M; McClements, DJ, 2019)	2.17
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and anticancer activity. "	( Analysis of toxicity and anticancer activity of micelles of sodium alginate-curcumin. Bereta, J; Bzowska, M; Cierniak, A; Dyduch, G; Karabasz, A; Karewicz, A; Lachowicz, D; Mezyk-Kopec, R; Stalińska, K; Werner, E, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol that is isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric). "	( Curcumin Activates the Nrf2 Pathway and Induces Cellular Protection Against Oxidative Injury. Ahmadi, Z; Ashrafizadeh, M; Farkhondeh, T; Mohammadinejad, R; Samarghandian, S, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural compound primarily found in the widely used culinary spice, turmeric, which displays therapeutic potential for AD."	( A Curcumin Analog Reduces Levels of the Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Amyloid-β Protein by Modulating AβPP Processing and Autophagy. Liang, F; Liang, Y; Quan, Q; Ran, C; Shen, N; Shinozuka, K; Tanzi, RE; Wan, Y; Yu, JT; Zhang, C, 2019)	1.96
"Curcumin is a natural phytopolyphenol compound isolated from the root of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and possesses a wide range of biological properties. "	( Curcumin effects on cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Basbinar, Y; Bayrak, S; Calibasi-Kocal, G; Ellidokuz, H; Ozupek, NM; Pakdemirli, A; Sever, T; Yigitbasi, T, )	3.02
"Curcumin is a biologically active compound of vegetable origin which has a hormetic effect. "	( Impact of curcumin on replicative and chronological aging in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Mołoń, M; Nowak, K; Stępień, K; Wojdyła, D, 2020)	2.4
"Curcumin5-8 (CUR5-8) is a synthetic derivative of naturally active curcumin (CUR) that has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin analog CUR5-8 ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Ahn, CM; Chung, CH; Kim, HM; Kwon, MH; Lee, ES; Woo, HB, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa, which has been shown to exert health benefits, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin through autophagy modulation. Barreto, GE; Forouzanfar, F; Read, MI; Sahebkar, A, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin as such is a mixture of its analogs: bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)-3%, and demethoxycurcumin (DMC)-17%."	( Bisdemethoxycurcumin promotes apoptosis in human platelets via activation of ERK signaling pathway. Girish, KS; Hemshekhar, M; Kemparaju, K; Manikanta, K; Naveen, S; Paul, M; Ramesh, TN; Sundaram, MS, 2020)	1.66
"Curcumin is an herbal supplement, shown in preclinical studies to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral properties that we believe can be harnessed for breast cancer prevention."	( Targeted Transdermal Delivery of Curcumin for Breast Cancer Prevention. Atlan, M; Neman, J, 2019)	1.52
"Curcumin is a powerful scavenger of reactive oxygen species and could prevent the corneal cells from oxidative damage. "	( Encapsulating curcumin in ethylene diamine-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticle improves topical cornea delivery. Lee, GW; Liu, CH; Wang, CC; Wu, WC, 2020)	2.36
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with numerous pharmacological activities and shows protective effects against atherosclerosis; however, underlying mechanisms are not clearly known yet."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin on the atherogenic activities of inflammatory monocytes: Evidence from in vitro and animal models of human atherosclerosis. Abdollahi, E; Azhdari, S; Karimzadeh, MR; Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh, S; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Vahedi, P, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and is known to have antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties."	( Curcumin rescues breast cells from epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and invasion induced by anti‑miR‑34a. Aguayo, F; Bleak, TC; Calaf, GM; Gallardo, M; Kemmerling, U; Muñoz, JP, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a natural popular spice that used as a dietary supplementation and has iron chelating properties."	( Effect of Curcumin on Iron Toxicity and Bacterial Infection in Catfish ( Abbas, WT; Elgendy, MY; Ibrahim, TBE; Zaher, MFA, 2019)	1.64
"Curcumin is a lipophilic anti-cancer compound extracted from turmeric. "	( Curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier induced apoptosis in human HepG2 cells through activation of the DR5/caspase-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Chen, J; Chen, W; Dai, W; Wang, F; Wu, Y; Ye, X; Zhai, D, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties with promising potential for the development of therapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer as well as neurodegenerative diseases."	( Curcumin Affects HSP60 Folding Activity and Levels in Neuroblastoma Cells. Campanella, C; Cappello, F; Caruso Bavisotto, C; Lo Cascio, F; Marino Gammazza, A; Mocciaro, E; Pace, A; Palumbo Piccionello, A; Vergilio, G; Vitale, AM, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a biologically active phytochemical ingredient found in turmeric and has antioxidant pharmacologic actions that may benefit patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). "	( The effects of curcumin supplementation on oxidative stress, Sirtuin-1 and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α gene expression in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Akbari-Fakhrabadi, M; Farsi, F; Golab, F; Heshmati, J; Morvaridzadeh, M; Potter, E; Shidfar, F; Tanbakooei, S, )	1.93
"Curcumin seems to be an efficient reducer of oxidative stress related complications in patients with PCOS. "	( The effects of curcumin supplementation on oxidative stress, Sirtuin-1 and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α gene expression in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Akbari-Fakhrabadi, M; Farsi, F; Golab, F; Heshmati, J; Morvaridzadeh, M; Potter, E; Shidfar, F; Tanbakooei, S, )	1.93
"Curcumin is a naturally derived drug that regulates immunity and inhibits inflammation."	( Curcumin prevents osteocyte apoptosis by inhibiting M1-type macrophage polarization in mice model of glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head. He, Y; Huang, W; Jin, S; Meng, C; Wang, H; Wang, X; Wang, Z; Zhang, Q, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a well-known plant-derived polyphenol found in turmeric."	( Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin against Bladder Cancer: A Review of Possible Molecular Pathways. Ashrafizadeh, M; Sahebkar, A; Yaribeygi, H, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin (CUR) is a major component of turmeric Curcuma longa, which is often used in food or as a dietary supplement. "	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral formulations of curcumin in rats. Buckley, B; Cheng, D; Guo, Y; Hudlikar, R; Kong, AN; Kuo, HC; Li, S; Li, W; Wang, L; Wu, R; Yang, H; Yin, R, 2020)	2.24
"Curcumin is a bioactive compound with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but has low water solubility and dermal absorption. "	( Anti-inflammatory Activity of Curcumin in Gel Carriers on Mice with Atrial Edema. Acosta-Osorio, AA; Cano-Sarmiento, C; García, HS; García-Varela, R; González-Ortega, LA; Grube-Pagola, P; Palmeros-Exsome, C, 2020)	2.29
"Curcumin is an active ingredient of"	( Curcumin, an Active Constituent of Turmeric Spice: Implication in the Prevention of Lung Injury Induced by Benzo(a) Pyrene (BaP) in Rats. Alhommrani, MF; Almatroodi, SA; Alrumaihi, F; Alsahli, MA; Khan, A; Rahmani, AH, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound with antineoplastic properties."	( Antiviral activity of curcumin-nanoemulsion associated with photodynamic therapy in vulvar cell lines transducing different variants of HPV-16. Amantino, CF; Boccardo, E; Bonfim, CMD; Calmon, MF; Cândido, NM; Lino, VS; Melli, PPDS; Monteleoni, LF; Primo, FL; Provazzi, PJS; Quintana, SM; Rabachini, T; Rahal, P; Sichero, L; Tedesco, AC; Villa, LL, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin is a nutraceutical with many pharmacological effects including nephroprotective effects."	( Nephroprotective effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles in cypermethrin induced renal toxicity in rabbits. Akhtar, B; Anwar, M; Muhammad, F; Saleemi, MK; Ur Rehman, S, 2020)	1.57
"Curcumin (CUR) is a kind of polyphenolic compound and widely used in the treatment of diseases. "	( Curcumin inhibits cell viability, migration, and invasion of thymic carcinoma cells via downregulation of microRNA-27a. Han, Z; Zhang, J; Zhang, K; Zhao, Y, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound with poor water-solubility, however, the phase solubility test and dissolution/disintegration tests (water and artificial saliva) revealed that the water-solubility of curcumin was prominently improved by inclusion complexation with CyD."	( Fast-dissolving antioxidant curcumin/cyclodextrin inclusion complex electrospun nanofibrous webs. Celebioglu, A; Uyar, T, 2020)	1.57
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound that has antitumor properties."	( The role of miR-21/RECK in the inhibition of osteosarcoma by curcumin. Liu, HL; Liu, JS; Long, SZ; Lu, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, T; Zhou, L, 2020)	1.52
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound with a number of therapeutic and biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antitumor, and cardioprotective. "	( Potential therapeutic effects of curcumin mediated by JAK/STAT signaling pathway: A review. Afshar, EG; Ashrafizadeh, M; Farkhondeh, T; Mohammadinejad, R; Rafiei, H; Samarghandian, S, 2020)	2.28
"Curcumin is a polyphenol with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-cancer effects."	( Curcumin attenuates cytoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and cholinergic dysfunction in diabetic rat hippocampus. Elseady, WS; Keshk, WA; Sarhan, NI; Zineldeen, DH, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin (Cur) is an active derivative extracted from turmeric which exerts a wide range of interactions with biomolecules through complex signaling pathways. "	( Curcumin: a phytochemical modulator of estrogens and androgens in tumors of the reproductive system. Ávila-Rodriguez, MF; Barreto, GE; Bianconi, V; Jamialahmadi, T; Mohajeri, M; Pirro, M; Sahebkar, A, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural dietary polyphenol extracted from"	( The Emerging Role of Curcumin in the Modulation of TLR-4 Signaling Pathway: Focus on Neuroprotective and Anti-Rheumatic Properties. Benameur, T; Cici, D; Corrado, A; Panaro, MA; Paolo, CF; Porro, C, 2020)	1.6
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa and possesses diverse pharmacological effects, especially anti-carcinogenic effects against several types of cancers. "	( Preparation of curcumin-poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride based nanocapsules: Piperine in nanocapsules accelerates encapsulation and release of curcumin and effectiveness against colon cancer cells. Baydoun, E; Borjac, J; Moubarak, A; Patra, D; Slika, L, 2020)	2.35
"Curcumin is a yellow-orange dye widely used as a spice, food coloring and food preservative. "	( Effects of Curcumin on Lipid Membranes: an EPR Spin-label Study. Cygan, K; Duda, M; Wisniewska-Becker, A, 2020)	2.39
"Curcumin is a major anti-inflammatory agent."	( Curcumin and Endometriosis. Lecarpentier, Y; Vallée, A, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in the turmeric spice, which is derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa."	( Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review. Patra, D; Slika, L, 2020)	1.52
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound which shows potent anticancer activities in different tumors, alone or as an adjuvant with other antitumor drugs to prevent or inhibit the survival and cancer progression by various mechanisms."	( Curcumin effect on cancer cells' multidrug resistance: An update. Gul, A; Keyvani-Ghamsari, S; Khorsandi, K, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring p300-histone acetyltransferase (p300-HAT) inhibitor that suppresses cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the development of heart failure in experimental animal models. "	( The Synthetic Curcumin Analogue GO-Y030 Effectively Suppresses the Development of Pressure Overload-induced Heart Failure in Mice. Funamoto, M; Genpei, M; Hasegawa, K; Iwabuchi, Y; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Katayama, A; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, T; Sari, N; Shibata, H; Shimizu, K; Shimizu, S; Sunagawa, Y; Wada, H; Wakabayashi, H, 2020)	2.36
"Curcumin is a poly phenolic compound extracted from turmeric. "	( Current Trends in Drug Delivery System of Curcumin and its Therapeutic Applications. Agarwal, DK; Agarwal, S; Sethiya, A, 2020)	2.27
"Curcumin is a potent activator of SIRT1 and possesses antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects."	( Curcumin Attenuates Hemorrhagic Shock and Blood Replenish Resuscitation-induced Impairment of Pulmonary Barrier Function by Increasing SIRT1 and Reducing Malondialdehyde and TNF-α Contents and Neutrophil Infiltration in Lung in a Dose-Dependent Fashion. Wang, JJ; Yu-Wung Yeh, D, )	2.3
"Curcumin (Cur) is a promising drug for neurological diseases. "	( Odorranalectin modified PEG-PLGA/PEG-PBLG curcumin-loaded nanoparticle for intranasal administration. Guo, P; Kamal, Z; Li, X; Lu, L; Qiu, M; Su, J; Wu, H; Wu, X, 2020)	2.27
"Curcumin (Cur) is a phenolic compound extracted from a variety of plant roots, with multiple anti-tumor pharmacological effects."	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through down regulation of DJ-1. Han, L; Sun, S; Wang, Y, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenolic compound that has a wide range of therapeutic properties, including antibacterial effects."	( Review of Anti-Bacterial Activities of Curcumin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ebrahimi, SA; Ghazaghi, A; Jalili, A; Neyestani, Z; Rahimi, HR; Sahebkar, A, )	1.12
"Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Dissimilar effects of curcumin on human granulosa cells: Beyond its anti-oxidative role. Costa, L; Fonseca, BM; Moreira-Pinto, B; Rebelo, I, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin is a spice derived nutraceutical which gained tremendous attention because of its profound medicinal values. "	( Therapeutic and Mechanistic Effects of Curcumin in Huntington's Disease. Dajic-Stevanovic, Z; Jeandet, P; Khan, H; Labanca, F; Milella, L; Ullah, H; Xiao, J, 2021)	2.33
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bright yellow chemical and it is used as an additive in foods. "	( A Systematic Literature Review of Curcumin with Promising Antileishmanial Activity. Akhtari, J; Asfaram, S; Fakhar, M; Keighobadi, M; Nakhaei, M; Saberi, R, 2021)	2.34
"Curcumin is a safe ingredient of turmeric that affects various cellular pathways."	( Nanocurcumin as a novel stimulator of megakaryopoiesis that ameliorates chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in mice. Gholampour, MA; Mortazavi Farsani, SS; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M; Safari, Z, 2020)	1.84
"Curcumin (Cur) is an effective natural antioxidant compound; however, the poor bioavailability obstructs its neural protective applications."	( Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Enhanced the Neuroprotective Role of Curcumin against Epilepsy through Activation of Bcl-2 Family and P38 MAPK Pathways. Cheng, L; Huang, R; Lin, L; Song, S; Zhu, R; Zhu, Y, 2020)	1.52
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L."	( Neuroprotection by curcumin: A review on brain delivery strategies. Askarizadeh, A; Barreto, GE; Henney, NC; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2020)	1.61
"Curcumin is a polyphenol with antioxidant activity that has been used to protect the health of fish livers, but the mechanism underlying its protective effect is unclear."	( Integrative transcriptome analysis and discovery of signaling pathways involved in the protective effects of curcumin against oxidative stress in tilapia hepatocytes. Huang, Y; Li, L; Zhang, Z, 2020)	1.49
"Curcumin is a safe, natural bioactive substance that can effectively prevent and treat OM in patients receiving RT and/or CT, as well as reduce weight loss."	( Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on Treatment-Induced Oral Mucositis in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Tang, G; Wei, Z; Zhang, L, 2021)	2.33
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound derived from Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has great pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic."	( Versatile role of curcumin and its derivatives in lung cancer therapy. Ashrafizadeh, M; Farkhondeh, T; Makvandi, P; Najafi, M; Samarghandian, S; Zarrabi, A, 2020)	1.61
"Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenolic active substance with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. "	( Antibacterial Mechanism of Curcumin: A Review. Huang, C; Huang, H; Huang, L; Khan, MRU; Zhao, H; Zhao, Y; Zheng, D, 2020)	2.3
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising edible phytochemical compound with ideal ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment activity; however, it is characteristically instable in the digestive tract and has a short retention time in colon. "	( Genipin-crosslinked human serum albumin coating using a tannic acid layer for enhanced oral administration of curcumin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Chen, Q; Gao, F; Hu, Y; Lin, M; Luo, R; Shi, J; Zhang, C; Zhang, J; Zhang, M; Zhang, S, 2020)	2.21
"Curcumin is a bioactive constituent isolated from turmeric that has historically been used as a seasoning, pigment, and herbal medicine in food. "	( Formulation of More Efficacious Curcumin Delivery Systems Using Colloid Science: Enhanced Solubility, Stability, and Bioavailability. McClements, DJ; Zheng, B, 2020)	2.28
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with numerous therapeutic activities. "	( Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Curcumin in Simulated Nasal Fluid. Bhatt, S; Kumar, M; Sharma, JB; Sharma, S, 2020)	2.22
"Curcumin is a pharmacological compound with diverse therapeutic effects including anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and so on."	( Curcumin in cancer therapy: A novel adjunct for combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and alleviation of its adverse effects. Ashrafizadeh, M; Entezari, M; Hashemi, F; Hushmandi, K; Moghadam, ER; Mohammadinejad, R; Najafi, M; Zarrabi, A, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin (Cur) is a hydrophobic polyphenol compound derived from the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin inhibits the formation of atherosclerosis in ApoE An, ZL; Gong, LL; Han, FF; Jia, Y; Liu, H; Liu, LH; Lv, YL; Ren, LL; Wan, Z; Xuan, LL; Yang, S; Zhang, W, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a naturally active phenolic compound extracted from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa, which has been demonstrated to serve as an anticancer drug in different types of cancer, including non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). "	( miR‑192‑5p upregulation mediates the suppression of curcumin in human NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting c‑Myc and inactivating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Liu, Z; Pan, Y; Sun, Y; Zhang, C, 2020)	2.25
"Curcumin (CCM) is a natural and potent bioactive compound; however, its poor water solubility limits its performances and applications. "	( Preparation and characterization of a solid dispersion containing curcumin and octenylsuccinate hydroxypropyl phytoglycogen for improved curcumin solubility. Xie, Y; Yao, Y, 2020)	2.24
"Curcumin is an important bioactive component of turmeric and also one of the important natural products, which has been investigated extensively. "	( Topological and system-level protein interaction network (PIN) analyses to deduce molecular mechanism of curcumin. Bhardwaj, U; Chauhan, SC; Dhasmana, A; Gupta, M; Haque, S; Jaggi, M; Kashyap, VK; Somvanshi, P; Uniyal, S; Yallapu, MM, 2020)	2.21
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound that is suggested to dysregulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). "	( Ubiquitin Proteasome System Activity is Suppressed by Curcumin following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Human Skeletal Muscle. Cardaci, TD; Hwang, PS; Machek, SB; Wilburn, DT; Willoughby, DS, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin (CUR) is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drug with poor aqueous solubility and low permeability. "	( New curcumin-trimesic acid cocrystal and anti-invasion activity of curcumin multicomponent solids against 3D tumor models. Devidas Bhatia, D; Sathisaran, I; Vishvanath Dalvi, S, 2020)	2.56
"Curcumin is an herbal component with several biological properties, and we highlight here the thermal stability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. "	( Curcumin addition in diet of laying hens under cold stress has antioxidant and antimicrobial effects and improves bird health and egg quality. Abbad, LB; Alba, DF; Baldissera, MD; Boiago, MM; da Rosa, G; Da Silva, AS; Dazuk, V; Galli, GM; Molosse, V; Souza, CF; Stefani, LM, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural derivative, which exhibits broad spectrum biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. "	( Pluronic micelles encapsulated curcumin manifests apoptotic cell death and inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines in human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Aswal, VK; Pathak, C; Ray, D; Shaikh, S; Sharma, R; Vaidya, FU, 2019)	2.24
"Curcumin is a major curcuminoid present in turmeric. "	( Targeting Cancer using Curcumin Encapsulated Vesicular Drug Delivery Systems. Bebawy, M; Chellappan, DK; Dua, K; Hansbro, PM; Hardwick, J; Mehta, M; Paudel, KR; Satija, S; Taylor, J, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin is a promising anticancer drug that has antitumour effects in many tumours, but its mechanism of action is unclear."	( Curcumin inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells by silencing EZH2 and restoring DLC1 expression. Chen, J; Dou, M; Han, X; Jiao, D; Li, L; Lv, L; Wang, L; Zhang, W; Zhou, X, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin proved to be an important and effective medical line for protecting against the unfavourable sequels of cryptorchidism in a rat model."	( The ameliorative effect of curcumin on cryptorchid and non-cryptorchid testes in induced unilateral cryptorchidism in albino rat: histological evaluation. Abd-El-Hafez, MA; Aburahma, AA; El-Shafee, MD; Kamar, SS; Omar, SH, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin is a major active principle of Curcuma longa. "	( Design of New Improved Curcumin Derivatives to Multi-targets of Cancer and Inflammation. Harikrishnan, A; Khanna, S; Veena, V, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound extracted from turmeric, which can effectively suppress cisplatin resistance in CRC."	( LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is a key factor in the reversal effect of curcumin on cisplatin resistance in the colorectal cancer cells. Feng, YJ; You, HY; Zhang, ZT; Zheng, ZH, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin is a promising natural anticancer compound used towards treatment for various kinds of cancers."	( Curcumin-silica nanocomplex preparation, hemoglobin and DNA interaction and photocytotoxicity against melanoma cancer cells. Abrahamse, H; Ghazaeian, M; Hosseinzadeh, R; Khorsandi, K; Naderi, A, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric."	( Curcumin attenuates angiotensin II-induced podocyte injury and apoptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Gu, Y; Ling, L; Liu, Y; Niu, J; Wu, Q; Yang, L; Yu, N; Yu, Y, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a powerful coloring agent widely used in the food industry. "	( Solubilization and extraction of curcumin from Curcuma Longa using green, sustainable, and food-approved surfactant-free microemulsions. Degot, P; Hahn, M; Hofmann, E; Huber, V; Kunz, W; Touraud, D, 2021)	2.35
"Curcumin is a more efficient polyphenol than many chemotherapeutics. "	( Mucoadhesive curcumin crosslinked carboxy methyl cellulose might increase inhibitory efficiency for liver cancer treatment. El-Kemary, M; Hanafy, NAN; Leporatti, S, 2020)	2.37
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects."	( Effect of Curcumin and Its Derivates on Gastric Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. A Ferns, G; Bahrami, A, 2021)	1.75
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical polyphenol with significant anti-cancer effects and negligible side effects. "	( Nanomicellar-curcumin exerts its therapeutic effects via affecting angiogenesis, apoptosis, and T cells in a mouse model of melanoma lung metastasis. Banafshe, HR; Borran, S; Davoodvandi, A; Hamblin, MR; Jaafari, MR; Khan, H; Mardani, R; Mirzaei, H; Mokhtari, M; Nejati, M; Taghizadeh, M, 2020)	2.37
"Curcumin is an herbal supplement that has anti-inflammatory effects."	( Effects of non-linear resistance training and curcumin supplementation on the liver biochemical markers levels and structure in older women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Azarbayjani, MA; Farzanegi, P; Helalizadeh, M; Moradi Kelardeh, B; Rahmati-Ahmadabad, S, 2020)	1.54
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol isolated from turmeric rhizomes and plays an important role in the antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of diabetes."	( Curcumin protects cardiomyopathy damage through inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species in type 2 diabetic mice. Huang, L; Liu, J; Wu, X; Zhou, X, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of turmeric that has a wide range of biological activities."	( Curcumin Alleviates the Side Effects of Cisplatin on Gastric Emptying of Mice by Inhibiting the Signal Changes of Acetylcholine and Interstitial Cells of Cajal. Li, H; Li, P; Liu, X; Shang, F; Xu, W; Ye, J; Yu, X, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a promising botanical acaricidal compound with activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. "	( Functional analysis of an upregulated calmodulin gene related to the acaricidal activity of curcumin against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval). Ding, W; Guo, F; Liu, J; Luo, J; Wan, F; Zhang, Y; Zheng, X; Zhou, H, 2021)	2.28
"Curcumin functions as a proteasome inhibitor. "	( Curcumin inhibits proteasome activity in triple-negative breast cancer cells through regulating p300/miR-142-3p/PSMB5 axis. Fu, Y; Liu, L; Ma, M; Wang, C; Zheng, Y, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of turmeric. "	( [Research progress of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis]. Han, Q; Jiang, C; Yang, JM, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin is a known safe natural compound that can effectively eliminate pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in vitro, making it a promising candidate for substitution in subsequent chemotherapy."	( Topically applicated curcumin/gelatin-blended nanofibrous mat inhibits pancreatic adenocarcinoma by increasing ROS production and endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis. Chen, Y; Cheng, T; Dai, X; Jian, Z; Li, J; Shen, H; Shen, Y; Zhang, Z, 2020)	1.6
"Curcumin (CM) is a natural polyphenolic compound with multiple biomedical functions. "	( Micronized curcumin fabricated by supercritical CO Huang, J; Li, B; Li, X; Xie, M; Xu, M; Xue, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y, 2020)	2.39
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound isolated from curcuma longa and possesses valuable pharmacological activities in which anti-tumor activity is of importance, since in suppressing cancer malignancy, curcumin can target various molecular pathways such as STAT3, PTEN, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, and so on."	( Sensing the scent of death: Modulation of microRNAs by Curcumin in gastrointestinal cancers. Ashrafizadeh, M; Hashemipour, M; Hushmandi, K; Khan, H; Mirzaei, H; Najafi, M; Shahinozzaman, M; Vosough, M; Zarrabi, A, 2020)	1.53
"Curcumin (CU) is a well-known inhibitor of the aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides."	( Curcumin Inhibits the Primary Nucleation of Amyloid-Beta Peptide: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Atanasova, M; Dimitrov, I; Doytchinova, I; Ivanov, S; Salamanova, E, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a natural compound extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa), which has been reported to be a promising anti‑cancer drug in various human cancers. "	( Curcumin enhances anti‑cancer efficacy of either gemcitabine or docetaxel on pancreatic cancer cells. Bu, LP; Li, XY; Liu, H; Liu, P; Shao, L; Ying, Q; Yu, SQ, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule known to be a potent inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). "	( The efficacy of curcumin on PDGF expression and NF-kappa B pathway: TNBS-induced colitis. Altinel, Y; Çelik, A; Ercan, G; Erçetin, C; Gülçiçek, OB; Özkaya, G; Uzun, H; Yalçın, Ş; Yavuz, E, 2020)	2.35
"Curcumin is an active and non-toxic phenolic compound, isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L."	( Anti-Cancer Activity of Curcumin on Multiple Myeloma. Bagheri, H; Ghasemi, F; Heyden, YV; Jeandet, P; Khan, H; Khoi, JM; Mirzaei, H; Mortezapour, E; Nikdasti, A; Pourhanifeh, MH; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.65
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural anticancer pigment, but its poor absorption and extensive metabolism limit its clinical applications. "	( Metabolic profile of curcumin self-emulsifying drug delivery system in rats determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Tang, X; Xu, L; Yang, L; Yuan, D; Zhang, G, 2021)	2.38
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural diarylheptanoid with marked anti-tumor activities. "	( Curcumin and wikstroflavone B, a new biflavonoid isolated from Wikstroemia indica, synergistically suppress the proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via blocking FAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Deng, X; Fan, Q; Lin, M; Lou, D; Shao, M; Yang, J, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol and lead compound of the rhizomes of curcuma longa and it has been widely used for pharmacological activities."	( Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Novel Curcumin Derivatives as Cytotoxic and Apoptosis-Inducing Agents. Adibi, H; Almasi, S; Arjomandi, OK; Hosseinzadeh, L; Kavoosi, M, 2021)	2.29
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, which has been shown to inhibit the growth of many types of tumor."	( Curcumin promotes cancer-associated fibroblasts apoptosis via ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. Du, Q; Han, L; Ma, J; Qin, Z; Tao, N; Wang, Y; Yang, L; Zeng, Y; Zhang, Z, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic drug gaining growing attention because of its high availability, its innocuity, and its anticancer, antitumoral, and antioxidative activity. "	( Curcumin Loaded Nanoliposomes Localization by Nanoscale Characterization. Arab-Tehrany, E; Elkhoury, K; Francius, G; Jierry, L; Kahn, C; Linder, M; Mano, JF, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin is an effective anti-cancer agent used in thyroid cancer treatments. "	( Synergistic Combination of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid and Natural Flavonoid Curcumin Exhibits Anticancer and Antibacterial Activity. Altundağ, EM; Güran, M; Kerküklü, NR; Özbilenler, C; Şanlıtürk, G; Toprak, K; Yalçın, AS; Yılmaz, AM, 2021)	2.28
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol found in Curcuma longa with multiple therapeutic properties, such as anti-inflammatory, wound healing and anti-cancer effects. "	( Suppressive effects of curcumin on milk production without inflammatory responses in lactating mammary epithelial cells. Kobayashi, K; Nishimura, T; Suzuki, N; Suzuki, T; Tsugami, Y, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin is a unique molecule naturally obtained from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Emerging Trends in Topical Delivery of Curcumin Through Lipid Nanocarriers: Effectiveness in Skin Disorders. Dubey, SK; Gorantla, S; Rapalli, VK; Saha, RN; Shah, P; Singhvi, G; Waghule, T, 2020)	2.27
"Curcumin is a molecule exhibiting anti-cancer properties and showed affinity towards GST isoforms after in silico docking predictions."	( Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases. Ansari, M; Robin, SKD; Uppugunduri, CRS, 2020)	1.28
"Curcumin is a turmeric, antioxidative compound, well-known of its anti-cancer properties. "	( Effects of curcumin based PDT on the viability and the organization of actin in melanotic (A375) and amelanotic melanoma (C32) - in vitro studies. Drąg-Zalesińska, M; Kasperkiewicz, P; Kotowski, K; Kulbacka, J; Przystupski, D; Saczko, J; Supplitt, S; Szewczyk, A; Szlasa, W, 2020)	2.39
"Curcumin is a non-toxic natural product with different effects on various oral diseases."	( Comparison of oral Nano-Curcumin with oral prednisolone on oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Basirat, M; Kia, SJ; Moosavi, MS; Mortezaie, T, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin is a biologically active phytochemical ingredient found in turmeric. "	( Effects of curcumin supplementation on blood glucose, insulin resistance and androgens in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Heshmati, J; Moini, A; Mojtahedi, MF; Morvaridzadeh, M; Palmowski, A; Salehi, M; Sepidarkish, M; Shidfar, F, 2021)	2.45
"Curcumin (C) is a natural antioxidant which has many beneficial effects. "	( Targeted delivery of curcumin in breast cancer cells via hyaluronic acid modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle to enhance anticancer efficiency. Dutta, S; Ghosh, S; Kundu, M; Sarkar, A; Sil, PC, 2021)	2.38
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical with anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic characteristics."	( Evaluation of the effect of curcumin on pneumonia: A systematic review of preclinical studies. Alikiaii, B; Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.64
"Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenol with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties."	( Molecular Targets Implicated in the Antiparasitic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Phytochemical Curcumin in Trichomoniasis. Lamas, J; Leiro, JM; Mallo, N; Sueiro, RA, 2020)	1.49
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Dual chemotherapy with benznidazole at suboptimal dose plus curcumin nanoparticles mitigates Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited chronic cardiomyopathy. Corral, RS; Hernández, M; Pérez Caballero, E; Santamaría, MH; Wicz, S, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin is an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent, even though its efficacy is limited by its poor absorption, rapid metabolism, systemic elimination, and limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability."	( Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles Based on Amphiphilic Hyaluronan-Conjugate Explored as Targeting Delivery System for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Calce, E; De Luca, S; Di Pardo, A; Maglione, V; Pepe, G; Saviano, M; Verdoliva, V, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a natural compound that has many medical applications. "	( Development of Provesicular Nanodelivery System of Curcumin as a Safe and Effective Antiviral Agent: Statistical Optimization, In Vitro Characterization, and Antiviral Effectiveness. Abdelaziz, AE; Badria, FA; Elgazar, AA; Hassan, AH; Mazyed, EA, 2020)	2.25
"Curcumin is a well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent."	( Healing Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles in Deep Tissue Injury Mouse Model. Han, J; Han, S; Liu, P; Wang, A; Yang, X; Zhang, J; Zhang, Z, 2021)	1.67
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenol with beneficial biological and pharmacological activities; however, it has limited applications owing to its low solubility and light sensitivity. "	( Development and characterization of soybean protein isolate and fucoidan nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation. Fan, L; Ling, J; Lu, Y; Ouyang, XK, 2021)	2.28
"Curcumin is a multifunctional phenolic compound that is known for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties."	( Curcumin and inflammatory bowel diseases: From in vitro studies to clinical trials. Ashrafizadeh, M; Borran, S; Fallahi, F; Khaksary Mahabady, M; Mirzaei, H; Pourhanifeh, MH; Sahebkar, A; Zarrabi, A, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound exhibiting multiple bioactivities that have been evaluated in vitro, in vivo as well as through clinical studies in humans. "	( Curcumin Loaded and Co-loaded Nanosystems: A Review from a Biological Activity Enhancement Perspective. Araya-Sibaja, AM; Domínguez-Avila, JA; González-Aguilar, GA; Navarro-Hoyos, M; Salazar-López, NJ; Vega-Baudrit, JR; Wilhelm, K, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a versatile molecule capable of exerting antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, and central nervous system protective effects in an enhanced manner using the possibilities offered by the nanotechnology-based approach. "	( Curcumin Loaded and Co-loaded Nanosystems: A Review from a Biological Activity Enhancement Perspective. Araya-Sibaja, AM; Domínguez-Avila, JA; González-Aguilar, GA; Navarro-Hoyos, M; Salazar-López, NJ; Vega-Baudrit, JR; Wilhelm, K, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological properties, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia, or mode disorders. "	( Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Theranostic Agents in Alzheimer's Disease: The Implication of Nanotechnology. Oh, DH; Rubab, M; Shabbir, U; Tyagi, A, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin (Cur) is a potent antiamyloid, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic natural product that has been used to treat several neurodegenerative diseases, including AD."	( Curcumin-Pluronic Nanoparticles: A Theranostic Nanoformulation for Alzheimer's Disease. Kim, S; Kutscher, HL; Mahajan, SD; Prasad, PN; Singh, A, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that exerts a variety of pharmacological activities and plays an anti-cancer role in many cancer cells. "	( Curcumin Activates ROS Signaling to Promote Pyroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells. Chen, DQ; Gong, YX; Guo, XY; Kwon, T; Li, HF; Li, WL; Liang, WF; Ren, CX; Sun, FL; Sun, HN; Wang, ZY; Xie, DP, )	3.02
"Curcumin is a bioactive food component, with poor bioaccessibility due to low water solubility and stability. "	( On improving bioaccessibility and targeted release of curcumin-whey protein complex microparticles in food. Chen, XD; Ge, F; Selomulya, C; Wang, Y; Woo, MW; Wu, P; Ye, Q, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin is a bioactive component derived from Curcuma longa and well-known for its medicinal property, but it exhibits poor solubility and rapid metabolism, which led to low bioavailability and hence limits its applications."	( Preparation and characterization of nanocurcumin based hybrid virosomes as a drug delivery vehicle with enhanced anticancerous activity and reduced toxicity. Jain, VK; Kumar, R; Kumar, V; Nagpal, S, 2021)	1.61
"Curcumin is a bioactive compound with properties, such as an anticancer obtained from Curcuma longa."	( One Pot Green Synthesis of Doxorubicin and Curcumin Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Studies. Ak, G; Cin, AN; Karakayalı, T; Özel, B; Şanlıer, ŞH, 2021)	1.61
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive compound with several proven pharmacological properties. "	( Evaluation of curcumin-loaded polymeric nanocapsules with different coatings in chick embryo model: influence on angiogenesis, teratogenesis and oxidative stress. de Carvalho, FB; de Gomes, MG; Fidelis, EM; Haas, SE; Munieweg, FR; Oelke, CA; Pinton, S; Ribeiro, ACF; Savall, ASP, 2021)	2.42
"Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity."	( Curcumin Mitigates Hypertension, Endothelial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rats with Chronic Exposure to Lead and Cadmium. Apaijit, K; Kukongviriyapan, U; Kukongviriyapan, V; Pakdeechote, P; Sangartit, W; Tubsakul, A, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising drug in complementary oncology with few side effects but proven efficacy in various adult oncological entities."	( Antitumor effects of curcumin in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma in combination with chemotherapy and phototherapy in vitro. Bortel, N; Ellerkamp, V; Fuchs, J; Schmid, E; Sorg, C, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that exhibits multiple physiological activities. "	( Curcumin promotes AApoAII amyloidosis and peroxisome proliferation in mice by activating the PPARα signaling pathway. Cui, X; Dai, J; Higuchi, K; Huo, J; Igarashi, Y; Kametani, F; Li, Y; Miyahara, H; Mori, M, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound of plant origin."	( The effect of curcumin encapsulation into yeast glucan particles on antioxidant enzyme expression Hanuš, J; Hošek, J; Šalamúnová, P; Treml, J, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin (Cur) is an active ingredient of Curcuma longa. "	( Preparation and evaluation of an injectable curcumin loaded chitosan/hydroxyapatite cement. Hou, X; Jin, H; Long, L; Shi, J; Wu, F; Yang, Z; Zhao, H, 2021)	2.33
"Curcumin is a curcuminoid, which is an active constituent of turmeric and is obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, family Zingiberaceae. "	( Curcumin Loaded Ethosomal Gel for Improved Topical Delivery: Formulation, Characterization and Kumar, B; Manchanda, S; Sahoo, PK, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a well-documented bioactive compound present in Curcuma sp., a tropical, medicinal plant. "	( The Influence of Surface Charge on the Antiviral Effect of Curcumin Loaded in Nanocarrier System. Adi, AC; Hassan, SR; Iskandar, F; Larasati, GP; Nabila, N; Rachmawati, H; Sasmono, RT; Yohan, B, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin is a natural compound with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, among others, that is recently being used as a natural occurring product alternative to traditional drugs."	( Amphiphilic polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and biocompatibility studies. Aguilar, MR; Benito-Garzón, L; Pérez Cano, J; Pontes-Quero, GM; Vázquez-Lasa, B, 2021)	1.6
"Curcumin (Cur), is a pigment with antiproliferative activity but has some pharmacokinetic limitations, which led researchers to look for more effective structure analogs. "	( Dimethoxycurcumin reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis in renal tumor cells more efficiently than demethoxycurcumin and curcumin. Baranoski, A; Biazi, BI; Coatti, GC; Corveloni, AC; Mantovani, MS; Marques, LA; Zanetti, TA, 2021)	2.48
"Curcumin (CU) is a natural polyphenol with excellent pharmacological attributes, but limitations such as poor solubility, acid, and enzyme tolerance have impeded its practical utility."	( A curcumin-sophorolipid nanocomplex inhibits Candida albicans filamentation and biofilm development. Darne, P; Kao, RYT; Neelakantan, P; Prabhune, A; Rajasekar, V; Ramage, G; Samaranayake, L; Solomon, AP, 2021)	2.06
"Curcumin is an active element from the root of curcuma longa with extensive beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibitory effects on cell apoptosis."	( Herbal antioxidants in dialysis patients: a review of potential mechanisms and medical implications. Alirezaei, A; Asgharpour, M, 2021)	1.34
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound that exhibited good anticancer potential against different types of cancers through its multi-targeted effect like the termination of cell proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, thereby acting as antiproliferative and cytotoxic in nature. "	( Focus on Multi-targeted Role of Curcumin: a Boon in Therapeutic Paradigm. Aleya, L; Behl, T; Bungao, S; Grover, M; Sachdeva, M; Setia, D, 2021)	2.35
"Curcumin (CUR) is a symmetrical dicarbonyl compound with antibacterial activity. "	( Antibacterial activity of a new monocarbonyl analog of curcumin MAC 4 is associated with divisome disruption. Ayusso, GM; Campos, DL; Cavalca, LB; Ferreira, H; Marques, BC; Morão, LG; Pavan, FR; Polaquini, CR; Regasini, LO; Rosalen, PL; Sardi, JCO; Scheffers, DJ; Silva, IC, 2021)	2.31
"Curcuminoids are a mixture of compounds containing curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, which have distinct benzene ring substituents."	( [Research progresses in the biosynthesis of curcuminoids]. Han, X; Sun, L; Wang, F; Wang, L; Xin, F, 2021)	1.6
"Curcumin is an anticancer agent, but its clinical applications are impeded due to the poor water solubility and bioavailability."	( Bioconjugated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for targeted prostate cancer therapy. Akanda, M; Douroumis, D; Getti, G; Mithu, MS; Nandi, U, 2021)	1.34
"Curcumin is a compound found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric) with a large repertoire of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. "	( Curcumin promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and their protection against TNF-α through the activation of the nuclear receptor PPAR-γ. Bernardo, A; De Nuccio, C; Minghetti, L; Plumitallo, C; Visentin, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bright yellow chemical produced by Curcuma longa plants."	( Protective effects of curcumin on chemical and drug-induced cardiotoxicity: a review. Hayes, AW; Karimi, G; Yarmohammadi, F, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin is a biomolecule with functional moieties, which contribute to its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. "	( Curcumin, a potent therapeutic nutraceutical and its enhanced delivery and bioaccessibility by pickering emulsions. Diosady, LL; Saffarionpour, S, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound with potent neuroprotective activity. "	( Transferrin-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for curcumin brain delivery. Neves, AR; Pinheiro, M; Queiroz, JF; Reis, S; van der Putten, L, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin (CUR) is a phenolic compound present in some herbs, including Curcuma longa Linn. "	( Curcumin encapsulation in nanostructures for cancer therapy: A 10-year overview. Abrunhosa, L; Alves, TFR; Ataide, JA; Câmara, MCC; Chaud, MV; Costa, JSR; D'Angelo, NA; Jozala, AF; Kurnik, IS; Lopes, AM; Martins, JT; Mazzola, PG; Nascimento, LO; Noronha, MA; Tundisi, LL; Vicente, AA; Vieira, JM, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a promising drug candidate, but its use for dermal application is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility. "	( Dermal Penetration Analysis of Curcumin in an ex vivo Porcine Ear Model Using Epifluorescence Microscopy and Digital Image Processing. Keck, CM; Pelikh, O; Pinnapireddy, SR, 2021)	2.35
"Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally occurring diketone compound, which has attracted widespread attention as a potential anti-inflammatory antioxidant."	( Curcumin Alleviates LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells via the NFE2L2 Signaling Pathway. Fang, H; Fu, Y; Jin, Y; Li, R; Shen, J; Tian, Y; Wang, R; Yu, H; Zhang, J; Zhao, Y, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a lipophilic polyphenol, isolated from the plant turmeric of Curcuma longa. "	( Obesity-Associated Inflammation: Does Curcumin Exert a Beneficial Role? Giovannini, C; Masella, R; Scazzocchio, B; Silenzi, A; Varì, R, 2021)	2.34
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with high anticancer potential against melanoma due to its light absorption properties and toxicity towards cancer cells; however, high reactivity and amphipathic structure of curcumin are limiting its utility."	( Mechanisms of curcumin-based photodynamic therapy and its effects in combination with electroporation: An in vitro and molecular dynamics study. Cierluk, K; Czapor-Irzabek, H; Drąg-Zalesińska, M; Kiełbik, A; Kulbacka, J; Michel, O; Novickij, V; Saczko, J; Szewczyk, A; Szlasa, W; Tarek, M; Zalesińska, A, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin is an herbal metabolite that acts as a chemical inhibitor through the inhibition of tumor cells and the progression of many cancers."	( Ahmadi Nasab, N; Hemmati, K; Hesaraki, S; Nezafati, N, 2021)	1.34
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound derived from the turmeric plant with various biological activities, including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and hypolipidemic properties."	( Impact of curcumin on fatty acid metabolism. Aghili-Moghaddam, NS; Nosrati-Oskouie, M; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.75
"Curcumin is a bright yellow substance isolated from the plant rhizomes of Curcuma longa L."	( Curcumin and cancer biology: Focusing regulatory effects in different signalling pathways. Bhalerao, M; Bhatia, M; Cruz-Martins, N; Kumar, D, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a major component of turmeric with known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects."	( The Effect of Curcumin Supplementation on Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Alidadi, M; Alinezhad-Namaghi, M; Arabi, SM; Eslami, S; Jarahi, L; Nikooiyan, Y; Norouzy, A; Sahebkar, A; Tohidinezhad, F; Vakili, S; Vakilian, F, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol with potential effect in improving NAFLD."	( The Effect of Curcumin Phytosome on the Treatment of Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Abdalla, M; Azimi-Nezhad, M; Dehabeh, M; Hariri, M; Mirhafez, SR; Movahedi, A; Naderan, RD; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.7
"Curcuminis a polyphenol with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, found primarily in turmeric, a flowering plant of the ginger family. "	( Curcumin Can Bind and Interact with CRP: An in silico Study. Barreto, GE; Cabezas, R; Hadizadeh, F; Jamialahmadi, T; Sahebkar, A; Santos, JG; Shakour, N, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a natural compound derived from turmeric with a wide range of biological activities."	( Updated Review on the Role of Curcumin in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Akaberi, M; Emami, SA; Naji, M; Sahebkar, A; Soroudi, S, 2021)	1.63
"Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenol, which has many anticancer properties but its capability in modulating miRNA expression has opened new doors in the field of cancer-targeted therapy."	( Targeting microRNAs by curcumin: implication for cancer therapy. Asemi, Z; Maleki Dana, P; Sadoughi, F; Yousefi, B, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin is a natural compound of turmeric, which inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation. "	( Effects of Curcumin Combined With the 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Dutasteride on LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells. Arai, G; Fukuda, K; Horie, S; Ide, H; Lu, Y; Nakayama, A; Okada, H; Osaka, A; Saito, K; Takei, A, )	1.96
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol and the main compound from the rhizome of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and other Curcuma species. "	( Curcumin and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review of literature. Pourhabibi-Zarandi, F; Rafraf, M; Shojaei-Zarghani, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a natural compound that has been widely used as a food additive and medicine in Asian countries. "	( Curcumin Inhibits Lysophosphatidic Acid Mediated MCP-1 Expression via Blocking ROCK Signalling. Kamato, D; Little, PJ; Xu, S; Zhou, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant with important beneficial properties for health, although its low bioavailability and sensitivity to many environmental agents limits its use in the food industry. "	( Effect of operating parameters on the physical and chemical stability of an oil gelled-in-water emulsified curcumin delivery system. Brito-de la Fuente, E; Martinez-Ferez, A; Ochando-Pulido, JM; Vellido-Perez, JA, 2021)	2.28
"Curcumin is a plant medicinal agent whose diverse pharmacological properties have been extensively investigated and reported, notably its ability to curtail inflammatory damage by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells."	( Curcumin Can Activate the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway and Scavenge Free Radicals in Spinal Cord Injury Treatment. Botchway, BOA; Jin, W; Liu, X, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenol with beneficial effect against obesity and related metabolic disorders, but its precise mechanisms of action remain to be defined due to its limited systemic bioavailability. "	( Curcumin alleviates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and obesity in association with modulation of gut microbiota in mice. Du, M; Li, S; Liu, Y; Wang, B; Wang, Z; You, J; Zou, T, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a bioactive component found"	( The Effects of Curcumin on Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review. Barbalho, SM; Buchaim, DV; Camargo, MEC; Cincotto Dos Santos Bueno, P; Detregiachi, CRP; Girio, RJS; Haber, JFDS; Marton, LT; Pescinini-E-Salzedas, LM; Sinatora, RV, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin (Cur) is a phytoconstituent, which has been demonstrated to have antioxidant effects."	( Protective effects of curcumin on ATO-induced nephrotoxicity in ducks in relation to suppressed autophagy, apoptosis and dyslipidemia by regulating oxidative stress. Hu, L; Huang, R; Jiang, X; Lan, J; Tang, Z; Wan, F; Wu, S; Yu, W; Zhang, X; Zhong, G, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin is an active component of the food spice turmeric and is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potentially neuroprotective properties."	( Movement of prion-like α-synuclein along the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease: A potential target of curcumin treatment. Abrahams, S; Bardien, S; Carr, J; Chetty, D; Kenyon, C; van Coller, R, 2021)	1.56
"Curcumin (CRC) is an effective antipsoriatic drug that is often carried by nanoparticles or liposomes mainly administered via the skin."	( Enhanced transdermal efficiency of curcumin-loaded peptide-modified liposomes for highly effective antipsoriatic therapy. Ding, W; Li, F; Qiu, B; Yang, C; Yu, F; Zhang, Y, 2021)	1.62
"Curcumin is a potential candidate in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit many signalling pathways at the same time of exposure because of its unique content of aromatic ring, B diketone, olefinic linker, and O methoxy phenolic groups. "	( Optimally designed theranostic system based folic acids and chitosan as a promising mucoadhesive delivery system for encapsulating curcumin LbL nano-template against invasiveness of breast cancer. Hanafy, NAN, 2021)	2.27
"Cyclocurcumin is a natural compound extracted from turmeric and showing, in addition to antiinfective, antibacterial, and intinflammatory capabilities, solvent-dependent phtoswitching ability. "	( Losantos, R; Monari, A; Mourer, M; Parant, S; Pasc, A; Pecourneau, J, 2021)	1.14
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive component derived from the turmeric plant "	( Curcumin at Low Doses Potentiates and at High Doses Inhibits ABT-737-Induced Platelet Apoptosis. Gambaryan, S; Jurk, K; Makhoul, S; Panteleev, M; Rukoyatkina, N; Shpakova, V; Sudnitsyna, J, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a kind of anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drug and has been demonstrated to be able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the stimuli of ultrasound (US). "	( Gadolinium-doped hollow silica nanospheres loaded with curcumin for magnetic resonance imaging-guided synergistic cancer sonodynamic-chemotherapy. Guo, X; Liu, Y; Mou, J; Tian, Y; Wang, L; Wu, H; Yang, S, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin is a tantalizing molecule with multifaceted therapeutic potentials. "	( Enhanced efficacy of a Cu Behera, S; Das, S; Gupta, S; Kumar, P; Mukhopadhyay, K; Saha, T, 2021)	2.06
"Curcumin is a bioactive natural compound with a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antitumor activity; however, its clinical application has been limited because of its low solubility, stability, and bioavailability. "	( Solid-phase synthesis of curcumin mimics and their anticancer activity against human pancreatic, prostate, and colorectal cancer cell lines. Agarwal, C; Agarwal, R; Di Fabio, G; Giordano, M; Pagano, R; Romanucci, V; Zarrelli, A, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma that has an important antitumour effect, but its effect on adverse psychological stress-induced tumour proliferation and invasion has not been reported to date. "	( Curcumin inhibits adverse psychological stress-induced proliferation and invasion of glioma cells via down-regulating the ERK/MAPK pathway. Dong, J; Hao, X; Li, X; Tian, W; Wang, P; Wang, Z; Xiao, L; Yan, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenol with antioxidant activity that has been used to protect the health of fish livers. "	( Expression profile of miRNAs involved in the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin against oxidative stress in Nile tilapia. Huang, Y; Li, L; Zhang, Z, 2021)	2.3
"Curcumin is a natural compound with anti-fibrotic activity."	( Curcumin Suppresses TGF-β1-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation and Attenuates Angiogenic Activity of Orbital Fibroblasts. Hwang, WL; Tsai, CC; Wang, YC; Wei, YH; Yu, WK, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a bioactive ingredient found in the Rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Molecular mechanisms underlying curcumin-mediated microRNA regulation in carcinogenesis; Focused on gastrointestinal cancers. Agah, S; Akbari, A; Dehghani, S; Heshmati, J; Pizarro, AB; Rostami, Z; Sedaghat, M; Tabaeian, SP, 2021)	2.35
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural substance extracted from turmeric that has antimicrobial properties. "	( Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin in Nanoformulations: A Comprehensive Review. Mima, EGO; Soares, AB; Trigo-Gutierrez, JK; Vega-Chacón, Y, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin is an active ingredient isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn with remarkably non-toxic bioavailability. "	( Curcumin promotes the proliferation, invasion of neural stem cells and formation of neurospheres via activating SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Chen, Y; Huang, L; Lin, J; Luo, J; Yuan, F; Zhang, X, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric (Curcuma longa), widely used as a treatment strategy to improve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Antagonizing effects of curcumin against mercury-induced autophagic death and trace elements disorder by regulating PI3K/AKT and Nrf2 pathway in the spleen. Li, Q; Li, X; Qi, L; Tang, X; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, C; Zhao, G, 2021)	1.65
"Curcumin is a natural occurring molecule that has aroused much interest among researchers over the years due to its pleiotropic set of biological properties. "	( Applications of Radiolabelled Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry. Asti, M; Carrozza, D; Ferrari, E; Mari, M, 2021)	2.35
"Curcumin (Cur) is an effective alternative to chemotherapeutics because it showed remarkable therapeutic potential in the treatment of NPC."	( Curcumin loaded sub-30 nm targeting therapeutic lipid nanoparticles for synergistically blocking nasopharyngeal cancer growth and metastasis. Li, Q; Liu, N; Lu, L; Luo, H; Yang, X; Zhang, Z, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a polyphenol with antifungal effects that is extracted from Curcuma longa."	( In vitro and in silico analysis reveals antifungal activity and potential targets of curcumin on Paracoccidioides spp. de Almeida Soares, CM; de Carvalho Júnior, MAB; de Oliveira, AA; do Carmo Silva, L; Pereira, M; Rocha, OB, 2021)	1.57
"Curcumin is an active molecule present in turmeric and is the main therapeutic compound. "	( The Effect of Curcumin Supplemsentation on Anthropometric Indices in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Safari, Z; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	2.42
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with lipid-lowering properties."	( The Effect of Curcumin in Improving Lipid Profile in Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Jamialahmadi, T; Rafiee, S; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin acts as an effective anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent in the treatment of various oral diseases."	( The Clinical Use of Curcumin for the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Bagherniya, M; Fakheran, O; Gharibpour, F; Parvaneh, A; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shirban, F, 2021)	1.67
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( The Use of Curcumin for the Treatment of Renal Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Rouhani, MH; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Soleimani, D, 2021)	1.73
"Curcumin (CUR) is an ancient therapeutic agent with remarkable antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin-loaded endodontic reparative material. Aghazadeh, M; Aghazadeh, Z; Alipour, M; Fadakar, S; Mousavi, E; Roshangar, L; Salehi, R; Samadi Kafil, H, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa) exhibiting anticancer potential with minimal adverse effects."	( Curcumin-cisplatin chemotherapy: A novel strategy in promoting chemotherapy efficacy and reducing side effects. Aschner, M; Filosa, R; Hussain, Y; Islam, L; Javed, S; Khan, H, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a diketone compound found in turmeric. "	( Curcumin induced the cell death of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) through caspase-independent and caspase-dependent pathways. Li, QF; Liu, LL; Ren, YJ; Song, W; Yang, HB; Zhao, YY, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin is a known anti-adipogenic agent for alleviating obesity and related disorders. "	( The Demethoxy Derivatives of Curcumin Exhibit Greater Differentiation Suppression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Than Curcumin: A Mechanistic Study of Adipogenesis and Molecular Docking. Alalaiwe, A; Chiu, CH; Fang, JY; Hsu, CY; Lee, HJ, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin is a natural product that is frequently utilized in cancer prevention and treatment. "	( Synchronized spectrofluorimetric determination of ponatinib and curcumin as an effective therapeutic combination in laboratory prepared mixtures and human plasma samples. Aboshabana, R; Belal, F; El Sharkasy, ME; Tolba, MM; Walash, M, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin is a plant-derived agent that has shown interesting properties for cancer therapy."	( Targeting of the tumor microenvironment by curcumin. Fu, X; He, Y; Huang, Z; Li, M; Najafi, M, 2021)	1.61
"Curcumin is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-cancer agent, thus can be applicable in RCC therapy."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis and autophagy inhuman renal cell carcinoma cells via Akt/mTOR suppression. Gong, X; Jiang, L; Li, W; Li, Z; Liang, Q, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol with noticeable neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects that can cross the blood-brain barrier."	( PLGA-Based Curcumin Delivery System: An Interesting Therapeutic Approach in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Koushki, K; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shahbaz, SK, 2022)	1.83
"Curcumin (Cur) is a principal curcuminoid of turmeric and possesses specific protective properties in kidney functions."	( Curcumin Antagonizes Glucose Fluctuation-Induced Renal Injury by Inhibiting Aerobic Glycolysis via the miR-489/LDHA Pathway. Duan, W; Fu, X; Huang, W; Huang, X; Mo, Z; Sang, Z; Zhang, J, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin is a potent natural food-grade antimicrobial compound. "	( Modes of antibacterial action of curcumin under dark and light conditions: A toxicoproteomics approach. Droby, S; Rodov, V; Shlar, I, 2017)	2.18
"Curcumin is a kind of phenolic pigment, which is extracted from herbage and has a plenty of physiological roles in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-tumor."	( Study on the mechanism of AMPK signaling pathway and its effect on apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells by curcumin. Fang, ZY; Li, D; Liu, JS; Xiang, H; Zhang, H; Zhang, YJ, 2017)	1.38
"Curcumin is a natural agent that has ability to dampen tumor cells' growth. "	( Demethoxycurcumin inhibited human epithelia ovarian cancer cells' growth via up-regulating miR-551a. Du, Z; Sha, X, 2017)	2.31
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with promising anticancer properties that undergoes pronounced metabolism in humans. "	( Metabolism of Curcumin in Human Breast Cancer Cells: Impact of Sulfation on Cytotoxicity. Jaerapong, N; Jäger, W; Jamil, QUA; Jarukamjorn, K; Zehl, M, 2017)	2.26
"Curcumin is a potent antitumor agent. "	( Curcumin inhibits prostate cancer by targeting PGK1 in the FOXD3/miR-143 axis. Cao, H; Chen, L; Feng, Y; Liang, F; Yu, H, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a natural plant-derived compound that has attracted a lot of attention for its anti-cancer activities. "	( The functional genomic studies of curcumin. Atanasov, AG; Horbańczuk, J; Huminiecki, L, 2017)	2.18
"Curcumin is an Indian spice with a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities but poor aqueous solubility, rapid degradation, and low bioavailability that affect medical benefits. "	( Potential Eye Drop Based on a Calix[4]arene Nanoassembly for Curcumin Delivery: Enhanced Drug Solubility, Stability, and Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Blanco, AR; Consoli, GML; Cordaro, M; Cunsolo, F; Cuzzocrea, S; Esposito, E; Geraci, C; Granata, G; Paterniti, I, 2017)	2.14
"Curcumin is a well-established cardioprotective phytoconstituent, but the poor bioavailability associated with it is always a matter of therapeutic challenge. "	( Cardioprotective effect of curcumin and piperine combination against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. Bhattacharjee, A; Chakraborty, M; Kamath, JV, )	1.87
"Curcumin is a nutraceutical with multipotent activity but its insolubility in water limits its therapeutic potential as an anti-cancer drug."	( Polyethylenimine-modified curcumin-loaded mesoporus silica nanoparticle (MCM-41) induces cell death in MCF-7 cell line. Gnanakumar, G; Harini, L; Karthikeyan, B; Kathiresan, T; Rajagopal, S; Ross, C; Srivastava, S; Sundar, K; Suresh, SB, 2017)	1.48
"Curcumin is a natural anti-cancer agent that inhibits the metastasis of various cancers by modulating the expression of micro (mi) RNAs such as miR-98, which acts as a tumor suppressor."	( Curcumin Inhibits LIN-28A through the Activation of miRNA-98 in the Lung Cancer Cell Line A549. Chang, JM; Chen, YH; Chong, IW; Hsieh, CC; Huang, WT; Hung, YL; Kuo, HF; Liu, PL; Liu, WL, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has proven to be a potent antitumor agent in both preclinical and clinical models of colorectal cancer (CRC). "	( The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as an antitumor target of synthetic curcuminoids in colorectal cancer. Carney, PR; Depke, MG; Kennedy, GD; Larsen, L; McNally, J; Megna, BW; Nukaya, M; Rosengren, RJ, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin is a potent anti-cancer drug in several types of human cancers. "	( Identification of curcumin-inhibited extracellular matrix receptors in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by RNA sequencing. Hou, Q; Li, H; Li, S; Li, Y; Wu, H; Wu, S; Yang, SY; Zhang, H, 2017)	2.23
"Curcumin is a phytochemical turmeric isolated from root of the Curcuma longa plant."	( Curcumin exerts its tumor suppressive function via inhibition of NEDD4 oncoprotein in glioma cancer cells. Chen, H; Deng, J; Liu, Y; Tang, X; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Yuan, J; Zhou, L, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound, widely acclaimed for its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancerous properties. "	( Synthesis of Curcumin Glycosides with Enhanced Anticancer Properties Using One-Pot Multienzyme Glycosylation Technique. Dhakal, D; Gong, SY; Gurung, RB; Jung, HJ; Jung, NR; Le, TT; Oh, TJ; Sohng, JK, 2017)	2.27
"Curcumin is a popular, plant-derived compound that has been extensively investigated for diverse range of biological activities. "	( Synthesis, evaluation of cytotoxic properties of promising curcumin analogues and investigation of possible molecular mechanisms. Jordan, BC; Kumar, B; Kumar, P; Selvam, C; Thilagavathi, R; Yadhav, A, 2018)	2.17
"Curcumin is a well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory natural compound and in addition to acting as "scavenger" of reactive oxygen species (ROS), it can also upregulates antioxidant enzymes."	( A mechanistic insight into curcumin modulation of the IL-1β secretion and NLRP3 S-glutathionylation induced by needle-like cationic cellulose nanocrystals in myeloid cells. Cerveira, MM; Ckless, K; Elbery, M; Ghenov, F; Guglielmo, A; Sabra, A; Sunasee, R, 2017)	1.47
"Curcumin is an ideal example."	( Development of insulin resistance through sprouting of inflammatory markers during hypoxia in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and amelioration with curcumin. Anupama, N; Anusree, SS; Priyanka, A; Raghu, KG; Raj, PS; Shyni, GL, 2017)	1.38
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic yellow chemical isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa (turmeric), and is a major component of the spice turmeric. "	( Protective effects of curcumin against rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease: in vivo electrophysiological and behavioral study. Badalyan, SA; Chavushyan, VA; Darbinyan, LV; Hambardzumyan, LE; Khalaji, N; Manukyan, LP; Sarkisian, VH; Simonyan, KV, 2017)	2.21
"Curcumin is an effective wound healing agent in burn therapy, but due to its low bioavailability, it is required to be formulated for topical therapy. "	( Evaluation of propylene glycol nanoliposomes containing curcumin on burn wound model in rat: biocompatibility, wound healing, and anti-bacterial effects. Bahador, A; Dehpour, AR; Ghafari, H; Kianvash, N; Nikoui, V; Partoazar, A; Pourhajibagher, M; Rezayat, SM, 2017)	2.14
"Curcumin is a dominating active component of Curcuma longa and has been studied widely because of its prominent biological activities. "	( A New Water-Soluble Nanomicelle Formed through Self-Assembly of Pectin-Curcumin Conjugates: Preparation, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity Evaluation. Bai, F; Cao, J; Diao, J; Liu, Y; Sun, S; Wang, Y; Zhang, H, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol extracted from turmeric, a spice widely used all over the world."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions of curcuminoids with conventional drugs: A review. Bahramsoltani, R; Farzaei, MH; Rahimi, R, 2017)	1.46
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound that exhibits beneficial properties for cardiometabolic health. "	( Curcumin modulates endothelial permeability and monocyte transendothelial migration by affecting endothelial cell dynamics. Barber-Chamoux, N; Bayle, D; Mercier, S; Milenkovic, D; Monfoulet, LE; Morand, C; Tamaian, R, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a promising wound healing agent but its clinical application is limited due to hydrophobicity and lack of stability. "	( Wound healing activity of curcumin conjugated to hyaluronic acid: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Jain, B; Sahu, K; Sharma, M; Singh, SP, 2018)	2.22
"Curcumin is a safe and nontoxic drug that has been reported to be well tolerated."	( Multifunctional Curcumin Mediate Multitherapeutic Effects. Anwar, MN; Lee, YS; Qureshi, M; Shehzad, A, 2017)	1.52
"Curcumin is a promising natural product with anti-proliferative activity, but its effects on cell migration are still unclear."	( Low Doses of Curcuma longa Modulates Cell Migration and Cell-Cell Adhesion. Alves, AM; Bernardi, L; de Campos, PS; Diel, LF; Jesus, LH; Lamers, ML; Matte, BF; Rados, PV, 2017)	1.18
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with evidence of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. "	( Effects of curcumin on short-term spatial and recognition memory, adult neurogenesis and neuroinflammation in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of dementia of Alzheimer's type. Bassani, TB; Bonato, JM; Cóppola-Segovia, V; Moura, ELR; Oliveira, RMMW; Turnes, JM; Vital, MABF; Zanata, SM, 2017)	2.29
"Curcumin is a plant secondary metabolite with outstanding therapeutic effects. "	( Optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of curcumin by engineered Couto, MR; Rodrigues, JL; Rodrigues, LR, 2017)	2.14
"Curcumin is a natural product with enormous biological potential. "	( Curcumin: Synthesis optimization and in silico interaction with cyclin dependent kinase. Abdul Qadir, M; Ahmed, M; Asiri, AM; Hameed, A; Imtiaz Shafiq, M; Muddassar, M; Nadeem Arshad, M, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow polyphenolic compound derived from the plant turmeric. "	( Liposomal curcumin and its application in cancer. Feng, T; Lee, RJ; Wei, Y; Zhao, L, 2017)	2.3
"Curcumin is a major component of phytochemicals that exerts potent anticancer activities."	( Curcumin inhibits bladder cancer stem cells by suppressing Sonic Hedgehog pathway. Kong, X; Li, Y; Ma, J; Qian, W; Wang, D; Yu, D; Zhong, C, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has been suggested to improve several metabolic diseases. "	( Curcuminoids Lower Plasma Leptin Concentrations: A Meta-analysis. Atkin, SL; Derosa, G; Katsiki, N; Maffioli, P; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol extracted from the turmeric rhizome, which has a wide range of biological activities, but until now the effects of curcumin on the gastrointestinal peristalsis have not been fully understood. "	( Curcumin Alleviates the Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders of Mice In Vivo. Guo, ZL; Sun, W; Sun, Y; Xu, WH; Yu, J; Yu, XL, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a natural product with antimutagenic, antitumor, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. "	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin alleviate lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration through regulating the expression of iNOS, COX‑2, TGF‑β1/2, MMP‑9 and BDNF in a rat model. Hou, SX; Hu, Y; Qin, J; Shi, XX; Tang, JS; Wang, XJ; Zhang, TS, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin is a major component of Curcuma longa rhizomes and a powerful medicinal plant that exerts many pharmacological effects."	( Neuroprotective effect of curcumin-I in copper-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in rats: A possible link with Parkinson's disease. Abbaoui, A; Chatoui, H; El Hiba, O; Gamrani, H, 2017)	1.48
"Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties and has been widely used as both an herbal drug and a food additive to treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. "	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin against acetamiprid-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the developing male rat cerebellum: biochemical, histological, and behavioral changes. Annabi, A; Bdiri, Y; Dallagi, Y; Dhouib, IB; Doghri, R; Elgaaied, A; Fazaa, S; Gati, A; Lasram, MM; Marrakchi, R; Rejeb, I, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from turmeric, a traditional Indian spice. "	( Nanoparticle curcumin ameliorates experimental colitis via modulation of gut microbiota and induction of regulatory T cells. Andoh, A; Inatomi, O; Kawahara, M; Nishida, A; Nishino, K; Ohno, M; Sugimoto, M; Sugitani, Y, 2017)	2.27
"Curcumin is a major component of traditional turmeric (Curcuma longa) which has been reported to improve lipid and glucose metabolism and to decrease weight in obese mice."	( Risperidone-induced metabolic dysfunction is attenuated by Curcuma longa extract administration in mice. Auger, F; Bailleul, F; Bordet, R; Duriez, P; Hennebelle, T; Martin, F; Pétrault, O; Samaillie, J; Staels, B; Trabelsi, MS, 2018)	1.2
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma longa plant and has been used extensively in complementary and alternative medicine, as it is nontoxic and safe with various therapeutic properties."	( Curcumin, hemostasis, thrombosis, and coagulation. Bagheri, RK; Johnston, TP; Keihanian, F; Saeidinia, A; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic yellowish diphenolic component of turmeric, which can interact and modulate multiple cell signaling pathways and prevent the development of various autoimmune neurological diseases including MS."	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin for multiple sclerosis. Al-Suhaimi, EA; Qureshi, M; Shehzad, A; Shehzad, O; Wahid, F, 2018)	1.51
"Curcumin is a natural compound isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin sensitizes lymphoma cells to DNA damage agents through regulating Rad51-dependent homologous recombination. Guan, J; Lv, J; Mao, W; Qin, Y; Ren, P; Sun, S; Zhang, C; Zhang, Z; Zhao, Q, 2018)	3.37
"Mitocurcumin is a derivative of curcumin, which has been shown to selectively enter mitochondria. "	( Mitochondrial targeted curcumin exhibits anticancer effects through disruption of mitochondrial redox and modulation of TrxR2 activity. Jayakumar, S; Kutala, VK; Pal, D; Patwardhan, RS; Sandur, SK; Sharma, D; Singh, B, 2017)	1.32
"Curcumin is a well‑known phenolic substance and has many pharmacological effects associated with metabolism. "	( Curcumin suppresses Notch‑1 signaling: Improvements in fatty liver and insulin resistance in rats. Chu, KX; Liao, MJ; Wu, JJ; Zhao, NJ, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a phytochemical with well-known anti-cancer properties."	( Direct regulation of IL-2 by curcumin. Heo, TH; Hwang, DJ; Oh, JG, 2018)	1.49
"Curcumin is a polyphenol natural product isolated from turmeric, interacting with different cellular and molecular targets and, consequently, showing a wide range of pharmacological effects. "	( Curcumin: A natural modulator of immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Abdollahi, E; Esmaeili, SA; Haftcheshmeh, SM; Johnston, TP; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a biologically active dietary polyphenol that has emerged with strong anti-tumor properties that are also documented in breast cancer."	( Curcumin as an Adjunct Therapy and microRNA Modulator in Breast Cancer. Generali, D; Majeed, M; Norouzi, S; Pirro, M; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a multi-functional pharmacologically safe natural agent with proven cytoprotective effects to healthy human cells. "	( Sulfonamides containing curcumin scaffold: Synthesis, characterization, carbonic anhydrase inhibition and molecular docking studies. Ahmed, M; Arshad, MN; Asiri, AM; Hameed, A; Muddassar, M; Qadir, MA, 2018)	2.23
"Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric (Curcuma longa), used as a spice, in food coloring, and as a traditional herbal medicine. "	( Curcumin as a functional food-derived factor: degradation products, metabolites, bioactivity, and future perspectives. Tsuda, T, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol derived from tumeric that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties with effects on adipokine and ghrelin levels. "	( Curcuminoids Plus Piperine Modulate Adipokines in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Atkin, SL; Khalili, N; Majeed, M; Namazi, S; Panahi, Y; Sahebi, E; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a bioactive substance extracted from rhizome of Curcuma longa L."	( Curcumin and Melanoma: From Chemistry to Medicine. Abdollahi, M; Bishayee, A; Daglia, M; Hajheydari, Z; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM; Nagulapalli Venkata, KC; Orhan, IE; Russo, GL; Tedesco, I, )	2.3
"Curcumin is an active constituent of turmeric. "	( Effect of Curcumin on Anthropometric Measures: A Systematic Review on Randomized Clinical Trials. Haghighatdoost, F; Hariri, M, )	1.98
"Curcumin is a well-known anticancer agent, which forms a cluster when reacting with a gold precursor under mild alkali condition."	( Curcumin-Conjugated Gold Clusters for Bioimaging and Anticancer Applications. Arivazhagan, R; Govindaraju, S; Huh, YS; Rengaraj, A; Yun, K, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a well-studied compound that has demonstrated anti-metastatic effects."	( Curcumin Analog CH-5 Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of the Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line HGC-27. Bestetti, RB; Couto, LB; de Andrade, BV; de Castro França, S; Fachin, AL; Garcia, ME; Lucas, TG; Marins, M; Mendes Lourenço, AL; Polaquini, CR; Regasini, LO; Seba, V; Silva, G; Teixeira Lima, F; Torrezan, GS, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural food ingredient with known ability to target microbial cell membrane. "	( Characterization of Interactions between Curcumin and Different Types of Lipid Bilayers by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Lyu, Y; Mondal, J; Narsimhan, G; Xiang, N; Zhu, X, 2018)	2.19
"Curcumin is a phytochemical with promising effects on epilepsy treatment."	( Micronization potentiates curcumin's anti-seizure effect and brings an important advance in epilepsy treatment. Aguiar, GPS; Bertoncello, KT; Oliveira, JV; Siebel, AM, 2018)	1.5
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol isolated from Curcuma longa that has various pharmacological activities, including, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. "	( Anti-Angiogenic Activity of Curcumin in Cancer Therapy: A Narrative Review. Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Shakeri, A; Ward, N, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin, which is an extract from a traditional Chinese medicine, has previously been demonstrated to exhibit an anti‑atherosclerotic effect, which is closely associated with an increase in cholesterol efflux. "	( Curcumin increases cholesterol efflux via heme oxygenase‑1‑mediated ABCA1 and SR‑BI expression in macrophages. Fan, Z; Feng, J; Li, J; Zhong, Y, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that exhibits several biological activities, but its low aqueous solubility results in low bioavailability. "	( Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles from Chitosan and Acylated Rapeseed Cruciferin Protein for Curcumin Delivery. He, R; Ju, X; Udenigwe, CC; Wang, F; Yang, Y, 2018)	2.14
"Curcumin is a colored material extracted from Curcuma longa plant species and is used as an appetizer and for medical purposes."	( Comparison of the Effects of Curcumin Mucoadhesive Paste and Local Corticosteroid on the Treatment of Erosive Oral Lichen Planus Lesions. Arbabi-Kalati, F; Bagheri, S; Hamishehkar, H; Nosratzehi, T, 2018)	1.49
"Curcumin is a bioactive phytochemical that can be utilized as a nutraceutical or pharmaceutical in functional foods, supplements, and medicines. "	( Improving curcumin solubility and bioavailability by encapsulation in saponin-coated curcumin nanoparticles prepared using a simple pH-driven loading method. Li, Z; Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Peng, S; Zou, L, 2018)	2.33
"Curcumin is a powerful anti-oxidant that can be used to treat inflammation and pain in chronic conditions such as osteoarthrosis (OA). "	( Phytoproflex®: supplementary management of osteoarthrosis: a supplement registry. Belcaro, G; Corti, A; Dugall, M; Eggenhoffner, R; Feragalli, B; Ganguly, A; Giacomelli, L; Hosoi, M; Hu, S; Ledda, A; Luzzi, R, 2018)	1.92
"Curcumin (CR) is a natural compound with anti-plasmodial activities and low bioavailability."	( Co-nanoencapsulation of antimalarial drugs increases their in vitro efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum and decreases their toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans. Ávila, DS; da Fonseca, AL; de Castro Dal Forno, AH; Fajardo, AR; Haas, SE; Maciel, TR; Teixeira, FEG; Varotti, FP; Velasques, K, 2018)	1.2
"Curcumin is a natural product derived from turmeric that appears to have cardiovascular benefit through a number of mechanisms."	( Curcumin in heart failure: A choice for complementary therapy? Atkin, SL; Bagheri, RK; Butler, AE; Keihanian, F; Saeidinia, A; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is an effective PS for the photodynamic control of Listeria biofilms and the inactivation efficiency attained with this natural compound is higher than with the porphyrin. "	( Photodynamic inactivation of Listeria innocua biofilms with food-grade photosensitizers: a curcumin-rich extract of Curcuma longa vs commercial curcumin. Almeida, A; Bonifácio, D; Cunha, Â; David, B; Faustino, MAF; Lemos, C; Martins, C; Neves, MGPMS; Pinto, DCGA, 2018)	2.14
"Curcumin (CUR) is a Chinese medicine monomer with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin ameliorated ventilator-induced lung injury in rats. An, X; Bai, C; Bao, C; Li, J; Wang, X; Yang, D, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from turmeric: the rhizome of the herb Curcumalonga. "	( The Polyphenolic Compound Curcumin Conjugation with an Alkyne Moiety in the Process of Autophagy. Chen, X; Chen, Y; Gao, L; Lu, L; Su, D; Sun, X; Wang, J; Wang, X; Yan, P; Zhang, J; Zhou, H, 2018)	2.22
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the herb Curcuma longa, which has been extensively studied in terms of its antitumour, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activity as well as various other effects. "	( Curcumin and its synthetic analogue dimethoxycurcumin differentially modulates antioxidant status of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Aswini, P; Mankadath, G; Sameer Kumar, VB; Simon, E, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural diketone with diverse bioactivities of inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor growth. "	( Dose-reduction antiangiogenic curcumin-low molecular weight heparin nanodrugs for enhanced combinational antitumor therapy. Du, S; Xiao, Y; Xiong, H; Xu, C; Yao, J; Yin, L; Zhou, J, 2018)	2.21
"Curcumin seems to be a good adjuvant in the treatment of head and neck tumors. "	( Effects of Curcumin on Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue: An In Vitro Study. Ardito, F; Giuliani, M; Muzio, LL; Perrone, D; Testa, NF, 2018)	2.31
"Curcumin is a potent anticancer agent and has great potential efficacy against different types of cancers. "	( Physicochemical Characterization of Curcumin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: Implications in Cervical Cancer. Ahmad, I; Khan, MA; Mehdi, SH; Rizvi, MMA; Zafaryab, M, 2018)	2.2
"Curcumin is a natural dietary polyphenol compound that has various pharmacological activities such as antiproliferative and cancer-preventive activities on tumor cells. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the activation of reactive oxygen species-independent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in Smad4 and p53 mutated colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cells. Agarwal, A; Aravind, KB; Balasubramanian, A; Bhaskaran, J; Ganesan, R; Kasinathan, A; Sivalingam, N; Srinivasan, R; Suresh, S, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory natural compound isolated from the turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae) that has been extensively used in a traditional medicine over the centuries."	( Curcumin interacts directly with the Cysteine 259 residue of STAT3 and induces apoptosis in H-Ras transformed human mammary epithelial cells. Bandu, R; Cha, YN; Cho, KC; Choi, BY; Hahn, YI; Han, BW; Kim, DH; Kim, KP; Kim, SJ; Kim, W; Lee, J; Na, HK; Park, JS; Surh, YJ, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a potent antioxidant that works through several mechanisms."	( Possible protective effect of curcumin on the thyroid gland changes induced by sodium fluoride in albino rats: light and electron microscopic study. Abdel-Hakim, SA; Abdelaleem, MM; Abozaid, SMM; El-Tahawy, NFG, 2018)	1.49
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound extracted from Curcuma longa plant, is a molecule with pleiotropic effects that suppresses transformation, proliferation and metastasis of malignant tumors. "	( Paraptosis in human glioblastoma cell line induced by curcumin. Arenas-Huertero, F; Corona, JC; Escobar, ML; Garrido-Armas, M; Hernández-Hernández, A; Ordóñez-Romero, F; Torres, L, 2018)	2.17
"Curcumin (E100) is a natural colorant that, besides conferring color, has bioactivity, serving as an alternative to some artificial colorants. "	( Bioactive evaluation and application of different formulations of the natural colorant curcumin (E100) in a hydrophilic matrix (yogurt). Almeida, HHS; Barreira, JCM; Barreiro, MF; Barros, L; Calhelha, RC; Ferreira, ICFR; Heleno, SA; Leimann, FV; Miranda, CG; Sayer, C, 2018)	2.15
"Curcumin is a biologically active polyphenolic compound found in turmeric."	( Curcumin alleviates ischemia reperfusion-induced late kidney fibrosis through the APPL1/Akt signaling pathway. Fang, H; Hongtao, C; Huihua, P; Jiying, Z; Jun, Z; Youling, F, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is assumed to be a plant-derived therapeutic drug that triggers apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo by affecting different molecular targets such as NF-κB. "	( Curcumin inhibits autocrine growth hormone-mediated invasion and metastasis by targeting NF-κB signaling and polyamine metabolism in breast cancer cells. Arisan, ED; Celik, M; Coker-Gurkan, A; Durdu, ZB; Obakan-Yerlikaya, P; Palavan-Unsal, N; Ugur, M, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a very important, naturally occurring, and highly lipophilic and phenolic substance derived from the rhizomes of plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberaceae (ginger) family, which is mostly used as a curry spice, flavoring agent, insect repellent, coloring agent in food, traditional drug, and ingredient in cosmetics."	( Critical Review on Curcumin as a Therapeutic Agent: From Traditional Herbal Medicine to an Ideal Therapeutic Agent. Akash, MSH; Akbar, MU; Ibrahim, M; Qadir, MI; Rehman, K; Zia, KM, 2018)	1.53
"Curcumin is a well-known natural polyphenolic compound that effectively counteracts oxidation, inflammation, and various types of cancer."	( Curcumin attenuates cerebral ischemia injury in Sprague-Dawley rats and PC12 cells by suppressing overactivated autophagy. Fang, M; Fu, J; Jin, L; Li, J; Liu, K; Shi, N; Sun, Y; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with a long history of use as an herbal remedy, dietary spice, and food-coloring agent. "	( Bidirectional interactions between dietary curcumin and gut microbiota. Ji, HF; Shen, L, 2019)	2.22
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product with established anticancer effects in various human cancers."	( Anti-Cancer and Radio-Sensitizing Effects of Curcumin in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Caraglia, M; Ghasemi, F; Hesari, A; Majeed, M; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	1.46
"Curcumin is an extensively-studied anti-cancer compound, however, its role in affecting cancer metabolism remains poorly understood."	( Curcumin decreases Warburg effect in cancer cells by down-regulating pyruvate kinase M2 via mTOR-HIF1α inhibition. Ali, SM; Ansari, MA; Bamezai, RNK; Chattopadhyay, S; Husain, M; Iqbal, MA; Irshad, R; Mangalhara, K; Padder, RA; Prakasam, G; Rehman, AU; Siddiqui, FA, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with beneficial effects on NAFLD patients and NAFLD is accompanied by metabolism decompensation."	( Curcumin regulates endogenous and exogenous metabolism via Nrf2-FXR-LXR pathway in NAFLD mice. Aa, J; Wang, G; Xie, Y; Yan, C; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is believed to be a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent; therefore, it can prevent the prolonged presence of oxygen free radicals which is a significant factor causing inhabitation of optimum healing process."	( Injectable Nanocurcumin-Formulated Chitosan-g-Pluronic Hydrogel Exhibiting a Great Potential for Burn Treatment. Dang, LH; Doan, VN; Nguyen, TH; Tran, HLB; Tran, NQ, 2018)	1.56
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound with many pharmacological activities including antioxidant, lipid-loweing and liver protective. "	( Dihydrocurcumin ameliorates the lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in oleic acid-induced L02 and HepG2 cells. Chen, Y; Liu, Y; Wu, Y; Yu, Q, 2018)	2.38
"Curcumin is a principal active natural component of turmeric and has long been used in Asia as a traditional herbal medicine."	( Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation and motility via suppression of TROP2 in bladder cancer cells. Bo, J; Chen, H; Dong, L; Huang, Y; Xue, W; Yang, G; Zhang, L; Zhang, R, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a turmeric-contained active ingredient that has been proven to be effective in treating pain and inflammation due to its analgesic as well as anti-inflammation potential. "	( The efficacy of curcumin in managing acute inflammation pain on the post-surgical removal of impacted third molars patients: A randomised controlled trial. Amaliya, A; Cahyanto, A; Diana, H; Maulina, T, 2018)	2.27
"Curcumin is a yellow-orange powder derived from the Curcuma longa plant. "	( Effects of curcumin on NF-κB, AP-1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in hepatitis B virus infection. Abdoli, V; Biglari, H; Ghasemi, F; Hesari, A; Mirzaei, H; Salarinia, R; Tabar Molla Hassan, A, 2018)	2.31
"Curcumin is a phytochemical polyphenol extracted from turmeric rhizome, with multiple biological activities, intensively studied in various therapeutic areas. "	( Correlations between morphological changes induced by curcumin and its biological activities. Botez, EA; Cotrutz, CE; Olinici, D; Onofrei, P; Stoica, BA; Stoica, L, 2018)	2.17
"Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that represents an attractive, safe and inexpensive alternative for the treatment of IBD."	( Is Curcumin a Possibility to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? Barbalho, SM; Frizon, RR; Goulart, RA; Mazieiro, R, 2018)	1.82
"Curcumin is a potential anticancer drug with poor bioavailability, which limits its clinical use as a therapeutic agent. "	( The Curcumin Analog CH-5 Exerts Anticancer Effects in Human Osteosarcoma Cells via Modulation of Transcription Factors p53/Sp1. Baek, SJ; Fachin, AL; Lima, FT; Marins, M; Pinhanelli, VC; Polaquini, CR; Regasini, LO; Seba, V; Silva, G; Torrezan, GS, 2018)	2.48
"Curcumin is a natural pigment that generates singlet oxygen upon light excitation, hence it can be used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. "	( Comparative enhancement of curcumin cytotoxic photodynamic activity by nanoliposomes and gold nanoparticles with pharmacological appraisal in HepG2 cancer cells and Erlich solid tumor model. Abd El Fadeel, DA; El Ghoubary, NM; Fadel, M; Kassab, K; Nasr, M, 2018)	2.22
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring constituent of turmeric that is a good substitute for synthetic medicines for the treatment of different diseases, due to its comparatively safer profile. "	( Pluronic-Based Mixed Polymeric Micelles Enhance the Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin. Akash, MSH; Akbar, MU; Ejaz, SA; Iqbal, J; Nazir, A; Zia, KM, 2018)	2.15
"Curcumin is a widely studied natural compound which has shown tremendous in vitro therapeutic potential. "	( Bioavailable curcumin formulations: A review of pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers. Jamwal, R, 2018)	2.29
"Curcumin (Cur) is a naturally occurring anticancer drug isolated from the "	( Orthogonal self-assembly of an organoplatinum(II) metallacycle and cucurbit[8]uril that delivers curcumin to cancer cells. Datta, S; Lahiri, N; Louie, J; Misra, SK; Pan, D; Saha, ML; Stang, PJ, 2018)	2.14
"Curcumin is an Indian spice with several therapeutic properties: anti-oxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and anti-cancer."	( SWATH-MS based quantitative proteomics analysis reveals that curcumin alters the metabolic enzyme profile of CML cells by affecting the activity of miR-22/IPO7/HIF-1α axis. Alessandro, R; Fontana, S; Monteleone, F; Taverna, S, 2018)	1.44
"Curcumin is a promising anti-cancer agent."	( Heat shock protein 27 influences the anti-cancer effect of curcumin in colon cancer cells through ROS production and autophagy activation. Chang, YJ; Chou, CW; Huang, CY; Huang, MT; Liang, HH; Makondi, PT; Wei, PL, 2018)	1.45
"Curcumin is a nature-derived active molecule demonstrating anti-inflammation efficacy."	( Curcumin Reduces Neuronal Loss and Inhibits the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in an Epileptic Rat Model. Chen, W; He, Q; Hu, Y; Jiang, L; Man, S; Wu, L, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin (Cur) is a polyphenolic compound that is derived from turmeric and has multiple bioactivities, including anti-oxidative and radical-scavenging activities that exert cytoprotection."	( Curcumin attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via suppressing oxidative stress and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by 14-3-3γ. He, H; He, M; Luo, Y; Qiao, Y; Yao, J; Yin, D; You, J; Zhang, Z, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a polyphenol present in the rhizomes of the species Curcuma longa L. "	( Oral administration of powdered dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. (turmeric, Zingiberaceae) is effective in the treatment of doxorubicin-induced kidney injury in rats. Carmona, F; Coimbra, TM; Crevelin, EJ; Facincani, I; Nakazato, KC; Pereira, AMS; Russo, ER, 2018)	1.92
"Ora-Curcumin-S is a polymer-drug complex, which is different than solid dispersions in that the interactions are retained even after dissolving in aqueous buffers."	( Site-directed non-covalent polymer-drug complexes for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Formulation development, characterization and pharmacological evaluation. Ahmad, R; Bakkari, MA; Dachineni, R; Jayarama Bhat, G; Kapur, S; Kesharwani, SS; Rajput, MKS; Singh, AB; Tummala, H; Valiveti, CK, 2018)	0.96
"Curcumin is a bioactive phytochemical that modulates several physiological and cellular processes leading to therapeutic effects against different diseases. "	( Impact of curcumin on sirtuins: A review. Atkin, SL; Butler, AE; Sahebkar, A; Zendedel, E, 2018)	2.33
"Curcumin is a natural product with multiple biological activities and numerous potential therapeutic applications. "	( Effective suppression of the modified PHF6 peptide/1N4R Tau amyloid aggregation by intact curcumin, not its degradation products: Another evidence for the pigment as preventive/therapeutic "functional food". Adibi, H; Akbari, V; Balalaie, S; Bijari, N; Golmohammadi, F; Khodarahmi, R; Moradi, S, 2018)	2.14
"Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from turmeric rhizome and has multiple pharmacological roles. "	( [Relationship between Autophagy and Curcumin-induced Anticancer Effect]. Ding, HR; Li, ZX; Wang, HJ; Xu, JM, 2018)	2.2
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa, being widely used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects."	( Role of curcumin in the management of pathological pain. Braun, C; Cai, XY; Chen, F; Rittner, H; Sun, J; Tian, YK; Ye, DW; Zhou, YQ, 2018)	1.64
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol which has been demonstrated to possess diverse biological activities. "	( Curcumin enhances cisplatin sensitivity of human NSCLC cell lines through influencing Cu-Sp1-CTR1 regulatory loop. Chen, C; He, L; Liu, X; Ren, K; Shi, H; Xu, Y; Zhang, W, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic constituent of turmeric that is known to have various molecular effects in preclinical models, leading to prevention and anticancer properties. "	( Curcumin analogs: Their roles in pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis. Benton, L; Bethi, SR; El-Rayes, BF; Nagaraju, GP; Shoji, M, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is an orange-yellow colored, lipophilic polyphenol substance derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa that is widely used in many countries. "	( The effect of curcumin on the differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle of neural stem cells is mediated through inhibiting autophagy by the modulation of Atg7 and p62. Cai, ZN; Wang, JJ; Wang, JL; Xu, CJ, 2018)	2.28
"Curcumin is a conventional Chinese medicine, which exerts a marked effect on various tumor types and suppresses tumor invasion. "	( Downregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78 enhances the cytotoxic effects of curcumin on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Shi, L; Wang, H; Wen, Y; Yan, L; Yu, X; Zhang, X, 2018)	2.15
"Curcumin LPMPs are a promising inhalable medication for the treatment of IPF."	( Inhalation treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with curcumin large porous microparticles. Hu, Y; Jin, Y; Li, M; Zhang, M, 2018)	1.45
"Curcumin is a natural compound presenting important antitumour activity. "	( Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles improve the antitumour activity of curcumin in a murine melanoma model. Brustolin Ludwig, D; Camargo, LEA; Carletto, B; Favero, GM; Khalil, NM; Mainardes, RM; Tominaga, TT, 2018)	2.16
"Curcumin is a yellow-colored ingredient in dietary spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa Linn). "	( Structural and Biochemical Characterization of the Curcumin-Reducing Activity of CurA from Vibrio vulnificus. Bae, DW; Cha, HJ; Cha, SS; Choi, BM; Choi, S; Clavio, NAB; Jeong, CS; Kim, MK; Lee, JH; Macalino, SJY; Nam, SJ; Park, JB; Park, SB; Zhao, L, 2018)	2.18
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol and a bioactive phytochemical that possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and chemopreventive properties, which make it capable of affecting multiple sites along the stem cell pathways to induce apoptosis in these cells. "	( The molecular mechanisms of curcumin's inhibitory effects on cancer stem cells. Abdollahi, E; Alavizadeh, SH; Korani, M; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Sahebkar, A; Zendehdel, E, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin, is a compound isolated from Curcuma longa, has been reported to inhibit drug efflux in several human cell lines and nonpathogenic budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells that overexpresses the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters S."	( Curcumin potentiates the fungicidal effect of dodecanol by inhibiting drug efflux in wild-type budding yeast. Fujita, KI; Ogita, A; Oyama, M; Tanaka, T; Yamaguchi, Y; Yamawaki, C, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a natural product with several anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuroprotective properties. "	( Curcumin Ameliorates Memory Deficits by Enhancing Lactate Content and MCT2 Expression in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Gan, SW; Huang, J; Huang, SQ; Jiang, XL; Li, Y; Lu, WT; Qiu, GP; Sun, SQ; Xu, J; Xu, SY; Zhuo, F, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a well-documented herbal anti-inflammatory agents."	( Curcumin as an anti-inflammatory agent: Implications to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Farhood, B; Goradel, NH; Khanlarkhani, N; Mortezaee, K; Najafi, M; Nashtaei, MS; Sahebkar, A; Salehi, E, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a principal curcuminoid of turmeric ("	( Bioactivity, Health Benefits, and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Curcumin: Current Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives. Gan, RY; Li, HB; Li, S; Li, Y; Meng, X; Xu, XY, 2018)	2.16
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound produced by some plants, among which Curcuma longa is the reachest in this principal curcuminoid. "	( Formation of aqueous and alcoholic adducts of curcumin during its extraction. Bernacik, K; Dawidowicz, AL; Gil, M; Stankevič, M; Typek, R; Wianowska, D, 2019)	2.21
"Curcumin is a safe and dietary phytochemical that can improve different pathophysiologic features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). "	( Efficacy of phospholipidated curcumin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a clinical study. Kianpour, P; Mohtashami, R; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Soflaei, SS, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with anti-cancer, antiinflammatory, and anti-oxidation properties. "	( Diverse Effects of Different "Protein-Based" Vehicles on the Stability and Bioavailability of Curcumin: Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity In Vitro. Ashrafi-Kooshk, MR; Esmaeili, S; Farzaei, MH; Ghobadi, S; Hosseinzadeh, L; Khodarahmi, R; Mirzaee, F; Zad-Bari, MR, 2019)	2.18
"Curcumin is a major active phenolic component of turmeric and has gained great attention in pharmaceutics due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. "	( Hydrogen peroxide-activatable polymeric prodrug of curcumin for ultrasound imaging and therapy of acute liver failure. Berwin Singh, SV; Hyeon, H; Jung, E; Kang, C; Khang, G; Kim, GW; Lee, D; Noh, J; Yoo, D, 2019)	2.21
"Curcumin is an admired, plant-derived compound that has been extensively investigated for diverse range of biological activities, but the use of this polyphenol is limited due to its instability. "	( Recent Updates in Curcumin Pyrazole and Isoxazole Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Application. Halpani, CG; Mishra, S; Patel, S, 2019)	2.29
"Curcumin is a well-known pharmacophore and some of its derivatives are shown to target xanthine oxidase (XO) to alleviate disorders caused by the excess production of uric acid."	( Dhiman, P; Khatkar, A; Malik, N, 2019)	1.96
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment found in turmeric rhizomes, reported to exhibit various anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, and antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin inhibits the growth via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Liang, B; Wang, JY; Wang, X; Wang, XJ; Wang, Y; Zheng, BZ, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin is a natural product with a broad spectrum of beneficial properties relating to pharmaceutical applications, extending from traditional remedies to modern cosmetics. "	( In-depth synthetic, physicochemical and in vitro biological investigation of a new ternary V(IV) antioxidant material based on curcumin. Halevas, E; Hatzidimitriou, A; Katsipis, G; Litsardakis, G; Mitrikas, G; Pantazaki, A; Papadopoulos, TA; Salifoglou, A; Sanakis, I; Smith, GC; Swanson, CH; Ypsilantis, K, 2019)	2.16
"Curcumin is a nontoxic natural compound with definite antitumor activities, its antitumor effects can be enhanced by preparation of GAMCLCL."	( Antitumor activities of novel glycyrrhetinic acid-modified curcumin-loaded cationic liposomes in vitro and in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Chang, M; Li, H; Wu, M, 2018)	1.45
"Curcumin is a potential anticancer agent for pancreatic cancer."	( Curcumin attenuates hyperglycemia-driven EGF-induced invasive and migratory abilities of pancreatic cancer via suppression of the ERK and AKT pathways. Cao, L; Han, L; Li, W; Ma, Q; Wang, Z; Wu, Z; Xiao, X, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin (CUR), which is a natural component extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, seems to be efficacious in depression treatment."	( Curcumin relieves depressive-like behaviors via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and kynurenine pathway in rats suffering from chronic unpredictable mild stress. Guo, YJ; Han, WX; Jiang, P; Wang, KY; Wen, LP; Yang, MQ; Zhang, WY, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a natural product extracted from Curcuma longa that is known to suppress these pathways and as a result reduces liver ischemia-reperfusion injury."	( Protective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver. Atkin, SL; Barreto, G; Bavarsad, K; Riahi, MM; Saadat, S; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.55
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological activities, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, dementia, or mood disorders. "	( Curcumin intervention for cognitive function in different types of people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lang, F; Mei, X; Xie, YP; Zhang, ZG; Zhu, LN, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin (CUR) is an exogenous antioxidant that may attenuate such OS."	( Effects of Curcumin on the Oxidative Stress Response to a Dual Stress Challenge in Trained Men. Basham, SA; Bloomer, RJ; Butawan, MB; McAllister, MJ; Smith, JW; Waldman, HS, 2020)	1.67
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from Curcumin longa L. "	( Effect of curcumin on glioblastoma cells. Avan, A; Dashtiahangar, M; Fathi, M; Ghasemi, F; Hesari, A; Momeni, F; Rad, JG; Rezaei, M, 2019)	2.36
"Curcumin is an active ingredient possessing anti-inflammatory efficacy."	( Curcumin ameliorates monosodium urate-induced gouty arthritis through Nod-like receptor 3 inflammasome mediation via inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B signaling. He, X; Li, X; Sun, DY; Xiao, DM; Xu, DQ; Zhang, T, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol compound with diverse pharmacological actions including anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, lipid-regulating, antidepressant, and antiarthritic."	( Curcumin as a therapeutic agent in leukemia. Bamian, F; Barreto, GE; Butler, AE; Kouhpeikar, H; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic component of yellow curry spice, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin inhibits heat-induced oxidative stress by activating the MAPK-Nrf2 / ARE signaling pathway in chicken fibroblasts cells. An, L; Ibtisham, F; Li, GH; Nawab, A; Niu, YF; Wang, Z; Wu, J; Xiao, M; Zhao, Y, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin (CUR) is a hydrophobic polyphenol with anti-inflammatory activity. "	( Transdermal delivery of curcumin-loaded supramolecular hydrogels for dermatitis treatment. Feng, R; Song, Z; Wen, Y; Xu, H; Zhou, F; Zhu, L, 2019)	2.26
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol from Curcuma longa L."	( Impact of curcumin on toll-like receptors. Boozari, M; Butler, AE; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.64
"Curcumin is a naturally derived agent that induces apoptosis in a variety of different tumor cell lines."	( Mechanisms of apoptosis modulation by curcumin: Implications for cancer therapy. Farhood, B; Mirtavoos-Mahyari, H; Mortezaee, K; Motevaseli, E; Najafi, M; Rosengren, RJ; Sahebkar, A; Salehi, E, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin is a multifunctional phytochemical that has documented anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. "	( Current evidence and future perspectives for curcumin and its analogues as promising adjuncts to oxaliplatin: state-of-the-art. Atkin, SL; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Zangui, M, 2019)	2.22
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound, which interacts with molecular targets and holds important metabolic properties."	( Impact of curcumin on energy metabolism in HIV infection: A case study. da Silva, TAL; de Andrade, RD; de Medeiros, DC; de Medeiros, GCBS; de Medeiros, JA; Lais, LL; Medeiros, RCSC; Medeiros, RMV; Silva Dantas, PM, 2019)	1.64
"Curcumin is a natural product with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties."	( Curcumin nanoparticles are a promising anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory agent for treating periprosthetic joint infections. Chang, PJ; Chen, PC; Chiang, YC; Huang, TY; Lee, CW; Peng, KT, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a polyphenol natural product of the plant Curcuma longa. "	( Potential therapeutic effect of curcumin, a natural mTOR inhibitor, in tuberous sclerosis complex. Chou, SY; Huang, CC; Huang, NK; Kao, TJ; Kuo, CJ; Lee, YC; Lin, C; Lin, HC; Lo, YC, 2019)	2.24
"Curcumin is a polyphenol dietary derived from turmeric with numerous pharmacological activities."	( Curcumin as a potential modulator of M1 and M2 macrophages: new insights in atherosclerosis therapy. Abdollahi, E; Chaichian, S; Ekhlasi-Hundrieser, M; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Nikfar, B, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is an active ingredient in the turmeric plant, which has low oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Chitosan-based delivery systems for curcumin: A review of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects. Barreto, GE; Fereydouni, N; Johnston, TP; Nemati, S; Saheb, M; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin is an important bioactive component of turmeric that has been widely applied as traditional medicine to prevent and treat various diseases in some countries."	( Curcumin, the golden spice in treating cardiovascular diseases. Barreca, D; Devkota, HP; Li, H; Nabavi, SM; Pittalà, V; Silva, AS; Sureda, A; Tewari, D; Xu, S, )	2.3
"Curcumin (cur) is a well known plant flavonoid with pleiotropic pharmacological activities. "	( Dramatic improvement in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of sustain release curcumin microparticles demonstrated in experimental type 1 diabetes model. Anchi, P; Godugu, C; Khurana, A; Samanthula, G; Swain, D, 2019)	2.18
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that is obtained from "	( Formulations of Curcumin Nanoparticles for Brain Diseases. Caballero-Florán, IH; Cortés, H; Del Prado-Audelo, ML; Florán, B; González-Torres, M; Leyva-Gómez, G; Mendoza-Muñoz, N; Meza-Toledo, JA, 2019)	2.3
"Curcumin is a promising therapeutic agent that exhibits manifold therapeutic activities. "	( Enhancing Curcumin Oral Bioavailability Through Nanoformulations. Devarajan, PV; Dsouza, A; Ipar, VS, 2019)	2.36
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound, isolated from Curcuma longa, and is an important ingredient of Asian foods. "	( Curcumin Induces Neural Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Embryonal Carcinoma Cells through the Activation of Autophagy. Chaicharoenaudomrung, N; Heebkaew, N; Jaroonwitchawan, T; Kunhorm, P; Noisa, P; Promjantuek, W; Rujanapun, N, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with pronounced anticancer properties, despite its low bioavailability caused by extensive glucuronidation and sulfation. "	( Organic anion‑transporting polypeptides contribute to the uptake of curcumin and its main metabolites by human breast cancer cells: Impact on antitumor activity. Jaerapong, N; Jäger, W; Jamil, QA; Jarukomjorn, K; Krupitza, G; Milovanovic, D; Riha, J; Stieger, B, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound produced by some plants, among which Curcuma longa is the reachest in this principal curcuminoid. "	( Feruloyloacetone can be the main curcumin transformation product. Bernacik, K; Dawidowicz, AL; Stankevič, M; Typek, R, 2019)	2.24
"Curcumin is a natural photosensitizer and it has demonstrated its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects that inhibit several signal transduction pathways."	( Vascular Effects of Photodynamic Therapy with Curcumin in a Chorioallantoic Membrane Model. Bagnato, VS; Buzzá, HH; Fialho de Freitas, LC; Kurachi, C; Moriyama, LT; Teixeira Rosa, RG, 2019)	1.49
"And curcumin, which is a polyphenlic compound separated from turmeric, has antitumor effects on various cancers."	( Curcumin suppresses wilms' tumor metastasis by inhibiting RECK methylation. Chen, G; Deng, F; Fu, W; Gao, X; Hu, J; Jia, W; Li, G; Liu, G; Tan, X; Zhu, S, 2019)	2.44
"Curcumin is an active ingredient from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin inhibits liver metastasis of gastric cancer through reducing circulating tumor cells. Gu, X; Zhang, Q; Zhang, W; Zhu, L, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a major component of the spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa), often used in food or as a dietary supplement. "	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and PKPD Modeling of Curcumin in Regulating Antioxidant and Epigenetic Gene Expression in Healthy Human Volunteers. Brunetti, L; Cheng, D; Hudlikar, R; Kong, AN; Li, W; Lin, T; Ondar, P; Poiani, G; Wang, L; Wassef, A, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin, which is a natural polyphenol found in turmeric, can be used in treatment of diabetes complications for its antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties."	( The effects of curcumin supplementation on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum adiponectin, and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Adibian, M; Hedayati, M; Hekmatdoost, A; Hodaei, H; Nikpayam, O; Sohrab, G, 2019)	1.59
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound shown to upregulate antioxidant defenses and directly quench RONS in vivo."	( Effects of Prolonged Dietary Curcumin Exposure on Skeletal Muscle Biochemical and Functional Responses of Aged Male Rats. Atalay, M; Brutsaert, TD; DeRuisseau, KC; Heffernan, KS; Korol, DL; Liang, C; Receno, CN, 2019)	1.53
"Curcumin is a natural diphenolic compound that is currently being investigated for various cancers, including ovarian cancer. "	( Pharmacokinetic Profile of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in Plasma, Ovary, and Other Tissues. Arozal, W; Estuningtyas, A; Fatrin, S; Hartono, G; Instiaty, I; Louisa, M; Purbadi, S; Ramadanty, WT; Satyana, RPU, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin is a natural active constituent of Curcuma longa from Zingiberaceae family that shows many different pharmacological effects such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral effect. "	( Curcumin nanoparticles containing poloxamer or soluplus tailored by high pressure homogenization using antisolvent crystallization. Amini, M; Homayouni, A; Nokhodchi, A; Sohrabi, M; Varshosaz, J, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin, which is a potential antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective compound, exhibits poor bioavailability in brain cells due to its difficulty in crossing the blood⁻brain barrier and its rapid metabolism during circulation, which decreases its efficacy in treating chronic neuroinflammatory diseases in the central nervous system. "	( Antineuroinflammatory Activities and Neurotoxicological Assessment of Curcumin Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on LPS-Stimulated BV-2 Microglia Cell Models. Choi, DK; Ganesan, P; Karthivashan, G; Kim, B; Kim, JS; Ko, YT; Park, S; Ramalaingam, P; Revuri, V, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin is a major constituent of Curcuma longa L. "	( Characterization of curcumin metabolites in rats by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Gao, T; Han, H; Shi, M; Zhang, T, 2019)	2.28
"Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from Curcuma longa."	( Effects of Curcumin on Microglial Cells. Bagheri, H; Barreto, GE; Ghasemi, F; Read, MI; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.63
"Curcumin is a well-known example of plant origin exhibiting promising diverse biological properties such as, anti-inflammatory and antitumor as well as poor pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties. "	( Novel Curcumin Inspired Antineoplastic 1-Sulfonyl-4-Piperidones: Design, Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies. El-Manawaty, MA; Fawzy, NG; Fayad, W; Girgis, AS; Panda, SS; Srour, AM, 2019)	2.44
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural extract from the plant Curcuma longa and part of turmeric, a spice and herbal remedy in traditional medicine. "	( Drug induced micellization into ultra-high capacity and stable curcumin nanoformulations: Physico-chemical characterization and evaluation in 2D and 3D in vitro models. Dandekar, G; Kühnemundt, J; Lübtow, MM; Luxenhofer, R; Nelke, LC; Nietzer, SL; Sahay, G; Seifert, J, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin is a natural herbal product that has been popularly used to treat autoimmune diseases in China; however, its effects on rheumatoid arthritis and its mechanism are not clear. "	( Curcumin attenuates collagen-induced rat arthritis via anti-inflammatory and apoptotic effects. Kuang, N; Li, R; Liu, R; Liu, Y; Shi, Q; Shi, X; Sun, S; Wang, Q; Wang, S; Ye, C; Zeng, X, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is an alkaloid with various pharmacologic properties; numerous investigations have suggested that in the Central Nervous System, Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. "	( Modulation of Biological Activities in Glioblastoma Mediated by Curcumin. Panaro, MA; Porro, C; Prifti, E; Trotta, T, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin is a diphenolic plant compound that is extensively researched for its anticancer properties."	( The suitability of liposomes for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs - A case study with curcumin. Köll-Weber, M; Kolter, M; Süss, R; Wittmann, M, 2019)	1.46
"Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive compound present in many composite prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine together with quercetin (QR) and paeoniflorin (PF). "	( Simultaneous determination of curcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin, quercetin, and paeoniflorin by UHPLC-MS/MS in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Cai, D; Gan, H; Guan, Y; Jiang, F; Lao, B; Liu, X; Wen, D; Yu, W; Zheng, J; Zhong, G, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin is a phytochemical which exhibits significant inhibitory effect in multiple cancers including prostate cancer. "	( Modulation of miR-34a in curcumin-induced antiproliferation of prostate cancer cells. Deng, F; Geng, S; Huang, C; Huang, J; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Zheng, Z; Zhong, C; Zhu, M, 2019)	2.26
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol, which has a variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidative and neuroprotective effects."	( Curcumin as Add-On to Antipsychotic Treatment in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Bergman, J; Bersudsky, Y; Eliyahu, R; Kreinin, A; Kudkaeva, N; Lerner, PP; Lerner, V; Miodownik, C; Pashinian, A, )	2.3
"Curcumin is a safe and tolerable adjunct to FOLFOX chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. "	( Curcumin Combined with FOLFOX Chemotherapy Is Safe and Tolerable in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Randomized Phase IIa Trial. Barber, S; Brown, K; Foreman, N; Gescher, A; Griffin-Teall, N; Howells, LM; Irving, GRB; Iwuji, COO; Morgan, B; Patel, SR; Sidat, Z; Singh, R; Steward, WP; Thomas, AL; Walter, H, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a natural compound derived from the spice, turmeric, that has been extensively reported for its efficacy in controlling or treatment of several inflammatory diseases. "	( Curcumin: a modulator of inflammatory signaling pathways in the immune system. Aliabadi, A; Haftcheshmeh, SM; Kahkhaie, KR; Mirhosseini, A; Mohammadi, A; Mousavi, MJ; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that has a broad spectrum of therapeutic characters, including neuroprotective actions against various neurological diseases. "	( The inhibitory role of curcumin derivatives on AMPA receptor subunits and their effect on the gating biophysical properties. AbuHasan, Q; Al-Kerm, R; Emwas, N; Fares, O; Hamed, O; Jaradat, N; Natsheh, AR; Qneibi, M, 2019)	2.27
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric with significant biological activity including a potential antifibrotic capacity."	( Curcumin induced oxidative stress attenuation by N-acetylcysteine co-treatment: a fibroblast and epithelial cell in-vitro study in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Beuschel, RT; Bui, SN; Cannon, B; Chhina, MK; Ellis, E; Grant, GM; Lemma, M; Liberti, EM; Nathan, SD; Rodriguez, LR, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a plant diphenylheptanoid and has been investigated for its antibacterial activity. "	( Antibacterial activity of 3,3'-dihydroxycurcumin (DHC) is associated with membrane perturbation. Campos, DL; Cavalca, LB; Dilarri, G; Duque, C; Ferreira, H; Morão, LG; Nazaré, AC; Pavan, FR; Pereira, JA; Polaquini, CR; Regasini, LO; Scheffers, DJ; Silva, IC; Torrezan, GS, 2019)	2.22
"Curcumin (CUR) is a prevalent natural compound that can maintain prooxidant/antioxidant balance and thus can help in liver protection; also, Silymarin (SL) is a traditional antioxidant herb, used to treat liver disorders through scavenging free radicals."	( Protective effects of curcumin and silymarin against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Ahmad, MM; Fawzy, A; Rezk, NA; Sabry, M, 2019)	1.55
"Curcumin is a natural product of"	( Evaluating the Anti-cancer Efficacy of a Synthetic Curcumin Analog on Human Melanoma Cells and Its Interaction with Standard Chemotherapeutics. Curran, C; Liang, G; Mehaidli, A; Nguyen, C; Pandey, S; Parashar, K; Pignanelli, C; Sood, S; Vegh, C; Wang, Y; Wu, J, 2019)	1.49
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol compound extracted from the rhizome of turmeric. "	( Role of Autophagy on Heavy Metal-Induced Renal Damage and the Protective Effects of Curcumin in Autophagy and Kidney Preservation. Aparicio-Trejo, OE; Avila-Rojas, SH; Lira-León, A; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Reyes-Fermín, LM, 2019)	2.18
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound derived from the rhizomes of "	( A Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose-Based Solid Dispersion of Curcumin with Enhanced Bioavailability and its Hepatoprotective Activity. Han, YM; Ji, YS; Joung, HJ; Kang, KS; Lee, J; Shin, MS; Yoo, HH; Yu, JS, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin is a botanical constituent displaying potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties without toxic side effects."	( Chemopreventive Effect of Phytosomal Curcumin on Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in A Transgenic Mouse Model. Chang, HY; Hsieh, WC; Jeng, LB; Lin, JH; Su, IJ; Teng, CF; Wu, HC; Wu, TH; Yu, CH, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin is a natural hydrophobic phenolic compound, which possesses a significant anti-inflammatory effect and is used as supportive therapy in the treatment of many inflammatory diseases."	( Curcumin encapsulation in yeast glucan particles promotes its anti-inflammatory potential in vitro. Hanuš, J; Hošek, J; Plavcová, Z; Šalamúnová, P; Saloň, I; Štěpánek, F, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound obtained from the turmeric plant, having numerous promising health benefits. "	( Curcumin Encapsulation in Multilayer Oil-in-Water Emulsion: Synthesis Using Ultrasonication and Studies on Stability and Antioxidant and Release Activities. Carpenter, J; George, S; Saharan, VK, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is a main medicinal constituent of Curcuma longa, has reported for number of biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor."	( Combinational effect of curcumin and metformin against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity: Involvement of antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic pathway. Cao, L; Han, J; Kumar Sah, S; Xie, Y; Zhi, D, 2019)	1.54
"Curcumin is a natural non-toxic phenol which is isolated from Curcumin longa L. "	( Curcumin inhibits NF-kB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in cervical cancer cells. Amiri Moghadam, S; ArefNezhad, R; Avan, A; Banikazemi, Z; Ghasemi, F; Khanbabaei, H; Mirzaei, H; Pourhanifeh, MH; Sahebkar, A; Shafiee, M; Shamshirian, A, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin( Cur) is a natural active substance extracted from the roots or tubers of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. "	( [Effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on bioavailability and brain distribution of curcumin by nasal delivery]. Chen, XY; Fu, TM; Jing, J; Meng, ZP; Su, WQ; Wei, TX; Wu, XX; Zhu, HX, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin is an antiinflammatory molecule, however, due to its lipophilic nature, has the limitation of very low aqueous solubility and degrades rapidly when dispersed in aqueous media. "	( Curcumin-sunflower protein nanoparticles-A potential antiinflammatory agent. Sneharani, AH, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits the complement cascade."	( Curcumin aggravates CNS pathology in experimental systemic lupus erythematosus. Alexander, JJ; Alexander, RR; Foxley, S; Hack, B; Quigg, RJ; Roman, B; Zamora, M, 2013)	2.55
"As curcumin is a pharmacologically safe and cost-effective compound, its use in combination with 5-FU may improve the therapeutic index of 5-FU, if corroborated by in vivo studies and clinical trials."	( Mechanistic evaluation of the signaling events regulating curcumin-mediated chemosensitization of breast cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil. Anto, RJ; Antony, J; Bevin, A; Nair, HH; Narayanan, SS; Puliyappadamba, VT; Saikia, M; Vinod, BS, 2013)	1.15
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic nonflavonoid compound extracted from the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa), a plant commonly used in Indian and Chinese traditional medicine to treat rheumatism, cough, inflammation and wounds. "	( Is there a role for curcumin in the treatment of bipolar disorder? Abílio, VC; Brietzke, E; Carvalho, AF; Cha, DS; Macêdo, DS; Mansur, RB; McIntyre, RS; Zugman, A, 2013)	2.16
"Curcumin (Cur) is a major active component of the food flavor turmeric isolated from the powdered dry rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn., which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to ameliorate intracerebral ischemic damage and reduce brain edema. "	( Curcumin ameliorates the permeability of the blood-brain barrier during hypoxia by upregulating heme oxygenase-1 expression in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Gu, YT; Meng, YN; Qin, GH; Wang, YF; Zhong, L, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is an anti-oxidant and nuclear factor kappa-B inhibitor derived from turmeric."	( Targeted delivery of curcumin for treating type 2 diabetes. Maradana, MR; O'Sullivan, BJ; Thomas, R, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin is a biologically active component of curry powder. "	( Monocarbonyl curcumin analogues: heterocyclic pleiotropic kinase inhibitors that mediate anticancer properties. Brown, A; Liotta, DC; Maddox, C; Moore, TW; Prussia, A; Shi, Q; Shim, H; Snyder, JP; Yoon, Y, 2013)	2.2
"Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric with known anti-inflammatory properties, and its hydrophobic nature restricts its solubility and its bioaccessibility. "	( Binding of curcumin to milk proteins increases after static high pressure treatment of skim milk. Bonomi, F; Brutti, A; Corredig, M; Iametti, S; Miriani, M; Rahimi Yazdi, S, 2013)	2.22
"Curcumin from turmeric is an ingredient in curry powders. "	( Cytotoxic effects of curcumin in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Bringmann, A; Chen, R; Hollborn, M; Kohen, L; Reichenbach, A; Wiedemann, P, 2013)	2.15
"Curcumin is a well-known component of traditional turmeric (Curcuma longa), which has been reported to prevent obesity and diabetes. "	( Curcumin attenuates diet-induced hepatic steatosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Ahn, J; Ha, TY; Hwang, KH; Um, MY, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a bright yellow compound found in Curcuma longa L., a member of the family Zingiberaceae. "	( Effect of curcumin on the increase in hepatic or brain phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide levels in mice after consumption of excessive alcohol. Han, KH; Hong, GE; Lee, CH; Pyun, CW, 2013)	2.23
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic bioactive compound found in the spice turmeric endowed with diverse pharmacological and biological activities. "	( Spectroscopic exploring the affinities, characteristics, and mode of binding interaction of curcumin with DNA. Hu, YJ; Li, PQ; Li, XL; Li, XY; Mi, R; Ouyang, Y, 2013)	2.05
"Curcumin is a promising candidate for a natural medicinal agent to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. "	( Curcumin inhibits CD4(+) T cell activation, but augments CD69 expression and TGF-β1-mediated generation of regulatory T cells at late phase. Han, SH; Jang, MS; Ji, SY; Jung, HJ; Jung, ID; Kim, G; Park, YM; Seo, MJ; Son, YM; Yun, CH, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin (CUR) is a well-known natural compound showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor abilities but characterized by poor bioavailability and chemical instability, which drastically reduce its application in the treatment of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis. "	( Evaluation of monooleine aqueous dispersions as tools for topical administration of curcumin: characterization, in vitro and ex-vivo studies. Caggia, S; Cardile, V; Cortesi, R; Crascì, L; Drechsler, M; Esposito, E; Mariani, P; Offerta, A; Panico, AM; Puglia, C, 2013)	2.06
"Curcumin is believed to be a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent."	( A biodegradable hydrogel system containing curcumin encapsulated in micelles for cutaneous wound healing. Gong, C; Luo, F; Qian, Z; Wang, Y; Wei, Y; Wu, Q; Zhang, D; Zhao, X, 2013)	1.37
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound with impressive antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin attenuates arsenic-induced hepatic injuries and oxidative stress in experimental mice through activation of Nrf2 pathway, promotion of arsenic methylation and urinary excretion. Dong, D; Duan, X; Gao, S; Li, B; Li, X; Liu, D; Sun, G; Wang, X, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin (Cur) is a strong natural antioxidant and is the active component in Curcuma longa; Cur has protective effects against IRI and may regulate the activity of SIRT1."	( SIRT1 activation by curcumin pretreatment attenuates mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Chen, W; Deng, C; Duan, W; Jin, Z; Li, Y; Liang, Z; Lin, Y; Wang, N; Yan, J; Yang, Y; Yi, D; Yi, W; Yu, S; Zhang, S, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin is a well-known topical wound healing agent for both normal and diabetic-impaired wounds."	( Combined effect of PLGA and curcumin on wound healing activity. Chereddy, KK; Coco, R; des Rieux, A; Memvanga, PB; Préat, V; Ucakar, B; Vandermeulen, G, 2013)	1.41
"Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally derived novel anticancer agent but poor solubility limited its clinical use."	( Polymeric mixed micelles for delivery of curcumin to multidrug resistant ovarian cancer. Hussain, MD; Saxena, V, 2013)	1.38
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound which possesses anticancer potential. "	( Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles induce apoptotic cell death through regulation of the function of MDR1 and reactive oxygen species in cisplatin-resistant CAR human oral cancer cells. Chang, PY; Chen, MY; Lee, CY; Lu, CC; Peng, SF; Shieh, TM; Tsai, SC; Tu, MG; Wu, TS; Yang, JS, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties and has been widely used as both an herbal drug and a food additive to treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. "	( Curcumin protects microglia and primary rat cortical neurons against HIV-1 gp120-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Dong, J; Gong, Z; Guo, L; Jiang, M; Lin, L; Pan, R; Wang, J; Xing, Y; Xiong, G, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound isolated as a yellow pigment from turmeric (Curcuma longa)."	( Curcumin protects rat heart mitochondria against anoxia-reoxygenation induced oxidative injury. Guo, P; Wang, T; Xu, P; Yang, B; Yao, Y; Zhang, Z, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product with pluripotent properties including antioxidant activity."	( Curcumin suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Emoto, Y; Kinoshita, Y; Shikata, N; Tsubura, A; Uehara, N; Yoshizawa, K; Yuri, T, )	2.3
"Curcumin (Cur) is a commonly used colouring agent and spice in food. "	( Structure-activity relationship analysis of curcumin analogues on anti-influenza virus activity. Chuang, DY; Hsu, WL; Mizushina, Y; Nadar, M; Ou, JL; Wang, SY, 2013)	2.09
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring molecule with medicinal properties that is unstable in water, whose efficacy as a drug can potentially be enhanced by encapsulation inside a host molecule. "	( Molecular basis of binding and stability of curcumin in diamide-linked γ-cyclodextrin dimers. Huang, DM; Kee, TW; Wallace, SJ, 2013)	2.09
"Curcumin is a major yellow pigment and active component of turmeric widely used as dietary spice and herbal medicine. "	( Curcumin induces autophagy via activating the AMPK signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Bai, C; Bai, L; Dong, C; Guan, C; Hu, C; Jiang, J; Sun, J; Wang, G; Xiao, K, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a yellow-pigment phenolic compound used as a food spice and has a broad spectrum of antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin protection activities against γ-rays-induced molecular and biochemical lesions. Abouelella, AM; Shahein, YE; Tawfik, SS, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is an active ingredient of Curcumin longa, which has been used as a traditional Chinese herb for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases."	( Curcumin protects mice from coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Cai, H; Ge, W; Song, Y; Zhang, H, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin (CUR) is a good antioxidant with limited clinical application because of its hydrophobic nature and limited bioavailability, which can be overcome by the encapsulation of CUR with nanoparticles (NPs)."	( Oral nanoparticulate curcumin combating arsenic-induced oxidative damage in kidney and brain of rats. Kalaivanan, R; Karunakaran, V; Kesavan, M; Sankar, P; Suresh, S; Telang, AG, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological activities. "	( A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of curcumin on blood lipid levels. Sahebkar, A, 2014)	2.06
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric, was found to prevent obesity and diabetes in mouse models."	( Curcumin decreases oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation via AMPK phosphorylation in hepatocarcinoma cells. Choi, JG; Joung, DK; Kang, DG; Kang, OH; Kim, SB; Kwon, DY; Lee, HS; Lee, YM; Mun, SH; Seo, YS, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is a promising AD drug with incompletely defined therapeutic mechanisms."	( Amelioration of β-amyloid-induced cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal axon degeneration by curcumin is associated with suppression of CRMP-2 hyperphosphorylation. Cui, X; Han, B; Li, J; Lou, J; Qiao, N; Wang, Y; Yin, H; Zeng, Z; Zhang, Y, 2013)	1.33
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa rhizome commonly used in Asia as a spice, pigment and additive."	( Renoprotective effect of the antioxidant curcumin: Recent findings. Andérica-Romero, AC; Chirino, YI; Molina-Jijón, E; Pedraza-Chaverrí, J; Tapia, E; Trujillo, J, 2013)	1.38
"Curcumin is an interesting model compound as it forms both intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the crystal."	( Curcumin amorphous solid dispersions: the influence of intra and intermolecular bonding on physical stability. Edgar, KJ; Mauer, LJ; Taylor, LS; Wegiel, LA; Zhao, Y, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic coloring compound originating from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, which is proved to possess antitumor biological activities including reversion of MDR."	( Reversion effects of curcumin on multidrug resistance of MNNG/HOS human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo through regulation of P-glycoprotein. Li, JM; Li, X; Li, YG; Si, M; Tian, JG; Zhao, J, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin is a potential drug for various diseases including cancer. "	( Conjugation of curcumin onto alginate enhances aqueous solubility and stability of curcumin. Dey, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2014)	2.2
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa and shows intrinsic anti-cancer properties. "	( Characterization of CurcuEmulsomes: nanoformulation for enhanced solubility and delivery of curcumin. Küpcü, S; Schuster, B; Sleytr, UB; Ucisik, MH, 2013)	2.05
"Curcumin is a dietary diphenol with antioxidant, antinflammatory, and antitumor activity. "	( Facile synthesis of deuterated and [(14) C]labeled analogs of vanillin and curcumin for use as mechanistic and analytical tools. Gordon, ON; Graham, LA; Schneider, C, 2013)	2.06
"Curcumin is a low-molecular-weight hydrophobic polyphenol that is extracted from turmeric, which possesses a wide range of biological properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-microbial activities. "	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in digestive diseases. Dulbecco, P; Savarino, V, 2013)	2.14
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment found in turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), and is reported, in recent studies, to have several pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour and lipid-lowering properties. "	( Comparison of the effects of curcumin and curcumin glucuronide in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Kimura, F; Kuwahara, S; Miyazawa, T; Nakagawa, K; Shoji, M; Tsuduki, T; Watanabe, A; Yamada, T, 2014)	2.14
"Curcumin is a phytocompound found in the root of turmeric, a common herbal ingredient in many Asian cuisines. "	( Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial. Chuengsamarn, S; Jirawatnotai, S; Phonrat, B; Rattanamongkolgul, S; Tungtrongchitr, R, 2014)	2.08
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound extracted from the plant Curcuma longa L. "	( Short communication: selective cytotoxicity of curcumin on osteosarcoma cells compared to healthy osteoblasts. Chang, R; Sun, L; Webster, TJ, 2014)	2.1
"Curcumin is a bifunctional antioxidant derived from Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin pretreatment induces Nrf2 and an antioxidant response and prevents hemin-induced toxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons of rats. González-Reyes, S; Guzmán-Beltrán, S; Medina-Campos, ON; Pedraza-Chaverri, J, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a well-known dietary polyphenol derived from the rhizomes of turmeric, an Indian spice. "	( Targeting cancer stem cells by curcumin and clinical applications. Li, Y; Zhang, T, 2014)	2.13
"Curcuminoids are a group of compounds with a similar chemical backbone structure but containing different numbers of methoxy groups that have therapeutic potential due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. "	( Differential effects of methoxy group on the interaction of curcuminoids with two major ligand binding sites of human serum albumin. Anraku, M; Chuang, VT; Hirono, S; Ishima, Y; Kadowaki, D; Maruyama, T; Nagumo, K; Otagiri, M; Sato, H; Watanabe, H; Yamaotsu, N; Yamasaki, K, 2014)	2.09
"Curcumin (CUR) is a dietary spice and food colorant (E100). "	( Synthetic versus natural curcumin: bioequivalence in an in vitro oral mucositis model. Aebi, C; Goette, J; Lüer, SC; Troller, R, 2014)	2.15
"Curcumin is a new candidate for anticancer treatment, but its low bioavailability and water solubility represent the main disadvantages of its use."	( Dendrosomal curcumin nanoformulation downregulates pluripotency genes via miR-145 activation in U87MG glioblastoma cells. Babaei, E; Bilia, AR; Isacchi, B; Marra, F; Mowla, SJ; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M; Tahmasebi Mirgani, M, 2014)	1.5
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound traditionally used in Indian medicine."	( Curcumin as a therapeutic agent in dementia: a mini systematic review of human studies. Barale, F; Boldrini, A; Brondino, N; Cuccomarino, A; Lanati, N; Politi, P; Re, S, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin (CUR) is a major naturally-occurring polyphenol of Curcuma species, which is commonly used as a yellow coloring and flavoring agent in foods. "	( Tetrahydrocurcumin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis involving p38 MAPK activation in human breast cancer cells. Cao, HR; Fan, PH; Gao, XM; Kang, N; Lv, YH; Qiu, F; Wang, MM; Wang, YH; Yang, Y; Zhang, ZN, 2014)	2.25
"Curcumin (CC) is a natural substance with strong antioxidant efficacy."	( Protective effect of curcumin against contrast induced nephropathy in rat kidney: what is happening to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis? Bakirci, EM; Buyuklu, M; Kandemir, FM; Ozkaraca, M; Set, T; Topal, E, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin is an active anticancer compound in turmeric and curry."	( Curcumin-induced Aurora-A suppression not only causes mitotic defect and cell cycle arrest but also alters chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs. Cheng, HC; Huang, CY; Huang, GC; Ke, CS; Liu, HS; Su, CL; Yen, CH, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a neuroprotective compound that inhibits the formation of amyloid oligomers and fibrils and binds to β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). "	( Synthesis and evaluation of a (18)F-curcumin derivate for β-amyloid plaque imaging. Forloni, G; Haaparanta-Solin, M; La Ferla, B; Nicotra, F; Rinne, JO; Rokka, J; Salmona, M; Snellman, A; Solin, O; Zona, C, 2014)	2.12
"Curcumin is a multi-targeted anti-cancer agent. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis via simultaneously targeting AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK survival signaling pathways in human leukemia THP-1 cells. Gong, Y; Guo, Y; Lin, J; Shan, Q; Shi, F; Shi, R; Yang, X, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin (Cur) is a hydrophobic polyphenol with diverse pharmacological effects, especially for cancer treatment. "	( Transdermal delivery of the in situ hydrogels of curcumin and its inclusion complexes of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin for melanoma treatment. Du, L; Jin, Y; Li, M; Li, X; Liu, Y; Qian, X; Sun, Y, 2014)	2.1
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound that exhibits strong antioxidant and anticancer activities; however, low bioavailability has restricted its application in chemotherapeutic trials. "	( Novel curcumin analogue IHCH exhibits potent anti‑proliferative effects by inducing autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells. Chen, XB; Sun, GC; Xu, SL; Zhou, GZ, 2014)	2.33
"Curcumin is a biologically active phytochemical presents in turmeric and has pharmacological actions that benefit patients with depression and anxiety."	( The effect of curcumin on the brain-gut axis in rat model of irritable bowel syndrome: involvement of 5-HT-dependent signaling. Li, J; Pan, J; Wang, R; Wu, S; Xie, X; Xu, Y; Yu, X; Yu, Y; Zheng, L, 2015)	1.5
"Curcumin is a principal ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, Curcuma Longa, which possesses a variety of pharmacological activities including pain relief. "	( Antinociceptive effects of curcumin in a rat model of postoperative pain. Li, JX; Ou, Y; Sun, Y; Yun, X; Zhang, W; Zhu, Q, 2014)	2.14
"Curcumin is a polyphenol known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin on redox status, mitochondrial function, and caspace-3 expression during atrazin-induced toxicity. Abo El-Noor, MM; Keshk, WA; Shareef, MM; Soliman, NA; Wahdan, AA, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin is a substance which inhibits IL-1 signaling very early by preventing the recruitment of IL-1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) to the IL-1 receptor."	( Curcumin blocks interleukin-1 signaling in chondrosarcoma cells. Hütten, H; Kalinski, T; Nass, N; Roessner, A; Röpke, M; Sel, S, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound that has been shown to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. "	( Oligoalanine-modified Pluronic-F127 nanocarriers for the delivery of curcumin with enhanced entrapment efficiency. Chu, IM; Hung, WL; Peng, S; Peng, YS, 2014)	2.08
"Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-coloured polyphenolic compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Transformation of curcumin from food additive to multifunctional medicine: nanotechnology bridging the gap. Abdel-Wahab, BA; Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, J; Ahmad, MZ; Akhter, S; Mallick, N; Mohsin, N; Rahman, M; Warsi, MH, 2014)	2.18
"Curcumin (CCM) is a natural polyphenol found in turmeric and isolated from the plant, Curcuma longa."	( In vitro activity of curcumin in combination with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) versus multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Betts, JW; Wareham, DW, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin is a lipophilic molecule with an active ingredient in the herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric. "	( Nanotechnology-applied curcumin for different diseases therapy. Alizadeh, AM; Ashkani-Esfahani, S; Ghalandarlaki, N, 2014)	2.16
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat. "	( Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads. Chambin, O; Loison, P; Nguyen, AT; Wache, Y; Winckler, P, 2014)	2.09
"Curcumin (CC) is an anti-inflammatory local agent, which presents poor ADME properties."	( pH-sensitive nanoparticles for colonic delivery of curcumin in inflammatory bowel disease. Beloqui, A; Coco, R; des Rieux, A; Memvanga, PB; Préat, V; Ucakar, B, 2014)	1.38
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising anticancer agent for various cancer types."	( Anti-cancer activity of curcumin loaded nanoparticles in prostate cancer. Balakrishna, S; Chauhan, N; Chauhan, SC; Ebeling, MC; Ganju, A; Gupta, BK; Jaggi, M; Khan, S; Maher, DM; Sundram, V; Yallapu, MM; Zafar, N, 2014)	1.43
"Curcumin is a highly potent, nontoxic bioactive agent found in turmeric and is known to have significant anticancer properties against different types of cancer cells. "	( Improving the anticancer activity of curcumin using nanocurcumin dispersion in water. Basniwal, RK; Jain, N; Khosla, R, 2014)	2.12
"Curcumin (CUR) is a unique natural compound with promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Targeted nanogel conjugate for improved stability and cellular permeability of curcumin: synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and tumor growth inhibition. Bohling, A; Senanayake, TH; Vinogradov, SV; Wei, X, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin is a phytochemical derived from rhizome of turmeric Curcuma longa, present in the curry spice. "	( Curcumin influences semen quality parameters and reverses the di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular damage in mice. Basta-Kaim, A; Głombik, K; Kubera, M; Sikora-Polaczek, M; Starowicz, G; Styrna, J, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound with impressive antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin ameliorates cognitive deficits heavy ion irradiation-induced learning and memory deficits through enhancing of Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathways. Li, HY; Liu, Y; Xie, Y; Zhang, H; Zhao, QY; Zhou, X, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a well-known multitherapeutic agent widely employed in neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. "	( A validated LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of curcumin in mouse plasma and brain tissue and its application in pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies. Ko, YT; Ramalingam, P, 2014)	2.09
"Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenol that displays antitumor properties. "	( Curcumin homing to the nucleolus: mechanism for initiation of an apoptotic program. Ghosh, M; Ryan, RO, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin is an ideal chemopreventive and antitumor agent characterized by poor bioavailability and low stability. "	( Curcumin and dimethoxycurcumin induced epigenetic changes in leukemia cells. Abdallah, I; Buttolph, T; Carlson, S; Fandy, TE; Glass, KC; Hassan, HE, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a biologically active polyphenol and a yellow pigment extracted from turmeric. "	( Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of the medicinal agent curcumin in diamide linked γ-cyclodextrin dimers. Harada, T; Kee, TW; Lincoln, SF; McTernan, HL; Pham, DT, 2015)	2.09
"Curcumin is a botanical agent derived from the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin inhibits hypoxia inducible factor‑1α‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Chang, Y; Duan, W; Lei, J; Li, R; Li, T; Li, X; Ma, Q; Wu, Y; Xu, Q; Yin, C, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a natural compound obtained from turmeric, and is well known for its pharmacological effects. "	( A kinetic model for curcumin production in Escherichia coli. Machado, D; Rocha, I; Rodrigues, LR, 2014)	2.17
"Curcumin is a promising compound that can be used as a theranostic agent to aid research in Alzheimer's disease. "	( Inhalable curcumin: offering the potential for translation to imaging and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Abdollahian, D; Chekmenev, E; Gore, JC; Jaeger, R; Koktysh, D; McClure, R; Pham, W; Stanwood, G; Stec, D; Tooyama, I; Xhillari, D; Yanagisawa, D, 2015)	2.26
"Curcumin is a natural ingredient exhibiting anti-cancer potential."	( EGF up-regulates miR-31 through the C/EBPβ signal cascade in oral carcinoma. Chang, KW; Kao, SY; Lin, SC; Lu, WC; Tu, HF; Wu, CH; Yang, CC, 2014)	1.12
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol which has many anticancer effects."	( A Comparison between the cytotoxic effects of pure curcumin and curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Akbarzadeh, A; Badrzadeh, F; Milani, M; Rahmati-Yamchi, M; Tabatabaei Mirakabad, FS; Taheri-Anganeh, M; Zarghami, N; Zeighamian, V, 2016)	1.41
"Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow pigment isolated from turmeric ground rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn., which has been identified as an antioxidant agent."	( Protective effects of curcumin and vitamin E against chlorpyrifos-induced lung oxidative damage. Hassani, S; Jaafari, J; Jafari, A; Razavi-Azarkhiavi, K; Rezaee, R; Sepand, MR; Tavakoli, F; Zeinali, M, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin is a naturally derived substance with innate antimicrobial and wound healing properties."	( Curcumin-encapsulated nanoparticles as innovative antimicrobial and wound healing agent. Adler, BL; Cabral, V; Chandra, D; Charafeddine, RA; Clendaniel, A; Doerner, J; Friedman, AJ; Friedman, JM; Gunther, L; Harper, S; Krausz, AE; Liang, H; Navati, M; Nosanchuk, JD, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin is a component of turmeric, the yellow spice derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and caspases activation in human melanoma cells. Jiang, AJ; Jiang, G; Li, LT; Zheng, JN, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin (CR) is a natural polyphenol with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties but its therapeutic potential is substantially hindered by the rather low-water solubility and bioavailability. "	( A new complex of curcumin with sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin: characterization studies and in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic and antioxidant activity on HepG-2 cells. Cutrignelli, A; Denora, N; Fanizza, E; Franco, M; Iacobazzi, RM; Laquintana, V; Lopedota, A; Maggi, V; Perrone, M, 2014)	2.18
"Curcumin was shown to be a strong inhibitor of NF-κB activity and its inhibitory effect on NF-κB related pathways often leads to cellular apoptotic response."	( Curcumin in combined cancer therapy. Kujundzic, RN; Troselj, KG, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound with lipid regulatory, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties that is beneficial in defending against NASH and was recently proved to be an Nrf2 activator."	( Liver injury attenuation by curcumin in a rat NASH model: an Nrf2 activation-mediated effect? Da, W; Li, B; Lu, Q; Wang, L, 2016)	1.45
"Curcumin is a natural active product that has various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory effects. "	( Discovery and evaluation of novel anti-inflammatory derivatives of natural bioactive curcumin. Chen, C; Feng, J; Fu, L; Jiang, X; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Pan, Z; Peng, K; Wang, Z; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin is a diphenolic turmeric that inhibits carcinogenesis and induces apoptosis."	( Prostaglandin E2 reverses curcumin-induced inhibition of survival signal pathways in human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-15) cell lines. Lee, J; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A; Ul Islam, S, 2014)	1.42
"Curcumin is a well-known chemopreventive agent, and apoptosis induction by curcumin has been reported in many cancer cell types."	( Apoptosis induction by an analog of curcumin (BDMC-A) in human laryngeal carcinoma cells through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Banerjea, AC; Coumar, MS; Mohankumar, K; Pajaniradje, S; Periyasamy, L; Rajagopalan, R; Ronsard, L; Selvanesan, BC; Singh, VK; Sridharan, S, 2014)	1.4
"Curcumin is a natural yellow-orange pigment extracted from turmeric and is a potential substitute of health-dangerous artificial dyes. "	( Validation of an Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) technique for the quantitative determination of curcumin in poly(L-lactic acid) nanoparticles. Araújo, PH; Bona, E; Cardozo-Filho, L; Ferro, AC; Gonçalves, OH; Leimann, FV; Silva-Buzanello, RA, 2015)	2.08
"Curcumin is a natural product from Curcuma longa with multiple bioactivities and is known to have cardioprotective effects in several cellular and animal models."	( Curcumin protects hearts from FFA-induced injury by activating Nrf2 and inactivating NF-κB both in vitro and in vivo. Chakrabarti, S; Kanchana, K; Khan, ZA; Liang, G; Wang, J; Wu, L; Zeng, C; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y; Zhong, P, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin is a potent antioxidant agent having versatile biological activities is present in turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa Linn.). "	( Spatial localisation of curcumin and rapid screening of the chemical compositions of turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa Linn.) using Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS). Angawi, RF; Kadi, AA; Rahman, AF, 2015)	2.17
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment isolated from Corcuma longan. "	( Curcumin improves high glucose-induced INS-1 cell insulin resistance via activation of insulin signaling. Du, Y; Gao, Y; Han, M; Song, Z; Wang, H; Wen, Y; Zhu, L, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a dietary antioxidant which shows ameliorative effect on thermal hypersensitivity, however detailed study is lacking."	( Curcumin attenuates CFA induced thermal hyperalgesia by modulation of antioxidant enzymes and down regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Singh, AK; Vinayak, M, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin is a potent natural anticancer agent, but its effectiveness is limited by properties such as very low solubility, high rate of degradation, and low rate of absorption of its hydrophobic molecules in vivo. "	( A novel diblock of copolymer of (monomethoxy poly [ethylene glycol]-oleate) with a small hydrophobic fraction to make stable micelles/polymersomes for curcumin delivery to cancer cells. Erfani-Moghadam, V; Najafi, F; Nomani, A; Sadeghizadeh, M; Yazdani, Y; Zamani, M, 2014)	2.04
"Curcumin is a phenolic product isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and has protective effects on inflammatory diseases. "	( Curcumin attenuated acute Propionibacterium acnes-induced liver injury through inhibition of HMGB1 expression in mice. Gu, Q; Guan, H; Shi, Q; Yang, H; Zhang, Y, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a potent substance with several functions, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antimutagenic, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities."	( Simple analytical strategy for MALDI-TOF-MS and nanoUPLC-MS/MS: quantitating curcumin in food condiments and dietary supplements and screening of acrylamide-induced ROS protein indicators reduced by curcumin. Hsieh, TJ; Huang, YS; Lu, CY, 2015)	1.37
"Curcumin is a major component of the plant Curcuma longa L. "	( Curcumin is a tight-binding inhibitor of the most efficient human daunorubicin reductase--Carbonyl reductase 1. Ebert, B; Hintzpeter, J; Hornung, J; Martin, HJ; Maser, E, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CUR) is a phytochemical that inhibits the xenobiotic ABC efflux transporters implicated in cancer multidrug resistance (MDR), such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins 1 and 5 (MRP1 and MRP5). "	( Heterocyclic cyclohexanone monocarbonyl analogs of curcumin can inhibit the activity of ATP-binding cassette transporters in cancer multidrug resistance. Hawkins, BC; Li, Y; Paxton, JW; Revalde, JL; Rosengren, RJ, 2015)	2.11
"Curcumin is a natural product with several thousand years of heritage. "	( Eliminating the heart from the curcumin molecule: monocarbonyl curcumin mimics (MACs). Kim, YJ; Shetty, D; Shim, H; Snyder, JP, 2014)	2.13
"Curcumin is a dietary anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive agent consisting of two methoxyphenol rings connected by a conjugated heptadienedione chain. "	( Unraveling curcumin degradation: autoxidation proceeds through spiroepoxide and vinylether intermediates en route to the main bicyclopentadione. Gordon, ON; Luis, PB; Schneider, C; Sintim, HO, 2015)	2.25
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol present in the roots of the Curcuma longa plant (turmeric), which possesses antioxidant, antitumorigenic, and antiinflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin ameliorates high glucose-induced neural tube defects by suppressing cellular stress and apoptosis. Reece, EA; Wang, F; Wu, Y; Yang, P, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a secondary plant metabolite present in Curcuma longa L. "	( Thermal stability, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin and its degradation product 4-vinyl guaiacol. Esatbeyoglu, T; Rehberg, C; Rimbach, G; Rohn, S; Ulbrich, K, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin (CCM) is a well-known phytocompound and food component found in the spice turmeric and has multifunctional bioactivities. "	( Effect of curcumin supplementation on physiological fatigue and physical performance in mice. Chen, FA; Chiu, WC; Chuang, HL; Huang, CC; Huang, WC; Lee, ZM; Tang, DW; Wei, L, 2015)	2.26
"Curcumin is a well-known natural product with anti-cancer ability, but is limited by its poor chemical stability."	( ROS generation mediates the anti-cancer effects of WZ35 via activating JNK and ER stress apoptotic pathways in gastric cancer. Chen, W; Guo, G; Huang, Y; Kanchana, K; Liang, G; Wang, Z; Xia, Y; Yang, S; Zhang, J; Zou, P, 2015)	1.14
"Curcumin is a versatile anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent known for its low bioavailability, which could be improved by developing materials capable of binding and releasing drug in a controlled fashion. "	( Magnetic high throughput screening system for the development of nano-sized molecularly imprinted polymers for controlled delivery of curcumin. Abd, BH; Karim, K; Krakowiak, AS; Moczko, E; Parmar, A; Piletska, EV; Piletsky, SA; Pink, DL; Wall, KS; Wharton, L; Whitcombe, MJ, 2015)	2.06
"Curcumin (CUR) is a widely used cancer chemopreventive agent, and it has been used to treat several diseases including cancers."	( Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death via Oct4 inhibition and GSK-3β activation in NCCIT cells. Kim, J; Lee, KM; Nho, CW; Park, YG; Yun, JH, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin is a principal polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from turmeric rhizome, which has been used for treating inflammation of joints, ulcers, jaundice and other disorders in Asian traditional medicine. "	( [Recent advances in curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver diseases]. Peng, ML; Sun, Y, 2014)	2.17
"Curcumin (CCM) is a bioactive polyphenolic compound that suffers a low bioavailability because of its low water solubility. "	( Absorption mechanism of whey-protein-delivered curcumin using Caco-2 cell monolayers. Cui, J; Li, M; Ma, Y; Ngadi, MO, 2015)	2.12
"Curcumin is a natural product from Curcuma Longa with multiple bioactivities."	( A newly designed curcumin analog Y20 mitigates cardiac injury via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions in obese rats. Li, X; Liang, D; Liang, G; Qian, Y; Skibba, M; Wei, T; Wu, L; Xu, Z; Zeng, C; Zhong, P, 2015)	1.48
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound in Curcuma longa with beneficial effects on neuronal protection. "	( Curcumin attenuates glutamate neurotoxicity in the hippocampus by suppression of ER stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a manner dependent on AMPK. Fu, Q; Li, J; Li, S; Li, Y; Liu, B; Ma, S; Wang, X, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that is extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa)."	( [Curcumin add-on therapy for ulcerative colitis]. Gamus, D; Lang, A; Salomon, N, 2015)	2.05
"Curcumin is a diarylheptanoid antitumoral drug while it significantly inhibits cell migration, invasion, and colony formation in vitro and reduces tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo."	( In vitro evaluation of curcumin effects on breast adenocarcinoma 2D and 3D cell cultures. Abuelba, H; Cotrutz, CE; Olinici, D; Petreuş, T; Stoica, BA; Stoica, L, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin is a natural dietary compound with antimicrobial activity against various gram positive and negative bacteria. "	( Comprehensive analysis of temporal alterations in cellular proteome of Bacillus subtilis under curcumin treatment. Chatterjee, A; Dhali, S; Panda, D; Prasad, TS; Ray, S; Reddy, PJ; Sathe, GJ; Sinha, S; Srikanth, R; Srivastava, S, 2015)	2.08
"Curcumin (Cur) is a promising anti-inflammatory agent for various inflammatory disorders."	( Anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in IL-1β transgenic mice subjected to the lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis. Fei, J; Liu, Q; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wang, S; Zhu, R, 2015)	1.43
"Curcumin is a phytochemical with diverse molecular targets and is well known for its anti-tumor potential. "	( Redox nanoparticles inhibit curcumin oxidative degradation and enhance its therapeutic effect on prostate cancer. Nagasaki, Y; Sakharkar, MK; Thangavel, S; Yoshitomi, T, 2015)	2.15
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound abundant in the rhizome of the perennial herb turmeric."	( Curcumin prevents perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced genotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage in rat peripheral blood. Çelik, A; Eke, D, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin (CUR) is a poorly water-soluble drug and its absorption is very low. "	( Curcumin-piperine mixtures in self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for ulcerative colitis therapy. Dai, J; Du, S; Gong, W; Huang, R; Jiang, Q; Li, Q; Liu, L; Wu, Q; Zhai, W, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a natural anti-cancer agent derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa). "	( Inhibition of PI3K signaling triggered apoptotic potential of curcumin which is hindered by Bcl-2 through activation of autophagy in MCF-7 cells. Akkoç, Y; Arısan, ED; Berrak, Ö; Çoker-Gürkan, A; Obakan, P; Palavan-Ünsal, N, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound, which provides neuroprotection against various environmental neurotoxicants and in the cellular and animal models of neurodegenerative disorders."	( Bisphenol-A Mediated Inhibition of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Attenuated by Curcumin via Canonical Wnt Pathway. Agarwal, S; Chaturvedi, RK; Tiwari, SK; Tripathi, A, 2016)	1.39
"Curcumin is a major component of turmeric and reportedly has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. "	( Intrathecal curcumin attenuates pain hypersensitivity and decreases spinal neuroinflammation in rat model of monoarthritis. Cao, S; Chen, JJ; Dai, L; Gao, YJ; Zhao, LX; Zhu, X, 2015)	2.24
"Curcumin is a major constituent of the spice turmeric and has various biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as alcohol detoxification. "	( Colloidal submicron-particle curcumin exhibits high absorption efficiency-a double-blind, 3-way crossover study. Doi, O; Funamoto, M; Hasegawa, K; Hirano, S; Hojo, Y; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, E; Morimoto, T; Okamura, N; Ozawa, H; Shimatsu, A; Sunagawa, Y; Suzuki, H; Takashi, T; Ueno, M; Wada, H; Yokoji, T, 2015)	2.15
"Curcumin is a highly pleiotropic molecule found in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric). "	( Curcumin and cancer: barriers to obtaining a health claim. Devassy, JG; Jones, PJ; Nwachukwu, ID, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is an active ingredient that has been extracted from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin inhibits growth of prostate carcinoma via miR-208-mediated CDKN1A activation. Fu, Q; Guo, H; Xu, Y, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin is a pleiotropic molecule, which not only directly binds to and limits aggregation of the β-sheet conformations of amyloid characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases but also restores homeostasis of the inflammatory system, boosts the heat shock system to enhance clearance of toxic aggregates, scavenges free radicals, chelates iron and induces anti-oxidant response elements."	( Clinical development of curcumin in neurodegenerative disease. Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Hu, S; Jones, MR; Ma, Q; Maiti, P; Zuo, X, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin is a promising chemopreventive agent for several types of cancers."	( Curcumin Suppresses MAPK Pathways to Reverse Tobacco Smoke-induced Gastric Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Mice. Geng, H; Geng, S; Han, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Zhao, L; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin (CUR) is a potential natural anticancer drug with low bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility."	( Lipopolysaccharide based oral nanocarriers for the improvement of bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Khan, G; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2015)	1.35
"Curcumin is a natural product with multiple pharmacological activities, while its clinical application has been limited by the poor chemical stability."	( Selective killing of gastric cancer cells by a small molecule targeting ROS-mediated ER stress activation. Chen, M; Chen, T; Chen, W; Kanchana, K; Liang, G; Wang, Z; Xia, Y; Yang, S; Zhang, J; Zou, P, 2016)	1.16
"Curcumin is a complementary therapy that may be helpful for the treatment of psoriasis due to its anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, antioxidant, and antiproliferative effects. "	( Oral Curcumin (Meriva) Is Effective as an Adjuvant Treatment and Is Able to Reduce IL-22 Serum Levels in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris. Antiga, E; Bonciolini, V; Caproni, M; Del Bianco, E; Volpi, W, 2015)	2.37
"Curcumin is a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa, which exhibits anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) activity, however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. "	( Curcumin inhibits human cytomegalovirus by downregulating heat shock protein 90. Gong, L; Han, F; Liu, H; Liu, L; Lu, X; Lv, Y; Wang, Z, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound extracted from rhizomes of the tropical plant Curcuma longa L. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis and suppresses invasion through MAPK and MMP signaling in human monocytic leukemia SHI-1 cells. Dai, HP; Ji, O; Shen, Q; Zhai, YL; Zhang, Q; Zhu, GH, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic species. "	( Metal complexes of curcumin for cellular imaging, targeting, and photoinduced anticancer activity. Banerjee, S; Chakravarty, AR, 2015)	2.19
"Curcumin is a perspective drug candidate with pleiotropic antineoplastic activity, whose exceptionally low aqueous solubility and poor pharmacokinetic properties have hampered its development beyond the preclinical level. "	( Curcumin loaded pH-sensitive hybrid lipid/block copolymer nanosized drug delivery systems. Drakalska, E; Jelezova, I; Konstantinov, S; Momekov, G; Momekova, D; Pispas, S; Rangelov, S; Shalimova, N, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin is a promising chemopreventive agent for several types of cancers."	( Inhibition of tobacco smoke-induced bladder MAPK activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mice by curcumin. Geng, H; Geng, S; Han, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Zhao, L; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2015)	1.35
"Curcumin is a multifunctional and natural agent considered to be pharmacologically safe. "	( The Stability, Sustained Release and Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Curcumin Nanoliposomes. Chen, X; Liu, CM; Liu, W; Niu, J; Peng, SF; Zou, LQ, 2015)	2.09
"Curcumin is a herbal agent, used in medicine with a wide range of beneficial therapeutic effects."	( Protective effect of curcumin against experimentally induced aflatoxicosis on the renal cortex of adult male albino rats: a histological and immunohisochemical study. El-Mahalaway, AM, 2015)	1.46
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound extracted from ginger plant, turmeric, commonly used in a variety of food coloring and flavoring additives. "	( Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in human osteoclastoma cell through MMP-9, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Cao, F; Feng, S; Liu, T; Xu, D; Xu, Y, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (Cur) is a naturally derived, novel anti-inflammatory agent, but its poor solubility limits its clinical use. "	( Intracellular Uptake of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Activities Superior to Those of Curcumin Through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Geng, Z; Liu, H; Sun, D; Sun, X; Wang, J; Wang, SL; Zhu, R, 2015)	2.17
"Curcumin (CCM) is an important molecule for achieving cancer theranostics because CCM is a naturally-occurring biocompatible material that exhibits both anticancer activity and strong fluorescence property that can be used for bio-imaging. "	( Curcumisome nanovesicles generated by self-assembly of curcumin amphiphiles toward cancer theranostics. Kawakami, J; Kumano, T; Nagahama, K; Oyama, N, 2015)	2.11
"Curcumin is a nontoxic, chemopreventive agent possessing multifaceted functions. "	( Effect of curcumin on the interaction between androgen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin in LNCaP xenografts. Choi, HY; Hong, JH; Lee, G, 2015)	2.26
"Curcumin is a widely known natural phytochemical from plant Curcuma longa. "	( Red Light Combined with Blue Light Irradiation Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Skin Keratinocytes in Combination with Low Concentrations of Curcumin. Cai, Q; Niu, T; Ren, Q; Tian, Y; Wei, L, 2015)	2.06
"Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from root of turmeric and known to possess multifunctional properties, including antibacterial activity. "	( Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Against Periodontopathic Bacteria. Amano, A; Izui, S; Kuboniwa, M; Maeda, K; Nagata, H; Sekine, S; Takada, A, 2016)	2.18
"Curcumin is an active component of the medicinal plant turmeric, which has been reported to have anti‑metastatic activities and induce autophagy in numerous cancer types. "	( Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses migration and invasion of highly metastatic 95D lung cancer cells by regulating E-cadherin and vimentin expression, and inducing autophagy. Gong, L; Tang, C; Wang, H; Xu, J; Yang, H; Zhou, X, 2015)	2.24
"Curcumin is a polyphenol and cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent that induces nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis and decrease in renal tight junction (TJ) proteins. "	( Curcumin prevents cisplatin-induced decrease in the tight and adherens junctions: relation to oxidative stress. Barrera-Oviedo, D; Loredo, ML; Medina-Campos, ON; Molina-Jijón, E; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Pinzón, E; Reyes, JL; Rodríguez-Muñoz, R; Rodríguez-Rangel, DS; Trujillo, J, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin, which is a multi-targeted anticancer agent, has been shown to exert anti‑oxidant, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑mutagenic and anti‑carcinogenic activities."	( Co-treatment of THP-1 cells with naringenin and curcumin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via numerous pathways. Chen, X; Du, X; Li, M; Lou, J; Shi, D; Xu, Y; Zhang, X; Zhuo, J, 2015)	1.39
"Curcumin (1) is a secondary metabolite of turmeric, derived from Curcuma longa L. "	( Curcumin: A Natural Lead for Potential New Drug Candidates. Oliveira, AS; Pinto, M; Sousa, E; Vasconcelos, MH, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CCM) is a natural polyphenolic compound in Curcuma longa that has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects. "	( Evidence for the protective effects of curcumin against oxyhemoglobin-induced injury in rat cortical neurons. Li, X; Lin, Y; Liu, H; Qu, Y; Wang, X; Yang, X; Yue, L; Zhao, L, 2016)	2.15
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol related to the yellow color of turmeric and has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor effect."	( THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF CURCUMIN IN ZYMOSAN-INDUCED MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN MICE. Chen, W; Liu, C; Liu, S; Miao, R; Pang, Q; Song, S; Zhang, J; Zhou, Y, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action and therapeutic spectra similar to that of methotrexate."	( Curcumin and folic acid abrogated methotrexate induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Majumdar, AS; Sankrityayan, H, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is an active component of turmeric, the yellow spice derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, and is widely known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerogenic properties."	( Curcumin induces autophagy, inhibits proliferation and invasion by downregulating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human melanoma cells. Han, X; Li, Z; Ni, J; Qiao, S; Sha, Y; Song, Z; Sun, Z; Zhao, G; Zheng, S, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a natural dietary compound with demonstrated potential in preventing/treating several chronic diseases in animal models. "	( Molecular complexation of curcumin with pH sensitive cationic copolymer enhances the aqueous solubility, stability and bioavailability of curcumin. Bhat, GJ; Kesharwani, SS; Kumar, S; Mathur, H; Tummala, H; Tyagi, M, 2016)	2.18
"Curcumin is a promising nutraceutical for chemoprevention of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). "	( Enhanced Systemic Bioavailability of Curcumin Through Transmucosal Administration of a Novel Microgranular Formulation. Abreo, F; Caldito, G; Christy, HT; Dugas, T; Ekshyyan, O; Khandelwal, A; Latimer, B; Lian, T; Ma, X; McClure, G; McMartin, K; Mehta, V; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CA; Nathan, N; Rong, X; Vanchiere, JA, 2015)	2.13
"Curcumin, which is a major active polyphenol component extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae), has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects on an experimental model of PD."	( Curcumin ameliorates dopaminergic neuronal oxidative damage via activation of the Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Cui, Q; Li, X; Zhu, H, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is an antioxidant agent with both radiosensitizing and radioprotective properties. "	( Effect of Curcumin Supplementation During Radiotherapy on Oxidative Status of Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Double Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Ehtejab, G; Hara, N; Hejazi, E; Hejazi, J; Molana, SH; Rastmanesh, R; Taleban, FA, 2016)	2.28
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic phytochemical compound with several stablished anti-inflammatory properties and is known to exert its anti-inflammatory effects mostly by interrupting NF-κB signaling pathway at multiple stages."	( Molecular mechanisms of curcumins suppressing effects on tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis, focusing on NF-κB pathway. Beiraghdar, F; Darvishi, B; Ghanei, M; Jowzi, N; Panahi, Y; Varnamkhasti, BS, 2016)	1.46
"Curcumin (Cur) is a highly pleiotropic anticancer agent that inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. "	( pH-sensitive micelles based on acid-labile pluronic F68-curcumin conjugates for improved tumor intracellular drug delivery. Chen, MW; Fang, XB; He, CW; Liu, D; Wan, JB; Xie, X; Zhang, JM, 2016)	2.12
"Curcumin is an active herbal ingredient possessing surprisingly wide range of beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. "	( Curcumin shows excellent therapeutic effect on psoriasis in mouse model. Jiang, W; Kang, D; Lai, R; Li, B; Lu, Q; Luo, L; Rong, M, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin (CMN) is a well-known antioxidant but the major problem is its bioavailability."	( Neuroprotective Activity of Curcumin in Combination with Piperine against Quinolinic Acid Induced Neurodegeneration in Rats. Kumar, P; Singh, S, 2016)	1.45
"Curcumin (CUR) is a well-known natural compound, which exhibits excellent anti-cancer potential by regulating many proliferative, oncogenic, and chemo-resistance associated genes/proteins."	( Curcumin Nanoformulation for Cervical Cancer Treatment. Chauhan, N; Chauhan, SC; Gara, RK; Jaggi, M; Khan, S; Kumari, S; Maher, DM; Sikander, M; Yallapu, MM; Zafar, N; Zaman, MS, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB."	( Inhibition of NF-κB translocation by curcumin analogs induces G0/G1 arrest and downregulates thymidylate synthase in colorectal cancer. Alam, A; Belalcazar, A; El-Rayes, BF; Nagaraju, GP; Pattnaik, S; Rajitha, B; Shaib, WL; Shoji, M; Snyder, JP, 2016)	1.43
"Curcumin is a natural product with multiple biological activities and numerous potential therapeutic applications. "	( How does curcumin work with poor bioavailability? Clues from experimental and theoretical studies. An, CY; Ji, HF; Liu, CC; Shen, L, 2016)	2.29
"Curcumin is a natural product with antitumor activity. "	( Curcumin is a biologically active copper chelator with antitumor activity. Chen, C; Chen, H; Ji, P; Li, E; Liu, Y; Shi, H; Tan, RX; Yang, M; Zhang, W, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is an effective and safe anticancer agent, and also known to induce vasodilation, but its hydrophobicity limits its clinical application. "	( Fabrication of biodegradable PEG-PLA nanospheres for solubility, stabilization, and delivery of curcumin. Friedman, JM; Liang, H; Nacharaju, P, 2017)	2.12
"Curcumin is a natural product that is often explored by patients with cancer. "	( The effects of curcumin (diferuloylmethane) on body composition of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Abbruzzese, J; Baracos, VE; Bruera, E; Hong, DS; Kurzrock, R; Parsons, HA, 2016)	2.23
"Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has been widely used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. "	( Curcumin Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Ultrastructural Damage Induced by Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Aksoy, N; Cemil, B; Erdogan, B; Gokce, A; Gokce, EC; Kahveci, R; Kisa, U; Sargon, MF, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a natural compound of Curcuma longa L. "	( Oral bioavailability of curcumin: problems and advancements. Che, FY; Chen, W; Heng, X; Liu, W; Sun, D; Zhai, G; Zhai, Y, 2016)	2.18
"Curcumin is a polyphenol responsible for the bright yellow-orange colour of turmeric, a spice derived from the root of the perennial herb Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin enhances human macrophage control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Bai, A; Bai, X; Chan, ED; Honda, JR; Kinney, WH; Oberley-Deegan, RE; Ovrutsky, AR; Weaver, M; Zhang, G, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and has been proved to have antioxidant and antitumor properties."	( Curcumin downregulates p38 MAPK-dependent X-ray repair cross-complement group 1 (XRCC1) expression to enhance cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cells. Chang, PY; Chen, JC; Chen, WC; Jian, YJ; Liao, KS; Lin, YW; Tung, CL; Wang, TJ; Zheng, HY, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a mixed inhibitor reducing the Vmax of 2DG transport by about half with little effect on the Km."	( Curcumin directly inhibits the transport activity of GLUT1. Alabi, OD; Gunnink, LK; Gunnink, SM; Hamilton, KE; Kuiper, BD; Louters, LL; Schuiteman, SJ; Strohbehn, LE; Wrobel, KE, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation."	( Da0324, an inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB activation, demonstrates selective antitumor activity on human gastric cancer cells. Chen, D; Chen, Q; Du, X; Jin, R; Li, W; Liang, G; Shi, D; Wu, J; Xia, Y; Ye, H; Zhao, C, 2016)	1.16
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with multiple targets that used for the prophylaxis and treatment of some type of cancers like cervical and pancreatic cancers. "	( Design and Synthesis of Curcumin-Like Diarylpentanoid Analogues as Potential Anticancer Agents. Davood, A; Iman, M; Qudjani, E; Ramandi, MF; Shafiee, A, 2016)	2.18
"Curcumin is a potential natural anticancer drug with low oral bioavailability because of poor water solubility. "	( Synthesis, characterization and fluorescent properties of water-soluble glycopolymer bearing curcumin pendant residues. Ba, X; Bai, L; Wang, S; Wu, Y; Yu, M; Zhang, H, 2016)	2.1
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric rhizome, which consists about 2-5% of the total rhizome content and is a more valuable component of turmeric. "	( High performance curcumin subcritical water extraction from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Moghadamnia, AA; Najafpour-Darzi, G; Rahimnejad, M; Valizadeh Kiamahalleh, M, 2016)	2.22
"Curcumin is a dietary natural product with beneficial metabolic effects relevant to the treatment of NAFLD."	( Curcumin Lowers Serum Lipids and Uric Acid in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Jafari, R; Kianpour, P; Mohtashami, R; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Simental-Mendía, LE, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a potential anticancer agent with p-glycoprotein (p-gp) inhibiting activity may be co-administered with docetaxel as a nanosuspension to enhance its anticancer effect by increasing the oral bioavailability and decreasing drug efflux."	( Curcumin-docetaxel co-loaded nanosuspension for enhanced anti-breast cancer activity. Baishya, R; Bharadwaj, R; Das, MK; Dash, S; Hazarika, H; Loying, P; Sahu, BP, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a highly potent nutraceutical associated with various health benefits. "	( Synergistic radical scavenging potency of curcumin-in-β-cyclodextrin-in-nanomagnetoliposomes. Aadinath, W; Anandharamakrishnan, C; Bhushani, A, 2016)	2.14
"Curcumin is a natural dietary product that inhibits NF-κB."	( Novel synthetic curcumin analogs as potent antiangiogenic agents in colorectal cancer. Alam, A; Alese, OB; El-Rayes, BF; Nagaraju, GP; Pattnaik, S; Rajitha, B; Shaib, WL; Shoji, M; Snyder, JP, 2017)	1.52
"Curcumin is a traditional Asian medicine with diverse immunomodulatory properties used therapeutically in the treatment of many autoimmune diseases. "	( Curcumin ameliorates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by diverse immune cells. Duan, RS; Li, H; Liu, Y; Wang, CC; Wang, S; Yue, LT; Zhang, M; Zhang, P, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa, which is used for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. "	( Curcumin Blocks Naproxen-Induced Gastric Antral Ulcerations through Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation and Activation of Enzymatic Scavengers in Rats. Jin, S; Kim, BW; Kim, JH; Kwon, HJ, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is an active ingredient extracted from turmeric and has been demonstrated to ameliorate T2DM and its various complications including DNP effectively."	( Effects of curcumin on sodium currents of dorsal root ganglion neurons in type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain rats. Cao, H; Fan, XF; Gong, YS; Li, J; Meng, B; Shen, LL; Shi, XT, 2015)	1.53
"Curcumin is a natural compound with multi-faceted pharmacological properties, interacting with several neurotransmitter systems and intracellular signaling pathways involved in mood regulation."	( Curcumin in depressive disorders: An overview of potential mechanisms, preclinical and clinical findings. Bastos, CR; Gazal, M; Ghisleni, G; Kaster, MP; Kaufmann, FN, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenol occurring in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Role of microRNAs in the Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin in Non-Cancer Diseases. Banach, M; Derosa, G; Maffioli, P; Momtazi, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2016)	2.13
"Curcumin is a natural compound found in the root of Curcuma longa plant and Ellagic acid a polyphenol found in fruits of strawberries, raspberries and walnuts."	( Curcumin and Ellagic acid synergistically induce ROS generation, DNA damage, p53 accumulation and apoptosis in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. Basu, S; Dandapat, J; Debata, PR; Kumar, D; Manna, S; Parija, L; Rout, D, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological activities."	( Synthetic and Medicinal Prospective of Structurally Modified Curcumins. Kumar, B; Kumar, K; Rawal, RK; Shankar, R; Singh, V, 2017)	1.42
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that shows a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-cancer effects, and only minimal adverse effects have been reported for this phytochemical."	( Curcumin: A new candidate for melanoma therapy? Banikazemi, Z; Mirzaei, H; Mirzaei, HR; Mohammadi, M; Naseri, G; Pawelek, JM; Peyvandi, M; Rezaee, R; Sahebkar, A; Salehi, H, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is an ingredient of turmeric that has antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anticancer properties."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Ischemia-Induced Limb Injury Through Immunomodulation. Chen, L; Li, Z; Liu, Y; Luo, M; Shen, Y; Tan, T; Xie, N; Xie, X, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a drug candidate for AD, being a potent anti-amyloidogenic compound, but the results of clinical trials for it were either negative or inclusive."	( Anti-arrhythmic Medication Propafenone a Potential Drug for Alzheimer's Disease Inhibiting Aggregation of Aβ: In Silico and in Vitro Studies. Chen, YC; Chou, CL; Fang, ST; Huang, SH; Huy, PD; Li, MS; Ngo, ST, 2016)	1.16
"Curcumin is a potential agent for both the prevention and treatment of cancers. "	( Transcriptomic profiling of curcumin-treated human breast stem cells identifies a role for stearoyl-coa desaturase in breast cancer prevention. Colacino, JA; McDermott, SP; Rozek, LS; Sartor, MA; Wicha, MS, 2016)	2.17
"Curcumin is a nutraceutical obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa with a significant medicinal value against numerous disorders. "	( Influence of piperine and quercetin on antidiabetic potential of curcumin. Chintamaneni, M; Invally, M; Kaur, G, 2016)	2.11
"Curcumin (CUM) is a promising agent in complementary oncology. "	( Photodynamic Therapy Potentiates the Effects of Curcumin on Pediatric Epithelial Liver Tumor Cells. Armeanu-Ebinger, S; Bortel, N; Ellerkamp, V; Fuchs, J; Kirchner, B; Schmid, E, 2016)	2.13
"Curcumin, is a polyphenol from Curcuma longa (turmeric plant), is a polyphenol that belongs to the ginger family which has long been used in Ayurveda medicines to treat various diseases such as asthma, anorexia, coughing, hepatic diseases, diabetes, heart diseases, wound healing and Alzheimer's. "	( Curcumin: a Polyphenol with Molecular Targets for Cancer Control. Muhammad, SA; Naqvi, ST; Qadir, MI, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural phenol with powerful antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin has protective and antioxidant properties on bull spermatozoa subjected to induced oxidative stress. Abdramanov, A; Greifová, H; Kováčik, A; Lukáč, N; Paál, D; Tušimová, E; Tvrdá, E, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a bioactive molecule extracted from Turmeric roots that has been recognized to possess a wide variety of important biological activities. "	( Bioavailability of curcumin and curcumin glucuronide in the central nervous system of mice after oral delivery of nano-curcumin. Ciupinski, P; Hu, X; Leon Plata, PA; Liu, Y; Szymusiak, M; Wang, ZJ, 2016)	2.21
"Curcumin seems to be a promising host modulatory agent in periodontal disease pathogenesis regarding IL-17/IL-23 axis, with a decreasing effect on ABL and gingival expressions of IL-17 and RORγt."	( Effect of Curcumin on Systemic T Helper 17 Cell Response; Gingival Expressions of Interleukin-17 and Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γt; and Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis. Bakır, B; Bayram, D; Büyükbayram, Hİ; Candan, IA; Kumbul Doğuç, D; Uskun, E; Yetkin Ay, Z, 2016)	2.28
"Curcumin is a natural dietary polyphenol for which anti-tumor effects have been documented. "	( Curcumin as a MicroRNA Regulator in Cancer: A Review. Johnston, TP; Khatibi, S; Momtazi, AA; Pirro, M; Sahebkar, A; Shahabipour, F, )	3.02
"Curcumin is a well-known diarylheptanoid constituent of turmeric which possesses anticancer effects under both pre-clinical and clinical conditions."	( Molecular targets of curcumin for cancer therapy: an updated review. Bishayee, A; Daglia, M; Kasi, PD; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM; Pazoki-Toroudi, H; Skalicka-Woźniak, K; Tamilselvam, R, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin is a natural phenol compound that has various biological activities, such as anti-proliferative and apoptosis-accelerating impacts on tumor cells."	( Inhibition of Autophagy Enhances Curcumin United light irradiation-induced Oxidative Stress and Tumor Growth Suppression in Human Melanoma Cells. Guo, G; Mei, Z; Niu, T; Tian, Y, 2016)	1.44
"Curcumin is a natural hydrophobic product showing anticancer activity. "	( Y-shaped Folic Acid-Conjugated PEG-PCL Copolymeric Micelles for Delivery of Curcumin. Chu, W; Deng, P; Feng, R; Meng, N; Song, Z; Teng, F; Zhu, W, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic chemopreventive agent isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Quercetin-Decorated Curcumin Liposome Design for Cancer Therapy: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Studies. Maheshwaran, A; Masilamani, K; Ravichandiran, V; Roy, P; Senthilnathan, B; Wong, TW, 2017)	2.22
"Curcumin is a safe and efficient anticancer agent in this context, but its applications in cancer therapy are limited because of its hydrophobic structure and low solubility in water."	( A comparison between PLGA-PEG and NIPAAm-MAA nanocarriers in curcumin delivery for hTERT silencing in lung cancer cell line. Badrzadeh, F; Roointan, A; Sharifi-Rad, J; Sharifi-Rad, M, 2016)	1.4
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound isolated from turmeric ("	( Curcumin Encapsulated into Methoxy Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Nanoparticles Increases Cellular Uptake and Neuroprotective Effect in Glioma Cells. Coutinho, OM; Dias, AC; Franklin, G; Gomes, AF; Marslin, G; Martins, JA; Sarmento, BF; Sárria, MP; Silva, CJ, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a natural, oil-soluble polyphenolic compound with potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. "	( Enhanced Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Phosphatidylcholine Modified with Medium Chain Fatty Acids. Cavazos-Garduño, A; García, HS; Hernández-Becerra, JA; Ochoa-Flores, AA; Sanchez-Otero, MG; Soto-Rodríguez, I; Vernon-Carter, EJ, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin is a natural product with many interesting pharmacological properties. "	( Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability Via the Prodrug Approach: Challenges and Prospects. El-Magboub, A; Haworth, IS; Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, P; Rojsitthisak, P, 2017)	2.25
"Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from the herb Curcumalonga and its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities has been widely studied. "	( Curcumin targets the TFEB-lysosome pathway for induction of autophagy. Jiang, J; Lu, Y; Shen, HM; Wang, J; Wang, L; Xia, D; Xu, J; Zhang, J, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is an effective treatment for experimentally induced allergic rhinitis in rats."	( Can curcumin modulate allergic rhinitis in rats? Acar, M; Ada, S; Berkoz, M; Cengiz, BP; Cingi, C; Karimkhani, H; Muluk, NB; Shojaolsadati, P; Yigitaslan, S, 2016)	2.44
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound isolated from Curcuma longa that is known to exhibit wide ranging biological activity including potential benefits for bone growth. "	( Curcumin eluting nanofibers augment osteogenesis toward phytochemical based bone tissue engineering. Chatterjee, K; Jain, S; Krishna Meka, SR, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol with multiple medicinal effects. "	( Excited-state dynamics of the medicinal pigment curcumin in a hydrogel. Harada, T; Kee, TW; Lincoln, SF, 2016)	2.13
"Curcumin is an anticancer agent that can prevent abnormal cell proliferation."	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic nutraceutical that acts on multiple biological targets, including protein kinase C (PKC). "	( Curcumin Inhibits Protein Kinase Cα Activity by Binding to Its C1 Domain. Das, J; Pany, S; You, Y, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound and the main bioactive constituent of Indian spice turmeric, widely used in Indian and Chinese medicines."	( Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-metastatic Activity of Curcumin. Deng, YI; Rohanizadeh, R; Verron, E, 2016)	1.41
"Curcumin is an antioxidant that has shown nephroprotection in 5/6NX-induced renal damage."	( Curcumin prevents mitochondrial dynamics disturbances in early 5/6 nephrectomy: Relation to oxidative stress and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Aparicio-Trejo, OE; Cristóbal, M; García-Arroyo, FE; Hernández-Pando, R; León-Contreras, JC; Macías-Ruvalcaba, NA; Medina-Campos, ON; Molina-Jijón, E; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Sánchez-Lozada, LG; Tapia, E, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a natural compound with effective anti-cancer properties."	( Co-delivery of curcumin and STAT3 siRNA using deformable cationic liposomes to treat skin cancer. Jose, A; Labala, S; Venuganti, VV, 2017)	1.53
"Curcumin is a substance obtained from the root of the turmeric plant, which has the feature of being a yellow or orange pigment. "	( Curcumin (Turmeric) and cancer. Dogukan Kalenderoglu, M; Kirca, O; Nayir, E; Ozdogan, M; Unlu, A, )	3.02
"Curcumin is an important antioxidant compound, and is widely reported as an effective component for reducing complications of many diseases. "	( Studies to reveal the nature of interactions between catalase and curcumin using computational methods and optical techniques. Ghadari, R; Mofidi Najjar, F; Moosavi-Movahedi, AA; Safari, N; Sheibani, N; Sheikhhasani, V; Yousefi, R, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin is a novel drug for lung cancer treatment. "	( Curcumin increases exosomal TCF21 thus suppressing exosome-induced lung cancer. Chen, B; Liu, J; Mu, Z; Wu, D; Wu, H; Xie, Y; Ye, Y; Zeng, C; Zhou, J, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin is a widely studied polyphenolic compound which has a variety of biological activity as anti-inflammatory and antitumor drugs. "	( Study on the interaction between curcumin and CopC by spectroscopic and docking methods. Song, Z; Wang, S; Yang, B; Yuan, W; Zhang, C; Zhu, R, 2017)	2.18
"Curcumin, is a yellow substance extracted from Curcuma longa rhizomes, it is a crystalline compound that has been traditionally applied in culinary practices and medicines in India. "	( Cardioprotective effects of curcumin-loaded magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite (nanocurcumin) against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rat cardiomyocyte cell lines. Eatemadi, A; Namdari, M, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenol compound with a potent anticancer activity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA)."	( Long-Circulating Curcumin-Loaded Liposome Formulations with High Incorporation Efficiency, Stability and Anticancer Activity towards Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines In Vitro. Filipczak, N; Gubernator, J; Janicka, M; Mahmud, M; Piwoni, A, 2016)	1.5
"Curcumin is a promising molecule for the prevention and treatment of cancer."	( Anticancer Activity of Curcumin and Its Analogues: Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Allegra, A; Alonci, A; Gerace, D; Innao, V; Musolino, C; Russo, S, 2017)	1.49
"Curcumin is an herbal polyphenol extensively investigated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidaemic properties. "	( Curcumin as a potential candidate for treating hyperlipidemia: A review of cellular and metabolic mechanisms. Ahmadi, Y; Johnston, TP; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Teymouri, M, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical from the rhizoma of Curcuma longa, the popular Indian spice that exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiviral activities. "	( A comprehensive approach to ascertain the binding mode of curcumin with DNA. Aparna, P; Dileep, KV; Haris, P; Mary, V; Sudarsanakumar, C, 2017)	2.14
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol isolated from Curcuma longa that has gained considerable interest over the last decades due to its beneficial effects for human health. "	( Curcumin: A potentially powerful tool to reverse cisplatin-induced toxicity. Momtazi, AA; Monemi, A; Rezaee, R; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin (Cur) is a promising photosensitizer that could be used in photodynamic therapy. "	( Enhanced photocytotoxicity of curcumin delivered by solid lipid nanoparticles. He, X; Jiang, S; Qian, Y; Wang, J; Wang, M; Wang, S; Zhu, R, )	1.86
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol from turmeric with numerous pharmacological activities. "	( Therapeutic effects of curcumin in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases: A nature-made jack-of-all-trades? Abdollahi, E; Johnston, TP; Momtazi, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	2.23
"Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenol that is documented to have promising anticancer activity, and to be well tolerated in humans."	( Curcumin and Lung Cancer: the Role of microRNAs. Lelli, D; Majeed, M; Pedone, C; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a natural molecule with proved anticancer efficacy on several human cancer cell lines. "	( Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers To Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Augello, G; Azzolina, A; Bachvarov, D; Bondì, ML; Botto, C; Cavallaro, G; Cervello, M; Craparo, EF; Di Gaudio, F; Emma, MR, 2017)	2.14
"Curcumin (Cur) is a yellow-orange polyphenol existing in turmeric, which is predominantly used as spice and food coloring agent."	( κ-Carrageenan: An effective drug carrier to deliver curcumin in cancer cells and to induce apoptosis. Balasubramanian, S; Gajendiran, M; Gunasekaran, P; Madhan, B; Nagaraj, S; Rengasamy, R; Sathuvan, M; Thangam, R; Vivek, R, 2017)	1.43
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound that has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic and antimicrobial effects. "	( The detection of curcumins' antitumoral effects via argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region-associated protein synthesis in mice with ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma. Bircan, D; Eroz, R; Ertekin, T; Nisari, M; Ulger, H; Yilmaz, S, 2017)	2.24
"Curcumin is a traditional Chinese herbal monomer extracted from Zingiberaceae turmeric and zedoary turmeric and has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects."	( In vitro antioxidant effect of curcumin on human sperm quality in leucocytospermia. Cai, ZM; Diao, RY; Duan, YG; Yi, TH; Zhang, L, 2017)	1.46
"Curcumin is a biologically active ingredient abundantly present in the ground rhizomes of Curcuma longa with a wide range of bioactive properties, including antitumor effects. "	( Curcumin inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation and invasion of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells via downregulating Notch1. Shao, Y; Wang, D; Wang, Z; Zhang, J; Zhang, K; Zhu, Y, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising drug candidate based on its broad bioactivities and good antitumor effect, but the application of CUR is potentially restricted because of its poor solubility and bioavailability."	( High drug payload curcumin nanosuspensions stabilized by mPEG-DSPE and SPC: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Hong, J; Kuang, H; Liao, Y; Liu, Y; Su, W; Wang, X; Xiao, Y; Yang, X; Zhang, M, 2017)	2.23
"Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol with lipid-modifying, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Efficacy and Safety of Phytosomal Curcumin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Jafari, R; Kianpour, P; Mohtashami, R; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Simental-Mendía, LE, 2017)	1.46
"Curcumin (CUR) is a "multifunctional drug"."	( Curcumin blocks autophagy and activates apoptosis of malignant mesothelioma cell lines and increases the survival of mice intraperitoneally transplanted with a malignant mesothelioma cell line. Bei, R; Benvenuto, M; De Feudis, G; De Smaele, E; Di Stefano, E; Fantini, M; Giganti, MG; Masuelli, L; Mattera, R; Modesti, A; Tresoldi, I, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a natural compound derived from Curcuma longa L."	( Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Lelli, D; Pedone, C; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a major diarylheptanoid component of "	( Curcumin Alters Neural Plasticity and Viability of Intact Hippocampal Circuits and Attenuates Behavioral Despair and COX-2 Expression in Chronically Stressed Rats. Choi, GY; Choi, JY; Hwang, ES; Kim, HB; Kim, MJ; Kim, SS; Lee, S; Lee, SO; Park, JH, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a nontoxic organic compound with multifaceted chemopreventive potential."	( Combinatorial effect of curcumin with docetaxel modulates apoptotic and cell survival molecules in prostate cancer. Banerjee, S; Chowdhury, I; Lillard, JW; Singh, R; Singh, SK, 2017)	1.48
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant that is isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa) and exhibits strong free radical scavenging activity, thus functional for anti-aging. "	( Curcumin-functionalized silk biomaterials for anti-aging utility. Guo, S; Kaplan, DL; Li, G; Liu, M; Liu, Y; Qian, C; Wang, X; Wu, J; Yang, L; Zheng, Z, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin is a well-known natural product with anticancer ability, however, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles have limited its application in anticancer therapy."	( Curcumin analog L48H37 induces apoptosis through ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and STAT3 pathways in human lung cancer cells. Dai, X; Feng, C; Hu, J; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Pan, J; Ruan, Y; Shen, M; Xia, Y; Ying, S; Zhuge, W; Zou, P, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a poorly water-soluble drug, and its oral bioavailability is very low. "	( Fabrication of a Soybean Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) Nanodelivery Carrier To Improve Bioavailability of Curcumin. Cheng, F; Liu, C; Yang, X, 2017)	2.11
"Curcumin is a polyphenol and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects."	( TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 expressions, responsible for disparity in action of curcumin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Barua, CC; Kumar, P; Mundhe, N; Sulakhiya, K, 2017)	1.41
"Curcumin is a well-established anticancer agent in vitro but its efficacy is yet to be proven in clinical trials."	( Curcumin Nanotechnologies and Its Anticancer Activity. Narala, VR; Panati, K; Subramani, PA, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin is a polyphenol, found in the spice turmeric, that has promising anticancer properties, but previous studies suggest that absorption of curcumin may be limited."	( Pharmacokinetics of curcumin conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects. Brenner, DE; Crowell, JA; Djuric, Z; Kakarala, M; Normolle, DP; Ruffin, MT; Vareed, SK, 2008)	2.11
"Curcumin is a natural product undergoing evaluation for the treatment of chronic inflammation, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)."	( Curcumin inhibits VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells through COX-2 and MAPK inhibition. Binion, DG; Otterson, MF; Rafiee, P, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa. "	( New mechanisms and therapeutic potential of curcumin for colorectal cancer. Alarcón de la Lastra, C; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S; Villegas, I, 2008)	2.05
"Curcumin (CUR) is a major component of a dietary spice derived from the roots of Curcuma longa. "	( Differential effects of curcumin on cryopreserved versus fresh primary human hepatocytes. Alexandre, E; Bachellier, P; Berry, D; Dennison, A; Illouz, S; Mark, L; Pattenden, C; Richert, L; Webb, M, 2008)	2.1
"Curcumin is a phytophenolic compound, which is highly efficacious for treating several inflammatory diseases. "	( Curcumin prevents and reverses cirrhosis induced by bile duct obstruction or CCl4 in rats: role of TGF-beta modulation and oxidative stress. Moreno, MG; Muriel, P; Reyes-Gordillo, K; Segovia, J; Shibayama, M; Tsutsumi, V; Vergara, P, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin is a major active principle of Curcuma longa, one of the widely used preparations in the Indian system of medicine. "	( Antidepressant activity of curcumin: involvement of serotonin and dopamine system. Bhutani, MK; Bishnoi, M; Kulkarni, SK, 2008)	2.09
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic derogate extracted from spice turmeric, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activities. "	( Curcumin diminishes human osteoclastogenesis by inhibition of the signalosome-associated I kappaB kinase. Fleissner, C; Heider, U; Jakob, C; Kaiser, M; Krebbel, H; Kuckelkorn, U; Sezer, O; Terpos, E; von Metzler, I, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a homodimer of feruloylmethane containing a methoxy group and a hydroxyl group, a heptadiene with two Michael acceptors, and an alpha,beta-diketone."	( Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature. Aggarwal, BB; Anand, P; Harikumar, KB; Kunnumakkara, AB; Misra, K; Priyadarsini, IK; Rajasekharan, KN; Sundaram, C; Sung, B; Tharakan, ST; Thomas, SG, 2008)	1.37
"Curcumin is a nontoxic natural product with diverse pharmacological potencies. "	( Molecular interactions of isoxazolcurcumin with human serum albumin: spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. Dasgupta, S; Ghosh, KS; Sahoo, BK, 2009)	2.07
"Curcumin is a natural product currently in human clinical trials for a variety of neoplastic, preneoplastic, and inflammatory conditions. "	( Curcumin, a cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent, is a biologically active iron chelator. D'Agostino, R; Di, X; Hatcher, H; Jiao, Y; Knovich, MA; Kock, ND; Torti, FM; Torti, SV; Wang, W; Wilkinson, J, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a multi-functional and pharmacologically safe natural agent. "	( An in vitro study of liposomal curcumin: stability, toxicity and biological activity in human lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B-cells. Burke, TG; Chen, C; Gedaly, R; Jeon, H; Johnston, TD; McHugh, PP; Ranjan, D, 2009)	2.08
"Curcumin is a phytochemical characterized by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin protects Leydig cells of mice from damage induced by chronic alcohol administration. Giambelluca, MA; Giannessi, F; Grasso, L; Ruffoli, R; Scavuzzo, MC, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory agent that is known to have anti-cox-2 activity."	( Proteomics-based approach to elucidate the mechanism of antitumor effect of curcumin in cervical cancer. Flowers, L; Horowitz, I; Kowalski, K; Logan, S; Madden, K; Mohammed, SI; Salani, R; Xie, J, 2009)	1.3
"Curcumin is a widely-used dietary supplement and a chemopreventive agent for various cancers. "	( Age-related differential responses to curcumin-induced apoptosis during the initiation of colon cancer in rats. Kwon, Y; Magnuson, BA, 2009)	2.07
"Curcumin is a poorly water-soluble drug and its oral bioavailability is very low. "	( Enhancement of oral absorption of curcumin by self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems. Cui, J; Li, H; Lou, H; Yu, B; Zhai, G; Zhao, Y; Zhu, W, 2009)	2.07
"Curcumin acts as an anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative agent by causing down regulation of COX-2, iNOS and cyclin D1 in all the three cell lines but to different extent."	( Molecular mechanism of curcumin induced cytotoxicity in human cervical carcinoma cells. Singh, M; Singh, N, 2009)	1.38
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the dietary spice turmeric. "	( Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin treatment on murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Allam, G, 2009)	2.09
"Curcumin is reported to be a potent inhibitor of the initiation and promotion of many cancer cells. "	( Curcumin-induced DNA damage and inhibited DNA repair genes expressions in mouse-rat hybrid retina ganglion cells (N18). Chen, YL; Chiang, JH; Chung, JG; Hsu, SC; Hsueh, SC; Lai, KC; Lo, C; Lu, CC; Lu, HF; Yang, JS; Yang, MD, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a phenolic natural product isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (tumeric). "	( Modulation of in vitro murine B-lymphocyte response by curcumin. Barros de Arruda, L; Cambier, JC; Chagas, KK; Decoté-Ricardo, D; Lopes, UG; Peçanha, LM; Redner, P; Rocha, JD, 2009)	2.04
"Curcumin is a nontoxic, hepatoprotective antioxidant. "	( Curcumin attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the early phase after partial hepatectomy with simultaneous intraabdominal infection in rats. Bengmark, S; Cho, SY; Koch, M; Lederer, A; Menger, MD; Neuhaus, P; Nüssler, AK; Rayes, N; Schirmeier, A; Seehofer, D, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and well known as a multi-functional drug with antioxidative, anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Curcumin attenuates aluminium-induced functional neurotoxicity in rats. Hussain, E; Jyoti, A; Sethi, P; Sharma, D, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa L."	( Curcumin protects neuronal cells from Japanese encephalitis virus-mediated cell death and also inhibits infective viral particle formation by dysregulation of ubiquitin-proteasome system. Basu, A; Dutta, K; Ghosh, D, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin is a yellow-colored plant polyphenol with a long history of medicinal use in ayurvedic, Chinese and Japanese medicine. "	( Curcumin potentiates the anti-inflammatory activity of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in the cotton pellet granuloma pouch model. Chopra, K; Dhir, A; Kuhad, A; Nandal, S; Sharma, S, 2009)	3.24
"1. Curcumin is a naturally occurring poly-phenolic compound with a broad range of favourable biological functions, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Curcumin-loaded poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibres: diabetic wound dressing with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chen, AF; Laurencin, CT; McLaughlin, SW; Merrell, JG; Nair, LS; Tie, L, 2009)	2.42
"Curcumin is a well known natural polyphenol product isolated from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa, anti-inflammatory agent for arthritis by inhibiting synthesis of inflammatory prostaglandins. "	( Curcumin inhibits cellular condensation and alters microfilament organization during chondrogenic differentiation of limb bud mesenchymal cells. Jin, EJ; Kang, SS; Kim, DK; Kim, SJ, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin (Cur) is a nontoxic, hepatoprotective antioxidant. "	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin on early liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in rats. Bengmark, S; Carter, J; Glanemann, M; Koch, M; Menger, MD; Neuhaus, P; Nüssler, AK; Schirmeier, A; Seehofer, D, 2009)	2.11
"Curcumin is a tumeric-derived, water-insoluble polyphenol with potential beneficial health effects for humans. "	( Oral administration of curcumin emulsified in carboxymethyl cellulose has a potent anti-inflammatory effect in the IL-10 gene-deficient mouse model of IBD. Churchill, TA; Doyle, JS; Fedorak, RN; Foshaug, RR; MacFarlane, SM; Sydora, BC; Ung, VY, 2010)	2.11
"Curcumin is a bioactive substance present in the rhizomes of the herb "Curcuma longa" which has been used for centuries in Asia, both in traditional medicine and in cooking as turmeric which gives food an exotic natural yellow color."	( Curcumin has bright prospects for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Hanai, H; Sugimoto, K, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin is a food chemical present in tumeric (Curcuma longa) that has pharmacological activity to suppress carcinogenesis and inhibits multiple signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). "	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	2.02
"Curcumin, which is a yellow colored polyphenol compound present in turmeric, showed anti-inflammatory properties."	( Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: different molecular targets and potential therapeutic agents including curcumin. Lahiri, DK; Ray, B, 2009)	1.29
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of the transcription factor activator protein-1 which plays an essential role in osteoclastogenesis. "	( Curcumin suppresses increased bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Hie, M; Tsukamoto, I; Yamazaki, M, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from the rhizome of turmeric. "	( Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by curcumin: implication of its cellular mechanism of action. Lim, HW; Lim, HY; Wong, KP, 2009)	2.06
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound found in the turmeric, which is used as food additive in Indian cooking and as a therapeutic agent in traditional Indian medicine. "	( Cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis induced by curcumin in Ewing sarcoma cell line SK-NEP-1. Karikari, CA; Pandey, A; Rakheja, D; Singh, G; Singh, M, 2010)	2.06
"Curcumin is a polyphenol compound derived from Curcuma longa that suppress cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis by down regulating NF-kappaB and its regulated genes."	( Effects of curcumin in an orthotopic murine bladder tumor model. Batocchio, G; Chade, DC; Leite, KR; Sakiyama, BY; Sanudo, A; Srougi, M, )	1.24
"Curcumin is a major constituent of curcuma longa, a traditional medicine used to manage mental disorders effectively in China. "	( Curcumin produces neuroprotective effects via activating brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB-dependent MAPK and PI-3K cascades in rodent cortical neurons. Guo, H; Li, XJ; Li, YB; Li, YH; Pan, XY; Wang, R; Wu, HL; Xu, Y; Zhang, JJ; Zhang, JZ, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a widely studied phytochemical with a variety of biological activities."	( Curcumin exposure induces expression of the Parkinson's disease-associated leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) in rat mesencephalic cells. Bravo-SanPedro, JM; Fuentes, JM; Gómez-Sánchez, R; González-Polo, RA; Morán, JM; Niso-Santano, M; Ortiz-Ortiz, MA; Ruiz-Mesa, LM, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a polyphenol responsible for the yellow color of turmeric, a curry spice. "	( Transient complete atrioventricular block associated with curcumin intake. Byon, JS; Jin, DK; Ko, HJ; Lee, SJ; Lee, SW; Nah, SS; Park, SH; Shin, WY, 2011)	2.06
"Curcumin is an anti-oxidant molecule known to be a potent inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). "	( Curcumin nutrition for the prevention of mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury: an experimental rodent model. Adas, G; Altug, T; Battal, M; Gulcicek, OB; Kamali, G; Karahan, S; Karatepe, O; Kemik, A; Ugurlucan, M, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a highly pleiotropic molecule with significant regulatory effects upon inflammation and inflammatory related diseases. "	( A synthetic curcuminoid derivative inhibits nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. Cheah, YK; Israf, DA; Kim, MK; Lajis, NH; Lam, KW; Liew, CY; Mohamad, AS; Sulaiman, MR; Tham, CL; Zakaria, ZA, 2010)	2.18
"Curcumin is a natural product with diverse pharmacological activities. "	( An investigation of the molecular interactions of diacetylcurcumin with ribonuclease A. Dasgupta, S; Ghosh, KS; Sahoo, BK, 2009)	2.04
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical obtained from dried root and rhizome of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa)."	( Curcumin and its analogues: potential anticancer agents. Agrawal, DK; Mishra, PK, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a major component of Curcuma longa rhizome and has been used as a traditional medicine for centuries. "	( Curcumin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. Kim, JH; Lee, DS; Lee, MK, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin is a major constituent of curry powder, to which it imparts its characteristic yellow colour."	( Curcumin as a therapeutic agent: the evidence from in vitro, animal and human studies. Epstein, J; Macdonald, TT; Sanderson, IR, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a common food ingredient derived from the plant Curcuma longa and is a potent drug against tumorigenesis. "	( Curcumin upregulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) and C/EBPalpha during oral cancer suppression. Chang, KW; Chen, LK; Hou, CP; Hung, PS; Lin, IY; Lin, SC; Tsai, YM, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is an active principle contained in rhizome of Curcuma longa, and it has been recently mentioned to show affinity to muscarinic M-1 cholinoceptors (M(1)-mAChR). "	( Activation of muscarinic M-1 cholinoceptors by curcumin to increase contractility in urinary bladder isolated from Wistar rats. Cheng, JT; Cheng, TC; Chung, HH; Hsu, CC; Kakizawa, N; Lu, CC; Yamada, S, 2010)	2.06
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, lipooxygenase, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), nuclear factor-kappaB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and protein kinase C and has also been demonstrated to play a vital role against pathological conditions such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases."	( Curcumin: from food spice to cancer prevention. Ibraheem, AO; Oyagbemi, AA; Saba, AB, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin is a dihydroxyphenolic compound, with proven anti-cancer efficacy in various cancer models."	( Curcumin suppresses constitutive activation of STAT-3 by up-regulating protein inhibitor of activated STAT-3 (PIAS-3) in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. Joseph, D; Saydmohammed, M; Syed, V, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is an active principle of the perennial herb curcuma longa (commonly known as turmeric)."	( [Neuroprotective effects of curcumin]. Li, Y; Wang, P, 2009)	1.37
"Curcumin is a natural compound that has been extensively observed due to its potential as an anticancer drug. "	( N-acetyl cysteine mitigates curcumin-mediated telomerase inhibition through rescuing of Sp1 reduction in A549 cells. Chan, HW; Chen, HH; Chiu, LY; Hsin, IL; Hsu, CP; Ko, JL; Sheu, GT; Wang, HD, 2010)	2.1
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly called turmeric. "	( Perspectives on chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of curcumin analogs in medicinal chemistry. Chavan, D; Deshpande, J; Padhye, S; Pandey, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV, 2010)	2.04
"Curcumin is a polyphenol and the one of the principle curcuminoids of the spice turmeric. "	( Curcumin inhibits cholesterol uptake in Caco-2 cells by down-regulation of NPC1L1 expression. Duan, RD; Feng, D; Ohlsson, L, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a major constituent of the yellow curry spice turmeric and proved to be a potential anti-inflammatory drug in arthritis and colitis."	( PPARgamma agonist curcumin reduces the amyloid-beta-stimulated inflammatory responses in primary astrocytes. Chen, SD; Ding, JQ; Kang, WY; Liu, GD; Tang, HD; Wang, HM; Zhang, S; Zhao, YX, 2010)	1.42
"Curcumin is a kind of plant polyphenol that is extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. "	( Plant polyphenol curcumin significantly affects CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 activity in healthy, male Chinese volunteers. Cao, S; Chen, BL; Chen, Y; Fan, L; Han, Y; Hu, DL; Liu, WH; Tan, ZR; Wang, G; Zhou, G; Zhou, HH, 2010)	2.14
"Curcumin is a phytochemical compound widely studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties."	( Enhanced anti-tumor activity of a new curcumin-related compound against melanoma and neuroblastoma cells. Caffa, I; Cilli, M; Cossu, S; Delogu, G; Dettori, MA; Emionite, L; Fabbri, D; Pagnan, G; Palmieri, G; Pastorino, F; Pisano, M; Ponzoni, M; Rozzo, C; Sassu, I, 2010)	1.35
"Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa and well known as a multifunctional drug with anti-oxidative, anticancerous, and anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Curcumin improves early functional results after experimental spinal cord injury. Cemil, B; Demircan, MN; Ipcioglu, O; Kucukodaci, Z; Kurt, G; Kutlay, M; Topuz, K; Tun, K, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a major phenolic compound of Curcuma longa, which has long been used in traditional Indian medicine. "	( Synergistic effect of curcumin and insulin on muscle cell glucose metabolism. Kang, C; Kim, E, )	1.89
"Curcumin is a non-toxic polyphenol with pleiotropic activities and limited bioavailability. "	( Grp94 acts as a mediator of curcumin-induced antioxidant defence in myogenic cells. Florean, C; Gorza, L; Pizzo, P; Scapin, C; Vitadello, M, 2010)	2.1
"Curcumin is a phytochemical capable of inhibiting IL-1β-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of apoptotic and pro-inflammatory genes in chondrocytes."	( Curcumin mediated suppression of nuclear factor-κB promotes chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a high-density co-culture microenvironment. Buhrmann, C; Matis, U; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin (Cur) is a promising natural anticancer agent that can specifically regulate the expression of NF-kappaB, bcl-2, and bax in leukemia cells."	( Curcumin p38-dependently enhances the anticancer activity of valproic acid in human leukemia cells. Chen, J; Kang, J; Wang, G; Wang, J; Wang, L, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a compound in the widely used culinary spice, turmeric, which possesses potent and broad biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, chemopreventative effects, and effects on protein trafficking."	( Curcumin decreases amyloid-beta peptide levels by attenuating the maturation of amyloid-beta precursor protein. Browne, A; Child, D; Tanzi, RE; Zhang, C, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a polyphenol present in turmeric, a spice widely used in Asian traditional medicine and cooking. "	( Curcumin disorders 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine membranes and favors the formation of nonlamellar structures by 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. Aranda, FJ; Ausili, A; Corbalán-García, S; de Godos, A; Gómez-Fernández, JC; Pérez-Lara, A; Torrecillas, A, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol. "	( Curcumin alters the migratory phenotype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through up-regulation of E-cadherin. Chan, JY; Chan, WS; Ho, WK; Li, CH; Liu, RW; Tang, WW; Tsang, RK; Tsao, SW; Wei, WI; Wong, TS, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a polyphenol with a variety of pharmacologic effects. "	( Chemopreventive effect of dietary curcumin on inflammation-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in mice. de la Lastra, CA; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S; Villegas, I, 2011)	2.09
"Curcumin is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioflavonoid that has been recently identified as an anti-amyloid agent as well. "	( Apolipoprotein E LDL receptor-binding domain-containing high-density lipoprotein: a nanovehicle to transport curcumin, an antioxidant and anti-amyloid bioflavonoid. Khumsupan, D; Khumsupan, P; Narayanaswami, V; Ramirez, R, 2011)	2.02
"Curcumin appears to be a safe, bioactive food compound that is a potential chemopreventive for patients at a high risk for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). "	( Curcumin inhibits carcinogen and nicotine-induced Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Abreo, FW; Caldito, GC; Clark, CA; McEachern, MD; Nathan, CO; Rong, X; Rong, Y; Shah, SH; Smelley, CL, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin is a phytochemicals which is able to inhibit carcinogenesis in a variety of cell lines. "	( Curcumin induced HepG2 cell apoptosis-associated mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration. Cai, J; Chen, Q; Li, S; Ruan, Y; Wang, M; Wang, Q, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is an important nutraceutical widely used in disease treatment and prevention. "	( Curcumin is a lipid dependent inhibitor of the Na,K-ATPase that likely interacts at the protein-lipid interface. Mahmmoud, YA, 2011)	3.25
"How curcumin acts as a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer has also been studied extensively."	( Curcumin, the golden spice from Indian saffron, is a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for tumors and chemoprotector and radioprotector for normal organs. Aggarwal, BB; Goel, A, 2010)	2.28
"Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol compound found in turmeric, a widely used culinary ingredient that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties and may show efficacy as a potential therapeutic agent in several neuro-inflammatory diseases including AD."	( Neuroprotective and neurorescue effects of a novel polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin (NanoCurc™) in the neuronal cell culture and animal model: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Bisht, S; Lahiri, DK; Maitra, A; Ray, B, 2011)	1.31
"Curcumin is a multifunctional natural product with regulatory effects on inflammation. "	( Synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of novel mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cai, Y; He, X; Li, J; Li, W; Li, X; Liang, G; Wu, J; Yang, S; Zhang, L; Zhao, C; Zhao, Y, 2010)	2.03
"Curcumin is a novel biological agent extracted from Curcuma longa (turmeric), with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity mediated via nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibition."	( Curcumin induces maturation-arrested dendritic cells that expand regulatory T cells in vitro and in vivo. Coates, PT; Kireta, S; Rogers, NM, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin is a constituent of turmeric, a plant which has been used for centuries as a dietary spice and a traditional Indian medicine."	( Effects of curcumin on the skeletal system in rats. Folwarczna, J; Trzeciak, HI; Zych, M, )	1.24
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa that induces apoptotic cell death in malignant cancer cell lines. "	( Suppression of mitochondrial NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity enhances curcumin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Jung, KH; Park, JW, 2011)	2.03
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from the Indian spice turmeric. "	( A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin inhibits growth, clonogenicity and stem-like fraction in malignant brain tumors. Bar, EE; Bisht, S; Eberhart, CG; Lim, KJ; Maitra, A, 2011)	2.08
"Curcumin is a well-known component of the cook seasoning and traditional herb turmeric (Curcuma longa), which has been reported to prevent obesity. "	( Suppression of fatty acid synthase, differentiation and lipid accumulation in adipocytes by curcumin. Sun, XB; Tian, WX; Ye, F; Zhao, J, 2011)	2.03
"Curcumin is a plant-derived dietary spice ascribed various biological activities. "	( Curcumin modulates the immune response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in rats. Coimbra, LS; de Aquino, SG; Guimarães, MR; Kirkwood, KL; Rossa, C; Spolidorio, LC, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin is a dietary constituent with tumor-suppressing potential, inhibiting various pathways involved in carcinogenesis. "	( Curcumin analog GO-Y030 is a novel inhibitor of IKKβ that suppresses NF-κB signaling and induces apoptosis. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kudo, C; Ohori, H; Sato, A; Shibata, H; Uehara, Y; Yamakoshi, H, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is an effective and safe anticancer agent, but its hydrophobicity inhibits its clinical application. "	( Curcumin-loaded biodegradable polymeric micelles for colon cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo. Gou, M; Long, J; Luo, F; Men, K; Qian, Z; Shi, H; Song, J; Wan, Y; Xiang, M; Zhang, J; Zhao, X, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a natural phytochemical that exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antitumor and anticancer activities. "	( Molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy analysis of DNA minor groove complexes of curcumin. Koonammackal, MV; Nellipparambil, UV; Sudarsanakumar, C, 2011)	2.03
"Curcumin is a plant-derived dietary spice with various biological activities, including anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. "	( Potent anti-inflammatory effects of systemically administered curcumin modulate periodontal disease in vivo. Coimbra, LS; de Aquino, SG; Guimarães, MR; Kirkwood, KL; Rossa, C; Spolidorio, LC, 2011)	2.05
"Curcumin (CUR) is an active food compound, but its insolubility and instability in water contributes to low bioavailability. "	( A novel solubility-enhanced curcumin formulation showing stability and maintenance of anticancer activity. Hollingsworth, J; Jeansonne, DP; Koh, GY; Liu, Z; Russo, PS; Stout, RW; Vicente, G; Zhang, F, 2011)	2.11
"Curcumin is a highly potent, nontoxic, bioactive agent found in turmeric and has been known for centuries as a household remedy to many ailments. "	( Curcumin nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial study. Basniwal, RK; Buttar, HS; Jain, N; Jain, VK, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a major constituent of rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Bioavailability enhancement of curcumin by complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Dixit, VK; Gupta, NK, 2011)	2.1
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound shown to have a wide variety of antitumor activities; however, it does not attain sufficient blood levels to do so when ingested. "	( The novel curcumin analog FLLL32 decreases STAT3 DNA binding activity and expression, and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cell lines. Bear, MD; Fenger, J; Fossey, SL; Fuchs, JR; Kisseberth, WC; Li, C; Li, PK; Lin, J; London, CA; Schwartz, EB, 2011)	2.21
"Curcumin is a phytochemical compound extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma Longa."	( Therapeutic potential of dietary polyphenols against brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Calabrese, V; Caruso, C; Scapagnini, G, 2010)	1.08
"Curcumin is a polyphenol that is commonly used for its perceived health benefits. "	( Innovative preparation of curcumin for improved oral bioavailability. Fujita, M; Fukuda, H; Hasegawa, K; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Morimoto, T; Sasaki, H; Sunagawa, Y; Takahashi, K; Wada, H, 2011)	2.11
"Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenol, which has been reported to suppress melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells."	( Curcumin inhibits melanogenesis in human melanocytes. Lin, M; Lu, SS; Qi, XY; Tu, CX; Zhang, RX; Zhang, YY, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a major component of turmeric that has shown cytotoxic activity in multiple cancers; however, its anti-cancer activity has not been well studied in DNR-insensitive CD34+ AML cells."	( Curcumin reduces expression of Bcl-2, leading to apoptosis in daunorubicin-insensitive CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary sorted CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cells. Huang, RW; Huang, SS; Liu, Q; Long, ZJ; Rao, J; Wu, X; Xu, DR; Zheng, FM; Zhou, WH, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin is a pleiotropic molecule against inflammatory related diseases. "	( A novel synthetic mono-carbonyl analogue of curcumin, A13, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in vivo by inhibition of inflammatory mediators. Feng, Z; Huang, Y; Li, X; Liang, G; Pan, Y; Wang, Y; Yang, S; Yang, X; Yu, C, 2012)	2.08
"Curcumin is an extensively used spice possessing both anti-arthritic and hepatoprotective potential."	( Synergistic activity of curcumin with methotrexate in ameliorating Freund's Complete Adjuvant induced arthritis with reduced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals. Banji, D; Banji, OJ; Hayath, MS; Pinnapureddy, J; Saidulu, A, 2011)	1.4
"Curcumin is an inducer of heme oxygenase enzyme-1 (HO-1) that is involved in erectile signaling via elevating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)levels."	( Novel water-soluble curcumin derivative mediating erectile signaling. Abdel Aziz Wassef, M; Abdel Aziz, A; Abdel Aziz, MT; Atta, H; El Asmer, MF; Fouad, HH; Hassouna, AA; Kumosani, TA; Mostafa, S; Mostafa, T; Rashed, L; Rezq, A; Sabry, D; Senbel, A, 2010)	2.13
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound abundant in the rhizome of the perennial herb turmeric, Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin ameliorates cardiac inflammation in rats with autoimmune myocarditis. Aizawa, Y; Harima, M; Kodama, M; Mito, S; Sukumaran, V; Suzuki, K; Thandavarayan, RA; Veeraveedu, PT; Watanabe, K, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a major chemotherapeutic agent with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anticancer and antimicrobial effects."	( Curcumin-loaded N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for cancer drug delivery. Anitha, A; Chennazhi, KP; Deepa, N; Jayakumar, R; Maya, S; Nair, SV, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a natural compound derived from rhizome of Curcuma longa. "	( [Molecular and cellular mechanisms of curcumin action--beneficial effect on organism]. Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Sikora, E; Sikora-Polaczek, M, 2011)	2.08
"Curcumin is a bioactive compound with poor oral bioavailability. "	( Investigation of the absorption mechanism of solubilized curcumin using Caco-2 cell monolayers. Huang, Q; Yu, H, 2011)	2.06
"Curcumin is a polyphenol obtained from the plant Curcuma longa (called turmeric) that displays several pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumoral activity, but clinical use has been limited by its poor solubility in water and, consequently, minimal systemic bioavailability. "	( Curcumin-loaded lipid and polymeric nanocapsules stabilized by nonionic surfactants: an in vitro and In vivo antitumor activity on B16-F10 melanoma and macrophage uptake comparative study. Assreuy, J; Costa, A; Curta, JC; Lemos-Senna, E; Licínio, MA; Mazzarino, L; Montanari, J; Pacheco, LK; Romero, E; Santos-Silva, MC; Silva, LF; Siqueira, JM, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a polyphenol responsible for the yellow color of the curry spice turmeric."	( Vascular anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on HMGB1-mediated responses in vitro. Bae, JS; Kim, DC; Lee, W, 2011)	1.36
"Curcumin is a well studied compound isolated from the plant Curcuma longa."	( Molecular docking studies of curcumin analogs with phospholipase A2. Dileep, KV; Sadasivan, C; Tintu, I, 2011)	1.38
"Curcumin is a well-established natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. "	( Liposomal delivery system enhances anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Basnet, P; Hussain, H; Skalko-Basnet, N; Tho, I, 2012)	2.06
"Curcumin is known to be an antioxidant, as it can scavenge free radicals from biological media. "	( Scavenging mechanism of curcumin toward the hydroxyl radical: a theoretical study of reactions producing ferulic acid and vanillin. Agnihotri, N; Mishra, PC, 2011)	2.12
"Curcumin is a constituent phenol compound of turmeric, and has been used as a dietary spice and Indian medicine. "	( The binding of curcumin to various types of canine amyloid proteins. Chambers, JK; Mutsuga, M; Nakayama, H; Tei, M; Uchida, K, 2012)	2.17
"Curcumin is a natural product possessing therapeutic properties but the low water solubility of this compound limits its use. "	( Curcumin associated magnetite nanoparticles inhibit in vitro melanoma cell growth. de Souza, FF; dos Passos, DC; dos Santos, MC; Guillo, LA; Lima, EC, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phytochemical and an extract of turmeric. "	( Curcumin: the potential for efficacy in gastrointestinal diseases. Berry, DP; Brown, K; Irving, GR; Karmokar, A; Steward, WP, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is a natural anti-oxidant used to treat a broad variety of diseases."	( Protective effect of curcumin against arsenic-induced apoptosis in murine splenocytes in vitro. Gupta, G; Khan, S; Kumar, D; Malik, JK; Nabi, SU; Telang, AG; Vala, JA, )	1.17
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring yellow pigment that is derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa."	( Curcumin potentiates antitumor activity of L-asparaginase via inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Geng, QR; Lu, Y; Wang, H; Wang, L, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a popular plant medicine that is extracted from turmeric dry rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn. "	( High-sensitivity determination of curcumin in human urine using gemini zwitterionic surfactant as a probe by resonance light scattering technique. Chen, X; Chen, Z; Liang, S; Liu, J; Zhang, G; Zhu, L, )	1.85
"Curcumin is a polyphenol and an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), a dietary spice used in Indian cuisine and medicine."	( Curcumin: a potential neuroprotective agent in Parkinson's disease. Bharath, MM; Mythri, RB, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a major active component of Curcuma aromatica salisb, which has been shown to inhibit proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cells. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis involving bax/bcl-2 in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Dai, M; He, X; Yu, J; Zhang, Q; Zhou, X, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetyltransferase activity, which is associated with the deterioration of heart failure. "	( A novel drug delivery system of oral curcumin markedly improves efficacy of treatment for heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats. Fujita, M; Fukuda, H; Hasegawa, K; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Kimura, T; Morimoto, T; Sasaki, H; Shimatsu, A; Sunagawa, Y; Suzuki, H; Wada, H, 2012)	2.09
"Curcumin is a natural compound with recognized anti-inflammatory properties, but its anticancer activity is still object of study. "	( Shotgun proteomics and network analysis of neuroblastoma cell lines treated with curcumin. Bernardini, S; D'Agnano, I; D'Aguanno, S; De Canio, M; Federici, G; Rossi, C; Urbani, A, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin longa is an active compound found in turmeric, which acts as an antiinflammatory agent primarily by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB."	( Recovery from spinal cord injury using naturally occurring antiinflammatory compound curcumin: laboratory investigation. Das, K; Jhanwar-Uniyal, M; Murali, R; Ormond, DR; Peng, H; Zeman, R, 2012)	1.32
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of esophageal cancer growth that targets the Notch-1 activating γ-secretase complex proteins. "	( Curcumin induces cell death in esophageal cancer cells through modulating Notch signaling. Anant, S; Battafarano, RJ; Ponnurangam, S; Ramamoorthy, P; Sharma, P; Standing, D; Subramaniam, D, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin is a natural product with antifibrotic effects, but has poor pharmacokinetic profiles."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, CY; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XJ; Zhang, XP; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	1.4
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic phytochemical isolated from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation and wound healing for centuries."	( Differential regulation of CD4(+) T helper cell responses by curcumin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Bright, JJ; Casalini, E; Chearwae, W; Kanakasabai, S; Mo, C; Walline, CC, 2012)	1.34
"Curcumin is a plant derived compound which has potential activities beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease."	( Curcumin loaded-PLGA nanoparticles conjugated with Tet-1 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Fukuda, T; Hasumura, T; Kumar, DS; Maekawa, T; Mathew, A; Morimoto, H; Nagaoka, Y; Venugopal, K; Yoshida, Y, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a major component of turmeric and reportedly has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects."	( Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced CCL2 expression via JNK pathway in C6 rat astrocytoma cells. Cao, DL; Gao, YJ; Xia, C; Zhang, X; Zhang, ZJ; Zhao, LX, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a principal compound of turmeric, commonly used to treat tumors and other diseases. "	( Curcumin induces the apoptosis of human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells via the activation of JNK/ERK pathways. Chang, CL; Chi, CW; Lee, HC; Pan, JP; Yang, CW; Yang, WC, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with Congo red-like amyloid binding properties and the ability to cross the blood brain barrier."	( Improvement of neuropathology and transcriptional deficits in CAG 140 knock-in mice supports a beneficial effect of dietary curcumin in Huntington's disease. Chesselet, MF; Franich, NR; Frautschy, SA; Hickey, MA; Lerner, RP; Levine, MS; Maiti, P; Medvedeva, V; Patassini, S; Zeitlin, S; Zhu, C, 2012)	1.31
"Curcumin is a natural bioactive compound with many health-promoting benefits. "	( Improving the oral bioavailability of curcumin using novel organogel-based nanoemulsions. Huang, Q; Yu, H, 2012)	2.09
"Curcumin is a natural plant product with antimalarial activity and immunomodulatory properties. "	( Curcumin enhances non-opsonic phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum through up-regulation of CD36 surface expression on monocytes/macrophages. Mimche, PN; Taramelli, D; Thompson, E; Vivas, L, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural agent that has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit prostate cancer growth. "	( Demethoxycurcumin inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Ni, X; Shen, Y; Wang, S; Zhang, A; Zhao, Z, 2012)	2.24
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound which is known to inhibit PKC activity."	( Curcumin prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: possible involvement of PKC-MAPK signaling pathway. Harima, M; Lakshmanan, AP; Mito, S; Nagata, M; Sari, FR; Soetikno, V; Sukumaran, V; Suzuki, K; Takagi, R; Thandavarayan, RA; Watanabe, K, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a bioactive phytochemical with well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties."	( Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: a randomized crossover trial. Amini, M; Ferns, GA; Ghayour-Mobarhan, M; Iranshahi, M; Khojasteh, R; Mohammadi, A; Sahebkar, A, 2013)	1.39
"Curcumin is a plant polyphenolic compound and a major component of spice turmeric (Curcuma longa). "	( Curcumin protects nigral dopaminergic neurons by iron-chelation in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease. Du, XX; Jiang, H; Song, N; Wang, J; Xie, JX; Xu, HM, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic bioactive compound in turmeric. "	( Curcumin-supplemented diets increase superoxide dismutase activity and mean lifespan in Drosophila. Chen, Y; Gao, QK; Lai, CQ; Li, D; Meydani, M; Ordovas, JM; Parnell, LD; Shen, LR; Xiao, F; Yuan, P, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a widely used herbal medicine for various human diseases including inflammation and cancer. "	( A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantification of curcumin-O-glucuronide and curcumin in human plasma. Cao, Y; Chan, KK; Chen, W; Fan-Havard, P; Liu, Z; Stoner, GD; Yee, LD, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin is a natural product with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects."	( Amphiphilic peptide carrier for the combined delivery of curcumin and plasmid DNA into the lungs. Kim, HA; Lee, M; Park, JH, 2012)	1.35
"Curcumin is a compound derived from the spice turmeric, a spice that is a potent antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-hepatotoxic agent."	( Curcumin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction associated with inhibition of gluconeogenesis in free fatty acid-mediated hepatic lipoapoptosis. Chang, HH; Kuo, JJ; Lee, TY; Tsai, TH, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a potential natural anticancer drug with limited bioavailability due to the lack of solubility in aqueous solvents. "	( Chemoprevention of azoxymethane-initiated colon cancer in rat by using a novel polymeric nanocarrier--curcumin. Alizadeh, AM; Azizian, S; Khaniki, M; Mohaghgheghi, MA; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M, 2012)	2.04
"Curcumin is a phenolic yellow curry pigment with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and α-mangostin is a xanthone isolated from mangosteen fruit with antioxidant properties. "	( Neuroprotective effect of α-mangostin and curcumin against iodoacetate-induced cell death. González-Reyes, S; Hernández-Nava, M; Orozco-Ibarra, M; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Reyes-Fermín, LM; Tarco-Álvarez, NG, 2012)	2.09
"Curcumin is a main component of Curcuma longa with numerous pharmacological activities."	( Attenuation of high-glucose-induced inflammatory response by a novel curcumin derivative B06 contributes to its protection from diabetic pathogenic changes in rat kidney and heart. Cai, L; Cai, Y; Hu, J; Li, X; Li, Y; Liang, G; Pan, Y; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Wei, T; Yan, Y; Zhu, G, 2013)	1.35
"Curcumin is an antioxidant molecule that has been shown to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in several organ systems. "	( Role of curcumin in mesenteric ischemia - reperfusion injury in rats. Belviranli, M; Esen, H; Gokbel, H; Nurullahoglu-Atalik, KE; Okudan, N; Oz, M, 2012)	2.26
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric and has been used widely."	( [Curcumin inhibits iron overload-induced hepatocytic apoptosis and nuclear factor-κB activity]. Niu, MH; Qian, JJ; Zhai, XG; Zhou, Q; Zhou, YJ, 2012)	2.01
"Curcumin is a safe, affordable and natural bioactive molecule of turmeric (Curcuma longa). "	( Emerging role of nanocarriers to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. Das, M; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin (CUR) is an important bioactive compound present in the rhizome of Curcuma longa. "	( Investigations to reveal the nature of interactions of human hemoglobin with curcumin using optical techniques. Hegde, AH; Sandhya, B; Seetharamappa, J, 2013)	2.06
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa whose pharmacological effects include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties."	( Curcumin reduces cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. Antunes, LM; Bianchi, Mde L; da Silva Machado, C; de Freitas, LA; Mendonça, LM; Teixeira, CC, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is an important antioxidant."	( Protective effect of curcumin against formaldehyde-induced genotoxicity in A549 Cell Lines. Chen, X; Dai, J; Jiang, ZF; Li, N; Shi, YQ; Zhang, BY; Zhang, ZB, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the dietary spice turmeric. "	( In vitro evaluation of schistosomicidal potential of curcumin against Schistosoma japonicum. Chen, YQ; Li, XR; Xu, QM; Yang, SL; Zhu-Ge, HX, 2012)	2.07
"Thus curcumin is a "double edged sword": having therapeutic potential as a minor groove binder but at the same time it may cause DNA damage in the cell at high concentration."	( Interactions of curcumin and its derivatives with nucleic acids and their implications. Bora, U; Kumar, A, 2013)	1.19
"Curcumin is a phytochemical agent that is currently used in clinical trials to test its effectiveness against cancer."	( Effects of curcumin on stem-like cells in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines. Almanaa, TN; Geusz, ME; Jamasbi, RJ, 2012)	1.49
"Curcumin is considered to be a potential component for drug-eluting stents due to its anti-inflammatory properties. "	( In vitro mutagenicity and blood compatibility of paclitaxel and curcumin in poly (DL-lactide-co-glicolide) films. Chen, LC; da Silva Coelho, L; de Souza, DC; Guillo, LA; Vieira, IL, 2013)	2.07
"Curcumin is a yellow-orange polyphenol derived from turmeric [Curcuma longa L. "	( Effect of curcumin on dexamethasone-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Khaghani, S; Khorsandi, L; Mirhoseini, M; Mohamadpour, M; Orazizadeh, M, 2013)	2.23
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol product derived from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa. "	( The clinical applications of curcumin: current state and the future. Fan, X; Liang, HP; Liu, DB; Yan, J; Zhang, C, 2013)	2.12
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol molecule derived from the Curcuma longa plant which exhibits anticancer, chemopreventive, chemo- and radio-sensitization properties."	( Curcumin nanomedicine: a road to cancer therapeutics. Chauhan, SC; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is a bright yellow spice, derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn."	( A review of therapeutic effects of curcumin. Ashkani-Esfahani, S; Noorafshan, A, 2013)	1.39
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment found in the spice turmeric and a main functional constituent of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin: from chemistry to chemistry-based functions. Fujimoto, A; Jitoe-Masuda, A; Masuda, T, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a natural dietary compound with known anti-neoplastic activities, hence its classification as a nutraceutical agent."	( Nutraceuticals as new treatment approaches for oral cancer--I: Curcumin. Chaushu, G; Dayan, A; Dayan, D; Salo, T; Vered, M; Zlotogorski, A, 2013)	1.35
"Curcumin is a major component of turmeric with known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects."	( Curcumin ingestion and exercise training improve vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women. Ajisaka, R; Akazawa, N; Choi, Y; Maeda, S; Miyaki, A; Sugawara, J; Tanabe, Y, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin is a natural compound that exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects, among them the anti-tumor activity. "	( Carboplatin resistant human laryngeal carcinoma cells are cross resistant to curcumin due to reduced curcumin accumulation. Batinić, D; Cimbora-Zovko, T; Delaš, I; Domijan, AM; Dubravčić, K; Gajski, G; Garaj-Vrhovac, V; Osmak, M; Rak, S; Sorić, J, 2013)	2.06
"Curcumin is a fluorescent molecule with high affinity for the Aβ peptide but its low solubility limits its clinical use."	( Curcumin-conjugated nanoliposomes with high affinity for Aβ deposits: possible applications to Alzheimer disease. Antimisiaris, SG; Dauphin, A; Delatour, B; Duyckaerts, C; Lazar, AN; Mourtas, S; Parizot, C; Youssef, I, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is an orange-yellow polyphenol present in curry spice and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects."	( Curcumin ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting renal inflammation in mice. Maekawa, N; Morishita, J; Ueki, M; Ueno, M, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound abundant in the rhizome of the perennial herb turmeric."	( The protective role of curcumin on perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced genotoxicity: single cell gel electrophoresis and micronucleus test. Çelik, A; Eke, D; Ekinci, SY; Yıldırım, S, 2013)	1.42
"Curcumin (CMN) is a known cytoprotectant with comprehensive anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous properties."	( Mitochondrial dysfunction mediated cisplatin induced toxicity: modulatory role of curcumin. Parvez, S; Waseem, M, 2013)	1.34
"Curcumin is a widely used spice with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. "	( Curcumin improves TNBS-induced colitis in rats by inhibiting IL-27 expression via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Chen, L; Liao, H; Lv, X; Zeng, Z; Zhan, L, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring powerful anti-inflammatory medicine."	( Chemotherapeutic potential of curcumin for colorectal cancer. Chauhan, DP, 2002)	1.32
"Curcumin proved to be a potent angioinhibitory compound, as demonstrated by inhibition of angiogenesis in two in vivo angiogenesis assay systems, viz."	( Molecular mechanisms of anti-angiogenic effect of curcumin. Belakavadi, M; Gururaj, AE; Marmé, D; Salimath, BP; Venkatesh, DA, 2002)	1.29
"Curcumin is a natural product that has exhibited potent antiangiogenic properties."	( Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of angiogenesis inhibitors: aromatic enone and dienone analogues of curcumin. Arbiser, JL; Bai, X; Bowen, JP; Ehlers, T; Goldsmith, DJ; Hubbard IV, RB; Robinson, TP, 2003)	1.25
"Curcumin is a predominant compound derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L., and shows antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activity. "	( Efficacy and irritancy of enhancers on the in-vitro and in-vivo percutaneous absorption of curcumin. Chan, TF; Chiu, HC; Fang, JY; Hung, CF; Wang, JJ, 2003)	1.98
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound having an antiproliferative property, which recent evidence suggests is due to its ability to induce apoptosis. "	( Inhibition of proteasomal function by curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Dikshit, P; Goswami, A; Jana, NR; Nukina, N, 2004)	2.04
"Curcumin is a natural compound extracted from the spice tumeric, possessing both anti-inflammatory antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic effect, is a potent stimulator of the stress-induced expression of heat shock protein 70 kd (HSP70)."	( [Protective effect and mechanism of pretreatment with curcumin on infectious brain edema in rats]. Huang, R; Luo, F; Yang, YJ; Yu, XH, 2003)	2.01
"Curcumin is a wide-spectrum cellular protector with antiinflammatory, antioxidizant, and antifibrotic effects. "	( Curcumin ameliorates left ventricular function in rabbits with pressure overload: inhibition of the remodeling of the left ventricular collagen network associated with suppression of myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-2 ex Chen, SB; Cui, CC; Lian, JF; Wang, DQ; Wang, JK; Yao, QH; Yao, XW; Yuan, ZY, 2004)	3.21
"Curcumin is a nontoxic Ca-adenosine triphosphatase pump inhibitor that can be administered to humans safely."	( Curcumin, a major constituent of turmeric, corrects cystic fibrosis defects. Canny, S; Caplan, MJ; Du, K; Egan, ME; Glöckner-Pagel, J; Lukacs, GL; Pearson, M; Rajendran, V; Rubin, D; Weiner, SA, 2004)	2.49
"Curcumin is a dietary phytochemical associated with anti-tumorigenic effects, but the mechanisms by which it inhibits cancer cell growth and metastasis are not completely understood. "	( Curcumin inhibits cell motility and alters microfilament organization and function in prostate cancer cells. Holy, J, 2004)	3.21
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic diketone from turmeric. "	( Curcumin interaction with copper and iron suggests one possible mechanism of action in Alzheimer's disease animal models. Baum, L; Ng, A, 2004)	3.21
"Curcumin is a natural product widely used as a spice in food. "	( Biologic evaluation of curcumin and structural derivatives in cancer chemoprevention model systems. Barthélémy, S; Boone, CW; Cuendet, M; Gafner, S; Labidalle, S; Lee, SK; Mehta, RG; Pezzuto, JM; Vergnes, L, 2004)	2.08
"Curcumin (Cur) is a promising antioxidant and anticancer drug, but several recent studies indicate that Cur exerts its anticancer activity through promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. "	( Water-soluble antioxidants improve the antioxidant and anticancer activity of low concentrations of curcumin in human leukemia cells. Chen, J; Kang, J; Liu, Q; Wanming, D; Zhang, D, 2005)	1.99
"Curcumin is a natural product isolated from the spice turmeric."	( Antiangiogenic agents: studies on fumagillin and curcumin analogs. Arbiser, JL; Bowen, JP; Ehlers, T; Furness, MS; Goldsmith, DJ; Hubbard, RB; Robinson, TP, 2005)	1.3
"Curcumin is a symmetrical diphenolic dienone."	( Anti-oxidant activities of curcumin and related enones. Abcouwer, SF; Deck, LM; Hunsaker, LA; Vander Jagt, DL; Weber, WM, 2005)	1.35
"Curcumin is a promising chemopreventive agent due to its multiple properties including anti-inflammation, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of signal cascades involving cell proliferation. "	( Curcumin decreases cell proliferation rates through BTG2-mediated cyclin D1 down-regulation in U937 cells. Cho, JW; Jun, JM; Kwon, YK; Shin, SW; Suh, SI, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin is a well-known chemopreventive agent of oral cancers as well as stomach and intestinal cancers. "	( Relationship between intracellular ROS production and membrane mobility in curcumin- and tetrahydrocurcumin-treated human gingival fibroblasts and human submandibular gland carcinoma cells. Atsumi, T; Fujisawa, S; Tonosaki, K, 2005)	2
"Curcumin is a dietary compound with diverse anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects in several experimental models. "	( Curcumin blocks interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling by inhibiting the recruitment of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase IRAK in murine thymoma EL-4 cells. Böl, GF; Brigelius-Flohé, R; Jurrmann, N, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric. "	( Curcumin: the story so far. Gescher, AJ; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin is a crucial component of curcuma. "	( [Effect of curcumin on caspase 8- and caspase 9- induced apoptosis of lymphoma Raji cell]. Chen, Y; Li, XG; Wu, Q, 2005)	2.16
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant isolated from the medicinal plant Curcuma longa Linn. "	( Prevention of kainic acid-induced changes in nitric oxide level and neuronal cell damage in the rat hippocampus by manganese complexes of curcumin and diacetylcurcumin. Matsumoto, K; Murakami, Y; Sumanont, Y; Tohda, M; Vajragupta, O; Watanabe, H, 2006)	1.98
"Curcumin is a promising dietary supplement for cancer prevention."	( Proapoptotic effect of curcumin on human neutrophils: activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Du, Q; Hu, M; Lin, X; Miller, EJ; Simms, HH; Vancurova, I; Wang, P, 2005)	1.36
"Curcumin (C21H20O6) is a natural antioxidant, which is considered to be a very useful compound in health matters, and is employed in the treatment of cardiovascular and arthritic illnesses. "	( The sensitive fluorimetric method for the determination of curcumin using the enhancement of mixed micelle. Jia, Z; Liu, S; Wang, F; Wu, X; Yang, J, 2006)	2.02
"Curcumin functions as a deacetylase inhibitor,which could increase the level of acetylated histone H3, enhance the expression and activity of tumor suppressor P53, and inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells."	( [Effects of curcumin on the acetylation of histone H3, P53 and the proliferation of NB4 cells]. Chen, Y; Li, XG; Liu, HL; Wu, Q, 2005)	2.15
"The curcuminoids are a group of diarylheptanoid molecules that possess important pharmacological activities, particularly acting as anti-inflammatory agents. "	( Analysis of curcuminoids by positive and negative electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry. Gang, DR; Jacobsen, NE; Jiang, H; Somogyi, A; Timmermann, BN, 2006)	1.27
"Curcumin is a biologically active component of turmeric and has been reported to induce stress proteins in certain cell lines, leading to cell protection."	( Curcumin induces heme oxygenase-1 in hepatocytes and is protective in simulated cold preservation and warm reperfusion injury. Garden, OJ; Harrison, EM; McNally, SJ; Ross, JA; Wigmore, SJ, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring anti-oxidant that reduces oxidative stress and inhibits nuclear factor kappa B and nitric oxide formation."	( Curcumin ameliorates acute thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Aeed, H; Ashkenazi, M; Bruck, R; Shahmurov, M; Shapiro, H; Weizman, N, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound having anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidative properties."	( Curcumin enhances the polyglutamine-expanded truncated N-terminal huntingtin-induced cell death by promoting proteasomal malfunction. Dikshit, P; Goswami, A; Jana, NR; Mishra, A; Nukina, N, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin is a natural pigment that has been shown to induce cell death in many cancer cells; however, the death mode depends on the cell type and curcumin concentration. "	( Curcumin induces caspase-3-dependent apoptotic pathway but inhibits DNA fragmentation factor 40/caspase-activated DNase endonuclease in human Jurkat cells. Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Bujnicki, JM; Cymerman, IA; Kalinowska, M; Magalska, A; Mosieniak, G; Piwocka, K; Sikora, E; Widlak, P, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin is a natural dye, derived from Curcuma longa that has been shown to induce cell death in many cancer cells."	( Resistance to apoptosis of HCW-2 cells can be overcome by curcumin- or vincristine-induced mitotic catastrophe. Franceschi, C; Magalska, A; Salvioli, S; Sikora, E; Sliwinska, M; Szczepanowska, J, 2006)	1.3
"Curcumin is a widely used spice with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. "	( Curcumin inhibits trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis in rats by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Deng, C; Sheng, D; Xia, J; Zhang, M; Zheng, J, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin is a commonly used spice and coloring agent with a variety of beneficial biological effects, which include tumor inhibition."	( Curcumin inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1 by degrading aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator: a mechanism of tumor growth inhibition. Choi, H; Chun, YS; Kim, MS; Kim, SW; Park, JW, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic dienone that is potentially reactive as a Michael acceptor and also is a strong anti-oxidant."	( TPA-induced up-regulation of activator protein-1 can be inhibited or enhanced by analogs of the natural product curcumin. Deck, LM; Gonzales, AM; Heynekamp, JJ; Hunsaker, LA; Orlando, RA; Vander Jagt, DL; Weber, WM, 2006)	1.27
"Curcumin is a yellow-orange pigment, which has attracted considerable attention due to its wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities. "	( Theoretical study on physicochemical properties of curcumin. Ji, HF; Shen, L, 2007)	2.03
"Curcumin is a biologically active phytochemical substance present in turmeric and has pharmacologic actions that might benefit patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). "	( Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Andoh, A; Arai, H; Fujiyama, Y; Hanai, H; Hiraishi, H; Hirayama, K; Iida, T; Iwaoka, Y; Kanke, K; Koide, Y; Maruyama, Y; Mitsuyama, K; Nagata, T; Sata, M; Takeuchi, K; Tsujikawa, T; Uchijima, M; Watanabe, F; Yamada, M; Yoshii, S, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin seems to be a promising and safe medication for maintaining remission in patients with quiescent UC. "	( Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Andoh, A; Arai, H; Fujiyama, Y; Hanai, H; Hiraishi, H; Hirayama, K; Iida, T; Iwaoka, Y; Kanke, K; Koide, Y; Maruyama, Y; Mitsuyama, K; Nagata, T; Sata, M; Takeuchi, K; Tsujikawa, T; Uchijima, M; Watanabe, F; Yamada, M; Yoshii, S, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin is an NF-kappaB inhibitor with a variety of biological activities anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, and antichemotactic effects."	( Curcumin inhibits in vitro MCP-1 release from mouse pancreatic islets. Amoli, MM; Larijani, B; Mousavizadeh, R; Rahmani, M; Sorouri, R, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound which is known to induce heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), although the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. "	( Curcumin induces heme oxygenase 1 through generation of reactive oxygen species, p38 activation and phosphatase inhibition. Garden, OJ; Harrison, EM; McNally, SJ; Ross, JA; Wigmore, SJ, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin is a useful functional probe of CFTR gating that opens mutant channels by circumventing the normal requirements for ATP binding and NBD heterodimerization."	( Curcumin opens cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channels by a novel mechanism that requires neither ATP binding nor dimerization of the nucleotide-binding domains. Bernard, K; Kirk, KL; Li, G; Wang, W, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa, which is known to have anti-inflammatory activity."	( Curcumin, a Curcuma longa constituent, acts on MAPK p38 pathway modulating COX-2 and iNOS expression in chronic experimental colitis. Alarcón de la Lastra, C; Camacho-Barquero, L; Motilva, V; Sánchez-Calvo, JM; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S; Talero, E; Villegas, I, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a natural product which has the effects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-carcinogensis, while the administration of curcumin has been reported to possibly relieve the symptoms of meningitis."	( Efficacy of curcumin therapy against Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningitis. Chen, KM; Chen, YF; Jiang, ST; Lai, SC; Lee, HH; Shih, PC; Shiow, SJ, 2007)	1.44
"Curcumin is a phenolic natural product isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric). "	( Curcumin prevents the development of dextran sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. Andoh, A; Araki, Y; Bamba, S; Deguchi, Y; Fujiyama, Y; Hata, K; Inatomi, O; Tsujikawa, T; Yagi, Y, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin is a plant-derived diferuloylmethane compound extracted from Curcuma longa, possessing antioxidative and anticarcinogenic properties. "	( Curcumin activates human glutathione S-transferase P1 expression through antioxidant response element. Ichijo, Y; Ito, M; Iwata, K; Katsuyama, M; Kimura, M; Miura, T; Nishinaka, T; Terada, T; Yabe-Nishimura, C, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound isolated as a yellow pigment from turmeric (curcuma longa). "	( The relaxant effect of curcumin on porcine coronary arterial ring segments. Dai, F; Liu, ZL; Long, Y; Xu, PH, 2007)	2.09
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound possessing interesting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has the ability to induce the defensive protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). "	( Curcumin reduces cold storage-induced damage in human cardiac myoblasts. Abuarqoub, H; Foresti, R; Green, CJ; Motterlini, R, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin is a small fluorescent compound that binds to amyloid deposits."	( Curcumin labels amyloid pathology in vivo, disrupts existing plaques, and partially restores distorted neurites in an Alzheimer mouse model. Bacskai, BJ; Borrelli, LA; Garcia-Alloza, M; Hyman, BT; Rozkalne, A, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a natural substance extracted form Curcuma Longa Linn and has a variety of pharmacological effects."	( Effects of curcumin on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and nuclear translocation/redistribution in culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells. Cheng, Y; Ping, J; Xu, LM, 2007)	1.45
"Curcuminoids are a safe natural food coloring additive with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic activities. "	( Isolation and identification of phase 1 metabolites of demethoxycurcumin in rats. Liu, Y; Qiu, F; Qu, G; Yao, X; Zeng, Y, 2007)	2.02
"Curcumin is a direct inhibitor of angiogenesis and also downregulates various proangiogenic proteins like vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor."	( Curcumin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Arbiser, JL; Bhandarkar, SS, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa that has traditionally been used for pain and wound-healing."	( Curcumin and autoimmune disease. Bright, JJ, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a potent antioxidant that possesses both anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities, can suppress the initiation, promotion, and metastasis of different tumors."	( Curcumin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner and upregulates ING4 expression in human glioma. Cao, W; Jiang, X; Liu, E; Liu, W; Wu, J; Zhang, J; Zhang, X, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin, which is a bright orange-yellow pigment of turmeric with antioxidant properties, has been shown to produce a potent preventative action against several types of cancers in recent studies. "	( Curcuminoids-cellular uptake by human primary colon cancer cells as quantitated by a sensitive HPLC assay and its relation with the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis. Chien, YW; Hsu, YC; Lin, S; Weng, HC, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin is a major active component of C."	( The antidepressant effects of curcumin in the forced swimming test involve 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors. Guo, JB; Li, XJ; Li, YB; Li, YH; Wang, R; Wu, HL; Xu, Y, 2008)	1.36
"Curcumin is known to be a potent wound healer. "	( Opposing effects of curcuminoids on serum stimulated and unstimulated angiogenic response. Kiran, MS; Kumar, VB; Rajasekharan, KN; Sherin, GT; Sudhakaran, PR; Viji, RI, 2008)	2.11
"Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the dietary spice turmeric. "	( Curcumin modulation of IFN-beta and IL-12 signalling and cytokine induction in human T cells. Adrian Robins, R; Constantinescu, CS; Fahey, AJ, )	3.02
"Curcumin is a phytochemical with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activities. "	( Protective in vivo effect of curcumin on copper genotoxicity evaluated by comet and micronucleus assays. Bobadilla-Morales, L; Corona-Rivera, A; Corona-Rivera, JR; Diaz-Esquivel, P; Mendoza-Magaua, ML; Ramirez-Herrera, MA; Troyo-Sanroman, R; Urbina-Cano, P; Vargas-Lares, Jde J, 2007)	2.07
"Curcumin is claimed to be a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent."	( Effect of curcumin on inflammation and oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. Chopra, K; Kuhad, A; Pilkhwal, S; Sharma, S; Tirkey, N, 2007)	1.46
"Curcumin is a component of the Oriental spice turmeric that has been shown to have antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties."	( Curcumin reduces burn progression in rats. McClain, SA; Romanov, A; Rooney, J; Singer, AJ; Zimmerman, T, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is a compound derived from the spice turmeric, and is a potent anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-hepatotoxic agent. "	( Curcumin inhibits glucose production in isolated mice hepatocytes. Fujimoto, S; Fujita, Y; Fujiwara, H; Fukuda, K; Hosokawa, M; Inagaki, N; Nishi, Y; Seino, Y; Toyoda, K; Yamada, K; Yamada, Y; Zhou, X, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin is a free radical scavenger and hydrogen donor, and exhibits both pro- and antioxidant activity."	( Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trials. Cho, J; Hatcher, H; Planalp, R; Torti, FM; Torti, SV, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin is a polyphenol present in the spice turmeric, which can directly scavenge free radicals such as superoxide anion and nitric oxide and modulate important signaling pathways mediated via NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways."	( Modulation of steroid activity in chronic inflammation: a novel anti-inflammatory role for curcumin. Biswas, S; Rahman, I, 2008)	1.29
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic component of yellow curry spice, which is used in some cultures for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. "	( Curcumin stimulates proliferation of embryonic neural progenitor cells and neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Chung, HY; Kim, HS; Kim, MS; Kim, SJ; Lee, J; Mattson, MP; Park, HR; Park, M; Son, TG, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenol used in ancient Asian medicine. "	( Curcumin: preventive and therapeutic properties in laboratory studies and clinical trials. Sharma, RA; Strimpakos, AS, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin is a major active component isolated from Curcuma longa. "	( Curcumin protects against glutamate excitotoxicity in rat cerebral cortical neurons by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and activating TrkB. Li, XJ; Li, YB; Li, YH; Wang, R; Wu, HL; Xu, Y, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin is a phenolic compound isolated from rhizomes of C. "	( Curcuma drugs and curcumin regulate the expression and function of P-gp in Caco-2 cells in completely opposite ways. Azuma, J; Hou, XL; Komatsu, K; Qiu, F; Takahashi, K; Tanaka, K; Tougou, K, 2008)	2.12
"Curcumin is a diferuloylmethane derived from the Indian spice, turmeric (popularly called "curry powder") that has been shown to interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle (cyclin D1 and cyclin E), apoptosis (activation of caspases and down-regulation of antiapoptotic gene products), proliferation (HER-2, EGFR, and AP-1), survival (PI3K/AKT pathway), invasion (MMP-9 and adhesion molecules), angiogenesis (VEGF), metastasis (CXCR-4) and inflammation (NF-kappaB, TNF, IL-6, IL-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX)."	( Curcumin and cancer: an "old-age" disease with an "age-old" solution. Aggarwal, BB; Anand, P; Jhurani, S; Kunnumakkara, AB; Sundaram, C, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of tumor promotion, and was shown previously to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced AP-1 activity. "	( A labile hyperphosphorylated c-Fos protein is induced in mouse fibroblast cells treated with a combination of phorbol ester and anti-tumor promoter curcumin. Hsieh, JS; Huang, TS; Kuo, ML; Lin, JK, 1995)	1.93
"Curcumin, which is a naturally occurring compound, is present in turmeric, possesses both antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties, and has been tested for its chemopreventive properties in skin and forestomach carcinogenesis."	( Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by dietary curcumin, a naturally occurring plant phenolic compound. Rao, CV; Reddy, BS; Rivenson, A; Simi, B, 1995)	1.26
"Curcumin is a major chemical constituent of turmeric normally eaten by humans. "	( Curcumin inhibits TPA induced expression of c-fos, c-jun and c-myc proto-oncogenes messenger RNAs in mouse skin. Kakar, SS; Roy, D, 1994)	3.17
"Curcumin fluorescence is a broad band in acetonitrile (lambda max = 524 nm), ethanol (lambda max = 549 nm) or micellar solution (lambda max = 557 nm) but has some structure in toluene (lambda max = 460, 488 nm)."	( Spectral and photochemical properties of curcumin. Bilski, P; Chignell, CF; Dahl, TA; Motten, AG; Reszka, KJ; Sik, RH, 1994)	1.28
"Curcumin is a dietary pigment responsible for the yellow color of curry. "	( Inhibitory effects of curcumin on protein kinase C activity induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate in NIH 3T3 cells. Lin, JK; Lin, SJ; Liu, JY, 1993)	2.04
"Curcumin was found to be a potent inhibitor of rat liver P450 1A1/1A2 measured as ethoxyresorufin deethylation (EROD) activity in beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF)-induced microsomes, a less potent inhibitor of P450 2B1/2B2, measured as pentoxyresorufin depentylation (PROD) activity in phenobarbital (PB)-induced microsomes and a weak inhibitor of P450 2E1, measured as p-nitrophenol (PNP) hydroxylation activity in pyrazole-induced microsomes."	( Effects of curcumin on cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase activities in rat liver. Commandeur, JN; Oetari, S; Samhoedi, R; Sudibyo, M; Vermeulen, NP, 1996)	1.41
"Curcumin, which is a widely used dietary pigment and spice, has been demonstrated to be an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis in immortalized NIH 3T3 and malignant cancer cell lines. Jiang, MC; Lin, JK; Yang-Yen, HF; Yen, JJ, 1996)	3.18
"Curcumin is a strong inhibitor of arachidonic acid-induced edema of mouse ears in vivo and epidermal cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities in vitro."	( Inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice. Frenkel, K; Huang, MT; Newmark, HL, 1997)	1.33
"Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound found in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa and endowed with beneficial biological activities including antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective effects. "	( Effects of curcumin on P-glycoprotein in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Cervelli, F; Chieli, E; Romiti, N; Tongiani, R, 1998)	2.13
"Curcumin is a beta-diketone constituent of the spice turmeric that possesses anticarcinogenic properties in several animal models. "	( Effect of the beta-diketones diferuloylmethane (curcumin) and dibenzoylmethane on rat mammary DNA adducts and tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Fisher, C; Iovinelli, M; MacDonald, C; Singletary, K; Wallig, M, 1998)	2
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring, dietary polyphenolic phytochemical that is under preclinical trial evaluation for cancer preventive drug development and whose working pharmacological actions include anti-inflammation. "	( In vivo inhibition of nitric oxide synthase gene expression by curcumin, a cancer preventive natural product with anti-inflammatory properties. Chan, MM; Fenton, MR; Fong, D; Huang, HI, 1998)	1.98
"Curcumin (Cur) is a phenolic component of common spice, turmeric. "	( Curcumin blocks cyclosporine A-resistant CD28 costimulatory pathway of human T-cell proliferation. Bondada, S; Elliott, L; Johnston, TD; Nagabhushan, M; Ranjan, D; Wu, G, 1998)	3.19
"As curcumin is a potent inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism, it is suggested that the mechanism of the stimulation by curcumin of the stress responses might be similar to that of salicylate, indomethacin and nordihydroguaiaretic acid."	( Stimulation of the stress-induced expression of stress proteins by curcumin in cultured cells and in rat tissues in vivo. Ito, H; Iwamoto, I; Kamei, K; Kato, K, 1998)	1.05
"Curcumin (CUR) is a natural yellow dye with antioxidant and scavenging properties present in Curcuma species. "	( Glutathione-independent mechanism of apoptosis inhibition by curcumin in rat thymocytes. Bartosz, G; Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Jaruga, E; Piwocka, K; Radziszewska, E; Sikora, E; Skierski, J, 1998)	1.98
"Curcumin is a well-known natural compound with antiinflammatory properties. "	( Apoptosis-independent alterations in membrane dynamics induced by curcumin. Bartosz, G; Chrul, S; Jaruga, E; Sokal, A, 1998)	1.98
"Curcumin is a coloring additive used in food, which has many biological functions. "	( [Study on the antimutagenicity of curcumin]. Chen, B; Li, X; Song, Q, 1998)	2.02
"Curcumin is a phenolic antioxidant known for its antitumor and immune modulatory functions in vitro."	( Inhibition of intestinal tumors by curcumin is associated with changes in the intestinal immune cell profile. Bertagnolli, MM; Bilinski, RT; Chadburn, A; Churchill, M, 2000)	1.31
"Curcumin is a small-molecular-weight compound that is isolated from the commonly used spice turmeric. "	( Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Arbiser, JL; Byers, HR; Fisher, C; Flynn, E; Huang, MT; Klauber, N; Rohan, R; van Leeuwen, R, 1998)	3.19
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of the transcriptional factors activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB. "	( Stimulatory effect of curcumin on osteoclast apoptosis. Amano, S; Hanazawa, S; Kawata, Y; Ozaki, K, 2000)	2.06
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytochemical isolated from the powdered rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa that possesses anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits cancer formation in mice."	( Curcumin inhibits lipoxygenase by binding to its central cavity: theoretical and X-ray evidence. Jankun, J; McCabe, NP; Selman, SH; Skrzypczak-Jankun, E, 2000)	2.47
"Curcumin is a weakly fluorescent molecule and the fluorescence decay properties in most of the solvents could be fitted well to a double-exponential decay function."	( Effect of solvent on the excited-state photophysical properties of curcumin. Khopde, SM; Mukherjee, T; Palit, DK; Priyadarsini, KI, 2000)	1.26
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant known to possess therapeutic properties and has been reported to scavenge free radicals and to inhibit clastogenesis in mammalian cells."	( Protective effect of thiourea, a hydroxyl-radical scavenger, on curcumin-induced chromosomal aberrations in an in vitro mammalian cell system. Antunes, LM; Araújo, MC; Takahashi, CS, 2001)	1.27
"Curcumin is a major component of Curcuma species, which is commonly used as a yellow coloring and flavoring agent in foods. "	( Recent studies on the biofunctions and biotransformations of curcumin. Lin, JK; Lin-Shiau, SY; Pan, MH, 2000)	1.99
"Curcumin is a natural compound showing antiproliferative properties. "	( Curcumin induces the mitochondrial permeability transition pore mediated by membrane protein thiol oxidation. Barthélémy, S; Labidalle, S; Morin, D; Tillement, JP; Zini, R, 2001)	3.2
"Curcumin is a major component of the Curcuma species, which is commonly used as a yellow coloring and flavoring agent in foods. "	( Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Lin, JK; Lin-Shiau, SY, 2001)	2.02
"Curcumin is a major component in Curcuma longa L., being responsible for its biological actions."	( Biological activities of Curcuma longa L. Araújo, CC; Leon, LL, 2001)	1.03
"Curcumin is a compound derived from the spice, tumeric. "	( Inhibition of the SERCA Ca2+ pumps by curcumin. Curcumin putatively stabilizes the interaction between the nucleotide-binding and phosphorylation domains in the absence of ATP. Bilmen, JG; Javed, MH; Khan, SZ; Michelangeli, F, 2001)	2.02
"Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic compound derived from the food spice tumeric with broad based in vitro anti-inflammatory properties."	( Regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by curcumin in hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Durand, M; Jones, CA; Kwong, KY; Literat, A; Minoo, P; Norwicki, M; Ramanathan, R; Su, F, 2001)	1.28
"Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity and inflammation in mouse skin whereas chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid are only weakly active or inactive."	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin and some related dietary compounds on tumor promotion and arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse skin. Abidi, TF; Conney, AH; Ferraro, T; Huang, MT; Laskin, JD; Lysz, T; Manchand, PS, 1991)	1.32
"Curcumin is a yellow-orange compound derived from the root of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae family), that has been used as a medicine, spice and coloring agent. "	( Photokilling of bacteria by the natural dye curcumin. Dahl, TA; McGowan, WM; Shand, MA; Srinivasan, VS, 1989)	1.98
"Curcumin is a well-recognized component of turmeric which contributes to the prevention of multiple inflammatory diseases."	( Turmeric Extract: Potential Use as a Prebiotic and Anti-Inflammatory Compound? Folkerts, G; Ghiamati Yazdi, F; Soleimanian-Zad, S; van den Worm, E, 2019)	1.24
"Curcumin is a yellow pigment obtained from rhizomes of Curcuma longa and is commonly used as a spice and food colouring."	( Oral administration of a turmeric extract inhibits LDL oxidation and has hypocholesterolemic effects in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. Aguilera, MC; Baró, L; Gil, A; Martinez-Victoria, E; Mesa, MD; Quiles, JL; Ramirez-Tortosa, CL; Ramírez-Tortosa, MC, 1999)	1.02

Effects

Curcumin has a role in the treatment of oral premalignant conditions and acts as a very effective chemopreventive agent in the prevention of cancer. Its poor water solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability limit the further application in food and pharmaceutical systems.

Curcumin has been reported to influence many cell-signaling pathways involved in tumor initiation and proliferation. Curcuminoids have been designed not only to improve chemical and metabolic stability of curcumin (CUR), but also to increase its antimicrobial activity.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers."	( Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Abd El-Aleem, SA; Abd El-Hameed, NM; Ali, AH; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, HH, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers."	( Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Abd El-Aleem, SA; Abd El-Hameed, NM; Ali, AH; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, HH, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has a role in the treatment of oral premalignant conditions and acts as a very effective chemopreventive agent in the prevention of cancer."	( A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Curcumin Lozenges (TurmNova Chokotiya, H; Jyoti, B; Kundu, A; Parashar, P; Pradhan, D; Srivastava, R, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its poor water solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability extensively limit the further application in food and pharmaceutical systems. "	( Structural interplay between curcumin and soy protein to improve the water-solubility and stability of curcumin. Du, M; Sun, R; Wang, Y; Wu, C; Xu, X; Zhu, B, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin has a potential therapeutic role in ovarian cancer. "	( Curcumin inhibits ovarian cancer progression by regulating circ-PLEKHM3/miR-320a/SMG1 axis. Fang, H; Sun, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has a wide range of beneficial pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anticancer, anti-diabetes, anti-rheumatism, and increased immunity."	( Curcumin and Its Analogs as Potential Epigenetic Modulators: Prevention of Diabetes and Its Complications. Chen, L; Deng, H; Lin, Y; Liu, S; Liu, Y; Tang, C; Tang, F; Wang, F; Yang, C; Yuan, X; Zhan, L; Zhou, W, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has a wide range of bioactive and pharmacological properties and is commonly used as an adjunct to the treatment of UC and DM."	( Curcumin regulates the homeostasis of Th17/Treg and improves the composition of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice with colitis. Fang, WY; Huang, JQ; Kang, ZP; Li, SS; Liu, DY; Long, J; Wei, SY; Xiao, QP; Zhao, HM; Zhong, YB, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has a plethora of therapeutic applications; however, its low solubility limits its clinical use."	( Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin Incorporated Multi Component Nano-Scaffold with Enhanced Anti-bacterial and Wound Healing Properties. Huang, FY; Kumar, R; Reddy, DNK; Wong, CC; Wu, YY, 2023)	1.91
"Curcumin (CUR) has a bright future in the treatment of cancer as a natural active ingredient with great potential. "	( Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Release of Curcumin-Loaded IRMOF-10 Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Pro-Apoptotic Effects on Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells. Bai, J; Cai, M; Dong, X; Fu, T; Hu, X; Ni, J; Peng, H; Wang, K; Xv, Y; Yin, D; Yin, X, 2022)	2.41
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide range of applications in functional foods. "	( Preparation of curcumin-loaded cochleates: characterisation, stability and antioxidant properties. Chen, L; Ge, X; Liu, Z; Luo, Y; Ni, L; Shen, W; Yue, B; Zhou, Z, 2022)	2.52
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, which can be used to treat tumors, inflammation and other diseases. "	( Bioactivity and Cell Imaging of Antitumor Fluorescent Agents (Curcumin Derivatives) Coated by Two-Way Embedded Cyclodextrin Strategy. Hu, K; Jin, G; Lian, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Zhou, M, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin has a high capacity to form molecular complexes with proteins (such as whey proteins, bovine serum albumin, β-lactoglobulin), carbohydrates, lipids, and natural compounds (e.g., resveratrol, piperine, quercetin)."	( Strategies for Improving Bioavailability, Bioactivity, and Physical-Chemical Behavior of Curcumin. Avram, A; Barbu, I; Mocanu, A; Pop, LC; Racz, CP; Racz, LZ; Roman, I; Sárközi, M; Toma, VA; Tomoaia, G; Tomoaia-Cotisel, M, 2022)	1.66
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and tissue protective. "	( Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Preparation and Its Protective Effect on Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat isolated Cardiomyocytes and Mitochondria. Ebrahimi, HA; Esmaeli, S; Khezri, S; Salimi, A, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin (Cur) has a short duration of action which limits its therapeutic efficacy. "	( Solid lipid nanoparticle as an effective drug delivery system of a novel curcumin derivative: formulation, release Lee, RJ; Li, K; Liu, Z; Pi, C; Pi, F; Song, X; Su, Z; Wei, Y; Wen, J; Yuan, J; Zeng, M; Zhan, C; Zhao, L; Zhao, W, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin has a wide range of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties."	( A Review: Exploring Synthetic Schemes and Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Studies of Mono-carbonyl Curcumin Analogues for Cytotoxicity Inhibitory Anticancer Activity. Bhandari, SV; Kuthe, P; Nagras, O; Patil, SM; Sarkate, AP, 2023)	1.85
"Curcumin has a plethora of biological properties, making this compound potentially effective in the treatment of several diseases, including cancer. "	( Monocarbonyl Analogs of Curcumin with Potential to Treat Colorectal Cancer. Afonso, MB; Awam, S; Clariano, M; Jesus Perry, M; Marques, V; Rodrigues, CMP; Vaz, J, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin has a wide range of mechanisms of action against cervical cancer and may become a novel antitumor drug in the future, opening up new ideas for the research of curcumin in the field of antitumor."	( Basic research on curcumin in cervical cancer: Progress and perspectives. Wang, L; Wang, X; Xia, L; Zhang, H; Zhang, X; Zhu, L, 2023)	1.97
"Curcumin has a beneficial efficacy on cognitive function scores in women with PMS and dysmenorrhea, with improvements in memory, inhibitory control and selective attention. "	( Efficacy of Curcumin on Cognitive Function Scores in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea: A Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Ayadilord, M; Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Jafari-Nozad, AM; Karbasi, S, 2023)	2.73
"Curcumin has a broad-spectrum anti-tumor effect and has no toxic side effects. "	( Strategy of eudragit coated curcumin nanoparticles delivery system: Release and cell imaging studies in simulated gastrointestinal microenvironments. Feng, J; Jin, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Wang, S; Zhou, M, 2023)	2.65
"Curcumin has a multitude of beneficial biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects."	( Curcumin and melphalan cotreatment induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. da Silva, JL; Dos Santos, NAN; Ferreira, C; Fialho, E; Lima, DGV; Passos, CLA; Polinati, RM, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has a therapeutic potential activity through modulation of different signaling pathways in various types of cancer. "	( Curcumin induces DNA damage by mediating homologous recombination mechanism in triple negative breast cancer. Cilingir Kaya, OT; Deveci Ozkan, A; Guney Eskiler, G; Kaleli, S; Sahin, E, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has a protective role in placental diseases like preeclampsia and preterm birth. "	( Curcumin stimulates angiogenesis through VEGF and expression of HLA-G in first-trimester human placental trophoblasts. Basak, S; Duttaroy, AK; Mallepogu, A; Srinivas, V, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has an anti-tumor effect and enhances immune function in prostate cancer-bearing mice."	( [Effects of curcumin on tumor growth and immune function in prostate cancer-bearing mice]. Gong, H; Mao, JL; Xiong, X, 2019)	2.34
"Curcumin has a well-established anti-inflammatory role by regulating numerous transcription factors and cytokines linked to inflammation."	( A systemic review on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol, curcumin, and dietary nitric oxide supplementation on human cardiovascular health. Banez, MJ; Biswas, OS; Bryan, NS; Chandra, A; Geluz, MI; Hamdan, T; Von Schwarz, ER, 2020)	1.5
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and it can be considered a good candidate for the potential treatment of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, although its use in clinical practice is compromised due to its high lipophilicity. "	( Curcumin Containing PEGylated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Systemic Administration: A Preliminary Study. Campisi, A; Carbone, C; Castelli, F; Panico, A; Puglia, C; Santonocito, D; Sarpietro, MG; Siciliano, EA; Sposito, G, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has a proven anticancer potential with known challenges for application as a pharmaceutical agent."	( Bisphosphonate-functionalized micelles for targeted delivery of curcumin to metastatic bone cancer. Kamble, S; Müllner, M; Pelras, T; Rohanizadeh, R; Varamini, P, 2020)	1.52
"Oral curcumin has a strong positive impact on HRQOL. "	( The effect of oral curcumin supplementation on health-related quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Jamialahmadi, T; Johnston, TP; Rahmani, S; Sadeghian, M; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.46
"Curcumin has a therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis, but the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated. "	( Curcumin ameliorates DSS‑induced colitis in mice by regulating the Treg/Th17 signaling pathway. Jin, HT; Li, DF; Li, YX; Liu, TT; Luo, MH; Tang, Q; Wang, JY; Wang, LS; Wei, C; Wu, BH; Xiong, F; Xu, ZL; Yao, J; Yu, ZC; Zhang, DG, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has a significant cardioprotective effect against IRI, can inhibit ventricular remodeling induced by pressure load or MI, and improve cardiac function."	( Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is alleviated by curcumin-peptide hydrogel via upregulating autophagy and protecting mitochondrial function. Huang, MZ; Liao, CL; Liu, HY; Liu, Y; Su, Q; Ye, ZL, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin (Cur) has a beneficial role in preventing metabolic dysfunctions; however, the underlying mechanism are not yet fully understood. "	( Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice associated with activation of FNDC5/irisin. Li, S; Liu, Y; Wang, B; Wang, Z; You, J; Zou, T, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has a vital role in the development of renal carcinoma. "	( Curcumin suppresses renal carcinoma tumorigenesis by regulating circ-FNDC3B/miR-138-5p/IGF2 axis. Qu, W; Tao, Y; Wang, W; Xue, L; Yuan, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (CUR) has an antibacterial action and could be used in the eradication of S."	( Does Curcumin Have an Anticaries Effect? A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Bagherniya, M; Ehteshami, A; Gharibpour, F; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shirban, F, 2021)	1.86
"Curcumin has a great potential for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, but the effect on metabolic reconstruction remains little known."	( Curcumin improves alcoholic fatty liver by inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis. Chen, T; Guo, C; Hu, T; Ma, J; Qiu, L; Wen, L; Zhao, M; Zhong, Q, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has a good regulatory effect on BMSCs and this promising CS-C biomaterial creates a pro-regenerative immune microenvironment for cutaneous wound healing."	( Curcumin-mediated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets create a favorable immune microenvironment for adult full-thickness cutaneous wound healing. Chu, J; Deng, X; He, C; He, J; Liu, H; Yang, Z, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has a good safety profile when used up to several grams."	( [Curcumine (Turmeric - Curcuma longa) as a Supportive Phytotherapeutic Treatment in Oncology]. Frassová, Z; Rudá-Kučerová, J, )	1.76
"Curcumin has a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, one of them is anticancer activity that is mediated through multiple mechanisms. "	( Curcumin Ag nanoconjugates for improved therapeutic effects in cancer. Dhawan, A; Kansara, K; Pandya, A; Patel, P; Savaliya, R; Shah, D; Singh, S, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin (Cur) has a wide range of bioactivities that show potential for the treatment of cancer as well as chronic diseases associated with inflammation and aging. "	( Framboidal Nanoparticles Containing a Curcumin-Phenylboronic Acid Complex with Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activities. Hansen, EM; Hasegawa, U; Morisaki, M; Neng, HI; van der Vlies, AJ, 2019)	2.23
"Curcumin has a variety of biological and pharmacological properties including anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects."	( Oral administration of nanomicelle curcumin in the prevention of radiotherapy-induced mucositis in head and neck cancers. Dalirsani, Z; Delavarian, Z; Ghazi, A; Homaei Shandiz, F; Jaafari, MR; Mohammadpour, AH; Pakfetrat, A; Rahimi, HR, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin has a protective role against ischemia reperfusion injury."	( Protective effects of curcumin supplementation on intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. Belviranlı, M; Gökbel, H; Kumak, A; Okudan, N; Oz, M, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin has a number of chemopreventive properties such as anti-inflammatory activity, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis as well as tumor metastasis."	( [Curcumin in chemoprevention of breast cancer]. Terlikowska, K; Terlikowski, S; Witkowska, A, 2014)	2.03
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical properties such as antitumor, antioxidant, antiamyloid, and anti-inflammatory activity. "	( [Preparation of curcumin-loaded long-circulating liposomes and its pharmacokinetics in rats]. Dai, DB; He, WJ; Li, FZ; Li, G; Song, SC; Wei, YH; Xu, XL; You, J, 2014)	2.19
"Curcumin has a significant effect on the protein level of PBP2a."	( Curcumin reverse methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Choi, JG; Kang, OH; Kim, SB; Kim, YC; Kong, R; Kwon, DY; Mun, SH; Shin, DW, 2014)	2.57
"As curcumin has a potent anti-inflammatory effect with strong therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers, our present study aims to investigate its curative effects and the possible mechanisms of action against DENA-induced HCC in male rats."	( Curcumin ameliorate DENA-induced HCC via modulating TGF-β, AKT, and caspase-3 expression in experimental rat model. Abd El-Aziz, EA; Abd El-Aziz, HO; Abd El-Ghany, AA; Abdel Aziz, MA; Abouzied, MM; Ahmed, NS; Eltahir, HM, 2015)	2.37
"Curcumin has a high quenching constant (K SV ~ 10(4) M (-1)) and moderate binding affinity (n ~ 0.5)."	( Inter-domain helix h10DOMI-h1DOMII is important in the molecular interaction of bovine serum albumin with curcumin: spectroscopic and computational analysis. Jairajpuri, MA; Kapil, C; Pangeni, D; Sen, P, 2015)	1.35
"Curcumin has a wide range biological functions, especially as an antioxidant."	( Protective effects of curcumin on acute gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Chen, X; He, L; Liu, F; Liu, G; Liu, H; Peng, X; Peng, Y; Tang, C; Zhu, J, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin has a potential anti-anxiety effect in individuals with obesity."	( An investigation of the effects of curcumin on anxiety and depression in obese individuals: A randomized controlled trial. Esmaily, H; Ferns, G; Ganjali, S; Ghayour-Mobarhan, M; Iranshahi, M; Mohammadi, A; Sahebkar, A, 2015)	2.14
"Curcumin has a therapeutic potential in treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) while potential mechanisms underlining this beneficial effect remain to be elucidated. "	( Curcumin attenuates urinary excretion of albumin in type II diabetic patients with enhancing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) system and repressing inflammatory signaling efficacies. Chen, L; Li, X; Liu, J; Weng, J; Xu, W; Yang, H; Yu, Z; Zhou, Z, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. "	( Investigating the effect of gallium curcumin and gallium diacetylcurcumin complexes on the structure, function and oxidative stability of the peroxidase enzyme and their anticancer and antibacterial activities. Hamidi, A; Hassani, L; Jahangoshaei, P; Mohammadi, F; Mohammadi, K, 2015)	2.13
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial, wound healing, antiatherosclerotic, hepatoprotective and anti-carcinogenic. "	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles in human lung cancer cells. Choudhary, B; Mahadik, K; Patil, S; Rathore, A; Roy, K, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin treatment has a protective effect against intestinal damage induced by BDL. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Intestinal Damage in Cholestatic Rats. Kanter, B; Kanter, M; Kostek, O; Mutlu, HH; Takir, M; Toprak, AE, 2016)	2.19
"Curcumin has a cytoprotective effect, and may therefore be useful for the protection of islets under hypoxia."	( Peptide micelle-mediated curcumin delivery for protection of islet β-cells under hypoxia. Han, J; Ihm, SH; Lee, M; Oh, J, 2016)	1.46
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, yet problems of its bioavailability remained a major challenge in preclinical studies. "	( Biocompatibility and drug release behavior of curcumin conjugated gold nanoparticles from aminosilane-functionalized electrospun poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) fibers. Gunawan, F; Ismadji, S; Kurniawan, A; Nugraha, AT; Wang, MJ, 2017)	2.16
"Curcumin has a potential role in the treatment of melanoma, though further studies are necessary to explore its clinical efficacy."	( Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Lelli, D; Pedone, C; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of chemo-preventive and chemo-therapeutic activities and is under investigation for the treatment of various human cancers. "	( Exploration and synthesis of curcumin analogues with improved structural stability both in vitro and in vivo as cytotoxic agents. Chu, Y; Li, X; Liang, G; Shao, L; Wang, Y; Xiao, J; Yang, S; Zhao, C; Zhao, Y, 2009)	2.09
"Curcumin has a long history of use as a traditional remedy and food in Asia. "	( REVIEW: Curcumin and Alzheimer's disease. Hamaguchi, T; Ono, K; Yamada, M, 2010)	2.24
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, but it has not yet been approved as a therapeutic agent because of its low solubility and stability in aqueous solution, and the relatively low bioavailability in vivo. "	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	2.06
"Curcumin has a rather broad absorption peak in the range 300-500 nm (maximum approximately 430 nm) and has potential as a photosensitiser for treatment of localised superficial infections in e.g., the mouth or skin."	( Photokilling of bacteria by curcumin in selected polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) preparations. Studies on curcumin and curcuminoids, XLI. Bruzell, E; Haukvik, T; Kristensen, S; Tønnesen, HH, 2010)	1.38
"Curcumin has a potent antiproliferative activity and can also potentiate the antitumor effect of gemcitabine. "	( Curcumin and gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Badmaev, V; Bar-Sela, G; Epelbaum, R; Schaffer, M; Vizel, B, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has a unique structure with phenolic hydroxyl group as well as β-diketone moiety in the same molecule, both of which are able to donate electrons to free radicals."	( Significant enhancement in radical-scavenging activity of curcuminoids conferred by acetoxy substituent at the central methylene carbon. Chong, Y; Jeong, W; Kang, J; Kim, MK, 2011)	1.33
"Curcumin, which has a long history as a dietary spice is known to suppress the growth of multiple cancer lines, but the effects on mesothelioma cells are not well defined."	( Curcumin induces autophagy in ACC-MESO-1 cells. Asakura, K; Hayashi, Y; Izumi, Y; Nomori, H; Yamauchi, Y, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. "	( Biliary excretion of curcumin is mediated by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. Lee, JH; Lee, YJ; Oh, JH, 2012)	2.14
"Curcumin has a variety of pharmacological effects. "	( In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of nanostructured lipid curcumin carriers for intragastric administration. Bao, W; Fang, M; Gao, H; Jin, Y; Liu, L; Wang, D; Wang, X; Xu, M; Yao, P, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin has a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity and might be clinically useful."	( Effect of curcumin on dexamethasone-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Khaghani, S; Khorsandi, L; Mirhoseini, M; Mohamadpour, M; Orazizadeh, M, 2013)	1.51
"Curcumin has a protective effect on radiation-induced cutaneous damage in mice, which is characterized by a downregulation of both inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines in irradiated skin and muscle, particularly in the early phase after radiation. "	( Curcumin protects against radiation-induced acute and chronic cutaneous toxicity in mice and decreases mRNA expression of inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines. Ding, I; Hu, D; Liu, W; Morrow, G; Okunieff, P; Pentland, A; Ryan, JL; Xu, J; Zhang, L, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin has an inhibitory effect on two groups of proteinases involved in angiogenesis that are the members of the matrix metalloproteinase family and the urokinase plasminogen activator family."	( Curcumin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Arbiser, JL; Bhandarkar, SS, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has an outstanding safety profile and a number of pleiotropic actions with potential for neuroprotective efficacy, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-protein-aggregate activities."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin. Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Teter, B, 2007)	1.36
"Curcumin (U1) has a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects such as antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antispasmodic activities. "	( Nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of curcuminoids. Osawa, T, 2007)	2.04
"Curcumin has a potent anticancer effect and is a promising new therapeutic strategy. "	( Roles of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in curcumin-induced autophagy. Kondo, S; Kondo, Y; Shinojima, N; Yokoyama, T, )	1.81
"Curcumin has an ameliorative effect on sperm parameters and improves morphologic features of sperm in mice."	( Curcumin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced toxicity in mice spermatozoa. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity."	( Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trials. Cho, J; Hatcher, H; Planalp, R; Torti, FM; Torti, SV, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin has an inhibitory concentration50 (IC50) for strand transfer of 40 microM."	( Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase by curcumin. Kohn, KW; Mazumder, A; Pommier, Y; Raghavan, K; Weinstein, J, 1995)	1.25
"Curcumin has an extensive history as a food additive and herbal medicine in India and is also a potent polyphenolic antioxidant."	( The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. Beech, W; Chu, T; Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Lim, GP; Yang, F, 2001)	1.38
"Curcumin has recently been classified as both a PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds) and an IMPS (invalid metabolic panaceas) candidate."	( The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Curcumin. Bisson, J; Dahlin, JL; Graham, J; Nelson, KM; Pauli, GF; Walters, MA, 2017)	1.45
"Curcumin has been examined in a number of clinical studies with limited success, mainly owing to limited bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by enone analogues of curcumin. Deck, LM; Hunsaker, LA; Royer, RE; Vander Jagt, DL; Vander Jagt, TA; Whalen, LJ, 2018)	1.44
"Curcumin (Cur) has been shown to inhibit proliferation of prolactinoma cell lines."	( Curcumin Sensitizes Prolactinoma Cells to Bromocriptine by Activating the ERK/EGR1 and Inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Cai, X; Ma, C; Tang, C; Yang, J; Yuan, F; Zhu, J, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin (C) has been extensively investigated in different types of malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma, but its physicochemical properties have significantly influenced its clinical use."	( Combination of curcumin with N-n-butyl haloperidol iodide inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma malignant proliferation by downregulating enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) - lncRNA H19 to silence Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Chen, L; Feng, H; Huang, D; Khan, H; Ni, Z; Niu, Y; Shi, G; Wu, X; Xing, Y, 2021)	1.7
"Curcuminoids have been designed not only to improve chemical and metabolic stability of curcumin (CUR), but also to increase its antimicrobial activity, without effecting its ability as photosensitizer agent in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with light emitting diode (LED). "	( Antibiofilm and cytotoxic effect of 3,3'-dihydroxycurcumin (DHC) as photosensitizer agent in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for endodontic purposes. Caiaffa, KS; Dos Santos, V; Duque, C; Pereira, JA; Polaquini, CR; Rabelo, RL; Regasini, LO; Theodoro, LH; Theodoro, RDS, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers."	( Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Abd El-Aleem, SA; Abd El-Hameed, NM; Ali, AH; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, HH, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers."	( Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Abd El-Aleem, SA; Abd El-Hameed, NM; Ali, AH; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, HH, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has received considerable interest in functional food areas due to its variety of biological effects. "	( Encapsulation of curcumin in CD-MOFs: promoting its incorporation into water-based products and consumption. Sheng, J; Sun, Q; Yang, R, 2021)	2.4
"Curcumin has a role in the treatment of oral premalignant conditions and acts as a very effective chemopreventive agent in the prevention of cancer."	( A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Curcumin Lozenges (TurmNova Chokotiya, H; Jyoti, B; Kundu, A; Parashar, P; Pradhan, D; Srivastava, R, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin has synergistic effects with antineoplastics such as 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin, as well anti-inflammatory drugs by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 and the Nuclear factor kappa B."	( Curcuma as an adjuvant in colorectal cancer treatment. González-Chavarría, I; Paz, C; Perez, R; Sterner, O; Villegas, C, 2021)	1.34
"Curcumin has been widely studied due to the variety of its biological activities, attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers, Muscle Damage, and Sports Performance during Acute Physical Exercise in Sedentary Individuals. da Conceição, AR; Della Lucia, CM; Dias, KA; Gonçalves, RV; Monte, LF; Novaes, RD; Oliveira, LA; Paes, SDS; Pereira, SMS; Sarandy, MM, 2021)	1.73
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its poor water solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability extensively limit the further application in food and pharmaceutical systems. "	( Structural interplay between curcumin and soy protein to improve the water-solubility and stability of curcumin. Du, M; Sun, R; Wang, Y; Wu, C; Xu, X; Zhu, B, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin has become increasingly popular in functional foods and beverages field as a result of its high biological activity. "	( Fabrication and characterization of octenyl succinic anhydride modified pullulan micelles for encapsulating curcumin. Geng, Z; Liu, Y; Rehman, A; Tong, Q; Xu, W; Yin, L; Zhao, L, 2022)	2.38
"Curcumin has a potential therapeutic role in ovarian cancer. "	( Curcumin inhibits ovarian cancer progression by regulating circ-PLEKHM3/miR-320a/SMG1 axis. Fang, H; Sun, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has been proved to affect the progression of T2DM."	( Improvement of intestinal barrier function, gut microbiota, and metabolic endotoxemia in type 2 diabetes rats by curcumin. Guan, B; Huang, J; Lin, L; Wang, Y, 2021)	1.55
"Curcumin (CUR) has interesting properties to cure cancer. "	( Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Curcumin in Melanoma Cancer. Biparva, P; Kardan, M; Mehrabanjoubani, P; Rafiei, A; Yazdani, Z, 2021)	2.32
"Curcumin has a wide range of beneficial pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anticancer, anti-diabetes, anti-rheumatism, and increased immunity."	( Curcumin and Its Analogs as Potential Epigenetic Modulators: Prevention of Diabetes and Its Complications. Chen, L; Deng, H; Lin, Y; Liu, S; Liu, Y; Tang, C; Tang, F; Wang, F; Yang, C; Yuan, X; Zhan, L; Zhou, W, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has also shown some promise in the cryoprotection of sperm samples through its antioxidant potential."	( Protective Effects of Curcumin in the Reproductive System: Anti-toxic, Semen Cryopreservative, and Contraceptive Actions. Behnam, B; Henney, NC; Jamialahmadi, T; Riahi, MM; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin has shown broad spectrum antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential."	( Antibacterial activity of supernatants of Lactoccocus lactis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus and curcumin against Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro study. Ávila-Blanco, ME; Ibarra-Martínez, D; Martínez-Hernández, SL; Muñoz-Ortega, MH; Quintanar-Stephano, A; Ventura-Juárez, J, 2022)	1.65
"Curcumin has numerous medicinal uses, mostly attributed to its potent antioxidant properties."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on the cerebellum in a rotenone-induced Parkinson's Disease Model. Abdel Gawad, S; Fikry, H; Saleh, LA, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin has been termed "the magic molecule", and it was proven to exert several therapeutic actions."	( Curcumin nanoemulsion ameliorates brain injury in diabetic rats. Abdel Jaleel, GA; El-Awdan, SA; Hassan, A; Nasr, M; Saleh, DO, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CUR) has significant effects on immune regulation and anti-oxidation."	( Curcumin activates the Nrf2 Pathway to alleviate AFB1-induced immunosuppression in the spleen of ducklings. Chen, Z; Hu, L; Huang, R; Jiang, X; Rao, G; Ruan, Z; Tang, L; Tang, Z; Wan, F; Wu, S; Zhong, G, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has been used for the purpose of treating various illnesses from time immemorial."	( Antibiofilm Effect of Curcumin Against Staphylococcus aureus Surface Wound Biofilm-Associated Infection: In Vitro and In Silico. Gao, K; Zhang, B; Zhao, F, 2023)	1.95
"Curcumin has been proven to be beneficial in cancer therapy due to its multiple effects on cell signaling pathways, although the application of curcumin is limited due to its low oral bioavailability."	( Polymeric nanomicelles of curcumin: Potential applications in cancer. Farhoudi, L; Johnston, TP; Kesharwani, P; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin has a wide range of bioactive and pharmacological properties and is commonly used as an adjunct to the treatment of UC and DM."	( Curcumin regulates the homeostasis of Th17/Treg and improves the composition of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice with colitis. Fang, WY; Huang, JQ; Kang, ZP; Li, SS; Liu, DY; Long, J; Wei, SY; Xiao, QP; Zhao, HM; Zhong, YB, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CUR) has been reported to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy of oxaliplatin (OXA) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and inhibit OXA-induced side effects. "	( Hyaluronic Acid-Zein Core-Shell Nanoparticles Improve the Anticancer Effect of Curcumin Alone or in Combination with Oxaliplatin against Colorectal Cancer via CD44-Mediated Cellular Uptake. Chen, F; Cheng, KW; Liu, L; Yang, S, 2022)	2.39
"Curcumin has multiple functions, such as inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, tumor cell proliferation, cell death, and infection."	( Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin in systemic autoimmune diseases. Abbasifard, M; Chamani, S; Johnston, TP; Majeed, M; Moossavi, M; Naghizadeh, A; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin, which has antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells, is thought to be effective in cancer treatment."	( Antiproliferative Effects of Curcumin Different Types of Breast Cancer. Guneydas, G; Topcul, MR, 2022)	2.46
"Curcumin has protective actions in neuropsychiatric disorders, acting as a neuroprotective agent. "	( Curcumin for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and preliminary behavioral investigation. Antunes, FTT; Batista, MCC; Caminski, ES; Dallegrave, E; de Andrade Alvarenga, W; de Moura, MSB; de Sousa Macedo, LLB; de Souza, AH; Farias, MNL; Grivicich, I, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to be able to modulate gene transcription and reduce ganglion cell apoptosis, downgrade VEGF, modulate glucose levels and decrease vascular dysfunction."	( Curcumin in Retinal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review from Bench to Bedside. Allegrini, D; Borgia, A; Cancian, G; De Rosa, FP; Montesano, G; Raimondi, R; Romano, MR; Sorrentino, T; Tsoutsanis, P; Verma, Y, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has a plethora of therapeutic applications; however, its low solubility limits its clinical use."	( Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin Incorporated Multi Component Nano-Scaffold with Enhanced Anti-bacterial and Wound Healing Properties. Huang, FY; Kumar, R; Reddy, DNK; Wong, CC; Wu, YY, 2023)	1.91
"Curcumin has been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. "	( Effect of Curcumin on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line HN5. Abdolahinia, ED; Aghbali, A; Ahmadian, S; Alsharif, KF; Bohlouli, S; Dizaj, SM; Gharehbagh, FJ; Jahandizi, NG; Khan, H; Saadat, YR; Sharifi, S; Vahed, SZ, 2023)	2.76
"Curcumin has proven to be a cancer treatment due to its broad anticancer spectrum, high efficiency and low toxic level."	( Interaction of curcumin with glioblastoma cells via high and low linear energy transfer radiation therapy inducing radiosensitization effects. Jang, WI; Jeong, HJ; Jung, CW; Kim, EH; Kim, HJ; Kim, JY; Lee, WS; Park, MJ, 2022)	1.8
"Curcumin has been reported to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and so on. "	( Curcumin alleviated lipopolysaccharide-evoked H9c2 cells damage via suppression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1/CD40/NF-κB signaling. Li, X; Liu, Y; Zhao, Y, )	3.02
"Curcumin has attracted much attention due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. "	( Peroxiredoxin 6 mediates the protective function of curcumin pretreatment in acute lung injury induced by serum from patients undergoing one-lung ventilation in vitro. Cao, LH; Chi, XJ; Li, HT; Lin, WQ; Tan, F; Tan, HY; Zeng, WA; Zhang, TH, 2022)	2.41
"Curcumin has been found to be effective in suppressing various phases of colorectal cancer development."	( Specific metabolic response of patient-derived organoids to curcumin of colorectal cancer. Chen, L; Dai, Z; Du, JL; Fu, J; Ge, C; Huang, D; Pan, K; Xu, W; Zhou, X, 2022)	1.68
"Curcumin has been suggested as a promising treatment for metabolic diseases, but the high doses required limit its therapeutic use. "	( Improvement of Glycaemia and Endothelial Function by a New Low-Dose Curcuminoid in an Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Cabral, C; Cruz, T; Fernandes, R; Henriques, R; Matafome, P; Monteiro-Alfredo, T; Oliveira, S; Piedade, F; Ribeiro, CF; Robalo, MP; Seiça, R; Silva, S, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin has been used as an analgesic adjuvant with several analgesic drugs, allowing synergistic antinociceptive effects."	( Curcumin and metformin synergistically modulate peripheral and central immune mechanisms of pain. Dasuni Wasana, PW; Muangnoi, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P; Vajragupta, O, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has shown remarkable therapeutic utilization for various medical conditions. "	( Metallosurfactant based synthetic liposomes as a substitute for phospholipids to safely store curcumin. Chaudhary, GR; Kaur, B; Kaur, G; Kaur, N; Sharma, T, 2022)	2.38
"Curcumin has higher docking scores than other genes with INS and PPARG (docking scores: -8.3 and -5.8, respectively)."	( The protective effects of curcumin on metabolic syndrome and its components: In-silico analysis for genes, transcription factors, and microRNAs involved. Kim, MS; Nguyen, HD, 2022)	1.74
"Curcumin has been confirmed to exert anti-inflammatory effects in bronchial asthma and osteoarthritis by regulating the balance of Treg/Th17 cells."	( Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin in a Rat Model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating the Balance of Treg/Th17 Cells. Guo, J; Sun, M; Xu, LF; Zhang, YY, 2022)	1.75
"Curcumin (CUR) has a bright future in the treatment of cancer as a natural active ingredient with great potential. "	( Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Release of Curcumin-Loaded IRMOF-10 Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Pro-Apoptotic Effects on Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells. Bai, J; Cai, M; Dong, X; Fu, T; Hu, X; Ni, J; Peng, H; Wang, K; Xv, Y; Yin, D; Yin, X, 2022)	2.41
"Curcumin has antioxidant activity that can significantly reduce oxidative stress levels."	( Effects of ERCC5 rs751402 Polymorphism on Oxidative Stress and the Impact of Curcumin on Catalase Activity in Breast Carcinogenesis. Pongsavee, M, 2022)	1.67
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit diabetes-related enzymes, such as a-glucosidase, aldose reductase and aldose reductase inhibitors."	( How Curcumin Targets Inflammatory Mediators in Diabetes: Therapeutic Insights and Possible Solutions. Alam, W; Alotaibi, G; Aschner, M; Hussain, Y; Jeandet, P; Khan, F; Khan, H; Saso, L, 2022)	2
"Curcumin has been studied as a therapeutic drug for wound healing because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial activities."	( Overexpression of TRPM7 promotes the therapeutic effect of curcumin in wound healing through the STAT3/SMAD3 signaling pathway in human fibroblasts. Lei, S; Li, H; Wang, H; Yan, L; Zhang, H, 2023)	1.87
"Curcumin has been reported to possess anti-inflammation activities to protect cells."	( Curcumin protect Schwann cells from inflammation response and apoptosis induced by high glucose through the NF-κB pathway. Chen, L; Li, X; Tan, W; Tu, S; Wu, T, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (CUR) has been studied for its biomedical applications due to its active biological properties. "	( Biocompatibility Study of Curcumin-Loaded Pluronic F127 Nanoformulation (NanoCUR) against the Embryonic Development of Zebrafish ( Abdullah, SNS; Md Yasin, F; Muhamad Zamani, ZH; Sarchio, SNE; Shamsi, S; Subramaniam, KA, 2022)	2.46
"Curcumin has demonstrated potential cytotoxicity across various cell lines despite its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism. "	( Curcumin piperidone derivatives induce anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects in LN-18 human glioblastoma cells. A Jamal, AR; Chan, KM; Kamaluddin, NF; Lam, KW; Rajab, NF; Razali, NSC, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects."	( The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: A systematic review. Horn, AP; Marinho, MAG; Marques, MS; Vian, CO, 2022)	1.8
"Curcumin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects which may be potential used to protect against renal damage."	( Curcumin enhances p-cresyl sulfate-induced cytotoxic effects on renal tubular cells. Chen, YL; Chien, YC; Pan, YR; Wei, CW; Wu, JY; Wu, SC; Wu, TK; Yiang, GT; Yu, YL, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has been shown to exert glucose-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic effects in type 2 diabetes."	( Curcumin Offers No Additional Benefit to Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Asbaghi, O; Askari, B; de Courten, B; Hekmatdoost, A; Hoseinian, P; Mafi, D; Naseri, K; Saadati, S; Yari, Z, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has anticancer activity against aggressive cancers, such as leukemia, and GBM; however, its application is limited by its low solubility and bioavailability."	( Identification of potential targets of the curcumin analog CCA-1.1 for glioblastoma treatment : integrated computational analysis and in vitro study. Hanif, N; Hermawan, A; Ikawati, M; Jenie, RI; Tafrihani, AS; Utomo, RY; Wulandari, F, 2022)	1.71
"Curcumin has been known as a dietary spice, food additive, and traditional medicine since many years ago."	( Curcumin Combats against Organophosphate Pesticides Toxicity: A Review of the Current Evidence and Molecular Pathways. Aschner, M; Farkhondeh, T; Jafari, A; Jafari-Nozad, AM; Samarghandian, S, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has been testified to repress the development of multiple tumor cells. "	( Curcumin suppresses colorectal cancer development with epithelial-mesenchymal transition via modulating circular RNA HN1/miR-302a-3p/PIK3R3 axis. Sun, Y; Wu, Z; Yu, H; Zhao, X, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin has drawn much attention in recent years of biomedical research owing to its wide variety of biologic and pharmacologic actions."	( A Unifying Perspective in Blunting the Limited Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin: A Succinct Look. Alqahtani, A; Alqahtani, T; Balakumar, P; Lakshmiraj, RS; Rupeshkumar, M; Singh, G; Sundram, K; Thangathirupathi, A, 2022)	1.68
"Curcumin (CUR) has been reported to provide neuroprotective effects on neurological disorders and modulate the gut flora in intestinal-related diseases."	( Curcumin-driven reprogramming of the gut microbiota and metabolome ameliorates motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Cui, C; Han, Y; Li, G; Li, H; Yu, H; Zhang, B, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has been widely used in cancer treatment due to its ability to trigger cell death and suppress metastasis."	( Curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers: Therapeutic targets, challenges and prospects. Barati, M; Entezari, M; Hashemi, M; Hejazi, ES; Kakavand, A; Kalbasi, A; Mirzaei, S; Rashidi, M; Salimimoghadam, S; Sethi, G; Taheriazam, A, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has been demonstrated effective antiviral activity on SGIV infection."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin on Singapore grouper iridovirus infection-associated apoptosis and autophagy in vitro. Han, C; Huang, Y; Qin, Q; Wang, Y; Wei, J; Wei, S; Xu, S, 2022)	1.76
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide range of applications in functional foods. "	( Preparation of curcumin-loaded cochleates: characterisation, stability and antioxidant properties. Chen, L; Ge, X; Liu, Z; Luo, Y; Ni, L; Shen, W; Yue, B; Zhou, Z, 2022)	2.52
"Curcumin has been used as a photosensitizer (PS) for antimicrobial photodynamic chemotherapy (PACT). "	( Effect of curcumin-loaded photoactivatable polymeric nanoparticle on peri-implantitis-related biofilm. Chorilli, M; Duarte, S; Panariello, B; Spolidorio, DMP; Tonon, CC, 2022)	2.57
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, which can be used to treat tumors, inflammation and other diseases. "	( Bioactivity and Cell Imaging of Antitumor Fluorescent Agents (Curcumin Derivatives) Coated by Two-Way Embedded Cyclodextrin Strategy. Hu, K; Jin, G; Lian, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Zhou, M, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin has shown potent anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects and is considered a hot spot in the research and development of anti-tumor drugs due to its advantages of precise efficacy, lower toxic side effects, and less drug resistance."	( Curcumin Targeting Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Therapeutic and Biomarker Implications. Bian, Y; Chai, R; Chen, Y; Li, J; Wang, X; Zhao, S, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has a high capacity to form molecular complexes with proteins (such as whey proteins, bovine serum albumin, β-lactoglobulin), carbohydrates, lipids, and natural compounds (e.g., resveratrol, piperine, quercetin)."	( Strategies for Improving Bioavailability, Bioactivity, and Physical-Chemical Behavior of Curcumin. Avram, A; Barbu, I; Mocanu, A; Pop, LC; Racz, CP; Racz, LZ; Roman, I; Sárközi, M; Toma, VA; Tomoaia, G; Tomoaia-Cotisel, M, 2022)	1.66
"Curcumin has attracted more attention because of its inhibition efficacy on protein amyloid fibrillation. "	( Effect of mono- and diketone group in curcumin analogues on amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme. Ba, X; Dong, J; Gao, X; Li, J; Wang, S; Wu, Y; Zhang, Y, 2023)	2.62
"Curcumin has been reported to have remarkable medicinal properties in several diseases, but its poor solubility limits its therapeutic potency."	( The inhibitory effect of Curcumin-Artemisinin co-amorphous on Tau aggregation and Tau phosphorylation. Chandrashekar, M; Chinnathambi, S; Dubey, T; Mannava, MC; Nangia, AK; Sonawane, SK, 2023)	1.93
"Curcumin has been employed as a photosensitizer agent during photodynamic therapy (PDT). "	( Low curcumin concentrations combined with blue light inhibits cutibacterium acnes biofilm-induced inflammatory response through suppressing MAPK and NF-κB in keratinocytes. Chen, X; Duan, Z; He, Y; Li, M; Liu, Y; Xu, H; Yang, L; Zeng, R; Zheng, N; Zhou, M, 2022)	2.72
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and tissue protective. "	( Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Preparation and Its Protective Effect on Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat isolated Cardiomyocytes and Mitochondria. Ebrahimi, HA; Esmaeli, S; Khezri, S; Salimi, A, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin has various biological functions, including anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties."	( Anthocyanins and Curcumin: Possible Abilities of Prevention of Diabetes and Obesity via Stimulation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion and Induction of Beige Adipocyte Formation. Tsuda, T, 2022)	1.78
"Curcumin has gained attention for many beneficial effects after IS, including neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory; however, its precise mechanism of action should be further explored."	( Curcumin's mechanism of action against ischemic stroke: A network pharmacology and molecular dynamics study. Han, T; Tang, J; Wang, Y; Yu, Y; Zhang, C; Zu, G, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin (Cur) has a short duration of action which limits its therapeutic efficacy. "	( Solid lipid nanoparticle as an effective drug delivery system of a novel curcumin derivative: formulation, release Lee, RJ; Li, K; Liu, Z; Pi, C; Pi, F; Song, X; Su, Z; Wei, Y; Wen, J; Yuan, J; Zeng, M; Zhan, C; Zhao, L; Zhao, W, 2022)	2.4
"Curcumin (cur) has recently received increasing attention due to its anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin attenuates memory impairments and long-term potentiation deficits by damping hippocampal inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-challenged rats. Basir, Z; Farbood, Y; Hajipour, S; Khoshnam, SE; Navabi, SP; Sarkaki, A; Vastegani, SM, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has a wide range of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties."	( A Review: Exploring Synthetic Schemes and Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Studies of Mono-carbonyl Curcumin Analogues for Cytotoxicity Inhibitory Anticancer Activity. Bhandari, SV; Kuthe, P; Nagras, O; Patil, SM; Sarkate, AP, 2023)	1.85
"As curcumin has demonstrated neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory activity, we fabricated a 300 nm-thick intracortical microelectrode coating consisting of a polyurethane copolymer of curcumin and polyethylene glycol (PEG), denoted as poly(curcumin-PEG"	( Development of a Slow-Degrading Polymerized Curcumin Coating for Intracortical Microelectrodes. Amato, DN; Bajalo, N; Balouch, B; Bao, J; Cao, D; Capadona, JR; Ereifej, ES; Funnell, JL; Gilbert, RJ; Oprea, I; Palermo, EF; Rende, D; Wich, D; Woodson, MCC; Ziemba, AM, 2023)	1.69
"Curcumin has been reported to protect organs against the disturbance of homeostasis caused by various toxic agents through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury through Bimodal Regulation of Macrophage Inflammation via NF-κB and Nrf2. Kim, HD; Lee, JH; Lee, MK; Lee, SH, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has several potential properties such as anti-inflammatory, healing, and antimicrobial activities."	( Designing and characterization of curcumin-loaded nanotechnological dressings: A promising platform for skin burn treatment. Campello Yurgel, V; de Moraes Soares Araújo, G; Isabel Saì Loureiro, A; Lima Dora, C; Lima Rodrigues, J; Manuel Cavaco Paulo, A; Silva, C, 2023)	1.91
"Curcumin has a plethora of biological properties, making this compound potentially effective in the treatment of several diseases, including cancer. "	( Monocarbonyl Analogs of Curcumin with Potential to Treat Colorectal Cancer. Afonso, MB; Awam, S; Clariano, M; Jesus Perry, M; Marques, V; Rodrigues, CMP; Vaz, J, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin (Cur) has been suggested as a complementary treatment for cardiovascular diseases. "	( Treatment for Myocardial Infarction: In Vivo Evaluation of Curcumin-Loaded PEGylated-GQD Nanoparticles. Ansari-Asl, Z; Farrokhi, MS; Jafari, E; Jafarinejad-Farsangi, S; Rostamzadeh, F, 2023)	2.6
"Curcumin has been shown to reduce Aβ-induced toxicity; however, due to its low bioavailability, clinical trials showed no remarkable effect on cognitive function."	( The Curcumin Derivative GT863 Protects Cell Membranes in Cytotoxicity by Aβ Oligomers. Ito, N; Kimura, AM; Kiuchi, Y; Momma, Y; Nagata, M; Nakamura, S; Nohara, T; Oguchi, T; Ohashi, H; Ono, K; Tsuji, M; Yamamoto, K, 2023)	2.19
"Curcumin has been reported to exhibit free radical antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, which are beneficial for nutraceutical applications. "	( Lactoferrin-Based Ternary Composite Nanoparticles with Enhanced Dispersibility and Stability for Curcumin Delivery. Chen, S; Gu, Q; He, Y; Li, X; Liu, F; Liu, X; McClements, DJ; Zhang, S, 2023)	2.57
"Curcumin has been widely used for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects."	( Curcumin promotes microglial M2 polarization and suppresses chronic constriction: Injury-induced neuropathic pain in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Chen, PH; Chen, SH; Huang, CT; Lue, JH; Tsai, YJ, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has a wide range of mechanisms of action against cervical cancer and may become a novel antitumor drug in the future, opening up new ideas for the research of curcumin in the field of antitumor."	( Basic research on curcumin in cervical cancer: Progress and perspectives. Wang, L; Wang, X; Xia, L; Zhang, H; Zhang, X; Zhu, L, 2023)	1.97
"Curcumin has recently attracted more attention for managing the side effects of breast cancer treatments."	( Impact of Curcumin Supplementation on Radiation Dermatitis Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Abbasi, K; Afsharfar, M; Alami, F; Alizadeh, A; Bakhshi Nafouti, F; Doaei, S; Gholamalizadeh, M; Khalatbari Mohseni, G; Mirzaei Dahka, S; Shafahi Kachaei, H; Shekari, S; Sohouli, MH; Tajaddod, S, 2023)	2.03
"Curcumin (CUR) has been discovered to have many biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxygenation, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-microbial and exhibits a good effect on the prevention and treatment of many diseases. "	( Polysaccharides-based nanocarriers enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin. Bai, L; Li, Z; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Luo, W; Shi, A; Tang, X; Xia, P; Xu, M; Yu, P; Zhang, D; Zhang, J, 2023)	2.58
"Curcumin has a beneficial efficacy on cognitive function scores in women with PMS and dysmenorrhea, with improvements in memory, inhibitory control and selective attention. "	( Efficacy of Curcumin on Cognitive Function Scores in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea: A Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Ayadilord, M; Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Jafari-Nozad, AM; Karbasi, S, 2023)	2.73
"Curcumin has been reported bringing a positive impact on COVID-19 and long COVID."	( The Role of Mitochondria in Phytochemically Mediated Disease Amelioration. Ho, CT; Koh, YC; Pan, MH, 2023)	1.63
"Curcumin has been encapsulated in both types of nanoparticles without altering their colloidal properties."	( Maslinic acid solid lipid nanoparticles as hydrophobic anticancer drug carriers: Formulation, in vitro activity and in vivo biodistribution. Aguilera-Garrido, A; Galisteo-González, F; Gálvez-Ruiz, MJ; Graván, P; Marchal, JA; Medina-O'Donnell, M; Navarro-Marchal, SA; Parra, A, 2023)	1.63
"Curcumin has shown a wide range of pleiotropic anti-proliferative effect in multiple cancers and is a known inhibitor of varied oncogenic elements, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), c-myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, VEGF, COX-2, NOS, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins, and MMP-9."	( Curcumin: The Golden Nutraceutical on the Road to Cancer Prevention and Therapeutics. A Clinical Perspective. Hegde, M; Kumar, A; Kunnumakkara, AB; Parama, D, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin has antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, and its therapeutic effect must be considered. "	( Curcumin nanocapsules effect in apoptotic processes, gene expression, and cell cycle on Hep-G2 cell lines. Moawad, M; Nasr, GM; Osman, AS; Shaker, ES, )	3.02
"Curcumin has long been recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Mono-Carbonyl Curcumin Analogs for Cancer Therapy. Iwabuchi, Y; MaruYama, T; Shibata, H; Yamakoshi, H, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin has the propensity to inhibit cancer growth, slow cancer development, increase chemotherapy effectiveness, and shield healthy cells from radiation treatment harm. "	( Design and Evaluation of SLNs Encapsulated Curcumin-based Topical Formulation for the Management of Cervical Cancer. Arora, D; Ashique, S; Gupta, GD; Haider, T; Mishra, N; Pandey, V; Singhai, M, 2023)	2.62
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to retard the entrance of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, interfere with its proliferation inside cells, and curb the hyperinflammatory state caused by the virus by modulating immune system regulators, minimizing the cytokine storm effect, and modulating the renin-angiotensin system."	( Antiviral Mechanisms of Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Review. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Golpour-Hamedani, S; Guest, PC; Majeed, M; Pourmasoumi, M; Sahebkar, A, 2023)	1.94
"Curcumin has been shown to have anti-tumor proliferative properties, but its clinical application is limited by its low bioavailability, etc. "	( Curcumin derivative NL01 induces ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells via HCAR1/MCT1 signaling. Ge, RS; Li, H; Ou, R; Shi, M; Wang, Y; Yu, Y; Zhang, MJ, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin (CUR) has been determined to be an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent."	( Neurodevelopmental toxicity of bisphenol AF in zebrafish larvae and the protective effects of curcumin. Ding, J; Liu, J; Yang, Q, 2023)	1.85
"Curcumin has a broad-spectrum anti-tumor effect and has no toxic side effects. "	( Strategy of eudragit coated curcumin nanoparticles delivery system: Release and cell imaging studies in simulated gastrointestinal microenvironments. Feng, J; Jin, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Wang, S; Zhou, M, 2023)	2.65
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties."	( Neuroprotective effect of curcumin and its potential use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases Białoń, N; Bieczek, D; Górka, D; Górka, M, 2023)	1.93
"Curcumin has been shown to impact a number of signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Wingless/Integrated (Wnt), Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transcription (JAK/STAT)."	( Impact of curcumin on p38 MAPK: therapeutic implications. Abdolghaffari, AH; Ahmadvand, D; Amirlou, D; Butler, AE; Jamialahmadi, T; Momtaz, S; Roustaei, M; Sahebkar, A; Shamsnia, HS; Soltani, S, 2023)	2.03
"Curcumin has demonstrated therapeutic potential in HNSCC through in vitro and in vivo studies. "	( Curcumin and analogues against head and neck cancer: From drug delivery to molecular mechanisms. Cao, Y; Cao, Z; Pan, J; Ye, L; Zhao, C; Zhou, X, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin has antioxidant properties resulting from its radical scavenging ability and inhibition of inflammation-associated factors. "	( Diarylidene-N-Methyl-4-Piperidones and Spirobibenzopyrans as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Choudhury, AR; Farkas, ME; Golakoti, NR; Joshi, BP; Joshi, M; Kar, S; Kumar Rokkam, S; Mas-Rosario, JA, 2023)	2.35
"Curcumin (CUR) has been reported in OS therapy and bone regeneration."	( Paradox: Curcumin, a Natural Antioxidant, Suppresses Osteosarcoma Cells via Excessive Reactive Oxygen Species. Liu, Y; Sun, Y; Wang, M; Xu, C; Zandieh Doulabi, B, 2023)	2.05
"Curcumin has anti-neoplastic activity by triggering the process of apoptosis and preventing the multiplication and infiltration of the cancer cells by inhibiting some signaling pathways and thus subsequently preventing the process of carcinogenesis."	( Nano-based formulations of curcumin: elucidating the potential benefits and future prospects in skin cancer. Arian, AM; Jayakumar, R; Mangalathillam, S; Masson, M; Rajendran, R; Ratan, C, 2023)	1.93
"Curcumin has a multitude of beneficial biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects."	( Curcumin and melphalan cotreatment induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. da Silva, JL; Dos Santos, NAN; Ferreira, C; Fialho, E; Lima, DGV; Passos, CLA; Polinati, RM, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin has significantly higher glass transition temperature T"	( Amorphous solid dispersions of curcumin in a poly(ester amide): Antiplasticizing effect on the glass transition and macromolecular relaxation dynamics, and controlled release. Arioli, M; Jamett, A; Macovez, R; Puiggalí, J; Tamarit, JL; Valenti, S, 2023)	1.92
"Curcumin (Cur) has various biological effects, including anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. "	( Low Dose of Curcumin Combined with Exercise Synergistically Induces Beige Adipocyte Formation in Mice. Kato, D; Kojima, T; Tanahashi, K; Tsuda, T, 2023)	2.73
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects and is used to treat diseases such as dermatological diseases, infection, stress, depression, and anxiety. "	( Current evidence for J147 as a potential therapeutic agent in nervous system disease: a narrative review. Du, Y; Ke, C; Liu, Y; Pan, H; Qiu, F; Wang, Y; Zeng, C, 2023)	2.35
"Curcumin (Cur) has been clinically used for rheumatoid arthritis treatment by the means of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and immune microenvironment regulation. "	( A Nanomedicine-Enabled Ion-Exchange Strategy for Enhancing Curcumin-Based Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. Shi, J; Yang, B; Yang, J, 2023)	2.6
"Curcuminoids have been reported for structural and spectrum similarity of 3 to 4 nm (432, 434, and 436 nm, respectively)."	( Purification and characterization of pure curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin from North-East India Lakadong turmeric (Curcuma longa). Devi, N; Jat, S; Kumar, P; Murty, US; Pawar, SD; Punia, J; Radhakrishnanand, P; Saini, A; Sethi, KK; Vardhini, NM, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin has recently been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and autophagy regulation properties."	( Curcumin in vitro Neuroprotective Effects Are Mediated by p62/keap-1/Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Autophagy Inhibition. Li, X; Sung, P; Yan, L; Zhang, D, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin (CUR) has good antitumor effects, but its poor aqueous solubility severely limits its clinical application and the systemic nonspecific distribution of the free drug in tumor patients is a key therapeutic challenge. "	( Development of curcumin-loaded galactosylated chitosan-coated nanoparticles for targeted delivery of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cheng, JX; Fan, Y; Guo, DY; Huang, M; Liu, J; Sun, J; Zhai, BT; Zhang, XF, 2023)	2.71
"Curcumin has recently been discovered to have anti-cancer properties through its impact on numerous biological pathways involved in carcinogenesis, metastasis, tumorigenesis, cell cycle regulation, mutagenesis, and oncogene expression."	( Antiproliferative activity and apoptosis-inducing mechanism of Curcuma longa (Turmimax®) on HeLa cell lines. Firoz, HM; Nanjundaiah, S; Neethumol, B; Rashmi, Y; Sadashiva, CT; Sreedrisya, AK, 2023)	1.63
"Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to have anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity but its poor oral bioavailability limits its further development as a chemotherapeutic agent. "	( Curcumin diethyl disuccinate, a prodrug of curcumin, enhances anti-proliferative effect of curcumin against HepG2 cells via apoptosis induction. Jithavech, P; Muangnoi, C; Paraoan, L; Patumraj, S; Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, P; Rojsitthisak, P; Supasena, W, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has been of interest in the field of Alzheimer's disease. "	( Synthesis of a Novel Curcumin Derivative as a Potential Imaging Probe in Alzheimer's Disease Imaging. Ernemann, U; Heckl, S; Kalbacher, H; Nägele, T; Schilling, N; Sheikh, S; Sturzu, A; Wegenast-Braun, BM; Weidenmaier, C, 2019)	2.28
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities."	( Effect of curcumin on the inflammatory reaction and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in a hyperglycemic rat model. Cho, DC; Gil, EY; Han, I; Kim, CH; Kim, KT; Lee, YS, 2019)	2.36
"Curcumin has the ability to inhibit the inflammatory, oxidative coagulation factors, and regulation of immune responses in sepsis."	( Therapeutic effects of curcumin on sepsis and mechanisms of action: A systematic review of preclinical studies. Asghariazar, V; Ghodsi, R; Karimi, A; Karimi, M; Kooshki, F; Tarighat-Esfanjani, A, 2019)	1.55
"Curcumin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic activities. "	( Oral Curcumin via Hydrophobic Porous Silicon Carrier: Preparation, Characterization, and Toxicological Evaluation In Vivo. Ge, Y; Li, J; Li, W; Liu, D; Wang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, M; Zheng, T; Zhu, X, 2019)	2.47
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to reduce markers of inflammation during acute pancreatitis (AP). "	( Curcumin protects the pancreas from acute pancreatitis via the mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Bu, C; Wang, J; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Wu, K, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and induces endoscopic remission in patients with ulcerative colitis."	( Oral Curcumin No More Effective Than Placebo in Preventing Recurrence of Crohn's Disease After Surgery in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Bommelaer, G; Buisson, A; Fumery, M; Goutte, M; Hebuterne, X; Laharie, D; Nachury, M; Nancey, S; Pereira, B; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Richard, D; Roblin, X, 2020)	1.79
"Curcumin has shown potent anti-inflammatory effects and is considered an anti-tumor necrosis factor."	( Effect of curcumin nanomicelle on the clinical symptoms of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Abbasi, M; Goodarzy, S; Javadi, M; Khadem Haghighian, H; Nassiri-Asl, M, 2019)	1.64
"Curcumin has received increased interest due to its unique molecular structure that targets inflammatory and antioxidant pathways as well as (directly) amyloid aggregation; one of the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease."	( The effect of curcumin on cognition in Alzheimer's disease and healthy aging: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies. Prickaerts, J; van Amelsvoort, TAMJ; Vingerhoets, C; Voulgaropoulou, SD, 2019)	1.6
"Curcumin has a therapeutic potential activity through modulation of different signaling pathways in various types of cancer. "	( Curcumin induces DNA damage by mediating homologous recombination mechanism in triple negative breast cancer. Cilingir Kaya, OT; Deveci Ozkan, A; Guney Eskiler, G; Kaleli, S; Sahin, E, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities."	( Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation by promoting microglial M2 polarization via TREM2/ TLR4/ NF-κB pathways in BV2 cells. Du, Y; Fu, J; Luo, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has the potential to emerge as an effective alternative to conventionally prescribed medications."	( Comparative evaluation of curcumin and antioxidants in the management of oral submucous fibrosis. Gombra, V; Hasan, S; Kaur, M; Kumar, N; Rai, A, 2019)	1.54
"Curcumin has been used in the study of central nervous system immune-related diseases and exerts a substantial neuroprotective effect. "	( Dynamic expression of autophagy-related factors in autoimmune encephalomyelitis and exploration of curcumin therapy. Boyao, Y; Caicai, B; Manxia, W; Mengjiao, S; Xiaoling, L; Zhenxing, L, 2019)	2.17
"Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to function as an antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory agent and to play a role in anti‑atherosclerosis. "	( Curcumin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced myocardial injury. Li, J; Peng, J; Wei, W, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin also has nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antirheumatic and cardioprotective effects."	( Pharmaceutical strategies of improving oral systemic bioavailability of curcumin for clinical application. He, H; Ma, Z; Tang, X; Wang, N, 2019)	1.47
"Curcumin has great potential in MS treatment."	( Curcumin prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting proliferation and effector CD4+ T cell activation. Liu, JQ; Liu, JT; Wang, X; Wang, YR; Yan, YQ, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has been placed at the forefront of the researcher's attention due to its pleiotropic pharmacological effects and health benefits. "	( The Effect of Curcumin on the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Mesodermal Lineage. Gorabi, AM; Hajighasemi, S; Jamialahmadi, T; Kiaie, N; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	2.32
"Curcumin has been shown to exert pleiotropic biological effects, including anti-tumorigenic activity. "	( Curcumin Derivatives Verify the Essentiality of ROS Upregulation in Tumor Suppression. Fujiki, H; Kakiuchi, K; Kanaya, S; Kato, JY; Meiyanto, E; Morimoto, T; Nakamae, I; Shima, H; Shionyu, M; Shirai, T; Yokoyama, T; Yoneda-Kato, N, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has shown considerable pharmacological activity, including antiinflammatory activity. "	( In vitro Permeability and Bioavailability Enhancement of Curcumin by Nanoemulsion via Pulmonary Administration. Fan, B; Li, Z; Qu, Y; Shi, L; Tang, J; Xu, H, 2019)	2.2
"Curcumin has shown potential antidepressant-like activities in some studies."	( Beneficial effects of nano-curcumin supplement on depression and anxiety in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Asadi, S; Gholami, MS; Qorbani, M; Siassi, F; Sotoudeh, G, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties. "	( The effect of curcumin supplementation on clinical outcomes and inflammatory markers in patients with ulcerative colitis. Hashemi, SJ; Mansoori, A; Sadeghi, N; Shayesteh, A, 2020)	2.36
"Curcumin has been widely used owing to its various medicinal properties including antitumor effects. "	( Functional design of pH-responsive folate-targeted polymer-coated gold nanoparticles for drug delivery and in vivo therapy in breast cancer. Bogen, B; Braathen, R; Gorain, M; Gosavi, SW; Kundu, GC; Mahalunkar, S; Pawar, V; Weiss, S; Yadav, AS, 2019)	1.96
"Curcumin has gained attention for its vast beneficial biological function via antioxidative stress."	( Curcumin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier injury and mitochondrial damage by promoting Parkin dependent mitophagy through AMPK-TFEB signal pathway. Cao, S; Hu, C; Li, X; Wang, C; Wen, J; Yan, J, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has improved effects on antioxidant capacity via multiple mechanisms. "	( Dietary Curcumin Supplementation Increases Antioxidant Capacity, Upregulates Nrf2 and Hmox1 Levels in the Liver of Piglet Model with Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Ahmad, H; Gan, Z; He, J; Niu, Y; Shen, M; Wang, C; Wang, T; Zhang, L; Zhao, Y; Zhong, X, 2019)	2.39
"Curcumin has been used as a traditional medicine and/or functional food in several cultures because of its health benefits including anticancer properties. "	( Bioactivity Evaluation of a Novel Formulated Curcumin. Chuang, KL; Dao, AH; Hsu, WH; Huang, CF; Huang, ZY; Liao, SC; Lin, KT; Su, CL; Tsai, TH; Tseng, CL, 2019)	2.22
"Curcumin has been used as a traditional medicine showing antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties. "	( Antiviral Action of Curcumin Encapsulated in Nanoemulsion against Four Serotypes of Dengue Virus. Adi, AC; Anindya, AL; Denis, D; Nabila, N; Rachmawati, H; Sasmono, RT; Suada, NK; Veterini, AS; Yohan, B, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit diverse anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities."	( Curcumin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Activated Neuroinflammation via Modulation of miR-199b-5p/IκB Kinase β (IKKβ)/Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) Pathway in Microglia. Gao, F; Hao, Q; Shen, J; Yang, Y; Zhao, L, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has essential therapeutic benefits, but it is insoluble in water and thus has low bioavailability. "	( Curcumin-loaded polysaccharides-based complex particles obtained by polyelectrolyte complexation and ionic gelation. I-Particles obtaining and characterization. Atanase, LI; Iurciuc-Tincu, CE; Jérôme, C; Martin, P; Ochiuz, L; Popa, M; Sol, V, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin (Cur) has medicinal properties, undergoes hydrolysis, and has low water solubility that limits its bioavailability and industrial usage. "	( Interaction of carbon nanotubes with curcumin: Effect of temperature and pH on simultaneous static and dynamic fluorescence quenching of curcumin using carbon nanotubes. Patra, D; Youssef, L, 2020)	2.27
"Curcumin has been at the center of vigorous research and major debate during the past decade. "	( Using curcumin to turn the innate immune system against cancer. Baidoo, JNE; Banerjee, P; Fried, A; Mukherjee, S, 2020)	2.48
"Curcumin has been reported to be an anti-inflammatory factor through enhancing the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs)."	( Curcumin regulates the differentiation of naïve CD4+T cells and activates IL-10 immune modulation against acute lung injury in mice. Chai, YS; Chen, YQ; Lin, SH; Wang, CJ; Xie, K; Xu, F; Yang, YZ, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin (Cur) has various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and anticancer effects. "	( Curcumin attenuates endothelial cell fibrosis through inhibiting endothelial-interstitial transformation. Chen, X; Gao, Z; Guo, Z; Shi, X, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been shown to suppress tumor cells because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( A randomized, phase 1, placebo-controlled trial of APG-157 in oral cancer demonstrates systemic absorption and an inhibitory effect on cytokines and tumor-associated microbes. Avila, L; Basak, SK; Bera, A; Dong, TS; Eklund, M; Faull, K; Guo, R; Jacobs, J; Jeong, C; Lagishetty, V; Mehta, P; Morselli, M; Mudgal, S; Nasser, H; Pellegrini, M; Russ, E; Sajed, D; Shin, DS; Srivastava, M; Srivatsan, ES; Tosevska, A; Wang, MB; Yoon, AJ, 2020)	2
"Curcumin has been known to have an anti-amyloidogenic effect on AD."	( Curcumin Derivative GT863 Inhibits Amyloid-Beta Production via Inhibition of Protein N-Glycosylation. Fujiwara, H; Funamoto, S; Futai, E; Higashiura, R; Imai, S; Noguchi, N; Okuda, M; Sugimoto, H; Takahachi, M; Urano, Y, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. "	( Nanocurcumin Inhibits Angiogenesis via Down-regulating hif1a/VEGF-A Signaling in Zebrafish. Cao, Z; He, S; Liao, X; Lu, H; Peng, Y, 2020)	2.56
"Curcumin has antioxidant functions, regulates the intestinal microbial composition, and alleviates mycotoxin toxicity. "	( Protective effect of curcumin on ochratoxin A-induced liver oxidative injury in duck is mediated by modulating lipid metabolism and the intestinal microbiota. Li, MC; Ruan, D; Wang, WC; Yang, L; Ye, H; Zhai, SS; Zhu, YW, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin has a protective role in placental diseases like preeclampsia and preterm birth. "	( Curcumin stimulates angiogenesis through VEGF and expression of HLA-G in first-trimester human placental trophoblasts. Basak, S; Duttaroy, AK; Mallepogu, A; Srinivas, V, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been proved to inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). "	( Curcumin inhibits migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells through up-regulation of miR-206 and suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Feng, T; Liu, Q; Liu, X; Wang, N, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been shown to have anticancer effects in a variety of tumors. "	( Curcumin Inhibits ERK/c-Jun Expressions and Phosphorylation against Endometrial Carcinoma. Jiang, L; Tu, C; Yi, P; Zhan, J; Zhang, F; Zhang, Z, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has potential therapeutic effect on treating TC by suppressing cell proliferation and migration, as well as promoting apoptosis through modulating oxygen-related signaling pathways."	( Curcumin Has Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on Tongue Cancer in vitro: A Study with Bioinformatics Analysis and in vitro Experiments. He, J; Li, H; Ma, C; Su, Q; Zhuang, Z, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been shown to exert neuro-protective effects in the central nervous system (CNS)."	( Curcumin Suppresses Apoptosis and Inflammation in Hypoxia/Reperfusion-Exposed Neurons via Wnt Signaling Pathway. Lin, L; Wu, N; Zhou, J, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties."	( Nrf2/ARE is a key pathway for curcumin-mediated protection of TMJ chondrocytes from oxidative stress and inflammation. Jiang, C; Li, X; Li, Y; Liu, P; Luo, P; Xu, J, 2020)	1.57
"Curcumin has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, neurotrophic activities, which support its plausible neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disease."	( Role of curcumin and its nanoformulations in neurotherapeutics: A comprehensive review. Jaiswal, P; Mandal, M; Mishra, A, 2020)	1.71
"Curcumin has been used in numerous anti-microbial research because of its low side effects and extensive traditional applications. "	( Anti-microbial activity of curcumin nanoformulations: New trends and future perspectives. Fathi, N; Hosseiniyan Khatibi, SM; Khalilov, R; Maleki Dizaj, S; Memar, MY; Negahdari, R; Sharifi, S; Zununi Vahed, S, 2020)	2.3
"Curcumin has an anti-tumor effect and enhances immune function in prostate cancer-bearing mice."	( [Effects of curcumin on tumor growth and immune function in prostate cancer-bearing mice]. Gong, H; Mao, JL; Xiong, X, 2019)	2.34
"Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects; therefore, we investigated the effects of curcumin on nasal fibroblasts exposed to urban PM (UPM)."	( Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by curcumin inhibits oxidative stress in human nasal fibroblasts exposed to urban particulate matter. Cho, JH; Choi, H; Kim, BG; Kim, JS; Kim, SW; Lee, DC; Lee, J; Oh, JM, 2020)	1.55
"Curcumin has been used, moreover, as a component of dietetic formulations for CRC chemoprevention."	( Curcumin and Colorectal Cancer: From Basic to Clinical Evidences. Di Leo, A; Giorgio, F; Girardi, B; Ierardi, E; Losurdo, G; Pricci, M, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has proven to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of a number of inflammatory diseases, but due its poor bioavailability, the therapeutic applications are limited."	( Anti-Ulcerative Effect of Curcumin-Galactomannoside Complex on Acetic Acid-Induced Experimental Model by Inhibiting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Asha, S; Girishkumar, B; Grace, J; Jose, SP; Krishnakumar, IM; Ratheesh, M; Sandya, S; Sheethal, S, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin has anti-atherogenic effects and anti-inflammatory properties in the vascular wall, but the relative mechanisms are almost unknown."	( In Vitro Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-β-mediated Non-Smad Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress, and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Production with Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Abazari, O; Abbasi, M; Afrazian, MS; Asadi, A; Khanicheragh, P; Mashouri, L; Niknam, Z; Rafie Javazm, A; Shakeri, F; Yaghobi Nezhad, D, 2020)	1.6
"Curcumin derivatives have been shown to inhibit replication of human influenza A viruses (IAVs). "	( 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship and antiviral effects of curcumin derivatives as potent inhibitors of influenza H1N1 neuraminidase. Lai, Y; Li, Y; Liao, S; Liu, N; Xu, P; Yan, Y; Ye, Y; Zhao, F, 2020)	2.23
"Curcumin (CUR) has not only antitumor activity but also reversing tumor MDR effect."	( Application of curcumin and its derivatives in tumor multidrug resistance. Feng, X; Guo, P; He, Y; Hou, Y; Jiang, Q; Pi, C; Wang, Y; Wei, Y; Xu, T; Zhao, L, 2020)	1.63
"Curcumin has shown many pharmacological activities in both preclinical and clinical studies. "	( Acute Damage to the Sperm Quality and Spermatogenesis in Male Mice Exposed to Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles. Hu, Y; Liu, Q; Wang, L; Xia, X; Yang, X, 2020)	2.23
"Curcumin (CUR) has well-known activity against cancer cells and parasites; however, its applications are limited since this is an unstable molecule, which may suffer degradation by light and temperature, also, the low water solubility reduce its bioavailability. "	( Encapsulation of curcumin into layered double hydroxides improve their anticancer and antiparasitic activity. Carbajal-Arízaga, GG; Castillo-Romero, A; Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, F; Macías-Lamas, AM; Parra-Saavedra, KJ; Rangel-Castañeda, IA; Sánchez-Jiménez, C, 2020)	2.34
"Curcumin has been greatly reported to prevent many diseases through modulating several signaling pathways, and the molecular bases of its anti-tumor bioactivities are imputed to the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis effects."	( Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review. Patra, D; Slika, L, 2020)	1.52
"Curcumin has been extensively used in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its high biological activity. "	( Konjac glucomannan octenyl succinate as a novel encapsulation wall material to improve curcumin stability and bioavailability. Li, JJ; Li, YC; Liu, DY; Meng, FB; Peng, LX; Zhang, Q, 2020)	2.22
"Curcumin has potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and can reduce the accumulation of AGEs."	( Influence of curcumin on performance and post-exercise recovery. Campbell, MS; Carlini, NA; Fleenor, BS, 2021)	1.71
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to affect the chemoresistance in cancer cells of various origins. "	( Curcumin circumvent lactate-induced chemoresistance in hepatic cancer cells through modulation of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor-1. Kumar, A; Shukla, D; Soni, VK; Vishvakarma, NK, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has a well-established anti-inflammatory role by regulating numerous transcription factors and cytokines linked to inflammation."	( A systemic review on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol, curcumin, and dietary nitric oxide supplementation on human cardiovascular health. Banez, MJ; Biswas, OS; Bryan, NS; Chandra, A; Geluz, MI; Hamdan, T; Von Schwarz, ER, 2020)	1.5
"Curcumin has been widely recognized as health-promoting compound. "	( Emulsion-based delivery systems for curcumin: Encapsulation and interaction mechanism between debranched starch and curcumin. Chen, D; Feng, T; Hu, Z; Song, S; Sun, M; Wang, H; Wang, K; Yao, L; Zhu, X; Zhuang, H, 2020)	2.28
"Curcumin has emerged as a potential co-treatment for this and other cancers, but prior studies have focused on non-attainable concentrations."	( Lower concentrations of curcumin inhibit Her2-Akt pathway components in human breast cancer cells, and other dietary botanicals potentiate this and lapatinib inhibition. Crawford, DR; Ilic, Z; Saxena, AR; Sripada, V, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin has been shown to have ameliorative effects in arsenic-induced genotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, angiogenesis, skin diseases, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity."	( Counteracting arsenic toxicity: Curcumin to the rescue? Bahrami, A; Moallem, SA; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2020)	1.56
"Curcumin has been found to be a powerful anti-cancer agent. "	( The remarkable role of emulsifier and chitosan, dextran and PEG as capping agents in the enhanced delivery of curcumin by nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. Kumpati, P; Pichaimani, A; Sampath, M; Sengottuvelan, B, 2020)	2.21
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and it can be considered a good candidate for the potential treatment of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, although its use in clinical practice is compromised due to its high lipophilicity. "	( Curcumin Containing PEGylated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Systemic Administration: A Preliminary Study. Campisi, A; Carbone, C; Castelli, F; Panico, A; Puglia, C; Santonocito, D; Sarpietro, MG; Siciliano, EA; Sposito, G, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has been used in Eastern medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin attenuates autoimmunity and renal injury in an experimental model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Dent, EL; Ryan, MJ; Taylor, EB; Turbeville, HR, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has a proven anticancer potential with known challenges for application as a pharmaceutical agent."	( Bisphosphonate-functionalized micelles for targeted delivery of curcumin to metastatic bone cancer. Kamble, S; Müllner, M; Pelras, T; Rohanizadeh, R; Varamini, P, 2020)	1.52
"Curcumin (CUR) has shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of skin diseases, but its effective transdermal delivery is still a major challenge and stimulates interest in the design of novel systems for CUR dispersion, preservation, and delivery facilitation to the deeper layers of the skin. "	( Topical Delivery of Curcumin by Choline-Calix[4]arene-Based Nanohydrogel Improves Its Therapeutic Effect on a Psoriasis Mouse Model. Ardizzone, A; Casili, G; Consoli, GML; Cuzzocrea, S; Esposito, E; Filippone, A; Granata, G; Lanza, M; Paterniti, I, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin has been investigated lately as a novel therapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer."	( Targeting Cancer using Curcumin Encapsulated Vesicular Drug Delivery Systems. Bebawy, M; Chellappan, DK; Dua, K; Hansbro, PM; Hardwick, J; Mehta, M; Paudel, KR; Satija, S; Taylor, J, 2021)	1.65
"Curcumin has been historically considered as a beneficial product for anti-aging and AD."	( A Curcumin Analog Exhibits Multiple Biologic Effects on the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Improves Behavior, Inflammation, and β-Amyloid Accumulation in a Mouse Model. Chang, HY; Su, IJ; Tsai, KJ; Wang, HC, 2020)	2
"Curcumin has shown a preventive and therapeutic role in memory impairment."	( Curcumin prevents cognitive deficits in the bile duct ligated rats. Baghbaderani, S; Ebrahimi-Ghiri, M; Entezari, M; Hashemi, M; Nasehi, M; Zarrindast, MR, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has been indicated as a promising active agent with a variety of pharmacological activities, including a potential ability to treat brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, and CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, as it may inhibit amyloid-β-protein (Aβ) aggregation and Aβ-induced inflammation."	( AmyloLipid Nanovesicles: A self-assembled lipid-modified starch hybrid system constructed for direct nose-to-brain delivery of curcumin. Sintov, AC, 2020)	1.49
"Curcumin has shown highly cytotoxic effects against different types of cancer."	( Gemini Curcumin Suppresses Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer OVCAR-3 Cells via Induction of Apoptosis. Azeez, HJ; Babaei, E; Ghaderi, S; Hussen, BM; Mahdavi, M, 2021)	1.8
"Curcumin has been reported to be beneficial for cancers, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, based on its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, anti-tumorigenic and neuroprotective properties. "	( Complex effect of continuous curcumin exposure on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell regenerative properties through matrix metalloproteinase regulation. Chan, KP; Leong, SA; Ng, TK; Yang, Q; Yuan, XL, 2021)	2.36
"Curcumin has been indicated to be neuroprotective against neurological and psychological disorders."	( Neonatal curcumin treatment restores hippocampal neurogenesis and improves autism-related behaviors in a mouse model of autism. Cai, Y; Fan, X; Li, X; Liu, H; Ruan, R; Xiao, R; Zhao, J; Zhong, H, 2020)	1.7
"Curcumin has attracted much attention for medicinal purposes in wide range of illnesses including cancer. "	( Curcumin as a preventive or therapeutic measure for chemotherapy and radiotherapy induced adverse reaction: A comprehensive review. Akbari, S; Elyasi, S; Jannati, M; Kariznavi, E; Tayarani-Najaran, Z, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin has anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-carcinogen property. "	( Curcumin induced apoptosis is mediated through oxidative stress in mutated p53 and wild type p53 colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Sivalingam, N; Sritharan, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has the highest binding affinities with all the selected proteases while allicin has the lowest binding affinities towards the proteases."	( Pharmacoinformatics and hypothetical studies on allicin, curcumin, and gingerol as potential candidates against COVID-19-associated proteases. Adeoye, AO; Olaoye, IF; Oso, BJ, 2022)	1.69
"As curcumin has such favorable properties as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-angiogenesis, immune regulation, anti-bacterial and pro-apoptosis and showed few side effects, the application of curcumin in prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases is promising."	( [Research progress of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis]. Han, Q; Jiang, C; Yang, JM, 2020)	1.39
"Curcumin has previously been shown to enhance mood in non-depressed older adults. "	( An Exploratory Analysis of Changes in Mental Wellbeing Following Curcumin and Fish Oil Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Howe, PRC; Kuszewski, JC; Wong, RHX, 2020)	2.24
"Curcumin has been shown to influence inter- and intracellular signaling pathways, with direct effects on gene expression of the antioxidant proteins and those that regulate the immunity."	( Curcumin and Photobiomodulation in Chronic Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ailioaie, LM; Litscher, G, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin has numerous biological and pharmacological activities but due to its hydrophobic nature, the major drawback is poor absorption and rapid elimination, rendering curcumin with the tag of a poor biomaterial."	( Nanocomposite of functional silver metal containing curcumin biomolecule model systems: Protein BSA bioavailability. Chakrabarti, S; Chhatre, SY; Khairkar, SR; Nagarkar, AA; Pansare, AV; Pansare, SV; Patil, VR; Shedge, AA, 2020)	1.53
"Oral curcumin has a strong positive impact on HRQOL. "	( The effect of oral curcumin supplementation on health-related quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Jamialahmadi, T; Johnston, TP; Rahmani, S; Sadeghian, M; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.46
"Curcumin has been reported to act on diverse molecular targets like receptors, enzymes, and co-factors; regulate different cellular signaling pathways; and modulate gene expression."	( Emerging Trends in Topical Delivery of Curcumin Through Lipid Nanocarriers: Effectiveness in Skin Disorders. Dubey, SK; Gorantla, S; Rapalli, VK; Saha, RN; Shah, P; Singhvi, G; Waghule, T, 2020)	1.55
"Curcumin has potential to be combined with electrophilic chemotherapy medication to improve its efficacy."	( Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases. Ansari, M; Robin, SKD; Uppugunduri, CRS, 2020)	1.28
"Curcumin has been ascribed to be cytotoxic for various tumour cell types, to inhibit cell proliferation and to interfere with the cellular oxidant status."	( Experimental and clinical studies on radiation and curcumin in human glioma. Hageman, E; Slotman, BJ; Sminia, P; van den Berg, J; van Kootwijk, A; Verbakel, WFAR, 2021)	1.59
"Curcuminoids have been shown to exert their anti-GBM effects through regulation of angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, invasion, as well as potential molecular targets, including receptor tyrosine kinases, Sonic Hedgehog, and NF-κB."	( Anti-tumor Effects of Curcuminoids in Glioblastoma Multiforme: An Updated Literature Review. Abbasinezhad-Moud, F; Afshari, AR; Jalili-Nik, M; Jamialahmadi, T; Javid, H; Karimi, M; Mollazadeh, H; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin has a therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis, but the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated. "	( Curcumin ameliorates DSS‑induced colitis in mice by regulating the Treg/Th17 signaling pathway. Jin, HT; Li, DF; Li, YX; Liu, TT; Luo, MH; Tang, Q; Wang, JY; Wang, LS; Wei, C; Wu, BH; Xiong, F; Xu, ZL; Yao, J; Yu, ZC; Zhang, DG, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anticancer activities."	( Curcumin may be a potential adjuvant treatment drug for colon cancer by targeting CD44. Du, B; Fan, X; Guo, Y; Li, W; Qiu, F; Wang, M; Xi, X; Zhu, M, 2020)	2.72
"Nanocurcumin has shown improved anticancer effects compared to conventional curcumin formulations."	( Nanocurcumin: A Double-Edged Sword for Microcancers. Islam, MU; Islam, SU; Janjua, KA; Shahzad, R; Shehzad, A, 2020)	1.6
"Curcumin (Cur) has many functions, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. "	( pH-shifting encapsulation of curcumin in egg white protein isolate for improved dispersity, antioxidant capacity and thermal stability. Wang, P; Wang, Y; Xu, X; Zhang, L; Zhou, G, 2020)	2.29
"Curcumin has received considerable attention owing to its therapeutic properties, and the mechanisms underlying some of its actions have been recently investigated."	( Potential protective roles of curcumin against cadmium-induced toxicity and oxidative stress. Kim, HS; Lee, BM; Park, JH, 2021)	1.63
"Curcumin has demonstrated many pharmacological effects including antioxidants, anti-inflammation, eliminating free radicals, anti-tumor, lipid regulation, and anti-coagulation."	( Curcumin Nanomicelle Improves Lipid Profile, Stress Oxidative Factors and Inflammatory Markers in Patients Undergoing Coronary Elective Angioplasty; A Randomized Clinical Trial. Gerami, H; Haghighian, HK; Helli, B; Heybar, H; Hosseini, SK; Kavianpour, M, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to exert anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. "	( Curcumin protects radiation-induced liver damage in rats through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Jiang, L; Li, W; Ling, M; Liu, X; Lu, X, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has ignited global interest as an elite drugable molecule, owing to its time-honoured pharmacological activities against diverse human ailments. "	( A new synthetic biology approach for the production of curcumin and its glucoside in Atropa belladonna hairy roots. Akhtar, MQ; Banerjee, S; Negi, AS; Pandey, P; Singh, S, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin has been investigated extensively over the years for its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiparasitic, antiviral and antibacterial activities, and no toxicity is associated with the compound."	( Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Development of Curcumin, its Combinations and Formulations and Curcumin-like Compounds as Anti-infective Agents. Kannigadu, C; N'Da, DD, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin has a significant cardioprotective effect against IRI, can inhibit ventricular remodeling induced by pressure load or MI, and improve cardiac function."	( Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is alleviated by curcumin-peptide hydrogel via upregulating autophagy and protecting mitochondrial function. Huang, MZ; Liao, CL; Liu, HY; Liu, Y; Su, Q; Ye, ZL, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin has been shown to suppress the progression of lung cancer, however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. "	( Curcumin suppresses the stemness of non-small cell lung cancer cells via promoting the nuclear-cytoplasm translocation of TAZ. Cai, W; Liao, H; Shen, P; Tan, J; Tian, R; Yang, X; Zheng, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has been reported to block cancer development by modulating multiple signaling pathways."	( Curcumin suppresses tumor growth of gemcitabine-resistant non-small cell lung cancer by regulating lncRNA-MEG3 and PTEN signaling. Ding, J; Gao, L; Shao, T; Zheng, W, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin has attracted considerable attention in the last decades."	( Regulation of tamoxifen sensitivity by the PLAC8/MAPK pathway axis is antagonized by curcumin-induced protein stability change. Chen, Y; Hu, D; Mao, M; Shen, J; Teng, R; Wang, L; Yang, J; Zhang, X; Zhou, J, 2021)	1.57
"Curcumin has been previously identified as an excellent DYRK-2 inhibitor, but curcumin's fate is tainted by its instability in the cellular environment."	( Selective targeting of the inactive state of hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) with a stable curcumin derivative. Bhattacharya, I; Bhattacharyya, S; Chakraborty, MP; Das, R; Mukherjee, A; Roy, S, )	1.07
"Curcuminoids have been widely used in food and medical area owing to the yellow colors, as well as the antioxidant and many other pharmacological activities."	( [Research progresses in the biosynthesis of curcuminoids]. Han, X; Sun, L; Wang, F; Wang, L; Xin, F, 2021)	1.6
"Curcumin has been shown to activate NRF2 that has cytotprotective or protumorigenic roles according to tumor stage."	( P62/SQSTM1/Keap1/NRF2 Axis Reduces Cancer Cells Death-Sensitivity in Response to Zn(II)-Curcumin Complex. Cirone, M; Crispini, A; D'Orazi, G; Garufi, A; Gilardini Montani, MS; Giorno, E; Pistritto, G, 2021)	1.56
"Curcumin has been shown to be effective against several types of malignancies and has also been shown to have inhibitory effects on telomerase activity."	( Telomerase: A Target for Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin in Cancer. Forouzanfar, F; Jamialahmadi, T; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.6
"Curcumin (Cur) has been used extensively in dietary supplement with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. "	( Curcumin decreases dibutyl phthalate-induced renal dysfunction in Kunming mice via inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Chen, X; Huang, J; Jin, D; Liang, F; Xi, J; Zhu, X, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (CUR) has been used clinically in several studies as a subgingival irrigant or as a photoantimicrobial in combination with a blue light-emitting diode (LED) in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP). "	( Adjuvant effects of curcumin as a photoantimicrobial or irrigant in the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Brandini, DA; da Rocha, TE; Ervolino, E; Freire, JOA; Garcia, VG; Guiati, IZ; Souza, EQM; Theodoro, LH; Toro, LF, 2021)	2.39
"Curcumin has been shown to have beneficial effects on pathogenic factors involved in the development of atherosclerosis. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin Phytosomes Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis. Banach, M; Hatamipour, M; Jamialahmadi, T; Ramezani, M; Sahebkar, A; Sarborji, MR; Simental-Mendía, LE; Tabassi, SAS, 2021)	2.38
"Curcumin (Cur) has strong anti-inflammatory activities, but the application is severely hindered by the extremely hydrophobicity and pitiful bioavailability."	( Commensal flora triggered target anti-inflammation of alginate-curcumin micelle for ulcerative colitis treatment. Chen, S; Guo, X; He, L; Li, C; Li, Y; Liu, B; Mao, B; Martinez, V; Shen, X; Wang, Y, 2021)	1.58
"Curcumin has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and improving insulin resistance."	( [Research advances on the effects and mechanism of curcumin in promoting diabetic wound healing]. Lin, C; Tu, ZL, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin and zinc have been studied as an antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antidiabetic agents."	( The effect of curcumin and zinc co-supplementation on glycemic parameters in overweight or obese prediabetic subjects: A phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a multi-arm, parallel-group design. Azhdari, M; Cheraghian, B; Karandish, M; Mohammadi, SM; Mozaffari-Khosravi, H, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory effects and qualifies as a potential candidate for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). "	( Curcumin-primed human BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles reverse IL-1β-induced catabolic responses of OA chondrocytes by upregulating miR-126-3p. Brochhausen, C; Grässel, S; Herrmann, M; Johnstone, B; König, MA; Li, S; Lukas, C; Stöckl, S, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin (Cur) has a beneficial role in preventing metabolic dysfunctions; however, the underlying mechanism are not yet fully understood. "	( Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice associated with activation of FNDC5/irisin. Li, S; Liu, Y; Wang, B; Wang, Z; You, J; Zou, T, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has a vital role in the development of renal carcinoma. "	( Curcumin suppresses renal carcinoma tumorigenesis by regulating circ-FNDC3B/miR-138-5p/IGF2 axis. Qu, W; Tao, Y; Wang, W; Xue, L; Yuan, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory properties by interfering with LPS-induced inflammatory pathways, including binding to cell surface receptors of LPS, NF-kB activation pathway, and inflammasome activation. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity. Farahani, I; Ganji, A; Ghazavi, A; Jamialahmadi, T; Majeed, M; Mosayebi, G; Saeedifar, AM; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	2.38
"Curcumin has shown anti-tumor activity in multiple malignancies. "	( Curcumin restrains hepatocellular carcinoma progression depending on the regulation of the circ_0078710/miR-378b/PRIM2 axis. Chen, Q; Guo, H; Zhao, X; Zong, Y, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin has been used in research related to the treatment of periodontitis in the form of solution, chip, gel, and capsule."	( Curcumin: A review of experimental studies and mechanisms related to periodontitis treatment. Jiao, J; Li, Y; Qi, Y; Yang, S; Yu, W; Zhang, J; Zhao, J, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and has demonstrated favorable health effects."	( Curcumin and Its Potential Impact on Microbiota. Hudzik, B; Jabczyk, M; Nowak, J; Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska, B, 2021)	2.79
"Curcuminoids have been widely studied for human health and disease applications, yet bioavailability remains a hurdle to actualizing all the benefits ascribed to them. "	( The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Jackson-Michel, S; Missamma, M; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK, 2021)	2.34
"Curcumin has been found to be a natural compound with an anticancer potential."	( Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on GBM and Its Potential Mechanism. Chen, S; Li, H; Lu, H; Qin, C; Su, X, 2021)	1.62
"Curcumin has well-characterized anticancer properties, while there is no effective method in clinical treatment."	( Curcumin induced G2/M cycle arrest in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells through the ROS-mediated p53 signaling pathway. Chen, D; Chen, H; Gao, X; Jia, W; Li, D; Li, Y; Pang, Y; Wang, C; Xu, T; Ye, Z; Zhang, J; Zheng, R; Zhu, B; Zhu, S, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for management of various inflammatory processes."	( The Effects of Curcumin in the Treatment of Gingivitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Bagherniya, M; Ehteshami, A; Gharibpour, F; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shirban, F, 2021)	1.7
"Curcumin (CUR) has an antibacterial action and could be used in the eradication of S."	( Does Curcumin Have an Anticaries Effect? A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Bagherniya, M; Ehteshami, A; Gharibpour, F; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shirban, F, 2021)	1.86
"Curcumin has been shown to improve clinical parameters in periodontal diseases."	( Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Against Periodontal Pathogens: A Systematic Review. Bagherniya, M; Dehghannejad, M; Fakheran, O; Khademi, A; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.64
"Curcumin has been used for many years as a plant-derived product for the management of various conditions such as abdominal pain and poor digestion."	( A Systematic Review of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for the Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases. Atefi, M; Bagherniya, M; Darand, M; Entezari, MH; Jamialahmadi, T; Sahebkar, A, 2021)	1.61
"Curcumin has been recognized as an effective anticancer agent. "	( Polyethylene glycol triggers the anti-cancer impact of curcumin nanoparticles in sw-1736 thyroid cancer cells. Esmaeili, E; Hatamie, S; Hosseinzadeh, S; Nazari, H, 2021)	2.31
"Curcumin (Cur) has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activity."	( Collagen-cellulose nanocrystal scaffolds containing curcumin-loaded microspheres on infected full-thickness burns repair. Cheng, B; Guo, R; Lan, Y; Ramakrishna, S; Wang, C; Xue, W; Zhang, Y, 2017)	1.43
"Curcumin has been reported as a radiosensitizer in prostate cancer. "	( Curcumin sensitizes prostate cancer cells to radiation partly via epigenetic activation of miR-143 and miR-143 mediated autophagy inhibition. Li, M; Liu, J; Luo, J; Wang, Y, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has been reported to exhibit potent anticancer effects. "	( Surface modification of solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery of curcumin: Improvement of bioavailability through enhanced cellular uptake, and lymphatic uptake. Baek, JS; Cho, CW, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin has shown promising inhibitory activity against HER-2-positive tumor cells in vitro but suffers from poor oral bioavailability in vivo. "	( Chemopreventive efficacy of curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2-positive breast cancer. Grill, AE; Koniar, B; Panyam, J; Shahani, K, 2018)	2.22
"Curcumin has been revealed to be a potential agent for treating AD following different neuroprotective mechanisms, such as inhibition of aggregation and decrease in brain inflammation."	( Assessment of Novel Curcumin Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Inflammation and Amyloid-β Aggregation in Alzheimer's Disease. Doens, D; Durant-Archibold, AA; Fernández, PL; González, Y; Gutiérrez, M; Lakey-Beitia, J; Larionov, OV; Murillo, E; Rao, KS; Santamaría, R; Stephens, DE, 2017)	1.5
"Curcumin has a great potential for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, but the effect on metabolic reconstruction remains little known."	( Curcumin improves alcoholic fatty liver by inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis. Chen, T; Guo, C; Hu, T; Ma, J; Qiu, L; Wen, L; Zhao, M; Zhong, Q, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been shown to exert pleiotropic effects by modulating different signaling molecules, including transcription factors, chemokines, cytokines, and adipokines."	( Curcumin: A Naturally Occurring Modulator of Adipokines in Diabetes. Banach, M; Hajavi, J; Johnston, TP; Majeed, M; Momtazi, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been widely used as a food additive for centuries and has been recently explored for its anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. "	( Novel Curcumin Liposome Modified with Hyaluronan Targeting CD44 Plays an Anti-Leukemic Role in Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Vitro and in Vivo. Li, J; Liu, S; Liu, SJ; Liu, XS; Peng, Y; Pu, W; Sun, D; Zhao, L; Zhao, Y; Zheng, Y; Zheng, ZY; Zhou, JK, 2017)	2.38
"Curcumin has been reported to display anti-amyloidogenic activity, not only by inhibiting the formation of new Aβ aggregates, but also by disaggregating existing ones."	( Novel Curcumin loaded nanoparticles engineered for Blood-Brain Barrier crossing and able to disrupt Abeta aggregates. Ballestrazzi, A; Barbara, R; Belletti, D; Grabrucker, AM; Keller, J; Masoni, M; Pederzoli, F; Tosi, G; Vandelli, MA, 2017)	1.66
"Curcumin has been widely used to color textiles but, unlike other natural dyes such as hematoxylin or saffron, it rarely has been discussed as a biological stain. "	( A review of curcumin as a biological stain and as a self-visualizing pharmaceutical agent. Hope-Roberts, M; Horobin, RW, 2017)	2.28
"Curcumin derivatives have been well-documented due to their natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Exploring recent developments to improve antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of curcumin: A review of new trends and future perspectives. Ahmed, TA; Amjad, MW; Hussain, F; Hussain, Z; Khan, S; Thu, HE, 2017)	2.11
"Curcumin has proven to be a potent antitumor agent in both preclinical and clinical models of colorectal cancer (CRC). "	( The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as an antitumor target of synthetic curcuminoids in colorectal cancer. Carney, PR; Depke, MG; Kennedy, GD; Larsen, L; McNally, J; Megna, BW; Nukaya, M; Rosengren, RJ, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin has shown large number of pharmacological properties against different phenotypes of various disease models. "	( Azomethines, isoxazole, N-substituted pyrazoles and pyrimidine containing curcumin derivatives: Urease inhibition and molecular modeling studies. Ahmed, M; Arshad, MN; Asiri, AM; Hameed, A; Muddassar, M; Qadir, MA, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory ability. "	( Curcumin alleviates macrophage activation and lung inflammation induced by influenza virus infection through inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Liu, L; Xu, Y, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has the therapeutic potentials to relieve these inflammatory responses through inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway."	( Curcumin alleviates macrophage activation and lung inflammation induced by influenza virus infection through inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Liu, L; Xu, Y, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has recently gained interest for use in drug delivery, chemical sensing, and environmental applications. "	( Curcumin Acrylation for Biological and Environmental Applications. Dziubla, TD; Gutierrez, AM; Hilt, JZ; Kalika, DS; Morris, AJ; Patil, VS; Sunkara, M, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin consumption has also been shown to have a vasodilating effect through its indirect impact on prostacyclins and directly on vascular endothelium."	( [Turmeric - not only spice]. Michalik, T; Popowicz, E; Śmieszniak, B; Szyca, M; Zdrojewicz, Z, 2017)	1.18
"Curcumin has protective effects against rotenone-induced neural damage in Parkinson's disease (PD)."	( Protective effects of curcumin against rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease: in vivo electrophysiological and behavioral study. Badalyan, SA; Chavushyan, VA; Darbinyan, LV; Hambardzumyan, LE; Khalaji, N; Manukyan, LP; Sarkisian, VH; Simonyan, KV, 2017)	1.49
"Curcumin has been recently noticed as a polyphenolic compound separated from turmeric to regulate tumor progression."	( Curcumin inhibits bladder cancer progression via regulation of β-catenin expression. Gao, Y; Jia, Z; Shi, J; Wang, Y; Yao, Y; Zhao, C, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin (CUR) has properties that can be useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. "	( Development of Nasal Lipid Nanocarriers Containing Curcumin for Brain Targeting. Bidone, J; Dora, CL; Falkembach, MC; Hädrich, G; Horn, AP; Hort, MA; Monserrat, JM; Muccillo-Baisch, AL; Putaux, JL; Rodrigues, JL; Teixeira, HF; Varela Junior, AS; Vaz, GR, 2017)	2.15
"Curcumin has shown pharmacological properties against different phenotypes of various disease models. "	( Screening of curcumin-derived isoxazole, pyrazoles, and pyrimidines for their anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition. Ahmed, M; Hameed, A; Imran, M; Muddassar, M; Qadir, MA, 2018)	2.29
"Curcumin has shown the confident results to be effective for the treatment of impaired glucose tolerance. "	( Effects of medicinal food plants on impaired glucose tolerance: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Demmers, A; Kortekaas, F; Korthout, H; Maaskant, JM; van Etten-Jamaludin, FS, 2017)	1.9
"Curcumin has been extensively studied for its anti-cancer properties. "	( Curcumin as a clinically-promising anti-cancer agent: pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has many pharmacological activities despite its poor bioavailability and in vivo stability. "	( Nanocurcumin is superior to native curcumin in preventing degenerative changes in Experimental Cerebral Malaria. Dende, C; Meena, J; Nagaraj, VA; Nagarajan, P; Padmanaban, G; Panda, AK, 2017)	2.46
"Curcumin has demonstrated bactericidal efficacy against a variety of infections when administered with antibiotics in several clinical studies, with consistent antimicrobial activity demonstrated in vitro, as well as in urinary tract infections, gingival infections, and chronic wound infections."	( Potential Role of Curcumin Against Biofilm-Producing Organisms on the Skin: A Review. Andersen, E; Burney, W; Clark, AK; Crawford, R; Haas, KN; Sivamani, RK; Vaughn, AR, 2017)	1.51
"Curcumin has been proven to be an effective herbal derived anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biocompatible agent. "	( Development and characterization of electrosprayed nanoparticles for encapsulation of Curcumin. Akbari Javar, H; Bayrami, S; Dorkoosh, FA; Esmaili, Z; Haddadi-Asl, V; Seyedjafari, E; Zargarian, SS, 2018)	2.15
"Curcumin and nisin have been widely reported for their antibacterial and anticancer potency. "	( In vitro ovicidal activity of poly lactic acid curcumin-nisin co-entrapped nanoparticle against Fasciola spp. eggs and its reproductive toxicity. Adegbeyeni, O; Meena, J; Oyeyemi, I; Oyeyemi, O; Panda, A, 2018)	2.18
"Curcumin has shown protective potential on osteoarthritis. "	( Curcumin Prevents Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Activation of Inflammasome NLRP3. Jiang, S; Jiang, T; Li, H; Liu, J; Liu, W; Sun, Y; Zhang, F; Zhang, H, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has been proven to have a weight-loss effect in a menopausal rat model induced by ovariectomy. "	( Effect of Curcumin on the Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Ovariectomized Rats. Chen, Y; Hu, J; Wang, Z; Xiang, L; Xiao, GG; Zhang, Z, 2017)	2.3
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory effect and also downregulates MMP activity."	( Comparative evaluation of inhibitory effect of curcumin and doxycycline on matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in chronic periodontitis. Guru, RC; Guru, SR; Kothiwale, SV; Saroch, N, )	1.11
"Curcumin has multiple biological effects including the modulation of protein homeostasis by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. "	( Modulation of the Proteasome Pathway by Nano-Curcumin and Curcumin in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Klaassen, I; Ramos de Carvalho, JE; Reits, EA; Schipper-Krom, S; Schlingemann, RO; Van Noorden, CJF; Verwoert, MT; Vogels, IMC, 2018)	2.18
"Curcumin (CUR) has been used as photosensitizer in antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). "	( Encapsulation of curcumin in polymeric nanoparticles for antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Balastegui, MIC; Barbugli, PA; Mima, EGO; Ortega, ALM; Pavarina, AC; Sanitá, PV; Trigo Gutierrez, JK; Zanatta, GC, 2017)	2.24
"Curcumin has been used to treat a myriad of human diseases and is widely advertised and marketed for its ability to improve health, but there is no clear understanding how curcumin interacts with cells and affects cell physiology."	( Curcumin affects gene expression and reactive oxygen species via a PKA dependent mechanism in Dictyostelium discoideum. Alexander, S; Katoh-Kurasawa, M; Shaulsky, G; Swatson, WS, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been shown to exert potential antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo involved in multiple signaling pathways. "	( Effect of bis(hydroxymethyl) alkanoate curcuminoid derivative MTH-3 on cell cycle arrest, apoptotic and autophagic pathway in triple-negative breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells: An in vitro study. Chang, LC; Chiu, YJ; Hsieh, MT; Kuo, SC; Lee, KH; Lu, CC; Tsai, FJ; Tsao, JW; Yang, JS, 2018)	2.19
"Curcumin has aroused much attention for its antifibrosis, vasoactive, and anti-angiogenesis actions."	( The beneficial effects of curcumin in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension. Hou, MC; Hsieh, YH; Hsu, SJ; Huang, HC; Lee, FY; Lee, JY; Lee, SD; Lin, HC; Lin, TY, 2017)	1.48
"Curcumin has shown to have therapeutic effects when used in the treatment of malignant diseases."	( Curcumin induce DNA damage and apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential in melanoma cancer cells. Guler, EM; Kocyigit, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin (CUR) has been demonstrated to induce insulin release from pancreatic β-cells; however, how curcuminoids (including demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)) exert any possible effects on membrane ion currents inherently in insulin-secreting cells remains largely unclear. "	( The comprehensive electrophysiological study of curcuminoids on delayed-rectifier K Chen, PC; Kuo, PC; Lee, YC; Liu, YC; Wu, SN; Yang, CJ, 2018)	2.18
"Curcumin has been found to be able to negatively regulate these processes."	( The combination of curcumin and 5-fluorouracil in cancer therapy. Cao, S; Wei, Y; Yang, P; Zhao, L, 2018)	1.53
"Curcumin has protective effects against toxic agents and shows preventive properties for various diseases. "	( Curcumin inhibits activation induced by urban particulate material or titanium dioxide nanoparticles in primary human endothelial cells. Alfaro-Moreno, E; Huerta-García, E; López-Marure, R; Mitre-Aguilar, IB; Montiel-Dávalos, A; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Rueda-Romero, C; Silva Sánchez, GJ; Soca Chafre, G, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has been applied to reduce matrix accumulation in fibrotic diseases."	( Curcumin inhibits TGF-β1-induced connective tissue growth factor expression through the interruption of Smad2 signaling in human gingival fibroblasts. Chen, JT; Chen, MH; Wang, CY, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anticancer activity."	( Sonic hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin pathways mediate curcumin inhibition of breast cancer stem cells. Chen, J; Chen, Y; Geng, S; Jiang, Y; Li, X; Li, Y; Meng, Y; Wang, S; Wang, X; Wu, J; Xie, C; Yang, X; Zhang, Q; Zhao, Y; Zhong, C; Zhu, J, 2018)	1.46
"Curcumin has a good regulatory effect on BMSCs and this promising CS-C biomaterial creates a pro-regenerative immune microenvironment for cutaneous wound healing."	( Curcumin-mediated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets create a favorable immune microenvironment for adult full-thickness cutaneous wound healing. Chu, J; Deng, X; He, C; He, J; Liu, H; Yang, Z, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been reported to exhibit anti-tumorigenic activity; however, since its precise actions remain unclear, its effects are considered to be deceptive. "	( Curcumin targets multiple enzymes involved in the ROS metabolic pathway to suppress tumor cell growth. Kato, JY; Larasati, YA; Meiyanto, E; Nakamae, I; Yokoyama, T; Yoneda-Kato, N, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has found a role in slowing, and in some cases even reversing, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and retinal cancers."	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in major retinal pathologies. Brown, A; Nebbioso, M; Peddada, KV; Verma, V, 2019)	2.26
"Curcumin has attracted increasing attentions in recent years due to its promising anticancer activities. "	( Rational design of curcumin loaded multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles to enhance the cytotoxicity for targeted and controlled drug release. Chen, C; Sun, W; Wang, P; Wang, X; Wang, Y, 2018)	2.25
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative properties established largely by in vitro studies. "	( Curcumin-mediated regulation of intestinal barrier function: The mechanism underlying its beneficial effects. Gehr, TW; Ghosh, S; Ghosh, SS; He, H; Wang, J, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been reported to have the function of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-rheumatoid, and anti-atherosclerosis role. It can also reduce lipid, eliminate free radicals and inhibit the growth of the tumor."	( The effect of curcumin on cell adhesion of human esophageal cancer cell. Chen, G; Kang, X; Liu, TD; Zhang, JX; Zheng, BZ, 2018)	1.56
"Curcumin has great potential as an epigenetic agent."	( Vitamin D receptor gene methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdalla, M; Ali-Labib, R; Ibrahim, EA; Khairy, E; Louka, ML, 2018)	1.2
"Curcumin has been used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IHs); however, the mechanism underlying the effectiveness of curcumin in IHs remains largely unclear."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in infantile hemangioma endothelial cells via downregulation of MCL-1 and HIF-1α. Guan, K; Kan, Q; Lou, S; Wang, Y; Yu, Z, 2018)	3.37
"Curcuminoids have been shown to reduce glycemia and related complications in diabetes. "	( Effects of Curcuminoids Plus Piperine on Glycemic, Hepatic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Khalili, N; Majeed, M; Namazi, S; Panahi, Y; Sahebi, E; Sahebkar, A; Simental-Mendía, LE, 2018)	2.31
"Curcumin has a good safety profile when used up to several grams."	( [Curcumine (Turmeric - Curcuma longa) as a Supportive Phytotherapeutic Treatment in Oncology]. Frassová, Z; Rudá-Kučerová, J, )	1.76
"Curcumin has been developed using various techniques, particularly micro and nanotechnology to improve its stability and bioavailability."	( Augmentation of therapeutic potential of curcumin using nanotechnology: current perspectives. Hemalatha, T; Sivasami, P, 2018)	1.47
"Curcumin has been introduced as effective anti-inflammatory agent in treatment of several inflammatory disorders. "	( Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles ameliorate glial activation and improve myelin repair in lyolecithin-induced focal demyelination model of rat corpus callosum. Ahmadian, SR; Ashrafpour, M; Ghasemi-Kasman, M; Hashemian, M; Naeimi, R; Safarpour, F; Tashakorian, H, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been shown to be beneficial for neuroprotection in vivo and in vitro, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear."	( Curcumin plays neuroprotective roles against traumatic brain injury partly via Nrf2 signaling. Dong, W; Fu, J; Guan, D; Guo, X; Jiang, Z; Li, B; Pi, J; Wang, L; Yang, B; Zhang, M; Zhao, R, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin has a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, one of them is anticancer activity that is mediated through multiple mechanisms. "	( Curcumin Ag nanoconjugates for improved therapeutic effects in cancer. Dhawan, A; Kansara, K; Pandya, A; Patel, P; Savaliya, R; Shah, D; Singh, S, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been reported to prevent mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) production in human airway epithelial cells; however, the molecular targets of curcumin involved in regulating MUC5AC expression have remained elusive."	( Curcumin suppresses MUC5AC production via interfering with the EGFR signaling pathway. Chen, Q; Liu, J; Meng, Z; Ni, Z; Sun, L; Tang, L; Wang, X; Zhu, L, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin has been found to play the protective role in many neurological disorders, however, its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in traumatic brain injury (TBI) are not fully understood. "	( Curcumin provides neuroprotection in model of traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. Dai, W; Fang, J; Wang, H; Wang, X; Zhou, J; Zhou, M; Zhou, Y; Zhu, Y, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been attributed with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial activities, and has shown highly protective effects against enteropathogenic bacteria and mycotoxins. "	( Effects of curcumin on performance, antioxidation, intestinal barrier and mitochondrial function in ducks fed corn contaminated with ochratoxin A. Chen, W; Fouad, AM; Lin, CX; Luo, X; Ruan, D; Wang, S; Wang, WC; Xia, WG; Yan, SJ; Yang, L; Zhang, WH; Zheng, CT, 2019)	2.35
"Curcumin has anticancer properties in many tumors however, its action on the tongue carcinoma is not entirely clear and many other investigations are necessary."	( Effects of Curcumin on Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue: An In Vitro Study. Ardito, F; Giuliani, M; Muzio, LL; Perrone, D; Testa, NF, 2018)	1.59
"Curcumin has shown evident clinical advances in the treatment of cancer."	( Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Gelatin-Ethylcellulose Microparticles for the Delivery of Curcumin to the Bladder. Bruschi, ML; da Silva, JB; Diniz, A; Kimura, E; Montanha, MC; Oliveira, MB, 2018)	1.42
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and immunoregulation functions in various disorders such as sepsis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, lung fibrosis, gallstone formation, and diabetes."	( Curcumin attenuates sepsis-induced acute organ dysfunction by preventing inflammation and enhancing the suppressive function of Tregs. Chen, L; Hong, G; Hu, L; Li, M; Lu, Y; Lu, Z; Qiu, Q; Wu, B; Zhang, Z; Zhao, G; Zhao, L, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin has been reported to inhibit inflammation, tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis by decreasing cell growth and by inducing apoptosis mainly through the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB), a master regulator of inflammation. "	( Curcumin induces a fatal energetic impairment in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting ATP-synthase activity. Amaro, A; Bachetti, T; Bianchi, G; Emionite, L; Pfeffer, U; Piaggio, F; Raffaghello, L; Ravera, S; Traverso, C, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has anticancer effects but its therapeutic application is limited due to poor water solubility."	( Preparation of Curcumin-Containing α-, β-, and γ-Cyclodextrin/Polyethyleneglycol-Conjugated Gold Multifunctional Nanoparticles and Their in Vitro Cytotoxic Effects on A549 Cells. Fukushige, K; Hoshikawa, A; Nagira, M; Ozeki, T; Tagami, T; Tane, M, 2018)	1.56
"Curcumin has antioxidative properties that could be useful in various diseases due to its ability to act on multiple targets of various cellular pathways. "	( The effect of intravenous administration of liposomal curcumin in addition to sumatriptan treatment in an experimental migraine model in rats. Bolboacă, SD; Bulboacă, AC; Bulboacă, AE; Porfire, A; Sfrângeu, CA; Stănescu, IC; Tefas, L, 2018)	2.17
"Curcumin has been revealed to inhibit liver cancer, however, no studies have reported that the mechanism of curcumin's action on liver cancer is related to damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. "	( Curcumin inhibits liver cancer by inhibiting DAMP molecule HSP70 and TLR4 signaling. Huang, Y; Jiang, Z; Liu, J; Luo, S; Ren, B; Tian, X; Xu, F; Yin, T; Zou, G, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been used extensively in traditional medicine for centuries."	( Effects of curcumin on NF-κB, AP-1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in hepatitis B virus infection. Abdoli, V; Biglari, H; Ghasemi, F; Hesari, A; Mirzaei, H; Salarinia, R; Tabar Molla Hassan, A, 2018)	1.59
"As curcumin has remarkable anti-inflammatory actions, the aim of this work is to review the potential use of this compound in IBD patients."	( Is Curcumin a Possibility to Treat Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? Barbalho, SM; Frizon, RR; Goulart, RA; Mazieiro, R, 2018)	1.62
"Curcumin (Cur) has been widely used in medicine, due to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. "	( Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Enhanced Anticancer Efficiency in Breast Cancer. Chen, C; Chen, S; Chen, T; Cheng, X; Liu, H; Qi, R; Ren, B; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Xu, H; Yan, L; Yang, Q, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been shown to deliver protective effects against numerous degenerative conditions associated with high levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. "	( Increased bioavailability of curcumin using a novel dispersion technology system (LipiSperse®). Briskey, D; Mallard, AR; Rao, A; Sax, A, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin has recently been shown to be a potential treatment for slowing or ameloriating cognitive decline during aging in our nonhuman primate model of normal aging. "	( Long-term effects of curcumin in the non-human primate brain. Bowley, BGE; Calderazzo, S; Kolli, A; Koo, BB; Moore, TL; Moss, MB; Rosene, DL, 2018)	2.24
"Curcumin has been reported to possess anti-tumor effects on multiple cancers, including lung cancer. "	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis in A549 cells by downregulating lncRNA UCA1. Chen, J; Dai, JH; Lu, SJ; Peng, L; Sun, YZ; Wang, F; Wang, WH; Zhang, BR, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties but high oral doses are required for therapeutic use, particularly due to its low bioavailability."	( Local low dose curcumin treatment improves functional recovery and remyelination in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush through inhibition of oxidative stress. Billet, F; Caillaud, M; Chantemargue, B; Desmoulière, A; Favreau, F; Faye, PA; Richard, L; Sturtz, F; Trouillas, P; Vallat, JM; Vignaud, L; Vignoles, P, 2018)	1.56
"Curcumin has immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. "	( Curcumin and Biodegradable Membrane Promote Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Sciatic Nerve Transection in Adult Rats. Kaka, G; Kouchesfahani, HM; Mansouri, K; Moattari, F; Moattari, M; Naghdi, M; Sadraie, SH, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been reported to have neuroprotective properties in PD models induced by neurotoxins or genetic factors such as"	( Curcumin Effectively Rescued Parkinson's Disease-Like Phenotypes in a Novel Dang, TPT; Huynh, MA; Nguyen, TT; Tran, LT; Vuu, MD; Yamaguchi, M, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin (CRC) has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for various drug delivery applications. "	( Curcumin as a Novel Nanocarrier System for Doxorubicin Delivery to MDR Cancer Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Jon, S; Kim, YC; Rejinold, NS; Yoo, J, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has protective effects against skin damage caused by chronic ultraviolet B radiation."	( Evidence of curcumin and curcumin analogue effects in skin diseases: A narrative review. Atkin, SL; Butler, AE; Fazlolahzadeh, O; Johnston, TP; Majeed, M; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.61
"Curcumin has well-established anti-cancer properties in vitro, however, its therapeutic potential has been hindered by its poor bioavailability. "	( In vitro and in vivo activity of liposome-encapsulated curcumin for naturally occurring canine cancers. Al-Nadaf, S; Burton, JH; Guerrero, T; Johnson, E; Rebhun, RB; Rodriguez, CO; Sein, K; Skorupski, KA; Withers, SS; Wittenburg, L; York, D, 2018)	2.17
"Curcumin has shown various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Curcumin affects tracheal responsiveness and lung pathology in asthmatic rats. Boskabady, MH; Eftekhar, N; Kaveh, M; Roshan, NM; Shakeri, F, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin (Cur) has been proved to have potential use in Alzheimer's disease with its anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, etc."	( Curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles conjugated with B6 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Chen, X; Fan, S; Fang, W; Guo, R; Jing, X; Lei, M; Liao, W; Liu, J; Liu, X; Ma, Q; Tao, E; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin (Cur) has been recognized as an effective inhibitor of Aβ fibrillogenesis, but its potential application is limited by its poor bioavailability."	( Self-Assembled Curcumin-Poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) Conjugates: Potent Nano-Inhibitors against Amyloid β-Protein Fibrillogenesis and Cytotoxicity. Dong, X; Sun, Y; Zhao, G, 2019)	1.59
"Curcumin has been proposed to improve neural damage, especially neurodegenerative injury, through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Protective effects of curcumin on acrolein-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. Lai, JC; Li, H; Liu, TL; Qin, J; Shi, LY; Wu, ZB; Zhang, L, 2018)	1.52
"Curcumin has similar effects with 3-MA, in which curcumin inhibited NF-κB by preventing the translocation of NF-κB p65."	( Curcumin Attenuates gp120-Induced Microglial Inflammation by Inhibiting Autophagy via the PI3K Pathway. Chen, G; Dong, J; Jiang, M; Jin, F; Li, G; Lin, L; Liu, S; Pan, R; Tang, H; Xing, Y, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin (CUR) has several pharmacological activities, including anticancer activity and the ability to suppress the EMT process."	( Self-Assembled Nanomicelles as Curcumin Drug Delivery Vehicles: Impact on Solitary Fibrous Tumor Cell Protein Expression and Viability. Brich, S; Cavalleri, A; Dagrada, G; Fechner, LE; Laurini, E; Pilotti, S; Pricl, S; Rupel, K; Smith, DK; Tamborini, E; Zacchigna, S, 2018)	1.49
"Curcumin has many reported functions, including antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory effects."	( The effect of curcumin on the differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle of neural stem cells is mediated through inhibiting autophagy by the modulation of Atg7 and p62. Cai, ZN; Wang, JJ; Wang, JL; Xu, CJ, 2018)	1.56
"Curcumin, which has poor water solubility, has been reported to have many pharmacological activities including potent anti-amyloid β fibril activity in Alzheimer's disease."	( Design, synthesis and evaluation of curcumin-based fluorescent probes to detect Aβ fibrils. Hotsumi, M; Konno, H; Makabe, K; Sato, T, 2018)	1.48
"Curcumin has several therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory effect. "	( Curcumin Inhibits Acute Vascular Inflammation through the Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1. Cheng, J; Huang, H; Huang, S; Ke, Y; Lv, Z; Su, X; Wu, S; Xia, J; Xiao, Y, 2018)	3.37
"Nanocurcumin has been used as an anti-inflammatory compound."	( Nanocurcumin is a potential novel therapy for multiple sclerosis by influencing inflammatory mediators. Aghebti-Maleki, L; Ahmadi, M; Ayromlou, H; Dolati, S; Marofi, F; Nikmaram, A; Rikhtegar, R; Yousefi, M, 2018)	1.52
"Curcumin has been shown to have muscle sparing effects under cachectic conditions."	( High altitude mediated skeletal muscle atrophy: Protective role of curcumin. Chaudhary, P; Sharma, S; Sharma, YK; Singh, SN; Suryakumar, G, 2019)	1.47
"Curcumin has been reported to be an effective compound in the reversal of MDR in colorectal cancer cells."	( Nrf2 is a key factor in the reversal effect of curcumin on multidrug resistance in the HCT‑8/5‑Fu human colorectal cancer cell line. Chen, YY; He, LJ; Jia, YW; Liu, DF; Liu, XP; Miao, DD; Shen, J; Ye, HZ; Zhang, C; Zhang, SP; Zhu, YB, 2018)	1.46
"Curcumin has been used for its pharmacologic effects, such as antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin Enhances Islet Cell Function and Attenuates Apoptosis in Mouse Islets. Jang, HJ; Kang, KS; Kim, SS; Lee, JH; Oh, MY, 2018)	1.6
"Curcumin has been shown to be a potential agent for preventing and/or treating the photoaging induced by UV radiation."	( An integrated molecular modeling approach for the tryptase monomer-curcuminoid recognition analysis: conformational and bioenergetic features. Ampasavate, C; Jiranusornkul, S; Sirithunyalug, B; Wongrattanakamon, P, 2018)	1.44
"Curcumin has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties and has been investigated as an adjuvant therapy of ulcerative colitis (UC). "	( Oral Adjuvant Curcumin Therapy for Attaining Clinical Remission in Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Asteriou, E; Bogdanos, DP; Forbes, A; Gkiouras, K; Grammatikopoulou, MG; Theodoridis, X, 2018)	2.28
"Curcumin has been proven to be a potent agent in colon cancer treatment. "	( Development of Pectin-Type B Gelatin Polyelectrolyte Complex for Curcumin Delivery in Anticancer Therapy. Chiang, YT; Chu, LL; Hou, YC; Kuo, SC; Lin, X; Shih, FY; Su, IJ, 2018)	2.16
"Curcumin has been reported to possess cardioprotective effects. "	( Curcumin alleviates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through inhibition of autophagy and activation of mTOR. Li, CL; Liu, JX; Liu, R; Wang, JR; Yang, J; Zhang, HB, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin has been documented as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antineoplastic agent in addition to wound healing activities."	( Beneficial effect of Curcumin Nanoparticles-Hydrogel on excisional skin wound healing in type-I diabetic rat: Histological and immunohistochemical studies. Abdel-Kader, DH; Kamar, SS; Rashed, LA, 2019)	1.55
"Curcumin has numerous beneficial effects including protective potential on the CNS toxicity."	( Obvious anxiogenic-like effects of subchronic copper intoxication in rats, outcomes on spatial learning and memory and neuromodulatory potential of curcumin. Abbaoui, A; Gamrani, H, 2019)	1.43
"Curcumin has also been studied in several nonmalignant cell types and has been shown to exert cytoprotective properties against oxaliplatin's off-target toxicities."	( Current evidence and future perspectives for curcumin and its analogues as promising adjuncts to oxaliplatin: state-of-the-art. Atkin, SL; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Zangui, M, 2019)	1.49
"Curcumin has been reported to enhance antitumor properties through the suppression of TP and ERCC1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC). "	( Demethoxycurcumin sensitizes the response of non-small cell lung cancer to cisplatin through downregulation of TP and ERCC1-related pathways. Huang, SH; Hung, CC; Lin, CY; Lin, HY; Sheu, MJ; Wang, CCN, 2019)	2.37
"Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to prevent several cancers, including GBM."	( Curcumin and Solid Lipid Curcumin Particles Induce Autophagy, but Inhibit Mitophagy and the PI3K-Akt/mTOR Pathway in Cultured Glioblastoma Cells. Al-Gharaibeh, A; Dunbar, GL; Maiti, P; Scott, J; Sengupta, D, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin (Cur) has a wide range of bioactivities that show potential for the treatment of cancer as well as chronic diseases associated with inflammation and aging. "	( Framboidal Nanoparticles Containing a Curcumin-Phenylboronic Acid Complex with Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activities. Hansen, EM; Hasegawa, U; Morisaki, M; Neng, HI; van der Vlies, AJ, 2019)	2.23
"Curcumin has a variety of biological and pharmacological properties including anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects."	( Oral administration of nanomicelle curcumin in the prevention of radiotherapy-induced mucositis in head and neck cancers. Dalirsani, Z; Delavarian, Z; Ghazi, A; Homaei Shandiz, F; Jaafari, MR; Mohammadpour, AH; Pakfetrat, A; Rahimi, HR, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin has shown to exert a positive impact on human glucose metabolism, even if its bioavailability is usually very low. "	( Effects of phytosomal curcumin on anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, cortisolemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indices: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Borghi, C; Bove, M; Cicero, AFG; Fogacci, F; Giovannini, M; Sahebkar, A, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin has revealed its strong activities of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer."	( Curcumin Induces Neural Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Embryonal Carcinoma Cells through the Activation of Autophagy. Chaicharoenaudomrung, N; Heebkaew, N; Jaroonwitchawan, T; Kunhorm, P; Noisa, P; Promjantuek, W; Rujanapun, N, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin (CUR) has gained increasing interest worldwide due to multiple biological activities. "	( Involvement of metabolism-permeability in enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin in excipient-free solid dispersions co-formed with piperine. Fu, T; Han, J; Huang, R; Jiang, A; Li, J; Li, W; Wang, L; Wang, R; Zheng, Q, 2019)	2.18
"Curcumin (CM) has multiple pharmacological activities including anti-fungal activity, but its clinical application is limited due to low solubility in aqueous media, poor bioavailability and extensive first pass metabolism. "	( Curcumin-Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti- Huang, J; Li, X; Meng, S; Tao, A; Wang, C; Xie, M; Xu, M; Xue, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic activities, proposing a strong potential to prevent neurodegenerative diseases."	( The impact of curcumin and its modified formulations on Alzheimer's disease. Farkhondeh, T; Pourbagher-Shahri, AM; Samarghandian, S; Sedaghat, M, 2019)	1.6
"Curcumin has been shown to have wound healing properties. "	( Pulpotomy with curcumin: Histological comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate in rats. Bhat, K; Mandroli, PS; Prabhakar, AR, )	1.93
"Curcumin has been shown to have therapeutic effects when used to treat malignant diseases."	( Investigation of cytotoxic, genotoxic, and apoptotic effects of curcumin on glioma cells. Abdallah, A; Dündar, TT; Güler, EM; Gündağ Papaker, M; Kitiş, S; Koçyiğit, A; Seyithanoğlu, MH, 2019)	1.47
"Curcumin has been found to possess anti-inflammatory abilities."	( Administration of Curcumin Alleviates Neuropathic Pain in a Rat Model of Brachial Plexus Avulsion. Jiang, C; Kang, Z; Liu, N; Xie, W, 2019)	1.57
"Curcumin has similar efficacy to diclofenac but demonstrated better tolerance among patients with knee OA. "	( Safety and efficacy of curcumin versus diclofenac in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized open-label parallel-arm study. Gade, P; Karad, S; Khanwelkar, C; Shep, D, 2019)	2.27
"Curcumin has been shown to reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. "	( Effect of Curcumin Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Muscle Damage, and Muscle Soreness. Krings PhD, BM; Lamberth PhD, J; McAllister PhD, MJ; Ms, SAB; Smith PhD, JW; Waldman PhD, HS, 2020)	2.4
"Curcumin has been shown to regulate different members of HSPs including HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in cancer."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin on heat shock proteins in cancer: A promising therapeutic approach. Barreto, G; Forouzanfar, F; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.55
"Curcumin has been previously shown to inhibit EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells and prevent renal fibrosis."	( Curcumin suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) through regulation of transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Guo, MZ; Min, DY; Zhang, T; Zhao, JL; Zhu, JJ, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin (CUR) has the ability to attenuate oxidative stress in the myocardium and to protect the myocardium from lipotoxic injury owing to its lipid‑reducing properties. "	( Curcumin‑loaded PEG‑PDLLA nanoparticles for attenuating palmitate‑induced oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis through AMPK pathway. Bao, C; Huang, J; Li, J; Li, S; Liu, T; Wan, Y; Wang, Y; Zhang, J, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin has got its global recognition because of its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antimicrobial activities."	( Benefits of curcumin in brain disorders. Bhat, A; Chandra, R; Chidambaram, SB; Hediyal, TA; Mahalakshmi, AM; Manthiannem, E; Padamati, J; Ray, B; Sakharkar, MK; Tuladhar, S, 2019)	1.61
"Curcumin has been known as a potential therapeutic agent for several major human cancers."	( Curcumin overcome primary gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells through inducing autophagy-related cell death. Chen, CG; Chen, K; Chen, P; Huang, HP; Jin, J; Li, J; Long, WG; Wang, Y; Zhao, XH, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, and cardiovascular protective effects. "	( Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction. Boarescu, PM; Bocșan, IC; Bolboacă, SD; Bulboacă, AE; Chirilă, I; Gheban, D; Pop, RM, 2019)	2.35
"Curcumin has numerous properties and is used in many preclinical conditions, including cancer. "	( Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines. Armanini, D; Barollo, S; Bertazza, L; Faccio, I; Mari, ME; Mian, C; Pezzani, R; Redaelli, M; Rubin, B; Zorzan, M, 2019)	2.25
"Curcumin has useful biological features that include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties."	( Efficacy of curcumin on prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review of animal studies. Barreto, GE; Beiraghdar, F; Motaharinia, J; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.61
"Curcumin has been reported to possess beneficial effects against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‑induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis and antioxidant enzyme activity."	( Curcumin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced cardiomyocyte injury by downregulating Notch signaling. Cheng, Z; He, H; Kuang, Z; Liang, M; Liang, S; Lin, A; Sun, C; Wen, Q; Yang, M; Zhu, P, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has been already established as a potential wound healing agent for normal and diabetic-impaired wounds."	( Accelerated and scarless wound repair by a multicomponent hydrogel through simultaneous activation of multiple pathways. Ansari, KM; Bhatia, T; Bhattacharya, D; Chaudhari, BP; Gupta, KC; Jagdale, P; Kumar, A; Kumar, P; Mudiam, MKR; Pal, A; Purohit, MP; Shukla, Y; Srivastava, V; Tiwari, R, 2019)	1.24
"But curcumin has low bioavailability issues that accompany low aqueous solubility, further, when administered orally, >90% of the drug degrades rapidly in the alkaline medium."	( UV Spectrophotometric method for characterization of curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid nanocarriers in simulated conditions: Method development, in-vitro and ex-vivo applications in topical delivery. Dubey, SK; Gorantla, S; Kaul, V; Pandey, MM; Rapalli, VK; Singhvi, G; Waghule, T, 2020)	1.29
"Curcumin has recently attracted much attention due to the wide range of its physiological actions such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-diabetic and anti-microbial effects. "	( The role of curcumin and its derivatives in sensory applications. Khorasani, MY; Langari, H; Rezayi, M; Sahebkar, A; Sany, SBT, 2019)	2.34
"Curcumin (CUR) has various pharmacological effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin mitigates mancozeb-induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity in rats. Abdel-Ghany, HM; Abo-Elmaaty, AMA; Saber, TM, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin has been proven to exert a protective action in the central nervous system (CNS) of diverse experimental models, with no side effects."	( Dietary Curcumin Prevented Astrocytosis, Microgliosis, and Apoptosis Caused by Acute and Chronic Exposure to Ozone. Bañuelos-Pineda, J; Espinoza-Gutiérrez, HA; Mendoza-Magaña, ML; Nery-Flores, SD; Ramírez-Herrera, MA; Ramírez-Mendoza, AA; Ramírez-Vázquez, JJ; Romero-Prado, MMJ; Tostado, MC, 2019)	1.67
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anticancer activity through different mechanisms."	( Pure curcumin increases the expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in myeloproliferative neoplasms through suppressing class I histone deacetylases. Chen, CQ; Chen, Y; Gao, SM; Shi, YF; Xing, CY; Yan, QX; Yan, Z; Yu, K; Zhao, KW, 2013)	1.63
"Curcumin has been widely described to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production, at least in part via direct interference in NF-κB activation."	( Effects of curcumin on the proliferation and mineralization of human osteoblast-like cells: implications of nitric oxide. Calderon-Garcia, JF; Canal-Macias, ML; Moran, JM; Pedrera-Zamorano, JD; Rey-Sanchez, P; Rodriguez-Velasco, FJ; Roncero-Martin, R; Vera, V, 2012)	1.49
"Curcumin has been shown to possess potent chemopreventive and antitumor effects on prostate cancer. "	( Curcumin-targeting pericellular serine protease matriptase role in suppression of prostate cancer cell invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis. Chen, WC; Cheng, TS; Hsiao, PW; Huang, CY; Ko, CJ; Lee, MS; Liao, CI; Lin, YY; Shyu, HY; Tsai, CH; Tzeng, SF; Yang, PC, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin (CUR) has deserved extensive research due to its anti-inflammatory properties, of interest in human diseases including cancer. "	( Metabolomics reveals metabolic targets and biphasic responses in breast cancer cells treated by curcumin alone and in association with docetaxel. Bayet-Robert, M; Morvan, D, 2013)	2.05
"Curcumin has been shown to act as a prooxidant and induce DNA lesions in normal cells."	( DNA damage-independent apoptosis induced by curcumin in normal resting human T cells and leukaemic Jurkat cells. Alster, O; Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Burkle, A; Korwek, Z; Moreno-Villanueva, M; Mosieniak, G; Sikora, E, 2013)	1.37
"Curcumin has been widely investigated for its myriad cellular effects resulting in reduced proliferation of various eukaryotic cells including cancer cells and the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. "	( Cellular effects of curcumin on Plasmodium falciparum include disruption of microtubules. Chakrabarti, R; Cooke, BM; Coppel, RL; Patankar, S; Rawat, PS, 2013)	2.16
"Curcumin has been shown to affect platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)- and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-elicited vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and inhibit neointima formation following vascular injury. "	( Demethoxycurcumin, a major active curcuminoid from Curcuma longa, suppresses balloon injury induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neointima formation: an in vitro and in vivo study. Chien, YC; Chou, CJ; Lin, HY; Sheu, MJ; Wu, CH; Wu, TS; Yang, YH, 2013)	2.25
"Curcumin (Cum) has been reported to have potential chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic activity through influencing various processes, inducing cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis in a series of cancers. "	( In vivo evaluation of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles in a A549 xenograft mice model. Chen, G; Huang, XE; Wu, XL; Yin, HT; Zhang, DG, 2013)	2.15
"Curcumin has the potential to treat inflammatory diseases. "	( The effect of curcumin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury in a rat model through the inhibition of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway. Cao, J; Guo, R; Lin, SH; Liu, Q; Xu, F; Yang, YZ, 2013)	2.19
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway in several tumor models."	( Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT-NF-κB pathway with curcumin enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in human Burkitt's lymphoma. Jiang, Y; Li, G; Qiao, Q, 2013)	1.37
"Curcumin has shown promising anticancer activity, which relies on its inhibition on NF-κB pathway. "	( Characterization of a novel curcumin analog P1 as potent inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway with distinct mechanisms. Li, J; Peng, YM; Zheng, JB; Zhou, YB, 2013)	2.13
"Curcumin has shown a strong interaction with hydrophobic amino acid residues of pfSAHH."	( Docking and in silico ADMET studies of noraristeromycin, curcumin and its derivatives with Plasmodium falciparum SAH hydrolase: a molecular drug target against malaria. Gupta, MK; Misra, K; Singh, DB; Singh, DV; Singh, SK, 2013)	1.36
"Curcumin has been demonstrated as a potent anticancer agent but its clinical application has been limited by its poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability. "	( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of curcumin loaded lauroyl sulphated chitosan for enhancing oral bioavailability. Sharma, CP; Shelma, R, 2013)	2.11
"Curcumin has potent antitumor activity against many types of human cancers. "	( Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity of curcumin against human gallbladder adenocarcinoma cells. Chen, C; Higuchi, T; Nakano, S; Ono, M; Takeshima, M, 2013)	2.08
"Curcumin has a protective role against ischemia reperfusion injury."	( Protective effects of curcumin supplementation on intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. Belviranlı, M; Gökbel, H; Kumak, A; Okudan, N; Oz, M, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin has been shown to reduce astrocyte reactivity, though the exact pathways underlying these effects are incompletely understood."	( SUMO-1 conjugation blocks beta-amyloid-induced astrocyte reactivity. Cimarosti, H; Hoppe, JB; Rattray, M; Salbego, CG; Tu, H, 2013)	1.11
"Curcumin at 100mg/kg has been shown to have a protective effect on crush nerve injury. "	( Curcumin promotes nerve regeneration and functional recovery in rat model of nerve crush injury. Chen, Y; Liu, J; Ma, J; Wang, Q; Xiang, L; Yu, H, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin has been reported to influence many cell-signaling pathways involved in tumor initiation and proliferation."	( Plant-derived anticancer agents - curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Creţu, E; Miron, A; Trifan, A; Vasincu, A, )	1.13
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways; however, its association with survival pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway, is not fully understood."	( Curcumin suppresses migration and proliferation of Hep3B hepatocarcinoma cells through inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway. Kim, HJ; Kim, YM; Park, OJ; Park, SY, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has various effects such as antidepressant, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antitumor and anti-inflammatory."	( Down-regulation of thymic stromal lymphopoietin by curcumin. Jeong, HJ; Kim, HM; Moon, PD, 2013)	1.36
"Curcumin has strong reversal effects on the multidrug resistance of human colon carcinoma in vitro and in vivo."	( Effect of curcumin on human colon cancer multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo. Fu, ZX; Li, L; Lu, WD; Qin, Y; Yang, C, 2013)	2.23
"Curcumin has anti-proliferative and pro-apototic properties against a variety of cancer cells in vitro. "	( Encapsulation of curcumin within poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for delivery to cancer cells. Huang, Q; Shi, J; Sun, Y; Wang, L; Xu, X; Zhang, Y; Zhu, Y, 2013)	2.17
"Curcumin (CM) has anticancer potential for several cancers and blocks several steps in the carcinogenesis process. "	( Superior anticancer efficacy of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles against lung cancer. Liu, B; Yin, H; Zhang, H, 2013)	2.12
"Curcumin has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory properties in addition to the ability to decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes."	( Curcumin inhibits imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation by inhibiting IL-1beta and IL-6 production in mice. Hu, J; Sun, J; Zhao, Y, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has been reported to be an inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus sortase A."	( Curcumin inhibits the Sortase A activity of the Streptococcus mutans UA159. Chen, WM; Hu, P; Huang, P, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin (Cur) has putative antitumor properties. "	( Photo-ionization and photo-excitation of curcumin investigated by laser flash photolysis. Gao, B; Kun, L; Qian, T; Wang, S; Wu, X; Zhu, R, 2013)	2.1
"Curcumin has also been found to inhibit cell-to-cell transmission and to be effective in combination with other antiviral agents."	( Turmeric curcumin inhibits entry of all hepatitis C virus genotypes into human liver cells. Bankwitz, D; Behrendt, P; Brown, RJ; Colpitts, CC; Frentzen, A; Meuleman, P; Ott, M; Pfaender, S; Pietschmann, T; Ploss, A; Rachmawati, H; Rice, CM; Schang, LM; Steinmann, E; Steinmann, J, 2014)	1.54
"Curcuminoids have been suggested to lower circulating levels of CRP, but clinical findings have not been consistent."	( Are curcuminoids effective C-reactive protein-lowering agents in clinical practice? Evidence from a meta-analysis. Sahebkar, A, 2014)	1.68
"Curcumin has been used to treat several different cancers, including ovarian cancer, in clinical trials and research; however, the role of ER stress and autophagy in the therapeutic effects of curcumin and new curcumin analogues remains unclear."	( B19, a novel monocarbonyl analogue of curcumin, induces human ovarian cancer cell apoptosis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the autophagy signaling pathway. Cao, R; Chen, J; Chen, Q; Gong, L; Liu, Y; Lv, J; Qu, W; Shi, H; Wang, Z; Xiao, J; Zhang, H, 2013)	1.38
"Curcumin (CUR) has been proved to be highly cytotoxic against different tumor cell lines. "	( Starch-based microspheres for sustained-release of curcumin: preparation and cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Fajardo, AR; Muniz, EC; Nakamura, CV; Nocchi, S; Pereira, AG; Rubira, AF, 2013)	2.08
"Curcumin (CUR) has various pharmacological effects, but its extensive first-pass metabolism and short elimination half-life limit its bioavailability. "	( Molecular inclusion complex of curcumin-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticle to enhance curcumin skin permeability from hydrophilic matrix gel. Edityaningrum, CA; Mauludin, R; Rachmawati, H, 2013)	2.12
"Curcumin has been found to possess anti-cancer activities via its effect on a variety of biological pathways."	( Targeting EP4 by curcumin through cross talks of AMP-dependent kinase alpha and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling: the role of PGC-1α and Sp1. Chen, J; Hann, SS; Wang, Z; Wu, J; Zhao, S; Zheng, F, 2013)	1.45
"Curcumin has also rescued the depletion of GSH and the enzymatic-antioxidant status."	( Curcumin protection activities against γ-rays-induced molecular and biochemical lesions. Abouelella, AM; Shahein, YE; Tawfik, SS, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has significant radio-protective and radio-recovery activities in γ-irradiated mice. "	( Curcumin protection activities against γ-rays-induced molecular and biochemical lesions. Abouelella, AM; Shahein, YE; Tawfik, SS, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin also has wide pharmacokinetic effects as an inhibitor of NF-κB, eIF-2α dephosphorylation, proteasome and COX2."	( Curcumin prevents replication of respiratory syncytial virus and the epithelial responses to it in human nasal epithelial cells. Fuchimoto, J; Fujii, N; Himi, T; Hirakawa, S; Kojima, T; Masaki, T; Murata, M; Nomura, K; Obata, K; Okabayashi, T; Sawada, N; Takasawa, A; Tanaka, S; Tsutsumi, H; Yokota, S, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has been reported to inhibit insulin signaling and translocation of GLUT4 to the cell surface in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. "	( Curcumin is a direct inhibitor of glucose transport in adipocytes. Green, A; Krause, J; Rumberger, JM, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has shown promising therapeutic utilities for many diseases, including cancer; however, its clinical application is severely limited because of its poor stability under physiological conditions. "	( Stable and potent analogues derived from the modification of the dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin. Basu, G; Bhattacharyya, B; Chakrabarti, P; Chakraborti, G; Chakraborti, S; Das, A; Dhar, G; Dwivedi, V; Poddar, A; Surolia, A, 2013)	2.06
"As curcumin has been consumed all over the world, the second immunization strategy involved curcumin before and all therapeutic vaccinations with Listeria(at)-Mage-b after tumor development."	( Curcumin improves the therapeutic efficacy of Listeria(at)-Mage-b vaccine in correlation with improved T-cell responses in blood of a triple-negative breast cancer model 4T1. Aggarwal, BB; Asafu-Adjei, D; Chandra, D; Gravekamp, C; Jahangir, A; Quispe-Tintaya, W; Ramos, I; Singh, M; Zang, X, 2013)	2.35
"Curcumin and chalcones has been reported to exert anti-malarial effect by binding directly to numerous signaling molecules, such as histone acetyltransferase, histone deacetylase, sarco (endo) plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, cysteine proteases etc."	( Chalcone and curcumin derivatives: a way ahead for malarial treatment. Kumar, A; Kumar, D; Kumar, M; Singh, SK, 2013)	1.48
"Curcumin has various biological activities including antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions, and alcohol detoxification. "	( Drinkable preparation of Theracurmin exhibits high absorption efficiency--a single-dose, double-blind, 4-way crossover study. Doi, O; Fuwa, T; Hamada, T; Hasegawa, K; Hirano, S; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Miyoshi-Morimoto, E; Morimoto, T; Namiki, M; Nonaka, Y; Otsuka, Y; Sunagawa, Y; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, K; Teramoto, T; Wada, H; Watanabe, Y; Yamauchi, M; Yokoji, T, 2013)	1.83
"Curcumin has potential anticancer activity and has been shown to be involved in several signaling pathways including differentiation and apoptosis. "	( Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles enhance apoptotic cell death of U2OS human osteosarcoma cells through the Akt-Bad signaling pathway. Chen, FA; Hour, MJ; Kuo, DH; Lee, CY; Peng, SF; Shieh, PC; Tsai, SC; Yang, JS, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has been usually combined with white pepper, which contain piperine, in order to improve its bioavailability."	( Curcuma longa extract associated with white pepper lessens high fat diet-induced inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Alligier, M; Cani, PD; Delzenne, NM; Larondelle, Y; Memvanga, PB; Névraumont, E; Neyrinck, AM; Préat, V, 2013)	1.11
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activities but has been limited for its low stability and poor bioavailability. "	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of allylated and prenylated mono-carbonyl analogs of curcumin as anti-inflammatory agents. Chen, G; Fang, Q; Jiang, L; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Tang, L; Wang, Z; Xu, Z; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y; Zou, P, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin has been reported to exert an antinociceptive effect in a rat model of diabetic neuropathy by suppressing oxidative stress in the spinal cord."	( Curcumin ameliorated diabetic neuropathy partially by inhibition of NADPH oxidase mediating oxidative stress in the spinal cord. He, WY; Liao, MJ; Wang, HB; Yang, CX; Zhang, B; Zhang, WX; Zhao, WC, 2014)	2.57
"As curcumin has already been shown to provide good therapeutic results in some small studies of both inflammatory and neoplastic bowel disorders, it is reasonable to anticipate an even greater efficacy with the advent of this new technology, which remarkably improves its bioavailability."	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in digestive diseases. Dulbecco, P; Savarino, V, 2013)	1.21
"Curcumin has remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. "	( Curcumin attenuates staphylococcus aureus-induced acute lung injury. Diao, R; Kang, Y; Liu, J; Shi, L; Wang, X; Xu, F, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-angiogenic activity in various types of cancer. "	( Curcumin induces caspase mediated apoptosis in JURKAT cells by disrupting the redox balance. Gopal, PK; Paul, M; Paul, S, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has been reported to play an active role in the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as neuropathic pain."	( Curcumin alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity-regulated expression of BDNF and cox-2 in a rat model. Chang, R; Guo, Q; Huang, C; Li, Q; Song, Z; Yang, D; Zhu, X, 2014)	2.57
"As curcumin has proved well tolerated and nontoxic, this strategy shows promise for translation to the clinic."	( Cyclodextrin curcumin formulation improves outcome in a preclinical pig model of marginal kidney transplantation. Allain, G; Billault, C; Couturier, P; Delpech, PO; Giraud, S; Hauet, T; Marchand, E; Parkkinen, J; Saintyves, T; Thuillier, R; Vaahtera, L, 2014)	1.29
"Curcumin has been shown to have a wide variety of biological activities for various human diseases including inflammation, diabetes and cancer. "	( Enhanced bioavailability and bioefficacy of an amorphous solid dispersion of curcumin. Chuah, AM; Das, T; Deshpande, P; Gelling, RW; Jacob, B; Jie, Z; Mandal, S; Patel, G; Puthan, JK; Ramesh, S; Shreeram, S; Vaidyanathan, VV, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin has been shown to have many potentially health beneficial properties in vitro and in animal models with clinical studies on the toxicity of curcumin reporting no major side effects. "	( Curcumin may impair iron status when fed to mice for six months. Chin, D; Frank, J; Huebbe, P; Pallauf, K; Rimbach, G, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has important roles in the anti-inflammatory and phagocytic process."	( The amelioration of phagocytic ability in microglial cells by curcumin through the inhibition of EMF-induced pro-inflammatory responses. Chen, CH; Gao, P; He, GL; Li, M; Liu, Y; Yang, XS; Yu, ZP, 2014)	1.36
"Curcumin has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its mechanism is still not clear. "	( Effects of curcumin on hippocampal expression of NgR and axonal regeneration in Aβ-induced cognitive disorder rats. Geng, S; Han, B; Li, JF; Wang, YL; Wang, YT; Yin, HL; Zhang, XX, 2014)	2.23
"Curcumin has shown, in clinical and preclinical studies, numerous biological activities including therapeutic efficacy against various human diseases and anti-hepatotoxic effects against environmental or occupational toxins."	( Protective effect of curcumin against heavy metals-induced liver damage. García-Niño, WR; Pedraza-Chaverrí, J, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin has been shown to affect cancer by altering epigenetic changes but its role as an epigenetic agent in cerebral stroke has not been much explored."	( Epigenetic impact of curcumin on stroke prevention. Kalani, A; Kalani, K; Kamat, PK; Tyagi, N, 2015)	1.46
"Curcumin has been found to suppress the activity of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in vitro, whereas its protective effects against HCMV infection in vivo remain unclear. "	( Protective effect of curcumin against cytomegalovirus infection in Balb/c mice. An, Z; Han, F; Lei, N; Li, G; Liu, H; Liu, L; Lv, Y; Wang, D, 2014)	2.16
"Curcumin has been clinically used in chemopreventation and treatment of cancer; however, it remains unknown whether microRNAs are involved in curcumin-mediated protection from BPA-associated promotive effects on breast cancer."	( Curcumin modulates miR-19/PTEN/AKT/p53 axis to suppress bisphenol A-induced MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation. Deng, F; Geng, S; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin has been used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries, as it is nontoxic and has a variety of therapeutic properties including antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic activities."	( Curcumin and lung cancer--a review. Mehta, HJ; Patel, V; Sadikot, RT, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but poor absorption following oral administration owing to its low aqueous solubility. "	( Design and development of novel mitochondrial targeted nanocarriers, DQAsomes for curcumin inhalation. Elsaid, Z; Gul, MO; Kocbek, P; Renshaw, D; Somavarapu, S; Taylor, KM; Zariwala, MG; Zupančič, Š, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin has a number of chemopreventive properties such as anti-inflammatory activity, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis as well as tumor metastasis."	( [Curcumin in chemoprevention of breast cancer]. Terlikowska, K; Terlikowski, S; Witkowska, A, 2014)	2.03
"Curcumin has been reported to possess multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, however the clinical application of curcumin has been significantly limited by its instability and poor metabolism. "	( Synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel asymmetrical curcumin analogs for the treatment of inflammation. Dai, Y; Dong, L; Jiang, X; Liang, G; Shan, X; Wu, J; Xu, F; Yang, S; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L; Zou, P, 2014)	2.09
"Curcumin has been found to possess anti-inflammatory activities and neutrophils, key players in inflammation, were previously found to be important targets to curcumin in a few studies. "	( Curcumin increases gelatinase activity in human neutrophils by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-independent mechanism. Antoine, F; Girard, D, )	3.02
"Both curcumin and PVP have been approved as food additives, consequently exhibiting excellent biocompatibility."	( Photodynamic decontamination of foodstuff from Staphylococcus aureus based on novel formulations of curcumin. Plaetzer, K; Spaeth, A; Tortik, N, 2014)	1.07
"Curcumin has been found to possess many biological properties, including antibacterial activity."	( In vitro activity of curcumin in combination with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) versus multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Betts, JW; Wareham, DW, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical properties such as antitumor, antioxidant, antiamyloid, and anti-inflammatory activity. "	( [Preparation of curcumin-loaded long-circulating liposomes and its pharmacokinetics in rats]. Dai, DB; He, WJ; Li, FZ; Li, G; Song, SC; Wei, YH; Xu, XL; You, J, 2014)	2.19
"Curcumin has been reported to be therapeutically active but has poor bioavailability, half life, and high rate of metabolic detoxifcation. "	( Study of interaction of human serum albumin with curcumin by NMR and docking. Agarwal, S; Bharti, SK; Misra, K; Roy, R; Singh, DV, 2014)	2.1
"Curcumin has shown therapeutic and/or adjuvant therapeutic effects on the treatment of some patients with breast cancer. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Dong, Q; Kong, B; Li, FN; Liu, XP; Lv, ZD; Wang, HB; Zhao, WJ, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has anticancer effects both alone and in combination with other anticancer drugs (e.g., gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin), and it has been shown to modulate a variety of molecular targets in preclinical models, with more than 30 molecular targets identified to date."	( Therapeutic applications of curcumin for patients with pancreatic cancer. Kanai, M, 2014)	1.42
"Curcumin has been showed anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effect in various cancer cells such as lung cancer, breast cancer, and so on. "	( Curcumin induces human SKOV3 cell apoptosis via the activation of Rho-kinase. Sun, J; Yin, Z, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant-like properties."	( The effects of curcumin on depressive-like behavior in mice after lipopolysaccharide administration. Li, G; Liu, D; Liu, L; Wang, S; Wang, Z; Yang, X; Yuan, L; Zhang, Q, 2014)	1.48
"Curcumin has been demonstrated as having numerous desirable characteristics, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic activities. "	( Curcumin enhances cell-surface LDLR level and promotes LDL uptake through downregulation of PCSK9 gene expression in HepG2 cells. Chen, PK; Chen, PY; Ho, CT; Tai, MH; Wu, MJ; Yen, JH, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has been reported to be effective as a cancer therapy. "	( Curcumin inhibits the proliferation and invasiveness of MHCC97-H cells via p38 signaling pathway. Rui, X; Yan, X; Zhang, K, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin has been reported for its anti-inflammation activity in DN."	( Curcumin prevents diabetic nephropathy against inflammatory response via reversing caveolin-1 Tyr14 phosphorylation influenced TLR4 activation. Guan, GJ; Liu, G; Liu, XC; Lv, SS; Sun, LN; Yang, ZY, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin has been shown to possess significant anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-coagulant and anti-infective effects."	( Curcumin as a wound healing agent. Akbik, D; Chrzanowski, W; Ghadiri, M; Rohanizadeh, R, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin has been reported to possess antitumor activity with low toxicity. "	( [Synthesis of novel curcumin mimics and preliminary evaluation for their antitumor activity]. Chen, XG; Feng, ZQ; Li, Y; Li, YS; Wang, YC; Yang, HZ, 2014)	2.17
"Curcumin has been used for centuries in traditional medicines in India."	( Curcumin's neuroprotective efficacy in Drosophila model of idiopathic Parkinson's disease is phase specific: implication of its therapeutic effectiveness. Achumi, B; Alone, DP; Phom, L; Yenisetti, SC, 2014)	2.57
"Curcuminoids have been reported to possess multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel curcuminoid derivatives. Cao, YK; Huai, QY; Li, HJ; Li, Y; Song, ZF, 2014)	2.1
"Curcumin has diverse biological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. "	( Development and evaluation of curcumin-loaded elastic vesicles as an effective topical anti-inflammatory formulation. Agrawal, R; Kaur, IP; Sandhu, SK; Sharma, I, 2015)	2.15
"Curcumin has biological properties that suggest its use for a large number of health-related conditions, including depression."	( A critical examination of studies on curcumin for depression. Andrade, C, 2014)	1.4
"Curcumin has a significant effect on the protein level of PBP2a."	( Curcumin reverse methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Choi, JG; Kang, OH; Kim, SB; Kim, YC; Kong, R; Kwon, DY; Mun, SH; Shin, DW, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin has phototoxic effects on bacteria under <450 nm irradiation, but it is unstable in vivo and cannot exert effects on deep tissues. "	( Upconversion nanoparticles conjugated with curcumin as a photosensitizer to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in lung under near infrared light. Fang, F; Li, Y; Ye, Y, 2014)	2.11
"Curcumin has been identified to have a plethora of biologic and pharmacologic properties owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities."	( Curcumin: a pleiotropic phytonutrient in diabetic complications. Jeenger, MK; Kumar, A; Naidu, VG; Ramakrishna, S; Shrivastava, S; Yerra, VG, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has attracted increasing interest as an anti-cancer drug for decades. "	( Curcumin promotes apoptosis by activating the p53-miR-192-5p/215-XIAP pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Miao, Q; Yao, L; Ye, M; Zhang, J, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CM) has demonstrated safety and efficacy as a drug, but its pharmaceutical role is restricted as a result of extremely low aqueous solubility, rapid systemic elimination, inadequate tissue absorption and degradation at alkaline pH; properties that severely curtail its bioavailability. "	( Synthesis and anticervical cancer activity of novel pH responsive micelles for oral curcumin delivery. Gonil, P; Puttipipatkhachorn, S; Ruktanonchai, UR; Saesoo, S; Sajomsang, W; Srinuanchai, W, 2014)	2.07
"Curcumin has therapeutic potential in preventing several types of cancer, including colon, liver, prostate, and breast. "	( Chemopreventive activity of systemically administered curcumin on oral cancer in the 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide model. Curylofo, FA; Gonçalves, Vde P; Guimarães, MR; Ortega, AA; Ribeiro, DA; Rossa Junior, C; Spolidorio, LC, 2015)	2.11
"As curcumin has a potent anti-inflammatory effect with strong therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers, our present study aims to investigate its curative effects and the possible mechanisms of action against DENA-induced HCC in male rats."	( Curcumin ameliorate DENA-induced HCC via modulating TGF-β, AKT, and caspase-3 expression in experimental rat model. Abd El-Aziz, EA; Abd El-Aziz, HO; Abd El-Ghany, AA; Abdel Aziz, MA; Abouzied, MM; Ahmed, NS; Eltahir, HM, 2015)	2.37
"Curcumin (CUR) has multifunctional anticancer properties, but its clinical use has been limited by poor solubility."	( Polymeric nanoassemblies entrapping curcumin overcome multidrug resistance in ovarian cancer. Gong, C; Gou, Q; Li, P; Liu, L; Sun, L; Wang, C; Wu, Q; Xie, Y; Yang, X, 2015)	1.41
"Curcumin has been shown to regulate the expression of genes implicated in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and angiogenesis. "	( To study the effect of curcumin on the growth properties of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. Anita, K; Dixit, V; Gupt, S; Kaur, S; Vyas, D, 2015)	2.17
"Curcumin has a high quenching constant (K SV ~ 10(4) M (-1)) and moderate binding affinity (n ~ 0.5)."	( Inter-domain helix h10DOMI-h1DOMII is important in the molecular interaction of bovine serum albumin with curcumin: spectroscopic and computational analysis. Jairajpuri, MA; Kapil, C; Pangeni, D; Sen, P, 2015)	1.35
"Curcumin has low aqueous stability and solubility in its native form. "	( Fabrication of amorphous curcumin nanosuspensions using β-lactoglobulin to enhance solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Aditya, NP; Kim, S; Ko, S; Yang, H, 2015)	2.16
"Curcumin has been found to suppress initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of tumors."	( The multifaceted role of curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Alharbi, SA; Arfuso, F; Chinnathambi, A; Kanchi, MM; Kumar, AP; Rane, G; Sethi, G; Shanmugam, MK; Tan, BK; Zayed, ME, 2015)	1.44
"Curcumin has been shown to have numerous cytotoxic effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs). "	( Curcumin and cancer stem cells: curcumin has asymmetrical effects on cancer and normal stem cells. Helson, L; Sordillo, PP, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory properties in addition to the ability to decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes. "	( Curcumin relieves TPA-induced Th1 inflammation in K14-VEGF transgenic mice. Hu, J; Jin, H; Sun, J; Zhao, Y, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has poor in vivo absorption and bioavailability, highlighting a need for new curcumin analogues with better characteristics in these aspects. "	( Anti-proliferative effect and induction of apoptosis in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells by 1,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one. Abas, F; Citalingam, K; Lajis, NH; Naidu, R; Othman, I, 2015)	1.86
"Curcumin has a wide range biological functions, especially as an antioxidant."	( Protective effects of curcumin on acute gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Chen, X; He, L; Liu, F; Liu, G; Liu, H; Peng, X; Peng, Y; Tang, C; Zhu, J, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin has a potential anti-anxiety effect in individuals with obesity."	( An investigation of the effects of curcumin on anxiety and depression in obese individuals: A randomized controlled trial. Esmaily, H; Ferns, G; Ganjali, S; Ghayour-Mobarhan, M; Iranshahi, M; Mohammadi, A; Sahebkar, A, 2015)	2.14
"Curcumin has been observed to exhibit an anti-fibrotic effect in the liver, lung and gallbladder. "	( Curcumin protects renal tubular epithelial cells from high glucose-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. Chi, ZH; Guo, L; Jiang, Y; Li, H; Liang, D; Liang, W; Lu, S; Zhang, X; Zhao, Y, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CUR) has been proven to be clinically effective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy, but its low oral bioavailability eclipses existent evidence that attempts to explain the underlying mechanism. "	( Oral curcumin has anti-arthritic efficacy through somatostatin generation via cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/CaMKII signaling pathways in the small intestine. Bian, D; Dai, Y; Dou, Y; Tong, B; Wang, T; Wei, Z; Wu, X; Xia, Y; Yang, Y; Zhao, D, )	2.09
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit migration and invasion of cancer angiogenesis via interacting with key regulatory molecules like NF-κB. "	( Protective effects of dendrosomal curcumin on an animal metastatic breast tumor. Alizadeh, AM; Dehghan, MJ; Farhangi, B; Heidarzadeh, A; Khaniki, M; Khodayari, H; Khodayari, S; Khori, V; Najafi, F; Sadeghiezadeh, M, 2015)	2.14
"Curcumin has a therapeutic potential in treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) while potential mechanisms underlining this beneficial effect remain to be elucidated. "	( Curcumin attenuates urinary excretion of albumin in type II diabetic patients with enhancing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) system and repressing inflammatory signaling efficacies. Chen, L; Li, X; Liu, J; Weng, J; Xu, W; Yang, H; Yu, Z; Zhou, Z, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has long been recognized as a chemopreventive agent, but poor bioavailability and weak Nrf2 induction have prohibited clinical application."	( A Curcumin Derivative That Inhibits Vinyl Carbamate-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis via Activation of the Nrf2 Protective Response. Chapman, E; Chen, J; Jiang, T; Long, M; Ren, DM; Shen, T; Wong, PK; Zhang, DD; Zhou, B, 2015)	1.86
"Curcumin has been known as a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species, which enhances the activity of antioxidants and suppresses phosphorylation of transcription factors involved in inflamation and apoptosis."	( The role of curcumin as an inhibitor of oxidative stress caused by ischaemia re-perfusion injury in tetralogy of Fallot patients undergoing corrective surgery. Djer, MM; Ibrahim, N; Rahayuningsih, SE; Sadikin, M; Sastroasmoro, S; Siregar, NC; Sukardi, R; Suyatna, FD; Witarto, AB, 2016)	1.53
"Curcumin has been shown to mitigate cancer phenotypes such as invasive migration, proliferation, and survival by disrupting numerous signaling pathways. "	( Curcumin Prevents Palmitoylation of Integrin β4 in Breast Cancer Cells. Cardelli, JA; Chung, J; Coleman, DT; Soung, YH; Surh, YJ, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CCM) has been received much attention in cancer theranostics because CCM exhibits both anticancer activity and strong fluorescence available for bio-imaging. "	( Anticancer drug-based multifunctional nanogels through self-assembly of dextran-curcumin conjugates toward cancer theranostics. Kumano, T; Nagahama, K; Sano, Y, 2015)	2.09
"Curcumin has been extensively reported as a potential natural antioxidant. "	( Comparison and combination effects on antioxidant power of curcumin with gallic acid, ascorbic acid, and xanthone. Naksuriya, O; Okonogi, S, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin has been reported to exhibit cancer chemopreventive properties."	( Nonautophagic cytoplasmic vacuolation death induction in human PC-3M prostate cancer by curcumin through reactive oxygen species -mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. Chang, JL; Cheng, CW; Chien, MH; Chow, JM; Hsiao, M; Lai, GM; Lee, LM; Lee, WJ; Lin, YW; Wen, YC, 2015)	1.36
"Curcumin has been shown to modulate multiple cell-signaling pathways simultaneously, thereby mitigating or preventing many different types of cancers, including multiple myeloma and colorectal, pancreatic, breast, prostate, lung, head, and neck cancers, in both animal models and humans."	( Curcumin and cancer: barriers to obtaining a health claim. Devassy, JG; Jones, PJ; Nwachukwu, ID, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has been found to possess tremendous therapeutic potency as antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agent."	( Effects of local curcumin on oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in vivo study. Al-Rubaei, ZM; Ali, LK; Mohammad, TU, 2014)	1.46
"Curcumin has the potential to become an adjunctive regimen for the prevention of cancer progression and metastasis in oral cancer."	( Curcumin Inhibits Invasiveness and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Reducing Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, 9 and Modulating p53-E-Cadherin Pathway. Chen, YA; Cheng, CW; Fan, CC; Hsu, CP; Kao, TY; Lee, AY; Sung, YJ, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit antitumor activities in a wide spectrum of human cancer."	( Curcumin inhibits in vitro and in vivo chronic myelogenous leukemia cells growth: a possible role for exosomal disposal of miR-21. Alessandro, R; De Leo, G; Flugy, A; Giallombardo, M; Manno, M; Pucci, M; Raccosta, S; Rolfo, C; Taverna, S, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin (CM) has been reported as a potential anticancer agent. "	( HPMA-based polymeric micelles for curcumin solubilization and inhibition of cancer cell growth. Anuchapreeda, S; Hennink, WE; Naksuriya, O; Okonogi, S; Shi, Y; van Nostrum, CF, 2015)	2.14
"New curcumin analogues have been synthesized and their antioxidant activities were investigated by measuring their free radical scavenging capacities. "	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of new curcumin analogues as antioxidant and antitumor agents: molecular modeling study. Abdel-Aziz, NI; Bayomi, SM; El-Ashmawy, MB; El-Kashef, HA; El-Messery, SM; El-Sayed, MA; El-Sherbeny, MA; Ghaly, MA; Nasr, MN; Suddek, GM, 2015)	1.24
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Effects of curcumin on crevicular levels of IL-1β and CCL28 in experimental gingivitis. Nath, S; Pulikkotil, SJ, 2015)	2.25
"Curcumin has been shown to induce cell death in many human cancer cells, including human lung cancer cells."	( Curcumin alters gene expression-associated DNA damage, cell cycle, cell survival and cell migration and invasion in NCI-H460 human lung cancer cells in vitro. Chiang, IT; Chung, JG; Liu, HC; Tang, NY; Wang, WS; Yang, ST, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has been shown to possess strong anti-inflammatory activity, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood."	( Curcumin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protects against LPS-induced septic shock. Cai, W; Chen, Y; Gao, Y; Gong, Z; Li, H; Wu, J; Xu, C; Zhao, S; Zhou, J, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has significantly reduced the oligomer formation induced by overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein in the cultured cells. "	( [Effect of curcumin on oligomer formation and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels induced by overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein]. Chen, T; Deng, Y; Liao, X; Ma, F; Wen, G; Weng, G; Zhao, J; Zheng, Y, 2015)	2.25
"Curcumin has many effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant and anti-microbial effects."	( Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in human osteoclastoma cell through MMP-9, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Cao, F; Feng, S; Liu, T; Xu, D; Xu, Y, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has been reported to suppress different types of clinical and experimentally-induced tumors, but due to less absorption and quick metabolism it show poor bioavailability. "	( Synergistic effect of curcumin and piperine in suppression of DENA-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Padwad, YS; Patial, V; Pratap, K; S, M; Sharma, S; Singh, D, 2015)	2.17
"Curcumin has been found to exhibit anticancer activity and certain studies have shown that curcumin triggers the apoptosis of human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. "	( Curcumin induces the apoptosis of A549 cells via oxidative stress and MAPK signaling pathways. Chen, L; Fu, T; Guo, Y; Hu, J; Lai, Y; Lin, M; Lin, S; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Yao, Q, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin (CUR) has been formulated into a host of nano-sized formulations in a bid to improve its in vivo solubility, stability and bioavailability. "	( Characterization and biological properties of NanoCUR formulation and its effect on major human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Chen, Y; Lim, LY; Shamsi, S, 2015)	1.86
"Curcumin has been transformed to racemic curcuminoids via an azomethine ylide cycloaddition reaction using isatin/acenaphthoquinone and proline as the reagents. "	( Synthesis of Bis-pyrrolizidine-Fused Dispiro-oxindole Analogues of Curcumin via One-Pot Azomethine Ylide Cycloaddition: Experimental and Computational Approach toward Regio- and Diastereoselection. Bharitkar, YP; Bhayye, SS; Chatterjee, S; Das, M; Hazra, A; Kumari, MP; Kumari, N; Mondal, NB; Natarajan, R; Shah, S, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin has been documented to exert anticancer effects by interacting with altered proliferative and apoptotic pathways in cancer models. "	( Curcumin-Mediated Reversal of p15 Gene Promoter Methylation: Implication in Anti-Neoplastic Action against Acute Lymphoid Leukaemia Cell Line. Bhatnagar, A; Jha, AK; Kaur, J; Kumar, A; Narayan, G; Sharma, V, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has been recognized as anticancer agents for several types of cancers."	( Curcumin enhances poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor sensitivity to chemotherapy in breast cancer cells. Choi, YE; Park, E, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. "	( Investigating the effect of gallium curcumin and gallium diacetylcurcumin complexes on the structure, function and oxidative stability of the peroxidase enzyme and their anticancer and antibacterial activities. Hamidi, A; Hassani, L; Jahangoshaei, P; Mohammadi, F; Mohammadi, K, 2015)	2.13
"Curcumin has diverse biological activities, but is known to undergo rapid metabolism via reduction of vinylic double bonds and phase II conjugation. "	( Introduction of Methyl Groups at C2 and C6 Positions Enhances the Antiangiogenesis Activity of Curcumin. Choe, YS; Choi, JY; Kim, BT; Koo, HJ; Lee, KH; Shin, S, 2015)	2.08
"Curcumin has been shown to possess significant anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anticoagulant and anti-infective effects."	( Recent developments in curcumin and curcumin based polymeric materials for biomedical applications: A review. Anjum, MN; Mahmood, K; Salman, M; Zia, KM; Zuber, M, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin (Cur) has been used for various types of diseases with antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti‑inflammatory effects."	( Curcumin accelerates reendothelialization and ameliorates intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid artery via the upregulation of endothelial cell autophagy. Chen, D; Chen, G; Li, H; Shen, H; Tao, X; Tian, F; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Wei, Y; Yu, Z, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has been shown to have various therapeutic and/or adjuvant therapeutic effects on human cancers, as it inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through p53-dependent molecular pathways. "	( Curcumin induces p53-independent necrosis in H1299 cells via a mitochondria-associated pathway. Chen, X; Li, F; Xu, B; Zhou, H, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin has curative effect on many kinds of cancers and can inhibit prostate cancer (PC)-3 cells proliferation."	( Effect of curcumin on Bcl-2 and Bax expression in nude mice prostate cancer. He, D; Ning, J; Peng, L; Yang, J, 2015)	1.54
"Curcumin has anticancer functions in various tumors. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis in p53-null Hep3B cells through a TAp73/DNp73-dependent pathway. Gao, F; Kang, B; Wang, J; Xie, H; Yang, H; Zhao, T, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has recently been found to possess anticancer activities via its effect on a variety of biological pathways involved in cancer progression."	( Curcumin inhibits cancer-associated fibroblast-driven prostate cancer invasion through MAOA/mTOR/HIF-1α signaling. Du, Y; Guan, B; He, D; Li, L; Li, X; Liu, X; Long, Q; Shi, Y; Tian, Y; Wang, X; Zhang, L, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has commonly been used for the treatment of various allergic diseases. "	( Anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin on mast cell-mediated allergic responses in ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis mouse. He, M; Jia, J; Li, H; Zhang, N, )	1.87
"Curcumin has multiple pharmacological effects, but it has poor stability. "	( The biological effects of vanadyl curcumin and vanadyl diacetylcurcumin complexes: the effect on structure, function and oxidative stability of the peroxidase enzyme, antibacterial activity and cytotoxic effect. Hamidi, A; Hassani, L; Jahangoshayi, P; Mohammadi, F; Mohammadi, K, 2016)	2.16
"Curcumin has been investigated for its effect on the cancer treatment because of its significant therapeutic potential and safety profile."	( W346 inhibits cell growth, invasion, induces cycle arrest and potentiates apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells in vitro through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Chen, Q; Du, X; Huang, G; Jin, R; Kang, Y; Liang, G; Shi, L; Wang, Z; Weng, B; Wu, J; Xia, Y; Ying, S, 2016)	1.16
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial, wound healing, antiatherosclerotic, hepatoprotective and anti-carcinogenic. "	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles in human lung cancer cells. Choudhary, B; Mahadik, K; Patil, S; Rathore, A; Roy, K, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin (CUR) has received considerable attention as a result of its anticancer activity in leukemia and solid tumors."	( Curcumin Enhanced Busulfan-Induced Apoptosis through Downregulating the Expression of Survivin in Leukemia Stem-Like KG1a Cells. Fan, J; Guo, K; Huang, J; Weng, G; Zeng, Y, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin has demonstrated promising results against this form of cancer in experimental models."	( Curcumin for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Helson, L; Sordillo, LA; Sordillo, PP, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin (Cur) has been extensively studied in several types of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC); however its clinical application is greatly affected by low bioavailability. "	( Combination of tolfenamic acid and curcumin induces colon cancer cell growth inhibition through modulating specific transcription factors and reactive oxygen species. Basha, R; El-Rayes, B; Gottipolu, SR; Hurtado, M; Jordan, CG; Nagaraju, GP; Sankpal, UT; Shoji, M; Simecka, JW, 2016)	2.15
"Curcumin treatment has a protective effect against intestinal damage induced by BDL. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Intestinal Damage in Cholestatic Rats. Kanter, B; Kanter, M; Kostek, O; Mutlu, HH; Takir, M; Toprak, AE, 2016)	2.19
"Curcumin has a cytoprotective effect, and may therefore be useful for the protection of islets under hypoxia."	( Peptide micelle-mediated curcumin delivery for protection of islet β-cells under hypoxia. Han, J; Ihm, SH; Lee, M; Oh, J, 2016)	1.46
"Curcumin has been clinically used in chemoprevention and treatment of cancer."	( Curcumin reverses benzidine-induced cell proliferation by suppressing ERK1/2 pathway in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Deng, QF; Geng, H; Liang, ZF; Sun, X; Wang, Y; Xie, DD; Yu, DX; Zhang, ZQ; Zhao, L; Zhong, CY, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to inhibit adipocyte differentiation, but the inhibitory effects of other curcuminoids present in turmeric, such as demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on adipogenesis have not been investigated."	( Bisdemethoxycurcumin Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and Suppresses Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice. Chen, YY; Ho, CT; Kalyanam, N; Lai, CS; Lee, PS; Liou, WS; Pan, MH; Yu, RC, 2016)	1.53
"Curcumin has potential therapeutic effects against breast cancer through multiple signaling pathways."	( The inhibition of PI3K and NFκB promoted curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M via altering polyamine metabolism in Bcl-2 overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Akkoç, Y; Arısan, ED; Berrak, Ö; Çoker-Gürkan, A; Obakan-Yerlikaya, P; Palavan-Ünsal, N, 2016)	1.42
"Curcumin (Cur) has been demonstrated to have wide pharmacological window including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Photoprotective efficiency of PLGA-curcumin nanoparticles versus curcumin through the involvement of ERK/AKT pathway under ambient UV-R exposure in HaCaT cell line. Chaturvedi, RK; Chopra, D; Dwivedi, A; Gupta, KC; Gupta, SK; Jahan, S; Kushwaha, HN; Pandey, A; Pant, AB; Ray, L; Ray, RS; Singh, J; Singh, KP; Tiwari, SK, 2016)	2.15
"Curcumin has been shown to mitigate colitis in animal models."	( Development and performance evaluation of novel nanoparticles of a grafted copolymer loaded with curcumin. Avadhani, K; Kalthur, G; Kulkarni, RV; Managuli, RS; Mutalik, S; Shetty, PK; Suthar, NA; Thomas, R, 2016)	1.37
"Curcumins have been shown to attenuate host inflammation in many sepsis models."	( DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HUMAN SP-B GENETIC VARIANTS ON LUNG INJURY CAUSED BY BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA AND THE EFFECT OF A CHEMICALLY MODIFIED CURCUMIN. Abdel-Razek, O; Cooney, RN; Ge, L; Golub, LM; Hong, Y; Jain, S; Johnson, F; Liu, Z; Nieman, G; Wang, G; Xu, Y, 2016)	1.36
"Curcumin has been shown to exert therapeutic or protective effects against a variety of diseases, such as cancer, pulmonary diseases, neurological, liver, metabolic, autoimmune, cardiovascular diseases and numerous other chronic ailments. "	( Determining whether curcumin degradation/condensation is actually bioactivation (Review). Dettlaff, K; Jankun, J; Jelińska, A; Skrzypczak-Jankun, E; Surdacka, A; Wątróbska-Świetlikowska, D; Wyganowska-Świątkowska, M, 2016)	2.2
"Curcumin (Ccm) has shown immense potential as an antimalarial agent; however its low solubility and less bioavailability attenuate the in vivo efficacy of this potent compound. "	( Short peptide based nanotubes capable of effective curcumin delivery for treating drug resistant malaria. Alam, S; Chauhan, VS; Mukherjee, TK; Panda, JJ, 2016)	2.13
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antitumour and antioxidant properties."	( Curcumin Inhibits 5-Fluorouracil-induced Up-regulation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 of the Colon Associated with Attenuation of Diarrhoea Development. Kai, Y; Kimura, M; Narita, M; Oguchi, A; Saito, T; Sakai, H; Sato, F; Sato, K; Tabata, S; Yaegashi, M; Yumoto, T, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin has demonstrated valuable therapeutic potential against a variety of human cancers including osteosarcoma. "	( Curcumin Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Death by Activating miR-125a/ERRα Signal Pathway. Chen, H; Chen, P; He, W; Wang, H; Wang, J; Yang, F, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and it has been used for treatment of distal ulcerative colitis. "	( Anti-inflammatory effects of enemas containing an oily extract of curcumin in an experimental model of diversion colitis. Bragion, CB; Campos, FG; Kadri, CJ; Martinez, CA; Ortega, MM; Pereira, JA, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin has been shown to have chondroprotective potential in vitro. "	( Curcumin slows osteoarthritis progression and relieves osteoarthritis-associated pain symptoms in a post-traumatic osteoarthritis mouse model. Cobelli, NJ; Friedman, JM; Hardin, JA; He, Z; Hirsh, DM; Kim, SJ; Leong, DJ; Navati, M; Sun, HB; Wang, A; Xu, L; Zhang, Z, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has properties of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-infection and anti-tumor, benefiting for the treatment of many diseases. "	( Curcumin protects cardiac myocyte against hypoxia-induced apoptosis through upregulating miR-7a/b expression. Cai, XX; Geng, HH; Ji, XP; Li, R; Pan, M; Su, YM; Xiao, J, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has many reported pharmacological effects."	( Fabrication of nanocomposite particles using a two-solution mixing-type spray nozzle for use in an inhaled curcumin formulation. Fukushige, K; Ozeki, T; Tagami, T; Taki, M, 2016)	1.37
"Curcumin has been successfully encapsulated in cyclodextrin-metal organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) without altering their crystallinity. "	( Encapsulation of curcumin in cyclodextrin-metal organic frameworks: Dissociation of loaded CD-MOFs enhances stability of curcumin. Abiad, MG; Dib, OH; Hmadeh, M; Moussa, Z; Patra, D, 2016)	2.22
"Curcumin has been shown to possess strong anti-inflammatory activity in many diseases. "	( Curcumin ameliorates neuropathic pain by down-regulating spinal IL-1β via suppressing astroglial NALP1 inflammasome and JAK2-STAT3 signalling. Hu, LY; Li, Q; Liu, S; Mao-Ying, QL; Mi, WL; Wang, YQ; Wu, GC; Zhang, MT, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and is reported to have many biologic activities. "	( Effect of Curcumin on Systemic T Helper 17 Cell Response; Gingival Expressions of Interleukin-17 and Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γt; and Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis. Bakır, B; Bayram, D; Büyükbayram, Hİ; Candan, IA; Kumbul Doğuç, D; Uskun, E; Yetkin Ay, Z, 2016)	2.28
"Curcumin has received immense attention over the past decades because of its diverse biological activities and recognized as a promising drug candidate in a large number of diseases. "	( Discovery of a new function of curcumin which enhances its anticancer therapeutic potency. Kawakami, J; Kumano, T; Maekawa, S; Nagahama, K; Oyama, N; Utsumi, T, 2016)	2.16
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit NF-κB and NF-κB-related pathways."	( Successful treatment of c-kit-positive metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) with a combination of curcumin plus imatinib: A case report. Atahan, S; Atayoglu, AT; Demiray, H; Demiray, M; Sahinbas, H; Selcuk, D; Yildirim, I, 2016)	1.37
"Curcumin has acquired an important position in the treatment of various diseases. "	( Synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan phosphate nanoparticle and study of its cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. Aidew, L; Buragohain, AK; Deka, C; Devi, N; Kakati, DK, 2016)	2.25
"Curcumin has shown promise as a safe and specific anticancer agent. "	( The putative oncotarget CSN5 controls a transcription-uncorrelated p53-mediated autophagy implicated in cancer cell survival under curcumin treatment. Huang, JJ; Jin, R; Kong, LD; Pan, Y; Sheng, JP; Tan, RX; Yu, F; Zhang, QY; Zhang, X, 2016)	2.08
"Curcumin has been found to have anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects."	( Curcumin reduces lung inflammation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mouse model of asthma. Jiao, B; Li, H; Li, YL; Liu, YQ; Lv, JN; Shan, H; Wu, RM; Yang, X; Zhang, J; Zhang, JZ; Zhang, M; Zhang, QH; Zhang, Y, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been studied broadly for its wide range of biological activities, including anticancer properties. "	( Diamond Nanoparticles Modify Curcumin Activity: In Vitro Studies on Cancer and Normal Cells and In Ovo Studies on Chicken Embryo Model. Chwalibog, A; Grodzik, M; Hotowy, A; Jaworski, S; Kurantowicz, N; Kutwin, M; Sawosz, E; Strojny, B; Urbańska, K; Wierzbicki, M; Winnicka, A, 2016)	2.17
"Curcumin has manifold therapeutic effects which include antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. "	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has multiple pharmacologic effects, but its poor bioavailability reduces its therapeutic effects. "	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin (CUR) has been associated with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, and antitumor effects, but its application is limited because of its low aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability. "	( Pharmacokinetics and in vivo delivery of curcumin by copolymeric mPEG-PCL micelles. Attari, E; Danafar, H; Ghasemi, P; Kheiri Manjili, H; Malvandi, H; Mousavi, MS, 2017)	2.16
"Curcumin has several biological functions particularly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. "	( Curcumin counteracts cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by preventing renal tubular cell apoptosis. Karaca, T; Sapmaz-Metin, M; Topcu-Tarladacalisir, Y, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin has been shown to possess strong cytotoxic effect against various cancer cell lines. "	( Developing and Evaluating In Vitro Effect of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Conjugated Curcumin on Human Cancer Cell Lines. Hai, NT; Son, PK; Tung, BT, 2016)	2.11
"Curcumin has the pharmacological properties that slow or reverse cellular proliferation and enhance apoptosis and differentiation associated with a diverse array of molecular effects."	( Bringing Curcumin to the Clinic in Cancer Prevention: a Review of Strategies to Enhance Bioavailability and Efficacy. Brenner, DE; Hagras, MM; Mahran, RI; Sun, D, 2017)	1.59
"Curcumin has well-known therapeutic actions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties."	( Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-metastatic Activity of Curcumin. Deng, YI; Rohanizadeh, R; Verron, E, 2016)	1.41
"Curcumin has exhibited a protective effect against development of renal fibrosis in animal models, however, its underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. "	( Curcumin Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells through the Inhibition of Akt/mTOR Pathway. Chen, MJ; Huang, H; Liu, H; Qiu, W; Wu, XF; Xu, X; Yu, RJ; Zhang, K; Zhao, HW; Zhao, RS; Zhu, FQ; Zhu, M, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has been reported to modulate the growth of tumor cells through regulation of multiple cell signaling pathways and modulate epigenetic changes by CpG demethylation of many tumor suppressor genes."	( Curcumin inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells through demethylation of DLC1 promoter. Hu, Y; Liu, Y; Wang, J; Yuan, C; Zhou, J, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been implicated to possess high therapeutic potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent."	( Computationally efficient analysis of particle transport and deposition in a human whole-lung-airway model. Part II: Dry powder inhaler application. Kleinstreuer, C; Kolanjiyil, AV; Sadikot, RT, 2017)	1.18
"Curcumin has been reported to confer neuroprotective effects in numerous neurological diseases and injuries, but its role in IVH-induced hydrocephalus has not been determined."	( Prolonged hydrocephalus induced by intraventricular hemorrhage in rats is reduced by curcumin therapy. Chen, B; Chen, H; Dang, Y; Fu, C; Liu, L; Liu, X; Qi, Z; Zhang, H, 2017)	1.4
"Curcumin has emerged as having promising chemopreventive and anticancer effects against both HPV-related and nonrelated cervical cancers."	( Curcumin as a multifaceted compound against human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancers: A review of chemistry, cellular, molecular, and preclinical features. Johnston, TP; Pirro, M; Sahebkar, A; Teymouri, M, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has several mechanisms of actions relevant to the treatment of SAMS."	( Curcumin: An effective adjunct in patients with statin-associated muscle symptoms? Banach, M; Pirro, M; Saboni, N; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties, besides reducing mortality in sepsis."	( Curcumin suppresses inflammatory cytokines and heat shock protein 70 release and improves metabolic parameters during experimental sepsis. Catalão, CH; de Freitas, LA; Felippotti, TT; Oliveira-Pelegrin, GR; Petenusci, S; Rocha, MJ; Silva, LS, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, yet problems of its bioavailability remained a major challenge in preclinical studies. "	( Biocompatibility and drug release behavior of curcumin conjugated gold nanoparticles from aminosilane-functionalized electrospun poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) fibers. Gunawan, F; Ismadji, S; Kurniawan, A; Nugraha, AT; Wang, MJ, 2017)	2.16
"Curcumin has been shown to have a wide variety of therapeutic effects, ranging from anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, anti-proliferative, and anti-metastatic. "	( Anticancer Activity of Curcumin and Its Analogues: Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Allegra, A; Alonci, A; Gerace, D; Innao, V; Musolino, C; Russo, S, 2017)	2.21
"Curcumin has attracted particular attention in recent years due to its great variety of beneficial biological and pharmacological activities. "	( In vivo evaluation of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for curcumin. Heli, H; Moezi, L; Nazari-Vanani, R, 2017)	2.13
"Curcumin has a potential role in the treatment of melanoma, though further studies are necessary to explore its clinical efficacy."	( Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Lelli, D; Pedone, C; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has many pharmacologic effects including antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties."	( Effects of curcumin on HDL functionality. Banach, M; Blesso, CN; Ganjali, S; Majeed, M; Pirro, M; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	1.57
"Curcumin has high potential in suppressing many types of cancer and overcoming multidrug resistance in a multifaceted manner by targeting diverse molecular targets. "	( Curcumin-Loaded Blood-Stable Polymeric Micelles for Enhancing Therapeutic Effect on Erythroleukemia. Chen, D; Ge, J; Gong, F; Li, J; Ning, X; Shen, YL; Teng, X; Wang, S, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin has been found to specifically target various tumor suppressor genes and alter their expression."	( Reversal of hypermethylation and reactivation of glutathione S-transferase pi 1 gene by curcumin in breast cancer cell line. Kumar, U; Rathi, G; Sharma, U, 2017)	1.4
"Curcumin has long been used as a condiment and a traditional medicine worldwide."	( Protective effect of curcumin against myocardium injury in ischemia reperfusion rats. Liu, H; Qiao, Z; Wang, C; Xu, Y, 2017)	2.22
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties."	( Curcumin inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation by regulating the metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 expression on dendritic cells. Li, Z; Liu, Y; Ni, J; Qiao, S; Song, Z; Wang, Y; Yi, X; Zhao, G, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin has both oxidant and antioxidant properties."	( Comparative anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin based on the phenolic O-H bond dissociation enthalpy, ionization potential and quantum chemical descriptor. Fujisawa, S; Ishii, H; Ito, S; Machino, M; Murakami, Y; Takada, N; Tanaka, S, )	1.11
"Curcumin has the capacity of interact with multiple molecular targets affecting the multistep process of carcinogenesis."	( New mechanisms and therapeutic potential of curcumin for colorectal cancer. Alarcón de la Lastra, C; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S; Villegas, I, 2008)	1.33
"Curcumin has been strongly implicated as an anti-inflammatory agent, but the precise mechanisms of its action are largely unknown. "	( Curcumin attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation by regulating nitric oxide. Choi, YH; Heo, MS; Kim, GY; Kim, MO; Lee, HJ; Moon, DO; Park, YM, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin has antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin attenuates the organ dysfunction caused by endotoxemia in the rat. Altaner, S; Hekimoglu, S; Memis, D; Sezer, A; Sut, N; Usta, U, )	3.02
"Curcumin has been shown to effectively prevent or inhibit prostate cancer in vivo and inhibit Akt/mTOR signaling in vitro, but the mechanism(s) remains unclear."	( Curcumin inhibits Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling through protein phosphatase-dependent mechanism. Khor, TO; Kim, JH; Kong, AN; Shen, G; Yu, S, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit the growth of transformed cells and to have a number of potential molecular targets."	( Curcumin inhibits the proteasome activity in human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Banerjee, S; Dou, QP; Landis-Piwowar, KR; Majumdar, AP; Milacic, V; Sarkar, FH, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin (CUR) has been strongly linked to the anti-inflammatory effect."	( Synergistic effect of combination of phenethyl isothiocyanate and sulforaphane or curcumin and sulforaphane in the inhibition of inflammation. Cheung, KL; Khor, TO; Kong, AN, 2009)	1.3
"Curcumin has been part of the traditional Asian medicine for centuries, mainly because of its anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin and muscle wasting: a new role for an old drug? Alamdari, N; Hasselgren, PO; O'Neal, P, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin has been shown to have cancer chemopreventive potential against a variety of tumors via targeting key survival pathways that are aberrantly activated in cancer cells."	( Developing curcumin into a viable therapeutic for lymphoma. Al-Kuraya, KS; Khan, AS; Uddin, S, 2009)	1.46
"Curcumin has been reported to have the potential to prevent obesity as well as cancers. "	( Curcumin exerts antidifferentiation effect through AMPKalpha-PPAR-gamma in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and antiproliferatory effect through AMPKalpha-COX-2 in cancer cells. Hwang, JT; Kwon, DY; Lee, WS; Lee, YK; Park, OJ; Surh, YJ, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin has been shown to be a potentially effective agent in pancreatic cancer."	( Wilms' tumour gene 1 (WT1) as a target in curcumin treatment of pancreatic cancer cells. Bergmann, L; Glienke, W; Maute, L; Wicht, J, 2009)	1.34
"Curcumin has poor aqueous solubility, poor stability in the gastrointestinal tract and poor bioavailability."	( Novel formulation of solid lipid microparticles of curcumin for anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity for optimization of therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Devi, K; Suresh, S; Yadav, S; Yadav, VR, 2009)	1.33
"Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of chemo-preventive and chemo-therapeutic activities and is under investigation for the treatment of various human cancers. "	( Exploration and synthesis of curcumin analogues with improved structural stability both in vitro and in vivo as cytotoxic agents. Chu, Y; Li, X; Liang, G; Shao, L; Wang, Y; Xiao, J; Yang, S; Zhao, C; Zhao, Y, 2009)	2.09
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit the growth of various types of cancer cells; however, at concentrations much above the clinically achievable levels in humans. "	( Activation of ATM/Chk1 by curcumin causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. Batra, S; Sahu, RP; Srivastava, SK, 2009)	2.1
"Curcumin reportedly has anti-allergic effects and can inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells. "	( Effects of benzylidenecyclopentanone analogues of curcumin on histamine release from mast cells. Ikawati, Z; Maeyama, K; Nugroho, AE, 2009)	2.05
"Curcumin has been previously reported to possess radical scavenger, iron chelating, anti-inflammatory properties in different tissues."	( Curcumin attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cytotoxicity by anti-oxidation and nuclear factor-kappa B modulation in MES23.5 cells. Du, XX; Jiang, H; Wang, J; Xie, JX, 2009)	2.52
"Oral curcumin has poor oral bioavailability limiting its clinical activity; however, a patent pending liposomal formulation of curcumin was developed to improve drug delivery and has demonstrated activity in multiple cancers."	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	1.03
"Curcumin has neuroprotective effects against aluminium-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage."	( Protective effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa), against aluminium toxicity: Possible behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats. Dogra, S; Kumar, A; Prakash, A, 2009)	1.39
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells, without toxicity to normal cells."	( Curcumin suppresses the paclitaxel-induced nuclear factor-kappaB in breast cancer cells and potentiates the growth inhibitory effect of paclitaxel in a breast cancer nude mice model. Kang, HJ; Kim, LS; Lee, SH; Price, JE, )	2.3
"Curcumin has potent chemopreventive properties and has been shown to inhibit nuclear factor kappaB-mediated inflammatory signaling in many cell types, including chondrocytes."	( Interleukin-1beta-induced extracellular matrix degradation and glycosaminoglycan release is inhibited by curcumin in an explant model of cartilage inflammation. Allaway, D; Clutterbuck, AL; Harris, P; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M, 2009)	1.29
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation at several steps in the NF-kappaB signaling pathways and thereby controls numerous NF-kappaB-regulated genes involved in various diseases."	( Effect of curcumin on nuclear factor kappaB signaling pathways in human chronic myelogenous K562 leukemia cells. Charlet, J; Dicato, M; Diederich, M; Juncker, T; Reuter, S; Teiten, MH, 2009)	1.48
"Curcumin has shown promise as a chemopreventive agent because of its in vivo regression of various animal-model colon cancers."	( Regulatory effect of the AMPK-COX-2 signaling pathway in curcumin-induced apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Kim, YM; Lee, YK; Park, OJ; Park, SY, 2009)	1.32
"Curcumin has potential as a chemopreventative and chemotherapeutic agent, but its interactions with clinically relevant cytokines are poorly characterized. "	( Curcumin induces proapoptotic effects against human melanoma cells and modulates the cellular response to immunotherapeutic cytokines. Bakan, C; Benson, DM; Bill, MA; Fuchs, J; Lesinski, GB; Young, G, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin has numerous anti-carcinogenic properties, but low bioavailability prevents its use in chemotherapeutic applications. "	( Curcumin analogue GO-Y030 inhibits STAT3 activity and cell growth in breast and pancreatic carcinomas. Cen, L; De Angelis, S; Friedman, L; Hutzen, B; Iwabuchi, Y; Lin, J; Lin, L; Shibata, H; Sobo, M; Yamakoshi, H, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin has extensive cardioprotective effects against diabetic cardiovascular complications, cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infarction (MI), but the molecular mechanism behind such cardioprotective effects remains still unclear. "	( Altered profiles of gene expression in curcumin-treated rats with experimentally induced myocardial infarction. Chen, Y; Hong, D; Ma, J; Tong, Y; Xu, W; Zeng, X, 2010)	2.07
"Curcumin has shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer activities."	( Pharmacological actions of curcumin in liver diseases or damage. Muriel, P; Rivera-Espinoza, Y, 2009)	1.37
"Curcumin pretreatment has been shown to decrease the formation of B(a)P-derived DNA adducts; however, its effects on disappearance of BPDE-DNA adducts in vivo remain unexplored. "	( Dietary curcumin enhances benzo(a)pyrene-induced apoptosis resulting in a decrease in BPDE-DNA adducts in mice. Garg, R; Maru, G, 2009)	2.23
"Curcumin has been shown to possess a number of biologic activities including the inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling."	( Curcumin induces the tolerogenic dendritic cell that promotes differentiation of intestine-protective regulatory T cells. Cong, Y; Elson, CO; Konrad, A; Schoeb, T; Wang, L, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin has potential as a photosensitiser (PS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for localised superficial infections. "	( Photokilling of bacteria by curcumin in different aqueous preparations. Studies on curcumin and curcuminoids XXXVII. Bruzell, E; Haukvik, T; Kristensen, S; Tønnesen, HH, 2009)	2.09
"Curcumin has diverse therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and antimicrobial activities. "	( Curcumin produces an antihyperalgesic effect via antagonism of TRPV1. Ahn, DK; Jung, SJ; Kim, HJ; Kim, JS; Kim, SA; Kim, YH; Lee, MK; Oh, SB; Yeon, KY, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has been shown to induce apoptosis in various malignant cancer cell lines. "	( Modulation of curcumin-induced Akt phosphorylation and apoptosis by PI3K inhibitor in MCF-7 cells. Chathoth, S; Galadari, S; Hago, A; Kizhakkayil, J; Patel, M; Thayyullathil, F, 2010)	2.16
"Curcumin has shown some promise in the prevention of oral carcinogenesis by mechanism(s) that are still not completely resolved. "	( Differential inhibition of protein translation machinery by curcumin in normal, immortalized, and malignant oral epithelial cells. Chakravarti, N; Kadara, H; Lotan, D; Lotan, R; Myers, JN; Shay, JW; Sonenberg, N; Yoon, DJ, 2010)	2.05
"Curcumin has protective effects against NEC in neonatal rats, possibly through inhibiting COX-2 expression, reducing TNF-alpha content, and increasing IL-10 content."	( [Protective effects of curcumin on neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis]. Jia, SH; Li, JC; Wei, H; Wei, XD; Yu, JL; Zhang, XP, 2010)	2.11
"Curcumin has been shown to exert a variety of beneficial human health effects. "	( Curcumin stimulates glucose uptake through AMPK-p38 MAPK pathways in L6 myotube cells. Jung, JH; Kim, EK; Kim, HS; Kim, JH; Lee, JO; Lee, SK; Park, JM; Park, SH; Suh, PG; You, GY, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has also been shown to be a mediator of chemo-resistance and radio-resistance."	( Curcumin as an anti-cancer agent: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications. Bar-Sela, G; Epelbaum, R; Schaffer, M, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has been reported to lower plasma lipids and glucose in diabetic rats, and to decrease body weight in obese rats, which may partly be due to increased fatty acid oxidation and utilization in skeletal muscle."	( Curcumin improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of rats. Kong, T; Li, R; Li, Y; Liu, LY; Na, LX; Sun, CH; Zhang, YL, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has previously been shown to have antitumor activity and some research has addressed the immunoprotective potential of this plant-derived polyphenol in tumor-bearing hosts."	( Curcumin reverses T cell-mediated adaptive immune dysfunctions in tumor-bearing hosts. Banerjee, S; Bhattacharyya, S; Chakraborty, J; Chattopadhyay, S; Das, K; Das, T; Md Sakib Hossain, D; Mohanty, S; Sa, G; Sankar Sen, G; Sarkar, D, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has been reported to possess multifunctional bioactivities, especially the ability to inhibit proinflammatory induction. "	( Synthesis of mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin and their effects on inhibition of cytokine release in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Li, X; Liang, D; Liang, G; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Wu, X; Yang, J; Yang, S; Yang, X; Zhao, C, 2010)	2.07
"Curcumin has selectively potent cytotoxic effects on cultured human uveal melanoma cells. "	( Curcumin induces cell death in human uveal melanoma cells through mitochondrial pathway. Chen, M; Hu, DN; Lu, C; McCormick, SA; Rosen, R; Song, E; Xue, C, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has a long history of use as a traditional remedy and food in Asia. "	( REVIEW: Curcumin and Alzheimer's disease. Hamaguchi, T; Ono, K; Yamada, M, 2010)	2.24
"Curcumin has been shown to suppress activated astroglia in amyloid-beta protein precursor transgenic mice."	( PPARgamma agonist curcumin reduces the amyloid-beta-stimulated inflammatory responses in primary astrocytes. Chen, SD; Ding, JQ; Kang, WY; Liu, GD; Tang, HD; Wang, HM; Zhang, S; Zhao, YX, 2010)	1.42
"Curcumin, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, significantly attenuated the inflammatory responses and airway hyperreactivity induced by pancreatic I/R."	( Curcumin attenuates airway hyperreactivity induced by ischemia-reperfusion of the pancreas in rats. Chao, D; Chen, CF; Chen, KH; Liu, CF; Wang, D, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has been shown highly cytotoxic towards various cancer cell lines, but its water-insolubility and instability make its bioavailability exceedingly low and thus it generally demonstrates low anticancer activity in in vivo tests. "	( Curcumin polymers as anticancer conjugates. Murdoch, WJ; Murphy, CJ; Radosz, M; Shen, Y; Tang, H; Van Kirk, EA; Zhang, B, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has been verified as an anti-cancer compound via multiple molecular targets. "	( The anti-cancer efficacy of curcumin scrutinized through core signaling pathways in glioblastoma. Chiu, TL; Su, CC; Wang, MJ, 2010)	2.1
"Curcumin has been shown to protect against the deleterious effects of injury by attenuating oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation."	( Curcumin targeted signaling pathways: basis for anti-photoaging and anti-carcinogenic therapy. Heng, MC, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has gained immense importance for its vast therapeutic and prophylactic applications. "	( Curcumin increases the pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in murine model. Chakravortty, D; Marathe, SA; Ray, S, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory effect, in part, through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway."	( Curcumin attenuates allergic airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in mice through NF-κB inhibition. Cha, JY; Chang, BC; Jung, JE; Kim, DY; Kwon, HJ; Lee, BR; Oh, SW, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin has shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective properties."	( Curcumin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in phenobarbitone and carbamazepine administered rats. Gupta, YK; Mehla, J; Reeta, KH, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has the ability to inhibit carcinogenic promotion of colorectal cancer through the modulation of multiple molecular targets such as transcription factors, enzymes, cell cycle proteins, cell surface adhesion proteins, survival pathways and cytokines."	( Curcumin therapeutic promises and bioavailability in colorectal cancer. Khan, S; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A; Shehzad, O, 2010)	2.52
"Curcuminoids have been found to inhibit fibrosis."	( Suppression of TGF-β1/SMAD pathway and extracellular matrix production in primary keloid fibroblasts by curcuminoids: its potential therapeutic use in the chemoprevention of keloid. Chang, CC; Chen, MJ; Hsu, YC; Ko, SY; Yu, YM, 2010)	1.3
"Curcumin mix has potent anti-amyloidogenic effect and shows great promise for AD treatment and prevention."	( The inhibitory effects of different curcuminoids on β-amyloid protein, β-amyloid precursor protein and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 in swAPP HEK293 cells. Gu, Q; Lei, Q; Li, Z; Liu, H; Mao, L; Qiu, D, 2010)	1.36
"Curcumin has been shown to have high cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines, but its water insolubility and instability make its bioavailability exceedingly low and, thus, it is generally inactive in in vivo anticancer tests. "	( Amphiphilic curcumin conjugate-forming nanoparticles as anticancer prodrug and drug carriers: in vitro and in vivo effects. Feng, X; Murdoch, WJ; Murphy, CJ; Shen, Y; Sui, M; Tang, H; Van Kirk, EA; Zhang, B, 2010)	2.18
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, but it has not yet been approved as a therapeutic agent because of its low solubility and stability in aqueous solution, and the relatively low bioavailability in vivo. "	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	2.06
"Curcumin has promising potential in cancer prevention and therapy by interacting with proteins and modifying their expression and activity, which includes transcription factors, inflammatory cytokines and factors of cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis. "	( Curcumin regulates miR-21 expression and inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Allgayer, H; Asangani, IA; George-William, JN; Kumarswamy, R; Mudduluru, G; Muppala, S; Nelson, LD, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has been found to have a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities."	( Evaluation of curcumin acetates and amino acid conjugates as proteasome inhibitors. Chan, TH; Chen, D; Cui, QC; Dou, QP; Kanwar, J; Mohammad, I; Wan, SB; Yang, H; Zhou, Z, 2010)	1.44
"Curcumin has a rather broad absorption peak in the range 300-500 nm (maximum approximately 430 nm) and has potential as a photosensitiser for treatment of localised superficial infections in e.g., the mouth or skin."	( Photokilling of bacteria by curcumin in selected polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) preparations. Studies on curcumin and curcuminoids, XLI. Bruzell, E; Haukvik, T; Kristensen, S; Tønnesen, HH, 2010)	1.38
"Curcumin has been reported to possess antioxidant, anticonvulsant as well as neuroprotective potential."	( Protective effect of curcumin against seizures and cognitive impairment in a pentylenetetrazole-kindled epileptic rat model. Gupta, P; Gupta, YK; Mehla, J; Reeta, KH, 2010)	1.4
"Curcumin has been studied as a potential drug for many diseases including cancer. "	( Synthesis and characterization of a cytotoxic cationic polyvinylpyrrolidone-curcumin conjugate. Manju, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2011)	2.04
"Curcumin has been reported to have an antitumor effect by inducing apoptosis and suppressing growth of tumor cells."	( Curcumin promotes apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells through miR-186* signaling pathway. Du, Y; Ren, X; Shi, J; Ti, X; Wu, C; Yin, H; Zhang, J; Zhao, F, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin has been recognized as a metal-binding compound and an anticancer agent, yet the involvement of metals in the anticancer action of curcumin remains unclear. "	( Transient metals enhance cytotoxicity of curcumin: potential involvement of the NF-kappaB and mTOR signaling pathways. Ding, WQ; Lou, JR; Zhang, XX; Zheng, J, 2010)	2.07
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to have antitumor effects including radiosensitization by modulating many molecular targets including p53. "	( Curcumin-altered p53-response genes regulate radiosensitivity in p53-mutant Ewing's sarcoma cells. Aravindan, N; Herman, TS; Natarajan, M; Veeraraghavan, J, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has potent anti-cancer properties."	( Hollow microcapsules built by layer by layer assembly for the encapsulation and sustained release of curcumin. Manju, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2011)	1.31
"Curcumin has a potent antiproliferative activity and can also potentiate the antitumor effect of gemcitabine. "	( Curcumin and gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Badmaev, V; Bar-Sela, G; Epelbaum, R; Schaffer, M; Vizel, B, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has great potential as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent; however, its effects on human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated molecular events are inadequately explored. "	( Curcumin suppresses human papillomavirus oncoproteins, restores p53, Rb, and PTPN13 proteins and inhibits benzo[a]pyrene-induced upregulation of HPV E7. Bell, MC; Chauhan, SC; Gupta, BK; Jaggi, M; Maher, DM; O'Donnell, EA, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-proliferative properties, and depending upon the experimental circumstances, may be pro- or anti-apoptotic. "	( Curcumin activates the p38MPAK-HSP25 pathway in vitro but fails to attenuate diabetic nephropathy in DBA2J mice despite urinary clearance documented by HPLC. Adler, SG; Dai, T; LaPage, J; Ma, J; Natarajan, R; Phillips, L; Wang, Y, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin has been reported to affect differentiation, activity and the lifespan of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro."	( Effects of curcumin on the skeletal system in rats. Folwarczna, J; Trzeciak, HI; Zych, M, )	1.24
"Curcumin has been investigated in preclinical and translational stroke models because of its pleiotropic 'neuroprotective' activities. "	( Neuroprotective and neurotrophic curcuminoids to treat stroke: a translational perspective. Lapchak, PA, 2011)	2.09
"Curcumin and piperine have been demonstrated to target breast cancer stem cells."	( Implications of cancer stem cell theory for cancer chemoprevention by natural dietary compounds. Li, Y; Schwartz, SJ; Sun, D; Wicha, MS, 2011)	1.09
"Curcumin has been used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries, as it is nontoxic and has a variety of therapeutic properties including anti-oxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activity."	( Curcumin: A review of anti-cancer properties and therapeutic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Srivatsan, ES; Veena, MS; Wang, MB; Wilken, R, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin has been reported to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in oral cancer cells. "	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin on oral carcinoma CAL-27 cells via suppression of Notch-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Ahmad, A; Chen, Z; Liao, S; Miele, L; Sarkar, FH; Wang, Z; Xia, J; Zhang, S, 2011)	2.13
"Curcumin has protective effects on a variety of CNS injury models. "	( Effects of curcumin on the dorsal root ganglion structure and functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush in rat. Aliabadi, E; Dehghani, F; Karbalay-Doust, S; Noorafshan, A; Omidi, A, 2011)	2.2
"Curcumin has antibacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, and anticancer properties."	( Can curcumin provide an ideal contraceptive? Naz, RK, 2011)	1.65
"Curcumin has been shown to suppress pathways linked to HIV-1 replication."	( HDAC1/NFκB pathway is involved in curcumin inhibiting of Tat-mediated long terminal repeat transactivation. Ruan, Z; Sang, WW; Zhang, HS, 2011)	1.37
"Curcumin has shown limited benefit for patients with psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), inflammatory eye diseases, familial adenomatous polyposis, and kidney transplantation (SOR: B, small, short randomized controlled trials [RCTs])."	( Clinical Inquiry. Does turmeric relieve inflammatory conditions? Judkins, DZ; White, B, 2011)	1.09
"Curcumin has been used in traditional medicine as a household remedy for various diseases including biliary diseases, cough, hepatic diseases, wound healing. "	( Effects of curcumin on the intestinal motility of albino rats. Kumar, A; Pandey, S; Purwar, B; Shrivastava, A, )	1.96
"Curcumin (CUR) has been shown strong antioxidant property."	( Antioxidant and vascular protective effects of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin in rats with L-NAME-induced hypertension. Donpunha, W; Kongyingyoes, B; Kukongviriyapan, U; Kukongviriyapan, V; Nakmareong, S; Pakdeechote, P; Phisalaphong, C; Sompamit, K, 2011)	1.35
"Curcumin has been associated with the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine, among them cancer. "	( Preparation and characterization of lyophilised egg PC liposomes incorporating curcumin and evaluation of its activity against colorectal cancer cell lines. Demetzos, C; Dimas, K; Georgopoulos, A; Hatziantoniou, S; Pandelidou, M, 2011)	2.04
"Curcumin has wound healing attributes mediated through a plethora of biological activities that in general are not ascribed to specific receptors. "	( Curcumin mediates both dilation and constriction of peripheral arterioles via adrenergic receptors. Clark, RA; Dewar, AM; Frame, MD; Singer, AJ, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has been proposed for treatment of various neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions, including post-traumatic inflammation during acute spinal cord injury (SCI). "	( Curcumin attenuates the expression and secretion of RANTES after spinal cord injury in vivo and lipopolysaccharide-induced astrocyte reactivation in vitro. Chang, CY; Chiu, WT; Hung, CC; Hung, KS; Lee, YH; Lin, JW; Lin, MS; Shie, FS; Sun, YY; Tsai, SH, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has been reported to cause inhibition on proliferation and induction of apoptosis in many human cancer cell lines, including non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC)."	( Combined treatment of curcumin and small molecule inhibitors suppresses proliferation of A549 and H1299 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Chuu, CP; Kuo, LK; Lin, HP, 2012)	1.41
"Curcumin has a unique structure with phenolic hydroxyl group as well as β-diketone moiety in the same molecule, both of which are able to donate electrons to free radicals."	( Significant enhancement in radical-scavenging activity of curcuminoids conferred by acetoxy substituent at the central methylene carbon. Chong, Y; Jeong, W; Kang, J; Kim, MK, 2011)	1.33
"Curcumin has been shown to have anti malarial activity, but poor bioavailability and chemical instability has hindered its development as a drug. "	( Oral delivery of curcumin bound to chitosan nanoparticles cured Plasmodium yoelii infected mice. Akhtar, F; Kar, SK; Rizvi, MM, )	1.91
"Curcumin has been reported to be an antioxidant, and it is this property that is widely held to be responsible for its protective effects in tissue."	( Curcumin attenuates aluminum-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain. Nahar, U; Nehru, B; Sood, PK, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin has considerable neuro-protective and anti-cancer properties but is rapidly eliminated from the body. "	( Curcumin and its nano-formulation: the kinetics of tissue distribution and blood-brain barrier penetration. Chien, CF; Lin, LC; Tsai, TH; Tsai, YM, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has anti-oxidative activity. "	( Curcumin protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss and decreases osteoclastogenesis. Choi, HS; Chung, HT; Ke, K; Kim, HJ; Kim, SH; Kim, SY; Kim, WK; Lee, MH; Sul, OJ, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and it modulates signaling of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), an important molecule in the pathobiology of BPD."	( Curcumin augments lung maturation, preventing neonatal lung injury by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Li, Y; Rehan, VK; Sakurai, R; Torday, JS, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin has been a front-line topic of mainstream scientific research for a variety of diseases from cancer to Alzheimer's to infectious diseases. "	( Multifaceted roles of curcumin: two sides of a coin! Chakravortty, D; Dasgupta, I; Gnanadhas, DP; Marathe, SA, 2011)	2.13
"Curcumin has shown a variety of biological activity for various human diseases including cancer in preclinical setting. "	( Enhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice. Chan, KK; Chen, W; Chiu, M; Fan-Havard, P; Wang, J; Yee, LD; Yen, W; Zhongfa, L, 2012)	2.17
"Curcumin has been shown to bind by multiple forces directly to numerous signaling molecules, such as inflammatory molecules, cell survival proteins, protein kinases, protein reductases, histone acetyltransferase, histone deacetylase, glyoxalase I, xanthine oxidase, proteasome, HIV1 integrase, HIV1 protease, sarco (endo) plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase, DNA methyltransferases 1, FtsZ protofilaments, carrier proteins, and metal ions."	( Multitargeting by curcumin as revealed by molecular interaction studies. Aggarwal, BB; Gupta, SC; Kim, JH; Patchva, S; Prasad, S; Priyadarsini, IK; Webb, LJ, 2011)	1.42
"Curcumin also have been shown to be a mediator of chemo-resistance and radio-resistance."	( Curcuma as a functional food in the control of cancer and inflammation. Bar Sela, G; Schaffer, M; Schaffer, PM; Zidan, J, 2011)	1.09
"Curcumin (CUR) has shown remarkably high cytotoxicity toward various cancer cell lines."	( Enhanced drug loading on magnetic nanoparticles by layer-by-layer assembly using drug conjugates: blood compatibility evaluation and targeted drug delivery in cancer cells. Manju, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2011)	1.09
"Curcumin has many pharmaceutical applications, many of which arise from its potent antioxidant properties. "	( Intracellular ROS protection efficiency and free radical-scavenging activity of curcumin. Barzegar, A; Moosavi-Movahedi, AA, 2011)	2.04
"Curcumin has been reported to induce Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulate the expression of numerous reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxifying and antioxidant genes in hepatocytes."	( Curcumin attenuates insulin resistance in hepatocytes by inducing Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Li, Q; Liu, ZX; Qin, M; Wang, JJ; Wang, XX; Wen, QS; Zhao, SG, )	2.3
"Curcumin has obvious inhibitory effect on human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cell proliferation, showing concentration dependency to promote apoptosis. "	( [Study on functions and mechanism of curcumin in inducing gastric carcinoma BGC apoptosis]. Qin, HB; Tang, JM; Wei, L; Zhang, JW, 2011)	2.08
"Curcumin has been shown to decrease ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in kidney or brain tissues. "	( Curcumin protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle. Arslan, E; Avci, G; Bozkurt, S; Guclu, O; Kadioglu, H; Muratli, SK; Sehirli, AO, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin has more potent antioxidant activity than vitamin E in the skeletal muscle I/R."	( Curcumin protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle. Arslan, E; Avci, G; Bozkurt, S; Guclu, O; Kadioglu, H; Muratli, SK; Sehirli, AO, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has been reported to inhibit the formation of amyloid β fibrils and aggregation."	( The binding of curcumin to various types of canine amyloid proteins. Chambers, JK; Mutsuga, M; Nakayama, H; Tei, M; Uchida, K, 2012)	1.45
"Curcumin has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic properties used alone and in combination with standard therapies."	( Curcumin: the potential for efficacy in gastrointestinal diseases. Berry, DP; Brown, K; Irving, GR; Karmokar, A; Steward, WP, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin has antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin attenuates Concanavalin A-induced liver injury in mice by inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and TLR9 expression. Han, B; Liu, HC; Tu, CT; Yao, QY; Zhang, SC; Zhang, YA, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin has been reported to inhibit the generation of Aβ, but the underlying mechanisms by which this occurs remain unknown. "	( Curcumin mediates presenilin-1 activity to reduce β-amyloid production in a model of Alzheimer's Disease. Hongmei, Z; Lu, S; Xiong, Z; Yu, L, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin has anticancer activities by modulating multiple signaling pathways and genes."	( Curcumin down-regulates visfatin expression and inhibits breast cancer cell invasion. Ahn, SC; Bae, MK; Bae, SK; Bae, YH; Jang, HO; Kim, SR; Park, HJ; Wee, HJ; Yun, I, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has been investigated as a potential photosensitizer (PS) in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). "	( Impact of curcumin supersaturation in antibacterial photodynamic therapy--effect of cyclodextrin type and amount: studies on curcumin and curcuminoides XLV. Bruzell, E; Hegge, AB; Larsen, KL; Nielsen, TT; Tønnesen, HH, 2012)	2.22
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects in cancer cells."	( Curcumin enhances the anticancer effects of trichostatin a in breast cancer cells. Graham, K; Lanza-Jacoby, S; Yan, G, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has shown promising antidepressant effect, however, its molecular target(s) have not been well defined."	( The CB₁ receptor-mediated endocannabinoid signaling and NGF: the novel targets of curcumin. Hassanzadeh, A; Hassanzadeh, P, 2012)	1.33
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to have many neuroprotective properties, including improvement of cognition in humans and neurogenesis in animals, yet the mechanism of such effects remains unclear."	( Curcumin enhances neurogenesis and cognition in aged rats: implications for transcriptional interactions related to growth and synaptic plasticity. Cao, X; Dong, S; Duan, Y; Hu, Y; Li, C; Mitchell, ES; Tiwari, JK; Xiu, J; Zeng, Q; Zhao, Z, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin, which has a long history as a dietary spice is known to suppress the growth of multiple cancer lines, but the effects on mesothelioma cells are not well defined."	( Curcumin induces autophagy in ACC-MESO-1 cells. Asakura, K; Hayashi, Y; Izumi, Y; Nomori, H; Yamauchi, Y, 2012)	2.54
"Pure curcumin has been reported to down-regulate the expression of WT1 in leukemic cells. "	( Pure curcumin decreases the expression of WT1 by upregulation of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in leukemic cells. Chen, CQ; Chen, JJ; Gao, SM; Wang, LY; Wu, JB; Xing, CY; Yang, JJ; Ye, LP; Yu, K, 2012)	1.41
"Curcumin has been suggested to possess anti-neoplastic properties. "	( Curcumin abrogates bile-induced NF-κB activity and DNA damage in vitro and suppresses NF-κB activity whilst promoting apoptosis in vivo, suggesting chemopreventative potential in Barrett's oesophagus. Alhamdani, A; Baxter, JN; Cronin, J; Eltahir, Z; Griffiths, P; Jenkins, GJ; Lewis, P; McAdam, E; Rawat, N, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to interact with multiple molecules and signal pathways, which makes it a potential adjuvant anti-cancer agent to chemotherapy."	( Curcumin: updated molecular mechanisms and intervention targets in human lung cancer. Li, Y; Ye, MX; Yin, H; Zhang, J, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has the potential to provide protection from CPB-induced lung damage reflected in the expression of oxidative stress markers. "	( Curcumin attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced lung oxidative damage in rats. Chen, HL; Dong, GH; Huang, H; Jing, H; Liu, K; Wu, HW; You, QS, 2012)	3.26
"Curcumin has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory properties as well as the ability to inhibit proliferation and decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in psoriatic keratinocytes."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-treated HaCaT cells. Han, J; Hu, J; Sun, J; Zhao, Y; Zhu, Q, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has been extensively investigated as a multi-target anti-tumor and anti-inflammation compound."	( Curcumin inhibits tumor proliferation induced by neutrophil elastase through the upregulation of α1-antitrypsin in lung cancer. An, Y; Cao, Y; Guo, H; Han, J; Li, X; Pan, X; Pan, Y; Xu, Y; Zhang, J, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has numerous biological functions, and many of these functions are related to induction of oxidative stress."	( Curcumin targeting the thioredoxin system elevates oxidative stress in HeLa cells. Cai, W; Duan, D; Fang, J; Wu, J; Zhang, B, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has long been used as an antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and modulator of pathological angiogenesis, whereas naringenin is a well-known immunomodulator. "	( Combinatorial antitumor effect of naringenin and curcumin elicit angioinhibitory activities in vivo. Ambasta, RK; Anand, K; Kumar, A; Kumar, P; Sarkar, A, 2012)	2.08
"Curcumin has shown therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD)."	( Curcumin and neurodegenerative diseases: a perspective. Bishayee, A; Carroll, RT; Darvesh, AS; Geldenhuys, WJ; Novotny, NA; Van der Schyf, CJ, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. "	( Biliary excretion of curcumin is mediated by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. Lee, JH; Lee, YJ; Oh, JH, 2012)	2.14
"Curcumin has been reported as having a neural protective effect on the AD model, and could modulate the proliferation of tumor cells through the regulation of cyclin D1 and c-myc cell signaling pathways."	( The protective effect of curcumin on Aβ induced aberrant cell cycle reentry on primary cultured rat cortical neurons. Du, S; Wang, J; Zhang, YJ, 2012)	1.4
"Curcumin has shown a wide range of properties such as anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. "	( In vitro cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of curcumin on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Almonacid, M; Barquinero, JF; Cervera, J; Montoro, A; Sebastià, N; Silla, MA; Soriano, JM; Such, E; Villaescusa, JI, 2012)	2.08
"Curcumin has been suggested to change the properties of cell membranes and affect the membrane-bound proteins indirectly; however, the detailed mechanism has yet to be investigated."	( Interaction between curcumin and mimetic biomembrane. Chen, G; Chen, Y; Li, G; Sun, L; Yang, N; Zhu, X, 2012)	1.42
"Curcumin has potential as a treatment for patients who have had a heart attack."	( Curcumin promotes cardiac repair and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction. Philip, T; Tootle, S; Wang, NP; Wang, ZF; Zhao, ZQ, 2012)	2.54
"Nanocurcumin has shown significantly greater in vivo therapeutic efficacy than pentamidine and free curcumin in an animal model of visceral leishmaniasis. "	( Antileishmanial activity of nanocurcumin. Ahmad, FJ; Arora, I; Maitra, A; Naqvi, S; Samim, M, 2011)	1.21
"Curcumin has anticonvulsant activity in the pilocarpine rat model of seizures, and that modulation of free radicals and nitric oxide synthase may be involved in this effect."	( Anticonvulsive and antioxidant effects of curcumin on pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. DU, P; Fan, W; Li, X; Lin, HJ; Ma, Y; Peng, WF; Tang, HY; Wang, X, 2012)	2.09
"Curcumin has shown considerable pharmacological activity, including anti-inflammatory, but its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolization have limited its application. "	( Enhanced bioavailability and efficiency of curcumin for the treatment of asthma by its formulation in solid lipid nanoparticles. Chen, Y; Cui, D; Li, A; Li, K; Liu, H; Wang, S; Wang, W; Xiao, Y; Xie, Q; Zhu, R, 2012)	2.08
"Curcumin (CUR) has been linked with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti amyloid, and antitumor effects, but its application is limited because of its low aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability."	( Preparation and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymeric nanoparticles. Feng, R; Song, Z; Zhai, G, 2012)	2.08
"Curcumin has been successfully used as a potent antioxidant against many pathophysiological states."	( Protective effect of curcumin on cyclosporin A-induced endothelial dysfunction, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative damage. Erboga, M; Kanter, M; Sagiroglu, T; Sezer, A; Yagci, MA, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin has extraordinary anticancer properties but has limited use due to its insolubility in water and instability, which leads to low systemic bioavailability. "	( Novel micelle formulation of curcumin for enhancing antitumor activity and inhibiting colorectal cancer stem cells. Chen, Z; Hu, F; Huang, J; Liu, L; Ni, C; Wang, K; Wang, X; Wu, P; Zhang, J; Zhang, T, 2012)	2.11
"Curcumin has been reported as potentially active against cancer."	( Curcumin-cyclodextrin complexes potentiate gemcitabine effects in an orthotopic mouse model of lung cancer. Bekaert, S; Cataldo, D; Chiap, P; Coia, I; Evrard, B; Foidart, JM; Gueders, M; Noel, A; Paulissen, G; Rocks, N; Van Heugen, JC, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin has multiple biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities. "	( A poly(glycerol-sebacate-curcumin) polymer with potential use for brain gliomas. Dong, DL; Lu, XL; Sun, B; Sun, ZJ; Tao, RB; Xie, X, 2013)	2.14
"Curcumin has been reported to improve wound healing in different animal models."	( Sustained wound healing activity of curcumin loaded oleic acid based polymeric bandage in a rat model. Das, M; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	1.38
"Curcumin has neuroprotective effect and could enhance memory. "	( Curcumin rescues aging-related loss of hippocampal synapse input specificity of long term potentiation in mice. Cheng, YF; Guo, L; Li, JM; Liu, YS; Wu, QW; Xie, YS; Zhang, J, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin has a variety of pharmacological effects. "	( In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of nanostructured lipid curcumin carriers for intragastric administration. Bao, W; Fang, M; Gao, H; Jin, Y; Liu, L; Wang, D; Wang, X; Xu, M; Yao, P, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin has a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity and might be clinically useful."	( Effect of curcumin on dexamethasone-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Khaghani, S; Khorsandi, L; Mirhoseini, M; Mohamadpour, M; Orazizadeh, M, 2013)	1.51
"Curcumin has been estimated as a potential agent for many diseases and attracted great attention owing to its various pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. "	( Advances in clinical study of curcumin. Liu, A; Su, X; Xi, Y; Yang, C; Yu, A; Zhai, G; Zhang, L, 2013)	2.12
"Curcumin has undergone more than 40 clinical trials for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and various human cancers."	( Promising curcumin-based drug design: mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin (MACs). Liang, G; Liu, Z; Zhao, C, 2013)	1.51
"Curcumin has been emerging as a promising therapeutic agent in oral cancer, either alone or in combination with standard therapeutic agents, and will probably become of practical use once its route of administration has overcome its poor bioavailability."	( Nutraceuticals as new treatment approaches for oral cancer--I: Curcumin. Chaushu, G; Dayan, A; Dayan, D; Salo, T; Vered, M; Zlotogorski, A, 2013)	1.35
"Curcumin has also shown protection against hepatic conditions, chronic arsenic exposure, and alcohol intoxication."	( Therapeutic roles of curcumin: lessons learned from clinical trials. Aggarwal, BB; Gupta, SC; Patchva, S, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin has been used in Asian traditional medicine for its medicinal properties. "	( Curcumin attenuates lupus nephritis upon interaction with regulatory T cells in New Zealand Black/White mice. Bae, H; Chung, HS; Kim, H; Lee, G; Lee, H, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin treatment has resulted in higher cytotoxicity in the cells that express telomerase enzyme, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent."	( Curcumin inhibits telomerase and induces telomere shortening and apoptosis in brain tumour cells. Hande, MP; Kalthur, G; Khaw, AK, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin has been shown to have potent anticancer activities like inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of angiogenesis. "	( Role of TGF-β signaling in curcumin-mediated inhibition of tumorigenicity of human lung cancer cells. Datta, R; Halder, SK; Zhang, B, 2013)	2.13
"Curcumin has been extensively studied for its therapeutic effects in a variety of disorders. "	( Phyto-power dietary supplement potently inhibits dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Cheng, AC; Chien, LL; Ho, CT; Lee, MF; Ma, NJ; Pan, MH; Sun, PP; Tsai, ML, 2013)	1.83
"Curcumin has been widely recognized to protect against metal toxicity but has major limitations of reduced bioavailability."	( Preventive efficacy of bulk and nanocurcumin against lead-induced oxidative stress in mice. Flora, G; Gupta, D; Tiwari, A, 2013)	1.39
"Curcumin has the ability to inhibit carcinogenicity through the modulation of the cell cycle by binding directly and indirectly to molecular targets including transcription factors (NF-kB, STAT3, β-catenin, and AP-1), growth factors (EGF, PDGF, and VEGF), enzymes (COX-2, iNOS, and MMPs), kinases (cyclin D1, CDKs, Akt, PKC, and AMPK), inflammatory cytokines (TNF, MCP, IL-1, and IL-6), upregulation of proapoptotic (Bax, Bad, and Bak) and downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl(2) and Bcl-xL)."	( Curcumin in various cancers. Lee, J; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A, )	2.3
"Curcumin also has effects to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and to promote antioxidant activities."	( Curcumin and obesity. Bradford, PG, )	2.3
"Curcumin has shown to be effective against various diabetes related complications. "	( SNEDDS curcumin formulation leads to enhanced protection from pain and functional deficits associated with diabetic neuropathy: an insight into its mechanism for neuroprotection. Bansal, AK; Joshi, RP; Kumar, A; Munjal, B; Negi, G; Pawar, YB; Sharma, SS, 2013)	2.29
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to be safe in six human trials and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity. "	( Safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin: a component of tumeric (Curcuma longa). Chainani-Wu, N, 2003)	2.03
"1. Curcumin has anti-carcinogen effects and is under clinical evaluation as a potential colon cancer chemopreventive agent. "	( Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of phenol sulfotransferase (SULT1A1) in human liver and extrahepatic tissues. Mosca, F; Pacifici, GM; Pietrabissa, A; Spisni, R; Vietri, M, 2003)	2.38
"Curcumin has been strongly implicated as an anti-inflammatory agent, but the precise mechanisms of its action are largely unknown. "	( Curcumin suppresses Janus kinase-STAT inflammatory signaling through activation of Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 in brain microglia. Joe, EH; Jou, I; Kim, HY; Park, EJ, 2003)	3.2
"Curcumin has been shown to have potent anti-metastatic activity, however, its mechanism of action is still unclear. "	( Prevention of intrahepatic metastasis by curcumin in an orthotopic implantation model. Koizumi, K; Ohashi, Y; Saiki, I; Sakurai, H; Tsuchiya, Y, 2003)	2.03
"Curcumin has been reported to exhibit anti-invasive and/or antimetastatic activities, but the mechanism remains unclear. "	( Anti-invasive gene expression profile of curcumin in lung adenocarcinoma based on a high throughput microarray analysis. Chen, HW; Chen, JJ; Chen, WJ; Chien, CT; Chou, HY; Lee, YT; Li, HN; Lin, YC; Yang, PC; Yao, PL; Yu, SL, 2004)	2.03
"Curcumin has been assessed on the human cancer cell lines, TK-10, MCF-7 and UACC-62, and their IC50 values were 12.16, 3.63, 4.28 microM respectively."	( Curcumin as a DNA topoisomerase II poison. Ayuso, MJ; Gálvez, M; López-Lázaro, M; Martín-Cordero, C, 2003)	2.48
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties, thus we hypothesize that locally released curcumin by coronary stent would diminish in-stent restenosis."	( Molecular responses of vascular smooth muscle cells and phagocytes to curcumin-eluting bioresorbable stent materials. Eberhart, RC; Nguyen, KT; Shaikh, N; Shukla, KP; Su, SH; Tang, L, 2004)	1.28
"Curcumin has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive activities. "	( Inhibition of colonic aberrant crypt foci by curcumin in rats is affected by age. Kwon, Y; Magnuson, BA; Malik, M, 2004)	2.03
"Curcumin has shown anti-carcinogenic activity in animal models."	( Suppression of protein kinase C and nuclear oncogene expression as possible action mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by Curcumin. Lin, JK, 2004)	1.25
"Curcumin has profound immunosuppressive effects mediated via inhibition of IL-2 synthesis, mitogen, and IL-2 induced activation of human lymphocytes. "	( Curcumin inhibits mitogen stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, NFkappaB activation, and IL-2 signaling. Chen, C; Jeon, H; Johnston, TD; Nagabhushan, M; Ranjan, D, 2004)	3.21
"Curcumin has been reported to have very strong anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, antiallergic, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor activities."	( [Determination of curcumin in urine by capillary electrophoresis]. Weng, Q; Xiong, J; Xu, G; Yang, J; Yuan, K; Zhang, H, 2004)	1.38
"Curcumin has great potential for the treatment of bladder cancer."	( [The effect of curcumin on bladder cancer cell line EJ in vitro]. Fan, T; Li, H; Lu, Y; Su, B; Sun, M; Wei, Q; Yang, Y, 2004)	1.4
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic activities. "	( Curcumin inhibits immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells: MAPKs and translocation of NF-kappa B as potential targets. Ahn, SC; Kim, GY; Kim, KH; Lee, CM; Lee, HJ; Lee, SH; Moon, DO; Park, YC; Park, YM; Yoon, MS, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin has potent antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in melanoma cells. "	( Curcumin-induced antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in melanoma cells are associated with suppression of IkappaB kinase and nuclear factor kappaB activity and are independent of the B-Raf/mitogen-activated/extracellular signal-regulated protein ki Aggarwal, BB; Kurzrock, R; Shishodia, S; Siwak, DR, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin has antifibrotic effects in glomerular disease, which are mediated through an induction of HO-1."	( Curcumin blocks fibrosis in anti-Thy 1 glomerulonephritis through up-regulation of heme oxygenase 1. Border, WA; Gaedeke, J; Noble, NA, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin has become a focus of interest with regard to its antitumor effects in prostate cancer; however, the effects of this agent on invasion and metastasis remain less well understood. "	( The effects of curcumin on the invasiveness of prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. Ahn, KS; Bae, E; Choi, HY; Hong, JH; Jeon, SS, 2006)	2.13
"Curcumin has been shown to markedly reduce serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in the late phase of AP, but failed in the prevention of tissue injury."	( Effects of curcumin on tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in the late phase of experimental acute pancreatitis. Altunatmaz, K; Aydin, S; Gulcubuk, A; Gurel, A; Haktanir-Yatkin, D; Sonmez, K; Uzun, H, 2006)	1.45
"Curcumin has been shown to prevent and inhibit carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in different organs of rodent carcinogenesis models. "	( Modulation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-mediated gene expression in mice liver and small intestine by cancer chemopreventive agent curcumin. Chan, JY; Gopalkrishnan, A; Hu, R; Huang, MT; Jain, MR; Kong, AN; Nair, S; Shen, G; Xu, C, 2006)	1.98
"Curcumin has been shown to possess variety of biological functions including anti-tumor activity. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis via inhibition of PI3'-kinase/AKT pathway in acute T cell leukemias. Al Kuraya, K; Al-Hussein, KA; Al-Rasheed, M; Hussain, AR; Manogaran, PS; Platanias, LC; Uddin, S, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anti-angiogenic properties and the angioinhibitory effects of curcumin manifest due to down regulation of proangiogenic genes such as VEGF and angiopoitin and a decrease in migration and invasion of endothelial cells."	( Biological effects of curcumin and its role in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Khar, A; Singh, S, 2006)	1.37
"Curcumin has a protective effect on radiation-induced cutaneous damage in mice, which is characterized by a downregulation of both inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines in irradiated skin and muscle, particularly in the early phase after radiation. "	( Curcumin protects against radiation-induced acute and chronic cutaneous toxicity in mice and decreases mRNA expression of inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines. Ding, I; Hu, D; Liu, W; Morrow, G; Okunieff, P; Pentland, A; Ryan, JL; Xu, J; Zhang, L, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin has therapeutic effects on TNBS acid-induced colitis, the mechanisms seem to be related to COX-2 inhibition and PGE(2) improvement."	( Curcumin-attenuated trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induces chronic colitis by inhibiting expression of cyclooxygenase-2. Deng, CS; Jiang, H; Xia, J; Zhang, M, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic activities. "	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin on nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-activated primary microglia. Cho, JY; Hong, S; Jung, KK; Kang, JH; Kang, SY; Kim, SH; Kim, TG; Lee, HS; Rhee, MH; Shin, WC, 2006)	2.1
"As curcumin has been reported to inhibit the NIK/IKK complex, an activity that would be expected to induce apoptosis in B cell malignancies, we sought to determine whether curcumin induces apoptosis in vitro in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells."	( Preclinical assessment of curcumin as a potential therapy for B-CLL. Everett, PC; Lerner, A; Makkinje, A; Meyers, JA; Rabbi, M, 2007)	1.15
"Curcumin has also been shown to be beneficial in all 3 stages of carcinogenesis."	( Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Maheshwari, RK; Sharma, A; Thangapazham, RL, 2006)	1.3
"Curcumin has profound antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. "	( Curcumin has potent liver preservation properties in an isolated perfusion model. Chen, C; Johnston, TD; Ranjan, D; Wu, G, 2006)	3.22
"Curcumin has already been the subject of several clinical trials for use as a treatment in human cancers."	( Synthesis and biological analysis of new curcumin analogues bearing an enhanced potential for the medicinal treatment of cancer. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kakudo, Y; Kato, S; Ohori, H; Shibata, H; Shibuya, M; Suzuki, T; Takahashi, A; Takahashi, S; Tomizawa, M; Yamakoshi, H, 2006)	1.32
"Curcumin/turmeric has to inhibit this alkali enhanced HNE-modification prior to inhibiting the normal HNE protein modification induced by HNE."	( Curcumin/turmeric solubilized in sodium hydroxide inhibits HNE protein modification--an in vitro study. Kurien, BT; Scofield, RH, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has been reported to correct cystic fibrosis caused by the DeltaF508 mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) but its mechanistic action remains unclear. "	( Curcumin enhances cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator expression by down-regulating calreticulin. Harada, K; Hashimoto, Y; Kai, H; Nakamura, K; Okiyoneda, T; Oyokawa, K; Shuto, T; Suico, MA, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin has been shown to induce apoptosis in many cancer cells. "	( Curcumin induces pro-apoptotic endoplasmic reticulum stress in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Chung, HT; Jeong, GS; Jeong, SO; Kang, SD; Kim, BN; Kim, HS; Kim, KM; Kim, SA; Kim, YC; Pae, HO, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 expression and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines."	( Curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells via MMP changes and caspase-3 activation. Chen, YF; Chung, JG; Lin, HL; Lin, YT; Lu, HF; Tan, TW; Tsai, HR; Tsai, HY; Tsou, MF, )	2.3
"Curcumin has protective effects against hepatic I/R injury. "	( Protective effect of curcumin against liver warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat model is associated with regulation of heat shock protein and antioxidant enzymes. Shen, SQ; Xiang, JJ; Xiong, CL; Zhang, Y, 2007)	2.1
"Curcumin has anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive properties in a variety of experimental cancer models. "	( The potentiation of curcumin on insulin-like growth factor-1 action in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Jin, L; Li, Q; Xia, Y; Xu, Y; Xue, H; Zhang, B, 2007)	2.11
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities and thus has a potential against various malignant diseases, diabetes, allergies, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and other chronic illnesses."	( Curcumin: the Indian solid gold. Aggarwal, BB; Ichikawa, H; Malani, N; Sundaram, C, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has been found to modulate the activity of several key transcription factors and, in turn, the cellular expression profiles."	( Modulation of transcription factors by curcumin. Chaturvedi, MM; Shishodia, S; Singh, T, 2007)	1.33
"Curcumin has been shown to protect against skin, oral, intestinal, and colon carcinogenesis and also to suppress angiogenesis and metastasis in a variety animal tumor models."	( Cancer chemopreventive effects of curcumin. Chun, KS; Surh, YJ, 2007)	1.34
"Curcumin has an inhibitory effect on two groups of proteinases involved in angiogenesis that are the members of the matrix metalloproteinase family and the urokinase plasminogen activator family."	( Curcumin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Arbiser, JL; Bhandarkar, SS, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has an outstanding safety profile and a number of pleiotropic actions with potential for neuroprotective efficacy, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-protein-aggregate activities."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin. Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Teter, B, 2007)	1.36
"Curcumin has proven to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of a number of inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory activity."	( Regulation of COX and LOX by curcumin. Rao, CV, 2007)	1.35
"Curcumin has also been demonstrated to have proapoptotic effects in several in vitro studies, mostly through the mitochondria-mediated pathway of apoptosis."	( Cell growth regulation. Joseph, J; Karunagaran, D; Kumar, TR, 2007)	1.06
"Curcumin has been found to exert a dual mode of action after irradiation depending on its dose."	( Radioprotection and radiosensitization by curcumin. Jagetia, GC, 2007)	1.33
"Curcumin has also been shown to have beneficial effect as a proangiogenic agent in wound-healing by inducing transforming growth factor-beta, which induces both angiogenesis and accumulation of extracellular matrix, which continues through the remodeling phase of wound repair."	( Beneficial role of curcumin in skin diseases. Maheshwari, RK; Sharma, A; Thangapazham, RL, 2007)	1.39
"Curcumin (U1) has a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects such as antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antispasmodic activities. "	( Nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of curcuminoids. Osawa, T, 2007)	2.04
"Curcumin has long been expected to be a therapeutic or preventive agent for several major human diseases because of its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancerous effects. "	( Clinical studies with curcumin. Cheng, AL; Hsu, CH, 2007)	2.1
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. "	( Curcumin decreases acid sphingomyelinase activity in colon cancer Caco-2 cells. Cheng, Y; Duan, RD; Kozubek, A; Ohlsson, L; Sternby, B, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to have an anti-tumor activity but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully uncovered. "	( Curcumin down-regulates Ets-1 and Bcl-2 expression in human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1-A cells. Shah, DM; Yu, Z, 2007)	3.23
"Curcumin has been detected to exist in nature in the form of curcuminoids, a mixture of curcumin, the major component, with two of its related demethoxy compounds (demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin)."	( Curcuminoids-cellular uptake by human primary colon cancer cells as quantitated by a sensitive HPLC assay and its relation with the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis. Chien, YW; Hsu, YC; Lin, S; Weng, HC, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has a potent anticancer effect and is a promising new therapeutic strategy. "	( Roles of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in curcumin-induced autophagy. Kondo, S; Kondo, Y; Shinojima, N; Yokoyama, T, )	1.81
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit NF-kappaB activity in several cell types."	( Curcumin downregulates the constitutive activity of NF-kappaB and induces apoptosis in novel mouse melanoma cells. Chen, S; Lee, HJ; Marín, YE; Martino, JJ; Namkoong, J; Rabson, AB; Ryu, JH; Suh, J; Wall, BA; Wang, S; Yang, CS, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit an inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes and has inhibited the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in association with a decrease in interleukin 12 (IL-12) production and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) activation."	( Curcumin modulation of IFN-beta and IL-12 signalling and cytokine induction in human T cells. Adrian Robins, R; Constantinescu, CS; Fahey, AJ, )	2.3
"Curcumin has an ameliorative effect on sperm parameters and improves morphologic features of sperm in mice."	( Curcumin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced toxicity in mice spermatozoa. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin has been used to treat cancer, diabetes and other pathologies. "	( Change in post-translational modifications of histone H3, heat-shock protein-27 and MAP kinase p38 expression by curcumin in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic nephropathy. Gaikwad, AB; Kabra, DG; Meena, RL; Tikoo, K, 2008)	2
"Curcumin has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory activities. "	( Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activities of mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin. Chen, L; Gurley, E; Hylemon, PB; Li, X; Li, Y; Liang, G; Studer, E; Wu, X; Yang, S; Ye, F; Zhou, H, 2008)	2.02
"Curcumin has been shown to exhibit growth inhibitory effects and induce apoptosis in a broad range of tumors. "	( Curcumin inhibits NFkappaB mediated radioprotection and modulate apoptosis related genes in human neuroblastoma cells. Ahmad, S; Aravindan, N; Herman, TS; Johnson, D; Madhusoodhanan, R, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin has been shown to possess anti-initiating and anti-promoting activity in experimental systems. "	( Dietary curcumin modulates transcriptional regulators of phase I and phase II enzymes in benzo[a]pyrene-treated mice: mechanism of its anti-initiating action. Garg, R; Gupta, S; Maru, GB, 2008)	2.22
"Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity."	( Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trials. Cho, J; Hatcher, H; Planalp, R; Torti, FM; Torti, SV, 2008)	2.51
"Curcuminoids have been reported to possess multifunctional bioactivities, especially the ability to inhibit proinflammatory induction. "	( Synthesis, crystal structure and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin analogues. Huang, K; Huang, Z; Li, X; Liang, G; Shao, L; Xiao, J; Yang, S; Zhou, H, 2009)	2.03
"Curcumin has been reported to be capable of preventing the death of neurons in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, but its possible effects on developmental and adult neuroplasticity are unknown."	( Curcumin stimulates proliferation of embryonic neural progenitor cells and neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Chung, HY; Kim, HS; Kim, MS; Kim, SJ; Lee, J; Mattson, MP; Park, HR; Park, M; Son, TG, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin has been shown to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced tumour promotion and some of the TPA-responsive markers in mouse skin. "	( Curcumin decreases 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced protein kinase C translocation to modulate downstream targets in mouse skin. Garg, R; Maru, GB; Ramchandani, AG, 2008)	3.23
"Curcumin has been found to inhibit the proliferation of various tumor cells in culture, prevents carcinogen-induced cancers in rodents, and inhibits the growth of human tumors in xenotransplant or orthotransplant animal models either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or radiation."	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of different cancers through interaction with multiple cell signaling proteins. Aggarwal, BB; Anand, P; Kunnumakkara, AB, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin has the potential to treat a wide variety of inflammatory diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, etc, through modulation of numerous molecular targets."	( Role of curcumin in health and disease. Eckel, J; Pari, L; Tewas, D, 2008)	1.5
"Curcumin has an inhibitory concentration50 (IC50) for strand transfer of 40 microM."	( Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase by curcumin. Kohn, KW; Mazumder, A; Pommier, Y; Raghavan, K; Weinstein, J, 1995)	1.25
"Curcumin has demonstrated phototoxicity to several species of bacteria under aerobic conditions (Dahl, T."	( Photocytotoxicity of curcumin. Bilski, P; Chignell, CF; Dahl, TA; Reszka, KJ, 1994)	1.33
"The curcumin radical has been produced via three mechanistically distinct methods."	( Curcumin-derived transients: a pulsed laser and pulse radiolysis study. Gorman, AA; Hamblett, I; Srinivasan, VS; Wood, PD, 1994)	2.21
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antitumor effects. "	( Differential sensitivity of human mammary epithelial and breast carcinoma cell lines to curcumin. Ramachandran, C; You, W, 1999)	1.97
"Curcumin has been widely used as a spice and coloring agent in foods. "	( Curcumin-containing diet inhibits diethylnitrosamine-induced murine hepatocarcinogenesis. Chen, CR; Cheng, AL; Chuang, SE; Hsieh, CY; Hsu, CH; Kuo, ML; Lai, GM; Lin, JK, 2000)	3.19
"Curcumin has shown anti-carcinogenic activity in animals as indicated by its ability to block colon tumor initiation by azoxymethane and skin tumor promotion induced by phorbol ester TPA."	( Recent studies on the biofunctions and biotransformations of curcumin. Lin, JK; Lin-Shiau, SY; Pan, MH, 2000)	1.27
"Curcumin has shown anti-carcinogenic activity in animals as indicated by its ability to block colon tumor initiation by azoxymethane and skin tumor promotion induced by phorbol ester TPA."	( Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Lin, JK; Lin-Shiau, SY, 2001)	1.3
"Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and renoprotective effects."	( Mechanism of heme oxygenase-1 gene induction by curcumin in human renal proximal tubule cells. Agarwal, A; Hill-Kapturczak, N; Liu, F; Nick, HS; Thamilselvan, V, 2001)	1.29
"Curcumin has an extensive history as a food additive and herbal medicine in India and is also a potent polyphenolic antioxidant."	( The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. Beech, W; Chu, T; Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Lim, GP; Yang, F, 2001)	1.38
"Curcumin has shown an average IC50 of 5.3 microM against promastigotes of various leishmanial strains which is much lower as compared with pentamidine that is one of the basic treatments against leishmaniasis."	( Latent activity of curcumin against leishmaniasis in vitro. Agha, A; Ali, SA; Ashfaq, K; Saleheen, D; Siddiqui, AA; Yasinzai, MM, 2002)	1.36
"Curcumin has been shown to have a number of pharmacological and therapeutic uses."	( Curcumin: a new cell-permeant inhibitor of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. Bilmen, JG; Dyer, JL; Hawtin, SR; Javed, MU; Khan, SZ; Michelangeli, F; Wheatley, M, 2002)	2.48
"Curcumin has proved nontoxic in a number of cell culture and whole animal studies."	( Photokilling of bacteria by the natural dye curcumin. Dahl, TA; McGowan, WM; Shand, MA; Srinivasan, VS, 1989)	1.26
"Curcumin has been used since ancient times as a treatment for a wide range of pathologies. "	( Curcuma longa aqueous extract: A potential solution for the prevention of corneal scarring as a result of pterygium surgical excision (Review). Angelini, A; Basile, M; Di Pietro, R; Sancilio, S; Stati, G, 2020)	2
"Curcuminoid substances has been reported to have benefits in treating dental chronic infection and inflammation diseases, such as chronic periodontitis."	( Photodynamic therapy of Curcuma longa extract stimulated with blue light against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Hormdee, D; Jitprasertwong, P; Morales, NP; Saitawee, D; Teerakapong, A, 2018)	1.2
"Curcuminoids have been used in traditional medicine for CVDs' management and other comorbidities for centuries."	( Curcuminoids: Implication for inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Adhikari, BK; Cai, L; Li, C; Li, F; Liu, Q; Liu, Y; Miao, X; Sun, J; Wang, Y; Zhang, R, 2019)	2.68

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Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC cells, EMT and characteristics of BCSC by Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway. Curcumin plays an important role in treating pulmonary hypertension and positively alters the complications.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC cells, EMT and characteristics of BCSC by Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway."	( Curcumin inhibits the invasion and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer via Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway. Fang, C; Guo, T; Hu, C; Huang, X; Ke, Q; Li, M; Lin, J; Wu, Y, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin promotes SCs proliferation and myelination through Runx2 and improves sciatic nerve repair."	( Curcumin enhances the proliferation and myelinization of Schwann cells through Runx2 to repair sciatic nerve injury. Gao, S; Li, Q; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, Z, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin could increase crizotinib cytotoxicity by epigenetically restoring the expression of miR-142-5p."	( Curcumin increases crizotinib sensitivity through the inactivation of autophagy via epigenetic modulation of the miR-142-5p/Ulk1 axis in non-small cell lung cancer. Bai, XH; He, YZ; Li, FN; Li, G; Li, HT; Li, S; Li, XN; Liu, YC; Lv, BL; Wei, D; Yu, SL; Zhang, HL; Zhao, XM, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin plays an important role in treating pulmonary hypertension and positively alters the aforementioned complications."	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Amin, F; Jamialahmadi, T; Johnston, TP; Sahebkar, A; Yousefvand, S, 2021)	1.66
"Curcumin plays an important role in inflammation regulation. "	( Curcumin alleviates lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammation and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibition of the NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Huang, Q; Ruan, H; Wan, B; Yang, M, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin may enhance the inflammation-induced IDO/KYN axis and allosterically regulate endogenous ligand binding to AhR, facilitating AhR activation to regulate inflammatory astrogliosis."	( Curcumin Facilitates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation to Ameliorate Inflammatory Astrogliosis. Chou, CC; Hung, CC; Lee, YH; Lin, CH, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. "	( Curcumin Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Melanoma via miR-222-3p/SOX10/Notch Axis. Cao, Y; Tang, Y, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin can enhance the apoptosis of T-ALL cells induced by Mcl-1 small molecule inhibitor UMI-77 by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Notch1 signaling pathway."	( [Effect of Curcumin on Apoptosis of Acute T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells induced by UMI-77 and Its Related Mechanism]. Cao, B; Song, L; Wu, YH; Xu, Z, 2022)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment can increase nuclear transfer of Nrf2 and the expression of Gpx4 and HO-1, reduce glucose induced myocardial cell damage, and reverse myocardial cell damage caused by the ferroptosis inducer erastin."	( Curcumin Attenuates Ferroptosis-Induced Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through the Nrf2 Pathway. Chao, S; Pinfang, K; Shaohuan, Q; Wei, Z, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin (Cur) plays a key role in photodynamic antibacterial activity as a photosensitizer. "	( Preparation of graphene oxide/polydopamine-curcumin composite nanomaterials and its antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus induced by white light. Hu, Y; Jiang, X; Li, P; Su, R; Su, W; Wang, X; Yan, H; Zhang, Y, 2022)	2.43
"Curcumin displays beneficial immunomodulatory functions and protective capacities in different TBI models, although more clinical experiments are required to clarify curcumin's precise mechanisms and function in TBI."	( Protective effects of curcumin against traumatic brain injury. Abdolghaffari, AH; Arab, ZN; Barreto, GE; Gumpricht, E; Jamialahmadi, T; Khayatan, D; Momtaz, S; Niknejad, AH; Nouri, K; Razavi, SM; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.76
"Curcumin is known to suppress the progression of colorectal cancer by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. "	( Curcumin Represses Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation by Triggering Ferroptosis Chen, M; Li, J; Tan, AH, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin could inhibit the proliferation of RCC in cell lines and nude mice. "	( Curcumin Inhibits Proliferation of Renal Cell Carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by Regulating miR-148/ADAMTS18 through Suppressing Autophagy. Xu, B; Yuan, CW; Zhang, JE, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma by regulating the miR-148/ ADAMTS18 axis through the suppression of autophagy in vitro and in vivo. "	( Curcumin Inhibits Proliferation of Renal Cell Carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by Regulating miR-148/ADAMTS18 through Suppressing Autophagy. Xu, B; Yuan, CW; Zhang, JE, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin can inhibit inflammasome assembly and slow the progression of pyroptosis by scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species, but it has poor water solubility and low bioavailability."	( Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid-anchored Curcumin-based Nanotherapeutics Inhibit Pyroptosis-induced Cytokine Release Syndrome for Chen, W; Lu, Y; Meng, LP; Shi, Y; Wang, XJ; Wu, Q; Xu, XL, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin could inhibit periprosthetic osteolysis induced by wear debris and adherent endotoxin, which commonly cause prosthesis loosening and negatively influence the long-term survival of joint arthroplasty. "	( Therapeutic effects of curcumin liposomes and nanocrystals on inflammatory osteolysis: In vitro and in vivo comparative study. Chen, J; Cheng, T; Hao, L; Huang, S; Jia, Y; Xu, D; Zhang, L; Zhang, X, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin can inhibit NF-κB and reduce the expression of inflammation-related genes."	( Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with curcumin analog 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone. Hou, G; Li, C; Li, W; Liu, Y; Yan, W, 2023)	1.9
"Curcumin may lower the severity and inflammatory response via the mitogen‑activated protein kinase‑signaling pathway, to some extent."	( Curcumin protects the pancreas from acute pancreatitis via the mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Bu, C; Wang, J; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Wu, K, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma LTEP-A2 cells."	( Inhibition of curcumin on human lung adenocarcinoma LTEP-A2 cells and its mechanism. Lei, C; Mingao, Z, 2019)	1.6
"Curcumin may inhibit OGD/R-induced cell damage by regulating miR-7-5p."	( Curcumin Prevents Brain Damage and Cognitive Dysfunction During Ischemic-reperfusion Through the Regulation of miR-7-5p. Liu, L; Mei, Y; Nie, B; Xu, H; Xu, M; Zhang, C; Zhang, Z, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin could inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation and effector cell activation."	( Curcumin prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting proliferation and effector CD4+ T cell activation. Liu, JQ; Liu, JT; Wang, X; Wang, YR; Yan, YQ, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin (CUR) may increase animal survival and lifespan under HS."	( Curcumin supplementation improves heat-stress-induced cardiac injury of mice: physiological and molecular mechanisms. Chen, Y; Du, Y; Jiang, W; Lai, CQ; Liu, L; Liu, X; Ordovas, JM; Shen, L, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin promotes the conversion of macrophages from M1 to M2."	( Curcumin regulates the differentiation of naïve CD4+T cells and activates IL-10 immune modulation against acute lung injury in mice. Chai, YS; Chen, YQ; Lin, SH; Wang, CJ; Xie, K; Xu, F; Yang, YZ, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin promotes cell growth, migration, and thus angiogenic potential of these cells."	( Curcumin stimulates angiogenesis through VEGF and expression of HLA-G in first-trimester human placental trophoblasts. Basak, S; Duttaroy, AK; Mallepogu, A; Srinivas, V, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin is able to enhance the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines and improve inflammatory disorders such as colitis by targeting STAT signaling pathway."	( Potential therapeutic effects of curcumin mediated by JAK/STAT signaling pathway: A review. Afshar, EG; Ashrafizadeh, M; Farkhondeh, T; Mohammadinejad, R; Rafiei, H; Samarghandian, S, 2020)	1.56
"HSA-curcumin NPs increase curcumin solubility in water as well as its stability in physiological and acidic conditions. "	( HSA-curcumin nanoparticles: a promising substitution for Curcumin as a Cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Hassan, Z; Matloubi, Z, 2020)	1.67
"Curcumin micelles suppress gastric tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo."	( Curcumin micelles suppress gastric tumor cell growth by upregulating ROS generation, disrupting redox equilibrium and affecting mitochondrial bioenergetics. Chen, S; Chen, T; Lin, X; Nan, K; Sun, H; Tao, Y; Wang, L; Wang, Z; Wu, W; Zeng, T; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L; Zheng, W; Zhong, Y; Zhu, Z, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin can inhibit bacterial virulence factors, inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and prevent bacterial adhesion to host receptors through the bacterial quorum sensing regulation system."	( Antibacterial Mechanism of Curcumin: A Review. Huang, C; Huang, H; Huang, L; Khan, MRU; Zhao, H; Zhao, Y; Zheng, D, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin could also suppress the expressions of NF-κB-p105 in BLM/IL-17A exposed mice."	( Effect of curcumin on IL-17A mediated pulmonary AMPK kinase/cyclooxygenase-2 expressions via activation of NFκB in bleomycin-induced acute lung injury in vivo. Prabhakar Bhandary, Y; Shaikh, SB, 2020)	1.68
"Curcumin displays anticancer properties; however, some issues with the drug delivery mode limit its therapeutic use. "	( Effects of curcumin complexes on MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cell proliferation. Cassidy, S; Fredericks, S; Mohammed, F; Rashid-Doubell, F; Taha, S, 2020)	2.39
"Curcumin can inhibit the osteoclastogenesis and the migration of several cells including macrophages. "	( Curcumin inhibits the migration of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis by repressing CCL3 production. Liang, Z; Lin, J; Wang, T; Wang, Y; Xie, Q; Xue, Y, 2020)	3.44
"The curcumin group showed lower total leukocyte counts as a result of lower numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes, as well as lower levels of total protein, alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase."	( Curcumin addition in diet of laying hens under cold stress has antioxidant and antimicrobial effects and improves bird health and egg quality. Abbad, LB; Alba, DF; Baldissera, MD; Boiago, MM; da Rosa, G; Da Silva, AS; Dazuk, V; Galli, GM; Molosse, V; Souza, CF; Stefani, LM, 2020)	2.48
"Curcumin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to ameliorate cognitive deficits after acute CI."	( Curcumin promotes neurogenesis of hippocampal dentate gyrus via Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway following cerebral ischemia in mice. Chen, L; Cheng, O; Jiang, Q; Ma, X; Song, D; Xiao, H; Yang, X, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin can activate AMPK in Hela cells, which do not express LKB1."	( Curcumin Prevents Neuroinflammation by Inducing Microglia to Transform into the M2-phenotype via CaMKKβ-dependent Activation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Pathway. Cai, Z; Huang, Z; Ma, J; Qiao, P; Tang, Y; Wang, Y; Zou, Q, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs, which may work through the EGR1. "	( Curcumin promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by inducting EGR1 expression. Fu, X; Lai, D; Ling, D; Shi, W; Zhang, F; Zhang, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin appears to suppress fascin expression, even with a minimal concentration and short exposure time."	( The inhibitory effect of curcumin via fascin suppression through JAK/STAT3 pathway on metastasis and recurrence of ovary cancer cells. Gil, EY; Kim, KT; Kim, MJ; Park, KS, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin can suppress inflammation after SCI; however, it remains unknown whether curcumin can modulate the survival of transplanted hUC-MSCs."	( Curcumin Improves Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival via ERK1/2 Signaling and Promotes Motor Outcomes After Spinal Cord Injury. Chengjian, F; Chengmin, L; Fei, N; Hongyan, Z; Jiangkai, L; Jichao, Y; Jie, W; Wanjiang, W; Xin, C; Yaxing, C, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin promotes VTR process in DVT through activating therapeutic angiogenesis. "	( Curcumin promotes venous thrombi resolve process in a mouse deep venous thrombosis model via regulating miR-499. Du, J; Guan, R; Wang, T; Xia, F; Xu, L, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin can suppress oncogenicity of many cancer cells, yet the effect and mechanism of curcumin in LGR5(+) colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) have not been studied."	( Curcumin suppresses LGR5(+) colorectal cancer stem cells by inducing autophagy and via repressing TFAP2A-mediated ECM pathway. Chen, Y; Huang, P; Mao, X; Xuan, Z; Zhang, X; Zheng, X, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin could inhibit the viability of ccRCC by down-regulating ADAMTS18 gene methylation though NF-κ B and AKT signaling pathway."	( Curcumin Inhibits Viability of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma by Down-Regulating ADAMTS18 Gene Methylation though NF-κ B and AKT Signaling Pathway. Peng, YJ; Xu, B; Zhu, WJ, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin could also inhibit the expression of cyclin D1/CDK4/6 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2/Bcl-XL induced by NE, and induced cell cycle changes and increased apoptosis."	( Curcumin inhibits adverse psychological stress-induced proliferation and invasion of glioma cells via down-regulating the ERK/MAPK pathway. Dong, J; Hao, X; Li, X; Tian, W; Wang, P; Wang, Z; Xiao, L; Yan, Y, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin did not produce any significant effect in the bone marrow of both CS-exposed adults and foetuses but it elicited a dose-dependent protective effect traceable in blood erythrocytes."	( Clastogenic effects of cigarette smoke and urethane and their modulation by olive oil, curcumin and carotenoids in adult mice and foetuses. Balansky, R; De Flora, S; Djongov, L; Kancheva, VD; La Maestra, S; Trofimov, AV, 2021)	1.57
"Curcumin can increase the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), autophagy marker light chain 3 (LC3)-II, and Beclin-1 in chondrocytes."	( Curcumin Inhibits Apoptosis of Chondrocytes through Activation ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways Induced Autophagy. Fan, Q; Feng, K; Li, J; Li, X; Tang, T; Wang, X; Yao, X; Yu, D, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin plays a significant therapeutic role in attenuating brain damage that has been induced by prenatal VPA exposure in rats; however, its therapeutic role as a dietary supplement still must be certified for use in humans."	( Postnatal treatment using curcumin supplements to amend the damage in VPA-induced rodent models of autism. Al-Askar, M; Al-Ayadhi, L; Bhat, RS; El-Ansary, A; Selim, M, 2017)	2.2
"The curcumin ethosomes can enhance bioavailability, which has a bioinequivalence with free curcumin."	( [Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Ethosomes in Rats Li, Y; Shi, MX; Wang, X; Zhang, JQ; Zhao, J, 2017)	1.33
"Curcumin can inhibit the inflammatory response of hepatocytes in sepsis rats and reduce the apoptosis of hepatocytes, which can protect hepatocytes from sepsis."	( [Protective effect of curcumin on hepatocytes in rats with sepsis]. Guo, Y; He, D; Liang, Y; Qiu, M; Tao, P; Yang, Y; Ye, X; Yin, H; Zhang, R, 2017)	2.21
"Curcumin could enhance neovascularization via promoting the function of EPCs in a diabetic mouse hindlimb ischemia model."	( Curcumin induces therapeutic angiogenesis in a diabetic mouse hindlimb ischemia model via modulating the function of endothelial progenitor cells. Ii, M; Li, J; Ma, T; Shen, Z; Sun, J; Wang, L; Wang, X; Yang, J; Yang, Z; You, J; Zhang, Z, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin could inhibit IAV in vitro and alleviate the severity of the disease in the mouse after infection with IAV."	( Curcumin ameliorates severe influenza pneumonia via attenuating lung injury and regulating macrophage cytokines production. Guo, X; Han, S; Huang, M; Xu, J, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin can inhibit the growth of cancer cells under certain conditions."	( Liposomes coated with thiolated chitosan as drug carriers of curcumin. Cai, Z; Deng, L; Ding, S; Li, L; Li, R; Wang, K; Zhang, S; Zhou, C, 2017)	1.42
"Curcumin may inhibit proliferation and induce the autophagy and apoptosis in GC cells."	( Curcumin regulates proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by affecting PI3K and P53 signaling. Cai, Q; Fu, H; Hu, Z; Wang, C; Wang, W; Wei, Z; Xu, J; Yan, R; Yang, D; Zhang, Y, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin can inhibit SAH-induced inflammatory response via restricting NF-κB activation to alleviate cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury."	( Curcumin mitigates cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage via inhibiting cerebral inflammation. Bai, X; Cai, J; Chen, R; Huang, Y; Pan, R; Sun, J; Sun, S; Wang, B; Xu, D, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin, which plays a neuroprotective role in various animal models of PD, was found to directly modulate the aggregation of α-synuclein in in vitro as well as in in vivo studies."	( Curcumin affords neuroprotection and inhibits α-synuclein aggregation in lipopolysaccharide-induced Parkinson's disease model. Nehru, B; Sharma, N, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin can suppress human prostate cancer (HuPCa) cell proliferation and invasion. "	( Curcumin Suppresses In Vitro Proliferation and Invasion of Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells by Modulating DLK1-DIO3 Imprinted Gene Cluster MicroRNAs. Chen, C; Huang, Y; Liu, T; Shen, H; Xi, H; Zhang, H; Zheng, J, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin can suppress HuPCaSC proliferation and invasion in vitro by modulating specific miRNAs in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted gene cluster."	( Curcumin Suppresses In Vitro Proliferation and Invasion of Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells by Modulating DLK1-DIO3 Imprinted Gene Cluster MicroRNAs. Chen, C; Huang, Y; Liu, T; Shen, H; Xi, H; Zhang, H; Zheng, J, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin can inhibit AGEs formation and AGEs-induced disturbances. "	( Curcumin against advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and AGEs-induced detrimental agents. Alizadeh, M; Kheirouri, S, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin prevented the increase in Aβ40 concentration in mononuclear cells and significantly decreased its secretion resulting from Aβ42 toxicity."	( Effect of curcumin on accumulation in mononuclear cells and secretion in incubation medium of Аβ(40) and cytokines under local excess of Аβ(42)-homoaggregates. Shulga, SM; Sokolik, VV, )	1.26
"Curcumin can suppress TGF-β1-induced CTGF expression through the interruption of Smad2 signaling."	( Curcumin inhibits TGF-β1-induced connective tissue growth factor expression through the interruption of Smad2 signaling in human gingival fibroblasts. Chen, JT; Chen, MH; Wang, CY, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin could increase cell adhesion through inhibiting JAK/STAT3 mediated by ER in Eca-109."	( The effect of curcumin on cell adhesion of human esophageal cancer cell. Chen, G; Kang, X; Liu, TD; Zhang, JX; Zheng, BZ, 2018)	2.28
"Curcumin promotes neuron survival "	( Curcumin protects neural cells against ischemic injury in N2a cells and mouse brain with ischemic stroke. Cai, J; Chen, RC; Gu, AP; Wu, Y; Xie, CJ, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin can cause different kinds of cell death depending of its concentration on the exposed cell type."	( Paraptosis in human glioblastoma cell line induced by curcumin. Arenas-Huertero, F; Corona, JC; Escobar, ML; Garrido-Armas, M; Hernández-Hernández, A; Ordóñez-Romero, F; Torres, L, 2018)	1.45
"Curcumin can inhibit the inflammatory reaction of hepatocytes of rats, prevent apoptosis, and protect the hepatocytes of rats with sepsis. "	( [The dose-dependent protective effect of curcumin on hepatocyte of rats with sepsis]. Guo, Y; Liang, Y; Qiu, M; Shu, J; Tao, P; Yang, Y; Yin, H; Zhu, Y, 2016)	2.14
"Curcumin displays strong antioxidant, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties, while collagen is acknowledged for promoting cell adhesion, migration and differentiation."	( Characterization of Collagen/Lipid Nanoparticle-Curcumin Cryostructurates for Wound Healing Applications. Courant, T; Fausto, AM; Giorgi, F; Laghezza Masci, V; Mariolle, D; Navarro, F; Taddei, AR; Texier, I; Tezgel, O, 2019)	1.49
"Curcumin can increase chemosensitivity of myeloma cells to bortezomib, this effect may be related to the inhibition of Notch1."	( [Curcumin Increases the Chemosensitivity of Multiple Myeloma to Bortezomib by Inhibiting the Notch1 Signaling Pathway]. Ge, XP; Hong, YT; Li, BZ; Li, YL, 2019)	2.87
"Curcumin can inhibit the growth, invasion and metastasis of various cancers."	( Potential Mechanisms of Action of Curcumin for Cancer Prevention: Focus on Cellular Signaling Pathways and miRNAs. Ding, H; Jiang, S; Li, P; Wang, K; Wang, M; Yu, F; Zhou, L; Zhou, M, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin and J7 could inhibit the oxidative stress damage of testicular tissue in diabetic rats, which might be related with the activation of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway."	( [Intervention of curcumin and its analogue J7 on oxidative stress injury in testis of type 2 diabetic rats]. Chen, GR; Chi, C; Miao, CF; Wu, G; Xu, FF, 2019)	2.3
"Curcumin can inhibit purified S. "	( Curcumin reduces Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation by inhibiting sortase A activity. Chen, MW; Hu, P; Huang, P, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin, because of its distinguishing ability to inhibit activation of transcription factor linked to chemoresistance and drug transporters, is now being co-administered with various potent anti-cancer drugs. "	( Simultaneous delivery of doxorubicin and curcumin encapsulated in liposomes of pegylated RGDK-lipopeptide to tumor vasculature. Barui, S; Chaudhuri, A; Haseena, S; Mondal, G; Saha, S, 2014)	2.11
"Curcumin may suppress GSTM5 expression to enhance the lethal effect of irinotecan on LOVO cells, and maybe their combination via the affection of PDI and PRDX4 to disturb the formation and reduction of disulfides results in inducing apoptosis of LOVO cell."	( Proteomic analysis identifies proteins associated with curcumin-enhancing efficacy of irinotecan-induced apoptosis of colorectal cancer LOVO cell. Chen, XW; Ju, YL; Ou Yang, MZ; Wang, JZ; Zhang, WJ; Zhu, DJ, 2014)	1.37
"Curcumin nanoparticles increase neuronal differentiation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, involved in regulation of neurogenesis."	( Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles potently induce adult neurogenesis and reverse cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model via canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Agarwal, S; Bhatnagar, P; Chaturvedi, RK; Chauhan, LK; Gupta, KC; Gupta, SK; Karmakar, M; Kumari, M; Nair, S; Patel, DK; Seth, B; Singh, D; Srivastava, V; Tiwari, SK; Tripathi, A; Yadav, A, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin can inhibit cell proliferation of breast cancer, but the mechanism for this inhibition remains unclear. "	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells through Nrf2-mediated down-regulation of Fen1 expression. Chen, B; Jiang, X; Rao, J; Wang, Y; Xu, Z; Zhang, Y, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin was found to activate p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) as well as c-jun NH2 terminal kinases (JNKs), in a dose- and time-dependent manner."	( Curcumin induces the apoptotic intrinsic pathway via upregulation of reactive oxygen species and JNKs in H9c2 cardiac myoblasts. Aggeli, IK; Beis, I; Gaitanaki, C; Zikaki, K, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin can inhibit proliferation of liver cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, but the specific signaling pathways involved are not completely clear. "	( Curcumin inhibits MHCC97H liver cancer cells by activating ROS/TLR-4/caspase signaling pathway. Li, PM; Li, YL; Li, Z; Liu, B; Wang, WJ; Wang, YZ, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin can inhibit apoptosis in EAE mice which maybe act through protection of mitochondrial injury and inhibition of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway."	( Curcumin inhibits mitochondrial injury and apoptosis from the early stage in EAE mice. Chen, CS; Feng, J; Qin, X; Tao, T; Yan, W, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin could inhibit the proliferative ability of breast cancer cells by inducing them in a concentration-dependent manner. "	( [Effect of curcumin in inducing apoptosis of MDA-MB-213 cells by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress]. Hong, R; Wu, Y; Wu, YQ, 2014)	2.23
"Curcumin is known to inhibit growth, invasion and metastasis by downregulating EGFR expression in some cancer cells."	( Curcumin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and invasion via EGFR signaling pathways. Cao, X; Chen, D; Fan, D; Wang, L; Yi, X; Zhen, L, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin may inhibit the remodeling of pulmonary vessel induced by chronic hypoxia hypercapnia by mast cell regulation."	( [Study on the mechanism of how curcumin improves pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Dong, MW; Fan, YY; Li, F; Li, JL; Lin, KZ; Ye, GH; Yu, LS, 2014)	2.13
"• Curcumin NPs suppress the expression of VEGF, inflammatory cytokines, and MMP."	( Curcumin nanoparticles inhibit corneal neovascularization. Chowdhury, S; Guha, R; Hazra, S; Konar, A; Nandi, S; Pradhan, N, 2015)	2.42
"Curcumin may inhibit the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB-p65 and reducing the release of inflammatory factors which, thereby, decelerates the process of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration."	( The effect of curcumin on NF-κB expression in rat with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Guo, CJ; Jin, QH; Ma, T; Sun, SX; Wu, L; Zhao, X, 2015)	2.22
"Curcumin could inhibit DMH-induced rat colorectal carcinogenesis and the growth of in vitro cultured HT 29 cell line, which might be achieved by activating PPARy signal transduction pathway."	( [Curcumin inhibited rat colorectal carcinogenesis by activating PPAR-γ: an experimental study]. Duan, CN; Liu, LB; Ma, ZY; Xu, G, 2015)	2.77
"Curcumin promotes cell growth and decreases cell impairment induced by Aβ."	( Protection of curcumin against amyloid-β-induced cell damage and death involves the prevention from NMDA receptor-mediated intracellular Ca2+ elevation. Chang, P; Huang, HC; Jiang, ZF; Lu, SY; Zheng, BW, 2015)	1.5
"Curcumin (CUR), can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells, its extreme insolubility and limited bioavailability restricted its clinical application."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin can inhibit α-synuclein gene overexpression or mutation induced α-synuclein oligomers formation. "	( [Effect of curcumin on oligomer formation and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels induced by overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein]. Chen, T; Deng, Y; Liao, X; Ma, F; Wen, G; Weng, G; Zhao, J; Zheng, Y, 2015)	2.25
"Curcumin did not increase phosphorylation of liver kinase B1, a primary kinase upstream of AMPK."	( Effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa extract) on LPS-induced acute lung injury is mediated by the activation of AMPK. Bae, HB; Choi, JI; Jeong, CW; Jeong, SW; Kim, J; Quan, H, 2016)	1.56
"Curcumin could inhibit PC-3 growth, decrease tumor volume, reduce tumor weight, and induce cell apoptosis under the skin of nude mice by up-regulating Bax and down-regulating Bcl-2."	( Effect of curcumin on Bcl-2 and Bax expression in nude mice prostate cancer. He, D; Ning, J; Peng, L; Yang, J, 2015)	1.54
"Curcumin could suppress the nuclear transport of NFκB through decreasing the interaction of P-IκB-NFκB."	( The inhibition of PI3K and NFκB promoted curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M via altering polyamine metabolism in Bcl-2 overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Akkoç, Y; Arısan, ED; Berrak, Ö; Çoker-Gürkan, A; Obakan-Yerlikaya, P; Palavan-Ünsal, N, 2016)	1.42
"Curcumin could increase the expression of hsa-miR-138, hsa-miR-138 inhibited cell proliferation and invasive ability by inhibition of its target genes."	( Curcumin inhibits the proliferation and invasion of human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 by regulating miR-138. An, F; Cao, X; He, X; Yu, D, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin may help to increase antioxidant enzymes and decrease oxidative stress in allergic rhinitis."	( Antioxidant activities of curcumin in allergic rhinitis. Acar, M; Altıntoprak, N; Berkoz, M; Cingi, C; Kar, M; Muluk, NB, 2016)	1.46
"Curcumin is known to activate 20S proteasome and promotes the degradation of intrinsically unfolded p53 tumor suppressor protein."	( Curcumin inhibits HIV-1 by promoting Tat protein degradation. Ali, A; Banerjea, AC, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin can inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer cells; however, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles, which are attributed to its instability under physiological conditions, have limited its application in anticancer therapy. "	( A novel double carbonyl analog of curcumin induces the apoptosis of human lung cancer H460 cells via the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway. Liang, G; Qiu, P; Ren, J; Shi, L; Wang, Z; Wei, X; Wu, J; Yang, L; Yao, S; Ye, H; Zhang, S, 2016)	2.16
"Curcumin promotes cell viability and induces proliferation of primary dental pulp fibroblasts and has the potential to be developed into an economical and reliable medicament for vital pulp therapy."	( An in vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity of curcumin against human dental pulp fibroblasts. Bhat, K; Mandrol, PS; Prabhakar, AR, )	1.84
"Curcumin displays a protective role in rat models of intestinal inflammation. "	( Protective effect of curcumin on TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation is mediated through the JAK/STAT pathway. Shen, H; Wang, Q; Wu, J; Xie, X; Ye, B; Zhang, X, 2016)	2.2
"Curcumin also plays an anti-apoptotic role in TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation."	( Protective effect of curcumin on TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation is mediated through the JAK/STAT pathway. Shen, H; Wang, Q; Wu, J; Xie, X; Ye, B; Zhang, X, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin can inhibit diabetes, heavy metal and stress-induced hypertension with its antioxidant, chelating and inhibitory effects on the pathways that lead to hypertension."	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin (cur) can inhibit glial scar formation, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood."	( Curcumin inhibits glial scar formation by suppressing astrocyte-induced inflammation and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Chen, Y; Chu, W; Feng, H; Li, L; Lin, J; Liu, W; Wen, Z; Yuan, J; Zhang, X; Zhu, H, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin can also increase the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which leads to an increase in the number of mitochondrial DNA duplicates in skeletal muscle cells."	( Curcumin: An effective adjunct in patients with statin-associated muscle symptoms? Banach, M; Pirro, M; Saboni, N; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin and VAE can inhibit the proliferation and viability of STS cells."	( Curcumin and Viscum album Extract Decrease Proliferation and Cell Viability of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Cells: An In Vitro Analysis of Eight Cell Lines Using Real-Time Monitoring and Colorimetric Assays. Becerikli, M; Behr, B; Daigeler, A; Harati, A; Harati, K; Hirsch, T; Jacobsen, F; Lehnhardt, M; Renner, M; Wallner, C, )	3.02
"Curcumin's ability to suppress LPS-induced inflammatory response may be due to the inhibition of miR-155."	( Anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin are associated with down regulating microRNA-155 in LPS-treated macrophages and mice. Ding, L; Hou, Y; Liu, F; Ma, F; You, M; Yue, H; Zhou, Y, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin can inhibit the growth and invasion of rat bladder cancer cells, possibly through the arresting of G1/S transition and subsequently increased apoptosis."	( The effect of curcumin on bladder tumor in rat model. Chen, GX; Deng, N; Pan, ZJ; Zou, ZH, 2017)	2.26
"Curcumin can inhibit the platelets to BMECs. "	( Effect of curcumin on the adhesion of platelets to brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Gu, ZL; Liang, ZQ; Qin, ZH; Zhang, L, 2008)	2.19
"Curcumin can suppress cell invasion and migration significantly (P <0.01)."	( [Effect of curcumin on invasion and migration of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113]. Guo, XL; Song, Y; Sun, SZ; Wang, WX, 2008)	1.46
"Curcumin can suppress Tca8113 invasion and migration by reducing the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9."	( [Effect of curcumin on invasion and migration of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113]. Guo, XL; Song, Y; Sun, SZ; Wang, WX, 2008)	2.18
"The curcumin could enhance toxicity of CTX on HT/CTX cells through inhibition of FA/BRCA pathway which was realized by suppression of FANCD2 monoubiquitination."	( [Antiproliferative effect of curcumin combined with cyclophosmide on the growth of human lymphoma cell line HT/CTX with drug resistance and its relation with FA/BRCA pathway]. Xiao, H; Zhang, KJ, 2008)	1.12
"Curcumin could suppress BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats at the fibrosing stage, with the possible mechanism of inhibiting the synthesis and deposition of type I collagen protein and depressing the overexpression of TGF-beta(1) mRNA. "	( [Effect of curcumin on the expression of collagen type I protein and transforming growth factor-beta1 mRNA in pulmonary fibrosis rats]. Chen, B; Gao, W; Zhang, DP, 2008)	2.18
"Curcumin could inhibit the expression of IDO in cancer cells."	( [Curcumin inhibiting the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induced by IFN-gamma in cancer cells]. Du, J; He, YW; Li, GC; Liao, SL; Wang, Z; Yi, YM; Zhang, KS, 2008)	2.7
"Curcumin promotes the formation of the highly curved inverted hexagonal phase, which may influence exocytotic and membrane fusion processes within the cell."	( Determining the effects of lipophilic drugs on membrane structure by solid-state NMR spectroscopy: the case of the antioxidant curcumin. Barry, J; Brender, JR; Fritz, M; Lee, DK; Ramamoorthy, A; Smith, PE, 2009)	1.28
"Curcumin did not inhibit the increase in calcium levels induced by anti-IgM antibody."	( Modulation of in vitro murine B-lymphocyte response by curcumin. Barros de Arruda, L; Cambier, JC; Chagas, KK; Decoté-Ricardo, D; Lopes, UG; Peçanha, LM; Redner, P; Rocha, JD, 2009)	1.32
"Curcumin can inhibit the formation of tumors in animal models of carcinogenesis and act on a variety of molecular targets involved in cancer development."	( Curcumin inhibits the migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Chung, JG; Hsu, SC; Kuo, CL; Lai, KC; Lin, JP; Lin, SS; Ma, YS; Wu, CC; Yang, JS, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin displays all the characteristics typical of classical uncouplers like fccP and 2,4-dinitrophenol."	( Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by curcumin: implication of its cellular mechanism of action. Lim, HW; Lim, HY; Wong, KP, 2009)	1.34
"Curcumin can inhibit MCF-7 cell's proliferation, and its mechanism may be related to the activities of protein kinases on cell signal pathway."	( [Regulation of protein kinases on signal pathway in breast cancer cell MCF-7 by curcumin]. Lu, YY; Su, SB; Zhang, H; Zhou, QM, 2009)	2.02
"Curcumin could inhibit the expression of PDGF-BB, PDGFRbeta and ERK1 which might be the mechanism of action curcumin on anti-fibrosis."	( [Study on effects of curcumin on expressions of PDGF-BB, PDGFRbeta and ERK1 of HSC]. Huang, ZS; Zhao, ZD, 2009)	2.11
"The curcumin ability to inhibit several factors like nuclear factor-kappaB, which modulates several pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines as well as its anti-oxidant properties, provide a rational molecular basis to use it in hepatic disorders."	( Pharmacological actions of curcumin in liver diseases or damage. Muriel, P; Rivera-Espinoza, Y, 2009)	1.13
"Curcumin promotes apoptosis of bladder tumor cells in vitro."	( Effects of curcumin in an orthotopic murine bladder tumor model. Batocchio, G; Chade, DC; Leite, KR; Sakiyama, BY; Sanudo, A; Srougi, M, )	1.24
"Curcumin may inhibit DCA-induced COX-2 mRNA transcription at 6 hour with more than 5 micromol/L and at 12 hour with more than 0.5 micromol/L."	( [The inhibitory effect of curcumin on the proliferation of HT-29 colonic cancer cell induced by deoxycholic acid]. Chen, X; Fang, WL; Jiang, K; Wang, BM; Wang, YM; Zhai, CY, 2009)	1.37
"Curcumin may inhibit HT-29 cell proliferation, COX-2 mRNA transcription, COX-2 protein expression and PGE(2) synthesis induced by DCA in HT-29 cell line. "	( [The inhibitory effect of curcumin on the proliferation of HT-29 colonic cancer cell induced by deoxycholic acid]. Chen, X; Fang, WL; Jiang, K; Wang, BM; Wang, YM; Zhai, CY, 2009)	2.1
"Curcumin at lower concentrations (10-30 microM) selectively reduced the cell viability of uveal melanoma cells, without affecting cell viability of fibroblasts and choroidal melanocytes."	( Curcumin induces cell death in human uveal melanoma cells through mitochondrial pathway. Chen, M; Hu, DN; Lu, C; McCormick, SA; Rosen, R; Song, E; Xue, C, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin itself promotes pro-apoptosis protein Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 cleavage and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-XL and X-IAP degradation, and combination of C6 ceramide with curcumin dramatically enhances it."	( C6 ceramide potentiates curcumin-induced cell death and apoptosis in melanoma cell lines in vitro. Li, J; Sun, H; Yu, T, 2010)	1.39
"Curcumin could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through inhibiting the expression of GSK-3β and inducing the expression of β-catenin and CyclinD1, which will provide a new theory for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by Curcumin."	( Curcumin activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β in APPswe transfected SY5Y cells. Li, Y; Shi, XD; Yin, WK; Zhang, X, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin appears to inhibit skin SCCa growth and blocks tumor progression by inhibiting pS6 even when gavage is used to deliver curcumin, indicating even more significant effects in future experiments with local application."	( Curcumin inhibits skin squamous cell carcinoma tumor growth in vivo. Abreo, F; Clark, C; Clifford, JL; Gill, JR; Herman-Ferdinandez, L; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CO; Phillips, JM; Rong, X, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin did not inhibit protease levels in vivo, but attenuated RGC and amacrine cell loss by restoring NF-κB expression."	( Curcumin attenuates staurosporine-mediated death of retinal ganglion cells. Burugula, B; Chintala, SK; Ganesh, BS, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin diet did not increase the transcription of mRNA of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2."	( Effect on pro-inflammatory and antioxidant genes and bioavailable distribution of whole turmeric vs curcumin: Similar root but different effects. Aiyer, HS; Li, Y; Malik, D; Martin, RC, 2012)	1.32
"Curcumin alone did not produce any obvious effects on the expression of syndecan-4 protein or phosphorylated p44/42 MAPK (P>0.05)."	( [Effects of curcumin on syndecan-4 protein and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression in tumor necrosis factor-α-induced rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro]. Lai, W; Luo, Y; Ouyang, P; Xu, D, 2012)	1.48
"Curcumin can suppress the proliferation of rat VSMCs and lower the expression of syndecan-4 protein and phosphorylated p44/42 MAPK in TNF-α-induced VSMCs."	( [Effects of curcumin on syndecan-4 protein and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression in tumor necrosis factor-α-induced rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro]. Lai, W; Luo, Y; Ouyang, P; Xu, D, 2012)	2.2
"Curcumin can increase the apoptotic rate of COC1/DDP cells, so has synergistic effect on with chemotherapy drugs on the induction of cell apoptosis. "	( [Study on curcumin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer resistant cell lines COC1/DDP]. Lin, L; Wang, P; Zhao, XL, 2012)	2.22
"Curcumin can increase the expression of synapse-related proteins PSD95 and Shank1 in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, improve structure and plasticity of synapse in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and enhance their learning and memory abilities."	( [Effect of curcumin on synapse-related protein expression of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice]. Li, R; Ren, Y; Sun, H; Wang, H; Wang, P; Wei, P; Yang, J, 2012)	2.21
"Curcumin and lycopene increase cytotoxic activity in the PE/CA-PJ15 cell line and reduce cell migration capacity, while the combination of curcumin or lycopene with irradiation exerts a synergic effect."	( Synergic effect of curcumin or lycopene with irradiation upon oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Camacho-Alonso, F; López-Jornet, P; Tudela-Mulero, MR, 2013)	2.16
"Curcumin appears to inhibit skin cancer formation and prolong time to tumor onset when administered by either an oral or topical route. "	( Curcumin inhibits UV radiation-induced skin cancer in SKH-1 mice. Ekshyyan, O; McLarty, J; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CA; Phillips, J; Sonavane, K, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin is able to inhibit the proliferation of CA46 cells and induce the cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of c-myc, bcl-2, mutant-type p53 and up-regulating the expression of Fas."	( Anticancer activities of curcumin on human Burkitt's lymphoma. Chen, Y; Lu, L; Wu, Y; Xu, J, 2002)	2.06
"Curcumin could inhibit effectively QGY in a dose- and time- dependent manner. "	( [Effects of curcumin on proliferation and apoptosis in human hepatic cells]. Che, Y; Li, H; Tang, W, 2002)	2.14
"Curcumin inhibit the proliferation in both estrogen receptor (ER) positive MCF-7 cells and ER negative MDA-MB-231 cells. "	( [Analysis of anti-proliferation of curcumin on human breast cancer cells and its mechanism]. Di, GH; Li, HC; Shao, ZM; Shen, ZZ, 2003)	2.04
"Curcumin can obviously inhibit the proliferation of BAECs induced by fetal bovine serum (FBS) and tumor conditioned medium. "	( [Study on the effects of curcumin on angiogenesis]. Chen, N; Cheng, D; Ding, Z; Gao, C; Liang, B, 2003)	2.07
"Curcumin can inhibit angiogenesis by preventing proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. "	( [Study on the effects of curcumin on angiogenesis]. Chen, N; Cheng, D; Ding, Z; Gao, C; Liang, B, 2003)	2.07
"Curcumin could inhibit the human mesangial cell proliferation and alter the extracellular matrix turnover, meanwhile it could down-regulate the IL-1 beta and MCP-1 mRNA expression induced by LPS, which may be valuable in decreasing the progression of glomerulosclerosis."	( [Curcumin inhibited the proliferation and extracellular matrix production of human mesangial cells]. Bao, HY; Chen, RH; Fei, L; Huang, SM; Pan, XQ, 2003)	2.67
"Curcumin could inhibit K562 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. "	( [Effect of curcumin on STAT5 signaling molecule in K562 cells]. Chen, WH; Chen, Y; Gu, JX; He, J, 2004)	2.16
"Curcumin can generate reactive oxygen species as a prooxidant in the presence of transition metals in cells, resulting in DNA injuries and apoptotic cell death."	( Prooxidant activity of curcumin: copper-dependent formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA and induction of apoptotic cell death. Haneda, M; Htay, HH; Li, WH; Murakami, K; Naruse, M; Qiao, SL; Tsubouchi, R; Yokochi, T; Yoshino, M, 2004)	1.36
"Curcumin can inhibit the cellular proliferation and the expression of STAT5 mRNA, and down-regulate the activation of STAT5 in primary CML cells."	( [Effect of curcumin on STAT5 signaling pathway in primary CML cells]. Chen, WH; Chen, WK; Chen, Y; Cui, GH; Gu, JX; Hu, D; Li, XG, 2004)	1.43
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation of hfRPE cells by cells cycle arrest."	( [Curcumin inhibits the proliferation of cultured human fetal retinal pigment epithelium cells]. Gong, L; Guo, L; Jiang, D; Zhu, X, 2004)	2.68
"Curcumin can suppress the growth, induce apoptosis of bladder cancer EJ cell in vitro. "	( [The effect of curcumin on bladder cancer cell line EJ in vitro]. Fan, T; Li, H; Lu, Y; Su, B; Sun, M; Wei, Q; Yang, Y, 2004)	2.12
"Curcumin plays an important role in regulating B-NHL cell line Raji cell proliferation and apoptosis."	( Curcumin, a potent anti-tumor reagent, is a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor regulating B-NHL cell line Raji proliferation. Chen, Y; Cui, GH; Liu, HL; Zhou, JF, 2005)	2.49
"Curcumin is known to inhibit beta-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity in HCT116 cells but not in SW620 cells."	( The inhibitory mechanism of curcumin and its derivative against beta-catenin/Tcf signaling. Hahm, ER; Kim, HK; Park, CH; Park, S; Yang, CH, 2005)	1.34
"Curcumin could suppress the expression of NFkappaB p65."	( Effect of curcumin on immune function of mice. Li, X; Liu, X, 2005)	1.45
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of A375 cells in vitro, and the genes encoding c-myc and caspase-3 may play a role in the process."	( [Apoptosis induced by curcumin and its effect on c-myc and caspase-3 expressions in human melanoma A375 cell line]. Liu, A; Qiu, S; Rao, GZ; Tan, SS; Wang, WY; Yuan, JY; Zhang, JA, 2005)	2.09
"Curcumin could inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells in a time- and dose- dependent manner, with the IC50 at 24 h and 36 h of 40 micromol/L and 25 micromol/L, respectively. "	( [Effects of curcumin on the acetylation of histone H3, P53 and the proliferation of NB4 cells]. Chen, Y; Li, XG; Liu, HL; Wu, Q, 2005)	2.15
"Curcumin can suppress the growth of LNCaP, and promotes their apoptosis."	( [Curcumin-induced apoptosis in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP in vitro]. Chen, K; Guo, H; Liu, GC; Ye, ZQ; Yu, JH, 2006)	2.69
"Curcumin can inhibit the activity and expression of the transcriptional co-activator p300 and HDAC1, which may be involved in its pharmacological mechanisms on B lymphoma cells."	( [Regulatory effect of curcumin on p300 and HDAC1 in B-NHL cells]. Chen, Y; Li, XG; Tang, YY; Wu, Q, 2006)	1.37
"Curcuminoids did not inhibit the binding of [alpha-(32)P]8-azidoATP to ABCG2, suggesting that they do not interact with the ATP-binding site of the transporter."	( Modulation of the function of the multidrug resistance-linked ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 by the cancer chemopreventive agent curcumin. Ambudkar, SV; Chearwae, W; Limtrakul, P; Shukla, S, 2006)	1.26
"Curcumin displays both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, giving it the potential to be considered in the development of cancer preventive strategies and applications in clinical research."	( Curcumin content of turmeric and curry powders. Al-Delaimy, WK; Heath, DD; Rock, CL; Tayyem, RF, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin did not inhibit the oxidative DNA damage caused by 50 microM H2O2 in mouse lymphocytes."	( DNA damage in mouse lymphocytes exposed to curcumin and copper. Bobadilla-Morales, L; Corona-Rivera, A; Corona-Rivera, JR; Mendoza-Magaña, ML; Ramírez-Herrera, MA; Troyo-Sanromán, R; Urbina-Cano, P, 2006)	1.32
"Curcumin also acts to enhance apoptosis, although EGCG and apigenin do not stimulate apoptosis."	( Keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis--differential mechanisms of regulation by curcumin, EGCG and apigenin. Balasubramanian, S; Eckert, RL, 2007)	1.28
"Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation and activation of HSCs, induce the apoptosis of activated HSCs and enhance the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. "	( Effects of curcumin on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and nuclear translocation/redistribution in culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells. Cheng, Y; Ping, J; Xu, LM, 2007)	2.17
"Curcumin was found to suppress the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and intercellular adhesion molecule- and elevated the expression of antimetastatic proteins, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases-2, nonmetastatic gene 23, and Ecadherin."	( Antitumor, anti-invasion, and antimetastatic effects of curcumin. Guruvayoorappan, C; Kumar, KB; Kuttan, G; Kuttan, R, 2007)	1.31
"Curcumin, which may inhibit these pathways, was therefore investigated for a potential therapeutic role in glioma."	( Curcumin suppresses growth and chemoresistance of human glioblastoma cells via AP-1 and NFkappaB transcription factors. Brann, DW; Dhandapani, KM; Mahesh, VB, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin is known to inhibit the histone acetyltransferase activity of the transcriptional coactivator proteins p300 and CBP, which are recruited to the immediate early (IE) gene promoters of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) by the viral transactivator protein VP16."	( Curcumin inhibits herpes simplex virus immediate-early gene expression by a mechanism independent of p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity. Doroghazi, J; Kutluay, SB; Roemer, ME; Triezenberg, SJ, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin can also activate apoptosis, down-regulate cell survival gene products, and up-regulate p53, p21, and p27."	( Multi-targeted therapy by curcumin: how spicy is it? Aggarwal, BB; Goel, A; Jhurani, S, 2008)	1.37
"Curcumin can suppress the growth of PC-3 cells, promote their apoptosis and arrest their cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and reduce the expression of VEGF mRNA and proteins, which may sever to explain its inhibitory effect on tumor and angiogenesis."	( [Curcumin inhibits the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vitro]. Deng, G; Hu, ZQ; Ye, ZQ; Yu, JH, 2008)	2.7
"Curcumin, thus, may inhibit chemical carcinogenesis by modulating cytochrome P450 function."	( Action of curcumin on the cytochrome P450-system catalyzing the activation of aflatoxin B1. Aboobaker, VS; Bhattacharya, RK; Firozi, PF, 1996)	1.42
"Curcumin did not produce any change in the activity of caspase-3, whereas uv irradiation considerably activated this protease."	( A novel apoptosis-like pathway, independent of mitochondria and caspases, induced by curcumin in human lymphoblastoid T (Jurkat) cells. Drela, N; Feiga, I; Piwocka, K; Sikora, E; Skierski, J; Szopa, J; Wieckowski, MR; Wojtczak, L; Zabłocki, K, 1999)	1.25
"Curcumin can inhibit Lovo cells growth and the cellular mechanism responsible for the action is to arrest the cell cycle in S, G2/M phase and to induce apoptotic cell death."	( Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation by interfering with the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells. Chen, H; Zhang, YL; Zhang, ZS; Zhou, DY, )	2.3
"Curcumin induced an increase in rat liver mitochondrial membrane permeability, resulting in swelling, loss of membrane potential and inhibition of ATP synthesis."	( Curcumin induces the mitochondrial permeability transition pore mediated by membrane protein thiol oxidation. Barthélémy, S; Labidalle, S; Morin, D; Tillement, JP; Zini, R, 2001)	2.47
"Curcumin was found to inhibit the activated cytosolic and particulate PKC at very low concentrations."	( Modulation of radiation-induced protein kinase C activity by phenolics. Dubey, P; Krishna, M; Varadkar, P; Verma, N, 2001)	1.03
"A curcumin-mediated increase in heme oxygenase activity was not affected by the glutathione precursor and thiol donor N-acetyl-L-cysteine."	( Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and curcumin: a novel class of heme oxygenase-1 inducers. Calabrese, V; Foresti, R; Giuffrida Stella, AM; Green, CJ; Motterlini, R; Scapagnini, G, 2002)	1.15
"Curcumin was found to inhibit the (1)O(2)-dependent 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxyl (TEMPO) formation in a dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) quencher. Das, CK; Das, KC, 2002)	2.48
"Curcumin enemas increase the quantity of acid mucins in the intestinal flow in the excluded colon, with dose and time dependency."	( Tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in colon mucosa without intestinal transit subjected to intervention with Curcuma longa (curcumin). Alves, AJ; Coy, CS; Magro, DO; Martinez, CA; Pansani, AH; Pereira, JA, 2017)	2.1

Treatment

Curcumin treatment significantly decreased tumor protein levels of EGFR and Akt, however the expression of these proteins was not further decreased following combination treatment. Curcumin pretreatment mitigated LPS-induced DA neurotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner and curcumin post-treatment showed protective effect.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Curcumin treatment dose-dependently reduced viability, clonality and metastatic ability in TPC-1 and SW1736 cells. "	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by inhibiting the JAK2 / STAT3 pathway. Hu, Y; Zhou, N; Zhu, Q, )	3.02
"Curcumin treatment blocks PTC cells to proliferate and invade via inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway."	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by inhibiting the JAK2 / STAT3 pathway. Hu, Y; Zhou, N; Zhu, Q, )	3.02
"Curcumin-treated old C57BL10ScSn soleus preserved type-1 myofiber size and increased type-2A one, whereas EDL maintained adult values of total myofiber number and fiber-type composition."	( Chronic Systemic Curcumin Administration Antagonizes Murine Sarcopenia and Presarcopenia. Bondì, M; Caliceti, P; Danieli-Betto, D; Germinario, E; Gorza, L; Guerra, I; Salmaso, S; Tibaudo, L; Tusa, C; Vitadello, M; Vitiello, L, 2021)	1.68
"Curcumin treatment (50, 100 mg/kg) ameliorated these changes significantly by varying degrees."	( Curcumin plays a local anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-ΚB pathway in rat masseter muscle under psychological stress. Chen, YJ; Huang, F; Jiang, W; Miao, L; Sun, YY; Zhang, M, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment increased the proliferation of SCs and the expression of Runx2."	( Curcumin enhances the proliferation and myelinization of Schwann cells through Runx2 to repair sciatic nerve injury. Gao, S; Li, Q; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, Z, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment led to upregulation of 59% TSGs in MCF7, 21% in MDA-MB-231 cells, and 36% TSGs in T47D, and downregulation of 57% oncogenes in MCF7, 76% in MDA-MB-231, and 91% in T47D. "	( Curcumin alters distinct molecular pathways in breast cancer subtypes revealed by integrated miRNA/mRNA expression analysis. Choudhary, B; Desai, S; Nirgude, S, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated ACR-induced neuronal toxicity as revealed by the ameliorated cell viability, mitigated intracellular ROS and MDA level, and elevated GSH content."	( Curcumin Attenuates the PERK-eIF2α Signaling to Relieve Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH‑SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Wang, N; Wu, X; Yan, D; Yan, H; Yao, J; Yuan, J, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment sensitized response to Ara-C in MNCs of AML mice, but had no direct effect on AML cell lines. "	( Curcumin sensitizes response to cytarabine in acute myeloid leukemia by regulating intestinal microbiota. Chen, Q; Chen, X; Liu, J; Luo, W; Sun, H; Zhou, G, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin-treated rats required more stimulations compared to vehicle-treated rats to reach Racine stage IV seizures, indicating that curcumin delayed seizure development. "	( No persistent effects of intracerebral curcumin administration on seizure progression and neuropathology in the kindling rat model for temporal lobe epilepsy. Berkhout, J; Chan, D; Drion, CM; Gorter, JA; Kooijman, L; van Vliet, EA; Wadman, WJ, 2022)	2.43
"Curcumin-treated groups, with and without PZQ, resulted in higher significant Immunoreactivity score (IRS) for Bcl-2-associated X (BAX) and lower Interleukine- 17A (IL-17A), and Human epidermal growth factor (EGF), compared to the control."	( Potentiality of curcumin on ISHAK scoring system and the expressions of BAX, IL-17A, and EGF in the treatment ofSchistosoma mansoni infection using Swiss albino mice. Abd-Elaal, AA; Amin, NM; El Saftawy, EA; El-Dardiry, MA; Negm, MSI, 2022)	1.79
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved electrical activity of neurons in the SNc of rotenone-induced PD model rats."	( Protective effect of curcumin against rotenone-induced substantia nigra pars compacta neuronal dysfunction. Badalyan, SH; Darbinyan, LV; Hambardzumyan, LE; Manukyan, LP; Sarkisian, VH; Simonyan, KV, 2022)	1.76
"Curcumin-treated mice showed improved learning and memory using the Morris Water Maze and novel object recognition task."	( Curcumin induces cortico-hippocampal neuronal reshaping and memory improvements in aged mice. de la Cruz, F; Díaz, A; Flores, G; Garcés-Ramírez, L; Gnecco, D; González-Granillo, AE; Juarez, I; Morales-Medina, JC, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment caused decreased expression of Bcl2, with simultaneous upregulation of the Bax/Bcl2 ratio."	( Effect of Curcumin on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line HN5. Abdolahinia, ED; Aghbali, A; Ahmadian, S; Alsharif, KF; Bohlouli, S; Dizaj, SM; Gharehbagh, FJ; Jahandizi, NG; Khan, H; Saadat, YR; Sharifi, S; Vahed, SZ, 2023)	2.03
"Curcumin treatment promoted proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, and these effects were mediated by the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/SMAD family member 3/hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha signaling pathway. "	( Overexpression of TRPM7 promotes the therapeutic effect of curcumin in wound healing through the STAT3/SMAD3 signaling pathway in human fibroblasts. Lei, S; Li, H; Wang, H; Yan, L; Zhang, H, 2023)	2.6
"Curcumin treatment can increase nuclear transfer of Nrf2 and the expression of Gpx4 and HO-1, reduce glucose induced myocardial cell damage, and reverse myocardial cell damage caused by the ferroptosis inducer erastin."	( Curcumin Attenuates Ferroptosis-Induced Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through the Nrf2 Pathway. Chao, S; Pinfang, K; Shaohuan, Q; Wei, Z, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment was found to reduce ISGylation in a dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin partly prevents ISG15 activation via ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-like protein and decreases ISGylation. Fukui, H; Hatakeyama, S; Oki, N; Okumura, F; Tanaka, T; Yamada, S, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin treatment was administered orally once daily for 15 days before pulp exposure and continued for 30 days after pulp exposure."	( Curcumin reduces inflammation in rat apical periodontitis. Azuma, MM; Cantiga-Silva, C; Cardoso, CBM; Cintra, LTA; de Oliveira, PHC; Ervolino, E; Justo, MP; Sivieri-Araújo, G, 2022)	2.89
"Curcumin's role in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been proven by numerous studies, but its preventive administration, with the aim of reducing the remission episodes that are characteristic of this disease, must be further investigated. "	( Curcumin-Loaded Microspheres Are Effective in Preventing Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Inflammatory Abnormalities in Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Hales, D; Kiss, B; Muntean, DM; Neag, MA; Porfire, A; Rațiu, IA; Sesărman, A; Ștefan, MG; Tefas, LR; Tomuță, I, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin treatment and miR-599 overexpression could promote cell proliferation, and inhibit cell apoptosis, inflammation response and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating ox-LDL-induced cell damage in HUVECs. "	( Curcumin ameliorates oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-caused damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the miR-599/MYD88/NF-κB axis. Chen, D; Yang, Q; Ye, S; Zhu, C, 2022)	3.61
"Curcumin + piperine treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the mean serum levels of IgE [from 223.6 ± 258.7 IU/mL to 161.3 ± 240.7; P = 0.001]; but there were no significant changes in the placebo group (P = 0.12)."	( Effects of curcumin-piperine supplementation on systemic immunity in young women with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea: A randomized clinical trial. Bahrami, A; Ferns, GA; Mohammadifard, M; Motahari-Nasab, M; Rajabi, Z, 2022)	1.83
"Curcumin pretreatment may be able to prevent ketamine-induced damage."	( Curcumin alleviates ketamine-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via Nrf2 signaling pathway in rats' cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Chen, H; Cui, Y; Gao, L; Jin, X; Li, T; Sheng, X; Song, X; Xu, X; Zhang, X, 2023)	3.07
"Nanocurcumin treatment improved the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and reduced corticosterone and oxidative stress in the NCUR + NOISE animals."	( Protective effects of nanocurcumin against stress-induced deterioration in the intestine. Alinaghipour, A; Ashabi, G; Nabavizadeh, F; Riahi, E; Salami, M; Soheili, M, 2022)	1.5
"Curcumin treatment had a protective effect on the number of primordial follicles in the DC2 group and on antral follicle numbers in the DC3 group."	( Beneficial effects of curcumin in the diabetic rat ovary: a stereological and biochemical study. Kaplan, S; Tufekci, KK, 2023)	1.95
"Curcumin pre-treatment may exert an anti-inflammatory role via inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in cultured hDPSCs."	( The protective role of curcumin in human dental pulp stem cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide via inhibiting NF-κB p65 phosphorylation to suppress NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Chen, Y; Huang, X; Lan, C; Lin, C; Qian, Y; Wang, Y; Zhang, Y, 2023)	2.66
"Curcumin treatment markedly alleviated post-trauma cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier integrity, and suppressed neuronal apoptosis, reduced mitochondrial injury and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. "	( Curcumin Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Promotes Behavioral Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury. Chen, B; Gu, J; Nie, C; Shi, QX; Wang, T; Zhao, ZP; Zhou, Q, 2023)	3.8
"Curcumin treatment restrained proliferation and accelerated apoptosis of colon cancer cells."	( Curcumin inhibits colon cancer malignant progression and promotes T cell killing by regulating miR-206 expression. Tong, Q; Wu, Z, 2024)	3.61
"Curcumin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of C6661-IR cells, promoted apoptosis and enhanced radiosensitivity."	( Curcumin Increases Radiosensitivity of Radioresistant Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Luo, L; Shi, Y; Wang, G; Wang, Z; Xu, Z; Zhu, J, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin treatment inhibited proliferation and migration of cancer cells in a dose dependent manner."	( Curcumin inhibits human cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of SVCT2. Hong, E; Jang, SY; Kim, J; Lee, K; Na, Y; Park, S; Yeom, CH, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin treatment triggered mitochondrial membrane depolarization, engulfment of mitochondria within autophagosomes and a robust decrease in mitochondrial mass and proteins, indicating that curcumin selectively induced mitophagy in thyroid cancer cells."	( Curcumin induces mitophagy by promoting mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity and sensitizes human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells to radioiodine treatment. Bao, J; Cheng, X; Gao, W; Qiu, L; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Xu, S; Yu, H; Zhang, L, 2023)	3.07
"Curcumin treatment significantly decreased viability while increasing the SubG1 phase in all cell lines tested, indicating apoptosis is the main programmed cell death pathway activated upon curcumin treatment in CRC. "	( The role of curcumin on apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis on colorectal cancer in vitro. Aru, B; Dal, Z, 2023)	2.73
"Curcumin treatment markedly inhibited the degradation of IκBα, the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and the expression levels of the NF-κB downstream inflammatory genes such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and PGE2 in the MSU-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages. "	( Curcumin attenuates MSU crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting the degradation of IκBα and blocking mitochondrial damage. Chen, B; Li, H; Ou, G; Ren, L; Yang, X; Zeng, M, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin treatment significantly increased the expression of Beclin1, Atg5, and Atg16L1, induced the formation of autophagosomes, and promoted autophagosome-lysosome fusion in N2a/APP695swe cells."	( Enhancing the retrograde axonal transport by curcumin promotes autophagic flux in N2a/APP695swe cells. Gao, M; Li, S; Li, X; Li, Y; Liang, J; Xiong, X; Zhang, X; Zhou, F, 2019)	1.49
"Curcumin treatment switched the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype by decreasing the expression of M1 markers (i.e., iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and CD16/32) and elevating the expression of M2 markers (i.e., arginase 1, IL-4, IL-10, and CD206)."	( Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation by promoting microglial M2 polarization via TREM2/ TLR4/ NF-κB pathways in BV2 cells. Du, Y; Fu, J; Luo, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin treatment up to 12 and 33 weeks resulted in increased ovarian volume and number of follicles and was associated with elevated anti-Müllerian hormone and oestrogen and diminished FSH serum levels."	( The antioxidant curcumin postpones ovarian aging in young and middle-aged mice. Abdollahifar, MA; Azami, SH; Eini, F; Farsani, MA; Nazarian, H; Novin, MG, 2020)	1.63
"Curcumin treatment improved motor coordination and muscular activity, reduced cleaved caspase-3, and increased glutathione level in 3-AP-lesioned rats as well as total volumes of cerebellar granular and molecular layers."	( Curcumin protects purkinje neurons, ameliorates motor function and reduces cerebellar atrophy in rat model of cerebellar ataxia induced by 3-AP. Abdollahifar, MA; Aliaghaei, A; Bayat, AH; Boroujeni, ME; Danyali, S; Ebrahimi, V; Heidari, MH; Mahmoudi, M, 2019)	3.4
"Curcumin treatment inhibited cell proliferation, growth, migration, and invasion by inhibition of those pathways."	( Curcumin Modulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Reducing UNC119 Expression. Malhotra, A; Seng, WY; Zhao, Z, 2019)	2.68
"Nanocurcumin treatment suppressed DENV growth, although no significant difference observed compared to the curcumin solution counterpart."	( Antiviral Action of Curcumin Encapsulated in Nanoemulsion against Four Serotypes of Dengue Virus. Adi, AC; Anindya, AL; Denis, D; Nabila, N; Rachmawati, H; Sasmono, RT; Suada, NK; Veterini, AS; Yohan, B, 2020)	1.36
"Curcumin post-treatment reduced I/R-induced lung injury in rats. "	( Post-treatment curcumin reduced ischemia-reperfusion-induced pulmonary injury via the Notch2/Hes-1 pathway. Bo, H; Feng, X, 2020)	2.35
"Curcumin treatment could partially improve the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations induced by LA."	( Ameliorative effect of curcumin against lead acetate-induced hemato-biochemical alterations, hepatotoxicity, and testicular oxidative damage in rats. Abdelhamid, FM; Ateya, AI; Mahgoub, HA, 2020)	1.59
"Curcumin pre-treatment significantly increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of neurons exposed to H/R, in a concentration-dependent manner."	( Curcumin Suppresses Apoptosis and Inflammation in Hypoxia/Reperfusion-Exposed Neurons via Wnt Signaling Pathway. Lin, L; Wu, N; Zhou, J, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin treatment inhibited the expression of the inflammation mediators IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and of the matrix-degrading proteinases MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5 and upregulated the mRNA levels of the cartilage anabolic factors COL2A1 and ACAN after IL-1β treatment."	( Nrf2/ARE is a key pathway for curcumin-mediated protection of TMJ chondrocytes from oxidative stress and inflammation. Jiang, C; Li, X; Li, Y; Liu, P; Luo, P; Xu, J, 2020)	1.57
"Curcumin pre-treatment significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the sensitivity of leukemic cell lines to TRAIL recombinant proteins."	( Curcumin augments therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL-based immunotoxins in leukemia. Jayaprakasam, M; Surapally, S; Verma, RS, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin pretreatment protects against HSR-induced pulmonary function impairment by increasing tissue SIRT1, which reduced lavage MDA and TNF-α and differential neutrophil count in a dose-dependent fashion."	( Curcumin Attenuates Hemorrhagic Shock and Blood Replenish Resuscitation-induced Impairment of Pulmonary Barrier Function by Increasing SIRT1 and Reducing Malondialdehyde and TNF-α Contents and Neutrophil Infiltration in Lung in a Dose-Dependent Fashion. Wang, JJ; Yu-Wung Yeh, D, )	3.02
"Curcumin role in the treatment of oral cancers and the precancer lesion is very promising."	( Comparison of Efficacy of Topical Curcumin Gel with Triamcinolone-hyaluronidase Gel Individually and in Combination in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Bakhle, S; Bhowate, RR; Gandagule, R; Lanjekar, AB; Narayane, A; Pawar, V, 2020)	2.28
"Curcumin treatment significantly prevented these alterations in testosterone and gene expressions (p<0.01)."	( Possible Protective Effects of Curcumin Biabangard, A; Fard, AA; Samadi, M, 2021)	1.63
"Curcumin treatment inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and viability in a dose‑dependent manner, in addition to promoting a dose‑dependent increase in the expression levels of miR‑192‑5p and a reduction in c‑Myc expression levels."	( miR‑192‑5p upregulation mediates the suppression of curcumin in human NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting c‑Myc and inactivating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Liu, Z; Pan, Y; Sun, Y; Zhang, C, 2020)	1.53
"Nanocurcumin treatment was associated with a significant reduction in triglycerides (β = -16.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: -31.51 to -0.75; P < .05), VLDL-cholesterol (β = -3.22 mg/dL, 95% CI: -6.30 to -0.15; P < .05), total cholesterol (β = -17.83 mg/dL, 95% CI: -29.22 to -6.45; P < .05), LDL-cholesterol (β = -15.20 mg/dL, 95% CI: -25.53 to -4.87; P < .05), and total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (β = -1.15, 95% CI: -0.2.10 to -0.21; P < .05) when compared with the placebo."	( The Effects of Nano-curcumin on Metabolic Status in Patients With Diabetes on Hemodialysis, a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Aghadavod, E; Asemi, Z; Bahmani, F; Reiner, Z; Shafabakhsh, R; Soleimani, A, 2020)	1.36
"The curcumin treatment efficiently reduced the expressions of hypertrophy markers by MSCs in vitro."	( Dual functional construct containing kartogenin releasing microtissues and curcumin for cartilage regeneration. Asgari, N; Bagheri, F; Eslaminejad, MB; Ghafari, AM; Ghanian, MH; Sayahpour, FA, 2020)	1.27
"Curcumin treatment for 2 and 4 h at 37°C induced increases in ROS levels by 42% and 59% (dihydroethidium-derived fluorescence), accompanied by increases in NADPH oxidase protein expression by 24% and 32%, respectively (all P < 0.01)."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Heat-Induced Injury through NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Redox Signaling and Mitochondrial Preservation in C2C12 Myoblasts and Mouse Skeletal Muscle. Chen, Y; Deuster, PA; Dohl, J; Gasier, HG; Wang, L; Yu, T, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin treatment restrained proliferation and facilitated apoptosis in HCT8/DDP cells."	( LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is a key factor in the reversal effect of curcumin on cisplatin resistance in the colorectal cancer cells. Feng, YJ; You, HY; Zhang, ZT; Zheng, ZH, 2021)	1.59
"Curcumin treatment was reported to delay the progression of OA, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. "	( Curcumin reinforces MSC-derived exosomes in attenuating osteoarthritis via modulating the miR-124/NF-kB and miR-143/ROCK1/TLR9 signalling pathways. Hao, Y; Qiu, B; Xu, X; Yi, P, 2020)	3.44
"Curcumin pretreatment inhibited the effects of cisplatin on ACh indicators and ICC."	( Curcumin Alleviates the Side Effects of Cisplatin on Gastric Emptying of Mice by Inhibiting the Signal Changes of Acetylcholine and Interstitial Cells of Cajal. Li, H; Li, P; Liu, X; Shang, F; Xu, W; Ye, J; Yu, X, 2020)	2.72
"Curcumin treatment enhances CTSC level in CRCs; however, CTSC silencing with subsequent curcumin treatment (sequential treatment) induces ER stress and autophagic dysregulation accompanied by lysosomal permeabilization and ROS generation."	( In vitro and in vivo studies on potentiation of curcumin-induced lysosomal-dependent apoptosis upon silencing of cathepsin C in colorectal cancer cells. Kang, SC; Khaket, TP; Khan, I; Singh, MP, 2020)	1.54
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced inflammation, foreign body reaction, granulation tissue formation, medulla spinalis retraction, and EF formation compared with positive control group (P < 0.05); however, no significant differences were found between the 2 groups that received different doses of curcumin."	( The Preventive Effect of Curcumin on the Experimental Rat Epidural Fibrosis Model. Cokluk, C; Demirel, C; Turkoz, D; Yazicioglu, IM, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin treatment showed higher production of GSH (P = 0.002) and total glutathione (GSH+2GSSG) (P = 0.002) but lower GSH/GSSG ratio (P < 0.001) than the NCC group."	( The effects of different doses of curcumin compound on growth performance, antioxidant status, and gut health of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria species. Craig, SW; Gould, RL; Kim, WK; Lorraine Fuller, A; Pazdro, R; Souza Dos Santos, T; Teng, PY; Yadav, S, 2020)	1.56
"Curcumin treatment impairs the assembly of the RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex at rDNA promoters and represses rDNA promoter activity, which leads to the decrease of rRNA synthesis."	( Identification of curcumin as a novel natural inhibitor of rDNA transcription. Qian, C; Wan, W; Wang, L; Wang, Q; Wu, Y; Xu, Y, 2020)	1.61
"Curcumin 10 μmol/L treatment maximal promoting the cells viability, ALP activities, mineralization, and levels of Runx2, OC, OPN, Collagen I and EGR-1 in hPDLSCs."	( Curcumin promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by inducting EGR1 expression. Fu, X; Lai, D; Ling, D; Shi, W; Zhang, F; Zhang, Y, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin post-treatment can alleviate the lung injuries induced by limb ischaemia-reperfusion via downregulating the levels of miR-21 mRNA."	( The mechanism of curcumin post-treatment relieving lung injuries by regulating miR-21/TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. Sun, XF; Zou, HB, 2020)	2.34
"Curcumin pretreatment reduced IL-1β-induced articular chondrocyte apoptosis."	( Curcumin ameliorates IL-1β-induced apoptosis by activating autophagy and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in rat primary articular chondrocytes. Chen, T; Chen, Y; Fu, W; Hu, W; Lu, C; Ma, G; Wei, X; Zhou, R, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin treatment ameliorated peripheral blood cells generation, enhanced SIRT3 activity, decreased SOD2 acetylation, inhibited mROS production, and suppressed iron loading-induced autophagy."	( Iron overload adversely effects bone marrow haematogenesis via SIRT-SOD2-mROS in a process ameliorated by curcumin. Dong, Y; Jiang, S; Ma, R; Ma, Y; Qian, S; Shen, J; Shen, Z; Shi, Y; Sun, L; Wang, S; Ye, H; Yu, K; Zhang, S; Zhou, S, 2021)	1.56
"Curcumin treatment inhibited the formation of hydroxyl (OH), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and (nitric oxide) NO free radicals in a concentration-related way."	( Antioxidant activity of curcumin protects against the radiation-induced micronuclei formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to various doses of γ-Radiation. Jagetia, GC, 2021)	1.65
"Curcumin when treated at a dose of 0.5 μg/mL attenuated micronuclei formation after γ-irradiation by inhibiting the formation of radiation-induced free radicals."	( Antioxidant activity of curcumin protects against the radiation-induced micronuclei formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to various doses of γ-Radiation. Jagetia, GC, 2021)	2.37
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved DM/CCH-induced cognitive deficits and attenuated neuronal cell death. "	( Curcumin protects against cognitive impairments in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion combined with diabetes mellitus by suppressing neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. Fu, J; Guan, J; Liu, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y; Zheng, Y, 2021)	3.51
"Curcumin treatment failed to inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in MEG3 knockdown or PTEN knockdown cells."	( Curcumin suppresses tumor growth of gemcitabine-resistant non-small cell lung cancer by regulating lncRNA-MEG3 and PTEN signaling. Ding, J; Gao, L; Shao, T; Zheng, W, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin treatment showed reduced amount of fibrosis and significant reduction in level of liver biomarkers, reversal of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH), MDA level, catalase activity and regain of electrolyte homeostasis."	( Hepatoprotective role of curcumin in rat liver cirrhosis. Fatima Zaidi, SN; Mahboob, T, 2020)	1.58
"Curcumin treatment significantly lowered Kerr score and the levels of serum CCL2 in TAK patients. "	( Curcumin alleviates inflammation in Takayasu's arteritis by blocking CCL2 overexpression in adventitial fibroblasts. Chen, R; Fan, X; Huang, Q; Jiang, L; Kong, X; Ma, L; Sun, Y; Wang, Y; Wu, S; Yu, W, )	3.02
"Curcumin treatment (200 mg/kg) not only decreased the deposition of arsenic in liver and kidney, but also relieved the hepatic and nephritic biochemical indexes (Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [AST], Alanine aminotransferase [ALT], albumin, and creatinine) altered by arsenic at doses of 10 and 25 mg/L via drinking water."	( Curcumin functions as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent on arsenic-induced hepatic and kidney injury by inhibiting MAPKs/NF-κB and activating Nrf2 pathways. Gu, Y; Li, B; Li, Y; Sun, L; Xu, G; Yan, N, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin combination treatments were found to enhance anticancer effects, mediated by the multitargeting of several signalling pathways by curcumin and the co-administered cancer therapies."	( Is Curcumin the Answer to Future Chemotherapy Cocktail? Chuah, LH; Goh, BH; Htar, TT; Kong, WY; Lee, LH; Ngai, SC, 2021)	1.96
"Curcumin treatment also altered the gut microbial composition and improved intestinal pathology and integrity."	( Curcumin ameliorates hypertension via gut-brain communication in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Bai, J; Dai, ZM; Dong, YY; Du, MM; Kang, YM; Li, CX; Li, HB; Li, Y; Su, Q; Wang, XM; Xia, WJ; Xu, ML; Yu, XJ, 2021)	2.79
"Curcumin treatment in the dark evoked adaptive responses aimed at mitigation of oxidative stress, DNA protection, proteostasis, modulation of redox state via changing NADH level, and gasotransmitter (H"	( Modes of antibacterial action of curcumin under dark and light conditions: A toxicoproteomics approach. Droby, S; Rodov, V; Shlar, I, 2017)	1.46
"Curcumin treatment of BDL rats reduced liver injury, as verified by improvement of hepatic cell histologic alterations, and by reduction of hepatic enzymes. "	( Hepatoprotective effects of curcumin in rats after bile duct ligation via downregulation of Rac1 and NOX1. Eskandari-Nasab, E; Ghoreshi, ZA; Kabirifar, R; Karimollah, A; Moradi, A; Safari, F, 2017)	2.19
"Curcumin treatment significantly upregulated miR-143 and decreased prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. "	( Curcumin inhibits prostate cancer by targeting PGK1 in the FOXD3/miR-143 axis. Cao, H; Chen, L; Feng, Y; Liang, F; Yu, H, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin treatment decreased mammary VEGF levels significantly, which likely contributed to slower tumor formation."	( Chemopreventive efficacy of curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2-positive breast cancer. Grill, AE; Koniar, B; Panyam, J; Shahani, K, 2018)	1.5
"Curcumin treatment could considerably increase SOD (4.57 ± 0.68, 4.49 ± 0.27, and 4.56 ± 0.25 U/mg in 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg curcumin group, respectively, allP < 0.05) while significantly reduce ROS (10.64 ± 1.38, 10.73 ± 0.71, and 10.67 ± 1.38 IU/mg in 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg curcumin group, respectively, allP < 0.05) and MDA (0.28 ± 0.02, 0.25 ± 0.03, and 0.27 ± 0.04 nmol/g in 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg curcumin group, respectively; bothP < 0.05) in the ovary."	( Protective Effects of Curcumin against Sodium Arsenite-induced Ovarian Oxidative Injury in a Mouse Model. Diao, HL; Wang, XN; Zhang, CJ; Zhang, Y, 2017)	1.49
"Curcumin treatment also significantly increased the levels of caveolin-1 in VSMCs."	( Curcumin enhances vascular contractility via induction of myocardin in mouse smooth muscle cells. Chen, JX; Guo, ZF; Lei, XY; Liao, DF; Sun, SW; Tong, WJ; Tuo, QH; Zhang, CP, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin pretreatment effectively suppressed Mn-induced upregulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), total reactive oxygen species (ROS)."	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Manganese-Induced BV-2 Microglial Cell Death. Chun, HS; Park, E, 2017)	1.49
"Curcumin treatment enhanced the expression of miR-98 and reduced that of the miR-98 target gene"	( Curcumin Inhibits LIN-28A through the Activation of miRNA-98 in the Lung Cancer Cell Line A549. Chang, JM; Chen, YH; Chong, IW; Hsieh, CC; Huang, WT; Hung, YL; Kuo, HF; Liu, PL; Liu, WL, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin (Cur) treatment elicits neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemic injury, and the associated mechanisms may involve Prdx6."	( Prdx6 Upregulation by Curcumin Attenuates Ischemic Oxidative Damage via SP1 in Rats after Stroke. Jia, G; Jin, X; Li, C; Ma, J; Tan, B; Zhang, L, 2017)	1.49
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved the carbofuran-induced neurobehavioral difficulties."	( Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Carbofuran-Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats. Kuttan, R; Purushothaman, BP, 2017)	1.5
"Curcumin treatment inhibited phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) expression in SHR after retinal I/R injury."	( Curcumin protects against hypertension aggravated retinal ischemia/reperfusion in a rat stroke model. Ji, B; Tu, J; Wang, S; Ye, Q; Zhang, M, 2017)	2.62
"The curcumin pre-treatment abolished the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun but upregulated Fra-1 expression in UV-irradiated CaCxSLCs."	( Cervical cancer stem cells manifest radioresistance: Association with upregulated AP-1 activity. Bharti, AC; Das, BC; Kaur, H; Roy, BG; Srivastava, Y; Tyagi, A; Vishnoi, K, 2017)	0.94
"Curcumin treatment was demonstrated to inhibit LPS‑induced MMP‑2 activity in rat VSMCs."	( Curcumin prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase‑2 activity via the Ras/MEK1/2 signaling pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Fan, Z; Feng, J; Li, J; Zhong, Y, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin treatment in the doses of 50 and 100mg/kg prevented the deficits in recognition memory in the ORT, but not in spatial memory in the OLT and Y maze."	( Effects of curcumin on short-term spatial and recognition memory, adult neurogenesis and neuroinflammation in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of dementia of Alzheimer's type. Bassani, TB; Bonato, JM; Cóppola-Segovia, V; Moura, ELR; Oliveira, RMMW; Turnes, JM; Vital, MABF; Zanata, SM, 2017)	1.57
"Curcumin pretreatment also decreased the rate of hydrogen peroxide emission by 43 ± 13% compared to vehicle (p < 0.05)."	( Effects of curcumin and ursolic acid on the mitochondrial coupling efficiency and hydrogen peroxide emission of intact skeletal myoblasts. Hancock, CR; Harley, JS; Tueller, DJ, 2017)	1.57
"Curcumin treatment reduced the expression of p53, caspase-3, and bax/bxl-2 ratio significantly."	( A study on effect of curcumin on anticerebral aneurysm in the male albino rats. Bo, LJ; Gao, Z; Miao, Z; Wang, ZF; Zhang, KZ, 2017)	1.5
"Curcumin treatment led to time- and dose-dependent reductions in HBsAg and HBeAg expression and significant reductions in intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and HBV cccDNA. "	( Curcumin inhibits hepatitis B virus infection by down-regulating cccDNA-bound histone acetylation. Chen, HX; He, YL; Hu, P; Ke, CZ; Luo, J; Ma, DQ; Meng, ZJ; Ren, P; Wei, ZQ; Zhang, YH, 2017)	3.34
"Curcumin treatment disintegrated preformed tau filaments."	( Curcumin Inhibits Tau Aggregation and Disintegrates Preformed Tau Filaments in vitro. Bhaumik, P; Panda, D; Rane, JS, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin treatment increased the expression of the CAT, GSH‑Px, HO‑1 and norvegicus NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1, and decreased the SOD1 expression, which, led to a diminished oxidative stress status."	( Curcumin alleviates liver oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic rats. Li, X; Shen, G; Wu, B; Wu, Q; Xie, Z, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment inhibited tobacco smoke‑induced MAPK/AP‑1 activation, including ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, and AP‑1 proteins, and reversed EMT alterations in lung tissue."	( Curcumin reverses tobacco smoke‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by suppressing the MAPK pathway in the lungs of mice. Geng, S; Han, H; Li, X; Liang, Z; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Xu, W; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment inhibited cell migration and was also able to promote reverse cholesterol transport in THP-1 cells."	( Curcumin enhances LXRα in an AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent manner in human macrophages. Alba, G; Geniz, I; Jiménez, J; Reyes-Quiroz, ME; Sáenz, J; Santa-María, C; Sobrino, F, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment reduced M1-like macrophage markers or proinflammation cytokine expression in both macrophages and adipocytes."	( Dietary Curcumin Intervention Targets Mouse White Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Brown Adipose Tissue UCP1 Expression. Jin, T; Lei, H; Revelo, X; Shao, W; Song, Z; Sun, HS; Tian, L; Winer, D; Woo, M; Zeng, K, 2018)	1.64
"Curcumin treatment upregulated the PPARγ activity and expression level of HO1 which were suppressed in lung tissue of neonatal ALI rats."	( Curcumin Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Rat Model by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) Pathway. Cheng, K; Hu, X; Liu, K; Yang, A; Zhu, D, 2018)	2.64
"Nanocurcumin-treated animals showed significantly improved development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those in the other groups (p<0.05). "	( Systemic administration of curcumin nanoparticles protects ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovaries: An animal model study. Behroozi-Lak, T; Ebrahimpour, M; Farhad, N; Mohaddesi, H; Pourjabali, M; Zarei, L, 2018)	1.34
"Curcumin treatment significantly suppressed matrix metallopeptidase-9 and stimulated alpha smooth muscle levels in tumour necrosis factor alpha-treated fibroblasts via nuclear factor kappa B signalling."	( Curcumin accelerates cutaneous wound healing via multiple biological actions: The involvement of TNF-α, MMP-9, α-SMA, and collagen. Chen, YC; Chen, YL; Hsieh, JH; Huang, HF; Liang, CJ; Liu, CW; Pu, CM; Yen, YH, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment of PC12 cells was associated with increased expression of the NMDAR subunit, NR2A."	( Curcumin Treatment is Associated with Increased Expression of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) Subunit, NR2A, in a Rat PC12 Cell Line Model of Alzheimer's Disease Treated with the Acetyl Amyloid-β Peptide, Aβ(25-35). Li, H; Pan, N; Qian, W; Zhang, C, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment resulted in inhibition of PD-L1 and p-STAT3"	( Curcumin enhances anti-tumor immune response in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Hu, J; Liao, F; Liu, L; Luo, E, 2018)	3.37
"Curcumin treatment led to proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and suppressed HCC tumor growth in vivo. "	( Both glypican-3/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and autophagy contributed to the inhibitory effect of curcumin on hepatocellular carcinoma. Cheng, B; Guo, X; He, Y; Hu, P; Ke, C; Li, R; Luo, J; Luo, S; Meng, Z; Ren, P; Tong, Y; Wei, Z, 2019)	2.17
"The curcumin treatment increased expression of compact myelin proteins (MPZ and PMP22), myelin sheath thickness and, correspondingly, increased motor and sensitive nerve conduction velocity."	( Local low dose curcumin treatment improves functional recovery and remyelination in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush through inhibition of oxidative stress. Billet, F; Caillaud, M; Chantemargue, B; Desmoulière, A; Favreau, F; Faye, PA; Richard, L; Sturtz, F; Trouillas, P; Vallat, JM; Vignaud, L; Vignoles, P, 2018)	1.31
"Curcumin treatment also resulted in a decrease in anti-apoptotic proteins, p-Akt, Akt, Bcl-2 and p-Bad, and increase in pro-apoptotic proteins Bad and c-PARP levels in the control cells but not in the HSP27-KD cells."	( Heat shock protein 27 influences the anti-cancer effect of curcumin in colon cancer cells through ROS production and autophagy activation. Chang, YJ; Chou, CW; Huang, CY; Huang, MT; Liang, HH; Makondi, PT; Wei, PL, 2018)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment significantly induced spermine oxidase (SMOX) mRNA and activity, which results in the generation of hydrogen peroxide, a source of ROS."	( Curcumin mediates polyamine metabolism and sensitizes gastrointestinal cancer cells to antitumor polyamine-targeted therapies. Casero, RA; Dunworth, M; Giardiello, FM; Lui, Y; Murray-Stewart, T; Woster, PM, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment enhances the binding of Sp1 to CTR1 and Sp1 promoters, thus induces CTR1 expression and chemosensitization to cisplatin treatment."	( Curcumin enhances cisplatin sensitivity of human NSCLC cell lines through influencing Cu-Sp1-CTR1 regulatory loop. Chen, C; He, L; Liu, X; Ren, K; Shi, H; Xu, Y; Zhang, W, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin treatment promoted the proliferative ability of ESCs and conditioned medium from curcumin-treated ESCs enhanced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation."	( Curcumin promotes burn wound healing in mice by upregulating caveolin-1 in epidermal stem cells. Chen, X; Lin, Y; Lin, Z; Qi, S; Ruan, S; Wang, J; Xie, J; Xin, Q; Yang, R; Zhou, Z, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin treatment decreased the ROS level in BALF and nitrite level in blood serum of chronic asthmatic mice. "	( Intranasal curcumin regulates chronic asthma in mice by modulating NF-ĸB activation and MAPK signaling. Chauhan, PS; Dash, D; Singh, DK; Singh, R, 2018)	2.31
"Curcumin treatment for aged rats significantly increased GSH level compared to the aged control group (p < 0.05)."	( The protective role of melatonin and curcumin in the testis of young and aged rats. Akarca Dizakar, OS; Akbulut, KG; Keskin Aktan, A; Muratoğlu, S; Ömeroğlu, S, 2019)	1.51
"Curcumin and rapamycin treatment inhibited the increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in CIA rats."	( Curcumin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis-induced inflammation and synovial hyperplasia by targeting mTOR pathway in rats. Dai, Q; Song, X; Xu, L; Zhou, D, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin and capsaicin treatment attenuated testicular and hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced the antioxidant defense system."	( Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant-antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet. Başaran-Küçükgergin, C; Beyhan-Özdaş, Ş; Doğru-Abbasoğlu, S; Koçak, H; Öner-İyidoğan, Y; Seyithanoğlu, M; Tanrıkulu-Küçük, S, 2019)	1.57
"Curcumin co-treatment prevented Cu-induced anxiety and reversed 5-HT alterations."	( Obvious anxiogenic-like effects of subchronic copper intoxication in rats, outcomes on spatial learning and memory and neuromodulatory potential of curcumin. Abbaoui, A; Gamrani, H, 2019)	1.43
"Curcumin-treated macrophages have been shown to be highly efficient at antigen capture and endocytosis via the mannose receptor."	( Macrophage plasticity, polarization and function in response to curcumin, a diet-derived polyphenol, as an immunomodulatory agent. Banach, M; Barreto, GE; Blesso, CN; Majeed, M; Mohammadi, A; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.47
"Curcumin treatment dramatically decreased proteinuria and renal inflammation."	( Curcumin attenuates murine lupus via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. Li, M; Tan, H; Wang, J; Zhao, J; Zhou, M, 2019)	2.68
"Curcumin pretreatment had significantly lower level of malondialdehydes and higher level of superoxide dismutase in the lung tissues (p<0.05) than the I/R group. "	( Effect of curcumin on lung injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Takhtfooladi, HA; Takhtfooladi, MA, 2019)	2.36
"Curcumin pretreatment can reduce the level of CD11b and increase the level of CD19 in peripheral blood of rats with dry heat stroke in the early and middle stages, which may enhance the heat resistance and prevent the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction by increasing the body immunity, and this effect has nothing to do with the dose of curcumin."	( [Effect of curcumin on expressions of CD11b and CD19 in peripheral blood of heat stroke rats in a simulation dry-heat environment]. Jiang, J; Li, J; Liu, J; Ma, N; Shi, W; Tao, L; Wang, Z; Yang, L, 2019)	2.35
"Curcumin treatment in vivo and in vitro was shown to upregulate CISD2 expression; attenuate inflammatory response in neural cells."	( Protective Effects of CISD2 and Influence of Curcumin on CISD2 Expression in Aged Animals and Inflammatory Cell Model. Chiang, TH; Lin, CC; Lin, MS; Sun, YY, 2019)	1.49
"Curcumin treatment limited neuronal loss to 3% in the phenobarbital + curcumin group and 10% in the valproic acid + curcumin group."	( Stereological examination of curcumin's effects on hippocampal damage caused by the anti-epileptic drugs phenobarbital and valproic acid in the developing rat brain. Başardı Gökçe, A; Demirel Yılmaz, B; Eren, B; Eren, Z; Sağır, D, 2019)	1.53
"Curcumin treatment or GR mildly inhibited Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE1)."	( Curcumin Treatment in Combination with Glucose Restriction Inhibits Intracellular Alkalinization and Tumor Growth in Hepatoma Cells. Cha, MJ; Jin, X; Kim, SW; Lee, JD; Lee, JM; Lee, SK; Park, JH; Song, BW, 2019)	2.68
"All curcumin-treated groups exhibited increased activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)."	( Curcumin attenuates oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and activating the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. Bai, D; Deng, H; Huang, X; Huang, Y; Lin, X; Wei, Z; Zhang, Y, 2019)	2.44
"Curcumin treatment suppressed breast cancer cells viabilities and the activation of TLR4-mediated TRIF signaling pathway by the downregulation of TLR4 and IRF3 expression levels and the inhibition of type I IFN (IFN-α/β) levels induced by LPS. "	( Inhibition of TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 Signaling Pathway by Curcumin in Breast Cancer Cells. Bilir, C; Deveci Özkan, A; Güney Eskiler, G; Kaleli, S, 2019)	2.21
"Curcumin treatment appeared to be effective in reducing liver triglycerides and serum fetuin-A levels."	( Curcumin prevents liver fat accumulation and serum fetuin-A increase in rats fed a high-fat diet. Çevik, A; Gülçubuk, A; Gürdöl, F; Koçak, H; Öner-İyidoğan, Y; Seyidhanoğlu, M; Uysal, M; Yildirim, F, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin pretreatment provided a hepatoprotective effect in rat models of chemically-induced hepatotoxicities and ischemia/reperfusion injuries."	( Curcumin improves the survival rate after a massive hepatectomy in rats. Eguchi, S; Hamasaki, K; Hidaka, M; Inokuma, T; Kanematsu, T; Miyazaki, K; Takatsuki, M; Tomonaga, T; Yamanouchi, K, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment significantly resulted in reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and downregulation of cellular matriptase, a membrane-anchored serine protease with oncogenic roles in tumor formation and invasion."	( Curcumin-targeting pericellular serine protease matriptase role in suppression of prostate cancer cell invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis. Chen, WC; Cheng, TS; Hsiao, PW; Huang, CY; Ko, CJ; Lee, MS; Liao, CI; Lin, YY; Shyu, HY; Tsai, CH; Tzeng, SF; Yang, PC, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved animal survival and reduced the pathologic injuries in the intestines."	( Localized leptin release may be an important mechanism of curcumin action after acute ischemic injuries. Deng, ZH; Hao, XH; Liang, C; Liao, J; Wang, LH; Xue, H; Yan, GT; Zhang, JY; Zhang, K, 2013)	1.36
"Curcumin treatment alone for 6 h had no effect on ARPE-19 cell viability. "	( Global microRNA expression profiling: curcumin (diferuloylmethane) alters oxidative stress-responsive microRNAs in human ARPE-19 cells. Caroti, CM; Chun, E; Farrell, AN; Haque, R; Howell, JC; Hur, EY; Iuvone, PM, 2013)	2.1
"Curcumin treatment was associated with amelioration of macroscopic and microscopic colitis sores, decreased MPO activity, and decreased MDA levels in acetic acid-induced colitis."	( Effects of curcumin on apoptosis and oxidoinflammatory regulation in a rat model of acetic acid-induced colitis: the roles of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Akpolat, M; Cerkezkayabekir, A; Kizilay, G; Omurlu, IK; Sapmaz-Metin, M; Topcu-Tarladacalisir, Y; Uz, YH, 2013)	1.5
"The curcumin liposome treatment can significantly inhibit tumour growth in vivo."	( [Liposomal curcumin inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in Lewis lung cancer]. Shi, HS; Wang, LQ; Wang, YS, 2013)	1.34
"Curcumin treatment significantly and dose-dependently restored all these behavioral, biochemical, mitochondrial, molecular and histopathological alterations associated with OBX induced depression."	( Suppression of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic signaling cascade by curcumin alone and in combination with piperine in rat model of olfactory bulbectomy induced depression. Garg, S; Kumar, A; Rinwa, P, 2013)	1.35
"Curcumin treatment significantly blocked the UVB-induced activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein (AP)-1."	( Curcumin inhibits UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1/3 expression by suppressing the MAPK-p38/JNK pathways in human dermal fibroblasts. Hwang, BM; Hwang, JK; Kim, JM; Kim, JS; Kwon, KB; Lee, YR; Noh, EM; You, YO, 2013)	2.55
"Upon curcumin treatment, AKT activation was substantially suppressed, with subsequent reduction of activities of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream molecules S6 kinase-1 (S6K1) and elF4E-binding protein-1 (4E-BP1), but constitutive activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) was clearly enhanced."	( Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity of curcumin against human gallbladder adenocarcinoma cells. Chen, C; Higuchi, T; Nakano, S; Ono, M; Takeshima, M, 2013)	1.09
"Curcumin treatment induced the leakage of SRB from these liposomes and the addition of the influenza virus reduced the leakage, indicating that curcumin disrupts the integrity of the membranes of viral envelopes and of liposomes."	( Inhibition of enveloped viruses infectivity by curcumin. Chen, DY; Chen, JM; Chen, TY; Chiou, SS; Hsu, WL; Ou, JL; Wen, HW; Wong, ML, 2013)	1.37
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced the symptoms (sneezing, rubbing frequencies, lacrimation and nasal congestion) and improved the histopathological alterations (reduction in inflammatory cells infiltration) of nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis."	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs. Naik, SR; Osama, MM; Thakare, VN, 2013)	1.41
"Free curcumin and CUR-NP treatment significantly attenuated these arsenic-mediated effects."	( Immunomodulatory effects of nanocurcumin in arsenic-exposed rats. Kalaivanan, R; Kannan, K; Kesavan, M; Sankar, P; Sarkar, SN; Suresh, S; Telang, AG, 2013)	1.13
"Curcumin treatment neither has any effect on body weight gain nor have any effects on mitochondrial NO synthesis."	( Curcumin decreases oxidative stress in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Campos-Cervantes, A; Franco-Robles, E; Martínez-Morúa, A; Pérez-Vázquez, V; Ramírez-Emiliano, J; Soto-Urquieta, MG; Zúñiga-Trujillo, I, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin-treated acute GVHD animals could have a change in B cell subpopulations."	( Curcumin attenuates acute graft-versus-host disease severity via in vivo regulations on Th1, Th17 and regulatory T cells. Cho, ML; Cho, SG; Kim, HY; Lee, SH; Min, JK; Moon, SJ; Park, MJ; Park, SH; Yang, CW; Yang, EJ, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment had no effect on HCV RNA replication or viral assembly/release. "	( Turmeric curcumin inhibits entry of all hepatitis C virus genotypes into human liver cells. Bankwitz, D; Behrendt, P; Brown, RJ; Colpitts, CC; Frentzen, A; Meuleman, P; Ott, M; Pfaender, S; Pietschmann, T; Ploss, A; Rachmawati, H; Rice, CM; Schang, LM; Steinmann, E; Steinmann, J, 2014)	2.26
"Curcumin treatment also induced strong deactivation of the left primary auditory cortex and activation of amygdalohippocampal cortex."	( Effects of curcumin on glucose metabolism in the brains of rats subjected to chronic unpredictable stress: a 18 F-FDG micro-PET study. Bao, A; Hu, H; Li, J; Lin, Z; Lu, J; Lu, Y; Shi, L; Tang, W; Xu, L; Zuo, C, 2013)	1.5
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved the neurological status evaluated during 2 weeks after brain injury."	( Curcumin pretreatment attenuates brain lesion size and improves neurological function following traumatic brain injury in the rat. bakaian, M; Borji, A; Mohammadi, G; Samarghandian, S; Samini, F, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin pretreatment can attenuate seizures, lower some oxidative stress markers, and prevent hippocampal neuronal loss and MFS in the kainate-induced model of TLE."	( Antiepileptogenic effect of curcumin on kainate-induced model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Baluchnejadmojarad, T; Khalili, M; Kiasalari, Z; Rahmati, B; Roghani, M, 2013)	2.13
"Curcumin treatments of mice groups including the 5 days pre-irradiation treated group (protected), the 5 days post-irradiation treated group (treated), and the curcumin treated group 5 days pre- and post-irradiation (protracted), have attenuated the liver toxic effects of γ-rays as manifested by reducing the levels of TBARS, HP, XO and DNA fragmentation."	( Curcumin protection activities against γ-rays-induced molecular and biochemical lesions. Abouelella, AM; Shahein, YE; Tawfik, SS, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment prevented GLI1 translocating into the cell nucleus and reduced the concentration of its reporter."	( Curcumin suppresses malignant glioma cells growth and induces apoptosis by inhibition of SHH/GLI1 signaling pathway in vitro and vivo. Chen, LC; Cui, YQ; Du, WZ; Feng, Y; Jiang, CL; Jiang, T; Lei, XH; Li, XF; Li, YL; Liu, X; Piao, XY; Sun, X; Sun, Y; Wang, HB; Wang, XF; Yang, DB; Zhao, ZF, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment produced a dose-dependent and significant (P < 0.05) suppression of microRNA-21 expression, compared to untreated A549 cells."	( MiR-21 suppresses the anticancer activities of curcumin by targeting PTEN gene in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Bai, W; Zhang, W, 2014)	1.38
"Curcumin pretreatment ameliorated lung function impairment and alveolar vascular protein leak and attenuated lung inflammation."	( Curcumin attenuates renal ischemia and reperfusion injury-induced restrictive respiratory insufficiency. Wang, D; Wang, JC; Wang, JJ; Yang, YC; Yeh, JH, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin pretreatment ameliorated ESPVR and attenuated injuries of both the heart and kidney resulting from I/R insult."	( Curcumin treatment protects against renal ischemia and reperfusion injury-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury. Chen, TH; Wang, JC; Wang, JJ; Yang, YC, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin pretreatment improved cardiac contractility and attenuated myocardial and renal injury through reducing inflammatory response in the kidney and heart and oxidative stress in the myocardium."	( Curcumin treatment protects against renal ischemia and reperfusion injury-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury. Chen, TH; Wang, JC; Wang, JJ; Yang, YC, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin treatment greatly reduced the astrogliosis in SCI mice and significantly decreased the expression of IL-1β and NO, as well as the number of Iba1(+) inflammatory cells at the lesion site."	( Curcumin promotes the spinal cord repair via inhibition of glial scar formation and inflammation. Chen, C; Li, J; Wang, YF; Xi, CY; Yan, JL; Zu, JN, 2014)	2.57
"In curcumin-treated mice, the hearts on E11.5 were smaller with thinner ventricular wall and a delayed development of trabeculae and ventricular septum compared with the controls."	( Curcumin-mediated cardiac defects in mouse is associated with a reduced histone H3 acetylation and reduced expression of cardiac transcription factors. Huang, X; Lu, T; Sun, H; Tian, J; Zhu, J, 2014)	2.36
"Curcumin treatment greatly decreased the levels of c-Jun, c-Fos, SphK1, and FN in the kidney tissues of diabetic rats."	( AP-1 regulates sphingosine kinase 1 expression in a positive feedback manner in glomerular mesangial cells exposed to high glucose. Chen, C; Hao, J; Huang, H; Huang, J; Huang, K; Liu, P; Wang, S, 2014)	1.12
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced the growth of the flank tumors."	( Curcumin intake affects miRNA signature in murine melanoma with mmu-miR-205-5p most significantly altered. Backes, C; Dahmke, IN; Laschke, MW; Leidinger, P; Mahlknecht, U; Meese, E; Menger, MD; Rudzitis-Auth, J, 2013)	2.55
"The curcumin treatment significantly prevented the ischemia-reperfusion-induced elevation of nitrite/nitrate and TNF-α."	( Effects of curcumin on acute spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits. Laboratory investigation. Celtikci, E; Cemil, B; Kaplanoglu, GT; Kurt, G; Yildirim, Z, 2014)	1.27
"Curcumin treatment attenuates the increase of labile Zn and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the injured spinal cord, and this may be a mechanism whereby curcumin improves the outcome after SCI."	( Curcumin inhibits the increase of labile zinc and the expression of inflammatory cytokines after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Jiang, J; Jin, W; Liang, W; Ma, Z; Ni, H; Wang, J; Yuan, B; Zhu, T, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin treatment attenuated hearing loss induced by cisplatin, increased OHC survival, decreased 4-HNE expression, and increased HO-1 expression."	( Curcuma longa (curcumin) decreases in vivo cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through heme oxygenase-1 induction. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Podda, MV; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2014)	2.2
"Curcumin treatment led to significant delay of disease onset, and in some instances prevented autoimmune diabetes by inhibiting pancreatic leucocyte infiltration and preserving insulin-expressing cells."	( Curcumin ameliorates autoimmune diabetes. Evidence in accelerated murine models of type 1 diabetes. Antunica Noguerol, M; Barcala Tabarrozzi, AE; Castro, CN; Dewey, RA; Gimeno, ML; Liberman, AC; Paz, DA; Perone, MJ; Winnewisser, J, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin pretreatment improved the airway inflammatory cells infiltration and reversed the increasing levels of Notch1/2 receptors and GATA3."	( Protective effect of curcumin on acute airway inflammation of allergic asthma in mice through Notch1-GATA3 signaling pathway. Chong, L; Li, C; Lin, L; Liu, L; Nie, Y; Wen, S; Yu, G; Zhang, W; Zhu, L, 2014)	1.44
"Curcumin pretreatment improves the impaired spatial working memory in global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines."	( [Curcumin improves the impaired working memory in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines]. Cao, H; Han, Y; Ji, B; Li, J; Lian, Q; Liu, Q; Liu, X; Yang, F; Zhou, R, 2014)	2.76
"Curcumin treatment resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of proliferation in the medulloblastoma cell line."	( Curcumin suppresses cell proliferation through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in medulloblastoma. Bian, X; Chen, L; He, M; Li, L; Li, Y; Lin, L; Ng, HK; Shen, Y; Tang, L; Zhang, L; Zheng, W, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin treatment down-regulated the expression of hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-574-3p and hsa-miR-210 as determined by miRNA microarray analysis and qPCR (real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR)."	( Curcumin exerts inhibitory effects on undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting the expression of miR-125a-5p. Chan, JY; Gao, W; Wong, TS, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin treatment resulted in activation of antioxidant enzyme super oxide dismutase and down regulation of ROS level as well as activity of ROS producing enzyme NADPH:oxidase, expression of stress activated genes HIF-1α, cMyc and LDH activity towards normal level."	( Long term effect of curcumin in regulation of glycolytic pathway and angiogenesis via modulation of stress activated genes in prevention of cancer. Das, L; Vinayak, M, 2014)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment inhibited IGF-1-induced phosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, Akt, S6K, and 4EBP1 in the mouse keratinocyte cell line, C50 in a dose-dependent manner."	( Chemopreventive effects of curcumin on chemically induced mouse skin carcinogenesis in BK5.insulin-like growth factor-1 transgenic mice. Bu, SY; Kim, E; Kim, H; Park, J; Tak, KH, 2014)	1.42
"Curcumin treatment further reduced the blood glucose level (near normal); and accelerated the organ regeneration, enhanced VEGF/PECAM expression and decreased caspase expression level in the organs."	( Synergy of bone marrow transplantation and curcumin ensue protective effects at early onset of diabetes in mice. Ambasta, RK; Arivazhagan, A; Krishna, S; Kumar, P; Shah, HR; Yadav, S, 2015)	1.4
"Curcumin treatment reduced oxidative stress in animals by scavenging reactive oxygen species, protecting the anti-oxidant enzymes from being denatured and reducing the oxidative stress marker lipid peroxidation. "	( Effects of curcumin on angiotensin-converting enzyme gene expression, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Fatima, SN; Fazal, Y; Mahboob, T; Shahid, SM, 2015)	2.25
"Curcumin treatment causes a rapid increase in reactive oxygen species and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential-events leading to apoptosis activation."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells via inhibition of AKT and Foxo3a nuclear translocation. Caruana, L; Di Carlo, M; Messina, E; Nuzzo, D; Picone, P; Scafidi, V, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin treatment reduced hepatic lipids and oxidative stress parameters, and HO-1 expression was significantly increased."	( Effect of curcumin on hepatic heme oxygenase 1 expression in high fat diet fed rats: is there a triangular relationship? Aydin, AF; Beyhan-Özdaş, Ş; Doğru-Abbasoğlu, S; Koçak, H; Koçak-Toker, N; Öner-İyidoğan, Y; Seyithanoğlu, M; Tanrıkulu-Küçük, S; Yapişlar, H, 2014)	1.53
"Curcumin treatment also altered the expressions of apoptosis associated proteins NF-κB, p38 and p53."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and caspases activation in human melanoma cells. Jiang, AJ; Jiang, G; Li, LT; Zheng, JN, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment decreased the accumulation of type I collagen and FN in the kidney of animals with UUO."	( Curcumin ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting local fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Wang, W; Xu, C; Zhang, J; Zhou, X, 2014)	2.57
"Curcumin treatment dramatically ameliorated metabolic parameters, renal function, morphological parameters in diabetic rats. "	( Curcumin ameliorates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of podocytes in vivo and in vitro via regulating caveolin-1. Chen, ZX; Guan, GJ; Liu, G; Liu, HY; Liu, XC; Sun, LN, 2014)	3.29
"Curcumin treatment partially reversed DENA-induced damage as it reduced the overexpression of the angiogenic and anti-apoptotic factors TGF-β and Akt and improved caspase-3 expression."	( Curcumin ameliorate DENA-induced HCC via modulating TGF-β, AKT, and caspase-3 expression in experimental rat model. Abd El-Aziz, EA; Abd El-Aziz, HO; Abd El-Ghany, AA; Abdel Aziz, MA; Abouzied, MM; Ahmed, NS; Eltahir, HM, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment exerted a significant anti-inflammatory effect in H."	( Curcumin inhibits gastric inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. Benejat, L; Chaves, P; Floch, P; Gato, IV; Guerreiro, AS; Lopes, T; Machado, J; Oleastro, M; Pereira, T; Santos, AM; Seixas, E, 2015)	2.58
"Curcuminoid treatment increased nitric oxide (NO) levels in platelets treated with agonists."	( Anti-platelet activity of water dispersible curcuminoids in rat platelets. Maheswaraiah, A; Naidu, KA; Rao, LJ, 2015)	1.4
"Curcumin treatment increased endogenous PIAS3 expression and decreased cell growth and viability in Calu-1 cells, a model of SCC."	( PIAS3 expression in squamous cell lung cancer is low and predicts overall survival. Abbas, R; Chen, Y; Dowlati, A; Fu, P; Kresak, A; McColl, KS; Wildey, G; Yang, M, 2015)	1.14
"Curcumin treatment (72 h; 20 μM) significantly decreased the expression of COL I, α-SMA and CCR7, as well as TGF-βl secretion, in human circulating fibrocytes. "	( Curcumin treatment suppresses CCR7 expression and the differentiation and migration of human circulating fibrocytes. Fu, XY; Li, Y; Li, YD; Niu, JZ; Tang, YQ; Zhang, DW; Zhao, PW, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin treatment exerted anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative effects by up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and Sirt1 expression."	( Protective effects of curcumin on acute gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Chen, X; He, L; Liu, F; Liu, G; Liu, H; Peng, X; Peng, Y; Tang, C; Zhu, J, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced immunoglobulin E production, attenuated inflammatory cell accumulation and goblet cell hyperplasia, and ameliorated mucus secretion and airway hyperresponsiveness."	( Curcumin ameliorates asthmatic airway inflammation by activating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2/haem oxygenase (HO)-1 signalling pathway. Han, X; Li, M; Liu, L; Shang, Y; Wang, J, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment also led to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol."	( Curcumin triggers apoptosis via upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase activation in SW872 human adipocytes. Dai, L; Gao, Y; Han, MB; Na, LX; Wang, H; Wen, Y; Zhu, L, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment in the hippocampus or SH-SY5Y cells inhibited IRE1α and PERK phosphorylation with suppression of intracellular ROS production."	( Curcumin attenuates glutamate neurotoxicity in the hippocampus by suppression of ER stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a manner dependent on AMPK. Fu, Q; Li, J; Li, S; Li, Y; Liu, B; Ma, S; Wang, X, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment at the concentrations of 5 µM and 10 M could significantly reduce the clonogenic activity and enhance the radiosensitivity of U87 cells with sensitive enhancement ratios (SERs) of 1.71 and 4.65, respectively."	( Curcumin enhances the radiosensitivity of U87 cells by inducing DUSP-2 up-regulation. Cao, B; Ding, X; Guo, X; Huang, J; Ma, J; Qian, Y; Shao, JF; Sun, J; Yu, Y; Zhang, L, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin pretreatment reduced the amount of protein carbonylation as well as formation of γH2Ax foci."	( Curcumin mitigates accelerated aging after irradiation in Drosophila by reducing oxidative stress. Jin, YW; Lee, KS; Min, KJ; Park, S; Seong, KM; Yu, M, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin pre-treatment also abrogated the gp120-mediated upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-6, which mediate barrier disruption, as well as the chemokines IL-8, RANTES and interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), which are capable of recruiting HIV target cells to the FGT."	( The anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin protects the genital mucosal epithelial barrier from disruption and blocks replication of HIV-1 and HSV-2. Dizzell, SE; Ferreira, VH; Kaushic, C; Mueller, K; Nazli, A, 2015)	1.42
"Curcumin-treated CCA cells exhibited reduced viability compared with control treatment. "	( Curcumin-mediated regulation of Notch1/hairy and enhancer of split-1/survivin: molecular targeting in cholangiocarcinoma. Gamblin, TC; Koprowski, S; Kunnimalaiyaan, M; Kunnimalaiyaan, S; Sokolowski, K, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin treatment also strongly inhibited p-AKT and Bcl-2 and overexpression of constitutively active AKT or Bcl-2 significantly inhibited curcumin-induced apoptosis."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis of upper aerodigestive tract cancer cells by targeting multiple pathways. Amin, AR; Chen, ZG; Haque, A; Khuri, FR; Rahman, MA; Shin, DM, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment completely abrogated the expression of IL-1β-induced IL-6 in these cells."	( Inhibition of IL-6 signaling pathway by curcumin in uterine decidual cells. DeKuiper, J; Devi, YS; DeVine, M; Fazleabas, AT; Ferguson, S, 2015)	1.41
"Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated ROS formation, inhibited the decreases of SOD activity and GSH level."	( Curcumin attenuates quinocetone-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human hepatocyte L02 cells. Dai, C; Li, D; Tang, S; Xiao, X; Zhao, K, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin and quercetin treatments to mice were able to decrease significantly the levels of LPO, ROS, as well as activities of SOD, GST."	( Protective effects of curcumin and quercetin during benzo(a)pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in mice. Liu, Y; Wu, YM; Zhang, PY, 2015)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment also decreased AKT phosphorylation and VEGF expression and release."	( Curcumin inhibits in vitro and in vivo chronic myelogenous leukemia cells growth: a possible role for exosomal disposal of miR-21. Alessandro, R; De Leo, G; Flugy, A; Giallombardo, M; Manno, M; Pucci, M; Raccosta, S; Rolfo, C; Taverna, S, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment effectively attenuated TS-triggered activation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, AP-1 proteins and EMT alterations in bladder tissue."	( Inhibition of tobacco smoke-induced bladder MAPK activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mice by curcumin. Geng, H; Geng, S; Han, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Zhao, L; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2015)	1.35
"Curcumin pretreatment was also able to maintain near control levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and inositol triphosphate."	( Curcumin pretreatment mediates antidiabetogenesis via functional regulation of adrenergic receptor subtypes in the pancreas of multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Anju, TR; Jayanarayanan, S; Naijil, G; Paulose, CS, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin‑treatment of A549 cells induced a loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased cytosolic cytochrome c."	( Curcumin induces the apoptosis of A549 cells via oxidative stress and MAPK signaling pathways. Chen, L; Fu, T; Guo, Y; Hu, J; Lai, Y; Lin, M; Lin, S; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Yao, Q, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment inhibited palmitate-induced apoptosis, relieved mitochondrial depolarization and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio."	( Curcumin attenuates palmitate-induced apoptosis in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells through PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and mitochondrial survival pathways. An, Y; Cao, Y; Fan, S; Hao, F; Kang, J; Li, X; Pan, Y; Tie, L; Yang, H, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment effectively increased the relative miR‑192-5p expression and suppressed the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway."	( Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of human non-small cell lung cancer cells through the upregulation of miR-192-5p and suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Jin, H; Qiao, F; Shang, Y; Wang, Y; Xu, Y, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment exhibited accelerated healing such that the gross appearance of the ulcer demonstrated a recognizable difference in wound healing between the curcumin-treated and control groups with time. "	( Enhanced mucosal healing with curcumin in animal oral ulcer model. Cho, CG; Kim, WK; Kwon, SK; Lim, YS; Park, JH; Park, SW, 2016)	2.17
"Curcumin treatment prevented all the above-described alterations."	( Curcumin prevents cisplatin-induced decrease in the tight and adherens junctions: relation to oxidative stress. Barrera-Oviedo, D; Loredo, ML; Medina-Campos, ON; Molina-Jijón, E; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Pinzón, E; Reyes, JL; Rodríguez-Muñoz, R; Rodríguez-Rangel, DS; Trujillo, J, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 and H460 cells, was found to decrease Axl protein as well as mRNA levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner."	( Curcumin-induced downregulation of Axl receptor tyrosine kinase inhibits cell proliferation and circumvents chemoresistance in non-small lung cancer cells. Baek, SH; Kim, KC; Lee, C, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment reduced the number of heterolysosomes and shifted their subcellular localization to the periphery, as revealed by electron microscopy, and stimulated the release of lysosomal β-hexosaminidase and exosome markers flotillin-2 and CD63 into the media. "	( Curcumin Mitigates the Intracellular Lipid Deposit Induced by Antipsychotics In Vitro. Busto, R; Canfrán-Duque, A; Cruz-Jentoft, AJ; Lasunción, MA; Lerma, M; Pastor, O; Reina, M, 2015)	3.3
"Curcumin treatment was given for three successive menstrual cycles and each cycle ran 10 days."	( Effect of curcumin on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in women with premenstrual syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Fanaei, H; Javadimehr, M; Kasaeian, A; Khayat, S, 2016)	1.56
"Curcumin treatment significantly reverted histopathological deviations in the lung tissues due to benzo[a]pyrene ingestion."	( Curcumin inhibits B[a]PDE-induced procarcinogenic signals in lung cancer cells, and curbs B[a]P-induced mutagenesis and lung carcinogenesis. Anto, RJ; Antony, J; Anwar, S; Bava, SV; Puliyappadamba, VT; Sundaram, S; Thulasidasan, AK; Vijayakurup, V, )	2.3
"Curcumin treatment also inhibited the in vivo tumor growth of A549 cells and adiponectin expression."	( Curcumin Inhibits Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Metastasis through the Adiponectin/NF-κb/MMPs Signaling Pathway. Chen, YH; Cheng, YJ; Chong, IW; Chou, SH; Hwang, JJ; Liu, PL; Tsai, JR, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment was found to significantly lower elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, and to raise reduced glutathione levels in intestinal tissues samples. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Intestinal Damage in Cholestatic Rats. Kanter, B; Kanter, M; Kostek, O; Mutlu, HH; Takir, M; Toprak, AE, 2016)	2.19
"Curcumin treatment has a protective effect against intestinal damage induced by BDL. "	( Protective Effects of Curcumin on Intestinal Damage in Cholestatic Rats. Kanter, B; Kanter, M; Kostek, O; Mutlu, HH; Takir, M; Toprak, AE, 2016)	2.19
"Curcumin and capsaicin treatments significantly reduced hepatic fat accumulation and leptin levels; liver fetuin-A expression was decreased significantly by the curcumin treatment."	( The effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on hepatic fetuin-A expression and fat accumulation in rats fed on a high-fat diet. Beyhan-Özdaş, Ş; Doğru-Abbasoğlu, S; Koçak, H; Koçak-Toker, N; Öner-İyidoğan, Y; Seyithanoğlu, M; Tanrıkulu-Küçük, S, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin treatment attenuated the insulin resistance by decreasing IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and increasing IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle of high fructose fed rats."	( Curcumin prevents inflammatory response, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high fructose fed male Wistar rats: Potential role of serine kinases. Maithilikarpagaselvi, N; Sridhar, MG; Swaminathan, RP; Zachariah, B, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin-treated FLS had higher restoration of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, as indicated by the prominent metabolic restoration of intermediates of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, compared with that observed in TNF-α-stimulated FLS."	( Metabolomic Elucidation of the Effects of Curcumin on Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ahn, JK; Cha, HS; Hwang, J; Kim, J; Kim, KH; Kim, S; Koh, EM; Lee, YS, 2015)	1.4
"Curcumin treatment improved behavioral recovery within the first week following SCI as evidenced by improved Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) test and plantar scores, representing locomotor and sensory performance, respectively."	( The Anti-Inflammatory Compound Curcumin Enhances Locomotor and Sensory Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats by Immunomodulation. Dubisova, J; Jendelova, P; Jhanwar-Uniyal, M; Karova, K; Kloudova, A; Kubinova, S; Machova Urdzikova, L; Murali, R; Ruzicka, J; Shannon, C; Sykova, E, 2015)	1.42
"Curcumin treatment prevented tissue damage and cell death in the reserpine-treated rats and effectively decreased inflammatory response and balanced the expression of VIP and gastrin in the reserpine-treated rats."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Reserpine-Induced Gastrointestinal Mucosal Lesions Through Inhibiting IκB-α/NF-κB Pathway and Regulating Expression of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Gastrin in Rats. Chen, N; Deng, Y; Long, L; Luo, C; Shi, L; Wang, J; Xu, Y; Zheng, S, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin treatment could suppress the expression of MMP-9 in the tibia of GIOP mice."	( Curcumin improves bone microarchitecture in glucocorticoid-induced secondary osteoporosis mice through the activation of microRNA-365 via regulating MMP-9. Bu, J; Li, G; Liang, Z; Xiao, X; Zhang, R; Zhu, Y, 2015)	2.58
"Curcumin treatment did not reduce seizure frequency or lead to a decrease in body weight."	( Effects of rapamycin and curcumin treatment on the development of epilepsy after electrically induced status epilepticus in rats. Aronica, E; Borm, LE; Drion, CM; Gorter, JA; Hartog, AF; Kooijman, L; van Vliet, EA; Wadman, WJ, 2016)	1.46
"Oral curcumin treatment had no effect on chronic seizures, possibly because it did not reach the brain at adequate levels."	( Effects of rapamycin and curcumin treatment on the development of epilepsy after electrically induced status epilepticus in rats. Aronica, E; Borm, LE; Drion, CM; Gorter, JA; Hartog, AF; Kooijman, L; van Vliet, EA; Wadman, WJ, 2016)	1.19
"Curcumin treatment preserves neuronal viability against inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury."	( Curcumin Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Ultrastructural Damage Induced by Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Aksoy, N; Cemil, B; Erdogan, B; Gokce, A; Gokce, EC; Kahveci, R; Kisa, U; Sargon, MF, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin treatment reduced the TGF-β1 and fibronectin activation and the inhibiting effect of diabetes on Wnt5a/β-catenin expression in renal glomeruli."	( Curcumin Rescues Diabetic Renal Fibrosis by Targeting Superoxide-Mediated Wnt Signaling Pathways. Ho, C; Hsu, YC; Lei, CC; Lin, CL; Mau, SC; Shih, YH, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin pre-treatment followed by paraquat exposure rescued cell viability and increased MMP and mitochondrial respiration in control cells, and significantly decreased apoptosis and increased MMP and maximal respiration in PINK1 siRNA cells."	( Curcumin Rescues a PINK1 Knock Down SH-SY5Y Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Death. Bardien, S; Engelbrecht, L; Kinnear, C; Loos, B; van der Merwe, C; van der Westhuizen, FH; van Dyk, HC, 2017)	2.62
"In curcumin treated mice, the blood pressure significantly reduced compared to their respective controls."	( The therapeutic effect of curcumin in male albino rats and its putative mechanisms on cerebral microvascular flow. Han, ZM; Wang, H; Xia, J; Zhang, QM; Zheng, Z, 2016)	1.25
"Upon curcumin treatment, the percentage of flagellated bacteria declined from ∼84% to 59%."	( Curcumin Reduces the Motility of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium by Binding to the Flagella, Thereby Leading to Flagellar Fragility and Shedding. Balakrishnan, A; Chakravortty, D; Chandra, N; Marathe, SA; Negi, VD; Sakorey, D, 2016)	2.33
"Curcumin oral treatment for 30days reduced oxidative stress in the CNS areas as well as the behavior alterations resulting from ovariectomy."	( Oral administration of curcumin relieves behavioral alterations and oxidative stress in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of ovariectomized Wistar rats. Behr, GA; Bittencourt, L; Bortolin, RC; Da Silva Morrone, M; Gasparotto, J; Gelain, DP; Moreira, JC; Moresco, KS; Schnorr, CE; Zanotto-Filho, A, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin treatment reduced Ang II-induced hypertension in C57Bl/6J mice, which was accompanied by lower AT1R expression in the arteries and decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction in the mesenteric artery."	( Curcumin Exerts its Anti-hypertensive Effect by Down-regulating the AT1 Receptor in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Chen, C; Li, M; Ren, H; Wang, J; Wang, W; Wang, WE; Yang, J; Yao, Y; Zeng, C, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin pretreatment decreased the levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines while increased IL-10 expression in MPP(+)-stimulated astrocytes."	( Curcumin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-stimulated mesencephalic astrocytes by interference with TLR4 and downstream signaling pathway. Gao, S; He, X; Ren, L; Shi, Y; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Yu, S, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin treatment inhibited adipose tissue ER stress by dephosphorylation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and reduced cAMP accumulation by preserving phosphodiesterase 3B induction."	( Curcumin inhibits lipolysis via suppression of ER stress in adipose tissue and prevents hepatic insulin resistance. Huang, F; Liu, B; Wang, L; Xie, Y; Zhang, B, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin pre-treatment protected against hypoxia-induced cardiac myocytes apoptosis through the up-regulation of miR-7a/b and the down-regulation of SP1 expression."	( Curcumin protects cardiac myocyte against hypoxia-induced apoptosis through upregulating miR-7a/b expression. Cai, XX; Geng, HH; Ji, XP; Li, R; Pan, M; Su, YM; Xiao, J, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin treated Tat transfected HEK-293T cells showed a dose and time dependent degradation of Tat protein."	( Curcumin inhibits HIV-1 by promoting Tat protein degradation. Ali, A; Banerjea, AC, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin treatment alone, or in combination with piperine, limits breast stem cell self-renewal, while remaining non-toxic to normal differentiated cells."	( Transcriptomic profiling of curcumin-treated human breast stem cells identifies a role for stearoyl-coa desaturase in breast cancer prevention. Colacino, JA; McDermott, SP; Rozek, LS; Sartor, MA; Wicha, MS, 2016)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment polarized surviving M-MDSCs toward CCR7(+) Dectin-1(-)M1 cells, accompanied by IFN-γ production and cytolytic function in T cells."	( Therapeutic targeting of myeloid-derived suppressor cells involves a novel mechanism mediated by clusterin. Chen, X; Coppola, D; Djeu, JY; Donatelli, SS; Eksioglu, EA; Gilvary, DL; Tejera, MM; Wei, S; Zhou, J, 2016)	1.16
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced calcification of VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner, detected by alizarin red staining and calcium content assay."	( Curcumin attenuates osteogenic differentiation and calcification of rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Hou, M; Li, Z; Lu, L; Luo, C; Ou, JS; Song, Y; Yan, J; Yu, H, 2016)	2.6
"Nanocurcumin treatment prevented lung edema formation and restored expression levels of ET-1/2/3 and its receptors while restoring the blood analytes, circulatory cytokines and pulmonary redox status better than curcumin."	( Nanocurcumin accords protection against acute hypobaric hypoxia induced lung injury in rats. Bansal, A; Bhardwaj, V; Nehra, S; Saraswat, D, 2016)	1.47
"Curcumin treatment protected TM cells against oxidative stress-induced cell death. "	( Curcumin Protects Trabecular Meshwork Cells From Oxidative Stress. Lin, C; Wu, X, 2016)	3.32
"Curcumin pre-treatment consistently and markedly down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of p53, Bax, caspase-9 and -3 and up-regulated the mRNA expression level of Bcl-2."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Furazolidone-Induced DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Human Hepatocyte L02 Cells by Inhibiting ROS Production and Mitochondrial Pathway. Dai, C; Gong, L; Li, D; Tang, S; Xiao, X, 2016)	2.6
"Curcumin treated mice also mitigated enhanced acetylcholine esterase enzyme level as compared to negative control group."	( Neuroprotective effect of curcumin as evinced by abrogation of rotenone-induced motor deficits, oxidative and mitochondrial dysfunctions in mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Juvekar, AR; Khatri, DK, )	1.15
"Curcumin treatment prevented paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic cell death."	( Curcumin attenuates paraquat-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma cells through modulating oxidative stress and autophagy. Chaicharoenaudomrung, N; Jaroonwitchawan, T; Namkaew, J; Noisa, P, 2017)	2.62
"In curcumin-treated cells, methylation of DLC1 promoter was reduced and active forms of RhoA and Cdc42 were also decreased."	( Curcumin inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells through demethylation of DLC1 promoter. Hu, Y; Liu, Y; Wang, J; Yuan, C; Zhou, J, 2017)	2.41
"Curcumin treatment markedly enhances the sensitivity of EOC spheroids to cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner."	( Re-purposing of curcumin as an anti-metastatic agent for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer: in vitro model using cancer stem cell enriched ovarian cancer spheroids. Cai, J; Chester, J; He, M; Jiang, WG; Lopes-Bastos, B; Wang, C; Wang, D; Zhou, Q; Zou, D, 2016)	1.5
"Curcumin pretreatment also protected the cells from colistin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase activation, and subsequent apoptosis."	( Curcumin Attenuates Colistin-Induced Neurotoxicity in N2a Cells via Anti-inflammatory Activity, Suppression of Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Cappai, R; Ciccotosto, GD; Dai, C; Li, D; Tang, S; Velkov, T; Xiao, X; Xie, S, 2018)	2.64
"Curcumin-treated mice showed significant decreases in both local and systemic inflammatory cytokine levels and in fibrosis, suggesting it is an effective radioprotector of the intestine."	( A Novel Mouse Model to Study Image-Guided, Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury and Preclinical Screening of Radioprotectors. Bell, B; Ben-Josef, E; Kanade, R; Koduri, S; Koumenis, C; Verginadis, II, 2017)	1.18
"Curcumin treatment may correct alcohol-mediated fetal cardiac apoptosis, suggesting that curcumin may play a protective role against alcohol abuse caused cardiac damage during pregnancy."	( Inhibition of histone acetylation by curcumin reduces alcohol-induced fetal cardiac apoptosis. Huang, X; Liu, L; Lv, T; Pan, B; Shen, W; Tian, J; Yan, X; Zhu, J, 2017)	1.45
"Curcumin treatment effectively reduced the progression of NASH to HCC by suppressing the protein expression of glypican-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and prothrombin in the NASH liver."	( Curcumin ameliorates liver damage and progression of NASH in NASH-HCC mouse model possibly by modulating HMGB1-NF-κB translocation. Afrin, R; Arumugam, S; Harima, M; Karuppagounder, V; Miyashita, S; Rahman, A; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, K; Ueno, K; Wahed, MI; Watanabe, K; Yoneyama, H, 2017)	2.62
"Curcumin treatment activated p53 through hyperphosphorylation at serine 15 before Bex genes induction indicating Bex genes are novel downstream targets of p53."	( Induction of Bex genes by curcumin is associated with apoptosis and activation of p53 in N2a neuroblastoma cells. Giri, RK; Sidhar, H, 2017)	1.48
"Curcumin treatment (therapeutic) caused a significant decrease (by 6.0- and 2.0-fold, respectively) in serum TNF-α and IFN-γ level, while IL-10 and IL-4 were elevated (by 1.4- and 1.8-fold)."	( The Antimalarial Effect of Curcumin Is Mediated by the Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β. Ali, AH; Basir, R; Embi, N; Sidek, HM; Sudi, S, 2017)	1.47
"Curcumin is used for treatment of wound and inflammation."	( Investigation on Curcumin nanocomposite for wound dressing. Anusuya, T; Venkatasubbu, GD, 2017)	1.52
"Curcumin pre-treatment for 96h increased oyster resistance to cumene hydroperoxide, but neither Nrf2 nor Keap1 genes were modulated by curcumin."	( Upregulating Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas: Investigating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in bivalves. Bainy, AC; Bianchini, A; da Silva Acosta, D; Dafre, AL; Danielli, NM; Deconto, VS; Fischer, K; Mello, DF; Trevisan, R, 2017)	1.18
"Curcumin treatment is significantly reduced MPO activity, and inflammatory cell accumulation in the BALF and also protein level, MDA, SOD, and W/D ratio were significantly reduced in the lung tissues."	( Efficacy and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin Against Sepsis-Induced Chronic Lung Injury in Male Albino Rats. Li, XD; Liu, H; Liu, YF; Sui, SG; Yang, CW, 2017)	1.45
"In curcumin-treated rats, the expression of Bcl-2 and Survivin were significantly decreased while Bax protein expression was significantly elevated (p < 0.05)."	( The effect of curcumin on bladder tumor in rat model. Chen, GX; Deng, N; Pan, ZJ; Zou, ZH, 2017)	1.33
"Curcumin treatment also preserved the mitochondrial redox potential, decreased the mitochondrial oxidative status, and improved the mitochondrial membrane potential and functions."	( Attenuation of Oxidative Stress-Induced Osteoblast Apoptosis by Curcumin is Associated with Preservation of Mitochondrial Functions and Increased Akt-GSK3β Signaling. Dai, P; Gu, W; Huang, S; Li, X; Ma, J; Mao, Y; Muhammad, I; Ni, Z; Sun, X; Zhang, D; Zhou, Y, 2017)	1.42
"Curcumin treatment lead to significant increase in FT3 and FT4 levels in 3-month-old experimental rats, but the level of FT3 significantly decreased in 18-month-old rats after curcumin administration."	( Age-dependent different action of curcumin in thyroid of rat. Gebarowska, A; Kaja, M; Papiez, MA, 2008)	1.35
"Curcumin pretreatment was revealed to be the most effective in attenuating all these modifications and, in particular, in reducing the death of IR cells."	( Curcumin protects cardiac cells against ischemia-reperfusion injury: effects on oxidative stress, NF-kappaB, and JNK pathways. Becatti, M; Borchi, E; Cecchi, C; Donzelli, G; Fiorillo, C; Giannini, L; Lanzilao, L; Nassi, N; Nassi, P; Pensalfini, A, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin pretreated (7.5 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) C57/BL6J mice were given MLD-STZ (40 mg kg(-1)), and various parameters of diabetes induction and progression were monitored."	( Novel role of curcumin in the prevention of cytokine-induced islet death in vitro and diabetogenesis in vivo. Bhonde, RR; Galande, S; Gokhale, K; Kanitkar, M, 2008)	1.43
"Curcumin treatment (20 and 40 mg/kg, i.p., 21 days) significantly reversed the chronic unpredictable stress-induced behavioral (increase immobility period), biochemical (increase monoamine oxidase activity) and neurochemical (depletion of brain monoamine levels) alterations."	( Anti-depressant like effect of curcumin and its combination with piperine in unpredictable chronic stress-induced behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical changes. Bhutani, MK; Bishnoi, M; Kulkarni, SK, 2009)	1.36
"Curcumin treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue HP content, and MDA levels and prevented inhibition of SOD, and GSH-Px enzymes in the tissues."	( Preventive effects of curcumin on different aspiration material-induced lung injury in rats. Aksu, B; Basaran, UN; Guzel, A; Kanter, M; Karasalihoglu, S; Konukoğlu, D; Uzun, H; Yalçin, O, 2009)	1.39
"Curcumin treatment resulted in a statistically significant improved survival in diseased mice along with decreasing white blood and GFP cell counts."	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of leukemic cells expressing wild-type or T315I-BCR-ABL and prolongs survival of mice with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Goodrich, A; Li, S; Peng, C; William, BM, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin treatment educes apoptosis of cells that express PMP22 point mutation and partially mitigates the severe neuropathy phenotype of Trembler-J mouse model in a dose-dependent manner."	( [Hereditary neuropathy: recent advance]. Nakagawa, M, 2008)	1.07
"Curcumin treatment resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 in all cell lines. "	( Suppression of interleukin 6 and 8 production in head and neck cancer cells with curcumin via inhibition of Ikappa beta kinase. Cohen, AN; Srivatsan, ES; Veena, MS; Wang, MB, 2009)	2.02
"Curcumin treatment was able to overcome stromal protection of CLL B cells on in vitro testing and to synergize with EGCG when administered in a sequential fashion. "	( Curcumin inhibits prosurvival pathways in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells and may overcome their stromal protection in combination with EGCG. Ghosh, AK; Kay, NE; Secreto, CR; Shanafelt, TD, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin treatment restored hepatic enzymes activities to the normal levels and enhanced catalase activity in the liver tissue of infected mice."	( Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin treatment on murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Allam, G, 2009)	1.37
"Curcumin- and HPbetaCD-treated rats showed a faster weight gain compared to dextran sulfate solution (DSS) controls."	( Effect of cyclodextrin complexation of curcumin on its solubility and antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity in rat colitis model. Devi, K; Suresh, S; Yadav, S; Yadav, VR, 2009)	1.34
"Curcumin treatments resulted in improving of liver pathology, decreasing the elevation of hepatic MDA, and inhibition of NF-kappaB activation."	( Curcumin decreased oxidative stress, inhibited NF-kappaB activation, and improved liver pathology in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats. Klaikeaw, N; Kulaputana, O; Samuhasaneeto, S; Suyasunanont, D; Thong-Ngam, D, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin treatment significantly reduced infarct volume and improved neurological scores at different time points compared with the vehicle-treated group."	( Curcumin improves outcomes and attenuates focal cerebral ischemic injury via antiapoptotic mechanisms in rats. Feng, G; Luo, G; Wang, L; Yu, S; Zhao, J; Zhao, Y; Zheng, W, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin treatment also remarkably prevented B16BL6 from invading the draining lymph nodes in the spontaneous metastatic tumor model, which is probably of relevance to PRL-3 down-regulation."	( An anticancer effect of curcumin mediated by down-regulating phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 expression on highly metastatic melanoma cells. Shen, Y; Song, R; Sun, Y; Wang, L; Xu, J; Xu, Q, 2009)	1.38
"Curcumin treatment reduces viability of all cell lines within 24 h of treatment in a 5-50 muM range. "	( Curcumin induces apoptosis-independent death in oesophageal cancer cells. McKenna, SL; O'Donovan, TR; O'Sullivan, GC; O'Sullivan-Coyne, G; Piwocka, K, 2009)	3.24
"Curcumin pretreatment has been shown to decrease the formation of B(a)P-derived DNA adducts; however, its effects on disappearance of BPDE-DNA adducts in vivo remain unexplored. "	( Dietary curcumin enhances benzo(a)pyrene-induced apoptosis resulting in a decrease in BPDE-DNA adducts in mice. Garg, R; Maru, G, 2009)	2.23
"Curcumin treatment in group III produced a significant increase in GSH levels, as well as a decrease in intestinal mucosal injury scores, MPO activity, MDA, and NO levels when compared with group II (P < .05)."	( Curcumin nutrition for the prevention of mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury: an experimental rodent model. Adas, G; Altug, T; Battal, M; Gulcicek, OB; Kamali, G; Karahan, S; Karatepe, O; Kemik, A; Ugurlucan, M, 2009)	2.52
"Curcumin treatment generated comparable levels of reactive oxygen species and the mutagenic adduct 8-oxo-guanine in MMR-proficient and MMR-deficient cells; however, accumulation of gammaH2AX foci, a marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), occurred only in MMR-positive cells in response to curcumin treatment."	( The mismatch repair system modulates curcumin sensitivity through induction of DNA strand breaks and activation of G2-M checkpoint. Brown, KD; Jiang, Z; Jin, S; Rajasekaran, B; Yalowich, JC, 2010)	1.35
"Curcumin treatment in vitro inhibited the growth of immortalized oral mucosa epithelial cells (NOM9-CT) and the leukoplakia cells (MSK-Leuk1s) as well as in the UMSCC22B and SCC4 cells derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma."	( Differential inhibition of protein translation machinery by curcumin in normal, immortalized, and malignant oral epithelial cells. Chakravarti, N; Kadara, H; Lotan, D; Lotan, R; Myers, JN; Shay, JW; Sonenberg, N; Yoon, DJ, 2010)	1.32
"Curcumin treatment also induced Bid cleavage and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein."	( Autophagic and apoptotic mechanisms of curcumin-induced death in K562 cells. Jia, YL; Li, J; Liang, ZQ; Qin, ZH, 2009)	1.34
"Curcumin treatment ameliorated the general situations and histopathological signs in rats with NEC. "	( [Protective effects of curcumin on neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis]. Jia, SH; Li, JC; Wei, H; Wei, XD; Yu, JL; Zhang, XP, 2010)	2.11
"Curcumin treatment (80 mg kg(-1) b.w."	( Detoxification and antioxidant effects of curcumin in rats experimentally exposed to mercury. Agarwal, R; Behari, JR; Goel, SK, 2010)	1.35
"Curcumin treatment significantly improved behavioral deficits, and enhanced the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) in the MPTP-induced PD model mice."	( Curcumin prevents dopaminergic neuronal death through inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. Chi, ZH; Feng, WY; Nie, YX; Wang, NQ; Wang, ZY; Xin, N; Yu, S; Zheng, W, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin treatment of PC3 cells caused time- and dose-dependent induction of apoptosis and depletion of cellular reduced glutathione (GSH)."	( Curcumin-induced apoptosis in PC3 prostate carcinoma cells is caspase-independent and involves cellular ceramide accumulation and damage to mitochondria. Furlong, SJ; Giacomantonio, CA; Hilchie, AL; Hoskin, DW; Richardson, A; Ridgway, ND; Robichaud, MR; Sutton, K, 2010)	2.52
"Curcumin treatment inhibited carrageenin and albumin induced edema, cotton pellet granuloma formation."	( Protective effect of curcumin on experimentally induced inflammation, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in rats: evidence of its antioxidant property. Naik, SR; Patil, SR; Thakare, VN, 2011)	1.41
"The curcumin treatment resulted in an accumulation of cells in the G(1) phase of the cell cycle."	( Curcumin induces down-regulation of EZH2 expression through the MAPK pathway in MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells. Chen, YC; Fu, YS; Hua, WF; Kung, HF; Liao, YJ; Xia, WJ; Xie, D; Zeng, YX, 2010)	2.28
"Curcumin treatment improved neurologic outcome, which was supported by decreased level of tissue MDA and increased levels of tissue GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT activity. "	( Curcumin improves early functional results after experimental spinal cord injury. Cemil, B; Demircan, MN; Ipcioglu, O; Kucukodaci, Z; Kurt, G; Kutlay, M; Topuz, K; Tun, K, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin treatment may help establish a microenvironment in which the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines are antagonized, thus facilitating chondrogenesis of MSC-like progenitor cells in vivo. "	( Curcumin mediated suppression of nuclear factor-κB promotes chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a high-density co-culture microenvironment. Buhrmann, C; Matis, U; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin and insulin treatment reversed this altered parameters to near control."	( Role of curcumin in the prevention of cholinergic mediated cortical dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Antony, S; George, N; Kuruvilla, KP; Paulose, CS; Peeyush Kumar, T; Soman, S, 2011)	1.52
"Curcumin treatment also significantly reduced HAT activity, level of p300 and acetylated CBP/p300 gene expression, and induced HDAC2 expression by curcumin."	( Epigenetic regulation of high glucose-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in monocytes by curcumin. Devaraj, S; Jialal, I; Yun, JM, 2011)	1.31
"With curcumin treatment, NF-kappaB was down-regulated and E-cadherin was up-regulated in NPC cells. "	( Curcumin alters the migratory phenotype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through up-regulation of E-cadherin. Chan, JY; Chan, WS; Ho, WK; Li, CH; Liu, RW; Tang, WW; Tsang, RK; Tsao, SW; Wei, WI; Wong, TS, 2010)	2.32
"Curcumin pre-treatment modulates leukocyte and platelet adhesion and BBB dysfunction in mice with CLP via P-selectin expression and improves survival in mice with CLP."	( Curcumin modulates leukocyte and platelet adhesion in murine sepsis. El Gazzar, M; McCall, C; Mishra, N; Vachharajani, V; Wang, SW; Yoza, B, 2010)	3.25
"Curcumin treatment reduced miR-21 promoter activity and expression in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting AP-1 binding to the promoter, and induced the expression of the tumour suppressor Pdcd4 (programmed cell death protein 4), which is a target of miR-21."	( Curcumin regulates miR-21 expression and inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Allgayer, H; Asangani, IA; George-William, JN; Kumarswamy, R; Mudduluru, G; Muppala, S; Nelson, LD, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment resulted in an increase in fibrinolytic activity and cell migration towards the wound area."	( Curcumin facilitates fibrinolysis and cellular migration during wound healing by modulating urokinase plasminogen activator expression. Madhyastha, H; Madhyastha, R; Maruyama, M; Nakajima, Y; Omura, S, 2010)	2.52
"In curcumin-treated DBA2J mice with Stz-diabetes, HPLC measurements confirmed the presence of urinary curcuminoid."	( Curcumin activates the p38MPAK-HSP25 pathway in vitro but fails to attenuate diabetic nephropathy in DBA2J mice despite urinary clearance documented by HPLC. Adler, SG; Dai, T; LaPage, J; Ma, J; Natarajan, R; Phillips, L; Wang, Y, 2010)	2.32
"Curcumin treatment at 12 week can exert beneficial effect in diabetes mellitus, regarding the improvement of pancreatic islets. "	( Effect of curcumin in the amelioration of pancreatic islets in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Anupunpisit, V; Chanpoo, M; Panyarachun, B; Petchpiboonthai, H, 2010)	2.21
"Curcumin-treated animals also presented a marked reduction of the inflammatory cell infiltrate and increased collagen content and fibroblastic cell numbers."	( Potent anti-inflammatory effects of systemically administered curcumin modulate periodontal disease in vivo. Coimbra, LS; de Aquino, SG; Guimarães, MR; Kirkwood, KL; Rossa, C; Spolidorio, LC, 2011)	1.33
"In curcumin treated rats, the volume decreased but in a lesser extent and it was ∼10% and ∼15% higher on the average in comparison with the non-treated SNC (P<0.04)."	( Effects of curcumin on the dorsal root ganglion structure and functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush in rat. Aliabadi, E; Dehghani, F; Karbalay-Doust, S; Noorafshan, A; Omidi, A, 2011)	1.27
"Curcumin pretreatment reduce pulmonary apoptotic pathway via significant inhibition of TGF-β and caspase-3 in kidney and lung tissues."	( Curcumin immune-mediated and anti-apoptotic mechanisms protect against renal ischemia/reperfusion and distant organ induced injuries. Awad, AS; El-Sharif, AA, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment prevented the enhanced proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity and the trend toward increased caspase-9-associated apoptosome activity at I8 in immobilized muscles."	( Curcumin treatment prevents increased proteasome and apoptosome activities in rat skeletal muscle during reloading and improves subsequent recovery. Astruc, T; Attaix, D; Béchet, D; Claustre, A; Combaret, L; Dardevet, D; Labas, R; Magne, H; Slimani, L; Taillandier, D; Vazeille, E, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment up-regulated the proliferation-related marker proteins coupled with increased cell growth, telomerase activity and overexpression of stemness acting signals, which was associated with activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway."	( Curcumin stimulates proliferation, stemness acting signals and migration of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Choi, YH; Kim, BW; Kim, JH; Kim, WJ; Kwon, HJ; Nam, SW; Park, SH, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment of Caco-2 monolayers also significantly decreased NPC1L1 mRNA and protein expression."	( SREBP2 mediates the modulation of intestinal NPC1L1 expression by curcumin. Alrefai, WA; Dudeja, PK; Gill, RK; Hedroug, O; Kumar, P; Ma, K; Malhotra, P; Saksena, S; Singla, A, 2011)	1.33
"Curcumin-ND treatment led to enhanced G(1) arrest in two cultured cell models of MCL."	( Curcumin nanodisk-induced apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma. Forte, TM; Ghosh, M; Gordon, LI; Ryan, RO; Singh, AT, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin/LPPC treatment caused a cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, which rapidly resulted in apoptosis."	( A Lipo-PEG-PEI complex for encapsulating curcumin that enhances its antitumor effects on curcumin-sensitive and curcumin-resistance cells. Chen, CH; Hsieh, JH; Liao, KW; Lin, CM; Lin, YL; Liu, YK; Tsai, NM, 2012)	1.37
"In curcumin-treated rats, these parameters decreased, but to a lesser extent, and the values were significantly higher than in the non-treated SNC group (p<0.04)."	( Curcumin protects the dorsal root ganglion and sciatic nerve after crush in rat. Karbalay-Doust, S; Noorafshan, A; Omidi, A, 2011)	2.33
"Curcumin treatment led to a reduction in IKKβ kinase activity in the salivary cells of HNSCC patients (P < 0.05). "	( Curcumin treatment suppresses IKKβ kinase activity of salivary cells of patients with head and neck cancer: a pilot study. Basak, SK; Eidelman, O; Gjertson, DW; Han, E; Kim, SG; Pollard, HB; Srivastava, M; Srivatsan, ES; Starr, J; Tajima, T; Veena, MS; Wang, MB, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin treatment (schemes 1 and 2) attenuated K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced renal dysfunction, histological damage, oxidant stress, and the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity both in kidney tissue and in mitochondria."	( Curcumin prevents Cr(VI)-induced renal oxidant damage by a mitochondrial pathway. El Hafidi, M; Hernández-Pando, R; Medina-Campos, ON; Molina-Jijón, E; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Tapia, E; Torres, I; Zarco-Márquez, G; Zatarain-Barrón, ZL; Zazueta, C, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin pretreatment dramatically decreased H₂O₂- and tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced ROS production, but failed to suppress cytotoxicity of those compounds."	( No protective effect of curcumin on hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Chen, L; Chen, X; Wang, Y; Xu, Z; Zhong, Z, 2011)	1.4
"Curcumin-treated, iron-starved cultures are enriched in unbudded cells, suggesting that the G(1) phase of the cell cycle is lengthened."	( Curcumin inhibits growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae through iron chelation. Ballew, A; Cyert, MS; Giaever, G; Minear, S; Nislow, C; O'Donnell, AF; Stearns, T, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment markedly changed the microglial transcriptome with 49 differentially expressed transcripts in a combined analysis of resting and activated microglial cells. "	( Curcumin is a potent modulator of microglial gene expression and migration. Aslanidis, A; Karlstetter, M; Langmann, T; Lippe, E; Mirza, M; Moehle, C; Walczak, Y, 2011)	3.25
"Curcumin treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels and increased of reduced superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities in intestinal tissues samples."	( The role of curcumin on intestinal oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis after ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Erboga, M; Guzel, A; Kanter, M; Pergel, A; Yucel, AF, 2011)	1.47
"Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated these disturbances in intracellular ROS, liver enzyme activity and significantly antagonized the lipid peroxidation, GSH depletion and insulin resistance induced by GO in LO2 hepatocytes."	( Curcumin attenuates insulin resistance in hepatocytes by inducing Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Li, Q; Liu, ZX; Qin, M; Wang, JJ; Wang, XX; Wen, QS; Zhao, SG, )	2.3
"Curcumin treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation of cancer cells and decreased the secretion of murine IL-6 by MDSCs in a coculture system."	( Curcumin induces the differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and inhibits their interaction with cancer cells and related tumor growth. Jin, H; Liu, A; Lu, G; Shi, JD; Suo, Y; Tu, SP; Wang, TC; Yang, CS; Zhu, LM, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment decreased PDE1 and PDE4 activities and dose dependently increased intracellular cGMP levels, whereas cAMP levels were unchanged."	( Anti-proliferative effect of curcumin on melanoma cells is mediated by PDE1A inhibition that regulates the epigenetic integrator UHRF1. Abusnina, A; Bronner, C; Keravis, T; Lugnier, C; Yougbaré, I, 2011)	1.38
"Curcumin treatment led to Apaf-1 upregulation both at the protein and mRNA levels."	( Curcumin induces Apaf-1-dependent, p21-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis. Amadori, M; Black, JD; Chandra, D; Gogada, R; Jandhyam, S; Jones, A; Pitarresi, J; Prabhu, V; Verone, A; Zhang, H, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment of LECs enhanced Sp1 binding to its sites, consistent with curcumin-dependent stimulation of Prdx6 promoter with Sp1 sites and cytoprotection."	( Specificity protein, Sp1-mediated increased expression of Prdx6 as a curcumin-induced antioxidant defense in lens epithelial cells against oxidative stress. Bhargavan, B; Chhunchha, B; Fatma, N; Kubo, E; Kumar, A; Singh, DP, 2011)	1.33
"Curcumin pretreatment did not affect hepatic Kupffer cell numbers after Con A injection."	( Curcumin attenuates Concanavalin A-induced liver injury in mice by inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and TLR9 expression. Han, B; Liu, HC; Tu, CT; Yao, QY; Zhang, SC; Zhang, YA, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment was found to markedly reduce the production of Aβ(40/42)."	( Curcumin mediates presenilin-1 activity to reduce β-amyloid production in a model of Alzheimer's Disease. Hongmei, Z; Lu, S; Xiong, Z; Yu, L, 2011)	2.53
"Curcumin treatment also significantly decreased the TNF-α-induced cell surface and total protein expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in a dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin attenuates TNF-α-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and proinflammatory cytokines in human endometriotic stromal cells. Choi, HJ; Kim, BS; Kim, JH; Kim, KH; Lee, EN; Lee, HW; Lee, JR; Lee, KS; Park, JK; Yoon, S, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin and L-ASP co-treatments induced apoptosis, via activation and cleavage of caspase-8 and BID cleavage accompanied by release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-9/3, compared to the group treated with only L-ASP and the control group."	( Curcumin potentiates antitumor activity of L-asparaginase via inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Geng, QR; Lu, Y; Wang, H; Wang, L, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment inhibited the elevation of NF-κB-p65 in the nucleus of mouse pancreas AP group and RAW264.7 cells, but significantly increased the expression of PPARγ."	( Preventive action of curcumin in experimental acute pancreatitis in mouse. Qi, XL; Ren, GJ; Tian, KL; Xu, G; Xu, X; Yu, WG; Yuan, HQ, 2011)	1.41
"Curcumin pretreatment of fibroblasts inhibited parasite invasion."	( Curcumin treatment provides protection against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Nagajyothi, F; Tanowitz, HB; Weiss, LM; Zhao, D, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment regressed endometriosis by inhibiting NFκB translocation and MMP-3 expression."	( Curcumin as anti-endometriotic agent: implication of MMP-3 and intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Jana, S; Paul, S; Swarnakar, S, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels and increased reduced superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities in lung tissue samples."	( Protective effect of curcumin on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion. Erboga, M; Guzel, A; Kanter, M; Yucel, AF, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin-treated tumors had decreased NF-κB activity and an associated significant decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an increase in tumor cell apoptosis, as well as a decrease in tumor vascular endothelial growth factor levels and microvessel density."	( Liposome-encapsulated curcumin suppresses neuroblastoma growth through nuclear factor-kappa B inhibition. Davidoff, AM; Denbo, JW; Morton, CL; Myers, AL; Ng, CY; Orr, WS; Pfeffer, LM; Saab, KR; Zhou, J, 2012)	1.41
"Curcumin-treated rats had improved motor function compared with controls starting from Week 1. "	( Recovery from spinal cord injury using naturally occurring antiinflammatory compound curcumin: laboratory investigation. Das, K; Jhanwar-Uniyal, M; Murali, R; Ormond, DR; Peng, H; Zeman, R, 2012)	2.05
"Curcumin treatment also resulted in reduced number and size of esophagospheres."	( Curcumin induces cell death in esophageal cancer cells through modulating Notch signaling. Anant, S; Battafarano, RJ; Ponnurangam, S; Ramamoorthy, P; Sharma, P; Standing, D; Subramaniam, D, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment of leukemic cells also downregulates the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), phospho-Akt, c-Myc, and cyclin D1."	( Glutathione regulates caspase-dependent ceramide production and curcumin-induced apoptosis in human leukemic cells. Chathoth, S; Galadari, S; Hago, A; Kizhakkayil, J; Patel, M; Thayyullathil, F, 2012)	1.34
"Oral curcumin treatment resulted in 25% longer survival (p<0.01)."	( Effect of curcumin in a mouse model of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Antalfy, B; Deguchi, K; Goto, Y; Inoue, K; Inoue, N; Morimura, T; Numata, Y; Osaka, H; Yamamoto, R; Yu, LH, 2012)	1.24
"Curcumin treatment also markedly decreased NAD(P)H oxidase subunits (p67phox, p22phox, gp91phox), growth factors (transforming growth factor-β, osteopontin) and myocyte enhancer factor-2 protein expression as well as inhibited NF-κB activity at nuclear level."	( Curcumin prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: possible involvement of PKC-MAPK signaling pathway. Harima, M; Lakshmanan, AP; Mito, S; Nagata, M; Sari, FR; Soetikno, V; Sukumaran, V; Suzuki, K; Takagi, R; Thandavarayan, RA; Watanabe, K, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment protected cultured neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by a mechanism requiring TNFR2 activation."	( Curcumin requires tumor necrosis factor α signaling to alleviate cognitive impairment elicited by lipopolysaccharide. Camandola, S; Kawamoto, EM; Mattson, MP; Scavone, C, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment did not obviously affect the growth of otherwise untreated VSMCs(P>0.05), but could significantly suppress TNF-α-induced proliferation of VSMCs (P/0.01)."	( [Effects of curcumin on syndecan-4 protein and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression in tumor necrosis factor-α-induced rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro]. Lai, W; Luo, Y; Ouyang, P; Xu, D, 2012)	1.48
"Curcumin pretreatment reversed these changes."	( Curcumin protects nigral dopaminergic neurons by iron-chelation in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease. Du, XX; Jiang, H; Song, N; Wang, J; Xie, JX; Xu, HM, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment on tongue carcinoma cell lines suppressed MMP10 expression at both mRNA and protein levels."	( Curcumin inhibits tongue carcinoma cells migration and invasion through downregulation of matrix metallopeptidase 10. Chan, JY; Gao, W; Ho, WK; Tang, WW; Tsang, RK; Wei, WI; Wong, TS, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment induced the apoptosis accompanied by ultra-structural changes and release of lactate dehydrogenase in a dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells by activating the mitochondria apoptotic pathway. Chen, XJ; Guo, LD; Hu, YH; Liu, JZ; Wang, D; Yu, ZJ, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatments for 3 and 20 weeks reduced the cancer incidence resulting in a decrease of phospho-IκBα expression in benign tumor-bearing rats compared with MNU + s-NaCl."	( Curcumin attenuates gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and saturated sodium chloride in rats. Klaikeaw, N; Patumraj, S; Sintara, K; Thong-Ngam, D, 2012)	2.54
"Curcumin treatment inhibited the lipoapoptosis, ROS production and ATP depletion elicited by HFFA in primary hepatocytes."	( Curcumin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction associated with inhibition of gluconeogenesis in free fatty acid-mediated hepatic lipoapoptosis. Chang, HH; Kuo, JJ; Lee, TY; Tsai, TH, 2012)	2.54
"The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (3.22 vs."	( Curcumin extract for prevention of type 2 diabetes. Chuengsamarn, S; Jirawatnotai, S; Luechapudiporn, R; Phisalaphong, C; Rattanamongkolgul, S, 2012)	2.3
"Curcumin treatment induced CAMP promoter activity from a luciferase reporter construct lacking the VDR binding site and did not increase binding of the VDR to the CAMP promoter as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays."	( Curcumin induces human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene expression through a vitamin D receptor-independent pathway. Borregaard, N; Gombart, AF; Guo, C; Lowry, MB; Rosoha, E, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment down-regulated viral replication in the liver of infected animals."	( Curcumin inhibits Rift Valley fever virus replication in human cells. Baer, A; Bailey, C; Bethel, L; Das, B; Das, R; Guendel, I; Hartman, AL; Kashanchi, F; Kehn-Hall, K; Lundberg, L; Narayanan, A; Senina, S; Turell, M; Van Duyne, R, 2012)	2.54
"In curcumin-treated rats, the distinguished recovery of liver tissues showed regained normal pattern of central veins, sinusoids, hepatocytes and portal triad, when compared with liver tissues of control group."	( Study of curcumin on microvasculature characteristic in diabetic rat's liver as revealed by vascular corrosion cast/scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. Anupunpisit, V; Khimmaktong, W; Panyarachun, B; Petpiboolthai, H, 2012)	1.31
"The curcumin treatment reduced FeNTA-caused production of ROS and caspase-3 activity by 45.01% and 59.71% respectively."	( [Curcumin inhibits iron overload-induced hepatocytic apoptosis and nuclear factor-κB activity]. Niu, MH; Qian, JJ; Zhai, XG; Zhou, Q; Zhou, YJ, 2012)	1.77
"Curcumin treatments effectively attenuated the rats' pulmonary inflammation responses (as shown by reduced alveolar damage), decreased serum malondialdehyde and surfactant protein D levels, and inhibited the expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β."	( The effect of curcumin on lung injuries in a rat model induced by aspirating gastrointestinal decontamination agents. Alacam, H; Gacar, A; Gunaydın, M; Guvenc, T; Guzel, A; Murat, N; Salis, O, 2012)	1.46
"Curcumin treatment, starting at week 10 post-DMH injection for 14 days, reduced the number of ACF (40%), iNOS expression (25%) and arginase activity (73%), and improved redox status by approximately 46%, compared to DMH-treated mice."	( Short curcumin treatment modulates oxidative stress, arginase activity, aberrant crypt foci, and TGF-β1 and HES-1 transcripts in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-colon carcinogenesis in mice. Bounaama, A; Djerdjouri, B; Laroche-Clary, A; Le Morvan, V; Robert, J, 2012)	1.58
"Curcumin treatment or administration should be used carefully at the early post-implantation stage of gestation."	( Effect of curcumin on in vitro early post-implantation stages of mouse embryo development. Chan, WH; Hsuuw, YD; Huang, FJ; Huang, KE; Kang, HY; Lan, KC; Liu, YC, 2013)	1.51
"Curcumin treatment modified elasticity of the HMEC cells increasing the cell's average Young's modulus two- to threefold, especially in the cytoplasmic area."	( Differential effect of curcumin on the nanomechanics of normal and cancerous Mammalian epithelial cells. Bec, N; Cuisinier, F; Estephan, E; Gergely, C; Larroque, C; Martin, M; Saab, MB, 2013)	1.42
"Curcumin treatment has resulted in higher cytotoxicity in the cells that express telomerase enzyme, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent."	( Curcumin inhibits telomerase and induces telomere shortening and apoptosis in brain tumour cells. Hande, MP; Kalthur, G; Khaw, AK, 2013)	2.55
"In Curcumin-treated co-culture, in tumor cells, the levels of nuclear factor κB (NFκBα) and early response kinase (ERK)-decreased, in fibroblasts, integrin αv protein synthesis decreased compared to corresponding cells in normal co-culture."	( Curcumin targets fibroblast-tumor cell interactions in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Dudás, J; Fullár, A; Hans Schartinger, V; Kovalszky, I; Mathias Sprinzl, G; Pritz, C; Riechelmann, H; Romani, A, 2013)	2.35
"Curcumin and insulin treatment reversed these altered parameters to near control."	( NMDA and AMPA receptor mediated excitotoxicity in cerebral cortex of streptozotocin induced diabetic rat: ameliorating effects of curcumin. Anju, TR; Jayanarayanan, S; Paulose, CS; Peeyush, KT; Smijin, S, 2013)	1.32
"Curcumin-treated mice had significantly less CNV area (P<0.05) and CNV leakage (P<0.001) than vehicle-treated mice. "	( Suppression of experimental choroidal neovascularization by curcumin in mice. Chen, Z; Liu, Q; Wang, F; Xie, P; Yang, Q; Yuan, D; Yuan, S; Zhang, W, 2012)	2.06
"Curcumin treatment led to the suppression of CNV development together with inflammatory and angiogenic processes including NF-κB and HIF-1α activation, the up-regulation of inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines, and infiltrating macrophages and granulocytes. "	( Suppression of experimental choroidal neovascularization by curcumin in mice. Chen, Z; Liu, Q; Wang, F; Xie, P; Yang, Q; Yuan, D; Yuan, S; Zhang, W, 2012)	2.06
"Curcumin treatment (30 mg/kg) given every day in parallel with apoferritin reduced glomerulonephritis and enhanced kidney function (blood urea nitrogen, 45·4 ± 7·5 versus 35·6 ± 5·1; albuminuria, 50·1 ± 7·1 versus 15·7 ± 7·1; glomerulonephritis, 2·62 + 0·25 versus 2 + 0·3, P < 0·05)."	( Curcumin alleviates immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis in factor-H-deficient mice. Alexander, JJ; Chang, A; Chaves, L; Eadon, MT; Jacob, A; Quigg, RJ, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treatment resulted in a fast and significant increase of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) along with activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP in Huh7 cells. "	( Curcumin induces FasL-related apoptosis through p38 activation in human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells. Chen, XG; Jin, XB; Li, L; Liu, MY; Mao, JW; Meng, MJ; Pu, QH; Wang, WZ; Zhu, JY, 2013)	3.28
"Curcumin treatment in BDL group was found to decrease tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in the livers of rats."	( Protective effects of curcumin against oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage in the livers and kidneys of rats with biliary obstruction. Arıkök, AT; Aydın, S; Başaran, AA; Basaran, N; Dündar, HZ; Kılıç, M; Ozkardeş, AB; Taner, G; Taşlıpınar, MY; Tokaç, M, 2013)	1.43
"Curcumin and insulin treatment restored the alterations and maintained all parameters to near control."	( Curcumin restores diabetes induced neurochemical changes in the brain stem of Wistar rats. Antony, S; George, N; Kumar, PT; Paulose, CS, 2013)	2.55
"Curcumin treated with CYP 2D6, CYP1A1, or CYP1A2 induced DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II)."	( Metal-mediated DNA damage induced by curcumin in the presence of human cytochrome P450 isozymes. Kawanishi, S; Sakano, K, 2002)	1.31
"The curcumin treatment also induced caspase-3-mediated degradation of cell-cell adhesion proteins beta-catenin, E-cadherin and APC, which were linked with apoptosis, and this degradation was prevented with the caspase-3 inhibitor."	( Beta-catenin-mediated transactivation and cell-cell adhesion pathways are important in curcumin (diferuylmethane)-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Gupta, N; Jaiswal, AS; Marlow, BP; Narayan, S, 2002)	1.02
"Curcumin treatment resulted in the enhanced expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta tIIrc in both normal and impaired healing wounds as revealed by immunohistochemistry."	( Curcumin differentially regulates TGF-beta1, its receptors and nitric oxide synthase during impaired wound healing. Gaddipati, JP; Kumari, R; Maheshwari, RK; Mani, H; Seth, P; Sidhu, GS, 2002)	2.48
"Curcumin treatment results in elevated amounts of c-Jun-Ub conjugates."	( Protein kinase CK2 and protein kinase D are associated with the COP9 signalosome. Bech-Otschir, D; Berse, M; Dubiel, W; Dumdey, R; Henklein, P; Huang, X; Medalia, O; Schade, R; Sperling, J; Uhle, S; Waldron, R, 2003)	1.04
"Curcumin-treated B16F10 melanoma cells formed eight-fold fewer lung metastases in C57BL6 mice."	( Curcumin exhibits antimetastatic properties by modulating integrin receptors, collagenase activity, and expression of Nm23 and E-cadherin. Chatterjee, A; Chattopadhyay, N; Mitra, A; Ray, S; Siddiqi, M, 2003)	2.48
"4 In curcumin-pretreated mice, there was a significant reduction in the degree of both neutrophil infiltration (measured as decrease in myeloperoxidase activity) and lipid peroxidation (measured as decrease in malondialdehyde activity) in the inflamed colon as well as decreased serine protease activity."	( Curcumin, the major component of food flavour turmeric, reduces mucosal injury in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis. Das, PK; Datta, N; Karmakar, S; Maity, S; Ukil, A; Vedasiromoni, JR, 2003)	2.22
"Curcumin treatment attenuated TPA- stimulated NF-kappaB activation in mouse skin, which was associated with its blockade of degradation of the inhibitory protein IkappaBalpha and also of subsequent translocation of the p65 subunit to nucleus."	( Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation. Chun, KS; Han, SS; Keum, YS; Kim, SH; Song, YS; Surh, YJ, 2003)	2.48
"Curcumin-treatment (300 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented IR injury mediated fall in glutathione peroxide activity."	( Neuroprotective effect of curcumin in middle cerebral artery occlusion induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Sharma, SS; Thiyagarajan, M, 2004)	1.34
"Curcumin treatment at similar doses as those used to inhibit HIV gene expression also effectively blocked UV activation of NF-kappaB, as demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay."	( Curcumin inhibits ultraviolet light induced human immunodeficiency virus gene expression. Hershey, C; Lammering, G; Taher, MM; Valerie, K, 2003)	2.48
"Curcumin treatment did not change cadmium (Cd) distribution and did not cause systematic alterations in trace element status."	( The effect of curcumin on cadmium-induced oxidative damage and trace elements level in the liver of rats and mice. Bludovská, M; Eybl, V; Kotyzová, D, 2004)	1.41
"Curcumin pre and post-treatment (PPT) was shown to decrease the levels of xanthine oxidase, superoxide anion, lipid peroxides (LPs) and myeloperoxidase while the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly increased after curcumin PPT."	( Curcumin modulates free radical quenching in myocardial ischaemia in rats. Aishwarya, S; Lokanadam, B; Manikandan, P; Manohar, BM; Puvanakrishnan, R; Sumitra, M, 2004)	2.49
"Curcumin treatment also induced JNK-dependent sustained phosphorylation of c-jun and stimulation of AP-1 transcriptional activity."	( Curcumin induces c-jun N-terminal kinase-dependent apoptosis in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Campbell, FC; Collett, GP, 2004)	2.49
"Curcumin co-treatment seems to prevent oxidative damage and found to delay the development of cataract."	( Antioxidant effect of curcumin in selenium induced cataract of Wistar rats. Padmaja, S; Raju, TN, 2004)	1.36
"Curcumin-treated MDA-1986 cells showed a rapid, dose-dependent increase in ATF3/mRNA protein."	( Gene expression profiling identifies activating transcription factor 3 as a novel contributor to the proapoptotic effect of curcumin. Aggarwal, B; Boyd, DD; Jamaluddin, MS; Myers, J; Yan, C, 2005)	1.26
"3 Curcumin treatment inhibited Na,K-ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner (K(0.5) approximately 14.6 microM)."	( Curcumin modulation of Na,K-ATPase: phosphoenzyme accumulation, decreased K+ occlusion, and inhibition of hydrolytic activity. Mahmmoud, YA, 2005)	2.33
"The curcumin-treated DC were highly efficient at Ag capture, via mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis."	( Curcumin inhibits immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells: MAPKs and translocation of NF-kappa B as potential targets. Ahn, SC; Kim, GY; Kim, KH; Lee, CM; Lee, HJ; Lee, SH; Moon, DO; Park, YC; Park, YM; Yoon, MS, 2005)	2.25
"Curcumin-treated cells also were examined for NF-kappaB binding activity (electrophoretic mobility shift assay) and for the activity of its upstream regulator, IkappaB kinase (IKK) (immune complex kinase assay)."	( Curcumin-induced antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in melanoma cells are associated with suppression of IkappaB kinase and nuclear factor kappaB activity and are independent of the B-Raf/mitogen-activated/extracellular signal-regulated protein ki Aggarwal, BB; Kurzrock, R; Shishodia, S; Siwak, DR, 2005)	2.49
"Curcumin treatment decreased cell viability of all 3 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner (50% inhibitory concentration = 6.1-7.7 microM) and induced apoptosis. "	( Curcumin-induced antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in melanoma cells are associated with suppression of IkappaB kinase and nuclear factor kappaB activity and are independent of the B-Raf/mitogen-activated/extracellular signal-regulated protein ki Aggarwal, BB; Kurzrock, R; Shishodia, S; Siwak, DR, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin analog treatment was found to be more effective than curcumin treatment."	( Comparative effects of curcumin and its analog on alcohol- and polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced alterations in circulatory lipid profiles. Aruna, K; Menon, VP; Rajasekaran, KN; Rukkumani, R; Varma, PS, 2005)	1.36
"Curcumin treatment resulted in reduced nuclear expression of NF-kappabeta."	( Curcumin suppresses growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Chakrabarti, R; Cohen, AN; LoTempio, MM; Ramalingam, TS; Ramamurthy, B; Srivatsan, ES; Steele, HL; Veena, MS; Wang, MB, 2005)	2.49
"Curcumin treatment resulted in suppression of HNSCC growth both in vitro and in vivo. "	( Curcumin suppresses growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Chakrabarti, R; Cohen, AN; LoTempio, MM; Ramalingam, TS; Ramamurthy, B; Srivatsan, ES; Steele, HL; Veena, MS; Wang, MB, 2005)	3.21
"Curcumin treatment attenuated the phenylephrine-induced increase in contraction during the early stage."	( Time-dependent changes in antioxidant enzymes and vascular reactivity of aorta in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with curcumin. Balaraman, R; Majithiya, JB, 2005)	1.25
"Curcumin treatment led to a significant, dose-dependent reduction of markers of fibrosis and proteinuria, with maximal inhibition at doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg."	( Curcumin blocks fibrosis in anti-Thy 1 glomerulonephritis through up-regulation of heme oxygenase 1. Border, WA; Gaedeke, J; Noble, NA, 2005)	2.49
"Curcumin-treated HL-60 cells produced reactive oxygen species as detected by the dichlorofluorescein fluorescent assay."	( Effects of water-soluble antioxidants and MAPKK/MEK inhibitor on curcumin-induced apoptosis in HL-60 human leukemic cells. Banjerdpongchai, R; Wilairat, P, )	1.09
"Curcumin treatment resulted not only in a significant reduction in the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, but also effected the inhibition of invasive ability in vitro."	( The effects of curcumin on the invasiveness of prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. Ahn, KS; Bae, E; Choi, HY; Hong, JH; Jeon, SS, 2006)	1.41
"Curcumin treatment in deltaF508-CFTR mice partially reversed the defect in ATP sensitivity."	( CFTR is required for PKA-regulated ATP sensitivity of Kir1.1 potassium channels in mouse kidney. Boulpaep, EL; Caplan, MJ; Egan, ME; Giebisch, GH; Hebert, SC; Leng, Q; Lu, M, 2006)	1.06
"Curcumin treatment inhibited expression of NFkappaB anti-apoptotic target genes in mock-transfected and in p65-overexpressing HCT116 cells, although expression levels remained higher in the latter."	( Overexpression of p65/RelA potentiates curcumin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Campbell, FC; Collett, GP, 2006)	1.32
"Curcumin treatment causes the de-phosphorylation/inactivation of constitutively active AKT, FOXO transcription factor and GSK3."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis via inhibition of PI3'-kinase/AKT pathway in acute T cell leukemias. Al Kuraya, K; Al-Hussein, KA; Al-Rasheed, M; Hussain, AR; Manogaran, PS; Platanias, LC; Uddin, S, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment also reduced the TAA-induced elevated hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and inhibited the nuclear binding of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) protein expression."	( Curcumin ameliorates acute thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Aeed, H; Ashkenazi, M; Bruck, R; Shahmurov, M; Shapiro, H; Weizman, N, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment was given to two sets of rats: (i) one set receiving simultaneous CS+EtOH and (ii) one set of normal rats without any administration."	( Curcumin combats against cigarette smoke and ethanol-induced lipid alterations in rat lung and liver. Sudha, N; Vanisree, AJ, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment caused an up to sevenfold, concentration-dependent increase in LDL-receptor mRNA, whereas mRNAs of the genes encoding the sterol biosynthetic enzymes HMG CoA reductase and farnesyl diphosphate synthase were only slightly increased at high curcumin concentrations where cell viability was reduced."	( Curcumin induces changes in expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Koerting, R; Nass, N; Peschel, D, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin treated wounds were found to heal much faster as indicated by improved rates of epithelialisation, wound contraction and increased tensile strength which were also confirmed by histopathological examinations."	( Curcumin improves wound healing by modulating collagen and decreasing reactive oxygen species. Gayathri, VS; Miriyala, S; Panchatcharam, M; Suguna, L, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin-treated mice also exhibited relative decreases in aortic tissue activator protein-1 and nuclear factor kappaB DNA binding activities and significantly lower aortic tissue concentrations of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (all p < 0.05)."	( Oral administration of diferuloylmethane (curcumin) suppresses proinflammatory cytokines and destructive connective tissue remodeling in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ennis, TL; Mao, D; Pagano, MB; Parodi, FE; Thompson, RW, 2006)	1.32
"Curcumin treatment (up to 1 microM for 24 h) increased chymotrypsin-like activity by 46% compared to that in untreated keratinocytes."	( Curcumin's biphasic hormetic response on proteasome activity and heat-shock protein synthesis in human keratinocytes. Ali, RE; Rattan, SI, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment reduced basal nuclear NF-kappaB levels and 1 microM curcumin augmented both vinca alkaloid and PDE4 inhibitor-induced apoptosis in B-CLL cells."	( Preclinical assessment of curcumin as a potential therapy for B-CLL. Everett, PC; Lerner, A; Makkinje, A; Meyers, JA; Rabbi, M, 2007)	1.36
"Curcumin pretreatment (1, 5 and 10microg/ml) significantly decreased the frequency of MN and DC."	( Protective effect of curcumin on gamma-radiation induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in cultured human lymphocytes. Menon, VP; Rajendra Prasad, N; Srinivasan, M, 2006)	1.37
"Curcumin treatment led to decreased expression of NF-kappaB and COX-2."	( Curcumin down regulates smokeless tobacco-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression in human oral premalignant and cancer cells. Aggarwal, BB; Kaur, J; Ralhan, R; Sharma, C; Shishodia, S, 2006)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment also resulted in damage of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, probably due to the elevation of intracellular ROS."	( Cytotoxic effect of curcumin on malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum: inhibition of histone acetylation and generation of reactive oxygen species. Cui, L; Miao, J, 2007)	1.38
"Curcumin treatment inhibits the novel protein kinase C-, Ras-, and MEKK1-dependent activation of hINV promoter activity and reduces the differentiation agent-dependent increase in AP1 factor level and DNA binding."	( Curcumin suppresses AP1 transcription factor-dependent differentiation and activates apoptosis in human epidermal keratinocytes. Balasubramanian, S; Eckert, RL, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin pretreatment protects brain mitochondria against peroxynitrite in vitro by direct detoxification and prevention of 3-nitrotyrosine formation and in vivo by elevation of total cellular glutathione levels."	( Mitochondrial complex I inhibition in Parkinson's disease: how can curcumin protect mitochondria? Andersen, J; Bharath, MM; Jagatha, B; Mythri, RB; Pradhan, N, 2007)	1.3
"Curcumin treatment resulted an increase in the protein levels of both Bax and Bak, and mitochondrial translocation and activation of Bax in MEFs to trigger drop in mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic release of apoptogenic molecules [cytochrome c and second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac)/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein-binding protein with low isoelectric point], activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and ultimately apoptosis."	( Bax and Bak genes are essential for maximum apoptotic response by curcumin, a polyphenolic compound and cancer chemopreventive agent derived from turmeric, Curcuma longa. Shankar, S; Srivastava, RK, 2007)	1.3
"Curcumin-treated cells disposed to a designated amount of androgen analog R1881 and the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist flutamide, then the expression of NKX3.1 or the activity of the NKX3.1 promoter were investigated by Western blotting or reporter gene assay, respectively."	( Curcumin downregulates homeobox gene NKX3.1 in prostate cancer cell LNCaP. Chen, WW; Deng, JT; Jiang, AL; Kong, F; Young, CY; Yu, CX; Zhang, HN; Zhang, JY; Zhang, PJ, 2007)	2.5
"Curcumin treatment had no effect on pre existing liver cirrhosis."	( Prevention of liver cirrhosis in rats by curcumin. Aeed, H; Ashkenazi, M; Bruck, R; Genina, O; Goldiner, I; Helpern, Z; Pines, M; Shapiro, H; Weiss, S, 2007)	1.33
"Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced changes in these indices."	( Protective effect of curcumin on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats. Jin, S; Li, X; Lian, Q; Ma, L; Shang, Y; Yao, S, 2006)	1.37
"Curcumin treatment ameliorates colonic damage in DNCB induced colitic rats, an effect associated with an improvement in intestinal oxidative stress and downregulation of colonic NFkappa-B and iNOS expression."	( NCB-02 (standardized Curcumin preparation) protects dinitrochlorobenzene- induced colitis through down-regulation of NFkappa-B and iNOS. Babu, UV; Gopumadhavan, S; Mitra, SK; Peer, G; Rafiq, M; Venkataranganna, MV, 2007)	2.1
"Curcumin treatment (200 mg/kg, p.o.) was given before and 2 h after CCl4 administration."	( Curcumin protects against acute liver damage in the rat by inhibiting NF-kappaB, proinflammatory cytokines production and oxidative stress. Moreno, MG; Muriel, P; Reyes-Gordillo, K; Segovia, J; Shibayama, M; Vergara, P, 2007)	2.5
"Both curcumin and complex treatment in sham-irradiated mice decreased the levels of GSH and total thiols, whereas there was an increase in the levels of catalase, GST and SOD compared to normal control."	( Effect of curcumin and curcumin copper complex (1:1) on radiation-induced changes of anti-oxidant enzymes levels in the livers of Swiss albino mice. Barik, A; Koiram, PR; Kunwar, A; Mazhuvancherry, UK; Mishra, B; Priyadarsini, IK; Veerapur, VP, 2007)	1.2
"Curcumin treatment also reduced wound-healing time, improved collagen deposition and increased fibroblast and vascular density in wounds thereby enhancing both normal and impaired wound-healing."	( Beneficial role of curcumin in skin diseases. Maheshwari, RK; Sharma, A; Thangapazham, RL, 2007)	1.39
"In curcumin-treated larvae, fluorescence signals of curcumin were found in edamae sac and some skin cells."	( Curcumin affects development of zebrafish embryo. Ken, CF; Lin, CY; Lin, TW; Wen, YD; Wu, JY, 2007)	2.3
"Curcumin and melatonin treatments, on the other hand, maintained the mitochondrial redox and respiratory functions without a marked effect on ROS production and cell viability."	( Alterations in mitochondrial respiratory functions, redox metabolism and apoptosis by oxidant 4-hydroxynonenal and antioxidants curcumin and melatonin in PC12 cells. Benedict, S; Brown, EM; John, A; Kambal, A; Raza, H, 2008)	1.27
"Curcumin treatment significantly and dose-dependently restored renal function, reduced lipid peroxidation, and enhanced the levels of reduced glutathione and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase."	( Effect of curcumin on inflammation and oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. Chopra, K; Kuhad, A; Pilkhwal, S; Sharma, S; Tirkey, N, 2007)	1.46
"Curcumin treatment also resulted in cleavage of caspase-3 and poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase."	( Cytotoxic effects of curcumin on osteosarcoma cell lines. Born, W; Fuchs, B; Langsam, B; Muff, R; Walters, DK, 2008)	1.39
"Curcumin pretreatment decreased significantly ROS and JNK/SAPK levels as well as the apoptosis rate when compared with the CuSO4-treated alone group (P < 0.01)."	( [Relationship between copper injury and apoptosis and the effect of curcumin on copper-injured BRL cells]. Luo, XP; Wan, XH, 2007)	1.3
"Curcumin treated islets also showed significant inhibition of ROS generation as compared to islets cryopreserved without curcumin."	( Curcumin treatment enhances islet recovery by induction of heat shock response proteins, Hsp70 and heme oxygenase-1, during cryopreservation. Bhonde, RR; Kanitkar, M, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin treatment significantly decreased tumor protein levels of EGFR and Akt, however the expression of these proteins was not further decreased following combination treatment."	( The combination of epigallocatechin gallate and curcumin suppresses ER alpha-breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Le Nedelec, MJ; Rosengren, RJ; Scandlyn, MJ; Somers-Edgar, TJ; Stuart, EC; Valentine, SP, 2008)	1.32
"Curcumin treatment resulted in significantly decreased DAI, CMDI, HS and lowered activities of D-lactate, ICAM-1 and MPO in comparison with the model group (P<0.01)."	( [Protective effect of curcumin against methotrexate-induced small intestinal damage in rats]. Song, WB; Xiao, B; Zhang, ZS, 2008)	1.38
"Curcumin treatment could reduce the expression of PDGF-BB, P < 0.05."	( [The study of therapeutic effects of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis and variation of correlated cytokine]. Fang, L; He, YJ; Lu, X; Shu, JC; Wang, HL; Ye, GR, 2007)	1.33
"Curcumin pretreatment mitigated LPS-induced DA neurotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner and curcumin post-treatment also showed protective effect."	( Curcumin protects dopaminergic neuron against LPS induced neurotoxicity in primary rat neuron/glia culture. Block, M; Hong, JS; Hu, X; Liu, J; Qian, S; Wilson, B; Yang, S; Yang, Z; Zhang, D, 2008)	2.51
"Curcumin treatment also significantly reduced macrophage infiltration of white adipose tissue, increased adipose tissue adiponectin production, and decreased hepatic nuclear factor-kappaB activity, hepatomegaly, and markers of hepatic inflammation."	( Dietary curcumin significantly improves obesity-associated inflammation and diabetes in mouse models of diabesity. Leibel, R; Tortoriello, DV; Weisberg, SP, 2008)	1.5
"Curcumin or turmeric treated groups showed a decrease in the enzyme activity by 22.0 and 19.2%, respectively, when compared to the zero time in each group."	( Effect of retinol deficiency and curcumin or turmeric feeding on brain Na(+)-K+ adenosine triphosphatase activity. Kaul, S; Krishnakanth, TP, 1994)	1.29
"Curcumin pretreatment did not prevent the increase in MPO activity while quinidine did."	( Prevention of ischaemia-induced biochemical changes by curcumin & quinidine in the cat heart. Dikshit, M; Rastogi, L; Shukla, R; Srimal, RC, 1995)	1.26
"Curcumin treatment returned the activity levels almost to normal, showing that curcumin restored the normal function of the membrane."	( Effect of curcumin on certain lysosomal hydrolases in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Nirmala, C; Puvanakrishnan, R, 1996)	1.42
"Curcumin treatment however did not alter the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins."	( Differential regulation of p53, c-Myc, Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression during apoptosis induced by widely divergent stimuli in human hepatoblastoma cells. Jiang, MC; Lin, JK; Yang-Yen, HF; Yen, JJ, 1996)	1.02
"Curcumin pre- and co-treatment decreased the severity of pathological changes and thus, could have a protective effect against the damage caused by myocardial infarction (MI)."	( Protective role of curcumin against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Nirmala, C; Puvanakrishnan, R, 1996)	1.34
"Curcumin treatment caused a significant induction of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) isozyme rGST8-8 in rat lens epithelium."	( Curcumin protects against 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal-induced cataract formation in rat lenses. Awasthi, S; Awasthi, YC; Chaubey, M; Piper, JT; Singhal, SS; Srivatava, SK, 1996)	2.46
"Curcumin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in lavage fluid biomarkers."	( Curcumin protects bleomycin-induced lung injury in rats. Chandrakasan, G; Punithavathi, V; Venkatesan, N, 1997)	2.46
"Curcumin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of tube formation when the cells were treated before plating or at the time of plating on Matrigel."	( Inhibition of angiogenic differentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by curcumin. Kleinman, HK; Maheshwari, RK; Prasad, PV; Sidhu, GS; Singh, AK; Thaloor, D, 1998)	1.24
"Curcumin treatment (200 mg kg(-1), seven days before and two days following ADR) significantly ameliorated the early manifestation of cardiotoxicity (ST segment elevation and an increase in heart rate) and prevented the rise in serum CK and LDH exerted by ADR."	( Curcumin attenuation of acute adriamycin myocardial toxicity in rats. Venkatesan, N, 1998)	2.46
"Curcumin-treated cells exhibit typical features of apoptotic cell death, including shrinkage, transient phosphatidylserine exposure, increased membrane permeability and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential."	( Apoptosis-like, reversible changes in plasma membrane asymmetry and permeability, and transient modifications in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by curcumin in rat thymocytes. Bandorowicz-Pikuła, J; Bartosz, G; Chrul, S; Cossarizza, A; Dobrucki, J; Franceschi, C; Jaruga, E; Salvioli, S; Sikora, E, 1998)	1.22
"Curcumin, when treated along with cisplatin brought back the enzyme levels to near the control values."	( Dietary curcumin with cisplatin administration modulates tumour marker indices in experimental fibrosarcoma. Navis, I; Premalatha, B; Sriganth, P, 1999)	1.46
"Curcumin treatment caused a reduction in the expression of Ki67, PCNA, and p53 mRNAs in breast cancer cells."	( Differential sensitivity of human mammary epithelial and breast carcinoma cell lines to curcumin. Ramachandran, C; You, W, 1999)	1.25
"Curcumin and catechin treatment (10 microg/ml) significantly inhibited the invasion of B16F-10 melanoma cells across the collagen matrix of the Boyden chamber."	( Anti-metastatic activity of curcumin and catechin. Kuttan, G; Kuttan, R; Menon, LG, 1999)	1.32
"Curcumin treatment resulted in the hyperproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi(m)) and cytochrome c release to the cytosol, with the concomitant exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) residues on the cell surface."	( Curcumin mediated apoptosis in AK-5 tumor cells involves the production of reactive oxygen intermediates. Anjum, R; Bhaumik, S; Khar, A; Pardhasaradhi, BV; Rangaraj, N, 1999)	2.47
"Curcumin pre- and co-treatment with ISO reversed these changes and attenuated the development of cardiac hypertrophy two weeks after the second dose of ISO."	( Curcumin treatment modulates collagen metabolism in isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Anand, S; Nirmala, C; Puvanakrishnan, R, 1999)	2.47
"3 Curcumin-pretreated macrophages reduced their ability to induce IFN-gamma and increased the ability to induce IL-4 in Ag-primed CD4+ T cells."	( Curcumin inhibits Th1 cytokine profile in CD4+ T cells by suppressing interleukin-12 production in macrophages. Choe, YK; Hwang, SY; Kang, BY; Kim, KM; Kim, TS; Song, YJ, 1999)	2.3
"Curcumin treatment resulted in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H-ras MCF10A cells."	( Inhibition of invasion and induction of apoptosis by curcumin in H-ras-transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Kang, HJ; Kim, MS; Moon, A, 2001)	1.28
"Curcumin treatment also induced BID cleavage and mitochondrial cytochrome c release in neo cells but not in Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl-transfected cells."	( Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8, BID cleavage and cytochrome c release: its suppression by ectopic expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Aggarwal, BB; Anto, RJ; Denning, K; Mukhopadhyay, A, 2002)	2.48
"Treatment with curcumin improved renal microcirculation at 24h by measurement of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) quantitative parameters [peak intensity (PI); half of descending time (DT/2); area under curve (AUC); P < 0.05]."	( The Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin in Early Septic Acute Kidney Injury: An Experimental Study. Li, Q; Luo, Y; Wang, S; Zhang, Y; Zhao, P; Zhu, J; Zhu, L, 2021)	1.26
"Pretreatment with curcumin prevents MIN6 cells from HO-induced cell apoptosis."	( Curcumin ameliorates HO-induced injury through SIRT1-PERK-CHOP pathway in pancreatic beta cells. Cao, Z; Duan, T; Hu, X; Huang, D; Tang, C; Wu, Z, 2022)	2.49
"Pretreatment with curcumin restored Prdx6 downregulation and inhibited NF-κB pathway activation by suppressing the nuclear translocation of P65, eventually reducing inflammation and oxidative stress damage in A549 cells."	( Peroxiredoxin 6 mediates the protective function of curcumin pretreatment in acute lung injury induced by serum from patients undergoing one-lung ventilation in vitro. Cao, LH; Chi, XJ; Li, HT; Lin, WQ; Tan, F; Tan, HY; Zeng, WA; Zhang, TH, 2022)	1.3
"Pretreatment with curcumin attenuate LPS-induced BBB permeability and brain water content."	( Curcumin mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors, blood-brain barrier dysfunction and brain edema by decreasing cerebral oxidative stress in male rats. Basir, Z; Farbood, Y; Hajipour, S; Khoshnam, SE; Moradi Vastegani, S; Parisa Navabi, S; Sarkaki, A, 2022)	2.49
"The treatment with curcumin preserved renal function and hemodynamics of animals with acute CKD, improving oxidative profile, with reduction of oxidants and preservation of antioxidant reserve."	( Effect of curcumin on acute chronic kidney disease due to ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Conde, C; Couto, SMF; Machado, DI; Silva, EO; Vattimo, MFF; Ventura, S, 2022)	1.45
"Treatment with curcumin for 24 h significantly attenuated pcATG4B-induced autophagy and the subsequent expression of glucose transporter 1, hexokinase II, and pyruvate kinase M2."	( Curcumin attenuates Cr (VI)-induced cell growth and migration by targeting autophagy-dependent reprogrammed metabolism. Bao, S; Cao, J; Dlamini, MB; Gao, Z; Ge, H; Geng, C; Jiang, L; Li, Q; Liu, Y; Mei, J; Shi, X, 2022)	2.5
"Cotreatment of curcumin with HG significantly increased cell viability."	( Curcumin protects PC12 cells from a high glucose-induced inflammatory response by regulating the miR-218-5p/TLR4 axis. Cui, Y; Jia, XJ; Song, HT; Wang, Y; Wei, X; Yin, X; Zhang, P, 2022)	2.5
"Treatment with curcumin and aspirin combination significantly reduced the systolic blood pressure and proteinuria in the PE rats. "	( Combining curcumin and aspirin ameliorates preeclampsia-like symptoms by inhibiting the placental TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. Feng, Y; Hou, X; Ju, Y; Wang, Y; Yang, M; Yang, Y; Zhang, X; Zhu, X, 2023)	1.67
"Pretreatment with curcumin prevented the production of PM-induced proinflammatory cytokines by deactivating NF-κB through the suppression of MAPK signaling pathways."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury through Bimodal Regulation of Macrophage Inflammation via NF-κB and Nrf2. Kim, HD; Lee, JH; Lee, MK; Lee, SH, 2023)	2.68
"Treatment with curcumin overcame this inhibition and reduced tumor progression."	( Curcumin Enhances the Efficacy of Docetaxel by Promoting Anti-Tumor Immune Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Hu, J; Liu, J; Sun, L; Yao, X; Zhang, Y, 2023)	2.69
"Treatment with curcumin led to a decrease in SPAG5 expression, while also inhibiting cell migration and promoting apoptosis."	( SPAG5, the upstream protein of Wnt and the target of curcumin, inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma. Huang, Y; Li, H; Qin, Y; Ren, B; Wang, J, 2023)	1.5
"Cotreatment with curcumin and melphalan have anti-breast cancer cells effects and represent a promising candidate for clinical testing."	( Curcumin and melphalan cotreatment induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. da Silva, JL; Dos Santos, NAN; Ferreira, C; Fialho, E; Lima, DGV; Passos, CLA; Polinati, RM, 2023)	2.68
"PL-treated curcumin at relatively higher fluence levels decreased chemical-based ORAC and ABTS antioxidant capacity, relative to control (P < 0.05)."	( Effect of pulsed light on curcumin chemical stability and antioxidant capacity. Kitts, DD; Pratap-Singh, A; Zhang, HA, 2023)	1.58
"Treatment of curcumin increased phosphorylation-phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (p-PI3K) and p-protein kinase B (p-AKT)."	( Curcumin in vitro Neuroprotective Effects Are Mediated by p62/keap-1/Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Autophagy Inhibition. Li, X; Sung, P; Yan, L; Zhang, D, 2023)	2.71
"Treatment with curcumin and nano-curcumin improves brain function in PQ toxicity and nanocurcumin was more advantageous than ordinary curcumin."	( Molecular, biochemical and histological assessment in paraquat induced neurotoxicity: restoring role of nano-curcumin in an experimental study. Asl, SS; Kheiripour, N; Mohammadi, M; Ranjbar, A; Sabahi, M; Sadeghian, Z; Tajedini, SS, 2024)	2.01
"Treatment with curcumin decreased the WT1 levels in K562 cells, and also decreased CCNA1 protein expression."	( WT1 regulates cyclin A1 expression in K562 cells. Fraizer, GC; Ghimirey, N; Kuerbitz, SJ; Moazam, M; Pandey, S, 2019)	0.85
"Treatment with curcumin resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in IL-1β-induced synthesis of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 at both mRNA and protein levels. "	( Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin, a Plant Polyphenol Extracted From Curcuma longae, in Fibroblasts From Patients With Graves' Orbitopathy. Kim, J; Lee, EJ; Lee, JS; Yoon, JS, 2019)	1.18
"Treatment with curcumin significantly increased UFV, reduced MTG and peritoneal thickness of PD rats."	( Curcumin ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis via inhibition of transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) pathway in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis. Guo, MZ; Shao, X; Zhang, T; Zhao, JL; Zhu, JJ, 2019)	2.3
"Co-treatment of curcumin and MTC with rotenone improved the walking pattern."	( Neuroprotective effects of mitochondria-targeted curcumin against rotenone-induced oxidative damage in cerebellum of mice. Hasan, W; Jain, J; Jat, D; Kori, RK; Yadav, RS, 2020)	1.15
"Treatment with curcumin reduced the UPM-mediated increase in ROS; this decrease in ROS occurred in a dose-dependent manner."	( Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by curcumin inhibits oxidative stress in human nasal fibroblasts exposed to urban particulate matter. Cho, JH; Choi, H; Kim, BG; Kim, JS; Kim, SW; Lee, DC; Lee, J; Oh, JM, 2020)	1.17
"Pre-treatment with curcumin, DPI and NAC inhibited TGF-β-induced IL-6 (p=0.04) and TNF-α (p=0.001) mRNA expression, Smad2L phosphorylation (p=0.02) and ROS production (0.03)."	( In Vitro Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-β-mediated Non-Smad Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress, and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Production with Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Abazari, O; Abbasi, M; Afrazian, MS; Asadi, A; Khanicheragh, P; Mashouri, L; Niknam, Z; Rafie Javazm, A; Shakeri, F; Yaghobi Nezhad, D, 2020)	1.2
"Pretreatment with curcumin, the survival rate climbed to 50%, while the mortality rate was 100% in the CLP group."	( Curcumin Promotes the Expression of IL-35 by Regulating Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Restrains Uncontrolled Inflammation and Lung Injury in Mice. Chai, YS; Chen, YQ; Lin, SH; Wang, CJ; Xie, K; Xu, F; Yang, YZ; Yu, F, 2020)	2.32
"Pretreated with Curcumin, NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC) or JAK2 inhibitor (AG-490) could weaken the renal histological injury and the increased serum Cys-C, Cr and BUN, IL-6 and TNF-α induced by CLP."	( Curcumin attenuates inflammation and cell apoptosis through regulating NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway against acute kidney injury. Liu, B; Wang, X; Yuan, Y; Zhu, H; Zuo, X, 2020)	2.33
"Pretreatment with curcumin improved most of the adverse effects in rats treated with CuO NPs regarding oxidative stress and inflammatory indices in kidney, and kept histopathological- and immunohistochemical-stained sections near to normal."	( Ameliorative role of curcumin on copper oxide nanoparticles-mediated renal toxicity in rats: An investigation of molecular mechanisms. Abdel Hamid, OI; El-Shal, AS; Elkhateeb, SA; Ibrahim, TR, 2020)	1.2
"Upon treatment with curcumin-loaded emulsomes (CurcuEmulsomes), curcumin and CurcuEmulsome uptake into neurons was verified by three-dimensional Z-stack images acquired with confocal microscopy."	( Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin-Loaded Emulsomes in a Laser Axotomy-Induced CNS Injury Model. Bay, S; Ozturk, G; Ucisik, MH; Yilmaz, EN, 2020)	1.17
"Co-treatment with curcumin increased gemcitabine cellular accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner, and resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity towards MIA PaCa-2cells.Both these effects were augmented by the use of PSL, particularly when the two drugs were co-loaded in PSL."	( Co-Delivery Using pH-Sensitive Liposomes to Pancreatic Cancer Cells: the Effects of Curcumin on Cellular Concentration and Pharmacokinetics of Gemcitabine. Li, Y; Paxton, JW; Wu, Z; Xu, H, 2021)	1.17
"Treatment with curcumin significantly reduced the level of FBS and HbA1c in 8 and 7 studies, respectively."	( Effect of Curcumin on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Guest, PC; Iraj, B; Mahdavi, A; Moradi, S; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.36
"Treatment with curcumin significantly reduced aphthous ulcer size (seven studies), pain intensity (eight studies), number of aphthous ulcers (three studies), erythematous halo (one study), and erythema and exudate of the aphthous (one study)."	( The Clinical Use of Curcumin for the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Bagherniya, M; Fakheran, O; Gharibpour, F; Parvaneh, A; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shirban, F, 2021)	1.28
"Treatment with curcumin significantly reduced DAS-28 scores in four out of five studies and VAS scores for pain in all three studies and significantly increased ACR-20 scores in all three studies in which it was measured."	( The Clinical Use of Curcumin for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Darand, M; Guest, PC; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2021)	1.28
"Treatment with curcumin or oxidizable analogs of curcumin may have clinical relevancy in the management of TGFβ-dependent BCa BMETs."	( Curcumin Inhibition of TGFβ signaling in bone metastatic breast cancer cells and the possible role of oxidative metabolites. Brickey, JA; Cheng, JN; Frye, JB; Funk, JL; Kunihiro, AG; Luis, PB; Schneider, C, 2022)	2.5
"Treatment with curcumin at 80 µmol/l for 48 h significantly inhibited HPF proliferation."	( Efficacy of curcumin in inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the expression of VEGF in human pterygium fibroblasts. Hao, JL; Li, HJ; Lu, CW; Yao, L; Zhou, DD, 2017)	1.17
"Co-treatment of curcumin with IL-1β significantly decreased the growth inhibition."	( Curcumin Inhibits Apoptosis of Chondrocytes through Activation ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways Induced Autophagy. Fan, Q; Feng, K; Li, J; Li, X; Tang, T; Wang, X; Yao, X; Yu, D, 2017)	2.23
"Treatment with curcumin attenuated the malathion-induced oxidative stress by significantly decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde in the tissues."	( Antioxidant effect of curcumin against exposure to malathion in Cyprinus carpio. Mişe Yonar, S; Ural, MŞ; Yonar, ME, 2017)	1.11
"Co-treatment with curcumin or α-tocopherol significantly attenuates depleted GSH, decrease in MDA and 8-OH-dG levels in propoxur exposed cells (p < 0.05)."	( Propoxur-induced oxidative DNA damage in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: protective effects of curcumin and α-tocopherol. Ahmed, T; Banerjee, BD; Goel, V, 2018)	1.02
"Treatment of curcumin effectively attenuated tobacco smoke-induced activation of ERK1/2 and JNK MAPK pathways, AP-1 proteins and EMT alterations in the mice liver."	( Effects of Curcumin on Tobacco Smoke-induced Hepatic MAPK Pathway Activation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In Vivo. Geng, S; Han, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Xu, W; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2017)	1.2
"Treatment with curcumin improved these enzyme activities in the liver."	( Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Carbofuran-Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats. Kuttan, R; Purushothaman, BP, 2017)	1.11
"Treatment with curcumin significantly could attenuate the celecoxib-induced deficits in proliferation through activating the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway."	( Celecoxib-induced inhibition of neurogenesis in fetal frontal cortex is attenuated by curcumin via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Liu, J; Sun, K; Tian, S; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Yang, X, 2017)	1.02
"Treatment with curcumin inhibited TAA development in rats, which was associated with suppression of VEGF expression."	( Curcumin attenuates the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm by inhibiting VEGF expression and inflammation. Ao, Q; Bai, S; Fan, J; Fang, Q; Hou, W; Li, X; Tian, X; Tong, H; Wang, X, 2017)	2.24
"Treatment with curcumin alone and/or in combination with deferoxamine contributed to a reduction in implant size and cell proliferation in a rat endometriosis model. "	( In vivo effects of curcumin and deferoxamine in experimental endometriosis. Cukur, Z; Kayisli, UA; Kizilay, G; Seren, G; Ulucam, E; Uz, YH; Yilmaz, A, )	0.81
"Treatment with curcumin additionally decreased expression of VEGF."	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin in human endometriosis endometrial cells via downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor. Cao, H; Guo, XP; Wei, YX; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhou, Q, 2017)	1.11
"Treatment of curcumin reversed TS-elicited activation of Wnt/β-catenin, EMT and CSCs properties."	( Curcumin reversed chronic tobacco smoke exposure induced urocystic EMT and acquisition of cancer stem cells properties via Wnt/β-catenin. Li, X; Liang, Z; Lu, L; Mao, J; Qian, H; Xu, W, 2017)	2.25
"Pre-treatment with curcumin followed by 5-Fu may mediate autophagy turnover both in vitro and in vivo via AMPK/ULK1-dependent autophagy inhibition and AKT modulation, which may account for the increased susceptibility of the colon cancer cells/xenograft to the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu."	( Curcumin synergizes with 5-fluorouracil by impairing AMPK/ULK1-dependent autophagy, AKT activity and enhancing apoptosis in colon cancer cells with tumor growth inhibition in xenograft mice. Chen, HF; Chen, XF; Jia, T; Lai, ZL; Sun, WQ; Wang, A; Zhang, J; Zhang, M; Zhang, P; Zhao, Z; Zhu, XM, 2017)	2.23
"Co-treatment of curcumin and 5-FU reduced the lipid-peroxidation and increased MDA/SOD level."	( Phytosomal-curcumin antagonizes cell growth and migration, induced by thrombin through AMP-Kinase in breast cancer. Avan, A; Behnam-Rassouli, R; Boromand, N; Fiuji, H; Hashemzehi, M; Hassanian, SM; Jafari, M; Jamili, M; Khazaei, M; Mirahmadi, M; Moradi-Binabaj, M; Moradi-Marjaneh, R; Piran, M; Rahmani, F; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	1.2
"Pre-treatment with curcumin reduced the expression level of TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), IL6, and TNFa in pancreas in SAP rats."	( Curcumin Attenuates Inflammation in a Severe Acute Pancreatitis Animal Model by Regulating TRAF1/ASK1 Signaling. Guo, X; Qin, R; Wang, M; Yu, S, 2018)	2.24
"Treatment with curcumin ameliorated sodium arsenite induced alterations in the levels of NMDA receptors, its receptor subunits and synaptic proteins - pCaMKIIα, PSD-95 and SynGAP both in vivo and in vitro."	( PI3K/Akt/GSK3β induced CREB activation ameliorates arsenic mediated alterations in NMDA receptors and associated signaling in rat hippocampus: Neuroprotective role of curcumin. Dhuriya, YK; Dwivedi, HN; Gupta, R; Khanna, VK; Kumar, V; Pant, AB; Shukla, RK; Srivastava, A; Srivastava, P; Yadav, RS, 2018)	1.02
"Co-treatment with curcumin markedly reduced apoptosis and ROS production, together with increased MMP and Bcl2/Bax protein ratio."	( The effect of curcumin and PI3K/Akt inhibitor on monosodium glutamate-induced rat thymocytes toxicity. Cojbasic, I; Pavlovic, V; Vucic, J; Vucic, M, 2018)	1.17
"Pre-treatment with curcumin significantly ameliorated inflammation and apoptosis induced by cisplatin."	( Pre-Treatment with Curcumin Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Damage by Suppressing Kidney Inflammation and Apoptosis in Rats. Estuningtyas, A; Louisa, M; Pandhita, BAW; Rahmi, DNI; Sari, SDP; Soetikno, V; Sumbung, NK; Ul Maknun, L, 2019)	1.16
"Co-treatment with curcumin-I inverted these damages and exhibited a significant neuroprotective potential, thus, both TH expression and locomotor performance was reinstated in intoxicated rats."	( Neuronal, astroglial and locomotor injuries in subchronic copper intoxicated rats are repaired by curcumin: A possible link with Parkinson's disease. Abbaoui, A; Gamrani, H, 2018)	1.02
"Treatment with curcumin for 10 days distinctly alleviated airway inflammation and airway remolding in LC-induced COPD mice according to the lung H&E histopathological examination."	( Curcumin Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Airway Remolding by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling and COX-2 in Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD Mice. Liu, R; Ma, Y; Xie, Z; Yuan, J; Zhang, Z, 2018)	2.26
"Pretreatment of curcumin in the LPS-induced mice effectively reestablished the neuronal cell morphology, attenuated the expression of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sE-Selectin, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 in the maternal serum, decreased the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-1 beta and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 in the brain, and suppressed interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA transcription in the amniotic fluid."	( Curcumin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in fetal mouse brain. Chen, H; Chen, W; Jiang, H; Tang, Y; Wang, H, 2018)	2.26
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly sensitized ESCC cells to IR in a dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin sensitized the antitumour effects of irradiation in promoting apoptosis of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma through NF-κB signalling pathway. Li, M; Liu, G; Wang, Y, 2018)	2.25
"Pretreatment with Curcumin significantly alleviated liver injury while improving liver function and overall post-transplantation survival compared with the control groups."	( Activation of PPARγ by Curcumin protects mice from ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by orthotopic liver transplantation via modulating polarization of Kupffer cells. Cheng, Y; Gong, J; Liu, Y; Miao, C; Wang, M; Zhang, W, 2018)	1.12
"Pretreatment with curcumin increased the fraction of doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cells from 21.76 ± 0.50 to 57.74 ± 2.68%."	( Combined effects of curcumin and doxorubicin on cell death and cell migration of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Jaroonwitchawan, T; Namkaew, J; Noisa, P; Rujanapun, N; Saelee, J, 2018)	1.13
"Treatment with curcumin could attenuate these changes."	( Evaluating the Radioprotective Effect of Curcumin on Rat's Heart Tissues. Amini, P; Kolivand, S; Motevaseli, E; Musa, AE; Najafi, M; Nouruzi, F; Rezapoor, S; Saffar, H; Shabeeb, D, 2019)	1.12
"Treating with curcumin can significantly reduce joint diameter and Mankin's score, and increase the paw withdrawal threshold."	( Curcumin reduces inflammation in knee osteoarthritis rats through blocking TLR4 /MyD88/NF-κB signal pathway. Zeng, Y; Zhang, Y, 2019)	2.3
"Co-treatment with curcumin-I (30 mg/kg B.W) has shown a beneficial effect, reinstating both SCO secretory activity and serotoninergic innervation damaged by Cu exposure."	( Subcommissural organ-Reissner's fiber complex plasticity in two animal models of copper intoxication and modulatory effect of curcumin: Involvement of serotonin. Abbaoui, A; El Fari, R; Gamrani, H; Tamegart, L, 2019)	1.04
"Treatment with curcumin also increased the expression of P4HB and PRDX4 in the tissue of the small intestine."	( Protective effect of curcumin against irinotecan‑induced intestinal mucosal injury via attenuation of NF‑κB activation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Lu, Y; Luo, Z; Ouyang, M; Wu, J; Yao, X; Zhang, W; Zhu, D, 2019)	1.17
"Pre-treatment of curcumin and MTC along with rotenone in the isolated mitochondria significantly reduce the oxidative stress as compared to those treated with rotenone alone."	( Synthesis, characterization and efficacy of mitochondrial targeted delivery of TPP-curcumin in rotenone-induced toxicity. Hasan, W; Jat, D; Kori, RK; Thakre, K; Yadav, RS, 2019)	1.07
"Co-treatment with curcumin or taurine with BPA led to reduce in MDA and increased GPx, GST, CAT, SOD activities compared to BPA group."	( Testicular toxicity of orally administrated bisphenol A in rats and protective role of taurine and curcumin. Apaydin, FG; Kalender, S; Kalender, Y, 2019)	1.05
"Pretreatment with curcumin (2, 5, 10 and 20 μM for 3, 6, 12 or 24 h) protected against MeHg-induced (5 μM for 6 h) cell death in a time and dose-dependent manner."	( Curcumin protects against methylmercury-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway independently of PKCδ. Aschner, M; Bai, Y; Cai, J; Feng, Y; Jiang, Y; Li, F; Lu, R; Qian, H; Wang, Q; Wang, S; Xing, G; Yang, B; Yin, C; Zhang, Y; Zhou, Y, 2019)	2.28
"Thus treatment with curcumin may have a potential therapeutic agent for aging-related cognitive dysfunctions."	( Neurobiological and pharmacological validity of curcumin in ameliorating memory performance of senescence-accelerated mice. Chen, SX; Cui, HR; Dai, KY; Qi, SS; Sun, CY; Tang, ML; Zhou, P, 2013)	0.96
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly reduced survival in both cells; HCT116+ch3 cells were considerably more sensitive to treatment with curcumin and/or 5-FU than wild-type HCT116 cells."	( Curcumin enhances the effect of chemotherapy against colorectal cancer cells by inhibition of NF-κB and Src protein kinase signaling pathways. Busch, F; Goel, A; Lueders, C; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M; Shayan, P, 2013)	2.16
"Treatment with curcumin attenuated alloreactive T cell proliferation and inhibited the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17."	( Curcumin attenuates acute graft-versus-host disease severity via in vivo regulations on Th1, Th17 and regulatory T cells. Cho, ML; Cho, SG; Kim, HY; Lee, SH; Min, JK; Moon, SJ; Park, MJ; Park, SH; Yang, CW; Yang, EJ, 2013)	2.17
"Pretreatment of curcumin and curcumin plus piperine before administration of BaP significantly decreased the activities of EROD, PROD, and the level of BaPDE-DNA adducts with consequent increase in QR activities."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin in conjunction with piperine on benzo(a)pyrene-mediated DNA adducts and biotransformation enzymes. Dhawan, DK; Jain, M; Kumar, M; Sehgal, A, 2013)	1.04
"Pretreatment with curcumin (1-µM) dose-dependently attenuated rotenone and/or salsolinol-induced toxicity and the associated apoptosis."	( Protective effects of curcumin against rotenone and salsolinol-induced toxicity: implications for Parkinson's disease. Brown, D; Hurley, LL; Qualls, Z; Ramlochansingh, C; Tizabi, Y, 2014)	1.04
"The treatment with curcumin was also found to attenuate the QS-dependent factors, such as exopolysaccharide production, alginate production, swimming and swarming motility of uropathogens."	( Inhibition of biofilm development of uropathogens by curcumin - an anti-quorum sensing agent from Curcuma longa. Packiavathy, IA; Pandian, SK; Priya, S; Ravi, AV, 2014)	0.97
"Pre-treatment with curcumin significantly enhanced the effect of 5-FU on HCT116R and HCR116+ch3R cells, in contrast to 5-FU alone as evidenced by increased disintegration of colonospheres, enhanced apoptosis and by inhibiting their growth. "	( Curcumin chemosensitizes 5-fluorouracil resistant MMR-deficient human colon cancer cells in high density cultures. Buhrmann, C; Goel, A; Kraehe, P; Lueders, C; Shakibaei, M; Shayan, P, 2014)	2.17
"Pretreatment with curcumin markedly attenuated S. aureus-induced pneumonia, barrier disruption, lung edema and vascular leakage. "	( Curcumin attenuates staphylococcus aureus-induced acute lung injury. Diao, R; Kang, Y; Liu, J; Shi, L; Wang, X; Xu, F, 2015)	2.19
"Treatment with curcumin after SCI markedly downregulated the levels of these agents and ameliorated SCI-induced hindlimb locomotion deficits, spinal cord edema, and apoptosis."	( Curcumin inhibits the increase of labile zinc and the expression of inflammatory cytokines after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Jiang, J; Jin, W; Liang, W; Ma, Z; Ni, H; Wang, J; Yuan, B; Zhu, T, 2014)	2.18
"Treatment with curcumin or EF-24 resulted in nuclear condensation and fragmentation in the cells."	( Induction of apoptosis by diphenyldifluoroketone in osteogenic sarcoma cells is associated with activation of caspases. Chun, HS; Kim, CS; Kim, DK; Kim, HJ; Kim, JS; Kim, SG; Kim, YH; Lee, SA; Oh, JS; Park, MG; Yang, SJ; Yu, SK, 2014)	0.74
"Treatment with curcumin following SCI markedly down-regulated the levels of these agents related to the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway."	( Curcumin modulates TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Jiang, J; Jin, W; Liang, W; Ma, Z; Ni, H; Wang, J; Yuan, B; Zhu, T, 2015)	2.2
"The treatment of curcumin (20 μM) inhibited the increased production of IL-1β both at the protein and mRNA levels."	( Curcumin attenuates ischemia-like injury induced IL-1β elevation in brain microvascular endothelial cells via inhibiting MAPK pathways and nuclear factor-κB activation. Dong, HJ; Peng, DW; Shang, CZ; Wang, P; Xu, J; Xu, PX; Zhan, L, 2014)	2.17
"Co-treatment with curcumin and NVP-BEZ235 led to the down-regulation of Mcl-1 protein expression but not mRNA expression."	( Curcumin significantly enhances dual PI3K/Akt and mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235-induced apoptosis in human renal carcinoma Caki cells through down-regulation of p53-dependent Bcl-2 expression and inhibition of Mcl-1 protein stability. Cho, IJ; Kim, SC; Kwon, TK; Min, KJ; Seo, BR, 2014)	2.17
"Treatment with curcumin markedly improved RV/TLC, Cchord, and MMEF and decreased RI (P < .05)."	( Curcumin attenuates liver warm ischemia and reperfusion-induced combined restrictive and obstructive lung disease by reducing matrix metalloprotease 9 activity. Wang, JJ; Wu, NC, 2014)	2.18
"Treatment with curcuminoids was associated with significantly greater reductions in WOMAC (p = 0.001), VAS (p < 0.001) and LPFI (p = 0.013) scores compared with placebo."	( Curcuminoid treatment for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Alishiri, G; Panahi, Y; Rahimnia, AR; Saburi, A; Sahebkar, A; Sharafi, M, 2014)	2.18
"The treatment with curcumin was globally well tolerated. "	( Decrease of a specific biomarker of collagen degradation in osteoarthritis, Coll2-1, by treatment with highly bioavailable curcumin during an exploratory clinical trial. Albert, A; Bonnet, V; Castermans, C; Dierckxsens, Y; Gharbi, M; Henrotin, Y; Heuse, E; Marty, M; Priem, F; Seidel, L, 2014)	0.94
"Pretreatment with curcumin (50mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days reversed LPS-induced alterations in the FST, TST, and sucrose preference test."	( The effects of curcumin on depressive-like behavior in mice after lipopolysaccharide administration. Li, G; Liu, D; Liu, L; Wang, S; Wang, Z; Yang, X; Yuan, L; Zhang, Q, 2014)	1.08
"Treatment with curcumin suppressed ACE expression in TAA liver and reversed the toxicity produced."	( Effects of curcumin on angiotensin-converting enzyme gene expression, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Fatima, SN; Fazal, Y; Mahboob, T; Shahid, SM, 2015)	1.15
"Pretreatment with curcumin markedly reduced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (micronuclei formation) IAA in HepG2 cells."	( Iodoacetic acid activates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response in vitro and in vivo. Andersen, ME; He, G; Jiang, S; Liu, X; Lu, D; Pi, J; Qu, W; Tan, H; Wang, S; Xue, P; Zhang, Q; Zheng, W, 2014)	0.73
"Treatment with curcumin resulted in a significant decrease of monomeric TTR by recovering autophagy."	( Curcumin could reduce the monomer of TTR with Tyr114Cys mutation via autophagy in cell model of familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Cao, L; Chen, SD; Li, H; Wu, L; Xiong, R; Zhang, B; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Z, 2014)	2.18
"Co-treatment of curcumin improved antiproliferative effect of EGCG on PC3 cells."	( Synergistic effect of curcumin on epigallocatechin gallate-induced anticancer action in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Cheon, GJ; Eom, DW; Ham, J; Hwang, GS; Jang, HJ; Kang, KS; Kim, KH; Kim, SN; Kim, YJ; Kwak, JH; Lee, JH; Yamabe, N, 2015)	1.07
"Treatment with curcumin reduced blood glucose level, increased plasma insulin and mitigated oxidative stress related markers."	( Curcumin enhances recovery of pancreatic islets from cellular stress induced inflammation and apoptosis in diabetic rats. Rashid, K; Sil, PC, 2015)	2.2
"Treatment with curcumin decreased the expression of all these mediators."	( Curcumin inhibits gastric inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. Benejat, L; Chaves, P; Floch, P; Gato, IV; Guerreiro, AS; Lopes, T; Machado, J; Oleastro, M; Pereira, T; Santos, AM; Seixas, E, 2015)	2.2
"The treatment with curcumin prevented a rise in the serum urea, creatinine and MDA levels when compared to the control group kidneys (p<0.05)."	( The renoprotective effect of curcumin in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Aygen, B; Dogukan, A; Gozel, N; Gurel, A; Ilhan, N; Ugur, S; Ulu, R; Yigit, IP, 2015)	1.03
"Treatment with curcumin did not protect the animals against the structural changes of the ventricle."	( Sodium metabisulphite, a preservative agent, decreases the heart capillary volume and length, and curcumin, the main component of Curcuma longa, cannot protect it. Asadi-Golshan, R; Karbalay-Doust, S; Monjezi, S; Noorafshan, A, 2014)	0.96
"Treatment with curcumin plus etoposide led to a decrease in the number of promyelocytes to the normal values occurring in healthy individuals."	( The dual effect of curcumin on etoposide action in leukemic and healthy bone marrow cells of rats with acute myeloid leukemia. Krzyściak, W; Papiez, MA, 2014)	1.07
"Pretreatment with curcumin (100 μM) recovered the shortened lifespan caused by irradiation and increased eclosion rate."	( Curcumin mitigates accelerated aging after irradiation in Drosophila by reducing oxidative stress. Jin, YW; Lee, KS; Min, KJ; Park, S; Seong, KM; Yu, M, 2015)	2.18
"Treatment with curcumin downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, and elevated the phosphorylation level of IP3R in a concentration-dependent manner."	( Curcumin induces the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells through a calcium signaling pathway. Chen, D; Chen, G; Xu, X; Ye, B; Zhong, F, 2015)	2.2
"Treatment with curcumin at a doses of more than 15 umol/L for more than 24 hour inhibited the growth of A431 cells in a time-and dose-dependent fashion (p<0.001). "	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin on invasion of skin squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells. Cui, LL; Lu, WY; Wu, J, 2015)	1.09
"Pre-treatment with curcumin prevented disruption of the mucosal barrier by maintaining ZO-1 and occludin expression and maintained trans-epithelial electric resistance across the genital epithelium."	( The anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin protects the genital mucosal epithelial barrier from disruption and blocks replication of HIV-1 and HSV-2. Dizzell, SE; Ferreira, VH; Kaushic, C; Mueller, K; Nazli, A, 2015)	1.02
"Treatment with curcumin attenuated modeled microgravity-induced bone loss, possibly through abating oxidative stress and activating vitamin D receptor. "	( Attenuation of hind-limb suspension-induced bone loss by curcumin is associated with reduced oxidative stress and increased vitamin D receptor expression. Chen, S; Wang, J; Xin, M; Yang, Y; Zhang, D; Zhou, D, 2015)	1.02
"Treatment of curcumin effectively abrogated TS-triggered gastric activation of ERK1/2 and JNK MAPK pathways, AP-1 proteins, and EMT alterations."	( Curcumin Suppresses MAPK Pathways to Reverse Tobacco Smoke-induced Gastric Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Mice. Geng, H; Geng, S; Han, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Liang, Z; Ma, X; Wu, J; Wu, R; Xie, C; Xie, W; Zhao, L; Zhong, C; Zhu, J; Zhu, M; Zhu, W, 2015)	2.21
"With Treatment of curcumin, pathology and BALF protein of lung tissue were improved clearly."	( Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of curcumin on acute lung injury in a rodent model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion by inhibiting the pathway of NF-Kb. Fan, Z; Hu, X; Li, Y; Shao, H; Tian, X; Yao, J, 2015)	1
"Pretreatment with curcumin decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in H2O2-treated HUVECs."	( Curcumin Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Premature Senescence via the Activation of SIRT1 in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Hu, G; Hu, X; Jiang, H; Sun, Y; Xu, C, 2015)	2.18
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly decreased α2-adrenergic receptor expression."	( Curcumin pretreatment mediates antidiabetogenesis via functional regulation of adrenergic receptor subtypes in the pancreas of multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Anju, TR; Jayanarayanan, S; Naijil, G; Paulose, CS, 2015)	2.18
"Co-treatment with curcumin significantly attenuated the ET-1 mediated increase in c-Jun levels."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on endothelin-1 mediated cell death in hippocampal neurons. Ellis, DZ; Krishnamoorthy, RR; Krishnamoorthy, VR; Stankowska, DL, 2017)	1.08
"Treatment with curcumin inhibited the rise of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and suppressed the protein expression of extracellular kinase ½ (ERK ½), p38 in the skeletal muscle of fructose fed rats."	( Curcumin prevents inflammatory response, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high fructose fed male Wistar rats: Potential role of serine kinases. Maithilikarpagaselvi, N; Sridhar, MG; Swaminathan, RP; Zachariah, B, 2016)	2.22
"Treatment with curcumin (5 or 20 µmol/l) significantly inhibited apoptosis, and reversed the alterations in caspase‑3, Bcl‑2 and Bax expression."	( Curcumin activates autophagy and attenuates oxidative damage in EA.hy926 cells via the Akt/mTOR pathway. Guo, S; Li, X; Long, M; Yang, Z; Zhang, M; Zhu, S, 2016)	2.22
"Pretreatment with curcumin (1, 5, and 10 μmol/L) dose-dependently attenuated these abnormalities in HG-treated podocytes."	( Curcumin attenuates high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis by regulating functional connections between caveolin-1 phosphorylation and ROS. Chen, XJ; Guan, GJ; Liu, G; Liu, XC; Sun, LN, 2016)	2.2
"Treatment with curcumin significantly reduced body weight, relative organ weights (liver, adipose tissue), glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR."	( Preventive effect of curcumin on inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high-fat fed obese rats. Maithilikarpagaselvi, N; Sridhar, MG; Sripradha, R; Swaminathan, RP, 2016)	1.09
"Treatment with curcumin, EF31 or UBS109 inhibited NF-κB, downregulated survival pathways and inhibited cell cycle progression."	( Inhibition of NF-κB translocation by curcumin analogs induces G0/G1 arrest and downregulates thymidylate synthase in colorectal cancer. Alam, A; Belalcazar, A; El-Rayes, BF; Nagaraju, GP; Pattnaik, S; Rajitha, B; Shaib, WL; Shoji, M; Snyder, JP, 2016)	1.05
"Treatment with curcumin protected against high ω-3 PUFA and ethanol-induced hepatosteatosis and increase in liver injury markers, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase."	( Protective Role of Dietary Curcumin in the Prevention of the Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Alcohol with respect to Hepatic Injury and Antiatherogenic Markers. Garige, M; Lakshman, MR; Leckey, LC; Reyes-Gordillo, K; Shah, R; Varatharajalu, R, 2016)	1.07
"Pretreatment with curcumin enhanced the antileukemic activity of etoposide in BNML rats (1.57-fold tumor reduction versus etoposide alone; P<0.05) and induced apoptosis of BNML cells more efficiently than etoposide alone (1.54-fold change versus etoposide alone; P<0.05), but this treatment protected nonleukemic B-cells from apoptosis."	( Curcumin enhances the cytogenotoxic effect of etoposide in leukemia cells through induction of reactive oxygen species. Bukowska-Straková, K; Bystrowska, B; Dulak, J; Hajduk, K; Jozkowicz, A; Kozakowska, M; Krzyściak, W; Papież, MA; Szade, K, 2016)	2.2
"Treatment with curcumin or U0126, a specific MAPK inhibitor, or suppression of cellular uptake of copper by siRNA knockdown of copper transporter protein 1 (CTR1) blocked copper-induced cell proliferation."	( Curcumin is a biologically active copper chelator with antitumor activity. Chen, C; Chen, H; Ji, P; Li, E; Liu, Y; Shi, H; Tan, RX; Yang, M; Zhang, W, 2016)	2.22
"Pretreatment with curcumin alleviated LPS-induced neurobehavioral and neurochemical deficits."	( Piperine Augments the Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Deficits in Mice. Bezbaruah, BK; Datusalia, AK; Jangra, A; Kushwah, P; Kwatra, M; Pant, R; Saroha, B; Sharma, Y; Singh, T, 2016)	1.02
"Pretreatment with curcumin at 5, 10, and 20 μM for 2 h prior to colistin (200 μM) exposure for 24 h, produced an anti-inflammatory effect by significantly down-regulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phosphorylation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) (p-IκB)-α, and concomitantly NF-κB levels."	( Curcumin Attenuates Colistin-Induced Neurotoxicity in N2a Cells via Anti-inflammatory Activity, Suppression of Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Cappai, R; Ciccotosto, GD; Dai, C; Li, D; Tang, S; Velkov, T; Xiao, X; Xie, S, 2018)	2.25
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly attenuated LPS-induced secretion of master cytokine IL-1β from IECs and macrophages."	( Curcumin improves intestinal barrier function: modulation of intracellular signaling, and organization of tight junctions. Ghosh, S; Ghosh, SS; Wang, J, 2017)	2.22
"Pre-treatment of curcumin reduced cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity which was clearly evident from the reduced BUN, creatinine, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels and increased albumin and IL-10 levels."	( TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 expressions, responsible for disparity in action of curcumin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Barua, CC; Kumar, P; Mundhe, N; Sulakhiya, K, 2017)	1.01
"Treatment with curcumin significantly reduced IL-6 and IL-23 production by dendritic cells (DC)."	( Curcumin inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation by regulating the metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 expression on dendritic cells. Li, Z; Liu, Y; Ni, J; Qiao, S; Song, Z; Wang, Y; Yi, X; Zhao, G, 2017)	2.24
"Treatment with Curcumin extract (10 and 20mg/kg, ip) for 5 days significantly prevented weight loss, impairment in locomotor activity, anxiety like effects in all behavioral paradigms tasks (mirror chamber, plus maze, zero maze) as compared to control (72-h sleep-deprived) (P<0.05)."	( Possible nitric oxide modulation in protective effect of (Curcuma longa, Zingiberaceae) against sleep deprivation-induced behavioral alterations and oxidative damage in mice. Kumar, A; Singh, A, 2008)	0.69
"Pretreatment with curcumin analog prevents the loss of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants like GSH upon gamma-irradiation."	( Effect of curcumin analog on gamma-radiation-induced cellular changes in primary culture of isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro. Menon, VP; Rajasekaran, KN; Srinivasan, M; Sudheer, AR, 2008)	1.07
"Treatment with curcumin along with aflatoxin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced changes in serum parameters."	( Ameliorative effect of curcumin on aflatoxin-induced toxicity in serum of mice. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, )	0.78
"Pretreatment with Curcumin (5-40 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h before an i.v."	( Curcumin inhibits the increase of glutamate, hydroxyl radicals and PGE2 in the hypothalamus and reduces fever during LPS-induced systemic inflammation in rabbits. Chang, CK; Chang, CP; Huang, WT; Lin, MT; Niu, KC, 2008)	2.11
"Treatment with curcumin along with aflatoxin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of mice by ameliorating both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants."	( Curcumin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced lipid-peroxidation in liver and kidney of mice. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, )	1.91
"Treatment of curcumin and/or vitamin E to T4-treated rats resulted in elevation of SOD level in postmitochondrial fraction (PMF) and mitochondrial fraction (MF) and CAT in PMF, with decreased GPx activity in MF."	( Protective effects of vitamin E and curcumin on L-thyroxine-induced rat testicular oxidative stress. Chainy, GB; Roy, A; Sahoo, DK, 2008)	0.97
"Treatment with curcumin also reduced the histological scores from 3.34+/-0.40 to 1.75+/-0.30 confirming an anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in this experimental model of colitis."	( Curcumin reverses attenuated carbachol-induced contraction of the colon in a rat model of colitis. Khan, I; Lubbad, AS; Oriowo, MA, 2009)	2.14
"Treatment with curcumin alone reduced the levels of TBARS, while induced the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and the levels of SH-groups."	( Ameliorating effect of curcumin on sodium arsenite-induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in different rat organs. El-Demerdash, FM; Radwan, FM; Yousef, MI, 2009)	1
"Pretreatment of curcumine showed beneficial effect on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in rats."	( [Protective effect of curcumin on oleic-induced acute lung injury in rats]. Ding, FY; He, JL; Xu, GL; Yu, SQ; Zhou, M; Zhu, RF, 2008)	0.99
"Treatment with curcumin significantly increased TCF7L2 gene expression to 3.24 fold (1.7-log fold) (P = 0.003) compared to the controls while treatment with LPS decreased TCF7L2 gene expression to 0.88-fold (-0.18-log)."	( In vitro modulation of TCF7L2 gene expression in human pancreatic cells. Amiri, P; Amoli, MM; Bazzaz, JT; Hashemi, S; Khalooghi, K; Larijani, B; Mehraban, N, 2009)	0.69
"Rats treated with curcumin and its SLM complex showed a faster weight gain compared with dextran sulfate solution (DSS) control rats."	( Novel formulation of solid lipid microparticles of curcumin for anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity for optimization of therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Devi, K; Suresh, S; Yadav, S; Yadav, VR, 2009)	0.93
"Upon treatment with curcumin, IL-6/sIL-6R-induced STAT3 and Erk phosphorylation was dramatically reduced in the co-cultured cells."	( Curcumin in combination with bortezomib synergistically induced apoptosis in human multiple myeloma U266 cells. Ahn, KS; Ayyappan, V; Bae, EK; Kim, BK; Kim, BS; Lee, C; Lee, YY; Park, J; Yoon, SS, 2008)	2.1
"Treatment with curcumin delayed the first appearance of MPA-accelerated tumors by 7 days, decreased tumor incidence by the end of the experiment, and reduced tumor multiplicity in DMBA-induced MPA-accelerated tumors. "	( Curcumin delays development of medroxyprogesterone acetate-accelerated 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors. Benakanakere, I; Besch-Williford, C; Carroll, CE; Ellersieck, MR; Hyder, SM, )	1.93
"Pretreatment with curcumin (100 and 200 mg/kg, ip) significantly increased the latency of seizures (120 + 20 min and 11 5+/- 5.7 min respectively) as compared to the vehicle treated KA group."	( Protective effect of curcumin against kainic acid induced seizures and oxidative stress in rats. Briyal, S; Gupta, YK; Sharma, M, )	0.77
"Treatment with curcumin inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 in tumor cells at the mRNA and protein levels."	( Aromatase inhibitor letrozole in synergy with curcumin in the inhibition of xenografted endometrial carcinoma growth. Hao, Q; Hu, YL; Liang, YJ; Wang, JD; Wang, QL; Wu, YZ, 2009)	0.95
"Treatment with curcumin and resveratrol suppressed NF-kappaB-regulated gene products involved in inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor), inhibited apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and TNF-alpha receptor-associated factor 1) and prevented activation of caspase-3. "	( Synergistic chondroprotective effects of curcumin and resveratrol in human articular chondrocytes: inhibition of IL-1beta-induced NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Csaki, C; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M, 2009)	0.97
"Pretreatment with curcumin reversed the AN-induced effects, reducing the levels of MDA and enhancing CAT activity and increasing reduced GSH content both in the brain and liver."	( Curcumin pretreatment protects against acute acrylonitrile-induced oxidative damage in rats. Aschner, M; Bishnoi, M; Guangwei, X; Kulkarni, SK; Rongzhu, L; Shizhong, W; Suhua, W; Wenrong, X; Xiaowu, Z; Ye, Z, 2010)	2.13
"Pretreatment of curcumin (5muM) completely abolished the increased production of IL-1beta induced by the hyperosmotic medium."	( Curcumin protects against hyperosmoticity-induced IL-1beta elevation in human corneal epithelial cell via MAPK pathways. Aass, I; Chen, M; Hu, DN; Lu, CW; Pan, Z; Xue, CY, 2010)	2.14
"Treatment with curcumin inhibited the expression of bcl-2 in tumor cells at the mRNA and protein levels."	( [Inhibiting effect of letrozole combined with curcumin on xenografted endometrial carcinoma growth in nude mice]. Hao, Q; Hu, YL; Liang, YJ; Wang, JD; Wu, YZ; Zhang, HM, 2010)	0.96
"Treatment with curcumin (75 mg/kg body wt) led to a significant decrease in the levels of LPO, enzymic antioxidants, and nonenzymic antioxidants, which were similar to that of control."	( Effect of curcumin on selenite-induced cataractogenesis in Wistar rat pups. Arumugam, M; Beulaja, S; Manikandan, R; Sudhandiran, G; Thiagarajan, R, 2010)	1.1
"Treatment with curcumin either 1h before or immediately after LPS injection significantly ameliorated white matter injury and loss of preOLs, decreased activated microglia, and inhibited microglial expression of iNOS and translocation of p67phox and gp91phox to the microglial cell membranes in neonatal rat brains following LPS injection."	( Curcumin protects pre-oligodendrocytes from activated microglia in vitro and in vivo. Buzby, JS; Chen, GY; Chen, HJ; He, LF; Qian, LH, 2010)	2.14
"Pretreatment with curcumin (20 mg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection 2 hours before pancreatic I/R."	( Curcumin attenuates airway hyperreactivity induced by ischemia-reperfusion of the pancreas in rats. Chao, D; Chen, CF; Chen, KH; Liu, CF; Wang, D, 2010)	2.13
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly attenuated the inflammatory, oxidative, and nitrosative responses and lung tissue iNOS and TNFalpha expressions."	( Curcumin attenuates airway hyperreactivity induced by ischemia-reperfusion of the pancreas in rats. Chao, D; Chen, CF; Chen, KH; Liu, CF; Wang, D, 2010)	2.13
"Treatment with curcumin microparticles resulted in diminished vascular endothelial growth factor expression and poorly developed tumor microvessels, indicating a significant effect on tumor angiogenesis."	( Injectable sustained release microparticles of curcumin: a new concept for cancer chemoprevention. Blum, A; Freeman, D; Ma, L; Panyam, J; Shahani, K; Swaminathan, SK, 2010)	0.96
"Treatment with curcumin (20 micromol/L) attenuated both these effects (P < 0.05)."	( Curcumin inhibits reactive oxygen species formation and vascular hyperpermeability following haemorrhagic shock. Childs, EW; Hunter, FA; Smythe, WR; Tharakan, B, 2010)	2.14
"Treatment with curcumin significantly attenuated AHR and reduced the numbers of total leukocytes and eosinophils in BAL fluid."	( Curcumin attenuates allergic airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in mice through NF-κB inhibition. Cha, JY; Chang, BC; Jung, JE; Kim, DY; Kwon, HJ; Lee, BR; Oh, SW, 2011)	2.15
"Pretreatment with curcumin protected SGNs against ONOO(-)-induced cell damage, declined the apoptotic rate, and improved the levels of SOD and GSH, decreased the elevation of MDA."	( Curcumin attenuates peroxynitrite-induced neurotoxicity in spiral ganglion neurons. Bai, X; Fan, Z; Han, Y; Li, J; Liu, W; Lu, S; Wang, H; Xu, W; Zhang, D, 2011)	2.14
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly increased DOX-induced apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells through down regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of caspase-8 and caspase-9."	( Curcumin potentiates doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac muscle cells through generation of reactive oxygen species. Bahrami, A; Bahrami, G; Behravan, J; Hosseinzadeh, L; Karimi, G; Mosaffa, F, 2011)	2.14
"Treatment with curcumin significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF in the kidney tissue of diabetic mice in both 4 and 8 weeks."	( Effect of curcumin on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in diabetic mice kidney induced by streptozotocin. Anupunpisit, V; Petpiboolthai, H; Punyarachun, B; Sawatpanich, T, 2010)	1.1
"Treatment with curcumin showed significant hypoglycemic activity compared with the diabetic group. "	( Curcumin prevents experimental diabetic retinopathy in rats through its hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Agrawal, P; Agrawal, R; Agrawal, SS; Gupta, SK; Kumar, B; Nag, TC; Saxena, R; Srivastava, S, 2011)	2.16
"Treatment with curcumin reversed Tat-induced dissociation of HDAC1 from LTR; and curcumin caused a decline in the binding of p65/NFκB to LTR promoters stimulated by Tat."	( HDAC1/NFκB pathway is involved in curcumin inhibiting of Tat-mediated long terminal repeat transactivation. Ruan, Z; Sang, WW; Zhang, HS, 2011)	0.99
"Treatment with curcumin also resulted in significant reduction in serum and tissue level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18 and INF-γ that were increased by renal I/R injury (p<0.05)."	( Curcumin immune-mediated and anti-apoptotic mechanisms protect against renal ischemia/reperfusion and distant organ induced injuries. Awad, AS; El-Sharif, AA, 2011)	2.15
"Pretreatment with curcumin (25 and 50 mg/kg p.o.) attenuated chronic stress and chronic unpredictable stress-associated memory deficits, biochemical alterations, pathological outcomes and oxidative stress."	( Adaptogenic potential of curcumin in experimental chronic stress and chronic unpredictable stress-induced memory deficits and alterations in functional homeostasis. Anand, P; Bhatia, N; Dhawan, R; Jaggi, AS; Singh, N, 2011)	1
"The treatment of curcumin, the anticancer drug along with HABP1, inhibited the migration, expression of MT1-MMP and activation of MMP-2 and finally tumor growth supports the involvement of HABP1 in tumor formation."	( Hyaluronan-binding protein 1 (HABP1/p32/gC1qR) induces melanoma cell migration and tumor growth by NF-kappa B dependent MMP-2 activation through integrin α(v)β(3) interaction. Datta, K; Ghosh, I; Kale, S; Kundu, GC; Prakash, M, 2011)	0.7
"Pre-treatment with curcumin reversed this effect on mRNA for the 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(4) receptors, but not for the 5-HT(2A) receptor."	( Curcumin prevents corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity and abnormalities of neuroplasticity via 5-HT receptor pathway. Acharya, AP; Barish, PA; Boykin, E; Chen, L; Govindarajan, SS; Li, S; O'Donnell, JM; Ogle, WO; Pan, J; Pan, X; Vernon, MM; Xu, Y; Yu, J; Zhang, Y, 2011)	2.13
"Treatment with curcumin, NSO or valproate ameliorated most of the changes induced by pilocarpine and restored Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity in the hippocampus to control levels."	( The neuroprotective effect of curcumin and Nigella sativa oil against oxidative stress in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy: a comparison with valproate. Ezz, HS; Khadrawy, YA; Noor, NA, 2011)	1
"Pretreatment with curcumin blocked the hyperoxia-induced decrease (PPARγ and ADRP) and increase (α-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin) in markers of lung injury/repair, as well as the activation of TGF-β signaling."	( Curcumin augments lung maturation, preventing neonatal lung injury by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Li, Y; Rehan, VK; Sakurai, R; Torday, JS, 2011)	2.14
"Pretreatments of curcumin and curcumin plus piperine before administration of single dose of BaP significantly decreased the levels of 8-oxo-dG content and % DNA in the comet tail in both the tissues."	( Combined effects of curcumin and piperine in ameliorating benzo(a)pyrene induced DNA damage. Dhawan, DK; Jain, M; Kumar, M; Sehgal, A, 2011)	1.02
"Pretreatment with curcumin increased the GST activity in BaP treated group, which was enhanced further upon synergistic treatment with piperine and curcumin."	( Synergistic effects of piperine and curcumin in modulating benzo(a)pyrene induced redox imbalance in mice lungs. Dhawan, DK; Jain, M; Kumar, M; Sehgal, A, 2012)	0.98
"Pretreatment with curcumin dose-dependently decreased DEHP-induced expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38."	( ICAM-1 and IL-8 are expressed by DEHP and suppressed by curcumin through ERK and p38 MAPK in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Dong, S; Wang, J, 2012)	0.95
"Treatment with curcumin in the diet or by intraperitoneal injection significantly inhibited tumorigenicity and tumor growth, decreased the percentages of MDSCs in the spleen, blood, and tumor tissues, reduced interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the serum and tumor tissues in a human gastric cancer xenograft model and a mouse colon cancer allograft model."	( Curcumin induces the differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and inhibits their interaction with cancer cells and related tumor growth. Jin, H; Liu, A; Lu, G; Shi, JD; Suo, Y; Tu, SP; Wang, TC; Yang, CS; Zhu, LM, 2012)	2.16
"Treatment with curcumin also decreased both PS1 and GSK-3β mRNA and protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner."	( Curcumin mediates presenilin-1 activity to reduce β-amyloid production in a model of Alzheimer's Disease. Hongmei, Z; Lu, S; Xiong, Z; Yu, L, 2011)	2.15
"Pretreatment of curcumin sensitized lymphoma cells to IR-induced apoptosis and increased G2/M phase arrest in the cell cycle distribution."	( Curcumin improves the antitumor effect of X-ray irradiation by blocking the NF-κB pathway: an in-vitro study of lymphoma. Jiang, Y; Li, G; Qiao, Q, 2012)	2.16
"Treatment with curcumin (2.5, 10, and 25 μM) decreased the expression of CCL2 mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner under treatment with LPS."	( Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced CCL2 expression via JNK pathway in C6 rat astrocytoma cells. Cao, DL; Gao, YJ; Xia, C; Zhang, X; Zhang, ZJ; Zhao, LX, 2012)	2.16
"Pretreatment with curcumin caused leukocyte adherence to postcapillary venule to decline (3.00 ± 0.81 cells/frame vs 6.40 ± 2.30 cells/frame, P = 0.027)."	( Curcumin prevents indomethacin-induced gastropathy in rats. Chayanupatkul, M; Choochuai, S; Klaikeaw, N; Patumraj, S; Thong-Ngam, D, 2012)	2.15
"Treatment with curcumin significantly attenuated the CLP-induced pulmonary edema and inflammation, as it significantly decreased lung W/D ratio, protein concentration, and the accumulation of the inflammatory cells in the BALF, as well as pulmonary MPO activity."	( Curcumin protects against sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats. Sun, D; Sun, S; Xiao, X; Yang, M, 2012)	2.16
"Treatments of curcumin and resveratrol were given orally in drinking water at a dose level of 60 mg/kg body weight and 5.7 µg/mL drinking water, respectively, 3 times a week for a total duration of 22 weeks."	( Premature mitochondrial senescence and related ultrastructural changes during lung carcinogenesis modulation by curcumin and resveratrol. Dhawan, DK; Malhotra, A; Nair, P, 2012)	0.94
"Pretreatment with curcumin (25 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the reperfusion liver injury, while the ATP content reversed."	( The protective effect of curcumin on ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver injury. Chen, CF; Chiang, LL; Lee, JF; Lin, CM; Su, CL; Wang, D, 2012)	1.01
"Pretreatment with curcumin remarkably improves the survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from H 2O 2-induced viability loss, which specifically evokes an autophagic response."	( Curcumin induces autophagy to protect vascular endothelial cell survival from oxidative stress damage. An, Y; Han, J; Li, XJ; Pan, XY; Pan, Y; Tie, L; Xiao, Y; Xu, Y, 2012)	2.15
"Treatment with curcumin markedly ameliorated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced cholesterol accumulation in macrophages, which was due to decreased oxLDL uptake and increased cholesterol efflux. "	( Molecular mechanism of curcumin on the suppression of cholesterol accumulation in macrophage foam cells and atherosclerosis. Chen, CY; Chiang, AN; Ching, LC; Huang, YC; Kou, YR; Lee, TS; Shyue, SK; Zhao, JF, 2012)	1.04
"Treatment with curcumin in control rats increased the sensitivity to cilostazol."	( Curcumin increases vasodilatory effect of cilostazol in diabetic rat aorta. Belviranli, M; Gökbel, H; Nurullahoğlu-Atalik, KE; Okudan, N; Simşek, L, 2012)	2.16
"Treatment with curcumin significantly attenuated CCl(4)-induce liver injury, hepatic inflammation and reduced the levels of proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1)."	( Protective effects of curcumin against hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride: modulation of high-mobility group box 1, Toll-like receptor 4 and 2 expression. Tu, CT; Wang, JY; Xu, BL; Yao, QY; Zhang, SC; Zhou, CH, 2012)	1.03
"Pretreatment with curcumin by oral gavage (45 mg/kg) 1 h before exposure to DEP significantly prevented the influx of inflammatory cells and the increase of TNF α in BAL, and the increased airway resistance caused by DEP."	( Protective effect of curcumin on pulmonary and cardiovascular effects induced by repeated exposure to diesel exhaust particles in mice. Ali, BH; Nemmar, A; Subramaniyan, D, 2012)	1.02
"Pretreatment with curcumin caused a remarkable decrease in histopathological parameters such as edema, congestion and inflammatory cells."	( Role of curcumin in mesenteric ischemia - reperfusion injury in rats. Belviranli, M; Esen, H; Gokbel, H; Nurullahoglu-Atalik, KE; Okudan, N; Oz, M, 2012)	1.14
"Rats treated with curcumin improved liver necro-inflammation, and reduced liver fibrosis in association with decreased α-smooth muscle actin expression, and decreased collagen deposition. "	( Inhibition by curcumin of multiple sites of the transforming growth factor-beta1 signalling pathway ameliorates the progression of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. Liu, HC; Tu, CT; Wang, JY; Xu, BL; Yao, QY; Zhang, SC, 2012)	1.07
"Pretreatment with curcumin counteracted formaldehyde-induced oxidative stress, ameliorated DPCs and attenuated activation of NF-κB and AP-1 in A549 Cell Lines."	( Protective effect of curcumin against formaldehyde-induced genotoxicity in A549 Cell Lines. Chen, X; Dai, J; Jiang, ZF; Li, N; Shi, YQ; Zhang, BY; Zhang, ZB, 2013)	1.03
"Treatment with curcumin attenuated TNFα-mediated lipolysis by suppressing phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and reversing the downregulation of perilipin protein in TNFα-stimulated adipocytes (p<0.05). "	( Curcumin attenuates lipolysis stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-α or isoproterenol in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Kong, PR; Li, Y; Li, YX; Wu, JF; Xie, XY, 2012)	2.17
"Treatment with curcumin led to decreased viability of all three types of NHL cells and had a profound radiosensitization effect."	( Curcumin enhances the response of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells to ionizing radiation through further induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and inhibition of mTOR phosphorylation. Jiang, Y; Li, G; Qiao, Q, 2013)	2.17
"Mice treated with curcumin had a significant reduction in the number of splenic CD19(+) B cells and the ratio of CD19 : CD3 cells (P < 0·05) with no change in the T-cell population."	( Curcumin alleviates immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis in factor-H-deficient mice. Alexander, JJ; Chang, A; Chaves, L; Eadon, MT; Jacob, A; Quigg, RJ, 2013)	2.16
"Pretreatment with curcumin inhibited the growth rate of carcinoma cells significantly."	( Curcumin inhibits interleukin 8 production and enhances interleukin 8 receptor expression on the cell surface:impact on human pancreatic carcinoma cell growth by autocrine regulation. Furuhashi, T; Hidaka, H; Ikeda, O; Ishiko, T; Kamohara, H; Mita, S; Miyazaki, M; Ogawa, M; Setoguchi, T; Suzuki, S, 2002)	2.08
"Treatment with curcumin prevented both the pathological and biochemical changes induced by alcohol."	( Curcumin prevents alcohol-induced liver disease in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappa B-dependent genes. Dannenberg, AJ; Jokelainen, K; Nanji, AA; Rahemtulla, A; Thomas, P; Tipoe, GL, 2003)	2.1
"The treatment with curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin (IC) increased their levels significantly."	( Protective effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on circulatory lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced toxicity. Menon, VP; Rukkumani, R; Sri Balasubashini, M, 2003)	0.95
"Pretreatment with curcumin showed a protective effect against infectious brain edema in rats. "	( [Protective effect and mechanism of pretreatment with curcumin on infectious brain edema in rats]. Huang, R; Luo, F; Yang, YJ; Yu, XH, 2003)	0.9
"Pretreatment with curcumin has a conductive effect on irradiated wounds. "	( Effect of curcumin on radiation-impaired healing of excisional wounds in mice. Jagetia, GC; Rajanikant, GK, 2004)	1.06
"Pretreatment of curcumin, an inhibitor of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), dose-dependently suppressed the induction of Mn-SOD mRNA by YS 51, but not by 2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone (PD98059) and 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazol (SB203580), inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase."	( Induction of manganese-superoxide dismutase by YS 51, a synthetic 1-(beta-naphtylmethyl)6,7-dihydroxy- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid: implication for anti-inflammatory actions. Chang, KC; Kang, YJ; Kim, HJ; Ko, YS; Lee, YS; Park, MK; Pyo, HS; Seo, HG; Yun-Choi, HS, 2004)	0.66
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly enhanced the rate of wound contraction, decreased mean wound healing time, increased synthesis of collagen, hexosamine, DNA, and nitric oxide and improved fibroblast and vascular densities."	( Role of curcumin, a naturally occurring phenolic compound of turmeric in accelerating the repair of excision wound, in mice whole-body exposed to various doses of gamma-radiation. Jagetia, GC; Rajanikant, GK, 2004)	1.08
"Pretreatment with curcumin inhibited the activation of NF-kappaB and sensitized LNCaP cells to TRAIL."	( Curcumin sensitizes prostate cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand/Apo2L by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB through suppression of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation. Chapman, RA; Deeb, D; Divine, G; Dulchavsky, SA; Gao, X; Gautam, SC; Hafner, MS; Jiang, H; Wong, H, 2004)	2.09
"Treatment with curcumin ameliorated the histopathologic signs in rats with TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation. "	( [Modulation of intestinal mucosal inflammatory factors by curcumin in rats with colitis]. Jian, YT; Lai, ZS; Mai, GF; Wang, JD; Zhang, YL, 2004)	0.92
"Untreated and curcumin-treated mouse lung fibrotic and nonfibrotic cell cultures were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry utilizing this method."	( Detection and quantitation of curcumin in mouse lung cell cultures by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Dix, TA; Hoffman, SR; May, LA; Tourkina, E, 2005)	0.96
"Co-treatment with curcumin and catechins caused greater inhibition of DMH-induced ACF and colon carcinogenesis than the single use of curcumin or catechin (P<0.05)."	( [Effects of combined use of curcumin and catechin on cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression in dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis]. He, MR; Huang, W; Lai, ZS; Wang, YD; Xu, G; Zhang, WM; Zhang, YL, 2005)	0.95
"Treatment with curcumin before irradiation enhanced the synthesis of collagen, hexosamine, DNA, nitrite, and nitrate, and histologic assessment of wound biopsy specimens revealed improved collagen deposition and an increase in fibroblast and vascular densities."	( Curcumin treatment enhances the repair and regeneration of wounds in mice exposed to hemibody gamma-irradiation. Jagetia, GC; Rajanikant, GK, 2005)	2.11
"Treatment with curcumin could prevent and treat both wasting and histopathologic signs of rats with TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation. "	( Preventive and therapeutic effects of NF-kappaB inhibitor curcumin in rats colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Fang, YX; Jian, YT; Luo, RC; Mai, GF; Wang, JD; Zhang, YL, 2005)	0.93
"Treatment of curcumin increased expression of BTG2 mRNA, a member of anti-proliferative gene family and a negative transcriptional regulator of cyclin D1."	( Curcumin decreases cell proliferation rates through BTG2-mediated cyclin D1 down-regulation in U937 cells. Cho, JW; Jun, JM; Kwon, YK; Shin, SW; Suh, SI, 2005)	2.12
"Pre-treatment with Curcumin enhanced the Vinorelbine induced apoptosis to 61.3%."	( Curcumin enhances Vinorelbine mediated apoptosis in NSCLC cells by the mitochondrial pathway. Sen, S; Sharma, H; Singh, N, 2005)	2.09
"Treatment with curcumin showed only mild sinusoidal dilatation while with BDMC-A there was only mild portal inflammation."	( Comparative effects of curcumin and an analogue of curcumin in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Kamalakkannan, N; Menon, VP; Rajasekharan, KN; Rukkumani, R; Varma, PS; Viswanathan, P, 2005)	0.98
"Treatment with curcumin in vivo resulted in inhibition of proliferation of EAT cells and ascites formation."	( Mechanism of inhibition of ascites tumor growth in mice by curcumin is mediated by NF-kB and caspase activated DNase. Belakavadi, M; Salimath, BP, 2005)	0.91
"Treatment with curcumin at 0.5 g/kg alleviated the CCl(4)-induced inactivation of CYPs 1A, 2B, 2C and 3A isozymes, except for CYP2E1."	( Selective protection of curcumin against carbon tetrachloride-induced inactivation of hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes in rats. Endoh, K; Nagata, J; Saito, M; Sugiyama, T; Umegaki, K; Yamada, K; Yamada, S; Yamagishi, A, 2006)	0.98
"Treatment with Curcumin (100 mg kg(-1)body wt) and Embelin (50 mg kg(-1)body wt) prevented the drop in hepatic glutathione antioxidant defense, decreased lipid peroxidation, minimized the histological alterations induced by DENA/PB, but showed toxic effects on the hematopoietic cells."	( Effects of administration of Embelin and Curcumin on lipid peroxidation, hepatic glutathione antioxidant defense and hematopoietic system during N-nitrosodiethylamine/Phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Bali, G; Sreepriya, M, 2006)	0.94
"Pretreatment with curcumin protected hepatocytes in a model of oxidative injury and this protection was mediated through HO-1."	( Curcumin induces heme oxygenase-1 in hepatocytes and is protective in simulated cold preservation and warm reperfusion injury. Garden, OJ; Harrison, EM; McNally, SJ; Ross, JA; Wigmore, SJ, 2006)	2.1
"Pretreatment with curcumin, which has a HAT inhibitory activity specific for CBP/p300, attenuated histone modifications, IEGs expression and also the severity of status epilepticus after kainate treatment."	( Histone modifications in kainate-induced status epilepticus. Sng, JC; Taniura, H; Yoneda, Y, 2006)	0.66
"Thus treatment with curcumin immediately or even delayed until 24 h may have the potential to be used as a protective agent in forebrain ischemic insult in human."	( Immediate and delayed treatments with curcumin prevents forebrain ischemia-induced neuronal damage and oxidative insult in the rat hippocampus. Abdulgadir, MM; Al Joni, KS; Al-Majed, AA; Al-Omar, FA; Nagi, MN, 2006)	0.92
"Pretreatment with curcumin was found to ameliorate these drug-induced changes."	( Curcumin reduces indomethacin-induced damage in the rat small intestine. Balasubramanian, KA; Basivireddy, J; Faith, M; Hanumantharaya, R; Jacob, M; Sivalingam, N, )	1.9
"Treatment with curcumin produced a marked induction of cardiac HO-1 in normothermic condition but cells were less responsive to the polyphenolic compound at low temperature."	( Curcumin reduces cold storage-induced damage in human cardiac myoblasts. Abuarqoub, H; Foresti, R; Green, CJ; Motterlini, R, 2007)	2.12
"Treatment with curcuminoids in serum-free conditions resulted in activation of PI3K-Akt pathway; but in serum-supplemented condition, curcuminoids caused inhibition of the MAPK pathways thereby inhibiting the expression of angiogenic phenotype."	( Opposing effects of curcuminoids on serum stimulated and unstimulated angiogenic response. Kiran, MS; Kumar, VB; Rajasekharan, KN; Sherin, GT; Sudhakaran, PR; Viji, RI, 2008)	1.01
"Pretreatment with curcumin reversed these behavioral changes."	( Protective effect of Curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia and associated behavioural, biochemical and neurochemical changes in rat brain. Bishnoi, M; Chopra, K; Kulkarni, SK, 2008)	0.99
"Pre-treatment with curcumin was found to ameliorate these drug-induced changes."	( Curcumin attenuates indomethacin-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Balasubramanian, KA; Basivireddy, J; Jacob, M; Sivalingam, N, 2008)	2.11
"Treatment with curcumin along with aflatoxin ameliorated aflatoxin-induced sperm count, immobilization, and viability, and improved the morphologic characteristics of the sperm."	( Curcumin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced toxicity in mice spermatozoa. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, 2008)	2.13
"Treatment with curcumin could significantly improve neurobehavioral performance compared to untreated ischemic rats as judged by its effect on rota-rod performance and grid walking."	( Anti-ischemic effect of curcumin in rat brain. Ali, MM; Khan, MY; Khanna, VK; Shukla, PK; Srimal, RC, 2008)	0.99
"Treatment with curcumin along with aflatoxin ameliorates aflatoxin-induced biochemical changes in the testis of mice."	( Effect of curcumin on aflatoxin-induced biochemical changes in testis of mice. Mathuria, N; Verma, RJ, 2009)	1.1
"Treatment with curcuminoid crude extract at two different doses, showed a significant cellular recovery among hepatocytes, which was reflected in a reduction of hepatic enzymes and TBAR values."	( Cyto-protective and immunomodulating effect of Curcuma longa in Wistar rats subjected to carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress. Abu-Rizq, HA; Afzal, M; Mansour, MH; Safer, AM, 2008)	0.69
"Treatment with curcumin also resulted in significant reduction in serum and tissue MDA, NO and PC and for tissue that were increased by renal I/R injury (p<0.001 for serum and p<0.05 for tissue, respectively)."	( Curcumin protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat kidneys. Akcay, A; Atmaca, AF; Bayrak, O; Bayrak, R; Cimentepe, E; Kaya, A; Sahin, S; Turgut, F; Uz, E; Yildirim, ME, 2008)	2.13
"Pretreatment with curcumin and dexamethasone significantly prevented barrier disruption, lung edema, tissue inflammation, and decreased PaO2 at the early stage of posttransplantation."	( Preventive effects of curcumin and dexamethasone on lung transplantation-associated lung injury in rats. Bai, C; Ben, Y; Guo, W; Jiang, J; Sun, J; Tan, C; Wang, X; Xu, Z, 2008)	0.98
"Treatment with curcumin prevented sepsis-induced increase in muscle protein breakdown."	( The NF-kappaB inhibitor curcumin blocks sepsis-induced muscle proteolysis. Alamdari, N; Fareed, MU; Hasselgren, PO; Menconi, M; O'Neal, P; Poylin, V; Reilly, N, 2008)	0.99
"Pretreatment with curcumin significantly inhibits these enhancing effects."	( Enhancing effect of ultraviolet A on ornithine decarboxylase induction and dermatitis evoked by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and its inhibition by curcumin in mouse skin. Iijima, M; Ishizaki, C; Oguro, T; Sueki, H; Wen, CQ; Yoshida, T, 1996)	0.82
"The treatment of curcumin prior to irradiation restored the specific activity of glyoxalase system to almost the control level which was suggestive of the radioprotective ability of curcumin."	( Modulation of radioresponse of glyoxalase system by curcumin. Chandra, D; Choudhary, D; Kale, RK, 1999)	0.88
"Treatment with curcumin suppressed CD- and PMA-mediated induction of COX-2 protein and synthesis of prostaglandin E2."	( Curcumin inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription in bile acid- and phorbol ester-treated human gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Altorki, NK; Dannenberg, AJ; Mestre, JR; Subbaramaiah, K; Zhang, F, 1999)	2.09
"2 Pretreatment with curcumin significantly inhibited IL-12 production by macrophages stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or head-killed Listeria monocytogenes (HKL)."	( Curcumin inhibits Th1 cytokine profile in CD4+ T cells by suppressing interleukin-12 production in macrophages. Choe, YK; Hwang, SY; Kang, BY; Kim, KM; Kim, TS; Song, YJ, 1999)	2.06
"Treatment with curcumin markedly protected against ADR-induced proteinuria, albuminuria, hypoalbuminaemia and hyperlipidaemia."	( Curcumin prevents adriamycin nephrotoxicity in rats. Arumugam, V; Punithavathi, D; Venkatesan, N, 2000)	2.09
"Treatment with curcumin increased HO-1 expression fourfold (P <0.05)."	( Modulation of apoptotic and inflammatory genes by bioflavonoids and angiotensin II inhibition in ureteral obstruction. Jones, EA; Shahed, A; Shoskes, DA, 2000)	0.65
"Pretreatment with curcuminoids at the doses of 40 mg/kg bw or 80 mg/kg bw to endotoxemic mice significantly reduced the phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells, the numbers of adhering leukocytes and swollen endothelial cells."	( Effect of curcuminoids as anti-inflammatory agents on the hepatic microvascular response to endotoxin. Baker, GL; Ito, Y; Lukita-Atmadja, W; McCuskey, RS, 2002)	1.04
"Treatment with curcumin induced a greater or equivalent migratory response in IMCE than YAMC cells."	( Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases mediate curcumin-induced cell migration in non-tumorigenic colon epithelial cells differing in Apc genotype. Fenton, JI; Hord, NG; Orth, MW; Wolff, MS, 2002)	0.91
"Treatment with curcuminoids up-regulated the plasma levels of these proteins and reduced their oxidative damage."	( Role of curcuminoids in ameliorating oxidative modification in β-thalassemia/Hb E plasma proteome. Charoensakdi, R; Chokchaichamnankit, D; Fucharoen, S; Hatairaktham, S; Kalpravidh, RW; Panichkul, N; Siritanaratkul, N; Srisomsap, C; Subhasitanont, P; Svasti, J; Weeraphan, C, 2013)	1.16

Toxicity

Curcumin is one of the safe spices that have chemoprotection and cytoprotection effects against endogenous and exogenous noxious stimuli. Numeros studies has indicated that curcumin posses protective effects against toxic agents in various systems.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" However, its use is seriously limited by the development in the heart of acute and chronic toxic effects."	( Antioxidant nutrients and adriamycin toxicity. Battino, M; Huertas, JR; Mataix, J; Quiles, JL; Ramírez-Tortosa, MC, 2002)	0.31
" In addition to lens opacification (cataracts) and histological changes associated with pneumotoxicity, other biomarkers of toxic effects include glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and the production of the active oxygen species as superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical."	( Naphthalene toxicity and antioxidant nutrients. Bagchi, D; Ohia, S; Stohs, SJ, 2002)	0.31
"Curcumin has been demonstrated to be safe in six human trials and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity."	( Safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin: a component of tumeric (Curcuma longa). Chainani-Wu, N, 2003)	2.03
" The use of turmeric or Curcuma longa Linn as a spice and household remedy has been known to be safe for centuries."	( Early human safety study of turmeric oil (Curcuma longa oil) administered orally in healthy volunteers. Bhagwat, AN; Bhide, S; Ghaisas, S; Joshi, J; Kamat, DV; Vaidya, A; Vaidya, R, 2003)	0.32
"CAO-GMS embolization administered via the hepatic artery is safe but undesired embolization induced by vascular variation should be given due attention in its clinical application."	( Safety of Curcuma aromatica oil gelatin microspheres administered via hepatic artery. Chang, G; Deng, SG; Li, WY; Meng, FZ; Mo, LL; Wu, ZF; Yang, ZG, 2004)	0.32
"Cisplatin is a potent anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agent but has the undesirable side effect of hepatotoxicity at high doses."	( Phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal Kinases (JNKs) is involved in the preventive effect of xanthorrhizol on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Hong, KO; Hwang, JK; Kim, SH; Park, KK, 2005)	0.33
" We conducted a comprehensive review to assess the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines commonly used by patients in an attempt to: prevent cancer; treat cancer; and treat adverse effects associated with conventional cancer treatments."	( Botanical medicine and cancer: a review of the safety and efficacy. Boon, H; Wong, J, 2004)	0.32
"Nicotine, a major toxic component of cigarette smoke has been identified as a major risk factor for lung related diseases."	( Curcumin ameliorates oxidative stress during nicotine-induced lung toxicity in Wistar rats. Kalpana, C; Menon, VP, 2004)	1.77
"Nicotine, a major toxic component of cigarette smoke, plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin and curcumin analog on circulatory lipid profiles during nicotine-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Kalpana, C; Menon, VP; Rajasekharan, KN, 2005)	0.64
" The presence of Goldenseal root powder in dietary supplements and the topical application of Goldenseal preparations raise the possibility that an adverse phototoxic reaction may result from an interaction between its constituent alkaloids and light in exposed tissues."	( Photochemistry and photocytotoxicity of alkaloids from Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.). 2. Palmatine, hydrastine, canadine, and hydrastinine. Bilski, P; Chignell, CF; He, YY; Inbaraj, JJ; Kukielczak, BM; Sik, RH, 2006)	0.33
" There were no treatment related adverse toxicological effects in the parental animals."	( A two generation reproductive toxicity study with curcumin, turmeric yellow, in Wistar rats. Ganiger, S; Krishnappa, H; Malleshappa, HN; Rajashekhar, G; Ramakrishna Rao, V; Sullivan, F, 2007)	0.59
" Nicotine, a major toxic component of tobacco, has been identified as an important risk factor for lung-related diseases."	( Comparative effects of curcumin and its synthetic analogue on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status during nicotine-induced toxicity. Kalpana, C; Menon, VP; Rajasekharan, KN; Sudheer, AR, 2007)	0.65
" For these agents, normal dietary intake, doses used in clinical trials, efficacious doses in rodents, and where available, toxic doses are compared."	( Putative cancer chemopreventive agents of dietary origin-how safe are they? Gescher, AJ; Steward, WP; Verschoyle, RD, 2007)	0.34
" The aim of this study was to quantify its effects on iron overload and the resulting downstream toxic effects in cultured T51B rat liver epithelial cells."	( Curcumin reduces the toxic effects of iron loading in rat liver epithelial cells. Kowdley, KV; Messner, DJ; Sivam, G, 2009)	1.8
" In contrast, desferoxamine blocked both iron uptake and toxic effects of iron at concentrations that depended on the FAC concentration."	( Curcumin reduces the toxic effects of iron loading in rat liver epithelial cells. Kowdley, KV; Messner, DJ; Sivam, G, 2009)	1.8
", Houston, TX) to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) in broiler chicks."	( Efficacy of turmeric (Curcuma longa), containing a known level of curcumin, and a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Bermudez, AJ; Chen, YC; Gowda, NK; Ledoux, DR; Rottinghaus, GE, 2008)	0.58
"Curcumin is a multi-functional and pharmacologically safe natural agent."	( An in vitro study of liposomal curcumin: stability, toxicity and biological activity in human lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B-cells. Burke, TG; Chen, C; Gedaly, R; Jeon, H; Johnston, TD; McHugh, PP; Ranjan, D, 2009)	2.08
"Neurotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species can appear as an adverse effect of chemotherapy treatment with platinum compounds, such as cisplatin."	( Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of curcumin in PC12 cells. Antonucci, GA; Antunes, LM; Bianchi, Mde L; Dos Santos, AC; Dos Santos, GC; Mendonça, LM, 2009)	0.6
" The histopathological examination on toxic models revealed centrizonal necrosis and fatty changes."	( Hepatoprotective activity of picroliv, curcumin and ellagic acid compared to silymarin on paracetamol induced liver toxicity in mice. Girish, C; Jayanthi, S; Koner, BC; Pradhan, SC; Rajesh, B; Ramachandra Rao, K, 2009)	0.62
" The adverse events were also recorded."	( Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Chinswangwatanakul, P; Kuptniratsaikul, V; Thamlikitkul, V; Thanakhumtorn, S; Wattanamongkonsil, L, 2009)	0.35
" No significant difference of adverse events between both groups was found (33."	( Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Chinswangwatanakul, P; Kuptniratsaikul, V; Thamlikitkul, V; Thanakhumtorn, S; Wattanamongkonsil, L, 2009)	0.35
" domestica extracts seem to be similarly efficacious and safe as ibuprofen for the treatment of knee OA."	( Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Chinswangwatanakul, P; Kuptniratsaikul, V; Thamlikitkul, V; Thanakhumtorn, S; Wattanamongkonsil, L, 2009)	0.35
" The acute oral LD50 of DC was found to be > 5000 mg/kg in female SD rats."	( Safety and toxicological evaluation of demethylatedcurcuminoids; a novel standardized curcumin product. Krishnaraju, AV; Sengupta, K; Sundararaju, D; Trimurtulu, G; Venkateswarlu, S, 2009)	0.6
"The present study was carried out to elucidate the effectiveness of curcumin in mitigating the adverse effects caused by N-Methyl N-Nitrosourea (MNU) on mouse cerebellum and cerebrum."	( Modulation of carbohydrate metabolism during N-methyl N-nitrosourea induced neurotoxicity in mice: role of curcumin. Dhawan, DK; Singla, N, 2010)	0.81
" The acute oral LD50 of LI85008F was greater than 5000 mg/kg in female SD rats and no changes in body weight or adverse effects were observed following necropsy."	( Safety and toxicological evaluation of a novel anti-obesity formulation LI85008F in animals. Krishnaraju, AV; Rao, CV; Sengupta, K; Srinivas, P; Sundararaju, D; Trimurtulu, G, 2010)	0.36
" Results revealed that curcumin efficiently ameliorates the toxic effect of As and F by reducing the frequency of structural aberrations (>60%), hypoploidy (>50%) and primary DNA damage."	( Curcumin supplementation protects from genotoxic effects of arsenic and fluoride. Rao, MV; Tiwari, H, 2010)	2.11
"The aim of this study was to explore the adverse effects of lindane pesticide on testes and epididymus weight, sperm head counts, sperm motility, abnormal changes in sperm morphology, biochemical changes in endogenous antioxidants and oxidative enzymes in male wistar rats as well as to assess ameliorating role of 'curcumin'."	( Protective role of curcumin on lindane induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Sharma, P; Singh, R, 2010)	0.86
" There were no dose-related adverse events or differences between groups in uterine size, food intake, corpora lutea, implantations, litter size, number of live fetuses, and gender distribution of fetuses or fetal resorptions."	( Oral dose-ranging developmental toxicity study of an herbal supplement (NT) and gallic acid in rats. Amen, RJ; Booth, A; Greenway, FL; Scott, M, 2010)	0.36
" In the acute oral toxicity study, Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanolic extract did not show any toxic effects in mice at 5 g/kg."	( Evaluation of the antinociceptive activity and acute oral toxicity of standardized ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Devaraj, S; Esfahani, AS; Ismail, S; Ramanathan, S; Yam, MF, 2010)	0.36
" We also show that both intracellular overexpression of alphaS and extracellular addition of oligomeric alphaS increase ROS which induces apoptosis, suggesting that aggregated alphaS may induce similar toxic effects whether it is generated intra- or extracellulary."	( Curcumin reduces alpha-synuclein induced cytotoxicity in Parkinson's disease cell model. Boddapati, S; Emadi, S; Sierks, MR; Wang, MS, 2010)	1.8
" Thus the developed curcumin loaded polymeric nanoparticles of Eudragit S100 were found to be safe for oral administration for a short as well as a prolonged duration."	( Toxicological evaluation of pH-sensitive nanoparticles of curcumin: acute, sub-acute and genotoxicity studies. Dandekar, P; Dhumal, R; Jain, R; Patravale, V; Tiwari, D; Vanage, G, )	0.7
" The aim of this study is to find the most efficacious molecule which does not have any toxic effects."	( Toxicity prediction of compounds from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Balaji, S; Chempakam, B, 2010)	0.36
" The present study investigates the molecular etiology of haloperidol neurotoxicity and the role of curcumin, a well-known anti-oxidant, in ameliorating these adverse effects."	( Protective effect of curcumin and its combination with piperine (bioavailability enhancer) against haloperidol-associated neurotoxicity: cellular and neurochemical evidence. Bishnoi, M; Chopra, K; Kulkarni, SK; Rongzhu, L, 2011)	0.9
" The current PD drugs provide only symptomatic relief and have limitations in terms of adverse effects and inability to prevent neurodegeneration."	( Chronic dietary supplementation with turmeric protects against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-mediated neurotoxicity in vivo: implications for Parkinson's disease. Harish, G; Mythri, RB; Shankaranarayana Rao, BS; Srinivas Bharath, MM; Veena, J, 2011)	0.37
" The objective of the present study was to investigate potential adverse effects, if any, of a novel solid lipid curcumin particle (SLCP) preparation in rats following acute and subchronic administration."	( Safety assessment of a solid lipid curcumin particle preparation: acute and subchronic toxicity studies. Bhadja, N; Dadhaniya, P; Mathuria, N; Muchhara, J; Patel, C; Soni, MG; Vachhani, K, 2011)	0.86
" Results obtained indicated adverse effects of CQ in a dose-dependent manner."	( Role of curcumin on chloroquine phosphate-induced reproductive toxicity. Dattani, JJ; Desai, KR; George, LB; Highland, HN; Moid, N; Rajput, DK, 2012)	0.81
" However, CMN treatment partially reversed these toxic effects of CdCl(2) on the reproductive system."	( Ameliorative effects of curcumin against acute cadmium toxicity on male reproductive system in rats. Aydin, M; Beytur, A; Ciftci, O; Oguzturk, H; Timurkaan, N; Yilmaz, F, 2012)	0.69
" For several years, the natural compound curcumin has been proposed to be a candidate for enhanced clearance of toxic Aβ amyloid."	( Curcumin promotes A-beta fibrillation and reduces neurotoxicity in transgenic Drosophila. Caesar, I; Hammarström, P; Jonson, M; Nilsson, KP; Thor, S, 2012)	2.09
" More importantly, curcumin treatment was found to be safe and did not relate with any adverse events."	( A randomized, pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of curcumin in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Chandran, B; Goel, A, 2012)	0.95
" Besides, we found that curcumin is able not only to inhibit the formation of Al(III)-induced Aβ₄₂ fibrillation, but also to form the Al(III)-curcumin complexes which in turn can remold the preformed, mature, ordered Aβ₄₂ fibrils into the low toxic amorphous aggregates."	( Inhibitory effect of curcumin on the Al(III)-induced Aβ₄₂ aggregation and neurotoxicity in vitro. Jiang, T; Pan, LF; Zhang, YH; Zhi, XL; Zhou, P, 2012)	1
"Combined curcumin and PS-341 treatment has been reported to enhance cytotoxicity and minimize adverse effects through ERK and p38MAPK mechanisms in human multiple myeloma cells."	( Curcumin enhances cytotoxic effects of bortezomib in human multiple myeloma H929 cells: potential roles of NF-κB/JNK. Bai, QX; Zhang, XY, 2012)	2.24
" Co-administration of ECNPs provided pronounced beneficial effects on the adverse changes in oxidative stress parameters induced by arsenic."	( Curcumin encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles: a novel strategy for the treatment of arsenic toxicity. Flora, SJ; Lomash, V; Samim, M; Yadav, A, 2012)	1.82
" The article reviews the recent literature on the adverse effects of herbal remedies including the most widely sold herbal medicinal products, like liquorice, garlic, ginger, green tea, and turmeric, etc."	( Herbs-are they safe enough? an overview. Gupta, R; Saraf, SA; Singh, D, 2012)	0.38
"4 μM), while both are less toxic in the dark."	( Remarkable photocytotoxicity of curcumin in HeLa cells in visible light and arresting its degradation on oxovanadium(IV) complex formation. Banerjee, S; Chakravarty, AR; Hussain, A; Khan, I; Kondaiah, P; Prasad, P, 2012)	0.66
" But, there have not yet any study about effects of sulforophane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR) on the oxidative stress created by acute toxic effects of malathion (MAL) as an OPI often causing human and animal poisoning."	( Effects of sulforophane and curcumin on oxidative stress created by acute malathion toxicity in rats. Alp, A; Alp, H; Aytekin, I; Hatipoglu, NK; Ogun, M, 2012)	0.9
" The study concludes that tested repellent is safe for use and has multi-insects repellent property."	( Field evaluation of repellency of a polyherbal essential oil against blackflies and its dermal toxicity using rat model. Bhola, RK; Bipul, R; Das, NG; Hazarika, S; Lokendra, S; Pronobesh, C; Sunil, D; Vijay, V, 2012)	0.38
" The present study investigates the effects of some medicinal plant extracts from generally recognized as safe plants that may be useful in the prevention and treatment of cancer."	( Combinatorial cytotoxic effects of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale on the PC-3M prostate cancer cell line. Boukli, N; Gandhi, N; Indap, MA; Kadiyala, DB; Kurapati, KR; Nair, MP; Rodriguez, JW; Samikkannu, T; Sathaye, SS; Zainulabedin, SM, 2012)	0.38
" A frequent side effect of etoposide is myelosuppression, which restricts the use of this drug."	( The influence of curcumin and (-)-epicatechin on the genotoxicity and myelosuppression induced by etoposide in bone marrow cells of male rats. Papież, MA, 2013)	0.73
" There were no mortality, adverse clinical signs or changes in body weight; water and food consumption during acute as well as subchronic toxicity studies."	( Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Jeena, K; Kuttan, R; Liju, VB, 2013)	0.39
"Anticancer agents help to suppress cellular damage but subsequently can lead to side effects and toxic manifestations."	( Mitochondrial dysfunction mediated cisplatin induced toxicity: modulatory role of curcumin. Parvez, S; Waseem, M, 2013)	0.62
" Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry demonstrated that the main toxic compounds in essential oil were sesquiterpenoids."	( Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis involved in reproductive toxicity induced by sesquiterpenoids of Curcuma zedoaria in rats. Chen, W; Cui, X; Huang, S; Li, J; Lu, Y; Wang, A; Zhang, K; Zheng, S; Zhou, L, 2013)	0.39
" The acceleration of aggregation by curcumin may decrease the population of toxic oligomeric intermediates of α-Syn."	( Curcumin modulates α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity. Ghosh, D; Kotia, V; Kumar, A; Maji, SK; Mohite, GM; Singh, PK, 2013)	2.11
" No unexpected adverse events were observed and 3 patients safely continued Theracurmin administration for >9 months."	( A phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients. Chiba, T; Hatano, E; Imaizumi, A; Kanai, M; Kawaguchi, M; Kodama, Y; Matsumoto, S; Mori, Y; Murakami, Y; Nishihira, J; Nishimura, T; Otsuka, K; Otsuka, Y; Sato, M; Shibata, H, 2013)	0.61
"Repetitive systemic exposure to high concentrations of curcumin achieved by Theracurmin did not increase the incidence of adverse events in cancer patients receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy."	( A phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients. Chiba, T; Hatano, E; Imaizumi, A; Kanai, M; Kawaguchi, M; Kodama, Y; Matsumoto, S; Mori, Y; Murakami, Y; Nishihira, J; Nishimura, T; Otsuka, K; Otsuka, Y; Sato, M; Shibata, H, 2013)	0.86
"It is concluded that curcumin at concentrations described to be effective in the treatment of tumor cells and in inhibiting death of retinal neurons (∼10 µM) has adverse effects on RPE cells."	( Cytotoxic effects of curcumin in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Bringmann, A; Chen, R; Hollborn, M; Kohen, L; Reichenbach, A; Wiedemann, P, 2013)	1.03
"Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found as a contaminant in human food."	( Synergistic effect of black tea and curcumin in improving the hepatotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1 in rats. Alm-Eldeen, AA; El-Mekkawy, HI; Mona, MH; Shati, AA, 2015)	0.69
" This study provides first clinical evidence that curcumin may be used as an effective and safe modality for treatment in patients with MDD without concurrent suicidal ideation or other psychotic disorders."	( Efficacy and safety of curcumin in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Goel, A; Panchal, B; Patel, T; Sanmukhani, J; Satodia, V; Tiwari, D; Tripathi, CB; Trivedi, J, 2014)	0.97
"Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ)-membrane interactions have been implicated in the formation of toxic oligomers that permeabilize membranes, allowing an influx of calcium ions and triggering cell death in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD)."	( Membrane-mediated neuroprotection by curcumin from amyloid-β-peptide-induced toxicity. Chi, EY; De la Peña, K; López, GP; Moreno, HA; Soliz, G; Thapa, A; Vernon, BC, 2013)	0.66
" The developed formulations did not show any toxicity and were safe for intranasal delivery for brain targeting."	( Optimization of curcumin nanoemulsion for intranasal delivery using design of experiment and its toxicity assessment. Gowthamarajan, K; Jain, K; Sood, S, 2014)	0.75
"Increasing evidence demonstrates that beta-amyloid (Aβ) is toxic to synapses, resulting in the progressive dismantling of neuronal circuits."	( Curcumin protects organotypic hippocampal slice cultures from Aβ1-42-induced synaptic toxicity. Cimarosti, H; Haag, M; Hoppe, JB; Salbego, CG; Whalley, BJ, 2013)	1.83
" No side effect was observed on bladder, aorta, trachea and heart when we used a dose that is effective on the intestine."	( Curcuma longa L. as a therapeutic agent in intestinal motility disorders. 2: Safety profile in mouse. Aldini, R; Budriesi, R; Camarda, L; Camborata, C; Cevenini, M; Chiarini, A; Colliva, C; Mazzella, G; Micucci, M; Montagnani, M; Roda, G; Spinozzi, S, 2013)	0.39
" In acute oral toxicity study, NR-INF-02 was found to be safe up to 5 g/kg body weight in Wistar rats."	( Safety evaluation of turmeric polysaccharide extract: assessment of mutagenicity and acute oral toxicity. Agarwal, A; Balasubramanian, M; Boddapati, SR; Hongasandra Srinivasa, S; Joseph, JA; Richard, EJ; Velusami, CC, 2013)	0.39
" We next established the cytotoxicity profile for 5-FU in MDA-MB-231 cells using a tetrazolium-based cell viability assay and obtained an LD50 value of 28 μM."	( Curcumin reduces cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil treatment in human breast cancer cells. Ferguson, JE; Orlando, RA, 2015)	1.86
"Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is a major dose-limiting side effect in anticancer chemotherapy."	( Curcuma longa (curcumin) decreases in vivo cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through heme oxygenase-1 induction. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Podda, MV; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2014)	0.76
" The objectives of the present study were to investigate the adverse effects of BaP on normal human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), the potential protective effects of curcumin and VE against BaP-induced cellular damage, and the molecular mechanisms of action."	( Curcumin and vitamin E protect against adverse effects of benzo[a]pyrene in lung epithelial cells. Cai, Q; Cromie, MM; Gao, W; Lv, T; Singh, K; Zhu, W, 2014)	2.04
" Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded."	( Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts compared with ibuprofen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter study. Buntragulpoontawee, M; Chootip, C; Dajpratham, P; Kuptniratsaikul, V; Laongpech, S; Lukkanapichonchut, P; Saengsuwan, J; Taechaarpornkul, W; Tantayakom, K, 2014)	0.4
"Nanoencapsulated curcumin administered in combination with dexamethasone provides a partial but marked protection against cisplatin-induced hearing loss, likely because of reduced toxic damage to auditory cells."	( Attenuation of cisplatin ototoxicity by otoprotective effects of nanoencapsulated curcumin and dexamethasone in a guinea pig model. Akinpelu, OV; Daniel, SJ; Meehan, B; Peleva, E; Rak, J; Salehi, P; Waissbluth, S, 2014)	0.97
"Atrazin is currently the most widely used herbicide in agriculture with lots of adverse effects on human health."	( Modulatory effects of curcumin on redox status, mitochondrial function, and caspace-3 expression during atrazin-induced toxicity. Abo El-Noor, MM; Keshk, WA; Shareef, MM; Soliman, NA; Wahdan, AA, 2014)	0.72
"Short-term intravenous dosing of liposomal curcumin appears to be safe up to a dose of 120 mg/m2."	( Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of liposomal curcumin in healthy humans. Aschauer, S; Bolger, G; Gouya, G; Helson, L; Klickovic, U; Storka, A; Vcelar, B; Weisshaar, S; Wolzt, M, 2015)	0.93
" Our investigation clearly revealed that NBDMCA is hemocompatible in vitro and also safe to vital organs in vivo."	( Future of nano bisdemethoxy curcumin analog: guaranteeing safer intravenous delivery. Devasena, T; Francis, AP; Ganapathy, S; Murthy, PB; Palla, VR, 2015)	0.71
" All these data suggest that curcumin reduces toxicity by binding to the amyloidogenic regions of the species on the aggregation pathway and blocking the formation of the toxic species."	( Curcumin binds to the pre-fibrillar aggregates of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and alters its amyloidogenic pathway resulting in reduced cytotoxicity. Bhatia, NK; Deep, S; Jain, N; Katyal, N; Khan, MA; Kundu, B; Srivastava, A, 2015)	2.15
"This study was undertaken to investigate the toxic effects of imidacloprid (IM) on male reproductive system and ameliorative effect of curcumin (CMN) in male Wistar rats."	( Evaluation of ameliorative effect of curcumin on imidacloprid-induced male reproductive toxicity in wistar rats. Badgujar, P; Doltade, S; Kumar, M; Lonare, M; More, A; Raut, S; Telang, A, 2016)	0.91
" The toxic effect of arsenic was also indicated by significantly decreased activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase along with non-enzymatic antioxidant such as reduced glutathione."	( Ameliorative efficacy of tetrahydrocurcumin against arsenic induced oxidative damage, dyslipidemia and hepatic mitochondrial toxicity in rats. Miltonprabu, S; Muthumani, M, 2015)	0.69
" The phase I dose escalation study revealed curcumin to be a safe and tolerable adjunct to FOLFOX chemotherapy in patients with CRLM (n = 12) at doses up to 2 grams daily."	( Curcumin inhibits cancer stem cell phenotypes in ex vivo models of colorectal liver metastases, and is clinically safe and tolerable in combination with FOLFOX chemotherapy. Berry, DP; Brown, K; Cai, H; Dennison, A; Garcea, G; Greaves, P; Griffin-Teal, N; Higgins, JA; Howells, LM; Irving, G; Iwuji, C; James, MI; Karmokar, A; Lloyd, DM; Metcalfe, M; Morgan, B; Patel, SR; Steward, WP; Thomas, A, 2015)	2.12
"Accumulating evidence suggests that deposition of neurotoxic α-synuclein aggregates in the brain during the development of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease can be curbed by anti-aggregation strategies that either disrupt or eliminate toxic aggregates."	( Curcumin Pyrazole and its derivative (N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole) Curcumin inhibit aggregation, disrupt fibrils and modulate toxicity of Wild type and Mutant α-Synuclein. Ahsan, N; Gupta, S; Jain, MK; Mishra, S; Surolia, A, 2015)	1.86
"A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of bentonite clay (BC), diatomaceous earth (DE) and turmeric powder (TUM) in alleviating the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)."	( Efficacy of adsorbents (bentonite and diatomaceous earth) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) in alleviating the toxic effects of aflatoxin in chicks. Chimonyo, M; Dos Anjos, FR; Ledoux, DR; Rottinghaus, GE, 2015)	0.42
" Thus, PDMAEMA-PCL-PDMAEMA triblock micelles could be considered efficient and safe platform for curcumin delivery."	( Cationic triblock copolymer micelles enhance antioxidant activity, intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity of curcumin. Donchev, P; Hadjimitova, V; Kaloyanov, K; Kamenova, K; Kondeva-Burdina, M; Konstantinov, S; Perperieva, T; Petrov, P; Tzankova, V; Yoncheva, K, 2015)	0.85
" However, the adverse effects of these toxins and protein fibrils were negated in the presence of curcumin."	( Curcumin Protects β-Lactoglobulin Fibril Formation and Fibril-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells. Khodagholi, F; Mazaheri, M; Moosavi-Movahedi, AA; Saboury, AA; Shaerzadeh, F; Sheibani, N, 2015)	2.08
" However, little is known about developmental stage dependent toxic effects of rotenone on VM neurons in vitro."	( Differential sensitivity of immature and mature ventral mesencephalic neurons to rotenone induced neurotoxicity in vitro. Kondapi, AK; Satish Bollimpelli, V, 2015)	0.42
"To evaluate the potential of curcumin on toxic and carcinogenic effects of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in relation to AFB1 metabolism, we studied the effects of curcumin on hepatic AFB1-DNA adduct formation and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and the toxic effects of AFB1 in male Fischer 344 rats."	( The Effects of Curcumin on Aflatoxin B1- Induced Toxicity in Rats. Imsilp, K; Kumagai, S; Machii, K; Poapolathep, A; Poapolathep, S, 2015)	1.06
" Owing to their safe use, some polyphenols, such as curcumin, modulate important pathways or molecular targets in cancers."	( Molecular targets for anticancer redox chemotherapy and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: the role of curcumin on pSTAT3 and Nrf-2 signalling. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Mezzogori, D; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2015)	0.88
"This study demonstrates that curcumin attenuates all stages of tumour progression (survival, proliferation) and, by targeting pSTAT3 and Nrf-2 signalling pathways, provides chemosensitisation to cisplatin in vitro and protection from its ototoxic adverse effects in vivo."	( Molecular targets for anticancer redox chemotherapy and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: the role of curcumin on pSTAT3 and Nrf-2 signalling. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Mezzogori, D; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2015)	0.92
" This treatment strategy in head and neck cancer could mediate cisplatin chemoresistance by modulating therapeutic targets (STAT3 and Nrf2) and, at the same time, reduce cisplatin-related ototoxic adverse effects."	( Molecular targets for anticancer redox chemotherapy and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: the role of curcumin on pSTAT3 and Nrf-2 signalling. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Mezzogori, D; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2015)	0.63
"There is a need for new, safe and efficacious drug therapies for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers."	( A novel curcumin derivative increases the cytotoxicity of raloxifene in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell lines. Larsen, L; Nimick, M; Rosengren, RJ; Taurin, S, 2016)	0.87
" The repeated administration of CEC for 90 days in Wistar rats at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight did not induce any observable toxic effects, compared with corresponding control animals."	( Systematic and comprehensive investigation of the toxicity of curcuminoid‑essential oil complex: A bioavailable turmeric formulation. Aggarwal, ML; Chacko, KM; Kuruvilla, BT, 2016)	0.67
" Because of the probable link between hIAPP and the development of type II diabetes, there has been strong interest in developing reagents to study the aggregation of hIAPP and possible therapeutics to block its toxic effects."	( Inhibition of IAPP Aggregation and Toxicity by Natural Products and Derivatives. Brender, JR; Fierke, CA; Pithadia, A; Ramamoorthy, A, 2016)	0.43
"Cadmium (Cd) is one of the major transitional metals that have toxic effects on aquatic organisms."	( Effect of cadmium-polluted diet on growth, salinity stress, hepatotoxicity of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): Protective effect of Zn(II)-curcumin. Chen, M; Chen, SJ; Liu, YJ; Niu, J; Tian, LX; Xu, DH; Yu, YY, 2016)	0.63
"The liver is a target for toxic chemicals such as cadmium (Cd)."	( Histological and immunohistochemical effects of Curcuma longa on activation of rat hepatic stellate cells after cadmium induced hepatotoxicity. El-Mansy, AA; El-Mohandes, EA; Hamed, WS; Mazroa, SA; Yaseen, AH, 2016)	0.43
" Curcuminoids were safe and well tolerated in all evaluated RCTs."	( Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Curcuminoids in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Henrotin, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2016)	1.63
"Curcuminoids supplements may be a safe and effective strategy to improve pain severity, by warranting further rigorously conducted studies to define the long-term efficacy and safety."	( Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Curcuminoids in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Henrotin, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2016)	2.16
"1 μM while being significantly less toxic to MCF-10A normal cells (IC50 = 34 μM) and in the dark (IC50 > 50 μM)."	( Mitochondrial selectivity and remarkable photocytotoxicity of a ferrocenyl neodymium(III) complex of terpyridine and curcumin in cancer cells. Banerjee, S; Hussain, A; Mukherjee, S; Sarkar, T, 2016)	0.64
"The adverse effects of metal-based nanoparticles on human beings and the environment have received extensive attention recently."	( Suppressing the cytotoxicity of CuO nanoparticles by uptake of curcumin/BSA particles. Chen, W; Chen, Y; Gao, C; Jiang, P; Li, G; Luo, P; Mao, Z; Zhang, W; Zheng, B, 2016)	0.67
"25-10 μg/ml) alone was only marginally toxic to tumor cells, photoexcited nanocurcumin displayed a significant cytotoxicity depending both on the irradiation time and nanocurcumin concentration."	( c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent apoptotic photocytotoxicity of solvent exchange-prepared curcumin nanoparticles. Harhaji-Trajkovic, L; Kosic, M; Kravic-Stevovic, T; Markovic, Z; Martinovic, T; Micusik, M; Paunovic, V; Prekodravac, J; Ristic, B; Spitalsky, Z; Todorovic-Markovic, B; Trajkovic, V, 2016)	0.88
" Compounds that modulate α-Syn aggregation and interact with preformed fibrils/oligomers and convert them to less toxic species could have promising applications in the drug development efforts against PD."	( Effect of curcumin analogs onα-synuclein aggregation and cytotoxicity. Anoop, A; Ayyagari, N; Das, S; Ghosh, D; Jacob, RS; Jha, NN; Maji, SK; Namboothiri, IN; Singh, PK, 2016)	0.84
"Data showed that the liposomal curcumin formulation Lipocurc™ was significantly less toxic to synovial fibroblasts and macrophages compared to non-encapsulated, free curcumin."	( In Vitro Study of a Liposomal Curcumin Formulation (Lipocurc™): Toxicity and Biological Activity in Synovial Fibroblasts and Macrophages. Gober, L; Helson, L; Kloesch, B; Loebsch, S; Steiner, G; Vcelar, B, )	0.71
" The preclinical acute dose toxicity study and 90-days repeated dose toxicity study of DB14201 extract in wistar rats by oral route indicated that the extract is safe up to 1000mg/kg dose."	( Antidiabetic potential of polyherbal formulation DB14201: Preclinical development, safety and efficacy studies. Awasthi, A; Bharate, SS; Gopalakrishna Pillai, GK; Jaggi, M; Mishra, G; Mithal, A; Singh, AT; Verma, R; Vishwakarma, RA, 2017)	0.46
" Numeros studies has indicated that curcumin posses protective effects against toxic agents in various systems including cardiovascular."	( Antidotal Effects of Curcumin Against Agents-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity. Farkhondeh, T; Samarghandian, S, )	0.73
" Hence, objective of the current study was to investigate the potential toxic effects of ACS c-SLN combined chemopreventive regimens following acute (3 days), subacute (28 days), and subchronic (90 days) administrations by oral gavage in BALB/c mice."	( Preclinical systemic toxicity evaluation of chitosan-solid lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated aspirin and curcumin in combination with free sulforaphane in BALB/c mice. Chenreddy, S; Khamas, W; Prabhu, S; Thakkar, A; Thio, A; Wang, J, 2016)	0.65
" Curcumin is one of the safe spices that have chemoprotection and cytoprotection effects against endogenous and exogenous noxious stimuli."	( Curcumin improves atorvastatin-induced myotoxicity in rats: Histopathological and biochemical evidence. El-Kenawy, AE; Elshama, SS; Osman, HH, 2016)	2.79
"Present study examines the possibility of β-cyfluthrin (β-CYF) induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity, histopathological alterations and the role of curcumin (CUR) in alleviating its toxic effects."	( Curcumin modulates oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by a type II fluorinated pyrethroid, beta-cyfluthrin. Awasthi, KK; John, PJ; Rajawat, NK; Soni, I; Verma, R, 2016)	2.08
"Neurotoxicity is an unwanted side-effect seen in patients receiving therapy with the "last-line" polymyxin antibiotics."	( Curcumin Attenuates Colistin-Induced Neurotoxicity in N2a Cells via Anti-inflammatory Activity, Suppression of Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Cappai, R; Ciccotosto, GD; Dai, C; Li, D; Tang, S; Velkov, T; Xiao, X; Xie, S, 2018)	1.92
" Furthermore, these samples reduce the toxic effects of CUR."	( Curcumin-Loaded Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Inhibit α-Synuclein Fibrillation and Reduce Its Cytotoxicity-Associated Effects. Aliakbari, F; Arpanaei, A; Morshedi, D; Rahimi, F; Taebnia, N; Yaghmaei, S, 2016)	1.88
" Moreover, the usage of cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic, is associated with several adverse effects affecting the quality of life of the patients."	( Curcumin: A potentially powerful tool to reverse cisplatin-induced toxicity. Momtazi, AA; Monemi, A; Rezaee, R; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	1.9
"The present study was aimed at evaluating the cardioprotective effects of silymarin (SLY) and curcumin (CUR), which have strong antioxidant properties, against the toxic effects of high-dose CP on the heart of rats."	( Protective effects of silymarin and curcumin on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. Akkoç, AN; Akşit, H; Avci, H; Birincioglu, SS; Boyacioglu, M; Epikmen, ET; Ipek, E; Sekkin, S; Tunca, R, 2017)	0.95
" These results certified that a slightly positive surface charge of nanocarriers could achieve the balance between well antitumor efficiency and mild adverse effects."	( Effects of surface charge of low molecular weight heparin-modified cationic liposomes on drug efficacy and toxicity. Chen, Y; Ci, T; Deng, Y; Ke, X; Li, H; Wang, Y, 2017)	0.46
"Together, these data indicate a potentially translatable dose of nCUR that is safe and efficacious in improving beta cell function, which could prevent T1DM."	( Nano-curcumin safely prevents streptozotocin-induced inflammation and apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells for effective management of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arora, M; Basu, R; Ganugula, R; Guo, S; Jaisamut, P; Jørgensen, HG; Majeti, NVRK; Rodrigues Hoffmann, A; Venkatpurwar, VP; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Zhou, B, 2017)	0.97
"Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main toxic events leading to dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) and identified as vital objective for therapeutic intercession."	( Neuroprotective effect of Demethoxycurcumin, a natural derivative of Curcumin on rotenone induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY 5Y Neuroblastoma cells. Chidambaram, R; Dhanalakshmi, C; Essa, MM; Gobi, VV; Justin Thenmozhi, A; Kalandar, A; Manivasagam, T; Rajasankar, S; Ramkumar, M, 2017)	0.73
"The use of dietary antioxidants to modulate the toxic side effects induced by the anticancer drugs used in chemotherapy is currently eliciting considerable interest."	( Modulatory effect of curcumin against genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by cisplatin and methotrexate in male mice. Noshy, MM; Said Salem, NI; Said, AA, 2017)	0.77
" The spleen cells appear more susceptible to the adverse effects of DLM than thymus cells."	( Mechanism of deltamethrin induced thymic and splenic toxicity in mice and its protection by piperine and curcumin: in vivo study. Kumar, A; Sasmal, D; Sharma, N, 2018)	0.69
" In vitro toxicity studies in THP1 and H9c2 cell lines showed that CTNPs are safe even at a dose of 200 ng."	( In vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicity evaluation of curcumin incorporated titanium dioxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Abraham, A; Balachandran, S; Sheeja, S; Sherin, S; Soumya, RS; Sudha Devi, R, 2017)	0.69
" Nephrotoxicity is a life-threatening side-effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)."	( Curcumin ameliorates diclofenac sodium-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. Ahmed, AY; El-Raouf, OMA; Gad, AM, 2017)	1.9
" Rats were divided into four groups; one group received 20 % LD50 of carbofuran another group of rats received same doses of carbofuran was  pretreated with curcumin (100 mg kg-1 body weight) and remaining two other groups served as control and curcumin treated animals."	( Curcumin mediated attenuation of carbofuran induced toxicity in the heart of Wistar rats. Gupta, VK; Jaiswal, SK; Sharma, B; Siddiqi, NJ, 2017)	2.1
" Turmeric and curcumin appeared safe, and no serious adverse events were reported in any of the included studies."	( Efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in lowering blood lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gong, J; Hu, H; Huang, J; Huang, L; Qin, S; Ren, H; Shen, S, 2017)	1.09
" Though chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles are a well-known antimicrobial agent, they are toxic to human cells at higher concentrations."	( Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin-silver nanoparticles with improved stability and selective toxicity to bacteria over mammalian cells. Jaiswal, S; Mishra, P, 2018)	0.75
" No serious adverse events or treatment-related deaths were detected."	( Safety and Efficacy of Nanocurcumin as Add-On Therapy to Riluzole in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. Agah, E; Aghamollaii, V; Ahmadi, M; Faghihi-Kashani, S; Ghoreishi, A; Harirchian, MH; Hosseini, M; Hosseini, SJ; Jaafari, MR; Nafissi, S; Sarraf, P; Tafakhori, A, 2018)	0.78
" This review is intended to address the current knowledge on DOX adverse effects and CUR protective actions in the heart, kidneys, liver, brain, and reproductive organs."	( Protective effects of curcumin against doxorubicin-induced toxicity and resistance: A review. Mohajeri, M; Sahebkar, A, 2018)	0.8
" Studies on human did not show toxic effects, and curcumin was safe at the dose of 6 g/day orally for 4-7 weeks."	( Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its major constituent (curcumin) as nontoxic and safe substances: Review. Hosseinzadeh, H; Sahebkar, A; Soleimani, V, 2018)	0.98
" This review is aimed to highlight and provide important information on NSAID prodrugs that have been designed and reported to be safe and more effective."	( Prodrugs of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): A Long March Towards Synthesis of Safer NSAIDs. Prasad, DN; Sehajpal, S; Singh, RK, 2018)	0.48
" We claim that a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity may ameliorate the CNT-induced toxic effect."	( Multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced inhalation toxicity: Recognizing nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog as an ameliorating candidate. Devasena, T; Francis, AP; Ganapathy, S; Murthy, PB; Palla, VR; Ramaprabhu, S, 2018)	0.7
" Adverse events were few, with no significant differences between groups."	( Efficacy and Safety of Curcumin in Treatment of Intestinal Adenomas in Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Brosens, LA; Casero, RA; Cruz-Correa, M; Giardiello, FM; Hylind, LM; Iacobuzio-Donahue, C; Marrero, JH; Montgomery, EA; Murray-Stewart, T; Offerhaus, GJ; Rodriguez, LM; Umar, A; Zahurak, ML, 2018)	0.79
" The toxic events started only after the introduction of the dietary products."	( Hepatotoxicity induced by paclitaxel interaction with turmeric in association with a microcystin from a contaminated dietary supplement. Azevedo, J; Campos, MG; Costa, ML; Eiras, E; Rodrigues, JA; Vasconcelos, V, 2018)	0.48
" The studies on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution further revealed that DOX delivered by CPMDC could result in prolonged systemic circulation and increased DOX accumulation in tumor but decreased level of the toxic metabolite doxorubicinol in heart tissue compared to free DOX alone or the cocktail combination."	( A complex micellar system co-delivering curcumin with doxorubicin against cardiotoxicity and tumor growth. Liu, J; Wang, H; Wang, N; Xu, H; Xu, Q; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yu, G; Zhang, D, 2018)	0.75
" Furthermore, the toxic effects of curcumin treatment alongside glucose‑regulated protein 78 (GRP78) knockdown using small interfering (si)RNA, and treatment with the pan‑caspase inhibitor Z‑VAD‑FMK and the protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor MK‑2206 were detected."	( Downregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78 enhances the cytotoxic effects of curcumin on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Shi, L; Wang, H; Wen, Y; Yan, L; Yu, X; Zhang, X, 2018)	0.98
"Calcineurin inhibitors are effective immunosuppressive agents, but associated adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity may limit efficacy."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Tacrolimus-Induced Nephrotoxicity Via Inhibiting Apoptosis. Jang, HJ; Kim, HJ; Lee, JH; Oh, MY; Park, CS, 2018)	0.88
" It was also found to be safe and well tolerated as there was no incidence of treatment related AEs."	( A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel-Group Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Curene® versus Placebo in Reducing Symptoms of Knee OA. Mohanty, N; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK; Parachur, VA; Swain, T, 2018)	0.48
" CurSD showed cytotoxicity against all the tested tumor cell lines without toxic effects for non-tumor cells."	( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of enzymatic and antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of curcumin-loaded solid dispersions. Barreiro, MF; Bressan, GN; Calhelha, RC; Fachinetto, R; Ferreira, ICFR; Gonçalves, OH; Ineu, RP; Krum, BN; Leimann, FV; Peron, AP; Pinela, J; Silva de Sá, I, 2019)	0.73
"New targeted therapies are intended to minimize the toxic effects and maximize destruction of tumor cells."	( Augmented cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel by curcumin induced overexpression of folate receptor-α for enhanced targeted drug delivery in HeLa cells. Dhanasekaran, S, 2019)	0.77
" Adverse effects were significantly less in the curcumin group (13% versus 38% in the diclofenac group; P <0."	( Safety and efficacy of curcumin versus diclofenac in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized open-label parallel-arm study. Gade, P; Karad, S; Khanwelkar, C; Shep, D, 2019)	1.08
"It has been deduced that the promising green synthesized Cur-IONPs as an "All in One" nanoplatform is safe enough to be used in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes."	( Long-term biodistribution and toxicity of curcumin capped iron oxide nanoparticles after single-dose administration in mice. Aboushoushah, SF; Alshammari, WW; Elbialy, NS, 2019)	0.78
"Addition of daily oral curcumin to FOLFOX chemotherapy was safe and tolerable (primary outcome)."	( Curcumin Combined with FOLFOX Chemotherapy Is Safe and Tolerable in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Randomized Phase IIa Trial. Barber, S; Brown, K; Foreman, N; Gescher, A; Griffin-Teall, N; Howells, LM; Irving, GRB; Iwuji, COO; Morgan, B; Patel, SR; Sidat, Z; Singh, R; Steward, WP; Thomas, AL; Walter, H, 2019)	2.27
"Curcumin is a safe and tolerable adjunct to FOLFOX chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer."	( Curcumin Combined with FOLFOX Chemotherapy Is Safe and Tolerable in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Randomized Phase IIa Trial. Barber, S; Brown, K; Foreman, N; Gescher, A; Griffin-Teall, N; Howells, LM; Irving, GRB; Iwuji, COO; Morgan, B; Patel, SR; Sidat, Z; Singh, R; Steward, WP; Thomas, AL; Walter, H, 2019)	3.4
"Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a frequent serious adverse effect, contributing to morbidity and increased healthcare utilization."	( Efficacy of curcumin on prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review of animal studies. Barreto, GE; Beiraghdar, F; Motaharinia, J; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	0.89
" The present study was aimed to investigate the adverse effects of BPA and its protection by taurine and curcumin."	( Testicular toxicity of orally administrated bisphenol A in rats and protective role of taurine and curcumin. Apaydin, FG; Kalender, S; Kalender, Y, 2019)	0.94
"Both SL and CUR pretreatment prevented the toxic effects of PCM, but CUR is more effective than SL in ameliorating acute PCM induced hepatotoxicity."	( Protective effects of curcumin and silymarin against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Ahmad, MM; Fawzy, A; Rezk, NA; Sabry, M, 2019)	0.83
" No test item-related adverse effects were observed in the 28- or 90-day studies; therefore, 3000 mg/kg body weight/day (the maximum feasible dose and highest dose tested in rats) was established as the no-observed-adverse-effect level."	( Toxicological safety evaluation of a novel highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation. Ahlborn, E; Baldwin, NJ; Fança-Berthon, P; Phipps, KR; Privat, K; Quesnot, N, 2020)	0.56
"The goal of the current study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile, tissue distribution and adverse effects of long-circulating liposomes (LCL) with curcumin (CURC) and doxorubicin (DOX), in order to provide further evidence for previously demonstrated enhanced antitumor efficacy in colon cancer models."	( Improved pharmacokinetics and reduced side effects of doxorubicin therapy by liposomal co-encapsulation with curcumin. Abrudan, B; Banciu, M; Licarete, E; Luput, L; Muntean, D; Patras, L; Porfire, A; Rauca, V; Sesarman, A; Sylvester, B; Tefas, L; Vlase, L, 2021)	1.03
"Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal pollutant with adverse effects on the liver and other body organs."	( Curcumin Ameliorates Lead-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Modulating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway. Alenazi, AM; Alhusaini, A; Fadda, L; Hasan, IH; Mahmoud, AM; Zakaria, E, 2019)	1.96
" Cyclophosphamide as a chemotherapeutic agent induces acute cardiotoxicity through its toxic metabolite, acrolein."	( Immunohistochemical and histological evaluations of cyclophosphamide-induced acute cardiotoxicity in wistar rats: The role of turmeric extract (curcuma). Abijo, AZ; Abiodun, AA; Arayombo, BE; Fakunle, OO; Komolafe, OA; Ojo, SK; Saka, OS, 2020)	0.56
"Iron is an essential element that involved in many vital physiological functions in fish, while excess iron concentration causes many toxic effects."	( Effect of Curcumin on Iron Toxicity and Bacterial Infection in Catfish ( Abbas, WT; Elgendy, MY; Ibrahim, TBE; Zaher, MFA, 2019)	0.92
"Lead, toxic heavy metal of global concern, induces toxicity in various organs via oxidative stress."	( Ameliorative effect of curcumin against lead acetate-induced hemato-biochemical alterations, hepatotoxicity, and testicular oxidative damage in rats. Abdelhamid, FM; Ateya, AI; Mahgoub, HA, 2020)	0.87
"Cypermethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, may cause several adverse effects including nephrotoxicity."	( Nephroprotective effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles in cypermethrin induced renal toxicity in rabbits. Akhtar, B; Anwar, M; Muhammad, F; Saleemi, MK; Ur Rehman, S, 2020)	0.85
"These results indicate that liposomal curcumin is safe when administered directly into the pleural cavity and may represent a viable alternative to intravenous infusion in patients with pleural-based tumors."	( The Safety and Exploration of the Pharmacokinetics of Intrapleural Liposomal Curcumin. Hocking, A; Klebe, S; Sordillo, P; Tommasi, S, 2020)	1.06
"Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous toxic heavy metal that inflicts numerous clinical consequences on humans."	( Ameliorative effect of curcumin on lead-induced hematological and hepatorenal toxicity in a rat model. Abdul Rahim, E; Abu Bakar Zakaria, MZ; Abubakar, K; Chiroma, SM; Danmaigoro, A; Mailafiya, MM; Zyoud, TYT, 2020)	0.87
" In this study, curcumin and taurine application provided protection against renal toxicity caused by BPA but did not prevent toxic effect completely."	( Protective potential of curcumin or taurine on nephrotoxicity caused by bisphenol A. Aslanturk, A; Uzunhisarcikli, M, 2020)	1.21
" Safety after treatment was evaluated by recording adverse events and laboratory investigations."	( Efficacy and safety of combination of curcuminoid complex and diclofenac versus diclofenac in knee osteoarthritis: A randomized trial. Gade, P; Karad, S; Khanwelkar, C; Shep, D, 2020)	0.83
" Adverse effects were significantly less in curcuminoid complex plus diclofenac group (13% vs 38% in diclofenac group; P < ."	( Efficacy and safety of combination of curcuminoid complex and diclofenac versus diclofenac in knee osteoarthritis: A randomized trial. Gade, P; Karad, S; Khanwelkar, C; Shep, D, 2020)	1.09
" These xenobiotics interact individually or in combination with biological systems and act as carcinogen or produce other toxic effects including reproductive and degenerative diseases."	( In vitro and in vivo effects of flubendiamide and copper on cyto-genotoxicity, oxidative stress and spleen histology of rats and its modulation by resveratrol, catechin, curcumin and α-tocopherol. Garg, SK; Kumar, R; Mandil, R; Prakash, A; Rahal, A; Sharma, D; Singh, SP, 2020)	0.75
"Arsenic is a recognized highly toxic contaminant, responsible for numerous human diseases and affecting many millions of people in different parts of the world."	( Curcumin alleviates arsenic-induced toxicity in PC12 cells via modulating autophagy/apoptosis. Akter, M; Banik, S; Hosokawa, T; Kurasaki, M; Rahaman, MS; Rahman, MM; Saito, T; Sikder, MT, 2020)	2
" PVP-stabilised nanoceria was shown to inhibit autoxidation of curcumin, to enhance curcumin photostability, to promote bioaccumulation and to affect curcumin cytotoxicity and photocytotoxicity, depending on cell type, being more toxic to cancer cells in a selective manner."	( Nanoceria-curcumin conjugate: Synthesis and selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells under oxidative stress conditions. Baranchikov, AE; Ivanov, VK; Ivanova, OS; Reukov, V; Shcherbakov, AB; Zholobak, NM, 2020)	1.2
" Besides, curcumin administration reduces adverse effects of PTX due to its excellent pharmacological activities."	( Curcumin in cancer therapy: A novel adjunct for combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and alleviation of its adverse effects. Ashrafizadeh, M; Entezari, M; Hashemi, F; Hushmandi, K; Moghadam, ER; Mohammadinejad, R; Najafi, M; Zarrabi, A, 2020)	2.4
" Long-term exposure to arsenic has strong adverse health effects on liver and kidney disorders, and various forms of cancer."	( Effects of curcumin, D-pinitol alone or in combination in cytotoxicity induced by arsenic in PC12 cells. Binte Hossain, KF; Hosokawa, T; Kurasaki, M; Rahaman, MS; Saito, T; Yamasaki, S, 2020)	0.95
" One of the major causative agents of neurotoxicity is a non-essential transition heavy metal, Cadmium (Cd), that reaches the central nervous system (CNS) through the nasal mucosa and olfactory pathway causing adverse structural and functional effects."	( The neuroprotective effect of curcumin against Cd-induced neurotoxicity and hippocampal neurogenesis promotion through CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Ali, S; Mehta, R; Namgyal, D; Sarwat, M, 2020)	0.85
"The increasing role of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in many industries and their broad range of applications increase its potential toxic effects."	( Ameliorative role of curcumin on copper oxide nanoparticles-mediated renal toxicity in rats: An investigation of molecular mechanisms. Abdel Hamid, OI; El-Shal, AS; Elkhateeb, SA; Ibrahim, TR, 2020)	0.88
" The overall outcomes suggest that Se-ZnO-NAB can be of significant importance for combating multi-drug resistance but must be used with extreme caution, particularly in pregnancy, as moderate toxicity was observed at a toxic dose of 2000 mg kg-1."	( Green synthesized selenium doped zinc oxide nano-antibiotic: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial, nanotoxicity and teratogenicity potential. Ahmad, B; Akhtar, S; Anwar, F; Hussain, I; Hussain, SZ; Javed, F; Majeed, A; Nadhman, A; Saleem, U; Shahnaz, G; Sohail, MF, 2020)	0.56
"The incidence of adverse events and the changes from baseline in clinical laboratory parameters-including hematological, biochemical, and urinalysis parameters-were assessed at baseline, at day 42, and postintervention at day 84 as primary endpoints for safety."	( Safety of NR-INF-02, an Extract of Curcuma Longa Containing Turmerosaccharides, in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Open-label Clinical Trial. Bethapudi, B; Kumari, S; Mohan Mv, R; Mundkinajeddu, D; Selvi, M, 2022)	0.72
"83% incidence of adverse events (AEs), respectively."	( Safety of NR-INF-02, an Extract of Curcuma Longa Containing Turmerosaccharides, in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Open-label Clinical Trial. Bethapudi, B; Kumari, S; Mohan Mv, R; Mundkinajeddu, D; Selvi, M, 2022)	0.72
"The study found NR-INF-02 to be safe and tolerable at both tested doses for the given duration of the trial for healthy adult volunteers."	( Safety of NR-INF-02, an Extract of Curcuma Longa Containing Turmerosaccharides, in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Open-label Clinical Trial. Bethapudi, B; Kumari, S; Mohan Mv, R; Mundkinajeddu, D; Selvi, M, 2022)	0.72
"Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug that has adverse effects on gastrointestinal function."	( Curcumin Alleviates the Side Effects of Cisplatin on Gastric Emptying of Mice by Inhibiting the Signal Changes of Acetylcholine and Interstitial Cells of Cajal. Li, H; Li, P; Liu, X; Shang, F; Xu, W; Ye, J; Yu, X, 2020)	2
" Hepatotoxicity is still a poor feature associated with the adverse effects of OLA."	( Molecular mechanism of olaquindox-induced hepatotoxicity and the hepatic protective role of curcumin. Dai, C; Li, C; Li, D; Li, L; Liu, X; Pei, X; Tang, S; Xiao, X; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2020)	0.78
" Clinical response, endoscopic remission, inflammatory markers and adverse events will be assessed as the secondary outcomes."	( The effectiveness and safety of curcumin as a complementary therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu, W; Suo, F; Yang, Z; Yao, S; Zhou, X; Zhu, X, 2020)	0.84
"This study will provide a synthesis of current evidence of curcumin for IBD from several aspects, such as clinical remission, clinical response, endoscopic remission, inflammatory markers, and adverse events."	( The effectiveness and safety of curcumin as a complementary therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu, W; Suo, F; Yang, Z; Yao, S; Zhou, X; Zhu, X, 2020)	1.08
" We therefore propose that curcumin, when administered with AgNPs, can abrogate the toxic manifestations of AgNPs ingestion and hence can be incorporated in various consumer products encompassing it."	( Combating silver nanoparticle-mediated toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster with curcumin. Agrawal, N; Padmanabhan, A; Raj, A; Shah, P; Singh, A, 2021)	1.15
" CP (6 mg/kg, given once intraperitoneally) induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by several significant adverse physiological, biochemical and histopathological actions that included a reduction in body weight, increased urine production, and significant alterations in some conventional and novel renal damage indices in plasma, urine and kidneys."	( Effect of concomitant treatment of curcumin and melatonin on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Abdelrahman, A; Al Suleimani, Y; Al Za'abi, M; Ali, BH; Ali, H; Manoj, P; Nemmar, A, 2020)	0.84
" Spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions to food supplements are collected within the Phytovigilance system."	( Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) food supplements and hepatotoxicity: an integrated evaluation approach. Altieri, I; Bonan, S; Boniglia, C; Brera, C; De Santis, B; Debegnach, F; Fedrizzi, G; Firenzuoli, F; Gallo, FR; Giannetti, L; Graziano, S; Ippoliti, I; Mazzanti, G; Menniti-Ippolito, F; Moretti, U; Moro, PA; Multari, G; Neri, B; Pacifici, R; Palazzino, G; Pastorelli, AA; Pellegrini, M; Pichini, S; Rotolo, MC; Russo, K; Salvi, E; Scalise, F; Silano, M; Stacchini, P; Traversa, G; Valeri, A, )	0.13
" This study highlights the importance of developing an integrated evaluation approach for the evaluation of the adverse effects associated with the use of food supplements."	( Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) food supplements and hepatotoxicity: an integrated evaluation approach. Altieri, I; Bonan, S; Boniglia, C; Brera, C; De Santis, B; Debegnach, F; Fedrizzi, G; Firenzuoli, F; Gallo, FR; Giannetti, L; Graziano, S; Ippoliti, I; Mazzanti, G; Menniti-Ippolito, F; Moretti, U; Moro, PA; Multari, G; Neri, B; Pacifici, R; Palazzino, G; Pastorelli, AA; Pellegrini, M; Pichini, S; Rotolo, MC; Russo, K; Salvi, E; Scalise, F; Silano, M; Stacchini, P; Traversa, G; Valeri, A, )	0.13
"Green synthesis, an alternative method for synthesizing nanoparticles, is cheaper, environmentally friendly, and does not show toxic effects."	( One Pot Green Synthesis of Doxorubicin and Curcumin Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Studies. Ak, G; Cin, AN; Karakayalı, T; Özel, B; Şanlıer, ŞH, 2021)	0.88
" Therefore, in this study sodium alginate and chitosan were used to synthesize the hydrogels that are known as biocompatible, hydrophilic and low toxic drug delivery systems."	( Cytotoxicity Effects of Curcumin Loaded on Chitosan Alginate Nanospheres on the KMBC-10 Spheroids Cell Line. Afzali, E; Ansari, M; Eslaminejad, T; Shahrokhi-Farjah, M; Yazdi Rouholamini, SE, 2021)	0.93
" Adverse events were monitored weekly."	( Efficacy and safety of a supplement combination on hand pain among people with symptomatic hand osteoarthritis an internet-based, randomised clinical trial the RADIANT study. Deveza, LA; Eyles, J; Fedorova, T; Hunter, DJ; Liu, X; McLachlan, AJ; Robbins, S; Virk, S, 2021)	0.62
"Cardiotoxicity is a major adverse effect that can be induced by both therapeutic agents and industrial chemicals."	( Protective effects of curcumin on chemical and drug-induced cardiotoxicity: a review. Hayes, AW; Karimi, G; Yarmohammadi, F, 2021)	0.94
" The present findings indicate that oxidative stress, inhibition in AchE, MAO, and the subsequent elevation in dopamine could have a crucial role in mediating the chemo-brain adverse effects induced by DOX."	( Protective effect of nanocurcumin against neurotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rat's brain. Hosny, EN; Khadrawy, YA; Mohammed, HS, 2021)	0.92
" In terms of adverse events, Curcuma longa extract and curcumin are comparable with those of placebo."	( The efficacy and safety of Curcuma longa extract and curcumin supplements on osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, H; Hao, W; Yang, K; Yu, G; Zeng, L, 2021)	1.12
"In the study, it was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of curcumin, a potent antioxidant, against the toxic effect of nonylphenol on bone development."	( The protective role of curcumin against toxic effect of nonylphenol on bone development. Atay, E; Cengiz, O; Ceyhan, A; Ertekin, T; Nisari, M; Suna, PA; Yay, A, 2021)	1.16
"The efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer therapy is limited due to resistance, treatment selectivity, and severe adverse effects."	( Curcumin-cisplatin chemotherapy: A novel strategy in promoting chemotherapy efficacy and reducing side effects. Aschner, M; Filosa, R; Hussain, Y; Islam, L; Javed, S; Khan, H, 2021)	2.06
" Together these results suggested that although higher hydrophobicity of the gelatin-pluronic nanocomposite facilitated higher entrapment of CUR, the carrier per se became toxic due to its hydrophobic interaction with lipid bilayer of plasma membrane."	( Balancing loading, cellular uptake, and toxicity of gelatin-pluronic nanocomposite for drug delivery: Influence of HLB of pluronic. Das, RP; Gandhi, VV; Kunwar, A; Singh, BG, 2022)	0.72
" For assessing processing induced safety of the formulation, in vitro cytotoxicity of the microfluidized nanocurcumin emulsion was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on HepG2 cells, wherein high % of cell viability (>93%) was seen even at a dose as high as 900 µg/mL revealing no toxic effect of the processing technique (microfluidization)."	( Nanoencapsulated curcumin emulsion utilizing milk cream as a potential vehicle by microfluidization: Bioaccessibility, cytotoxicity and physico-functional properties. Badgujar, PC; Dilbaghi, N; Kondepudi, KK; Mishra, V; Tarafdar, A; Verma, K, 2021)	1.17
" In this context, the use of curcumin, a dietary phytochemical derived from turmeric, as a natural and safe antioxidant with iron-chelating activity may be a useful strategy for the management of iron overload."	( Protective Effects of Curcumin against Iron-induced Toxicity. Barati, M; Iranshahy, M; Moinipour, N; Sahebkar, A; Shakeri, A, 2022)	1.33
" No difference in the rate and nature of adverse events was observed between the two treatment groups."	( ProspeCtive study to evaluate efficacy, safety and tOlerability of dietary supplemeNT of Curcumin (BCM95) in subjects with Active relapsing MultIple Sclerosis treated with subcutaNeous Interferon beta 1a 44 mcg TIW (CONTAIN): A randomized, controlled tria Assogna, F; Capacchione, A; Carotenuto, A; D'Ambrosio, G; Lanzillo, R; Moccia, M; Morra, VB; Petracca, M; Quarantelli, M; Ragucci, M; Satelliti, B; Vacca, G, 2021)	0.84
" However, CP has adverse effects on several organs of the body, and drug resistance is frequently observed."	( Curcumin and its derivatives in cancer therapy: Potentiating antitumor activity of cisplatin and reducing side effects. Abadi, AJ; Aghamiri, S; Aref, AR; Ashrafizadeh, M; Hamblin, MR; Hashemi, F; Hushmandi, K; Mahabady, MK; Mirzaei, S; Raee, P; Sethi, G; Zabolian, A; Zarrabi, A, 2022)	2.16
"The cancer therapy using cyclophosphamide (CP) has been associated with adverse effects on the testicular function that raises concerns about the future fertility potential among cancer survivors."	( Curcumin nanocrystals attenuate cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Adiga, SK; Dcunha, R; Gopalan, D; Kalthur, G; Kalthur, SG; Kumari, S; Kunhiraman, JP; Murari, MS; Mutalik, S; Nayak, G; Poojary, KK; Raghu, SV; Rao, RR; Vasani, A, 2021)	2.06
" In the subacute toxicity study, CSE showed no drug-related adverse effects on water and food consumption, body and organ weights."	( Bioactive chemical constituents, in vitro anti-proliferative activity and in vivo toxicity of the extract of Curcuma singularis Gagnep rhizomes. Doan, CC; Ho, NQC; Hoang, NS; La, THL; Le, TL; Le, VD; Nguyen, TPT; Nguyen, VC, 2022)	0.72
"In this study, IR had some toxic effects in rat testis tissue; these effects were ameliorated by CRC treatment."	( Curcumin protects against testis-specific side effects of irinotecan. Aydın, M; Başak, N; Çetin, A; Çiftci, O; Gökhan Turtay, M; Gürbüz, Ş; Oğuztürk, H; Uyanık, Ö; Yücel, N, 2021)	2.06
" No severe adverse effects had been reported."	( Efficacy and safety of adjuvant curcumin therapy in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Li, X; Miao, M; Wang, N; Wei, L; Yin, J, 2022)	1
"Available evidence suggested that adjuvant curcumin therapy may be effective for clinical remission in ulcerative colitis patients without causing severe adverse effects."	( Efficacy and safety of adjuvant curcumin therapy in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Li, X; Miao, M; Wang, N; Wei, L; Yin, J, 2022)	1.27
" Furthermore, curcumin can efficiently rescue cardiomyocytes from these adverse effects."	( Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Metabolic and Cytotoxic Effects of Isoproterenol on Cardiomyocytes Are p53-Dependent and Reversed by Curcumin. Jung, KH; Kim, DH; Kim, M; Lee, JH; Lee, KH, 2022)	1.29
" aeruginosa presented no significant toxic effect in normal human lung cells (L-132)."	( Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. exhibits cytotoxicity in A-549 and HeLa cells by inducing apoptosis through caspase-dependent pathways. Kumar, NS; Lalnunmawia, F; Lalrinzuali, K; Mathipi, V; Zohmachhuana, A, 2022)	0.72
" Overall survival, progression-free survival, tumor response, and adverse events were evaluated."	( Long-term Survival, Tolerability, and Safety of First-Line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in Combination With Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Baek, JH; Jeon, Y; Sym, SJ; Yoo, BK, )	0.33
" The most common grade 3 or higher adverse events were neutropenia (n = 15, 34."	( Long-term Survival, Tolerability, and Safety of First-Line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in Combination With Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Baek, JH; Jeon, Y; Sym, SJ; Yoo, BK, )	0.33
" BPA exposure has toxic effects on the glandular portion of the stomach in rats."	( Curcumin ameliorated low dose-Bisphenol A induced gastric toxicity in adult albino rats. El-Meligy, MMS; Ismail, OI, 2022)	2.16
" TTO did not induce any adverse reactions."	( Preclinical safety of tetrahydrocurcumin loaded lipidic nanoparticles incorporated into tacrolimus ointment: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Arora, C; Chitkara, D; Kakkar, V; Saini, K; Saini, M; Sharma, S, 2022)	1
" It is suggested that nanocurcumin-based drugs be developed to reduce the toxic effects of ALP in poisoned patients."	( Nanocurcumin Improves Lipid Status, Oxidative Stress, and Function of the Liver in Aluminium Phosphide-Induced Toxicity: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Fathi Jouzdani, A; Ghafouri-Khosrowshahi, A; Ghasemi, H; Kheiripour, N; Ranjbar, A; Salimi, A; Soleimani Asl, S, 2022)	1.58
" This systematic review and meta-analysis found that 1) curcumin may decrease body mass index (BMI), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Triglycerides (TG) total cholesterol (TC), and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to placebo; and curcumin does not increase the occurrence of adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenol supplementation in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, J; Ge, A; Ge, J; Wang, S; Xu, H; Yang, K; Yuan, X; Zeng, L; Zhang, T, 2022)	0.97
" Cypermethrin, the chosen pesticide, contaminates the aquatic environment after being washed off from the agricultural field to nearby water bodies leading to biomagnification-related perturbation of the ecological balance and overall environmental health by elevating adverse effects on non-target organisms producing toxic metabolites through biotransformation."	( Poly lactide-co-glycolide encapsulated nano-curcumin promoting antagonistic interactions between HSP 90 and XRCC1 proteins to prevent cypermethrin-induced toxicity: An in silico predicted in vitro and in vivo approach. Bera, M; Dey, R; Dey, S; Majumder, A; Nandi, S; Samadder, A; Sow, P, 2022)	0.98
" Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of adverse pregnancy outcomes."	( Dietary Antioxidant Curcumin Mitigates CuO Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity through the Oxidative Stress Pathway in Human Placental Cells. Ahamed, M; Akhtar, MJ; Lateef, R; Rajanahalli, P, 2022)	1.04
"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-factorial heterogeneous syndrome that has both adverse reproductive and metabolic implications for affected women and its management is a challenging clinical problem."	( Therapeutic effect and safety of curcumin in women with PCOS: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Han, Y; Jiang, H; Pan, Y; Qu, Y; Shen, W; Wang, H; Wu, X; Zhang, Y, 2022)	1
" The incidence of adverse reactions does not increase with the application of curcumin."	( Therapeutic effect and safety of curcumin in women with PCOS: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Han, Y; Jiang, H; Pan, Y; Qu, Y; Shen, W; Wang, H; Wu, X; Zhang, Y, 2022)	1.23
" <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings summarized here support the utilization of biosynthesized copper with turmeric or sumac as core-shell nanostructures as a novel chemotherapeutic drug for cancer treatment that improves antioxidant effect that modulates the side effect of cytotoxicity."	( Pivotal Role of Copper Nanoparticles Shelled by Turmeric or Sumac on Huh-7 Cell Line Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis and Antioxidant Capacity. Hamed Shosha, NN; Ismail, SH; Mohamed, RW; Sharaky, M, 2022)	0.72
" The results showed that celecoxib (20 µg/ml) induced a significant increase in cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) collapse, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial swelling while CuCsSLN and curcumin reverted the above toxic effect of celecoxib."	( Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Preparation and Its Protective Effect on Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat isolated Cardiomyocytes and Mitochondria. Ebrahimi, HA; Esmaeli, S; Khezri, S; Salimi, A, 2023)	2.53
" The toxic effects were evaluated considering the increases in serum hepatic biomarkers alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein and albumin, and lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as a decrease in antioxidative activity (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase) and the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α)."	( Hepatoprotective Effect of Curcumin Nano-Lipid Carrier against Cypermethrin Toxicity by Countering the Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Apoptotic Changes in Wistar Rats. Ahmed, RA; Alam, MI; Almoshari, Y; Alqahtani, SS; Alshahrani, S; Ashafaq, M; Bokar, IAM; Hussain, S; Jali, AM; Qadri, M; Siddiqui, R; Taha, MME, 2023)	1.21
" The purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism of the protective action of GT863 against the neurotoxicity of highly toxic Aβ oligomers (Aβo), which include high-molecular-weight (HMW) Aβo, mainly composed of protofibrils in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, focusing on the cell membrane."	( The Curcumin Derivative GT863 Protects Cell Membranes in Cytotoxicity by Aβ Oligomers. Ito, N; Kimura, AM; Kiuchi, Y; Momma, Y; Nagata, M; Nakamura, S; Nohara, T; Oguchi, T; Ohashi, H; Ono, K; Tsuji, M; Yamamoto, K, 2023)	1.47
" The addition of dietary polyphenols did not increase adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials. Chen, Y; Deng, Y; Guo, H; He, Q; Huang, Z; Li, H; Long, Z; Wei, H; Xiang, W; Xiao, W; Yang, K; Yuan, M; Yuan, X; Zeng, L, 2023)	0.91
" A meta-analysis of the data extracted from qualified RCTs will be conducted, including the progression of DR, visual acuity, visual field, macular edema, quality of life, and adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of curcumin in diabetic retinopathy: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Cai, X; Sun, H; Wang, H; Wang, L; Xu, J; Yu, T, 2023)	1.22
" However, carbimazole usage could be associated with adverse effects such as liver damage and nephritis in rats."	( The Protective Effect of Turmeric against Carbimazole Induced Toxicity in Male Rats. Abed Al-Kareem, Z; Aziz, ND; Hussein Naser, I, 2022)	0.72
" CUR addition could block the adverse effects of BPAF on nervous development by attenuated oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by BPAF in zebrafish, enhanced the activity of AChE, and increased the expression of genes involved in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8)."	( Neurodevelopmental toxicity of bisphenol AF in zebrafish larvae and the protective effects of curcumin. Ding, J; Liu, J; Yang, Q, 2023)	1.13
" Furthermore, the highest therapeutic dose of the extract did not affect motor coordination, exploratory behaviors, general behaviors, and overall well-being of mice, indicating no development of potential CNS adverse effects after administration of the extract."	( Curcuma latifolia Roscoe extract reverses inflammatory pain in mice and offers a favorable CNS safety profile. Dasuni Wasana, PW; Samun, Y; Sukrong, S; Thongphichai, W; Towiwat, P, 2024)	1.44
"0 and PASS Online indicated that the presence of FM in SC is not safe for human consumption."	( Characterization, quantification and a multi-computational in silico toxicity assessment of impurity (feruloyl methane) in synthetic curcumin using RP-HPLC-UV technique. Bhadram, KC; Nagappan, K; Nunavath, RS, 2023)	1.11
" These adverse outcomes were alleviated by CUR, indicating that CUR mitigated FEN-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress."	( Curcumin protects against fenvalerate-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae through inhibition of oxidative stress. Huang, M; Liu, C; Wang, J; Yang, F; Zhu, J; Zhu, R; Zou, L, 2023)	2.35
"Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an extremely toxic mycotoxin that extensively contaminates feed and food worldwide, poses a major hazard to poultry and human health."	( Curcumin alleviates AFB1-induced nephrotoxicity in ducks: regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress, ferritinophagy, and ferroptosis. Gao, X; He, Y; Hu, L; Lan, J; Li, T; Liu, H; Qiao, B; Ruan, Z; Su, Q; Tang, L; Tang, Z, 2023)	2.35
"This study aims to evaluate the radioprotective effects of liposomes encapsulating curcumin (Lip-CUR), silibinin (Lip-SIL), α-tocopherol (Lip-TOC), quercetin (Lip-QUE) and resveratrol (Lip-RES) in alleviating the adverse effects of ionising irradiation on human lymphoctyes and skin cells in radiotherapy."	( Comparison of the radioprotective effects of the liposomal forms of five natural radioprotectants in alleviating the adverse effects of ionising irradiation on human lymphocytes and skin cells in radiotherapy. Le, HS; Le, XC; Nguyen, MH; Nguyen, TH; Pham, BN; Pham, ND; Tran, LB; Tran, TN; Vo, KH; Vu, NB, 2023)	1.14
"We investigated a possible toxic effect induced by chronic exposure to free curcumin and curcumin-loaded nanocapsules in Drosophila melanogaster, enabling safe applications."	( Evaluation of oxidative stress indicators as toxicity parameters after chronic exposure of Drosophila melanogaster to free curcumin and curcumin-loaded nanocapsules. Barrientos, MS; Boeira, SP; Fernandes, EJ; Gomes, NS; Haas, SE; Janner, DE; Machado Balok, FR; Meichtry, LB; Mustafa Dahleh, MM; Petri Guerra, G; Poleto Pinto, KH; Prigol, M; Rodrigues, A; Santos Musachio, EA, 2023)	1.35

Pharmacokinetics

CBD had better retention and bioavailability. concentration of CDF in the pancreas tissue was 10-fold higher compared to Curcumin. Curcuming loaded microsponges causes a significant decrease in edema, necrosis, and hemorrhage of colon.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" No statistically significant differences in peak concentration (11."	( Influence of goldenseal root on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir. Edwards, DJ; Prescilla, RP; Sandhu, RS; Simonelli, TM, 2003)	0.32
"To study pharmacokinetic properties of curcumin, a fast sensitive assay method was developed to determine curcumin and its metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin in rat plasma."	( Validated LC/MS/MS assay for curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin in rat plasma and application to pharmacokinetic study of phospholipid complex of curcumin. Fan, P; Liu, A; Lou, H; Zhao, L, 2006)	0.89
"The aim of this study was to evaluate whether curcumin could modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A expression, and in turn modify the pharmacokinetic profiles of P-gp and CYP3A substrates in male Sprague-Dawley rats."	( Impact of curcumin-induced changes in P-glycoprotein and CYP3A expression on the pharmacokinetics of peroral celiprolol and midazolam in rats. Lim, LY; Tan, TM; Zhang, W, 2007)	1
" Comparisons of area under the curve (AUC)((0-3)), AUC((0-24)), C(max,) CL/F, and elimination half-life were used to assess the effects of goldenseal, kava kava, rifampin, and clarithromycin on digoxin pharmacokinetics."	( Effect of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) and kava kava (Piper methysticum) supplementation on digoxin pharmacokinetics in humans. Barone, GW; Breen, P; Cheboyina, S; Gurley, BJ; Hubbard, MA; Stuart, LB; Swain, A; Tong, Y; Williams, DK; Yates, CR, 2007)	0.34
" This assay was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of both solubilized curcumin and its polymeric micellar formulation in rats."	( High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of curcumin in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetics of polymeric micellar formulation of curcumin. Brocks, DR; Lavasanifar, A; Ma, Z; Samuel, J; Shayeganpour, A, 2007)	0.81
" Non-compartmental analysis was used to characterize talinolol plasma concentration-time profiles, all pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS: (ver."	( Unexpected effect of concomitantly administered curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in healthy Chinese volunteers. Bi-Kui, Z; Cong, Z; Fen-Li, S; Feng, W; Jing, T; Juan, H; Juan, S; Rong-Hua, Z; Terhaag, B; Wen-Xing, P, 2007)	0.6
" Based on the pharmacokinetic model, the area under the curve for the 10 and 12 g doses was estimated (mean +/- SE) to be 35."	( Pharmacokinetics of curcumin conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects. Brenner, DE; Crowell, JA; Djuric, Z; Kakarala, M; Normolle, DP; Ruffin, MT; Vareed, SK, 2008)	0.67
" The aim of this study is to find the most efficacious molecule which do not have toxic effects but at the same time have desired pharmacokinetic profile."	( Pharmacokinetics prediction and drugability assessment of diphenylheptanoids from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Balaji, S; Chempakam, B, 2009)	0.35
" The pharmacodynamic and toxic effects of the crude extracts and extract purified using XAD-1600 resin were comparatively examined with two acute inflammatory models, two pain models and acute toxicity test in vivo."	( [Evaluation of Amberlite XAD-1600 resin-based purification of the bioactive components from Radix Paeoniae Alba and Rhizoma Curcumae Longae extracts by pharmacodynamic and toxicological models]. Fang, YF; Liu, ZQ; Wu, ZH; Zhang, JJ, 2009)	0.35
" Pharmacokinetic parameters revealed that CDF had better retention and bioavailability and that the concentration of CDF in the pancreas tissue was 10-fold higher compared to Curcumin."	( Fluorocurcumins as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: molecular docking, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in mice. Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Chavan, D; Dou, QP; Li, J; Padhye, S; Pandye, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV, 2009)	1.03
"Investigation was carried out in adult New Zealand white rabbits to study the influence of curcumin pre-treatment on pharmacokinetic disposition of norfloxacin following single oral administration."	( Modification of pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin following oral administration of curcumin in rabbits. Jayakumar, K; Pavithra, BH; Prakash, N, 2009)	0.8
" In healthy subjects, the mean peak concentration of curcumin achieved from dosing 650 mg of SLCP was 22."	( Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers. Agarwal, MG; Gandhi, TR; Gota, VS; Kochar, N; Maru, GB; Soni, TG, 2010)	0.87
" Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution results of CUR-NS after intravenous administration in rabbits and mice showed that CUR-NS presented a markedly different pharmacokinetic property as compared to the CUR solution."	( Preparation, characterization, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of curcumin nanosuspension with TPGS as stabilizer. Cao, F; Cui, J; Gao, Y; Guo, C; Li, A; Li, H; Li, Z; Lou, H; Sun, M; Xi, Y; Zhai, G, 2010)	0.59
" In mice, nanoparticulate curcumin was more bioavailable and had a longer half-life than native curcumin as revealed from pharmacokinetics study."	( The in vitro stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin prepared as an aqueous nanoparticulate formulation. Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2010)	0.91
" Although, curcumin's poor absorption and low systemic bioavailability limits the access of adequate concentrations for pharmacological effects in certain tissues, active levels in the gastrointestinal tract have been found in animal and human pharmacokinetic studies."	( Curcumin in cancer chemoprevention: molecular targets, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and clinical trials. Lee, YS; Shehzad, A; Wahid, F, 2010)	2.19
" In addition, these studies suggest that timed urine collections may be useful for monitoring curcumin dosing and renal pharmacodynamic effects."	( Curcumin activates the p38MPAK-HSP25 pathway in vitro but fails to attenuate diabetic nephropathy in DBA2J mice despite urinary clearance documented by HPLC. Adler, SG; Dai, T; LaPage, J; Ma, J; Natarajan, R; Phillips, L; Wang, Y, 2010)	2.02
" Results established selectivity and suitability of the method for pharmacokinetic studies of curcumin from C-SLNs."	( Pharmacokinetic applicability of a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy method for orally administered curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles to rats. Chauhan, AS; Kakkar, V; Kaur, IP; Sahwney, S; Singh, G; Singh, S; Singla, D, 2010)	0.79
" According to the factorial design and data characteristics, the parameter method combined with the response surface approach were used to analyze the pharmacodynamic interactions of in vitro antitumor effects of the combination of Cur and ADM at different dosages."	( [In vitro pharmacodynamic interactions of antitumor effect of the combination of adriamycin and curcumin evaluated by the parameter method and the response surface]. Chen, JC; Li, LJ; Liu, HX; Lü, YH; Yang, J; Zheng, QS, 2010)	0.58
" time data were analyzed by a noncompartmental pharmacokinetic method."	( Pharmacokinetic study of rhizoma Curcumae oil and rhizoma Curcumae oil-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in pigs after oral administration. Dongping, Z; Gang, W; Haiyan, Z; Yong-Xue, S; Yongjin, L; Zhichang, L, 2012)	0.38
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3P97 program."	( [Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of curcumin extract of rhizoma curcumae longae and rhizoma wenyujin concisum in rats]. Bi, R; Han, G; La, WY; Wang, CQ; Yao, GX, 2011)	0.63
" The AUC and Cmax of curcumin extracted from Rhizoma Curcumae Longae were much greater than of extracted from Rhizoma Wenyujin Concisum."	( [Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of curcumin extract of rhizoma curcumae longae and rhizoma wenyujin concisum in rats]. Bi, R; Han, G; La, WY; Wang, CQ; Yao, GX, 2011)	0.95
"There were significantly difference in pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin in Rhizoma Curcumae Longae and Rhizoma Wenyujin Concisum in rats."	( [Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of curcumin extract of rhizoma curcumae longae and rhizoma wenyujin concisum in rats]. Bi, R; Han, G; La, WY; Wang, CQ; Yao, GX, 2011)	0.87
" The pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites was characterized in mice using a LC-MS/MS method, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using WinNonlin computer software."	( Enhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice. Chan, KK; Chen, W; Chiu, M; Fan-Havard, P; Wang, J; Yee, LD; Yen, W; Zhongfa, L, 2012)	1.04
"73% for higher dose with a terminal half-life (t(1/2)) of 10."	( Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of diarylheptanoid phytoestrogens from Curcuma comosa in rats. Hu, Y; Piyachuturawat, P; Sripanidkulchai, B; Sripanidkulchai, K; Su, J; Suksamrarn, A, 2012)	0.38
" Pharmacokinetic study of the solid dispersion formulation in rat showed that bioavailability of the drug was significantly improved as compared to pure curcumin."	( Preparation and pharmacokinetic evaluation of curcumin solid dispersion using Solutol® HS15 as a carrier. Choi, HK; Chun, MK; Han, HK; Seo, SW, 2012)	0.84
" Therefore, the C-SPC-L were chosen for further pharmacodynamic evaluation."	( Preparation of curcumin-loaded liposomes and evaluation of their skin permeation and pharmacodynamics. Chen, Y; Liu, X; Wu, Q; Yuan, L; Zhang, Z; Zhou, L, 2012)	0.73
" The aim of this study was to determine whether a commercially available curcuminoid/piperine extract alters the pharmacokinetic disposition of probe drugs for these enzymes in human volunteers."	( Effect of a herbal extract containing curcumin and piperine on midazolam, flurbiprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. Badmaev, V; Court, MH; Greenblatt, DJ; Hanley, MJ; Harmatz, JS; Hazarika, S; Majeed, M; Masse, G; Volak, LP, 2013)	0.89
"This systematic review summarizes and interprets the published evidence on clinical herb-drug interaction studies which examined the potential of six popular herbal drugs (Echinacea, garlic, gingko, ginseng, goldenseal, and milk thistle) as perpetrators of pharmacokinetic (PK) drug interactions."	( Clinical evidence of herbal drugs as perpetrators of pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Hermann, R; von Richter, O, 2012)	0.38
" The nanoparticles were orally administered at a single dose in rats, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated and compared with the curcumin aqueous suspension."	( Pharmacokinetics of curcumin-loaded PLGA and PLGA-PEG blend nanoparticles after oral administration in rats. Casa, DM; Dalmolin, LF; de Mattos, AC; do Nascimento, TC; Hoss, I; Khalil, NM; Mainardes, RM; Romano, MA, 2013)	0.91
" Additional pharmacokinetic variances are associated with durations of intravenous infusions."	( Infusion pharmacokinetics of Lipocurc™ (liposomal curcumin) and its metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin in Beagle dogs. Bolger, G; Helson, L; Majeed, M; Matabudul, D; Pucaj, K; Vcelar, B, 2012)	0.63
" Compared to free CCM, SMCCM with much higher aqueous solubility exhibited obviously enhanced release and more favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and, furthermore, SMCCM showed higher anticancer efficacy, enhanced induction of G2/M-phase arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells, which might be involved with the increases in reactive oxygen species production and intracellular Ca(2+) accumulation, and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential."	( A supermolecular curcumin for enhanced antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities: molecular characteristics, computer modeling and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Li, Y; Mei, H; Tan, Q; Wu, J; Zhang, J; Zhao, C, 2013)	0.73
" Nanocurcumin increased the plasma Cmax of curcumin 1749 fold relative to the solvent-solubilized curcumin."	( Polymeric curcumin nanoparticle pharmacokinetics and metabolism in bile duct cannulated rats. Helson, L; Maitra, A; McNeil, SE; Stern, ST; Zou, P, 2013)	1.31
" Based on our previous pharmacokinetic study, we selected Theracurmin containing 200 mg of curcumin (Level 1) as a starting dose, and the dose was safely escalated to Level 2, which contained 400 mg of curcumin."	( A phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients. Chiba, T; Hatano, E; Imaizumi, A; Kanai, M; Kawaguchi, M; Kodama, Y; Matsumoto, S; Mori, Y; Murakami, Y; Nishihira, J; Nishimura, T; Otsuka, K; Otsuka, Y; Sato, M; Shibata, H, 2013)	0.83
" Both formulations of curcumin significantly improved the pharmacokinetic profiles of PS, with the 10% Tween-80 suspension being much more effective than the nanoparticle formation."	( Curcumin enhances the lung cancer chemopreventive efficacy of phospho-sulindac by improving its pharmacokinetics. Cheng, KW; Huang, L; Mattheolabakis, G; Rigas, B; Wong, CC; Xie, G, 2013)	2.15
"This study examined the effects of curcumin on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of warfarin and clopidogrel in Wistar rats."	( Curcumin alters the pharmacokinetics of warfarin and clopidogrel in Wistar rats but has no effect on anticoagulation or antiplatelet aggregation. Liu, AC; Lou, HX; Zhao, LX, 2013)	2.11
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of ZTO: t1/2alpha, t1/2beta, Vd, CL, AUC and Ka were (1."	( [Study on effect of Hypericum perforatum on pharmacokinetics of zedoary turmeric oil in compound antiviral preparation]. Bei, Y; Huang, YD; Li, JA; Li, YY; Xiang, Q; Xiao, QX; Zhang, H; Zhang, MJ; Zhao, W, 2013)	0.39
" Further, the method was successfully employed to study the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin, following oral administration of curcumin-loaded hydroxy propyl cellulose (HPC) nanoparticles and curcumin suspension in female Wistar rats."	( A versatile liquid chromatographic technique for pharmacokinetic estimation of curcumin in human plasma. Desai, P; Gugulothu, D; Patravale, V, 2014)	0.85
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of MS5 in rabbits revealed 10-fold increase in bioavailability as compared to native curcumin, demonstrated the superiority of microsponges over native curcumin as gastro retentive drug delivery system."	( Assessing the viability of microsponges as gastro retentive drug delivery system of curcumin: optimization and pharmacokinetics. Arya, P; Pathak, K, 2014)	0.84
" The terminal elimination half-life and plasma clearance values were 73."	( Mouse pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the curcumin analog, 4-piperidinone,3,5-bis[(2-fluorophenyl)methylene]-acetate(3E,5E) (EF-24; NSC 716993). Ames, MM; Buhrow, SA; Gilbert, JA; Jia, L; Reid, JM; Shoji, M; Snyder, JP, 2014)	0.66
" In addition, the in vivo pharmacokinetic data in mouse model revealed the improved plasma concentrations of 5-FU and CUR which prolonged up to 72 h unlike the bare drugs."	( In vitro combinatorial anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin loaded N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles toward colon cancer and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Anitha, A; Chennazhi, KP; Jayakumar, R; Lakshmanan, VK; Sreeranganathan, M, 2014)	0.64
" Quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis was also carried out by UPLC/QTOF/MS."	( Analysis and pharmacokinetic study of curdione in Rhizoma Curcumae by UPLC/QTOF/MS. Cao, Y; Chai, Y; Chen, X; Dong, X; Lou, Z; Lv, D, 2014)	0.4
" The drug release behavior in vitro and pharmacokinetic behavior in rats of Cur-LCL were investigated with curcumin (Cur) and curcumin liposomes (Cur-Lips) as control."	( [Preparation of curcumin-loaded long-circulating liposomes and its pharmacokinetics in rats]. Dai, DB; He, WJ; Li, FZ; Li, G; Song, SC; Wei, YH; Xu, XL; You, J, 2014)	0.96
" Pharmacodynamic study showed that curcumin loaded microsponges causes a significant decrease in edema, necrosis, and hemorrhage of colon as compared to free curcumin."	( Curcumin loaded microsponges for colon targeting in inflammatory bowel disease: fabrication, optimization, and in vitro and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Dhar, KL; Jain, N; Nath, K; Sareen, R, 2014)	2.12
" Furthermore, the application of this method along with serial blood sampling in mice has led to significant reduction in animal use and dosage and drastic improvement in speed, throughput, and quality of pharmacokinetic parameters."	( A validated LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of curcumin in mouse plasma and brain tissue and its application in pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies. Ko, YT; Ramalingam, P, 2014)	0.65
" Pharmacokinetic parameters for hydrastine were calculated using noncompartmental methods."	( Hydrastine pharmacokinetics and metabolism after a single oral dose of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) to humans. Barone, G; Fifer, EK; Gupta, PK; Gurley, BJ; Hendrickson, HP, 2015)	0.42
" The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the three compounds after vaginal drug delivery of Baofukang suppository to rabbit."	( Simultaneous quantification of curdione, furanodiene and germacrone in rabbit plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Li, Y; Sheng, L; Wang, B; Yang, S, 2015)	0.42
" Finally, this developed method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetic study of doxorubicin and curcumin in rats and evaluated the effects of curcumin on the absorption of doxorubicin after intravenous administration."	( Simultaneous determination of doxorubicin and curcumin in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Guo, Q; Ma, W; Tu, P; Wang, J, 2015)	0.89
"The aim of present investigation was to prepare Curcumin-Zn(II) complex in a view to enhance solubility, stability and pharmacodynamic effect in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis."	( Curcumin-Zn(II) complex for enhanced solubility and stability: an approach for improved delivery and pharmacodynamic effects. Dhar, KL; Jain, N; Sareen, R, 2016)	2.13
" Pharmacodynamic evaluation of curcumin and its metal complex was assessed in ulcerative colitis in mice."	( Curcumin-Zn(II) complex for enhanced solubility and stability: an approach for improved delivery and pharmacodynamic effects. Dhar, KL; Jain, N; Sareen, R, 2016)	2.16
"This study recognizes higher solubility and stability of Curcumin-Zn(II) complex and suggested better pharmacodynamic effects."	( Curcumin-Zn(II) complex for enhanced solubility and stability: an approach for improved delivery and pharmacodynamic effects. Dhar, KL; Jain, N; Sareen, R, 2016)	2.12
" (1E,4E)-1,5-Bis(2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazol-5-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one, featuring thiazole rings and trifluoromethyl groups, was established as the optimal lead compound because of its good in vitro potency and attractive in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles."	( Structure-Activity Relationship and Pharmacokinetic Studies of 1,5-Diheteroarylpenta-1,4-dien-3-ones: A Class of Promising Curcumin-Based Anticancer Agents. Chen, C; Chen, G; Chen, QH; Wang, G; Wang, R; Zhang, C; Zhang, Q; Zhang, X; Zheng, S; Zhong, Q, 2015)	0.62
" Finally, pharmacokinetic study in the aqueous humor was investigated by microdialysis technique."	( Thermosensitive in situ nanogel as ophthalmic delivery system of curcumin: development, characterization, in vitro permeation and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Chen, J; Fang, S; Liu, C; Liu, R; Sun, L; Wang, S; Xiao, X, 2016)	0.67
" Cmax (95."	( [Study on pharmacokinetics of demethoxycurcumin phospholipid complex in rats]. Hu, XY; Luo, JC; Wang, H; Zhang, JQ; Zhang, YH, 2014)	0.67
" Pharmacokinetic and anti-cancer efficacy of CENPs was investigated in Wister rats as well as colon-26 tumor-bearing mice after oral administration."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	1.88
" ∼91-fold increase in Cmax and ∼95-fold increase in AUC0-12h were observed indicating a significant enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CUR when orally administered as CENPs compared to pure CUR."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	1.88
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by DAS program."	( [Pharmacokinetics and Intestinal Absorption of Curcumin Chitosan Hydrochloride Coated Liposome in Rats]. Hu, XY; Wan, SL; Yang, M; Zhang, JQ; Zhong, M, 2015)	0.67
" Curcumin concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated."	( [Preparation of Curcumin Nanosuspensions and Its Pharmacokinetic Behavior in Rats]. Guo, QT; Zhang, XF, 2015)	1.67
"The pharmacokinetic results demonstrate that the curcumin bulk drugs prepared into Cur-NS can increase the drug's bioavailability in rats significantly."	( [Preparation of Curcumin Nanosuspensions and Its Pharmacokinetic Behavior in Rats]. Guo, QT; Zhang, XF, 2015)	1.02
" Pharmacokinetic study in rats revealed that in vivo drug exposure of DMC was significantly increased and prolonged by intravenously administering DMC-loaded micelles when compared with the same dose of free DMC dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide."	( Preparation, characterization, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of polymeric micellar dimethoxycurcumin for tumor targeting. Gong, F; Hao, S; Jiang, Y; Liu, H; Liu, K; Mu, H; Xu, H, 2015)	0.63
" The purpose of the current study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic parameters of the potent curcumin analogue FLLL12 in SCCHN and identify the mechanisms of its antitumor effect."	( Preclinical In Vitro, In Vivo, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluations of FLLL12 for the Prevention and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers. Amin, AR; Anisuzzaman, AS; Chen, ZG; Fuchs, JR; Haque, A; Hurwitz, S; Khuri, FR; Liu, Y; Rahman, MA; Shin, DM; Sica, G; Wang, D, 2016)	0.64
"The in vivo pharmacokinetic profile of curcumin diethyl disuccinate was compared with that of curcumin in male Wistar rats."	( Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, a Prodrug of Curcumin, in Wistar Rats. Bangphumi, K; Khemawoot, P; Kittiviriyakul, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P, 2016)	1.03
"The purpose of this study was to develop folic acid functionalized long-circulating co-encapsulated docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CRM) solid lipid nanoparticles (F-DC-SLN) to improve the pharmacokinetic and efficacy of DTX therapy."	( Folic acid functionalized long-circulating co-encapsulated docetaxel and curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles: In vitro evaluation, pharmacokinetic and biodistribution in rats. Burman, R; Gill, MS; Pawar, H; Singh, C; Surapaneni, SK; Suresh, S; Tikoo, K, 2016)	0.87
" This review aimed to summarize the findings of studies related to pharmacokinetic and pharmacological characteristics of CDF."	( Difluorinated Curcumin: A Promising Curcumin Analogue with Improved Anti-Tumor Activity and Pharmacokinetic Profile. Momtazi, AA; Sahebkar, A, 2016)	0.79
"To determine the role of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of curcumin against the gastric damage induced by indomethacin administration as such or as its prodrug acemetacin."	( Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Chávez-Piña, AE; Cruz-Antonio, L; Estela Díaz-Triste, N; Medina-Aymerich, L; Zazueta-Beltrán, L, 2017)	0.89
" Data thus suggest that a pharmacokinetic mechanism of action is not involved in curcumin gastroprotection."	( Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Chávez-Piña, AE; Cruz-Antonio, L; Estela Díaz-Triste, N; Medina-Aymerich, L; Zazueta-Beltrán, L, 2017)	0.89
" Curcumin-drug pharmacokinetic interactions are also almost exclusively in the enterocytes, owing to extensive first pass metabolism and poor curcumin bioavailability."	( Curcumin as a clinically-promising anti-cancer agent: pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2017)	2.81
"In order to investigate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers for efficient and targeted delivery of curcumin, the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Cur-NLC) were evaluated in rats after a single intraperitoneal dose of Cur-NLC."	( Pharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. Chen, J; Chen, W; Dai, W; He, Z; Wang, F; Zhai, D, 2017)	0.92
"To investigate the effect of end-capped modification of mPEG-PLA with Boc-phenylalanine(BP) on pharmacokinetic characteristics of curcumin(CUR) loaded micelles, and then provide experimental evidence for prescription optimization."	( [Comparison of pharmacokinetics of curcumin in rats administered with two kinds of polymeric micelles]. Liu, K; Xu, H; Xu, Q; Zhang, D, 2016)	0.92
"A randomized, crossover, double-blind, comparator-controlled pharmacokinetic study was performed in 12 healthy adult subjects to determine the appearance of free curcumin and its metabolites curcumin sulfate and curcumin glucuronide in plasma after a single dose of a novel proprietary curcumin liquid droplet micromicellar formulation (CLDM) and unformulated 95% curcumin powder in capsule form."	( A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Assessment of a Novel Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Formulation with 95% Curcumin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study. Bucci, LR; Ji, J; Preuss, HG; Stohs, SJ, 2018)	0.91
" It is known to have potential to encumber the drug transporters and hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes that lead to pharmacokinetic interactions with drug or food."	( Intervention of curcumin on oral pharmacokinetics of daclatasvir in rat: A possible risk for long-term use. Bhatt, S; Dogra, A; Gour, A; Kotwal, P; Magotra, A; Nandi, U; Sharma, A; Singh, G; Wazir, P, 2018)	0.83
" The concentration-time profile of curcumin exhibited a bi-exponential decline, which was well described by a two-compartmental pharmacokinetic model."	( Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Curcumin in regulating anti-inflammatory and epigenetic gene expression. Androulakis, IP; Boyanapalli, SSS; Cheng, D; Guo, Y; Huang, Y; Kong, AN; Rao, R; Su, Z; Zhang, C, 2018)	1.02
" Further, the data on clinical study design, analytical method, pharmacokinetic parameters and other relevant details of each formulation were extracted."	( Bioavailable curcumin formulations: A review of pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers. Jamwal, R, 2018)	0.85
" In order to evaluate any alteration in the pharmacokinetic behavior of the encapsulated drug, CCM-loaded LNC were injected IV into healthy rats, at a dose of 10 mg/kg."	( In vitro anti-cancer activity and pharmacokinetic evaluation of curcumin-loaded lipid nanocapsules. Benoit, JP; Fuentes, E; Lautram, N; Lollo, G; Matha, K; Ullio-Gamboa, G, 2018)	0.72
" Plasma concentration time data were analyzed by the non-compartmental method to determine and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin in cancer patients and healthy individuals."	( Pharmacokinetics of liposomal curcumin (Lipocurc™) infusion: effect of co-medication in cancer patients and comparison with healthy individuals. Bolger, GT; Greil, R; Greil-Ressler, S; Licollari, A; Magnes, T; Majeed, M; Radl, B; Schönlieb, C; Sordillo, PP; Tan, A; Vcelar, B; Weiss, L, 2019)	1.01
" Upon termination of infusion, the elimination phase for curcumin was shorter with a shorter terminal half-life and smaller volume of distribution for curcumin in cancer patients compared to healthy individuals."	( Pharmacokinetics of liposomal curcumin (Lipocurc™) infusion: effect of co-medication in cancer patients and comparison with healthy individuals. Bolger, GT; Greil, R; Greil-Ressler, S; Licollari, A; Magnes, T; Majeed, M; Radl, B; Schönlieb, C; Sordillo, PP; Tan, A; Vcelar, B; Weiss, L, 2019)	1.05
" Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) and simulation using Simcyp correlated well with the observed data."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and PKPD Modeling of Curcumin in Regulating Antioxidant and Epigenetic Gene Expression in Healthy Human Volunteers. Brunetti, L; Cheng, D; Hudlikar, R; Kong, AN; Li, W; Lin, T; Ondar, P; Poiani, G; Wang, L; Wassef, A, 2019)	0.76
" This study was conducted to determine the effects of modifying the particle size of curcumin on its pharmacokinetic parameters in blood and other organs."	( Pharmacokinetic Profile of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in Plasma, Ovary, and Other Tissues. Arozal, W; Estuningtyas, A; Fatrin, S; Hartono, G; Instiaty, I; Louisa, M; Purbadi, S; Ramadanty, WT; Satyana, RPU, 2019)	1.03
" The levels of curcumin in plasma and organs were determined using UPLC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated."	( Pharmacokinetic Profile of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in Plasma, Ovary, and Other Tissues. Arozal, W; Estuningtyas, A; Fatrin, S; Hartono, G; Instiaty, I; Louisa, M; Purbadi, S; Ramadanty, WT; Satyana, RPU, 2019)	1.16
" Overall, no statistically significant differences were found in pharmacokinetic parameters between curcumin and nanocurcumin groups in both plasma and organs, except for ovaries."	( Pharmacokinetic Profile of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in Plasma, Ovary, and Other Tissues. Arozal, W; Estuningtyas, A; Fatrin, S; Hartono, G; Instiaty, I; Louisa, M; Purbadi, S; Ramadanty, WT; Satyana, RPU, 2019)	1.03
"To characterize its preclinical pharmacokinetic profiles, a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of 1 D in rat plasma."	( Quantification of 1D, a novel derivative of curcumin with potential antitumor activity, in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Feng, Z; Jiang, T; Jing, F; Leng, P; Li, J; Quan, X; Sun, J; Sun, W; Xu, W; Zhao, J, 2019)	0.78
"Results demonstrated that 1 D displayed favourable pharmacokinetic properties for further in vivo pharmacologic evaluation, which could be facilitated by the validated LC-MS/MS method."	( Quantification of 1D, a novel derivative of curcumin with potential antitumor activity, in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Feng, Z; Jiang, T; Jing, F; Leng, P; Li, J; Quan, X; Sun, J; Sun, W; Xu, W; Zhao, J, 2019)	0.78
" This developed and validated method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetic study of CUR, THC, QR, and PF in rats."	( Simultaneous determination of curcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin, quercetin, and paeoniflorin by UHPLC-MS/MS in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Cai, D; Gan, H; Guan, Y; Jiang, F; Lao, B; Liu, X; Wen, D; Yu, W; Zheng, J; Zhong, G, 2019)	0.8
" It is important to understand whether any pharmacokinetic interactions are among the major constituents of these supplements so as to provide information when considering the combination use of these supplements."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers. Adiwidjaja, J; Eagles, SK; Eyles, J; Hunter, DJ; Liu, X; McLachlan, AJ; Wang, X, 2020)	0.78
"The pharmacokinetics of each constituent was characterized, and there were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic profiles of the constituents when administered as a combination, relative to the constituents when administered alone (P > 0."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers. Adiwidjaja, J; Eagles, SK; Eyles, J; Hunter, DJ; Liu, X; McLachlan, AJ; Wang, X, 2020)	0.78
"These data suggest that interactions between the major constituents of this supplement combination are unlikely and therefore could be investigated to manage patients with osteoarthritis without significant concerns for possible pharmacokinetic interactions."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers. Adiwidjaja, J; Eagles, SK; Eyles, J; Hunter, DJ; Liu, X; McLachlan, AJ; Wang, X, 2020)	0.78
"The goal of the current study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile, tissue distribution and adverse effects of long-circulating liposomes (LCL) with curcumin (CURC) and doxorubicin (DOX), in order to provide further evidence for previously demonstrated enhanced antitumor efficacy in colon cancer models."	( Improved pharmacokinetics and reduced side effects of doxorubicin therapy by liposomal co-encapsulation with curcumin. Abrudan, B; Banciu, M; Licarete, E; Luput, L; Muntean, D; Patras, L; Porfire, A; Rauca, V; Sesarman, A; Sylvester, B; Tefas, L; Vlase, L, 2021)	1.03
" The purpose of this preclinical study is to investigate the acute pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of two commercially marketed CUR products (GNC and Vitamin Shoppe) and a CUR powder from Sigma in female rats."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral formulations of curcumin in rats. Buckley, B; Cheng, D; Guo, Y; Hudlikar, R; Kong, AN; Kuo, HC; Li, S; Li, W; Wang, L; Wu, R; Yang, H; Yin, R, 2020)	0.79
" In comparison with native curcumin, micelle-encapsulated curcumin had a 230-fold increase in stability in vitro, and its half-life was 22-fold longer, according to a pharmacokinetic study on mice."	( Long-circulating zein-polysulfobetaine conjugate-based nanocarriers for enhancing the stability and pharmacokinetics of curcumin. Chen, S; Li, H; Li, Q; Xie, M; Yang, L; Yi, JZ; Zhang, LM, 2020)	1.06
"This study aimed to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic interactions between curcumin, imatinib and bosutinib, combining In Vitro and in silico methods."	( Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Predictions of the Effect of Curcumin on Metabolism of Imatinib and Bosutinib: In Vitro and In Vivo Disconnect. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2020)	1.02
" A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for curcumin formulated as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) was constructed using In Vitro glucuronidation kinetics and published clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Predictions of the Effect of Curcumin on Metabolism of Imatinib and Bosutinib: In Vitro and In Vivo Disconnect. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2020)	1.04
" The developed formulations were subjected to pharmacokinetic studies and results showed about 8 to 11."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of Solid self-nanoemulsifying delivery system (SSNEDDS) loaded with curcumin and duloxetine in attenuation of neuropathic pain in rats. Bhatia, A; Garg, V; Gulati, M; Kumar, B; Melkani, I; Pandey, NK; Prakash, T; Singh, S; Singh, SK, 2021)	0.83
" The pharmacokinetic study of H10 in rats were performed by intraperitoneal (i."	( Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution and Primary Safety Evaluation of a Novel Curcumin Analogue H10 Suspension, a Potential 17β Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 3 Inhibitor. Bei, Y; Chen, M; Li, J; Xiang, Q; Xiao, L; Zhang, Y, 2021)	0.84
" This study evaluates the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a natural, water-dispersible turmeric extract containing 60% curcuminoids (TurmXtra 60N), referred to as WDTE60N, compared to standard turmeric extract 95% (STE95)."	( Comparative bioavailability of curcuminoids from a water-dispersible high curcuminoid turmeric extract against a generic turmeric extract: a randomized, cross-over, comparative, pharmacokinetic study. Alluri, KV; Shah, R; Somepalli, V; Thanawala, S; Upadhyay, V; Vaze, S, 2021)	1.11
"This open-label, two-way crossover, single oral dose, comparative pharmacokinetic study, randomized 14 subjects to receive one capsule of WDTE60N (150 mg curcuminoids) or three capsules of STE95 (500 mg curcuminoids each)."	( Comparative bioavailability of curcuminoids from a water-dispersible high curcuminoid turmeric extract against a generic turmeric extract: a randomized, cross-over, comparative, pharmacokinetic study. Alluri, KV; Shah, R; Somepalli, V; Thanawala, S; Upadhyay, V; Vaze, S, 2021)	1.11
"Co-delivery of curcumin with gemcitabine using PSL not only increased the intracellular gemcitabine concentration thus cytotoxicity to MIA PaCa-2 cells but also significantly improved the pharmacokinetic profiles for both drugs."	( Co-Delivery Using pH-Sensitive Liposomes to Pancreatic Cancer Cells: the Effects of Curcumin on Cellular Concentration and Pharmacokinetics of Gemcitabine. Li, Y; Paxton, JW; Wu, Z; Xu, H, 2021)	1.2
" In this work, we aimed to perform a comparative evaluation of curcuminoids and their hydrogenated metabolites from a medicinal chemistry point of view, by determining a set of key pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluating antioxidant potential in relation to such properties."	( Pharmacokinetics-Driven Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Curcuminoids and Their Major Reduced Metabolites-A Medicinal Chemistry Approach. Balogh, GT; Fülöp, F; Girst, G; Hunyadi, A; Ötvös, SB, 2021)	1.1
" The present study aimed to evaluate the unexplored pharmacokinetic profile of this agent in experimental rats."	( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of hydrazinocurcumin in rats. Choudhury, H; Dhanawat, M; Gupta, S; Jacob, S; Munjal, K; Nair, AB, 2021)	0.87
" Blood samples were collected at different pre-determined time intervals to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of hydrazinocurcumin in rats. Choudhury, H; Dhanawat, M; Gupta, S; Jacob, S; Munjal, K; Nair, AB, 2021)	0.87
" The obtained data from the pharmacokinetic study indicated that HZC was instantaneously distributed and moderately eliminated from body fluids."	( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of hydrazinocurcumin in rats. Choudhury, H; Dhanawat, M; Gupta, S; Jacob, S; Munjal, K; Nair, AB, 2021)	0.87
"Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely employed as potential drug-delivery platforms; however, most studies have focused on the initial aspects of material development and have made little progress toward using MOFs as a means of controlling the pharmacokinetic rate of drug delivery."	( Mixing Mg-MOF-74 with Zn-MOF-74: A Facile Pathway of Controlling the Pharmacokinetic Release Rate of Curcumin. Al-Naddaf, Q; Kostlenick, J; Lawson, S; Newport, K; Rezaei, F; Rownaghi, AA; Siemers, A, 2021)	0.84
" Nevertheless, many fundamental properties pertaining to MOFs' pharmacokinetic performances as drug carriers have been poorly investigated."	( Curcumin Delivery on Metal-Organic Frameworks: The Effect of the Metal Center on Pharmacokinetics within the M-MOF-74 Family. Lawson, S; Newport, K; Pederniera, N; Rezaei, F; Rownaghi, AA, 2021)	2.06
"This study implements a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling approach to predict the effect of hydrastine and berberine, two major alkaloids present in goldenseal extract, on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and bosutinib."	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model predictions of natural product-drug interactions between goldenseal, berberine, imatinib and bosutinib. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2022)	0.72
"PBPK models of hydrastine and berberine were developed in the Simcyp Simulator (version 17), integrating prior in vitro knowledge and published clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model predictions of natural product-drug interactions between goldenseal, berberine, imatinib and bosutinib. Adiwidjaja, J; Boddy, AV; McLachlan, AJ, 2022)	0.72
" The sparse concentration-time data of paclitaxel were subjected to population pharmacokinetic modeling, and then noncompartmental analysis (NCA) was performed on the simulated data to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel, before and after turmeric supplementation, for comparisons."	( Effect of turmeric supplementation on the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel in breast cancer patients: A study with population pharmacokinetics approach. Chandrasekhar, V; Kalachaveedu, M; Kalluru, H; Kondaveeti, SS; Mallayasamy, SR, 2022)	0.72
"The objective of this study was to develop long-circulating solid lipid nanoparticles (LSLN) containing a novel curcumin (CU) derivative (CU1), to improve CU1's pharmacokinetic behavior and its anti-cancer effects in MHCC-97H liver cancer cells."	( The Effects of a Novel Curcumin Derivative Loaded Long-Circulating Solid Lipid Nanoparticle on the MHCC-97H Liver Cancer Cells and Pharmacokinetic Behavior. Fu, S; He, Y; Lee, RJ; Li, K; Pi, C; Shen, H; Song, X; Wei, Y; Yuan, J; Zeng, M; Zhang, X; Zhao, L; Zhao, W, 2022)	1.24
" CU1-LSLN was further evaluated for pharmacokinetic behavior, biodistribution, and liver toxicity in SD rats."	( The Effects of a Novel Curcumin Derivative Loaded Long-Circulating Solid Lipid Nanoparticle on the MHCC-97H Liver Cancer Cells and Pharmacokinetic Behavior. Fu, S; He, Y; Lee, RJ; Li, K; Pi, C; Shen, H; Song, X; Wei, Y; Yuan, J; Zeng, M; Zhang, X; Zhao, L; Zhao, W, 2022)	1.03
" The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of DMC and BDMC did not significantly change, but their Tmax was significantly shortened for SLCP, CSQU, and CDHA."	( Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of novel curcumin formulations mixed with fish oils in healthy humans. Kanae, H; Noguchi, K; Shiroma, T; Teshima, K, 2022)	0.98
" In this study, the pharmacokinetic profiles and metabolomic changes generated by the bioactive triterpenoids of Centell-S alone, and in combination with the bioenhancers piperine and curcumin, were investigated in beagle dogs."	( Bioenhancing effects of piperine and curcumin on triterpenoid pharmacokinetics and neurodegenerative metabolomes from Centella asiatica extract in beagle dogs. Boonyarattanasoonthorn, T; Hamlin, R; Khemawoot, P; Kijtawornrat, A; Kongratanapasert, T; Maiuthed, A, 2022)	1.19
" This review focuses on different curcumin-cyclodextrin formulations and compares their pharmacokinetic parameters and efficacy."	( Anticancer potential of curcumin-cyclodextrin complexes and their pharmacokinetic properties. Johnston, TP; Kesharwani, P; Sahebkar, A; Shahriari, M, 2023)	1.5
" The objective of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic of curcumin loaded turmeric oil microemulsion for brain targeting and probing the protective effect against trimethyltin induced neurodegeneration in adult zebrafish."	( Brain Targeted Curcumin Loaded Turmeric Oil Microemulsion Protects Against Trimethyltin Induced Neurodegeneration in Adult Zebrafish: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Insight. More, S; Pawar, A, 2023)	1.5
" The implication of nanotechnology has pointedly improved the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic profile, cell internalization, and anticancer efficacy of Cur; however, majority of Cur-nanomedicines are still facing grandeur challenges."	( Functionalization of curcumin nanomedicines: a recent promising adaptation to maximize pharmacokinetic profile, specific cell internalization and anticancer efficacy against breast cancer. Hussain, Z; Li, C; Qiao, H; Sun, J; Zhang, J, 2023)	1.23
" The cumulative release, stability, and cytotoxicity of CU-PTX-LNP in LO2, HepG2, and SMMC-7221 cells were assessed in vitro, followed by safety investigation and pharmacokinetic studies in vivo."	( Construction of Curcumin and Paclitaxel Co-Loaded Lipid Nano Platform and Evaluation of Its Anti-Hepatoma Activity in vitro and Pharmacokinetics in vivo. Chen, J; Cheng, J; Jia, Q; Li, L; Liu, H; Ma, J; Sheng, L; Si, H; Su, Z; Wei, Y; Wen, J; Xiong, L; Yang, H; Zhao, L; Zuo, Y, 2023)	1.26
" In this work, we studied how the solubility of drug impacts the pharmacokinetic release rate and delivery efficiency by impregnating various amounts of ibuprofen, 5-fluorouracil, and curcumin onto Mg-MOF-74."	( Drug Delivery on Mg-MOF-74: The Effect of Drug Solubility on Pharmacokinetics. Lawson, S; Newport, K; Pederneira, N; Rezaei, F; Rownaghi, AA, 2023)	1.1
"Curcumin, an anticancer natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities, has a weak pharmacokinetic and instability due to diketone moiety."	( Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetic and Molecular Simulation Analysis of Novel Mono-Carbonyl Curcumin Analogs as L858R/T790M/C797S Mutant EGFR Inhibitors. Bhandari, SV; Chaudhari, SY; Kuthe, PV; Nagras, OG; Patil, SM; Sarkate, AP; Surve, SV, 2023)	2.57

Compound-Compound Interactions

Cucurbitacin B in the combination with curcumin could serve as a novel, promising approach for human hepatoma. A novel alginate/gelatin sponge combined withCurcumin-loaded electrospun fibers was prepared.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"2-1 microg/ml) also has an antiproliferative effect when applied in combination with UVA or visible light."	( Low concentrations of curcumin induce growth arrest and apoptosis in skin keratinocytes only in combination with UVA or visible light. Bereiter-Hahn, J; Bernd, A; Diaz-Alperi, J; Dujic, J; Hoffmann, S; Kaufmann, R; Kippenberger, S; Miquel, J; Ramirez-Bosca, A, 2007)	0.65
"Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), an important CYP isoform with regard to drug-drug interactions, accounts for the metabolism of approximately 30% of all medications."	( Clinical assessment of CYP2D6-mediated herb-drug interactions in humans: effects of milk thistle, black cohosh, goldenseal, kava kava, St. John's wort, and Echinacea. Barone, G; Battu, SK; Carrier, DJ; Cheboyina, S; Gurley, BJ; Hartsfield, F; Hubbard, MA; Swain, A; Tong, Y; Williams, DK, 2008)	0.35
"The effect of erythropoietin (Epo) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone or in combination with the hepatoprotective antioxidant curcumin (Cur) was evaluated in a model of delayed liver regeneration."	( Synergistic effect of erythropoietin but not G-CSF in combination with curcumin on impaired liver regeneration in rats. Carter, J; Cho, SY; Lederer, A; Menger, MD; Neuhaus, P; Neumann, UP; Nüssler, AK; Rayes, N; Schirmeier, A; Seehofer, D, 2008)	0.78
"Sprague Dawley rats underwent 70% liver resection with simultaneous cecal ligation and puncture and were randomised to five groups: no treatment, G-CSF (100 microg/kg), Epo (1,000 IU/kg), each alone or in combination with Cur (100mg/kg)."	( Synergistic effect of erythropoietin but not G-CSF in combination with curcumin on impaired liver regeneration in rats. Carter, J; Cho, SY; Lederer, A; Menger, MD; Neuhaus, P; Neumann, UP; Nüssler, AK; Rayes, N; Schirmeier, A; Seehofer, D, 2008)	0.58
"The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effect of curcumin combined with cyclophosmide on the growth of human lymphoma cell line HT/CTX with drug resistance and its relation with FA/BRCA pathway."	( [Antiproliferative effect of curcumin combined with cyclophosmide on the growth of human lymphoma cell line HT/CTX with drug resistance and its relation with FA/BRCA pathway]. Xiao, H; Zhang, KJ, 2008)	0.87
" Expression and activity of iNOS, COX-2, and 5-LOX are downregulated, and p21 is upregulated in tumor xenograft fed curcumin combined with fish oil diet when compared to individual diets."	( Prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer by curcumin in combination with omega-3 fatty acids. Citineni, B; Mohammed, A; Patlolla, JM; Rao, CV; Swamy, MV; Zhang, Y, 2008)	0.81
"Both these two plant extracts in combination with curcumin could be an effective, alternative source of herbal anti-malarial drugs."	( Anti-malarial activities of Andrographis paniculata and Hedyotis corymbosa extracts and their combination with curcumin. Dash, AP; Dey, N; Mishra, K; Swain, BK, 2009)	0.82
" Finally, the effect of curcumin in combination with the green tea extract epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) was evaluated."	( Curcumin inhibits prosurvival pathways in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells and may overcome their stromal protection in combination with EGCG. Ghosh, AK; Kay, NE; Secreto, CR; Shanafelt, TD, 2009)	2.1
" The in vivo pharmacokinetics revealed that curcumin entrapped nanoparticles demonstrate at least 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer."	( Nanoparticle encapsulation improves oral bioavailability of curcumin by at least 9-fold when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer. Ankola, DD; Beniwal, V; Kumar, MN; Shaikh, J; Singh, D, 2009)	0.86
" The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic anticandidal effect of xanthorrhizol in combination with ketoconazole or amphotericin B against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis."	( Synergistic anticandidal activity of xanthorrhizol in combination with ketoconazole or amphotericin B. Hwang, JK; Lee, K; Lee, MS; Rukayadi, Y; Yong, D, 2009)	0.35
" This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of letrozole combination with curcumin on the implanted endometrial tumor growth."	( [Inhibiting effect of letrozole combined with curcumin on xenografted endometrial carcinoma growth in nude mice]. Hao, Q; Hu, YL; Liang, YJ; Wang, JD; Wu, YZ; Zhang, HM, 2010)	0.84
" The animals that received curcumin alone orally or in combination with augmentin, 15 days prior to bacterial instillation into the lungs via the intranasal route, showed a significant (P <0."	( Curcumin alone and in combination with augmentin protects against pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury generated during Klebsiella pneumoniae B5055-induced lung infection in BALB/c mice. Bansal, S; Chhibber, S, 2010)	2.1
" In combination with a taxane agent, this compound may enhance cytotoxicity and retard PC cell resistance to taxane."	( Possible benefits of curcumin regimen in combination with taxane chemotherapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer treatment. Barthomeuf, C; Bay, JO; Bayet-Robert, M; Cabrespine-Faugeras, A; Chollet, P, 2010)	0.68
" On the other hand, curcumin, either alone or combined with bone marrow transplantation, blunted the pancreatic lipid-peroxidation, up-regulated activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and suppressed serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β."	( Novel role of curcumin combined with bone marrow transplantation in reversing experimental diabetes: Effects on pancreatic islet regeneration, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines. Attia, FM; El-Azab, MF; El-Mowafy, AM, 2011)	1.05
" This study aimed at examining effects of resveratrol alone and in combination with curcumin or chrysin on UGT induction in Caco-2 cells."	( Resveratrol in combination with other dietary polyphenols concomitantly enhances antiproliferation and UGT1A1 induction in Caco-2 cells. Iwuchukwu, OF; Nagar, S; Tallarida, RJ, 2011)	0.59
"This study was aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin in combination with bortezomib on the proliferation and apoptosis of human MM cell line H929 in vitro, and to explore its mechanisms."	( [Effect of curcumin in combination with bortezomib on proliferation and apoptosis of human multiple myeloma cell line H929 and its mechanism]. Bai, QX; Chen, JJ; Huang, GS; Yang, LJ; Zhang, XY; Zhao, H, 2011)	1.01
" In the present study, the antidepressant like activity of curcumin and its combination with fluoxetine and imipramine was studied in acute model (three doses 24, 5 and 1 h before test) of forced swimming test (FST) in glass jar and tail suspension test (TST) in mice and in chronic model (14 day study) of FST with water wheel in rats."	( Evaluation of antidepressant like activity of curcumin and its combination with fluoxetine and imipramine: an acute and chronic study. Anovadiya, A; Sanmukhani, J; Tripathi, CB, )	0.63
"Tacrolimus is a well-known potent immunosuppressant agent, which has various drug-drug or food-drug interactions."	( Food-drug interaction of tacrolimus with pomelo, ginger, and turmeric juice in rats. Egashira, K; Higuchi, S; Ieiri, I; Sasaki, H, 2012)	0.38
"In this study, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded long circulating liposomes combined with curcumin (CUR) (DOX-CUR-LCLs) were successfully prepared as a novel formulation for cancer treatment."	( Increase of therapeutic activity of doxorubicin by long circulating liposomes in combination with curcumin. Hu, L; Li, C; Wang, H; Zhang, J; Zhang, T, 2011)	0.81
" This study aimed to evaluate whether acupuncture combined with curcumin could more potently attenuate liver fibrosis in chemical intoxicated rats."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, CY; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XJ; Zhang, XP; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	0.92
"Acupuncture combined with curcumin potently protected the liver from CCl(4)-induced injury and fibrogenesis, as indicated by reduced levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, hyaluronic acid, laminin and procollagen III."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, CY; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XJ; Zhang, XP; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	0.98
" Antimalarial activity of curcuminoids-loaded liposomes alone and in combination with α/β arteether when administered intravenously, was evaluated in Plasmodium berghei infected mice."	( Curcuminoids-loaded liposomes in combination with arteether protects against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Aditya, NP; Banerjee, R; Chimote, G; Gunalan, K; Madhusudhan, B; Patankar, S, 2012)	2.12
" We previously reported that acupuncture combined with curcumin, a natural antifibrotic compound, could remarkably attenuate liver fibrosis in chemically intoxicated rats, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin disrupts platelet-derived growth factor β receptor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signalling and stimulates extracellular matrix degradation in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XP; Zhang, ZL; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	0.93
"Acupuncture combined with curcumin potently reduced serum PDGF levels and selectively disrupted the PDGF-βR/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin disrupts platelet-derived growth factor β receptor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signalling and stimulates extracellular matrix degradation in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XP; Zhang, ZL; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	0.98
"The beneficial effects of acupuncture and its combination with curcumin could be attributed to the disruption of PDGF-βR/ERK pathway and stimulated ECM degradation in the fibrotic liver."	( Acupuncture combined with curcumin disrupts platelet-derived growth factor β receptor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signalling and stimulates extracellular matrix degradation in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Chen, WX; Kong, DS; Lu, Y; Ma, J; Ni, GX; Wang, AY; Zhang, F; Zhang, XP; Zhang, ZL; Zheng, SZ, 2012)	0.92
" Furthermore, we consider that its use in combination with CUR may become a powerful method for prevention of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis."	( Curcumin combined with turmerones, essential oil components of turmeric, abolishes inflammation-associated mouse colon carcinogenesis. Furukawa, I; Miyamoto, S; Murakami, A; Ohigashi, H; Tanaka, T, )	1.57
"To investigate the effects of hexahydrocurcumin (HHC), and its combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer in rats."	( Effects of hexahydrocurcumin in combination with 5-fluorouracil on dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in rats. Chintana, PY; Srimuangwong, K; Suksamrarn, A; Tocharus, C; Tocharus, J, 2012)	0.97
"In order to investigate the effect of curcumin combined with all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) on differentiation of ATRA-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and its molecular mechanism, the NB4-R1, an ATRA-resistant APL cells, was used as a model, counting of NB4-R1 and cell morphologic observation were performed, the effect of curcumin alone or combined with ATRA on proliferation, differentiation of NB4-R1 cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), the change of AKT phosphorylation in cell differentiation was detected by Western blot."	( [Effect of curcumin combined with ATRA on differentiation of ATRA-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells]. Chen, TY; Kong, YY; Wan, LG; Wen, F; Xie, FY; Xu, F; Zhang, ZL, 2013)	1.05
" The aim of the present study was to investigate the synergistic effect of curcumin-1 in combination with three antibiotics against five diarrhea causing bacteria."	( In vitro synergistic effect of curcumin in combination with third generation cephalosporins against bacteria associated with infectious diarrhea. Jacob, J; Nambisan, B; Sasidharan, NK; Sreekala, SR, 2014)	0.92
" Oral bioavailability of curcumin in combination with emu oil was determined by measuring the plasma concentration of curcumin by HPLC."	( Improvement of bioavailability and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin in combination with emu oil. Jeengar, MK; Naidu, VG; Nair, K; Putcha, UK; Shrivastava, S; Singareddy, SR; Sistla, R; Talluri, MV, 2014)	0.94
" Therefore, an analytical method which is rapid, simple and accurate for discriminating these species using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with some chemometrics methods was developed."	( Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics for discrimination of Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Zingiber cassumunar. Heryanto, R; Rafi, M; Rohaeti, E; Syafitri, UD, 2015)	0.42
"This study was aimed to explore the effect of arsenic trioxide combined with curcumin on proliferation and apoptosis of KG1a cells and its potential mechanism."	( [Synergistic killing effect of arsenic trioxide combined with curcumin on KG1a cells]. Fan, JX; Guo, KY; Li, YM; Li, ZQ; Weng, GY; Wu, JW; Zeng, YJ; Zheng, R, 2014)	0.87
" Curcumin combined with oxaliplatin treatment induced apoptosis, accompanied by ultrastructural changes and cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phases."	( Curcumin combined with oxaliplatin effectively suppress colorectal carcinoma in vivo through inducing apoptosis. Guo, LD; Guo, LJ; Liu, JZ; Liu, LM; Shen, YQ; Wang, D; Yu, ZJ; Zhao, XH, 2015)	2.77
" In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of curcumin alone and in combination with individual drugs like carboplatin, etoposide, or vincristine in a human retinoblastoma (RB) cancer cell line."	( Synergistic Effect of Curcumin in Combination with Anticancer Agents in Human Retinoblastoma Cancer Cell Lines. Krishnakumar, S; Sreenivasan, S, 2015)	0.98
"A drug-drug interaction was analyzed using the median effect/isobologram method and combination index values were used to characterize the interaction as synergistic or additive."	( Synergistic Effect of Curcumin in Combination with Anticancer Agents in Human Retinoblastoma Cancer Cell Lines. Krishnakumar, S; Sreenivasan, S, 2015)	0.73
" In this study, a new monofunctional planaramineplatinum(II) complex, namely tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)monochloroplatinum(II) chloride (coded as LH3), was synthesised and investigated for its activity against human ovarian A2780, cisplatin-resistant A2780 (A2780(cisR)) and ZD0473-resistant A2780 (A2780(ZD0473R)) cancer cell lines, alone and in combination with the phytochemicals curcumin, genistein and resveratrol."	( Synthesis of a monofunctional platinum compound and its activity alone and in combination with phytochemicals in ovarian tumor models. Arzuman, L; Beale, P; Huq, F; Proschogo, N; Yu, JQ, 2014)	0.57
"Botanical medicines are frequently used in combination with therapeutic drugs, imposing a risk for harmful botanical-drug interactions (BDIs)."	( An ex vivo approach to botanical-drug interactions: a proof of concept study. Gurley, BJ; Markowitz, JS; Munoz, J; Wang, X; Zhu, HJ, 2015)	0.42
" Our study demonstrated that the synergistic antitumor activity of curcumin combined with carboplatin is mediated by multiple mechanisms involving suppression of NF-κB via inhibition of the Akt/IKKα pathway and enhanced ERK1/2 activity."	( Curcumin sensitizes human lung cancer cells to apoptosis and metastasis synergistically combined with carboplatin. Ha, JH; Kang, HH; Kang, HS; Kang, JH; Kim, IK; Lee, HY; Lee, SH; Moon, HS; Yeo, CD, 2015)	2.1
"With the idea that platinum compounds that bind with DNA differently than cisplatin may be better-able to overcome platinum resistance in ovarian tumor, the monofunctional platinum complex tris(imidazo(1,2-α)pyridine) chloroplatinum(II) chloride (coded as LH6) has been synthesized and investigated for its activity, alone and in combination with the phytochemicals curcumin and quercetin, against human ovarian A2780, A2780(cisR) and A2780(ZD0473R) cancer cell lines."	( Monofunctional Platinum-containing Pyridine-based Ligand Acts Synergistically in Combination with the Phytochemicals Curcumin and Quercetin in Human Ovarian Tumour Models. Arzuman, L; Beale, P; Huq, F; Yu, JQ, 2015)	0.8
" Curcumin may provide added benefit in subsets of patients when administered with FOLFOX, and is a well-tolerated chemotherapy adjunct."	( Curcumin inhibits cancer stem cell phenotypes in ex vivo models of colorectal liver metastases, and is clinically safe and tolerable in combination with FOLFOX chemotherapy. Berry, DP; Brown, K; Cai, H; Dennison, A; Garcea, G; Greaves, P; Griffin-Teal, N; Higgins, JA; Howells, LM; Irving, G; Iwuji, C; James, MI; Karmokar, A; Lloyd, DM; Metcalfe, M; Morgan, B; Patel, SR; Steward, WP; Thomas, A, 2015)	2.77
"To investigate the synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells and the down-regulating effect of curcumin on the Keapl-Nrf2 pathway, a well recognized anti-drug pathway in almost drugged tumor cells."	( [Synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells and its related mechanism]. Liu, XP; Wu, XL; Yong, Q; Zhang, SN, 2014)	0.97
"T24 cells were cultured and treated with increasing concentrations of curcumin(5 ,10 and 20 µmol/mL) combined with cisplatin(30 µg/mL) for 24 hours."	( [Synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells and its related mechanism]. Liu, XP; Wu, XL; Yong, Q; Zhang, SN, 2014)	0.94
"The proliferation of T24 cells was significantly inhibited by different concentrations of curcumin combined with cisplatin."	( [Synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells and its related mechanism]. Liu, XP; Wu, XL; Yong, Q; Zhang, SN, 2014)	0.93
"Synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells is observed in this research."	( [Synergism inhibition of curcumin combined with cisplatin on T24 bladder carcinoma cells and its related mechanism]. Liu, XP; Wu, XL; Yong, Q; Zhang, SN, 2014)	1.01
" Although curcumin caused already significant effects, the combination with piperine completely suppressed the osteoclastogenesis by decreasing the TRAP activity and inhibiting the expression of the specific osteoclast markers TRAP, cathepsin K, and calcitonin receptor."	( Curcumin in Combination with Piperine Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro. Geurtsen, W; Leyhausen, G; Martins, CA; Volk, J, 2015)	2.26
"We demonstrated that curcumin combined with piperine suppressed the osteoclastogenesis in vitro without causing cytotoxic effects in periodontal ligament cells."	( Curcumin in Combination with Piperine Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro. Geurtsen, W; Leyhausen, G; Martins, CA; Volk, J, 2015)	2.18
" Moreover, FAPαc vaccine and CpG combined with curcumin lavage inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice implanted with melanoma cells."	( Curcumin combined with FAPαc vaccine elicits effective antitumor response by targeting indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase and inhibiting EMT induced by TNF-α in melanoma. Du, J; Huang, HJ; Jiang, GM; Li, HY; Liang, JP; Liu, HF; Liu, SQ; Liu, ZG; Wang, HS; Wu, BP; Xiao, P; Xie, WY; Xu, W; Yin, WJ; Zhang, QG, 2015)	2.12
"12 μM) has a strong anti-proliferative effect on TNF-α-induced psoriasis-like inflammation when applied in combination with light-emitting-diode devices."	( Red Light Combined with Blue Light Irradiation Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Skin Keratinocytes in Combination with Low Concentrations of Curcumin. Cai, Q; Niu, T; Ren, Q; Tian, Y; Wei, L, 2015)	0.62
" In conclusion, cucurbitacin B in the combination with curcumin could serve as a novel, promising approach for human hepatoma."	( Synergistic effect of cucurbitacin B in combination with curcumin via enhancing apoptosis induction and reversing multidrug resistance in human hepatoma cells. Chen, D; Hu, H; Huang, Z; Qiao, M; Sun, Y; Zhang, J; Zhao, X; Zhou, J, 2015)	0.91
" Here we provide models of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the efficacy of NFC alone and in combination with sorafenib, a kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of HCC."	( A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin in combination with sorafenib synergistically inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Anders, RA; Fan, J; Gao, YB; Hu, B; Maitra, A; Sun, C; Sun, D; Sun, HX; Sun, YF; Tang, WG; Xu, Y; Yang, XR; Zhu, QF, 2015)	0.68
" In this work, we describe a new approach to globally profile and discover novel compounds from an herbal extract using multiple neutral loss/precursor ion scanning combined with substructure recognition and statistical analysis."	( Global Profiling and Novel Structure Discovery Using Multiple Neutral Loss/Precursor Ion Scanning Combined with Substructure Recognition and Statistical Analysis (MNPSS): Characterization of Terpene-Conjugated Curcuminoids in Curcuma longa as a Case Study Bo, T; Guo, DA; Ji, S; Lin, XH; Qiao, X; Ye, M; Zhang, ZX, 2016)	0.62
" With the idea that the difference may translate into an altered spectrum of activity, monofunctional planaramineplatinum(II) complex tris(quinoline)monochloro-platinum chloride (coded as LH5) was synthesized and investigated for its activity against human ovarian A2780, cisplatin-resistant A2780 (A2780(cisR)) and ZD0473-resistnat A2780 (A2780(ZD0473R)) cancer cell lines alone and in combination with the phytochemicals capsaicin (Caps) and curcumin (Cur) as a function of concentration and sequence of administration."	( Synthesis of tris(quinoline)monochloroplatinum(II) Chloride and its Activity Alone and in Combination with Capsaicin and Curcumin in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines. Arzuman, L; Beale, P; Huq, F; Yu, JQ, 2016)	0.81
"Our previous studies have established the efficacy of chemopreventive regimens of aspirin and curcumin (CUR) encapsulated within solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in combination with free sulforaphane (ACS combination) to prevent or delay the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer, classified as one of the deadliest diseases with very low chances of survival upon diagnosis."	( Preclinical systemic toxicity evaluation of chitosan-solid lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated aspirin and curcumin in combination with free sulforaphane in BALB/c mice. Chenreddy, S; Khamas, W; Prabhu, S; Thakkar, A; Thio, A; Wang, J, 2016)	0.87
" Curcumin (CMN) in combination with bioenhancer piperine (PP) in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonian rats was used to investigate the antioxidant, neuromodulatory and neuroprotective mechanisms."	( Neuroprotective potential of curcumin in combination with piperine against 6-hydroxy dopamine induced motor deficit and neurochemical alterations in rats. Kumar, P; Singh, S, 2017)	1.66
"In this research, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in combination with moving window partial least squares-discrimination analysis (MWPLS-DA) was utilized to discriminate the variety of turmeric based on DNA markers, which correlated to the quantity of curcuminoid."	( Rapid Classification of Turmeric Based on DNA Fingerprint by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Moving Window Partial Least Squares-Discrimination Analysis. Kasemsumran, S; Keeratinijakal, V; Suttiwijitpukdee, N, 2017)	0.64
" In this study we have examined the effects of four naturally occurring polyphenols in combination with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the aggregation of α-synuclein in the presence of macromolecular crowding agents."	( Polyphenols in combination with β-cyclodextrin can inhibit and disaggregate α-synuclein amyloids under cell mimicking conditions: A promising therapeutic alternative. Batra, R; Chowdhury, PK; Gautam, S; Karmakar, S; Kundu, B; Pradhan, P; Sharma, P; Singh, J, 2017)	0.46
" Triple therapy group in combination with Curcumin significantly decreased all active, chronic and endoscopic inflammation scores of patients compared to the baseline and triple therapy group (P<0."	( CURCUMIN IN COMBINATION WITH TRIPLE THERAPY REGIMES AMELIORATES OXIDATIVE STRESS AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHANGES IN CHRONIC GASTRITIS-ASSOCIATED HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION. Asadollahi, K; Feizi, J; Hafezi Ahmadi, MR; Judaki, A; Rahmani, A, )	1.84
" It has been reported that the photosensitizer curcumin, in combination with ultraviolet radiation B, induces HaCaT cell apoptosis, and this effect may be due to the activation of caspase pathways."	( Demethoxycurcumin in combination with ultraviolet radiation B induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and caspase activation in A431 and HaCaT cells. Guo, WW; Huang, Q; Jiang, G; Xin, Y; Zhang, LZ; Zhang, P, 2017)	1.13
" Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups and they were intravenously administered with a single injection of CUR-mPEG-PLA micelles, CUR-mPEG-PLA-BP micelles and reference formulations DMSO solution(n=6)."	( [Comparison of pharmacokinetics of curcumin in rats administered with two kinds of polymeric micelles]. Liu, K; Xu, H; Xu, Q; Zhang, D, 2016)	0.71
" This study aimed at screening synthetic aminonathoquinone derivatives (Rau 008, Rau 010, Rau 015 and Rau 018) alone and in combination with curcumin for anti-breast cancer activity."	( Evaluation of the Effects of Aminonaphthoquinone Derivatives in Combination with Curcumin Against ER-positive Breast Cancer and Related Tumours. Davids, H; DE Koning, CB; Mohammed, R; Pereira, MC; VAN Otterlo, WAL, 2017)	0.88
"We report on the potential of Rau 015 or Rau 018 as anti-breast cancer agents when combined with curcumin."	( Evaluation of the Effects of Aminonaphthoquinone Derivatives in Combination with Curcumin Against ER-positive Breast Cancer and Related Tumours. Davids, H; DE Koning, CB; Mohammed, R; Pereira, MC; VAN Otterlo, WAL, 2017)	0.9
"The aim of this clinical trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of curcuminoid complex extract from turmeric rhizome with turmeric volatile oil (CuraMed®) and its combination with boswellic acid extract from Indian frankincense root (Curamin®) vs placebo for the treatment of 40- to 70-year-old patients with osteoarthritis (OA)."	( Efficacy and safety of curcumin and its combination with boswellic acid in osteoarthritis: a comparative, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gasparyan, S; Haroyan, A; Hovhannisyan, A; Minasyan, N; Mkrtchyan, N; Mukuchyan, V; Narimanyan, M; Sargsyan, A, 2018)	1.02
"Twelve-week use of curcumin complex or its combination with boswellic acid reduces pain-related symptoms in patients with OA."	( Efficacy and safety of curcumin and its combination with boswellic acid in osteoarthritis: a comparative, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gasparyan, S; Haroyan, A; Hovhannisyan, A; Minasyan, N; Mkrtchyan, N; Mukuchyan, V; Narimanyan, M; Sargsyan, A, 2018)	1.12
" Herbs, however, contain biologically active compounds and can potentially interact with prescription medications, including chemotherapy drugs."	( Herb-Drug Interactions in Cancer Care. Gubili, J; Mao, JJ; Yeung, KS, 2018)	0.48
" This is the first report on expanding the activity spectrum of XTZ against Gram-negative bacteria through combination with PMBN and food-grade or GRAS substances, with the resulting findings being particularly useful for increasing the industrial and medical applications of XTZ."	( Expansion of antibacterial spectrum of xanthorrhizol against Gram-negatives in combination with PMBN and food-grade antimicrobials. Choi, SK; Hwang, JK; Kim, CH; Kim, H; Kim, HR; Kim, MS; Park, SH, 2019)	0.51
" In conclusion, curcumin treatment combined with GR may be a useful supportive approach for preventing intracellular alkalinization and cancer progression."	( Curcumin Treatment in Combination with Glucose Restriction Inhibits Intracellular Alkalinization and Tumor Growth in Hepatoma Cells. Cha, MJ; Jin, X; Kim, SW; Lee, JD; Lee, JM; Lee, SK; Park, JH; Song, BW, 2019)	2.3
" The efficacy of EF24 alone or combined with mitotane (reference drug for adrenocortical cancer) was evaluated in two adrenocortical tumor cell lines, SW13 and H295R."	( Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines. Armanini, D; Barollo, S; Bertazza, L; Faccio, I; Mari, ME; Mian, C; Pezzani, R; Redaelli, M; Rubin, B; Zorzan, M, 2019)	0.8
" Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3k/Akt pathways were modulated by Western blot analysis when treating cells with EF24 alone or combined with mitotane."	( Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines. Armanini, D; Barollo, S; Bertazza, L; Faccio, I; Mari, ME; Mian, C; Pezzani, R; Redaelli, M; Rubin, B; Zorzan, M, 2019)	0.8
"A method using microwave-assisted ionic liquid-micelle extraction combined with dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) has been proposed for the extraction of three sesquiterpenoids in Curcuma plant."	( Microwave-assisted ionic liquid-based micelle extraction combined with trace-fluorinated carbon nanotubes in dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction to determine three sesquiterpenes in roots of Curcuma wenyujin. Chu, C; Jiang, L; Liu, C; Wang, S; Yan, J; Zhang, H, 2019)	0.51
"CUR inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in both KG-1 and U937 cells and this effect increased by combination with THAL."	( Curcumin Combined with Thalidomide Reduces Expression of Babakhani, D; Bahadoran, M; Chahardouli, B; Dashti, N; Haghi, A; Mohammadi Kian, M; Mohammadi, S; Nikbakht, M; Rostami, S; Salemi, M, 2020)	2
" In this study, the effects of cur C086 combined with cisplatin on the biological processes of osteosarcoma cells were investigated."	( Curcumin Derivative C086 Combined with Cisplatin Inhibits Proliferation of Osteosarcoma Cells. Huang, Y; Jiang, X, 2020)	2
" We aim to investigate whether low-dose curcumin combined with low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) effectively suppresses the growth of glioma cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms."	( Curcumin combined with low-intensity ultrasound suppresses the growth of glioma cells via inhibition of the AKT pathway. Bai, Z; Bian, D; Fang, Y; Shi, G; Zhang, Z, 2021)	2.33
" The synergistic scavenging effect and mechanism of curcumin combined with quercetin on ACR was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)."	( Trapping of Acrolein by Curcumin and the Synergistic Inhibition Effect of Curcumin Combined with Quercetin. Jiang, X; Lu, Y; Lv, H; Lv, L, 2021)	1.18
"5‑30 µM) alone, with phototherapy (PDT, 488 nm) or in combination with vincristine (VCR) or dactinomycin (DAC)."	( Antitumor effects of curcumin in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma in combination with chemotherapy and phototherapy in vitro. Bortel, N; Ellerkamp, V; Fuchs, J; Schmid, E; Sorg, C, 2021)	0.94
"Curcumin combined with dutasteride suppressed proliferation and affected apoptosis of LNCaP cells."	( Effects of Curcumin Combined With the 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Dutasteride on LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells. Arai, G; Fukuda, K; Horie, S; Ide, H; Lu, Y; Nakayama, A; Okada, H; Osaka, A; Saito, K; Takei, A, )	1.96
" Therefore, a novel alginate/gelatin sponge combined with curcumin-loaded electrospun fibers (CFAGS) for rapid hemostasis and prevention of tumor recurrence was prepared by using an electrospinning and interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) strategy."	( A novel alginate/gelatin sponge combined with curcumin-loaded electrospun fibers for postoperative rapid hemostasis and prevention of tumor recurrence. Chen, K; Ji, D; Li, Y; Liu, D; Pan, H; Pan, W; Su, Y; Yan, Z; Yun, K, 2021)	1.12
" For fast discrimination and quantification analysis of Ezhu from three botanical origins (Curcuma kwangsiensis, Curcuma phaeocaulis, and Curcuma wenyujin), ultra-violet (UV) spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with chemometric tools were employed in this study."	( UV spectroscopy and HPLC combined with chemometrics for rapid discrimination and quantification of Curcumae Rhizoma from three botanical origins. Dong, Y; Fan, Q; He, T; Jia, J; Liu, X; Ma, J; Ren, X; She, G; Song, R; Wang, J; Wang, L; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wei, J; Yu, A, 2021)	0.62
"Attenuated total reflection fourier transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was used to rapidly discriminate the four species of Yujin."	( Rapid discrimination and screening of volatile markers for varietal recognition of Curcumae Radix using ATR-FTIR and HS-GC-MS combined with chemometrics. Dong, Y; Fan, Q; Li, X; Liu, X; Ma, J; Ren, X; Shan, D; She, G; Song, R; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Wei, J; Yao, J; Yu, A, 2021)	0.62
"Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin combined with 5-FU on autophagy and Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells."	( [Curcumin combined with 5-FU promotes autophagy and down-regulates the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells]. Wang, X; Zhu, J, 2021)	1.8
" The objective of this window-of-opportunity, proof-of principle trial was to evaluate the effect of curcumin combined with anthocyanin supplements on tissue biomarkers of colorectal adenomatous polyps."	( A Presurgical Study of Curcumin Combined with Anthocyanin Supplements in Patients with Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps. Briata, IM; Brown, K; Caviglia, S; DeCensi, A; Howells, L; Lazzeroni, M; Libera, MD; Oppezzi, M; Paleari, L; Petrera, M; Puntoni, M; Romagnoli, P; Rutigliani, M; Singh, R; Siri, G, 2021)	1.15
"To study the therapeutic effect of lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin on chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in rats and its underlying mechanism."	( [Lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in rats: Effect and mechanism]. Chen, D; Xing, NZ; Yang, FY; Zhao, QX, 2021)	1.12
" Conclusions: Lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin is more effective than any of the three drugs used alone in the treatment of CP/CPPS, which may be associated with its alleviation of inflammatory response and oxidative stress by interaction between the NF-κB, MAPKs and Nrf2 signaling pathways."	( [Lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in rats: Effect and mechanism]. Chen, D; Xing, NZ; Yang, FY; Zhao, QX, 2021)	1.14
" Evidence suggests that curcumin combined with photodynamic therapy can overcome the limitation of curcumin's low bioavailability by acting on apoptosis pathways, such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase family, and affecting cell cycle."	( Curcumin combined with photodynamic therapy, promising therapies for the treatment of cancer. Ji, X; Wei, Y; Xie, L; Zhang, Q, 2022)	2.47
" Here, we investigated the potential synergistic anticancer effects of these two compounds in combination with the standard cancer drug 5-FU on the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells."	( Evaluation of the Effects of Nanomicellar Curcumin, Berberine, and Their Combination with 5-Fluorouracil on Breast Cancer Cells. Ghasemi, F; Sahebkar, A; Ziasarabi, P, 2021)	0.89
" Cell viability and colony formation assays in three human CRC cell lines showed that HZ-CUR had a stronger anti-CRC effect than free CUR when given alone and a stronger synergistic effect when combined with OXA, especially in HCT116 and HT29 cell lines."	( Hyaluronic Acid-Zein Core-Shell Nanoparticles Improve the Anticancer Effect of Curcumin Alone or in Combination with Oxaliplatin against Colorectal Cancer via CD44-Mediated Cellular Uptake. Chen, F; Cheng, KW; Liu, L; Yang, S, 2022)	0.95
" This study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability with long-term survival rates in patients with colorectal cancer with unresectable metastases after treatment with first-line bevacizumab/FOLFIRI (folinic acid, bolus/continuous fluorouracil, and irinotecan) in combination with a dietary supplement of G-NLC."	( Long-term Survival, Tolerability, and Safety of First-Line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in Combination With Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Baek, JH; Jeon, Y; Sym, SJ; Yoo, BK, )	0.33
" The enrolled patients had colorectal cancer with unresectable metastases and were administered bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in combination with daily oral G-NLC as first-line treatment."	( Long-term Survival, Tolerability, and Safety of First-Line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in Combination With Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Baek, JH; Jeon, Y; Sym, SJ; Yoo, BK, )	0.33
"The key ingredients of ZTOI were characterized using UPLC-MS/MS combined with literature mining."	( Multiple anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Zedoary Turmeric Oil Injection against lipopolysaccharides-induced acute lung injury in rats elucidated by network pharmacology combined with transcriptomics. Jiang, CX; Li, XK; Lin, S; Shang, HC; Wei, XH; Wu, YZ; Zhang, Q, 2022)	0.72
" Because CUR does not influence glucose levels, we have also tested the effects of nCUR combined with long-acting subcutaneous insulin (INS)."	( Oral Nanocurcumin Alone or in Combination with Insulin Alleviates STZ-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy in Rats. Arora, M; Basu, R; Dwivedi, S; Friend, R; Ganugula, R; Gottipati, A; Kumar, MNVR; Osburne, R; Pan, HL; Rodrigues-Hoffman, A, 2022)	1.14
"The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of curcumin in combination with  intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)."	( Efficacy of Curcumin in Combination with Intralesional Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adhikari, S; Maharjan, IK; Rimal, J; Shrestha, A, 2022)	1.34
"Curcumin in combination with intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase is efficacious in the treatment of OSF."	( Efficacy of Curcumin in Combination with Intralesional Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adhikari, S; Maharjan, IK; Rimal, J; Shrestha, A, 2022)	2.54
" acnes biofilm-induced inflammatory response in keratinocytes, either alone or in combination with blue light photodynamic therapy."	( Low curcumin concentrations combined with blue light inhibits cutibacterium acnes biofilm-induced inflammatory response through suppressing MAPK and NF-κB in keratinocytes. Chen, X; Duan, Z; He, Y; Li, M; Liu, Y; Xu, H; Yang, L; Zeng, R; Zheng, N; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.28
" Herein, an intracellular synergistic strategy is proposed, which is realized by on-site delivery of a drug combination using a macrophage/intracellular bacterium-dual targeted drug delivery system (DDS)."	( Dual-targeted poly(amino acid) nanoparticles deliver drug combinations on-site: an intracellular synergistic strategy to eliminate intracellular bacteria. Feng, W; Kang, X; Li, G; Li, H; Liu, F; Wang, X; Zhao, D; Zheng, W, 2023)	0.91
" In the present study, to enhance Cur-mediated beige adipocyte formation and reduce the required functional Cur dose, we investigated whether a low dose of Cur combined with exercise synergistically induced beige adipocyte formation."	( Low Dose of Curcumin Combined with Exercise Synergistically Induces Beige Adipocyte Formation in Mice. Kato, D; Kojima, T; Tanahashi, K; Tsuda, T, 2023)	1.29

Bioavailability

Curcumin is a plant-derived polyphenolic compound. It exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties, but its poor solubility and limited oral bioavailability reduce its therapeutic potential. Co-administration of curcumin along with piperine could potentially improve the bioavailability of Curcumin.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Measurements of blood plasma levels and biliary excretion showed that curcumin was poorly absorbed from the gut."	( A study on the fate of curcumin in the rat. Blennow, G; Wahlström, B, 1978)	0.8
" Poor circulating bioavailability of curcumin may account for the lack of lung and breast carcinogenesis inhibition."	( Inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice. Frenkel, K; Huang, MT; Newmark, HL, 1997)	0.88
" cannot be utilised because of poor bioavailability due to its rapid metabolism in the liver and intestinal wall."	( Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Joseph, T; Joy, D; Majeed, M; Rajendran, R; Shoba, G; Srinivas, PS, 1998)	0.55
" The systemic bioavailability of curcumin is low, so that its pharmacological activity may be mediated, in part, by curcumin metabolites."	( Characterization of metabolites of the chemopreventive agent curcumin in human and rat hepatocytes and in the rat in vivo, and evaluation of their ability to inhibit phorbol ester-induced prostaglandin E2 production. Gescher, A; Howells, L; Ireson, C; Jones, DJ; Jukes, R; Lim, CK; Luo, JL; Orr, S; Plummer, S; Steward, WP; Verschoyle, R; Williams, M, 2001)	0.83
" One possible reason for curcumin's lack of activity is that it is poorly absorbed in the digestive tract."	( Curcumin trial finds no activity. Gilden, D; Smart, T, 1996)	2.04
"2 g daily, equivalent to 180 mg of curcumin; (b) curcumin has low oral bioavailability in humans and may undergo intestinal metabolism; and (c) larger clinical trials of Curcuma extract are merited."	( Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of oral Curcuma extract in patients with colorectal cancer. Euden, SA; Gescher, AJ; Hill, KA; Ireson, CR; Manson, MM; Marnett, LJ; McLelland, HR; Pirmohamed, M; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2001)	0.59
" The systemic bioavailability of curcumin is low, perhaps attributable, at least in part, to metabolism."	( Metabolism of the cancer chemopreventive agent curcumin in human and rat intestine. Boocock, DJ; Coughtrie, MW; Farmer, PB; Gescher, AJ; Ireson, CR; Jones, DJ; Orr, S; Steward, WP; Williams, ML, 2002)	0.85
" This may aid in improving bioavailability and dose reduction of the drug."	( Characterization of curcumin-PVP solid dispersion obtained by spray drying. Ambike, AA; Jadhav, BK; Mahadik, KR; Paradkar, A, 2004)	0.65
" The bioavailability of the microspheres to the conventional self-emulsifying formulation for oral administration was evaluated in 12 healthy rabbits."	( A novel formulation design about water-insoluble oily drug: preparation of zedoary turmeric oil microspheres with self-emulsifying ability and evaluation in rabbits. Cui, FD; Han, X; Li, QP; Yang, MS; You, J; Yu, YW, 2005)	0.33
" More in-depth studies on bioavailability should facilitate correlation of mechanisms determined in vitro with in vivo situations, increase our understanding of dose-response relationships, and facilitate extrapolation of results from animal studies to human situations."	( Inhibition of carcinogenesis by polyphenols: evidence from laboratory investigations. Hong, J; Lambert, JD; Liao, J; Yang, CS; Yang, GY, 2005)	0.33
" Critical areas of future investigation include: (1) identification of the direct molecular target(s) of EGCG and related polyphenolic compounds in cells; (2) the in vivo metabolism and bioavailability of these compounds; (3) the ancillary effects of these compounds on tumor-stromal interactions; (4) the development of synergistic combinations with other antitumor agents to enhance efficacy in cancer prevention and therapy, and also minimize potential toxicities."	( Modulation of signal transduction by tea catechins and related phytochemicals. Shimizu, M; Weinstein, IB, 2005)	0.33
" Bioavailability study indicated a rapid increase in curcumin in plasma and brain within 1 hr after treatment."	( Neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin against cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis and behavioral deficits. Jensen, MD; Lubahn, DE; MacDonald, RS; Miller, DK; Rottinghaus, GE; Shelat, PB; Simonyi, A; Sun, AY; Sun, GY; Wang, Q; Weisman, GA, 2005)	0.87
" Although curcumin's low systemic bioavailability following oral dosing may limit access of sufficient concentrations for pharmacological effect in certain tissues, the attainment of biologically active levels in the gastrointestinal tract has been demonstrated in animals and humans."	( Curcumin: the story so far. Gescher, AJ; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2005)	2.17
" It is pharmacologically safe, but its bioavailability is poor after oral administration."	( Liposome-encapsulated curcumin: in vitro and in vivo effects on proliferation, apoptosis, signaling, and angiogenesis. Braiteh, FS; Kurzrock, R; Li, L, 2005)	0.64
" Complex formation resulted in an obvious increase in bioavailability of curcumin in rat in vivo according to the assay by above LC/MS/MS method."	( Validated LC/MS/MS assay for curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin in rat plasma and application to pharmacokinetic study of phospholipid complex of curcumin. Fan, P; Liu, A; Lou, H; Zhao, L, 2006)	0.86
" The bioavailability of the microspheres was compared with conventional ZTO self-emulsifying formulations for oral administration using 12 healthy rabbits."	( Study of the preparation of sustained-release microspheres containing zedoary turmeric oil by the emulsion-solvent-diffusion method and evaluation of the self-emulsification and bioavailability of the oil. Cui, FD; Han, X; Li, QP; Wang, YS; Yang, L; You, J; Yu, YW, 2006)	0.33
" Given that achieving systemic bioavailability of curcumin or its metabolites may not be essential for colorectal cancer chemoprevention, these findings warrant further investigation for its utility as a long-term chemopreventive agent."	( Dose escalation of a curcuminoid formulation. Bailey, JM; Boggs, ME; Brenner, DE; Crowell, J; Heath, DD; Lao, CD; Murray, SI; Normolle, D; Rock, CL; Ruffin, MT, 2006)	0.91
" All phytochemicals tend to increase the therapeutic effect by blocking one or more targets of the signal transduction pathway, by increasing the bioavailability of the other drug or, by stabilizing the other drug in the system."	( Potential synergism of natural products in the treatment of cancer. Doble, M; HemaIswarya, S, 2006)	0.33
" This in turn may affect the bioavailability of therapeutic drugs and toxicity levels of environmental chemicals, particularly procarcinogens."	( Turmeric and curcumin modulate the conjugation of 1-naphthol in Caco-2 cells. Naganuma, M; Okamura, S; Saruwatari, A; Tamura, H, 2006)	0.7
" We explored whether formulation with phosphatidylcholine increases the oral bioavailability or affects the metabolite profile of curcumin."	( Comparison of systemic availability of curcumin with that of curcumin formulated with phosphatidylcholine. Cooke, DN; Gescher, AJ; Marczylo, TH; Morazzoni, P; Steward, WP; Verschoyle, RD, 2007)	0.81
" The oral bioavailability was about 1%."	( Oral bioavailability of curcumin in rat and the herbal analysis from Curcuma longa by LC-MS/MS. Lin, LC; Tsai, TH; Tseng, TY; Wang, SC; Yang, KY, 2007)	0.65
" Curcumin in its free form is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and therefore may be limited in its clinical efficacy."	( Liposomal curcumin with and without oxaliplatin: effects on cell growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Ahmed, B; Kurzrock, R; Li, L; Mehta, K, 2007)	1.65
"We suggest that the reduced bioavailability of talinolol is most probably due to the low intraluminal curcumin concentration, or possibly due to the upregulation of further ATP-binding cassette transporters, such as MRP2, in different tissues."	( Unexpected effect of concomitantly administered curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in healthy Chinese volunteers. Bi-Kui, Z; Cong, Z; Fen-Li, S; Feng, W; Jing, T; Juan, H; Juan, S; Rong-Hua, Z; Terhaag, B; Wen-Xing, P, 2007)	0.81
", EF-24, 41) exhibit good oral bioavailability and good pharmacokinetics in mice."	( Highly active anticancer curcumin analogues. Liotta, DC; Mosley, CA; Snyder, JP, 2007)	0.64
" Preclinical data from animal models and phase I clinical studies performed with human volunteers and patients with cancer have demonstrated low systemic bioavailability following oral dosing."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin. Gescher, AJ; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2007)	0.61
" The pharmacokinetic studies of curcumin indicated in general a low bioavailability of curcumin following oral application."	( Clinical studies with curcumin. Cheng, AL; Hsu, CH, 2007)	0.94
" However, some of these agents have poor bioavailability and many of the in-depth studies into their mechanisms of action have been carried out in vitro using doses which are unachievable in humans."	( Predicting the physiological relevance of in vitro cancer preventive activities of phytochemicals. Andreadi, CK; Foreman, BE; Howells, LM; Hudson, EA; Manson, MM; Moiseeva, EP; Neal, CP; Sun, YY, 2007)	0.34
" Given that GSTM1a-1a and GSTP1-1 are present in the intestinal epithelial cells, it can be concluded that efficient glutathione conjugation of curcumin may already occur in the enterocytes, followed by an efficient excretion of these glutathione conjugates to the lumen, thereby reducing the bioavailability of (unconjugated) curcumin."	( Human glutathione S-transferase-mediated glutathione conjugation of curcumin and efflux of these conjugates in Caco-2 cells. Boersma, MG; Cnubben, NH; Rietjens, IM; Usta, M; van Bladeren, PJ; Vervoort, J; Wortelboer, HM, 2007)	0.78
" To improve the bioavailability of curcumin, numerous approaches have been undertaken."	( Bioavailability of curcumin: problems and promises. Aggarwal, BB; Anand, P; Kunnumakkara, AB; Newman, RA, )	0.74
" Although curcumin's low systemic bioavailability after oral dosing may limit access of sufficient concentrations for pharmacologic effects in tissues outside the gastrointestinal tract, chemical analogues and novel delivery methods are in preclinical development to overcome this barrier."	( Curcumin: preventive and therapeutic properties in laboratory studies and clinical trials. Sharma, RA; Strimpakos, AS, 2008)	2.19
" Although curcumin is poorly absorbed after ingestion, multiple studies have suggested that even low levels of physiologically achievable concentrations of curcumin may be sufficient for its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity."	( Multi-targeted therapy by curcumin: how spicy is it? Aggarwal, BB; Goel, A; Jhurani, S, 2008)	1.05
" Iron uptake and iron bioavailability were documented by chemical assay, quench of calcein fluorescence and ferritin induction."	( Curcumin reduces the toxic effects of iron loading in rat liver epithelial cells. Kowdley, KV; Messner, DJ; Sivam, G, 2009)	1.8
"Curcumin bound iron, but did not block iron uptake or bioavailability in T51B cells given FAC."	( Curcumin reduces the toxic effects of iron loading in rat liver epithelial cells. Kowdley, KV; Messner, DJ; Sivam, G, 2009)	3.24
" However, its clinical advance has been hindered by its short biological half-life and low bioavailability after oral administration."	( New mechanisms and therapeutic potential of curcumin for colorectal cancer. Alarcón de la Lastra, C; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S; Villegas, I, 2008)	0.61
" In addition, curcumin's low bioavailability and efficacy profile in vivo further hinders its clinical development."	( EF24, a novel curcumin analog, disrupts the microtubule cytoskeleton and inhibits HIF-1. Giannakakou, P; Hamel, E; Liotta, D; Malik, S; Snyder, JP; Thomas, SL; Zhong, D; Zhou, W, 2008)	1.07
"The present study was designed to investigate the involvement of monoaminergic system(s) in the antidepressant activity of curcumin and the effect of piperine, a bioavailability enhancer, on the bioavailability and biological effects of curcumin."	( Antidepressant activity of curcumin: involvement of serotonin and dopamine system. Bhutani, MK; Bishnoi, M; Kulkarni, SK, 2008)	0.85
" In spite of its safety and efficacy, the in vivo bioavailability of curcumin is poor, and this may be a major obstacle to its utility as a therapeutic agent."	( An in vitro study of liposomal curcumin: stability, toxicity and biological activity in human lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B-cells. Burke, TG; Chen, C; Gedaly, R; Jeon, H; Johnston, TD; McHugh, PP; Ranjan, D, 2009)	0.87
" Based on studies in wild type and abcg2-/- mice, we observed that oral curcumin increased Cmax and relative bioavailability of sulfasalazine by selectively inhibiting ABCG2 function."	( Curcumin inhibits the activity of ABCG2/BCRP1, a multidrug resistance-linked ABC drug transporter in mice. Ambudkar, SV; Bauer, B; Hartz, A; Shukla, S; Ware, JA; Zaher, H, 2009)	2.03
" However, poor bioavailability and temperature and light sensitivity can reduce the efficacy of drugs like curcumin."	( Drug development for liver diseases: focus on picroliv, ellagic acid and curcumin. Girish, C; Pradhan, SC, 2008)	0.79
"Curcumin is a poorly water-soluble drug and its oral bioavailability is very low."	( Enhancement of oral absorption of curcumin by self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems. Cui, J; Li, H; Lou, H; Yu, B; Zhai, G; Zhao, Y; Zhu, W, 2009)	2.07
"The bioavailability of the putative cancer chemopreventive agent curcumin is limited, making measurement either in target tissues or in biofluids difficult and variable between studies."	( Rapid analysis of curcumin and curcumin metabolites in rat biomatrices using a novel ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Gescher, AJ; Marczylo, TH; Steward, WP, 2009)	0.92
" However, there is concern about the bioavailability of these agents pertinent to the poor absorption and thereby limiting its clinical use."	( Liposome encapsulation of curcumin and resveratrol in combination reduces prostate cancer incidence in PTEN knockout mice. Narayanan, BA; Narayanan, NK; Nargi, D; Randolph, C, 2009)	0.65
" However, its low bioavailability and potency prevent it from being effective in most chemotherapeutic applications."	( Curcumin analogues exhibit enhanced growth suppressive activity in human pancreatic cancer cells. Ball, S; Bekaii-Saab, T; Friedman, L; Fuchs, J; Li, C; Li, PK; Lin, J; Lin, L, 2009)	1.8
" However, studies have shown that curcumin is not readily bioavailable, and thus the tissue bioavailability of curcumin is also poor except for gastrointestinal track."	( New difluoro Knoevenagel condensates of curcumin, their Schiff bases and copper complexes as proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers in cancer cells. Banerjee, S; Chavan, D; Cui, QC; Dominiak, K; Dou, QP; Jamadar, A; McKinney, J; Padhye, S; Sarkar, FH; Yang, H, 2009)	0.9
" We have developed a series of curcumin analogs to improve its low bioavailability by enhancing its potentials."	( Newly synthesized curcumin analog has improved potential to prevent colorectal carcinogenesis in vivo. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kakudo, Y; Kudo, C; Noda, T; Ohori, H; Sato, A; Shibata, H; Takahashi, Y; Takano, H; Watanabe, M; Yamakoshi, H, 2009)	0.97
" The low bioavailability and in vivo stability of curcumin require the development of suitable carrier vehicles to deliver the molecule in a sustained manner at therapeutic levels."	( Curcumin-loaded poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibres: diabetic wound dressing with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chen, AF; Laurencin, CT; McLaughlin, SW; Merrell, JG; Nair, LS; Tie, L, 2009)	2.05
" The in vivo pharmacokinetics revealed that curcumin entrapped nanoparticles demonstrate at least 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer."	( Nanoparticle encapsulation improves oral bioavailability of curcumin by at least 9-fold when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer. Ankola, DD; Beniwal, V; Kumar, MN; Shaikh, J; Singh, D, 2009)	0.86
" But its highly lipophilic nature and very poor bioavailability hampers its therapeutic usefulness."	( Development of curcuminoids loaded poly(butyl) cyanoacrylate nanoparticles: Physicochemical characterization and stability study. Mahadik, K; Mulik, R; Paradkar, A, 2009)	0.71
" However, the clinical advancement of this promising molecule has been hindered by its poor water solubility, short biological half-life, and low bioavailability after oral administration."	( Systemic delivery of curcumin: 21st century solutions for an ancient conundrum. Bisht, S; Maitra, A, 2009)	0.67
" Oral curcumin has poor oral bioavailability limiting its clinical activity; however, a patent pending liposomal formulation of curcumin was developed to improve drug delivery and has demonstrated activity in multiple cancers."	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	1.06
" Pharmacokinetic parameters revealed that CDF had better retention and bioavailability and that the concentration of CDF in the pancreas tissue was 10-fold higher compared to Curcumin."	( Fluorocurcumins as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: molecular docking, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in mice. Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Chavan, D; Dou, QP; Li, J; Padhye, S; Pandye, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV, 2009)	1.03
"Our observations clearly suggest that the bioavailability of CDF is much superior compared to Curcumin, suggesting that CDF would be clinically useful."	( Fluorocurcumins as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: molecular docking, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in mice. Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Chavan, D; Dou, QP; Li, J; Padhye, S; Pandye, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV, 2009)	1.05
"Curcumin has numerous anti-carcinogenic properties, but low bioavailability prevents its use in chemotherapeutic applications."	( Curcumin analogue GO-Y030 inhibits STAT3 activity and cell growth in breast and pancreatic carcinomas. Cen, L; De Angelis, S; Friedman, L; Hutzen, B; Iwabuchi, Y; Lin, J; Lin, L; Shibata, H; Sobo, M; Yamakoshi, H, 2009)	3.24
" Overall we demonstrate that curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles formulation has enhanced cellular uptake, and increased bioactivity in vitro and superior bioavailability in vivo over curcumin."	( Design of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles formulation with enhanced cellular uptake, and increased bioactivity in vitro and superior bioavailability in vivo. Aggarwal, BB; Anand, P; Kunnumakkara, AB; Nair, HB; Sung, B; Tekmal, RR; Yadav, VR, 2010)	1.05
" The resulting LEC was then examined for its effect on bioavailability in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats."	( Evaluation of an oral carrier system in rats: bioavailability and antioxidant properties of liposome-encapsulated curcumin. Asikin, Y; Takahashi, M; Takara, K; Uechi, S; Wada, K, 2009)	0.56
" The bioavailability of the liposomes was evaluated in rabbits, compared with the conventional self-emulsifying formulation for oral administration."	( Preparation of liposomes containing zedoary turmeric oil using freeze-drying of liposomes via TBA/water cosolvent systems and evaluation of the bioavailability of the oil. Fu, D; Yang, Z; Yu, S, 2010)	0.36
" Their pro-homeostatic effects on genes, transcription factors, enzymes, and cell signaling pathways are being intensively explored, but the poor bioavailability of some polyphenols likely contributes to poor clinical trial outcomes."	( Bioavailability and activity of phytosome complexes from botanical polyphenols: the silymarin, curcumin, green tea, and grape seed extracts. Kidd, PM, 2009)	0.57
" On the basis of these observations, taken together with dissolution and pharmacokinetic behaviors, CSD strategy would be efficacious to enhance bioavailability of curcumin with high photochemical stability."	( Formulation design and photochemical studies on nanocrystal solid dispersion of curcumin with improved oral bioavailability. Hatanaka, J; Kawabata, Y; Onoue, S; Seto, Y; Takahashi, H; Timmermann, B; Yamada, S, 2010)	0.78
" Nevertheless, before initiating extensive clinical trials, more basic research is required to improve its solubility, absorption and bioavailability and gain additional information about its safety and efficacy in different species."	( Biological actions of curcumin on articular chondrocytes. Allaway, D; Clutterbuck, AL; Harris, P; Henrotin, Y; Lodwig, EM; Mathy-Hartert, M; Mobasheri, A; Shakibaei, M, 2010)	0.68
" However, the major disadvantage associated with the use of curcumin is its low systemic bioavailability when administered orally due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Formulation, characterization and evaluation of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanospheres for cancer therapy. Mukerjee, A; Vishwanatha, JK, 2009)	0.85
" In this work, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin were synthesized and used to treat two different CF mouse strains in an effort to correct the defects associated with CF by improving bioavailability of the compound, which has previously been a challenge in treatment with curcumin."	( Partial correction of cystic fibrosis defects with PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin. Caplan, MJ; Caputo, C; Cartiera, MS; Egan, ME; Ferreira, EC; Saltzman, WM, 2010)	0.81
" Design of synthetic structural derivatives of curcumin is but one approach that has been used to overcome its poor bioavailability while retaining, or further enhancing, its drug-like effects."	( A synthetic curcuminoid derivative inhibits nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. Cheah, YK; Israf, DA; Kim, MK; Lajis, NH; Lam, KW; Liew, CY; Mohamad, AS; Sulaiman, MR; Tham, CL; Zakaria, ZA, 2010)	1
" In addition, we present clear evidence that piperine, an enhancer of curcumin bioavailability in humans, potentiates the apoptotic effect of curcumin against medulloblastoma cells."	( Curcumin inhibits the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway and triggers apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells. Aboussekhra, A; Al-Hindi, H; Al-Kofide, A; Al-Shail, E; Elamin, MH; Hendrayani, SF; Khafaga, Y; Shinwari, Z, 2010)	2.04
" Curcumin targets multiple chemotherapeutic and inflammatory pathways and has demonstrated safety and tolerability in humans, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent; however, the clinical literature lacks conclusive evidence supporting its use as a therapeutic agent due to its low bioavailability in humans."	( Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers. Agarwal, MG; Gandhi, TR; Gota, VS; Kochar, N; Maru, GB; Soni, TG, 2010)	1.53
" The objective was to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin, simultaneously reducing the required dose through selective targeting to colon."	( Curcumin loaded pH-sensitive nanoparticles for the treatment of colon cancer. Chandan, K; Grace, S; Meera, V; Prajakta, D; Ratnesh, J; Suresh, S; Vandana, P, 2009)	2.05
" Some clinical studies with healthy volunteers revealed a low bioavailability of curcumin, casting doubt on the use of curcumin only as food additive."	( Curcumin as an anti-cancer agent: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications. Bar-Sela, G; Epelbaum, R; Schaffer, M, 2010)	2.03
" However, low bioavailability and photodegradation are the major concerns for the use of curcumin."	( ApoE3 mediated poly(butyl) cyanoacrylate nanoparticles containing curcumin: study of enhanced activity of curcumin against beta amyloid induced cytotoxicity using in vitro cell culture model. Juvonen, RO; Mahadik, KR; Mönkkönen, J; Mulik, RS; Paradkar, AR, 2010)	0.82
" However, it is important to note that the low water solubility, poor in vivo bioavailability and unacceptable pharmacokinetic profile of these natural compounds limit their efficacy as anti-cancer agents for solid tumors."	( Lesson learned from nature for the development of novel anti-cancer agents: implication of isoflavone, curcumin, and their synthetic analogs. Li, Y; Padhye, S; Sarkar, FH; Wang, Z, 2010)	0.58
" The anticancer potential of Curcumin is severely affected by its limited systemic and target tissue bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Perspectives on chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of curcumin analogs in medicinal chemistry. Chavan, D; Deshpande, J; Padhye, S; Pandey, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV, 2010)	0.89
"Curcumin induces cancer cell growth arrest and apoptosis in vitro, but its poor bioavailability in vivo limits its antitumor efficacy."	( Gemcitabine sensitivity can be induced in pancreatic cancer cells through modulation of miR-200 and miR-21 expression by curcumin or its analogue CDF. Ahmad, A; Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Dominiak, K; Padhye, S; Philip, PA; Sarkar, FH; Schaffert, JM; Wang, Z, 2010)	2.01
" Curcumin-encapsulated micelles increased the bioavailability of curcumin due to enhanced uptake (2."	( Curcumin-encapsulated MePEG/PCL diblock copolymeric micelles: a novel controlled delivery vehicle for cancer therapy. Acharya, S; Dilnawaz, F; Mohanty, AK; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2010)	2.71
" However, its prominent application in cancer treatment is limited due to sub-optimal pharmacokinetics and poor bioavailability at the tumor site."	( beta-Cyclodextrin-curcumin self-assembly enhances curcumin delivery in prostate cancer cells. Chauhan, SC; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2010)	0.69
"Poor oral bioavailability limits the use of curcumin and other dietary polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of cancer."	( Injectable sustained release microparticles of curcumin: a new concept for cancer chemoprevention. Blum, A; Freeman, D; Ma, L; Panyam, J; Shahani, K; Swaminathan, SK, 2010)	0.88
" Unfortunately, the compound has poor aqueous solubility, which results in poor bioavailability following high doses by oral administration."	( Curcumin nanoparticles improve the physicochemical properties of curcumin and effectively enhance its antioxidant and antihepatoma activities. Lin, CC; Lin, LT; Tzeng, CW; Wu, TH; Yen, FL, 2010)	1.8
" This concise review is mainly focused on nanoemulsions and polymer micelles-based delivery systems which have shown enhanced oral bioavailability and biological efficacies (that is, antiinflammation, anti-cancer, and so on) of different phytochemicals."	( Bioavailability and delivery of nutraceuticals using nanotechnology. Huang, Q; Ru, Q; Yu, H, )	0.13
" Piperine (20 mg/kg orally) was administered along with curcumin to enhance the bioavailability of the latter up to 20-fold more."	( Antioxidant potential of curcumin against oxidative insult induced by pentylenetetrazol in epileptic rats. Jyothy, A; Munshi, A; Nehru, B; Sharma, V, 2010)	0.91
" Bioavailability of curcuminoids is low, and huge amounts remain in the intestine."	( Effects of Curcuma extracts and curcuminoids on expression of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4 in the intestinal cell culture model LS180. Aeschlimann, J; Bittel, C; Büter, KB; Drewe, J; Graber-Maier, A; Gutmann, H; Kreuter, M, 2010)	0.97
" Enhanced bioavailability of curcumin was evidenced when the same was orally administered concomitant with piperine."	( Tissue distribution & elimination of capsaicin, piperine & curcumin following oral intake in rats. Srinivasan, K; Suresh, D, 2010)	0.9
"Considerable difference exists in the bioavailability of the three test compounds."	( Tissue distribution & elimination of capsaicin, piperine & curcumin following oral intake in rats. Srinivasan, K; Suresh, D, 2010)	0.6
" As our study showed that curcumin impairs generative and somatic cell division, its future clinical use or of its derivatives with improved bioavailability after oral administration, should take into consideration the possibility of extensive side-effects on normal cells."	( Curcumin disrupts meiotic and mitotic divisions via spindle impairment and inhibition of CDK1 activity. Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Kolano, A; Maleszewski, M; Mosieniak, G; Nieznanski, K; Sikora, E; Sikora-Polaczek, M; Styrna, J, 2010)	2.1
"Curcumin has been shown highly cytotoxic towards various cancer cell lines, but its water-insolubility and instability make its bioavailability exceedingly low and thus it generally demonstrates low anticancer activity in in vivo tests."	( Curcumin polymers as anticancer conjugates. Murdoch, WJ; Murphy, CJ; Radosz, M; Shen, Y; Tang, H; Van Kirk, EA; Zhang, B, 2010)	3.25
" Although phase I clinical trials have shown curcumin as a safe drug even at high doses, poor bioavailability and suboptimal pharmacokinetics largely moderated its anti-cancer activity in pre-clinical and clinical models."	( Fabrication of curcumin encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles for improved therapeutic effects in metastatic cancer cells. Chauhan, SC; Gupta, BK; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2010)	0.97
" We have engineered a polymeric nanoparticle encapsulated curcumin formulation (NanoCurc) that shows remarkably higher systemic bioavailability in plasma and tissues compared with free curcumin upon parenteral administration."	( Systemic administration of polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin (NanoCurc) blocks tumor growth and metastases in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. Bisht, S; Chenna, V; Feldmann, G; Goggins, MG; Hong, SM; Karikari, C; Maitra, A; Mizuma, M; Ottenhof, NA; Pramanik, D; Ravi, R; Rudek, MA; Sharma, R, 2010)	0.84
"Photodegradation and low bioavailability are major hurdles for the therapeutic use of curcumin."	( Transferrin mediated solid lipid nanoparticles containing curcumin: enhanced in vitro anticancer activity by induction of apoptosis. Juvonen, RO; Mahadik, KR; Mönkkönen, J; Mulik, RS; Paradkar, AR, 2010)	0.83
" Curcumin exhibits low oral bioavailability in rodents and human."	( Effect of curcumin and Meriva on the lung metastasis of murine mammary gland adenocarcinoma. Barhoumi, R; Dessouki, A; El-Meligy, A; Fetaih, H; Ibrahim, A; Stoica, G, )	1.44
" Different factors contributing to the low bioavailability include low plasma level, tissue distribution, rapid metabolism and elimination from the body."	( Curcumin therapeutic promises and bioavailability in colorectal cancer. Khan, S; Lee, YS; Shehzad, A; Shehzad, O, 2010)	1.8
" Although, curcumin's poor absorption and low systemic bioavailability limits the access of adequate concentrations for pharmacological effects in certain tissues, active levels in the gastrointestinal tract have been found in animal and human pharmacokinetic studies."	( Curcumin in cancer chemoprevention: molecular targets, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and clinical trials. Lee, YS; Shehzad, A; Wahid, F, 2010)	2.19
" In order to improve the oral bioavailability of docetaxel, a component of turmeric, curcumin, which can down-regulate the intestinal P-glycoprotein and CYP3A protein levels, was used for the pre-treatment of rats before the oral administration of docetaxel."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability of docetaxel in rats by four consecutive days of pre-treatment with curcumin. Choi, HG; Kim, DH; Sung, JH; Yan, YD; Yong, CS, 2010)	0.8
"Curcumin has been shown to have high cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines, but its water insolubility and instability make its bioavailability exceedingly low and, thus, it is generally inactive in in vivo anticancer tests."	( Amphiphilic curcumin conjugate-forming nanoparticles as anticancer prodrug and drug carriers: in vitro and in vivo effects. Feng, X; Murdoch, WJ; Murphy, CJ; Shen, Y; Sui, M; Tang, H; Van Kirk, EA; Zhang, B, 2010)	2.18
"Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, but it has not yet been approved as a therapeutic agent because of its low solubility and stability in aqueous solution, and the relatively low bioavailability in vivo."	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	2.06
" Furthermore, its quality and bioavailability in mice were assessed."	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	0.62
" The developed SMEDDS formulation improved the oral bioavailability of curcumin significantly, and the relative oral bioavailability of SMEDDS compared with curcumin suspension was 1213%."	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	0.85
"The SMEDDS can significantly increase curcumin dissolution in vitro and bioavailability in vivo."	( Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system improves curcumin dissolution and bioavailability. Huang, X; Wen, C; Wu, X; Xu, J, 2011)	0.89
" Although no toxicity associated with curcumin (even at very high doses) has been observed, the effects of curcumin in other solid tumors have been modest, primarily due to poor water solubility and poor bioavailability in tissues remote from the gastrointestinal tract."	( Evaluation of curcumin acetates and amino acid conjugates as proteasome inhibitors. Chan, TH; Chen, D; Cui, QC; Dou, QP; Kanwar, J; Mohammad, I; Wan, SB; Yang, H; Zhou, Z, 2010)	0.99
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin (CUR) in oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel (PTX) administered in nanoemulsion to SKOV3 tumor-bearing nu/nu mice."	( Curcumin enhances oral bioavailability and anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel upon administration in nanoemulsion formulation. Amiji, M; Devalapally, H; Ganta, S, 2010)	2.05
" Multifarious novel drug-delivery approaches, including microemulsions, nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microspheres, solid dispersion, polymeric nanoparticles, and self-microemulsifying drug-delivery systems have been used to enhance the bioavailability and tissue-targeting ability of curcumin."	( Conundrum and therapeutic potential of curcumin in drug delivery. Ahuja, A; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Kumar, A, 2010)	0.8
"Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) have been found as potent DNMT1 inhibitors, but they suffer from low oral bioavailability and rapid metabolism in vivo."	( A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantification of curcuminoids in cell medium and mouse plasma. Chan, KK; Chiu, M; Fuchs, JR; Ling, Y; Liu, Z; Schwartz, EB; Vijaya Saradhi, UV; Wang, J, 2010)	2.03
"Curcumin, a molecule with pluripharmacological properties, was loaded into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with a view to improve its oral bioavailability (BA)."	( Exploring solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin. Kakkar, V; Kaur, IP; Singh, S; Singla, D, 2011)	2.04
" We describe the underlying mechanisms, but also focus on possible limitations and how they might be overcome in future clinical use--either by chemically synthesized derivatives or special formulations that improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetics."	( Potential of the dietary antioxidants resveratrol and curcumin in prevention and treatment of hematologic malignancies. Dicato, M; Diederich, M; Jacob, C; Kelkel, M, 2010)	0.61
"02 × 10(-6)cm/s, thus ruling out the role of efflux pathways in poor oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Identification of permeability-related hurdles in oral delivery of curcumin using the Caco-2 cell model. Bansal, AK; Pawar, YB; Wahlang, B, 2011)	0.83
" The development of this new solubilized, stable, and biologically active CUR formulation lays the foundation for future bioavailability improvement."	( A novel solubility-enhanced curcumin formulation showing stability and maintenance of anticancer activity. Hollingsworth, J; Jeansonne, DP; Koh, GY; Liu, Z; Russo, PS; Stout, RW; Vicente, G; Zhang, F, 2011)	0.66
" Future studies should be designed to account for a disease process in which the pathogenic factors may take place for years before disease manifestations take place, the possibly limited bioavailability of polyphenols, and the potential need to provide combinations or modifications of polyphenols."	( Polyphenols: planting the seeds of treatment for the metabolic syndrome. Cherniack, EP, 2011)	0.37
" Although preclinical data support curcumin activity in many sites, the poor bioavailability reported for this agent supports its use in the colorectum."	( Phase IIa clinical trial of curcumin for the prevention of colorectal neoplasia. Benya, RV; Brenner, DE; Carpenter, PM; Carroll, RE; Kakarala, M; McLaren, C; Meyskens, FL; Neuman, M; Rodriguez, L; Turgeon, DK; Vareed, S, 2011)	0.94
" Objective of the present study was to enhance bioavailability of curcumin by its complexation with phosphatidyl choline (PC)."	( Bioavailability enhancement of curcumin by complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Dixit, VK; Gupta, NK, 2011)	0.89
" We have developed a novel synthetic compound-CDF, which showed greater bioavailability in animal tissues such as pancreas, and also induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis, which was mediated by inactivation of NF-κB, COX-2, and VEGF in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells."	( Anti-tumor activity of a novel compound-CDF is mediated by regulating miR-21, miR-200, and PTEN in pancreatic cancer. Aboukameel, A; Ali, S; Banerjee, S; Bao, B; Kong, D; Padhye, S; Philip, PA; Sarkar, FH; Sarkar, SH; Wang, Z, 2011)	0.37
" The above results indicated that C(max), T(max), AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞), and MRT in RCO-βCD group were significantly different from RCO-PD group, and the relative bioavailability of RCO-βCD group is significantly higher while compared to RCO-PD group (F=156%, with its 90% confidence interval of 145-169%)."	( Pharmacokinetic study of rhizoma Curcumae oil and rhizoma Curcumae oil-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in pigs after oral administration. Dongping, Z; Gang, W; Haiyan, Z; Yong-Xue, S; Yongjin, L; Zhichang, L, 2012)	0.38
" Low bioavailability of curcumin has slowed its transition to clinical trials."	( Curcumin inhibits skin squamous cell carcinoma tumor growth in vivo. Abreo, F; Clark, C; Clifford, JL; Gill, JR; Herman-Ferdinandez, L; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CO; Phillips, JM; Rong, X, 2011)	2.12
" Compared with the control group (given etoposide alone), curcumin (2 or 8 mg/kg) increased significantly the oral bioavailability (AUC and C(max) ) of etoposide."	( Effects of oral curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral etoposide in rats: possible role of intestinal CYP3A and P-gp inhibition by curcumin. Choi, JS; Ki, SH; Lee, CK, 2011)	0.96
" These findings demonstrate that THERACURMIN shows a much higher bioavailability than currently available preparations."	( Innovative preparation of curcumin for improved oral bioavailability. Fujita, M; Fukuda, H; Hasegawa, K; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Morimoto, T; Sasaki, H; Sunagawa, Y; Takahashi, K; Wada, H, 2011)	0.67
" Their introduction into the clinical setting is hindered largely by their poor solubility, rapid metabolism, or a combination of both, ultimately resulting in poor bioavailability upon oral administration."	( Advanced drug delivery systems of curcumin for cancer chemoprevention. Aqil, F; Bansal, SS; Goel, M; Gupta, RC; Vadhanam, MV, 2011)	0.65
" Its lack of water solubility and relatively low bioavailability set major limitations for its therapeutic use."	( Encapsulation of curcumin in self-assembling peptide hydrogels as injectable drug delivery vehicles. Altunbas, A; Lee, SJ; Pochan, DJ; Rajasekaran, SA; Schneider, JP, 2011)	0.71
" However, poor bioavailability has limited its efficacy in clinical trials, and plasma curcumin levels remain low despite patients taking gram doses of curcumin."	( Dose-escalation and pharmacokinetic study of nanoparticle curcumin, a potential anticancer agent with improved bioavailability, in healthy human volunteers. Chiba, T; Hashiguchi, M; Imaizumi, A; Ishiguro, H; Kanai, M; Matsumoto, S; Otsuka, Y; Sasaki, H; Tsujiko, K, 2012)	0.85
" To the best of our knowledge, THERACURMIN is the first nanoparticle formulation of curcumin that demonstrates improved bioavailability in human subjects."	( Dose-escalation and pharmacokinetic study of nanoparticle curcumin, a potential anticancer agent with improved bioavailability, in healthy human volunteers. Chiba, T; Hashiguchi, M; Imaizumi, A; Ishiguro, H; Kanai, M; Matsumoto, S; Otsuka, Y; Sasaki, H; Tsujiko, K, 2012)	0.85
" However, poor bioavailability greatly limits its application in clinic."	( A novel synthetic mono-carbonyl analogue of curcumin, A13, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in vivo by inhibition of inflammatory mediators. Feng, Z; Huang, Y; Li, X; Liang, G; Pan, Y; Wang, Y; Yang, S; Yang, X; Yu, C, 2012)	0.64
" However, limited bioavailability of curcumin prevents its clinical application."	( Synthesis of 86 species of 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienes analogs of curcumin can yield a good lead in vivo. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kudo, C; Nanjo, H; Ohori, H; Sato, A; Shibata, H; Yamakoshi, H, 2011)	0.88
"The 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadiene analogs can yield good lead compounds for cancer chemotherapy, to overcome low bioavailability of curcumin."	( Synthesis of 86 species of 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienes analogs of curcumin can yield a good lead in vivo. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kudo, C; Nanjo, H; Ohori, H; Sato, A; Shibata, H; Yamakoshi, H, 2011)	0.81
"Curcumin has been shown to have anti malarial activity, but poor bioavailability and chemical instability has hindered its development as a drug."	( Oral delivery of curcumin bound to chitosan nanoparticles cured Plasmodium yoelii infected mice. Akhtar, F; Kar, SK; Rizvi, MM, )	1.91
" To circumvent the suboptimal bioavailability of free curcumin, we have developed a polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin (NanoCurc™) that overcomes this major pitfall of the free compound."	( A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin (NanoCurc™) ameliorates CCl4-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis through reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stellate cell activation. Anders, RA; Bai, H; Bekhit, M; Bisht, S; Cornish, T; Khan, MA; Lahiri, D; Maitra, A; Mizuma, M; Ray, B; Rudek, MA; Zhao, M, 2011)	0.89
" Further, DiMC could find application as an alternative to curcumin, which is currently used in several clinical studies, due to its superior bioavailability and comparable efficacy."	( Dimethoxycurcumin, a metabolically stable analogue of curcumin, exhibits anti-inflammatory activities in murine and human lymphocytes. Checker, R; Kohli, V; Patwardhan, RS; Priyadarsini, KI; Sandur, SK; Sharma, D, 2011)	1.03
" However, to achieve a satisfactory bioavailability and stability of this compound, its liposomal form is preferable."	( Interaction of curcumin with lipid monolayers and liposomal bilayers. Bielska, D; Gzyl-Malcher, B; Karewicz, A; Kepczynski, M; Lach, R; Nowakowska, M, 2011)	0.72
"The overall goal of this paper was to develop poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) of curcumin (CUR), named CUR-PLGA-NPs, and to study the effect and mechanisms enhancing the oral bioavailability of CUR."	( PLGA nanoparticles improve the oral bioavailability of curcumin in rats: characterizations and mechanisms. Guo, M; Tao, Q; Wang, H; Wang, Y; Xie, X; Yu, S; Zhang, F; Zhou, Q; Zou, Y, 2011)	0.83
" It appeared that co-existing curcuminoids improved the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in mice tumor after intragastric administration of nanoparticle formulations by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Guo, D; He, R; Li, Q; Li, R; Lin, X; Qiao, X; Xiang, C; Ye, M, 2011)	0.92
" Use of nanoparticle formulations to enhance curcumin bioavailability is an emerging area of research."	( Curcumin-loaded apotransferrin nanoparticles provide efficient cellular uptake and effectively inhibit HIV-1 replication in vitro. Chaitanya, RK; Gandapu, U; Kishore, G; Kondapi, AK; Reddy, RC, 2011)	2.07
" However, the therapeutic potential of curcumin in terms of reversing the neuronal damage once induced is limited due to its compromised bioavailability (BA)."	( Evaluating potential of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in aluminium induced behavioural, biochemical and histopathological alterations in mice brain. Kakkar, V; Kaur, IP, 2011)	0.95
" However, suboptimal pharmacokinetics and poor bioavailability limit its effective use in cancer therapeutics."	( Design of curcumin loaded cellulose nanoparticles for prostate cancer. Chauhan, SC; Dobberpuhl, MR; Jaggi, M; Maher, DM; Yallapu, MM, 2012)	0.78
" With the increase in knowledge of its functional groups, production of analogues of curcumin is underway to enhance its bioavailability and hence its therapeutic potency."	( Multifaceted roles of curcumin: two sides of a coin! Chakravortty, D; Dasgupta, I; Gnanadhas, DP; Marathe, SA, 2011)	0.91
" We also summarize the challenges to developing curcumin delivery platforms and up-to-date solutions for improving curcumin bioavailability and anticancer potential for therapy."	( Curcumin nanoformulations: a future nanomedicine for cancer. Chauhan, SC; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2012)	2.08
" Its poor oral bioavailability poses significant pharmacological barriers to its clinical application."	( Enhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice. Chan, KK; Chen, W; Chiu, M; Fan-Havard, P; Wang, J; Yee, LD; Yen, W; Zhongfa, L, 2012)	0.73
" However, the drug shows low anticancer activity in vivo because of its reduced systemic bioavailability acquired from its poor aqueous solubility and instability."	( Enhanced drug loading on magnetic nanoparticles by layer-by-layer assembly using drug conjugates: blood compatibility evaluation and targeted drug delivery in cancer cells. Manju, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2011)	0.37
"1 %) from citrus extract or with highly bioavailable curcumin from Curcuma longa extract (0."	( Effect of citrus polyphenol- and curcumin-supplemented diet on inflammatory state in obese cats. Freuchet, B; Jeusette, I; Le Bloc'h, J; Leray, V; Nguyen, P; Torre, C, 2011)	0.9
"The aims of this study were to design the formulation of curcumin (CUR) liposomes coated with N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) and to evaluate in vitro release characteristics and in vivo pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of TMC-coated CUR liposomes in rats."	( N-trimethyl chitosan chloride-coated liposomes for the oral delivery of curcumin. Cao, F; Chen, H; Guo, C; Sun, M; Tan, Q; Wu, J; Yu, A; Zhai, G; Zhao, L, 2012)	0.86
" The dietary polyphenol curcumin has been shown to exert anti-cancer activity in several cancer cell lines, but the effects of curcumin in solid tumors have been modest primarily due to poor water solubility and poor bioavailability in tissues remote from the gastrointestinal tract."	( Sensitizing human multiple myeloma cells to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib by novel curcumin analogs. Chan, TH; Dou, QP; Kanwar, J; Mujtaba, T; Wan, SB, 2012)	0.9
" In vivo studies showed compound (5) substantially increased bioavailability by combining several promising structural modifications."	( Evaluation in vitro of synthetic curcumins as agents promoting monocytic gene expression related to β-amyloid clearance. Abel, KJ; Cashman, JR; Gagliardi, S; Gardai, SJ; Ghirmai, S; Lanier, M; Lee, C, 2012)	0.66
" Pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its poor systemic bioavailability suggest that it targets preferentially intestinal epithelial cells."	( Curcumin inhibits interferon-γ signaling in colonic epithelial cells. Ghishan, FK; Kiela, PR; Larmonier, CB; Laubitz, D; Midura-Kiela, MT; Radhakrishnan, VM, 2012)	2.14
" However, its poor oral bioavailability is a major hindrance toward its pharmacological action."	( Liposomal formulation of curcumin attenuates seizures in different experimental models of epilepsy in mice. Agarwal, NB; Agarwal, NK; Jain, S; Mediratta, PK; Nagpal, D; Sharma, KK, 2013)	0.69
" However, its insolubility in water and poor bioavailability have limited clinical trials and its therapeutic applications."	( Challenges associated with curcumin therapy in Alzheimer disease. Belkacemi, A; Dao, L; Doggui, S; Ramassamy, C, 2011)	0.67
"These results indicate that the water-soluble curcumin derivative displays superior bioavailability to the parent curcumin, which can effectively improve the lipid metabolism and delay the progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats with steatohepatitis."	( [The effects of curcumin derivative on experimental steatohepatitis]. Deng, YH; Liu, Q; Peng, ML; Ren, H; Shen, N; Zeng, CH; Zeng, P, 2011)	0.97
" Clinical applications of this natural compound were initially limited by its low solubility and bioavailability in both plasma and tissues but combination with adjuvant and delivery vehicles was reported to largely improve bio-availability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-the paradigm of a multi-target natural compound with applications in cancer prevention and treatment. Dicato, M; Diederich, M; Eifes, S; Teiten, MH, 2010)	1.99
" Curcumin can regulate these molecules, but its low bioavailability prevents its clinical application."	( Novel curcumin analogs, GO-Y030 and GO-Y078, are multi-targeted agents with enhanced abilities for multiple myeloma. Ishioka, C; Iwabuchi, Y; Kudo, C; Ohori, H; Sato, A; Shibata, H; Yamakoshi, H, 2011)	1.76
" However, bioavailability is limited and efficacious doses have not yet been determined."	( Curcumin: the potential for efficacy in gastrointestinal diseases. Berry, DP; Brown, K; Irving, GR; Karmokar, A; Steward, WP, 2011)	1.81
" Therefore, we based the main aim of this study on improving the bioavailability of curcumin taking advantage of dendrosome nanoparticles; and subsequently evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor properties of dendrosomal curcumin."	( Dendrosomal curcumin significantly suppresses cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Babaei, E; Feizi, MA; Hashemi, SM; Hassan, ZM; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M, 2012)	0.98
" The aim of this study was to develop a sustained-release solid dispersion by employing water-insoluble carrier cellulose acetate for solubility enhancement, release control, and oral bioavailability improvement of Cur."	( Improved bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drug curcumin in cellulose acetate solid dispersion. Qi, X; Sun, Y; Tan, F; Wan, S, 2012)	0.63
" Its most well-studied component, curcumin, has been shown to exhibit poor bioavailability in animal studies and clinical trials."	( The role of turmerones on curcumin transportation and P-glycoprotein activities in intestinal Caco-2 cells. Cassileth, BR; Cheng, SW; Deng, G; Fung, KP; Hon, PM; Kennelly, EJ; Lau, CB; Lee, JK; Lee, MY; Leung, PC; Xu, ZS; Yeung, SK; Yu, H; Yue, GG, 2012)	0.96
"Curcumin (Cur) shows low anticancer activity in vivo due to its reduced systemic bioavailability stemmed from its poor aqueous solubility and instability."	( Gold nanoparticles generated and stabilized by water soluble curcumin-polymer conjugate: blood compatibility evaluation and targeted drug delivery onto cancer cells. Manju, S; Sreenivasan, K, 2012)	2.06
" Thus, the enhanced bioavailability of oral docetaxel by curcumin SEDDS seemed to be likely due to an inhibition function of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestines of the rats."	( Effect of dose and dosage interval on the oral bioavailability of docetaxel in combination with a curcumin self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS). Choi, HG; Choi, YK; Kim, JO; Marasini, N; Woo, JS; Yan, YD; Yong, CS, 2012)	0.84
" Pharmacokinetic study of the solid dispersion formulation in rat showed that bioavailability of the drug was significantly improved as compared to pure curcumin."	( Preparation and pharmacokinetic evaluation of curcumin solid dispersion using Solutol® HS15 as a carrier. Choi, HK; Chun, MK; Han, HK; Seo, SW, 2012)	0.84
" However, the clinical potential of curcumins remains limited due to their relatively poor bioavailability and no experimental data about their lipophilicity for bioavailability prediction."	( Quantitative structure-retention relationship of curcumin and its analogues. Bu, X; Hu, X; Li, Z; Liu, M; Luo, HB; Shao, YX; Zheng, XH, 2012)	0.91
"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)/ABCG2, limits oral bioavailability of sulphasalazine."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction study of sulphasalazine in healthy subjects and the impact of curcumin as an in vivo inhibitor of BCRP. Fujita, T; Fukizawa, S; Furuie, H; Ieiri, I; Inano, A; Kusuhara, H; Maeda, K; Mayahara, H; Morimoto, N; Morishita, M; Sugiyama, Y; Sumita, K; Sunagawa, A; Wu, C; Yamada, S, 2012)	0.6
" Curcumin, a plant-derived polyphenolic compound, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties, but its poor solubility and limited oral bioavailability reduce its therapeutic potential."	( Pulmonary administration of a water-soluble curcumin complex reduces severity of acute lung injury. Georges, GE; Min, KA; Parkkinen, J; Reddy, AT; Reddy, RC; Risler, L; Rosania, GR; Shen, DD; Stringer, KA; Suresh, MV; Wagner, MC, 2012)	1.55
" Its activity was tested against multiple cancer cell lines, and in vivo bioavailability was checked."	( Inclusion complex of novel curcumin analogue CDF and β-cyclodextrin (1:2) and its enhanced in vivo anticancer activity against pancreatic cancer. Ahmad, A; Banerjee, S; Dandawate, PR; Deshpande, J; Dumhe-Klaire, AC; Jamadar, A; Padhye, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV; Vyas, A, 2012)	0.68
" Synthesis of such CDF-β-cyclodextrin self-assembly is an effective strategy to enhance its bioavailability and tissue distribution, warranting further evaluation for CDF delivery in clinical settings for treatment of human malignancies."	( Inclusion complex of novel curcumin analogue CDF and β-cyclodextrin (1:2) and its enhanced in vivo anticancer activity against pancreatic cancer. Ahmad, A; Banerjee, S; Dandawate, PR; Deshpande, J; Dumhe-Klaire, AC; Jamadar, A; Padhye, S; Sarkar, FH; Swamy, KV; Vyas, A, 2012)	0.68
" A self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (CRM SNEDDS) consisting of Labrasol, Gelucire 44/14, Vitamin E TPGS and PEG 400 was designed and provided 16 times improvement in oral bioavailability in rats, at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight."	( Contribution of formulation and excipients towards enhanced permeation of curcumin. Bansal, AK; Kabra, D; Pawar, YB; Tikoo, K; Wahlang, B, 2012)	0.61
" However, most anticancer and antioxidative agents are hydrophobic, reducing their bioavailability in vivo and making them problematic to deliver."	( In vitro suppression of oral squamous cell carcinoma growth by ultrasound-mediated delivery of curcumin microemulsions. Chen, HW; Lee, MH; Lin, HY; Shen, CM; Thomas, JL; Yang, WJ, 2012)	0.6
"Human bioavailability of curcumin from breads enriched with 1 g/portion of free curcumin (FCB), encapsulated curcumin (ECB), or encapsulated curcumin plus other polyphenols (ECBB) was evaluated."	( Curcumin bioavailability from enriched bread: the effect of microencapsulated ingredients. Barone Lumaga, R; Ferracane, R; Fogliano, V; Koder, S; Mennella, I; Radetsky, I; Schettino, R; Shimoni, E; Vitaglione, P, 2012)	2.13
"The nanoscale formulation of amorphous drugs represents a highly viable supersaturating drug-delivery system for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs."	( Green amorphous nanoplex as a new supersaturating drug delivery system. Cheow, WS; Hadinoto, K, 2012)	0.38
" The attenuated hepatoprotection afforded by curcumin may be attributed to its low bioavailability in vivo."	( Prooxidant-induced glutathione antioxidant response in vitro and in vivo: a comparative study between schisandrin B and curcumin. Chiu, PY; Ko, KM; Leong, PK, 2012)	0.85
" However, the greatest challenge in the administration of curcumin stems from its low bioavailability and high rate of metabolism."	( Antiglioma activity of curcumin-loaded lipid nanoparticles and its enhanced bioavailability in brain tissue for effective glioblastoma therapy. Kundu, P; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	0.93
" Aim of the present study was to formulate CUR loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-CUR) in order to improve the bioavailability and stability of this compound after systemic administration with increased effects in the central nervous system (CNS)."	( Curcumin loaded NLC induces histone hypoacetylation in the CNS after intraperitoneal administration in mice. Bonina, F; Chiechio, S; Frasca, G; Musumeci, T; Puglia, C; Puglisi, G; Rizza, L, 2012)	1.82
" Its low oral bioavailability limits its application in functional foods."	( Improving the oral bioavailability of curcumin using novel organogel-based nanoemulsions. Huang, Q; Yu, H, 2012)	0.65
"The effects of curcumin, a natural anti-cancer compound, on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, were investigated in rats."	( Effects of curcumin on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its active metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, in rats: possible role of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein inhibition by curcumin. Cho, YA; Choi, JS; Lee, W, 2012)	1.12
" Although curcumin has been shown to be safe at doses of 8 g/d in both phase I and phase II clinical trials, its bioavailability is poor."	( Anti-cancer effects of curcumin on head and neck cancers. Chan, JY; Gao, W; Wei, WI; Wong, TS, 2012)	1.09
"A new microemulsions system of curcumin (CUR-MEs) was successfully developed to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Preparation and enhancement of oral bioavailability of curcumin using microemulsions vehicle. Hu, L; Jia, Y; Jia, Z; Jiao, K; Niu, F; Yang, X, 2012)	0.91
"Amorphous form has been used as a means to improve aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs."	( Phase behavior and oral bioavailability of amorphous Curcumin. Bansal, AK; Pawar, YB; Popat, D; Shete, G, 2012)	0.63
" The bioavailability and safety of curcumin, the development of semi-synthetic curcuminoids as well as novel formulations of curcumin are addressed."	( Curcumin and neurodegenerative diseases: a perspective. Bishayee, A; Carroll, RT; Darvesh, AS; Geldenhuys, WJ; Novotny, NA; Van der Schyf, CJ, 2012)	2.1
" However, issues such as limited bioavailability and a paucity of clinical studies examining its therapeutic effectiveness in illnesses such as AD and PD currently limit its therapeutic outreach."	( Curcumin and neurodegenerative diseases: a perspective. Bishayee, A; Carroll, RT; Darvesh, AS; Geldenhuys, WJ; Novotny, NA; Van der Schyf, CJ, 2012)	1.82
" These results were discussed considering that curcumin may not be well absorbed and it did not reach a level high enough in vivo to overcome the severe hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress produced by the PC-rich diet."	( Effect of curcumin on LDL oxidation in vitro, and lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in cholesterol fed rabbits. Kummerow, FA; Mahfouz, MM; Zhou, Q, 2011)	1.03
" However, the clinical advancement of curcumin is limited by its poor water solubility and low bioavailability after oral administration."	( A systemic administration of liposomal curcumin inhibits radiation pneumonitis and sensitizes lung carcinoma to radiation. Cai, LL; Chen, LJ; Chen, XC; Gao, X; Li, D; Li, ZY; Rui, A; Shi, HS; Wang, YS; Zhang, QW; Zheng, H; Zheng, Y; Zhong, RM, 2012)	0.92
" The demonstration and optimization of curcumin's activities in the clinical setting, however, have been compromised by its poor bioavailability and the lack of analytic methods to monitor its absorption."	( A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantification of curcumin-O-glucuronide and curcumin in human plasma. Cao, Y; Chan, KK; Chen, W; Fan-Havard, P; Liu, Z; Stoner, GD; Yee, LD, 2012)	0.88
"Curcumin is a potential natural anticancer drug with limited bioavailability due to the lack of solubility in aqueous solvents."	( Chemoprevention of azoxymethane-initiated colon cancer in rat by using a novel polymeric nanocarrier--curcumin. Alizadeh, AM; Azizian, S; Khaniki, M; Mohaghgheghi, MA; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M, 2012)	2.04
" A bulk of patents discloses methods to improve bioavailability of curcuminoids for therapeutic development."	( Curcuminoids in neurodegenerative diseases. Han, Y; Kim, DS; Kim, JY, 2012)	2.06
"Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles have been used to increase the relative oral bioavailability of hydrophobic compounds and polyphenols in recent years, but the effects of the molecular weight of PLGA on bioavailability are still unknown."	( Effects of polymer molecular weight on relative oral bioavailability of curcumin. Chang-Liao, WL; Chien, CF; Lin, LC; Tsai, TH; Tsai, YM, 2012)	0.61
" Curcumin alone and in the nanoformulations was administered orally to freely mobile rats, and blood samples were collected to evaluate the bioavailability of curcumin, LMw-NPC, and HMw-NPC."	( Effects of polymer molecular weight on relative oral bioavailability of curcumin. Chang-Liao, WL; Chien, CF; Lin, LC; Tsai, TH; Tsai, YM, 2012)	1.52
"Our findings demonstrate that different molecular weights of PLGA have varying bioavailability, contributing to changes in the absorption rate at the duodenum."	( Effects of polymer molecular weight on relative oral bioavailability of curcumin. Chang-Liao, WL; Chien, CF; Lin, LC; Tsai, TH; Tsai, YM, 2012)	0.61
" Future work will be required to determine whether α-mangostin may cross the blood-brain barrier and achieve enough bioavailability to elicit a protective response in the brain being an effective nutraceutical compound for preventive therapy of neurodegenerative diseases."	( Neuroprotective effect of α-mangostin and curcumin against iodoacetate-induced cell death. González-Reyes, S; Hernández-Nava, M; Orozco-Ibarra, M; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Reyes-Fermín, LM; Tarco-Álvarez, NG, 2012)	0.64
" Building upon our recently developed polymer nanoparticle of curcumin (NanoCurc or NC) that significantly enhances the systemic bioavailability of curcumin, we synthesized a doxorubicin-curcumin composite nanoparticle formulation called NanoDoxCurc (NDC) for overcoming DOX resistance."	( A composite polymer nanoparticle overcomes multidrug resistance and ameliorates doxorubicin-associated cardiomyopathy. Bedja, D; Bisht, S; Campbell, NR; Chenna, V; Das, S; Gabrielson, KL; Gupta, S; Karikari, C; Maitra, A; Pramanik, D; Steenbergen, C; Sysa-Shah, P, 2012)	0.62
"Poor oral bioavailability limits the use of many chemopreventives in the prevention and treatment of cancer."	( Multi-layer polymeric implants for sustained release of chemopreventives. Aqil, F; Bansal, SS; Gupta, RC; Jeyabalan, J; Kausar, H; Sharma, RJ; Singh, IP; Vadhanam, MV, 2012)	0.38
"The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of microparticles for dissolution enhancement and oral bioavailability of curcumin (Cur)."	( Chitosan microparticles for oral bioavailability improvement of the hydrophobic drug curcumin. Sun, L; Sun, Y; Tan, F; Wan, S, 2012)	0.81
" Oral bioavailability of optimized LBOF (O-LBOF) was evaluated in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at a dose of 250 mg/kg."	( Novel lipid based oral formulation of curcumin: development and optimization by design of experiments approach. Bansal, AK; Lale, SV; Munjal, B; Patel, SB; Pawar, YB; Purohit, H; Valicherla, GR, 2012)	0.65
" However, the clinical application of CUR is severely limited by its main drawbacks such as instability, low solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Advances in nanotechnology-based delivery systems for curcumin. Ding, B; He, X; Liu, X; Lou, H; Su, X; Sun, M; Yu, A; Zhai, G, 2012)	0.63
" The plasma concentration-time curves were both fitted to a one-compartment model and the relative bioavailability of CUR-NS to CUR suspension was 680."	( In vivo evaluation of curcumin loaded nanosuspensions by oral administration. Gao, Y; Li, A; Sun, M; Wang, C; Wang, X; Yu, A; Zhai, G, 2012)	0.69
"Curcumin has shown considerable pharmacological activity, including anti-inflammatory, but its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolization have limited its application."	( Enhanced bioavailability and efficiency of curcumin for the treatment of asthma by its formulation in solid lipid nanoparticles. Chen, Y; Cui, D; Li, A; Li, K; Liu, H; Wang, S; Wang, W; Xiao, Y; Xie, Q; Zhu, R, 2012)	2.08
"To improve its bioavailability and water solubility, we synthesized two series of poly (ε-Caprolactone)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-Caprolactone) triblock copolymers by ring-opening polymerization of poly (ethylene glycol) and ε-Caprolactone, with stannous 2-ethylhexanoate as the catalyst."	( Preparation and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymeric nanoparticles. Feng, R; Song, Z; Zhai, G, 2012)	0.64
" However, low bioavailability and photodegradation of curcumin hampers its overall therapeutic efficacy."	( ApoE3 mediated polymeric nanoparticles containing curcumin: apoptosis induced in vitro anticancer activity against neuroblastoma cells. Juvonen, RO; Mahadik, KR; Mönkkönen, J; Mulik, RS; Paradkar, AR, 2012)	0.88
" However, poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin is a major challenge in its development as a useful drug."	( Novel dipeptide nanoparticles for effective curcumin delivery. Alam, S; Chauhan, VS; Panda, JJ, 2012)	0.88
"Owing to poor curcumin solubility, we have used cyclodextrins (CD) as an excipient allowing a considerable increase of aqueous solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-cyclodextrin complexes potentiate gemcitabine effects in an orthotopic mouse model of lung cancer. Bekaert, S; Cataldo, D; Chiap, P; Coia, I; Evrard, B; Foidart, JM; Gueders, M; Noel, A; Paulissen, G; Rocks, N; Van Heugen, JC, 2012)	2.18
"The results of this study clearly show that the systemic bioavailability of CUR from the intestine after oral intake must be expected to be virtually zero."	( Metabolism and permeability of curcumin in cultured Caco-2 cells. Dempe, JS; Metzler, M; Pfeiffer, E; Scheerle, RK, 2013)	0.68
" The pharmacokinetics results showed that the absolute bioavailability of curcumin in the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system was 55."	( Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling systems for intranasal administration of curcumin. Chen, P; Wang, S; Yang, C; Zhai, G; Zhang, L, 2012)	0.82
" This improved the bioavailability of curcumin, a potent natural anticancer drug, making it suitable for cancer therapy."	( Scale up, optimization and stability analysis of Curcumin C3 complex-loaded nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Helson, L; Mukerjee, A; Ranjan, AP; Vishwanatha, JK, 2012)	0.9
" To mitigate the above limitations, recently various nanostructured water-soluble delivery systems were developed to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Emerging role of nanocarriers to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. Das, M; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	0.8
"Major reasons contributing to the low bioavailability of curcumin appear to be owing to its poor solubility, low absorption, rapid metabolism and rapid systemic elimination."	( Emerging role of nanocarriers to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. Das, M; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	0.85
"The development of various drug delivery systems to deliver curcumin will certainly provide a step up towards augmenting the therapeutic activity of curcumin thereby increasing the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Emerging role of nanocarriers to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. Das, M; Mohanty, C; Sahoo, SK, 2012)	0.85
" To date, human intervention studies have focused mainly on people with existing health problems given high doses of poorly absorbed curcumin."	( Diverse effects of a low dose supplement of lipidated curcumin in healthy middle aged people. Bomser, J; DiSilvestro, RA; Joseph, E; Zhao, S, 2012)	0.83
" Recent advancement in bioavailability enhancement of drugs by compounds of herbal origin has produced a revolutionary shift in the way of therapeutics."	( A comprehensive review on pharmacotherapeutics of herbal bioenhancers. Awale, MM; Chauhan, BN; Dudhatra, GB; Kamani, DR; Kumar, A; Modi, CM; Mody, SK; Patel, HB, 2012)	0.38
" However, poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability limit its clinical utility."	( In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of nanostructured lipid curcumin carriers for intragastric administration. Bao, W; Fang, M; Gao, H; Jin, Y; Liu, L; Wang, D; Wang, X; Xu, M; Yao, P, 2012)	0.61
"The nanostructured lipid carrier formulation significantly improved the oral bioavailability of curcumin and represents a promising method for its oral delivery."	( In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of nanostructured lipid curcumin carriers for intragastric administration. Bao, W; Fang, M; Gao, H; Jin, Y; Liu, L; Wang, D; Wang, X; Xu, M; Yao, P, 2012)	0.83
" The results clearly suggest that piperine enhanced the bioavailability of curcumin and potentiated its protective effects against CUS induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative damage in mice."	( Piperine potentiates the protective effects of curcumin against chronic unpredictable stress-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in mice. Kumar, A; Rinwa, P, 2012)	0.87
" However, various basic and clinical studies elucidate curcumin's limited efficacy due to its low solubility, high rate of metabolism, poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics."	( Curcumin nanomedicine: a road to cancer therapeutics. Chauhan, SC; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2013)	2.08
" However, curcumin has a low systemic bioavailability, so it is imperative to improve the bioavailability of curcumin in its clinical application."	( The clinical applications of curcumin: current state and the future. Fan, X; Liang, HP; Liu, DB; Yan, J; Zhang, C, 2013)	1.08
" The compound has, therefore, been formulated and administered using different drug delivery systems such as liposomes, micelles, polysaccharides, phospholipid complexes and nanoparticles that can overcome the limitation of bioavailability to some extent."	( Perspectives on new synthetic curcumin analogs and their potential anticancer properties. Ahmad, A; Dandawate, P; Padhye, S; Sarkar, F; Vyas, A, 2013)	0.68
" There are two critical issues involving low aqueous stability and solubility that limit the bioavailability and application of curcumin as a therapeutic agent."	( Delivery of curcumin and medicinal effects of the copper(II)-curcumin complexes. Harada, T; Kee, TW; Leung, MH, 2013)	0.97
" However, phase I/II clinical trials have shown that curcumin exhibit poor bioavailability in humans."	( Promising curcumin-based drug design: mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin (MACs). Liang, G; Liu, Z; Zhao, C, 2013)	1.04
" We recently reported on a 32-155 times enhancement in bioavailability of curcumin when incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles (C-SLNs)."	( Enhanced apoptotic effect of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Pal, KI; Santosh, KG; Shashi, B; Vandita, K, 2012)	0.9
" 94±2%), nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and protein expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were lower in O (all P<0."	( Curcumin ameliorates arterial dysfunction and oxidative stress with aging. Fleenor, BS; Howell, KL; Marvi, NK; Seals, DR; Sindler, AL; Yoshizawa, M; Zigler, ML, 2013)	1.83
" These curcumin solubility studies have great application in biological research with reference to bioavailability and to understand target oriented mode of action of curcumin."	( Temperature-dependent spectroscopic evidences of curcumin in aqueous medium: a mechanistic study of its solubility and stability. Abraham, PM; Jagannathan, R; Poddar, P, 2012)	1.09
" The latest nanoparticle technology can help to improve the bioavailability of curcumin, which is affected by the final particle size and stability."	( Highly stabilized curcumin nanoparticles tested in an in vitro blood-brain barrier model and in Alzheimer's disease Tg2576 mice. Baum, L; Cheng, KK; Chow, AH; Chow, SF; Ho, SW; Yeung, CF, 2013)	0.95
" We systematically investigated the physical properties, drug release behavior, pharmacodynamics, and bioavailability of CUR-SLs."	( Silica-coated flexible liposomes as a nanohybrid delivery system for enhanced oral bioavailability of curcumin. Chen, Z; Feng, L; Li, C; Long, Y; Su, T; Zhang, Y, 2012)	0.59
"Curcumin exhibits growth-suppressive activity against a variety of cancer cells, but low bioavailability prevents its use in chemotherapeutic applications."	( Antiproliferative effect of an analog of curcumin bis-1,7-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione in human breast cancer cells. Kumaravel, M; Rukkumani, R; Sankar, P, 2012)	2.09
"The supermolecular curcumin (SMCCM) exhibiting remarkably improved solubility and release characteristics was fabricated to increase the oral bioavailability in rat as well as the antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of curcumin (CCM) against human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549."	( A supermolecular curcumin for enhanced antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities: molecular characteristics, computer modeling and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Li, Y; Mei, H; Tan, Q; Wu, J; Zhang, J; Zhao, C, 2013)	1.05
" Nanocurcumin due to its possible chelating property and enhanced bioavailability efficiently removed lead from blood and soft tissues compared to bulk curcumin."	( Preventive efficacy of bulk and nanocurcumin against lead-induced oxidative stress in mice. Flora, G; Gupta, D; Tiwari, A, 2013)	1.18
" We also explored the recent innovations and advances involved in the development of transdermal delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin, particularly in the skin."	( Skin regenerative potentials of curcumin. Maheshwari, RK; Sharad, S; Thangapazham, RL, )	0.61
" The self-microemulsifying floating tablet could provide a dosage form with the potential to improve the oral bioavailability of THC and other hydrophobic compounds."	( Development, characterization and permeability assessment based on caco-2 monolayers of self-microemulsifying floating tablets of tetrahydrocurcumin. Ketjinda, W; Sermkaew, N; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Wiwattanawongsa, K, 2013)	0.59
" In this study we formulated and characterized self nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) curcumin formulation to enhance its bioavailability and then evaluated its efficacy in experimental diabetic neuropathy."	( SNEDDS curcumin formulation leads to enhanced protection from pain and functional deficits associated with diabetic neuropathy: an insight into its mechanism for neuroprotection. Bansal, AK; Joshi, RP; Kumar, A; Munjal, B; Negi, G; Pawar, YB; Sharma, SS, 2013)	1.06
"In this study the authors formulated and characterized a self-emulsifying drug delivery system for formulation to enhance curcumin bioavailability in experimental diabetic neuropathy."	( SNEDDS curcumin formulation leads to enhanced protection from pain and functional deficits associated with diabetic neuropathy: an insight into its mechanism for neuroprotection. Bansal, AK; Joshi, RP; Kumar, A; Munjal, B; Negi, G; Pawar, YB; Sharma, SS, 2013)	1.05
"Curcumin ((1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) is an active component of turmeric; it is responsible for its characteristic yellow color and therapeutic potential, but its poor bioavailability remains a major challenge."	( In situ synthesis and surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles with curcumin and their antioxidant properties: an experimental and density functional theory investigation. Abraham, PM; Jagannathan, R; Khandelwal, P; Poddar, P; Singh, DK, 2013)	2.06
" PLGA nanoparticles proved to be completely safe, suggesting a potential utilization of this nanocomplex to improve the intrinsically poor bioavailability of curcumin for the treatment of severe malignant breast cancer."	( Intracellular drug release from curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles induces G2/M block in breast cancer cells. Bonetti, P; Colombo, M; Pandolfi, L; Prosperi, D; Verderio, P, 2013)	0.87
"To increase the oral bioavailability of curcumin and genistein, we fabricated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and the impact of these carriers on bioaccessibility of curcumin and genistein was studied."	( Curcumin and genistein coloaded nanostructured lipid carriers: in vitro digestion and antiprostate cancer activity. Aditya, NP; Im, MH; Ko, S; Lee, I; Lee, Y; Shim, M, 2013)	2.1
"The aim of this work was to determine the bioavailability of herbs and spices after human consumption by measuring the ability to protect lymphocytes from an oxidative injury and by examining the impact on inflammatory biomarkers in activated THP-1 cells."	( Bioavailability of herbs and spices in humans as determined by ex vivo inflammatory suppression and DNA strand breaks. Meadors, J; Migliaccio, AJ; Montero, C; Nieves, CJ; Percival, SS; Vanden Heuvel, JP, 2012)	0.38
" The pharmacodynamics and bioavailability measurements were sequentially performed."	( [Silica-coated ethosome as a novel oral delivery system for enhanced oral bioavailability of curcumin]. Chen, ZB; Deng, L; Jiang, Y; Li, C; Su, TT; Zhang, Y, 2012)	0.6
"Curcumin in spite of being an effective chemotherapeutic agent against different type of cancer, suffer from the problem of low systemic bioavailability due to low aqueous solubility, extensive intestinal metabolism and first-pass metabolism when administered via the oral route."	( Curcumin loaded nano globules for solubility enhancement: preparation, characterization and ex vivo release study. Ahuja, A; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Kumar, A, 2012)	3.26
" In the current report, we describe an alternative, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is very inexpensive, orally bioavailable and highly safe in humans, yet can block TNF-α action and production in in vitro models, in animal models and in humans."	( Curcumin: an orally bioavailable blocker of TNF and other pro-inflammatory biomarkers. Aggarwal, BB; Gupta, SC; Sung, B, 2013)	2.08
" Unlike vitamins C and E, curcumin is well established as an anti-cataract agent, but the issue of curcumin bioavailability is yet to be addressed."	( Antioxidants and cataract. Manikandan, R; Thiagarajan, R, 2013)	0.69
"Curcuminoid, a dietary polyphenolic compound, has poor water solubility and low bioavailability following oral administration."	( Preparation and oral bioavailability study of curcuminoid-loaded microemulsion. Chen, X; Meng, F; Ping, Q; Xiao, Y; Yang, L; Zhu, X; Zou, L, 2013)	2.09
", exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activity; however, its therapeutic use has been limited because of its low bioavailability following oral administration."	( Curcumin/xanthan-galactomannan hydrogels: rheological analysis and biocompatibility. Bresolin, TM; Da-Lozzo, EJ; Faraco, CD; Moledo, RC; Ortolani-Machado, CF; Silveira, JL, 2013)	1.83
" Finally, we suggest specific recommendations to improve its efficacy and bioavailability for clinical applications."	( New perspectives of curcumin in cancer prevention. Amin, AR; Chen, ZG; Park, W; Shin, DM, 2013)	0.71
" Although dietary intake and knowledge about the potential of curcumin are high in countries like India, studies indicate that the bioavailability problem still persists."	( Challenges of curcumin bioavailability: novel aerosol remedies. Narala, VR; Subramani, PA, 2013)	0.99
" Unfortunately dietary curcumin is poorly absorbed by the digestive system and undergoes glucuronidation and excretion rather than being released into the serum and systemically distributed."	( Targeted delivery of curcumin for treating type 2 diabetes. Maradana, MR; O'Sullivan, BJ; Thomas, R, 2013)	1.02
" We aimed to use our novel delivery system to improve the bioavailability and prolong the retention time of curcumin in the body."	( Development and evaluation of a novel phytosome-loaded chitosan microsphere system for curcumin delivery. Li, N; Tang, Q; Xu, X; Zhang, J, 2013)	0.83
"A growing number of preclinical studies have demonstrated that curcumin could be a promising anticancer drug; however, poor bioavailability has been the major obstacle for its clinical application."	( A phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients. Chiba, T; Hatano, E; Imaizumi, A; Kanai, M; Kawaguchi, M; Kodama, Y; Matsumoto, S; Mori, Y; Murakami, Y; Nishihira, J; Nishimura, T; Otsuka, K; Otsuka, Y; Sato, M; Shibata, H, 2013)	0.85
" The encapsulation of curcumin inside the apoferritin cavity significantly increases its stability and bioavailability while maintaining its therapeutic anti-inflammatory properties."	( Curcumin/Gd loaded apoferritin: a novel "theranostic" agent to prevent hepatocellular damage in toxic induced acute hepatitis. Aime, S; Burghelea, D; Crich, SG; Cutrin, JC; Dastrù, W, 2013)	2.15
"Having achieved a significant bioavailability of curcumin by its incorporation into SLNs (C-SLNs) during pharmacokinetic (32-155 times) and pharmacodynamic (3-4 times) studies, our intent was to proof their targeting to brain."	( Proof of concept studies to confirm the delivery of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (C-SLNs) to brain. Chuttani, K; Kakkar, V; Kaur, IP; Mishra, AK, 2013)	0.89
" Over the past two decades, major pre-clinical and clinical trials have demonstrated its safe therapeutic profile but clinical translation has been hampered due to rapid degradation, poor water solubility, bioavailability and pharmaco-kinetics."	( Plasma proteins interaction with curcumin nanoparticles: implications in cancer therapeutics. Chauhan, SC; Ebeling, MC; Jaggi, M; Yallapu, MM, 2013)	0.67
"To prepare curcumin-piperine (Cu-Pi) nanoparticles by various methods and to study the effect of various manufacturing parameters on Cu-Pi nanoparticles and to identify a suitable method for the preparation of Cu-Pi nanoparticles to overcome oral bioavailability and cancer cell targeting limitations in the treatment of cancer."	( Preparation and characterization of curcumin-piperine dual drug loaded nanoparticles. Kathiresan, K; Krishnan, K; Manavalan, R; Moorthi, C, 2012)	1.04
" This dual nanoparticulate drug delivery system appears to be promising to overcome oral bioavailability and cancer cell targeting limitations in the treatment of cancer."	( Preparation and characterization of curcumin-piperine dual drug loaded nanoparticles. Kathiresan, K; Krishnan, K; Manavalan, R; Moorthi, C, 2012)	0.65
" Although multiple approaches to this problem are being examined, a solution to the bioavailability issue will be needed to ensure appropriate tissue exposures of curcumin in clinical investigation."	( Curcumin, an active constiuent of the ancient medicinal herb Curcuma longa L.: some uses and the establishment and biological basis of medical efficacy. Li, X; Witkin, JM, 2013)	2.03
" Although it is a considerably promising compound, its poor water solubility and fast degradation profile make it compromise over its bioavailability way below the threshold level on administration."	( Nanocurcumin: a promising therapeutic advancement over native curcumin. Flora, G; Gupta, D; Tiwari, A, 2013)	0.95
" RL71 is hydrophobic with poor bioavailability which limits its clinical development."	( Curcumin-derivative nanomicelles for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Diong, J; Greish, K; Larsen, L; Nehoff, H; Rosengren, RJ; Taurin, S, 2013)	1.83
" Flavonoids such as silibinin, green tea polyphenols, genistein, curcumin have shown great promise, but avenues to improve their bioavailability are requisite."	( Advances in prostate cancer chemoprevention: a translational perspective. Nambiar, D; Singh, RP, 2013)	0.63
"Curcumin (CUR) is a well-known natural compound showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor abilities but characterized by poor bioavailability and chemical instability, which drastically reduce its application in the treatment of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis."	( Evaluation of monooleine aqueous dispersions as tools for topical administration of curcumin: characterization, in vitro and ex-vivo studies. Caggia, S; Cardile, V; Cortesi, R; Crascì, L; Drechsler, M; Esposito, E; Mariani, P; Offerta, A; Panico, AM; Puglia, C, 2013)	2.06
" Polycurcumins (PCurc 8) and curcumin encapsulated in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NanoCurc) showed higher bioavailability than curcumin together with a significant tumor growth inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo studies."	( Plant-derived anticancer agents - curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Creţu, E; Miron, A; Trifan, A; Vasincu, A, )	0.92
" However, poor bioavailability of curcumin hinders its clinical application."	( Antinociceptive curcuminoid, KMS4034, effects on inflammatory and neuropathic pain likely via modulating TRPV1 in mice. Choi, JM; Chung, HJ; Han, H; Jung, SJ; Kim, HJ; Lee, JY; Lee, YS; Oh, Y; Seo, KS; Shin, KJ; Shin, TJ; Yoon, TG, 2013)	1.01
"Nanodrugs play important roles in enhancing the sustainability of pharmaceutical manufacturing via their ability to enhance the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, resulting in less drug wastage and less mass/energy consumed in their manufacturing."	( A highly sustainable and versatile granulation method of nanodrugs via their electrostatic adsorption onto chitosan microparticles as the granulation substrates. Hadinoto, K; Yang, Y, 2013)	0.39
" Since piperine is known to enhance curcumin bioavailability to more than two thousand times by inhibiting its efflux, a conjugate of curcumin-piperic acid was also used."	( Human papilloma virus 16 E6 protein as a target for curcuminoids, curcumin conjugates and congeners for chemoprevention of oral and cervical cancers. Misra, K; Singh, AK, 2013)	0.92
" Solid dispersion (SD) formulation was prepared with Solutol® HS15 to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Enhanced systemic exposure of saquinavir via the concomitant use of curcumin-loaded solid dispersion in rats. Choi, HK; Han, HK; Kim, SA; Kim, SW, 2013)	0.83
" From all these data, miRNAs appear as interesting mediators in regulating polyphenols' biological effects; however, further studies are needed to validate miRNA targets and particularly in physiologically relevant conditions taking into account the bioavailability of dietary polyphenols."	( miRNA as molecular target of polyphenols underlying their biological effects. Jude, B; Milenkovic, D; Morand, C, 2013)	0.39
" Unfortunately, the water-insolubility and instability leads to its low bioavailability in vivo tests."	( Encapsulation of curcumin within poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for delivery to cancer cells. Huang, Q; Shi, J; Sun, Y; Wang, L; Xu, X; Zhang, Y; Zhu, Y, 2013)	0.73
" In conclusion, the formulation in nanoemulsion forms obviously increased the intestinal absorption rate of diarylheptanoids."	( Increased in situ intestinal absorption of phytoestrogenic diarylheptanoids from Curcuma comosa in nanoemulsions. Chaiittianan, R; Hu, Y; Sripanidkulchai, B; Sripanidkulchai, K; Su, J, 2013)	0.39
" However, the poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism limited their medical application."	( Synergetic effect of SLN-curcumin and LDH-5-Fu on SMMC-7721 liver cancer cell line. Gao, B; Liu, H; Wang, S; Wu, X; Xiao, Y; Xie, Q; Zhu, R, 2013)	0.69
" However, studies have indicated that turmeric oil, present in turmeric, can enhance the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-free turmeric exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities: Identification of novel components of turmeric. Aggarwal, BB; Gupta, SC; Li, S; Yuan, W, 2013)	2.05
" However, low oral bioavailability limited its application."	( Curcuma increasing antitumor effect of Rhizoma paridis saponins through absorptive enhancement of paridis saponins. Fan, W; Gao, W; Li, N; Li, Y; Liu, C; Liu, Z; Man, S; Zhang, Y, 2013)	0.39
"Novel water-soluble curcumin derivatives have been developed to overcome low in vivo bioavailability of curcumin."	( Dose-dependent bioavailability indicators for curcumin and two of its novel derivatives. Abd el Aziz, M; Ahmed, H; Al-Malki, A; El-Asmer, M; Fouad, H; Hafez, H; Hassouna, A; Kumosani, T; Rezq, A; Taha, F, )	0.71
" The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of curcumin and THERACURMIN, a highly bioavailable curcumin, against sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced oxidative damage in primary striatal cell culture."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin and highly bioavailable curcumin on oxidative stress induced by sodium nitroprusside in rat striatal cell culture. Akaike, A; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Izumi, Y; Izuo, N; Kume, T; Nazari, QA; Takada-Takatori, Y, 2013)	0.92
" This effect appears to depend on the bioavailability of curcuminoids preparations and also duration of supplementation."	( Are curcuminoids effective C-reactive protein-lowering agents in clinical practice? Evidence from a meta-analysis. Sahebkar, A, 2014)	1.21
" Despite the many efforts that are currently being made to improve the bioavailability of curcumin, brain concentration of curcumin remains low."	( Neuroprotective properties of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease--merits and limitations. Chin, D; Huebbe, P; Pallauf, K; Rimbach, G, 2013)	0.9
" Poor oral bioavailability and the low plasma concentration of curcuminoids limited their clinical use, and one of the major reasons is their rapid metabolism in vivo."	( Curcuminoid metabolism and its contribution to the pharmacological effects. Qiu, F; Wang, K, 2013)	2.07
" However, application of curcumin has been limited due to its insolubility in water and poor bioavailability both clinically and experimentally."	( Curcumin analog 1, 5-bis (2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one exhibits enhanced ability on Nrf2 activation and protection against acrolein-induced ARPE-19 cell toxicity. Cao, K; Dai, F; Feng, Z; Li, Y; Liu, J; Lu, W; Xu, J; Yue, T; Zhou, B; Zou, X, 2013)	2.14
" With the aim of improving bioavailability and selectivity, the antiproliferative effects of free-, liposomed-, and immunoliposomed-curcumin and/or resveratrol formulations have been compared in two human breast cancer cell lines with different HER2 expression levels."	( Immunoliposome encapsulation increases cytotoxic activity and selectivity of curcumin and resveratrol against HER2 overexpressing human breast cancer cells. Barrajón-Catalán, E; Catania, A; Cicirata, F; Micol, V; Nicolosi, S, 2013)	0.82
" However, the poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin have limited its potential when administrated orally."	( Design and in vitro evaluation of a new nano-microparticulate system for enhanced aqueous-phase solubility of curcumin. El-Sherbiny, IM; Guzman-Villanueva, D; Herrera-Ruiz, D; Smyth, HD, 2013)	0.84
" Curcumin is readily available and its local application is easily performed without limitations of its poor bioavailability in systemic administration."	( Improvement of peripheral nerve regeneration following nerve repair by silicone tube filled with curcumin: a preliminary study in the rat model. Mahmoodi, H; Mohammadi, R, 2013)	1.52
" Oral bioavailability of hydrophobic compounds might be elevated via encapsulation in artificial seed oil bodies."	( Elevating bioavailability of curcumin via encapsulation with a novel formulation of artificial oil bodies. Chang, MT; Chen, CR; Chen, YJ; Lee, CY; Tsai, TR; Tzen, JT; Wei, YS, 2013)	0.68
" Curcumin is known for its low systemic bioavailability and rapid metabolization through oral route and has limited its applications."	( Intranasal curcumin and its evaluation in murine model of asthma. Chauhan, PS; Chawla, R; Dash, D; Kumar, JP; Kumari, S; Singh, M; Singh, R, 2013)	1.69
"The anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative agent curcumin has poor oral bioavailability and solubility in plasma."	( Effect of liposomal curcumin on red blood cells in vitro. Aschauer, S; Gouya, G; Helson, L; Klickovic, U; Storka, A; Vcelar, B; Weisshaar, S; Wolzt, M, 2013)	0.97
" In spite of various astounding therapeutic properties, it lacks in bioavailability mainly due to its poor solubility in water."	( Curcumin conjugated silica nanoparticles for improving bioavailability and its anticancer applications. Datar, S; Dhumale, VA; Gangwar, RK; Sharma, RB; Tomar, GB; Zinjarde, S, 2013)	1.83
" Despite significant anti-tumor efficacies and bio-safety profiles of curcumin, poor systemic bioavailability is retarding its clinical success."	( Tumor growth inhibition through targeting liposomally bound curcumin to tumor vasculature. Barui, S; Chaudhuri, A; Mondal, G; Saha, S, 2013)	0.87
"Curcumin exhibits growth-suppressive activity against a variety of cancer cells, but low bioavailability restricts its application in chemotherapeutic trials."	( A synthetic curcumin derivative hydrazinobenzoylcurcumin induces autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells. Chen, XB; Sun, GC; Zhang, L; Zhang, SN; Zhou, GZ, 2014)	2.22
"Poor solubility and bioavailability are limiting factors for the clinical application of curcumin."	( Development and pharmacokinetic evaluation of a curcumin co-solvent formulation. Bell, EC; John, MK; Liang, D; Xie, H, 2013)	0.87
" However, low peroral bioavailability is a major limiting factor for the success of clinical utilization of curcumin."	( Efficacy of biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles in delaying cataract in diabetic rat model. Balakrishna, N; Grama, CN; Kumar, MN; Patil, MA; Raghu, G; Reddy, GB; Suryanarayana, P, 2013)	0.9
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of MS5 in rabbits revealed 10-fold increase in bioavailability as compared to native curcumin, demonstrated the superiority of microsponges over native curcumin as gastro retentive drug delivery system."	( Assessing the viability of microsponges as gastro retentive drug delivery system of curcumin: optimization and pharmacokinetics. Arya, P; Pathak, K, 2014)	0.84
" The controlled dual release of curcumin and piperine from the G/SF microspheres would prolong their half-life, provide the optimal concentrations for therapeutic effects at a target site, and improve the bioavailability of curcumin."	( The development of injectable gelatin/silk fibroin microspheres for the dual delivery of curcumin and piperine. Damrongsakkul, S; Kanokpanont, S; Ratanavaraporn, J, 2014)	0.91
"Dry emulsion containing curcumin (DE-CUR) was prepared for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble curcumin, and its oral bioavailability and antiasthmatic efficacy was evaluated."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and antiasthmatic efficacy of curcumin using redispersible dry emulsion. Jang, DJ; Kim, ST; Lee, K; Oh, E, 2014)	0.95
" Here, we have exploited the receptor-binding ability of DT to increase cellular uptake of curcumin, a hydrophobic molecule with low bioavailability and cellular uptake."	( Recombinant receptor-binding domain of diphtheria toxin increases the potency of curcumin by enhancing cellular uptake. Bose, B; Das, G; Kumar, A, 2014)	0.85
"In order to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin its conjugates with piperic acid and glycine were synthesized by esterifying the 4 and 4' phenolic hydroxyls, the sites of metabolic conjugation."	( Curcumin conjugates induce apoptosis via a mitochondrion dependent pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Agarwal, S; Godbole, MM; Misra, K; Singh, DV; Singh, P, 2013)	2.1
"Here we show a curcumin encapsulated lipopolymeric hybrid nanoparticle formulation which could protect against QT prolongation and also render increased bioavailability and stability thereby overcoming the limitations associated with curcumin."	( Mitigating prolonged QT interval in cancer nanodrug development for accelerated clinical translation. Helson, L; Mukerjee, A; Ranjan, AP; Vishwanatha, JK, 2013)	0.74
" However, due to its low absorption, the poor bioavailability of curcumin limits its clinical use."	( Liposome encapsulation of curcumin: physico-chemical characterizations and effects on MCF7 cancer cell proliferation. Arab-Tehrany, E; Barberi-Heyob, M; Belhaj, N; Benachour, H; Hasan, M; Jabbari, E; Kahn, CJ; Linder, M, 2014)	0.94
" These findings suggest that cigarette smoke-induced modifications of HSA may affect the binding, transport and bioavailability of specific ligands in smokers."	( Cigarette smoke induces alterations in the drug-binding properties of human serum albumin. Clerici, M; Colombo, G; Colombo, R; Dalle-Donne, I; Gagliano, N; Giustarini, D; Milzani, A; Portinaro, N; Rossi, R; Secundo, F, 2014)	0.4
"The poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin restrict its clinical application for cancer treatment."	( Novel tumor-targeting, self-assembling peptide nanofiber as a carrier for effective curcumin delivery. Chu, L; Liu, J; Liu, Q; Song, N; Xu, H; Yang, C; Zhang, Y, 2014)	0.87
" However its bioavailability is low due to its limited intestinal uptake and rapid metabolism."	( The oral bioavailability of curcumin from micronized powder and liquid micelles is significantly increased in healthy humans and differs between sexes. Behnam, D; Frank, J; Jandasek, J; Kocher, A; Schiborr, C; Toelstede, S, 2014)	0.7
"Both, the micronized powder and in particular the liquid micellar formulation of curcumin significantly improved its oral bioavailability without altering safety parameters and may thus be ideally suited to deliver curcumin in human intervention trials."	( The oral bioavailability of curcumin from micronized powder and liquid micelles is significantly increased in healthy humans and differs between sexes. Behnam, D; Frank, J; Jandasek, J; Kocher, A; Schiborr, C; Toelstede, S, 2014)	0.92
" However, the generally low solubility, stability, bioavailability and target specificity, together with the side effects seen when used at high levels, have limited their application."	( Application of nanotechnology in improving bioavailability and bioactivity of diet-derived phytochemicals. Moustaid-Moussa, N; Nie, S; Su, R; Sun, M; Wang, S; Wu, D; Zhang, J, 2014)	0.4
" The poor bioavailability of curcumin is likely the major hurdle for its more widespread use in humans."	( Therapeutic potential of curcumin in digestive diseases. Dulbecco, P; Savarino, V, 2013)	0.98
" Importantly, the low bioavailability of curcumin has been dramatically improved through the use of structural analogues or special formulations."	( Targeting cancer stem cells by curcumin and clinical applications. Li, Y; Zhang, T, 2014)	0.95
"82 days) and bioavailability of CUR (70."	( Nanocurcumin: a novel antifilarial agent with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitory activity. Abdul Nasim, S; Afzal, M; Ahmad, I; Ali, M, 2014)	0.96
" However, the oral bioavailability of curcumin is extremely low due to its avid metabolism to curcumin O-glucuronide (COG), curcumin O-sulfate (COS), tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), and other minor metabolites."	( A high-throughput quantification method of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in human plasma via high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Cao, Y; Liu, Z; Xu, RX, 2014)	0.94
" However, poor oral bioavailability limited its efficacy in animal and clinical studies."	( Curcumin implants, not curcumin diet, inhibit estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis in ACI rats. Bansal, SS; Gupta, RC; Kausar, H; Pan, J; Rai, SN; Ravoori, S; Vadhanam, MV, 2014)	1.85
" Curcumin is a new candidate for anticancer treatment, but its low bioavailability and water solubility represent the main disadvantages of its use."	( Dendrosomal curcumin nanoformulation downregulates pluripotency genes via miR-145 activation in U87MG glioblastoma cells. Babaei, E; Bilia, AR; Isacchi, B; Marra, F; Mowla, SJ; Najafi, F; Sadeghizadeh, M; Tahmasebi Mirgani, M, 2014)	1.69
" However, since systemic absorption and bioavailability of curcumin from gastrointestinal tract is considerably poor, synthetic curcuminoids are being developed as better alternatives."	( Antibacterial activity of synthetic curcumin derivatives: 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone (EF24) and EF24-dimer linked via diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (EF2DTPA). Awasthi, S; Awasthi, V; King, C; Lagisetty, P; Vilekar, P, 2014)	0.92
" However, its poor bioavailability limits its use in therapeutics."	( Attenuation of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury with curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Kakkar, V; Kaur, IP; Khullar, N; Singh, N, 2014)	0.64
" Several reasons could be responsible for the discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo findings and human trials, such as low bioavailability and poor study design."	( Curcumin as a therapeutic agent in dementia: a mini systematic review of human studies. Barale, F; Boldrini, A; Brondino, N; Cuccomarino, A; Lanati, N; Politi, P; Re, S, 2014)	1.85
" The encapsulation of CUR in Apt-CUR-NPs resulted in the increased bioavailability of delivered CUR over a period of 24 hours compared to that of free CUR in vivo."	( Epithelial cell adhesion molecule aptamer functionalized PLGA-lecithin-curcumin-PEG nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Duan, W; Li, L; Li, Q; Lin, J; Liu, K; Shigdar, S; Xiang, D; Yang, W, 2014)	0.64
"Oral curcumin administration has low bioavailability and does not induce HO-1 on mRNA or protein level in PBMCs."	( Human pharmacokinetics of high dose oral curcumin and its effect on heme oxygenase-1 expression in healthy male subjects. Aschauer, S; Bilban, M; Doberer, D; Gouya, G; Klickovic, U; Storka, A; Weisshaar, S; Wolzt, M, 2014)	1.18
" This is presumably due to low bioavailability in both plasma and tissues, particularly due to poor intracellular accumulation."	( Mitochondrial-targeted curcuminoids: a strategy to enhance bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Golakoti, T; Kanugula, AK; Karnewar, S; Kotamraju, S; Kuppusamy, P; Kutala, VK; Prabhakar, S; Rajendiran, K; Reddy, CA; Somepalli, V; Vasagiri, N, 2014)	0.71
"Although curcumin suppresses the growth of a variety of cancer cells, its poor absorption and low systemic bioavailability have limited its translation into clinics as an anticancer agent."	( Stronger proteasomal inhibition and higher CHOP induction are responsible for more effective induction of paraptosis by dimethoxycurcumin than curcumin. Choi, KS; Kang, YJ; Kim, EY; Kim, HS; Kim, IA; Kim, IY; Kim, MA; Kim, SA; Lee, BY; Lee, JA; Lee, K; Lee, YS; Park, JH; Yoon, AR; Yoon, MJ; Yun, CO, 2014)	1.02
" Unfortunately, the poor bioavailability and hydrophobicity of curcumin pose a major hurdle to its use as a potent anticancer agent."	( Chemotherapeutic potential of curcumin-bearing microcells against hepatocellular carcinoma in model animals. Dua, B; Farazuddin, M; Joshi, B; Khan, AA; Owais, M; Zia, Q, 2014)	0.93
" However, the poor oral bioavailability of curcumin poses a significant pharmacological barrier to its use therapeutically and/or as a functional food."	( Enhanced bioavailability and bioefficacy of an amorphous solid dispersion of curcumin. Chuah, AM; Das, T; Deshpande, P; Gelling, RW; Jacob, B; Jie, Z; Mandal, S; Patel, G; Puthan, JK; Ramesh, S; Shreeram, S; Vaidyanathan, VV, 2014)	0.89
" The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of highly bioavailable curcumin, Theracurmin(®), and curcumin, against sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced oxidative damage in mice brain."	( Potential protective effect of highly bioavailable curcumin on an oxidative stress model induced by microinjection of sodium nitroprusside in mice brain. Akaike, A; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Izumi, Y; Kume, T; Nazari, QA; Takada-Takatori, Y, 2014)	0.87
"In this study, curcumin was designed into the nanoformulation called cubosome with piperine in order to improve oral bioavailability and tissue distribution of curcumin."	( Preparation, characterisation and evaluation of curcumin with piperine-loaded cubosome nanoparticles. Fu, JW; Huang, DE; Shi, ZQ; Sun, DM; Tu, YS; Yao, N; Zhang, JJ, 2014)	1.01
" The pharmacokinetic test revealed that the cubosome could improve the oral bioavailability significantly compared to the suspension of curcumin with piperine and be mainly absorbed by the spleen."	( Preparation, characterisation and evaluation of curcumin with piperine-loaded cubosome nanoparticles. Fu, JW; Huang, DE; Shi, ZQ; Sun, DM; Tu, YS; Yao, N; Zhang, JJ, 2014)	0.86
" These nanocrystalline drugs have enhanced solubility in neutral aqueous medium at room temperature and thus exhibit better bioavailability than their commercially available microcrystalline form."	( A lucid build-up of nanostructured curcumin, quercetin and their interaction with DNA. Annaraj, J; Rajasekaran, M, 2014)	0.68
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound that exhibits strong antioxidant and anticancer activities; however, low bioavailability has restricted its application in chemotherapeutic trials."	( Novel curcumin analogue IHCH exhibits potent anti‑proliferative effects by inducing autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells. Chen, XB; Sun, GC; Xu, SL; Zhou, GZ, 2014)	2.33
" Although curcumin possesses remarkable medicinal properties, the bioavailability of curcumin has limited its success in epigenetic studies and clinical trials."	( Epigenetic impact of curcumin on stroke prevention. Kalani, A; Kalani, K; Kamat, PK; Tyagi, N, 2015)	1.14
"Colon cancer is the third most leading causes of death due to cancer worldwide and the chemo drug 5-fluorouracil's (5-FU) applicability is limited due to its non-specificity, low bioavailability and overdose."	( In vitro combinatorial anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin loaded N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles toward colon cancer and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Anitha, A; Chennazhi, KP; Jayakumar, R; Lakshmanan, VK; Sreeranganathan, M, 2014)	0.64
"In the present study, Curcumin (CU)-loaded nanocarrier (NC) such as nanoemulsion (NE) was developed with the objective of increasing its cytotoxicity and bioavailability through lymphatic transport by enhancing its solubility and intestinal permeability."	( Curcumin-loaded lipid nanocarrier for improving bioavailability, stability and cytotoxicity against malignant glioma cells. Ahuja, A; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Kumar, A, 2016)	2.19
" Formulations which passed physical stability studies were selected for further studies such as globule size, zeta potential, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, in vitro lipolysis studies, bioavailability studies and cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells (U-87)."	( Curcumin-loaded lipid nanocarrier for improving bioavailability, stability and cytotoxicity against malignant glioma cells. Ahuja, A; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Kumar, A, 2016)	1.88
" The relative bioavailability of NC was found 11."	( Curcumin-loaded lipid nanocarrier for improving bioavailability, stability and cytotoxicity against malignant glioma cells. Ahuja, A; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Kumar, A, 2016)	1.88
"The current review emphasizes on the herbal bioenhancers which themselves do not possess inherent pharmacological activity of their own but when co-administered with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), enhances their bioavailability and efficacy."	( Role of herbal bioactives as a potential bioavailability enhancer for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Alexander, A; Kumari, L; Qureshi, A; Saraf, S; Sharma, M; Vaishnav, P, 2014)	0.4
" Current studies are underway to increase the bioavailability and effectiveness of curcumin in vivo."	( [Curcumin in chemoprevention of breast cancer]. Terlikowska, K; Terlikowski, S; Witkowska, A, 2014)	1.54
"Previous animal studies have shown that turmeric can significantly modulate the activity of several drug metabolizing enzymes, this may dramatically affect the bioavailability of several drugs resulting in over dose or less therapeutic effects."	( Pretreatment with turmeric modulates the inhibitory influence of cisplatin and paclitaxel on CYP2E1 and CYP3A1/2 in isolated rat hepatic microsomes. Ahmed, EM; EL-Maraghy, SA; Shaheen, AA; Teleb, ZA, 2014)	0.4
"The present study was to formulate curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles (Cur-SLNs) with P-gp modulator excipients, TPGS and Brij78, to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles with Brij78 and TPGS improved in vivo oral bioavailability and in situ intestinal absorption of curcumin. Ji, H; Li, M; Ren, J; Tang, J; Wu, L; Zheng, N, 2016)	2.15
" In vivo pharmacokinetics study and in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion were performed to investigate the effects of Cur-SLNs on the bioavailability and intestinal absorption of curcumin."	( Curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles with Brij78 and TPGS improved in vivo oral bioavailability and in situ intestinal absorption of curcumin. Ji, H; Li, M; Ren, J; Tang, J; Wu, L; Zheng, N, 2016)	2.07
"27-folds greater than curcumin suspension and the relative bioavailability of Cur-SLNs was 942."	( Curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles with Brij78 and TPGS improved in vivo oral bioavailability and in situ intestinal absorption of curcumin. Ji, H; Li, M; Ren, J; Tang, J; Wu, L; Zheng, N, 2016)	2.19
"Cur-SLNs with TPGS and Brij78 could improve the oral bioavailability and intestinal absorption of curcumin effectively."	( Curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles with Brij78 and TPGS improved in vivo oral bioavailability and in situ intestinal absorption of curcumin. Ji, H; Li, M; Ren, J; Tang, J; Wu, L; Zheng, N, 2016)	2.09
" The in vivo study also revealed that the formulation could significantly increase curcumin bioavailability in the aqueous humor."	( Optimization and evaluation of a thermoresponsive ophthalmic in situ gel containing curcumin-loaded albumin nanoparticles. Hu, W; Jia, Y; Lou, J; Tian, R; Zhang, H; Zhang, J; Zhang, L, 2014)	0.85
" However, miserable bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility limits the application of CUR in various ailments."	( Transformation of curcumin from food additive to multifunctional medicine: nanotechnology bridging the gap. Abdel-Wahab, BA; Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, J; Ahmad, MZ; Akhter, S; Mallick, N; Mohsin, N; Rahman, M; Warsi, MH, 2014)	0.74
" Their efficacy has been tested in tumor xenografted mice and considerable experimental findings have stimulated researchers to further improve the bioavailability of these nutraceuticals."	( Targeting cancer with nano-bullets: curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol and quercetin on flying carpets. Aras, A; Farooqi, AA; Hechenleitner, AA; Khokhar, AR; Pineda, EA; Qureshi, MZ; Silva, MF; Sobczak-Kupiec, A, 2014)	0.68
" Promising properties, including long-circulation time, enhanced tumor localization, interference with "multidrug" resistance effects, and environmental biodegradability, often result in an improvement of the drug bioavailability and effectiveness."	( Antiproliferative effect of ASC-J9 delivered by PLGA nanoparticles against estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Colombo, M; Corsi, F; Gramatica, F; Marinozzi, MR; Mazzucchelli, S; Morasso, C; Pandolfi, L; Prosperi, D; Vanna, R; Verderio, P, 2014)	0.4
"To conclude, the combination of 5-FU-TCS-NPs and CRC-TCS-NPs showed enhanced anticancer effects on colon cancer cells in vitro and improved the bioavailability of the drugs in vivo."	( Combinatorial anticancer effects of curcumin and 5-fluorouracil loaded thiolated chitosan nanoparticles towards colon cancer treatment. Anitha, A; Chennazhi, KP; Deepa, N; Jayakumar, R; Lakshmanan, VK, 2014)	0.68
" Recent studies have discussed poor bioavailability of curcumin because of poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination."	( Nanotechnology-applied curcumin for different diseases therapy. Alizadeh, AM; Ashkani-Esfahani, S; Ghalandarlaki, N, 2014)	0.96
" However, poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin are major challenge in its development as a useful drug."	( [Preparation of curcumin-loaded long-circulating liposomes and its pharmacokinetics in rats]. Dai, DB; He, WJ; Li, FZ; Li, G; Song, SC; Wei, YH; Xu, XL; You, J, 2014)	0.99
"Poor water solubility as well as poor bioavailability of curcumin has greatly hindered its applications in cancer therapy."	( Preparation of curcumin micelles and the in vitro and in vivo evaluation for cancer therapy. Chen, H; Chen, T; Li, L; Li, X; Xu, L; Zhang, Z, 2014)	1
"The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of emu oil on bioavailability of curcumin when co-administered and to evaluate the property that enhances the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin."	( Improvement of bioavailability and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin in combination with emu oil. Jeengar, MK; Naidu, VG; Nair, K; Putcha, UK; Shrivastava, S; Singareddy, SR; Sistla, R; Talluri, MV, 2014)	0.86
" In order to enhance the bioavailability of curcuminoids, piperine (15 mg/day) was added to the treatment regimen."	( Impact of Supplementation with Curcuminoids on Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Findings from a Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Alishiri, G; Panahi, Y; Rahimnia, AR; Sahebkar, A; Sharafi, M, 2015)	0.96
" The major disadvantage associated with the use of curcumin, however, is its low systemic bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Improving the anticancer activity of curcumin using nanocurcumin dispersion in water. Basniwal, RK; Jain, N; Khosla, R, 2014)	0.93
" Based on these promising preclinical results, several research groups, including our own, have progressed to testing the anticancer effects of curcumin in clinical trials; however, the poor bioavailability of this agent has been the major challenge for its clinical application."	( Therapeutic applications of curcumin for patients with pancreatic cancer. Kanai, M, 2014)	0.9
" Continued research into bioavailability and function of these agents will help translate their therapeutic potential to treat clinical disease."	( The basic science of natural ingredients. Friedman, A; Gunn, H; Krausz, A, 2014)	0.4
" Clinical application of these curcuminoids is often impaired due to their poor water solubility, resulting in low in vivo bioavailability of the active compound in humans."	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of glucosyl curcuminoids. Ansari, IA; Bhaskar Rao, A; Deepthi, SS; Prasad, E, 2014)	0.94
" Interestingly, curcumin despite its very low bioavailability showed protective activity against many organ lesions."	( Curcumin influences semen quality parameters and reverses the di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular damage in mice. Basta-Kaim, A; Głombik, K; Kubera, M; Sikora-Polaczek, M; Starowicz, G; Styrna, J, 2014)	2.19
" In male germ cells in vivo the protective effect was seen despite the low bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin influences semen quality parameters and reverses the di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular damage in mice. Basta-Kaim, A; Głombik, K; Kubera, M; Sikora-Polaczek, M; Starowicz, G; Styrna, J, 2014)	2.06
" The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of short-term supplementation with curcuminoids (co-administered with piperine to enhance the bioavailability of curcuminoids) in alleviating systemic oxidative stress and clinical symptoms, and improvement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in subjects suffering from chronic pulmonary complications due to SM exposure who are receiving standard respiratory treatments."	( Effects of Curcuminoids-Piperine Combination on Systemic Oxidative Stress, Clinical Symptoms and Quality of Life in Subjects with Chronic Pulmonary Complications Due to Sulfur Mustard: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ghanei, M; Hajhashemi, A; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2016)	1.05
" However, the benefits are curtailed by its extremely poor aqueous solubility, which subsequently limits the bioavailability and therapeutic effects of curcumin."	( Solubility enhancement and delivery systems of curcumin a herbal medicine: a review. Hani, U; Shivakumar, HG, 2014)	0.86
"Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) possesses low bioavailability due to its poor solubility, permeability and rapid metabolism."	( Preparation, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity assay of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticle in IMR32 neuroblastoma cell line. Rahman, MH; Ramanathan, M; Sankar, V, 2014)	2.08
"Curcumin is an ideal chemopreventive and antitumor agent characterized by poor bioavailability and low stability."	( Curcumin and dimethoxycurcumin induced epigenetic changes in leukemia cells. Abdallah, I; Buttolph, T; Carlson, S; Fandy, TE; Glass, KC; Hassan, HE, 2015)	3.3
" The overall findings of this study suggest the mechanisms responsible for the antihypertensive action of CUR in 2K-1C hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling involve the improvement NO bioavailability and a reduction in oxidative stress."	( Curcumin improves endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in 2K-1C hypertensive rats by raising nitric oxide availability and reducing oxidative stress. Boonla, O; Greenwald, SE; Kukongviriyapan, U; Kukongviriyapan, V; Pakdeechote, P; Pannangpetch, P; Prachaney, P, 2014)	1.85
"To enhance the solubility and improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic curcumin, a new kind of imprinted-like biopolymeric micelles (IBMs) was designed."	( Imprinted-like biopolymeric micelles as efficient nanovehicles for curcumin delivery. Huang, Q; Li, J; Liu, YN; Qi, Z; Sun, X; Zeng, K; Zhang, L, 2014)	0.87
") administration which showed enhanced bioavailability of curcuminoids in brain as compared to intravenous administration."	( PNIPAM nanoparticles for targeted and enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of curcuminoids: UPLC/ESI-Q-ToF-MS/MS-based pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic evaluation in cerebral ischemia model. Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, N; Iqbal, Z; Samim, M; Umar, S, 2016)	0.91
"The bioavailability of curcumin is the limiting factor for its effective use in anti-cancer therapy."	( Molecular mechanism of interaction of mitocurcumin-1 with Akt1 and STAT3: an in silico approach. Kutala, VK; Vasagiri, N, 2014)	0.98
" In conclusion, oral intake of curcumin significantly decreased the bioavailability of EVL, a probe substrate of P-gp/CYP 3A4, mainly through marked activation on CYP 3A4."	( Oral intake of curcumin markedly activated CYP 3A4: in vivo and ex-vivo studies. Chao, PD; Hou, YC; Hsieh, YW; Huang, CY; Peng, YH; Yang, SY; Yu, CP, 2014)	1.04
" Elastic vesicles (EVs) of curcumin were prepared to improve its cutaneous bioavailability and to use it for topical anti-inflammatory effect."	( Development and evaluation of curcumin-loaded elastic vesicles as an effective topical anti-inflammatory formulation. Agrawal, R; Kaur, IP; Sandhu, SK; Sharma, I, 2015)	1
" While curcumin does have potential therapeutic efficacy, both solubility and bioavailability must be improved before it can be more successfully translated to clinical care."	( Oral administration of nano-emulsion curcumin in mice suppresses inflammatory-induced NFκB signaling and macrophage migration. Bruss, MS; Cao, Y; Gardner, M; Jarjour, WN; Liu, Z; Mo, X; Valiente, GR; Willis, WL; Wu, LC; Young, NA, 2014)	1.13
" To apprehend these limitations, we propose to use highly bioavailable curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (C-SLNs) for the treatment of RA."	( Curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles ameliorate adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Arora, R; Chopra, K; Kaur, IP; Kuhad, A, 2015)	2.09
" The present contribution describes the safety and oral bioavailability of a novel water soluble formulation of curcumin, curcumagalactomannosides (CGM), when used as a dietary ingredient in selected food items."	( Enhanced bioavailability and safety of curcumagalactomannosides as a dietary ingredient. I M, K; Jeena, K; Kumar, D; Kuttan, R; Liju, VB; Maliakel, B, 2015)	0.63
" To determine the possibility of a pharmacokinetic interaction, the oral bioavailability of diclofenac (10 mg/kg) was studied in presence and the absence of curcumin (31 mg/kg)."	( Synergistic effect of the interaction between curcumin and diclofenac on the formalin test in rats. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Chávez Piña, AE; De Paz-Campos, MA; Ortiz, MI; Zazueta-Beltrán, L, 2014)	0.86
"Knowing that curcumin has low bioavailability when administered orally, and that piperine has bioenhancer activity by inhibition of hepatic and intestinal biotransformation processes, the aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of curcumin (90 mg/kg) and piperine (20 or 40 mg/kg), alone or co-administered, incorporated in yoghurt, in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats."	( Piperine, a natural bioenhancer, nullifies the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of curcumin in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Arcaro, CA; Assis, RP; Baviera, AM; Brunetti, IL; Costa, PI; Gutierres, VO; Moreira, TF, 2014)	0.99
"The present study was conducted to overcome the disadvantages associated with the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin by synthesizing nanotized curcumin and demonstrating its efficacy in treating malaria."	( Formulation of nanotized curcumin and demonstration of its antimalarial efficacy. Banerjee, T; Bhandary, S; Ghosh, A; Surolia, A, 2014)	0.91
" Oral bioavailability of nanotized curcumin was found to be superior to that of its native counterpart."	( Formulation of nanotized curcumin and demonstration of its antimalarial efficacy. Banerjee, T; Bhandary, S; Ghosh, A; Surolia, A, 2014)	0.98
"Curcumin is a potent natural anticancer agent, but its effectiveness is limited by properties such as very low solubility, high rate of degradation, and low rate of absorption of its hydrophobic molecules in vivo."	( A novel diblock of copolymer of (monomethoxy poly [ethylene glycol]-oleate) with a small hydrophobic fraction to make stable micelles/polymersomes for curcumin delivery to cancer cells. Erfani-Moghadam, V; Najafi, F; Nomani, A; Sadeghizadeh, M; Yazdani, Y; Zamani, M, 2014)	2.04
" However, the low bioavailability of curcumin, partly due to its low solubility and stability in the digestive tract, limits its therapeutic applications."	( Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Standardized Solid Lipid Curcumin Formulations. Nahar, PP; Seeram, NP; Slitt, AL, 2015)	0.93
" Its translation to the clinic is, however, limited by its reduced solubility and bioavailability in patients."	( Hybrid curcumin compounds: a new strategy for cancer treatment. Dicato, M; Diederich, M; Teiten, MH, 2014)	0.86
" It is concluded that curcumin, or better yet, an analog with better and longer bioavailability could be of important therapeutic potential in PD and/or major depression."	( Relevance of the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin in neurodegenerative diseases and depression. Akinfiresoye, L; Hurley, LL; Qualls, Z; Tizabi, Y, 2014)	0.97
"The problem of poor bioavailability and clinical efficacy of curcumin can be sorted out after converting crystalline Curcumin (CrysCur) into amorphous NanoCurcumin (NanoCur)."	( Comparative anti-inflammatory potential of crystalline and amorphous nano curcumin in topical drug delivery. Al-Rohaimi, AH, 2015)	0.89
" This work demonstrates the potential for PPS microspheres as a generalizable vehicle for ROS-demanded drug release and establishes the utility of this platform for improving local curcumin bioavailability for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases."	( ROS-responsive microspheres for on demand antioxidant therapy in a model of diabetic peripheral arterial disease. Duvall, CL; Gupta, MK; Haws, SC; Joshi, RV; Kavanaugh, TE; Martin, JR; Nelson, CE; Poole, KM; Skala, MC, 2015)	0.61
" However, it is insoluble in water and displays poor oral bioavailability as a result of low absorption."	( "Squalenoylcurcumin" nanoassemblies as water-dispersible drug candidates with antileishmanial activity. Bories, C; Caron, J; Champy, P; Cheikh-Ali, Z; Cojean, S; Couvreur, P; Desmaële, D; Loiseau, PM; Poupon, E, 2015)	0.81
" The bioavailability of curcumin in rats increases remarkably compared with that of curcumin solution after intravenous administration."	( [Pharmacokinetics study of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles by intravenous injection in rats]. Deng, X; Li, WY; Sun, LL; Wan, K; Yan, ZJ; Zhang, JQ, 2014)	1.01
" Piperine, one of the main constituents of black pepper, is known to increase the bioavailability of curcuminoids in mouse and human studies when consumed with turmeric."	( Turmeric and black pepper spices decrease lipid peroxidation in meat patties during cooking. Heber, D; Henning, SM; Huang, J; Lee, RP; Li, Z; Zerlin, A; Zhang, Y, 2015)	0.63
" The critical disadvantage of curcumin as a drug candidate is its low bioavailability caused by poor water solubility and rapid in vivo metabolism."	( Curcumin-based anti-prostate cancer agents. Chen, QH, 2015)	2.15
" Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed in order to understand safety, bioavailability and bioefficacy of dietary polyphenols in IBD patients."	( The role of dietary polyphenols in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Abdollahi, M; Farzaei, MH; Rahimi, R, 2015)	0.42
" This study highlights the potential of designing excipient food emulsions that increase the oral bioavailability of lipophilic nutraceuticals, such as curcumin."	( Utilizing food matrix effects to enhance nutraceutical bioavailability: increase of curcumin bioaccessibility using excipient emulsions. Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Xiao, H; Zou, L, 2015)	0.84
" We postulate that an increase in the bioavailability of curcumin should be introduced very carefully considering senescence induction as a side effect."	( Curcumin induces senescence of primary human cells building the vasculature in a DNA damage and ATM-independent manner. Bielak-Zmijewska, A; Grabowska, W; Kucharewicz, K; Lewinska, A; Mosieniak, G; Przybylska, D; Sikora, E; Suszek, M; Wnuk, M, 2015)	2.1
" It also has a low bioavailability which presents a major barrier to its use in fortifying food products."	( Fabrication of amorphous curcumin nanosuspensions using β-lactoglobulin to enhance solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Aditya, NP; Kim, S; Ko, S; Yang, H, 2015)	0.72
"Poor oral bioavailability of curcuminoids limited their various applications, and one of the main reasons is their rapid metabolism in vivo."	( Sulfonation of curcuminoids: characterization and contribution of individual SULT enzymes. Han, L; Jiang, K; Lu, X; Ma, Y; Meng, S; Zhang, M; Zhou, Y, 2015)	1.06
"The poor bioavailability and stability of curcumin limit its clinical application."	( Zn(II)-curcumin protects against oxidative stress, deleterious changes in sperm parameters and histological alterations in a male mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive damage. Lu, WP; Mei, XT; Wang, Y; Xu, DH; Xue, YF; Zheng, YP, 2015)	1.14
" Despite its imperative biological activities, chemical instability, photo-instability and poor bioavailability limits its utilization as an effective therapeutic agent."	( Curcumin conjugated with PLGA potentiates sustainability, anti-proliferative activity and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells. Dhumale, S; Pandey, SM; Pathak, C; Sharma, A; Waghela, BN, 2015)	1.86
" The results show that Cur-PIP-SMEDDS can increase the solubility and stability of curcumin significantly, in the expectation of enhancing the bioavailability of it."	( [Optimization and characterization of curcumin-piperine dual drug loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system by simplex lattice design]. Dai, JD; Jiang, QL; Li, QP; Zhai, WW, 2014)	0.9
" However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limit its clinical applications."	( [Recent advances in curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver diseases]. Peng, ML; Sun, Y, 2014)	0.97
"Curcumin (CCM) is a bioactive polyphenolic compound that suffers a low bioavailability because of its low water solubility."	( Absorption mechanism of whey-protein-delivered curcumin using Caco-2 cell monolayers. Cui, J; Li, M; Ma, Y; Ngadi, MO, 2015)	2.12
" The anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties of curcumin have made it a promising molecule for the treatment of this pathology; however, its solubility and bioavailability problems are still the subject of multiple studies."	( Experimental evidence for curcumin and its analogs for management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Lozada-García, MC; Pedraza-Chaverri, J; Rivera-Mancía, S, 2015)	0.95
" In this review, the molecular mechanisms and the issue of bioavailability are mainly discussed."	( Curcumin targets in inflammation and cancer. Deguchi, A, 2015)	1.86
"The objective of this study was to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin by a new curcumin dripping pills (Cur-DPs) formulation using melt mixing methods."	( Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin by a Novel Solid Dispersion System. Chen, Q; Gao, N; Hu, L; Ji, J; Li, JH; Niu, F; Shi, Y; Wang, S; Yang, X, 2015)	0.91
"Curcumin (CUR) has been proven to be clinically effective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy, but its low oral bioavailability eclipses existent evidence that attempts to explain the underlying mechanism."	( Oral curcumin has anti-arthritic efficacy through somatostatin generation via cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/CaMKII signaling pathways in the small intestine. Bian, D; Dai, Y; Dou, Y; Tong, B; Wang, T; Wei, Z; Wu, X; Xia, Y; Yang, Y; Zhao, D, )	2.09
" Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is known for anti-hypertrophic effects, but low bioavailability makes it unsuitable to exploit its pharmacological properties."	( Nanocurcumin protects cardiomyoblasts H9c2 from hypoxia-induced hypertrophy and apoptosis by improving oxidative balance. Bansal, A; Bhardwaj, V; Ganju, L; Kalra, N; Nehra, S; Saraswat, D; Saxena, S, 2015)	1.89
"This review introduces needed order to the curcumin marketplace by examining bioavailability studies on a number of commercial curcumin ingredients and evaluating them on a level playing field."	( Beyond Yellow Curry: Assessing Commercial Curcumin Absorption Technologies. Clouatre, DL; Douglass, BJ, 2015)	0.94
"Delivery strategies can significantly improve the bioavailability of curcuminoids."	( Beyond Yellow Curry: Assessing Commercial Curcumin Absorption Technologies. Clouatre, DL; Douglass, BJ, 2015)	0.92
" Curcumin has long been recognized as a chemopreventive agent, but poor bioavailability and weak Nrf2 induction have prohibited clinical application."	( A Curcumin Derivative That Inhibits Vinyl Carbamate-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis via Activation of the Nrf2 Protective Response. Chapman, E; Chen, J; Jiang, T; Long, M; Ren, DM; Shen, T; Wong, PK; Zhang, DD; Zhou, B, 2015)	2.05
" Curcumin is characterized by poor bioavailability as it is water-insoluble, is poorly absorbed and is systemically eliminated."	( Influence of particle size on the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of a curcumin lipid nanoemulsion. Andoh, T; Ichikawa, H; Kuriyama, I; Lee-Hiraiwa, E; Mizushina, Y; Onodera, T; Sakamoto, Y, 2015)	1.54
" Nevertheless, curcumin has disadvantages such as poor water solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism, which has prompted the search for analogues that overcome these shortcomings while maintaining or improving their good pharmacological properties."	( Heterocyclic Curcumin Derivatives of Pharmacological Interest: Recent Progress. Araya-Maturana, R; Martinez-Cifuentes, M; Santos, LS; Weiss-Lopez, B, 2015)	1.14
"The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of self-nano phospholipid dispersions (SNPDs) based on Phosal(®) to improve the oral bioavailability of curcumin (CUR)."	( Preparation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of curcumin self-nano phospholipid dispersion as an approach to enhance oral bioavailability. Abdallah, OY; Allam, AN; Fouda, MA; Komeil, IA, 2015)	0.86
" However, most studies focus on the low bioavailability issue of curcumin by nano and microparticles, and thus the role of macrophages in the anticancer mechanism of curcumin has received little attention so far."	( Dendrosomal curcumin suppresses metastatic breast cancer in mice by changing m1/m2 macrophage balance in the tumor microenvironment. Alizadeh, AM; Baradaran, B; Farhanghi, B; Khodayari, H; Khodayari, S; Shanehbandi, D; Shiri, S; Tavassoli, A, 2015)	1.03
" To overcome this problem, several curcumin preparations with a drug-delivery system (DDS) have been developed to increase the bioavailability of curcumin after oral administration, and tested as functional foods and potential medical agents in humans."	( Colloidal submicron-particle curcumin exhibits high absorption efficiency-a double-blind, 3-way crossover study. Doi, O; Funamoto, M; Hasegawa, K; Hirano, S; Hojo, Y; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, E; Morimoto, T; Okamura, N; Ozawa, H; Shimatsu, A; Sunagawa, Y; Suzuki, H; Takashi, T; Ueno, M; Wada, H; Yokoji, T, 2015)	0.99
"In order to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble curcumin, solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) (SEDS) was employed to prepare curcumin nanoparticles for the first time."	( Formation of curcumin nanoparticles via solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO2. Chen, A; Hu, H; Li, G; Li, S; Li, Y; Wang, X; Xie, M; Zhang, J; Zhao, Z, 2015)	1.02
"Those results demonstrated that CUR-CNLC-GEL could become a potential formulation for increasing the bioavailability of CUR in the aqueous humor by enhancing corneal permeation and retention capacity."	( Thermosensitive in situ nanogel as ophthalmic delivery system of curcumin: development, characterization, in vitro permeation and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Chen, J; Fang, S; Liu, C; Liu, R; Sun, L; Wang, S; Xiao, X, 2016)	0.67
" Conclusion:Demethoxycurcumin phospholipid complex have higher bioavailability than free demethoxycurcumin,and their preparations bioequivalence are unqualified."	( [Study on pharmacokinetics of demethoxycurcumin phospholipid complex in rats]. Hu, XY; Luo, JC; Wang, H; Zhang, JQ; Zhang, YH, 2014)	0.99
" As there is no BDMCA sensor available so far, this type of detection is very essential to monitor the pharmacokinetic behavior, the therapeutic dosage, bioavailability and related toxicity of BDMCA in different formulations and samples."	( State of the Art Detection System for Curcumin Analog. Devasena, T; Francis, AP; Jebarani, AH, 2015)	0.69
"This work aimed at improving the solubility of curcumin by the preparation of spray-dried ternary solid dispersions containing Gelucire®50/13-Aerosil® and quantifying the resulting in vivo oral bioavailability and anti-inflammatory activity."	( Microparticles Containing Curcumin Solid Dispersion: Stability, Bioavailability and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Antunes, LM; Bergamaschi, MM; Freitas, LA; Mendonça, LM; Queiroz, RH; Souza, GE; Teixeira, CC, 2016)	0.99
" Curcumin, therefore, could be a therapeutic option for the treatment of these diseases, provided limitations in its oral bioavailability can be overcome."	( The beneficial role of curcumin on inflammation, diabetes and neurodegenerative disease: A recent update. Banerjee, S; Ghosh, S; Sil, PC, 2015)	1.64
"Poor aqueous solubility, potential degradation, rapid metabolism and elimination lead to low bioavailability of pleiotropic impotent curcumin."	( Covalent and non-covalent curcumin loading in acid-responsive polymeric micellar nanocarriers. Chen, C; Fan, A; Gao, M; Kong, D; Wang, Z; Zhang, J; Zhao, Y, 2015)	0.92
" The development in the field of nanomedicine has made excellent progresses toward enhancing the bioavailability of lipophilic drugs like CUR."	( Progress in nanotechnology-based drug carrier in designing of curcumin nanomedicines for cancer therapy: current state-of-the-art. Abdel-Wahab, BA; Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, J; Ahmad, MZ; Akhtar, MS; Akhter, S; Alkahtani, SA; Mohsin, N, 2016)	0.67
"Soluthin MD(®), a unique phosphatidylcholine-maltodextrin based hydrophilic lipopolysaccharide, which exhibits superior biocompatibility and bioavailability enhancer properties for poorly water soluble drug(s)."	( Lipopolysaccharide based oral nanocarriers for the improvement of bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Khan, G; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2015)	0.63
"Curcumin-loaded self-assembled polymeric micelles (Cur-PMs) were designed to increase oral bioavailability of curcumin and investigate the oral absorption mechanism in vitro and in vivo."	( The mechanism of self-assembled mixed micelles in improving curcumin oral absorption: In vitro and in vivo. Ma, W; Tu, P; Wang, J, 2015)	2.1
"Curcumin (CUR), can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells, its extreme insolubility and limited bioavailability restricted its clinical application."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	3.32
"An innovative polymeric nanoparticle of CUR has been developed to enhance the bioavailability and anti-cancer efficacy of CUR, in vitro and in vivo."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	1.88
" ∼91-fold increase in Cmax and ∼95-fold increase in AUC0-12h were observed indicating a significant enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CUR when orally administered as CENPs compared to pure CUR."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	1.88
"The results clearly indicate that the developed polymeric nanoparticles offer a great potential to improve bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drug."	( Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Chaubey, P; Chaurasia, S; Kumar, N; Mishra, B; Patel, RR, 2016)	1.88
" This study shows the potential of designing excipient emulsions to increase the oral bioavailability of curcumin for food and pharmaceutical applications."	( Designing excipient emulsions to increase nutraceutical bioavailability: emulsifier type influences curcumin stability and bioaccessibility by altering gastrointestinal fate. Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Xiao, H; Zou, L, 2015)	0.85
" Even though nano-encapsulation has been widely demonstrated to be effective in enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin, it is not without drawbacks (i."	( Cost-effective alternative to nano-encapsulation: Amorphous curcumin-chitosan nanoparticle complex exhibiting high payload and supersaturation generation. Hadinoto, K; Kiew, TY; Nguyen, MH; Yu, H, 2015)	0.87
" The poor bioavailability of these curcuminoids limits their clinical applications."	( Wound healing: a new perspective on glucosylated tetrahydrocurcumin. Bhaskar Rao, A; Deepthi, SS; Haritha, V; Madhusudan, K; Prasad, E; Ramakrishna, S; Surekha, MV; Venkata Rao, YS, 2015)	0.94
"The bioavailability of CCLP in rats is increased remarkably and Ka is increased in various intestinal segments by CCLP, especially in colon, as well as Peff."	( [Pharmacokinetics and Intestinal Absorption of Curcumin Chitosan Hydrochloride Coated Liposome in Rats]. Hu, XY; Wan, SL; Yang, M; Zhang, JQ; Zhong, M, 2015)	0.67
"The pharmacokinetic results demonstrate that the curcumin bulk drugs prepared into Cur-NS can increase the drug's bioavailability in rats significantly."	( [Preparation of Curcumin Nanosuspensions and Its Pharmacokinetic Behavior in Rats]. Guo, QT; Zhang, XF, 2015)	1.02
" time profile graph, oral bioavailability of SAS-processed CUR was found to be increased approximately 11."	( Experimental investigation and oral bioavailability enhancement of nano-sized curcumin by using supercritical anti-solvent process. Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, N; Akhter, S; Ali, A; Anwar, M; Mohapatra, S; Warsi, MH, 2015)	0.65
" Due to its low absorption and quick elimination from the body, curcumin bioavailability is rather low which poses major problems for the use of curcumin as a therapeutic agent."	( Curcumin micelles improve mitochondrial function in neuronal PC12 cells and brains of NMRI mice - Impact on bioavailability. Eckert, GP; Frank, J; Hagl, S; Kocher, A; Kolesova, N; Schiborr, C, 2015)	2.1
" Piperine, an alkaloid present in black pepper, seems to enhance the bioavailability and activity of curcumin."	( Curcumin in Combination with Piperine Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro. Geurtsen, W; Leyhausen, G; Martins, CA; Volk, J, 2015)	2.08
"These data suggest a potential therapeutic activity for TEx against human colon cancer, most likely due to the enhanced bioavailability of the turmeric."	( An Ethanol Extract of Hawaiian Turmeric: Extensive In Vitro Anticancer Activity Against Human Colon Cancer Cells. Anastasiadou, E; Dimas, K; Houchen, C; Pantazis, P; Ramanujam, RP; Sakellaridis, N; Tsangaris, GT; Tsimplouli, C, 2015)	0.42
" However, the efficacy of curcumin in the clinic has been limited by its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism in vivo."	( Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of long-chain alkoxylated mono-carbonyl analogues of curcumin. Cai, Y; Chen, G; Feng, J; Fu, L; Hui, J; Ji, J; Liang, G; Shi, D; Song, J; Weng, Q, 2015)	0.93
" It has been proved that curcumin is poorly absorbed while piperine is a bioavailability-enhancer."	( Combination of curcumin and piperine prevents formation of gallstones in C57BL6 mice fed on lithogenic diet: whether NPC1L1/SREBP2 participates in this process? Li, M; Li, Y; Tian, Y; Wu, S, 2015)	1.07
" The aims of the present study included the following: 1) examining the therapeutic effect of CM administered via intravenous (iv) injection on RA and 2) formulating the drug into oil-water nanoemulsions (Ns) to overcome the low oral bioavailability of CM and achieve oral delivery of the drug."	( The effect of curcumin and its nanoformulation on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Cai, H; Li, C; Liu, Z; Sun, Y; Zhang, M; Zheng, Z, 2015)	0.78
"Although curcumin is effective in killing cancer cells, its low water solubility and inadequate bioavailability remain major limitations to its therapeutic application."	( Fabrication of Curcumin Micellar Nanoparticles with Enhanced Anti-Cancer Activity. Bebawy, M; Lee, WH; Loo, CY; Luk, F; Mason, RS; Rohanizadeh, R, 2015)	1.19
" The primary factor leading to increased bioavailability is the administration of the drug in a pre-dissolved state thereby avoiding the dissolution limiting step."	( Development of self emulsifying lipid formulations of BCS class II drugs with low to medium lipophilicity. Belotti, S; Chavant, Y; Chevrier, S; Demarne, F; Dumont, C; Jannin, V; Michenaud, M, 2015)	0.42
" Curcumin, a phytochemical compound, was previously reported to have some in vitro anti-HIV and anti-inflammatory activities, but poor bioavailability has limited its clinical utility."	( Inhibition of HIV-1 by curcumin A, a novel curcumin analog. Ammosova, T; Hipolito, M; Ivanov, A; Kulkarni, AA; Kumari, N; Lin, X; McLean, C; Nekhai, S; Nwulia, E, 2015)	1.64
" This may be due to enhanced solubility, dispersibility, and crystallinity of the nanocrystals, which might have enhanced its bioavailability when compared to poorly soluble bulk curcumin."	( Facile Synthesis of Curcumin Nanocrystals and Validation of Its Antioxidant Activity Against Circulatory Toxicity in Wistar Rats. Devasena, T; Rajasekar, A, 2015)	0.93
" The in vitro release of curcumin from the nanoparticle formulation showed a sustained property, while the pharmacokinetics results after oral administration of curcumin loaded lipid cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles in rat showed that the oral absorption of curcumin fitted one-compartment model and relative bioavailability was 395."	( Curcumin-Loaded Lipid Cubic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles: Preparation, Optimization, Physicochemical Properties and Oral Absorption. He, X; Li, Q; Liu, X; Wu, G; Zhai, G, 2015)	2.16
" The development of formulations of curcumin in the form of nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, or phospholipid complexes to enhance its bioavailability and efficacy are still in the early stages."	( An update on Curcuma as a functional food in the control of cancer and inflammation. Bar-Sela, G; Schaffer, M; Schaffer, PM, 2015)	0.69
" An update of the new studies and knowledge from 2011 to March 2015 focuses on new ways to overcome its low bioavailability and data from clinical trials."	( An update on Curcuma as a functional food in the control of cancer and inflammation. Bar-Sela, G; Schaffer, M; Schaffer, PM, 2015)	0.42
" In vivo studies showed significant improvement in bioavailability on pulmonary administration of curcumin micelles as DPI formulation."	( Development of grafted xyloglucan micelles for pulmonary delivery of curcumin: In vitro and in vivo studies. Mahajan, HS; Mahajan, PR, 2016)	0.89
" The data presented here provide insights into curcuminoid colonic metabolism, showing that bacterial breakdown products should be considered in further studies on both bioavailability bioactivity of curcumin."	( The degradation of curcuminoids in a human faecal fermentation model. Augustin, MA; Bresciani, L; Calani, L; Dall'asta, M; Del Rio, D; Faccini, A; Gras, SL; Tan, S, 2015)	1
"Despite its high promise for cancer prevention and therapy, the potential utility of curcumin in cancer is compromised by its low bioavailability and weak potency."	( Preclinical In Vitro, In Vivo, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluations of FLLL12 for the Prevention and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers. Amin, AR; Anisuzzaman, AS; Chen, ZG; Fuchs, JR; Haque, A; Hurwitz, S; Khuri, FR; Liu, Y; Rahman, MA; Shin, DM; Sica, G; Wang, D, 2016)	0.66
"The objective of the current work was to prepare novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles (CUR-MM) of Pluronic F-127 (PF127) and Gelucire® 44/14 (GL44) in order to enhance its oral bioavailability and cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cell line A549."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles in human lung cancer cells. Choudhary, B; Mahadik, K; Patil, S; Rathore, A; Roy, K, 2015)	0.9
" The optimized CUR-MM was evaluated for size, entrapment efficiency (EE), in vitro curcumin release, cytotoxicity and oral bioavailability in rats."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles in human lung cancer cells. Choudhary, B; Mahadik, K; Patil, S; Rathore, A; Roy, K, 2015)	0.88
" Additionally, CUR-MM showed significant improvement in cytotoxic activity (3-folds) and oral bioavailability (around 55-folds) of curcumin as compared to curcumin alone."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of novel curcumin loaded mixed micelles in human lung cancer cells. Choudhary, B; Mahadik, K; Patil, S; Rathore, A; Roy, K, 2015)	0.86
"Curcumin is the major bioactive component of turmeric, but has poor oral bioavailability that limits its clinical applications."	( Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, a Prodrug of Curcumin, in Wistar Rats. Bangphumi, K; Khemawoot, P; Kittiviriyakul, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P, 2016)	2.2
"Curcumin diethyl disuccinate did not significantly improve the oral bioavailability of curcumin due to first pass metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, a Prodrug of Curcumin, in Wistar Rats. Bangphumi, K; Khemawoot, P; Kittiviriyakul, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P, 2016)	2.2
" However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability limit its application in biomedical fields."	( Nano-curcumin prepared via supercritical: Improved anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer efficacy. Chen, A; Chen, Y; Fan, D; He, X; Lan, P; Li, G; Li, J; Li, Y; Li, Z; Lin, X; Xie, M; Zhao, Z; Zhi, M, 2015)	0.93
"2 ng/mL, respectively, but faster elimination and absolute bioavailability of greater than 25%."	( Bioenhanced oral curcumin nanoparticles: Role of carbohydrates. D'Souza, AA; Devarajan, PV, 2016)	0.77
" However, this success is yet to be translated to humans mainly because of its poor oral bioavailability caused by extremely low water solubility."	( Molecular complexation of curcumin with pH sensitive cationic copolymer enhances the aqueous solubility, stability and bioavailability of curcumin. Bhat, GJ; Kesharwani, SS; Kumar, S; Mathur, H; Tummala, H; Tyagi, M, 2016)	0.73
" Although the bioavailability of these compounds is rather poor, they might be used as a lead structure to develop more effective antiviral drugs or might be used topically to prevent CHIKV spread in the skin after mosquito bites."	( Curcumin and Boswellia serrata gum resin extract inhibit chikungunya and vesicular stomatitis virus infections in vitro. Henß, L; Martin, J; Schnierle, BS; Sliva, K; von Rhein, C; Weber, C; Weidner, T, 2016)	1.88
" Targeted nanotization showed higher cardiac bioavailability of Curcumin at a low dose of 5 mg/kg body weight compared to free Curcumin at 35 mg/kg body weight."	( Improved bioavailability of targeted Curcumin delivery efficiently regressed cardiac hypertrophy by modulating apoptotic load within cardiac microenvironment. Banerjee, D; Datta, R; Mitra, A; Naskar, S; Rana, S; Ray, A; Sarkar, S, 2016)	0.95
" Curcumin is known to improve wound healing but its bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency are very low."	( Wound Healing Effect of an in Situ Forming Hydrogel Loading Curcumin-Phospholipid Complex. Du, L; Feng, X; Jin, Y; Xiang, X, 2016)	1.59
"Transmucosal administration of microgranular curcumin leads to enhanced curcumin bioavailability that is associated with significant biological effects."	( Enhanced Systemic Bioavailability of Curcumin Through Transmucosal Administration of a Novel Microgranular Formulation. Abreo, F; Caldito, G; Christy, HT; Dugas, T; Ekshyyan, O; Khandelwal, A; Latimer, B; Lian, T; Ma, X; McClure, G; McMartin, K; Mehta, V; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CA; Nathan, N; Rong, X; Vanchiere, JA, 2015)	0.95
" Several approaches have been adopted to increase the bioavailability of curcumin, including loading curcumin into liposomes or nanoparticles, complexation with phospholipids, addition of essential oils and synthesizing structural analogues of curcumin."	( Systematic and comprehensive investigation of the toxicity of curcuminoid‑essential oil complex: A bioavailable turmeric formulation. Aggarwal, ML; Chacko, KM; Kuruvilla, BT, 2016)	0.91
" However, the fresh approach of targeting early AD pathology (by treating healthy, pre-clinical and mild cognitive impairment-stage cohorts) combined with new curcumin formulations that increase bioavailability is renewing optimism concerning curcumin-based therapy."	( Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Brown, B; Goozee, KG; Martins, RN; Rainey-Smith, SR; Shah, TM; Sohrabi, HR; Verdile, G, 2016)	0.9
" However, low aqueous solubility and instability of curcumin which subsequently affects its bioavailability pose as major impediments in its translation to clinical application."	( Hemocompatible curcumin-dextran micelles as pH sensitive pro-drugs for enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer cells. Bhuvaneshwar, GS; Raveendran, R; Sharma, CP, 2016)	1.04
" Materials and methods This study is devoted to the enhancement of the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin nanoparticles prepared by a process based on a wet-milling technique and then examine in vitro against prostate cancer cell line 3 (PC3), human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK), human erythrocytes (red blood cells (RBCs)), and against fourth different bacterial strains two gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213), two gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853)."	( Enhanced anti-cancer and antimicrobial activities of curcumin nanoparticles. Adahoun, MA; Al-Akhras, MH; Bououdina, M; Jaafar, MS, 2017)	0.92
" These findings suggest that organic core-silica shell microcapsules are promising drug delivery systems with enhanced bioavailability for poorly soluble drugs."	( Core-shell microcapsules of solid lipid nanoparticles and mesoporous silica for enhanced oral delivery of curcumin. Canilho, N; Diab, R; Joubert, O; Kim, S; Pasc, A, 2016)	0.65
" However, their delivery carries several challenges owing to their poor aqueous solubility, photodegradation, chemical instability, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Exploring the use of nanocarrier systems to deliver the magical molecule; Curcumin and its derivatives. Geneidi, AS; Hathout, RM; Mansour, S; Mehanny, M, 2016)	0.67
" The bioavailability of compound 4j was determined in experimental mice."	( Design, synthesis, and antihypertensive activity of curcumin-inspired compounds via ACE inhibition and vasodilation, along with a bioavailability study for possible benefit in cardiovascular diseases. Dong, XB; Du, ZM; Guo, Y; Hu, X; Liao, LZ; Liao, XX; Wang, LC; Zhuang, XD, 2016)	0.68
" The low molecular weight of MTrPP (155kDa; TrPP-13kDa) may increase its bioavailability than TrPP, thus MTrPP may possess higher antiulcer potential."	( Modified pectic polysaccharide from turmeric (Curcuma longa): A potent dietary component against gastric ulcer. Chandra Prakash, SV; Dharmesh, SM; Harsha, MR, 2016)	0.43
" However, it has major drawbacks of very poor bioavailability and solubility."	( An appraisal on recent medicinal perspective of curcumin degradant: Dehydrozingerone (DZG). Hampannavar, GA; Karpoormath, R; Palkar, MB; Shaikh, MS, 2016)	0.69
" Though numerous reasons contribute to the low bioavailability of curcumin, one of the important reasons is associated with biotransformation of curcumin through either conjugation or reduction depending on curcumin administration route."	( Structural Interactions of Curcumin Biotransformed Molecules with the N-Terminal Residues of Cytotoxic-Associated Gene A Protein Provide Insights into Suppression of Oncogenic Activities. Roy, BK; Singh, D; Srivastava, AK, 2017)	0.99
"The purpose of this study was to assess the enhanced physicochemical characteristics, in vitro release behavior, anti-lung cancer activity, gastrointestinal absorption, in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence of functional nanoemulsion-hybrid lipid nanocarriers containing diferuloylmethane (DNHLNs)."	( Functional nanoemulsion-hybrid lipid nanocarriers enhance the bioavailability and anti-cancer activity of lipophilic diferuloylmethane. Feng, J; Hu, X; Sun, L; Wan, K; Yan, Z; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2016)	0.43
"Curcuminoids have low bioavailability due to low aqueous solubility."	( Enhanced Bioaccessibility of Curcuminoids in Buttermilk Yogurt in Comparison to Curcuminoids in Aqueous Dispersions. Ajlouni, S; Augustin, MA; Fu, S; Ng, K; Sanguansri, L; Shen, Z, 2016)	2.17
" The Cmax and mean retention time (MRT0-24) for CUR-MPP-TPGS-MMs were both increased, and the relative bioavailability of micelle formulation to curcumin suspension was 927."	( Evaluation in vitro and in vivo of curcumin-loaded mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles for oral administration. Chu, L; Duan, Y; Liu, W; Tong, HH; Zhai, G; Zhang, B, 2016)	0.91
" However, the main challenge encountered is the low bioavailability of Curcumin."	( Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive potential of curcumin: Current challenges and future perspectives. Kumar, G; Mittal, S; Sak, K; Tuli, HS, 2016)	0.91
" By virtue of its lipophilic nature and low molecular weight, sulforaphane displays significantly higher bioavailability than the polyphenol-based dietary supplements that also activate Nrf2."	( Sulforaphane and Other Nutrigenomic Nrf2 Activators: Can the Clinician's Expectation Be Matched by the Reality? Coombes, JS; Fassett, RG; Houghton, CA, 2016)	0.43
" While the rich bioavailability research of curcumin, BDMC is the poor studies."	( Hepatoprotective Effect and Synergism of Bisdemethoycurcumin against MCD Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Ahn, YS; Cha, SW; Han, SH; Kang, OH; Kim, SB; Kong, R; Kwon, DY; Lee, YS; Seo, YS, 2016)	0.95
" However, its poor systemic bioavailability fails to explain the potent pharmacological effects and hinders its clinical application."	( How does curcumin work with poor bioavailability? Clues from experimental and theoretical studies. An, CY; Ji, HF; Liu, CC; Shen, L, 2016)	0.85
" This compound is better than other antioxidants in preventing cataract but its limited bioavailability can be addressed by employing nanotechnology."	( Cytoprotective mechanism of action of curcumin against cataract. Arumugam, M; Nabavi, SM; Raman, T; Ramar, M; Varsha, MK, 2016)	0.71
"Consumption of 98 mg of highly bioavailable curcuminoids with each principal meal sufficed to achieve curcuminoid accumulation in the blood, was safe, and did not alter blood lipids, inflammation, glucose, or iron homeostasis in healthy subjects with slightly elevated blood cholesterol and C-reactive protein."	( Highly bioavailable micellar curcuminoids accumulate in blood, are safe and do not reduce blood lipids and inflammation markers in moderately hyperlipidemic individuals. Bohnert, L; Frank, J; Kocher, A; Schiborr, C, 2016)	0.99
" This novel nanoparticulate carrier may improve the bioavailability of curcumin without affecting its anticancer properties."	( Fabrication of biodegradable PEG-PLA nanospheres for solubility, stabilization, and delivery of curcumin. Friedman, JM; Liang, H; Nacharaju, P, 2017)	0.91
" This article provides a brief review about the origin, bioavailability and new research on curcumin and synthetized derivatives."	( Curcumin and Health. Moreno-Fernandez, J; Pulido-Moran, M; Ramirez-Tortosa, C; Ramirez-Tortosa, M, 2016)	2.1
" Among many reasons, inefficient systemic delivery and bioavailability of promising chemopreventive agents are considered to significantly contribute to such a disconnection."	( Impact of nanotechnology on the delivery of natural products for cancer prevention and therapy. Sanna, V; Siddiqui, IA, 2016)	0.43
" But limiting factors such as its extremely low oral bioavailability hampers its application as therapeutic agent."	( Oral bioavailability of curcumin: problems and advancements. Che, FY; Chen, W; Heng, X; Liu, W; Sun, D; Zhai, G; Zhai, Y, 2016)	0.74
" Increased effort has been put into the chemical alteration of curcumin to find potential analogues with improved bioavailability and antitumor activities."	( A novel curcuminoid exhibits enhanced antitumor activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Liu, G; Pan, Y; Su, B; Wei, Y; Xiao, J; Zhou, F, 2016)	1.11
" Bioavailability of Cur is limited by its low water solubility, rapid metabolism and low stability."	( Dextran based nanosized carrier for the controlled and targeted delivery of curcumin to liver cancer cells. Anirudhan, TS, 2016)	0.66
"The goal of this study was to assess the enhanced elementary characteristics, in vitro release, anti-cancer cytotoxicity, in situ absorption and in vivo bioavailability of a novel nanoemulsion based lipid nanosystems containing curcumin (CNELNs) when administered orally."	( Novel nanoemulsion based lipid nanosystems for favorable in vitro and in vivo characteristics of curcumin. Hu, X; Sun, L; Wan, K; Yan, Z; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y, 2016)	0.84
" Considering the recent understanding on the relatively high bioactivities and blood-brain-barrier permeability of free curcuminoids over their conjugated metabolites, the present human study investigated the safety, antioxidant efficacy, and bioavailability of CurQfen (curcumagalactomannoside [CGM]), a food-grade formulation of natural curcumin with fenugreek dietary fiber that has shown to possess improved blood-brain-barrier permeability and tissue distribution in rats."	( Safety, Tolerance, and Enhanced Efficacy of a Bioavailable Formulation of Curcumin With Fenugreek Dietary Fiber on Occupational Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Gopinathan Nair, G; Im, K; Jacob, D; Kuttan, R; Maliakel, A; Maliakel, B; Natinga Mulakal, J; Pandaran Sudheeran, S, 2016)	0.87
"Curcumin (Ccm) has shown immense potential as an antimalarial agent; however its low solubility and less bioavailability attenuate the in vivo efficacy of this potent compound."	( Short peptide based nanotubes capable of effective curcumin delivery for treating drug resistant malaria. Alam, S; Chauhan, VS; Mukherjee, TK; Panda, JJ, 2016)	2.13
" These activities, associated to a good predictive bioavailability and a lack of cytotoxicity, design it as a promising hit for further in vivo investigation."	( Novel benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones with pleiotropic activities potentially useful in Alzheimer's disease treatment. Corvaisier, S; Cresteil, T; Dallemagne, P; El Kihel, L; Jourdan, JP; Lecoutey, C; Legay, R; Malzert-Fréon, A; Rochais, C; Since, M; Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos, J, 2016)	0.43
"Curcumin, a phytochemical present in the rhizome of Curcuma longa is well known for its anti-inflammatory activity; however, the main drawback is its poor bioavailability which limits its therapeutic approval."	( Ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation lead to structural alterations in mouse model and protective effects of intranasal curcumin: A comparative study. Chauhan, PS; Singh, R, )	1.78
"Curcumin is a potential natural anticancer drug with low oral bioavailability because of poor water solubility."	( Synthesis, characterization and fluorescent properties of water-soluble glycopolymer bearing curcumin pendant residues. Ba, X; Bai, L; Wang, S; Wu, Y; Yu, M; Zhang, H, 2016)	2.1
"We combine quantum chemical and molecular docking techniques to provide new insights into how piperine molecule in various forms of pepper enhances bioavailability of a number of drugs including curcumin in turmeric for which it increases its bioavailability by a 20-fold."	( Quantum Chemical and Docking Insights into Bioavailability Enhancement of Curcumin by Piperine in Pepper. Balasubramanian, K; Das, S; Patil, VM, 2016)	0.85
" Curcumin is a potential anticancer agent with p-glycoprotein (p-gp) inhibiting activity may be co-administered with docetaxel as a nanosuspension to enhance its anticancer effect by increasing the oral bioavailability and decreasing drug efflux."	( Curcumin-docetaxel co-loaded nanosuspension for enhanced anti-breast cancer activity. Baishya, R; Bharadwaj, R; Das, MK; Dash, S; Hazarika, H; Loying, P; Sahu, BP, 2016)	2.79
" However, its hydrophobic nature affects its bioavailability and bioactivity, and limits nutraceutical applications."	( Synergistic radical scavenging potency of curcumin-in-β-cyclodextrin-in-nanomagnetoliposomes. Aadinath, W; Anandharamakrishnan, C; Bhushani, A, 2016)	0.7
" We also present curcumin biosynthesis, source, bioavailability and metabolism in order to give an overview of this compound."	( Curcumin, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy: Exploring recent data and indicating future needs. de Oliveira, MR; Jardim, FR; Nabavi, SF; Nabavi, SM; Setzer, WN, )	1.91
" In chronic Cd exposure, these antioxidants protect vascular endothelium by increasing nitric oxide (NO•) bioavailability and improving vascular function."	( Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Dysfunction Associated with Cadmium Exposure: Beneficial Effects of Curcumin and Tetrahydrocurcumin. Apaijit, K; Kukongviriyapan, U; Kukongviriyapan, V, 2016)	0.65
" In conclusion, ECNPs are significantly safe and exhibit higher bioavailability thus constitute an effective MPT against HIV."	( Triple combination MPT vaginal microbicide using curcumin and efavirenz loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles. Bhaskar, C; Kishore, G; Kondapi, AK; Kumar, P; Lakshmi, YS, 2016)	0.69
"Curcumin, a widely studied hydrophobic polyphenol with anticancer potential is loaded in gum arabic aldehyde-gelatin (GA Ald-Gel) nanogels to improve its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy towards cancer cells."	( Curcumin loaded gum arabic aldehyde-gelatin nanogels for breast cancer therapy. Nirmala, RJ; Sarika, PR, 2016)	3.32
"Nanocrystals have received considerable attention in dermal application due to their ability to enhance delivery to the skin and overcome bioavailability issues caused by poor water and oil drug solubility."	( Nanocrystals for dermal penetration enhancement - Effect of concentration and underlying mechanisms using curcumin as model. Hanuš, J; Müller, RH; Romero, GB; Štěpánek, F; Vidlářová, L, 2016)	0.65
" However, Cur is lipophilic and has a poor systemic bioavailability and poor absorption."	( Evaluation of MiR-34 Family and DNA Methyltransferases 1, 3A, 3B Gene Expression Levels in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Treatment with Dendrosomal Nanocurcumin. Babashah, S; Chamani, F; Masoumi, M; Sadeghizadeh, M, 2016)	0.63
" However, low bioavailability and poor stability of CUR hinders its application."	( Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles impregnated into collagen-alginate scaffolds for diabetic wound healing. Karri, VV; Kollipara, R; Kuppusamy, G; Malayandi, R; Mannemala, SS; Mulukutla, S; Raju, KR; Talluri, SV; Wadhwani, AD, 2016)	1.88
"Many hydrophobic drugs encounter severe bioavailability issues owing to their low aqueous solubility and limited cellular uptake."	( Cell Permeating Nano-Complexes of Amphiphilic Polyelectrolytes Enhance Solubility, Stability, and Anti-Cancer Efficacy of Curcumin. Bhagat, SD; Chanchal, A; Fatima, MT; Gujrati, M; Mishra, RK; Srivastava, A; Yavvari, PS, 2016)	0.64
" The findings still need to be further explored and clinical reports share some controversial results that might be associated with its low systemic bioavailability following oral administration."	( Curcumin in depressive disorders: An overview of potential mechanisms, preclinical and clinical findings. Bastos, CR; Gazal, M; Ghisleni, G; Kaster, MP; Kaufmann, FN, 2016)	1.88
" Pharmacokinetic results showed that the plasma curcumin level of turmeric extract-fed mice was the highest, suggesting turmeric extract had the best bioavailability of curcumin."	( Combined therapy using bevacizumab and turmeric ethanolic extract (with absorbable curcumin) exhibited beneficial efficacy in colon cancer mice. Chan, KM; Fung, KP; Gao, S; Jiang, L; Kwok, HF; Lau, CB; Lee, JK; Leung, PC; Li, L; Wong, EC; Wong, HL; Yue, GG; Zuo, Z, 2016)	0.92
"The aim of our study was development of advanced third generation Curcumin self microemulsifying composition solid dispersion (Cur SMEC-SD) with high drug loading, improved stability, rapid in-vitro dissolution and enhanced bioavailability for improved therapy of rheumatoid arthritis."	( Solid Dispersion of Curcumin as Polymeric Films for Bioenhancement and Improved Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Bachhav, SS; Devarajan, PV; Mande, PP, 2016)	0.99
" However, curcumin has a low oral bioavailability that may limit its maximal benefits."	( Curcumin: A new candidate for melanoma therapy? Banikazemi, Z; Mirzaei, H; Mirzaei, HR; Mohammadi, M; Naseri, G; Pawelek, JM; Peyvandi, M; Rezaee, R; Sahebkar, A; Salehi, H, 2016)	2.28
" To overcome the poor oral bioavailability of both compounds and improve patient compliance, a novel self-microemulsifying formulation containing curcumin together with resveratrol was developed."	( A Novel Self-Microemulsifying System for the Simultaneous Delivery and Enhanced Oral Absorption of Curcumin and Resveratrol. Jaisamut, P; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Wiwattanawongsa, K, 2017)	0.87
"The oral bioavailability of curcuminoids is low, but can be enhanced by incorporation into micelles."	( Intratumoral Concentrations and Effects of Orally Administered Micellar Curcuminoids in Glioblastoma Patients. Dützmann, S; Frank, J; Franz, K; Geßler, F; Hattingen, E; Kocher, A; Pilatus, U; Quick-Weller, J; Schiborr, C; Seifert, V; Senft, C; Weissenberger, J, )	0.66
" Hence, in order to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin, we combined it with the bioavailability enhancers like piperine and quercetin."	( Influence of piperine and quercetin on antidiabetic potential of curcumin. Chintamaneni, M; Invally, M; Kaur, G, 2016)	0.92
"This work aimed at finding an innovative vesicle-type formulation able to improve the bioavailability of curcumin upon oral administration."	( Freeze-dried eudragit-hyaluronan multicompartment liposomes to improve the intestinal bioavailability of curcumin. Caddeo, C; Catalan-Latorre, A; Diez-Sales, O; Ennas, G; Escribano-Ferrer, E; Fadda, AM; Manca, ML; Manconi, M; Marongiu, F; Peris, JE; Ravaghi, M, 2016)	0.86
"The fact that 74% of the cancer drugs are derived from natural sources, naturally occurring polyphenols or its simple analogs with improved bioavailability may have the potential to be cancer drugs in the future."	( Polyphenol compounds and PKC signaling. Das, J; Ramani, R; Suraju, MO, 2016)	0.43
" However, the diarylheptanoids isolated from the plant rhizome are shown to have low oral bioavailability and faster elimination characteristics."	( Effects of Vehicles and Enhancers on the Skin Permeation of Phytoestrogenic Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma comosa. Jaipakdee, N; Limpongsa, E; Sripanidkulchai, B; Tuntiyasawasdikul, S, 2017)	0.46
" Due to the fact that curcumin is poorly soluble in water, many delivery systems have been developed to improve its solubility and bioavailability achieving optimum therapeutic application."	( In Vitro Study of a Liposomal Curcumin Formulation (Lipocurc™): Toxicity and Biological Activity in Synovial Fibroblasts and Macrophages. Gober, L; Helson, L; Kloesch, B; Loebsch, S; Steiner, G; Vcelar, B, )	0.73
"To improve bioavailability and enhance colon cancer prevention ability of curcumin, whey protein was used to nanoencapsulate at three different ratios such as 70:30, 50:50 and 35:65 for the first time."	( Enhanced colon cancer chemoprevention of curcumin by nanoencapsulation with whey protein. Chidambara Murthy, KN; Jayaprakasha, GK; Patil, BS, 2016)	0.93
"Curcumin (CUR), the main polyphenol in turmeric, is poorly absorbed and rapidly metabolized following oral administration, which severely curtails its bioavailability."	( Metabolic fate of poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based curcumin nanoparticles following oral administration. Harigae, T; Ikeda, I; Inoue, N; Kimura, F; Miyazawa, T; Nakagawa, K, 2016)	2.12
"These findings provide a better understanding of the bioavailability of CUR and CUR-NP following oral administration."	( Metabolic fate of poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based curcumin nanoparticles following oral administration. Harigae, T; Ikeda, I; Inoue, N; Kimura, F; Miyazawa, T; Nakagawa, K, 2016)	0.68
" However, curcumin is neither well absorbed nor well retained in the blood, resulting in low efficacy."	( Synthesis and Characterization of Curcumin-Functionalized HP-β-CD-Modified GoldMag Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Agents. Cui, Y; Hou, P; Jin, Y; Lian, T; Luo, Z; Peng, M; Van de Ven, WJ; Vermorken, AJ; Wan, Y, 2016)	1.12
"Curcumin can inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer cells; however, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles, which are attributed to its instability under physiological conditions, have limited its application in anticancer therapy."	( A novel double carbonyl analog of curcumin induces the apoptosis of human lung cancer H460 cells via the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway. Liang, G; Qiu, P; Ren, J; Shi, L; Wang, Z; Wei, X; Wu, J; Yang, L; Yao, S; Ye, H; Zhang, S, 2016)	2.16
" On the basis of these results, several researchers tested the anticancer effects of curcumin in clinical trials, trying to overcome the poor bioavailability of this agent by developing new bioavailable forms of curcumin."	( Curcumin AntiCancer Studies in Pancreatic Cancer. Barbieri, A; Bimonte, S; de Angelis, C; Giudice, A; Granata, V; Izzo, F; Leongito, M; Palaia, R; Piccirillo, M; Pivonello, C, 2016)	2.1
"The tri-component system curcumin/α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was developed to improve the oral bioavailability and physicochemical properties of curcumin (CUR)."	( Hybridization of polyvinylpyrrolidone to a binary composite of curcumin/α-glucosyl stevia improves both oral absorption and photochemical stability of curcumin. Kadota, K; Okamoto, D; Onoue, S; Otsu, S; Sato, H; Tozuka, Y, 2016)	0.98
"Poor water solubility and low bioavailability of lipophilic drugs can be potentially improved with the use of delivery systems."	( Encapsulation of curcumin in polyelectrolyte nanocapsules and their neuroprotective activity. Jantas, D; Lasoń, W; Leśkiewicz, M; Piotrowski, M; Regulska, M; Staroń, J; Szczepanowicz, K; Warszyński, P, 2016)	0.77
" However, little is known about variations in its pharmacokinetics and tissue bioavailability between formulations."	( Randomized Pharmacokinetic Crossover Study Comparing 2 Curcumin Preparations in Plasma and Rectal Tissue of Healthy Human Volunteers. Asher, GN; Dossou, KS; Hawke, RL; Kashuba, AD; Moaddel, R; Sandler, RS; Sanghvi, M; Xie, Y, 2017)	0.7
" However, low aqueous solubility and consequent poor bioavailability of curcuminoids are major limitations to their use."	( Facile preparation of water soluble curcuminoids extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder by using steviol glucosides. Chung, B; Chung, D; Kang, C; Kim, D; Nguyen, TTH; Si, J, 2017)	0.96
" However, silibinin has poor absorbance and bioavailability due to low water solubility, thereby limiting its clinical applications and therapeutic efficiency."	( Modulatory effects of silibinin in various cell signaling pathways against liver disorders and cancer - A comprehensive review. Bai, G; Chu, Y; Gu, N; Li, S; Li, T; Li, W; Liu, C; Polachi, N; Sun, H; Wang, X; Wu, J; Zhang, Y; Zhou, S, 2016)	0.43
"Curcumin with a vast number of pharmacological activities is a poorly water soluble drug which its oral bioavailability is profoundly limited by its dissolution or solubility in GI tract."	( Antisolvent precipitation technique: A very promising approach to crystallize curcumin in presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidon for solubility and dissolution enhancement. Abbaspour, M; Ashofteh, M; Garekani, HA; Homayouni, A; Nokhodchi, A; Sadeghi, F, 2016)	2.11
" Unfortunately, most curcuminoids poorly reach their site of action because of low bioavailability issues, (partly) associated with the labile β-diketo structure."	( Synthesis of novel curcuminoids accommodating a central β-enaminone motif and their impact on cell growth and oxidative stress. D'hooghe, M; D'hoore, S; De Vreese, R; Grootaert, C; Theppawong, A; Van Bogaert, M; Van Camp, J; Van Damme, S, 2016)	1.08
" In order to improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy, curcumin is encapsulated in alginate aldehyde-gelatin (Alg Ald-Gel) nanogels."	( Preparation, characterization and biological evaluation of curcumin loaded alginate aldehyde-gelatin nanogels. James, NR; P R, AK; P R, S; Raj, DK, 2016)	0.91
" Our results elucidate that CMG showed improved bioavailability than CUR in N27 cells."	( Curcumin Monoglucoside Shows Improved Bioavailability and Mitigates Rotenone Induced Neurotoxicity in Cell and Drosophila Models of Parkinson's Disease. Misra, K; Naveen Kumar, HN; Pandareesh, MD; Shrivash, MK; Srinivas Bharath, MM, 2016)	1.88
"Curcumin (CUR) and celecoxib (CLX) are two highly hydrophobic drugs which show bioavailability problems due to their poor aqueous solubility."	( Inulin based micelles loaded with curcumin or celecoxib with effective anti-angiogenic activity. Annese, T; Chlapanidas, T; Mandracchia, D; Ribatti, D; Ruggieri, S; Trapani, A; Trapani, G; Tripodo, G, 2016)	2.16
" We hypothesized that Theracurmin(®), a highly absorptive curcumin with improved bioavailability using a drug delivery system, ameliorates the inflammatory status in subjects with mild COPD."	( Highly absorptive curcumin reduces serum atherosclerotic low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with mild COPD. Funamoto, M; Hasegawa, K; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Komiyama, M; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, T; Satoh-Asahara, N; Sunagawa, Y; Wada, H; Yamakage, H, 2016)	1.01
" The present study involves formulation of curcumin and piperine coloaded glyceryl monooleate (GMO) nanoparticles coated with various surfactants with a view to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin and penetration of both drugs to the brain tissue crossing the BBB and to enhance the anti-parkinsonism effect of both drugs in a single platform."	( Delivery of Dual Drug Loaded Lipid Based Nanoparticles across the Blood-Brain Barrier Impart Enhanced Neuroprotection in a Rotenone Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Das, M; Kundu, P; Sahoo, SK; Tripathy, K, 2016)	0.7
" However, poor oral bioavailability is the major hurdle in its clinical application."	( A combination of complexation and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for enhancing oral bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Arya, A; Dwivedi, AK; Jaiswal, S; Lal, J; Sharma, A; Shukla, M; Srivastava, PK, 2017)	0.66
" The combined use of both the approaches has been explored for the first time to enhance the oral bioavailability and in turn increase the anticancer activity of curcumin."	( A combination of complexation and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for enhancing oral bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Arya, A; Dwivedi, AK; Jaiswal, S; Lal, J; Sharma, A; Shukla, M; Srivastava, PK, 2017)	0.85
"As evident from the pharmacokinetic studies and in situ single pass intestinal perfusion studies in Sprague-Dawley rats, the optimized SNEDDS of curcumin-phospholipid complex has shown enhanced oral absorption and bioavailability of curcumin."	( A combination of complexation and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for enhancing oral bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin. Arya, A; Dwivedi, AK; Jaiswal, S; Lal, J; Sharma, A; Shukla, M; Srivastava, PK, 2017)	0.86
" Furthermore, the potential preventive activity of curcumin and resveratrol should be evaluated in long-term exposure clinical trials, using preparations with high bioavailability and that are well standardized."	( Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What is the Clinical Evidence? Di Giacomo, S; Mazzanti, G, 2016)	2.13
" In its free form, it is very poorly absorbed in the gut due to its very low solubility."	( Enhanced Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Phosphatidylcholine Modified with Medium Chain Fatty Acids. Cavazos-Garduño, A; García, HS; Hernández-Becerra, JA; Ochoa-Flores, AA; Sanchez-Otero, MG; Soto-Rodríguez, I; Vernon-Carter, EJ, 2017)	0.75
"These data support the role of phosphatidylcholine enriched with medium chain fatty acids to increase the bioavailability of nanoemulsions for therapeutic applications."	( Enhanced Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Phosphatidylcholine Modified with Medium Chain Fatty Acids. Cavazos-Garduño, A; García, HS; Hernández-Becerra, JA; Ochoa-Flores, AA; Sanchez-Otero, MG; Soto-Rodríguez, I; Vernon-Carter, EJ, 2017)	0.75
"Nanosuspension is one of the most promising strategies to improve the oral bioavailability of insoluble drugs."	( A cost-effective method to prepare curcumin nanosuspensions with enhanced oral bioavailability. Ding, Y; Li, L; Wang, C; Wang, Y; Zhao, J, 2017)	0.73
" The oral bioavailability of curcumin in humans is very low, mainly due to low solubility, poor stability, and extensive metabolism."	( Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability Via the Prodrug Approach: Challenges and Prospects. El-Magboub, A; Haworth, IS; Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, P; Rojsitthisak, P, 2017)	1.1
"Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems can resolve the poor bioavailability issue allied with curcumin."	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	2.09
"Curcumin has multiple pharmacologic effects, but its poor bioavailability reduces its therapeutic effects."	( Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Bhattacharya, MK; Choudhury, MD; Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2016)	3.32
" To progress the bioavailability and water solubility of CUR, we synthesized five series of mono methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) diblock copolymers."	( Pharmacokinetics and in vivo delivery of curcumin by copolymeric mPEG-PCL micelles. Attari, E; Danafar, H; Ghasemi, P; Kheiri Manjili, H; Malvandi, H; Mousavi, MS, 2017)	0.72
" This review comprehensively explores curcumin's chemistry and pharmacology followed by comparing and contrasting a vast number of strategies designed to enhance curcumin's bioavailability and its therapeutic effects."	( Bringing Curcumin to the Clinic in Cancer Prevention: a Review of Strategies to Enhance Bioavailability and Efficacy. Brenner, DE; Hagras, MM; Mahran, RI; Sun, D, 2017)	1.14
" However, efficacy of curcumin treatment is limited because of the low bioavailability of curcumin when ingested."	( Computationally efficient analysis of particle transport and deposition in a human whole-lung-airway model. Part II: Dry powder inhaler application. Kleinstreuer, C; Kolanjiyil, AV; Sadikot, RT, 2017)	0.77
" Cellular uptake experiments showed that the hybrid liposomes significantly increased the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Hybrid liposomes composed of amphiphilic chitosan and phospholipid: Preparation, stability and bioavailability as a carrier for curcumin. Chen, X; Hu, X; Li, Z; Liu, C; Liu, W; Peng, S; Zou, L, 2017)	0.87
" In that respect, augmenting the water solubility by structural modification of the curcumin scaffold may result in improved bioavailability and pharmacokinetics."	( Synthesis and biological assessment of novel N-(hydroxy/methoxy)alkyl β-enaminone curcuminoids. D'hooghe, M; De Vreese, R; Grootaert, C; Theppawong, A; Van Camp, J; Vannecke, L, 2016)	0.88
"Self-assembling mixed polymeric micelles (saMPMs) were developed for overcoming major obstacles of poor bioavailability (BA) associated with curcumin delivery."	( Development and Characterization of Lecithin-based Self-assembling Mixed Polymeric Micellar (saMPMs) Drug Delivery Systems for Curcumin. Chen, LC; Chen, YC; Ho, HO; Sheu, MT; Su, CY; Wong, WP, 2016)	0.84
" Also, the characteristics of some semisynthetic analogues of this ferulic acid derivative, characterized by a higher polarity and better bioavailability will be discussed."	( Recent Advances in Obesity: The Role of Turmeric Tuber and Its Metabolites in the Prophylaxis and Therapeutical Strategies. Jarząb, A; Kukula-Koch, W, 2018)	0.48
"Structural transitions involving shape changes play an important role in cellular physiology and enhance the bioavailability of the natural food like curcumin in surfactant aggregates."	( Localization and dynamics of the anticarcinogenic curcumin with GM Chakrabarti, A; Mandal, M; Mukhopadhyay, C; Patra, M, 2017)	0.91
" The nanoparticles were used to improve the bioavailability of curcumin in mice through oral administration."	( Amine functionalized cubic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as an oral delivery system for curcumin bioavailability enhancement. Hadisoewignyo, L; Hartono, SB; Meka, AK; Yang, Y; Yu, C, 2016)	0.9
"Curcumin (CUR) is known to exert numerous health-promoting effects in pharmacological studies, but its low bioavailability hinders the development of curcumin as a feasible therapeutic agent."	( Selective reduction in the expression of UGTs and SULTs, a novel mechanism by which piperine enhances the bioavailability of curcumin in rat. Cai, D; Chen, Y; Chen, Z; Gan, H; Huang, D; Huang, X; Sun, D; Yao, N; Zeng, Q; Zeng, X; Zhang, C; Zhao, Z; Zhong, G; Zhuo, J, 2017)	2.1
"This study aimed to investigate the particle size effect on bioactivity, cellular internalization and bioavailability of curcumin (CUR) nanosuspension (CUR-NS)."	( Particle size effect of curcumin nanosuspensions on cytotoxicity, cellular internalization, in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Bi, C; Chow, AH; Chow, SF; Liao, YH; Miao, XQ; Wu, WJ; Yan, R; Zheng, Y, 2017)	0.97
" In addition, several studies have demonstrated that curcumin is safe even at dosages as high as 8g per day; however, instability at physiological pH, low solubility in water and rapid metabolism results in a low oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Phytosomal curcumin: A review of pharmacokinetic, experimental and clinical studies. Banikazemi, Z; Jalili, A; Mirzaei, H; Rashidi, B; Sahebkar, A; Shakeri, A, 2017)	1.09
"The incorporation of hydrophobic drugs into liposomes improve their bioavailability and leads to increased stability and anticancer activity, along with decreased drug toxicity."	( Long-Circulating Curcumin-Loaded Liposome Formulations with High Incorporation Efficiency, Stability and Anticancer Activity towards Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines In Vitro. Filipczak, N; Gubernator, J; Janicka, M; Mahmud, M; Piwoni, A, 2016)	0.77
" The potential benefits are, however, limited due to its poor water solubility and rapid degradation which result in low bioavailability on administration."	( Curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes linked to homing peptides for integrin targeting and neuropilin-1-mediated internalization. Balalaie, S; Haririan, I; Kangarlou, S; Ramezanpour, S; Roudbar Mohammadi, S, 2017)	1.9
"Curcumin (CUR) has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, yet problems of its bioavailability remained a major challenge in preclinical studies."	( Biocompatibility and drug release behavior of curcumin conjugated gold nanoparticles from aminosilane-functionalized electrospun poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) fibers. Gunawan, F; Ismadji, S; Kurniawan, A; Nugraha, AT; Wang, MJ, 2017)	2.16
" The implementation of safe, beneficial and highly functional compounds from natural sources in human nutrition/prevention/therapy requires some modifications in order to achieve their multi-functionality, improve their bioavailability and delivery strategies, with the main aim to enhance their effectiveness."	( Curcumin, a Compound from Natural Sources, a True Scientific Challenge - A Review. Stanić, Z, 2017)	1.9
" This review provides an overview of the recent research conducted to overcome the problems with the bioavailability of curcumin, and of the preclinical and clinical studies that have reported success in combinatorial strategies coupling curcumin with other treatments."	( Anticancer Activity of Curcumin and Its Analogues: Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Allegra, A; Alonci, A; Gerace, D; Innao, V; Musolino, C; Russo, S, 2017)	0.97
" Innovative curcumin formulations based on the nanotechnology approach allowed improving both bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy."	( Recent progress on curcumin-based therapeutics: a patent review (2012-2016). Part I: Curcumin. Abruzzo, A; Belluti, F; Bisi, A; Di Martino, RM; Gobbi, S; Luppi, B; Rampa, A, 2017)	1.16
" Additionally, we mentioned the approaches that are currently being implemented to improve the bioavailability of this promising natural product in diabetes therapeutics."	( Tiny molecule, big power: Multi-target approach for curcumin in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Arumugam, S; Bose, RJ; Giridharan, VV; Karuppagounder, V; Konishi, T; Palaniyandi, SS; Sreedhar, R; Thandavarayan, RA; Vanama, J; Watanabe, K, 2017)	0.71
" Its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability are often overcome by using micelles and vesicles as its carriers."	( Heat-induced solubilization of curcumin in kinetically stable pluronic P123 micelles and vesicles: An exploit of slow dynamics of the micellar restructuring processes in the aqueous pluronic system. Aswal, VK; Ballal, A; Barick, KC; Dutta, B; Ganguly, R; Hassan, PA; Kumar, S; Kunwar, A, 2017)	0.74
" The aim of this study was to increase the bioavailability and the antitumoral activity of curcumin, by entrapping it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)."	( Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers To Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Augello, G; Azzolina, A; Bachvarov, D; Bondì, ML; Botto, C; Cavallaro, G; Cervello, M; Craparo, EF; Di Gaudio, F; Emma, MR, 2017)	0.92
" The problem associated with the poor oral bioavailability of standard curcumin also requires consideration."	( Curcumin for neuropsychiatric disorders: a review of in vitro, animal and human studies. Lopresti, AL, 2017)	2.13
" Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) is a novel route to improve oral bioavailability of lipophilic drugs."	( In vivo evaluation of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for curcumin. Heli, H; Moezi, L; Nazari-Vanani, R, 2017)	0.69
"This study aims at developing a simple and effective drug delivery system for CUR to enhance its solubility and bioavailability thus to improve its antitumor efficacy."	( High drug payload curcumin nanosuspensions stabilized by mPEG-DSPE and SPC: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Hong, J; Kuang, H; Liao, Y; Liu, Y; Su, W; Wang, X; Xiao, Y; Yang, X; Zhang, M, 2017)	0.79
" Furthermore, cellular studies confirmed PCur had low cytotoxicity and increased transmembrane permeability, resulting in improved oral bioavailability evidenced by in vivo pharmacokinetics of rats."	( Orally delivered polycurcumin responsive to bacterial reduction for targeted therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Chen, J; Chen, Z; Di, L; Fang, D; Gao, Y; Kang, C; Li, J; Qiao, H; Sun, Y, 2017)	0.77
" The low oral bioavailability of curcumin has led to the development of curcumin analogues, such as EF24, with greater anti-tumor efficacy and metabolic stability."	( Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Lelli, D; Pedone, C; Sahebkar, A, 2017)	2.18
" However, the rather low systemic bioavailability resulted from its poor solubility in water and fast metabolism/excretion in vivo has hampered its applications in cancer therapy."	( Curcumin-Loaded Blood-Stable Polymeric Micelles for Enhancing Therapeutic Effect on Erythroleukemia. Chen, D; Ge, J; Gong, F; Li, J; Ning, X; Shen, YL; Teng, X; Wang, S, 2017)	1.9
" However, normal curcumin preparations demonstrate low bioavailability in vivo."	( High bioavailability curcumin: an anti-inflammatory and neurosupportive bioactive nutrient for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by chronic neuroinflammation. Gyengesi, E; Liang, A; Münch, G; Niedermayer, G; Rangel, A; Ullah, F, 2017)	1.11
" In this study, we investigated the bioavailability of a new γ-cyclodextrin curcumin formulation (CW8)."	( Analysis of different innovative formulations of curcumin for improved relative oral bioavailability in human subjects. Lowery, RP; Mannan, H; Münch, G; Purpura, M; Razmovski-Naumovski, V; Wilson, JM, 2018)	0.96
" Curcumin is a well-known natural product with anticancer ability, however, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles have limited its application in anticancer therapy."	( Curcumin analog L48H37 induces apoptosis through ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and STAT3 pathways in human lung cancer cells. Dai, X; Feng, C; Hu, J; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Pan, J; Ruan, Y; Shen, M; Xia, Y; Ying, S; Zhuge, W; Zou, P, 2017)	2.81
"Curcumin is a poorly water-soluble drug, and its oral bioavailability is very low."	( Fabrication of a Soybean Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) Nanodelivery Carrier To Improve Bioavailability of Curcumin. Cheng, F; Liu, C; Yang, X, 2017)	2.11
" Poor bioavailability of curcumin has precluded the establishment of a causal relationship between oral supplementation and it is in vivo effects."	( Curcumin improves intestinal barrier function: modulation of intracellular signaling, and organization of tight junctions. Ghosh, S; Ghosh, SS; Wang, J, 2017)	2.2
" However, it is suffered from its low water solubility and low bioavailability property, which seriously restricts its clinical application."	( A Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Curcumin Supramolecular Hydrogel for liver tumor targeting therapy. Cai, Y; Chen, G; Gao, J; Li, J; Shi, Y; Song, M; Yang, Z; Zhan, J, 2017)	0.74
" However, co-administration of curcumin did not produce any significant alteration in the bioavailability parameters of indomethacin and acemetacin after administration of either the active compound or the prodrug."	( Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Chávez-Piña, AE; Cruz-Antonio, L; Estela Díaz-Triste, N; Medina-Aymerich, L; Zazueta-Beltrán, L, 2017)	0.95
"Curcumin exhibits a protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric damage, but does not produce a reduction of the bioavailability of this nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin."	( Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats. Castañeda-Hernández, G; Chávez-Piña, AE; Cruz-Antonio, L; Estela Díaz-Triste, N; Medina-Aymerich, L; Zazueta-Beltrán, L, 2017)	2.11
" Poor bioavailability of curcumin is the principal reason behind the lack of efficiency of curcumin in clinical trials."	( Curcumin Nanotechnologies and Its Anticancer Activity. Narala, VR; Panati, K; Subramani, PA, 2017)	2.2
"Hence, it concludes that the presence of adjuvant act as an enhancer can increase the bioavailability of curcumin for achieving maximum effectiveness."	( Anti Inflammatory and Anti Arthritic Activity of Different Milk Based Formulation of Curcumin in Rat Model. Ipshita, C; Manu, S; Rachna, K; Samrat, C; Sumeet, G; Vikas, J, 2018)	0.92
" However, its instability, extremely low aqueous solubility and bioavailability in physiological fluids may make it difficult to maintain local Cur concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for burn infection treatment."	( Collagen-cellulose nanocrystal scaffolds containing curcumin-loaded microspheres on infected full-thickness burns repair. Cheng, B; Guo, R; Lan, Y; Ramakrishna, S; Wang, C; Xue, W; Zhang, Y, 2017)	0.71
"Developing drug formulations for poorly water-soluble drugs is a major challenge for pharmaceutical industries as the poor water solubility limits bioavailability of these drugs."	( Continuous production of aqueous suspensions of ultra-fine particles of curcumin using ultrasonically driven mixing device. Chatte, A; Dalvi, S; Pandey, K, 2018)	0.71
" Hepcidin is upregulated during inflammation through the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transduction pathway, which decreases iron bioavailability and may explain the anemia of chronic inflammatory disease."	( Curcuma decreases serum hepcidin levels in healthy volunteers: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Bardou-Jacquet, E; Collet, N; Fatih, N; Hamon, C; Jezequel, C; Lainé, F; Laviolle, B; Loréal, O; Morcet, J; Reymann, JM; Ropert, M, 2017)	0.46
" This system could considerably increase the accumulation of curcumin in cancer cells for enhanced curcumin bioavailability via simultaneously promoting the cellular internalization of the as-synthesized composite (TPGS-BCNPs@curcumin) by the size effect of NPs and considerably triggering controlled curcumin release from TPGS-BCNPs@curcumin by NIR stimulation and reducing efflux of curcumin by the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition of TPGS, so as to enhance the therapeutic effect of curcumin and realize a better chemo-photothermal synergetic therapy in vitro and in vivo."	( Therapeutic Nanoparticles Based on Curcumin and Bamboo Charcoal Nanoparticles for Chemo-Photothermal Synergistic Treatment of Cancer and Radioprotection of Normal Cells. Dong, X; Du, J; Gong, L; Gu, Z; Guo, Z; Tian, G; Xie, J; Yong, Y; Yu, S; Zhao, Y; Zhu, S, 2017)	0.97
"Curcumin is an Indian spice with a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities but poor aqueous solubility, rapid degradation, and low bioavailability that affect medical benefits."	( Potential Eye Drop Based on a Calix[4]arene Nanoassembly for Curcumin Delivery: Enhanced Drug Solubility, Stability, and Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Blanco, AR; Consoli, GML; Cordaro, M; Cunsolo, F; Cuzzocrea, S; Esposito, E; Geraci, C; Granata, G; Paterniti, I, 2017)	2.14
" Although safe at higher doses and exhibiting multiple biological activities, curcumin still has the problem of poor bioavailability which has been an attractive area of research over the last few years."	( An overview of structure-activity relationship studies of curcumin analogs as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Abbas Bukhari, SN; Arshad, L; Haque, MA; Jantan, I, 2017)	0.93
" However, their poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability limit their clinical use."	( Alginate Nanoparticles Containing Curcumin and Resveratrol: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation Against DU145 Prostate Cancer Cell Line. Dash, AK; Saralkar, P, 2017)	0.73
" The present study was designed to prepare curcumin nanoemulsion using phospholipid core material (Lipoid™) and exploring the possibility of enhancing its bioavailability and its impact on DHA levels in rats."	( Curcumin and linseed oil co-delivered in phospholipid nanoemulsions enhances the levels of docosahexaenoic acid in serum and tissue lipids of rats. Lokesh, BR; Sugasini, D, 2017)	2.16
" However, poor solubility, bioavailability and stability of curcumin limit its in vivo efficacy for the cancer treatment."	( Surface modification of solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery of curcumin: Improvement of bioavailability through enhanced cellular uptake, and lymphatic uptake. Baek, JS; Cho, CW, 2017)	0.93
"Amorphous drug nanoparticles have recently emerged as a superior bioavailability enhancement strategy for poorly soluble drugs in comparison to the conventional microscale amorphous solid dispersions."	( A new bioavailability enhancement strategy of curcumin via self-assembly nano-complexation of curcumin and bovine serum albumin. Cheow, WS; Hadinoto, K; Nguyen, MH; Yu, H, 2017)	0.71
"Curcumin has shown promising inhibitory activity against HER-2-positive tumor cells in vitro but suffers from poor oral bioavailability in vivo."	( Chemopreventive efficacy of curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2-positive breast cancer. Grill, AE; Koniar, B; Panyam, J; Shahani, K, 2018)	2.22
" Several approaches have been developed to increase its absorption rate (e."	( Therapeutic potential of novel formulated forms of curcumin in the treatment of breast cancer by the targeting of cellular and physiological dysregulated pathways. Avan, A; Ferns, GA; Hasanzadeh, M; Hassanian, SM; Khazaei, M; Khedri, M; Rezaee, M; ShahidSales, S; Tajbakhsh, A, 2018)	0.73
"Emerging evidence suggests that curcumin can overcome drug resistance to classical chemotherapies, but poor bioavailability and low absorption have limited its clinical use and the mechanisms remain unclear."	( Liposomal curcumin alters chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to Adriamycin via regulating microRNA expression. Chen, W; Chen, X; Li, J; Tang, J; Xu, H; Yang, S; Zhang, S; Zhao, J; Zhong, S; Zhou, S, 2017)	1.14
"We utilized encapsulation in liposomes as a strategy to improve the bioavailability of curcumin and demonstrated that liposomal curcumin altered chemosensitivity of Adr-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer (MCF-7/Adr) by MTT assay."	( Liposomal curcumin alters chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to Adriamycin via regulating microRNA expression. Chen, W; Chen, X; Li, J; Tang, J; Xu, H; Yang, S; Zhang, S; Zhao, J; Zhong, S; Zhou, S, 2017)	1.08
" Different types of formulations have been designed for the improvement of bioavailability of these compounds, nanonization being one of the most notable approaches among them."	( Polyphenol nanoformulations for cancer therapy: experimental evidence and clinical perspective. Abdollahi, M; Bahramsoltani, R; Davatgaran-Taghipour, Y; Farzaei, MH; Karimi-Soureh, Z; Masoomzadeh, S; Rahimi, R, 2017)	0.46
" Natural compounds like curcumin that target such susceptibilities have failed further clinical advancements due to the poor stability and bioavailability as well as the need of high effective doses."	( Selective Targeting of Cancer Cells by Oxidative Vulnerabilities with Novel Curcumin Analogs. Curran, C; Larocque, K; Liang, G; Ma, D; Mansour, F; Noel, M; Pandey, S; Pignanelli, C; Pupulin, S; Ropat, J; Wang, Y; Wu, J, 2017)	0.99
"Curcumin is a well-established cardioprotective phytoconstituent, but the poor bioavailability associated with it is always a matter of therapeutic challenge."	( Cardioprotective effect of curcumin and piperine combination against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. Bhattacharjee, A; Chakraborty, M; Kamath, JV, )	1.87
" However, the poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability hinders the therapeutic potential of it when administrated orally."	( Preparation and characterisation of atorvastatin and curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoformulations for oral delivery in atherosclerosis. J B, VK; Madhusudhan, B; Ramakrishna, S, 2017)	0.7
"The results of the present study demonstrate a higher oral bioavailability after incorporation of curcuminoid into nanoemulsion, facilitating its application as a botanic drug."	( Determination of oral bioavailability of curcuminoid dispersions and nanoemulsions prepared from Curcuma longa Linnaeus. Chen, BH; Inbaraj, BS; Lu, PS, 2018)	0.96
" If the challenge of low bioavailability is overcome, curcumin-based medications for AD may be in the horizon."	( The Mechanisms of Action of Curcumin in Alzheimer's Disease. Taghibiglou, C; Tang, M, 2017)	1
" In situ single-pass perfusion studies demonstrated higher effective permeability coefficient and absorption rate constant for Cur nanoemulsions than for free Cur."	( Therapeutic effects of curcumin nanoemulsions on prostate cancer. Guan, YB; Jia, YY; Sun, YJ; Tian, YD; Wang, JL; Zhang, YQ; Zhou, SY, 2017)	0.77
"The goal of this study was to improve curcumin (CUR) aqueous solubility and bioavailability via nanoformulation, and then study its activity and mechanism of action as an antidiabetic agent."	( Nanoformulated natural therapeutics for management of streptozotocin-induced diabetes: potential use of curcumin nanoformulation. Eissa, LA; El Gayar, AM; El-Far, YM; El-Sherbiny, IM; Gabr, MM; Zakaria, MM, 2017)	0.94
" Curcumin derivatives with reduced affinity for plasma protein may improve the bioavailability and antibacterial activities."	( Altered antibacterial activity of Curcumin in the presence of serum albumin, plasma and whole blood. Ali, SA; Teow, SY, 2017)	1.64
" However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions."	( Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy. Benlloch, M; Castellano, G; Dellinger, RW; Estrela, JM; Mena, S; Obrador, E; Salvador, R, 2017)	0.46
" Hence in the present study, an attempt has been made to load both these drugs into a single nanoparticlulate system to enhance their bioavailability and efficacy."	( Formulation and characterization of chitosan encapsulated phytoconstituents of curcumin and rutin nanoparticles. Dwarampudi, LP; Kadiyala, M; Kumar, CKA; Kuppuswamy, G; Paranjothy, M; Ramaswamy, S; Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy, K, 2017)	0.68
" Quite often however their instability, extensive metabolization, low bioavailability and poor solubility limit their application in cancer prevention and therapy."	( Nanoparticle formulations to enhance tumor targeting of poorly soluble polyphenols with potential anticancer properties. Bonferoni, MC; Ferrari, F; Rossi, S; Sandri, G, 2017)	0.46
"An advanced oral drug delivery system that can effectively deliver drugs with poor oral bioavailability is strongly desirable."	( Multifunctional Nanotube-Mucoadhesive Poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic acid)@Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Acetate Succinate Composite for Site-Specific Oral Drug Delivery. Airavaara, M; Correia, A; Ding, Y; Hirvonen, J; Kemell, M; Kerdsakundee, N; Li, W; Liu, Z; Martins, JP; Santos, HA; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Zhang, F, 2017)	0.46
"Given the poor bioavailability of curcumin, its antinociceptive effects are produced after chronic intravenous administration of high doses, while poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-loaded vesicles (PLGA) can improve drug delivery."	( "Curcumin-loaded Poly (d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanovesicles induce antinociceptive effects and reduce pronociceptive cytokine and BDNF release in spinal cord after acute administration in mice". Di Giannuario, A; Di Giovannandrea, R; Marzoli, F; Mukerjee, A; Pieretti, S; Ranjan, AP; Vishwanatha, JK, 2017)	1.64
" The extremely low aqueous solubility, stability, and bioavailability of curcumin limit its application in the field of medicine."	( A New Water-Soluble Nanomicelle Formed through Self-Assembly of Pectin-Curcumin Conjugates: Preparation, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity Evaluation. Bai, F; Cao, J; Diao, J; Liu, Y; Sun, S; Wang, Y; Zhang, H, 2017)	0.92
" However, previous studies have revealed that CUR exhibited low bioavailability and difficulties in reaching the brain."	( Development of Nasal Lipid Nanocarriers Containing Curcumin for Brain Targeting. Bidone, J; Dora, CL; Falkembach, MC; Hädrich, G; Horn, AP; Hort, MA; Monserrat, JM; Muccillo-Baisch, AL; Putaux, JL; Rodrigues, JL; Teixeira, HF; Varela Junior, AS; Vaz, GR, 2017)	0.71
" In queue, this study overcomes the drawback of curcumin's low bioavailability with potent anti-adipogenic and anti-dyslipidemic activity."	( Curcumin-3,4-Dichloro Phenyl Pyrazole (CDPP) overcomes curcumin's low bioavailability, inhibits adipogenesis and ameliorates dyslipidemia by activating reverse cholesterol transport. Balaramnavar, VM; Beg, M; Bhatta, R; Choudhary, R; Gaikwad, AN; Gupta, A; Kumar, D; Kumar, S; Rajan, S; Shankar, K; Singh, VK; Srivastava, A; Tadigoppula, N; Varshney, S; Yadav, P, 2017)	2.15
" CDPP showed marked improvement in gastrointestinal stability and bioavailability in-vivo as compared to curcumin."	( Curcumin-3,4-Dichloro Phenyl Pyrazole (CDPP) overcomes curcumin's low bioavailability, inhibits adipogenesis and ameliorates dyslipidemia by activating reverse cholesterol transport. Balaramnavar, VM; Beg, M; Bhatta, R; Choudhary, R; Gaikwad, AN; Gupta, A; Kumar, D; Kumar, S; Rajan, S; Shankar, K; Singh, VK; Srivastava, A; Tadigoppula, N; Varshney, S; Yadav, P, 2017)	2.11
"The present study deals with the preparation of stable Curcumin incorporated Titaniumdioxide Nanoparticles (CTNPs) by coprecipitation method for improving the bioavailability of curcumin and site specific drug delivery."	( In vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicity evaluation of curcumin incorporated titanium dioxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Abraham, A; Balachandran, S; Sheeja, S; Sherin, S; Soumya, RS; Sudha Devi, R, 2017)	0.94
" However, its poor systemic bioavailability hampers its clinical application, which may be related to its wide metabolism."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin is more effective than curcumin in inducing the apoptosis of H22 cells via regulation of a mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in ascites tumor-bearing mice. Cao, H; Chen, H; Liang, J; Lin, G; Liu, W; Liu, Y; Luo, D; Su, Z; Xie, J; Yang, H; Zhang, Z, 2017)	0.86
" These formulations enhance bioavailability of the drug candidate, which could be achieved through a novel drug delivery mechanism."	( Vesicular Systems Containing Curcumin and Their Applications in Respiratory Disorders - A Mini Review. Chellappan, DK; Chellian, J; Dua, K; Gupta, G; Hansbro, PM; Hsu, A; Ng, ZY; Panneerselvam, J; Wong, JY, 2017)	0.75
" While lifestyle approaches, such as with the Mediterranean diet, may prove to be too complex for the single patient, better knowledge of selected nutraceuticals and more appropriate formulations leading to improved bioavailability will certainly widen the use of these agents, already in large use for the management of these very frequent patient groups."	( Nutraceutical approaches to metabolic syndrome. Calabresi, L; Pavanello, C; Ruscica, M; Sirtori, CR, 2017)	0.46
" The limitations in the use of curcumin as therapeutic are represented by its pharmacokinetics profile and the low bioavailability after oral administration."	( Curcumin in Alzheimer's disease: Can we think to new strategies and perspectives for this molecule? Catanzaro, M; Lanni, C; Racchi, M; Rosini, M; Serafini, MM, 2017)	2.18
"We sought to determine the preventive effects of curcumin and its highly bioavailable preparation on noise-induced hearing loss in a novel murine model of permanent hearing loss developed by repeated exposure to noise."	( Preventive effect of curcumin and its highly bioavailable preparation on hearing loss induced by single or repeated exposure to noise: A comparative and mechanistic study. Imaizumi, A; Ogita, K; Onaka, Y; Yamaguchi, T; Yoneyama, M, 2017)	1.03
"Amorphous CUR-CHI nanoparticle complex (or CUR nanoplex in short) recently emerged as a promising bioavailability enhancement strategy of CUR attributed to its fast dissolution, supersaturation generation capability, and simple preparation."	( Effects of chitosan molecular weight on the physical and dissolution characteristics of amorphous curcumin-chitosan nanoparticle complex. Hadinoto, K; Nguyen, MH; Yu, H, 2018)	0.7
" In this study, a novel, highly bioavailable form of curcumin in a completely natural turmeric matrix was evaluated for its ability to improve the clinical symptoms of RA."	( A Novel Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Formulation Improves Symptoms and Diagnostic Indicators in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Dose, Three-Arm, and Parallel-Group Study. Amalraj, A; Divya, C; Gopi, S; Jacob, J; Kunnumakkara, AB; Stohs, SJ; Varma, K, 2017)	1
"Curcumin has many pharmacological activities despite its poor bioavailability and in vivo stability."	( Nanocurcumin is superior to native curcumin in preventing degenerative changes in Experimental Cerebral Malaria. Dende, C; Meena, J; Nagaraj, VA; Nagarajan, P; Padmanaban, G; Panda, AK, 2017)	2.46
" However, curcumin has low solubility in aqueous media, hence low bioavailability when administered orally."	( Preparation, characterization and bioavailability by oral administration of O/W curcumin nanoemulsions stabilized with lysophosphatidylcholine. Chávez-Zamudio, R; García, HS; Garcia-Varela, R; Ochoa-Flores, AA; Soto-Rodríguez, I, 2017)	1.08
" However, its effectiveness has been limited due to poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability and rapid metabolism and systemic elimination."	( Liposomal curcumin and its application in cancer. Feng, T; Lee, RJ; Wei, Y; Zhao, L, 2017)	0.86
"Liposome is one of a promising delivery system to improve water solubility, stability, and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Liposomes coated with thiolated chitosan as drug carriers of curcumin. Cai, Z; Deng, L; Ding, S; Li, L; Li, R; Wang, K; Zhang, S; Zhou, C, 2017)	0.91
"Although curcumin is efficient in killing cancer cells, its poor water solubility and assocaited inadequate bioavailability remain major limitations to its therapeutic application."	( Biocompatible curcumin loaded PMMA-PEG/ZnO nanocomposite induce apoptosis and cytotoxicity in human gastric cancer cells. Annaraj, J; Bowen, PK; Dhivya, R; Mayandi, J; Rajendhran, J; Ranjani, J, 2017)	1.23
" Firstly, we orally administered highly bioavailable curcumin to rats to elucidate its kinetics, and observed not only the free-form of curcumin, but also, curcumin in a conjugated form, within the portal vein."	( Curcumin β-D-Glucuronide Plays an Important Role to Keep High Levels of Free-Form Curcumin in the Blood. Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Kanai, M; Makino, Y; Ozawa, H; Sumi, Y; Takahashi, N; Tsuda, T, 2017)	2.15
" HFn nanocage improved the solubility, chemical stability, and bioavailability of curcumin, allowing us to reliably carry out several experiments in the attempt to establish the potential of this molecule as a therapeutic agent and elucidate the mechanism of action in TNBC."	( H-Ferritin Enriches the Curcumin Uptake and Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Avvakumova, S; Bellini, M; Bertolini, JA; Carcano, S; Colombo, M; Morasso, C; Pandolfi, L; Prosperi, D; Rizzuto, MA; Vanna, R; Zago, A, 2017)	0.99
"While the radioprotective activity of curcumin against genotoxicity has been well established, its poor oral bioavailability has limited its successful clinical applications."	( Radioprotective activity of curcumin-encapsulated liposomes against genotoxicity caused by Gamma Cobalt-60 irradiation in human blood cells. Bui, CB; Dong, B; Hadinoto, K; Nguyen, MH; Nguyen, TH; Pham, ND, 2017)	1.02
" However, the limited bioavailability of curcumin prevents its use for modulation of the function of these transporters in the clinical setting."	( Synthetic Analogs of Curcumin Modulate the Function of Multidrug Resistance-Linked ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter ABCG2. Ambudkar, SV; Chufan, EE; Fukuda, M; Ishida, M; Iwabuchi, Y; Kanehara, K; Kudoh, K; Murakami, M; Naitoh, T; Ohnuma, S; Shibata, H; Sugisawa, N; Unno, M, 2017)	1.04
" In addition, it might represent a novel strategy for improving the bioavailability of curcumin that does not focus on the aqueous solubility of the drug."	( Novel strategy for improving the bioavailability of curcumin based on a new membrane transport mechanism that directly involves solid particles. Araki, K; Enomura, M; Furubayashi, T; Iga, K; Inoue, D; Katsumi, H; Kimura, S; Kiriyama, A; Kusamori, K; Sakane, T; Tanaka, A; Teraoka, R; Yamamoto, A; Yoshizumi, M; Yutani, R, 2018)	0.95
" This study assessed the bioavailability of a novel curcumin formulation compared to 95% curcumin and published results for various other curcumin formulations."	( A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Assessment of a Novel Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Formulation with 95% Curcumin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study. Bucci, LR; Ji, J; Preuss, HG; Stohs, SJ, 2018)	0.96
" These results suggest that exosomes can be developed as potential nano carriers for delivering curcumin which otherwise has encountered significant tissue bioavailability issues in the past."	( Exosomes for the Enhanced Tissue Bioavailability and Efficacy of Curcumin. Agrawal, AK; Aqil, F; Gupta, R; Jeyabalan, J; Munagala, R, 2017)	0.91
"Poor bioavailability and non-specificity of chemotherapeutic agents are major challenges in breast cancer treatment."	( EGFR-targeting PLGA-PEG nanoparticles as a curcumin delivery system for breast cancer therapy. Cai, J; Evans, CE; Jiang, J; Jin, H; Li, T; Pi, J; Yang, P; Zeng, X; Zhao, Y, 2017)	0.72
" In vivo oral pharmacokinetic evaluation suggested that the bioavailability of Cur in rats was proportional to the degree of functionalization of NLCs with NAPG."	( N-acetyl-L-cysteine functionalized nanostructured lipid carrier for improving oral bioavailability of curcumin: preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Asghar, S; Chen, Z; Huang, L; Kambere Amerigos, D; Ping, Q; Tian, C; Wu, Y; Xiao, Y; Yin, L; Zhang, M, 2017)	0.67
" However, curcumin therapeutic use is limited because of its low systemic bioavailability and chemical stability as it undergoes rapid hydrolysis in physiological conditions."	( Vanillin Affects Amyloid Aggregation and Non-Enzymatic Glycation in Human Insulin. Borriello, M; Cammarota, M; Di Maro, A; Iannuzzi, C; Irace, G; Sirangelo, I, 2017)	0.86
" Here, we used taurocholic acid (TCA) as a ligand for uptake of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) mediated by a bile-acid transporter to improve oral bioavailability of curcumin (Cur)."	( Improving intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of curcumin via taurocholic acid-modified nanostructured lipid carriers. Asghar, S; Chen, Z; Huang, L; Jin, X; Ping, Q; Tian, C; Wu, Y; Xiao, Y; Yin, L, 2017)	0.89
" Unfortunately, the medicinal properties attributed to curcuminoids are impaired by their low oral bioavailability or low solubility in aqueous solutions."	( Fluidized Bed Hot-Melt Granulation as a Tool to Improve Curcuminoid Solubility. de Freitas, LAP; de Paiva Junior, E; Teixeira, CCC, 2018)	0.97
"A simple and convenient solidifying process was used in this study, and the data suggested that this process not only could improve the flowability and dissolution of phospholipid complex, but also increased the oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Studies on the curcumin phospholipid complex solidified with Soluplus He, D; Ju, J; Li, W; Wang, J; Wang, L; Zhang, L, 2018)	1.02
"Curcumin being used to treat various chronic diseases while its poor bioavailability issue limited its wide clinical application as a therapeutic agent."	( Preparation and evaluation of curcumin-loaded self-assembled micelles. Dai, YH; He, DD; Ju, JM; Wang, LL; Wang, SX; Zhao, CL, 2018)	2.21
" The in vitro cytotoxicity and the permeability of SSCMs were measured by Caco-2 cell monolayers and the oral bioavailability was evaluated by SD rats."	( Preparation and evaluation of curcumin-loaded self-assembled micelles. Dai, YH; He, DD; Ju, JM; Wang, LL; Wang, SX; Zhao, CL, 2018)	0.77
" However, the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin is restricted by its poor bioavailability after oral administration."	( Improvement of intestinal absorption of curcumin by cyclodextrins and the mechanisms underlying absorption enhancement. Katsumi, H; Kusamori, K; Li, X; Morishita, M; Sakane, T; Sawangrat, K; Uehara, S; Yamamoto, A, 2018)	1.02
"In this study, the effects of N-acyl taurates (NATs) on the intestinal absorption of curcumin (CUR), a water-insoluble and poorly absorbed compound, were examined in rats."	( Improvement of the Solubility and Intestinal Absorption of Curcumin by N-Acyl Taurates and Elucidation of the Absorption-Enhancing Mechanisms. Katsumi, H; Kawamura, A; Kusamori, K; Li, X; Morishita, M; Sakane, T; Sato, Y; Yamamoto, A, 2017)	0.92
" To overcome its low bioavailability, various curcumin formulations with enhanced bioavailability are currently being developed."	( Curcumin as a functional food-derived factor: degradation products, metabolites, bioactivity, and future perspectives. Tsuda, T, 2018)	2.18
" In conclusion, PS-modified NLCs nanoparticles prolonged the retention time of Cur, and enhanced its bioavailability and delivery efficiency to the livers, resulting in reduced liver fibrosis and up-regulating hepatic expression of HGF and MMP-2."	( Enhanced efficacy of curcumin with phosphatidylserine-decorated nanoparticles in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Du, C; Feng, B; Lei, W; Pan, W; Wang, J; Wang, XJ; Wang, Y, 2018)	0.8
" Curcumin has been examined in a number of clinical studies with limited success, mainly owing to limited bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by enone analogues of curcumin. Deck, LM; Hunsaker, LA; Royer, RE; Vander Jagt, DL; Vander Jagt, TA; Whalen, LJ, 2018)	1.63
"In this work, in order to enhance the stability, bioavailability and antioxidant activity of insoluble antioxidants used into juice, yoghourt and nutritional supplements, the oligo-hyalurosomes nano-delivery system (CRHs) based on oligo-hyaluronic acid -curcumin (oHC) polymer loaded curcumin(Cur) and resveratrol (Res) was fabricated with new nanotechnolgy."	( Co-encapsulation of curcumin and resveratrol into novel nutraceutical hyalurosomes nano-food delivery system based on oligo-hyaluronic acid-curcumin polymer. Chen, D; Guo, C; Yin, J, 2018)	0.98
" Pharmacokinetic studies confirmed that Bacillus spore-based carriers could efficiently improve the oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Bacillus spore-based oral carriers loading curcumin for the therapy of colon cancer. Chen, W; Guan, YQ; Han, K; Hu, K; Jin, Y; Li, CH; Meng, Z; Wu, BY; Yin, L; You, R; Zhang, Y, 2018)	0.95
" However, its clinical application is limited by its poor bioavailability related to its extremely low water solubility."	( Еlectrospun сellulose acetate membranes decorated with curcumin-PVP particles: preparation, antibacterial and antitumor activities. Georgieva, A; Manolova, N; Markova, N; Rashkov, I; Spasova, M; Toshkova, R; Tsekova, P, 2017)	0.7
"Nano-encapsulation of curcumin and chrysin enhanced delivery of these compounds to SW480 colorectal cancer cells and therefore it can be conclude that PLGA-PEG nanoparticles promote anticancer effects of curcumin-chrysin by increasing bioavailability and the solubility of these drugs."	( Synergistic Effect of Free and Nano-encapsulated Chrysin-Curcumin on Inhibition of hTERT Gene Expression in SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. Bagheri, R; Sanaat, Z; Zarghami, N, 2018)	1.04
" Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats."	( Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. Caddeo, C; Castangia, I; Catalán-Latorre, A; Díez-Sales, O; Escribano-Ferrer, E; Fadda, AM; Manca, ML; Manconi, M; Nácher, A; Peris, JE; Pleguezuelos-Villa, M; Pons, R, 2018)	0.91
" This article also critically assesses the current limitations of curcumin's bioavailability and urgent need for new formulations to increase its brain levels to treat patients with AD."	( Protective Effects of Indian Spice Curcumin Against Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease. Bhatti, JS; Boles, A; Grady, MC; Kandimalla, R; Kumar, S; Kuruva, CS; Manczak, M; Mitchell, A; Ogunmokun, G; Pradeepkiran, JA; Quesada, K; Reddy, AP; Reddy, PH; Thamarai, K; Tonk, S; Vijayan, M; Wang, R; Yin, X, 2018)	0.99
" One of them is the close relationship of drug's bioavailability with solubility, dissolution rate and permeability."	( Crystalline Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Triblock Copolymer Solid Dispersion Enhance Solubility, Stability and Promoting Time- Controllable Release of Curcumin. Alves, TFR; Chaud, MV; da Silva Pontes, K; das Neves Lopes, FCC; Junior, JMO; Komatsu, D; Rebelo, MA; Santos, C; Severino, P; Souza, JF, 2018)	0.68
"Thus, these SDs, specifically CUR:P-407 1:2 w/w, can overcome the barriers of poor bioavailability to reap many beneficial properties."	( Crystalline Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Triblock Copolymer Solid Dispersion Enhance Solubility, Stability and Promoting Time- Controllable Release of Curcumin. Alves, TFR; Chaud, MV; da Silva Pontes, K; das Neves Lopes, FCC; Junior, JMO; Komatsu, D; Rebelo, MA; Santos, C; Severino, P; Souza, JF, 2018)	0.68
" In normal mice, the selected formula exhibited improved bioavailability and liver targeting efficiency compared to raw CUR."	( Curcumin-Zein Nanospheres Improve Liver Targeting and Antifibrotic Activity of Curcumin in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Mice Liver Fibrosis. Abdallah, HM; Abdel-Naim, AB; Ahmed, OAA; Al-Sawahli, MM; Algandaby, MM; Ashour, OM; Fahmy, UA; Hattori, M, 2016)	1.88
"In this study a new soluble solid curcumin nanoemulsion powder was prepared using spray-drying technology to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Spray-dried curcumin nanoemulsion: A new road to improvement of oral bioavailability of curcumin. Hu, L; Hu, Q; Yang, C, 2018)	1.14
" Oral area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and bioavailability of well known BCRP (sulfasalazine and rosuvastatin), P-glycoprotein (fexofenadine, aliskiren, and talinolol), and CYP3A (midazolam) substrates were investigated in the presence and absence of inhibitors."	( Curcumin as an In Vivo Selective Intestinal Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Inhibitor in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Abe, K; Ando, O; Imaoka, T; Karibe, T, 2018)	1.92
" However, its limited bioavailability reduces its efficiency for treating GBM."	( Solid Lipid Curcumin Particles Induce More DNA Fragmentation and Cell Death in Cultured Human Glioblastoma Cells than Does Natural Curcumin. Al-Gharaibeh, A; Dunbar, GL; Kolli, N; Maiti, P, 2017)	0.83
"There is great interest in developing colloidal delivery systems to enhance the water solubility and oral bioavailability of curcumin, which is a hydrophobic nutraceutical claimed to have several health benefits."	( Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability by Encapsulation in Sophorolipid-Coated Nanoparticles: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study. Li, Z; Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Peng, S; Zou, L, 2018)	1.04
" Bioavailability study of the coated and uncoated liquisolid tablets were performed using Newzealand white rabbits."	( Guargum and Eudragit ® coated curcumin liquid solid tablets for colon specific drug delivery. M, S; Rijo, J; S Kumar, V, 2018)	0.77
" However, limited bioavailability and inability to detect curcumin in circulation or target tissues has hindered the validation of a causal role."	( Curcumin-mediated regulation of intestinal barrier function: The mechanism underlying its beneficial effects. Gehr, TW; Ghosh, S; Ghosh, SS; He, H; Wang, J, 2018)	2.17
" Further drug-like property analysis demonstrated that the optimized compound, 8d (WI-1758), had liver microsomal metabolic stability, was well tolerated (>2000 mg/kg), and had a rational pharmacokinetic profile, as well as an oral bioavailability of 14."	( Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Orally Bioavailable Quinoline-Indole Derivatives as Innovative Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Promotion of Cell Proliferation in the Adult Murine Hippocampus for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Chan, ASC; Feng, X; Hu, J; Huang, L; Li, X; Wang, Z; Yang, X, 2018)	0.48
"Turmeric contains curcumin and its analogues, which show anticancer and antiinflammatory effects; however, curcuminoids are lipophilic and are poorly absorbed by the human body."	( Improvement of curcuminoid bioaccessibility from turmeric by a nanostructured lipid carrier system. Garcia, CV; Kim, JT; Park, SJ; Shin, GH, 2018)	1.17
" Efforts have therefore been dedicated to developing curcumin formulations with greater bioavailability and systemic tissue distribution."	( The Problem of Curcumin and Its Bioavailability: Could Its Gastrointestinal Influence Contribute to Its Overall Health-Enhancing Effects? Lopresti, AL, 2018)	1.08
"Curcumin (CUM) possesses therapeutic activity against diverse skin disorders (SD); however, its clinical use faces many challenges related to physicochemical and bioavailability characteristics, that can be solve designing a new drug delivery system for CUM to treat SD."	( Curcumin-loaded cationic solid lipid nanoparticles as a potential platform for the treatment of skin disorders. Chorilli, M; Gonçalez, ML; Pereira-da-Silva, MA; Rigon, RB, 2017)	3.34
" The natural product curcumin is reported to inhibit the TLR4 co-receptor, MD2 (myeloid differentiation protein 2), but its low in vivo bioavailability limits its therapeutic potential."	( New MD2 inhibitors derived from curcumin with improved anti-inflammatory activity. Bai, B; Chen, H; Chen, L; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Lum, H; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Xiao, Z; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2018)	1.08
" Unfortunately, poor solubility, instability in physiological fluids, and low bioavailability limit its clinical utility."	( Solid lipid curcumin particles provide greater anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects than curcumin in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Dunbar, GL; Maiti, P; Paladugu, L, 2018)	0.86
" Phytoproflex® is characterized by an innovative delivery system that improves bioavailability of curcuminoids and could be useful in the management of OA."	( Phytoproflex®: supplementary management of osteoarthrosis: a supplement registry. Belcaro, G; Corti, A; Dugall, M; Eggenhoffner, R; Feragalli, B; Ganguly, A; Giacomelli, L; Hosoi, M; Hu, S; Ledda, A; Luzzi, R, 2018)	0.7
" In addition, the bioavailability of these polyphenols is usually very low due to their poor absorption in the gut."	( Curcumin and dietary polyphenol research: beyond drug discovery. Jin, TR, 2018)	1.92
"The objectives of this study were to investigate the following: 1) the bioavailability of resveratrol consumed in combination with curcumin after consumption of a high-fat meal; and 2) the acute combined effects of this combination on the postprandial inflammatory response of subjects with abdominal obesity."	( Supplementation with Resveratrol and Curcumin Does Not Affect the Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal in Older Adults with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Couillard, C; Couture, P; Gigleux, I; Lamarche, B; Marin, J; Paradis, ME; Vohl, MC; Vors, C, 2018)	0.96
"Kinetics of resveratrol and identified metabolites revealed rapid absorption patterns but also relatively limited bioavailability based on free resveratrol concentrations."	( Supplementation with Resveratrol and Curcumin Does Not Affect the Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal in Older Adults with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Couillard, C; Couture, P; Gigleux, I; Lamarche, B; Marin, J; Paradis, ME; Vohl, MC; Vors, C, 2018)	0.75
"Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been used to enhance bioavailability and biological activities."	( Molecular dynamic of curcumin/chitosan interaction using a computational molecular approach: Emphasis on biofilm reduction. Jokar, M; Karimi, A; Khezri, A; Mofradnia, SR; Rashedi, H; Tavakoli, Z; Yazdian, F, 2018)	0.8
" The clinical implication of native curcumin is hindered in the target cells due to its low aqueous solubility, poor bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetics."	( Potential amelioration of nicotine-induced toxicity by nanocurcumin. Chattopadhyay, B; Chattopadhyay, K; Mukhopadhyay, S; Samanta, A, 2018)	1
" The major disadvantage associated with the use of curcumin is its low bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Curcumin Ag nanoconjugates for improved therapeutic effects in cancer. Dhawan, A; Kansara, K; Pandya, A; Patel, P; Savaliya, R; Shah, D; Singh, S, 2018)	2.18
" However, critical studies on its pharmacological and toxicological activities are needed to understand how this compound can have these biological functions considering its poor oral bioavailability and the low plasma concentration."	( Biological and pharmacological effects of hexahydrocurcumin, a metabolite of curcumin. Cao, S; Fan, Y; Huang, Y; Kang, N; Qiu, F; Zhang, H; Zhang, Q, 2018)	0.73
" However, low aqueous solubility, poor stability and decreased bioavailability associated with native curcumin holds back its use in clinical settings."	( Evaluation of curcumin loaded chitosan/PEG blended PLGA nanoparticles for effective treatment of pancreatic cancer. Arya, G; Das, M; Sahoo, SK, 2018)	1.06
" This feature consequently limits its systemic bioavailability and makes use of curcumin as a therapeutic remedy (to date) difficult."	( CURCUMA LONGA AS MEDICINAL HERB IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABET- IC COMPLICATIONS. Bodalska, A; Freier, J; Han, S; Karlowicz-Bodalska, K; Smolenski, M, 2017)	0.68
" The enhanced antinociceptive effect of CurDG may be due to improved water solubility and increased oral bioavailability compared to curcumin."	( A curcumin-diglutaric acid conjugated prodrug with improved water solubility and antinociceptive properties compared to curcumin. Haworth, IS; Jithavech, P; Muangnoi, C; Niwattisaiwong, N; Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, P; Rojsitthisak, P; Supasena, W; Towiwat, P; Wichitnithad, W, 2018)	1.41
" Because Cur molecule has weakness in both bioavailability and in vivo stability, delivery of Cur requires assistance from other molecules to act as carrier vehicles in a sustained manner for therapeutic use."	( Encapsulation of Curcumin Nanoparticles with MMP9-Responsive and Thermos-Sensitive Hydrogel Improves Diabetic Wound Healing. Chang, M; Chen, Z; Li, R; Li, T; Liu, J; Wang, J; Wang, Y; Yan, F, 2018)	0.82
" The results suggested that this specific copolymer GNP did not enhance the curcumnin bioavailability in cultured cells possibly due to formation of copolymer GNP aggregates."	( HPV-associated cervical cancer cells targeted by triblock copolymer gold nanoparticle curcumin combination. Chan, PJ; Chen-Sandoval, J; Perry, CC; Yun, J, 2017)	0.68
" However, poor bioavailability following oral administration limits its efficacy."	( Topically Applied Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles Treat Erectile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Type-2 Diabetes. Davies, KP; Draganski, A; Friedman, JM; Tar, MT; Villegas, G, 2018)	0.81
"Curcumin (CUR) demonstrates a variety of biological activities; however, the poor oral bioavailability limits its clinical application."	( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of curcumin loaded hollow microspheres prepared with ethyl cellulose and citric acid. Feng, T; Liu, H; Pi, C; Wei, Y; Wu, J; Ye, Y; Yuan, J; Zhan, C; Zhao, L; Zuo, Y, 2018)	2.2
" Finally, rational approaches for improving the therapeutic benefits of curcumin, including curcumin derivatives with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, using nanoformulations to advance curcumin stability in physiological media and improve bioavailability have been elucidated."	( Curcumin in Advancing Treatment for Gynecological Cancers with Developed Drug- and Radiotherapy-Associated Resistance. Chaichian, S; Ekhlasi-Hundrieser, M; Mehdizadehkashi, A; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Mosafer, J; Nikfar, B; Vaezi, A, 2019)	2.19
" The technology of microencapsulation and the use of mucoadhesive materials can contribute to modify the delivery and improve the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Gelatin-Ethylcellulose Microparticles for the Delivery of Curcumin to the Bladder. Bruschi, ML; da Silva, JB; Diniz, A; Kimura, E; Montanha, MC; Oliveira, MB, 2018)	0.9
" It was shown that HPγCD curcumin demonstrated higher bioavailability in the biofilms compared to curcumin, without affecting the subcellular uptake."	( Exploring photoinactivation of microbial biofilms using laser scanning microscopy and confined 2-photon excitation. Ericson, MB; Farewell, A; Graf, FE; Thomsen, H, 2018)	0.78
"It has been shown that encapsulation of dietary polyphenols leads to increased solubility and bioavailability of these micronutrients."	( Encapsulation of micronutrients resveratrol, genistein, and curcumin by folic acid-PAMAM nanoparticles. Chanphai, P; Tajmir-Riahi, HA, 2018)	0.72
" Piperine is also known to increase the bioavailability of dietary components, including curcumin."	( Piperine potentiates curcumin-mediated repression of mTORC1 signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells: implications for the inhibition of protein synthesis and TNFα signaling. Hage, DS; He, B; Kaur, H; Moreau, R; Rodriguez, E; Zhang, C, 2018)	1.02
" To overcome its limitation and enhance oral bioavailability by improving its aqueous solubility, stability, and intestinal permeability, a novel CUR formulation (NCF) was developed using the self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion strategy."	( Curcumin-loaded self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion system: part I: development, optimization, characterization, and oral bioavailability. Garg, S; Kathawala, K; Parikh, A; Song, Y; Zhou, XF, 2018)	1.92
"Increasing the intestinal dissolution of orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs that have poor oral bioavailability to a therapeutically effective level has long been an elusive goal."	( An Intestinal "Transformers"-like Nanocarrier System for Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. Chen, CT; Chen, HL; Chuang, EY; Huang, TY; Juang, JH; Lin, KJ; Lin, PY; Miao, YB; Sung, HW, 2018)	0.48
" However, its lower bioavailability is a critical concern and limits the utility of curcumin in clinical practice."	( Pulmonary administration of curcumin inhibits B16F10 melanoma lung metastasis and invasion in mice. Akita, T; Ando, H; Fujii, J; Fujimura, A; Horiguchi, M; Shimada, K; Shimamura, M; Suzuki, C; Ushijima, K; Yamashita, C, 2018)	1
" Systemic bioavailability after pulmonary administration was 61-times higher than after oral administration."	( Pulmonary administration of curcumin inhibits B16F10 melanoma lung metastasis and invasion in mice. Akita, T; Ando, H; Fujii, J; Fujimura, A; Horiguchi, M; Shimada, K; Shimamura, M; Suzuki, C; Ushijima, K; Yamashita, C, 2018)	0.77
" In conclusion, curcumin might be beneficial in patients with epilepsy disorders, if its bioavailability issues are resolved."	( Curcumin in epilepsy disorders. Dhir, A, 2018)	2.27
" Using nanotechnology to break down curcumin increases its bioavailability and improves its effect on the brain."	( The Effect of BSA-Based Curcumin Nanoparticles on Memory and Hippocampal MMP-2, MMP-9, and MAPKs in Adult Mice. Moezi, L; Moosavi, M; Pirsalami, F; SoukhakLari, R, 2018)	1.06
" The present study is an attempt to elevate the topical bioavailability of THC, post-incorporation into a nano-carrier system with its final dosage as a hydrogel."	( Topical delivery of tetrahydrocurcumin lipid nanoparticles effectively inhibits skin inflammation: in vitro and in vivo study. Kakkar, V; Kaur, AP; Kaur, IP; Saini, K; Singh, KK, 2018)	0.77
" However, its poor water solubility and bioavailability has limited curcumin’s biomedical application."	( The Positive Role of Curcumin-Loaded Salmon Nanoliposomes on the Culture of Primary Cortical Neurons. Arab-Tehrany, E; Habibey, R; Hasan, M; Kahn, CJF; Latifi, S; Linder, M; Passeri, E; Tamayol, A, 2018)	1.04
" The extremely low water solubility and poor systemic bioavailability make curcumin a challenging molecule to be used clinically."	( Comparative enhancement of curcumin cytotoxic photodynamic activity by nanoliposomes and gold nanoparticles with pharmacological appraisal in HepG2 cancer cells and Erlich solid tumor model. Abd El Fadeel, DA; El Ghoubary, NM; Fadel, M; Kassab, K; Nasr, M, 2018)	1.01
" Owing to its poor bioavailability when delivered orally, it is difficult to deliver a high concentration therapeutic dose."	( Increased bioavailability of curcumin using a novel dispersion technology system (LipiSperse®). Briskey, D; Mallard, AR; Rao, A; Sax, A, 2019)	0.81
" Besides, the\ hydrophilicsilanol groups on the surface of MSNs promoted the Cur solubility in water and increased its\ cellular uptake amount, which improved the bioavailability of Cur."	( [The protective effects of curcumin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles on rat cardiomyocytes]. Duan, LW; Fu, HN; Lü, SZ; Wu, L, 2017)	0.75
" However, curcumin suffers from some limitations including short shelf life due to its poor chemical stability, low bioavailability due to its poor absorption, low water solubility, rapid metabolism and rapid systemic elimination."	( Application of different nanocarriers for encapsulation of curcumin. Daeihamed, M; Jafari, SM; Nejatian, M; Rafiee, Z, 2019)	1.16
" Despite that, the clinical efficacy of the native curcumin is weak due to its low bioavailability and high metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Bioavailable curcumin formulations: A review of pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers. Jamwal, R, 2018)	1.1
"Matrix-metalloproteinases, which are overexpressed in many types of cancer, can be applied to improve the bioavailability of chemotherapeutic drugs and guide therapeutic targeting."	( PEGylated self-assembled enzyme-responsive nanoparticles for effective targeted therapy against lung tumors. Gao, Y; Guo, F; Huang, D; Wu, J; Wu, W; Yan, Q; Yang, G; Yang, Q, 2018)	0.48
" However, its poor bioavailability limits its clinical application."	( Liposomal Curcumin Targeting Endometrial Cancer Through the NF-κB Pathway. Chen, X; Gong, Z; Liu, L; Tang, J; Wang, D; Wu, J; Xu, H; Yang, S; Zhao, J; Zhong, S; Zhou, S, 2018)	0.88
" In this paper, structural modifications of curcumin scaffold were examined in order to improve its bioavailability and stability in physiological conditions, as well as its ability to interfere with β-amyloid fibrils and aggregates."	( Curcumin derivatives and Aβ-fibrillar aggregates: An interactions' study for diagnostic/therapeutic purposes in neurodegenerative diseases. Asti, M; Basile, V; Bednarikova, Z; Ferrari, E; Gazova, Z; Imbriano, C; Menziani, MC; Orteca, G; Rigamonti, L; Rigillo, G; Saladini, M; Tavanti, F, 2018)	2.18
" The objective was to increase drug cytotoxicity on 9L glioma cells and drug bioavailability following intravenous administration (IV)."	( In vitro anti-cancer activity and pharmacokinetic evaluation of curcumin-loaded lipid nanocapsules. Benoit, JP; Fuentes, E; Lautram, N; Lollo, G; Matha, K; Ullio-Gamboa, G, 2018)	0.72
" Future studies should be directed to increasing the bioavailability of curcumin (or related compounds) in the brain to assess its anti-epileptogenic potential in vivo."	( Effects of rapamycin and curcumin on inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo - in search of potential anti-epileptogenic strategies for temporal lobe epilepsy. Arena, A; Aronica, E; Drion, CM; Geijtenbeek, KW; Gorter, JA; Kooijman, L; van Scheppingen, J; van Vliet, EA, 2018)	1.02
" Despite this promise, the clinical use of curcumin has been limited by the poor solubility and low bioavailability of this molecule."	( Topical Curcumin Nanocarriers are Neuroprotective in Eye Disease. Balendra, S; Cordeiro, MF; Davis, BM; Guo, L; Hamze, H; Malaguarnera, G; Noor, A; Pahlitzsch, M; Ravindran, N; Shah, P; Shamsher, E; Sisa, C; Somavarapu, S; Sornsute, A, 2018)	1.18
"Native extracts of curcumin and boswellia are known to exert antiinflammatory properties but have poor bioavailability when given orally."	( Micellar solubilisation enhances the antiinflammatory activities of curcumin and boswellic acids in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Abdel-Tawab, M; Behnam, D; El-Hazek, RM; El-Sabbagh, WA; Frank, J; Khayyal, MT, 2018)	1.04
" The in vivo biodistribution studies on HCT-8/DOX-resistant tumor xenograft showed improved bioavailability of the PEG-CRC/DOX NPs, and thereby suppressed tumor growth significantly compared to the other samples."	( Curcumin as a Novel Nanocarrier System for Doxorubicin Delivery to MDR Cancer Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Jon, S; Kim, YC; Rejinold, NS; Yoo, J, 2018)	1.92
" Solubilizing curcumin with Tween 80 would be a useful alternative to increase curcumin bioavailability in clinical studies."	( Heat/Pressure Treatment with Detergents Significantly Increases Curcumin Solubility and Stability: Its Use as an Environment-Friendly Protein Gel Stain. Kurien, BT; Payne, A; Scofield, RH; Thomas, R, 2018)	1.08
" Despite curcumin's selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, it has very poor bioavailability both in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions."	( Femtosecond laser pulse assisted photoporation for drug delivery in Chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Allam, SR; Banavath, HN; Rajasekaran, B; Sharan, A; Valathati, SS, 2018)	0.9
" However, its hydrophobicity and low bioavailability hinder its application."	( Curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles conjugated with B6 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Chen, X; Fan, S; Fang, W; Guo, R; Jing, X; Lei, M; Liao, W; Liu, J; Liu, X; Ma, Q; Tao, E; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y, 2018)	1.92
" (1E,4E)-1,5-Bis(1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (17d) was established as an optimal compound with both superior potency and good bioavailability that is sufficient to provide the therapeutic efficacy necessary to suppress in vivo tumor growth."	( Optimization of diarylpentadienones as chemotherapeutics for prostate cancer. Chen, G; Chen, QH; Guo, S; Patanapongpibul, M; Wang, G; Zhang, C; Zhang, Q; Zheng, S, 2018)	0.48
" However, the physicochemical and biological properties such as poor solubility and rapid metabolism of curcumin have led to low bioavailability and hence limits its application."	( Assessing the potential of liposomes loaded with curcumin as a therapeutic intervention in asthma. Bebawy, M; Chellappan, DK; Dua, K; Hansbro, N; Hansbro, P; Hsu, A; Kumar, P; Madheswaran, T; Ng, ZY; Panneerselvam, J; Pillay, V; Wark, P; Wong, JY, 2018)	0.95
" The addition of curcumin to therapeutic regimens may be promising for the treatment of neuroblastomas if a number of problems related to its in vivo bioavailability can be resolved."	( Combined effects of curcumin and doxorubicin on cell death and cell migration of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Jaroonwitchawan, T; Namkaew, J; Noisa, P; Rujanapun, N; Saelee, J, 2018)	1.14
" Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), the major active metabolite of Cur, has multiple biological functions, similarly to Cur, and importantly, it showed enhanced bioavailability in tissues and plasma."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin, a major metabolite of curcumin, ameliorates allergic airway inflammation by attenuating Th2 response and suppressing the IL-4Rα-Jak1-STAT6 and Jagged1/Jagged2 -Notch1/Notch2 pathways in asthmatic mice. Chen, BL; Chen, YQ; Li, CW; Li, LY; Liu, WL; Ma, BH; Wan, JB; Wu, YF; Yang, Y; Yu, SF; Zeng, QX; Zhou, YT, 2018)	1.27
" The pharmacokinetics exhibited that oral absolute bioavailability of CUR loaded CMCS/TMC-LPs was about 38%, which was around 6 folds and 3 folds higher than CUR loaded LPs and CUR loaded TMC-LPs, respectively."	( Inducing sustained release and improving oral bioavailability of curcumin via chitosan derivatives-coated liposomes. Chen, XG; Liu, Y; Song, RX; Sun, MJ; Tian, MP; Wang, T, 2018)	0.72
" So, developing more stable curcumin nanoparticle formulations with improved curcumin bioavailability are of great importance."	( Effective suppression of the modified PHF6 peptide/1N4R Tau amyloid aggregation by intact curcumin, not its degradation products: Another evidence for the pigment as preventive/therapeutic "functional food". Adibi, H; Akbari, V; Balalaie, S; Bijari, N; Golmohammadi, F; Khodarahmi, R; Moradi, S, 2018)	1
" And we also present multiple approaches to improve bioavailability of curcumin for the treatment of pathological pain."	( Role of curcumin in the management of pathological pain. Braun, C; Cai, XY; Chen, F; Rittner, H; Sun, J; Tian, YK; Ye, DW; Zhou, YQ, 2018)	1.15
" Potential methods of increase the water solubility and bioavailability of curcumin still need to be studied."	( Role of curcumin in the management of pathological pain. Braun, C; Cai, XY; Chen, F; Rittner, H; Sun, J; Tian, YK; Ye, DW; Zhou, YQ, 2018)	1.15
" Although nutraceuticals endowed with anti-inflammatory properties exert cardioprotective activity, their bioavailability and stability are inconsistent."	( Cardioprotective Effects of Nanoemulsions Loaded with Anti-Inflammatory Nutraceuticals against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Botti, G; Coppola, C; De Capua, A; Di Cicco, C; Formisano, C; Iaffaioli, RV; Maurea, N; Narciso, V; Netti, PA; Paciello, R; Piscopo, G; Quagliariello, V; Taglialatela-Scafati, O; Vecchione, R, 2018)	0.48
" In clinical trials, curcumin has failed to demonstrate activity against pancreatic cancer possibly due to its low bioavailability and potency."	( Curcumin analogs: Their roles in pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis. Benton, L; Bethi, SR; El-Rayes, BF; Nagaraju, GP; Shoji, M, 2019)	2.28
" The main objective of the current study was to overcome these drawbacks via improved bioavailability by nanoencapsulated emulsions."	( Pickering emulsions stabilized nanocellulosic-based nanoparticles for coumarin and curcumin nanoencapsulations: In vitro release, anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Asabuwa Ngwabebhoh, F; Ilkar Erdagi, S; Yildiz, U, 2018)	0.71
" To overcome these bioavailability issues, the use of drug delivery systems providing localized or targeted delivery of this drug may represent a more viable therapeutic option."	( A Critical Review of the Properties and Analytical Methods for the Determination of Curcumin in Biological and Pharmaceutical Matrices. Carolina Alves, R; Chorilli, M; Damiani Victorelli, F; Fonseca-Santos, B; Perosa Fernandes, R, 2019)	0.74
" Recent studies indicate that the bioavailability is higher for antiretroviral drugs delivered by LFNPs than when the drugs are administered alone."	( Evaluation of the reproductive toxicity of antiretroviral drug loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles. Kondapi, AK; Madugulla, L; Ravula, AR; Yenugu, S, 2019)	0.51
" However, until recently curcumin's poor water solubility and extremely low bioavailability have presented serious challenges to its clinical applicability."	( [Noble Heart Failure Therapy Using Food Compositions]. Funamoto, M; Hasegawa, K; Katanasaka, Y; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, T; Sunagawa, Y, 2018)	0.78
" These controversies, including conflicting results of clinical trials, are thought to be related to bioavailability of curcuminoids, which is low unless it is enhanced by developing a special formulation."	( Curcuminoids and Novel Opportunities for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Which Molecules are Actually Effective? Moroz, OF; Storozhuk, MV; Zholos, AV, 2019)	2.16
"The aim of this work is to develop curcumin-loaded hollow mesoporous silica microspheres (HMSMs@curcumin) to improve the poor oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Development and evaluation of hollow mesoporous silica microspheres bearing on enhanced oral delivery of curcumin. Ding, S; Fan, Z; Gao, Y; Hai, Y; Huang, X; Li, K; Sun, J, 2019)	1
"In order to provide a solution for the poor aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability of curcumin, we present the synthesis and characteristic features of water-soluble curcumin hydrated nanoparticles (CNPs)."	( Keto-Enol Tautomerism of Temperature and pH Sensitive Hydrated Curcumin Nanoparticles: Their Role as Nanoreactors and Compatibility with Blood Cells. Ahluwalia, GK; Bakshi, MS; Gupta, A; Kaur, R; Khullar, P; Mahal, A; Singh, N, 2018)	0.94
" Since it is rapidly eliminated from the body, its oral bioavailability is low."	( Nanocurcumin ameliorates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in mouse by suppressing NF‑κB signaling and inflammation. Kesavan, M; Sankar, P; Sarkar, SN; Suresh, S; Telang, AG, 2018)	1.04
" Combination of these nano-sized dosage with poorly bioavailable drugs, unspecific target binding ability and naturally unstable curcumin further complicates the formulation aspects."	( Curcumin in combination with anti-cancer drugs: A nanomedicine review. Bahl, D; Batra, H; Pawar, S, 2019)	2.16
" In this study, liposomes encapsulated dimethyl curcumin (Lipo-DiMC) was prepared to improve the bioavailability and metabolic-stability; collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rat model was employed to investigate the effects of Lipo-DiMC treatments during CIA progress."	( Liposomes encapsulated dimethyl curcumin regulates dipeptidyl peptidase I activity, gelatinase release and cell cycle of spleen lymphocytes in-vivo to attenuate collagen induced arthritis in rats. Sun, Z; Wei, T; Zhou, X, 2018)	1.02
" As poor bioavailability limits curcumin's use, a novel gum formulation was tested allowing for direct mucosal absorption into the bloodstream."	( Curcumin gum formulation for prevention of oral cavity head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Boven, L; Holmes, SP; Khandelwal, AR; Latimer, B; Ma, X; McLarty, J; McMartin, K; Moore-Medlin, T; Nathan, CO, 2019)	2.24
"It appears that "water exclusion" is major determinant factor for increased stability/ efficacy of the bound curcumin so that some protein-curcumin systems may provide novel tools to increase both food quality and the bioavailability of curcumin as health promoting agent."	( Diverse Effects of Different "Protein-Based" Vehicles on the Stability and Bioavailability of Curcumin: Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity In Vitro. Ashrafi-Kooshk, MR; Esmaeili, S; Farzaei, MH; Ghobadi, S; Hosseinzadeh, L; Khodarahmi, R; Mirzaee, F; Zad-Bari, MR, 2019)	0.95
" However, its hydrophobicity and low oral bioavailability hampered its clinical application."	( Development of Pectin-Type B Gelatin Polyelectrolyte Complex for Curcumin Delivery in Anticancer Therapy. Chiang, YT; Chu, LL; Hou, YC; Kuo, SC; Lin, X; Shih, FY; Su, IJ, 2018)	0.72
" However, low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability limit its therapeutic potential."	( Nanoemulsions improve the efficacy of turmeric in palmitate- and high fat diet-induced cellular and animal models. Choi, MJ; Hur, J; Hwang, JS; Kang, ES; Kim, JT; Lee, EJ; Lee, SB; Lee, WJ; Seo, HG, 2019)	0.51
"6-fold) and bioavailability (107-fold) compared with the free curcumin injection."	( Glutathione-sensitive PEGylated curcumin prodrug nanomicelles: Preparation, characterization, cellular uptake and bioavailability evaluation. Adu-Frimpong, M; Sun, CY; Xu, XM; Yu, JN; Zhang, HY, 2019)	1.04
" Driven by the need to optimally increase curcumin bioavailability and bioactivity through complexation, synthetic efforts were launched to seek out stable species, ultimately leading to the synthesis and isolation of a new ternary V(IV)-curcumin-(2,2'-bipyridine) complex."	( In-depth synthetic, physicochemical and in vitro biological investigation of a new ternary V(IV) antioxidant material based on curcumin. Halevas, E; Hatzidimitriou, A; Katsipis, G; Litsardakis, G; Mitrikas, G; Pantazaki, A; Papadopoulos, TA; Salifoglou, A; Sanakis, I; Smith, GC; Swanson, CH; Ypsilantis, K, 2019)	0.98
" In the present review, the chemistry and bioavailability of curcumin and its molecular targets in breast cancer are discussed."	( Molecular targets of curcumin in breast cancer (Review). Dai, E; Luo, Y; Song, X; Zhang, M, 2019)	1.07
"The aim of this study was to prepare curcumin nanoemulsion (CR-NE) to solve the problems associated with poor water solubility and low bioavailability of CR and to test its efficiency in the treatment of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in mouse models."	( Curcumin nanoemulsion as a novel chemical for the treatment of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in mice. Amani, A; Azami, SJ; Elikaee, S; Esmaeili, F; Hasanpour, H; Keshavarz, H; Salehiniya, H; Shojaee, S; Teimouri, A, 2018)	2.2
" The oral absorption mechanism and oral bioavailability were further investigated in vitro and in vivo."	( Apically targeted oral micelles exhibit highly efficient intestinal uptake and oral absorption. Li, Y; Tu, P; Wang, J; Wang, L; Wang, X, 2018)	0.48
" The oral bioavailability of Cur was significantly improved by Val-PMs/Phe-PMs, which was about 10."	( Apically targeted oral micelles exhibit highly efficient intestinal uptake and oral absorption. Li, Y; Tu, P; Wang, J; Wang, L; Wang, X, 2018)	0.48
" Despite the multiple biological activities ascribed to curcumin as neuroprotector, its poor bioavailability and toxicity limit the success in clinical outcomes."	( Prenylated Curcumin Analogues as Multipotent Tools To Tackle Alzheimer's Disease. Belluti, F; Bisceglia, F; Catanzaro, M; De Lorenzi, E; Gervasoni, S; Lanni, C; Seghetti, F; Serra, M; Verga, L; Vistoli, G; Zusso, M, 2019)	1.15
" However, low water solubility and bioavailability of DMC causes systemic elimination and prevents its clinical application."	( Demethoxycurcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Downregulates DNA Repair Pathway to Improve Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Chen, YY; Huang, WT; Hung, CC; Lan, SJ; Lin, HY; Lin, YJ; Liu, DM; Sheu, MJ; Tu, YC, 2018)	0.9
"The main objective of this study was to develop novel BSA nanoparticles (BSA NPs) for improving the bioavailability of curcumin as an anticancer drug, and those BSA NPs were galactosylated for forming the curcumin-loaded galactosylated BSA nanoparticles (Gal-BSA-Cur NPs), thus enhancing their ability to target asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) overexpressed on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells."	( Curcumin-loaded galactosylated BSA nanoparticles as targeted drug delivery carriers inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and migration. Hu, L; Huang, S; Huang, Y; Wan, J; Wang, D; Xia, Z; Xu, W; Zheng, G, 2018)	2.13
" Like curcuminoids, limited solubility and bioavailability are the most fragile domain, which circumscribe further applications of these compounds."	( Non-Curcuminoids from Turmeric and Their Potential in Cancer Therapy and Anticancer Drug Delivery Formulations. Amalraj, A; Gopi, S; Jacob, J; Kunnumakkara, AB; Nair, A, 2019)	1.55
" A curcumin metabolite, tetrahydrocurcumin (THCUR), has anti-cancer effects and greater bioavailability than curcumin."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin, Curcumin, and 5-Fluorouracil Effects on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells. Geusz, ME; Jamasbi, RJ; Pendleton, EG, 2019)	1.54
"06-fold enhancement of oral bioavailability when compared to free Cur."	( Novel self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion based on rebaudioside A: a potential nanoplatform for oral delivery of curcumin. Hou, Y; Li, J; Li, M; Sun, F; Wang, H; Wu, X; Xin, M; Zhang, F, 2019)	0.72
" The oral bioavailability of curcumin is low due to poor aqueous solubility, alkaline instability and speedy elimination."	( Enhanced Water Dispersibility of Curcumin Encapsulated in Alginate-Polysorbate 80 Nano Particles and Bioavailability in Healthy Human Volunteers. Chandrashekarappa, J; Divakar, G; Govindaraju, R; Joshi, HK; Karki, R; Santhanam, M; Shankar, AKK, 2019)	1.09
" In healthy human volunteers, the oral bioavailability (AUC) of curcumin increased 5-fold after the consumption of curcumin nanosuspension compared to curcumin suspension."	( Enhanced Water Dispersibility of Curcumin Encapsulated in Alginate-Polysorbate 80 Nano Particles and Bioavailability in Healthy Human Volunteers. Chandrashekarappa, J; Divakar, G; Govindaraju, R; Joshi, HK; Karki, R; Santhanam, M; Shankar, AKK, 2019)	1.03
" However, the poor solubility and limited bioavailability of natural Cur limits its application in preventing GBM growth."	( Curcumin and Solid Lipid Curcumin Particles Induce Autophagy, but Inhibit Mitophagy and the PI3K-Akt/mTOR Pathway in Cultured Glioblastoma Cells. Al-Gharaibeh, A; Dunbar, GL; Maiti, P; Scott, J; Sengupta, D, 2019)	1.96
"Our aim was to investigate the cellular uptake, in vitro cytotoxicity and bioavailability of ginsenoside-modified nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with curcumin (G-NLC)."	( In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Bioavailability of Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin. Baek, JH; Baskaran, R; Sundaramoorthy, P; Vijayakumar, A; Yoo, BK, 2019)	0.93
" However, their low water solubility results in poor bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy."	( The nanoencapsulation of curcuminoids extracted from Curcuma longa L. and an evaluation of their cytotoxic, enzymatic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Bona, E; Calhelha, RC; Coqueiro, A; Dos Santos, PDF; Ferreira, ICFR; Francisco, CRL; Gonçalves, OH; Leimann, FV; Pinela, J; Porto Ineu, R, 2019)	0.82
" However, the low bioavailability of Ato limits its widespread use and clinical effectiveness."	( Synergistic effects of liposomes encapsulating atorvastatin calcium and curcumin and targeting dysfunctional endothelial cells in reducing atherosclerosis. Chen, B; Chen, X; Cheng, D; Li, X; Lin, C; Sun, W; Wang, J; Wu, T; Xiao, H, 2019)	0.75
" Curcumin is an active ingredient in the turmeric plant, which has low oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Chitosan-based delivery systems for curcumin: A review of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects. Barreto, GE; Fereydouni, N; Johnston, TP; Nemati, S; Saheb, M; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.7
" The total potential curcuminoid bioavailability (i."	( In vitro degradation of curcuminoids by faecal bacteria: Influence of method of addition of curcuminoids into buttermilk yoghurt. Ajlouni, S; Augustin, MA; Fu, S; Ng, K; Sanguansri, L, 2019)	1.14
" However, due to its poor bioavailability those therapeutic benefits are still out of reach for patient community."	( Dramatic improvement in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of sustain release curcumin microparticles demonstrated in experimental type 1 diabetes model. Anchi, P; Godugu, C; Khurana, A; Samanthula, G; Swain, D, 2019)	0.74
"The present investigation highlights the development of D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (Tocophersolan; TPGS) stabilized lipid nanocapsules for enhancing the oral bioavailability and permeability of curcumin (CUR)."	( Tocophersolan stabilized lipid nanocapsules with high drug loading to improve the permeability and oral bioavailability of curcumin. Bapat, P; Chaudhari, D; Ghadi, R; Jain, S; Katiyar, SS, 2019)	0.91
" However, the poor bioavailability of curcumin triggers finding of new approaches for elevating its therapeutic efficiency."	( Development of curcumin-loaded gemini surfactant nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell lines. Babaei, E; Feizi, MAH; Karimpour, M; Krammer, B; Mahdavi, M; Najafi, F; Verwanger, T, 2019)	1.14
" Compounds 5a27 and 5a28 showed the most potent anti-inflammatory activities and had higher structural stability and orally bioavailability than curcumin in vitro."	( Design and synthesis novel di-carbonyl analogs of curcumin (DACs) act as potent anti-inflammatory agents against LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Chen, X; Fang, B; Liang, G; Liu, Z; Qian, J; Shu, S; Zhang, W; Zhao, Y, 2019)	0.97
" mansoni eggs hatchability and viability, a ground for its use in chemotherapy of schistosomiasis mansoni and japonicum because of its increased bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract."	( In vitro effect of curcumin on Schistosoma species viability, tegument ultrastructure and egg hatchability. Abou El Dahab, MM; Mahana, NA; Mahmoud, SSM; Shahat, SM, 2019)	0.84
" In the present study, a novel formulation of curcumin as curcumin-galactomannosides (CGM) with enhanced oral bioavailability alleviated alcohol-induced liver damage in wistar rats with an increased potency compared to the unformulated natural curcuminoids (CM)."	( Curcumin-galactomannosides mitigate alcohol-induced liver damage by inhibiting oxidative stress, hepatic inflammation, and enhance bioavailability on TLR4/MMP events compared to curcumin. I M, K; John, G; Jose, S; Mohan, R; S, A; S, S; Sukumaran, S, 2019)	2.21
"Curcumin has shown to exert a positive impact on human glucose metabolism, even if its bioavailability is usually very low."	( Effects of phytosomal curcumin on anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, cortisolemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indices: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Borghi, C; Bove, M; Cicero, AFG; Fogacci, F; Giovannini, M; Sahebkar, A, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with pronounced anticancer properties, despite its low bioavailability caused by extensive glucuronidation and sulfation."	( Organic anion‑transporting polypeptides contribute to the uptake of curcumin and its main metabolites by human breast cancer cells: Impact on antitumor activity. Jaerapong, N; Jäger, W; Jamil, QA; Jarukomjorn, K; Krupitza, G; Milovanovic, D; Riha, J; Stieger, B, 2019)	2.19
"Curcumin (CM) has multiple pharmacological activities including anti-fungal activity, but its clinical application is limited due to low solubility in aqueous media, poor bioavailability and extensive first pass metabolism."	( Curcumin-Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti- Huang, J; Li, X; Meng, S; Tao, A; Wang, C; Xie, M; Xu, M; Xue, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y, 2019)	3.4
" Low bioavailability following oral administration of curcumin limits its usage in human."	( The impact of curcumin and its modified formulations on Alzheimer's disease. Farkhondeh, T; Pourbagher-Shahri, AM; Samarghandian, S; Sedaghat, M, 2019)	1.12
" Taken together, these results show that the bioavailability of the parent curcumin compound is low, and oral administration of curcumin can still deliver detectable levels of curcumin glucuronide metabolite."	( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and PKPD Modeling of Curcumin in Regulating Antioxidant and Epigenetic Gene Expression in Healthy Human Volunteers. Brunetti, L; Cheng, D; Hudlikar, R; Kong, AN; Li, W; Lin, T; Ondar, P; Poiani, G; Wang, L; Wassef, A, 2019)	0.99
"Presently, curcumin derivatives had been paid more attention in view of their high bioavailability or water solubility, which herein possibly replaced the curcumin for their functional applications in future."	( One novel curcumin derivative ZYX01 induces autophagy of human non-small lung cancer cells A549 through AMPK/ULK1/Beclin-1 signaling pathway. Sun, GC; Wang, PB; Wang, QQ; Wang, ZC; Zhou, GZ, 2019)	1.31
" The in vivo results suggest that the bioavailability of encapsulated curcumin is proportional to the ligand density rendered by double-headed nanosystems."	( Double-headed nanosystems for oral drug delivery. Arora, M; Ganugula, R; Kaur, G; Kumar, MNVR, 2019)	0.75
" Clinical application of curcumin has been limited due to its low solubility and bioavailability and rapid metabolism and degradation at physiological pH."	( Pharmacokinetic Profile of Curcumin and Nanocurcumin in Plasma, Ovary, and Other Tissues. Arozal, W; Estuningtyas, A; Fatrin, S; Hartono, G; Instiaty, I; Louisa, M; Purbadi, S; Ramadanty, WT; Satyana, RPU, 2019)	1.11
" Owing to the hydrophobic characteristics of curcumin which have resulted in low bioavailability in cancer cells, the engineering curcumin into nanoparticles is therefore a viable solution to overcomes its limitation."	( Functionalizing the surface of hydroxyapatite drug carrier with carboxylic acid groups to modulate the loading and release of curcumin nanoparticles. Lee, WH; Loo, CY; Rohanizadeh, R, 2019)	0.98
" However, its bioavailability is profoundly limited by its poor water solubility."	( Curcumin nanoparticles containing poloxamer or soluplus tailored by high pressure homogenization using antisolvent crystallization. Amini, M; Homayouni, A; Nokhodchi, A; Sohrabi, M; Varshosaz, J, 2019)	1.96
" In this study, we have increased the bioavailability of curcumin by encapsulating it in a liposome, followed by the incorporation onto 3D printed (3DP) calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds with designed porosity."	( Liposome-Encapsulated Curcumin-Loaded 3D Printed Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering. Bose, S; Sarkar, N, 2019)	1.07
"Curcumin, which is a potential antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective compound, exhibits poor bioavailability in brain cells due to its difficulty in crossing the blood⁻brain barrier and its rapid metabolism during circulation, which decreases its efficacy in treating chronic neuroinflammatory diseases in the central nervous system."	( Antineuroinflammatory Activities and Neurotoxicological Assessment of Curcumin Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on LPS-Stimulated BV-2 Microglia Cell Models. Choi, DK; Ganesan, P; Karthivashan, G; Kim, B; Kim, JS; Ko, YT; Park, S; Ramalaingam, P; Revuri, V, 2019)	2.19
" Our results demonstrated that Exo improved the solubility and bioavailability of cur and increased drug penetration across the BBB by specific active targeting between Exo, inheriting the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)."	( Curcumin-primed exosomes potently ameliorate cognitive function in AD mice by inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein through the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Jiang, Y; Liang, J; Shi, Y; Sui, H; Wang, H; Zhao, L; Zheng, Y, 2019)	1.96
"Natural compounds have significant anticancer pharmacological activities, but often suffer from low bioavailability and selectivity that limit therapeutic use."	( Advances in phytochemical delivery systems for improved anticancer activity. Bishayee, A; Lagoa, R; Rodrigues, JR; Silva, J, )	0.13
" However, curcumin has been found to have a limited bioavailability because of its hydrophobic nature, low-intestinal absorption, and rapid metabolism."	( Biological properties of metal complexes of curcumin. Johnston, TP; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A; Shakeri, A, 2019)	1.18
" Curcumin or THC complexes in HP-CDs with improved bioavailability also induced anti-oxidant activity (SOD1, CAT1, and HMOX1) in higher levels in the ocular epithelial cells and showed oxidative protection effects in rabbit cornea tissues that will boost up their application in ocular medicine."	( Evaluation of epithelial transport and oxidative stress protection of nanoengineered curcumin derivative-cyclodextrin formulation for ocular delivery. Cho, KH; Jin, M; Kim, D; Kim, MS; Maharjan, A; Maharjan, P; Min, KA; Shin, MC; Yang, J, 2019)	1.65
" However, its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability have to be overcome before it goes into clinic use."	( Treatment of metastatic lung cancer via inhalation administration of curcumin composite particles based on mesoporous silica. Chen, X; Fu, T; Jing, J; Li, J; Lu, M; Meng, Z; Su, W; Wei, T; Yao, W; Zhu, H, 2019)	0.75
"One of the most effective strategies to enhance the bioavailability and the therapeutic effect of hydrophobic drugs is the use of nanocarriers."	( Enhanced effects of curcumin encapsulated in polycaprolactone-grafted oligocarrageenan nanomicelles, a novel nanoparticle drug delivery system. Bénard, S; Bhaw-Luximon, A; Casale, S; Catan, A; Couprie, J; Diotel, N; Gimié, F; Giraud, P; Jhurry, D; Koshel, D; Lallemand, L; Lefebvre D'Hellencourt, C; Meilhac, O; Meneyrol, V; Youssouf, L, 2019)	0.84
" The primary reason that has obstructed its application in clinic has been its low bioavailability which was seen\ in different clinical trials but there has been tremendous progress in developing formulations of curcumin which have\ significantly increased its bioavailability and are being tested in clinical trials."	( The Therapeutic and Preventive Efficacy of Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Esophageal Cancer Chaudhary, S; Komal, K; Parmanik, R; Singh, M; Yadav, P, 2019)	0.96
" Yet, a significant amount of the orally dosed compound is eliminated in the feces, and a major fraction of the absorbed compound is metabolized to inactive glucuronides, resulting in poor bioavailability (<1%)."	( Chemopreventive efficacy of oral curcumin: a prodrug hypothesis. Grill, A; Khanna, V; Kirtane, A; Liu, G; Panyam, J, 2019)	0.8
"Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, has many biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties, yet, its sensitivity to light, oxygen, and heat, and its low solubility in water renders its preservation and bioavailability challenging."	( Preparation, Characterization, and Release Kinetics of Chitosan-Coated Nanoliposomes Encapsulating Curcumin in Simulated Environments. Arab-Tehrany, E; Elkhoury, K; Hasan, M; Kahn, CJF; Linder, M, 2019)	2.17
"In this work, the effect of β-sitosterol (Sito) on vesicle characteristics, physicochemical stability as well as the in vitro release and bioavailability of curcumin-loaded liposomes (Cur-LP) was studied."	( Effect of β-sitosterol on the curcumin-loaded liposomes: Vesicle characteristics, physicochemical stability, in vitro release and bioavailability. Gao, Y; He, X; Mao, L; Rappolt, M; Tai, K; Wei, Y; Yuan, F; Zhang, J; Zhu, S, 2019)	1
" However, its low bioavailability and limited transport ability across the blood-brain barrier are two major drawbacks of its application in the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases."	( Neuroprotective Potential of Curcumin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease: Behavioral and Biochemical Evidence. Akbari Javar, H; Azadi, A; Derakhshankhah, H; Hamidi, M; Izadi, Z; Kurd, M; Sadegh Malvajerd, S; Sharifzadeh, M, 2019)	0.81
" The solubility of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal fluids revealed that the significant increase of bioavailability takes place in the small intestinal fluid."	( Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Agents for Improving Solubility, Stability and Delivery of Curcumin. Cysewski, P; Jeliński, T; Przybyłek, M, 2019)	1.06
" marcescens-infected nematodes with HNTs+Curc/DX nanocontainers completely restored the longevity, demonstrating the enhanced bioavailability of hydrophobic curcumin."	( Selective Antimicrobial Effects of Curcumin@Halloysite Nanoformulation: A Caenorhabditis elegans Study. Akhatova, F; Fakhrullin, R; Fakhrullina, G; Khakimova, E; Lazzara, G; Parisi, F, 2019)	0.99
"The poor water solubility and oral bioavailability of many lipophilic polyphenols can be improved through the use of colloidal delivery systems."	( Encapsulation of Lipophilic Polyphenols into Nanoliposomes Using pH-Driven Method: Advantages and Disadvantages. Liu, C; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Peng, S; Zhou, W; Zou, L, 2019)	0.51
" Recent advancements toward increasing the therapeutic efficacy of curcuma/curcumin formulation and the novel delivery strategies employed to overcome its minimal bioavailability and toxicity studies have also been discussed."	( Benefits of curcumin in brain disorders. Bhat, A; Chandra, R; Chidambaram, SB; Hediyal, TA; Mahalakshmi, AM; Manthiannem, E; Padamati, J; Ray, B; Sakharkar, MK; Tuladhar, S, 2019)	1.12
" Therefore, an attempt was made to enhance permeability and bioavailability of EGCG using curcumin to treat hyperlipidemia."	( Curcumin as a permeability enhancer enhanced the antihyperlipidemic activity of dietary green tea extract. Dalal, PS; Joshi, SR; Pandit, AP; Patole, VC, 2019)	2.18
" Curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric has shown protective efficacy against oxidative damage due to its strong antioxidant potential, but its efficiency is restricted due to low bioavailability in the mitochondria."	( Synthesis, characterization and efficacy of mitochondrial targeted delivery of TPP-curcumin in rotenone-induced toxicity. Hasan, W; Jat, D; Kori, RK; Thakre, K; Yadav, RS, 2019)	1.65
"The results of the present study indicate that the protective efficacy of MTC against rotenone-induced oxidative damage was more promising than curcumin in both in-vitro and in-vivo system which indicates the enhanced bioavailability of MTC."	( Synthesis, characterization and efficacy of mitochondrial targeted delivery of TPP-curcumin in rotenone-induced toxicity. Hasan, W; Jat, D; Kori, RK; Thakre, K; Yadav, RS, 2019)	0.94
" In silico studies showed that bioavailability and BBB permeability could be favorable for ambrosin over curcumin."	( Ambrosin, a potent NF-κβ inhibitor, ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced memory impairment, comparison to curcumin. Choucry, MA; El Awdan, SA; El Senousy, AS; El-Marasy, SA; Hassan, A; Khalil, MNA; Omar, FA, 2019)	0.94
" Converting Curcumin to its nano form increased its bioavailability exponentially allowing it to play a vital role in the process of wound healing."	( Enhanced wound healing by PVA/Chitosan/Curcumin patches: In vitro and in vivo study. Arpana, C; Balashanmugam, P; J, P; K S, V; M, K; R, N; Venkatasubbu, GD, 2019)	1.16
"The low solubility, instability, and low bioavailability of food bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, restrict their applications in the fields of food science and nutrition."	( Fabrication, structure, and function evaluation of the ferritin based nano-carrier for food bioactive compounds. Blanchard, C; Liu, J; Liu, Y; Meng, D; Yang, R; Zhang, Y; Zhou, Z, 2019)	0.51
"Nanoparticle formulations improve bioavailability and so may allow low-dose formulations of food-derived compounds such as curcumin to attenuate chronic systemic disease despite intrinsically low oral bioavailability."	( Low-Dose Curcumin Nanoparticles Normalise Blood Pressure in Male Wistar Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Arora, M; Brown, L; du Preez, R; Pahl, J; Panchal, SK; Ravi Kumar, MNV, 2019)	1.14
" Numerous nanoformulations, including solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and liposomes, have been formulated to enhance the bioavailability and stability, as well as the therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols."	( Pharmaceutical Topical Delivery of Poorly Soluble Polyphenols: Potential Role in Prevention and Treatment of Melanoma. Ashby, CR; Chauhan, H; Heenatigala Palliyage, G; Singh, S; Tiwari, AK, 2019)	0.51
" The bioavailability of curcumin is negligible due to its poor aqueous solubility."	( Self-Assembling Topical Nanomicellar Formulation to Improve Curcumin Absorption Across Ocular Tissues. Alshamrani, M; Coulibaly, F; Mandal, A; Mitra, AK; Pal, D; Sikder, S, 2019)	1.06
" But curcumin has low bioavailability issues that accompany low aqueous solubility, further, when administered orally, >90% of the drug degrades rapidly in the alkaline medium."	( UV Spectrophotometric method for characterization of curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid nanocarriers in simulated conditions: Method development, in-vitro and ex-vivo applications in topical delivery. Dubey, SK; Gorantla, S; Kaul, V; Pandey, MM; Rapalli, VK; Singhvi, G; Waghule, T, 2020)	1.32
"The present study aims to evaluate the antiarthritic activity of diacetylcurcumin (DAC), a synthetic derivative where the free phenolic groups of curcumin are derivatized by acetylation, thereby conferring greater lipophilicity to the parent molecule and partially overcoming the limited systemic bioavailability of curcumin."	( Diacetylcurcumin: Its Potential Antiarthritic Effect on a Freund's Complete Adjuvant-Induced Murine Model. Carrillo-López, MI; Deveze-Álvarez, MA; Enríquez, RG; Escobedo-Martínez, C; Guzmán-Gutiérrez, SL; Meza-Morales, W; Trujillo-Valdivia, A, 2019)	1.18
" However, the poor stability, solubility, in vivo bioavailability and weak activity of CU greatly limit its clinical application."	( Recent advances of analogues of curcumin for treatment of cancer. Pi, C; Wei, Y; Ye, Y; Zhao, L; Zhao, S, 2019)	0.8
" While curcumin has been the most extensively studied of the curcuminoids, it suffers from low overall oral bioavailability due to extremely low absorption as a result of low water solubility and instability at acidic pH, as well as rapid metabolism and clearance from the body."	( Demethoxycurcumin: A naturally occurring curcumin analogue for treating non-cancerous diseases. Hatamipour, M; Johnston, TP; Ramezani, M; Sahebkar, A; Tabassi, SAS, 2019)	1.39
" According to the results of this study, the system can serve as a promising non-spherical delivery vehicle for enhancing bioavailability and targeting of hydrophobic anticancer agents in the future."	( Flower-like curcumin-loaded folic acid-conjugated ZnO-MPA- βcyclodextrin nanostructures enhanced anticancer activity and cellular uptake of curcumin in breast cancer cells. Fakhroueian, Z; Ghaffari, SB; Khorramizadeh, MR; Sarrafzadeh, MH, 2019)	0.89
" Due to the poor stability,low solubility,poor absorption and low bioavailability of curcumin,N-acetyl-L-cysteine( NAC) was used as an absorption enhancer and mixed with curcumin to improve the absorption of curcumin in the body."	( [Effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on bioavailability and brain distribution of curcumin by nasal delivery]. Chen, XY; Fu, TM; Jing, J; Meng, ZP; Su, WQ; Wei, TX; Wu, XX; Zhu, HX, 2019)	0.97
" The main aim of this study is to develop curcumin-loaded solid nanoparticles (Cur-SLN) in order to increase curcumin bioavailability and to evaluate their radiosensitizing ability in comparison to free curcumin (free-Cur), by using an in vitro approach on BC cell lines."	( Radiosensitizing effect of curcumin-loaded lipid nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. Abbate, B; Amore, E; Baglio, M; Bonanomi, M; Bondì, ML; Bravatà, V; Cammarata, FP; Evangelista, G; Forte, GI; Gaglio, D; Gilardi, MC; Iacoviello, G; Militello, C; Minafra, L; Porcino, N; Russo, G; Savoca, G, 2019)	1.08
"The higher bioavailability of the photosensitizing compound curcumin when bound to serum albumin may be exploited to increase the efficiency of the drug in photodynamic therapy of tumors."	( Enhanced photosensitizing properties of protein bound curcumin. Abbruzzetti, S; Bianchini, P; Cavanna, L; Corrado, M; Cozzolino, M; Delcanale, P; Diaspro, A; Giorgio, C; Montali, C; Tognolini, M; Viappiani, C, 2019)	1
"A major obstacle to the clinical use of curcumin (CUR) is its reduced bioavailability because of the drug's hydrophobic nature, low intestinal absorption, and rapid metabolism."	( BSA Nanoparticles Modified with Asghar, S; Chen, Z; Hu, Z; Ping, Q; Shao, F; Xiao, Y; Yu, F; Zhang, S, 2019)	0.78
" Because one of the largest impediments for widespread curcumin application is its limited bioavailability (caused mainly by its very low water solubility), studied strategies (drug delivery systems and curcumin derivatization) aimed to solve this obstacle are discussed in more detail."	( Strategy for improved therapeutic efficiency of curcumin in the treatment of gastric cancer. Antonyová, V; Dytrych, P; Hromádka, R; Jakubek, M; Kaplánek, R; Kejík, Z; Král, V; Martásek, P; Mikula, I; Šandriková, V; Sýkora, D; Urban, M, 2019)	1.02
" Simulated gastric and intestinal digestion and a cell uptake assay were implemented for the curcumin-loaded MCT/water Pickering emulsion to study its demulsification and the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Medium-chain triglyceride/water Pickering emulsion stabilized by phosphatidylcholine-kaolinite for encapsulation and controlled release of curcumin. Cai, X; Li, C; Tang, Q; Wang, L; Xie, X; Zhang, G; Zhen, B; Zhou, C, 2019)	0.94
"To control the oral bioavailability of curcumin, we fabricated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using tristearin and polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated emulsifiers."	( Enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin using solid lipid nanoparticles. Ban, C; Choi, YJ; Han, JY; Jo, M; Kim, JH; Kweon, DH; Lee, KW; Park, YH, 2020)	1.1
"Curcumin (Cur) has been reported to have anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity but its poor oral bioavailability limits its further development as a chemotherapeutic agent."	( Curcumin diethyl disuccinate, a prodrug of curcumin, enhances anti-proliferative effect of curcumin against HepG2 cells via apoptosis induction. Jithavech, P; Muangnoi, C; Paraoan, L; Patumraj, S; Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, P; Rojsitthisak, P; Supasena, W, 2019)	3.4
" These results suggest that MST may be effective in enhancing the bioavailability of ginkgolide A in GBE."	( Mixing Ginkgo biloba Extract with Sesame Extract and Turmeric Oil Increases Bioavailability of Ginkgolide A in Mice Brain. Ayaki, I; Iwamoto, K; Kawamoto, H; Matsumura, S; Moriyama, T; Takeshita, F; Zaima, N, 2019)	0.51
" However, the clinical application of curcumin has been restricted by the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of this molecule."	( Oral Curcumin via Hydrophobic Porous Silicon Carrier: Preparation, Characterization, and Toxicological Evaluation In Vivo. Ge, Y; Li, J; Li, W; Liu, D; Wang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, M; Zheng, T; Zhu, X, 2019)	1.3
"Curcumin, the major bioactive constituent of turmeric, has been reported to have a wide range of pharmacological benefits; however, the low solubility in water has restricted its systemic bioavailability and therapeutic potential."	( Effect of Oh, S; Yong, CC; Yoo, HS; Yoon, Y, 2019)	1.96
" Finally, after the in vitro simulated digestion process, the potential curcumin bioavailability was evaluated and the data suggested that Mix-O/W nanoemulsions provided more than twice the amount of curcumin compared to Cas-O/W nanoemulsions."	( Enhanced Curcumin Bioavailability through Nonionic Surfactant/Caseinate Mixed Nanoemulsions. Cuomo, F; Lopez, F; Marconi, E; Messia, MC; Perugini, L, 2019)	1.16
" The findings suggest that the positively charged magnetic liposomal nanoformulations can generate increased concentration of their cargo at the DNA site, offering a further dimension in the importance of cationic liposomes as nanocarriers of hydrophobic anticancer metal ion complexes for the development of new multifunctional pharmaceutical nanomaterials with enhanced bioavailability and targeted antitumor activity."	( Magnetic cationic liposomal nanocarriers for the efficient drug delivery of a curcumin-based vanadium complex with anticancer potential. Hadjispyrou, S; Halevas, E; Litsardakis, G; Mavroidi, B; Moschona, A; Pantazaki, AA; Pelecanou, M; Salifoglou, A; Smith, GC; Swanson, CH, 2019)	0.74
" Liposomes efficiently encapsulate curcumin and bromocriptine (BR) in a polymer structure, which results in enhanced aqueous solubility of the mentioned hydrophobic agents and higher bioavailability of the drugs."	( Co-Administration of Curcumin and Bromocriptine Nano-liposomes for Induction of Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells Asadi, H; Mansoori, A; Movafagh, A; Sadeghizadeh, M; Shahraeini, SS; Sheikhpour, M; Yazdian, F, 2020)	1.15
" Despite its range of reported pharmacological effects, it has poor bioavailability during oral administration and poor solubility and so, it is limited in its clinical applicability."	( Curcumin analogues and their hybrid molecules as multifunctional drugs. Al-Footy, KO; El-Shishtawy, RM; Noureddin, SA, 2019)	1.96
" The two systems were loaded with resveratrol (RSV), a hydrophobic polyphenol endowed with anti-cancerogenic, anti-inflammatory, and heart/brain protective effects, but with low bioavailability mainly due to poor aqueous solubility."	( Chitosan Oleate Coated Poly Lactic-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles versus Chitosan Oleate Self-Assembled Polymeric Micelles, Loaded with Resveratrol. Bonferoni, MC; Catenacci, L; Dacarro, G; Ferrari, F; Malavasi, L; Miele, D; Rossi, S; Sandri, G; Sorrenti, M, 2019)	0.51
" Thus, a new highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation (comprising turmeric extract, acacia gum, sunflower oil and quillaia extract) has been developed and is intended for use as a food ingredient."	( Toxicological safety evaluation of a novel highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation. Ahlborn, E; Baldwin, NJ; Fança-Berthon, P; Phipps, KR; Privat, K; Quesnot, N, 2020)	0.56
" We examined the most relevant in vitro and in vivo studies published to date regarding the use of curcumin in inflammatory, neoplastic, and infectious skin diseases, providing information on its bioavailability and safety profile."	( Potential of Curcumin in Skin Disorders. Bianchi, L; Campione, E; Dika, E; Falconi, M; Gaziano, R; Iacovelli, F; Terracciano, C; Vollono, L, 2019)	1.1
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" There has been a continually increasing interest to formulate nanoformulations of phytochemicals by using various nanocarriers, such as liposomes, micelles, nanoemulsions, and nanoparticles, to improve their bioavailability and target specificity, thereby maximizing the therapeutic potential."	( Phytochemicals based chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies and modern technologies to overcome limitations for better clinical applications. Ansari, MI; Arora, D; Sharma, PK; Singh, VK, 2019)	0.51
" However, the clinical use of zinc(II) complexes is hampered by hydrolytic insolubility and poor bioavailability and their anticancer mechanisms remain unclear."	( Zn(II)-curcumin solid dispersion impairs hepatocellular carcinoma growth and enhances chemotherapy by modulating gut microbiota-mediated zinc homeostasis. Lin, C; Mei, X; Sun, W; Wang, J; Wu, R; Xu, D; Xue, R; Xue, T; Ye, Y; Zhang, J, 2019)	0.97
" In addition, increasing curcumin's bioavailability could benefit future research."	( The effect of curcumin on cognition in Alzheimer's disease and healthy aging: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies. Prickaerts, J; van Amelsvoort, TAMJ; Vingerhoets, C; Voulgaropoulou, SD, 2019)	1.18
" However, its high hydrophobicity and poor bioavailability limit its medical application."	( Analysis of toxicity and anticancer activity of micelles of sodium alginate-curcumin. Bereta, J; Bzowska, M; Cierniak, A; Dyduch, G; Karabasz, A; Karewicz, A; Lachowicz, D; Mezyk-Kopec, R; Stalińska, K; Werner, E, 2019)	0.74
"In spite of their extensive medicinal properties, cur and curcuminoids have poor solubility and bioavailability due to their hydrophobicity."	( Curcumin-C3 Complexed with α-, β-cyclodextrin Exhibits Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties Suitable for Cancer Treatments. Huang, FY; Kumar, R; Reddy, DNK; Wang, SP, 2019)	2.2
" Subsequently, pharmacokinetic study showed that the oral bioavailability of WZ35 is 10."	( Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolic Characterization of a Mono-Carbonyl Curcumin Analog WZ35. Chen, D; Hu, G; Jin, J; Li, Y; Liu, Z; Mahoo, J; Pan, L; Shu, S; Sun, W; Wang, G; Wang, Z; Zhang, X, 2020)	0.79
"Curcumin, a primary active element of turmeric, has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, but its low bioavailability is a major hurdle in its pharmaceutical applications."	( Acid-activatable polymeric curcumin nanoparticles as therapeutic agents for osteoarthritis. Hyeon, H; Jung, E; Kang, C; Lee, D; Seon, S, 2020)	2.3
" However, its low aqueous solubility inhibits the oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( Pharmaceutical strategies of improving oral systemic bioavailability of curcumin for clinical application. He, H; Ma, Z; Tang, X; Wang, N, 2019)	0.98
" Most curcumin pharmacokinetics studies in humans designed to assess its absorption and bioavailability have measured and reported total (free plus conjugated) curcumin, but not free, bioactive curcumin in the plasma because enzymatic hydrolysis was employed prior to its extraction and analysis."	( The fallacy of enzymatic hydrolysis for the determination of bioactive curcumin in plasma samples as an indication of bioavailability: a comparative study. Bucci, LR; Chen, CYO; Ji, J; Preuss, HG; Ray, SD; Ruff, KJ; Stohs, SJ, 2019)	1.23
" In addition, the literature was searched for pharmacokinetic studies involving curcumin using PubMed and Google Scholar, and the reported bioavailability data were compared based on whether hydrolysis of plasma samples was used prior to sample analysis."	( The fallacy of enzymatic hydrolysis for the determination of bioactive curcumin in plasma samples as an indication of bioavailability: a comparative study. Bucci, LR; Chen, CYO; Ji, J; Preuss, HG; Ray, SD; Ruff, KJ; Stohs, SJ, 2019)	0.97
" Additionally, the results of cellular uptake, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution showed that Cur-P-NPs had a good effect on cellular uptake and tumor targeting, resulting in the best bioavailability in tumor therapy."	( Dual functional matrix metalloproteinase-responsive curcumin-loaded nanoparticles for tumor-targeted treatment. Fu, Q; Gao, Y; Guo, F; Hong, W; Ji, X; Jin, C; Li, A; Wu, D; Yan, Q; Yang, G; Yang, Q, 2019)	0.76
"In the current research, a novel curcumin nanoemulsion (Cur-NE) was developed for improving in vitro permeability and bioavailability via pulmonary administration."	( In vitro Permeability and Bioavailability Enhancement of Curcumin by Nanoemulsion via Pulmonary Administration. Fan, B; Li, Z; Qu, Y; Shi, L; Tang, J; Xu, H, 2019)	1.04
" The pharmacokinetic study in rabbits, the absolute bioavailability of curcumin for Cur-NE was 24."	( In vitro Permeability and Bioavailability Enhancement of Curcumin by Nanoemulsion via Pulmonary Administration. Fan, B; Li, Z; Qu, Y; Shi, L; Tang, J; Xu, H, 2019)	0.99
" However, poor bioavailability and inadequate bioactivity severely limit their application."	( Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. He, D; Hu, X; Huang, Y; Li, K; Li, Y; Yang, M; Yu, Z; Zhang, J; Zhao, H, 2020)	0.56
" Pharmacokinetics study showed the relative bioavailability of the CUR in sustained-release solid dispersion to CUR was 223."	( The Preparation of Curcumin Sustained-Release Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion-Ⅱ. Optimization of Preparation Process and Evaluation In Vitro and In Vivo. Di, L; Fan, W; Zhang, X; Zhu, W, 2020)	0.89
" However, poor oral bioavailability of curcumin has limited its oral usage as a food supplement and medical food."	( Bioactivity Evaluation of a Novel Formulated Curcumin. Chuang, KL; Dao, AH; Hsu, WH; Huang, CF; Huang, ZY; Liao, SC; Lin, KT; Su, CL; Tsai, TH; Tseng, CL, 2019)	1.04
" Incorporating existing research that focuses on the optimization of curcumin's bioavailability and the latest transdermal delivery technology, we propose, below, a hypothetical in vivo study to test whether a targeted daily dose of bioavailable curcumin has a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, potentially reducing the incidence of breast cancer over time."	( Targeted Transdermal Delivery of Curcumin for Breast Cancer Prevention. Atlan, M; Neman, J, 2019)	1.03
"We combined PD with curcumin (CU), an effective monomer from traditional Chinese medicine, and human serum albumin (HSA) in a nanoparticulate system (N-PD/CU) to compensate for the poor bioavailability of PD and CU."	( Co-Delivery of Prednisolone and Curcumin in Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Effective Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Li, C; Li, H; Lin, Y; Tang, C; Yan, F; Zhong, Z; Zhou, M, 2019)	1.12
" Although the deposition and bioavailability have been extensively studied, little is known about the biofate, which influences the drug release and absorption process of NCs."	( Size effect of curcumin nanocrystals on dissolution, airway mucosa penetration, lung tissue distribution and absorption by pulmonary delivery. He, Y; Li, HF; Li, T; Liang, Y; Liao, Y; Mak, JCW; Yan, R; Zheng, Y, 2020)	0.91
" However, use of a formulation of curcumin with higher bioavailability or combining it with berberine as a co-treatment may be proving to be more efficacious against cancer."	( Combination treatment of berberine and solid lipid curcumin particles increased cell death and inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway of human cultured glioblastoma cells more effectively than did individual treatments. Dunbar, GL; Maiti, P; Plemmons, A, 2019)	1.04
"Previous studies have shown that curcumin (Cur) induced by ultrasound has protective effects on atherosclerosis even if low bioavailability of the Cur."	( Sonodynamic therapy in atherosclerosis by curcumin nanosuspensions: Preparation design, efficacy evaluation, and mechanisms analysis. Chen, Z; Hu, D; Jiang, J; Jiang, L; Lian, M; Liu, X; Peng, H; Wang, J; Wang, N; Zhang, C; Zhao, M, 2020)	1.1
"All results demonstrated that Gal-BSA NPs could improve the intestinal absorption capacity and oral bioavailability of curcumin through the double absorption mechanisms of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis and the passive transport."	( Evaluation of Intestinal Absorption Mechanism and Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin-Loaded Galactosylated Albumin Nanoparticles. Deng, S; Huang, Y; Liu, Y; Luo, X; Pan, J; Wang, M; Xia, Z; Xu, W, 2019)	0.96
" Recently, nanomicelle curcumin has been developed to increase the oral bioavailability of curcumin."	( The Effect of Nanocurcumin in Improvement of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Davoudian, N; Hashemzadeh, K; Jaafari, MR; Mirfeizi, Z, 2020)	1.2
" Factors such as brain penetrance and bioavailability have limited the advancement of potential antioxidant and iron chelator therapies for PD."	( Deferoxamine and Curcumin Loaded Nanocarriers Protect Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity. Mursaleen, L; Somavarapu, S; Zariwala, MG, 2020)	0.9
" These findings revealed the tubular α-lac PSs could be a promising oral drug delivery system targeted to mucosal for improving absorption and bioavailability of hydrophobic bioactive ingredients."	( Enhanced Transport of Shape and Rigidity-Tuned α-Lactalbumin Nanotubes across Intestinal Mucus and Cellular Barriers. Bao, C; Chai, J; Jiao, L; Li, B; Li, D; Li, Y; Liu, B; Ren, F; Shi, X; Yu, Z; Zhang, L, 2020)	0.56
" It appears that poor absorption and bioavailability of natural compounds may be one of the reasons for realizing their full potential."	( Potential of phytochemicals as immune-regulatory compounds in atopic diseases: A review. Naura, AS; Sharma, S, 2020)	0.56
" In this work, the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin (Cur) were enhanced by entrapment in a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer, and a polyplex was formed by grafting Bcl-2 siRNA onto the surface amine groups to produce PAMAM-Cur/Bcl-2 siRNA nanoparticles (NPs)."	( Co-delivery of curcumin and Bcl-2 siRNA by PAMAM dendrimers for enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy in HeLa cancer cells. Baradaran, B; Dehghan, G; Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi, J; Ghaffari, M; Hamblin, MR; Mansoori, B; Soleymani, J; Zarebkohan, A, 2020)	1.16
" The limitations of a curcumin as a therapeutic anticancer product including low bioavailability and poor targeting are mentioned."	( Curcumin: From a controversial "panacea" to effective antineoplastic products. Liao, DF; Lin, LM; Shi, Z; Tuo, QH; Wu, P; Xia, BH; Xiang, DB; Yan, QZ; Zeng, YL; Zhang, KQ, 2020)	2.32
"Curcumin (Cur) has medicinal properties, undergoes hydrolysis, and has low water solubility that limits its bioavailability and industrial usage."	( Interaction of carbon nanotubes with curcumin: Effect of temperature and pH on simultaneous static and dynamic fluorescence quenching of curcumin using carbon nanotubes. Patra, D; Youssef, L, 2020)	2.27
" The liver accumulation of CS-ZTO-SLN was higher than ZTO-SLN (chitosan-uncoated particles) by analysis of tissue homogenate using HPLC, and the bioavailability of ZTO was also obviously improved."	( Chitosan mediated solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced liver delivery of zedoary turmeric oil in vivo. Chen, Z; Jiang, J; Jiang, L; Li, M; Lian, M; Liu, X; Peng, H; Tang, S; Wang, F; Wang, Q; Yang, B; Zheng, P; Zhou, Y, 2020)	0.56
" In the present study, we performed screening analysis using a curcumin derivative library with the aim of finding derivatives effective in suppressing Aβ production with improved bioavailability of curcumin using CHO cells that stably express human amyloid-β precursor protein and using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells."	( Curcumin Derivative GT863 Inhibits Amyloid-Beta Production via Inhibition of Protein N-Glycosylation. Fujiwara, H; Funamoto, S; Futai, E; Higashiura, R; Imai, S; Noguchi, N; Okuda, M; Sugimoto, H; Takahachi, M; Urano, Y, 2020)	2.24
" However, natural agents have several shortages in their bioavailability and stability when used in vivo."	( Topical application of curcumin regulates the angiogenesis in diabetic-impaired cutaneous wound. Dalirfardouei, R; Dehghani, S; Ebrahimi Nik, M; Jaafari, MR; Jafari Najaf Abadi, MH; Mahdipour, E, 2020)	0.87
" It is therefore suspected that curcumin and its metabolites have a direct regulatory effect on gut microflora and vice versa, which may explain the paradox between curcumin's poor bioavailability and its commonly reported therapeutic effects."	( Mutual Two-Way Interactions of Curcumin and Gut Microbiota. Januszewski, S; Pluta, R; Ułamek-Kozioł, M, 2020)	1.13
" Notwithstanding, it also exhibits poor solubility and bioavailability that may compromise its clinical application to a great extent."	( Curcumin Delivery Mediated by Bio-Based Nanoparticles: A Review. Abadi, B; Ashrafizadeh, M; Keyhanvar, P; Khanbabaei, H; Moballegh Nasery, M; Mohammadinejad, R; Poormoghadam, D; Sethi, G; Tavakol, S; Zarrabi, A, 2020)	2
" The solubility, stability, antioxidant activity, and in vitro bioavailability of the curcumin were significantly increased after loading into the CLCSNs."	( A novel pectin from Akebia trifoliata var. australis fruit peel and its use as a wall-material to coat curcumin-loaded zein nanoparticle. Cai, T; Deng, S; Mao, J; Peng, H; Xiao, P; Yu, N; Zhou, Y, 2020)	1
" The low oral bioavailability of curcumin may be speculated as a plausible factor that limits its effects in humans."	( Role of curcumin and its nanoformulations in neurotherapeutics: A comprehensive review. Jaiswal, P; Mandal, M; Mishra, A, 2020)	1.27
" However, the drawbacks of curcumin such as poor stability and bioavailability seriously limited its application in drug development."	( Orientation-Inspired Perspective on Molecular Inhibitor of Tau Aggregation by Curcumin Conjugated with Ruthenium(II) Complex Scaffold. Hu, X; Liu, W; Shi, S; Tu, Y; Yao, T; Zhou, L, 2020)	1.08
" Using these forms of highly bioavailable curcumin now enable a broad spectrum of appropriate studies to be conducted."	( Highly Bioavailable Forms of Curcumin and Promising Avenues for Curcumin-Based Research and Application: A Review. Bucci, LR; Chen, O; Ji, J; Preuss, HG; Ray, SD; Stohs, SJ, 2020)	1.11
"Curcumin faces a major challenge in clinical use due to its poor aqueous solubility, which affects its bioavailability over oral use."	( Characterization and Dissolution Study of Micellar Curcumin-Spray Dried Powder for Oral Delivery. Isadiartuti, D; Rijal, MAS; Wijiani, N; Yusuf, H, 2020)	2.25
" However, the hydrophobic nature, poor bioavailability and low cellular uptake of most natural agents limit their therapeutic effectiveness."	( Efficient synergistic combination effect of Quercetin with Curcumin on breast cancer cell apoptosis through their loading into Apo ferritin cavity. Alberti, D; Bitonto, V; Geninatti Crich, S; Khoee, S; Mansourizadeh, F; Sepehri, H; Tripepi, M, 2020)	0.8
" Unfortunately, this novel compound has poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability that limit its pharmaceutical effects."	( Preparation of curcumin-poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride based nanocapsules: Piperine in nanocapsules accelerates encapsulation and release of curcumin and effectiveness against colon cancer cells. Baydoun, E; Borjac, J; Moubarak, A; Patra, D; Slika, L, 2020)	0.91
" We used High-density lipoprotein-mimicking peptide-phospholipid scaffold (HPPS) as a carrier to improve the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Targeted immunomodulation of inflammatory monocytes across the blood-brain barrier by curcumin-loaded nanoparticles delays the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Chen, Y; Huang, S; Lu, L; Luo, H; Luo, Q; Qi, S; Yu, X; Zhang, Z, 2020)	0.99
" Many technologies have been developed and applied to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin, especially the nanotechnology-based delivery systems."	( Acute Damage to the Sperm Quality and Spermatogenesis in Male Mice Exposed to Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles. Hu, Y; Liu, Q; Wang, L; Xia, X; Yang, X, 2020)	1
" Herein, novel soluble supramolecular complexes of the two curcuminoids were firstly prepared by integrating phospholipid (PC) compound technology and a hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) inclusion technique to enhance the bioavailability of the curcuminoids."	( Phospholipid/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin supramolecular complexes are promising candidates for efficient oral delivery of curcuminoids. He, D; Jiang, R; Li, K; Luo, J; Wang, H; Xie, J; Xie, X; Yang, Q; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y, 2020)	1.01
" Although curcumin is a safe and promising phytochemical, it suffers from bioavailability problems that limit its therapeutic efficacy."	( Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review. Patra, D; Slika, L, 2020)	1.2
"Curcumin is known as an effective anticancer herbal medicine but unfortunately, its bioavailability is poor which necessitate efforts for developing more efficient and specific delivery systems."	( Cytotoxicity evaluation of curcumin-loaded affibody-decorated liposomes against breast cancerous cell lines. Behnam, B; Eslaminejad, T; Mandegary, A; Moballegh-Nasery, M; Mohammadi, M; Pardakhti, A; Zeinali, M, 2021)	2.36
" However, the poor oral bioavailability and low chemical stability of curcumin remain as major challenges in the utilisation of this compound as a therapeutic agent."	( Therapeutic potentials of curcumin in the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Davoodabadi, A; Khan, H; Mirzaei, H; Mortezapour, E; Mottaghi, R; Movahedpour, A; Nickdasti, A; Pourhanifeh, MH; Salehi, M; Savardashtaki, A; Shabaninejad, Z; Tayarani, A, 2020)	1.09
" However, the poor bioavailability of curcumin, caused by its low absorption, limits its clinical use."	( Growth-Inhibitory Effect of Chitosan-Coated Liposomes Encapsulating Curcumin on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Arab-Tehrany, E; Barberi-Heyob, M; Belhaj, N; Elkhoury, K; Hasan, M; Kahn, C; Linder, M; Tamayol, A, 2020)	1.06
" To increase the bioavailability and bioactivity of the natural anti-inflammatory molecules curcumin and diplacone, we used glucan particles (GPs), hollow shells from Saccharomyces cerevisiae composed mainly of β-1,3-d-glucan."	( Glucan particles as suitable carriers for the natural anti-inflammatory compounds curcumin and diplacone - Evaluation in an ex vivo model. Baďo, Z; Cox, E; Devriendt, B; Faldyna, M; Hanuš, J; Hošek, J; Kavanová, L; Prokopec, V; Rotrekl, D; Šalamúnová, P; Štěpánek, F, 2020)	1
" However, traditional chemotherapy drugs have low bioavailability and targeting ability."	( Curcumin micelles suppress gastric tumor cell growth by upregulating ROS generation, disrupting redox equilibrium and affecting mitochondrial bioenergetics. Chen, S; Chen, T; Lin, X; Nan, K; Sun, H; Tao, Y; Wang, L; Wang, Z; Wu, W; Zeng, T; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L; Zheng, W; Zhong, Y; Zhu, Z, 2020)	2
" In the last few years, a variety of novel drug carriers have been fabricated to enhance the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of CUR to attain better targeting of cancer."	( Curcumin Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Jain, SK; Tiwari, A, 2020)	2
" Carrier systems, such as nanoemulsions, can increase the bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive compounds."	( Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Modified Phosphatidylcholine on Skin Carcinogenesis Protocol. Agame-Lagunes, B; Alegria-Rivadeneyra, M; Alexander-Aguilera, A; Cano-Sarmiento, C; García, HS; Garcia-Varela, R; Grube-Pagola, P; Quintana-Castro, R; Torres-Palacios, C, 2020)	2
" This article delivers a general idea of the current study piloted to overwhelm the complications with the bioavailability of curcumin which have exhibited an enhanced biological activity than curcumin."	( Current Trends in Drug Delivery System of Curcumin and its Therapeutic Applications. Agarwal, DK; Agarwal, S; Sethiya, A, 2020)	1.03
" We conjugated OL to polyethylene glycol-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA), and combined polyethylene glycol-poly (γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PEG-PBLG) and OL-PEG-PLGA to prepare nanoparticles to improve the stability, bioavailability and targeting of Cur."	( Odorranalectin modified PEG-PLGA/PEG-PBLG curcumin-loaded nanoparticle for intranasal administration. Guo, P; Kamal, Z; Li, X; Lu, L; Qiu, M; Su, J; Wu, H; Wu, X, 2020)	0.82
"The new curcumin derivative Theracurmin® has a 27-fold higher absorption rate than natural curcumin powder."	( Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Derivative Ameliorates Crohn's Disease Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study. Andoh, A; Bamba, S; Hanai, H; Ikeya, K; Ishida, N; Kato, M; Matsuura, A; Mitsuyama, K; Nasuno, M; Nishihira, J; Osawa, S; Sugimoto, K; Takano, R; Tamura, S; Tanaka, H; Tani, S; Yamasaki, H, 2020)	1.32
" Among them, the steady intestinal and liver metabolism of curcumin by a curcumin adjuvant (enzyme inhibitor/inducer) is an important and less engrossed strategy for improving the overall systemic bioavailability of curcumin."	( Potentiation of anti-Alzheimer activity of curcumin by probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus UBLR-58 against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Acharya, S; Pande, S; Patel, C, 2020)	1.06
"The present study investigated the role of free curcuminoids bioavailability on the relative radioprotective efficacy of natural unformulated curcuminoids."	( Amelioration of Radiation-Induced Damages in Mice by Curcuminoids: The Role of Bioavailability. Im, K; Kuttan, R; Liju, VB; Maliakel, B; Sivadasan, SD; Thomas, A, 2021)	1.13
"The present study demonstrated the positive role of the bioavailability of curcuminoids in the amelioration of radiation-induced damages in mice since CGM treatment exerted better survival rate and radioprotective effect as compared with UC, despite the relatively low concentrations of curcuminoids in CGM (39% w/w)."	( Amelioration of Radiation-Induced Damages in Mice by Curcuminoids: The Role of Bioavailability. Im, K; Kuttan, R; Liju, VB; Maliakel, B; Sivadasan, SD; Thomas, A, 2021)	1.1
" Curcumin acts via many cellular targets to give anti-cancer properties; however the bioavailability is hindered by its physicochemical characteristics."	( Mucoadhesive emulgel systems containing curcumin for oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment: From pre-formulation to cytotoxicity in tissue-engineering oral mucosa. Baesso, ML; Bruschi, ML; Castro Hoshino, LV; Colley, HE; Ferreira, SBS; Murdoch, C; Slowik, KM, 2020)	1.74
" This work provides useful insights into the rational design of NLCs to optimize the bioavailability of the loaded agent."	( The influence of oil composition on the transformation, bioaccessibility, and intestinal absorption of curcumin in nanostructured lipid carriers. Chai, Z; Cui, L; Feng, J; Huang, M; Huang, W; Li, C; Li, Y, 2020)	0.77
" Curcumin (Cur) is an effective natural antioxidant compound; however, the poor bioavailability obstructs its neural protective applications."	( Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Enhanced the Neuroprotective Role of Curcumin against Epilepsy through Activation of Bcl-2 Family and P38 MAPK Pathways. Cheng, L; Huang, R; Lin, L; Song, S; Zhu, R; Zhu, Y, 2020)	1.71
" However, due to its poor solubility and instability in physiological conditions, the bioavailability of CUR is limited."	( Doxorubicin and CD‑CUR inclusion complex co‑loaded in thermosensitive hydrogel PLGA‑PEG‑PLGA localized administration for osteosarcoma. Liu, J; Lu, Y; Yang, Z, 2020)	0.56
" However, the utility of tetrahydrocurcumin is yet to be evaluated as only limited pharmacokinetic and oral bioavailability studies have been performed."	( The Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Tetrahydrocurcumin. Ho, CT; Lai, CS; Pan, MH, 2020)	1.07
" However, innate attributes account for extremely low oral bioavailability which impedes its development as a therapeutic agent."	( An Update on the Pharmacological Usage of Curcumin: Has it Failed in the Drug Discovery Pipeline? Agoni, C; Olotu, F; Soliman, MES; Soremekun, O, 2020)	0.82
" We have previously reported that short term (4-weeks) administration of a highly bioavailable curcumin preparation (Longvida©) improved working memory and reduced fatigue and stress reactivity in a healthy older cohort."	( Further Evidence of Benefits to Mood and Working Memory from Lipidated Curcumin in Healthy Older People: A 12-Week, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Partial Replication Study. Cox, KHM; Pipingas, A; Poorun, K; Scholey, A; White, DJ, 2020)	1.01
"Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from turmeric, has been used a food additive and as a herbal medicine for the treatment of various diseases, but the clinical application of curcumin is restricted by its poor aqueous solubility and its low permeability and bioavailability levels."	( Nanospheres Loaded with Curcumin Improve the Bioactivity of Umbilical Cord Blood-Mesenchymal Stem Cells via c-Src Activation During the Skin Wound Healing Process. Choi, CH; Kim, DW; Lee, SJ; Park, JP, 2020)	2.31
" However, the lack of optimal bioavailability because of high toxicity, low stability, and poor solubility has limited their clinical success."	( Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design. Abdul Rahman, MB; Abdulmalek, E; Asmawi, AA; Salim, N, 2020)	0.77
" The bioavailability of curcumin was increased by poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid [PLGA (60/40)] nanoparticles with different capping agents such as Chitosan, Dextran and PEG and emulsifier (Tocopherol Poly (Ethylene Glycol)1000 Succinate: TPGS) with good drug loading and delivery performance."	( The remarkable role of emulsifier and chitosan, dextran and PEG as capping agents in the enhanced delivery of curcumin by nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. Kumpati, P; Pichaimani, A; Sampath, M; Sengottuvelan, B, 2020)	1.08
" Nanocurcumin was formulated to increase solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Nanocurcumin alleviates insulin resistance and pancreatic deficits in polycystic ovary syndrome rats: Insights on PI3K/AkT/mTOR and TNF-α modulations. Abdel-Mageed, HM; Abuelezz, NZ; Morcos, GNB; Rashed, L; Shabana, ME, 2020)	1.63
" However, poor bioavailability is a major obstacle for use in clinical cancer treatment."	( Potential enhancement of host immunity and anti-tumor efficacy of nanoscale curcumin and resveratrol in colorectal cancers by modulated electro- hyperthermia. Chiang, HC; Han, W; Hsieh, PJ; Huang, CC; Ke, CH; Kuo, IM; Lee, JJ; Liao, ATC; Lin, CS; Wang, YS, 2020)	0.79
" Cc@CLNs improve bioavailability by inducing synergistic effects (efficient cell membrane penetration, inherent muco-adhesiveness, resistance to pepsin and trypsin degradation, promoted dissolution, enhanced epithelia/M cellular uptake and inhibition of efflux transporters) and countering the tendency of nanocarriers to aggregate and fuse, which limit lipid-based nanosystems."	( Oral administration of natural polyphenol-loaded natural polysaccharide-cloaked lipidic nanocarriers to improve efficacy against small-cell lung cancer. Chen, R; Fang, C; He, D; Li, Y; Tan, Q; Xie, X; Yang, L; Yang, Q; Zhang, J; Zhao, D, 2020)	0.56
"Although curcumin has been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating various diseases, its low solubility, chemical stability and bioavailability limit its application, especially in cancer therapy."	( Developmental Strategies of Curcumin Solid Dispersions for Enhancing Bioavailability. Tran, PHL; Tran, TTD, 2020)	1.27
"Solid dispersions have been utilized in the last few decades to improve the bioavailability and stability of curcumin."	( Developmental Strategies of Curcumin Solid Dispersions for Enhancing Bioavailability. Tran, PHL; Tran, TTD, 2020)	1.06
"This overview of recent developments in formulating solid dispersions for improving curcumin bioavailability will contribute to future studies of curcumin for clinical development."	( Developmental Strategies of Curcumin Solid Dispersions for Enhancing Bioavailability. Tran, PHL; Tran, TTD, 2020)	1.08
" In all cases, hepatotoxicity was associated with Curcuma longa formulations with high bioavailability and high dosage of curcumin/curcuminoids."	( Acute liver injury following turmeric use in Tuscany: An analysis of the Italian Phytovigilance database and systematic review of case reports. Brilli, V; Crescioli, G; Firenzuoli, F; Gallo, E; Ippoliti, I; Lanzi, C; Lombardi, N; Maggini, V; Mannaioni, G; Menniti-Ippolito, F; Vannacci, A, 2021)	0.83
" The cytotoxicity and internalization assays conducted on 2D monolayers indicated that all CUR multicomponent solid forms except Curcumin-Folic Acid Dihydrate (CUR-FAD) (1:1) coamorphous solid exhibited enhanced bioavailability than unprocessed CUR."	( New curcumin-trimesic acid cocrystal and anti-invasion activity of curcumin multicomponent solids against 3D tumor models. Devidas Bhatia, D; Sathisaran, I; Vishvanath Dalvi, S, 2020)	1.32
" The addition of a novel drug delivery system that improves bioavailability could improve exercise recovery."	( Curcumin Improves Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Postexercise Lactate Accumulation. Briskey, D; Mallard, AR; Rao, A; Richards BExSSc, A, 2021)	2.06
"Numerous studies document an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a subsequent decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure."	( Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular System. Cebova, M; Dayar, E; Pechanova, O, 2020)	0.56
" The curcumin was entrapped in amphiphilic alkylated-dextran nanoparticles to enhance its bioavailability and release at the injured site while cerium oxide nanoparticles were used without any additional processing."	( Dextran based amphiphilic nano-hybrid hydrogel system incorporated with curcumin and cerium oxide nanoparticles for wound healing. Andrabi, SM; Gupta, KC; Kumar, A; Majumder, S, 2020)	1.3
" One of the main limiting factors in the clinical use of curcumin is its poor bioavailability and rapid elimination."	( Targeting Cancer using Curcumin Encapsulated Vesicular Drug Delivery Systems. Bebawy, M; Chellappan, DK; Dua, K; Hansbro, PM; Hardwick, J; Mehta, M; Paudel, KR; Satija, S; Taylor, J, 2021)	1.18
"Although some drug-based supramolecular systems have been constructed to overcome multidrug resistance and enhance the bioavailability of chemical drugs, strengthening the specific stimuli-responsive and active targeting ability of these systems is still a major challenge."	( β-Cyclodextrin-modified hyaluronic acid-based supramolecular self-assemblies for pH- and esterase- dual-responsive drug delivery. Bai, Y; Bu, HT; Chen, D; Li, H; Liu, CF; Liu, CP; Tian, W; Wang, C; Zhuo, LH, 2020)	0.56
" However, poor bioavailability of the molecule seems to be the major limitation of the curcumin."	( Design of New Improved Curcumin Derivatives to Multi-targets of Cancer and Inflammation. Harikrishnan, A; Khanna, S; Veena, V, 2021)	1.15
" Although curcumin has a tremendous potential as a therapeutic agent for CNS disorders, its low bioavailability and its rapid total body clearance reduce any chance for therapeutic levels to reach the brain."	( AmyloLipid Nanovesicles: A self-assembled lipid-modified starch hybrid system constructed for direct nose-to-brain delivery of curcumin. Sintov, AC, 2020)	1.17
"To solve the low oral bioavailability of curcumin (CUR) due to the limits imposed by gastrointestinal (GI) barrier, we constructed a nano delivery system to evaluate the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of CUR."	( The enhancement of N-acetylcysteine on intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of hydrophobic curcumin. Asghar, S; Chen, Z; Hu, Z; Ping, Q; Shao, F; Xiao, Y; Yu, F; Zhang, S, 2020)	1.04
" However, its poor bioavailability restricts its clinical application."	( Gemini Curcumin Suppresses Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer OVCAR-3 Cells via Induction of Apoptosis. Azeez, HJ; Babaei, E; Ghaderi, S; Hussen, BM; Mahdavi, M, 2021)	1.08
" We hypothesized that nano-encapsulation of indole-incorporated curcumin analog and curcumin as a biodegradable polymeric nanoparticle may enhance its bioavailability with extended drug retention time."	( Enhanced drug retention, sustained release, and anti-cancer potential of curcumin and indole-curcumin analog-loaded polysorbate 80-stabilizied PLGA nanoparticles in colon cancer cell line SW480. Coumar, SM; Hoda, M; Mukherjee, V; Pajaniradje, S; Rajagopalan, R; Sufi, SA, 2020)	1.03
" Nevertheless, curcumin-loaded liposomes prepared from bovine milk phospholipids have inferior bioavailability compared to that prepared from krill phospholipids."	( Curcumin-loaded liposomes prepared from bovine milk and krill phospholipids: Effects of chemical composition on storage stability, in-vitro digestibility and anti-hyperglycemic properties. Cheong, LZ; Lai, OM; Mou, B; Shen, C; Song, S; Tan, CP; Wu, Y, 2020)	2.35
" Due to the low aqueous solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin, cyclodextrins (CDs) were applied and complexed with curcumin to obtain CMx."	( The potential use of curcumin-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex/chitosan-loaded cellulose sponges for the treatment of chronic wound. Kiti, K; Suwantong, O, 2020)	1.12
"The present investigation is focused on improving oral bioavailability of poorly soluble and lipophilic drugs, curcumin (CRM) and duloxetine (DXH), through the solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) and identifying their potential against attenuation of NP in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced rats through the solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS)."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of Solid self-nanoemulsifying delivery system (SSNEDDS) loaded with curcumin and duloxetine in attenuation of neuropathic pain in rats. Bhatia, A; Garg, V; Gulati, M; Kumar, B; Melkani, I; Pandey, NK; Prakash, T; Singh, S; Singh, SK, 2021)	1.04
" However, due to its extremely low bioavailability caused by its insolubility and circular elimination, curcumin had an unexpectedly modest therapeutic effect in clinical trials."	( Topically applicated curcumin/gelatin-blended nanofibrous mat inhibits pancreatic adenocarcinoma by increasing ROS production and endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis. Chen, Y; Cheng, T; Dai, X; Jian, Z; Li, J; Shen, H; Shen, Y; Zhang, Z, 2020)	1.09
"Here, we electrospun curcumin/gelatin-blended nanofibrous mat to largely improve curcumin's bioavailability by local controlled-release."	( Topically applicated curcumin/gelatin-blended nanofibrous mat inhibits pancreatic adenocarcinoma by increasing ROS production and endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis. Chen, Y; Cheng, T; Dai, X; Jian, Z; Li, J; Shen, H; Shen, Y; Zhang, Z, 2020)	1.2
" However, the bioavailability of curcumin is a major barrier to its biological efficacy."	( Chlorogenic Acid Potentiates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Curcumin in LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Cells. Bisht, A; Dickens, M; Mutukumira, AN; Rutherfurd-Markwick, K; Singh, H; Thota, R, 2020)	1.08
" Regretfully, its poor bioavailability has been one of the main issues for its successful introduction in the clinic."	( Curcumin: A therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer? Layos, L; Martínez-Balibrea, E; Ruiz de Porras, V, 2021)	2.06
" Nano-curcumin capsules have a systemic target site with more bioavailability than topical forms."	( Oral nano-curcumin on gingival inflammation in patients with gingivitis and mild periodontitis. Kia, SJ; Malekzadeh, M; Mashaei, L; Moosavi, MS, 2021)	1.5
"06-fold increase in relative bioavailability compared to that of the CUR suspension."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability of self-assembling curcumin-vitamin E prodrug-nanoparticles by co-nanoprecipitation with vitamin E TPGS. Adu-Frimpong, M; Chen, B; Deng, W; Sun, C; Xu, X; Yu, J; Zhang, H; Zhu, Y, 2020)	0.81
"2 mg/kg of curcumin strongly enhanced the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-cyclodextrin/cellulose nanocrystals improve the phenotype of Charcot-Marie-Tooth-1A transgenic rats through the reduction of oxidative stress. Billet, F; Caillaud, M; Desmoulière, A; Favreau, F; Faye, PA; Granet, R; Msheik, Z; Ndong-Ntoutoume, GM; Richard, L; Sol, V; Sturtz, F; Vallat, JM; Vignaud, L, 2020)	2.39
" Hence, there is a need to develop functional metal containing curcumin model systems (FMCCMS) as a metallo-biomolecule to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Nanocomposite of functional silver metal containing curcumin biomolecule model systems: Protein BSA bioavailability. Chakrabarti, S; Chhatre, SY; Khairkar, SR; Nagarkar, AA; Pansare, AV; Pansare, SV; Patil, VR; Shedge, AA, 2020)	1.05
" In this study, a novel combination strategy was applied by combining curcumin with Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) to increase both bioavailability of curcumin and the efficiency of SAHA, which have limited efficiency when used alone."	( Synergistic Combination of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid and Natural Flavonoid Curcumin Exhibits Anticancer and Antibacterial Activity. Altundağ, EM; Güran, M; Kerküklü, NR; Özbilenler, C; Şanlıtürk, G; Toprak, K; Yalçın, AS; Yılmaz, AM, 2021)	1.07
" Moreover, an improved oral bioavailability of the nanotized formulation lowered the dosage at which the pharmacological effect was achieved while avoiding any observable adverse harmful side effects."	( Nanotized curcumin-benzothiophene conjugate: A potential combination for treatment of cerebral malaria. Banerjee, T; Ghosh, A, 2020)	0.96
" Experimental in vitro and in vivo data together with clinical bioavailability data from the literature do not give evidence for a radiosensitizing effect of curcumin."	( Experimental and clinical studies on radiation and curcumin in human glioma. Hageman, E; Slotman, BJ; Sminia, P; van den Berg, J; van Kootwijk, A; Verbakel, WFAR, 2021)	1.07
" To overcome limitations in the bioavailability of Curcumin, the therapeutic effect of oral Nano-Curcumin was evaluated for the first time."	( Comparison of oral Nano-Curcumin with oral prednisolone on oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Basirat, M; Kia, SJ; Moosavi, MS; Mortezaie, T, 2020)	1.12
" In comparison with previous studies, current results clarify the importance of Nano-Curcumin bioavailability in therapeutic effects."	( Comparison of oral Nano-Curcumin with oral prednisolone on oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Basirat, M; Kia, SJ; Moosavi, MS; Mortezaie, T, 2020)	1.09
" However, poor bioavailability and less water solubility render it unsuitable as an anti-cancer drug."	( Targeted delivery of curcumin in breast cancer cells via hyaluronic acid modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle to enhance anticancer efficiency. Dutta, S; Ghosh, S; Kundu, M; Sarkar, A; Sil, PC, 2021)	0.94
" As synergistic agents in combination with clinically established anticancer drugs, the enhanced anticancer activity at reduced chemotherapy-associated toxicity towards normal organs can be explained by improved pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability and metabolism."	( Chemotherapeutic efficacy of curcumin and resveratrol against cancer: Chemoprevention, chemoprotection, drug synergism and clinical pharmacokinetics. Behera, C; Bhutia, SK; Efferth, T; Jena, M; Nayak, R; Patra, S; Pradhan, B; Rout, L, 2021)	0.91
"Diabetes is associated with an increase in the production of free radicals, reduction of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, THB) levels and reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) in the vascular walls."	( Curcumin nanoparticles have potential antioxidant effect and restore tetrahydrobiopterin levels in experimental diabetes. Abu-Taweel, GM; Ahmed, EI; Allam, AA; Attia, MF; El-Naggar, ME; Galal, HM; Hussein, J; Mekawi, EM, 2020)	2
" Curcumin and piperine (1-piperoylpiperidine) interact to each other and form a π-π intermolecular complex which enhance the bioavailability of curcumin by inhibition of glucuronidation of curcumin in liver."	( Therapeutic Approach against 2019-nCoV by Inhibition of ACE-2 Receptor. Kumar, D; Kumar, G; Singh, NP, 2021)	1.53
" For this purpose, the curcumin loaded Zein nanoparticles/aldehyde-modified guar gum/silk fibroin (Cur-NPs/OGG/SF) hydrogel networks were successfully developed to increase the Cur bioavailability during the wound treatment procedure."	( Reinforcement of hydrogel scaffold using oxidized-guar gum incorporated with curcumin-loaded zein nanoparticles to improve biological performance. Abdyazdani, N; Ghorbani, M; Nezhad-Mokhtari, P, 2021)	1.16
" Among the various adopted approaches to meet this ever-increasing demand, nanoformulations show the most fascinating way of improving the bioavailability of dietary phytochemicals through modifying their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics."	( Nanocurcumin: A Double-Edged Sword for Microcancers. Islam, MU; Islam, SU; Janjua, KA; Shahzad, R; Shehzad, A, 2020)	1.12
" Thus, improved formulations of curcumin are emerging as powerful tools in overcoming the bioavailability and stability limitations of curcumin."	( Curcumin Formulations and Trials: What's New in Neurological Diseases. Cereda, C; Corsi, F; Gagliardi, S; Hickey, M; Morasso, C; Pandini, C; Prosperi, D; Stivaktakis, P; Tinelli, V; Tsatsakis, A, 2020)	2.28
" Despite its effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory drug, curcumin (CUR) is limited by its low bioavailability in IBD treatment."	( Carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres loaded hyaluronic acid/gelatin hydrogels for controlled drug delivery and the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Fu, Y; Hu, J; Hu, S; Hu, Y; Kang, L; Yang, X; Zhang, S, 2021)	0.87
" However, the Cur therapeutic limitation is its bioavailability and new Cur nanomedicine formulations are developed to overcome this obstacle."	( Dual chemotherapy with benznidazole at suboptimal dose plus curcumin nanoparticles mitigates Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited chronic cardiomyopathy. Corral, RS; Hernández, M; Pérez Caballero, E; Santamaría, MH; Wicz, S, 2021)	0.86
" The poor bioavailability and low stability of curcumin are the greatest barriers to its clinical use."	( Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin-Loaded Emulsomes in a Laser Axotomy-Induced CNS Injury Model. Bay, S; Ozturk, G; Ucisik, MH; Yilmaz, EN, 2020)	1.11
"Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol of turmeric, has a variety of biological functions as an herbal supplement, but its poor gastric absorption rate is one of the major factors limiting its oral bioavailability."	( Nanospheres loaded with curcumin promote gut epithelial motility through F-actin-related migration signaling events. Kim, JY; Lee, SJ; Min, T, 2021)	2.37
" The natural spice extract curcumin (Cur) has been discovered to improve the bioavailability of DTX."	( Co-Delivery of Docetaxel and Curcumin via Nanomicelles for Enhancing Anti-Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Cheng, Y; Hu, Y; Lin, Y; Ran, M; Wang, B; Zheng, S, 2020)	1.15
" Further, it shows good water-dispersibility, enhanced bioavailability and pH dependent charge conversal feature."	( Curcumin Encapsulated Casein Nanoparticles: Enhanced Bioavailability and Anticancer Efficacy. Barick, KC; Dutta, B; Hassan, PA; Shelar, SB; Tripathi, A, 2021)	2.06
"Low bioavailability and poor water solubility have limited the utilization of curcumin in conventional dosing methods."	( Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-nanocrystalline cellulose (CTAB-NCC) based microemulsions for enhancement of topical delivery of curcumin. Ahmad, I; Kargarzadeh, H; Ramli, S; Zainuddin, N; Zulfakar, MH, 2021)	1.05
" This method has been used to quantitate these compounds in samples such as human intestinal epithelial cell lysates and mouse plasma or GI tissues in research aimed at examining the bioavailability of curcumin in the presence of piperine."	( Analysis of curcumin and piperine in biological samples by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with multi-wavelength detection. Bi, C; Hage, DS; Juritsch, AF; Kaur, H; Li, Z; Moreau, R; Rodriguez, EL; Woolfork, AG; Zhang, C, 2021)	1.19
" However, the low bioavailability of curcumin has long been a problem for its medicinal use."	( Curcumin Metabolite Tetrahydrocurcumin in the Treatment of Eye Diseases. Chen, JY; Chen, KJ; Cheng, KC; Chiu, CC; Hsu, SK; Kao, YW; Lee, PY; Lin, IL; Ng, HS, 2020)	2.27
" Limited natural accessibility and poor oral bioavailability caused major hurdles in the curcumin-based drug development process."	( A new synthetic biology approach for the production of curcumin and its glucoside in Atropa belladonna hairy roots. Akhtar, MQ; Banerjee, S; Negi, AS; Pandey, P; Singh, S, 2021)	1.09
" Curcumin is a bioactive component derived from Curcuma longa and well-known for its medicinal property, but it exhibits poor solubility and rapid metabolism, which led to low bioavailability and hence limits its applications."	( Preparation and characterization of nanocurcumin based hybrid virosomes as a drug delivery vehicle with enhanced anticancerous activity and reduced toxicity. Jain, VK; Kumar, R; Kumar, V; Nagpal, S, 2021)	1.8
" PPs have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as they accumulate in the large intestine and are extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM)."	( Curcumin, Quercetin, Catechins and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota. Chelliah, R; Daliri, EB; Javed, A; Oh, DH; Rubab, M; Shabbir, U, 2021)	2.06
" Whilst colloidal carriers have been used to improve the bioavailability of such drugs, most nanocarriers based drug delivery systems suffer from multiple disadvantages, including low encapsulation efficiency (liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles), complex synthesis methods (silica, silicon-based materials) and poorly understood biodegradability (inorganic nanoparticles)."	( pH - Responsive colloidal carriers assembled from β-lactoglobulin and Epsilon poly-L-lysine for oral drug delivery. Begun, J; Giri, R; McGuckin, M; Moniruzzaman, M; Popat, A; Pujara, N; Qu, Z; Rewatkar, P; Ross, BP; Wong, KY, 2021)	0.62
"An amorphous formula of curcumin (CUR) has shown to enable an improved bioavailability after ingestion."	( Continuous exposure to amorphous formula of curcumin from the developmental stage facilitates anti-anxiety-like behavior and fear-extinction learning in rats. Hayashi, SM; Ichikawa, R; Koyanagi, M; Maronpot, RR; Masubuchi, Y; Nakahara, J; Nakao, T; Shibutani, M; Takahashi, Y; Takashima, K; Yoshida, T, 2021)	1.19
"Curcumin contains many biological activities as a natural bioactive substance, however, its low solubility stands as a huge bioavailability disadvantage."	( Synthesis of nano-fibers containing nano-curcumin in zein corn protein and its physicochemical and biological characteristics. Amiri, N; Darroudi, M; Darroudi, S; Fereydouni, N; Gholoobi, A; Goodarzi, A; Hashemzadeh, A; Movaffagh, J, 2021)	2.33
" However, a major drawback of CDD is its poor water solubility and low bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Chitosan-alginate nanoparticles as effective oral carriers to improve the stability, bioavailability, and cytotoxicity of curcumin diethyl disuccinate. Muangnoi, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Sorasitthiyanukarn, FN, 2021)	0.83
"There is growing interest in developing biomaterial-coated liposome delivery systems to improve the stability and bioavailability of curcumin, which is a hydrophobic nutraceutical claimed to have several health benefits."	( The Formation of Chitosan-Coated Rhamnolipid Liposomes Containing Curcumin: Stability and In Vitro Digestion. Cao, Y; Cheng, C; Li, J; Li, R; Liu, W; Liu, Y; Ma, L; Ruan, R; Zhou, W; Zou, L, 2021)	1.06
" However, the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin restrict its clinical application."	( Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is alleviated by curcumin-peptide hydrogel via upregulating autophagy and protecting mitochondrial function. Huang, MZ; Liao, CL; Liu, HY; Liu, Y; Su, Q; Ye, ZL, 2021)	1.11
"Envisaging the poor solubility (56 ngml1) and permeability of tetrahydrocurcumin (THCC), it was formulated into lipidic nanostructures to enhance its bioavailability upon topical application to promote the healing process for skin inflammatory disorders."	( Assay and Dermatokinetics of Tetrahydrocurcumin Lipidic Nanostructures Using Reverse Phase-high Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chauhan, AS; Kakkar, V; Narula, P; Saini, K; Saini, M; Singla, D, 2021)	1.12
"Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been recently explored as a potential drug carrier to enhance the bioavailability and aqueous solubility of drugs."	( Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles fortify shrimp feed pellets with enhanced antioxidant activity. Bhoopathy, S; Chandrasekaran, K; Gopal, D; Inbakandan, D; Kasilingam, R; Rajendran, T, 2021)	2.06
" The presence of free curcumin and its metabolites in the brain and plasma establishes its improved bioavailability and tissue distribution."	( Neuroprotective Effect of Turmeric Extract in Combination with Its Essential Oil and Enhanced Brain Bioavailability in an Animal Model. Banji, D; Banji, OJF; Srinivas, K, 2021)	0.94
" However, curcumin's poor bioavailability limited its clinical utility."	( Anti-inflammatory activity of ortho-trifluoromethoxy-substituted 4-piperidione-containing mono-carbonyl curcumin derivatives in vitro and in vivo. Li, P; Liu, G; Mu, W; Wang, Z; Yang, J, 2021)	1.24
" Finally, the cytotoxicity of each formulation was assessed against murine fibroblast (NIH3T3) and murine melanoma (B16F10) cell lines in order to investigate improvements in curcumin bioavailability following encapsulation in cubosomes, as well as assess potential anti-cancer applications."	( Comparison of cubosomes and liposomes for the encapsulation and delivery of curcumin. Chang, C; Conn, CE; Drummond, CJ; Meikle, TG; Yang, Y, 2021)	1.04
"These results suggest that nanocapsules based on hyaluronic acid, the ubiquitous glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix and an integral part of endothelial glycocalyx, may represent a suitable approach to deliver hydrophobic, poorly bioavailable compounds, to the vascular wall."	( Low Dose Curcumin Administered in Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanocapsules Induces Hypotensive Effect in Hypertensive Rats. Chlopicki, S; Czyzynska-Cichon, I; Janik-Hazuka, M; Jasinski, K; Szafraniec-Szczęsny, J; Węglarz, WP; Zapotoczny, S, 2021)	1.04
" Further, we have conducted BOILED-Egg plot and bioavailability radar analysis for the curcumin and celecoxib."	( Curcumin-Celecoxib: a synergistic and rationale combination chemotherapy for breast cancer. Alqahtani, AM; Chandrasekaran, B; Chidambaram, K; Dhanaraj, P; Pino-Figueroa, A; Venkatesan, K, 2021)	2.29
"To overcome the poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability of curcumin, emphasize its functional features, and broaden its applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, many nanoscale systems have been widely applied for its encapsulation and delivery."	( Chitosan-based nanocarriers for encapsulation and delivery of curcumin: A review. Hu, Q; Luo, Y, 2021)	1.1
"Myofibrillar proteins (MPs), as a food-grade material, have the potential to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin."	( Insight into the effect of charge regulation on the binding mechanism of curcumin to myofibrillar protein. Dong, H; Li, Y; Wang, P; Wu, C; Xu, X; Zhang, Y, 2021)	1.06
"Nanoparticles can improve the bioavailability of bioactive compounds."	( Effects of food matrix and probiotics on the bioavailability of curcumin in different nanoformulations. Chen, X; Han, J; Liu, YH; Miao, GP; Ye, T, 2021)	0.86
"Fasting treatment and sugar co-ingestion can significantly enhance the bioavailability of curcumin in Cur-NEs and Cur-SWNTs, respectively."	( Effects of food matrix and probiotics on the bioavailability of curcumin in different nanoformulations. Chen, X; Han, J; Liu, YH; Miao, GP; Ye, T, 2021)	1.08
"Dietary status (including supplementary probiotics) can dramatically influence the bioavailability of curcumin in nanoformulations."	( Effects of food matrix and probiotics on the bioavailability of curcumin in different nanoformulations. Chen, X; Han, J; Liu, YH; Miao, GP; Ye, T, 2021)	1.08
", Zingiberaceae) is limited due to low bioavailability of its active principal curcuminoids."	( Comparative bioavailability of curcuminoids from a water-dispersible high curcuminoid turmeric extract against a generic turmeric extract: a randomized, cross-over, comparative, pharmacokinetic study. Alluri, KV; Shah, R; Somepalli, V; Thanawala, S; Upadhyay, V; Vaze, S, 2021)	1.13
" They could be used to transport molecules with a poor bioavailability such as curcumin in order to improve their clinical usage."	( Priming of mesenchymal stem cells with a hydrosoluble form of curcumin allows keeping their mesenchymal properties for cell-based therapy development. Ceusters, J; Colin, M; Dechêne, L; Demazy, C; Franck, T; Lagneaux, L; Mathieu, V; Niesten, A; Renard, P; Serteyn, D; Van Antwerpen, P; Zouaoui Boudjeltia, K, 2021)	1.09
"Our results suggested that HPMC55-60 maintained the CUR supersaturation state by forming hydrogen bonds with CUR, increasing the solution's viscosity and drug solubilisation, thus improving the absorption and bioavailability of CUR."	( Improvement of the bioavailability of curcumin by a supersaturatable self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system with incorporation of a hydrophilic polymer: in vitro and in vivo characterisation. Chen, XL; Dong, W; Jiang, QY; Liang, XL; Liao, ZG; Ou, LQ; Zeng, QY; Zhang, HN; Zhao, GW, 2021)	0.89
" We here report a novel and highly bioavailable formulation of curcumin, labeled as Next Generation Ultrasol Curcumin (NGUC), which was 64."	( A Next Generation Formulation of Curcumin Ameliorates Experimentally Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats Bhanuse, P; Durmus, AS; Er, B; Morde, AA; Orhan, C; Ozercan, IH; Padigaru, M; Sahin, K; Sahin, N; Tuzcu, M; Yabas, M, 2021)	1.14
" Smart drug delivery systems (DDS) have been used to overcome its low bioavailability and improve its stability."	( Curcumin encapsulation in nanostructures for cancer therapy: A 10-year overview. Abrunhosa, L; Alves, TFR; Ataide, JA; Câmara, MCC; Chaud, MV; Costa, JSR; D'Angelo, NA; Jozala, AF; Kurnik, IS; Lopes, AM; Martins, JT; Mazzola, PG; Nascimento, LO; Noronha, MA; Tundisi, LL; Vicente, AA; Vieira, JM, 2021)	2.06
"Self-aggregation of Curcumin (Cur) in aqueous biological environment decreases its bioavailability and in vivo therapeutic efficacy, which hampers its clinical use as candidate for reducing risk of neurodegenerative diseases."	( Synthesis of New Water Soluble β-Cyclodextrin@Curcumin Conjugates and In Vitro Safety Evaluation in Primary Cultures of Rat Cortical Neurons. Acherar, S; Arab-Tehrany, E; Ben Mihoub, A; Frochot, C; Malaplate, C; Yen, FT, 2021)	1.2
" However, the poor bioavailability of curcumin is the most important challenge in using this substance."	( Ahmadi Nasab, N; Hemmati, K; Hesaraki, S; Nezafati, N, 2021)	0.89
" Nanoscale drug delivery systems of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers can improve the bioavailability of drugs due to excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and long circulation characteristics."	( Oral Codelivery of WR-1065 Using Curcumin-Linked ROS-Sensitive Nanoparticles for Synergistic Radioprotection. Guo, Y; Li, X; Lin, X; Liu, Y; Miao, L; Tian, H; Wang, X; Yuan, R, 2021)	0.9
" Moreover, the use of curcumin-loaded nanocarriers for increasing its bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency was highlighted."	( Will curcumin nanosystems be the next promising antiviral alternatives in COVID-19 treatment trials? Amaral-Machado, L; de Barros, ALB; Dourado, D; Egito, EST; Freire, DT; N Alencar, É; Pereira, DT, 2021)	1.45
" To increase the oral bioavailability of curcumin, nano-micelle curcumin is used instead of curcumin powder."	( The effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on glycemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in patients with the metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Afsharian, S; Bateni, Z; Goudarzi, R; Hedayati, M; Rahimi, HR; Sohrab, G, 2021)	1.21
" However, its poor stability and bioavailability limit therapeutic application."	( Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of gemini curcumin in p53-wild type and p53-mutant colorectal cancer cell lines. Babaei, E; Ebrahimi, M; Feizi, MAH; Neri, F, 2021)	0.87
" Several nano-formulations have been proposed to improve the bioavailability of curcumin and increase its absorption."	( Updated Review on the Role of Curcumin in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Akaberi, M; Emami, SA; Naji, M; Sahebkar, A; Soroudi, S, 2021)	1.14
" The Alg-Cur micelle effectively enhanced the hydrophilicity and bioavailability of Cur, and the commensal flora triggered Cur release showed great potential for UC treatment."	( Commensal flora triggered target anti-inflammation of alginate-curcumin micelle for ulcerative colitis treatment. Chen, S; Guo, X; He, L; Li, C; Li, Y; Liu, B; Mao, B; Martinez, V; Shen, X; Wang, Y, 2021)	0.86
" We assume that EVs can maintain bioavailability and stability of curcumin after encapsulation."	( Curcumin-primed human BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles reverse IL-1β-induced catabolic responses of OA chondrocytes by upregulating miR-126-3p. Brochhausen, C; Grässel, S; Herrmann, M; Johnstone, B; König, MA; Li, S; Lukas, C; Stöckl, S, 2021)	2.3
"The bioavailability and clinical effect of curcumin (Cur) are greatly restricted due to its physicochemical instability and high hydrophobicity."	( The kinetics and release behaviour of curcumin loaded pH-responsive PLGA/chitosan fibers with antitumor activity against HT-29 cells. Chen, M; Chen, X; Jiang, S; Kong, Y; Li, L; Wang, H; Xia, L, 2021)	1.16
"Curcumin is a natural antioxidant with important beneficial properties for health, although its low bioavailability and sensitivity to many environmental agents limits its use in the food industry."	( Effect of operating parameters on the physical and chemical stability of an oil gelled-in-water emulsified curcumin delivery system. Brito-de la Fuente, E; Martinez-Ferez, A; Ochando-Pulido, JM; Vellido-Perez, JA, 2021)	2.28
" In vivo evaluation in mice demonstrated that the bioavailability of curcumin in the CMKGM-coated secondary and tertiary emulsions was increased by about 4 folds compared with that of free curcumin and curcumin could be released in a sustainable manner."	( Carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan coating on multilayered emulsions for improved bioavailability and targeted delivery of curcumin. Huang, GQ; Li, XD; Wang, LH; Xiao, JX, 2021)	1.06
" However, the benefits of curcumin are restricted by its low bioavailability and stability in biological systems."	( Curcumin nanoformulations to combat aging-related diseases. Mahjoob, M; Stochaj, U, 2021)	2.36
" The other therapies like hormonal therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and immune therapy are in use but showed many side effects like bioavailability issues, non-selectivity, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic problems."	( Isoxazole derivatives as anticancer agent: A review on synthetic strategies, mechanism of action and SAR studies. Arya, GC; Jaitak, V; Kaur, K, 2021)	0.62
" However, their further development is limited by low bioavailability and poor selectivity."	( A novel selective mitochondrial-targeted curcumin analog with remarkable cytotoxicity in glioma cells. Cai, SZ; Gao, LL; Ma, ZR; Shi, L; Xiong, QW, 2021)	0.89
" Intelligent PMs can effectively load curcumin with improved solubility, and intelligently respond to release the drug at a controlled rate at targeted sites such as tumors to avoid early release, which markedly improves the bioavailability of curcumin."	( A review of stimuli-responsive polymeric micelles for tumor-targeted delivery of curcumin. Du, X; Ji, J; Qiu, N; Zhai, G, 2021)	1.12
" However, the therapeutic effectiveness and bioavailability of this drug are restricted due to the functions of the skin barrier to liposomes."	( Enhanced transdermal efficiency of curcumin-loaded peptide-modified liposomes for highly effective antipsoriatic therapy. Ding, W; Li, F; Qiu, B; Yang, C; Yu, F; Zhang, Y, 2021)	0.9
" Moreover, the implications of digestion on the putative benefits of dietary PC against COVID-19 are presented by addressing the bioavailability and biotransformation of PC by the gut microbiota."	( Bioactivity, bioavailability, and gut microbiota transformations of dietary phenolic compounds: implications for COVID-19. Augusti, PR; Bronze, MR; Conterato, GMM; Denardin, CC; Emanuelli, T; Prazeres, ID; Serra, AT, 2021)	0.62
"Nano drug delivery has been recently used to enhance the stability and bioavailability of chemotherapeutic agents."	( Curcumin Loaded Chitosan-Protamine Nanoparticles Revealed Antitumor Activity Via Suppression of NF-κB, Proinflammatory Cytokines and Bcl-2 Gene Expression in the Breast Cancer Cells. Abdel-Hakeem, MA; Badawy, I; Hassan, B; Mongy, S; Tantawi, OI, 2021)	2.06
"The effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats."	( Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats. Cai, D; Chen, Q; Han, J; Meng, Z; Shen, H; Song, Y; Zheng, Y, 2021)	1.36
"The oral bioavailability of curcumin is limited, attributed to its low solubility or dissolution and poor absorption."	( Development of Gelucire Amin, PD; Shinde, UK; Suryawanshi, DG, 2021)	0.92
"To develop microchannel-based preparation of curcumin (Cur)-loaded hybrid nanoparticles using enzyme-targeted peptides and star-shaped polycyclic lipids as carriers, and to accomplish a desirable targeted drug delivery via these nanoparticles, which could improve the bioavailability and antitumor effects of Cur."	( Curcumin-Loaded Hybrid Nanoparticles: Microchannel-Based Preparation and Antitumor Activity in a Mouse Model. Gao, Y; Guo, F; Hong, W; Ji, X; Jiao, Y; Li, A; Lou, B; Wang, H; Wu, W; Yang, G; Ying, S; Yu, N; Zhou, X, 2021)	2.32
" Cur-P-NPs can effectively improve the bioavailability of Cur and have potential applications in drug delivery and tumor management."	( Curcumin-Loaded Hybrid Nanoparticles: Microchannel-Based Preparation and Antitumor Activity in a Mouse Model. Gao, Y; Guo, F; Hong, W; Ji, X; Jiao, Y; Li, A; Lou, B; Wang, H; Wu, W; Yang, G; Ying, S; Yu, N; Zhou, X, 2021)	2.06
" According to systematic studies on curcumin use in various diseases, it can be particularly effective in GI cancers because of its high bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Therapeutic effect of curcumin in gastrointestinal cancers: A comprehensive review. Abbasi-Kolli, M; Amiri, A; Borran, S; Ebrahimi, MS; Fallah, M; Khan, H; Masoud Khooy, MJ; Mirzaei, H; Morshedi, K; Sahebkar, A; Seyedi, ZS, 2021)	1.21
"A new 3,4-difluorobenzylidene analog of curcumin, CDF, was recently reported, which demonstrated significantly enhanced bioavailability and in vivo anticancer activity compared with curcumin."	( Activity of Fluorinated Curcuminoids against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii Parasites. Al Nasr, IS; Biersack, B; Khan, TA; Koko, WS; Schobert, R, 2021)	1.2
"Curcumin is one of the most frequently researched herbal substances; however, it has been reported to have a poor bioavailability and fast metabolism, which has led to doubts about its effectiveness."	( Curcumin and Its Potential Impact on Microbiota. Hudzik, B; Jabczyk, M; Nowak, J; Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska, B, 2021)	3.51
" Metal-curcumin complexes increase the solubility, cellular uptake, and bioavailability and improve the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects of curcumin."	( Metal-Curcumin Complexes in Therapeutics: An Approach to Enhance Pharmacological Effects of Curcumin. DuBourdieu, D; Kumar, P; Lall, R; Prasad, S; Srivastava, A, 2021)	1.56
"This review summarises the recent advances towards the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin along with various novel strategies to overcome its poor bioavailability across the bloodbrain barrier."	( Novel Drug Delivery System for Curcumin: Implementation to Improve Therapeutic Efficacy against Neurological Disorders. Dar, MA; Mir, RH; Mohi-Ud-Din, I; Mohi-Ud-Din, R; Pottoo, FH; Shah, AJ; Wani, TU, 2022)	1.23
"Curcuminoids have been widely studied for human health and disease applications, yet bioavailability remains a hurdle to actualizing all the benefits ascribed to them."	( The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Jackson-Michel, S; Missamma, M; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK, 2021)	2.34
"This randomized double-blinded, 2-way cross over, single oral dose, comparative bioavailability study differentially evaluates curcumin at the time of its absorption and along various biotransformation pathways, to include free curcumin, the readily usable form of curcumin; individual and composite totals of curcumin and its analogues as exogenously cleaved conjugates, for example, total curcumin, total demethoxycurcumin (DMC), total bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and total curcuminoids respectively; and the bioactive metabolite of curcumin, total tetrahydrocurcumin (THC)."	( The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Jackson-Michel, S; Missamma, M; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK, 2021)	1.1
" The relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN for total THC was found to be 31 times higher when compared to C-95."	( The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Jackson-Michel, S; Missamma, M; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK, 2021)	0.89
" However, the hydrophobicity and poor oral bioavailability result in the limited therapeutic efficacy of CUR against alcohol-induced tissue injury."	( Self-assembled micelles enhance the oral delivery of curcumin for the management of alcohol-induced tissue injury. Bao, S; Li, R; Xu, X; Ye, J; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y; Zhu, Y, 2021)	0.87
"Curcumin, a natural polyphenol from Curcuma longa, is known to possess diversified pharmacological roles including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties; however, its bioavailability is severely limited due to its poor solubility, poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and significant elimination."	( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of hydrazinocurcumin in rats. Choudhury, H; Dhanawat, M; Gupta, S; Jacob, S; Munjal, K; Nair, AB, 2021)	2.31
" These results revealed a faster rate and longer duration of absorption with intraperitoneal administration, which further resulted in enhanced absolute bioavailability of HZC (29."	( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of hydrazinocurcumin in rats. Choudhury, H; Dhanawat, M; Gupta, S; Jacob, S; Munjal, K; Nair, AB, 2021)	0.87
" The oral bioavailability and druggability of these active components were subsequently evaluated."	( An integrated approach to uncover anti-tumor active materials of Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma based on spectrum-effect relationship, molecular docking, and ADME evaluation. Chang, YL; Dong, Y; Fan, QQ; Liu, XY; Ma, JM; Ren, XY; Shan, DJ; She, GM; Song, RL; Wang, XH; Wang, Y; Wei, J; Yao, JL; Yu, AX, 2021)	0.62
" ADME evaluation showed rutin performed low oral bioavailability and druggability."	( An integrated approach to uncover anti-tumor active materials of Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma based on spectrum-effect relationship, molecular docking, and ADME evaluation. Chang, YL; Dong, Y; Fan, QQ; Liu, XY; Ma, JM; Ren, XY; Shan, DJ; She, GM; Song, RL; Wang, XH; Wang, Y; Wei, J; Yao, JL; Yu, AX, 2021)	0.62
" Although it has multiple pharmaceutical properties, its bioavailability and industrial usage are hindered due to rapid hydrolysis and low water solubility."	( Carbon-based Nanomaterials and Curcumin: A Review of Biosensing Applications. Behnam, B; Jamialahmadi, T; Mohajeri, M; Sahebkar, A; Tasbandi, A, 2021)	0.91
" Moreover, certain curcumin compounds with higher bioavailability tended to show more positive effects."	( A Systematic Review of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Shokri-Mashhadi, N, 2021)	1.21
" Therefore, further studies using curcumin-related compounds, particularly in highly bioavailable forms, are needed to assess the impact of curcumin on prostate conditions."	( Curcumin for the Treatment of Prostate Diseases: A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials. Abbasi, S; Alikiaii, B; Askari, G; Bagherniya, M; Jamialahmadi, T; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Soleimani, D, 2021)	2.34
" However, discrepant bioavailability and biodistribution of BER and CUR remained an obstacle to achieve synergistic effects."	( Improving the ameliorative effects of berberine and curcumin combination via dextran-coated bilosomes on non-alcohol fatty liver disease in mice. Chen, Y; Du, Q; Gong, Z; Huang, J; Jiang, Z; Lu, Y; Peng, J; Shen, X; Sun, R; Xu, J; Zhang, J; Zhou, J, 2021)	0.87
"The aim of this systematic review, conducted and reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and checklist, was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin supplementation on systemic inflammatory mediators, comparing dose, duration, and bioavailability status of interventions."	( Anti-inflammatory effects of oral supplementation with curcumin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Abbott, KA; Ferguson, JJA; Garg, ML, 2021)	1.06
" To improve their bioavailability and releasing behavior, hydrogel systems with high drug loadingg, stability and hydrophilic nature have been designed."	( Anticancer Effect of Alginate-chitosan Hydrogel Loaded with Curcumin and Chrysin on Lung and Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Abbasalizadeh, F; Akbarzadeh, A; Alizadeh, E; Bagher Fazljou, SM; Torbati, M, 2022)	0.96
" Curcumin is the principle curcuminoid of Curcuma longa, or colloquially turmeric, and has been experimentally proven to have anti-convulsive properties, but its poor bioavailability has dampened further therapeutic interest."	( Identification of curcumin analogues with anti-seizure potential in vivo using chemical and genetic zebrafish larva seizure models. Abas, F; Choo, BKM; Faudzi, SMM; Kundap, UP; Samarut, É; Shaikh, MF, 2021)	1.87
" Although curcumin is known to have anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic-like actions, its low water solubility, oral absorption, and bioavailability impede its therapeutic uses."	( Anti-cancer activity of amorphous curcumin preparation in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids. Abugomaa, A; Ayame, H; Elbadawy, M; Hayashi, K; Hayashi, SM; Hazama, S; Ishihara, Y; Kaneda, M; Nagano, H; Nakajima, M; Sasaki, K; Shibutani, M; Shinohara, Y; Suzuki, N; Takenouchi, H; Tsunedomi, R; Usui, T; Yamawaki, H, 2021)	1.3
" The aim of this work was to increase the poor bioavailability of curcumin by loading it into the nano-micelles made of Poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) and levan, where levan as a natural fructose homopolymer makes the nano-micelle more stable and increases its uptake using the fructose moieties."	( Levan enhanced the NF-κB suppression activity of an oral nano PLGA-curcumin formulation in breast cancer treatment. Bahadori, F; Demiray, M; Eroğlu, MS; Eskandari, Z; Kocyigit, A; Oner, ET; Yenigun, VB, 2021)	1.09
"Theracurmin is a submicron dispersed formulation of curcumin, which was developed to increase the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics of Theracurmin, a highly bioavailable curcumin, in healthy adult subjects. Cho, JY; Chung, H; Park, JY; Shin, D; Yeo, HK; Yoon, SH, 2021)	1.11
" Two lipophilic drugs, curcumin and quercetin were used in this study due to their dissolution rate limited oral bioavailability and poor permeability."	( Development of mushroom polysaccharide and probiotics based solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system loaded with curcumin and quercetin to improve their dissolution rate and permeability: State of the art. Chellappan, DK; Dua, K; Gowthamarajan, K; Gulati, M; Gupta, G; Gupta, PK; Jain, SK; Jha, NK; Kapoor, B; Khursheed, R; Singh, SK; Wadhwa, S; Zacconi, F, 2021)	1.14
" Most chemotherapeutics, however, have poor water solubility due to their hydrophobicity, which makes them less suited to biomedical applications; CUR is no exception because of its low bioavailability and extremely high hydrophobicity."	( Phenylboronic acid-based core-shell drug delivery platform clasping 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds by a coordinate interaction. Jung, S; Kim, WJ; Lee, J, 2021)	0.62
" They therefore represent a valuable means of investigating the bioavailability of a range of bioactive molecules."	( Biphasic Effect of Curcuminoids on Oxidation of Postprandial Chylomicrons. Clare, D; McKenna, N; McPherson, PAC, 2021)	0.95
"Oral delivery of curcumin (CUR) has limited effectiveness due to CUR's poor systemic bioavailability caused by its first-pass metabolism and low solubility."	( High-Payload Buccal Delivery System of Amorphous Curcumin-Chitosan Nanoparticle Complex in Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Starch Films. Hadinoto, K; Lim, LM, 2021)	1.22
" However, the poor bioavailability of curcumin is a significant pharmacological barrier for its antioxidant activities."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin-loaded nanophytosome on ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors and oxidative damage in male mice. Bavaghar, B; Maboudi, K; Moghaddam, AH; Sangdehi, SRM; Zare, M, 2021)	1.19
" However, the hindrances in their absorption, specificity, and bioavailability can be overcome using nanotechnology."	( Nanoencapsulation of Polyphenols as Drugs and Supplements for Enhancing Therapeutic Profile - A Review. Ansari, MT; Hafiz, AK; Hasnain, MS; Kalam, N; Khatoon, S; Shaikh, MF, 2022)	0.72
"Egg white derived peptides (EWDP) and curcumin are well known for diverse biological activities, but the combinational usage of the two natural nutraceuticals is extremely limited by their low oral bioavailability and distinctly different polarities."	( A self-assembled amphiphilic polysaccharide-based co-delivery system for egg white derived peptides and curcumin with oral bioavailability enhancement. Du, Z; Li, Y; Liu, B; Liu, C; Liu, J; Liu, X; Ma, S; Xiao, H; Yang, M; Yang, Q; Zhang, T, 2021)	1.11
" The emerging nanotechnology applications used to enhance CUR bioavailability and its targeted delivery in specific pathological conditions are collected and discussed."	( Nano-Derived Therapeutic Formulations with Curcumin in Inflammation-Related Diseases. Cho, WC; Cruz-Martins, N; Hudz, N; Kumar, M; Manca, ML; Manconi, M; Martorell, M; Pintus, G; Quispe, C; Shanaida, M; Sharifi-Rad, J; Sytar, O; Taheri, Y, 2021)	0.88
" To determine the actual bioavailability of the metals and phenolic acids present in the raw materials, they were extracted into artificial digestive juices (artificial gastric and intestinal juices)."	( Extraction of selected prohealth substances from Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale in artificial digestive juices. Kała, K; Krakowska, A; Muszyńska, B; Opoka, W; Rospond, B; Szewczyk, A, 2022)	0.72
" On the other hand, powdered rhizome was characterized by the highest bioavailability of elements for humans."	( Extraction of selected prohealth substances from Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale in artificial digestive juices. Kała, K; Krakowska, A; Muszyńska, B; Opoka, W; Rospond, B; Szewczyk, A, 2022)	0.72
"Low bioavailability currently limits the potential of curcumin as a health-promoting dietary compound."	( Impact of excipient emulsions made from different types of oils on the bioavailability and metabolism of curcumin in gastrointestinal tract. Li, Z; Luo, H; McClements, DJ; Xiao, H; Yao, M, 2022)	1.18
"Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, is a well-known anticancer agent, although its poor bioavailability remains a big concern."	( Curcumin induces autophagic cell death in human thyroid cancer cells. Bao, J; Cheng, X; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Wu, L; Xu, S; Yu, H; Zhang, L, 2022)	3.61
" The effect of spices on carotenoids' bioavailability is validated with active spice principles."	( Turmeric, red pepper, and black pepper affect carotenoids solubilized micelles properties and bioaccessibility: Capsaicin/piperine improves and curcumin inhibits carotenoids uptake and transport in Caco-2 cells. Ambedkar, R; Baskaran, V; Hanumanthappa, M; Lakshminarayana, R; Perumal, MK; Shilpa, S; Shwetha, HJ, 2021)	0.82
"Different mechanistic approaches to improve the low oral bioavailability of curcumin have been developed, but not yet directly compared in humans."	( Increasing Post-Digestive Solubility of Curcumin Is the Most Successful Strategy to Improve its Oral Bioavailability: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Adults and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Experiments. Adler, G; Flory, S; Frank, J; Haas, K; Jehle, S; Kienhöfer, E; Sus, N; Venturelli, S; Waehler, R, 2021)	1.12
"The improved oral bioavailability of micellar curcumin, and to a lesser extent of γ-cyclodextrin curcumin complexes, appears to be facilitated by increased post-digestive stability and solubility, whereas strategies targeting post-absorptive processes, including inhibition of biotransformation, appear ineffective."	( Increasing Post-Digestive Solubility of Curcumin Is the Most Successful Strategy to Improve its Oral Bioavailability: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Adults and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Experiments. Adler, G; Flory, S; Frank, J; Haas, K; Jehle, S; Kienhöfer, E; Sus, N; Venturelli, S; Waehler, R, 2021)	1.15
"A novel self-emulsifying formulation of curcumin with fenugreek galactomannan hydrogel scaffold as a water-dispersible non-covalent curcumin-galactomannan molecular complex (curcumagalactomannosides, CGM) has shown better bioavailability than curcumin and can be used for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases."	( A novel bioavailable curcumin-galactomannan complex modulates the genes responsible for the development of chronic diseases in mice: A RNA sequence analysis. Banik, K; Hegde, M; Khatoon, E; Kunnumakkara, AB; Naidu, VGM; Puppala, ER; Thakur, KK, 2021)	1.21
" However, poor bioavailability and selectivity might limit their clinical application."	( Phytosomes as Innovative Delivery Systems for Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Angarano, M; Barani, M; Dell'Agli, M; Gangadharappa, HV; Mehrabani, M; Mehrbani, M; Nematollahi, MH; Pardakhty, A; Piazza, S; Rajizadeh, MA; Sangiovanni, E, 2021)	0.62
" The potential multi-target effects and the enhanced solubility, proximity, and bioavailability of AP and CUR after co-encapsulation contributed to the synergistic activities."	( Synergistic anti-inflammatory activity of apigenin and curcumin co-encapsulated in caseins assessed with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Dia, VP; Hong, S; Zhong, Q, 2021)	0.87
" However, an in-depth study on its physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability has not been conducted as yet."	( An innovative approach using microencapsulated turmeric oleoresin to develop ready-to-use turmeric milk powder with enhanced oral bioavailability. Devarajan, PV; Ipar, VS; Singhal, RS, 2022)	0.72
"Curcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its poor water solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability extensively limit the further application in food and pharmaceutical systems."	( Structural interplay between curcumin and soy protein to improve the water-solubility and stability of curcumin. Du, M; Sun, R; Wang, Y; Wu, C; Xu, X; Zhu, B, 2021)	2.36
" However, its applications are still difficult in vivo due to its poor druggability and low bioavailability through the BBB."	( Brain Delivery of Curcumin Through Low-Intensity Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening via Lipid-PLGA Nanobubbles. Cai, F; Chen, Y; Liang, H; Liu, Z; Niu, W; Song, L; Su, Z; Yan, F; Yan, Y; Yu, B, 2021)	0.96
" Moreover, the oil absorption rate of the blend films was decreased by 46% in comparison with pristine film."	( Preparation and physicochemical assessment of bioactive films based on chitosan and starchy powder of white turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma Zedoaria) for green packaging applications. Chougale, RB; Gasti, T; Goudar, N; Hiremani, VD; Khanapure, S; Malabadi, RB; Masti, SP; Mudigoudra, BS; Vootla, SK, 2021)	0.62
"These results suggest that curcumin may be a potential protective or treatment agent against colon cancer; however, further studies on curcumin-rich diets and curcumin bioavailability are required."	( Curcumin induces apoptosis through caspase dependent pathway in human colon carcinoma cells. Bayram, D; Evgen Tülüceoğlu, E; Özgöçmen, M; Şahin Calapoğlu, N; Toğay, VA; Yavuz Türel, G, 2022)	2.46
"57-folds increase in bioavailability was observed for curcumin and quercetin respectively, upon loading into SNEDDS pellets."	( Self-nanoemulsifying composition containing curcumin, quercetin, Ganoderma lucidum extract powder and probiotics for effective treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in streptozotocin induced rats. A, A; Awasthi, A; Chitranshi, N; Corrie, L; Dua, K; Gulati, M; Gupta, PK; Jha, NK; K R, A; Kaur, J; Khursheed, R; Kumar, A; Kumar, B; Kumar, R; Mustafa, G; Singh, SK; Vishwas, S; Wadhwa, S; Zacconi, F, 2022)	1.23
" Moreover, we describe several possible nanocarrier-based approaches to improve the bioavailability of curcumin and enhance its biological activity."	( Curcumin for parkinson´s disease: potential therapeutic effects, molecular mechanisms, and nanoformulations to enhance its efficacy. Alcalá-Alcalá, S; Cortés, H; Del Prado-Audelo, ML; Figueroa-González, G; Florán, BN; González-Del Carmen, M; Gonzalez-Torres, M; Leyva-Gómez, G; Reyes-Hernández, OD; Sharifi-Rad, J; Vizcaino-Dorado, PA, 2021)	2.28
" Curcumin, nanocurcumin, and its nanocomposites with improved aqueous solubility and bioavailability are very potential, reliable, safe, and sustainable antibacterial molecule against clinically important bacterial species that uses multitarget mechanism such as inactivation of antioxidant enzyme, reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular damage, and inhibition of acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase necessary for quorum sensing and biofilm formation, thereby bypassing the mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic resistance."	( Antibacterial activity of curcumin and its essential nanoformulations against some clinically important bacterial pathogens: A comprehensive review. Shome, S; Talukdar, AD; Upadhyaya, H, 2022)	1.93
" Although RCTs suggest that curcumin is beneficial in ameliorating some metabolic complications, future research is still necessary to enhance its absorption and bioavailability profile, while also optimizing the most effective therapeutic doses."	( Curcumin supplementation improves biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in conditions of obesity, type 2 diabetes and NAFLD: updating the status of clinical evidence. Chellan, N; Dludla, PV; Gabuza, KB; Mazibuko-Mbeje, SE; Mokgalaboni, K; Nkambule, BB; Ntamo, Y; Nyambuya, TM; Tiano, L; Ziqubu, K, 2021)	2.36
" Evidence suggests that curcumin combined with photodynamic therapy can overcome the limitation of curcumin's low bioavailability by acting on apoptosis pathways, such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase family, and affecting cell cycle."	( Curcumin combined with photodynamic therapy, promising therapies for the treatment of cancer. Ji, X; Wei, Y; Xie, L; Zhang, Q, 2022)	2.47
" Hence, we hypothesized that the microneedles (MN) containing drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) may be able to improve its bioavailability and efficacy."	( Transdermal Delivery of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as Microneedle Patch: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Jose, J; Kumar, L; Nabavi, SM; Prabhu, A; Salwa, S; Vijay Kumar, M, 2022)	1.03
"Curcumin presents a promising anti-inflammatory potential, but its low water-solubility and bioavailability hinder its application."	( Curcumin and n-acetylcysteine cocrystal produced with supercritical solvent: characterization, solubility, and preclinical evaluation of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Aguiar, GPS; Alves, BO; Apel, MA; Danielli, LJ; Dos Santos, AE; Müller, LG; Oliveira, JV; Paulazzi, AR; Pedroso, J; Petry, F; Siebel, AM; Soares, KD; Zilli, GAL, 2022)	3.61
"To review the role of curcumin in retinal diseases, COVID era, modification of the molecule to improve bioavailability and its future scope."	( Role of Curcumin in Retinal Diseases-A review. Chandrasekaran, PR; Madanagopalan, VG, 2022)	1.47
" Pharmacokinetic study showed that the oral bioavailability presented nearly 12-fold increment."	( Study on the stability and oral bioavailability of curcumin loaded (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) nanoparticles based on hydrogen bonding-driven self-assembly. Chen, Y; Hu, J; Lei, X; Ming, J; Rao, Z; Sun, Y; Wang, J; Wang, Q; Xu, Z; Zeng, K; Zhao, J, 2022)	0.97
" Furthermore, many herbal constituents have the capability to enhance the bioavailability of drugs."	( Indian spices: past, present and future challenges as the engine for bio-enhancement of drugs: impact of COVID-19. Bhattacharya, R; Gidwani, B; Pandey, RK; Shukla, SS, 2022)	0.72
" Nanoparticles (NPs) are drug delivery systems that can increase the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs and improve drug targeting to cancer cells via different mechanisms and formulation techniques."	( Prospects of Curcumin Nanoformulations in Cancer Management. Alkhader, E; Amekyeh, H; Billa, N; Sabra, R, 2022)	1.09
" Yet, its low solubility hence low bioavailability is the main therapeutic limitation of curcumin."	( A New Perspective on the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Sleep Deprivation-Related Consequences: Can Curcumin Help? Bardakcı, H; Karpuz, B; Khan, H; Küpeli Akkol, E; Şeker Karatoprak, G; Yücel, Ç, 2022)	1.16
" Especially, using the nano-formulation of curcumin can overcome the poor bioavailability of curcumin and enhance its physicochemical properties regarding its efficacy."	( The cardioprotective effects of nano-curcumin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review. Ataei, G; Bagheri, H; Farhood, B; Ghahramani-Asl, R; Laripour, R; Mortezazadeh, T; Moutabian, H; Narmani, A; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T; Zamani, H, 2022)	1.26
" The Nano-formulation of curcumin increased the bioavailability and productivity of anti-cancer and anti-bacterial properties."	( Curcumin Encapsulated into Biocompatible Co-Polymer PLGA Nanoparticle Enhanced Anti-Gastric Cancer and Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Effect. Alam, J; Dilnawaz, F; Hussain, T; Mukhopadhyay, AK; Pati, S; Sahoo, SK; Singh, DV, 2022)	2.47
" Nanotechnology-based pharmaceutical formulations can help overcome the problems of reduced bioavailability of curcumin and increase its antidiabetic effects."	( Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin in Diabetes: A Review and Perspective. Calina, D; Daştan, SD; Gulsunoglu-Konuskan, Z; Herrera-Bravo, J; Javed, Z; Khan, K; Martorell, M; Quispe, C; Raza, S; Sharifi-Rad, J; Sytar, O, 2022)	1.23
"Uptake into intestinal cells and intracellular distribution into metabolically competent organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, are important processes potentially limiting the bioavailability of xenobiotics."	( Uptake and time-dependent subcellular localization of native and micellar curcumin in intestinal cells. Benz, AK; Flory, S; Frank, J, 2022)	0.95
" Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been used to overcome limited bioavailability and ensure greater biodistribution after administration."	( Polymeric nanomicelles of curcumin: Potential applications in cancer. Farhoudi, L; Johnston, TP; Kesharwani, P; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A, 2022)	1.02
" However, the low bioavailability of curcumin (Cur) due to its poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and fast systemic elimination, limits its benefits."	( Phosphatidylserine liposomes containing curcumin inhibit bone loss in osteoporotic rats: A possible synergy through a common signaling pathway. Goudarzi, R; Partoazar, A, 2022)	1.26
" Milk EXOs enhanced the bioavailability and anticancer activity of CUR and RSV by acting as Trojan horses that escape from cancer cells’ ABC-mediated chemoresistance."	( Milk-Derived Exosomes as Nanocarriers to Deliver Curcumin and Resveratrol in Breast Tissue and Enhance Their Anticancer Activity. Cattivelli, A; Cortés-Martín, A; Dávalos, A; Del Pozo-Acebo, L; Del Saz, A; Espín, JC; González-Sarrías, A; Iglesias-Aguirre, CE; López de Las Hazas, MC; Vallejo, F, 2022)	0.98
" However, its poor oral bioavailability limits its therapeutic value."	( The dual gastro- and neuroprotective effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles against cold restraint stress in rats. Abdelgawad, EM; Ali, KA; Bakr, AF; El-Naa, MM; Mahmoud, MY; Matoock, MY, 2022)	0.98
" The purpose of this study was to prepare PVP/VA-Poloxamer-188-curcuma extract solid dispersion (PAP-CSD) to improve the solubility and bioavailability of the curcuma extract."	( One-Way Intestinal Perfusion of PVP/VA-Poloxamer 188-Curcuma longa L. Extract Solid Dispersion in Rats In Vivo and Its Effect on HSC-T6 Cell Proliferation. Bi, R; Gao, J; Han, Y; Lai, X; Pan, L; Shi, Y; Tang, X, 2022)	0.72
" Although a variety of oral formulations with increased bioavailability have been developed, curcumin's absorption after oral delivery is too low to reach therapeutic concentrations in the micromolar range in the systemic circulation and the brain."	( Pharmacological considerations for treating neuroinflammation with curcumin in Alzheimer's disease. Münch, G; Raju, R; Venigalla, M; Zhou, X, 2022)	1.18
" Here we report a novel curcumin formulation, Curcuwin Ultra+ (CU+), with superior bioavailability as compared to 95% turmeric extract (TUR 1800)."	( Superior Bioavailability of a Novel Curcumin Formulation in Healthy Humans Under Fasting Conditions. Alukapally, S; Kothaplly, S; Maddela, R; Nagula, N, 2022)	1.3
"A randomized, double-blind, three-treatment, crossover oral bioavailability study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers under fasting conditions."	( Superior Bioavailability of a Novel Curcumin Formulation in Healthy Humans Under Fasting Conditions. Alukapally, S; Kothaplly, S; Maddela, R; Nagula, N, 2022)	1
"CU+, which is designed for increased absorption and protection of curcuminoids from intestinal degradation, demonstrated superior bioavailability as compared to TUR1800 at considerably smaller doses."	( Superior Bioavailability of a Novel Curcumin Formulation in Healthy Humans Under Fasting Conditions. Alukapally, S; Kothaplly, S; Maddela, R; Nagula, N, 2022)	1.23
" Despite the established anticancer activity of curcumin, its low aqueous solubility and bioavailability are barriers to its effectiveness."	( Curcumin Nanofibers: A Novel Approach to Enhance the Anticancer Potential and Bioavailability of Curcuminoids. Ataei, M; Majeed, M; Roufogalis, BD; Sahebkar, A; Shah, MA, 2023)	2.61
"GO-Y078, a new synthetic analogue of curcumin (CUR), has higher oral bioavailability and anticancer activity than CUR, but the oncostatic effect of GO-Y078 on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unknown."	( Curcumin analog, GO-Y078, induces HO-1 transactivation-mediated apoptotic cell death of oral cancer cells by triggering MAPK pathways and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Chen, LH; Chien, MH; Ding, YF; Hsieh, FK; Li, PY; Lin, CW; Shih, PC; Tsai, MY; Yang, SF, 2022)	2.44
"In this study, chitosan-coated niosome (ChN) was utilised for bioavailability enhancement of curcumin (Cn) and boswellic acids (BAs)."	( Co-encapsulation of curcumin and boswellic acids in chitosan-coated niosome: an Nourbakhsh, MS; Rajabzadeh, G; Sahab-Negah, S; Salehi, S; Yousefpour, M, 2022)	1.26
"The bioavailability of curcumin (Cur) is generally limited by its poor stability."	( The self-assembled zein hydrolysate-curcumin nanocomplex: improvement on the stability and sustainable release of curcumin. Lei, L; Liang, XY; Nag, A; Su, CR; Yang, XQ; Yuan, Y, 2022)	1.31
"The comprehensive utilization of food-derived nutraceuticals with different polarities has been extremely restricted by their poor bioavailability and coexistence in a single system."	( Co-encapsulation of Egg-White-Derived Peptides (EWDP) and Curcumin within the Polysaccharide-Based Amphiphilic Nanoparticles for Promising Oral Bioavailability Enhancement: Role of EWDP. Du, Z; Li, Y; Liu, C; Liu, J; Liu, X; Yang, M; Yang, Q; Zhang, B; Zhang, H; Zhang, T, 2022)	0.97
" We formulated mucoadhesive cubosomes for the delivery of curcumin, a lipophilic drug for cervical cancer treatment, to increase its bioavailability and local absorption."	( Potential of curcumin-loaded cubosomes for topical treatment of cervical cancer. Biffi, S; Bortot, B; Buzzá, HH; Calixto, G; Chorilli, M; Handschin, S; Lutz-Bueno, V; Mezzenga, R; Murgia, S; Salvati Manni, L; Victorelli, FD, 2022)	1.33
" Curcumin is an antioxidant with a low bioavailability in the target tissue."	( Prophylactic effect of topical (slow-release) and systemic curcumin nano-niosome antioxidant on oral cancer in rat. Bardania, H; Fazli, B; Irani, S; Moosavi, MS; Rohani, B, 2022)	1.87
" However, the use of CUR is limited by its low solubility and poor bioavailability in aqueous media."	( Curcumin and Derivatives in Nanoformulations with Therapeutic Potential on Colorectal Cancer. Bedhiafi, T; Billa, N; Hijji, YM; Idoudi, S, 2022)	2.16
" However, curcumin suffers from low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability following oral administration, which are severe constraints to its full therapeutic potential."	( Recent advances in nanogold as a promising nanocarrier for curcumin delivery. Kesharwani, P; Mahmoudi, A; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Teng, Y, 2022)	1.37
"To improve the bioavailability of curcumin, surfactin was used to prepare curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions (Cur-NEs)."	( Surfactin effectively improves bioavailability of curcumin by formation of nano-capsulation. Lu, Y; Lu, Z; Meng, F; Shan, M; Tang, C; Zhou, L, 2022)	1.25
" Their bioavailability is often low and very variable, depending on the food matrix and host factors."	( Influence of Proteins on the Absorption of Lipophilic Vitamins, Carotenoids and Curcumin - A Review. Bohn, T; Iddir, M; Larondelle, Y; Merten, D; Vahid, F, 2022)	0.95
" These unfavorable conditions further reduced the bioavailability (BA) and biological efficacy of CUR."	( An updated and comprehensive review on the potential health effects of curcumin-encapsulated micro/nanoparticles. Chen, W; Hanafy, NAN; Karim, N; Li, B; Mehanni, AE; Rashwan, AK; Taha, EM; Xu, Y, 2023)	1.14
" However, the low bioavailability of this compound can compromise its in vivo biological potential."	( Micronized Curcumin Causes Hyperlocomotion in Zebrafish Larvae. Aguiar, GPS; Bastos, LM; Benvenutti, R; Gallas-Lopes, M; Herrmann, AP; Oliveira, JV; Piato, A; Reis, CG; Sachett, A; Siebel, AM, 2022)	1.11
" Nanoparticles can increase the bioavailability and the targeted accumulation of drugs in the liver, so as to significantly improve the therapeutic effect of ALI."	( Hepatoprotective Effects of Albumin-Encapsulated Nanoparticles of a Curcumin Derivative COP-22 against Lipopolysaccharide/D-Galactosamine-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Dong, S; Jia, M; Li, S; Liu, G; Mu, W; Wang, Q; Yang, J, 2022)	0.96
"Curcumin, belongs to the curcuminoid family, is a natural phenolic compound, presenting low bioavailability and pleiotropic activity."	( Role of curcumin in ameliorating hypertension and associated conditions: a mechanistic insight. Dwivedi, J; Joshi, P; Joshi, S; Semwal, DK; Sharma, S; Verma, K, 2022)	2.6
" The synthesis of novel curcumin analogs and preparation of curcumin nano-formulations are effective strategies to overcome the low bioavailability of curcumin in the treatment of PC."	( Molecular Mechanism of Curcumin and Its Analogs as Multifunctional Compounds against Pancreatic Cancer. Huang, Q; Li, L; Mo, Y; Yang, H; Yang, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, Y; Zheng, Y, 2022)	1.34
" We report for the first time the combination of carmustine and curcumin entrapped as model hydrophobic drugs, increasing their bioavailability and yielding synergistic apoptotic effect on glioma cells."	( Supramolecular Hydrogel Based Post-Surgical Implant System for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery Against Glioma Recurrence. Ann Paul, R; James, J; Kumar, GSV; Sivakumar, KC; Sunil Jaikumar, V; Wanjale, MV, 2022)	0.96
" Most included studies found that NDS could increase oral bioavailability of curcumin as compared to free curcumin."	( Trends in advanced oral drug delivery system for curcumin: A systematic review. Dilokthornsakul, P; Pan-On, S; Tiyaboonchai, W, 2022)	1.2
" Interestingly, the bioavailability of CUR was found to be significantly improved using loaded lipid nanoemulsions (NEs)."	( Curcumin nanoemulsions inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by PI3K/Akt/mTOR suppression and miR-199a upregulation: A preliminary study. Bao, Z; Liu, W; Wang, J; Wu, L; Zhang, C, 2023)	2.35
"This study aimed to prepare alcohol-free curcumin-loaded zein-propylene glycol alginate (zein-PGA-Cur) nanoparticles using the pH-driven method to enhance the bioavailability and physicochemical stability of curcumin."	( pH-driven self-assembly of alcohol-free curcumin-loaded zein-propylene glycol alginate complex nanoparticles. Gong, J; Han, D; Li, M; Liu, Y; Zhang, X, 2022)	1.25
" Although phytochemicals have the potential ability to reduce the risk of CVD, the big gap between required high concentration in cells and the low bioavailability in the blood of phytochemicals compromise their therapeutic potentials."	( Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the combination of resveratrol and curcumin in human vascular endothelial cells and rodent aorta. Si, H; Wang, X; Zhang, L, 2022)	0.94
" Previous studies showed improved bioavailability and cytotoxicity of ginsenoside-modified nanostructured lipid carrier containing curcumin (G-NLC) in human colon cancer cell lines."	( Long-term Survival, Tolerability, and Safety of First-Line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI in Combination With Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Baek, JH; Jeon, Y; Sym, SJ; Yoo, BK, )	0.53
" Many studies have shown that curcumin can promote the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerves; however, whether curcumin can rescue cavernous nerve injury is unknown, and the poor bioavailability of curcumin limits its application in vivo."	( Curcumin slow-release membrane promotes erectile function and penile rehabilitation in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury. Chen, J; Dong, Q; Liu, Z; Peng, Z; Ren, Z; Song, P; Wang, L; Yang, L; Zhou, J, 2022)	2.45
" Curcumin, with high antioxidant ability but limited solubility and bioavailability in the body, can be encapsulated in gum Arabic to improve its solubility and bioavailability."	( In Vitro Evaluation of Curcumin Encapsulation in Gum Arabic Dispersions under Different Environments. Al Khafiz, MF; Anam, K; Christa, SM; Hudiyanti, D; Siahaan, P, 2022)	1.94
" The co-crystallization is a novel process enables improvements in physicochemical properties such as solubility and bioavailability of water insoluble compound by the incidence of molecular interactions between the active pharmaceutical ingredient and conformer."	( Co-crystallization of curcumin for improved photodynamic inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its application for the preservation of cooked clams. Gu, W; Liu, D; Sun, J, 2022)	1.04
" However, the high hydrophobicity hinders the in vivo bioavailability of CR, reducing its therapeutic index."	( Curcumin-loaded carrageenan nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterization, and assessment of the effects on osteoblasts mineralization. Beloti, MM; Bottini, M; Ciancaglini, P; Cruz, MAE; Lopes, HB; Nogueira, LFB; Ramos, AP; Tovani, CB, 2022)	2.16
" The instability, low water solubility and bioavailability of CUR greatly limit its clinical application."	( Pluronic F127-liposome-encapsulated curcumin activates Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway to promote cell migration of HaCaT cells. Cai, X; Huang, Y; Zhou, Q; Zhou, Y, 2023)	1.19
" For this reason, it is essential to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in AKI, as well as to improve its bioavailability for curcumin formulation development and clinical application."	( Role of curcumin in the treatment of acute kidney injury: research challenges and opportunities. Cai, Y; Deng, Z; Gao, S; Huang, C; Shu, J; Wan, CC; Xie, Y; Xu, S; Yan, T; Yang, Y; Zhang, L; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.37
"This review summarizes the sources, pharmacokinetics, and limitations in the clinical application of curcumin and explores methods to optimize its bioavailability using nanotechnology."	( Role of curcumin in the treatment of acute kidney injury: research challenges and opportunities. Cai, Y; Deng, Z; Gao, S; Huang, C; Shu, J; Wan, CC; Xie, Y; Xu, S; Yan, T; Yang, Y; Zhang, L; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.37
" In addition, due to the low bioavailability and poor absorption of curcumin in vivo, curcumin nanoformulations including nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymeric micelles are formulated to improve the bioavailability."	( Role of curcumin in the treatment of acute kidney injury: research challenges and opportunities. Cai, Y; Deng, Z; Gao, S; Huang, C; Shu, J; Wan, CC; Xie, Y; Xu, S; Yan, T; Yang, Y; Zhang, L; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.39
" The micronization process can reduce mean particle diameter and improve this compound's bioavailability and therapeutic potential."	( Non-micronized and micronized curcumin do not prevent the behavioral and neurochemical effects induced by acute stress in zebrafish. Aguiar, GPS; Benvenutti, R; Gallas-Lopes, M; Herrmann, AP; Linazzi, AM; Marcon, M; Oliveira, JV; Piato, A; Sachett, A; Siebel, AM, 2022)	1.01
" These HCC-targeted NPs led to a significant reduction in the drug dosage, delayed the rate of drug release and improved the bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs."	( Curcumin- and resveratrol-co-loaded nanoparticles in synergistic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Jia, R; Li, J; Qian, Y; Tian, X; Zheng, Y, 2022)	2.16
" The poor bioavailability and quick metabolism of such natural compounds require new investigative methods to improve their stability in the organisms."	( Antiproliferative Ruthenium Complexes Containing Curcuminoid Ligands Tested In Vitro on Human Ovarian Tumor Cell Line A2780, towards Their Capability to Modulate the NF- Achimaş-Cadariu, P; Fischer-Fodor, E; Kubelac, PM; Leskovská, J; Markuliak, M; Miklášová, N; Valentová, J, 2022)	0.98
"Curcumin has demonstrated potential cytotoxicity across various cell lines despite its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism."	( Curcumin piperidone derivatives induce anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects in LN-18 human glioblastoma cells. A Jamal, AR; Chan, KM; Kamaluddin, NF; Lam, KW; Rajab, NF; Razali, NSC, 2022)	3.61
"Drug delivery systems that not only show efficacy through multiple therapeutic pathways but also facilitate patient drug use and exhibit a high bioavailability profile represent a promising strategy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD)."	( A novel multi-target strategy for Alzheimer's disease treatment via sublingual route: Donepezil/memantine/curcumin-loaded nanofibers. Aydemir, O; Bocekci, VG; Cam, ME; Duruksu, G; Ertas, B; Guler, E; Gunduz, O; Gurbuz, F; Ozcan, GS; Sahin Cam, C; Topal, F; Yazir, Y, 2022)	0.93
" To improve the bioavailability of curcumin, it was encapsulated in WWBCs composites by participating in their structural co-assembly."	( Hydrophilic co-assembly of wheat gluten proteins and wheat bran cellulose improving the bioavailability of curcumin. Busquets, R; Hu, F; Rizwan Khan, M; Thakur, K; Wei, ZJ; Zhang, F; Zhang, JG; Zou, PR, 2022)	1.21
" The entrapment efficiency of the vesicles for the well-known antioxidant curcumin (whose bioavailability is a matter of concern due to low water solubility) was also studied."	( Addressing the Superior Drug Delivery Performance of Bilosomes─A Microscopy and Fluorescence Study. De, S; Mandal, RP; Mondal, D, 2022)	0.95
" The curcumin was encapsulated in the nanoemulgel system to enhance bioavailability in terms of antibacterial, antioxidant, sustained release and permeation at the wound site."	( Nanoceria laden decellularized extracellular matrix-based curcumin releasing nanoemulgel system for full-thickness wound healing. Ali, SI; Bashir, SM; Bhaskar, R; Din Dar, MU; Gani, MA; Gupta, MK; Makhdoomi, DM; Mishra, NC; Purohit, SD; Rather, MA; Singh, H; Yadav, I, 2022)	1.48
" Micro and nano-scaffolds made of natural polymers specifically cellulose, chitosan, and collagen can donate the biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioavailability properties appropriate to  accelerate wound closure before microbial biofilm formation."	( Antibacterial and wound healing applications of curcumin in micro and nano-scaffolds based on chitosan, cellulose, and collagen. Alavi, M; Aljelehawy, QHA; Ashengroph, M; Kahrizi, D; Moetasam Zorab, M, 2022)	0.98
"Although excessive pharmaceutical activities of curcumin have been reported, the poor solubility, low stability and low bioavailability greatly limited its application."	( Binding of curcumin to barley protein Z improves its solubility, stability and bioavailability. Gan, J; Jiang, Z; Lv, C; Wang, L, 2023)	1.56
" In spite of its well-documented efficacies against numerous disease conditions, the limited systemic bioavailability of curcumin is a continuing concern."	( A Unifying Perspective in Blunting the Limited Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin: A Succinct Look. Alqahtani, A; Alqahtani, T; Balakumar, P; Lakshmiraj, RS; Rupeshkumar, M; Singh, G; Sundram, K; Thangathirupathi, A, 2022)	1.16
"In light of current challenges, the major concern pertaining to poor systemic bioavailability of curcumin, its improvement, especially in combination with piperine, and the necessity of additional research in this setting are together described in this review."	( A Unifying Perspective in Blunting the Limited Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin: A Succinct Look. Alqahtani, A; Alqahtani, T; Balakumar, P; Lakshmiraj, RS; Rupeshkumar, M; Singh, G; Sundram, K; Thangathirupathi, A, 2022)	1.17
" Poor solubility and bioavailability are the main factors that limit its clinical application."	( Recent Advances of Curcumin Derivatives in Breast Cancer. Chen, H; Li, X; Mi, P; Tan, Y; Tang, G; Wei, X; Yang, Z; Yao, X; Yin, Y; Zheng, X, 2022)	1.05
" By using pHDL-Cur, the encapsulated hydrophobics are tracked in the core of pHDL, and incorporations of Cur with pHDL vehicles greatly improve the bioavailability and association of Cur with AS plaques."	( Peptide-Based HDL as an Effective Delivery System for Lipophilic Drugs to Restrain Atherosclerosis Development. Gao, J; Li, J; Li, N; Li, Z; Song, P; Xiao, W; Xu, R; Yang, J, 2022)	0.72
" Benefits of pHDL-based drug delivery will potentially extend the application scenarios of bioactive chemicals from natural plants which are underutilized due to features like low bioavailability and facilitate the clinical translation of synthetic HDL therapies in HDL-associated disorders, including but not limited to AS."	( Peptide-Based HDL as an Effective Delivery System for Lipophilic Drugs to Restrain Atherosclerosis Development. Gao, J; Li, J; Li, N; Li, Z; Song, P; Xiao, W; Xu, R; Yang, J, 2022)	0.72
" The enhanced bioavailability of curcumin at the nanoscale qualifies this nano-herb as a promising alternative therapy for oral candidiasis, evading nystatin-associated morbidity."	( Curcumin nanoparticles: the topical antimycotic suspension treating oral candidiasis. Aboulela, AG; Anwar, SK; Elmonaem, SNA; Essawy, MM; Moussa, E, 2023)	2.63
" Innovative formulations have been developed to overcome the poor bioavailability of native curcumin."	( Micellar Curcumin: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on Inflammation Markers and PCSK-9 Concentrations in Healthy Subjects in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Buchtele, N; Derhaschnig, U; Eskandary, F; Frank, J; Grafeneder, J; Jilma, B; Schoergenhofer, C; Sus, N, 2022)	1.36
"Micellar curcumin demonstrates an improved oral bioavailability but does not show anti-inflammatory effects in this model."	( Micellar Curcumin: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on Inflammation Markers and PCSK-9 Concentrations in Healthy Subjects in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Buchtele, N; Derhaschnig, U; Eskandary, F; Frank, J; Grafeneder, J; Jilma, B; Schoergenhofer, C; Sus, N, 2022)	1.56
" To better understand the role of bioavailability in clinical outcomes, we have tested double-headed nanosystems containing curcumin (nCUR) on DPN."	( Oral Nanocurcumin Alone or in Combination with Insulin Alleviates STZ-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy in Rats. Arora, M; Basu, R; Dwivedi, S; Friend, R; Ganugula, R; Gottipati, A; Kumar, MNVR; Osburne, R; Pan, HL; Rodrigues-Hoffman, A, 2022)	1.35
" Based on pre-clinical studies, curcumin administration is beneficial in the treatment of urological cancers and future clinical applications might be considered upon solving problems related to the poor bioavailability of the compound."	( Curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers: Therapeutic targets, challenges and prospects. Barati, M; Entezari, M; Hashemi, M; Hejazi, ES; Kakavand, A; Kalbasi, A; Mirzaei, S; Rashidi, M; Salimimoghadam, S; Sethi, G; Taheriazam, A, 2022)	2.45
" However, their applications are limited due to poor oral bioavailability and the lack of tumor-targeting property."	( iRGD-grafted N-trimethyl chitosan-coated protein nanotubes enhanced the anticancer efficacy of curcumin and melittin. Hou, G; Li, Y; Liang, S; Liu, B; Shi, W; Wang, Q; Zhang, H, 2022)	0.94
" However, curcumin has poor water solubility, high sensitivity to light and heat, and low absorption, which results in low bioavailability and greatly limits the clinical application of curcumin, as well as the elusive effects in anti-epileptic treatment."	( Curcumin-loaded hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with enhanced dissolution and oral bioavailability for epilepsy treatment. Guo, F; Hu, M; Lv, Y; Zeng, Y; Zhang, C, 2022)	2.57
" Nanoparticles (NPs) can significantly enhance oral absorption, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of drug, however, NPs are limited by the gastrointestinal degradation, mucosal and epithelial barriers."	( Curcumin encapsulation in self-assembled nanoparticles based on amphiphilic palmitic acid-grafted-quaternized chitosan with enhanced cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Gong, X; Jin, Z; Xie, Y; Xu, W; Zhao, K, 2022)	2.16
" However, its low solubility, instability, and poor bioavailability challenge its in vivo application."	( Effect of curcumin-loaded photoactivatable polymeric nanoparticle on peri-implantitis-related biofilm. Chorilli, M; Duarte, S; Panariello, B; Spolidorio, DMP; Tonon, CC, 2022)	1.12
" However, curcumin's poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its application."	( Bioactivity and Cell Imaging of Antitumor Fluorescent Agents (Curcumin Derivatives) Coated by Two-Way Embedded Cyclodextrin Strategy. Hu, K; Jin, G; Lian, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.36
" The laboratory data and clinical trials have demonstrated that the bioavailability and bioactivity of curcumin are influenced by the feature of the curcumin molecular complex types."	( Strategies for Improving Bioavailability, Bioactivity, and Physical-Chemical Behavior of Curcumin. Avram, A; Barbu, I; Mocanu, A; Pop, LC; Racz, CP; Racz, LZ; Roman, I; Sárközi, M; Toma, VA; Tomoaia, G; Tomoaia-Cotisel, M, 2022)	1.16
" Our work showed that OSA-pre-treatment ultrasonic rice starch could improve curcumin bioavailability by increasing the encapsulation efficiency with stronger stability to avoid the attack of enzymes and high intensity ion, providing a way to develop new emulsion-based delivery systems for bioactive lipophilic compounds using OSA starch."	( Application of Curcumin Emulsion Carrier from Ultrasonic-Assisted Prepared Octenyl Succinic Anhydride Rice Starch. Fang, H; Tian, J; Wei, X; Zhang, H; Zheng, Y, 2022)	1.3
"The development of amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) is one way to overcome the bioavailability challenges of poorly water-soluble drug."	( Development and characterization of an amorphous curcumin-Eudragit Cao, M; Li, W; Wang, X; Zhang, S; Zhao, X; Zhu, Y, 2022)	0.98
" And the bioavailability of curcumin was increased to 39."	( Pickering emulsions stabilized by zein-proanthocyanidins-pectin ternary composites (ZPAAPs): Construction and delivery studies. Huang, D; Huang, Q; Jiang, Y; Li, D; Li, F; Li, W; Ouyang, F; Song, W; Song, Y, 2023)	1.2
" Creatively, PA can effectively improve the bioavailability of Cur; more importantly, Cur and PA play an obvious synergistic effect in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and osteogenic activities."	( Drug-Loaded and Anisotropic Wood-Derived Hydrogel Periosteum with Super Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Osteogenic Activities. Chen, J; Liu, M; Lu, L; Luo, B; Sun, T; Zhou, C; Zhu, Z, 2022)	0.72
" Piperine has been indicated as a bioavailability enhancer of turmeric and consequently of its biological effects."	( Turmeric supplementation with piperine is more effective than turmeric alone in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Braga, CC; Carlos da Cunha, L; Costa, NA; de Souza Freitas, ATV; Freitas E Silva-Santana, NC; Peixoto, MDRG; Pereira Martins, TF; Rodrigues, HCN; Silva, MAC, 2022)	0.72
" In this critical review, we address the biological and pharmacological characteristics of curcumin and its analogs, with an emphasis on strategies to improve the bioactivity and bioavailability of curcumin analogs that may increase their application in the treatment of potent human metastatic osteosarcoma."	( Curcumin in human osteosarcoma: From analogs to carriers. Lin, CW; Lu, KH; Lu, PW; Yang, SF, 2023)	2.57
" Curcumin is an established anti-endometriotic agent with inherent fluorescent properties; however, poor bioavailability limits its clinical utility."	( Transition metallo-curcumin complexes: a new hope for endometriosis? Chaudhury, K; Choudhury, P; Dasgupta, S; Ghosh, P; Halder, S; Hansda, A; Mukherjee, G; Mukherjee, S; Ojha, AK; Sharma, S; Singh, A, 2022)	1.96
" Nanoencapsulating curcumin enhanced in vitro bioavailability and antiproliferation activity against colon cancer cells."	( Shellac Micelles Loaded with Curcumin Using a pH Cycle to Improve Dispersibility, Bioaccessibility, and Potential for Colon Delivery. Dia, V; Jain, S; Lenaghan, SC; Wang, A; Zhong, Q, 2022)	1.34
" Poor solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limits the efficient and effective use of curcumin in management of bacterial infection related to burn wound."	( Potential of Curcumin nanoemulsion as antimicrobial and wound healing agent in burn wound infection. Kumari, M; Nanda, DK, 2023)	1.54
" Furthermore, we also focused on improving the bioavailability of curcumin by development of novel curcumin analogs with high bioavailability, nanoparticles-loaded drug delivery system for curcumin, and combination therapy of curcumin with other agents."	( Curcumin: An epigenetic regulator and its application in cancer. Liu, M; Ming, T; Ren, S; Tang, S; Tao, Q; Xu, H; Yang, H; Zhao, H, 2022)	2.4
"Diphenyl difluoroketone (EF-24), a synthetic curcumin analog, has enhanced bioavailability over curcumin."	( EF-24 inhibits TPA-induced cellular migration and MMP-9 expression through the p38 signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells. Ho, YC; Hsiao, YH; Hsin, MC; Lee, CY; Lin, CW; Tang, YC; Wang, PH; Yang, SF, 2023)	1.17
" However, poor oral bioavailability and permeability of curcumin are a major challenge for formulation scientists."	( Formulation and Development of Curcumin-Piperine-Loaded S-SNEDDS for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Ahmad, S; Hafeez, A, 2023)	1.44
" In here we hypothesized that curcumin-loaded chitosan-coated solid lipid nanoparticles (CuCsSLN) are able to increase its overall bioavailability and hence its antioxidant and mitochondria;/lysosomal protective properties of curcumin."	( Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Preparation and Its Protective Effect on Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat isolated Cardiomyocytes and Mitochondria. Ebrahimi, HA; Esmaeli, S; Khezri, S; Salimi, A, 2023)	2.64
" However, the low bioavailability and poor targeting properties of curcumin generally limit its clinical application."	( Curcumin-Encapsulated Fusion Protein-Based Nanocarrier Demonstrated Highly Efficient Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Han, Z; Li, Y; Ma, Z; Qiao, M; Song, B; Wang, B; Xu, H; Yang, J; Yu, L, 2022)	2.4
" However, its use is limited due to its hydrophobic nature, poor solubility in water at acidic or neutral pH, and limited bioavailability at the tumor site."	( Anticancer potential of curcumin-cyclodextrin complexes and their pharmacokinetic properties. Johnston, TP; Kesharwani, P; Sahebkar, A; Shahriari, M, 2023)	1.22
" In this study, curcumin was selected as an inhibitor of P-gp and CYP450, and it was co-encapsuled in SMEs to improve the oral bioavailability of docetaxel."	( A self-microemulsion enhances oral absorption of docetaxel by inhibiting P-glycoprotein and CYP metabolism. Tong, L; Wang, G; Wu, C; Zhou, Z, 2023)	1.26
" It is expected that curcumin will acquire high bioaccessibility and bioavailability when the O/W emulsion is to be used in clinical applications."	( Preparation and Optimization of O/W Emulsions Stabilized by Triglycerol Monolaurate for Curcumin Encapsulation. Han, P; Ji, L; Su, Q; Wang, L; Zhang, G; Zhang, Q; Zhao, F, 2022)	1.26
" The optimum temperature (70°C) during the shape-shifting provides the retention of bioavailability and functional properties of curcumin."	( Curcumin-infused xerogel-based nutraceutical development and its 4D shape-shifting behavior. Cheeyattil, S; Radhakrishnan, M; Rajan, A, 2023)	2.56
" Furthermore, applying PLGA-PEG NPs could improve the bioavailability of free curcumin and chrysin components and at the same time increases the anti-cancer potential of this compound."	( Development of PEGylated PLGA Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Bioactive Compounds: Potential Anticancer Effect on Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Jafari-Gharabaghlou, D; Mohammadinejad, S; Zarghami, N, 2022)	0.95
" However, low water solubility and bioavailability of the compound are major challenges against its medical use."	( Delivery of curcumin within emulsome nanoparticles enhances the anti-cancer activity in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell. Bolat, ZB; Islek, Z; Sahin, F; Ucisik, MH, 2023)	1.29
" Several novel formulations of curcumin extracts have been prepared in recent years to increase the systemic availability of curcumin; Longvida®, a solid lipid curcumin particle preparation, is one such formulation that has shown enhanced bioavailability compared with standard curcuminoid extracts."	( Safety assessment of a solid lipid curcumin particle preparation: In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity studies. Bali, V; Kukadia, D; Muchhara, J; Patel, C; Phipps, KR, 2023)	1.47
"In recent years, the design of food-grade Pickering emulsion delivery systems has become an effective strategy for improving the low bioavailability of bioactive substances."	( Pickering emulsion stabilized by casein-caffeic acid covalent nanoparticles to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin in vitro and in vivo. Lu, R; Wang, Y; Zhang, B, 2023)	1.12
"Curcumin (CUR) is a promising natural compound in ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment, but limited by its low oral bioavailability and poor targeting ability."	( Folic acid-modified lactoferrin nanoparticles coated with a laminarin layer loaded curcumin with dual-targeting for ulcerative colitis treatment. Ayue, S; Chang, D; Dai, L; Gao, F; He, H; Luo, R; Qi, S; Ye, N; Ye, Y; Zhao, P, 2023)	2.58
"To improve the stability and bioavailability of the delivered hydrophobic nutrients, the zein-based delivery system was modified by alginate oligosaccharide (AOS), cold plasma (CP) treatments, and synergistically."	( Cold plasma treatment with alginate oligosaccharide improves the digestive stability and bioavailability of nutrient-delivered particles: An in vitro INFOGEST gastrointestinal study. Chen, Y; Li, S; Qaing, S; Wang, J; Wang, Y; Yang, B; Yang, T; Zhang, Y; Zhou, J, 2023)	0.91
"Contrary to the advantageous anticancer activities of curcumin (Cur), limited bioavailability and solubility hindered its efficacy."	( Synergistic effects of dendrosomal nanocurcumin and oxaliplatin on oncogenic properties of ovarian cancer cell lines by down-expression of MMPs. Ahmad, E; Alizadeh Zarei, M; Haddad Kashani, H; Nikzad, H; Seyed Hosseini, E; Tarrahimofrad, H; Zamani, J, 2023)	1.43
" Among these steroidal surfactants, CHAPS, the zwitterionic derivative of cholic acid, was the most efficient one to offer better solubility and stability to curcumin under all conditions, and the death rate of MCF-7 cells by curcumin was found to be the highest in the presence of CHAPS, indicating the enhanced bioavailability of curcumin."	( Exploring Steroidal Surfactants as Potential Drug Carriers for an Anticancer Drug Curcumin: An Insight into the Effect of Surfactants' Structure on the Photophysical Properties, Stability, and Activity of Curcumin. Jena, SR; Mohanty, S; Samanta, L; Subuddhi, U; Tirkey, B, 2023)	1.33
"Initially, in vivo plasma and brain pharmacokinetics was performed to determine improvement in relative bioavailability in rats followed by biodistribution and histopathological evaluation."	( Brain Targeted Curcumin Loaded Turmeric Oil Microemulsion Protects Against Trimethyltin Induced Neurodegeneration in Adult Zebrafish: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Insight. More, S; Pawar, A, 2023)	1.26
" Co-administration of curcumin along with piperine could potentially improve the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Curcumin-piperine co-supplementation and human health: A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies. Bagherniya, M; Heidari, H; Jamialahmadi, T; Majeed, M; Sahebkar, A; Sathyapalan, T, 2023)	2.67
"Despite the attractive anti-cancer effects, poor solubility and low bioavailability have restricted the clinical application of Curcumin."	( Gemini curcumin inhibits 4T1 cancer cell proliferation and modulates the expression of apoptotic and metastatic genes in Balb/c mice model. Babaei, E; Hesari, FS; Kandjani, BZ, 2023)	1.57
"The present study suggests that the dry emulsion may enhance the bioavailability with synergistic anti-inflammatory activity and photostability of curcumin when given orally."	( Enhanced Pharmacokinetics and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Curcumin Using Dry Emulsion as Drug Delivery Vehicle. Chella, N; Jeengar, MK; Naidu, VGM; Nayakula, M, 2023)	1.35
" Meanwhile, the bioavailability of curcumin in sago SNP-Pickering emulsion was highest."	( Comparison of properties and application of starch nanoparticles optimized prepared from different crystalline starches. Du, C; Du, SK; Ge, W; Hu, W; Jiang, F; Yu, X, 2023)	1.19
" Here, we aimed to evaluate the stability, bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles of monocarbonyl analogs of curcumin."	( Monocarbonyl Analogs of Curcumin with Potential to Treat Colorectal Cancer. Afonso, MB; Awam, S; Clariano, M; Jesus Perry, M; Marques, V; Rodrigues, CMP; Vaz, J, 2023)	1.43
" Although the digestion behaviour of MOS-CUR and water-CUR was similar, the bioavailability of curcumin in MOS-CUR was significantly higher than that in water-CUR."	( Enhancement of the chemical stability of nanoemulsions loaded with curcumin by unsaturated mannuronate oligosaccharide. Bi, D; Fang, W; Guo, W; Hu, Z; Li, M; Wu, Y; Xu, H; Xu, X; Yao, L; Zhu, N, 2023)	1.37
" Curcumin, one of the compounds extracted from turmeric, is a well-studied active herbal extract; however, its poor bioavailability and solubility in water, instability against temperature, light and pH fluctuations and rapid excretion limit its therapeutic application."	( The Effect of Synthetic Curcumin Analogues on Obesity, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review. Bagherniya, M; Butler, AE; Emami, SA; Lavian, S; Mardaneh, P; Sahebkar, A, 2023)	2.13
" However, before in vivo testing, important preclinical data required are toxicological safety and bioavailability of soluble forms of DMC."	( Pharmacological safety of dimethoxy curcumin-human serum albumin conjugate for potential therapeutic purpose. Arya, A; Deepa, S; Harikrishnan, VS; Korah, MC; Krishnan, LK; Mohanan, PV; Sabareeswaran, A, 2023)	1.19
" This review also emphasizes the significance of the co-delivery vehicles-based nanoparticles of such bioactive phytochemicals that could improve their bioavailability and reduce their systemic dose."	( Co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals improves anticancer activity by regulating multiple molecular targets. Asoodeh, A; Ghobadi, N, 2023)	1.23
"Despite numerous advantages, curcumin's (CUR) low solubility and low bioavailability limit its employment as a free drug."	( Curcumin-based nanoformulations alleviate wounds and related disorders: A comprehensive review. Ansari, L; Askari, VR; Baradaran Rahimi, V; Ghayour-Mobarhan, M; Mashayekhi-Sardoo, H; Yahyazadeh, R, )	1.87
" However, due to poor water solubility, rapid catabolism, and low bioavailability of curcumin, studies on curcumin derivatives and novel formulations are increasing."	( Basic research on curcumin in cervical cancer: Progress and perspectives. Wang, L; Wang, X; Xia, L; Zhang, H; Zhang, X; Zhu, L, 2023)	1.47
" However, poor bioavailability is the major barrier to the efficient pharmacological effects of curcumin in humans."	( Selective Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Curcumin-encapsulated SPC and HSPC Liposome Nanoparticles on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Amanolahi, F; Gholami, L; Kazemi Oskuee, R; Malaekeh-Nikouei, B; Mohammadi, A; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Nikfar, B, 2023)	1.39
"The present study aimed to develop liposome formulations based on soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) and hydrogenated SPC (HSPC) to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin in bladder cancer cells."	( Selective Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Curcumin-encapsulated SPC and HSPC Liposome Nanoparticles on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Amanolahi, F; Gholami, L; Kazemi Oskuee, R; Malaekeh-Nikouei, B; Mohammadi, A; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Nikfar, B, 2023)	1.36
"In conclusion, SPC and HSPC liposome nanoparticles can significantly increase the stability and bioavailability of curcumin, which are important for improving its pharmacological effect."	( Selective Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Curcumin-encapsulated SPC and HSPC Liposome Nanoparticles on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Amanolahi, F; Gholami, L; Kazemi Oskuee, R; Malaekeh-Nikouei, B; Mohammadi, A; Momtazi-Borojeni, AA; Nikfar, B, 2023)	1.38
" HT-29 human colon cancer cell analysis showed that the addition of CMC significantly improved the anti-proliferation effect of Cur SDs, thus enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Delivery of curcumin in a carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose carrier: Physicochemical properties and biological activity. Fu, Y; Li, T; Luo, Y; Su, H; Wang, M; Wang, S; Xie, Y, 2023)	1.48
" However, the limited properties of CUR, including the poor solubility, bioavailability and instability caused by enzymes, light, metal irons, and oxygen, have compelled researchers to turn their attention to drug carrier application to overcome these drawbacks."	( Polysaccharides-based nanocarriers enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin. Bai, L; Li, Z; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Luo, W; Shi, A; Tang, X; Xia, P; Xu, M; Yu, P; Zhang, D; Zhang, J, 2023)	1.14
" The poor bioavailability of curcumin can be improved with the concomitant administration of piperine, with no severe adverse effects on glycemia reported so far in the literature."	( Overview of Curcumin and Piperine Effects on Glucose Metabolism: The Case of an Insulinoma Patient's Loss of Consciousness. Ciniglio Appiani, G; De Gennaro Colonna, V; Garzia, E; La Vecchia, C; Marfia, G; Moroncini, G; Panzeri, E; Servida, S; Tomaino, L; Vigna, L, 2023)	1.58
" The oral bioavailability (BA) of Cur is limited because of its poor water solubility."	( Cationic Ester Prodrugs of Curcumin with N,N-dimethyl Amino Acid Promoieties Improved Poor Water Solubility and Intestinal Absorption. Goto, S; Hirano-Kusuda, M; Karube, Y; Koga, M; Matsunaga, K; Nagata-Akaho, N; Setoguchi, S; Takata, J; Watase, D; Yamada, A, 2023)	1.21
" The Cur prodrugs enhanced the absolute oral bioavailability of Cur by a 9- and threefold increase of suspended and dissolved Cur administration, respectively, thereby improving intestinal absorption."	( Cationic Ester Prodrugs of Curcumin with N,N-dimethyl Amino Acid Promoieties Improved Poor Water Solubility and Intestinal Absorption. Goto, S; Hirano-Kusuda, M; Karube, Y; Koga, M; Matsunaga, K; Nagata-Akaho, N; Setoguchi, S; Takata, J; Watase, D; Yamada, A, 2023)	1.21
"The cationic N,N-dimethyl amino acid ester prodrugs of Cur improved the water solubility of Cur and enhanced oral bioavailability in rats."	( Cationic Ester Prodrugs of Curcumin with N,N-dimethyl Amino Acid Promoieties Improved Poor Water Solubility and Intestinal Absorption. Goto, S; Hirano-Kusuda, M; Karube, Y; Koga, M; Matsunaga, K; Nagata-Akaho, N; Setoguchi, S; Takata, J; Watase, D; Yamada, A, 2023)	1.21
" The therapeutic potential is maximized by utilizing nanocarriers such as liposomes, micelles, nanoemulsions, and nanoparticles to increase phytochemical bioavailability and target specificity."	( An Updated Review on the Role of Nanoformulated Phytochemicals in Colorectal Cancer. Adhikari, S; Baildya, N; Banerjee, A; Bisgin, A; Das, A; Deka, D; Pathak, S; Paul, S; Sahare, P, 2023)	0.91
" Nano delivery system such as niosome can improve the bioavailability and stability of bioactive compounds within the drug."	( Enhanced anti-cancer effect of artemisinin- and curcumin-loaded niosomal nanoparticles against human colon cancer cells. Dadashpour, M; Eslami, M; Firouzi Amandi, A; Jokar, E; Nejati, B; Rezaie, M; Yazdani, Y, 2023)	1.17
" One of the main problems in clinical research is related to the limited bioavailability of most polyphenols."	( Combination Chemotherapy with Selected Polyphenols in Preclinical and Clinical Studies-An Update Overview. Barbarić, M; Jakobušić Brala, C; Karković Marković, A; Kugić, A; Torić, J, 2023)	0.91
"Poor bioavailability hampers the use of curcumin and piperine as biologically active agents."	( Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Effective Technique for Obtaining an Amorphous System of Curcumin and Piperine with Improved Properties Essential for Their Better Biological Activities. Cielecka-Piontek, J; Pietrzak, R; Tykarska, E; Wdowiak, K, 2023)	1.4
" However, curcumin's low solubility and bioavailability are its primary drawbacks and prevent its use as a therapeutic agent."	( The Effect of Curcumin Nanoparticles on Paracetamol-induced Liver Injury in Male Wistar Rats. Damayanti, IP; Mahati, E; Nugroho, T; Suhartono, S; Suryono, S; Susanto, H; Susilaningsih, N; Suwondo, A, 2023)	1.67
" In its bioavailability studies, it was found that it significantly increases the death of cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner."	( The evaluation of chitosan hydrogel based curcumin effect on DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, MEG3, HOTAIR gene expression in glioblastoma cell line. Abolfathi, S; Zare, M, 2023)	1.17
" However, low solubility, stability and bioavailability restricts its applications in food."	( The bioavailability, metabolism and microbial modulation of curcumin-loaded nanodelivery systems. Assadpour, E; Chang, R; Chen, L; Esatbeyoglu, T; Jafari, SM; Kharazmi, MS; Li, L; Li, X; Li, Y; Qamar, M; Wen, Y; Zhang, J, 2023)	1.15
" In addition, the dilemma of the application of curcumin due to its low water solubility and bioavailability was discussed."	( The therapeutic potential of curcumin and its related substances in turmeric: From raw material selection to application strategies. Ho, CT; Hsu, KY; Pan, MH, 2023)	1.46
" However, its low oral bioavailability due to its low water solubility and permeability severely limits its clinical applications."	( Curcumin nanocrystals self-stabilized Pickering emulsion freeze-dried powder: Development, characterization, and suppression of airway inflammation. Dong, W; Huang, X; Liang, X; Liao, Z; Wang, X; Zhao, G; Zhou, X, 2023)	2.35
" Despite the potential benefits for diabetics, curcumin's low bioavailability significantly reduces its utility."	( Recent advances in curcumin-based nanoformulations in diabetes. Ataei, M; Gumpricht, E; Jamialahmadi, T; Kesharwani, P; Sahebkar, A, 2023)	1.5
" The current study was conducted to fabricate, and optimize curcumin loaded chitosan and Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanoparticles (NPs) to improve the bioavailability of curcumin."	( Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Ahmad, K; Ansari, KA; Asif, HM; Ghaffar, S; Iqbal, A; Rana, S; Shaheen, G; Zafar, F; Zahid, R, 2023)	1.37
" Additionally, the poor bioavailability of Cur renders it difficult to elucidate its hepatoprotective effect, hence, its biotransformation should be considered."	( Curcumin Alleviates High-fat Diet-induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis via Improving Hepatic Endothelial Function with Microbial Biotransformation in Rats. Chen, J; Chen, L; Guan, F; Huang, N; Li, M; Lin, Z; Liu, Y; Luo, H; Su, Z; Wei, G; Wu, J, 2023)	2.35
" The poor bioavailability and hydrophobic nature of curcumin restrict its clinical use."	( Multifunctional polydopamine - Zn Bhattacharjee, A; Bose, S, 2023)	1.16
" In conclusion, pH-sensitive drug delivery system with good drug stability and bioavailability were successfully prepared with carboxymethylcellulose / ZnO / chitosan bead, suitable targeting drug delivery to the small intestine."	( Preparation of carboxymethylcellulose / ZnO / chitosan composite hydrogel microbeads and its drug release behaviour. Han, Z; Li, Y; Luo, XE; Tan, MJ; Wen, QH; Woo, MW; Yao, RY; Yue, FH; Zeng, XA, 2023)	0.91
" However, little is known about the influence of dietary bioactive compounds on the bioavailability of PFOA and HFPO-TA."	( Influence of dietary bioactive compounds on the bioavailability and excretion of PFOA and its alternative HFPO-TA: Mechanism exploration. Chen, Y; Cui, X; Wu, H, 2023)	0.91
" However, its poor solubility in water, inappropriate pharmacokinetics, and low bioavailability limit its use as an antitumor drug."	( Effect of folic acid-linked chitosan-coated PLGA-based curcumin nanoparticles on the redox system of glioblastoma cancer cells. Ghahremanloo, A; Ghoreyshi, N; Hashemy, SI; Homayouni Tabrizi, M; Javid, H, 2023)	1.16
" In addition, the low biocompatibility and absorption rate of curcumin also limit the use of curcumin drugs."	( Strategy of eudragit coated curcumin nanoparticles delivery system: Release and cell imaging studies in simulated gastrointestinal microenvironments. Feng, J; Jin, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Wang, S; Zhou, M, 2023)	1.44
" Therefore, PHCH has a substantial anti-inflammation activity for ALI treatment by synergistically improving CUR's water-solubility, bioavailability and biocompatibility."	( Polyphosphazene nanodrugs for targeting delivery and inflammation responsive release of curcumin to treat acute lung injury by effectively inhibiting cytokine storms. Ji, W; Jiang, W; Jing, X; Li, M; Liu, K; Ma, Y; Meng, L; Su, X; Teng, M; Wang, D; Zhang, Y, 2023)	1.13
" Methods are currently being developed to increase its bioavailability using nanoparticles."	( Neuroprotective effect of curcumin and its potential use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases Białoń, N; Bieczek, D; Górka, D; Górka, M, 2023)	1.21
" However, its shortcomings, such as poor water solubility, poor chemical stability, and fast metabolic rate, limit its bioavailability and long-term use."	( Flexible Curcumin-Loaded Zn-MOF Hydrogel for Long-Term Drug Release and Antibacterial Activities. Chen, Y; Fang, Q; Hussain, MI; Li, J; Wang, LN; Yan, Y, 2023)	1.33
" To improve drug targeting and efficacy and to serve as a reference for the development and use of CUR TDDSs in the clinical setting, this review describes the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of CUR and its mechanism of action on BC, with emphasis on recent studies on TDDSs for BC in combination with CUR, including passive TDDSs, active TDDSs and physicochemical TDDSs."	( Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Curcumin in Breast Cancer Therapy. Fan, Y; Guo, DY; Huang, M; Shi, YJ; Sun, J; Wang, JW; Zhai, BT; Zhang, XF; Zou, JB, 2023)	1.19
" However, its lack of solubility, instability, and poor bioavailability are impediments to its therapeutic use."	( Diarylidene-N-Methyl-4-Piperidones and Spirobibenzopyrans as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Choudhury, AR; Farkas, ME; Golakoti, NR; Joshi, BP; Joshi, M; Kar, S; Kumar Rokkam, S; Mas-Rosario, JA, 2023)	0.91
"In the present study, we synthesized curcumin-loaded micelle nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) to increase curcumin bioavailability and analyzed the physical and chemical properties of Cur-NPs by characterization experiments."	( pH/Temperature Responsive Curcumin-Loaded Micelle Nanoparticles Promote Functional Repair after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats via Modulation of Inflammation. Huang, S; Li, G; Li, Z; Mao, Y; Qian, T; Shang, L; Zheng, W, 2023)	1.48
" While improving the bioavailability of the drug, they were also able to achieve a smart responsive release in the inflammatory microenvironment that develops after SCI."	( pH/Temperature Responsive Curcumin-Loaded Micelle Nanoparticles Promote Functional Repair after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats via Modulation of Inflammation. Huang, S; Li, G; Li, Z; Mao, Y; Qian, T; Shang, L; Zheng, W, 2023)	1.21
" Nevertheless, the extensive first-pass effect mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) leads to low bioavailability and limits further applications."	( Tissue re-distribution of budesonide in rats co-administrated with curcumin by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Huang, M; Jiang, T; Li, Y; Yu, W; Yuan, F; Zhong, G, 2023)	1.15
" Cur-EuD/HPMC 3:1 contributed greatly to the Cur permeability, leading to obtain superior relative oral bioavailability and anti-inflammatory effect."	( Curcumin amorphous solid dispersions benefit from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E50 to perform enhanced anti-inflammatory effects. Shi, X; Tao, W; Zhang, J, 2023)	2.35
" In our previous study, we demonstrated that a highly bioavailable Cur formulation (4."	( Low Dose of Curcumin Combined with Exercise Synergistically Induces Beige Adipocyte Formation in Mice. Kato, D; Kojima, T; Tanahashi, K; Tsuda, T, 2023)	1.29
" We have previously demonstrated that a highly bioavailable formulation of cucurmin, Cureit/Acumin™ (CUR), can suppress disease onset and severity, in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model."	( A bioavailable form of curcumin suppresses cationic host defence peptides cathelicidin and calprotectin in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. El-Gabalawy, H; Hemshekhar, M; Lloyd, D; Mookherjee, N, 2023)	1.22
" This study provides innovative perspectives on the use of novel Pickering emulsions to provide ideal protection and bioavailability of lipophilic nutraceuticals."	( Pickering emulsions stabilized by ternary complexes involving curcumin-modified zein and polysaccharides with different charge amounts for encapsulating β-carotene. Hou, P; Jiang, X; Qi, J; Wu, B; Wu, X; Xin, Y; Zhang, J; Zhou, D, 2024)	1.68
" So, recent scientific advances have found many components and strategies for enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin with the inclusion of biotechnology and nanotechnology to address its existing limitations."	( Synthesis of curcuma longa doped cellulose grafted hydrogel for catalysis, bactericidial and insilico molecular docking analysis. Abd-Rabboh, HSM; Haider, A; Ikram, M; Islam, M; Rathore, HA; Saeed, H; Shahzadi, A; Shahzadi, I; Ul-Hamid, A, 2023)	1.12
" However, natural curcumin has weak solubility, limited bioavailability and undergoes rapid degradation, which severely limits its therapeutic potential."	( Current appraises of therapeutic applications of nanocurcumin: A novel drug delivery approach for biomaterials in dentistry. Abdulla, AM; Abullais, SS; Bapat, PR; Bapat, RA; Bedia, AS; Bedia, SV; Chaubal, TV; Dharmadhikari, S; Kesharwani, P; Wahab, S; Yang, HJ, 2023)	1.49
" This study provides new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in QUE-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity and encourages in vivo studies to assess QUE's bioavailability and beneficial effects on aflatoxicosis."	( Discovering the Protective Effects of Quercetin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity in Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte-Derived Cells (BFH12). Barbarossa, A; Bardhi, A; Bassan, I; Dacasto, M; Giantin, M; Montanucci, L; Pauletto, M; Tolosi, R; Zaghini, A, 2023)	0.91
" Synthesizing curcumin derivatives, which are structurally modified analogs of curcumin, has been postulated to improve bioavailability while maintaining therapeutic efficacy."	( Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin Derivatives against Obesity and Associated Metabolic Complications: A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Jack, BU; Mazibuko-Mbeje, SE; Moetlediwa, MT; Pheiffer, C; Ramashia, R; Titinchi, SJJ, 2023)	1.58
" The bioavailability and effective release of curcumin can be made possible in the form of nanocurcumin."	( Effects of curcumin nanodelivery on schizophrenia and glioblastoma. Bengoetxea, H; Bulnes, S; Lafuente, JV; Picó-Gallardo, M, 2023)	1.56
" Three kinds of fruit and vegetable juices can significantly enhance the solubility, stability and bioavailability of curcumin, but the degrees of improvement are different."	( Construction of curcumin-fortified juices using their self-derived extracellular vesicles as natural delivery systems: grape, tomato, and orange juices. Liu, H; Liu, W; McClements, DJ; Peng, S; Song, J; Zhou, L, 2023)	1.47
" It is worth noting that there is a close relationship between the progression of CMM and endothelial damage, characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, abnormal NO bioavailability and cell adhesion."	( Targeting endothelial cells with golden spice curcumin: A promising therapy for cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Ao, H; Liu, D; Peng, C; Tang, F; Xu, LY; Zhang, JN; Zhang, L; Zhao, XL, 2023)	1.17
"This research constructed composite nanoparticles (NPs) using abietic acid (AA) as a carrier for significantly enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin (CCM)."	( Nanoparticle encapsulation using self-assembly abietic acid to improve oral bioavailability of curcumin. Fu, S; Han, Y; Li, R; Lu, W; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Yang, X; Zhang, H; Zhao, H, 2024)	1.86
" Inadequate bioavailability is the main impediment to the therapeutic effects of oral Cur."	( Curcumin Transferosome-Loaded Thermosensitive Intranasal in situ Gel as Prospective Antiviral Therapy for SARS-Cov-2. Abdel-Lateef, MA; El-Badry, M; El-Koussi, WM; Eleraky, NE; Hassan, AS; Mohamed, NG; Omar, MM, 2023)	2.35
" High relative bioavailability (226."	( Curcumin Transferosome-Loaded Thermosensitive Intranasal in situ Gel as Prospective Antiviral Therapy for SARS-Cov-2. Abdel-Lateef, MA; El-Badry, M; El-Koussi, WM; Eleraky, NE; Hassan, AS; Mohamed, NG; Omar, MM, 2023)	2.35
"Nanocarrier-delivered bioactive compounds are highly desirable for their improved stability and applicability, but their bioavailability is still limited due to the strong mucus and epithelial cell barriers."	( Enhanced curcumin transportation across epithelial barrier by mucus-permeable soy protein nanoparticles-mediated dual transcytosis pathways. Li, Q; Yuan, D; Zhang, Q; Zhao, M; Zhao, Q; Zhou, F, 2024)	1.86
" In this review, we will discuss the research progress of structural analogs, derivatives, and nanomaterials that can improve the bioavailability of this natural drug."	( Curcumin nanoparticles and the therapeutic potential of curcumin for musculoskeletal disorders. Kang, B; Li, XS; Wu, HY; Xuan, YY; Yu, HT; Zhang, HQ, 2023)	2.35
"This study aims to enhance the stability and bioavailability of curcumin (Cur) using nanoemulsion coating technology."	( Improving stability and bioavailability of curcumin by quaternized chitosan coated nanoemulsion. Cao, Y; Chen, Q; Duan, C; Kong, B; Sun, P; Wang, H; Zhu, YA, 2023)	1.41
" Curcumin exhibits PDT activity, but its low bioavailability restricts its clinical application."	( Density Functional Theory-Guided Photo-Triggered Anticancer Activity of Curcumin-Based Zinc(II) Complexes. Banerjee, S; Dolui, D; Dutta, A; Koch, B; Kushwaha, R; Peters, S; Sadhukhan, T; Saha, S; Sarkar, S; Singh, V; Yadav, AK, 2023)	2.05
"Curcumin is a bioactive component with anticancer characteristics; nevertheless, it has poor solubility and fast metabolism, resulting in low bioavailability and so restricting its application."	( Physico-chemical properties of curcumin nanoparticles and its efficacy against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Abdelmoneam, EA; Mohamad, EA; Rageh, MM; Sharaky, M, 2023)	2.64

Dosage Studied

Curcumin dosed at 180 mg/day was given orally to both groups. TET1 and NKD2 expression was greatly inhibited by high dosage of curcumin. Curcumin diethyl disuccinate gave superior tissue distribution.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Radioactivity was detectable in blood, liver and kidney following dosage with 400, 80 or 10 mg of [3H]curcumin."	( Metabolism of curcumin--studies with [3H]curcumin. Chandrasekhara, N; Ravindranath, V, )	0.71
"0% for 14 days prior to dosing with DMBA exhibited a significant decrease in mammary tumor development, compared with controls."	( Effect of the beta-diketones diferuloylmethane (curcumin) and dibenzoylmethane on rat mammary DNA adducts and tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Fisher, C; Iovinelli, M; MacDonald, C; Singletary, K; Wallig, M, 1998)	0.56
" The low but not the high dosage decreased the susceptibility of LDL to lipid peroxidation."	( Oral administration of a turmeric extract inhibits LDL oxidation and has hypocholesterolemic effects in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. Aguilera, MC; Baró, L; Gil, A; Martinez-Victoria, E; Mesa, MD; Quiles, JL; Ramirez-Tortosa, CL; Ramírez-Tortosa, MC, 1999)	0.3
" To test whether effects on COX-2 activity could also be measured after oral dosing in humans, we conducted a dose-escalation pilot study of a standardized formulation of Curcuma extract in 15 patients with advanced colorectal cancer."	( Clinical development of leukocyte cyclooxygenase 2 activity as a systemic biomarker for cancer chemopreventive agents. Festing, MF; Gescher, AJ; Hill, KA; Plummer, SM; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2001)	0.31
" Colon cancer was induced by sub-cutaneous injection of DMH at a dosage of 20mg/kg body weight (15 doses, at 1-week intervals)."	( Bis-1,7-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione (a curcumin analog) ameliorates DMH-induced hepatic oxidative stress during colon carcinogenesis. Devasena, T; Menon, VP; Rajasekaran, KN, 2002)	0.56
" Among followed strategies to attenuate adriamycin toxicity are dosage optimisation, synthesis and use of analogues or combined therapy with antioxidants."	( Antioxidant nutrients and adriamycin toxicity. Battino, M; Huertas, JR; Mataix, J; Quiles, JL; Ramírez-Tortosa, MC, 2002)	0.31
" Dose-response studies demonstrated that curcumin concentrations of >or=25 micro M were cytotoxic for oral SCC cells."	( Curcumin activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor yet significantly inhibits (-)-benzo(a)pyrene-7R-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol bioactivation in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and oral mucosa. Fields, HW; Mallery, SR; Morse, MA; Pei, P; Renner, RJ; Rinaldi, AL; Rodrigo, KA; Rothas, DA, 2002)	2.02
" The aim of the current study was to define the dosage of curcumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the gall bladder, and to determine if there is a linear relationship between doubling the curcumin dosage and the doubling of gall bladder contraction."	( Effect of different curcumin dosages on human gall bladder. Jaalam, K; Lelo, A; Rahman, AR; Rasyid, A, 2002)	0.88
" From dose-response curve, OS was found to be the most effective AR inhibitor followed by CL, AI and WS."	( Lens aldose reductase inhibiting potential of some indigenous plants. Gupta, SK; Halder, N; Joshi, S, 2003)	0.32
" From dose-response curves with Sf9 membrane vesicles, glutathionylcurcumin conjugates appeared to be less potent inhibitors of MRP1 and MRP2 than their parent compound curcumin."	( Interplay between MRP inhibition and metabolism of MRP inhibitors: the case of curcumin. Boersma, MG; Cnubben, NH; Rietjens, IM; Spenkelink, B; Usta, M; van Bladeren, PJ; van der Velde, AE; van Zanden, JJ; Wortelboer, HM, 2003)	0.78
"Although the promising immunosuppressant, mycophenolic acid (MPA), has many desirable properties and is widely prescribed for organ transplant recipients, its high oral dosage requirement is not understood."	( Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases show atypical metabolism of mycophenolic acid and inhibition by curcumin. Basu, NK; Kole, L; Kubota, S; Owens, IS, 2004)	0.54
" Individualized embolization dosage and super-selective catheterization technique are recommended to avoid undesired embolism and reduce complications."	( Safety of Curcuma aromatica oil gelatin microspheres administered via hepatic artery. Chang, G; Deng, SG; Li, WY; Meng, FZ; Mo, LL; Wu, ZF; Yang, ZG, 2004)	0.32
" More in-depth studies on bioavailability should facilitate correlation of mechanisms determined in vitro with in vivo situations, increase our understanding of dose-response relationships, and facilitate extrapolation of results from animal studies to human situations."	( Inhibition of carcinogenesis by polyphenols: evidence from laboratory investigations. Hong, J; Lambert, JD; Liao, J; Yang, CS; Yang, GY, 2005)	0.33
"After a single administration of beta-elemene to rats at the dosage of 75 mg x kg(-1) (i."	( [Excretion of beta-elemene from rat respiratory tracts]. Chen, YR; Li, SY; Li, Z; Su, CY; Wang, K; Wu, XY, 2005)	0.33
" Although curcumin's low systemic bioavailability following oral dosing may limit access of sufficient concentrations for pharmacological effect in certain tissues, the attainment of biologically active levels in the gastrointestinal tract has been demonstrated in animals and humans."	( Curcumin: the story so far. Gescher, AJ; Sharma, RA; Steward, WP, 2005)	2.17
" Consequently, the picture is becoming ever more complicated, not least because results often appear to be cell-type specific, dose-response relationships are critical, and any one agent appears to have multiple mechanisms of action."	( Inhibition of survival signalling by dietary polyphenols and indole-3-carbinol. Manson, MM, 2005)	0.33
"Curcumin potentiates the growth inhibitory effect of celecoxib by shifting the dose-response curve to the left."	( Celecoxib and curcumin synergistically inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer cells. Arber, N; Dvory-Sobol, H; Kazanov, D; Lev-Ari, S; Lichtenberg, D; Madar-Shapiro, L; Marian, B; Pinchuk, I; Strier, L, 2005)	2.13
"Female rats were dosed by gavage using 65 times the human dose of goldenseal daily on either gestation days (GD) 1-8 or GD 8-15."	( A reproductive screening test of goldenseal. Brown-Woodman, PD; Ritchie, HE; Yao, M, 2005)	0.33
" Overall, our results signify that curcumin dosage treatment determines the possible effect on ROS generation, intracellular ATP levels, and cell apoptosis or necrosis in osteoblast cells."	( Dosage effects of curcumin on cell death types in a human osteoblast cell line. Chan, WH; Chang, WH; Wu, HY, 2006)	0.94
" Treatment of mid-passage human epidermal keratinocytes with curcumin resulted in a biphasic hormetic dose-response with respect to proteasome activity."	( Curcumin's biphasic hormetic response on proteasome activity and heat-shock protein synthesis in human keratinocytes. Ali, RE; Rattan, SI, 2006)	2.02
" Application of zedoary oil at a dosage yielding ten times that of LC(99) offered complete larval mortality (100% mortality) for a period of 3 days, and the larval mortality subsequently decreased to lower than 50% after application for more than 5 days."	( Larvicidal efficacy and biological stability of a botanical natural product, zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules, against Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae). Chaithong, U; Champakaew, D; Choochote, W; Jitpakdi, A; Pitasawat, B; Pongpaibul, Y; Tuetun, B, 2007)	0.34
" This may be clinically important as this dose of celecoxib can be achieved in human serum following standard anti-inflammatory dosing of 100 mg."	( Celecoxib and curcumin additively inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer in a rat model. Arber, N; Giladi, N; Kazanov, D; Lev-Ari, S; Liberman, E; Sagiv, E; Shpitz, B, 2006)	0.69
" In a whole animal experiment, rats were trained in a water maze and thereafter dosed with lead and/or curcumin (CURC), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), or bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) for 5 days."	( Curcuminoids, curcumin, and demethoxycurcumin reduce lead-induced memory deficits in male Wistar rats. Antunes, E; Dairam, A; Daya, S; Limson, JL; Watkins, GM, 2007)	2
" The dose-response to curcumin and two derivatives by bladder cancer cells grown on both normal (SISgel) and cancer-derived ECM (Matrigel) and on plastic were contrasted."	( Sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to curcumin and its derivatives depends on the extracellular matrix. Han, Z; Hauser, PJ; Hurst, RE; Sindhwani, P, )	0.72
" Curcumin's dose-response curves are strongly dose dependent and often biphasic so that in vitro data need to be cautiously interpreted; many effects might not be achievable in target tissues in vivo with oral dosing."	( Neuroprotective effects of curcumin. Cole, GM; Frautschy, SA; Teter, B, 2007)	1.55
"According to the Zedoray Turmeric Oil and Glucose Injection, the new dosage of Zedoray Turmeric Oil spray was studied."	( [Study on the preparation of zedoary turmeric oil spray and its anti-virus effects]. Huang, YD; Li, XK; Xiang, Q; Yao, CS; Zhang, FX; Zhang, H, 2007)	0.34
" Although curcumin's low systemic bioavailability after oral dosing may limit access of sufficient concentrations for pharmacologic effects in tissues outside the gastrointestinal tract, chemical analogues and novel delivery methods are in preclinical development to overcome this barrier."	( Curcumin: preventive and therapeutic properties in laboratory studies and clinical trials. Sharma, RA; Strimpakos, AS, 2008)	2.19
" Because of its favorable safety profile and the involvement of misfolded proteins, oxidative damage, and inflammation in multiple chronic degenerative diseases, these data relating curcumin dosing to the blood and tissue levels required for efficacy should help translation efforts from multiple successful preclinical models."	( Curcumin structure-function, bioavailability, and efficacy in models of neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Begum, AN; Cole, GM; Faull, KF; Frautschy, SA; Heath, DD; Hu, S; Hudspeth, B; Jones, MR; Kim, P; Lim, GP; Morihara, T; Pruitt, MA; Rock, CL; Teter, B; Yang, F, 2008)	1.98
" The encapsulation of a highly hydrophobic compound like curcumin in the nanocarrier makes the drug readily soluble in an aqueous system, which can increase the ease of dosing and makes intravenous dosing possible."	( Synthesis of novel biodegradable and self-assembling methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-palmitate nanocarrier for curcumin delivery to cancer cells. Bora, U; Goswami, P; Kasoju, N; Sahu, A, 2008)	0.8
"Curcumin is absorbed after oral dosing in humans and can be detected as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates in plasma."	( Pharmacokinetics of curcumin conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects. Brenner, DE; Crowell, JA; Djuric, Z; Kakarala, M; Normolle, DP; Ruffin, MT; Vareed, SK, 2008)	2.11
"High dosage combination of oriental wormwood and Japanese St."	( [Analysis depending uniform design on the major herbs in qushi huayu compound for anti-hepatic lipotoxicity]. Chen, SD; Feng, Q; Hu, YY, 2008)	0.35
" This study was designed to determine the minimum effective dose (MED) as well as the optimal dosing schedule of liposomal curcumin in a xenograft mouse model of human pancreatic cancer."	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	0.79
" Dosing was initiated at an average tumor size of 5mm."	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	0.58
" MED was determined to be 20 mg/kg and was used for the optimal dosing schedule determination."	( Determination of minimum effective dose and optimal dosing schedule for liposomal curcumin in a xenograft human pancreatic cancer model. Kurzrock, R; Mach, CM; Mathew, L; Mosley, SA; Smith, JA, 2009)	0.58
"To observe the effect of different dosage of curcumin on expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the tissue of cystiform in air-pouch mouse models after the injection of polyethylene wear particles, and to investigate its mechanism of intervening inflammatory response induced by wear particles."	( [Inhibitory effect of curcumin on MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression induced by polyethylene wear particles and its mechanism]. Dai, M; Fan, H; Qi, Q; Yuan, X; Zhang, B, 2009)	0.93
" BHMC showed a significant dose-response inhibitory action upon the synthesis of NO and we have shown that this effect was due to suppression of both iNOS gene and enzyme expression without any effects upon scavenging of nitrite."	( A synthetic curcuminoid derivative inhibits nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. Cheah, YK; Israf, DA; Kim, MK; Lajis, NH; Lam, KW; Liew, CY; Mohamad, AS; Sulaiman, MR; Tham, CL; Zakaria, ZA, 2010)	0.74
" The purpose of this study was to quantify plasma levels of free curcumin after dosing of a solid lipid curcumin particle (SLCP) formulation versus unformulated curcumin in healthy volunteers and to determine its tolerability and dose-plasma concentration relationship in late-stage osteosarcoma patients."	( Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers. Agarwal, MG; Gandhi, TR; Gota, VS; Kochar, N; Maru, GB; Soni, TG, 2010)	0.86
"The results suggest that the presented NLC system might be a promising intravenous dosage form of water-insoluble oily drugs."	( Preparation and characterization of nanostructured lipid carriers loaded traditional Chinese medicine, zedoary turmeric oil. Chen, DW; Hu, HY; Li, KX; Yang, CR; Yang, KL; Zhao, XL, 2010)	0.36
" Together the present study clearly reflects that combined dosage of tetrahydrocurcumin and chlorogenic acid augments enzymic antioxidants with a concomitant decrease in lipid peroxidation and protects against streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetes in experimental rats."	( Comparative and combined effect of chlorogenic acid and tetrahydrocurcumin on antioxidant disparities in chemical induced experimental diabetes. Karthikesan, K; Menon, VP; Pari, L, 2010)	0.83
" Consequently, we suggest that CURN can be used to reduce the dosage of CUR and improve its bioavailability and merits further investigation for therapeutic applications."	( Curcumin nanoparticles improve the physicochemical properties of curcumin and effectively enhance its antioxidant and antihepatoma activities. Lin, CC; Lin, LT; Tzeng, CW; Wu, TH; Yen, FL, 2010)	1.8
" Plasma concentration-time profiles from pharmacokinetic studies in rats dosed with liquid and pelleted SMEDDS showed 14- and 10-fold increased absorption of curcumin, respectively, compared to the aqueous suspensions of curcumin."	( Development and evaluation of self-microemulsifying liquid and pellet formulations of curcumin, and absorption studies in rats. Mahattanadul, S; Phadoongsombut, N; Pichayakorn, W; Setthacheewakul, S; Wiwattanapatapee, R, 2010)	0.78
" The in vivo pharmacodynamic activity revealed 2-fold increase in antimalarial activity of curcuminoids entrapped in lipid nanoparticles when compared to free curcuminoids at the tested dosage level."	( Curcuminoids-loaded lipid nanoparticles: novel approach towards malaria treatment. Madhusudhan, B; Nayak, AP; Patankar, S; Souto, EB; Tiyaboonchai, W, 2010)	2.02
" Three-month female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with a chemically complex turmeric fraction (41% curcuminoids by weight) or a curcuminoid-enriched turmeric fraction (94% curcuminoids by weight), both dosed at 60 mg/kg 3x per week, or vehicle alone."	( Protection of trabecular bone in ovariectomized rats by turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is dependent on extract composition. Frye, JB; Funk, JL; Timmermann, BN; Wright, LE, 2010)	0.57
" Results indicated that curcuminoids have produced an inhibition of cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner as dosage increased from 12."	( Curcuminoids suppress the growth and induce apoptosis through caspase-3-dependent pathways in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) 8401 cells. Hsu, CW; Hsu, YC; Huang, TY; Tsai, TH, 2010)	2.11
") cassette dosing of 10mg/kg each."	( A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantification of curcuminoids in cell medium and mouse plasma. Chan, KK; Chiu, M; Fuchs, JR; Ling, Y; Liu, Z; Schwartz, EB; Vijaya Saradhi, UV; Wang, J, 2010)	0.59
" In this study, a novel dosage form for curcumin (CUR), CUR nanosuspension (CUR-NS), was successfully prepared by high pressure homogenization to improve CUR's cytotoxicity, as well as improve its application via intravenous injection."	( Preparation and characterization of intravenously injectable curcumin nanosuspension. Cui, J; Gao, Y; Guo, C; Li, Z; Lou, H; Sun, M; Xi, Y; Yu, A; Zhai, G, 2011)	0.88
"Apart from species, strain, early differences in glycemic control, and/or dosing effects, the failure to modulate albuminuria may have been due to a decrement in renal HSP25 or stimulation of the 12/15 lipoxygenase pathway in DBA2J mice fed curcumin."	( Curcumin activates the p38MPAK-HSP25 pathway in vitro but fails to attenuate diabetic nephropathy in DBA2J mice despite urinary clearance documented by HPLC. Adler, SG; Dai, T; LaPage, J; Ma, J; Natarajan, R; Phillips, L; Wang, Y, 2010)	1.99
" Curcumin slowed cyst enlargement in both MDCK cyst model and embryonic kidney cyst model with dose-response relationship."	( Curcumin inhibits renal cyst formation and enlargement in vitro by regulating intracellular signaling pathways. Gao, J; Lei, T; Li, W; Li, X; Yang, B; Zhou, H; Zhou, L, 2011)	2.72
" A group of male and female rats was treated with one of these compounds for 15 days, after which a single dosage of scopolamine was administered."	( Comparative protective action of curcumin, memantine and diclofenac against scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction. Ali, EH; Arafa, NM, 2011)	0.65
" dosed CurDD provided sustained plasma levels of curcumin."	( A simple RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of curcumin and its prodrug, curcumin didecanoate, in rat plasma and the application to pharmacokinetic study. Han, YR; Liao, YH; Wang, XS; Wang, YR; Zhu, JJ, 2011)	0.86
" Group IV Wistar rat pups with selenium-induced cataract were post-treated with curcumin at the group III dosage 24 h after selenium administration."	( Effect of curcumin on the modulation of αA- and αB-crystallin and heat shock protein 70 in selenium-induced cataractogenesis in Wistar rat pups. Arumugam, M; Beulaja, M; Manikandan, R; Thiagarajan, R, 2011)	1
" Immunofluorescent staining results not only confirmed the above changes, but also showed that β-catenin had translocated into the nucleus gradually with the increased dosage of Curcumin."	( Curcumin activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β in APPswe transfected SY5Y cells. Li, Y; Shi, XD; Yin, WK; Zhang, X, 2011)	2
" Furthermore, Matrigel invasion assay indicated that curcumin can reduce SCC-4 cell invasion under the dosage of 20, 30, 60 micromol x L(-1)."	( [Anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of curcumin on oral cancer cells]. Chen, JW; Chen, Y; Geng, N; Liu, H; Lü, D; Tang, YL; Zhu, ZY, 2011)	0.87
" The results showed that curcumin at low dosage protected primary cultured neurons from the 20 μM Cu(II)-induced damage."	( Dual effects of curcumin on neuronal oxidative stress in the presence of Cu(II). Huang, HC; Jiang, RR; Jiang, ZF; Lin, CJ; Liu, WJ, 2011)	1.02
" Because of the chronic nature of many of these diseases, sustained-release dosage forms of curcumin could be of significant clinical value."	( Highly loaded, sustained-release microparticles of curcumin for chemoprevention. Panyam, J; Shahani, K, 2011)	0.84
" In this report, it was observed that combined treatment of a low dosage of curcumin (5-10 µM) with a low concentration (0."	( Combined treatment of curcumin and small molecule inhibitors suppresses proliferation of A549 and H1299 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Chuu, CP; Kuo, LK; Lin, HP, 2012)	0.92
" This review mainly focuses on the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin and recent developments in dosage form and nanoparticulate delivery systems with the possibilities of therapeutic application of curcumin for the prevention and/or treatment of cancer."	( Curcumin: an anti-inflammatory molecule from a curry spice on the path to cancer treatment. Basnet, P; Skalko-Basnet, N, 2011)	2.05
" Curcumin in conjunction with mainstream therapy, consisting of sulfasalazine (SZ) or mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA] derivatives) or corticosteroids was shown to improve patient symptoms and allow for a decrease in the dosage of corticosteroids or 5-ASA derivatives."	( Curcumin for inflammatory bowel disease: a review of human studies. Leonard, MC; Taylor, RA, 2011)	2.72
" Dose-response studies demonstrate that 25D3 and 1,25D3 are approximately equipotent in stimulating ORCC rapid responses, whereas 1 nm 1,25D3 was 1000-fold more potent than 25D3 and CM in stimulating gene expression."	( Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulation of voltage-gated chloride channels by ligands preferring a VDR-alternative pocket (VDR-AP). Barrientos-Duran, A; Chen, N; Henry, HL; Menegaz, D; Mizwicki, MT; Norman, AW, 2011)	0.37
" The dosage of a daily curcumin supplement at 500 mg is more effective than 6 g, although vitamin E is also considered to be an effective antioxidant supplement."	( Effect of different curcuminoid supplement dosages on total in vivo antioxidant capacity and cholesterol levels of healthy human subjects. Pungcharoenkul, K; Thongnopnua, P, 2011)	1
" In conclusion, this solid SEDDS is a promising solid dosage form for poorly water-soluble curcumin."	( Enhanced oral bioavailability of curcumin via a solid lipid-based self-emulsifying drug delivery system using a spray-drying technique. Choi, HG; Kim, JA; Kwak, MK; Yan, YD; Yong, CS; Yoo, BK, 2011)	0.87
" For curcumin-SLNs group, the dosing of 250 mg/kg of curcumin resulted in AUC((0-48 h)) of 2285 ngh/mL and C(max) of 209 ng/mL."	( Metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in mice tumor after intragastric administration of nanoparticle formulations by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Guo, D; He, R; Li, Q; Li, R; Lin, X; Qiao, X; Xiang, C; Ye, M, 2011)	1.15
" Sigmoidal dose-response curves were plotted and IC(50) values were estimated."	( In vitro and in situ evaluation of herb-drug interactions during intestinal metabolism and absorption of baicalein. Fong, YK; Li, CR; Lin, G; Wang, S; Wo, SK; Zhang, L; Zhou, L; Zuo, Z, 2012)	0.38
" Advances in radiation therapy have led to the decrease in dosage and localizing the effects to the tumor; however, the development of radioresistance in cancer cells and radiation toxicity to normal tissues are still the major concerns."	( Effects of phytochemicals on ionization radiation-mediated carcinogenesis and cancer therapy. Nambiar, D; Rajamani, P; Singh, RP, )	0.13
" comosa extract which are required for clinical dose and dosage design."	( Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of diarylheptanoid phytoestrogens from Curcuma comosa in rats. Hu, Y; Piyachuturawat, P; Sripanidkulchai, B; Sripanidkulchai, K; Su, J; Suksamrarn, A, 2012)	0.38
" To further evaluate this, Meriva, a lecithinized formulation of curcumin, was administered at the dosage of two tablets/day (1 g Meriva/day) to 25 diabetic patients for four weeks."	( Potential role of curcumin phytosome (Meriva) in controlling the evolution of diabetic microangiopathy. A pilot study. Appendino, G; Bavera, P; Belcaro, G; Cesarone, MR; Cornelli, U; Corsi, M; Dugall, M; Errichi, BM; Errichi, S; Feragalli, B; Gizzi, G; Hosoi, M; Ippolito, E; Ledda, A; Luzzi, R; Pellegrini, L; Ricci, A; Stuard, S; Togni, S, 2011)	0.94
" Mice were treated with artemisinin at the dosage of 50 mg/kg/days alone or plus curcumin as partner drug, administered at the dosage of 100 mg/kg/days."	( Artemisinin and artemisinin plus curcumin liposomal formulations: enhanced antimalarial efficacy against Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Bergonzi, MC; Bilia, AR; Grazioso, M; Isacchi, B; Pietretti, A; Righeschi, C; Severini, C, 2012)	0.89
" We reported that native curcumin, at a dosage of 50 mg/kg, prevented deterioration of the systolic function in rat models of heart failure."	( A novel drug delivery system of oral curcumin markedly improves efficacy of treatment for heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats. Fujita, M; Fukuda, H; Hasegawa, K; Hashimoto, T; Imaizumi, A; Kakeya, H; Katanasaka, Y; Kimura, T; Morimoto, T; Sasaki, H; Shimatsu, A; Sunagawa, Y; Suzuki, H; Wada, H, 2012)	0.96
" All curcumin dosage schedules were administered after induction of diabetes."	( Effects of a water-soluble curcumin protein conjugate vs. pure curcumin in a diabetic model of erectile dysfunction. Abdel Aziz, MT; Ahmed, HH; Al-Malki, A; El-Shafiey, R; Fouad, HH; Mostafa, T; Motawi, T; Rashed, L; Rezq, A; Sabry, D; Senbel, A, 2012)	1.19
" In addition, we suggest that Ccm-NPs and ADP-NPs can be used to reduce the dosage of Ccm and ADP and improve their bioavailability, and thus merit further investigation for antioxidant packaging film and coating applications."	( Antioxidant activities of curcumin and ascorbyl dipalmitate nanoparticles and their activities after incorporation into cellulose-based packaging films. Sane, A; Sonkaew, P; Suppakul, P, 2012)	0.68
" The results show that curcumin represses cell proliferation, induces G1 arrest at a lower dosage (30μM), triggers apoptosis at a higher dosage (50μM) and blocks cell migration in MDA-MB-231/Her2 cells."	( Cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231/Her2 cells induced by curcumin. Huang, C; Huang, HC; Lin, JK; Sun, SH, 2012)	0.93
" A total of 1015 embryos were randomly assigned to the different dosage groups."	( Effect of curcumin on in vitro early post-implantation stages of mouse embryo development. Chan, WH; Hsuuw, YD; Huang, FJ; Huang, KE; Kang, HY; Lan, KC; Liu, YC, 2013)	0.79
" Both effects were observed to increase in proportion to the cellular uptake of curcuminoids; cellular uptake increased following an increase in the dosage of curcuminoids."	( The cellular uptake and cytotoxic effect of curcuminoids on breast cancer cells. Chang, CC; Chen, TY; Fu, CF; Hsu, YC; Yang, WT, 2012)	0.87
" Given the high use of complementary alternative medicines in pediatric IBD, a prospective tolerability study of curcumin, an herbal therapy with known anti-inflammatory effects, was conducted to assess possible dosage in children with IBD."	( Tolerability of curcumin in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a forced-dose titration study. Burpee, T; Christie, D; Cohen, M; Suskind, DL; Wahbeh, G; Weber, W, 2013)	0.95
" As a diet-derived agent, curcumin has no severe toxicity except for minor gastrointestinal side effects even up to the dosage of 8 grams for 3 months."	( The clinical applications of curcumin: current state and the future. Fan, X; Liang, HP; Liu, DB; Yan, J; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.98
"The present study thus demonstrates that the anti-tumor effect of the chemopreventive potential of ACRH is at a lower dosage (30 mg/kg bwt) in both the initiating and promotion period, yet it exhibits a promoting effect at a higher dosage (300 mg/kg bwt)."	( Anti-tumor effect of Ardisia crispa hexane fraction on 7, 12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene-induced mouse skin papillomagenesis. Hamid, RA; Othman, F; Sulaiman, H; Ting, YL, )	0.13
" Meriva® was administered at the dosage of 2 tablets/day (each tablet containing 500 mg Meriva® corresponding to 100 mg curcumin) for a period of at least 4 weeks in addition to the standard management plan, while a comparable group of subjects (n = 39) followed the standard management plan alone."	( Meriva®, a lecithinized curcumin delivery system, in diabetic microangiopathy and retinopathy. Appendino, G; Belcaro, G; Cesarone, MR; Ciammaichella, G; Cornelli, U; Corsi, M; Dugall, M; Errichi, BM; Hosoi, M; Ippolito, E; Ledda, A; Luzzi, R; Nebbioso, M; Steigerwalt, R; Togni, S, 2012)	0.89
" Meriva® was administered at the dosage of 2 tablets/day (2 x 500 mg of Meriva®/day, corresponding to 2 x 100 mg curcumin/day) with a compliance values > 95% as evaluated by the number of tablets used according to medical recommendation."	( Meriva®, a lecithinized curcumin delivery system, in the control of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pilot, product evaluation registry study. Appendino, G; Belcaro, G; Ciammaichella, G; Dugall, M; Ledda, A; Luzzi, R; Scoccianti, M; Togni, S, 2012)	0.9
" The self-microemulsifying floating tablet could provide a dosage form with the potential to improve the oral bioavailability of THC and other hydrophobic compounds."	( Development, characterization and permeability assessment based on caco-2 monolayers of self-microemulsifying floating tablets of tetrahydrocurcumin. Ketjinda, W; Sermkaew, N; Wiwattanapatapee, R; Wiwattanawongsa, K, 2013)	0.59
" Mice treated with DMH were dosed orally with curcumin and/or carnitine and acylcarnitines for 20 weeks."	( Carnitines slow down tumor development of colon cancer in the DMH-chemical carcinogenesis mouse model. Aurisicchio, L; Ciliberto, G; Di Napoli, A; Mancini, R; Marra, E; Mori, F; Roscilli, G; Serlupi-Crescenzi, O; Virmani, A, 2013)	0.65
" The preliminary evaluation results of acute toxicity showed the representative 3d and 3j were non-toxic in mice dosed at 1,200 mg/kg."	( Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsymmetrical curcumin analogues as tyrosinase inhibitors. Chen, Q; Conney, AH; Du, Z; Jiang, Y; Lu, Y; Xue, G; Zhang, K; Zheng, X, 2013)	0.64
" This article reviews the pharmacology of curcuminoids, their use and efficacy, potential adverse effects, and dosage and standardization."	( Clinical utility of curcumin extract. Asher, GN; Spelman, K, )	0.72
" Our finding indicates that the dosage of alcohol might increase the lipid peroxide level of liver but not of brain, and daily curcumin consumption might be protective for liver against alcohol-related oxidative stress in mice."	( Effect of curcumin on the increase in hepatic or brain phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide levels in mice after consumption of excessive alcohol. Han, KH; Hong, GE; Lee, CH; Pyun, CW, 2013)	1
" Despite their sustainability enhancement capability, solid dosage form manufacturing of nanodrugs remains lacking from the sustainability perspective."	( A highly sustainable and versatile granulation method of nanodrugs via their electrostatic adsorption onto chitosan microparticles as the granulation substrates. Hadinoto, K; Yang, Y, 2013)	0.39
" This study examines the dose-response of DNA-damage pathway to these compounds in HT1080 cells (a human cell line with wild-type p53) at doses relevant to human exposure."	( Assessing dose-dependent differences in DNA-damage, p53 response and genotoxicity for quercetin and curcumin. Andersen, ME; Carmichael, PL; Clewell, RA; Dent, M; Ross, SM; Sun, B; Trask, OJ; White, A, 2013)	0.61
" Notably, reduced dosage of the Hsp70 strongly potentiates the severity of the Tr-J neuropathy, though the absence of Hsp70 had little effect in wild-type mice."	( Curcumin facilitates a transitory cellular stress response in Trembler-J mice. Beck, CR; Khajavi, M; Lupski, JR; Okamoto, Y; Pehlivan, D; Snipes, GJ; Wiszniewski, W, 2013)	1.83
"The incidence of aberrant cells and aberration types (mostly chromatids, breaks and fragments) was reduced with curcumin dosage as compared to irradiated group."	( Curcumin protection activities against γ-rays-induced molecular and biochemical lesions. Abouelella, AM; Shahein, YE; Tawfik, SS, 2013)	2.04
" Dose-response experiments demonstrated that curcumin (0-100 μM) inhibited basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport, but even at the highest concentration tested did not affect lipolysis."	( Curcumin is a direct inhibitor of glucose transport in adipocytes. Green, A; Krause, J; Rumberger, JM, 2014)	2.1
" These findings suggest that the addition of curcumin as an adjuvant therapy during 5-FU treatment might enhance the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of 5-FU by protecting normal cells from reduced viability and thus permitting higher dosing or longer treatment times."	( Curcumin reduces cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil treatment in human breast cancer cells. Ferguson, JE; Orlando, RA, 2015)	2.12
" There was a trend for lower mortality (P = 0·08) in the later stage of the growing period (23-43 days) in broilers given the highest dosage of herbal mixture compared with broilers given chemical coccidiostats."	( The effects of combining Artemisia annua and Curcuma longa ethanolic extracts in broilers challenged with infective oocysts of Eimeria acervulina and E. maxima. Almeida, GF; Demattê Filho, LC; Ferreira, JF; Hermansen, JE; Horsted, K; Madeira, AM; Magalhães, PM; Thamsborg, SM, 2014)	0.4
"In male adult Wistar rats, a curcumin dose of 200 mg/kg, selected from a dose-response curve, was injected 1 hour before cisplatin administration and once daily for the following 3 days."	( Curcuma longa (curcumin) decreases in vivo cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through heme oxygenase-1 induction. Eramo, SL; Fetoni, AR; Paciello, F; Paludetti, G; Podda, MV; Rolesi, R; Troiani, D, 2014)	1.05
"The enhanced anticancer effects of combinatorial nanomedicine are advantageous in terms of reduction in the dosage of 5-FU, thereby improving the chemotherapeutic efficacy and patient compliance of colorectal cancer cases."	( Combinatorial anticancer effects of curcumin and 5-fluorouracil loaded thiolated chitosan nanoparticles towards colon cancer treatment. Anitha, A; Chennazhi, KP; Deepa, N; Jayakumar, R; Lakshmanan, VK, 2014)	0.68
" The production and distribution of botanical extracts is largely unregulated and therefore extensive research into their mechanism of action, safety, physiologic stability, and optimal dosing has been overlooked."	( The basic science of natural ingredients. Friedman, A; Gunn, H; Krausz, A, 2014)	0.4
" Furthermore, the application of this method along with serial blood sampling in mice has led to significant reduction in animal use and dosage and drastic improvement in speed, throughput, and quality of pharmacokinetic parameters."	( A validated LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of curcumin in mouse plasma and brain tissue and its application in pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies. Ko, YT; Ramalingam, P, 2014)	0.65
"Mucoadhesive films containing curcumin-loaded nanoparticles were developed, aiming to prolong the residence time of the dosage form in the oral cavity and to increase drug absorption through the buccal mucosa."	( Mucoadhesive films containing chitosan-coated nanoparticles: a new strategy for buccal curcumin release. Borsali, R; Lemos-Senna, E; Mazzarino, L, 2014)	0.91
" Treatment with pure curcumin significantly promoted nonischemic wound healing in a dose-response fashion compared with controls as judged by increased reepithelialization and granulation tissue formation."	( Intravenous curcumin efficacy on healing and scar formation in rabbit ear wounds under nonischemic, ischemic, and ischemia-reperfusion conditions. Clark, RA; Galiano, R; Hong, SJ; Jia, S; Mustoe, TA; Singer, A; Xie, P, )	0.83
"Short-term intravenous dosing of liposomal curcumin appears to be safe up to a dose of 120 mg/m2."	( Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of liposomal curcumin in healthy humans. Aschauer, S; Bolger, G; Gouya, G; Helson, L; Klickovic, U; Storka, A; Vcelar, B; Weisshaar, S; Wolzt, M, 2015)	0.93
" In vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity tests showed that higher dosage of curcumin might overcome the effect of slow release on cytotoxicities because of its higher uptake induced by biotin, resulting in higher anticancer activities against MDA-MB-436 cells."	( Y-shaped biotin-conjugated poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (epsilon-caprolactone) copolymer for the targeted delivery of curcumin. Feng, R; Liu, N; Meng, N; Song, Z; Teng, F; Wei, P; Yang, F; Zhu, W, 2015)	0.85
"APPswe/PS1dE9dtg mice were randomly divided into the model group, the Rosiglitazone group (10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and curcumin high (400 mg x kg9-1) x d(-1)), medium (200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and low (100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) dosage groups, with C57/BL6J mice of the same age and the same background in the normal control group."	( [Neuroprotective effect of curcumin to Aβ of double transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease]. Chen, XP; Dang, HZ; Fan, H; Feng, HL; Ren, Y; Wang, PW; Yang, JD, 2014)	0.91
" Various dosage of Curcumin attenuated these effects by significantly lowering lipid peroxidation, GSSG level, Bax concentration, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, while increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, GSH level and Bcl-2 concentration."	( Protective effects of various dosage of Curcumin against morphine induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in rat isolated hippocampus. Fatima, S; Karimian, M; Motaghinejad, M; Motaghinejad, O; Shabab, B; Yazdani, I, 2015)	1.01
" Under the dosing procedure, PNPC was safe at 31."	( Encapsulation of curcumin in diblock copolymer micelles for cancer therapy. Alizadeh, AM; Ardestani, SK; Erfani-Moghadam, V; Khaniki, M; Khodayari, H; Khodayari, S; Mohagheghi, MA; Najafi, F; Rezaei, A; Sadeghizadeh, M; Zamani, M, 2015)	0.76
" After the dosing procedure, twenty-seven female mice were divided into 40 and 80mg/kg groups of DNC, along with a control group to investigate the anti-metastatic effects of DNC on mammary tumor-bearing mice."	( Protective effects of dendrosomal curcumin on an animal metastatic breast tumor. Alizadeh, AM; Dehghan, MJ; Farhangi, B; Heidarzadeh, A; Khaniki, M; Khodayari, H; Khodayari, S; Khori, V; Najafi, F; Sadeghiezadeh, M, 2015)	0.7
" This limitation can probably be addressed by a dosage increase over the first 4 weeks and by extending treatment by 1 or 2 months."	( Co-analgesic therapy for arthroscopic supraspinatus tendon repair pain using a dietary supplement containing Boswellia serrata and Curcuma longa: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled study. Dellabiancia, F; Ingardia, A; Merolla, G; Paladini, P; Porcellini, G, 2015)	0.42
" It was found that the three curcumins could inhibit the proliferation of HUVEC cells induced by OX-LDL within the dosage range 4, 8, 16 mg x L(-1), with a dose-dependence."	( [Study on anti-angiogenesis effect of three curcumin pigments and expression of their relevant factors]. Ding, ZS; Huang, YF; Lv, GY; Zhu, XX, 2015)	0.97
"This study aimed to prepare and evaluate mucoadhesive sponges as dosage forms for delivering solid lipid nanoparticles."	( Lyophilized sponges loaded with curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles for buccal delivery: Development and characterization. Abdallah, OY; El-Massik, MA; Farid, RM; Hazzah, HA; Nasra, MM, 2015)	0.7
" In dose-response bioassay, ar-turmerone showed significantly higher biting deterrence than DEET at all the dosages."	( Larvicidal and Biting Deterrent Activity of Essential Oils of Curcuma longa, Ar-turmerone, and Curcuminoids Against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Culicidae: Diptera). Ali, A; Khan, IA; Wang, YH, 2015)	0.64
" Water-soluble and water-dispersible surfactants are able to dissolve the target dose of each drug in the dosage form and efficiently keep it in solution during dispersion."	( Development of self emulsifying lipid formulations of BCS class II drugs with low to medium lipophilicity. Belotti, S; Chavant, Y; Chevrier, S; Demarne, F; Dumont, C; Jannin, V; Michenaud, M, 2015)	0.42
"250 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:sham group (Sham group), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), curcumin groups with dosage of 30 mg/kg (Cur30 group), 100 mg/kg (Cur100 group) and 300 mg/kg (Cur300 group)."	( [Effect of Curcumin on Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats]. Cheng, BH; Dai, LY; Li, J, 2015)	1.01
" Blood, tissues, urine, and faeces were collected from time zero to 48 h after dosing to determine the prodrug level, curcumin level and a major metabolite by liquid chromatography-tandem spectrometry."	( Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, a Prodrug of Curcumin, in Wistar Rats. Bangphumi, K; Khemawoot, P; Kittiviriyakul, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P, 2016)	0.97
" Interestingly, curcumin diethyl disuccinate gave superior tissue distribution with higher tissue to plasma ratio of curcumin and curcumin glucuronide in several organs after intravenous dosing at 1 and 4 h."	( Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, a Prodrug of Curcumin, in Wistar Rats. Bangphumi, K; Khemawoot, P; Kittiviriyakul, C; Rojsitthisak, P; Towiwat, P, 2016)	1.1
"This study evidenced that TQF, particularly at its lower dosage (10 mg/kg), ameliorated DMBA/TPA-induced mouse skin tumorigenesis."	( Low dose triterpene-quinone fraction from Ardisia crispa root precludes chemical-induced mouse skin tumor promotion. Abdul Hamid, R; Khaza'ai, H; Mohtarrudin, N; Saiful Yazan, L; Yeong, LT, 2015)	0.42
"5 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gestational day (GD) 5 to create a PE model (LPS-treated group), 2) seven rats were injected with a similar dosage of LPS and further treated with curcumin (0."	( Curcumin improves LPS-induced preeclampsia-like phenotype in rat by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway. Diao, Z; Gong, P; Hong, G; Hu, Y; Li, Y; Liu, M; Shen, L; Wu, M; Xue, P; Yang, M; Zheng, M, 2016)	2.07
" Based on the results of this study, no signs of toxicity in acute, subacute, and subchronic studies following oral administration of ACS c-SLNs were found indicating that the oral dosing regimens were safe at the levels tested for long-term administration to prevent the onset of pancreatic cancer."	( Preclinical systemic toxicity evaluation of chitosan-solid lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated aspirin and curcumin in combination with free sulforaphane in BALB/c mice. Chenreddy, S; Khamas, W; Prabhu, S; Thakkar, A; Thio, A; Wang, J, 2016)	0.65
" Previous studies have evaluated its efficacy using both oral and transdermal dosage forms."	( Water-soluble Complex of Curcumin with Cyclodextrins: Enhanced Physical Properties For Ocular Drug Delivery. Abd-Elgawad, AH; El-Dahan, MS; Jablonski, MM; Maria, DN; Mishra, SR; Soliman, OA; Wang, L, 2017)	0.76
" Finally, once-daily dosing is sufficient to maintain detectable curcuminoids at steady state in both plasma and rectal tissues."	( Randomized Pharmacokinetic Crossover Study Comparing 2 Curcumin Preparations in Plasma and Rectal Tissue of Healthy Human Volunteers. Asher, GN; Dossou, KS; Hawke, RL; Kashuba, AD; Moaddel, R; Sandler, RS; Sanghvi, M; Xie, Y, 2017)	0.94
"There is no information on the dose-response relationship of curcumin on the hemodynamic variables of the heart at the organ level in isolated perfused rat hearts."	( Effects and mechanisms of curcumin on the hemodynamic variablesof isolated perfused rat hearts. Benek, BS; Gümüştekin, K; Kaygisiz, Z; Kilinç, E, 2016)	0.98
" In an attempt to find the mechanism by which piperine enhances the bioavailability of curcumin, the dosage ratio (CUR: PIP) and pre-treatment with piperine were hypothesized as key factors for improving the bioavailability in this combination."	( Selective reduction in the expression of UGTs and SULTs, a novel mechanism by which piperine enhances the bioavailability of curcumin in rat. Cai, D; Chen, Y; Chen, Z; Gan, H; Huang, D; Huang, X; Sun, D; Yao, N; Zeng, Q; Zeng, X; Zhang, C; Zhao, Z; Zhong, G; Zhuo, J, 2017)	0.88
" Additional studies are recommended that examine the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of curcumin through alternate dosing regimens, modulation of other subunits on the GABAA receptor, and interactions with other central nervous system neurotransmitter systems."	( Investigation of the Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Curcumin, a Compound From Turmeric (Curcuma longa), in the Adult Male Sprague-Dawley Rat. Ceremuga, TE; Golder, J; Helmrick, K; Keller, B; Kelley, J; Kufahl, Z; Padrón, G; Philippe, F, )	0.59
" Approaches that can decrease the overall dose of curcumin (for example, by increasing its potency or reducing its clearance rate) may allow the development of sustained release curcumin dosage forms as a practical approach to cancer chemoprevention."	( Chemopreventive efficacy of curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2-positive breast cancer. Grill, AE; Koniar, B; Panyam, J; Shahani, K, 2018)	1.03
" Unfortunately, the high dosage used poses side-effects relatively in comparison to other statins."	( Preparation and characterisation of atorvastatin and curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoformulations for oral delivery in atherosclerosis. J B, VK; Madhusudhan, B; Ramakrishna, S, 2017)	0.7
" However, only curcumin could increase the sensitivity of DOX at all dosing levels, therefore used for further studies."	( Selection of P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor and Formulation of Combinational Nanoformulation Containing Selected Agent Curcumin and DOX for Reversal of Resistance in K562 Cells. Dash, TK; Konkimalla, VB, 2017)	1.02
" Highly dosed filaments induce either the inhibition of proliferation (with 1%) or cell apoptosis (with 10%) as a result of the concentrations of curcumin found in the medium (9 and 32 μM, respectively), which are near or above the known toxicity threshold of curcumin (~10 μM)."	( Investigating the use of curcumin-loaded electrospun filaments for soft tissue repair applications. Carr, AJ; Čipak Gašparović, A; Milković, L; Mouthuy, PA; Somogyi Škoc, M; Žarković, N, 2017)	0.96
" Encapsulation of CUR into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) makes it amenable to topical dosing as their small size promotes its penetration into the skin."	( Skin targeting of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles-engrossed topical gel for the treatment of pigmentation and irritant contact dermatitis. Ranpise, N; Satpute, P; Shrotriya, S; Vidhate, B, 2018)	0.81
" Further research is required to resolve uncertainties related to dosage form, dose and medication frequency of curcumin."	( Efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in lowering blood lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gong, J; Hu, H; Huang, J; Huang, L; Qin, S; Ren, H; Shen, S, 2017)	0.94
" Finally, we provided a first in vivo dose-response showing dose-dependency even for very low doses or partial body exposure showing good correlation between physically and biologically assessed doses."	( FDXR is a biomarker of radiation exposure in vivo. Abend, M; Ainsbury, E; Artiukh, S; Badie, C; Boyle, S; Cruz-Garcia, L; Donovan, E; Gleeson, F; Gothard, L; Green, E; Grepl, J; Kudari, M; Majewski, M; Malkova, A; Miszczyk, L; O'Brien, G; Patel, N; Ponge, L; Port, M; Sirak, I; Slosarek, K; Somaiah, N; Starenkiy, V; Tichý, A; Vasyliev, L; Vinnikov, V; Widlak, P; Zaman, A, 2018)	0.48
" NAFLD model was established by high fat food, and rats were administrated with lovastatin, berberine, curcumin, berberine + curcumin at the dosage of 100, 100, 100, 50 + 50 mg/kg bw, respectively."	( Natural products berberine and curcumin exhibited better ameliorative effects on rats with non-alcohol fatty liver disease than lovastatin. Feng, WW; Kuang, SY; Liu, TS; Ma, ZJ; Pang, JY; Tu, C; Wang, JB; Wang, YH; Xiao, XH; Zang, QC; Zhao, YL, 2018)	0.98
" Damage was seen to have been reduced with curcumin in the 8OHdG and TUNEL reactions, especially in the forebrain and the midbrain, although the dosage applied did not significantly change TAS and TOS levels."	( An Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin on the Changes in the Central Nervous System of Rats Exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the Prenatal Period. Alcigir, ME; Dikmen, BY; Dogan, HO; Dogan, K; Isgoren, A; Vural, SA; Yilmaz, FM, 2018)	1.02
" The in vivo bio-distribution with a CT26 tumor model showed their high tumor accumulation thereby improved antitumor efficacy with a low dosage of CRC, compared to the previous reports."	( CD44 targeting biocompatible and biodegradable hyaluronic acid cross-linked zein nanogels for curcumin delivery to cancer cells: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Cherukula, K; Kim, YC; Lekshmi, KM; Park, IK; Sanoj Rejinold, N; Seok, HY, 2018)	0.7
"The design results were useful for developing of curcumin dosage form with good physicochemical characteristics and mucoadhesive properties for the bladder administration."	( Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Gelatin-Ethylcellulose Microparticles for the Delivery of Curcumin to the Bladder. Bruschi, ML; da Silva, JB; Diniz, A; Kimura, E; Montanha, MC; Oliveira, MB, 2018)	0.95
" Finally, we provide specific recommendations for optimal dosing with Cur for treating neurological diseases."	( Use of Curcumin, a Natural Polyphenol for Targeting Molecular Pathways in Treating Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Dunbar, GL; Maiti, P, 2018)	0.94
" The present study is an attempt to elevate the topical bioavailability of THC, post-incorporation into a nano-carrier system with its final dosage as a hydrogel."	( Topical delivery of tetrahydrocurcumin lipid nanoparticles effectively inhibits skin inflammation: in vitro and in vivo study. Kakkar, V; Kaur, AP; Kaur, IP; Saini, K; Singh, KK, 2018)	0.77
" Also, we have referred to patents for different nutraceuticals for better understanding their quantitative effects and dosage forms."	( Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti- Oxidant Nutraceuticals and Herbal Products: An Overview of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. Buttar, HS; Chintameneni, M; Jain, S; Kaur, G, 2018)	0.48
"24, a novel tri-ketonic chemically modified compound based on natural di-ketonic curcumin, has been shown to reduce bone loss and inflammatory mediators in experimental periodontitis, however, a potential dose-response relationship was not determined."	( Dose-response assessment of chemically modified curcumin in experimental periodontitis. de Almeida Brandão, D; Golub, LM; Guimarães-Stabili, MR; Johnson, F; Rossa, C; Spolidorio, LC, 2019)	1
" Combination of these nano-sized dosage with poorly bioavailable drugs, unspecific target binding ability and naturally unstable curcumin further complicates the formulation aspects."	( Curcumin in combination with anti-cancer drugs: A nanomedicine review. Bahl, D; Batra, H; Pawar, S, 2019)	2.16
" Despite the consistent occurrence of hormetic responses of curcumin in a wide range of biomedical models, epidemiological and clinical trials are needed to assess the nature of curcumin's dose-response in humans."	( Hormetic effects of curcumin: What is the evidence? Barreto, GE; Butler, AE; Moghaddam, NSA; Oskouie, MN; Petit, PX; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.08
" For cannabis in particular, additional investigation regarding appropriate dosing and timing, given known adverse effects of its chronic use, and careful monitoring of potential bleeding complications with synthetic cannabinoids are imperative."	( Cannabis and Turmeric as Complementary Treatments for IBD and Other Digestive Diseases. Cross, RK; Quezada, SM, 2019)	0.51
" Effects on ESCC cell proliferation were not detected from 40µM THCUR, a dosage above the IC50 of curcumin and 5-FU."	( Tetrahydrocurcumin, Curcumin, and 5-Fluorouracil Effects on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells. Geusz, ME; Jamasbi, RJ; Pendleton, EG, 2019)	1.13
"In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that combination of PTX and curcumin exerts a potentiated anti-glioma efficacy in vitro that may help in reducing dosage and/or minimizing side effects of cytotoxic therapy."	( Curcumin potentiates the antitumor activity of Paclitaxel in rat glioma C6 cells. Bashllari, R; Cimino, F; Costa, G; Ferlazzo, G; Fratantonio, D; Molonia, MS; Muscarà, C; Saija, A; Speciale, A, 2019)	2.19
" This facilitates their ready acceptance as dietary supplements with no requirements of special dosage and concerns over long-term usage."	( Encapsulation of Nutraceutical Ingredients in Liposomes and Their Potential for Cancer Treatment. Anandharamakrishnan, C; Dutta, S; Moses, JA, )	0.13
" CCK-8 tests show that SH-SY5Y neuronal cells have a dose-response to curcumin in terms of viability that is dependent on the exposure durations."	( Revealing the Effects of Curcumin on SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells: A Combined Study from Cellular Viability, Morphology, and Biomechanics. Chen, L; Fu, A; Tang, M; Wang, H; Wang, Z; Yang, Z; Yu, X, 2019)	1.05
" Using curcumin dose-response assay and time-response assay in an immortalized lymphoblastoid cell line (control line 45), we observed a time-dependent increase in apoptotic markers such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation, phosphatidylserine exposure, and caspase-3, caspase-9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) cleavage."	( Curcumin induces p53-independent inactivation of Nrf2 during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Córdova, EJ; Martínez-Castillo, M; Méndez-García, LA; Orozco, L; Villegas-Sepúlveda, N, 2019)	2.41
" Co-administration of mRQ with ADR can reduce ADR dosing through chemosensitization while being cardioprotective."	( Chemosensitization and mitigation of Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity using combinational polymeric micelles for co-delivery of quercetin/resveratrol and resveratrol/curcumin in ovarian cancer. Alani, AWG; Cote, B; Fatease, AA; LeBlanc, N; Nguyen, DX; Rao, DA; Shah, V, 2019)	0.71
" Longer duration, larger cohort size, and multiple dosage arm trials are warranted to establish the long term benefits of curcumin supplementation."	( Curcumin in Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases. Akbar, U; Mohan, C; Yang, M, 2019)	2.16
" Yet, a significant amount of the orally dosed compound is eliminated in the feces, and a major fraction of the absorbed compound is metabolized to inactive glucuronides, resulting in poor bioavailability (<1%)."	( Chemopreventive efficacy of oral curcumin: a prodrug hypothesis. Grill, A; Khanna, V; Kirtane, A; Liu, G; Panyam, J, 2019)	0.8
" Dose-response effects of an ethanol crude extract were investigated in the writhing and formalin tests in mice and rats, respectively."	( Identification of some bioactive metabolites and inhibitory receptors in the antinociceptive activity of Tagetes lucida Cav. Díaz-Reval, MI; González-Trujano, ME; Gutiérrez-Valentino, C; Hernández-Arámburo, MY; Pellicer, F, 2019)	0.51
" This review covers aspects of curcumin in relation to prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: dosage and schedule, effect on kidney biomarkers and histological changes, and mechanisms of curcumin's protective effects."	( Efficacy of curcumin on prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review of animal studies. Barreto, GE; Beiraghdar, F; Motaharinia, J; Panahi, Y; Sahebkar, A, 2019)	1.18
" A dose-response meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed using the random-effects model to estimate pooled effect size."	( Short-term curcumin supplementation enhances serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult men and women: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Djalali, M; Javanbakht, MH; Parohan, M; Ranji-Burachaloo, S; Sarraf, P, 2019)	0.9
" Dose-response curves were generated testing three concentrations of free-Cur and Cur-SLN in combination with increasing doses of IR (2-9 Gy)."	( Radiosensitizing effect of curcumin-loaded lipid nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. Abbate, B; Amore, E; Baglio, M; Bonanomi, M; Bondì, ML; Bravatà, V; Cammarata, FP; Evangelista, G; Forte, GI; Gaglio, D; Gilardi, MC; Iacoviello, G; Militello, C; Minafra, L; Porcino, N; Russo, G; Savoca, G, 2019)	0.81
" The rats in the experimental groups were given curcumin (110 mg/kg) by intragastric administration after ovariectomy, while rats in the sham group and OVX group were given the same dosage of carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution, once a day for 12 weeks."	( [Effects of curcumin on EZH2 mRNA expression in the mandible and femur of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats]. Dewi, C; Jiang, Q; Zhou, XW; Zhu, BY, 2019)	1.15
" In the 90-day study, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed once daily, by oral gavage, either with the vehicle or the test item at 500, 1500 or 3000 mg/kg body weight/day."	( Toxicological safety evaluation of a novel highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation. Ahlborn, E; Baldwin, NJ; Fança-Berthon, P; Phipps, KR; Privat, K; Quesnot, N, 2020)	0.56
" The results revealed that the delivery system could effectively reduce the clinical dosage of drugs and reduce its toxic side effects, effectively carry drugs into cancer cells, and exhibit good targeting characteristics for breast cancer."	( PEGylated lipid bilayer coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-delivery of paclitaxel and curcumin leads to increased tumor site drug accumulation and reduced tumor burden. Fan, K; Gao, J; Jin, Y; Lin, D; Lin, J; Liu, Z; Tang, Y; Wang, Q; Wang, S; Xu, H; Zhao, L, 2019)	0.73
" The pharmacokinetics of the constituents of these supplements when dosed in combination with methylsulfonylmethane were compared to being administered alone."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of constituents of Boswellia serrata, pine bark extracts, curcumin in combination including methylsulfonylmethane in healthy volunteers. Adiwidjaja, J; Eagles, SK; Eyles, J; Hunter, DJ; Liu, X; McLachlan, AJ; Wang, X, 2020)	0.78
" Inhalation therapy would be more economical and allow more frequent dosing with a potentially lower level of drug."	( Multiorgan microfluidic platform with breathable lung chamber for inhalation or intravenous drug screening and development. Chen, CY; Gao, E; Miller, PG; Shuler, ML; Wang, YI, 2020)	0.56
"This research aims at formulation of controlled release dosage form containing curcumin microspheres and diclofenac diethylamine and then incorporating it into gel formulation for treatment of inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis."	( Controlled Release Gel Encompassing Curcumin Microspheres and Diclofenac Diethylamine for Feat Against Arthritis Inflammation. Dabre, S; Singh, P, 2020)	1.06
" This dose-response meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of curcumin supplementation on body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference (WC) in patients with NAFLD."	( The effects of curcumin supplementation on body mass index, body weight, and waist circumference in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Baziar, N; Parohan, M, 2020)	1.15
" All animals were dosed via oral gavage for 4 weeks."	( Synergistic antioxidant effects of resveratrol and curcumin against fipronil-triggered oxidative damage in male albino rats. Abdel-Daim, MM; AlBasher, G; Aleya, L; Almeer, R; Bungau, S; Hamza, RZ; Ibrahim, KA, 2020)	0.81
" The NPs induced cytotoxic effects in breast cancer cells at a mid-minimal dosage followed by cell death via autophagy and apoptosis, reduction in their target protein expression along with compromising the self-renewal property of CSCs as revealed by their in vitro cell studies."	( GANT61 and curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for GLI1 and PI3K/Akt-mediated inhibition in breast adenocarcinoma. Borah, A; Kumar, DS; Maekawa, T; Nakajima, Y; Palaninathan, V; Pillai, SC; Rochani, AK, 2020)	0.95
" The biphasic dose-response photodynamic effect observed for 1 and 3 may provide a strategy against prolonged and sustained photosensitivity."	( Curcumin derivatives as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: photophysical properties and in vitro studies with prostate cancer cells. Alexandratou, E; Alexiou, P; Kazantzis, KT; Koutsonikoli, K; Mavroidi, B; Pelecanou, M; Politopoulos, K; Sagnou, M; Zachariadis, M, 2020)	2
"Although film-forming hydrogels possess the advantages of both film and hydrogel dosage forms, certain limitations still remain."	( Film-Forming Nanogels: Effects of Nanocarriers and Film-Forming Gel on the Sustained Release of Curcumin. Ngo, HV; Nguyen, KT; Tran, PHL; Tran, TTD, 2021)	0.84
" Of note, a de-escalation of radiotherapy dose (5 Gy) along with curcumin, GLUT-1 AS-ODN or 3-MA produced a stronger effect than high dosage of radiotherapy (10 Gy) alone."	( Effect of combination of curcumin and GLUT-1 AS-ODN on radiosensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma through regulating autophagy. Bao, YY; Dai, LB; Fan, J; Huang, YP; Lu, ZJ; Shen, LF; Yu, Q; Zhong, JT; Zhou, SH, 2020)	1.1
" Thus, this study offers a potentially effective means of transforming poorly water soluble BCS Class II APIs into fast dissolving solid dosage NP-carrier composites, whereby the surface properties of the carrier particle can be tuned with prior knowledge of the zeta potential of the API nanoparticles."	( Modification of the zeta potential of montmorillonite to achieve high active pharmaceutical ingredient nanoparticle loading and stabilization with optimum dissolution properties. Davern, P; Hodnett, BK; Hudson, S; Kumar, A, 2020)	0.56
" The optimum dosage of UPF were ĸ-carrageenan (1."	( Developing a unidirectionally permeable edible film based on ĸ-carrageenan and gelatin for visually detecting the freshness of grass carp fillets. He, F; Jin, Z; Kong, Q; Mou, H, 2020)	0.56
" According to the results, this study supports the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin; however, more studies are needed to investigate theeffects of curcumin and the dose-response relationship in this disease."	( Curcumin Ameliorate Diabetes type 1 Complications through Decreasing Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in C57BL/6 Mice. Ahmadiafshar, S; Hosseini, G; Jafari Khataylou, Y; Parsamanesh, S; Rezaei, R, 2020)	2.22
" Three days prior to and one day after a race, the daily dosage was doubled."	( Optimized Curcumin, Pomegranate Extract, and Methylsulfonylmethane Reduce Acute, Systemic Inflammatory Response to a Half-marathon Race. Davis, AA; Gary, MA; McFarlin, BK; Michalik, S; Tanner, EA, 2022)	1.12
" In all cases, hepatotoxicity was associated with Curcuma longa formulations with high bioavailability and high dosage of curcumin/curcuminoids."	( Acute liver injury following turmeric use in Tuscany: An analysis of the Italian Phytovigilance database and systematic review of case reports. Brilli, V; Crescioli, G; Firenzuoli, F; Gallo, E; Ippoliti, I; Lanzi, C; Lombardi, N; Maggini, V; Mannaioni, G; Menniti-Ippolito, F; Vannacci, A, 2021)	0.83
"The SMEDDS used in the study was observed to enhance the inhibitory efficacy of the antiulcer drug on the iNOS/NO system, leading to a reduction of daily dosing and dosing frequency."	( Comparative Inhibitory Efficacy on the iNOS/NO System of Curcuminand Tetrahydrocurcumin-Self-Microemulsifying Liquid Formulation in Chronic Gastric Ulcer Model. Hansakul, P; Kongpuckdee, S; Mahattanadul, S; Nitiruangjaras, A; Tansakul, P; Wiwattanapatapee, R, 2021)	0.87
"Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634)."	( Abbasi, S; Abd El-Wahab, A; Abdallah, M; Abebe, G; Aca-Aca, G; Adama, S; Adefegha, SA; Adidigue-Ndiome, R; Adiseshaiah, P; Adrario, E; Aghajanian, C; Agnese, W; Ahmad, A; Ahmad, I; Ahmed, MFE; Akcay, OF; Akinmoladun, AC; Akutagawa, T; Alakavuklar, MA; Álava-Rabasa, S; Albaladejo-Florín, MJ; Alexandra, AJE; Alfawares, R; Alferiev, IS; Alghamdi, HS; Ali, I; Allard, B; Allen, JD; Almada, E; Alobaid, A; Alonso, GL; Alqahtani, YS; Alqarawi, W; Alsaleh, H; Alyami, BA; Amaral, BPD; Amaro, JT; Amin, SAW; Amodio, E; Amoo, ZA; Andia Biraro, I; Angiolella, L; Anheyer, D; Anlay, DZ; Annex, BH; Antonio-Aguirre, B; Apple, S; Arbuznikov, AV; Arinsoy, T; Armstrong, DK; Ash, S; Aslam, M; Asrie, F; Astur, DC; Atzrodt, J; Au, DW; Aucoin, M; Auerbach, EJ; Azarian, S; Ba, D; Bai, Z; Baisch, PRM; Balkissou, AD; Baltzopoulos, V; Banaszewski, M; Banerjee, S; Bao, Y; Baradwan, A; Barandika, JF; Barger, PM; Barion, MRL; Barrett, CD; Basudan, AM; Baur, LE; Baz-Rodríguez, SA; Beamer, P; Beaulant, A; Becker, DF; Beckers, C; Bedel, J; Bedlack, R; Bermúdez de Castro, JM; Berry, JD; Berthier, C; Bhattacharya, D; Biadgo, B; Bianco, G; Bianco, M; Bibi, S; Bigliardi, AP; Billheimer, D; Birnie, DH; Biswas, K; Blair, HC; Bognetti, P; Bolan, PJ; Bolla, JR; Bolze, A; Bonnaillie, P; Borlimi, R; Bórquez, J; Bottari, NB; Boulleys-Nana, JR; Brighetti, G; Brodeur, GM; Budnyak, T; Budnyk, S; Bukirwa, VD; Bulman, DM; Burm, R; Busman-Sahay, K; Butcher, TW; Cai, C; Cai, H; Cai, L; Cairati, M; Calvano, CD; Camacho-Ordóñez, A; Camela, E; Cameron, T; Campbell, BS; Cansian, RL; Cao, Y; Caporale, AS; Carciofi, AC; Cardozo, V; Carè, J; Carlos, AF; Carozza, R; Carroll, CJW; Carsetti, A; Carubelli, V; Casarotta, E; Casas, M; Caselli, G; Castillo-Lora, J; Cataldi, TRI; Cavalcante, ELB; Cavaleiro, A; Cayci, Z; Cebrián-Tarancón, C; Cedrone, E; Cella, D; Cereda, C; Ceretti, A; Ceroni, M; Cha, YH; Chai, X; Chang, EF; Chang, TS; Chanteux, H; Chao, M; Chaplin, BP; Chaturvedi, S; Chaturvedi, V; Chaudhary, DK; Chen, A; Chen, C; Chen, HY; Chen, J; Chen, JJ; Chen, K; Chen, L; Chen, Q; Chen, R; Chen, SY; Chen, TY; Chen, WM; Chen, X; Chen, Y; Cheng, G; Cheng, GJ; Cheng, J; Cheng, YH; Cheon, HG; Chew, KW; Chhoker, S; Chiu, WN; Choi, ES; Choi, MJ; Choi, SD; Chokshi, S; Chorny, M; Chu, KI; Chu, WJ; Church, AL; Cirrincione, A; Clamp, AR; Cleff, MB; Cohen, M; Coleman, RL; Collins, SL; Colombo, N; Conduit, N; Cong, WL; Connelly, MA; Connor, J; Cooley, K; Correa Ramos Leal, I; Cose, S; Costantino, C; Cottrell, M; Cui, L; Cundall, J; Cutaia, C; Cutler, CW; Cuypers, ML; da Silva Júnior, FMR; Dahal, RH; Damiani, E; Damtie, D; Dan-Li, W; Dang, Z; Dasa, SSK; Davin, A; Davis, DR; de Andrade, CM; de Jong, PL; de Oliveira, D; de Paula Dorigam, JC; Dean, A; Deepa, M; Delatour, C; Dell'Aiera, S; Delley, MF; den Boer, RB; Deng, L; Deng, Q; Depner, RM; Derdau, V; Derici, U; DeSantis, AJ; Desmarini, D; Diffo-Sonkoue, L; Divizia, M; Djenabou, A; Djordjevic, JT; Dobrovolskaia, MA; Domizi, R; Donati, A; Dong, Y; Dos Santos, M; Dos Santos, MP; Douglas, RG; Duarte, PF; Dullaart, RPF; Duscha, BD; Edwards, LA; Edwards, TE; Eichenwald, EC; El-Baba, TJ; Elashiry, M; Elashiry, MM; Elashry, SH; Elliott, A; Elsayed, R; Emerson, MS; Emmanuel, YO; Emory, TH; Endale-Mangamba, LM; Enten, GA; Estefanía-Fernández, K; Estes, JD; Estrada-Mena, FJ; Evans, S; Ezra, L; Faria de, RO; Farraj, AK; Favre, C; Feng, B; Feng, J; Feng, L; Feng, W; Feng, X; Feng, Z; Fernandes, CLF; Fernández-Cuadros, ME; Fernie, AR; Ferrari, D; Florindo, PR; Fong, PC; Fontes, EPB; Fontinha, D; Fornari, VJ; Fox, NP; Fu, Q; Fujitaka, Y; Fukuhara, K; Fumeaux, T; Fuqua, C; Fustinoni, S; Gabbanelli, V; Gaikwad, S; Gall, ET; Galli, A; Gancedo, MA; Gandhi, MM; Gao, D; Gao, K; Gao, M; Gao, Q; Gao, X; Gao, Y; Gaponenko, V; Garber, A; Garcia, EM; García-Campos, C; García-Donas, J; García-Pérez, AL; Gasparri, F; Ge, C; Ge, D; Ge, JB; Ge, X; George, I; George, LA; Germani, G; Ghassemi Tabrizi, S; Gibon, Y; Gillent, E; Gillies, RS; Gilmour, MI; Goble, S; Goh, JC; Goiri, F; Goldfinger, LE; Golian, M; Gómez, MA; Gonçalves, J; Góngora-García, OR; Gonul, I; González, MA; Govers, TM; Grant, PC; Gray, EH; Gray, JE; Green, MS; Greenwald, I; Gregory, MJ; Gretzke, D; Griffin-Nolan, RJ; Griffith, DC; Gruppen, EG; Guaita, A; Guan, P; Guan, X; Guerci, P; Guerrero, DT; Guo, M; Guo, P; Guo, R; Guo, X; Gupta, J; Guz, G; Hajizadeh, N; Hamada, H; Haman-Wabi, AB; Han, TT; Hannan, N; Hao, S; Harjola, VP; Harmon, M; Hartmann, MSM; Hartwig, JF; Hasani, M; Hawthorne, WJ; Haykal-Coates, N; Hazari, MS; He, DL; He, P; He, SG; Héau, C; Hebbar Kannur, K; Helvaci, O; Heuberger, DM; Hidalgo, F; Hilty, MP; Hirata, K; Hirsch, A; Hoffman, AM; Hoffmann, JF; Holloway, RW; Holmes, RK; Hong, S; Hongisto, M; Hopf, NB; Hörlein, R; Hoshino, N; Hou, Y; Hoven, NF; Hsieh, YY; Hsu, CT; Hu, CW; Hu, JH; Hu, MY; Hu, Y; Hu, Z; Huang, C; Huang, D; Huang, DQ; Huang, L; Huang, Q; Huang, R; Huang, S; Huang, SC; Huang, W; Huang, Y; Huffman, KM; Hung, CH; Hung, CT; Huurman, R; Hwang, SM; Hyun, S; Ibrahim, AM; Iddi-Faical, A; Immordino, P; Isla, MI; Jacquemond, V; Jacques, T; Jankowska, E; Jansen, JA; Jäntti, T; Jaque-Fernandez, F; Jarvis, GA; Jatt, LP; Jeon, JW; Jeong, SH; Jhunjhunwala, R; Ji, F; Jia, X; Jia, Y; Jian-Bo, Z; Jiang, GD; Jiang, L; Jiang, W; Jiang, WD; Jiang, Z; Jiménez-Hoyos, CA; Jin, S; Jobling, MG; John, CM; John, T; Johnson, CB; Jones, KI; Jones, WS; Joseph, OO; Ju, C; Judeinstein, P; Junges, A; Junnarkar, M; Jurkko, R; Kaleka, CC; Kamath, AV; Kang, X; Kantsadi, AL; Kapoor, M; Karim, Z; Kashuba, ADM; Kassa, E; Kasztura, M; Kataja, A; Katoh, T; Kaufman, JS; Kaupp, M; Kehinde, O; Kehrenberg, C; Kemper, N; Kerr, CW; Khan, AU; Khan, MF; Khan, ZUH; Khojasteh, SC; Kilburn, S; Kim, CG; Kim, DU; Kim, DY; Kim, HJ; Kim, J; Kim, OH; Kim, YH; King, C; Klein, A; Klingler, L; Knapp, AK; Ko, TK; Kodavanti, UP; Kolla, V; Kong, L; Kong, RY; Kong, X; Kore, S; Kortz, U; Korucu, B; Kovacs, A; Krahnert, I; Kraus, WE; Kuang, SY; Kuehn-Hajder, JE; Kurz, M; Kuśtrowski, P; Kwak, YD; Kyttaris, VC; Laga, SM; Laguerre, A; Laloo, A; Langaro, MC; Langham, MC; Lao, X; Larocca, MC; Lassus, J; Lattimer, TA; Lazar, S; Le, MH; Leal, DB; Leal, M; Leary, A; Ledermann, JA; Lee, JF; Lee, MV; Lee, NH; Leeds, CM; Leeds, JS; Lefrandt, JD; Leicht, AS; Leonard, M; Lev, S; Levy, K; Li, B; Li, C; Li, CM; Li, DH; Li, H; Li, J; Li, L; Li, LJ; Li, N; Li, P; Li, T; Li, X; Li, XH; Li, XQ; Li, XX; Li, Y; Li, Z; Li, ZY; Liao, YF; Lin, CC; Lin, MH; Lin, Y; Ling, Y; Links, TP; Lira-Romero, E; Liu, C; Liu, D; Liu, H; Liu, J; Liu, L; Liu, LP; Liu, M; Liu, T; Liu, W; Liu, X; Liu, XH; Liu, Y; Liuwantara, D; Ljumanovic, N; Lobo, L; Lokhande, K; Lopes, A; Lopes, RMRM; López-Gutiérrez, JC; López-Muñoz, MJ; López-Santamaría, M; Lorenzo, C; Lorusso, D; Losito, I; Lu, C; Lu, H; Lu, HZ; Lu, SH; Lu, SN; Lu, Y; Lu, ZY; Luboga, F; Luo, JJ; Luo, KL; Luo, Y; Lutomski, CA; Lv, W; M Piedade, MF; Ma, J; Ma, JQ; Ma, JX; Ma, N; Ma, P; Ma, S; Maciel, M; Madureira, M; Maganaris, C; Maginn, EJ; Mahnashi, MH; Maierhofer, M; Majetschak, M; Malla, TR; Maloney, L; Mann, DL; Mansuri, A; Marelli, E; Margulis, CJ; Marrella, A; Martin, BL; Martín-Francés, L; Martínez de Pinillos, M; Martínez-Navarro, EM; Martinez-Quintanilla Jimenez, D; Martínez-Velasco, A; Martínez-Villaseñor, L; Martinón-Torres, M; Martins, BA; Massongo, M; Mathew, AP; Mathews, D; Matsui, J; Matsumoto, KI; Mau, T; Maves, RC; Mayclin, SJ; Mayer, JM; Maynard, ND; Mayr, T; Mboowa, MG; McEvoy, MP; McIntyre, RC; McKay, JA; McPhail, MJW; McVeigh, AL; Mebazaa, A; Medici, V; Medina, DN; Mehmood, T; Mei-Li, C; Melku, M; Meloncelli, S; Mendes, GC; Mendoza-Velásquez, C; Mercadante, R; Mercado, MI; Merenda, MEZ; Meunier, J; Mi, SL; Michels, M; Mijatovic, V; Mikhailov, V; Milheiro, SA; Miller, DC; Ming, F; Mitsuishi, M; Miyashita, T; Mo, J; Mo, S; Modesto-Mata, M; Moeller, S; Monte, A; Monteiro, L; Montomoli, J; Moore, EE; Moore, HB; Moore, PK; Mor, MK; Moratalla-López, N; Moratilla Lapeña, L; Moreira, R; Moreno, MA; Mörk, AC; Morton, M; Mosier, JM; Mou, LH; Mougharbel, AS; Muccillo-Baisch, AL; Muñoz-Serrano, AJ; Mustafa, B; Nair, GM; Nakanishi, I; Nakanjako, D; Naraparaju, K; Nawani, N; Neffati, R; Neil, EC; Neilipovitz, D; Neira-Borrajo, I; Nelson, MT; Nery, PB; Nese, M; Nguyen, F; Nguyen, MH; Niazy, AA; Nicolaï, J; Nogueira, F; Norbäck, D; Novaretti, JV; O'Donnell, T; O'Dowd, A; O'Malley, DM; Oaknin, A; Ogata, K; Ohkubo, K; Ojha, M; Olaleye, MT; Olawande, B; Olomo, EJ; Ong, EWY; Ono, A; Onwumere, J; Ortiz Bibriesca, DM; Ou, X; Oza, AM; Ozturk, K; Özütemiz, C; Palacio-Pastrana, C; Palaparthi, A; Palevsky, PM; Pan, K; Pantanetti, S; Papachristou, DJ; Pariani, A; Parikh, CR; Parissis, J; Paroul, N; Parry, S; Patel, N; Patel, SM; Patel, VC; Pawar, S; Pefura-Yone, EW; Peixoto Andrade, BCO; Pelepenko, LE; Peña-Lora, D; Peng, S; Pérez-Moro, OS; Perez-Ortiz, AC; Perry, LM; Peter, CM; Phillips, NJ; Phillips, P; Pia Tek, J; Piner, LW; Pinto, EA; Pinto, SN; Piyachaturawat, P; Poka-Mayap, V; Polledri, E; Poloni, TE; Ponessa, G; Poole, ST; Post, AK; Potter, TM; Pressly, BB; Prouty, MG; Prudêncio, M; Pulkki, K; Pupier, C; Qian, H; Qian, ZP; Qiu, Y; Qu, G; Rahimi, S; Rahman, AU; Ramadan, H; Ramanna, S; Ramirez, I; Randolph, GJ; Rasheed, A; Rault, J; Raviprakash, V; Reale, E; Redpath, C; Rema, V; Remucal, CK; Remy, D; Ren, T; Ribeiro, LB; Riboli, G; Richards, J; Rieger, V; Rieusset, J; Riva, A; Rivabella Maknis, T; Robbins, JL; Robinson, CV; Roche-Campo, F; Rodriguez, R; Rodríguez-de-Cía, J; Rollenhagen, JE; Rosen, EP; Rub, D; Rubin, N; Rubin, NT; Ruurda, JP; Saad, O; Sabell, T; Saber, SE; Sabet, M; Sadek, MM; Saejio, A; Salinas, RM; Saliu, IO; Sande, D; Sang, D; Sangenito, LS; Santos, ALSD; Sarmiento Caldas, MC; Sassaroli, S; Sassi, V; Sato, J; Sauaia, A; Saunders, K; Saunders, PR; Savarino, SJ; Scambia, G; Scanlon, N; Schetinger, MR; Schinkel, AFL; Schladweiler, MC; Schofield, CJ; Schuepbach, RA; Schulz, J; Schwartz, N; Scorcella, C; Seeley, J; Seemann, F; Seinige, D; Sengoku, T; Seravalli, J; Sgromo, B; Shaheen, MY; Shan, L; Shanmugam, S; Shao, H; Sharma, S; Shaw, KJ; 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Tseng, CH; Tu, H; Tu, YJ; Tung, SY; Turpault, S; Tuynman, JB; Uemoto, AT; Ugurlu, M; Ullah, S; Underwood, RS; Ungell, AL; Usandizaga-Elio, I; Vakonakis, I; van Boxel, GI; van den Beucken, JJJP; van der Boom, T; van Slegtenhorst, MA; Vanni, JR; Vaquera, A; Vasconcellos, RS; Velayos, M; Vena, R; Ventura, G; Verso, MG; Vincent, RP; Vitale, F; Vitali, S; Vlek, SL; Vleugels, MPH; Volkmann, N; Vukelic, M; Wagner Mackenzie, B; Wairagala, P; Waller, SB; Wan, J; Wan, MT; Wan, Y; Wang, CC; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wang, JF; Wang, K; Wang, L; Wang, M; Wang, S; Wang, WM; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wang, YD; Wang, YF; Wang, Z; Wang, ZG; Warriner, K; Weberpals, JI; Weerachayaphorn, J; Wehrli, FW; Wei, J; Wei, KL; Weinheimer, CJ; Weisbord, SD; Wen, S; Wendel Garcia, PD; Williams, JW; Williams, R; Winkler, C; Wirman, AP; Wong, S; Woods, CM; Wu, B; Wu, C; Wu, F; Wu, P; Wu, S; Wu, Y; Wu, YN; Wu, ZH; Wurtzel, JGT; Xia, L; Xia, Z; Xia, ZZ; Xiao, H; Xie, C; Xin, ZM; Xing, Y; Xing, Z; Xu, S; Xu, SB; Xu, T; Xu, X; Xu, Y; Xue, L; Xun, J; Yaffe, MB; Yalew, A; Yamamoto, S; Yan, D; Yan, H; Yan, S; Yan, X; Yang, AD; Yang, E; Yang, H; Yang, J; Yang, JL; Yang, K; Yang, M; Yang, P; Yang, Q; Yang, S; Yang, W; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yao, JC; Yao, WL; Yao, Y; Yaqub, TB; Ye, J; Ye, W; Yen, CW; Yeter, HH; Yin, C; Yip, V; Yong-Yi, J; Yu, HJ; Yu, MF; Yu, S; Yu, W; Yu, WW; Yu, X; Yuan, P; Yuan, Q; Yue, XY; Zaia, AA; Zakhary, SY; Zalwango, F; Zamalloa, A; Zamparo, P; Zampini, IC; Zani, JL; Zeitoun, R; Zeng, N; Zenteno, JC; Zepeda-Palacio, C; Zhai, C; Zhang, B; Zhang, G; Zhang, J; Zhang, K; Zhang, Q; Zhang, R; Zhang, T; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhang, YY; Zhao, B; Zhao, D; Zhao, G; Zhao, H; Zhao, Q; Zhao, R; Zhao, S; Zhao, T; Zhao, X; Zhao, XA; Zhao, Y; Zhao, Z; Zheng, Z; Zhi-Min, G; Zhou, CL; Zhou, HD; Zhou, J; Zhou, W; Zhou, XQ; Zhou, Z; Zhu, C; Zhu, H; Zhu, L; Zhu, Y; Zitzmann, N; Zou, L; Zou, Y, 2022)	0.72
" The expression of TET1 and NKD2 was greatly inhibited by high dosage of curcumin."	( Curcumin may reverse 5-fluorouracil resistance on colonic cancer cells by regulating TET1-NKD-Wnt signal pathway to inhibit the EMT progress. Lu, Y; Yao, Q; Zhang, B; Zhang, R; Zhang, X, 2020)	2.23
" The type and dosage of precipitation inhibitors(PPIs) were selected to maintain the supersaturated concentration and duration of CUR in artificial gastrointestinal fluids."	( [Preparation and in vitro quality evaluation of curcumin supersaturated self-nanoemulsion]. Chen, XL; Ding, HB; Lai, ZT; Liang, XL; Liao, ZG; Lin, X; Yuan, QL, 2020)	0.81
" The use of NSAIDs together with an overall reduction of their dosage and time of assumption has been reduced as well."	( Effectiveness of the integration of quercetin, turmeric, and N-acetylcysteine in reducing inflammation and pain associated with endometriosis. In-vitro and in-vivo studies. Accardi, M; Baietti, MG; Fadin, M; Fratter, A; Nicoletti, MC; Pellizzato, M, 2020)	0.56
" Moreover, an improved oral bioavailability of the nanotized formulation lowered the dosage at which the pharmacological effect was achieved while avoiding any observable adverse harmful side effects."	( Nanotized curcumin-benzothiophene conjugate: A potential combination for treatment of cerebral malaria. Banerjee, T; Ghosh, A, 2020)	0.96
" Lipid-based nanocarrier systems including liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles, lipospheres, and lipid nanocapsules have found potential as carriers to overcome the issues associated with conventional topical dosage forms."	( Emerging Trends in Topical Delivery of Curcumin Through Lipid Nanocarriers: Effectiveness in Skin Disorders. Dubey, SK; Gorantla, S; Rapalli, VK; Saha, RN; Shah, P; Singhvi, G; Waghule, T, 2020)	0.83
" The results indicate that a short-term supplementation of a low dosage CGM exerted superior beneficial effects than a high-dosage CHN-GLN combination in alleviating the pain and symptoms of OA subjects."	( Influence of a low-dose supplementation of curcumagalactomannoside complex (CurQfen) in knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, open-labeled, active-controlled clinical trial. Khanna, A; Krishnakumar, IM; Kunnumakkara, AB; Maliakel, B; Mohanan, R; Smina, TP; Thomas, JV, 2021)	0.62
" Scientists have introduced multiple modern techniques and novel dosage forms for enhancing the delivery, bioavailability, and efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of various malignancies."	( Nanocurcumin: A Double-Edged Sword for Microcancers. Islam, MU; Islam, SU; Janjua, KA; Shahzad, R; Shehzad, A, 2020)	1.32
" An ideal system capable of the co-delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic chemotherapeutic agents can regulate the dosage and co-localization of pharmaceutical compounds and thereby improve the anticancer efficacy."	( Intercalation of curcumin into liposomal chemotherapeutic agent augments apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Alipour, M; Ardakani, MT; Baneshi, M; Bardania, H; Barmak, MJ; Hassandokht, F; Karimi, B; Mahmoudi, R; Mousavizadeh, A; Nikseresht, M; Roustazadeh, A; Shirazi, MS; Tarvirdipour, S, 2021)	0.96
" Under the same dosage conditions, the effect of curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles on promoting the apoptosis of breast cancer cells was evaluated."	( [Preparation of curcumin TPP-PEG-PE nanomicelles with mitochondrial targeting and lysosomal escape functions and its effect on promoting breast cancer cell apoptosis]. Mi, T; Qi, G; Shan-Shan, Z; Yin-Hua, Y, 2020)	1.16
"Low bioavailability and poor water solubility have limited the utilization of curcumin in conventional dosing methods."	( Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-nanocrystalline cellulose (CTAB-NCC) based microemulsions for enhancement of topical delivery of curcumin. Ahmad, I; Kargarzadeh, H; Ramli, S; Zainuddin, N; Zulfakar, MH, 2021)	1.05
"The combination therapy which has been proposed as the strategy for the cancer treatment could achieve a synergistic effect for cancer therapies and reduce the dosage of the applied drugs."	( An improved method in fabrication of smart dual-responsive nanogels for controlled release of doxorubicin and curcumin in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Abedi, F; Akbarzadeh, A; Baradaran, B; Davaran, S; Hekmati, M; Moghaddam, SV, 2021)	0.83
"The optimal dosage of curcumin could reduce foam cell formation and intracellular lipid content, and promote cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages."	( Curcumin promotes cholesterol efflux by regulating ABCA1 expression through miR-125a-5p/SIRT6 axis in THP-1 macrophage to prevent atherosclerosis. Tan, C; Wen, W; Xiao, N; Zhou, L, 2021)	2.38
" The lack of standardization in analysis method, confusion about what constitutes an ideal analyte, and conflicting thoughts around dosing strategies have made it difficult to draw parity between bioavailability and bioactivity and establish a baseline for formulation comparisons."	( The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Jackson-Michel, S; Missamma, M; Nirvanashetty, S; Panda, SK, 2021)	0.89
"6 for the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing to the last measurable time."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics of Theracurmin, a highly bioavailable curcumin, in healthy adult subjects. Cho, JY; Chung, H; Park, JY; Shin, D; Yeo, HK; Yoon, SH, 2021)	0.86
" Male 8- to 10-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were divided into four groups: WKY rats and SHRs treated with vehicle and SHRs treated with curcumin in dosage of 100 or 300 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks."	( Curcumin ameliorates hypertension via gut-brain communication in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Bai, J; Dai, ZM; Dong, YY; Du, MM; Kang, YM; Li, CX; Li, HB; Li, Y; Su, Q; Wang, XM; Xia, WJ; Xu, ML; Yu, XJ, 2021)	2.26
"Currently, there are increasing numbers of dermal and transdermal dosage forms of both natural and synthetic compounds on the market."	( Assessment of Topical and Transdermal Penetration of Curcuma heyneana Rhizome Extract in Rat Skin: Histological Analysis. Hestianah, EP; Kusumawati, I; Warsito, MF, 2022)	0.72
" However, there were side effects of curcumin in MCT-induced rats, suggesting that the dosage should be treated with caution and its toxicological mechanism should be further studied and evaluated."	( Curcumin Improves Pulmonary Hypertension Rats by Regulating Mitochondrial Function. Chen, J; Jiang, W; Wang, Q; Wu, J; Yang, H; Zhu, F, 2021)	2.34
" CUR and FNT were dosed three times a week for two months."	( The ameliorative effect of curcumin on hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 genes dysregulation and hepatorenal damage induced by fenitrothion oral intoxication in male rats. Abd-Elhakim, YM; El Deib, MM; El-Sharkawy, NI; Ghoneim, MH; Hussein, MMA; Moustafa, GG, 2021)	0.92
"It is concluded that Unani drugs can be utilized in better way by modifying into a convenient dosage form."	( Efficacy of herbal anti-microbial soap in Tinea corporis: A randomized controlled study. Bhat, MDA; Najar, FA; R, TK; Zaman, R, 2022)	0.72
" The findings of this study concluded that an optimal dosage of turmeric could maintain a healthy neuron and thus healthy aging, by preventing the loss and increasing the level of β-tubulin in the brain."	( Curcuma longa L. Prevents the Loss of β-Tubulin in the Brain and Maintains Healthy Aging in Drosophila melanogaster. Akhter, S; Akter, S; Alam, R; Amin, MZ; Hossain, MW; Kabir, MM; Karpiński, TM; Noman, MAA; Rahman, MM; Syfuddin, HM; Uddin, MJ, 2022)	0.72
" Besides enhancing the therapeutic efficacy, this has also been proven to reduce the dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs used, and hence overcome multiple drug resistance and minimize treatment side effects."	( The Potential of Plant-Derived Extracts and Compounds to Augment Anticancer Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs. Affendi, MM; Chong, PP; Lee, SH; Ng, CX, 2022)	0.72
" Curcumin was dosed as lecithin-formulated tablet; 200 mg twice daily."	( The effect of curcumin on hepatic fat content in individuals with obesity. Bagger, JI; Carlander, KR; Chabanova, E; Forman, J; Gillum, MP; Hellmann, PH; Holst, JJ; Knop, FK; Svenningsen, JS; Vilsbøll, T, 2022)	1.99
" Dosage of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase), macro and microscopic evaluation of the colon tissue were analyzed."	( Treatment of colitis by oral negatively charged nanostructured curcumin in rats. Azevedo, ÍM; Celani, LMS; Dourado, D; Egito, EST; Medeiros, AC; Oliveira, CN, 2022)	0.96
" The onset of analgesia was measured from the time of dosage and censored at 6 hours of postdose."	( Fast pain relief in exercise-induced acute musculoskeletal pain by turmeric-boswellia formulation: A randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded multicentre study. Basu, I; Gupta, A; Kumar Kare, S; Murthy, M; Rudrappa, GH; Saklecha, S, 2022)	0.72
" In short, the fluorescent drug molecule synthesized in this article has great reference value for the development of new dosage forms of curcumin."	( Bioactivity and Cell Imaging of Antitumor Fluorescent Agents (Curcumin Derivatives) Coated by Two-Way Embedded Cyclodextrin Strategy. Hu, K; Jin, G; Lian, G; Liu, Y; Lu, C; Zhou, M, 2022)	1.16
" The combinational use of agents to achieve a synergistic antimicrobial effect provides many advantages such as dosage reduction, shortened treatment time, and avoidance of antimicrobial resistance."	( Whole transcriptome sequencing analysis of synergistic combinations of plant-based antimicrobials and zinc oxide nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni. Feng, J; Hakeem, MJ; Lu, X; Ma, L, 2023)	0.91
" However, their poor water solubility, high dosage of curative effect and significant toxicity to other organs have largely limited their clinical translations."	( Facile synthesis of curcumin-containing poly(amidoamine) dendrimers as pH-responsive delivery system for osteoporosis treatment. Hu, X; Kuang, Z; Lai, Q; Luo, P; Wei, Y; Yang, X; Zhang, B; Zhang, X, 2023)	1.23
" Curcumin dosed at 180 mg/day was given orally to both groups."	( Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin with and without Strengthening Exercises in Improving Rheumatoid Arthritis. Khan, IA; Khan, MK; Liaquat, A, 2022)	1.93
" It shows that at an oral dosage of 100 mg/kg body weight, MCC might provide gastroprotection (b."	( Investigation of antioxidant, anti-ulcer, and analgesic potential of a metal-curcumin complex. Joshi, A; Kandipati, D; Lasnapure, B; Lehene, S; Panchal, P; Pawar, S, 2023)	1.14
" Challenges remain in distinguishing curcumin-labeled Aβ from background fluorescence and standardization of dosing and quantification methods."	( Imaging Amyloid and Tau in the Retina: Current Research and Future Directions. Blazes, MS; Lee, CS; Tang, MY, 2023)	1.18
" This review discusses the strategies utilized in designing and developing an oral colonic delivery dosage form of curcumin."	( A review on curcumin colon-targeted oral drug delivery systems for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Abbaspour, M; Akhgari, A; Sahebkar, A; Sardou, HS; Sathyapalan, T; Vosough, PR, 2023)	1.5
" Still, no uniform dose can be advised because long-duration, large-scale randomized trials using defined dosing are needed in different subsets of SLE, including lupus nephritis patients."	( The impact of curcumin supplementation on systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: A systematic review. Borad, A; Ramessar, N; Schlesinger, N, 2023)	1.27
" This review explores the use of various polyphenols outlined in primary studies, underlines the pathways involved in apoptotic activity, and discusses the dosage and delivery of these polyphenols."	( Potential Treatment Options for Neuroblastoma with Polyphenols through Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Mechanisms. Al-Janahi, R; Büsselberg, D; Ibrahim, RS; Kafoud, A; Kubatka, P; Mazurakova, A; Salahuddin, Z, 2023)	0.91
" Additionally, a nanocrystal dosage form was prepared to enable comparison with the liposomes based on their ability to disperse curcumin effectively."	( Therapeutic effects of curcumin liposomes and nanocrystals on inflammatory osteolysis: In vitro and in vivo comparative study. Chen, J; Cheng, T; Hao, L; Huang, S; Jia, Y; Xu, D; Zhang, L; Zhang, X, 2023)	1.43
" Non-linear dose-response analysis was carried out to detect the potential effect of dosage and duration."	( Effects of curcumin/turmeric supplementation on liver function in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Amini, MR; Askarpour, M; Dehzad, MJ; Ghalandari, H, 2023)	1.3
" The study concluded that curcumin-loaded chitosan and STPP NPs formulated successfully by the Ionic gelation method, which increased curcumin absorption leading to a reduced dosing rate and improved patient compliance."	( Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Ahmad, K; Ansari, KA; Asif, HM; Ghaffar, S; Iqbal, A; Rana, S; Shaheen, G; Zafar, F; Zahid, R, 2023)	1.43
" Curcumin is a phytochemical, which induces autophagy with a wide dose-response curve, which brings minimal side effects."	( Curcumin as a Perspective Protection for Retinal Pigment Epithelium during Autophagy Inhibition in the Course of Retinal Degeneration. Biagioni, F; Bumah, V; Ferrucci, M; Fornai, F; Pinelli, R; Puglisi-Allegra, S; Scaffidi, E, 2023)	3.26
" The inherent problem associated with light-based 3D printing (from a biomedical perspective) is that of light scattering causing inaccurate and defective prints which results in erroneous drug loading in 3D printed dosage forms and can also render the environment of the polymers toxic for the biological cells and tissues."	( Curcumin nanoparticles as a multipurpose additive to achieve high-fidelity SLA-3D printing and controlled delivery. Banerjee, S; Choudhury, D; Karanwad, T; Mohapatra, P; Murty, US; Sharma, PK, 2023)	2.35