ganciclovir profile

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	135398740
CHEMBL ID	182
CHEBI ID	465284
SCHEMBL ID	3033
SCHEMBL ID	14491348
MeSH ID	M0024168

Synonym
BIDD:GT0783
MLS001077349
smr000058324
MLS000028481 ,
virgan
citovirax
vitrasert
bw-795
2'-ndg
cymevene
biolf-62
cymevan
st-605
zirgan
cymeven
bw-759u
PDSP2_000803
PDSP1_000816
gcv & 1110u81
2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine
EU-0100539
ganciclovir, >=99% (hplc), powder
gcv & msl
guanine, 9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)- and msl, neutralizing monoclonal antibody
BPBIO1_000877
PRESTWICK2_000839
LOPAC0_000539
6h-purin-6-one, 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-
hydroxyacyclovir
9-((1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl)guanine
biolf 62
2-amino-1,9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-6-h-purin-6-one
drg-0018
bw-b 759u
ccris 9212
bw 759
hhemg
hsdb 6512
c9h13n5o4
ganciclovirum [latin]
PRESTWICK_1068
NCGC00015471-02
cas-82410-32-0
NCGC00015471-01
lopac-g-2536
BSPBIO_000797
PRESTWICK3_000839
SMP2_000038
C07019
ganciclovir ,
82410-32-0
mb3795
guanine, 9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-
2-amino-9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]-1h-purin-6-one
bw 759u
cytovene
gcv ,
rs-21592
gancyclovir
9-(1,3-dihydroxy-propoxymethane)guanine
9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)guanine
2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-9h-purin-6-ol
2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-3h-purin-6(9h)-one
2-amino-9-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethoxymethyl)-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-one
2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-1h-purin-6(9h)-one
DB01004
2-(6-amino-purin-9-ylmethoxy)-propane-1,3-diol
2-amino-9-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethoxymethyl)-6,9-dihydro-1h-6-purinone
cytovene (tn)
D00333
vitrasert (tn)
ganciclovir (jan/usp/inn)
zirgan (tn)
9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine
SPBIO_002718
PRESTWICK1_000839
PRESTWICK0_000839
NCGC00093928-02
NCGC00168567-01
NCGC00093928-01
2-amino-9-{[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-1,9-dihydro-6h-purin-6-one
NCGC00015471-03
G 2536 ,
HMS2090K08
CHEBI:465284 ,
ganciclovirum
NCGC00015471-06
CHEMBL182
nsc-759656
valganciclovir hydrochloride impurity a
FT-0668948
HMS1570H19
2-amino-9-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxymethyl)-3h-purin-6-one
A840322
AKOS004119898
NCGC00188980-01
HMS3261L19
HMS3259B13
HMS2097H19
EN300-49857
ganciclovir [usan:usp:inn:ban:jan]
ec 627-054-3
p9g3ckz4p5 ,
nsc 759656
unii-p9g3ckz4p5
2-amino-9-{[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-6,9-dihydro-3h-purin-6-one
pharmakon1600-01502362
nsc759656
tox21_110160
dtxcid6021032
dtxsid8041032 ,
2-amino-9-(((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-1h-purin-6(9h)-one
9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]guanine
G0315
CCG-204629
nsc_3454
cas_82410-32-0
bdbm85707
HMS2235C21
NCGC00015471-05
NCGC00015471-04
FT-0611007
LP00539
ganciclovir [usp monograph]
ganciclovir [ep impurity]
valganciclovir hydrochloride impurity a [usp impurity]
ganciclovir [who-dd]
ganciclovir [mart.]
ganciclovir [orange book]
ganciclovir [inn]
ganciclovir [usan]
ganciclovir [ema epar]
ganciclovir [usp-rs]
ganciclovir [ep monograph]
ganciclovir [jan]
ganciclovir [vandf]
ganciclovir [hsdb]
ganciclovir [mi]
S1878
HMS3371H01
CS-2014
HY-13637
NC00647
9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2propoxymethyl)guanine
9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-guanine
2-(2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-purin-9-yl)methoxy-1,3-propanediol
9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine
IRSCQMHQWWYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SCHEMBL3033
NCGC00015471-08
tox21_110160_1
KS-1065
tox21_500539
NCGC00261224-01
SCHEMBL14491348
2-amino-9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]-3h-purin-6-one
ganciclovir, antibiotic for culture media use only
Q-201148
HMS3604L19
OPERA_ID_284
mfcd00870588
bdbm50237614
2-amino-9-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxymethyl)-1h-purin-6-one
AKOS026749928
sr-01000721941
SR-01000721941-3
AC-8069
SR-01000075894-1
sr-01000075894
2-amino-9-(((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,9-dihydro-6h-purin-6-one
ganciclovir, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
ganciclovir, 1.0 mg/ml (1% 1m hcl in methanol), certified reference material
HMS3655M18
ganciclovir, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
ganciclovir, pharmaceutical secondary standard; certified reference material
SR-01000075894-4
HMS3714H19
SW197135-3
2-amino-9-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl}-1,9-dihydro-6h-purin-6-one
Q417640
9-[[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propyl)oxy]methyl]guanine
SY027981
Z594284200
2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)
methyl)-1h-purin-6(9h)-one
ganciclovir,(s)
BCP12705
2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-6h-purin-6-one
biolf62
SDCCGSBI-0050522.P002
NCGC00015471-16
2-((6-hydroxy-2-imino-2,3-dihydro-9h-purin-9-yl)methoxy)propane-1,3-diol
A935676
AKOS037492029
2-[(2-amino-6-hydroxypurin-9-yl)methoxy]propane-1,3-diol
ganciclovir 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile:water
BG164496

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Intravitreal 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] guanine (DHPG) has been advocated as an alternative mode of therapy in cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) because of toxic neutropenia which is a complication of systemic intravenous DHPG."	( Ocular toxicity of multiple intravitreal DHPG injections. Fajardo, S; Lee, D; Vinci, V; Yoshizumi, MO, 1990)	0.28
" As no other toxic or infectious insults could clearly be incriminated in these acute, self-limited episodes of hepatic function abnormalities, ganciclovir was most likely responsible for the toxicity observed in this patient."	( Ganciclovir hepatotoxicity. Hammer, SM; Hoffman, S; Sesin, GP; Shea, BF, 1987)	0.27
" The passage of toxic molecules from HSV-tk+ cells to neighboring HSV-tk- cells during GCV therapy is one mechanism that may account for this "bystander" cytotoxicity."	( The extent of heterocellular communication mediated by gap junctions is predictive of bystander tumor cytotoxicity in vitro. Barker, FG; Beyer, EC; Dazin, P; Fick, J; Israel, MA; Westphale, EM, 1995)	0.29
" Diarrhoea and neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 500 x 10(6)/l) were the most frequently reported adverse events in both groups."	( Intravenous versus oral ganciclovir: European/Australian comparative study of efficacy and safety in the prevention of cytomegalovirus retinitis recurrence in patients with AIDS. The Oral Ganciclovir European and Australian Cooperative Study Group. , 1995)	0.29
"Oral ganciclovir offers an effective and safe alternative to intravenous ganciclovir in the maintenance therapy of CMV retinitis."	( Intravenous versus oral ganciclovir: European/Australian comparative study of efficacy and safety in the prevention of cytomegalovirus retinitis recurrence in patients with AIDS. The Oral Ganciclovir European and Australian Cooperative Study Group. , 1995)	0.29
" Additionally, stopping and withholding antiviral therapy in a PCR-negative patient is safe and allows reduction of the duration and side effects of antiviral therapy."	( Polymerase chain reaction monitoring reduces the incidence of cytomegalovirus disease and the duration and side effects of antiviral therapy after bone marrow transplantation. Ehninger, G; Einsele, H; Hebart, H; Herter, M; Jahn, G; Klingebiel, T; Löffler, J; Mackes, P; Müller, CA; Schuler, U; Wagner, S; Wittkowski, KM, 1995)	0.29
" Serious adverse events were uncommon."	( Pharmacokinetic, safety, and antiviral profiles of oral ganciclovir in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a phase I/II study. AIDS Clinical Trials Group, and Cytomegalovirus Cooperative Study Group. Busch, DF; Connor, JD; Follansbee, S; Jacobson, MA; Jung, D; Lalezari, JP; Mastre, B; Shadman, A; Spector, SA; Squires, K, 1995)	0.29
" This study compared the morbidity and toxic reactions reported during the trial."	( Morbidity and toxic effects associated with ganciclovir or foscarnet therapy in a randomized cytomegalovirus retinitis trial. Studies of ocular complications of AIDS Research Group, in collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. , 1995)	0.29
"001), and most of this excess was attributable to toxic reactions."	( Morbidity and toxic effects associated with ganciclovir or foscarnet therapy in a randomized cytomegalovirus retinitis trial. Studies of ocular complications of AIDS Research Group, in collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. , 1995)	0.29
"Compared with ganciclovir, the use of foscarnet was more frequently limited by the occurrence of toxic reactions."	( Morbidity and toxic effects associated with ganciclovir or foscarnet therapy in a randomized cytomegalovirus retinitis trial. Studies of ocular complications of AIDS Research Group, in collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. , 1995)	0.29
" Their adverse effects mostly involve bone marrow depression (e."	( Adverse effects and drug interactions of clinical importance with antiviral drugs. Morris, DJ, 1994)	0.29
" A wide spectrum of potential adverse effects may, however, be associated with the application of this approach to treat brain tumors, including dissemination of the retroviral vector to nontumoral tissues within or outside the central nervous system, proliferation of the injected murine vector-producer cells at the injection site, immune-mediated responses to the implantation of xenogeneic cells, and damage to the brain from toxic by-products of the HSVtk-ganciclovir interaction."	( Toxicity studies of retroviral-mediated gene transfer for the treatment of brain tumors. Blaese, RM; Culver, KW; Frank, JA; Oldfield, EH; Ram, Z; Walbridge, S, 1993)	0.29
" Since our results indicate that the Ad-HSV-tk/GCV approach is toxic for the resting liver, additional safety features such as tumor-restricted transgene expression should be included in adenoviral vectors."	( Liver-associated toxicity of the HSV-tk/GCV approach and adenoviral vectors. Arnold, W; Bartels, T; Brand, K; Dörken, B; Kay, MA; Lieber, A; Strauss, M, )	0.13
" Whether this "Good Samaritan" effect improves the overall efficacy of gene therapy, by prolonging the survival of the source of toxic metabolites, or decreases effectiveness by increasing the survival of transduced cells will need to be determined in vivo."	( Protection of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-transduced cells from ganciclovir-mediated cytotoxicity by bystander cells: the Good Samaritan effect. Davis, MA; Lawrence, TS; Rehemtulla, A; Trosko, JE; Wilson, MR; Wygoda, MR, 1997)	0.3
"Based on these results, the direct delivery of adenovirus-tk followed by ganciclovir administration appears both efficacious and safe in an animal model."	( Safety of in vivo adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase treatment of oral cancer. Duan, L; Li, D; O'Malley, BW; Sewell, DA; Westra, WH, 1997)	0.3
"Oral ganciclovir is a safe and effective method for the prevention of CMV disease after orthotopic liver transplantation."	( Randomised trial of efficacy and safety of oral ganciclovir in the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in liver-transplant recipients. The Oral Ganciclovir International Transplantation Study Group [corrected]. Gane, E; Lyman, S; O'Grady, J; Pescovitz, MD; Robinson, CA; Saliba, F; Valdecasas, GJ, 1997)	0.3
" Dosage reduction for both agents and increased monitoring should occur when renal dysfunction is present, to minimize the risk of neurotoxicity and other serious adverse effects."	( Acyclovir- and ganciclovir-induced neurotoxicity. Ernst, ME; Franey, RJ, 1998)	0.3
" Moreover, the CEA promoter is a safe and efficient tool for tumor cell-specific expression of suicide genes in the liver."	( Tumor cell-specific transgene expression prevents liver toxicity of the adeno-HSVtk/GCV approach. Arnold, W; Bartels, T; Brand, K; Löser, P; Strauss, M, 1998)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined and adverse events recorded for each treatment."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hunter, J; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
" Toxic events were recorded in 16 of 29 patients (55."	( Suicide gene therapy toxicity after multiple and repeat injections in patients with localized prostate cancer. Adler, HL; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Butler, EB; Herman, JR; Kadmon, D; Miles, BJ; Scardino, PT; Shalev, M; Teh, BS; Thompson, TC, 2000)	0.31
"Direct injection into the prostate of a replication defective adenovirus containing the HSV-tk gene followed by intravenous ganciclovir is safe even in repeat cycles."	( Suicide gene therapy toxicity after multiple and repeat injections in patients with localized prostate cancer. Adler, HL; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Butler, EB; Herman, JR; Kadmon, D; Miles, BJ; Scardino, PT; Shalev, M; Teh, BS; Thompson, TC, 2000)	0.31
"1) was highly toxic for 9L cells in culture while a vector deleted in addition for the ICP22 and ICP27 IE genes (T."	( HSV vector cytotoxicity is inversely correlated with effective TK/GCV suicide gene therapy of rat gliosarcoma. Cohen, JB; Glorioso, JC; Krisky, DM; Marconi, PC; Moriuchi, S; Shimizu, K; Tamura, M; Yoshimine, T, 2000)	0.31
" All doses (10-50 mg/kg/8 h) studied were safe and, except for the volume of suspension or number of pills, were well tolerated."	( Oral ganciclovir in children: pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerance, and antiviral effects. The Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Ballow, A; Borkowsky, W; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Culnane, M; Dankner, WM; Frenkel, LM; Goldsmith, J; Kovacs, A; McFarland, EJ; Melvin, AJ; Mohan, KM; Petru, A; Read, JS; Robinson, CA; Shaver, A; Smith, IL; Spector, SA; Stempien, MJ; Thompson, M; Xu, J; Yogev, R, 2000)	0.31
" One case suffered from transient deterioration of left hemiparesis on the 34th day, which could be considered a probably-related but not adverse event."	( [The biosafety of the HSV-TK/GCV gene therapy in five cases of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme]. Adachi, N; Frei, K; Könü, DL; Yonekawa, Y, 2000)	0.31
" To develop a safe method to target gene delivery into intraperitoneal tumors, we have examined the toxicity of intraperitoneal (i."	( Murine retroviral vector producer cells survival and toxicity in the peritoneal cavity of dogs. Ackerman, M; Levy, JP; Link, CJ; Moorman, DW; Seregina, T, )	0.13
"To develop a safe method to target gene delivery into intrahepatic tumors, we examined the toxicity of intrahepatic (IH) injection of retroviral vector producer cells (VPC) into the canine liver."	( Murine retroviral vector producer cells survival and toxicity in the dog liver. Ackermann, M; Levy, JP; Link, CJ; Martin, M; Moorman, DW; Seregina, T, )	0.13
"Introduction of the herpes simplex type I thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene into tumor tissue, followed by ganciclovir, initiates a phosphorylation cascade that induces formation of a toxic ganciclovir triphosphate."	( Toxicity assessment of intratumoral injection of the herpes simplex type I thymidine kinase gene delivered by retrovirus in patients with refractory cancer. Buchanan, A; Cunningham, C; Jolly, DJ; Nemunaitis, J; Singh, S, 2001)	0.31
" Serum protected the cells from the toxic effects of the drugs."	( Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of selected systemic and intravitreally dosed drugs in the cultures of human retinal pigment epithelial cell line and of pig primary retinal pigment epithelial cells. Diehl, H; Engelke, M; Huhtala, A; Mäenpää, H; Mannerström, M; Mäntylä, E; Mäntylä, M; Marselos, M; Pappas, P; Salminen, L; Tähti, H; Toimela, T; Uusitalo, H; Zorn-Kruppa, M, 2002)	0.31
" After a median treatment duration of 372 days, the adverse event profile was similar to that reported for intravenous (IV) and oral ganciclovir."	( A safety study of oral valganciclovir maintenance treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Buhles, W; Fisher, M; Friedberg, D; Kuppermann, B; Lalezari, J; Lalonde, R; Lindley, J; Matheron, S; Nieto, L; Stempien, MJ; Sutton, MA; Torriani, FJ; Van Syoc, R; Walmsley, S, 2002)	0.31
" In order to assess the value of suicidal gene therapy on human prostate carcinoma, the authors studied the toxic effects of HSV-TK gene and CD-TK fusion gene systems on prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3m."	( [Toxic effects of HSV-TK and CD-TK suicidal gene systems on prostate carcinoma cells]. Liu, CS; Ma, DX; Xu, CX; Xu, ZS; Zhang, DQ; Zhang, HQ, 2003)	0.32
" The toxic effects of GCV, 5-FC, and both of them on transfected PC-3m cells were explored by MTT assay; non-transfected PC-3m cells were used as control."	( [Toxic effects of HSV-TK and CD-TK suicidal gene systems on prostate carcinoma cells]. Liu, CS; Ma, DX; Xu, CX; Xu, ZS; Zhang, DQ; Zhang, HQ, 2003)	0.32
"CD-TK fusion suicidal gene system has significant toxic effect on PC-3m cells in vitro, which was superior to HSV-TK alone gene system."	( [Toxic effects of HSV-TK and CD-TK suicidal gene systems on prostate carcinoma cells]. Liu, CS; Ma, DX; Xu, CX; Xu, ZS; Zhang, DQ; Zhang, HQ, 2003)	0.32
" In the present study, we adopted this approach for the treatment of human glioblastoma xenografts in an athymic mouse model and assessed treatment results as well as toxic side effects."	( The combination of adenoviral HSV TK gene therapy and radiation is effective in athymic mouse glioblastoma xenografts without increasing toxic side effects. Aguilar, LK; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Chakravarti, A; Chiocca, EA; Hochberg, FH; Muzikansky, A; Nestler, U; Siller-Lopez, F; Stemmer-Rachamimov, A; Wakimoto, H, )	0.13
"We conclude that adenoviral HSV TK gene therapy in combination with adjuvant radiotherapy does not generate increased toxic side effects in glioblastoma treatment."	( The combination of adenoviral HSV TK gene therapy and radiation is effective in athymic mouse glioblastoma xenografts without increasing toxic side effects. Aguilar, LK; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Chakravarti, A; Chiocca, EA; Hochberg, FH; Muzikansky, A; Nestler, U; Siller-Lopez, F; Stemmer-Rachamimov, A; Wakimoto, H, )	0.13
" GCV and CMV-IVIG, valganciclovir is safe and effective for prevention of CMV infection and disease in at-risk lung transplant recipients."	( Following universal prophylaxis with intravenous ganciclovir and cytomegalovirus immune globulin, valganciclovir is safe and effective for prevention of CMV infection following lung transplantation. Astor, T; Grazia, T; Hodges, TN; Marquesen, J; Nicolls, MR; Weill, D; Zamora, MR, 2004)	0.32
"Although intravitreal ganciclovir dosages up to 500 microg have been demonstrated to be safe in some studies, other studies have shown toxic retinal effects in rabbit eyes without silicone oil at lower dosages."	( Retinal toxicity of intravitreal ganciclovir in rabbit eyes following vitrectomy and insertion of silicone oil. Eng, KT; Lam, WC; Parker, JA; Yücel, YH, 2004)	0.32
"1 mL appear to be safe for serial intravitreal injection in rabbit eyes following vitrectomy and silicone oil insertion."	( Retinal toxicity of intravitreal ganciclovir in rabbit eyes following vitrectomy and insertion of silicone oil. Eng, KT; Lam, WC; Parker, JA; Yücel, YH, 2004)	0.32
"Data collected from renal transplant recipients were demographics, immunosuppressive and antiviral drug therapy, and occurrence of CMV disease, acute rejection, allograft loss, and hematologic adverse events."	( Efficacy and safety of low-dose valganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients: a single-center, retrospective analysis. Baroletti, SA; Chandraker, AK; Cina, JL; Gabardi, S; Magee, CC; Powelson, JA, 2004)	0.32
" Despite the low dosage of valganciclovir, hematologic adverse events were common."	( Efficacy and safety of low-dose valganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients: a single-center, retrospective analysis. Baroletti, SA; Chandraker, AK; Cina, JL; Gabardi, S; Magee, CC; Powelson, JA, 2004)	0.32
" We conclude delaying pre-emptive therapy with ODG until whole blood QPCR> or =10 000 copies/ml is a safe and effective strategy for CMV viremia after allogeneic stem cell transplant in clinically stable patients."	( Once daily ganciclovir as initial pre-emptive therapy delayed until threshold CMV load > or =10000 copies/ml: a safe and effective strategy for allogeneic stem cell transplant patients. Devine, SM; Dipersio, JF; Storch, GA; Verkruyse, LA; Vij, R, 2006)	0.33
" Thus, the adverse effects seemed related to an overdosage of valganciclovir and were worsened by the addition of acyclovir."	( Neurotoxicity related to valganciclovir in a child with impaired renal function: usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring. Benketira, A; Blayac, JP; Cociglio, M; Hansel, S; Hillaire-Buys, D; Jalabert, A; Jeziorsky, E; Margueritte, G; Peyrière, H, 2006)	0.33
" A study should be performed to determine the proper pediatric dose of valganciclovir with and without renal impairment to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects."	( Neurotoxicity related to valganciclovir in a child with impaired renal function: usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring. Benketira, A; Blayac, JP; Cociglio, M; Hansel, S; Hillaire-Buys, D; Jalabert, A; Jeziorsky, E; Margueritte, G; Peyrière, H, 2006)	0.33
" Preemptive VGCV therapy is safe and effective in the prevention of CMV disease in seropositive solid organ transplant recipients."	( Efficacy and safety of valgancyclovir as preemptive therapy for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Aguado, JM; Andrés, A; Del Valle, P; Delgado, J; Díaz-Pedroche, C; Folgueira, D; Hernando, S; Lumbreras, C; Meneu, JC; Morales, JM; Moreno, E; San Juan, R, 2005)	0.33
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)	0.32
" Pre-emptive therapy of CMV infection with oral VGC is safe and effective in allogeneic HSCT recipients."	( Valganciclovir is safe and effective as pre-emptive therapy for CMV infection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ayala, E; Field, T; Fields, KK; Goldstein, S; Greene, J; Perkins, J; Sandin, R; Tate, C, 2006)	0.33
"Treatment with VCV suspension provides precise dosage and seems to be safe in patient with low body weight."	( [Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety of valganciclovir oral suspension treatment in pediatric kidney graft recipients--preliminary report]. Grenda, R; Kozłowski, K; Prokurat, S; Rubik, J, 2006)	0.33
"Our data indicate that suicidal cancer vaccine is an effective and safe therapy for ovarian carcinoma and may serve as a broadly applicable approach for other cancer vaccines in the future."	( [Suicidal cancer vaccine enhances anti-tumor immunotherapeutic effect and its safety in the treatment of ovarian cancer]. Gu, JR; Kang, Y; Liu, XS; Luo, JM; Ou, ZL; Shao, ZM; Wu, CQ; Xu, CJ; Zhong, CP, 2006)	0.33
" Using a newly developed nonradioactive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method to separate and quantify the phosphorylated forms of ganciclovir and azidothymidine, we found that PEL cells exposed to hypoxia produced increased amounts of the toxic triphosphates of these drugs."	( Hypoxia enhances the phosphorylation and cytotoxicity of ganciclovir and zidovudine in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infected cells. Davis, DA; Haque, M; Reynolds, IP; Singer, KE; Yarchoan, R, 2007)	0.34
"Intracerebral injection of Cerepro is safe and produces a high level of transgene expression in the brain, with limited biodistribution."	( A preclinical assessment of the safety and biodistribution of an adenoviral vector containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (Cerepro) after intracerebral administration. Dayan, A; Eckland, D; Langford, G; Yla-Herttuala, S, 2009)	0.35
" We hypothesized that valganciclovir may not be as safe as nor more effective than other therapies for CMV prevention."	( Valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus prevention in solid organ transplant patients: an evidence-based reassessment of safety and efficacy. Freifeld, AG; Kalil, AC; Lyden, ER; Stoner, JA, 2009)	0.35
" High levels (20 mg/l) of ganciclovir were not more toxic than lowest levels (1 mg/l) for the shortest durations of ganciclovir exposure (1 and 2 days)."	( Effect of duration and intensity of ganciclovir exposure on lymphoblastoid cell toxicity. Aulagner, G; Bertrand, Y; Bleyzac, N; Janoly-Dumenil, A; Rouvet, I; Zabot, MT, 2009)	0.35
" We found that vGCV 900 mg, adapted to renal function, was effective and safe for long CMV prophylaxis together with efficient exposure in thoracic transplantation."	( Valganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection in thoracic transplant patients: retrospective study of efficacy, safety, and drug exposure. Amrein, C; Benammar, M; Billaud, EM; Boussaud, V; Charpentier, C; Chevalier, P; Guillemain, R; Havard, L; Lefeuvre, S; Lillo-Le Louët, A; Zekkour, R, 2010)	0.36
" Adverse events occurred at similar rates between the groups and the majority were rated mild-to-moderate in intensity and not related to study medication."	( The efficacy and safety of 200 days valganciclovir cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in high-risk kidney transplant recipients. Abramowicz, D; Blumberg, EA; Hauser, IA; Humar, A; Ives, J; Jardine, AG; Lebranchu, Y; Limaye, AP; Peeters, P; Punch, JD; Vincenti, F; Voulgari, AT, 2010)	0.36
" As in adults, valganciclovir appears to be as efficacious and safe as oral ganciclovir."	( The efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir in the prevention of symptomatic CMV infection in children after solid organ transplantation. Amir, J; Avitzur, Y; Davidovits, M; Lapidus-Krol, E; Mor, E; Shapiro, R; Steinberg, R, 2010)	0.36
" Therefore, GMA might be a safe and effective treatment for UC patients positive for CMV because it does not induce CMV reactivation."	( Effect and safety of granulocyte-monocyte adsorption apheresis for patients with ulcerative colitis positive for cytomegalovirus in comparison with immunosuppressants. Chiba, T; Fukuchi, T; Fukunaga, K; Honzawa, Y; Matsumoto, T; Matsumura, K; Matsuura, M; Murano, M; Nakase, H; Tsujikawa, T; Watanabe, K; Yoshino, T, 2011)	0.37
"Extending valganciclovir prophylaxis to 12 months provides a durable long-term CMV protective benefit compared with short-course therapy, without increasing adverse hematologic effects."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of 12 months of valganciclovir prophylaxis compared with 3 months after lung transplantation: a single-center, long-term follow-up analysis from a randomized, controlled cytomegalovirus prevention trial. Avery, R; Banks, M; Davis, RD; Davis, WA; Finlen Copeland, CA; Palmer, SM; Snyder, LD, 2011)	0.37
" Ganciclovir had very little toxic and antiviral effect, even at 20 mg liter(-1), when the duration of exposure was ≤ 7 days."	( A pharmacodynamic model of ganciclovir antiviral effect and toxicity for lymphoblastoid cells suggests a new dosing regimen to treat cytomegalovirus infection. Bleyzac, N; Janoly-Dumenil, A; Morfin, F; Rouvet, I; Tod, M; Zabot, MT, 2012)	0.38
" Worldwide safety surveillance data collected over the past 10-15 years in over 30 countries suggests an extremely low rate of spontaneously reported adverse events with ganciclovir ophthalmic gel."	( Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel 0.15%: safety and efficacy of a new treatment for herpes simplex keratitis. Haw, WH; Kaufman, HE, 2012)	0.38
" Maribavir was well-tolerated and associated with fewer hematological adverse events than oral ganciclovir."	( Efficacy and safety of maribavir dosed at 100 mg orally twice daily for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter controlled trial. Abouljoud, M; Avery, R; Blumberg, E; Chen, H; Clough, L; Ericzon, BG; Garcia-Diaz, JB; Goss, JA; Limaye, AP; Navasa, M; Saliba, F; Troisi, RI; Uknis, ME; Villano, SA; Winston, DJ, 2012)	0.38
" The higher risk of leucopenia in the 200 days than 100 days group was the only one adverse event that met statistical significance."	( [Clinical efficacy and safety of prolonged use of the valganciclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in patients after kidney transplantation]. Kawalec, P; Kaweczyńska-Lasoń, A; Maks, J; Paszulewicz, A; Pilc, A; Szkultecka-Debek, M, 2013)	0.39
"Prolonged prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus till 200 days in high-risk patients (D+/B-) is safe and provides significant therapeutic benefits."	( [Clinical efficacy and safety of prolonged use of the valganciclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in patients after kidney transplantation]. Kawalec, P; Kaweczyńska-Lasoń, A; Maks, J; Paszulewicz, A; Pilc, A; Szkultecka-Debek, M, 2013)	0.39
" Five patients with PACT experienced severe drug-related adverse events."	( Assessment of the efficacy and safety of pre-emptive anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) therapy in HIV-infected patients with CMV viraemia. De Castro, N; Denis, B; Mattioni, S; Molina, JM; Pavie, J; Porcher, R; Scieux, C; Simon, F, 2015)	0.42
"We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the optimal dose of VGCV as pre-emptive therapy for preventing CMV infection by comparing the frequency of adverse events (AEs) and clinical efficacy in a low-dose VGCV group with those in a standard-dose VGCV group."	( Occurrence of adverse events caused by valganciclovir as pre-emptive therapy for cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is reduced by low-dose administration. Endo, T; Fujimoto, K; Hashino, S; Imamura, M; Kondo, T; Nishio, M; Onozawa, M; Shigematsu, A; Sugita, J; Takahata, M; Tanaka, J; Teshima, T, 2015)	0.42
" However, neutropenia is a frequent associated adverse effect leading to a decrease in the ganciclovir dose or discontinuation of the therapy, thereby favouring viral resistance."	( Plasma and intracellular exposure to ganciclovir in adult renal transplant recipients: is there an association with haematological toxicity? Alain, S; Billat, PA; Essig, M; Marquet, P; Neely, M; Picard, N; Saint-Marcoux, F; Sauvage, FL; Woillard, JB, 2016)	0.43
" We evaluated the safety and tolerability of ATII-cell transplantation by assessing the emergent adverse side effects that appeared within 12 months."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)	0.43
"No significant adverse events were associated with the ATII-cell intratracheal transplantation."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)	0.43
"Our results support the hypothesis that ATII-cell intratracheal transplantation is safe and well tolerated in patients with IPF."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)	0.43
" The data revealed a highly safe profile surrounding these human-equivalent doses of DOX under an identical therapeutic window as proposed in the clinical trial."	( Preclinical Efficacy and Safety Profile of Allometrically Scaled Doses of Doxycycline Used to Turn "On" Therapeutic Transgene Expression from High-Capacity Adenoviral Vectors in a Glioma Model. Appelman, H; Castro, MG; Dzaman, M; Lowenstein, PR; Ng, P; Palmer, D; Raja, N; VanderVeen, N; Yi, E; Zamler, D, 2016)	0.43
"Results of this study support the safe intratympanic use of higher concentrations of antivirals when combined with DXA, both in solution and when applied via PPP hydrogel."	( Combination therapies using an intratympanic polymer gel delivery system in the guinea pig animal model: A safety study. Choo, DI; Nassar, M; Pordal, A; Quimby, C; Sidell, D; Ward, JA, 2016)	0.43
" However, it was raised whether the BF-mediated recombinant thymidine kinase combined with ganciclovir (BF-rTK/GCV) was safe to administer via venous for cancer gene therapy."	( Intravenous Administration Is an Effective and Safe Route for Cancer Gene Therapy Using the Bifidobacterium-Mediated Recombinant HSV-1 Thymidine Kinase and Ganciclovir. He, Z; Liu, C; Liu, L; Ma, Y; Song, F; Wang, C; Xie, T; Zhou, H, 2016)	0.43
"Many adverse drug reactions are caused by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent activation of drugs into reactive metabolites."	( Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships. Jones, LH; Nadanaciva, S; Rana, P; Will, Y, 2016)	0.43
"The rates of graft loss, patient survival, T-cell and/or antibody-mediated rejection, hematological adverse events, opportunistic infections, and early VGCV discontinuation were evaluated."	( Multicenter evaluation of efficacy and safety of low-dose versus high-dose valganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in donor and recipient positive (D+/R+) renal transplant recipients. Cross, RP; DePiero, KA; Dick, TB; Ferguson, K; Gabardi, S; Heldenbrand, S; Kim, M; Li, C; Newkirk, E; Park, JM; Sudaria-Kerr, J; Tichy, EM; Ueda, KR; Weng, R; Wisniewski, J, 2016)	0.43
"Although mortality was high in this population, foscarnet use, with proper precautions, was generally safe and significant renal dysfunction was lower than previously reported in other sources, even with extended use."	( Safety and efficacy of foscarnet for the management of ganciclovir-resistant or refractory cytomegalovirus infections: A single-center study. Allen, A; Ison, MG; Lacloche, L; Pierce, B; Richardson, CL, 2018)	0.48
" In terms of safety, letermovir was at least similar in comparison with placebo and most agents while both letermovir and acyclovir showed significantly reduced risk for serious adverse events compared with ganciclovir, with RRs of ."	( Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Different Antiviral Agents for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gagelmann, N; Kröger, N; Ljungman, P; Styczynski, J, 2018)	0.48
" However, the toxic effects of HSV‑TK/GCV on retinoblastoma cells remain unknown, and the molecular mechanisms of its therapeutic effects have not been fully elucidated."	( HSV‑TK/GCV can induce cytotoxicity of retinoblastoma cells through autophagy inhibition by activating MAPK/ERK. Bai, ZS; Cai, B; Chen, LS; Chen, N; Mao, JH; Yi, QY; Yuan, T, 2018)	0.48
" Our knowledge of human genomic safe harbors (GSHs) is still insufficient, making it difficult to predict the influence of gene integration on nearby genes."	( Human Genomic Safe Harbors and the Suicide Gene-Based Safeguard System for iPSC-Based Cell Therapy. Higuchi, Y; Kanematsu, D; Kanemura, Y; Katsuma, A; Kimura, Y; Mochizuki, H; Nagamori, I; Nakamori, M; Nakano, T; Oda, M; Onodera, M; Shofuda, T; Suemizu, H; Yamamoto, A, 2019)	0.51
"Ganciclovir eye drops seem to be safe and penetrate the corneal endothelium."	( Stability, safety, and pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir eye drops prepared from ganciclovir for intravenous infusion. Fukui, Y; Koizumi, N; Okumura, N; Tanaka, T, 2019)	0.51
"Investigation of the occurrence time of adverse drug reactions helps to prevent the development and aggravation of adverse reactions, but the expression time of ganciclovir-induced adverse events has not been elucidated."	( Evaluation of the Expression Time of Ganciclovir-Induced Adverse Events Using JADER and FAERS. Ando, G; Enoki, Y; Kizu, J; Matsumoto, K; Taguchi, K; Yokoyama, Y, 2019)	0.51
"Delayed diarrhea is a common side effect of irinotecan administration, leading to a reduction in dose and thus a delay in anticancer therapy."	( Ganciclovir reduces irinotecan-induced intestinal toxicity by inhibiting NLRP3 activation. Huang, H; Jiang, W; Jinbo, M; Wang, H; Wang, X; Yu, P; Zhang, G; Zhang, X, 2020)	0.56
" We analyzed the impact of the patient's BW on the effectiveness and adverse events (AEs) of VGCV."	( Impact of the patient's body weight on the efficacy and adverse events of valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Akahoshi, Y; Gomyo, A; Kako, S; Kameda, K; Kanda, Y; Kawamura, K; Kawamura, M; Kawamura, S; Kimura, SI; Kusuda, M; Matsumi, S; Misaki, Y; Nakasone, H; Sato, M; Takeshita, J; Tamaki, M; Tanihara, A; Terasako-Saito, K; Wada, H; Yoshimura, K; Yoshino, N, 2020)	0.56
" CMV DNA copy number, maximum plasma VGCV concentration (Cmax), and adverse events (ADEs) during treatment were evaluated."	( Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of oral valganciclovir in patients with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Abe, T; Adachi, N; Arai, T; Asanuma, S; Furuichi, M; Kawano, Y; Matsumoto, D; Oh-Ishi, T; Sakata, H; Sato, S; Suganuma, E; Takahashi, R; Uejima, Y; Yamamoto, S, 2021)	0.62
" There was no serious medication-related adverse event."	( Efficacy and safety of oral valganciclovir in cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis with uncontrolled intraocular pressure. Chan, CKM; Wong, MOM; Yu, AHY, 2021)	0.62
" It seems that intracerebral administration of bone marrow MSC containing the HSV-TK gene in combination with intravenous ganciclovir would be safe and feasible in the treatment of patients with GBM."	( Intracerebral Administration of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells as HSV-TK Gene Vehicle for Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiform: Safety and Feasibility Assessment. Akhlaghpasand, M; Arefian, E; Golmohammadi, M; Hafizi, M; Jamshidi-Adegani, F; Oraee-Yazdani, M; Oraee-Yazdani, S; Rostami, F; Shokri, G; Soleimani, M; Zali, AR; Zomorrod, MS, 2021)	0.62
" The primary outcome was an incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection, whereas the secondary outcome was a composite of major adverse drug reactions."	( Efficacy and Safety of Antiviral Agents in Preventing Allograft Rejection Following CMV Prophylaxis in High-Risk Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Chaiyakittisopon, K; Ngamprasertchai, T; Phoompoung, P; Ruenroengbun, N; Sapankaew, T, 2022)	0.72
"We explored the adverse drug reaction signals of drug-induced neutropenia (DIN) and drug-induced agranulocytosis (DIA) in hospitalized patients and evaluated the novelty of these correlations."	( Detection of drug safety signal of drug-induced neutropenia and agranulocytosis in all-aged patients using electronic medical records. Liu, A; Sun, C; Xiang, Y; Yuan, Y; Zhao, L, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Individual pharmacokinetic parameters of DHPG were determined and were markedly altered."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in renal transplant children. Brun, P; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Loirat, C; Macher, MA; Sauvageon-Marthe, H, 1992)	0.28
" The development of alternative administration routes is hindered by a lack of pharmacokinetic data."	( Intravitreal ganciclovir pharmacokinetics in rabbits and man. Anand, R; Ashton, P; Blandford, DL; Brown, JD; Nightingale, SD; Pearson, PA; Sanborn, GE; Smith, TJ, 1992)	0.28
" DHPG treatment, adapted to renal function was given for 14 days and a pharmacokinetic study was performed at days 1, 7 and 14."	( [Treatment of cytomegalovirus infections with ganciclovir in kidney transplant recipients. Clinical and pharmacokinetic study]. Farquet, C; Fries, D; Rondeau, E; Sraer, JD, 1991)	0.28
" Similarly, the elimination half-life (t1/2) was increased (6."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in a patient undergoing hemodialysis. Bennett, WM; Munar, MY; Swan, SK; Wigger, MA, 1991)	0.28
" Pharmacokinetic studies in mice and macaques revealed that HOE 602 was converted via three metabolic steps to ganciclovir, which seemed to be the antivirally active compound."	( Antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of HOE 602, an acyclic nucleoside, in animal models. Helsberg, M; Jähne, G; Rösner, M; Scholl, T; Winkelmann, E; Winkler, I, 1990)	0.28
" Biexponential decay of ganciclovir plasma concentration-time and urinary excretion rate-time profiles was observed, with a mean distribution half-life of 15."	( A sensitive and specific liquid-chromatographic assay for determination of ganciclovir in plasma and urine and its application to pharmacokinetic studies in the rabbit. Hedaya, MA; Sawchuk, RJ, 1990)	0.28
" For both regimens, serial blood sampling for pharmacokinetic analysis was performed for each drug alone (day 1 or 2) and after 2 weeks of combination therapy."	( Foscarnet and ganciclovir pharmacokinetics during concomitant or alternating maintenance therapy for AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis. Aweeka, FT; Emrick, L; Gambertoglio, JG; Jacobson, MA; Jayewardene, A; Kramer, F; Lizak, P; Polsky, B; Tong, W; van der Horst, C, 1995)	0.29
" In addition, the effects of a combination of foscarnet and ganciclovir were studied, and a pharmacokinetic study to determine the ocular pharmacokinetics of foscarnet after intravitreal injection was carried out."	( Toxicologic and pharmacokinetic analysis of intravitreal injections of foscarnet, either alone or in combination with ganciclovir. Baudouin, C; Berthe, P; Garraffo, R; Hofmann, P; Lapalus, P; Taburet, AM, 1994)	0.29
"The pharmacokinetic characteristics of ganciclovir were determined in neonates (age range, 2 to 49 days) after an 1-hour intravenous infusion of a single dose of either 4 mg/kg (n = 14) or 6 mg/kg (n = 13)."	( Linear single-dose pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infections. NIAID Collaborative Antiviral Study Group. Dankner, W; Demmler, G; Gruber, W; Jacobs, R; Kidd, L; Pass, R; Stagno, S; Starr, S; Storch, G; Trang, JM, 1993)	0.29
" Samples from the arterial and venous blood lines and from ultrafiltrate were collected to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters, clearance of ultrafiltration, and sieving coefficient."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in heart transplant patients undergoing continuous venovenous hemodialysis. Bastien, O; Bleyzac, N; Boulieu, R, 1993)	0.29
"To delineate the pharmacokinetic profile of the oral capsule formulation of ganciclovir, and determine whether oral ganciclovir has any pharmacokinetics interactions with zidovudine, didanosine or probenecid."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir capsules in HIV-infected persons. Griffy, KG, 1996)	0.29
" From these concentrations, standard pharmacokinetic parameters such as peak concentration, area under the curve (AUC), elimination half-life and renal clearance were determined."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir capsules in HIV-infected persons. Griffy, KG, 1996)	0.29
" There is a potentially important pharmacokinetic interaction between oral ganciclovir and didanosine."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir capsules in HIV-infected persons. Griffy, KG, 1996)	0.29
" Samples from the arterial and venous blood catheters and from the ultradiafiltrate were collected over the next 12 hrs to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters and clearance of hemodiafiltration."	( Pharmacokinetics and clearance of ganciclovir during continuous hemodiafiltration. Gando, S; Hayakawa, T; Kameue, T; Nakanishi, Y; Nanzaki, S, 1998)	0.3
" A multicenter, open-label, randomized, crossover pharmacokinetic study with four phases was undertaken at an outpatient private research center and at university research clinics."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir alone and in combination with zidovudine, didanosine, and probenecid in HIV-infected subjects. Casserella, S; Cimoch, PJ; Griffy, KG; Jung, D; Lavelle, J; Pollard, R; Tarnowski, TL; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
" We undertook a pharmacokinetic study in 14 pediatric renal transplant recipients who were CMV IgG negative and had received a graft from a CMV IgG-positive donor."	( Prophylactic oral ganciclovir after renal transplantation-dosing and pharmacokinetics. Ehrich, JH; Filler, G; Lampe, D; Lappenberg-Pelzer, M; Rocher, S; Strehlau, J; von Bredow, MA, 1998)	0.3
" Single-dose (intravenous and oral) and steady-state oral pharmacokinetic profiles and weekly trough levels were performed."	( A study of the pharmacokinetics, antiviral activity, and tolerability of oral ganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis in marrow transplantation. Boeckh, M; Bowden, RA; Chauncey, TR; Jung, D; Skettino, S; Zaia, JA, 1998)	0.3
" Disappearance of ganciclovir from the plasma was biexponential with a distribution half-life (t(1/2)alpha) of 18+/-7 min and an elimination half-life (t(1/2)beta) of 109+/-7 min."	( Plasma and CSF pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in nonhuman primates. Berg, S; Blaney, SM; Dauser, R; Durfee, J; McGuffey, L; Murry, DJ; Nuchtern, J; Serabe, BM, 1999)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined and adverse events recorded for each treatment."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hunter, J; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
" There were no statistically significant changes in trimethoprim pharmacokinetic parameters in the presence of ganciclovir, with the exception of a 12."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hunter, J; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
"There was no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interaction between oral ganciclovir and trimethoprim when coadministered."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hunter, J; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
"A pharmacokinetic model of intravitreal drug delivery was developed for describing the elimination and distribution of ganciclovir in the eye following intravitreous polymeric delivery."	( A pharmacokinetic model of intravitreal delivery of ganciclovir. Morita, Y; Nakagawa, K; Ohtori, A; Tojo, K, 1999)	0.3
" In the presence of zalcitabine, the only statistically significant change in the pharmacokinetic parameters of ganciclovir was a 22."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir combined with zalcitabine or stavudine in asymptomatic HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
"The study was an open-label, randomised, 4-way crossover, dose-ranging pharmacokinetic study, conducted in 39 patients who were HIV- and CMV-seropositive."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir following multiple oral dosages of valganciclovir in HIV- and CMV-seropositive volunteers. Arum, I; Banken, L; Brown, F; Saywell, K, 1999)	0.3
" An 8 h pharmacokinetic study was performed in 12 CF patients 160 +/- 122 days post-transplant who had been taking 1 g oral ganciclovir tds for 3 days with food (plus normal enzyme supplements)."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of oral ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. Kong, DC; Kotsimbos, TC; Krum, H; Levvey, BJ; Rutherford, DM; Skiba, M; Snell, GI; Williams, TJ, 2000)	0.31
"To perform a detailed pharmacokinetic study and to evaluate the drug levels reached in the retina after the intravitreal administration of ganciclovir and foscarnet to rabbits."	( Intravitreal pharmacokinetics and retinal concentrations of ganciclovir and foscarnet after intravitreal administration in rabbits. Claro-Cala, CM; Cordero, E; López-Cortés, LF; Lucero-Muñoz, MJ; Pastor-Ramos, MT; Ruiz-Valderas, R; Uceda-Montañés, A, 2001)	0.31
" A noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was used."	( Intravitreal pharmacokinetics and retinal concentrations of ganciclovir and foscarnet after intravitreal administration in rabbits. Claro-Cala, CM; Cordero, E; López-Cortés, LF; Lucero-Muñoz, MJ; Pastor-Ramos, MT; Ruiz-Valderas, R; Uceda-Montañés, A, 2001)	0.31
"The results suggest that the intravitreal administration of ganciclovir has a better pharmacokinetic profile than foscarnet for the treatment of retinitis caused by CMV and other herpes viruses and support the administration of intravitreal ganciclovir twice a week as a treatment for CMV retinitis."	( Intravitreal pharmacokinetics and retinal concentrations of ganciclovir and foscarnet after intravitreal administration in rabbits. Claro-Cala, CM; Cordero, E; López-Cortés, LF; Lucero-Muñoz, MJ; Pastor-Ramos, MT; Ruiz-Valderas, R; Uceda-Montañés, A, 2001)	0.31
" To assess the effect of diarrhoea on ganciclovir intestinal absorption, we conducted a pharmacokinetic study in 42 HIV-infected patients categorized into three groups: A, HIV stage A and B (n = 15); B, AIDS stage C (n = 13); C, AIDS with chronic diarrhoea and wasting syndrome (n = 14)."	( Increased oral ganciclovir bioavailability in HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhoea and wasting syndrome--a population pharmacokinetic study. Aymard, G; Bergmann, JF; Caulin, C; Mouly, S; Tillement, JP; Urien, S, 2001)	0.31
" Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed effects modelling program, MP2."	( Increased oral ganciclovir bioavailability in HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhoea and wasting syndrome--a population pharmacokinetic study. Aymard, G; Bergmann, JF; Caulin, C; Mouly, S; Tillement, JP; Urien, S, 2001)	0.31
" Pharmacokinetic analyses have indicated that oral ganciclovir dosing should be adjusted, based on renal function, to achieve adequate drug levels."	( Oral ganciclovir and pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir in liver transplant recipients. Pescovitz, MD, 1999)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic ganciclovir was described with a two-compartment model."	( Ganciclovir pharmacokinetics and cytokine dynamics in renal transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection. DiFrancesco, R; Forrest, A; Garey, KW; Ingalls, E; Morse, G; Murray, B; Reed, K; Saigal, N; Tornatore, KM; Venuto, R, 2001)	0.31
" Furthermore, it is not known whether there are any pharmacokinetic differences between patients who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) and healthy subjects."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in renal impairment. Czock, D; Keller, F; Rasche, FM; Schaarschmidt, D; Scholle, C, 2002)	0.31
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by means of noncompartmental and compartmental methods."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in renal impairment. Czock, D; Keller, F; Rasche, FM; Schaarschmidt, D; Scholle, C, 2002)	0.31
" The elimination half-life (t(1/2)) of ganciclovir was longer in patients with renal failure (t(1/2) of 68."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in renal impairment. Czock, D; Keller, F; Rasche, FM; Schaarschmidt, D; Scholle, C, 2002)	0.31
"To develop and establish a conscious rabbit model for ocular pharmacokinetic studies and to delineate the effects of anesthesia and probe implantation on the ocular disposition of ganciclovir."	( Posterior segment ocular pharmacokinetics using microdialysis in a conscious rabbit model. Dias, CS; Mitra, AK, 2003)	0.32
" The vitreous half-life of ganciclovir was significantly shorter in the groups with a recovery period of more than 5 days compared with the group with no recovery period."	( Posterior segment ocular pharmacokinetics using microdialysis in a conscious rabbit model. Dias, CS; Mitra, AK, 2003)	0.32
"The authors use a previously published decision-making algorithm to address the role of clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring of ganciclovir, the drug of choice for prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in solid organ transplant recipients."	( Ganciclovir in solid organ transplant recipients: is there a role for clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring? Ensom, MH; Partovi, N; Scott, JC, 2004)	0.32
" In paediatric patients this may be difficult to achieve due to lack of pharmacokinetic studies, administration of small doses, changes in body composition, continuous growth, and development and maturation of organs and systems."	( The pharmacokinetics of antiviral therapy in paediatric patients. Eksborg, S, 2003)	0.32
"We report a pharmacokinetic study in a 6-year-old girl with congenital human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus coinfection maintained on iv ganciclovir for 6 years."	( Oral valganciclovir in children: single dose pharmacokinetics in a six-year-old girl. Burri, M; Kahlert, C; Rudin, C; Wiltshire, H; Wouters, G, 2004)	0.32
" A recent randomised, double-blind study of valganciclovir in 364 D+/R- (intent-to-treat population) SOT recipients provided valuable data on which a population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of ganciclovir after its oral administration and from its prodrug, valganciclovir, in solid organ transplant recipients. Alexander, B; Blumberg, E; Dominguez, E; Farrell, C; Freeman, R; Heaton, N; Hirankarn, S; Humar, A; Paya, C; Pescovitz, MD; Washburn, K; Wiltshire, H, 2005)	0.33
"The pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir from oral ganciclovir (Cymevene, 1000 mg three times daily) and from valganciclovir (900 mg once daily) were described with plasma levels from 240 patients (1181 datapoints describing 449 pharmacokinetic profiles) using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling (NONMEM) software."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of ganciclovir after its oral administration and from its prodrug, valganciclovir, in solid organ transplant recipients. Alexander, B; Blumberg, E; Dominguez, E; Farrell, C; Freeman, R; Heaton, N; Hirankarn, S; Humar, A; Paya, C; Pescovitz, MD; Washburn, K; Wiltshire, H, 2005)	0.33
" Vitreal pharmacokinetic studies suggest that Val-GCV and Val-Val-GCV are rapidly eliminated from the vitreous chamber, compared to GCV, whereas Gly-Val-GCV is eliminated at a much slower rate."	( Vitreal pharmacokinetics of dipeptide monoester prodrugs of ganciclovir. Kansara, V; Majumdar, S; Mitra, AK, 2006)	0.33
"Considering retinal GCV concentrations generated and vitreal pharmacokinetic profiles, Gly-Val-GCV appears to be a lead candidate for further in vivo evaluation against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) retinitis."	( Vitreal pharmacokinetics of dipeptide monoester prodrugs of ganciclovir. Kansara, V; Majumdar, S; Mitra, AK, 2006)	0.33
" Pharmacokinetic profiles and safety of the oral solution versus the tablet formulation were determined in 23 renal transplant recipients with estimated creatinine clearance>or=60 mL/min who had been receiving cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with valganciclovir for >or=4 days prior to the administration of the study drug."	( Establishing pharmacokinetic bioequivalence of valganciclovir oral solution versus the tablet formulation. Bouw, MR; Freeman, R; Jain, A; Mulgaonkar, S; Pescovitz, MD; Robson, R, 2007)	0.34
" Serial pharmacokinetic assessments were performed after administration of valganciclovir oral solution and of intravenous ganciclovir."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessment of oral valganciclovir in the treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease. Acosta, EP; Agrawal, V; Cloud, GA; Griffin, J; Homans, J; Jacobs, RF; Kimberlin, DW; Lakeman, FD; Lang, D; Romero, JR; Sánchez, PJ; Sood, S; Whitley, RJ, 2008)	0.35
"On the basis of a previous pharmacokinetic study of the use of intravenous ganciclovir in this population, a target AUC12 (area under the concentration-time curve over a 12-h period) of 27 mg x h/L was defined."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessment of oral valganciclovir in the treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease. Acosta, EP; Agrawal, V; Cloud, GA; Griffin, J; Homans, J; Jacobs, RF; Kimberlin, DW; Lakeman, FD; Lang, D; Romero, JR; Sánchez, PJ; Sood, S; Whitley, RJ, 2008)	0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
" A fixed dose of 900 mg daily is typically recommended, however, there has never been a formal pharmacokinetic study comparing various doses in renal transplant patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of low and maintenance dose valganciclovir in kidney transplant recipients. Alfaro, RM; Chamberlain, CE; Daniels, CE; Hale, D; Kirk, AD; Mannon, RB; Penzak, SR; Wesley, R, 2008)	0.35
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant recipients, identify covariates that explain variability, and determine valganciclovir dosage regimens for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in children."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
"The mean population pharmacokinetic parameters were apparent systemic clearance (CL) 10."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
"The dosage regimens of valganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis have been defined using the final population pharmacokinetic model based on WT and CLCR for paediatric renal transplantation patients."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
" This review aims to describe the current knowledge of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of this agent, and to address the issue of therapeutic drug monitoring."	( Valganciclovir in adult solid organ transplant recipients: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and clinical interpretation of plasma concentration measurements. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N, 2009)	0.35
"In an open-label, prospective, pharmacokinetic assessment, we evaluated total drug exposure (area under the curve [AUC]) of intravenous (IV) ganciclovir (GCV) and oral (p."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral valganciclovir solution and intravenous ganciclovir in pediatric renal and liver transplant recipients. Bartosh, S; Bouw, MR; Bucuvalas, J; Ettenger, RB; Ives, J; McDiarmid, S; Pescovitz, MD; Sherbotie, JR; Strife, CF; Thomas, SE, 2010)	0.36
"This work employs conscious model to evaluate vitreal pharmacokinetic parameters and compares the results with previously published data from anesthetized animal, thereby demonstrating the effect of anesthesia on the vitreal disposition of dipeptide prodrugs of GCV."	( Vitreal pharmacokinetics of peptide-transporter-targeted prodrugs of ganciclovir in conscious animals. Boddu, SH; Janoria, KG; Mitra, AK; Natesan, S, 2010)	0.36
" A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted on a subgroup of patients (n=120)."	( Ganciclovir pharmacokinetic parameters do not change when extending valganciclovir cytomegalovirus prophylaxis from 100 to 200 days. Farhan, M; Humar, A; Washington, C; Welker, H, 2010)	0.36
" These results are consistent with previously published pharmacokinetic models."	( Ganciclovir pharmacokinetic parameters do not change when extending valganciclovir cytomegalovirus prophylaxis from 100 to 200 days. Farhan, M; Humar, A; Washington, C; Welker, H, 2010)	0.36
" Blood samples were collected and determined for pharmacokinetic analyses."	( Food effect on the pharmacokinetics of entecavir from dispersible tablets following oral administration in healthy Chinese volunteers. Davey, AK; He, Y; Liu, F; Wang, JP; Yang, J; Zhang, QH, 2010)	0.36
"We evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir in transplant children."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of valganciclovir in pediatric transplant recipients. Alvarez, F; Duval, M; Lamarre, V; Lapeyraque, AL; Larocque, D; Launay, E; Litalien, C; Ovetchkine, P; Phan, V; Poirier, N; Théôret, Y, 2012)	0.38
" The pharmacokinetic profile of valganciclovir in lung transplant patients has not been well described or linked to efficacy and safety."	( Evaluation of valganciclovir pharmacokinetics in lung transplant recipients. Fish, DN; Kiser, TH; Zamora, MR, 2012)	0.38
"This prospective, randomized, crossover study determined the steady-state pharmacokinetic profile of 2 different doses of valganciclovir in lung transplant recipients and compared these profiles with intravenous ganciclovir."	( Evaluation of valganciclovir pharmacokinetics in lung transplant recipients. Fish, DN; Kiser, TH; Zamora, MR, 2012)	0.38
" This article reviews all the available literature about V-GCV syrup in the treatment of newborns and infants with congenital CMV infection with the regard to pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic properties and clinical use, focussing on new data and on our experience."	( Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical use of valganciclovir in newborns with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Garofoli, F; Lombardi, G; Regazzi, M; Stronati, M; Villani, P, 2013)	0.39
" Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed for nine critically ill patients with proven or suspected CMV infection who were undergoing CVVHDF."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in critically ill patients. Böhmdorfer, M; Drolz, A; Fritsch, A; Fuhrmann, V; Horvatits, T; Jäger, W; Kitzberger, R; Kraff, S; Schenk, P; Thalhammer, F; Zauner, C, 2014)	0.4
"Our aims were to quantify ganciclovir pharmacokinetics in paediatric and adult kidney, liver and lung transplant patients taking a range of valganciclovir doses to prevent herpes virus infections, including a 450 mg regimen, and to identify sources of pharmacokinetic variability."	( Population pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir prophylaxis in paediatric and adult solid organ transplant recipients. Balfour, HH; Brundage, RC; Vezina, HE, 2014)	0.4
" The areas under the concentration curve of unbound GCV in blood, brain extracellular fluid (ECF), and tumor ECF were 6157, 1658, and 4834 μM⋅min, respectively."	( Brain pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in rats with orthotopic BT4C glioma. Forsberg, MM; Gynther, M; Hakkarainen, JJ; Jalkanen, AJ; Kääriäinen, TM; Kurkipuro, J; Lehtonen, M; Petsalo, A; Peura, L; Rautio, J; Samaranayake, H; Ylä-Herttuala, S, 2015)	0.42
" Moving forward, identification of optimal pediatric ganciclovir and valganciclovir dosing regimens may involve the use of an externally validated pediatric population pharmacokinetic model for empirical dosing, an optimal sampling strategy for collecting a minimal number of blood samples for each patient and Bayesian updating of the dosing regimen based on an individual patient's pharmacokinetic profile."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in children with cytomegalovirus infection. Knackstedt, ED; Roberts, JK; Sherwin, CM; Spigarelli, MG; Stockmann, C, 2015)	0.42
"A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has been developed for ganciclovir and its prodrug valganciclovir."	( A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Ganciclovir and Its Prodrug Valganciclovir in Adults and Children. Goelzer, P; Greig, G; Lukacova, V; Parrott, N; Reddy, M; Reigner, B, 2016)	0.43
"Population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are frequently used to support pediatric drug development."	( Bottom-up Meets Top-down: Complementary Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Regulatory Approval of a Dosing Algorithm of Valganciclovir in Very Young Children. Chavanne, C; Frey, N; Jorga, K; Lave, T; Lukacova, V; Parrott, N; Peck, R; Reigner, B, 2016)	0.43
"Organic anion transporters (OATs) are important in the renal secretion, and thus, the clearance, of many drugs; and their functional change can result in pharmacokinetic variability."	( Quantitative Prediction of Human Renal Clearance and Drug-Drug Interactions of Organic Anion Transporter Substrates Using In Vitro Transport Data: A Relative Activity Factor Approach. Feng, B; Litchfield, J; Mathialagan, S; Piotrowski, MA; Tess, DA; Varma, MV, 2017)	0.46
" However, pharmacokinetic data in children are scarce, and the pediatric dosing regimen is uncertain."	( Valganciclovir Dosing for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Pediatric Solid-organ Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Pharmacokinetic Study. Amir, J; Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, L; Bar-Haim, A; Berkovitch, M; Bernfeld, Y; Bilavsky, E; Brandriss, N; Dorfman, L; Pappo, A; Peled, O; Rom, E; Ziv-Baran, T, 2017)	0.46
"The pharmacokinetic (PK) data of ganciclovir (GCV), a first-line antiviral treatment for cytomegalovirus infections, in critically ill patients are limited."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Ganciclovir in Critically Ill Patients. Hodiamont, CJ; Juffermans, NP; Krens, SD; Mathôt, RAA; van Hest, RM, 2020)	0.56
" There is high pharmacokinetic (PK) interindividual variability and PK data are scarce, especially in paediatric stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in paediatric solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients. Autmizguine, J; Bittencourt, H; Briand, A; Demers, E; Franck, B; Lapeyraque, AL; Marquet, P; Ovetchkine, P; Théorêt, Y; Woillard, JB, 2021)	0.62
" Reported pharmacokinetic parameters showed considerable interpatient variability and were different from other populations, such as solid organ transplant and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients."	( A Systematic Review of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Toxicodynamics of Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients. Hahn, U; Peake, SL; Roberts, JA; Selby, PR; Shakib, S; Warner, MS; Yeung, D, 2021)	0.62
" Although there was a 40% increase in the volume of distribution for fluconazole relative to healthy volunteers, the pharmacodynamic targets for prophylaxis were still met."	( Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole and ganciclovir as combination antimicrobial chemotherapy on ECMO: a case report. Abdul-Aziz, MH; Dhanani, JA; Lipman, J; Livermore, A; Pincus, J; Roberts, JA; Townsend, S; Wallis, SC, 2021)	0.62
" With no pediatric clinical data available and difficulty in trial recruitment, population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulations were conducted to predict the pharmacokinetics and inform maribavir dosing in adolescents."	( Population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of maribavir to support dose selection and regulatory approval in adolescents with posttransplant refractory cytomegalovirus. Farrell, C; Hayes, S; Song, IH; Sun, K, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"We studied the effect of cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin alone, or combined with ganciclovir, on the outcome of biopsy proven cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation."	( Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation with cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin combined with ganciclovir. de Gast, GC; de Weger, RA; Dekker, AW; Rozenberg-Arska, M; Schuurman, HJ; Verdonck, LF, 1989)	0.28
"25 mg/kg when given in combination with an ineffective dose of 4MuIFN-gamma (10(3) units per mouse)."	( Enhanced efficacy of the acyclic nucleoside 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine in combination with gamma interferon against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. Eppstein, DA; Fraser-Smith, EB; Marsh, YV; Matthews, TR, 1985)	0.27
" The effective dose at which 50% of the mice survived was lowered approximately 10-fold for DHPG when it was given in combination with a marginally effective dose of alpha-interferon and greater than 10-fold for alpha-interferon when it was given in combination with a nontherapeutic dose of DHPG."	( Enhanced efficacy of the acyclic nucleoside 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine in combination with alpha-interferon against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. Eppstein, DA; Fraser-Smith, EB; Marsh, YV; Matthews, TR, 1984)	0.27
"Ampligen, a known immunomodulator and interferon inducer, was used alone and in combination with other antiviral agents to treat ducks congenitally-infected with duck hepatitis B virus."	( The use of ampligen alone and in combination with ganciclovir and coumermycin A1 for the treatment of ducks congenitally-infected with duck hepatitis B virus. Bowden, S; Dixon, R; Einck, L; Locarnini, S; Niu, J; Qiao, M; Wang, Y, 1993)	0.29
"The effects of monoclonal antibody used in combination with ganciclovir (GCV) or (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-(2-phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine (HPMPC) against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) were determined in vitro and in vivo, in mice."	( Effects of monoclonal antibody combined with ganciclovir or (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-(2-phosphonylmethoxy)-propyl]cytosine against murine cytomegalovirus infections in cell culture and in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Barnett, BB; Sidwell, RW; Smee, DF; Sugiyama, ST, )	0.13
" They must be administered with caution during pregnancy, because some are known teratogens (e."	( Adverse effects and drug interactions of clinical importance with antiviral drugs. Morris, DJ, 1994)	0.29
" In Swiss-Webster mice, the anti-CMV activity of GCV against murine CMV was unaffected when administered in combination with AZT."	( Efficacy of ganciclovir in combination with zidovudine against cytomegalovirus in vitro and in vivo. Chiu, S; Fraser-Smith, EB; Freitas, VR; Michelson, S; Schatzman, RC, 1993)	0.29
"In MRC-5 cell cultures, the efficacy of the acyclic nucleoside ganciclovir (GCV) against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) was unaffected when combined with either amphotericin B (AMP B), ketoconazole (KCZ), dapsone (DAP), or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)."	( Efficacy of ganciclovir in combination with other antimicrobial agents against cytomegalovirus in vitro and in vivo. Fraser-Smith, EB; Freitas, VR; Matthews, TR, 1993)	0.29
" The ability of ISIS 2922 to inhibit replication of HCMV when used in combination with other antiviral agents approved for treatment of HCMV disease was investigated using a 96-well immunoassay."	( Antiviral activity of a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide complementary to human cytomegalovirus RNA when used in combination with antiviral nucleoside analogs. Anderson, KP; Azad, RF; Brown-Driver, V; Buckheit, RW, 1995)	0.29
" Ganciclovir was well tolerated when administered alone or in combination with trimethoprin."	( The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir in combination with trimethoprim in HIV- and CMV-seropositive patients. AbdelHameed, MH; Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hunter, J; Jung, D; Teitelbaum, P, 1999)	0.3
"Immunotherapy in combination with suicide gene therapy for breast cancer was tested using a metastatic animal model."	( Efficacy of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in combination with cytokine gene therapy in an experimental metastatic breast cancer model. Adeline, E; Antoni, BA; Hall-Meier, M; Majumdar, AS; Philip, M; Philip, R; Samuel, S; Tran, K; Vertin, B; Zolotorev, A, 2000)	0.31
"Experiments were carried out in a nude mouse model of human glioblastoma to determine whether gamma-knife radiosurgery combined with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) suicide gene therapy and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) gene transfer provided an improved multimodality treatment of this disease."	( Effective treatment of experimental glioblastoma by HSV vector-mediated TNF alpha and HSV-tk gene transfer in combination with radiosurgery and ganciclovir administration. Cohen, JB; Fellows, W; Flickinger, JC; Glorioso, JC; Kondziolka, D; Lunsford, LD; Moriuchi, S; Niranjan, A; Rajendiran, S; Tamura, M, 2000)	0.31
" Herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene therapy combined with radiation therapy (XRT) may be effective because of complementary mechanisms and distinct toxicity profiles."	( Enhanced therapeutic effect of multiple injections of HSV-TK + GCV gene therapy in combination with ionizing radiation in a mouse mammary tumor model. Aguilar, L; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Butler, EB; Chhikara, M; Chiu, KJ; Teh, BS; Thompson, TC; Vlachaki, MT; Woo, S; Zhu, X, 2001)	0.31
" To assess the therapeutic efficacy of multiple courses of this combinatorial approach, one, two, and three courses of HSV-tk + GCV gene therapy, in combination with radiation, were compared to HSV-tk or XRT alone and to sham-treated animals."	( Enhanced therapeutic effect of multiple injections of HSV-TK + GCV gene therapy in combination with ionizing radiation in a mouse mammary tumor model. Aguilar, L; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Butler, EB; Chhikara, M; Chiu, KJ; Teh, BS; Thompson, TC; Vlachaki, MT; Woo, S; Zhu, X, 2001)	0.31
"These results indicate that multiple courses of HSV-tk therapy in combination with radiation improve the therapeutic efficacy of this approach and may provide therapeutic implications for the treatment of human breast cancer and other solid tumors."	( Enhanced therapeutic effect of multiple injections of HSV-TK + GCV gene therapy in combination with ionizing radiation in a mouse mammary tumor model. Aguilar, L; Aguilar-Cordova, E; Butler, EB; Chhikara, M; Chiu, KJ; Teh, BS; Thompson, TC; Vlachaki, MT; Woo, S; Zhu, X, 2001)	0.31
" Following the in vitro experiments, we evaluated the transgene expression and the antitumor activity of the AAV vectors in combination with gamma-ray in nude mice inoculated with HEp-2 subcutaneously."	( Suicide gene therapy using AAV-HSVtk/ganciclovir in combination with irradiation results in regression of human head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice. Hanazono, Y; Ichimura, K; Kanazawa, T; Kitamura, K; Kume, A; Mizukami, H; Nishino, H; Okada, T; Ozawa, K; Takeuchi, K, 2003)	0.32
"ACTG 266 was designed as a randomized study to evaluate two doses of the human monoclonal antibody directed against CMV gH (MSL-109) versus placebo, each in combination with standard antiviral therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients."	( A phase II, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled evaluation of a human monoclonal anti-Cytomegalovirus antibody (MSL-109) in combination with standard therapy versus standard therapy alone in the treatment of AIDS patients with Cytomegalovirus re Alston, B; Asmuth, DM; Aweeka, F; Borucki, MJ; Caliendo, A; Gnann, J; Hirsch, MS; Hubbard, L; Nadler, PI; Nevin, TT; Nokta, M; Owens, S; Pollard, RB; Sattler, F; Spritzler, J; Waterman, K, 2004)	0.32
"To study the killing effect of human herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK/GCV) system combined with allitride and the possible apoptosis mechanism in BIU87 cells."	( [The effect of cell killing and apoptosis by human herpes simplex virus- thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system combined with allitride in BIU87 cells]. Cao, KY; Chen, XJ; Huang, XR; Mao, XP; Qiu, SP; Xu, L; Yuan, GQ, 2005)	0.33
"To describe the use of high doses of intravitreal ganciclovir combined with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients."	( High-dose (5000-microg) intravitreal ganciclovir combined with highly active antiretroviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-infected patients in Venezuela. Arevalo, JF; Garcia, RA; Mendoza, AJ, )	0.13
"1 mL once a week) in combination with HAART therapy."	( High-dose (5000-microg) intravitreal ganciclovir combined with highly active antiretroviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-infected patients in Venezuela. Arevalo, JF; Garcia, RA; Mendoza, AJ, )	0.13
"0 mg) once a week in combination with HAART therapy is effective to control CMV retinitis, and may be discontinued after CMV retinitis has healed if immune reconstitution with a significant increase in CD4+ count has occurred."	( High-dose (5000-microg) intravitreal ganciclovir combined with highly active antiretroviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-infected patients in Venezuela. Arevalo, JF; Garcia, RA; Mendoza, AJ, )	0.13
"Previously, we showed that nine intradermal injections of a plasmid in which the HSVtk suicide gene is expressed from a melanocyte-specific promoter (Tyr-HSVtk), combined with a plasmid expressing heat shock protein 70 (CMV-hsp70), along with systemic ganciclovir, kills normal melanocytes and raises a CD8+ T cell response that is potent enough to eradicate small, 3-day established B16 tumors."	( Killing of normal melanocytes, combined with heat shock protein 70 and CD40L expression, cures large established melanomas. Daniels, GA; Diaz, RM; Kottke, T; Melcher, A; Pulido, J; Sanchez-Perez, L; Thompson, J; Vile, RG, 2006)	0.33
" In addition, we evaluated the oncolytic efficacy of Ad5Delta24TK-GFP in combination with the TK/ganciclovir (GCV) system."	( A conditionally replicative adenovirus that codes for a TK-GFP fusion protein (Ad5Delta24TK-GFP) for evaluation of the potency of oncolytic virotherapy combined with molecular chemotherapy. Curiel, DT; Hakkarainen, T; Hemminki, A; Wahlfors, J, 2006)	0.33
"To evaluate the lethal effect of adenovirus-mediated HSV-TK-ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy in combination with hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) on hunman bladder carcinoma cell line T-24 cells."	( [Lethal effect of adenovirus-mediated HSV-TK gene in combination with hydroxycamptothecin on human bladder cancer in vitro]. Huang, H; Liang, ZK; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2007)	0.34
" GCV alone and GCV in combination with HCPT both resulted in significantly decreased survival rate of human bladder carcinoma cells (P=0."	( [Lethal effect of adenovirus-mediated HSV-TK gene in combination with hydroxycamptothecin on human bladder cancer in vitro]. Huang, H; Liang, ZK; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2007)	0.34
"HSV-TK/GCV in combination with HCPT can enhance the lethal effect of suicide gene therapy against human bladder carcinoma cells and effectively induce apoptosis of the cells."	( [Lethal effect of adenovirus-mediated HSV-TK gene in combination with hydroxycamptothecin on human bladder cancer in vitro]. Huang, H; Liang, ZK; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2007)	0.34
" We assessed the efficacy and safety of the introduction of universal valganciclovir prophylaxis in combination with a tacrolimus/mycophenolate-based regimen in kidney transplantation at our centre."	( Efficacy and safety of universal valganciclovir prophylaxis combined with a tacrolimus/mycophenolate-based regimen in kidney transplantation. Fellay, J; Fontana, M; Manuel, O; Matter, M; Meylan, PR; Pascual, M; Sturzenegger, N; Venetz, JP; Wasserfallen, JB, 2007)	0.34
" This approach comprises a pre-emptive therapy, based upon the monitoring of CMV pp67 mRNA in whole blood by the qualitative NASBA, combined with prophylactic CMV-IG in high risk (R-/D+) children."	( Prevention of CMV disease in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: evaluation of pp67 NASBA-based pre-emptive ganciclovir therapy combined with CMV hyperimmune globulin prophylaxis in high-risk patients. Alfieri, C; Buteau, C; Clermont, MJ; Phan, V; Renoult, E; Tapiero, B, 2008)	0.35
"To investigate the cell-killing effect of adenovirus-mediated TK-ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) against murine bladder carcinoma cells in vitro."	( [Effect of adenovirus-mediated TK/GCV gene therapy in combination with TNF-alpha against murine bladder cancer cells in vitro]. DU, YJ; Liang, ZK; Shi, XH; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2008)	0.35
" GCV in combination with TNF-alpha resulted in significantly increased killing efficiency of the cells as compared with GCV or TNF-alpha treatment alone, and the effect of the combined treatment was enhanced as the TNF-alpha concentration increased."	( [Effect of adenovirus-mediated TK/GCV gene therapy in combination with TNF-alpha against murine bladder cancer cells in vitro]. DU, YJ; Liang, ZK; Shi, XH; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2008)	0.35
"TK/GCV in combination with TNF-alpha can enhance the effect of suicide gene therapy against murine bladder carcinoma cells and effectively induce apoptosis of the cells."	( [Effect of adenovirus-mediated TK/GCV gene therapy in combination with TNF-alpha against murine bladder cancer cells in vitro]. DU, YJ; Liang, ZK; Shi, XH; Tan, WL; Zhu, WH, 2008)	0.35
"Two methods are presented for the determination of 'respectively' the plasma protein unbound and total concentration of acyclovir in horse plasma and body fluids: first, a liquid-liquid extraction was performed on plasma, combined with HPLC-fluorescence detection for the total plasma concentration; second a more sensitive method using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HESI-MS/MS) was described for plasma and for body fluids analysis."	( Determination of acyclovir in horse plasma and body fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with fluorescence detection and heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Croubels, S; De Backer, P; Desmet, N; Garré, B; Maes, A; Nauwynck, H; van der Meulen, K, 2009)	0.35
" These mt-QSARs offer also a good opportunity to construct drug-drug Complex Networks (CNs) that can be used to explore large and complex drug-viral species databases."	( Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks. Chou, KC; González-Díaz, H; Martinez de la Vega, O; Prado-Prado, FJ; Ubeira, FM; Uriarte, E, 2009)	0.35
" Treatment was commenced with the HDACi sodium valproate (VPA) in combination with the anti-viral nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (GCV)."	( Sodium valproate in combination with ganciclovir induces lysis of EBV-infected lymphoma cells without impairing EBV-specific T-cell immunity. Corbett, G; Gandhi, MK; Jones, K; Nourse, J, 2010)	0.36
" Our data, therefore, point to rapamycin as an attractive adjuvant to be used in combination with immunotherapy in a phase I clinical trial for GBM."	( Blockade of mTOR signaling via rapamycin combined with immunotherapy augments antiglioma cytotoxic and memory T-cell functions. Castro, MG; Kamran, N; Lowenstein, PR; Mineharu, Y, 2014)	0.4
"To evaluate the therapeutic effects of bicyclol combined with ganciclocir on infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis."	( [Bicyclol combined with ganciclovir for treatment of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis]. Guan, HS; Jia, MY; Liang, GJ; Liu, YH; Yan, AP, 2015)	0.42
"Bicyclol combined with ganciclocir can reduce glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and serum total bilirubin, and decrease bile acid levels to lessen liver cell damage and promote the recovery of liver cells."	( [Bicyclol combined with ganciclovir for treatment of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis]. Guan, HS; Jia, MY; Liang, GJ; Liu, YH; Yan, AP, 2015)	0.42
" The patient was diagnosed with primary colorectal lymphoma comprising both components of DLBCL and MALT lymphoma combined with CMV colitis."	( Primary colorectal lymphoma comprising both components of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma combined with cytomegalovirus colitis. Akiyama, T; Fujita, M; Haruma, K; Ishii, M; Katsumata, R; Matsumoto, H; Motoyasu, O; Murao, T; Shiotani, A; Sugihara, T; Tokunaga, H; Wada, H, 2016)	0.43
" This mechanistic static approach was further applied to quantitatively predict renal drug-drug interactions (AFE ∼1."	( Quantitative Prediction of Human Renal Clearance and Drug-Drug Interactions of Organic Anion Transporter Substrates Using In Vitro Transport Data: A Relative Activity Factor Approach. Feng, B; Litchfield, J; Mathialagan, S; Piotrowski, MA; Tess, DA; Varma, MV, 2017)	0.46
" In the current study, to explore the possible mechanisms of radionuclide-gene therapy combined with MFH to treat hepatoma at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels and to provide theoretical and experimental data for its clinical application, we examined the apoptosis induction of the combination therapy and investigated the expression of the proteins related to apoptosis such as survivin, livin, bcl-2, p53, and nucleus protein Ki67 involved in cell proliferation, detected VEGF, and MVD involved in angiogenesis of tumor tissues and analyzed the pathologic changes after treatment."	( The Possible Mechanisms of HSV-TK/Hyperthermia Combined with 131I-antiAFPMcAb-GCV Nanospheres to Treat Hepatoma. Bian, X; Feng, X; Guo, T; Huang, J; Jiang, X; Lin, M; Shi, Y; Tian, W; Xiao, Y; Ye, J; Yu, H; Zhou, C, 2018)	0.48
"Based on the Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, this study systematically evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine preparation Tanreqing injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children, and provided new ideas and methods for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia (RSVP) in children."	( The effectiveness and safety of Tanreqing Injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cao, J; Shi, Y; Zhou, X; Zhu, WJ, 2020)	0.56
" Chinese database includes: CNKI, SinoMed, WangFang Date, VIP and other networks electronic full-text database, conducting a randomized controlled trial of Tanreqing Injection combined with ganciclovir (study group) and ganciclovir alone (control group) on the treatment of RSVP in children and the retrieval time limit is set from the establishment of each database to July 1, 2020."	( The effectiveness and safety of Tanreqing Injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cao, J; Shi, Y; Zhou, X; Zhu, WJ, 2020)	0.56
"After the meta-analysis of Tanreqing injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of RSVP in children, this paper will give a scientific and objective judgment on the effectiveness and safety of the combined use of Chinese and Western medicine on the treatment of RSVP in children, to provide evidence-based medical evidence for the clinical application, effectiveness and safety of Chinese and Western medicine combined on the treatment of RSVP in children."	( The effectiveness and safety of Tanreqing Injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cao, J; Shi, Y; Zhou, X; Zhu, WJ, 2020)	0.56
"To investigate the effect of ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and its efficacy."	( A therapy that modulates T lymphocyte subsets in patients infected with Epstein-Barr virus: Ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation. Feng, Y; Ren, Q, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" This investigation studies the bioavailability of several oral dosage forms of ddI."	( Pharmacokinetics of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in patients with severe human immunodeficiency infection. II. The effects of different oral formulations and the presence of other medications. Broder, S; Flora, KP; Hartman, NR; Johns, DG; Pluda, JM; Thomas, RV; Wyvill, KM; Yarchoan, R, 1991)	0.28
" Although without significant antiviral activity in cell cultures, the 2-aminopurines (13, 14-16, 26-29) and 2-amino-6-alkoxypurines (12, 23-25) are well absorbed after oral administration to mice and are converted efficiently to the antiviral guanine derivatives (8, 21) in vivo."	( Synthesis and antiviral activity of 9-alkoxypurines. 1. 9-(3-Hydroxypropoxy)- and 9-[3-hydroxymethyl)propoxy]purines. Boyd, MR; Harnden, MR; Sutton, D; Wyatt, PG, 1990)	0.28
" The bioavailability of ganciclovir after oral administration of HOE 602 or ganciclovir was similar in mice, while in rhesus monkeys much higher serum levels of ganciclovir were reached with HOE 602."	( Antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of HOE 602, an acyclic nucleoside, in animal models. Helsberg, M; Jähne, G; Rösner, M; Scholl, T; Winkelmann, E; Winkler, I, 1990)	0.28
" An important direction for future clinical research is the development of more effective and less toxic therapy, as well as orally bioavailable drugs for maintenance therapy."	( Serious cytomegalovirus disease in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment. Jacobson, MA; Mills, J, 1988)	0.27
" Acyclovir is well absorbed and distributed, with cerebrospinal fluid levels 50% that of plasma."	( Drugs five years later: acyclovir. Crumpacker, CS; Dorsky, DI, 1987)	0.27
" Current work includes the development of increased bioavailability prodrugs (BW 256, famciclovir), which are converted to active drug once absorbed, enabling rapid high serum levels, and hence may turn out to have increased efficacy in HSV- and VZV-induced diseases, for which oral acyclovir currently is the treatment of choice."	( Systemic antivirals in herpesvirus infections. Sacks, SL; Sasadeusz, JJ, 1993)	0.29
"Ganciclovir (GCV), which is used in the treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections, is poorly absorbed orally."	( Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of a double prodrug of ganciclovir in the rat and monkey. Beauchamp, L; de Miranda, P; Krasny, HC; Krenitsky, TA, 1995)	0.29
" Because food could potentially increase the bioavailability of oral ganciclovir, patients should be instructed to take each dose of oral ganciclovir with food."	( Effect of food on the relative bioavailability of oral ganciclovir. Buhles, WC; Connor, J; Dorr, A; Follansbee, S; Griffy, KG; Jung, D; Lavelle, J; Trapnell, CB, 1996)	0.29
" Interestingly, oral BMS-180194 demonstrated a similar antiviral efficacy as that obtained by the parental route of administration suggesting a high oral bioavailability of the compound."	( Efficacy of BMS-180194 against experimental cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompromised mice. Clark, JM; Drain, RL; Franco, CA; Yang, H, 1996)	0.29
"The bioavailability of oral ganciclovir averages 6-9%."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir capsules in HIV-infected persons. Griffy, KG, 1996)	0.29
"Although bioavailability of the oral formulation of ganciclovir is low, the serum concentrations are predictable, with low inter- and intrasubject variability in peak concentrations and AUC."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir capsules in HIV-infected persons. Griffy, KG, 1996)	0.29
"Oral ganciclovir is effective in preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in HIV-infected patients despite a bioavailability of only 6-9%."	( A study of the pharmacokinetics, antiviral activity, and tolerability of oral ganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis in marrow transplantation. Boeckh, M; Bowden, RA; Chauncey, TR; Jung, D; Skettino, S; Zaia, JA, 1998)	0.3
" This study was designed to determine the bioavailability of GCV and to test a dosing algorithm in transplant and dialysis patients with different levels of renal function."	( Oral ganciclovir dosing in transplant recipients and dialysis patients based on renal function. Brook, B; Gonwa, T; Griffy, K; Jung, D; McGory, R; Pescovitz, MD; Pruett, TL; Robinson, CA; Wicker, K, 1998)	0.3
" In nine of the transplant recipients, absolute bioavailability was determined by comparing GCV levels after single oral and intravenous doses of GCV."	( Oral ganciclovir dosing in transplant recipients and dialysis patients based on renal function. Brook, B; Gonwa, T; Griffy, K; Jung, D; McGory, R; Pescovitz, MD; Pruett, TL; Robinson, CA; Wicker, K, 1998)	0.3
"The bioavailability of oral GCV in transplant patients was similar to that observed in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients."	( Oral ganciclovir dosing in transplant recipients and dialysis patients based on renal function. Brook, B; Gonwa, T; Griffy, K; Jung, D; McGory, R; Pescovitz, MD; Pruett, TL; Robinson, CA; Wicker, K, 1998)	0.3
"This study was designed to determine the steady-state relative bioavailability of ganciclovir after three dosage regimens designed to deliver 6,000 mg/day."	( Steady-state relative bioavailability of three oral ganciclovir dosage regimens delivering 6,000 mg/day in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Colburn, W; Griffy, K; Hulse, J; Jung, D; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
" The mechanism responsible for increased didanosine concentrations and percent excreted in urine during concurrent ganciclovir therapy may be a result of increased bioavailability of didanosine."	( Effect of high-dose oral ganciclovir on didanosine disposition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Hulse, J; Jung, D; Kates, RE; Raschke, R; Tarnowski, TL, 1998)	0.3
"A series of 2-amino-9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters, 6a-h, were synthesized as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir and evaluated for their oral ganciclovir bioavailability in rats."	( Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)- 6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir. Chang, K; Im, GJ; Kim, DK; Kim, HT; Kim, KH; Lee, N, 1999)	0.3
"As a result of the low oral bioavailability of ganciclovir, a prodrug was developed to improve the bioavailability of ganciclovir."	( Single-dose pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir in HIV- and CMV-seropositive subjects. Dorr, A; Jung, D, 1999)	0.3
" Owing to limited bioavailability and saturable absorption, the use of oral ganciclovir in CMV retinitis is restricted to maintenance therapy only."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir following multiple oral dosages of valganciclovir in HIV- and CMV-seropositive volunteers. Arum, I; Banken, L; Brown, F; Saywell, K, 1999)	0.3
" The oral bioavailability of ganciclovir in dogs and humans was simulated using a physiologically based model that utilized many biopharmaceutically relevant parameters, such as the concentration of ganciclovir in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon at various dose levels and solubility values."	( Development of predictive pharmacokinetic simulation models for drug discovery. Grass, GM; Leesman, GD; Norris, DA; Sinko, PJ, 2000)	0.31
" RS-79070-194, a diastereomeric monovalyl ester of ganciclovir (hydrochloride salt), is under evaluation as a prodrug to increase the bioavailability of ganciclovir."	( An HPLC method for the determination of diastereomeric prodrug RS-79070-004 in human plasma. Chan, R; LaFargue, J; Reeve, RL; Tam, Y; Tarnowski, T, 1999)	0.3
" Oral ganciclovir has clear practical advantages over intravenous ganciclovir but has a relatively low bioavailability and this may be problematic in at-risk patients with malabsorption."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of oral ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. Kong, DC; Kotsimbos, TC; Krum, H; Levvey, BJ; Rutherford, DM; Skiba, M; Snell, GI; Williams, TJ, 2000)	0.31
"In clinical trials, valganciclovir, the valyl ester of ganciclovir, has been shown to enhance the bioavailability of ganciclovir when taken orally by patients with cytomegalovirus infection."	( Transport of valganciclovir, a ganciclovir prodrug, via peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2. Fei, YJ; Ganapathy, ME; Ganapathy, V; Huang, W; Leibach, FH; Sugawara, M, 2000)	0.31
"Following the identification of first pass metabolism issues with our recently described anti-HCMV compounds, the naphthyridines and isoquinolines, we have designed a class of novel metabolically stable and orally bioavailable anti-HCMV agents, the dihydroisoquinolines."	( Design and evaluation of dihydroisoquinolines as potent and orally bioavailable human cytomegalovirus inhibitors. Bédard, J; Chan, L; Chen, Y; Hu, Z; Jin, H; May, S; Stefanac, T; Turcotte, N, 2000)	0.31
" h/ml; 90% CI for relative bioavailability of 95 to 109%), and the exposure of 900 mg of VGC (42."	( Valganciclovir results in improved oral absorption of ganciclovir in liver transplant recipients. Banken, L; Brown, F; Buhles, W; Freeman, RB; Merion, RM; O'Grady, J; Paya, CV; Pescovitz, MD; Pirsch, J; Rabkin, J; Robinson, C; To, Z; Wren, K, 2000)	0.31
" Valganciclovir, a prodrug of ganciclovir, offers excellent oral bioavailability and is the closest to approval of all the new anti-CMV drugs."	( Therapeutic developments in cytomegalovirus retinitis. Hoffman, VF; Skiest, DJ, 2000)	0.31
" Cyclodextrins (Cds), oligosaccharides possessing a hydrophobic cavity, have the property of forming inclusion complexes with a great number of molecules, improving their bioavailability and their biological properties."	( Effect of the complexation with cyclodextrins on the in vitro antiviral activity of ganciclovir against human cytomegalovirus. Abdou, S; Collomb, J; Finance, C; Marsura, A; Nicolazzi, C, 2001)	0.31
"This study was designed to determine the bioavailability and dose linearity and proportionality of ganciclovir after multiple oral administrations of 3,000 mg to 6,000 mg per day."	( Absolute bioavailability and dose proportionality of oral ganciclovir after ascending multiple doses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. Colburn, W; Griffy, K; Hulse, J; Jung, D; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
" However, it is poorly absorbed by the body, so patients may need to take 12 pills a day for it to be effective."	( Pill treatment for CMV. , 1997)	0.3
" In previous studies with acyclovir (ACV), we found that covalent attachment of an alkyl glycerol phosphate moiety greatly increased oral bioavailability and increased antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus."	( In vitro and in vivo activity of 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-phospho-ganciclovir and 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-phospho-penciclovir in cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections. Aldern, KA; Beadle, JR; Gardner, MF; Hostetler, KY; Kern, ER; Rybak, RJ; Wright, KN, 2001)	0.31
" The oral bioavailability of ganciclovir after oral valganciclovir administration is high."	( Valganciclovir. Curran, M; Noble, S, 2001)	0.31
" The ester linkage of the amino acid valine to ganciclovir results in ten-fold higher bioavailability of ganciclovir: 450 mg of valganciclovir given once daily produces drug exposure similar to that achieved with 3 g of oral ganciclovir; 900 mg of valganciclovir given once daily produces drug exposures equivalent to that of 5 mg/kg of IV ganciclovir."	( Oral ganciclovir and pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir in liver transplant recipients. Pescovitz, MD, 1999)	0.3
" Median time to progression of CMV retinitis is 12-20 days shorter with oral compared to IV ganciclovir maintenance, likely due to the limited oral bioavailability of ganciclovir."	( High dose oral ganciclovir treatment for cytomegalovirus retinitis. Bissett, J; Buhles, WC; Drew, WL; Friedberg, DN; Georgiou, P; Giordano, MF; Hardy, WD; Hubbard, LD; Jung, DT; Lalezari, JP; Robinson, CA; Stempien, MJ, 2002)	0.31
" However, these agents have a poor oral bioavailability and, for systemic use, require iv."	( Oral valganciclovir: a new option for treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in immunocompromised hosts. Reusser, P, 2001)	0.31
" The low bioavailability of oral ganciclovir restricts its use to prophylaxis and maintenance treatment."	( Valganciclovir: an advance in cytomegalovirus therapeutics. Cocohoba, JM; McNicholl, IR, 2002)	0.31
" Cyclodextrins (cds) have the property to form inclusion complexes with a great number of molecules and to enhance bioavailability and biological properties of these molecules."	( In vitro antiviral efficacy of the ganciclovir complexed with beta-cyclodextrin on human cytomegalovirus clinical strains. Finance, C; Le Faou, A; Nicolazzi, C; Venard, V, 2002)	0.31
" The oral bioavailability of the prodrug was 40+/-7% estimated from microdialysis sampling data and 48+/-4% estimated from urine sampling data."	( Validation of microdialysis sampling for oral availability studies by means of a new ganciclovir prodrug. Lindén, K; Ståble, L; Zhou, XX, 2002)	0.31
"Ganciclovir (GCV), a promising antiviral compound, has poor ocular bioavailability as a result of its relatively low partition coefficient."	( Corneal permeation of ganciclovir: mechanism of ganciclovir permeation enhancement by acyl ester prodrug design. Dias, C; Mitra, AK; Tirucherai, GS, 2002)	0.31
" Valacyclovir, a prodrug of acyclovir with a higher level of bioavailability than acyclovir, has also been shown to be effective in preventing CMV disease when given as prophylactic treatment."	( Comparative study of prophylactic oral ganciclovir and valacyclovir in high-risk kidney transplant recipients. Beaulieu, J; Dworkin, L; Gohh, R; Monaco, A; Morrissey, P; Shemin, D; Yango, A; Zanabli, A, 2003)	0.32
" Valganciclovir has good bioavailability and is rapidly metabolised into ganciclovir."	( Valganciclovir: new preparation. CMV retinitis: a simpler, oral treatment. , 2003)	0.32
" The parent benzothiazole 56 had good pharmacokinetics in dogs with 29% bioavailability and good brain and ocular penetration in guinea pigs."	( Design and synthesis of pyrrolidine-5,5'-trans-lactams (5-oxo-hexahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles) as novel mechanism-based inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus protease. 4. Antiviral activity and plasma stability. Borthwick, AD; Davies, DE; Ertl, PF; Exall, AM; Haley, TM; Hart, GJ; Jackson, DL; Parry, NR; Patikis, A; Trivedi, N; Weingarten, GG; Woolven, JM, 2003)	0.32
" The oral bioavailability of ganciclovir from valganciclovir is 10 times higher than that from the original ganciclovir formulation."	( New prophylactic treatment strategy for cytomegalovirus disease. Lake, KD, 2003)	0.32
"7 microg x h/ml, equivalent to 43% bioavailability of ganciclovir from valganciclovir, which exceeded the area under the concentration curve of 11."	( Oral valganciclovir in children: single dose pharmacokinetics in a six-year-old girl. Burri, M; Kahlert, C; Rudin, C; Wiltshire, H; Wouters, G, 2004)	0.32
" Valganciclovir, the valine ester of ganciclovir, at 900 mg/day, provides oral bioavailability equivalent to that of intravenous ganciclovir and superior to that of oral ganciclovir."	( Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with valganciclovir in kidney, pancreas-kidney, and pancreas transplantation. Burke, GW; Ciancio, G; Cirocco, RE; Dowdy, L; Jorge, D; Kupin, W; Leibovici, Z; Mattiazzi, A; Miller, J; Rosen, A; Roth, D, 2004)	0.32
" The good bioavailability and the rapid conversion into ganciclovir provide oral valganciclovir with pharmacokinetic properties approaching those of intravenously administered ganciclovir."	( [Valganciclovir. Oral treatment of Cytomegalovirus infections]. Kroes, AC, 2004)	0.32
" When taken orally, valganciclovir has much-improved bioavailability compared with oral ganciclovir and achieves ganciclovir exposures similar to intravenous ganciclovir."	( Valganciclovir: oral prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host. Freeman, RB, 2004)	0.32
" Valganciclovir is a highly recognized substrate of the intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1, which underlies the tenfold higher bioavailability of ganciclovir after valganciclovir compared to oral ganciclovir administration."	( Valganciclovir for the prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in immunocompromised hosts. Paya, CV; Razonable, RR, 2004)	0.32
" Valganciclovir is an oral pro-drug of ganciclovir, with a 10-fold greater bioavailability than oral gancyclovir."	( Pre-emptive treatment with oral valganciclovir in management of CMV infection after cardiac transplantation. Bohdjalian, A; Devyatko, E; Grimm, M; Rödler, S; Ruzicka, M; Wieselthaler, G; Wolner, E; Zuckermann, A, 2004)	0.32
"The purpose of this study was to synthesize a series of diester prodrugs of ganciclovir (GCV), for improving ocular and oral bioavailability and therapeutic activity."	( Synthesis, physicochemical properties and antiviral activities of ester prodrugs of ganciclovir. Kern, ER; Luo, S; Mitra, AK; Pal, D; Patel, K; Trivedi, S; Zhu, X, 2005)	0.33
" Absolute bioavailability of GCV after V-GCV was approximately 75% in individuals with or without I-GVHD grades I-II."	( Oral valganciclovir leads to higher exposure to ganciclovir than intravenous ganciclovir in patients following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bornhäuser, M; Chalandon, Y; Ehninger, G; Einsele, H; Hebart, H; Hertenstein, B; Kalhs, P; Kröger, N; Reusser, P; Rohde, F, 2006)	0.33
"The aim of this study was to evaluate a series of dipeptide monoester ganciclovir (GCV) prodrugs with the goal of improving ocular bioavailability of GCV from topical ophthalmic solutions."	( Dipeptide monoester ganciclovir prodrugs for treating HSV-1-induced corneal epithelial and stromal keratitis: in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Hill, JM; Itahashi, M; Jain, R; Majumdar, S; Mitra, AK; Nashed, YE; Neumann, DM; Patel, K, 2005)	0.33
" Valganciclovir (VGC), the oral pro-drug of GCV, has excellent bioavailability and is ideal for oral therapy."	( Valganciclovir is safe and effective as pre-emptive therapy for CMV infection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ayala, E; Field, T; Fields, KK; Goldstein, S; Greene, J; Perkins, J; Sandin, R; Tate, C, 2006)	0.33
" This drug has proved similar efficacy and good bioavailability (roughly 70%), however there is no registered liquid form which can be precisely and safety administered in small children."	( [Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety of valganciclovir oral suspension treatment in pediatric kidney graft recipients--preliminary report]. Grenda, R; Kozłowski, K; Prokurat, S; Rubik, J, 2006)	0.33
"2% ganciclovir in-situ gelling eye drops may enhance the ocular bioavailability of ganciclovir in rabbit eye."	( [Ocular pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of 0.2% ganciclovir in-situ gelling eye drops]. Gao, CF; Wang, LY; Zhang, JJ, 2006)	0.33
" Two prodrugs (3 and 4) created by conjugating ethylene glycol-linked amino acids (L-Val, L-Phe) with the cyclic form of cidofovir (cHPMPC) via a P-O ester bond were synthesized and their pH-dependent stability (3 and 4), potential for in vivo reconversion to drug (3), and oral bioavailability (3) were evaluated."	( Synthesis and biological activation of an ethylene glycol-linked amino acid conjugate of cyclic cidofovir. Borysko, KZ; Breitenbach, JM; Drach, JC; Eriksson, U; Hilfinger, JM; Kashemirov, BA; Kijek, P; Kim, JS; McKenna, CE; Mitchell, S, 2007)	0.34
" The antiviral agent valganciclovir (VGCV) has a greater bioavailability after oral administration than oral ganciclovir (GCV) and can be considered a substitute for GCV."	( Efficacy and safety of preemptive anti-CMV therapy with valganciclovir after kidney transplantation. Greser, A; Lopau, K; Wanner, C, )	0.13
" Extensive SAR studies on an HTS lead led to potent, orally bioavailable compounds with anti-CMV IC(50) values of 150 nM in both viral yield and viral DNA replication assays and with a much reduced cytotoxicity compared to marketed treatments ganciclovir and cidofovir."	( SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors. Adrian, J; Chen, X; Cushing, T; Dimaio, H; Jaen, J; Liang, L; Mayorga, V; Miao, S; Peterson, MG; Powers, JP; Spector, F; Stein, C; Wright, M; Xu, D; Ye, Q, 2007)	0.34
" Oral bioavailability of Valganciclovir was 42."	( Unexpectedly high inter- and intrapatient variability of ganciclovir levels in children. Chretien, A; Feber, J; Filler, G; Lampe, D; Vethamuthu, J, 2007)	0.34
"Antiviral compounds including ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir are routinely used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease; however, these agents have a poor oral bioavailability and have the inconvenience and expense of intravenous administration."	( Oral valganciclovir as preemptive therapy for cytomegalovirus infection post allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Allice, T; Busca, A; de Fabritiis, P; Falda, M; Gentile, G; Ghisetti, V; Locatelli, F; Mirabile, M, 2007)	0.34
"The purpose of this investigation was to study the influences of absorption enhancers in increasing oral bioavailability of Ganciclovir (GAN) by assessing the transepithelial permeation across cell monolayers in vitro and bioavailability in rats in vivo."	( Modulation of ganciclovir intestinal absorption in presence of absorption enhancers. Bagchi, T; Jogani, V; Mishra, AK; Mishra, P; Misra, A; Shah, P, 2007)	0.34
" Valganciclovir, which has an oral bioavailability of 60%, has proven to be useful for prophylaxis of CMV infection in high-risk SOT recipients and for treating retinitis in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	( Valganciclovir as treatment for cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Aguado, JM; Borrell, N; Bou, G; Carratalà, J; Cervera, C; Cisneros, JM; Cuervas-Mons, V; Gavaldà, J; Gurguí, M; Len, O; Martin-Dávila, P; Montejo, M; Muñoz, P; Pahissa, A; Torre-Cisneros, J, 2008)	0.35
" The bioavailability of valganciclovir was 41."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessment of oral valganciclovir in the treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease. Acosta, EP; Agrawal, V; Cloud, GA; Griffin, J; Homans, J; Jacobs, RF; Kimberlin, DW; Lakeman, FD; Lang, D; Romero, JR; Sánchez, PJ; Sood, S; Whitley, RJ, 2008)	0.35
"This multi-centre randomized study assessed the bioavailability of ganciclovir in patients undergoing alemtuzumab-based reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after oral administration of valganciclovir."	( Results of a phase I/II British Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation study on PCR-based pre-emptive therapy with valganciclovir or ganciclovir for active CMV infection following alemtuzumab-based reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Cook, G; Johnson, PR; Lim, ZY; Marks, D; Mufti, GJ; Pagliuca, A; Parker, A; Wiltshire, H; Zuckerman, M, 2009)	0.35
" New antiviral agents are urgently needed with less adverse effects, good oral bioavailability and possibly novel targets or mechanisms of action to avoid cross-resistance and to improve the ability to suppress the selection of resistant virus strains by combination therapy."	( Antiviral treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and resistant strains. Bunjes, D; Härter, G; Mertens, T; Michel, D; Schreiber, A; Schubert, A, 2009)	0.35
" Oral valganciclovir, the ester prodrug of ganciclovir, has been developed to enhance the oral bioavailability of ganciclovir."	( Valganciclovir in adult solid organ transplant recipients: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and clinical interpretation of plasma concentration measurements. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N, 2009)	0.35
" Pharmacokinetic studies in mice established that the oral bioavailability of valcyclopropavir was 95%."	( L-valine ester of cyclopropavir: a new antiviral prodrug. Bowlin, TL; Drach, JC; Prichard, MN; Wu, Z; Yanachkov, I; Yanachkova, M; Zemlicka, J, 2009)	0.35
" These "in combo" PAMPA data were used to predict the human absolute bioavailability of the ampholytes."	( The permeation of amphoteric drugs through artificial membranes--an in combo absorption model based on paracellular and transmembrane permeability. Avdeef, A; Sun, N; Tam, KY; Tsinman, O, 2010)	0.36
"Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh)."	( Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination. Chang, G; El-Kattan, A; Miller, HR; Obach, RS; Rotter, C; Steyn, SJ; Troutman, MD; Varma, MV, 2010)	0.36
" Ganciclovir is the first-line anti-CMV treatment, but its low oral bioavailability limits its use and generally intravenous treatment has been mandatory."	( Valganciclovir for the prevention and treatment of CMV in solid organ transplant recipients. Asberg, A; Hartmann, A; Rollag, H, 2010)	0.36
" To increase bioavailability of these compounds, synthesis of their structurally diverse ester prodrugs was carried out: alkoxyalkyl (hexadecyloxypropyl, octadecyloxyethyl, hexadecyloxyethyl), pivaloyloxymethyl (POM), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, butylsalicylyl, and prodrugs based on peptidomimetics."	( Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents. Andrei, G; Balzarini, J; Brehová, P; Cihlar, T; De Clercq, E; Dracínský, M; Holý, A; Hui, H; Krecmerová, M; Laflamme, G; Masojídková, M; Naesens, L; Neyts, J; Pohl, R; Pomeisl, K; Snoeck, R; Tichý, T, 2010)	0.36
" So the purpose of the present study was to improve the oral bioavailability of Ganciclovir by preparing nanosized niosomal dispersion."	( Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir. Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, MZ; Akhter, S; Anwar, M; Khan, ZI; Khar, RK; Kushwaha, S; Talegaonkar, S; Warsi, MH, 2012)	0.38
" (l)-Tyr-NH-i-Bu cHPMPA (11) was converted in rat or mouse plasma solely to two active metabolites and had significantly enhanced oral bioavailability vs parent drug 1 in a mouse model (39% vs <5%)."	( Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies. Borysko, KZ; Breitenbach, JM; Collins, M; Drach, JC; Hilfinger, JM; Kashemirov, BA; Krylov, IS; McKenna, CE; Peterson, LW; Serpi, M; Zakharova, VM, 2011)	0.37
" The existing literature demonstrated that V-GCV is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly converted into GCV in the intestinal wall and liver."	( Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical use of valganciclovir in newborns with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Garofoli, F; Lombardi, G; Regazzi, M; Stronati, M; Villani, P, 2013)	0.39
"37 μg/mL, and bioavailability of ganciclovir from oral valganciclovir was 41 ± 20%."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in the adult horse. Carmichael, RJ; Maxwell, LK; Whitfield, C, 2013)	0.39
" Ganciclovir has been the mainstay antiviral agent for prevention and treatment of CMV; however, its clinical use is hampered by the poor oral bioavailability and the need for intravenous access."	( Valganciclovir: therapeutic role in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Park, JM; Yu, MA, 2013)	0.39
" However, the low bioavailability and short half-life of GCV necessitate the development of a carrier for sustained delivery."	( Ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone initiated by ganciclovir (GCV) for the preparation of GCV-tagged polymeric micelles. Peng, CA; Sawdon, AJ, 2015)	0.42
"The poor ocular bioavailability of the conventional eye drops is due to lack of corneal permeability, nasolacrimal drainage and metabolic degradation."	( Improved intraocular bioavailability of ganciclovir by mucoadhesive polymer based ocular microspheres: development and simulation process in Wistar rats. Boggarapu, PR; Kapanigowda, UG; Nagaraja, SH; Ramaiah, B, 2015)	0.42
"Correlating with in vitro data, the formulation showed sustained drug release along with improved intraocular bioavailability of ganciclovir in Wistar rats."	( Improved intraocular bioavailability of ganciclovir by mucoadhesive polymer based ocular microspheres: development and simulation process in Wistar rats. Boggarapu, PR; Kapanigowda, UG; Nagaraja, SH; Ramaiah, B, 2015)	0.42
" In this context, the aim of this study was to design in situ thermosensitive hydrogels for GCV ocular delivery by intravitreal injection to achieve sustained drug release behavior and improved ocular bioavailability in the treatment of CMV retinitis."	( Synthesis, physicochemical properties and ocular pharmacokinetics of thermosensitive in situ hydrogels for ganciclovir in cytomegalovirus retinitis treatment. Shen, Y; Sun, C; Tu, J; Wang, Q; Xu, B, 2018)	0.48
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" Obtained results show that tested modification do not improve bioavailability of nucleoside analogs in cells."	( Modifications on the heterocyclic base of ganciclovir, penciclovir, acyclovir - syntheses and antiviral properties. Chayrov, R; Chuchkov, K; Hinkov, A; Shishkova, K; Stankova, IG; Todorov, D, 2020)	0.56
" Given the favorable safety profile and its oral bioavailability letermovir may be considered a valuable off-label option for secondary prophylaxis of GCV-resistant CMV in SOT recipients."	( Emergence of letermovir resistance in solid organ transplant recipients with ganciclovir resistant cytomegalovirus infection: A case series and review of the literature. Bittel, P; Dahdal, S; Hirzel, C; Hofmann, E; Manuel, O; Sidler, D; Suter-Riniker, F; Walti, LN, 2021)	0.62
" The encapsulation of poorly absorbed drugs within nanosized particles offers several characteristics to drug due to their acquired surface properties."	( Design and optimization of ganciclovir solid dispersion for improving its bioavailability. Abdoun, SA; Almutairi, RA; Alnwiser, MA; Alotaibi, NL; Alsaeed, SS; Alsubaiyel, AM; Gaber, DA, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Adjusting ganciclovir dosage based on the patient's renal function is probably the only approach required to prevent or reduce the incidence of these episodes."	( Psychiatric disturbances associated with ganciclovir therapy. Brocavich, JM; Chen, JL; Lin, AY, 1992)	0.28
" Therefore, monitoring of DHPG appears essential in adjusting dosage for optimal efficacy and minimal toxicity."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in renal transplant children. Brun, P; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Loirat, C; Macher, MA; Sauvageon-Marthe, H, 1992)	0.28
"Data from human studies were extracted by the author and evaluated according to the patient population studied, sample size, dosage regimen, and therapeutic response."	( Treatment of herpesvirus infections in HIV-infected individuals. Fletcher, CV, )	0.13
"Forty-four patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (64 eyes) intolerant of or refusing systemic antiviral therapy received 710 intravitreal injections of ganciclovir at the dosage of 400 micrograms per injection."	( Efficacy and tolerance of intravitreal ganciclovir in cytomegalovirus retinitis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Cochereau-Massin, I; Gharakhanian, S; Katlama, C; Lautier-Frau, M; Lehoang, P; Marcel, P; Matheron, S; Robinet, M; Rozenbaum, W; Zazoun, L, 1991)	0.28
" Renal elimination of the drug requires dosage adjustment to renal function."	( [Treatment of cytomegalovirus infections with ganciclovir in kidney transplant recipients. Clinical and pharmacokinetic study]. Farquet, C; Fries, D; Rondeau, E; Sraer, JD, 1991)	0.28
" Therefore we began treatment with trisodium phosphonoformate (Foscavir) at a dosage of 60 mg/kg body weight per day (3 weeks), continuing with maintenance therapy at 90 mg/kg body weight per day (7 days a week)."	( [Therapeutic alternative or 2d choice drug. Trisodium phosphonoformate in cytomegalovirus retinitis]. Gümbel, H; Helm, EB; Ohrloff, C; Schalnus, R, 1991)	0.28
" Additionally, close monitoring of ganciclovir concentrations in patients with abnormal renal function is necessary in order to make appropriate dosage adjustments."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in a patient undergoing hemodialysis. Bennett, WM; Munar, MY; Swan, SK; Wigger, MA, 1991)	0.28
" An approach to dosing ganciclovir, including a schema for modifying or interrupting the zidovudine dosage based on hematologic status, is also presented."	( Concomitant ganciclovir and zidovudine treatment for cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with HIV infection: an approach to treatment. Causey, D, 1991)	0.28
" This investigation studies the bioavailability of several oral dosage forms of ddI."	( Pharmacokinetics of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in patients with severe human immunodeficiency infection. II. The effects of different oral formulations and the presence of other medications. Broder, S; Flora, KP; Hartman, NR; Johns, DG; Pluda, JM; Thomas, RV; Wyvill, KM; Yarchoan, R, 1991)	0.28
"5 mg/kg body weight every 8 hours for 14 days, or placebo, with dosage adjusted for decreases in renal function."	( Ganciclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus gastroenteritis in bone marrow transplant patients. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Dandliker, PS; Kopecky, KJ; Lilleby, KE; McDonald, GB; Meyers, JD; Reed, EC; Todaro, JL; Wolford, JL, 1990)	0.28
" The proportion of amplified sequences increased with both time after infection and dosage of ganciclovir used."	( Identification of the lytic origin of DNA replication in human cytomegalovirus by a novel approach utilizing ganciclovir-induced chain termination. Gibson, W; Hamzeh, FM; Hayward, GS; Lietman, PS, 1990)	0.28
" However it prevented symptoms and mortality in mice systemically infected with HSV-1, HSV-2 or MCMV when administered intraperitoneally or orally at a dosage of 100 mumol/kg twice per day."	( Antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of HOE 602, an acyclic nucleoside, in animal models. Helsberg, M; Jähne, G; Rösner, M; Scholl, T; Winkelmann, E; Winkler, I, 1990)	0.28
" nurse's monitoring specific drug therapy includes familiarity with a drug's action, with its performance in different clinical situations, with proper dosage and observations for adverse effects."	( New drug therapies: esmolol HCL, aztreonam and ganciclovir. Pauley, SY, )	0.13
" The directives for an optimal dosage are subject to further prospective randomized clinical studies."	( [Experiences with DHPG (ganciclovir)--treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS]. Fabricius, EM; Holzer, E; Prantl, F, 1989)	0.28
" More pharmacokinetic data are needed to determine optimal dosing schemes."	( Cytomegalovirus infection and renal transplantation. Metselaar, HJ; Weimar, W, 1989)	0.28
"5 to 10 mg/kg followed by outpatient therapy at a reduced dosage three to six days per week."	( Long-term outpatient treatment of CMV retinitis with ganciclovir in AIDS patients. Frank, I; Rubin, DH; Sinclair, SH; Weisenthal, RW, 1989)	0.28
" The usual dosage was 10 mg/kg/day over 2 weeks."	( DHPG effectively treats CMV infection in heart and heart-lung transplant patients: a preliminary report. Copeland, JG; Icenogle, TB; Minnich, L; Peterson, E; Ray, G, )	0.13
" Maintenance therapy with DHPG would appear to be necessary to prevent relapse, but the logistics of this are difficult, and the effective dosage of DHPG is as yet uncertain."	( Treatment of CMV retinitis in an AIDS patient. Acheson, JF; Bradbeer, C; Shah, SM; Spalton, DJ; Thin, RN, 1987)	0.27
" For that reason, most patients have received continued therapy with the drug, most commonly at a dosage of 5-6 mg/(kg."	( Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. Cederberg, D; Holland, GN; Jacobson, MA; Mills, J; O'Donnell, JJ, )	0.13
" Ganciclovir dosage was adjusted for renal function."	( Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin in patients with bone marrow transplants. Bowden, RA; Dandliker, PS; Lilleby, KE; Meyers, JD; Reed, EC, 1988)	0.27
" The lower dosage had less toxicity."	( Efficacy and safety of two different dose levels of ganciclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus chorioretinitis in AIDS patients. Faber, V; Gaub, J; Højgaard, K; Nielsen, JO; Pedersen, C; Poulsen, AG; Thomson, MH; Tinning, S, 1988)	0.27
" However, dosage reduction is necessary in renal insufficiency."	( Human pharmacokinetics of the antiviral drug DHPG. Balfour, HH; Chinnock, B; de Miranda, P; Fletcher, C; Sawchuk, R, 1986)	0.27
" When dosing was started at 3 h postinfection, 33% of the animals did not develop any sign of primary or recrudescent infection throughout the 9-week test."	( Efficacy of the acyclic nucleoside 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine against primary and recrudescent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in guinea pigs. Fraser-Smith, EB; Matthews, TR; Smee, DF, 1983)	0.27
" Reversible nephrotoxicity is common during foscarnet therapy, but may be reduced by dosage adjustment and adequate hydration."	( Foscarnet. A reappraisal of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in immunocompromised patients with viral infections. Bryson, HM; Wagstaff, AJ, 1994)	0.29
" Two dosing regimens--1,000 mg three times daily (TID) and 500 mg every 3 hours (six times daily)--have been shown to be efficacious."	( Ganciclovir absolute bioavailability and steady-state pharmacokinetics after oral administration of two 3000-mg/d dosing regimens in human immunodeficiency virus- and cytomegalovirus-seropositive patients. Anderson, RD; Dorr, A; Griffy, KG; Hulse, JD; Jung, D; Smith, RB, )	0.13
" In SCID (severe combined immune deficient) mice that had been infected with a thymidine kinase-deficient HSV-1 strain, S2242 (administered subcutaneously at a dosage of 50 mg/kg/day) completely protected against virus-induced mortality whereas foscarnet was less effective and acyclovir had no or little protective effect."	( In vivo antiherpesvirus activity of N-7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine. Andrei, G; De Clercq, E; Jähne, G; Neyts, J; Snoeck, R; Winkler, I, 1995)	0.29
"These plasma data suggest that further dosage adjustments are unnecessary for or alternating maintenance therapy."	( Foscarnet and ganciclovir pharmacokinetics during concomitant or alternating maintenance therapy for AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis. Aweeka, FT; Emrick, L; Gambertoglio, JG; Jacobson, MA; Jayewardene, A; Kramer, F; Lizak, P; Polsky, B; Tong, W; van der Horst, C, 1995)	0.29
" The ocular surface changes resolved within one to three months after dosage reduction or discontinuation of systemic ganciclovir and acyclovir."	( Corneal lipidosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Font, RL; Jones, DB; Keener, MJ; Wilhelmus, KR, 1995)	0.29
" We conclude that ACV at a dosage of 4,800 mg/day does not suppress CMV excretion in urine of symptomatic HIV antibody positive patients taking concurrent ZDV."	( Failure of high-dose oral acyclovir to suppress CMV viruria or induce ganciclovir-resistant CMV in HIV antibody positive patients. Anderson, R; Davis, G; Drew, WL; Lalezari, J; Lang, W; Miner, RC, 1995)	0.29
" Several questions remain in addition to these: What is the optimal dosage and duration of treatment with CMVIG for prophylaxis of CMV infection and disease in lung transplant recipients; Is this strategy cost-effective; Will it reduce the incidence of obliterative bronchiolitis following lung transplantation and enhance allograft survival? A prospective, random-assignment trial is warranted to answer these questions."	( Use of cytomegalovirus (CMV) hyperimmune globulin for prevention of CMV disease in CMV-seropositive lung transplant recipients. Badesch, DB; Campbell, DN; Diercks, MJ; Fisher, JH; Fullerton, DA; Grover, FL; Leone, S; Zamora, MR, 1994)	0.29
" Until day 14, all recipients received cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin at a dosage of 2 ml/kg/day."	( Monitoring of cytomegalovirus disease after heart transplantation: persistence of anti-cytomegalovirus IgM antibodies. Auer, T; Halwachs-Baumann, G; Iberer, F; Müller, H; Petutschnigg, B; Pleisnitzer, A; Rödl, S; Tscheliessnigg, K; Wasler, A; Wilders-Truschnig, M, )	0.13
" This new drug produces enhanced plasma levels of acyclovir following oral dosing, which will not only allow more convenient dosing for the treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections, but also mean that valaciclovir has the potential for superior clinical efficacy over acyclovir."	( Acyclovir--and beyond. Darby, G, 1994)	0.29
" (AL) and calorie restricted (CR), were dosed at 0, 6, 12 and 18 hr after lights on (HALO; SD study) and at 12."	( Acute toxicity of ganciclovir: effect of dietary restriction and chronobiology. Berg, TF; Breen, PJ; Chen, FX; Feuers, RJ; Hart, RW; Oriaku, ET, 1994)	0.29
" A dosage of 5 mg/kg/48 h of ganciclovir could be used during CVVHD, and ideally adjusted to monitoring of plasma drug levels."	( Clinical use of ganciclovir during renal failure and continuous hemodialysis. Bastien, O; Bleyzac, N; Boulieu, R; Estanove, S, 1994)	0.29
" The dosing regimen for induction combination therapy was ganciclovir at 5 mg/kg every 12 hours and foscarnet at 60 mg/kg every 8 hours."	( Combination ganciclovir and foscarnet in the treatment of clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Flores-Aguilar, M; Freeman, WR; Kuppermann, BD; Quiceno, JI; Rickman, LS, 1993)	0.29
" Further work to delineate the optimal dosing and indications for combination therapy will be important."	( Combination ganciclovir and foscarnet in the treatment of clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Flores-Aguilar, M; Freeman, WR; Kuppermann, BD; Quiceno, JI; Rickman, LS, 1993)	0.29
" This level is near the published trough serum concentrations obtained with every-12-h intravenous dosing and well below the peak."	( Intravitreal ganciclovir concentration after intravenous administration in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis: implications for therapy. Capparelli, EV; Connor, JD; Flores-Aguilar, M; Freeman, WR; Kuppermann, BD; Quiceno, JI; Sherwood, CH, 1993)	0.29
" These data should be taken into account to optimize dosage adjustment of ganciclovir in patients under CVVHD, and until guidelines are available, careful monitoring of drug concentrations is recommended."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in heart transplant patients undergoing continuous venovenous hemodialysis. Bastien, O; Bleyzac, N; Boulieu, R, 1993)	0.29
" Only the virus recovered from the brains of mice treated with HPMPC at a dosage of 50 mg/kg/week had a slightly decreased susceptibility to HPMPC."	( Efficacy of (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)-cytosine and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-guanine in the treatment of intracerebral murine cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. De Clercq, E; Neyts, J; Snoeck, R; Sobis, H; Vandeputte, M, 1993)	0.29
"Patients were randomized to one of three therapeutic regimens: induction with foscarnet sodium at 90 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 2 weeks, followed by maintenance at a dosage of 120 mg/kg per day (foscarnet group); induction with ganciclovir sodium at 5 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 2 weeks followed by maintenance at 10 mg/kg per day (ganciclovir group); or continuation of previous maintenance therapy plus induction with the other drug (either ganciclovir or foscarnet) for 2 weeks followed by maintenance therapy with both drugs, ganciclovir sodium at 5 mg/kg per day and foscarnet sodium at 90 mg/kg per day (combination therapy group)."	( Combination foscarnet and ganciclovir therapy vs monotherapy for the treatment of relapsed cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. The Cytomegalovirus Retreatment Trial. The Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group in Collaboration , 1996)	0.29
" These findings require prospective validation and may have important implications for ganciclovir dosing in different populations of CMV-infected patients."	( Population differences in ganciclovir clearance as determined by nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. Busch, D; Capparelli, E; Connor, JD; Drew, L; Drusano, GL; Fletcher, C; Follansbee, S; Jacobson, M; Lalezari, JP; Yuen, GJ, 1995)	0.29
" The dose-response curve for GCV appeared more exponential, without a threshold, but with a no-effect dose of around 150 mumols/kg per day."	( Comparative in-vivo genotoxicity of antiviral nucleoside analogues; penciclovir, acyclovir, ganciclovir and the xanthine analogue, caffeine, in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. Haynes, P; Lambert, TR; Mitchell, ID, 1996)	0.29
" Increasing the oral acyclovir dosage resulted in resolution of herpes simplex virus-only ulcers in all but one case."	( Herpesviridae-associated persistent mucocutaneous ulcers in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A clinicopathologic study. Flaitz, CM; Hicks, MJ; Nichols, CM, 1996)	0.29
" Further, it was shown that the compounds do not exhibit saturation kinetics over the dosage ranges used in the clinical setting."	( Vitreous disposition of two acycloguanosine antivirals in the albino and pigmented rabbit models: a novel ocular microdialysis technique. Hughes, PM; Krishnamoorthy, R; Mitra, AK, 1996)	0.29
" dosing regimens included pre-treatment with RMP-7 (0."	( Intravenous infusion of RMP-7 increases ocular uptake of ganciclovir. Bartus, RT; Elliot, PJ; Mackic, JB; Zlokovic, BV, 1997)	0.3
" Optimal dosing of ADV/RSV-tk was determined by direct percutaneous tumor injection with increasing viral doses and treatment with GCV."	( Adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy for experimental bladder cancer. Berkman, SA; Block, A; Chen, SH; Dang, TD; Kattan, MW; Lerner, SP; Rowley, DR; Sutton, MA; Wheeler, TM; Woo, SL, 1997)	0.3
" New modes of treatment have attempted to prolong intervals between dosing and reduce drug-related toxicity in an effort to improve quality of life."	( Pharmacologic management of cytomegalovirus retinitis: review of current and future therapeutic modalities. Bright, DC, 1997)	0.3
" Other new methods involve liposomal systems to increase drug contact time, use of longer-acting drugs with less-frequent dosing requirements, and methods to improve quality of life by avoiding intravenous drug delivery."	( Pharmacologic management of cytomegalovirus retinitis: review of current and future therapeutic modalities. Bright, DC, 1997)	0.3
" The dosing regimen for induction with the combined therapy was foscarnet (60 mg/kg every 8 hours) and ganciclovir (5 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks)."	( Combined intravenous ganciclovir and foscarnet for children with recurrent cytomegalovirus retinitis. Lewis, LL; Mueller, BU; Nussenblatt, RB; Pizzo, PA; Walton, RC; Whitcup, SM, 1995)	0.29
" Cytomegalovirus-negative patients who received cytomegalovirus-positive donor organs were given prophylaxis consisting of ganciclovir (5 mg/kg every 12 hours for 14 days, followed by maintenance dosage of 5 to 6 mg/kg every day for 14 days) plus 7 scheduled cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin infusions."	( Outcomes among pediatric heart transplant recipients. Denfield, SW; Gajarski, RJ; Price, JK; Rosenblatt, HM; Schowengerdt, KO; Towbin, JA, 1997)	0.3
" Treatment with one dosage of HPMPC at 20 mg/kg effectively reduced virus titers."	( Effective treatment of experimental cytomegalovirus-induced encephalo-meningitis in immunocompromised rats with HPMPC. Bruggeman, CA; Kloover, JS; Stals, FS; Vanagt, WY, 1997)	0.3
" However, a single ganciclovir course including a higher dosage and prolonged therapy appeared to be more effective than several courses with lower dosages."	( Ganciclovir therapy for cytomegalovirus-associated liver disease in immunocompetent or immunocompromised children. Bartmann, U; Castello, M; Clerico, A; Krzysztofiak, A; Nigro, G; Properzi, E; Valia, S, 1997)	0.3
"4 +/- 7, range 4-27 d), 1-ml serum samples were obtained before and at various times after dosing for the measurement of GAN levels."	( Oral ganciclovir in pediatric transplant recipients: a pharmacokinetic study. Brook, B; Filo, RS; Jindal, RM; Leapman, SB; Milgrom, ML; Pescovitz, MD, 1997)	0.3
"A 5-mg/kg dosage of ganciclovir was administered intravenously over a 60-min period under continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration."	( Pharmacokinetics and clearance of ganciclovir during continuous hemodiafiltration. Gando, S; Hayakawa, T; Kameue, T; Nakanishi, Y; Nanzaki, S, 1998)	0.3
" There was a dose-response relationship between the amount of IL-7 secreted in vitro and the growth of genetically modified murine tumor in vivo."	( Multicomponent gene therapy vaccines for lung cancer: effective eradication of established murine tumors in vivo with interleukin-7/herpes simplex thymidine kinase-transduced autologous tumor and ex vivo activated dendritic cells. Dubinett, SM; Huang, M; Miller, PW; Paul, RW; Sharma, S; Stolina, M; Zhu, L, 1997)	0.3
" Discontinuation or dosage reduction of acyclovir and ganciclovir is necessary to manage neurologic toxicity that is directly attributed to either agent."	( Acyclovir- and ganciclovir-induced neurotoxicity. Ernst, ME; Franey, RJ, 1998)	0.3
" Measurements included serial blood and urine samples during the dosing intervals at steady state."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir alone and in combination with zidovudine, didanosine, and probenecid in HIV-infected subjects. Casserella, S; Cimoch, PJ; Griffy, KG; Jung, D; Lavelle, J; Pollard, R; Tarnowski, TL; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
" We estimated the daily dosage of oral ganciclovir in relation to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)."	( Prophylactic oral ganciclovir after renal transplantation-dosing and pharmacokinetics. Ehrich, JH; Filler, G; Lampe, D; Lappenberg-Pelzer, M; Rocher, S; Strehlau, J; von Bredow, MA, 1998)	0.3
" A high dosage (100 mg of GCV/kg/day) eradicated all HSV-tk- and HSV-tk+ tumors."	( Intravenous RMP-7 increases delivery of ganciclovir into rat brain tumors and enhances the effects of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene therapy. Anderson, WF; Bartus, R; Gordon, EM; Gray, B; Jovanovic, S; Kittaka, M; LeMay, DR; McComb, JG; Stins, MF; Tabrizi, P; Weiss, MH; Zlokovic, BV, 1998)	0.3
" Because of the persistent CMV infection, he needed two more treatments of ganciclovir at the same dosage and gamma-globulin once a week for 2 months."	( [A case of severe cytomegalovirus infection after the repair of coarctation of aorta]. Harada, Y; Morishima, K; Ohta, K; Satomi, G; Takeuchi, T; Yasukouchi, S, 1998)	0.3
" The goal of this study was to determine whether 3-times-weekly dosage is as effective as daily prophylaxis with ganciclovir in preventing cytomegalovirus disease."	( Randomized trial of daily versus three-times-weekly prophylactic ganciclovir after lung and heart-lung transplantation. Bolman, RM; Dosland-Mullan, BM; Fox, JM; Hertz, MI; Jordan, C; Park, S; Savik, SK, 1998)	0.3
" Thereafter, subjects received either daily or 3-times-weekly ganciclovir dosing until 90 days after transplantation."	( Randomized trial of daily versus three-times-weekly prophylactic ganciclovir after lung and heart-lung transplantation. Bolman, RM; Dosland-Mullan, BM; Fox, JM; Hertz, MI; Jordan, C; Park, S; Savik, SK, 1998)	0.3
" The 3-times-weekly dosing regimen did not result in increased infection, disease, or sequelae of cytomegalovirus infection when compared with the daily regimen."	( Randomized trial of daily versus three-times-weekly prophylactic ganciclovir after lung and heart-lung transplantation. Bolman, RM; Dosland-Mullan, BM; Fox, JM; Hertz, MI; Jordan, C; Park, S; Savik, SK, 1998)	0.3
" This study was designed to determine the bioavailability of GCV and to test a dosing algorithm in transplant and dialysis patients with different levels of renal function."	( Oral ganciclovir dosing in transplant recipients and dialysis patients based on renal function. Brook, B; Gonwa, T; Griffy, K; Jung, D; McGory, R; Pescovitz, MD; Pruett, TL; Robinson, CA; Wicker, K, 1998)	0.3
" The proposed dosing algorithm resulted in adequate levels for patients with CrCl greater than 50 ml/min and for patients on dialysis."	( Oral ganciclovir dosing in transplant recipients and dialysis patients based on renal function. Brook, B; Gonwa, T; Griffy, K; Jung, D; McGory, R; Pescovitz, MD; Pruett, TL; Robinson, CA; Wicker, K, 1998)	0.3
"This study was designed to determine the steady-state relative bioavailability of ganciclovir after three dosage regimens designed to deliver 6,000 mg/day."	( Steady-state relative bioavailability of three oral ganciclovir dosage regimens delivering 6,000 mg/day in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Colburn, W; Griffy, K; Hulse, J; Jung, D; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
"The present study investigates the full dose-response curve and treatment duration dependence of ganciclovir (GCV) against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice."	( Dose and duration-dependence of ganciclovir treatment against murine cytomegalovirus infection in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Bousquet, C; Cordingley, MG; Duan, J; Kibler, P; Liuzzi, M; Paris, W, 1998)	0.3
" Gross and microscopic pathologic observations in dosed groups were compared with an unmanipulated control group."	( Distribution, persistency, toxicity, and lack of replication of an E1A-deficient adenoviral vector after intracardiac delivery in the cotton rat. Aguilar-Cordova, E; Chen, SH; Montgomery, CA; Rojas-Martinez, A; Woo, SL; Wyde, PR, )	0.13
" While the right dosage and schedule during the initial treatment with ganciclovir (Cymevene) were agreed on, the right time of further application of anti-CMV IgG (Cytotest) and ganciclovir was unclear."	( Cytomegalovirus infection in infants: an example of a chronopharmacological approach. Dimitrov, BD; Stefanov, R, 1999)	0.3
" Therefore, we recommend the use of the 2000microg dosage per intravitreous injection instead of the classical dosage of 400microg."	( [High-dose intravitreal ganciclovir in CMV retinitis]. Bouyer, I; Cochereau, I; Diraison, MC; Guvenisik, N; Hoang-Xuan, T; Mousalatti, H; Ren, L, 2000)	0.31
" ganciclovir using a standardized dosing nomogram that corrects for renal function."	( Dosing of intravenous ganciclovir for the prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Cosimi, AB; Doran, MT; Fishman, JA; Flood, JG; Rubin, RH; Volpicelli, SA, 2000)	0.31
"This trial demonstrates the efficacy of a nomogram for ganciclovir dosing during renal dysfunction; reduced doses can be used for prophylaxis for undialyzed patients with renal dysfunction (1."	( Dosing of intravenous ganciclovir for the prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Cosimi, AB; Doran, MT; Fishman, JA; Flood, JG; Rubin, RH; Volpicelli, SA, 2000)	0.31
" Recently, new pharmaceutical dosage forms based on the use of albumin nanoparticles have been developed for improving the efficacy of this drug."	( Development of a sensitive method for the determination of ganciclovir by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Campanero, MA; Irache, JM; Merodio, M; Mirshahi, M; Mirshahi, T, 2000)	0.31
" C(max), C(min) and AUC are highly correlated, allowing for the possibility of steady-state drug monitoring to confirm that the recommended dosing algorithm produces appropriate plasma levels."	( Pharmacokinetic assessment of oral ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. Kong, DC; Kotsimbos, TC; Krum, H; Levvey, BJ; Rutherford, DM; Skiba, M; Snell, GI; Williams, TJ, 2000)	0.31
" Optimal dosing of ADV/RSV-tk was determined by direct tumor injection with increasing viral doses and treatment with GCV."	( In vivo adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy of orthotopic bladder cancer. Berkman, SA; Dang, TD; Freund, CT; Kattan, MW; Lerner, SP; Rowley, DR; Sutton, MA; Wheeler, TM, 2000)	0.31
" VGC has promise for effective CMV prophylaxis or treatment with once-daily oral dosing in transplant recipients."	( Valganciclovir results in improved oral absorption of ganciclovir in liver transplant recipients. Banken, L; Brown, F; Buhles, W; Freeman, RB; Merion, RM; O'Grady, J; Paya, CV; Pescovitz, MD; Pirsch, J; Rabkin, J; Robinson, C; To, Z; Wren, K, 2000)	0.31
" Continued induction dosing or re-induction may protect against early breakthrough CMV disease and CMV-related death among patients with rising antigenemia on preemptive therapy."	( Rising pp65 antigenemia during preemptive anticytomegalovirus therapy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, correlation with DNA load, and outcomes. Boeckh, M; Corey, L; Davis, C; Drew, WL; Gooley, T; Huang, M; Miner, R; Nichols, WG, 2001)	0.31
" DHPG was used during the first 2 weeks post HTx, and during antirejection therapy with OKT3 or thymoglobulin (ATG), at a dosage of 3 mg/kg q 12 h in the case of a CMV+ donor (D) and/or CMV+ recipient (R)."	( Is the incidence of cytomegalovirus disease following heart transplantation decreased by prophylactic ganciclovir and CMV-hyperimmunglobulin? Cantarovich, M; Latter, D; René, P, 1994)	0.29
" There was a proportional increase in AUC0-24 between the 3 and 4 g/day dosage regimens, but not between the 4 and 6 g/day regimens."	( Absolute bioavailability and dose proportionality of oral ganciclovir after ascending multiple doses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. Colburn, W; Griffy, K; Hulse, J; Jung, D; Wong, R, 1998)	0.3
" The recommended dosage for primary prophylaxis and maintenance treatment of CMV retinitis is 3,000 mg/day."	( FDA approves oral ganciclovir as first drug to prevent CMV disease. Food and Drug Administration. Baker, R, 1995)	0.29
" RS 79070 would allow a much more feasible dosing schedule than ganciclovir."	( Ganciclovir implants: one year later. Cadman, J, )	0.13
" Ganciclovir in therapeutic dosage regimens generally has acceptable tolerability with adverse effects usually of a haematological or neurological nature."	( Ganciclovir: an update of its use in the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant recipients. Goa, KL; McGavin, JK, 2001)	0.31
" For the 3 days of dosing each week, the breakfast consisted of a standardized 602 calorie, high-fat (46."	( Effect of food on high-dose oral ganciclovir disposition in HIV-positive subjects. Dorr, A; Griffy, K; Jung, D, 1999)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic analyses have indicated that oral ganciclovir dosing should be adjusted, based on renal function, to achieve adequate drug levels."	( Oral ganciclovir and pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir in liver transplant recipients. Pescovitz, MD, 1999)	0.3
" However, in vivo testing in mice dosed either orally or intraperitoneally showed rapid glucuronidation on the -OH group."	( PD0084430: a non-nucleoside inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus replication in vitro. Booth, RJ; Bruening, EE; Dunkle, WE; Meyer, AL; Steinbaugh, BA; Vara Prasad, JV, 2001)	0.31
" dosing interval (max=2."	( Ganciclovir pharmacokinetics and cytokine dynamics in renal transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection. DiFrancesco, R; Forrest, A; Garey, KW; Ingalls, E; Morse, G; Murray, B; Reed, K; Saigal, N; Tornatore, KM; Venuto, R, 2001)	0.31
"The cytotoxicity of the selected systemic and intravitreally dosed drugs tamoxifen, toremifene, chloroquine, 5-fluorouracil, gentamicin and ganciclovir was studied in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vitro."	( Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of selected systemic and intravitreally dosed drugs in the cultures of human retinal pigment epithelial cell line and of pig primary retinal pigment epithelial cells. Diehl, H; Engelke, M; Huhtala, A; Mäenpää, H; Mannerström, M; Mäntylä, E; Mäntylä, M; Marselos, M; Pappas, P; Salminen, L; Tähti, H; Toimela, T; Uusitalo, H; Zorn-Kruppa, M, 2002)	0.31
" The emergence of drug resistance may be reduced by optimization of host immunity, use of potent antiviral drug regimens, and adherence to dosing regimens that adequately suppress viral replication."	( Cytomegalovirus drug resistance and clinical implications. Chou, SW, 2001)	0.31
" The mean values for the area under the curve for the ganciclovir dosage interval were similar at both induction doses and maintenance doses."	( A controlled trial of valganciclovir as induction therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis. Georgiou, P; Macey, K; Martin, DF; Robinson, CA; Sierra-Madero, J; Stempien, MJ; Walmsley, S; Wolitz, RA, 2002)	0.31
" Quantitation of the viral genome after the start of therapy will be of value in determining whether to continue or intensify the dosage of antiviral agents."	( Quantitative analyses of cytomegalovirus genome in aqueous humor of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Ando, Y; Iwasaki, T; Narita, M; Oguchi, Y; Sata, T; Terao, K, )	0.13
"Twenty micromoles or less of ganciclovir did not modify nontransduced TK- cell growth, whereas > or =100 micromol completely inhibited TK- cell growth, indicating that this dosage is cytotoxic per se."	( Retrovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transfer in pancreatic cancer cell lines: an incomplete antitumor effect. Basso, D; Fogar, P; Gallo, N; Greco, E; Mazza, S; Navaglia, F; Pedrazzoli, S; Piva, MG; Plebani, M; Scarpa, A; Stefani, AL; Zambon, CF, 2002)	0.31
"The dosage of valganciclovir has to be adjusted to the degree of renal impairment."	( Pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in renal impairment. Czock, D; Keller, F; Rasche, FM; Schaarschmidt, D; Scholle, C, 2002)	0.31
" Ganciclovir was administered at a dosage of 3 g daily for 6 months."	( Oral ganciclovir for treatment of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus infection: a pilot study. Bozdayi, AM; Bozkaya, H; Erkan, O; Karayalcin, S; Uzunalimoglu, O; Yurdaydin, C, 2002)	0.31
" Until formal guidelines have been established, ganciclovir or acyclovir dosage should be adjusted according to the results of monitoring of plasma drug concentration."	( Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of ganciclovir and/or acyclovir in human plasma using pulsed amperometric detection. Furukawa, H; Kishino, S; Miyazaki, K; Shimamura, T; Sugawara, M; Takekuma, Y; Todo, S, 2002)	0.31
"At the dosage of 1x10(9) viral particles/per well in the presence of 100 microg/ml GCV, ADV-TK/GCV caused effective killing of 11 out of total 14 types of tumor cells with a rate higher than 74%, the other 3 tumor cells, laryngeal epithelial cancer cells (Hep-2), hepatic cancer cells (Bel7402), and human colon cancer cells (HCT-8) were less sensitive to the ADV-TK/GCV treatment with the killing rates of 55."	( [Killing effect of adenovirus vector-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene recombinant construct on various cancer cells]. Chen, G; Lu, YP; Ma, D; Wang, SX; Zhou, JF, 2003)	0.32
" Studies of subpopulations of renal failure patients show a prolonged ganciclovir half-life that requires dosage adjustments."	( Ganciclovir in solid organ transplant recipients: is there a role for clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring? Ensom, MH; Partovi, N; Scott, JC, 2004)	0.32
" An inhibition plateau was not observed within the current dosage range."	( [Recombinant adenovirus vector-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transfer followed by ganiciclovir administration effectively inhibits growth of human small-cell lung cancer in a murine xenotransplant model]. Chen, G; Lu, YP; Ma, D; Wang, SX; Zhou, JF, 2004)	0.32
" The AR was successfully reversed and the dosage of cyclosporine was returned to the same level prior to the onset of CMV disease."	( Cytomegalovirus ischemic colitis of a diabetic renal transplant recipient. Chan, CH; Chang, HR; Lian, JD; Wong, LC, 2004)	0.32
" However, the optimal duration and dosage of antiviral prevention have yet to be defined."	( [The latest in herpes simplex keratitis therapy]. Labetoulle, M, 2004)	0.32
" The high bioavailability and convenient dosing formulation make valganciclovir an attractive option for these indications."	( Valganciclovir: oral prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host. Freeman, RB, 2004)	0.32
"Combination of GCV with a high dosage of IVIG to treat HCMV active infection could decrease viral load remarkably; The duration of disease, severity of symptoms, degree of anemia and the need for blood transfusion were reduced."	( [Clinical investigation on the treatment of HCMV hepatitis in children]. Chen, FH; Chen, HQ; He, ZX; Ji, JZ; Pan, SN; Wang, QW, 2004)	0.32
" In current clinical practice, the same dosage of intravitreal antiviral agent is given regardless of whether there has been retinal detachment repair with silicone oil."	( Retinal toxicity of intravitreal ganciclovir in rabbit eyes following vitrectomy and insertion of silicone oil. Eng, KT; Lam, WC; Parker, JA; Yücel, YH, 2004)	0.32
"1 mL respectively, Mann-Whitney U test) or in light microscopy findings were noted between the treatment and control eyes at any dosage of ganciclovir."	( Retinal toxicity of intravitreal ganciclovir in rabbit eyes following vitrectomy and insertion of silicone oil. Eng, KT; Lam, WC; Parker, JA; Yücel, YH, 2004)	0.32
" These patients received valganciclovir in dosage 450 to 900 mg daily depending on renal function for 3 weeks."	( Pre-emptive treatment with oral valganciclovir in management of CMV infection after cardiac transplantation. Bohdjalian, A; Devyatko, E; Grimm, M; Rödler, S; Ruzicka, M; Wieselthaler, G; Wolner, E; Zuckermann, A, 2004)	0.32
" Despite the low dosage of valganciclovir, hematologic adverse events were common."	( Efficacy and safety of low-dose valganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients: a single-center, retrospective analysis. Baroletti, SA; Chandraker, AK; Cina, JL; Gabardi, S; Magee, CC; Powelson, JA, 2004)	0.32
"There is a paucity of data examining the efficacy of valganciclovir (VGC) for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in kidney transplant patients, particularly with regard to utilization of a risk-stratified dosing regimen."	( Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with valganciclovir in African-American renal allograft recipients based on donor/recipient serostatus. Alangaden, GJ; Chandrasekar, P; El-Amm, JM; Garnick, J; Granger, DK; Gruber, SA; Haririan, A; Morawski, K; Sillix, DH; West, MS, 2005)	0.33
" Adherence to the prescribed dosing regimens, which were reduced for renal impairment, gave consistent exposure to ganciclovir."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of ganciclovir after its oral administration and from its prodrug, valganciclovir, in solid organ transplant recipients. Alexander, B; Blumberg, E; Dominguez, E; Farrell, C; Freeman, R; Heaton, N; Hirankarn, S; Humar, A; Paya, C; Pescovitz, MD; Washburn, K; Wiltshire, H, 2005)	0.33
" The patient was treated by ganciclovir at an oral dosage of 5mg/kg twice a day for 2 weeks."	( Unusual endoscopic findings of CMV esophagitis after liver transplantation. Harada, N; Ninomiya, M; Shimada, M; Shiotani, S; Soejima, Y; Suehiro, T; Sugimachi, K, )	0.13
" Treatment dosage of valganciclovir was 450 mg to 1800 mg daily, depending on renal function and white blood count."	( Initial experience with oral valganciclovir for pre-emptive cytomegalovirus therapy after lung transplantation. Aigner, C; Czebe, K; Jaksch, P; Klepetko, W; Marta, G; Taghavi, S; Winkler, G, 2005)	0.33
" Our experience shows that it is not possible to give a fixed dosing regime for VGCV in neonates and that continuous adaptation of dose is necessary to achieve stable target levels of GCV and to keep the viral load in urine at undetectable level."	( Treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection with valganciclovir. Gerards, LJ; Meine Jansen, CF; Rademaker, CM; Toet, MC; van Loon, AM; Ververs, TF, 2005)	0.33
" After recovery of neurologic function, valganciclovir was resumed at a lower dosage (225 mg twice a week) with therapeutic drug monitoring and was well tolerated."	( Neurotoxicity related to valganciclovir in a child with impaired renal function: usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring. Benketira, A; Blayac, JP; Cociglio, M; Hansel, S; Hillaire-Buys, D; Jalabert, A; Jeziorsky, E; Margueritte, G; Peyrière, H, 2006)	0.33
"We investigated the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in 12 haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients to evaluate the validity of a 50% reduction in the ganciclovir dosage for mild renal impairment."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients with or without renal impairment. Asano-Mori, Y; Chiba, S; Kanda, Y; Kurokawa, M; Motokura, T; Oshima, K; Shoda, E; Watanabe, T, 2006)	0.33
"Treatment with VCV suspension provides precise dosage and seems to be safe in patient with low body weight."	( [Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety of valganciclovir oral suspension treatment in pediatric kidney graft recipients--preliminary report]. Grenda, R; Kozłowski, K; Prokurat, S; Rubik, J, 2006)	0.33
"The implications of the findings from clinical studies and pharmacokinetic analyses of the antiviral agent valganciclovir for dosing of the drug to prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in solid organ transplant recipients are reviewed."	( Antiviral dosing and efficacy for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane, AB, 2006)	0.33
" Dosage reduction is required for both drugs in patients with renal impairment to prevent high plasma ganciclovir concentrations and toxicity."	( Antiviral dosing and efficacy for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane, AB, 2006)	0.33
"Valganciclovir dosing should be based on renal function to avoid toxicity."	( Antiviral dosing and efficacy for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane, AB, 2006)	0.33
" VGCV was given for up to 12 wk in a dosage adapted to renal graft function."	( Efficacy and safety of preemptive anti-CMV therapy with valganciclovir after kidney transplantation. Greser, A; Lopau, K; Wanner, C, )	0.13
" Reduction of didanosine dosage or substitution with an alternative antiretroviral may be necessary."	( CD4+ cell count decline despite HIV suppression: a probable didanosine-valganciclovir interaction. Salit, IE; Tseng, AL, 2007)	0.34
"Ready dosage form (eye drops) prepared on the basis of recombinant alpha2-IFN exhibits high activity towards herpes simplex type 1 virus in vitro."	( Combined antiherpetic effect of complex preparation "Viferon-eye drops" and modified nucleosides. Andronova, VL; Galegov, GA; Malinovskaya, VV; Vyzhlova, EN, 2006)	0.33
" For the normalization of dosing to GFR and target trough levels, we assumed first-order kinetics."	( Unexpectedly high inter- and intrapatient variability of ganciclovir levels in children. Chretien, A; Feber, J; Filler, G; Lampe, D; Vethamuthu, J, 2007)	0.34
" Newer trials are also reviewed, which are beginning to evaluate protocols of preemption or prophylaxis representative of current practice, as well as to explore alternative dosing strategies, the benefits of cytomegalovirus immune globulin, and the potential benefit of a longer course of prophylaxis."	( Prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of solid organ transplants: current approach and future challenges. Puius, YA; Snydman, DR, 2007)	0.34
" So far, there has been no demonstration of the superiority of prophylactic or preemptive regimens, nor has the exact nature and dosing of the oral antiviral agent of choice been established."	( Prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of solid organ transplants: current approach and future challenges. Puius, YA; Snydman, DR, 2007)	0.34
" In addition, the once-daily dosing regimen of valganciclovir is more convenient, and avoids the complications associated with catheter use."	( Cost of prophylaxis in the management of cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Gonzalez-Molina, M; Oppenheimer, F; Rubio, M, )	0.13
" A "tutti-frutti" flavored oral valganciclovir solution has been developed to provide flexibility in dosage needed to accommodate these patients."	( Establishing pharmacokinetic bioequivalence of valganciclovir oral solution versus the tablet formulation. Bouw, MR; Freeman, R; Jain, A; Mulgaonkar, S; Pescovitz, MD; Robson, R, 2007)	0.34
"Ophthalmic liposomes of ganciclovir (GCV) were prepared by the reverse phase evaporation method, and their ocular pharmacokinetics in albino rabbits were compared with those obtained after dosing with GCV solution."	( Preparation and ocular pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir liposomes. Shen, Y; Tu, J, 2007)	0.34
"Limited dosing regimen of daclizumab with MMF, steroids and delayed CsA introduction was safe and effective."	( CMV infections after two doses of daclizumab versus thymoglobulin in renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil, steroids and delayed cyclosporine A. Abou-Ayache, R; Bergougnoux, L; Büchler, M; Caillard, S; Etienne, I; Goujon, JM; Le Meur, Y; Lepogamp, P; Lobbedez, T; Touchard, G; Toupance, O; Westeel, PF, 2008)	0.35
"Ganciclovir pharmacokinetics was intensively studied in two lung transplant recipients under valganciclovir 450 mg every 48 h over one dosing interval."	( Disposition of valganciclovir during continuous renal replacement therapy in two lung transplant recipients. Aubert, JD; Berger, MM; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N; Robatel, C; Venetz, JP, 2008)	0.35
"A valganciclovir dosage of 450 mg every 48 h appears adequate for patients under CRRT requiring prophylaxis for CMV infection, providing concentration levels in the range reported for 900 mg once daily dosing outside renal failure."	( Disposition of valganciclovir during continuous renal replacement therapy in two lung transplant recipients. Aubert, JD; Berger, MM; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N; Robatel, C; Venetz, JP, 2008)	0.35
" The methods were successfully used to perform pharmacokinetic and clinical studies in horses after intravenous and oral dosage of acyclovir and its prodrug valacyclovir."	( Determination of acyclovir in horse plasma and body fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with fluorescence detection and heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Croubels, S; De Backer, P; Desmet, N; Garré, B; Maes, A; Nauwynck, H; van der Meulen, K, 2009)	0.35
" Transfection of double suicide gene reduces the dosage of prodrugs required for killing cells."	( [Killing effects of PWZL plasmid-mediated double suicide gene on human lens epithelium cells]. Wang, X; Wu, H; Yan, XR; Yu, HT; Zhang, Y, 2008)	0.35
" Patients received up to 100 days' valganciclovir prophylaxis; dosage was calculated using the algorithm: dose (mg) = 7 x body surface area x creatinine clearance (Schwartz method; CrCLS)."	( Valganciclovir dosing according to body surface area and renal function in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Bouw, MR; Ettenger, R; Ives, J; Jara, P; Varela-Fascinetto, G; Vaudry, W; Walker, R, 2009)	0.35
" Optimal concentration exposure for effective and safe VGC therapy would require either reproducible VGC absorption and GCV disposition or dosage adjustment based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in solid-organ transplant recipients receiving oral valganciclovir. Aubert, JD; Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Csajka, C; Decosterd, LA; Lamoth, F; Manuel, O; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N; Soccal, P; Venetz, JP, 2009)	0.35
"These studies provide justification for planned dosing of Ad5."	( Identifying the safety profile of Ad5.SSTR/TK.RGD, a novel infectivity-enhanced bicistronic adenovirus, in anticipation of a phase I clinical trial in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. Alvarez, RD; Aurigemma, R; Barnes, MN; Curiel, DT; Fulton, R; Grimes, SD; Harris, R; Hemminki, A; Matthews, K; Noker, PE; Schweikart, K; Siegal, GP; Tian, B; Wang, M; Zinn, K, 2009)	0.35
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant recipients, identify covariates that explain variability, and determine valganciclovir dosage regimens for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in children."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
" The dosage regimens of valganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis in children were simulated using the final model."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
"The dosage regimens of valganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis have been defined using the final population pharmacokinetic model based on WT and CLCR for paediatric renal transplantation patients."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir following administration of valganciclovir in paediatric renal transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Le Guellec, C; Zhang, D; Zhao, W, 2009)	0.35
" The apparent clearance is highly correlated with renal function, hence the dosage needs to be adjusted in proportion to the glomerular filtration rate."	( Valganciclovir in adult solid organ transplant recipients: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and clinical interpretation of plasma concentration measurements. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Meylan, P; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N, 2009)	0.35
" In a xenograft tumor model, despite observable tumor growth inhibition, no statistical significance in tumor volume was detected between mice harboring SR39- and MGMK/SR39-transfected cells when dosed with 1 mg kg(-1) GCV."	( Fusion enzymes containing HSV-1 thymidine kinase mutants and guanylate kinase enhance prodrug sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Ardiani, A; Black, ME; Sanchez-Bonilla, M, 2010)	0.36
" On the contrary, oral gancyclovir that was given for 1- to 2-month courses at the dosage of 70 mg/kg, was associated with clinical improvement or recovery and reintroduction of oral feeding."	( Oral gancyclovir therapy for immunocompetent infants with cytomegalovirus-associated hemorrhagic or intractable enterocolitis. Divito, S; Gambarara, M; Nigro, G; Pietrobattista, A, 2010)	0.36
" Patients <5 years of age had AUC values approximately 50% of those compared with older age ranges; dosing based on both BSA and CrCL increased drug exposure in younger patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral valganciclovir solution and intravenous ganciclovir in pediatric renal and liver transplant recipients. Bartosh, S; Bouw, MR; Bucuvalas, J; Ettenger, RB; Ives, J; McDiarmid, S; Pescovitz, MD; Sherbotie, JR; Strife, CF; Thomas, SE, 2010)	0.36
"This prospective study aimed at determining the ganciclovir exposure observed under a daily dosage of 450 mg valganciclovir routinely applied to kidney transplant recipients with a GFR above 25 mL/min at risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease."	( Ganciclovir exposure under a 450 mg daily dosage of valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus prevention in kidney transplantation: a prospective study. Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Lamoth, F; Manuel, O; Meylan, PR; Pascual, M; Perrottet, N; Venetz, JP, )	0.13
" This review provides an update on the status of its use and areas of controversy: How long should prophylaxis be given?; What is the appropriate dose for prophylaxis?; Can it be used in children, and at what dose?; Can it be used to treat CMV disease? The question of optimal dosing will probably not be settled as the sample size for controlled trials would be prohibitive."	( Valganciclovir: recent progress. Pescovitz, MD, 2010)	0.36
" (4) However, BALB/c mice showed better sensitivity and dose-response to the inoculated virus, and inoculation with 200 PFUs of MCMV-GFP still yielded the signals."	( In vivo imaging assay for the convenient evaluation of antiviral compounds against cytomegalovirus in mice. Arai, Y; Fukui, Y; Inoue, N; Katano, H; Kawasaki, H; Kosugi, I; Kurane, I; Yamada, S, 2010)	0.36
"The pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir were similar between the two dosing groups (100 vs."	( Ganciclovir pharmacokinetic parameters do not change when extending valganciclovir cytomegalovirus prophylaxis from 100 to 200 days. Farhan, M; Humar, A; Washington, C; Welker, H, 2010)	0.36
" These lower levels may have implications for dosing in the paediatric age group, particularly during periods of rapid change in renal function such as the neonatal period."	( Ganciclovir treatment in children: evidence of subtherapeutic levels. Griffiths, P; Lovering, A; Luck, S; Sharland, M, 2011)	0.37
" We proposed a systematic classification scheme using FDA-approved drug labeling to assess the DILI potential of drugs, which yielded a benchmark dataset with 287 drugs representing a wide range of therapeutic categories and daily dosage amounts."	( FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury. Chen, M; Fang, H; Liu, Z; Shi, Q; Tong, W; Vijay, V, 2011)	0.37
" CMV data from 2004 de novo RTx recipients from three-randomized, prospective, EVR studies A2309 (N = 833), B201 (N = 588) and B251 (N = 583) were retrospectively analyzed to identify differences between two EVR dosing groups and MPA."	( Cytomegalovirus incidence between everolimus versus mycophenolate in de novo renal transplants: pooled analysis of three clinical trials. Brennan, DC; Legendre, C; Mange, K; McCague, K; Patel, D; Shihab, FS; Wiland, A, 2011)	0.37
" Case reports show varied dosing and length of treatment of either intravenously administered ganciclovir, orally administered valganciclovir, or a combination of both."	( Successful treatment with oral valganciclovir of primary CMV enterocolitis in a congenitally infected infant. Demmler-Harrison, G; Honigbaum, S; Irizarry, K; Rippel, S; Wilsey, M, 2011)	0.37
" Valganciclovir dosage was adjusted according to renal function."	( Valganciclovir prophylaxis versus preemptive therapy in cytomegalovirus-positive renal allograft recipients: 1-year results of a randomized clinical trial. Bartels, M; Hauser, IA; Nitschke, M; Witzke, O; Wolf, G; Wolters, H, 2012)	0.38
" Reviewing the impact of different length dosing schemes is important for creating an immune response affecting malignancy development in kidney transplant recipients."	( Significance of cytomegalovirus prophylaxis strategies and development of cancer in kidney transplant recipients. Lozano, E; Medina, RD; Moreno, L; Osorio, JC; Patiño, N; Ricaurte, L, 2011)	0.37
" A posterior dosage adaptation was required in children to achieve the daily target area under the curve (AUC) of 40-50 μg·h·mL(-1)."	( Individualization of valganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric kidney transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Fakhoury, M; Fila, M; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Zhao, W, 2012)	0.38
"Valganciclovir dosage adaptation was required in children to achieve target AUC."	( Individualization of valganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric kidney transplant patients. Baudouin, V; Deschênes, G; Fakhoury, M; Fila, M; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Zhao, W, 2012)	0.38
" Because its hematological toxicity is dose limiting, optimization of the dosing schedule is required to increase its therapeutic index."	( A pharmacodynamic model of ganciclovir antiviral effect and toxicity for lymphoblastoid cells suggests a new dosing regimen to treat cytomegalovirus infection. Bleyzac, N; Janoly-Dumenil, A; Morfin, F; Rouvet, I; Tod, M; Zabot, MT, 2012)	0.38
"Pediatric valganciclovir dosing recommendations have not been extensively validated for prevention or treatment for CMV infection."	( Valganciclovir dosing using area under the curve calculations in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Brothers, A; Gantt, S; Harvey, E; Kemna, M; Law, Y; Nemeth, T; Villeneuve, D, 2013)	0.39
" Superposition predicted that oral dosing of 1800-mg valganciclovir two times daily would fail to produce and maintain effective plasma concentrations of ganciclovir."	( Pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in the adult horse. Carmichael, RJ; Maxwell, LK; Whitfield, C, 2013)	0.39
" Valganciclovir was the most common antiviral used, with dosing often below recommendations (33% in infection)."	( International survey of cytomegalovirus management in solid organ transplantation after the publication of consensus guidelines. Jager, MM; Kotton, CN; Le Page, AK; Rawlinson, WD; Simoons-Smit, A, 2013)	0.39
"We conducted a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial in 187 kidney transplant recipients to evaluate the impact of VGCV dosing and renal function on the development of CMV infection."	( Critical analysis of valganciclovir dosing and renal function on the development of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplantation. Chavin, K; Chua, E; Pilch, N; Posadas Salas, MA; Taber, DJ; Thomas, B, 2013)	0.39
" VGCV dosing was appropriate for most patients, in those who did and did not develop CMV infection."	( Critical analysis of valganciclovir dosing and renal function on the development of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplantation. Chavin, K; Chua, E; Pilch, N; Posadas Salas, MA; Taber, DJ; Thomas, B, 2013)	0.39
" The aim of this study was to evaluate presently used dosing algorithms."	( New algorithm for valganciclovir dosing in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Åsberg, A; Bjerre, A; Neely, M, 2014)	0.4
" The selected compounds differed by the slopes of their dose-response curve: compounds with a slope of 1 (GCV) representing one target or noncooperativity and compounds with high slopes indicating positive cooperativity."	( In vitro combination of anti-cytomegalovirus compounds acting through different targets: role of the slope parameter and insights into mechanisms of Action. Arav-Boger, R; Cai, H; Forman, M; He, R; Kapoor, A; Posner, GH; Venkatadri, R, 2014)	0.4
"Neutropenia after kidney transplant is an adverse event usually treated with a dosage reduction of mycophenolic acid."	( Replacement of mycophenolate acid with everolimus in patients who became neutropenic after renal transplant. Goumenos, DS; Kalliakmani, P; Karavias, D; Kazakopoulos, P; Marangos, M; Papachristou, E; Savvidaki, E; Voliotis, G; Zavvos, V, 2014)	0.4
" One hundred eighteen episodes of neutropenia were recorded, originally treated by reducing the dosage of mycophenolic acid (765 ± 390 mg/d) and administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor."	( Replacement of mycophenolate acid with everolimus in patients who became neutropenic after renal transplant. Goumenos, DS; Kalliakmani, P; Karavias, D; Kazakopoulos, P; Marangos, M; Papachristou, E; Savvidaki, E; Voliotis, G; Zavvos, V, 2014)	0.4
" Oral valganciclovir (Valcyte) was used for 3 months with dosage adjusted by eGFR."	( Universal valganciclovir prophylaxis significantly reduces episodes of first-year cytomegalovirus disease and biopsy-proven acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Chen, CH; Cheng, CH; Cheng, CY; Chuang, YW; Huang, ST; Shu, KH; Tsai, SF; Tu, PT; Wu, MJ; Yu, TM, 2014)	0.4
" The applicability of these targets to children remains uncertain; however, with the most sophisticated dosing regimens developed to date only 21% of patients are predicted to reach these targets."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in children with cytomegalovirus infection. Knackstedt, ED; Roberts, JK; Sherwin, CM; Spigarelli, MG; Stockmann, C, 2015)	0.42
" The result from the present investigation indicates that STELLA® when coupled with biorelevant dissolution media can predict the in vivo performance of the drug product with prediction error less than 20% irrespective of the dosage form (immediate release versus modified release) and BCS Classification."	( Prediction of in vivo drug performance using in vitro dissolution coupled with STELLA: a study with selected drug products. Aggarwal, D; Chakraborty, S; Yadav, L, 2015)	0.42
" Advances in pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of antimicrobial medications have led to improved dosing guidance for neonates."	( New antifungal and antiviral dosing. Monk, HM; Wade, KC, 2015)	0.42
" The effectiveness of low-dose VGCV (900 mg per day) has been shown to be equal to that of standard-dose VGCV (900 mg twice daily); however, individualized optimal dosing and toxicity of VGCV have not been reported."	( Occurrence of adverse events caused by valganciclovir as pre-emptive therapy for cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is reduced by low-dose administration. Endo, T; Fujimoto, K; Hashino, S; Imamura, M; Kondo, T; Nishio, M; Onozawa, M; Shigematsu, A; Sugita, J; Takahata, M; Tanaka, J; Teshima, T, 2015)	0.42
" For group B, the dosing was adjusted based on target exposures using a Bayesian prediction model (NONMEM)."	( Contribution of Population Pharmacokinetics to Dose Optimization of Ganciclovir-Valganciclovir in Solid-Organ Transplant Patients. Bestard, O; Caldés, A; Colom, H; Cruzado, JM; Grinyó, JM; Lladó, L; Lloberas, N; Manito, N; Melilli, E; Niubó, J; Padullés, A; Rigo, R; Sabé, N; Torras, J, 2016)	0.43
"Suboptimal dosing of valGCV is associated with development of GCV-R CMV."	( Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a single-center retrospective cohort study. Angarone, M; Flaherty, J; Ison, MG; Penugonda, S; Rubin, J; Stosor, V; Young, PG, 2016)	0.43
" Our aim was to evaluate clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with low cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia levels using half the dosage of GCV generally given preemptively."	( Half-dose ganciclovir preemptive treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ahn, HS; Choi, EH; Hong, CR; Ju, HY; Kang, HJ; Kim, H; Lee, HJ; Lee, JW; Park, JD; Park, KD; Shin, HY, 2016)	0.43
" Compared with half-dose GCV administration, conventional GCV dosing resulted in a higher rate of severe neutropenia, defined as absolute neutrophil count <0."	( Half-dose ganciclovir preemptive treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ahn, HS; Choi, EH; Hong, CR; Ju, HY; Kang, HJ; Kim, H; Lee, HJ; Lee, JW; Park, JD; Park, KD; Shin, HY, 2016)	0.43
" Interestingly, we observed a significant survival advantage in rats with GBM receiving the 300 mg/day equivalent dosage of DOX versus the 200 mg/day equivalent."	( Preclinical Efficacy and Safety Profile of Allometrically Scaled Doses of Doxycycline Used to Turn "On" Therapeutic Transgene Expression from High-Capacity Adenoviral Vectors in a Glioma Model. Appelman, H; Castro, MG; Dzaman, M; Lowenstein, PR; Ng, P; Palmer, D; Raja, N; VanderVeen, N; Yi, E; Zamler, D, 2016)	0.43
" Both methods have strengths and limitations and we used them complementarily to support the regulatory approval of a dosing algorithm for valganciclovir (VGCV) in children <4 months old."	( Bottom-up Meets Top-down: Complementary Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Regulatory Approval of a Dosing Algorithm of Valganciclovir in Very Young Children. Chavanne, C; Frey, N; Jorga, K; Lave, T; Lukacova, V; Parrott, N; Peck, R; Reigner, B, 2016)	0.43
"Ganciclovir is a therapeutic choice for extremely premature infants with severe postnatal cytomegalovirus disease, but little is known about its optimal dose size and dosing interval for them."	( Therapeutic drug monitoring of ganciclovir for postnatal cytomegalovirus infection in an extremely low birth weight infant: a case report. Furukawa, N; Kihara, M; Kinoshita, D; Moriuchi, H; Moriuchi, M; Nishimura, A; Sunada, M, 2016)	0.43
" A dosing algorithm for VGCV for pediatric patients, based on body surface area and renal function, provides a personalized dose using age-appropriate formulations."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valganciclovir in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients 4 Months of Age and Younger. Bradley, D; Chin, C; Ives, J; Moreira, S; Subramoney, V; Wang, K, 2016)	0.43
"This multicenter prospective study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of VGCV oral solution in 17 heart transplant recipients 4 months of age and younger who received 2 doses of VGCV on consecutive days using the pediatric dosing algorithm."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valganciclovir in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients 4 Months of Age and Younger. Bradley, D; Chin, C; Ives, J; Moreira, S; Subramoney, V; Wang, K, 2016)	0.43
" Estimated mean area under the curve during the 0-24 hours dosing interval for these patients was 68."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valganciclovir in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients 4 Months of Age and Younger. Bradley, D; Chin, C; Ives, J; Moreira, S; Subramoney, V; Wang, K, 2016)	0.43
"The pediatric dosing algorithm for VGCV (utilizing individuals' body surface area and renal function) provides systemic GCV exposures in patients younger than 4 months that are similar to those observed in older pediatric populations."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valganciclovir in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients 4 Months of Age and Younger. Bradley, D; Chin, C; Ives, J; Moreira, S; Subramoney, V; Wang, K, 2016)	0.43
" Neutropenia was more common if ValGCV dosage was ≥10% of the dose predicted (by BSA and creatinine clearance)."	( The efficacy of valganciclovir for prevention of infections with cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus after kidney transplant in children. Cameron, BM; Kennedy, SE; Mackie, FE; Rawlinson, WD, 2017)	0.46
" Fifty-six patients aged 4 months to 16 years received once-daily valganciclovir oral solution and/or tablets, dosed by BSA and renal function, for up to 200 days."	( Tolerability of up to 200 days of prophylaxis with valganciclovir oral solution and/or film-coated tablets in pediatric kidney transplant recipients at risk of cytomegalovirus disease. Benchimol, C; Bradley, D; Genevray, M; Ives, J; Reyes-Acevedo, R; Silva, HT; Varela-Fascinetto, G, 2017)	0.46
" However, pharmacokinetic data in children are scarce, and the pediatric dosing regimen is uncertain."	( Valganciclovir Dosing for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Pediatric Solid-organ Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Pharmacokinetic Study. Amir, J; Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, L; Bar-Haim, A; Berkovitch, M; Bernfeld, Y; Bilavsky, E; Brandriss, N; Dorfman, L; Pappo, A; Peled, O; Rom, E; Ziv-Baran, T, 2017)	0.46
" The manufacturer's dosing recommendation appears to result in supratherapeutic ganciclovir concentrations."	( Valganciclovir Dosing for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Pediatric Solid-organ Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Pharmacokinetic Study. Amir, J; Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, L; Bar-Haim, A; Berkovitch, M; Bernfeld, Y; Bilavsky, E; Brandriss, N; Dorfman, L; Pappo, A; Peled, O; Rom, E; Ziv-Baran, T, 2017)	0.46
" Although alteration of gene dosage is thought to contribute to disorders caused by extra copies of chromosomes, genes associated with specific disease phenotypes remain unclear."	( Engineering of Systematic Elimination of a Targeted Chromosome in Human Cells. Han, X; Hirofuji, Y; Kato, H; Masuda, K; Nguyen, HT; Nonaka, K; Pham, TT; Sato, H; Yamaza, H, 2017)	0.46
" As demonstrated in our patient, surveillance with periodic viral loads and drug monitoring are vital to identify emerging resistance and optimise antiviral dosing according to weight gain."	( Emerging (val)ganciclovir resistance during treatment of congenital CMV infection: a case report and review of the literature. Emonts, M; Flood, T; Morillo-Gutierrez, B; Pickering, A; Waugh, S, 2017)	0.46
" Optimal dosing strategies in recipients with impaired kidney function remain undefined, with limited pharmacokinetic data to date."	( Ganciclovir Dosing Strategies and Development of Cytomegalovirus Resistance in a Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report. Agrawal, N; Beltran, D; Echenique, IA; Najafian, N; Ramirez-Ruiz, L, 2017)	0.46
"An automated electronic health record (EHR)-based, pharmacist-driven program was developed to optimize dosing of valganciclovir in solid organ transplant recipients at a large transplant center."	( Impact of electronic health record-based, pharmacist-driven valganciclovir dose optimization in solid organ transplant recipients. Brown, J; DeCamp, PJ; Hensler, D; Ho, B; Ison, MG; Pawlowski, A; Richardson, CL; Tseng, C; Yang, A, 2018)	0.48
" Optimal renal dosage is essential throughout prophylaxis."	( Low-dose valganciclovir prohylaxis is efficacious and safe in cytomegalovirus seropositive heart transplant recipients with anti-thymocyte globulin. Eriksson, M; Hämmäinen, P; Jokinen, JJ; Lemström, K; Lommi, J; Söderlund, S, 2018)	0.48
" HHV-8 viremia was detected, and ganciclovir dosing (which had been started prophylactically) was increased."	( Pediatric post-transplant hepatic kaposi sarcoma due to donor-derived human herpesvirus 8. Collins, N; Elisofon, SA; Fawaz, R; Lee, CK; Ocwieja, KE; Sharma, TS; Shulman, DS; Vakili, K; Vargas, SO, 2019)	0.51
" Our case studies illustrate how therapeutic drug monitoring-guided dosing can be helpful in the management of these complex cases."	( Ganciclovir Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Case Series. Alffenaar, JC; Bakker, M; Damman, K; Knoester, M; Märtson, AG; Oude Lansink-Hartgring, A; Touw, D; van der Werf, T, 2019)	0.51
" Similarly, there was lack of uniformity in indication, dosing and duration of maintenance therapy."	( Management and prevention of cytomegalovirus infection in paediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients: A binational survey. Al Yazidi, LS; McMullan, B; Mitchell, R; O'Brien, TA; Palasanthiran, P, 2019)	0.51
" Detailed information on therapeutic-drug-monitoring measures and dosage adjustments for letermovir is provided."	( Compassionate Use of Letermovir in a 2-Year-Old Immunocompromised Child With Resistant Cytomegalovirus Disease. Andre, P; Asner, SA; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Gengler, C; Jaton-Ogay, K; Mercier, T; Meylan, P; Murray, K; Natterer, J; Opota, O; Pérez Marín, M; Perez, MH; Rizzi, M, 2020)	0.56
" Secondary objectives were to identify patient characteristics responsible for IIV and simulate GCV exposure for different dosing regimens."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Ganciclovir in Critically Ill Patients. Hodiamont, CJ; Juffermans, NP; Krens, SD; Mathôt, RAA; van Hest, RM, 2020)	0.56
" PK modeling, covariate analyses, and explorative Monte Carlo dosing simulations (MCS) were performed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Ganciclovir in Critically Ill Patients. Hodiamont, CJ; Juffermans, NP; Krens, SD; Mathôt, RAA; van Hest, RM, 2020)	0.56
" Recommended dosing provided a low, subtherapeutic AUC24 with an associated increase CMV viral load."	( Paediatric ganciclovir dosing in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Is standard dosing good enough? Chamberlain, A; Danziger-Isakov, L; Murphy, M; Tang, P; Turpin, B, 2020)	0.56
" Our objective was to explore cassette dosing in in vitro prodrug hydrolysis and bioconversion studies in buffer, vitreous, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) homogenate for rapid medium-throughput screening."	( Prodrug Approach for Posterior Eye Drug Delivery: Synthesis of Novel Ganciclovir Prodrugs and in Vitro Screening with Cassette Dosing. Auriola, S; Heikkinen, EM; Hellinen, L; Jasper, LM; Leppänen, J; Rautio, J; Ruponen, M; Urtti, A; Vellonen, KS, 2020)	0.56
"Optimal valganciclovir dosing for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in solid-organ transplant (SOT) patients on continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) is not known."	( Valganciclovir Dosing for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Solid-organ Transplant Recipients on Continuous Veno-venous Hemodialysis. Avery, RK; Crow, JR; Dioverti-Prono, MV; Jarrell, AS; Kruer, RM; Lees, L; Marzinke, MA; Strout, SE; Toman, LP, 2021)	0.62
" Based on these data, valganciclovir may require dosing every 24 hours to achieve concentrations equivalent to ganciclovir."	( Valganciclovir Dosing for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Solid-organ Transplant Recipients on Continuous Veno-venous Hemodialysis. Avery, RK; Crow, JR; Dioverti-Prono, MV; Jarrell, AS; Kruer, RM; Lees, L; Marzinke, MA; Strout, SE; Toman, LP, 2021)	0.62
" This study aimed to characterize ganciclovir pharmacokinetics, following intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration, to optimize dosing schemes."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Ganciclovir and Oral Valganciclovir in a Pediatric Population To Optimize Dosing Regimens. Benaboud, S; Bendavid, M; Béranger, A; Berthaud, R; Bouazza, N; Boujaafar, S; Briand, C; Demir, Z; Foissac, F; Gana, I; Hirt, D; Lopez, V; Nguyen, T; Oualha, M; Tréluyer, JM; Winter, S; Zheng, Y, 2021)	0.62
" We sought to determine the optimal GCV and VGCV dosing in transplanted children."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir in paediatric solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients. Autmizguine, J; Bittencourt, H; Briand, A; Demers, E; Franck, B; Lapeyraque, AL; Marquet, P; Ovetchkine, P; Théorêt, Y; Woillard, JB, 2021)	0.62
" In the earliest published small case series investigating the optimal infusion modality, patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) received either continuous infusion or intermittent dosing of foscarnet."	( Continuous-Infusion Foscarnet Facilitates Administration in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients. Brown, JW; Domingo, W; Johnsrud, JJ; Nguyen, IT, 2021)	0.62
" Compounds with significant inhibition from each assay were further tested in a dose-response fashion."	( Metal binding 6-arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones inhibited human cytomegalovirus by targeting the pUL89 endonuclease of the terminase complex. Aihara, H; Edwards, TC; Geraghty, RJ; Sahani, RL; Wang, L; Wang, Z; Xie, J, 2021)	0.62
"This study revealed that a standard weight and kidney function-based dosing regimen resulted in highly variable ganciclovir Cmin and under- and over-exposure were observed in patients on dialysis and in patients with increased renal function."	( Ganciclovir therapeutic drug monitoring in transplant recipients. Alffenaar, JWC; Bakker, M; Berger, SP; Blokzijl, H; Burgerhof, JGM; Damman, K; de Joode, A; Edwina, AE; Knoester, M; Märtson, AG; Span, LF; Sturkenboom, MGG; Touw, DJ; van der Werf, TS; Verschuuren, EAM, 2021)	0.62
"Ganciclovir-associated photoreceptor damage may induce abnormalities in retinal function in response to multiple continuous intravitreal ganciclovir injections at a relatively high dosage (3 mg/0."	( Does ganciclovir exert retinal toxicity after multiple continuous intravitreal injections? Hu, F; Ma, Y; Peng, X, 2021)	0.62
"Mathematical modeling suggests aggressive ganciclovir dosing in the first week of cytomegalovirus disease (CMV) treatment may improve response."	( A pilot study of an intensified ganciclovir dosing strategy for treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in kidney and/or pancreas transplant recipients. Descourouez, JL; Garg, N; Jorgenson, MR; Leverson, GE; Mandelbrot, DA; Odorico, JS; Parajuli, S; Saddler, CM; Smith, JA, 2021)	0.62
"Adult kidney and/or pancreas transplant recipients admitted with CMV (4/29/19-7/15/20) received IV ganciclovir(10 mg/kg Q12 h × 7 days) with step-down to standard-of-care (SOC) dosing thereafter (5 mg/kg Q12)."	( A pilot study of an intensified ganciclovir dosing strategy for treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in kidney and/or pancreas transplant recipients. Descourouez, JL; Garg, N; Jorgenson, MR; Leverson, GE; Mandelbrot, DA; Odorico, JS; Parajuli, S; Saddler, CM; Smith, JA, 2021)	0.62
"The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of two valganciclovir (VGCV) institutional dosing protocols for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in liver transplant (LT) recipients with CMV serotype donor +/recipient- (D+/R-)."	( Comparison of standard versus low-dose valganciclovir regimens for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in high-risk liver transplant recipients. Bixby, AL; Fitzgerald, L; Kaul, D; Park, JM; Tischer, S, 2021)	0.62
" Due to the high toxicity of Foscarnet (FOS) and Cidofovir (CDV), Letermovir (LMV) monotherapy at the dosage of 480 mg per day was administered, with a gradual viral load reduction."	( Emergence of Letermovir-resistant HCMV UL56 mutant during rescue treatment in a liver transplant recipient with ganciclovir-resistant infection HCMV: a case report. Baldanti, F; Campanini, G; Cassaniti, I; Fratini, A; Girelli, F; Meini, A; Novazzi, F; Palumbo, L; Paolucci, S; Plebani, A; Tebaldi, A, 2021)	0.62
"This case report highlights that monitoring ganciclovir exposure based on AUC should be performed to tailor drug dosage in order to improve treatment efficacy and safety in pediatric patients."	( The need for area under the curve measurements in the field of ganciclovir therapeutic drug monitoring in children: a case report. Duval, X; Gandemer, V; Lemaitre, F; Pertuisel, S; Probert, J; Tron, C; Verdier, MC, 2021)	0.62
" Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling supports model-informed dosing when clinical data are lacking, but application of these approaches to patients with impaired renal function is not yet at full maturity."	( PBPK Simulation-Based Evaluation of Ganciclovir Crystalluria Risk Factors: Effect of Renal Impairment, Old Age, and Low Fluid Intake. Galetin, A; Scotcher, D, 2021)	0.62
"The developed linked PK/PD population model and subsequent PD simulations showed slow decline of CMV viral load and it appears that dosing of (val)ganciclovir in this study might have been inadequate to achieve fast reduction of viral load."	( Standard ganciclovir dosing results in slow decline of cytomegalovirus viral loads. Alffenaar, JC; Hope, W; Knoester, M; Märtson, AG; Sturkenboom, MGG; van der Werf, TS, 2022)	0.72
" In conclusion, the risk of developing neutropenia was higher in HTRs receiving low-dose VGCV prophylaxis than it was in those not receiving prophylaxis, probably not attributed to dosing period and cumulative dose of VGCV until the onset of neutropenia."	( Risk Assessment of Neutropenia during Low-Dose Valganciclovir Prophylaxis for Heart Transplant Recipients. Fukushima, N; Hayakawa, N; Hayase, K; Ikura, M; Nakagita, K; Nakamura, T; Otokubo, M; Seguchi, O; Uno, T; Wada, K; Watanabe, T, 2022)	0.72
" Use of a low-dose valganciclovir (450 mg) has been used to prevent these adverse effects, but the data regarding this dosing strategy are not as robust in a steroid sparing LT center."	( Incidence and risk factors for the development of cytomegalovirus viremia in a steroid sparing liver transplant center. Chan, C; Choi, D; Lichvar, A; Viehl, E, 2022)	0.72
" VGCV dosing did not impact the development of kidney injury or neutropenia."	( Antiviral toxicities in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Boge, CLK; Downes, KJ; Galetaki, DM; Hayes, M; Li, Y; Mitrou, M; Sharova, A; Vader, D, 2022)	0.72
" With no pediatric clinical data available and difficulty in trial recruitment, population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulations were conducted to predict the pharmacokinetics and inform maribavir dosing in adolescents."	( Population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of maribavir to support dose selection and regulatory approval in adolescents with posttransplant refractory cytomegalovirus. Farrell, C; Hayes, S; Song, IH; Sun, K, 2023)	0.91
" However, with the currently recommended dosing regimens used in pediatric patients, large intra- and inter-individual variability of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and exposure are observed."	( Optimizing ganciclovir and valganciclovir dosing regimens in pediatric patients with cytomegalovirus infection: a spotlight on therapeutic drug monitoring. Hao, GX; Li, QY; van den Anker, J; Wu, YE; Zhao, W, )	0.13
" Moreover, the role of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and current clinical practice for GCV and VGCV dosing regimens optimization in pediatrics are discussed."	( Optimizing ganciclovir and valganciclovir dosing regimens in pediatric patients with cytomegalovirus infection: a spotlight on therapeutic drug monitoring. Hao, GX; Li, QY; van den Anker, J; Wu, YE; Zhao, W, )	0.13
" Optimal dosing in children, risk factors for failure, and the impact of dose adjustments on CMV DNAemia is not well established."	( Incidence of cytomegalovirus DNAemia in pediatric kidney, liver, and heart transplant recipients: Efficacy and risk factors associated with failure of weight-based dosed valganciclovir prophylaxis. Deshpande, S; Garro, R; George, R; Liverman, R; Mao, C; Nance, G; Rodriguez, DS; Serluco, A; Yildirim, I, 2023)	0.91
" Guideline recommended prophylactic valganciclovir dosing is 900 mg daily for 6 months in this population."	( Reduced dosing versus full dosing valganciclovir for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus in high-risk abdominal transplant recipients. Chargualaf, LM; Dupuis, R; Kreiser, ML; Szempruch, KR, 2023)	0.91
"This single center, retrospective study in adult ATR compared full valganciclovir prophylactic dosing (900 mg daily for 6 months) to reduced dosing (900 mg daily for 3 months, then 450 mg daily for 3 months)."	( Reduced dosing versus full dosing valganciclovir for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus in high-risk abdominal transplant recipients. Chargualaf, LM; Dupuis, R; Kreiser, ML; Szempruch, KR, 2023)	0.91
"421) did not differ significantly between 68 ATR in reduced and full dosing groups, as well as incidence of leukopenia (94% vs."	( Reduced dosing versus full dosing valganciclovir for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus in high-risk abdominal transplant recipients. Chargualaf, LM; Dupuis, R; Kreiser, ML; Szempruch, KR, 2023)	0.91
"There was no difference in the incidence of CMV infection, neutropenia, or leukopenia of the two dosing regimens, although time to CMV diagnosis was different."	( Reduced dosing versus full dosing valganciclovir for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus in high-risk abdominal transplant recipients. Chargualaf, LM; Dupuis, R; Kreiser, ML; Szempruch, KR, 2023)	0.91
"Optimal dosing of valganciclovir (VGCV) for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prevention in pediatric solid organ transplantation recipients (SOTR) is controversial."	( Body surface area compared to body weight dosing of valganciclovir is associated with increased toxicity in pediatric solid organ transplantation recipients. Ardura, MI; Bacon, S; Blum, S; Bocchini, CE; Boguniewicz, J; Danziger-Isakov, L; Demirhan, S; Ferrolino, J; Foca, M; Herold, BC; Maron, GM; Munoz, FM; Sharma, TS; Sherman, G; Valencia Deray, KG, 2023)	0.91
" Ganciclovir dosing is weight-based, most commonly utilizing total body weight (TBW)."	( Safety and efficacy of weight-based ganciclovir dosing strategies in overweight/obese patients. January, S; Klaus, J; Krekel, T; Miller, W; Neuner, E; Pande, A, 2023)	0.91
" In both analyses, courses were excluded in which ganciclovir was dosed outside of specified renal dosing parameters for >20% of the course."	( Safety and efficacy of weight-based ganciclovir dosing strategies in overweight/obese patients. January, S; Klaus, J; Krekel, T; Miller, W; Neuner, E; Pande, A, 2023)	0.91
" In the 62 courses evaluating efficacy, there was no statistical difference between AdjBW and TBW dosing (60."	( Safety and efficacy of weight-based ganciclovir dosing strategies in overweight/obese patients. January, S; Klaus, J; Krekel, T; Miller, W; Neuner, E; Pande, A, 2023)	0.91
"Utilization of AdjBW ganciclovir dosing did not result in decreased neutropenia or treatment efficacy as compared to TBW dosing."	( Safety and efficacy of weight-based ganciclovir dosing strategies in overweight/obese patients. January, S; Klaus, J; Krekel, T; Miller, W; Neuner, E; Pande, A, 2023)	0.91
" The evidence and challenges surrounding optimization of drug dosing through therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) are examined, with recommendations made."	( Evidence supporting the use of therapeutic drug monitoring of ganciclovir in transplantation. Domazetovska, A; Ho, SA; Rawlinson, WD; Wong, DD; Yong, MK, 2023)	0.91
"Pharmacokinetic studies of current dosing guidelines have shown high interindividual and intraindividual variability of GCV concentrations."	( Evidence supporting the use of therapeutic drug monitoring of ganciclovir in transplantation. Domazetovska, A; Ho, SA; Rawlinson, WD; Wong, DD; Yong, MK, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
antiviral drug	A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of virus diseases.
antiinfective agent	A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
oxopurine
2-aminopurines	Any aminopurine having the amino substituent at the 2-position.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	14.1254	0.0032	45.4673	12,589.2998	AID2517
endonuclease IV	Escherichia coli	Potency	12.5893	0.7079	12.4324	31.6228	AID1708
thioredoxin reductase	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	7.0795	0.1000	20.8793	79.4328	AID588453
ClpP	Bacillus subtilis	Potency	0.7079	1.9953	22.6730	39.8107	AID651965
Fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.1734	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
NFKB1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.0000	0.0282	7.0559	15.8489	AID895; AID928
GLS protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	6.3096	0.3548	7.9355	39.8107	AID624146
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.5121	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978; AID686979
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	39.8107	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.9811	0.0013	7.7625	44.6684	AID914; AID915
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.8824	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
polyprotein	Zika virus	Potency	33.1734	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
arylsulfatase A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0301	1.0691	13.9551	37.9330	AID720538
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0224	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0032	0.5406	17.6392	96.1227	AID2364; AID2528
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	39.8107	0.0501	27.0736	89.1251	AID588590
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.2643	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624297
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	18.5331	0.1259	12.2344	35.4813	AID1458
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
lamin isoform A-delta10	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.1623	0.8913	12.0676	28.1838	AID1487
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Thymidine kinase	Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1	IC50 (µMol)	800.0000	0.1500	2.5750	4.2000	AID326127
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	133.0000	0.6315	4.4531	9.3000	AID1473740
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	133.0000	0.2000	5.6774	10.0000	AID1473741
Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	134.0000	0.1100	7.1903	10.0000	AID1443980; AID1473738
Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1.3000	0.0700	2.1939	6.6100	AID1846592
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	133.0000	2.4100	6.3433	10.0000	AID1473739
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	516.2000	0.4770	4.0308	9.0000	AID680360
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	264.0000	2.7000	2.7000	2.7000	AID1219943
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	895.5000	0.4200	4.6183	9.3000	AID679320
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acyl carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assembly	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulation	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathway	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretion	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA repair	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
NADH metabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
proteasomal protein catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
macroautophagy	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
viral genome replication	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
translesion synthesis	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to heat	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule disassembly	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
interstrand cross-link repair	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ERAD pathway	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of protein localization	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP metabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synapse organization	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
aggresome assembly	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to misfolded protein	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide catabolic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagosome maturation	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-DNA covalent cross-linking repair	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein localization to chromatin	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein K63-linked deubiquitination	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of Lys63-specific deubiquitinase activity	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of aerobic respiration	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to arsenite ion	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localization to chromatin	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindle disassembly	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
inorganic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
renal tubular secretion	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expression	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic process	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA binding	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
deubiquitinase activator activity	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
K48-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ADP binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-modified protein reader activity	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
BAT3 complex binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-specific protease binding	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
chloride ion binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid droplet	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
VCP-NPL4-UFD1 AAA ATPase complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumen	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumen	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
VCP-NSFL1C complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
Derlin-1 retrotranslocation complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase complex	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (1825)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588459	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588459	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588459	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, Validation compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588461	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588461	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588461	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, Validation compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588460	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588460	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588460	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, Validation Compound Set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID588349	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347049	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347410	qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library	2019	Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60	A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID504836	Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation	2002	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16	Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347151	Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347405	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID588378	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347057	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347059	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347058	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347050	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347045	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1869616	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD-169 infected in HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured after 14 days	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID248813	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID248724	Compound concentration to reduce virus cytopathic effect by 50% tested against herpes simplex virus-1(KOS) using Vero cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID1462038	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederle infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID106528	Inhibitory concentration against 2599R strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID1661192	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation incubated for 3 days by Coulter counter method	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID278220	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2311 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID87493	In vitro antiviral and anticellular activity was evaluated against herpes simplex virus HSV-1 (F strain) in vero cells tissue culture	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID114974	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 15 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID288919	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient HSV1 B2006 in E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID383510	Cytotoxicity against human E6SM cells	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID383514	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in human E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID350199	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human foreskin fibroblast cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID86048	Antiviral activity in Herpes simplex virus-1 assayed by ELISA in quadruplicate wells	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID1230105	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID83039	Minimal cytotoxic concentration required to cause a microscopically visible alteration of HEL cell morphology as measured at day 7 postinfection	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7	Discovery of a new family of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) based upon lipophilic alkyl furano pyrimidine dideoxy nucleosides: action via a novel non-nucleosidic mechanism.
AID63718	Percent inhibition of viral DNA in the presence of 10 mg/mL compound compared to untreated infected controls in duck hepatocytes; ND means Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID249220	Minimum cytotoxic compound concentration to induce microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology, using Vero cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID510759	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in NHLF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID80127	compound was tested for antiherpes activity against HCMV(AD 169) in tissue culture by plaque reduction assay	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID383516	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in human E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID1407617	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella Zoster virus Oka strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced plaque formation	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID85112	Inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (196) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID1684813	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopic analysis	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID88284	Evaluated for DNA polymerase inhibition activity against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID572820	Antiviral activity against Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (strain 22122; ATCC VR-682) infected in guinea pig lung fibroblast after 6 to 7 days by plaque reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Establishment of a cell-based assay for screening of compounds inhibiting very early events in the cytomegalovirus replication cycle and characterization of a compound identified using the assay.
AID82700	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) AD 169 strain HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-04, Volume: 40, Issue:14	A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities.
AID82395	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) by plaque reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of fluorosugar analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole as antivirals with potentially increased glycosidic bond stability.
AID209950	Concentration required to reduce the proliferation of PHA stimulated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes; ND means Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID126879	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 1.9 mg/kg at 24 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1337442	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology after 3 days by microscopic method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID383512	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in human E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID249219	Cytotoxic compound concentration to reduce neutral red uptake by 50% using MRC-5 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID548427	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID95856	Inhibition of KB cell growth was determined	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-substituted 4,5-dichloro- and 4,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID387854	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology by MTS assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of acyclic azanucleosides developed from sulfanilamide as a lead structure.
AID1219944	Transport efficiency, ratio of maximal rate of transport to Km for drug transport in human OAT2 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells measured per mg of protein	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID498601	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A5 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID518849	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3261 harboring Frt motif upstream of UL97 kinase infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID81027	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against Varicella zoster TK+OKA strain; Not determined	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID257891	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID1219942	Drug transport in human OAT2 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells assessed as maximal rate of transport measured per mg of protein	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID498589	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR6 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID85421	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against 196 strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus-2	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID221305	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) with strains KOS	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID1219934	Drug transport in human OAT1 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells at 0.19 uM for 10 mins relative to control	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID83031	Inhibition of human CMV DNA synthesis in CMV-infected HEL cells.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Haloanilino derivatives of pyrimidines, purines, and purine nucleoside analogs: synthesis and activity against human cytomegalovirus.
AID165291	Percent inhibition of protein kinase C at 100 uM (not tested)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID307431	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	2-Aryl-2-hydroxyethylamine substituted 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as broad-spectrum inhibitors of human herpesvirus polymerases.
AID95677	Antiviral activity was estimated by HSV-1 ELISA method (data of single experiment)	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of carbohydrate-modified pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7-one nucleosides.
AID518825	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3327 expressing UL97 kinase C603S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID82034	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 virus infected HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID119464	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 1.9 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID510788	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF at 20 uM treated after 33 hrs postinfection measured after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID82039	Effects on cell morphology of HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID510756	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID85423	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against Lyons strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus-2	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID412418	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-sensitive HSV1 L177 isolate replication in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID516960	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL assessed as reduction in virus-induce cytopathicity	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID1312418	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 118	1'-Homonucleosides and their structural analogues: A review.
AID1337441	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID1256247	Cytotoxicity against human HEL299 cells after 3 days by MTT assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID68268	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-1 (F) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID1498129	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID248811	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleosides.
AID255989	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Ad169 (V823A) plaque forming unit grown on Human foreskin fibroblast cells upon incubation for 1 hour at 37 degrees C with compound dissolved in DMSO	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID1422438	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by microscopic method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:21	Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of a novel series of fused 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anti-coronavirus agents.
AID246311	Effective concentration required to reduce CMV AD169 strain virus plaque formation by 50% in HEL cell culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID498590	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR7 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID244774	Minimum cytotoxic concentration that caused a microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology in E6SM Cell Culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID518646	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3264 expressing UL97 kinase G623S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID256006	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (Webster strain) grown on human foreskin fibroblast cells determined by vedduction in plaque formation upon incubation at 37 degrees C with the compound dissolved in DMSO until plaque were formed; [nd = no	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID87302	Percentage of monophosphates (MP) formed in the first step of staggered assay compound was incubated with HSV-1 thymidine kinase for 4 hr	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID326138	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 2 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID387577	Cytotoxicity against CRFK cells assessed as decrease in cell viability by MTS assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of acyclic azanucleosides developed from sulfanilamide as a lead structure.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID606842	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Towne infected in HFF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation after 10 days	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 21, Issue:13	Synthesis, transport and antiviral activity of Ala-Ser and Val-Ser prodrugs of cidofovir.
AID409958	Inhibition of bovine brain MAOA	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 51, Issue:21	Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
AID280186	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID584547	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2 infected in mouse J774A.1 cells assessed as protection against bacteria-induced cytotoxicity using propidium iodide staining after 3 hrs measured every hours for up to 7 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID126888	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 5.6 mg/kg at 48 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID121713	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 30 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice; 12/16	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID718738	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID95860	In vitro inhibition of KB (human carcinoma) cell growth.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-modified analogs of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID766677	Antiviral activity against human Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Synthesis and broad spectrum antiviral evaluation of bis(POM) prodrugs of novel acyclic nucleosides.
AID1251992	Cytotoxicity against human cytomegalovirus infected HEL cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 3 days by coulter counter method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Toward the discovery of dual HCMV-VZV inhibitors: Synthesis, structure activity relationship analysis, and cytotoxicity studies of long chained 2-uracil-3-yl-N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetamides.
AID91306	Concentration of the drug required to reduce the proliferation of human foreskin fibroblast cells	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID1394850	Cytostatic activity against HEL cells after 3 days by Coulter counting method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID1209341	Ratio of drug level in cerebrospinal fluid to unbound plasma concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID288920	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient HSV1 VMW1837 in E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID326210	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Towne infected in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 16, Issue:5	Fluorinated methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides. Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-9-{[(2-fluoromethyl-2-hydroxymethyl)-cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenine and -guanine.
AID516205	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3130 expressing UL97 kinase V665I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID84947	Tested for antiviral activity against HSV-2 (G)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID340469	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS by plaque reduction assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis of 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamides with broad-spectrum human herpesvirus polymerase inhibition.
AID510787	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF at 10 times EC50 treated after 168 hrs postinfection measured after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1782674	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 220	Phenoxazine nucleoside derivatives with a multiple activity against RNA and DNA viruses.
AID412420	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-sensitive HCMV1 isolate replication in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID434307	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID96357	Cytotoxicity against human neoplastic cell line (KB)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID106011	Visual cytotoxicity of stationary MRC-5 cells, median toxic concentration is evaluated by anti HCMV plaque reduction assay performed in MRC-5 cells using the AD169 strain of HCMV	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID55111	Antiviral activity against clinical isolates of human origin CMV-strainA	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:21	Chlorophenylmethyl benzothiadiazine dioxides derivatives: potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID595588	Antiviral activity against Cowpox virus (Brighton Red) infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral-induced cytopathic effect by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID66004	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (KOS) strain of HSV-1 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID416776	Antiviral activity against VSV in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID1498115	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID84226	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (McIntyre) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID1407611	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 1 KOS strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID257899	Antiviral activity against Respiratory syncytial virus in HeLa cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID518832	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3258 expressing UL97 kinase A594E mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID658739	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID296676	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID658759	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID90952	Cytotoxicity of compound was determined visually in human diploid fibroblasts (HFF).	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine nucleosides: an entry into a novel series of adenosine analogues.
AID434325	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella Zoster Virus 07/1 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID84085	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (F) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID383515	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID391675	Cytotoxicity against RG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 5-[(18)f]fluoroalkyl pyrimidine nucleosides for molecular imaging of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression.
AID118399	Mean survival time of HSV-2 induced mortality in mice was determined when the 10 mg/Kg of compound was administered subcutaneously	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID510769	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MRC5 cells to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus infected in human MRC5 cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID82116	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 was determined; No inhibition	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 33, Issue:9	Synthesis of new (+-)-3,5-dihydroxypentyl nucleoside analogues from 1-amino-5-(benzyloxy)pentan-3-ol and their antiviral evaluation.
AID1561398	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs or 10 days by MTT assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID81905	Inhibitory activity against human foreskin fibroblast cell proliferation	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues of 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl)uracils.
AID151166	Cytotoxic concentration against HSV-1 TK- transfected osteosarcoma cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted derivatives of the potent antiherpes agent (north)-methanocarbathymine.
AID518860	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3258 expressing UL97 kinase A594E mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID63607	Tested for antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-HSV-2G) virus in E6SM cell line(human embryonic skin-muscle fibroblasts)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID87343	Concentration required to decrease the growth rate to 50% of control was evaluated against HSV-1 by using plaque reduction assay.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine nucleosides: an entry into a novel series of adenosine analogues.
AID105856	Cytotoxic dose for anti-HCMV activity against AD-169 strain in MRC-5 cells	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Antiviral oligo- and polyribonucleotides containing selected triazolo[2,3-a]purines.
AID1443980	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in fall armyworm sf9 cell plasma membrane vesicles assessed as reduction in vesicle-associated [3H]-taurocholate transport preincubated for 10 mins prior to ATP addition measured after 15 mins in presence of [3H]-tauroch	2010	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Dec, Volume: 118, Issue:2	Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development.
AID1854965	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID654298	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 16.7 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 5.1 +/- 0.9 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID68270	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-1 (McIntyre) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID121406	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and mean survival time was reported at a dose 5 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID400429	Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for VZV 3CV-1 by plaque neutralization over IC50 for human Hep2 cells	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID83180	Concentration required to reduce CMV (Davis) plaque formation by 50% at 100 plaque forming units(PFU) in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 35, Issue:12	(+-)-carbocyclic 5'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine and related purine derivatives: synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID119470	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 16.7 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID588218	FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID768186	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by MTS assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID1869621	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with VZV Ellen virus assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer-glo assay to EC50 for antiviral activity against VZV Ellen infected in HFF cells assessed as inhi	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID1451460	Antiviral activity against ACV-resistant thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID444052	Hepatic clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID518855	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3216 expressing UL97 kinase A588V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID90769	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in plaque reduction assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain disubstituted benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID518857	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2258 expressing UL97 kinase C592G mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID246316	Effective concentration required to reduce HSV-1 strain KOS virus plaque formation by 50% in E6SM Cell Culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID634746	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID80106	Tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by plaque assay	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of 4-amino-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7(6H)-one and related derivatives.
AID79944	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, AD169 strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID83179	Concentration required to reduce CMV(Davis) plaque formation by 50% at 20 plaque forming units(PFU) in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 35, Issue:12	(+-)-carbocyclic 5'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine and related purine derivatives: synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID245994	Cytotoxic concentration against AD169 strain of human cytomegalovirus infected HFF cells of human (by neutral red uptake)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID246475	Effective concentration of the compound to reduce plaque-formation of Cytomegalovirus davis strain in human embryonic lungcell cultures	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID766699	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID96373	Inhibition of KB cell growth was determined.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of trisubstituted indole N-nucleosides as analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB).
AID118231	Mean day of death for total no. of dead mouse at 25 mg/kg/day dosep<0.05	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID257900	Antiviral activity against Coxsackie virus B4 in HeLa cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID95831	Cytotoxicity for the compound was determined by the inhibition of the growing KB cells.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain novel pyrazinoic acid C-nucleosides.
AID83333	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells in cell growth	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID609572	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella-zoster virus 07/1 assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID363784	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as change in cell morphology	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6	The novel primaquine derivatives of N-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl urea: synthesis, cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID588217	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1410503	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect measured after 2 to 3 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID444053	Renal clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID79969	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, AD169 strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID372974	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2417 pol A809V mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by plaque reduction assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID65705	Minimum cytotoxic concentration required to cause a microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID82553	The concentration required to reduce cell growth by 50% was measured on Human Embryonic Lung (HEL) cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-08, Volume: 42, Issue:7	Novel potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infection: synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of benzothiadiazine dioxide acyclonucleosides.
AID87028	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-1 (McIntyre)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID1561401	Antiviral activity against EBV infected in human AKATA cells assessed as reduction in IgG-induced lytic virus replication measured at 48 hrs post-lytic induction by qRT-PCR analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID133911	Mean time survival (MTS) of the mice at the end of 28 or 49 days.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID518846	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3184 expressing UL97 kinase L405P mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID66001	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (196) strain of HSV-2 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID365170	Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl cytosine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID1113472	Antiviral activity against Felid herpesvirus 1 infected cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID63765	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against TK-Herpes simplex virus type 1 (B2006 strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID278225	Antiviral activity against Human CMV Towne in MRC5 cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID55088	Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tested for activity against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) using Davis strain	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 39, Issue:14	Synthesis of acyclo-C-nucleosides in the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and pyrimidine series as antiviral agents.
AID280177	Antiviral activity against HSV2 Lyons in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID766710	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID1462039	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID105989	Compound was tested for cytotoxicity by measuring inhibition of MRC-5 cell proliferation.	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 8, Issue:24	Identification of novel nucleotide phosphonate analogs with potent anti-HCMV activity.
AID498597	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID588214	FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1765507	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HEL 299 cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus expressing ADCREGFP infected in human Hel-299 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication by measuring GFP fluorescence incubated fo	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Metal binding 6-arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones inhibited human cytomegalovirus by targeting the pUL89 endonuclease of the terminase complex.
AID463989	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 to 3 days by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID296674	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient VZV 07/1 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID218505	Concentration required to inhibit plaque formation by HSV-1 strain KOS (TK+) in monolayers of vero cells; ND means Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID481587	Antiviral activity against VZV Webster infected in HFF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 20, Issue:10	Modifications of C-2 on the pyrroloquinoline template aimed at the development of potent herpesvirus antivirals with improved aqueous solubility.
AID569239	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells after 3 days by coulter counter analysis	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of new C5-(1-substituted-1,2,3-triazol-4 or 5-yl)-2'-deoxyuridines and their antiviral evaluation.
AID611617	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID687668	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 57	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of bis(POM) prodrugs of (E)-[4'-phosphono-but-2'-en-1'-yl]purine nucleosides.
AID96348	Compound was tested for the inhibition of KB cell growth in quadruplicate wells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tricyclic nucleosides (dimensional probes) as analogues of certain antiviral polyhalogenated benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID510762	Cytotoxicity against HEL299 cells infected with human cytomegalovirus after 7 days by alamar blue assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID126889	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 5.6 mg/kg at 6 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID217766	In vitro antiviral activity was measured against HSV-2(G) in Vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID79971	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, Davis strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID595578	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with Varicella-zoster virus Ellen assessed as viable cells by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID444057	Fraction escaping hepatic elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID444058	Volume of distribution at steady state in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1561424	Antiviral activity against pp28-luciferase expressing HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral replication treated with compound immediately after viral infection at MOI of 1 PFU/cell followed by compound washout after 6 hrs a	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID518639	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2259 expressing UL97 kinase M460V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID66005	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (Lyons) strain of HSV-2 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID90938	antiviral activity in Human cytomegalovirus by plaque assay given as yield	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID539916	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID1561430	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral entry into host cell by measuring nuclear localization of pp65 at 5 uM treated with compound for 24 hrs followed by viral infection at MOI of 0.01 to 1 PFU/ce	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID510782	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant human cytomegalovirus isolate E17251S infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1407618	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella Zoster virus 07-1 strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced plaque formation	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID90788	Activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) using plaque reduction assay	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-02, Volume: 37, Issue:18	Benzimidazole ribonucleosides: design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2-(alkylthio)- and 2-(benzylthio)-5,6-dichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID412422	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV U405 isolate replication in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID655432	Antiviral activity against HSV-2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathogenicity	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID280178	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID665386	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of C5-substituted-(1,3-diyne)-2'-deoxyuridines.
AID90776	Antiviral activity was tested against human cytomegalovirus Davis which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID81040	Minimum cytotoxic concentration against HEL cell morphology.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID246223	Effective concentration against AD-169 strain of CMV virus expressed in HEL cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 48, Issue:3	Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral evaluation of the novel cycloalkyl-N-aryl-hydroxamic acids.
AID106175	Inhibitory activity of compound against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in MRC-5 cells.	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-08, Volume: 46, Issue:10	Antiviral amphipathic oligo- and polyribonucleotides: analogue development and biological studies.
AID88283	In vitro anti viral activity tested against HSV-1(Schooler) virus on Rabbit kidney cell cultures; 1-3	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID124310	oral efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 25 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 1/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID63947	Tested for cytotoxic activity in human embryonic skin muscle fibroblast (E6SM)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID309813	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID1636357	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP3A4-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 300 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of NA	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID658618	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID393981	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as morphological alteration after 3 days	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID609573	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella-zoster virus YS/R assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID90937	Tested in vitro for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in yield reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID1684814	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation measured on 6 to 7 post-viral infection	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID260290	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis in human embryonic lung cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 49, Issue:4	Inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by 6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine and 6'-chloro-6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine. Antiviral and cytotoxic effects.
AID1726781	Antiviral activity against VZV infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 14 days by cell-titer glo assay	2021	RSC medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 12, Issue:5	Introduction of a cyano group at the 2-position of an (
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID611626	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counter	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID22156	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 0.8 mg/kg administered subcutaneously; Tested mice 10	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID1610149	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by Giemsa staining based microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID274896	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 2.5 uM 1-[6-(triphenylmethoxy)hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID388919	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07/1 in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral cytopathicity	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID518856	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3244 expressing UL97 kinase A588V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID539919	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant TK deficient Herpes simplex virus-1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID82559	Antiviral activity in a cell-based plaque reduction assay, using an HFF cell line and the Davis strain of HCMV	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-18, Volume: 10, Issue:18	Naphthalene carboxamides as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID217678	compound was tested for antiherpes activity against VZV(Ellen) in tissue culture by plaque reduction assay	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID244773	Minimum cytotoxic concentration required to cause a microscopically visible alteration of HEL fibroblast cell morphology	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors.
AID82063	Visual cytotoxicity of compound on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-16, Volume: 39, Issue:4	Structure-activity relationships among 2-substituted 5,6-dichloro-, 4,6-dichloro-, and 4,5-dichloro-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- and -1-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]benzimidazoles.
AID86684	Effective concentration required to inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-induced cytopathicity by 50% in HeLa cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID82227	Visual cytotoxicity of stationary MRC-5 cells, median toxic concentration is evaluated by anti HCMV plaque reduction assay performed in HFF Cell line Hs 68	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID444055	Fraction absorbed in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID516958	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL assessed as reduction in virus-induce cytopathicity	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID132940	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 5.6 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID119465	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 1.9 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID516964	Cytotoxicity against HEL	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID85422	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against G strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus-2	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID121734	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 15 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID246259	Effective concentration required to reduce vaccinia virus plaque formation by 50% in E6SM Cell Culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID85372	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 1 strain F in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID307433	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells after 3 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	2-Aryl-2-hydroxyethylamine substituted 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as broad-spectrum inhibitors of human herpesvirus polymerases.
AID434311	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant thymidine kinase-deficient HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID259179	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclic and acyclic 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone nucleoside derivatives.
AID680360	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OCT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID82689	Compound was tested for anti-viral activity against HSV-1TK neg in HEL cells; ND=Not determined	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID1710786	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as changes in cell morphology incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopy	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID1113468	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID1561402	Antiviral activity against Mouse Cytomegalovirus Smith (ATCC VR-1399) infected in mouse MEF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation measured after 3 days by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID119591	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 5.6 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1410511	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 3 days by coulter counting method	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID1337439	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID132938	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 5.6 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID82257	Antiviral activity against towne strain HCMV was determined by plaque reduction assay in duplicate wells using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tricyclic nucleosides (dimensional probes) as analogues of certain antiviral polyhalogenated benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID432170	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID1854962	Antiviral activity against HSV-2 G strain infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID1710800	Cytotoxicity against dog MDCK cells assessed as changes in cell morphology incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopy	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID106149	In vitro effective concentration required to inhibit murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) replication in MEF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID121712	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 3 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice; 4/16	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID63914	Effective concentration required to inhibit Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) induced cytopathicity by 50% in E6SM cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID85125	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-2 (196) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID1561396	Antiviral activity against GCV-resistant HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation treated with compound following viral infection and incubated for 8 to 10 days by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID258992	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 strain	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID293733	Cytotoxicity against MRC5 cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6	Antiviral activity of berberine and related compounds against human cytomegalovirus.
AID82693	Effective concentration required to inhibit HCMV Davis strain-induced cytopathicity in human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblast cell cultures at day 7 of postinfection	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7	Discovery of a new family of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) based upon lipophilic alkyl furano pyrimidine dideoxy nucleosides: action via a novel non-nucleosidic mechanism.
AID260294	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 49, Issue:4	Inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by 6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine and 6'-chloro-6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine. Antiviral and cytotoxic effects.
AID284531	Antiviral activity against in Vesicular stomatitis virus-induced cytopathogenicity in E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID217764	In vitro antiviral activity was measured against HSV-1 (MP-PAA/DHPG) in Vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID84228	Inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (McIntyre) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID246381	Effective concentration for antiviral activity against AD169 strain of human cytomegalovirus in plaque reduction assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID82691	Effective concentration against human cytomegalovirus Davies strain in HEL cell cultures	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-acyl-beta-lactams and 1-acylazetidines derived from phenylalanine.
AID636696	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Copenhagen infected in HFF cells incubated for 3 days by plaque reduction assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID82432	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) by yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of fluorosugar analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole as antivirals with potentially increased glycosidic bond stability.
AID354674	Antiviral activity against mouse cytomegalovirus assessed as effect on virus-induced cytopathic effect	1996	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 59, Issue:8	Two new naphthoquinones with antiviral activity from Rhinacanthus nasutus.
AID498407	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate E2490 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID563747	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID518864	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3146 expressing UL97 kinase K599R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID84405	compound was tested for antiherpes activity against HSV-1(Schooler) in tissue culture by plaque reduction assay	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID121732	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose; NS=Not significant	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID85889	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HSV-1; Not determined	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-07, Volume: 8, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene.
AID498608	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MP1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID548425	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID350198	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID1616222	Inhibition of UL42 gene transcription in HSV-1 infected in African green monkey Vero cells at 10 uM by qRT-PCR analysis	2019	Journal of natural products, 09-27, Volume: 82, Issue:9	Natural Hydroxamate-Containing Siderophore Acremonpeptides A-D and an Aluminum Complex of Acremonpeptide D from the Marine-Derived
AID82420	Tested for cytotoxicity in human foreskin fibroblasts at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of 4-amino-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7(6H)-one and related derivatives.
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID463991	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 to 3 days by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID498588	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR5 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID81029	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against Varicella zoster TK+YS strain; Not determined	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID70228	In vitro antiviral activity against Epstein Barr virus (EBV) was determined; ND= Not determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID85373	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 1 strain KOS in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID611621	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID766711	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as morphological changes	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID79965	Concentration required for 90% inhibition of HCMV replication was measured using a yield reduction assay	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-substituted 4,5-dichloro- and 4,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID82536	Concentration required against HEL cell proliferation	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Novel bicyclic furanopyrimidines with dual anti-VZV and -HCMV activity.
AID266288	Antiviral activity against HBV M204I mutant transfected in B1 cell line at 10 ug/mL	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 49, Issue:12	Effect of various pyrimidines possessing the 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl] moiety, able to mimic natural 2'-deoxyribose, on wild-type and mutant hepatitis B virus replication.
AID90596	In vitro anti viral activity tested against HCMV(AD169) virus on MRC-5 cell monolayers; 0.4-1.6	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID1451465	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as cell growth inhibition by cell counting method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID1782676	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 3 days by beckman coulter counting method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 220	Phenoxazine nucleoside derivatives with a multiple activity against RNA and DNA viruses.
AID391674	Cytotoxicity against HSV1-tk gene overexpressing RG2TK+ cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 5-[(18)f]fluoroalkyl pyrimidine nucleosides for molecular imaging of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression.
AID65710	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 TK-VMW 1837 (HSV-1) in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID81364	In vitro antiviral (HCMV-AD169) activity of the compound (Concentration required to reduce 50% of the plaques) determined by plaque reduction assay.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)- 6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir.
AID79954	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against HCMV in viral cytopathic effect(CPE) assay	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID80088	Tested for antiviral activity against HCMV in Davis cell line	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-26, Volume: 11, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel D- and L-2'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyribofuranosyl-4'-thiopyrimidines and purines.
AID119468	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 16.7 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1462033	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient ACV-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID756520	Cytotoxicity against HEL	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-[ω-(phenoxy)alkyl]uracil derivatives and analogues thereof.
AID463999	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID429202	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell growth after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID681942	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 5 uM, GCV: 1000 uM) in OCT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID510771	Antiviral activity against 0.001 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID216189	Antiviral activity was determined in plaque reduction assay in vero cells against HSV-1 F strain	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID42127	ELISA assay was performed using BSC-1 cells to determine activity against HSV-1	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of trisubstituted indole N-nucleosides as analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB).
AID756521	Antiviral actiivty against Human herpesvirus 5 Davis infected in HEL assessed as reduction of virus-induced plaque formation	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-[ω-(phenoxy)alkyl]uracil derivatives and analogues thereof.
AID86827	Percentage of diphosphates (DP) in the second step of staggered assay mixture from step 1 was incubated with GMP kinase and crude extract of HSV-1 infected HeLa cells over night	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID90979	Cytotoxicity of compound was determined by assaying cell growth in human neoplastic cell line(KB).	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine nucleosides: an entry into a novel series of adenosine analogues.
AID82404	Cytotoxicity was evaluated against the Human diploid cells (HFF)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 32, Issue:2	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin.
AID293735	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for MRC5 cells to IC50 for HCMV	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6	Antiviral activity of berberine and related compounds against human cytomegalovirus.
AID429197	Antiviral activity against Varicella zoster virus OKA infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 5 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID53466	Inhibition of DNA polymerase	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID106536	Inhibitory concentration against Towne strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID297315	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID81057	Concentration required to inhibit TK-VZV (YSR) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID246308	Effective concentration required to reduce HSV-2 strain G virus plaque formation by 50% in E6SM Cell Culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID665762	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells after 3 to 8 days by crystal voilet staining	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 20, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain second generation methylenecyclopropane nucleosides.
AID134100	Topical treatment of intracutaneous TK- herpes simplex virus type 1 of strain VMW 1837 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 1% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID209532	Inhibitory concentration against TK-HSV type 1 strain B2006 in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID1498114	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID45932	Inhibitory concentration against CMV strain Davis in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID83329	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against TK-Varicella zoster virus (YS-R strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID1422439	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 strain G infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by microscopic method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:21	Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of a novel series of fused 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anti-coronavirus agents.
AID116580	Effect of on mean survival time upon oral treatment on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 10 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1572731	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient and aciclovir resistant herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID90778	In vitro antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by plaque method.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and evaluation of certain thiosangivamycin analogs as potential inhibitors of cell proliferation and human cytomegalovirus.
AID658752	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID80112	Concentration required for 90% inhibition of HCMV replication was measured using a yield reduction assay	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-chloro-5,6-dihalo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID83711	Tested for antiviral activity against HSV-1 (TK-KOS)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID246353	Effective concentration required to inhibit Coxsackie B3 virus induced cytopathicity in vero cells; not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cis-substituted cyclohexenyl and cyclohexanyl nucleosides.
AID419591	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID21089	Compound was tested for solubility in water at 25 degree C	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)- 6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir.
AID106532	Inhibitory concentration against C8805 strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells; ND means not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID539928	Antiviral activity against Feline herpes virus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID122218	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 1.5 mg/kg dose; 8/15	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1661188	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity measured after 6 to 7 days	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID90766	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by plaque reduction assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis of non-nucleoside analogs of toyocamycin, sangivamycin, and thiosangivamycin: the effect of certain 4- and 4,6-substituents on the antiviral activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID68766	Anti-HCMV activity against F2002 cell line	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 8, Issue:24	Design and synthesis of a novel class of nucleotide analogs with anti-HCMV activity.
AID498600	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A4 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID83024	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus (TK- VZV) strain YS/R plaque formation by 50%.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID80103	Concentration required for 50% inhibition of HCMV replication was measured using a Plaque reduction assay	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-chloro-5,6-dihalo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID1427832	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity
AID248696	Compound concentration to reduce virus cytopathic effect by 50% tested against herpes simplex virus-1(G) using Vero cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID1410509	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect measured after 6 to 7 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID82416	Inhibitory concentration against human cytomegalovirus replication in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID1382165	Antiviral activity against Varicella zoster virus Oka infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral plaque formation	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID510753	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID278224	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2311 in HFF cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID553339	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant thymidine kinase deficient HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 7 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID79952	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against HCMV in DNA hybridization assay	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID248940	Cytotoxicity against KB cells was determined by crystal violet staining and spectrophotometric quantitation of dye eluted from stained cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-formyl- and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleoside derivatives.
AID275069	Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID126887	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 5.6 mg/kg at 24 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID122214	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose; 0/19	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1684816	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster virus 07-1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation measured on day 5 post-viral infection	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID91288	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 32 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID297311	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction of cell growth	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID63767	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Vesicular stomatitis virus	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID588219	FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID124306	Subcutaneous efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 50 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 10/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID539917	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID611625	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counter	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID1219930	Drug transport in human OAT2 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells at 0.19 uM for 10 mins relative to control	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID1616221	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of GFP expression after 72 hrs by GFP-based fluorescence microscopic analysis	2019	Journal of natural products, 09-27, Volume: 82, Issue:9	Natural Hydroxamate-Containing Siderophore Acremonpeptides A-D and an Aluminum Complex of Acremonpeptide D from the Marine-Derived
AID588216	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID246718	Effective concentration of compound required to reduce plaque formation by VZV07/1 strain of thymidine kinase(TK-) deficient VZ virus in human embryonic lung cells; ND=Not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID103951	Number of survivors per number of systemic MCMV infected mice treated with 11.2 mg/kg per day; 15/15	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID464182	Cytotoxicity against acyclovir-sensitive Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected HEL cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID83500	Cytotoxic concentration to reduce HEL cell growth by 50%; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID680950	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PGF2alpha uptake (PGF2alpha: 0.005 uM, GCV: 1000 uM) in OAT2-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID340471	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis by plaque reduction assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis of 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamides with broad-spectrum human herpesvirus polymerase inhibition.
AID296672	Antiviral activity against TK+ VZV YS in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID416777	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient and acyclovir resistant HSV1 KOS in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID124302	Subcutaneous efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 12.5 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 7/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID518637	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3184 expressing UL97 kinase L405P mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID79949	In vitro antiviral activity tested against MCMV Smith strain by plaque reduction assay in mouse embryo fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID498596	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR2 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID85129	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-2 (Lyons) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID245945	Cytotoxic concentration against murine cytomegalovirus infected MEF cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID658754	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell viability by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID294707	Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells by alamar blue assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8	SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors.
AID523525	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis after 72 hrs by qPCR	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID1256248	Solubility of compound in double-deionized water after 3 days by LC-MS/MS analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID82431	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against Towne strain of HCMV in a yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID607906	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 19, Issue:14	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides.
AID307432	Antiviral activity against VZV Webster in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	2-Aryl-2-hydroxyethylamine substituted 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as broad-spectrum inhibitors of human herpesvirus polymerases.
AID35823	Compound was evaluated for the inhibitory activity against Human alpha polymerase; No data	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-18, Volume: 10, Issue:18	Naphthalene carboxamides as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID151167	Cytotoxic concentration against HSV-1 TK-transfected osteosarcoma cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted derivatives of the potent antiherpes agent (north)-methanocarbathymine.
AID81048	Concentration required to cause 50% reduction in HEL cell growth.	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID293734	Antiviral activity against HCMV in MRC5 cells by plaque reduction assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 17, Issue:6	Antiviral activity of berberine and related compounds against human cytomegalovirus.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID303439	Cytotoxicity against MCA-TK cells	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 50, Issue:24	Synthesis and evaluation of cis-1-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-yl]-5-[(124)I]iodouracil: a new potential PET imaging agent for HSV1-tk expression.
AID83041	Minimal cytotoxic concentration required to cause a morphological alteration of human embryonic lung fibroblast(HEL) cell cultures	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Novel bicyclic furanopyrimidines with dual anti-VZV and -HCMV activity.
AID400436	Cytotoxicity against VZV 3CV-1 infected human Hep2 cells after 3 days	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID1230099	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alternation of cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID510763	Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells infected with human cytomegalovirus after 7 days by alamar blue assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID516959	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL assessed as reduction in virus-induce cytopathicity	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID1209409	AUC(0 to 7 hrs) in Sprague-Dawley rat brain at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID288915	Cytotoxicity against E6SM cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID217765	In vitro antiviral activity was measured against HSV-1(F) in Vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1457767	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase expressing Varicella-Zoster virus Oka strain assessed as inhibition of plaque formation	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID574181	Clearance in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment for renal function by f	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID1382166	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster virus 07/1 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral plaque formation	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID372973	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV pol T821I mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID132929	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 0.6 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID510755	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus RV-HG infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID81919	In vitro cytotoxic concentration required to inhibit towne strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in HFF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID1209385	AUC(0 to infinity) in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID625277	FDA Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base Benchmark Dataset (LTKB-BD) drugs of less concern for DILI	2011	Drug discovery today, Aug, Volume: 16, Issue:15-16	FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury.
AID303212	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID419595	Antiviral activity against VSV infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID567091	Drug absorption in human assessed as human intestinal absorption rate	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 46, Issue:1	Prediction of drug intestinal absorption by new linear and non-linear QSPR.
AID412421	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV3 isolate replication in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID259182	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in CEM cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclic and acyclic 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone nucleoside derivatives.
AID510780	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus isolate 472 infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1422441	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by microscopic method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:21	Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of a novel series of fused 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anti-coronavirus agents.
AID82435	Inhibitory concentration against human cytomegalovirus replication in HFF cells was determined by yield reduction assay	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID444056	Fraction escaping gut-wall elimination in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID257896	Antiviral activity against Sindbis virus in vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID595592	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HFF cells infected with Cowpox virus (Brighton Red) to EC50 for Cowpox virus (Brighton Red)	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID636698	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne infected in HFF cells incubated for 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID174086	Total amount of Ganciclovir recovered in the urine over a 48 hr period after an oral dose of 0.1 mmol/kg to male SD rat	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)- 6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir.
AID47335	In vitro toxicity against colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-29, Volume: 37, Issue:9	An enantiospecific synthesis of the human cytomegalovirus antiviral agent [(R)-3-((2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-9H-purin-9-yl)methoxy)-4- hydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid.
AID675213	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase negative VZV YS/R infected in HEL cells by plaque formation assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID245928	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce cell growth by 50%; nd=not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 48, Issue:3	Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral evaluation of the novel cycloalkyl-N-aryl-hydroxamic acids.
AID119472	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 5.6 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID636697	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HFF cells incubated for 3 days by plaque reduction assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID83531	Anti CMV (Cytomegalovirus- virus) activity against Davis strain in HEL cells	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID104097	compound was tested for antiherpes activity against MCMV(Smith) in tissue culture by plaque reduction assay	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID68277	Concentration required to inhibit VV induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%.	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID132932	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 1.9 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID288918	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID675210	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase positive VZV YS infected in HEL cells by plaque formation assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID388922	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as morphological alteration after 3 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID303210	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HSV1 KOS TK- in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID286287	Cytotoxicity against DG75 cells after 120 hrs by MTT assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-03, Volume: 50, Issue:9	9-(2-C-Cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosyl)guanine, a potential antitumor agent against B-lymphoma infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
AID1572734	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-zoster virus 07-1 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID1113471	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 1 strain KOS infected human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID392501	Antiviral activity against Human adenovirus 2	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks.
AID1561399	Antiviral activity against HSV 1 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation incubated for 36 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID82402	Compound was tested for visual cytotoxicity on human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of fluorosugar analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole as antivirals with potentially increased glycosidic bond stability.
AID429196	Antiviral activity against Varicella zoster virus YS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 5 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID90770	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCM virus) in plaque assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-16, Volume: 39, Issue:4	Structure-activity relationships among 2-substituted 5,6-dichloro-, 4,6-dichloro-, and 4,5-dichloro-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- and -1-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]benzimidazoles.
AID86030	Concentration at which 50% of the herpes simplex virus type 1 HSV-1 (F) induced cytopathic effect are inhibited is determined	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6'-substituted aristeromycins: potential mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
AID63762	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Herpes simplex virus type 2 (G strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID372969	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV pol A384P mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID1854960	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID563777	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus C8914-6 harboring UL97 I244V, L595F and UL54 L501F mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID35826	Compound was tested for the inhibition of HeLa DNA polymerase	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Enzymatic phosphorylation of the antiherpetic agent 9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID274894	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 10 uM 1-[6-(triphenylmethoxy)hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID82062	Tested for the visual cytotoxicity on HFF cells at the time of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) plaque enumeration	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-02, Volume: 37, Issue:18	Benzimidazole ribonucleosides: design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2-(alkylthio)- and 2-(benzylthio)-5,6-dichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID116579	Effect of on mean survival time upon oral treatment on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 1.5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID654294	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 50 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 4.9 +/- 0.7 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID66950	Minimum cytotoxic concentration in E6SM fibroblast cells	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID96400	Cytotoxicity against human neoplastic cell line(KB cells)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 31, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4- and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID510793	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus replication at 50 nM measured after 24 to 72 hrs of compound wash by fluorescence assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID216480	Antiviral activity against TK- Varicella-Zoster virus YS/R which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID592681	Apparent permeability across human Caco2 cell membrane after 2 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	QSAR-based permeability model for drug-like compounds.
AID654296	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 5.6 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 4.9 +/- 0.7 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID611619	Antiviral activity against VZV 07/1 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID569233	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of new C5-(1-substituted-1,2,3-triazol-4 or 5-yl)-2'-deoxyuridines and their antiviral evaluation.
AID595581	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HFF cells infected with Hepatitis C virus to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus AD169	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID1427830	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation
AID132931	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 1.9 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID574180	Central volume of distribution in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment fo	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID42129	Tested in vitro for cytotoxicity against the monkey kidney cells (BSC-1 cells).	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID114967	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 10 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID90794	Tested in vitro for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in plaque reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID167889	Evaluated for the minimum cytotoxic concentration (MCC) upon preincubation of rabbit kidney cells in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum at 37 degree Celsius for 24 hr	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID1230098	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID79964	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (G)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID1209349	Ratio of unbound brain concentration to drug level in cerebrospinal fluid in Sprague-Dawley rat at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID1726778	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 14 days by cell-titer glo assay	2021	RSC medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 12, Issue:5	Introduction of a cyano group at the 2-position of an (
AID81038	The compound was tested for cytotoxic concentration required to reduce human embryonic lung cell growth by 50%	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID634833	Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus H3N2 infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID96010	cell growth inhibition was determined in KB cells in quadruplicate assays	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID122220	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 15 mg/kg dose; 15/15	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID63758	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (KOS strain) on E6SM cells	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID85127	Inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (Lyons) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID63605	Tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1(KOS) in E6SM cell line(human embryonic skin-muscle fibroblasts)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID290120	Antiviral activity against HSV1 in CCL81 cells	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 42, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of C-fluoro-branched cyclopropyl nucleosides.
AID106154	Inhibitory concentration against murine cytomegalovirus replication in MEF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID523519	Antiviral activity against 0.1 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as inhibition of viral replication up to 72 hrs post infection	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID22160	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg administered subcutaneously; Tested mice 10	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID248901	Compound concentration to reduce virus plague formation by 50% tested against human cytomegalovirus laboratory strains Ad169 using MRC-5 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID165905	Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the antigen production against P3HR-1 strain of epstein barr virus-2 (EBV) in Raji cells; ND is Not Determined	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID87640	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 cell line (concentration required to prevent viral cytopathic effect in half of primary rabbit kidney cell cultures)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID85088	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 HSV-2 (F) expressed as viral rating (VR)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6'-substituted aristeromycins: potential mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
AID634755	Antiviral activity against Parainfluenza-3 virus infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID1219935	Drug transport in human OAT3 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells at 0.19 uM for 10 mins relative to control	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID665387	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of C5-substituted-(1,3-diyne)-2'-deoxyuridines.
AID118397	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 3 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID303209	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID540212	Mean residence time in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID63766	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Vaccinia virus	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID609574	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 strain KOS assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID118400	Mean survival time of HSV-2 induced mortality in mice was determined when the 3 mg/Kg of compound was administered subcutaneously; NS means not significant	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID271111	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Discovery of a novel series of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus primase.
AID116584	Effect of on mean survival time upon oral treatment on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID498593	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR10 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID83488	Minimum inhibitory concentration required to elicit microscopically visible cell morphology in HEL cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID766702	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTS assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID297308	Antiviral activity against CMV AD169 in human HEL cells after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID372967	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2420 with pol G841A mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID1610150	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by Giemsa staining based microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID412417	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HSV1 K143 isolate replication in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID82692	Effective concentration required to inhibit HCMV AD169 strain-induced cytopathicity in human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblast cell cultures at day 7 of postinfection	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7	Discovery of a new family of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) based upon lipophilic alkyl furano pyrimidine dideoxy nucleosides: action via a novel non-nucleosidic mechanism.
AID83036	Concentration required to reduce human embryonic lung (HEL) cell growth by 50%.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 35, Issue:12	(+-)-carbocyclic 5'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine and related purine derivatives: synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID498592	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR9 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID1710790	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID83190	Minimum inhibitory conc. for 50% inhibition of CMV (Davis) virus plaque formation in HEL cells	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Carbocyclic oxetanocins lacking the C-3' methylene.
AID518848	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3326 harboring Frt motif upstream of UL97 kinase N68D L126Q I244V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID383517	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID83032	Concentration that inhibits HCMV yield by 90% relative to control cultures without drugs	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Haloanilino derivatives of pyrimidines, purines, and purine nucleoside analogs: synthesis and activity against human cytomegalovirus.
AID82537	Cytostatic concentration required to inhibit HEL cell proliferation measured at day 4	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7	Discovery of a new family of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) based upon lipophilic alkyl furano pyrimidine dideoxy nucleosides: action via a novel non-nucleosidic mechanism.
AID518869	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3264 expressing UL97 kinase G623S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID245963	Cytotoxic concentration to reduce the 50% cell growth of human embryonic lung cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID91290	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 320 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID228733	Minimum cytotoxic concentration which causes microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology after 2 days of incubation.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID595577	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus (strain AD169) infected in 1 hr pretreated human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral-induced cytopathic effect by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID634749	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID85391	Inhibition of growth of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) by plaque reduction assay in vero cell line	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID87303	Percentage of monophosphates (MP) in the second step of staggered assay mixture from step 1 was incubated with GMP kinase and crude extract of HSV-1 infected HeLa cells over night	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID518854	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID95681	Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxicity by the inhibition of KB cell growth.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of alpha-nucleosides: D- and L-isomers of lyxofuranosyl- and (5-deoxylyxofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID675217	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID16012	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 0.8 mg/kg administered subcutaneously.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID43939	In vitro toxicity against burst forming unit erythroid (BFU-E)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-29, Volume: 37, Issue:9	An enantiospecific synthesis of the human cytomegalovirus antiviral agent [(R)-3-((2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-9H-purin-9-yl)methoxy)-4- hydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid.
AID82415	Inhibitory concentration against human cytomegalovirus replication in HFF cells was determined by cytopathic effect inhibition assay	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID106699	Antiviral activity against herpesvirus MRS-5 cells in tissue culture.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 33, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (S)-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonomethoxy)butyl]guanine.
AID518636	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2789 expressing UL97 kinase L405P mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID82260	Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxicity scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of alpha-nucleosides: D- and L-isomers of lyxofuranosyl- and (5-deoxylyxofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID84591	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against McIntyre strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus-1	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID1661187	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity measured after 6 to 7 days	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID248968	Compound concentration to reduce virus plague formation by 50% tested against human cytomegalovirus laboratory mutant strains D16(UL54 mutation) using MRC-5 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID1572732	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as effect on cell morphology at 0.32 to 200 uM by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID95837	Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the inhibition of KB cell growth; Not tested	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID106530	Inhibitory concentration against AD169 strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID90928	antiviral activity in Human cytomegalovirus by plaque assay (HCMV)	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID217655	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (TK-/TK+VMW1837) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID42134	The compound was tested for cytotoxicity against BSC1 cell	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1473741	Inhibition of human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID518833	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3217 expressing UL97 kinase A594E mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID350197	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Towne infected in human foreskin fibroblast cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID266282	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cell line	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 49, Issue:12	Effect of various pyrimidines possessing the 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl] moiety, able to mimic natural 2'-deoxyribose, on wild-type and mutant hepatitis B virus replication.
AID284533	Antiviral activity against HSV1 TK- KOS ACV-induced cytopathogenicity in E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID510781	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus isolate E16415S infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1854969	Antiviral activity against Human adenovirus 2 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID90767	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalo virus using ELISA	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis of non-nucleoside analogs of toyocamycin, sangivamycin, and thiosangivamycin: the effect of certain 4- and 4,6-substituents on the antiviral activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID68267	Concentration required to cause a microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology in ESM cells	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID444054	Oral bioavailability in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID570662	Drug absorption in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus assessed as first-order absorption rate constant at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice da	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID245891	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce HEL cell growth	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors.
AID65708	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 KOS (HSV-1) in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID81934	Cytotoxicity in HFF cells was estimated by the visual scoring of cells affected by virus infection in the plaque reduction assay (data of single experiment)	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of carbohydrate-modified pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7-one nucleosides.
AID275070	Antiviral activity against vesicular somatitis virus in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID83523	Compound was tested for Anti-VZV activity against 07/1 TK- in HEL cells;d ='not determined'	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID634836	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in CrFK cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID121730	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 20 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID80111	Compound was evaluated for the Yield reduction assays on HCMV virus,	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of alpha-nucleosides: D- and L-isomers of lyxofuranosyl- and (5-deoxylyxofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID236913	Permeability Coefficient in Caco-2 cell culture model	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Exploring the role of different drug transport routes in permeability screening.
AID132935	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 16.7 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID481581	Inhibition of HCMV DNA polymerase infected in HFF cells	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 20, Issue:10	Modifications of C-2 on the pyrroloquinoline template aimed at the development of potent herpesvirus antivirals with improved aqueous solubility.
AID134093	Topical treatment of intracutaneous HSV-1 (KOS) herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 0.3% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID326131	Activity of Herpes B virus recombinant thymidine kinase at 100 uM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID400433	Cytotoxicity against mCMV RM-461 infected human Hep2 cells after 3 days	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID114976	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1410508	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect measured after 6 to 7 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID1610163	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID83529	Compound was tested for Anti-VZV activity against YS/R TK- in HEL cells;d ='not determined'	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID654289	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 16.7 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 67%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID86058	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HSV-1 determined by using ELISA method	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2,5,6-trihalo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID386623	Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells at 100 uM by confocal microscopy	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 51, Issue:19	Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1.
AID1462031	Antiviral activity against wild type Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID248250	Concentration required to inhibit KB cell line growth was determined by crystal violet staining method	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of polyhalogenated imidazole nucleosides: dimensional analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID134095	Topical treatment of intracutaneous HSV-1 (KOS) herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 3% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID258989	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus YS strain	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID611620	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID280182	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID1573775	Antiviral activity against recombinant HCMV AD169 expressing GFP infected in human foreskin fibroblasts measured after 7 days by GFP-based multi-round replication assay	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1	Synthesis of new betulinic acid/betulin-derived dimers and hybrids with potent antimalarial and antiviral activities.
AID518865	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3041 expressing UL97 kinase L600I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID634760	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human Hela cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID518844	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2259 expressing UL97 kinase M460V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID523529	Antiviral activity against 0.01 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as virus yield reduction by yield reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID217489	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against VV	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID82896	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce TK+ Varicella-Zoster virus (TK+ VZV) strain YS plaque formation by 50%	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID1209401	AUC(0 to infinity) in Sprague-Dawley rat cerebrospinal fluid at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID1451464	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07-1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID1382167	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology by microscopic method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID81928	Antiviral activity was determined by the HCMV plaque assay using HFF cells	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of carbohydrate-modified pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7-one nucleosides.
AID55110	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus (AD169) strain(HCMV)	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:21	Chlorophenylmethyl benzothiadiazine dioxides derivatives: potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID1230097	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID539914	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as minimum concentration required to cause microscopically detectable alteration after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID510783	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant human cytomegalovirus isolate 1947R infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID53487	Inhibition of DNA polymerase	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID655434	Antiviral activity against ACV-resistant TK-deficient HSV-1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathogenicity	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID122222	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose; 10/15	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1498128	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID518845	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3346 expressing UL97 kinase M460T mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID634759	Antiviral activity against Punta Toro virus infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID569238	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of new C5-(1-substituted-1,2,3-triazol-4 or 5-yl)-2'-deoxyuridines and their antiviral evaluation.
AID248966	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) r56 strain (UL56 mutant gene) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID45919	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against CMV(AD169) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID116581	Effect of on mean survival time upon oral treatment on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 15 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID84588	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against F strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1)	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID236268	Fraction absorbed in human intestine after oral administration compound was measured	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Exploring the role of different drug transport routes in permeability screening.
AID82056	Cytotoxicity produced in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells was estimated by visual scoring of cells unaffected by virus infection in the plaque-reduction assay.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain disubstituted benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID21263	Permeability coefficient reported (Expressed as Permeability coefficient x 10 e 4 cm/s)	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 39, Issue:24	Computation of brain-blood partitioning of organic solutes via free energy calculations.
AID363782	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6	The novel primaquine derivatives of N-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl urea: synthesis, cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID235552	Ratio of Cytotoxicity concentration to that of virus-inhibitory concentration.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID388923	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as reduction of growth after 3 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID768203	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID83499	Cytotoxic concentration reducing HEL cell growth by 50%.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID95861	Inhibitory activity against growth of KB cell.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain disubstituted benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID121729	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 10 mg/kg dose; NS=Not significant	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID766676	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells after 3 days by Coulter counting method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Synthesis and broad spectrum antiviral evaluation of bis(POM) prodrugs of novel acyclic nucleosides.
AID54956	Tested for antiviral activity against HCMV (AD169)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID518836	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3244 expressing UL97 kinase A588V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1498473	Antiviral activity against GFP-fused Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in primary HFF	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Access to new highly potent antileukemia, antiviral and antimalarial agents via hybridization of natural products (homo)egonol, thymoquinone and artemisinin.
AID1869619	Antiviral activity against VZV Ellen infected in HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured after 14 days	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID79958	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (A)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID87819	In vitro antiviral and anticellular activity was evaluated against herpes simplex virus HSV-2 (G strain) in vero cells.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID91025	Cytotoxic activity in Hs 68 cell line by inhibition of cell proliferation	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-03, Volume: 10, Issue:13	Design and evaluation of dihydroisoquinolines as potent and orally bioavailable human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID80113	Tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by yield reduction assay	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of 4-amino-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7(6H)-one and related derivatives.
AID553336	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells after 3 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID82267	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against C-4 Towne strain of HCMV in yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID284529	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus-induced cytopathogenicity in E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID1726780	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HFF cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against HCMV AD169	2021	RSC medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 12, Issue:5	Introduction of a cyano group at the 2-position of an (
AID756523	Cytotoxicity against HEL assessed as minimum cytotoxic concentration required to cause microscopically detectable alteration in cell morphology	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-[ω-(phenoxy)alkyl]uracil derivatives and analogues thereof.
AID90608	Inhibitory activity against human cytomegalo virus (HCMV) using standard plaque reduction assay	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID434324	Antiviral activity against Varicella Zoster Virus OKA infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID1251991	Cytotoxicity against human cytomegalovirus infected HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopy	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Toward the discovery of dual HCMV-VZV inhibitors: Synthesis, structure activity relationship analysis, and cytotoxicity studies of long chained 2-uracil-3-yl-N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetamides.
AID518641	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2924 expressing UL97 kinase H469Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID518858	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3259 expressing UL97 kinase C592G mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID106153	Cytotoxicity on stationary MEF cells at time of MCMV plaque enumeration in cells not effected by the virus; Not tested	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID122207	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 10 mg/kg dose; 6/20	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID658753	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID1710791	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID65711	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-2 G (HSV-2) in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID258994	Cytotoxic activity against cultured human embryonic lung (HEL) cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID498611	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 infected in rabbits assessed as survival after 5 months	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID216474	Antiviral activity against TK+ Varicella-Zoster virus OKA which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID121737	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID372964	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2784 with pol A809V UL97 C592G double mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID82037	Antiviral activity against TK-HSV-1 virus infected HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID518830	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3252 expressing UL97 kinase A594V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID217763	In vitro antiviral activity was measured against HSV-1 (F delta 305) in Vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1558388	Antiviral activity against Human Cytomegalovirus	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5	p97: An Emerging Target for Cancer, Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Viral Infections.
AID634838	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID588215	FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1394844	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase expressing Varicella-Zoster virus Oka infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 5 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID544708	Cytotoxicity against human foreskin fibroblast after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	A 6-aminoquinolone compound, WC5, with potent and selective anti-human cytomegalovirus activity.
AID257901	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus in HeLa cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID609580	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology after 3 days by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID106005	Inhibitory concentration for anti-HCMV activity against AD-169 strain in MRC-5 cells	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Antiviral oligo- and polyribonucleotides containing selected triazolo[2,3-a]purines.
AID217484	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against VSV	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID90612	Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in plaque reduction assay	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID83331	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against Varicella zoster virus (OKA strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID1241022	Antiviral activity against HCMV infected in HFF after 3 days by neutral red dye-based plaque reduction assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	2- and 3-Fluoro-3-deazaneplanocins, 2-fluoro-3-deazaaristeromycins, and 3-methyl-3-deazaneplanocin: Synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID280176	Antiviral activity against ACV-resistant TK- HSV1 KOS in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID114973	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 1.5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1407616	Cytotoxicity against HELF cells after by Coulter counter method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID1451459	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID106522	Effect of compound treatment on yields of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in MRC5 (human diploid embryonic lung cells) monolayer cultures at the concentration of 32 uM	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 33, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of carbocyclic analogues of lyxofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID63763	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Herpes simplex virus type 2 (Lyons strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID82525	Cytotoxic concentration of compound was tested against HEL299(human embryonic lung fibroblast) cells using cytotoxic assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	Syntheses and structure--activity relationships of novel apio and thioapio dideoxydidehydronucleosides as anti-HCMV agents.
AID119461	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 0.6 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID256536	Toxicity on uninfected human foreskin fibroblast cells determined in microscopic evaluation and quantitative neutral red dye uptake assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID768204	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID675212	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase negative VZV 07/01 infected in HEL cells by plaque formation assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID303215	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID87026	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-1(KOS)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID294708	Cytotoxicity against human bone marrow cells assessed as inhibition of CFU-GM formation after 15 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8	SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors.
AID291027	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of plaque formation after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-28, Volume: 50, Issue:13	Novel C-6 fluorinated acyclic side chain pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, (1)H and (13)C NMR conformational studies, and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations.
AID82401	Compound was tested for visual cytotoxicity on HFF cells unaffected by HCMV at the time of plaque enumeration	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID126877	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg at 48 h followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1573776	Antimalarial activity against ring stage Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in type A-positive human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1 dye-based fluorescence assay	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1	Synthesis of new betulinic acid/betulin-derived dimers and hybrids with potent antimalarial and antiviral activities.
AID563779	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus 1117 harboring UL54 K513N mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID1661190	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster virus 07-1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation measured after 5 days	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID753935	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus infected in HFF after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 21, Issue:13	Artemisinin-derived dimer phosphate esters as potent anti-cytomegalovirus (anti-CMV) and anti-cancer agents: a structure-activity study.
AID105854	Compound was tested for cytotoxicity by measuring inhibition of MRC-5 cell proliferation.	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 8, Issue:24	Identification of novel nucleotide phosphonate analogs with potent anti-HCMV activity.
AID257893	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 1 TK- KOS ACVr strain in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID1394846	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 6 to 7 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID1457766	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis strain infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID271114	Inhibition of human CMV growth by plaque reduction assay	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Discovery of a novel series of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus primase.
AID518645	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3240 expressing UL97 kinase N510S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID282640	Inhibition of HCMV Towne replication in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID117920	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and survivors/total was reported at a dose 20 mg/kg; 8/20	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID294706	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells by alamar blue assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8	SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors.
AID85864	Antiviral activity was measured by plaque assay against HSV-1 virus by ELISA method	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-substituted 4,5-dichloro- and 4,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID584550	Cytotoxicity against mouse J774A1 cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID81224	In vitro inhibition of HCMV (Davis) plaque formation.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID290119	Antiviral activity against HIV1 in MT4 cells	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 42, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of C-fluoro-branched cyclopropyl nucleosides.
AID117825	subcutaneous efficacy of compound in a lethal MCMV infection on mouse	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID654450	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 5.6 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 5.1 +/- 0.9 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID563778	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus 759D100 harboring deletion mutation in UL97 gene and UL54 A987G mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID1610165	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 TK-KOS-ACV infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID68274	Concentration required to inhibit TK-HSV-1 (B2006) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID1230104	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID595576	Antiviral activity against Varicella-zoster virus Ellen infected in 1 hr pretreated human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral-induced cytopathic effect by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID768185	Antiviral activity against feline herpesvirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by MTS assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID432176	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID55112	Antiviral activity against clinical isolates of human origin CMV-strain B	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:21	Chlorophenylmethyl benzothiadiazine dioxides derivatives: potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID1462032	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID55109	Cytotoxicity against Human cytomegalovirus (AD169) strain(HCMV)	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:21	Chlorophenylmethyl benzothiadiazine dioxides derivatives: potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID248192	Concentration required to inhibit plaque formation in human cytomegalovirus cultures was determined	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of polyhalogenated imidazole nucleosides: dimensional analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID299444	Antiviral activity against VZV in human foreskin fibroblast assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 17, Issue:14	7-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamides: synthesis and biological activity of a new class of highly potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID553341	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169/Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 7 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID309812	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID81036	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against cytomegalo virus Davis strain	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID293239	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3	Synthesis and biological activation of an ethylene glycol-linked amino acid conjugate of cyclic cidofovir.
AID634834	Antiviral activity against Influenza B virus infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID63760	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (McIntyre strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID1427831	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity
AID756522	Antiviral actiivty against Human herpesvirus 5 AD169 infected in HEL assessed as reduction of virus-induced plaque formation	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-[ω-(phenoxy)alkyl]uracil derivatives and analogues thereof.
AID126884	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 16.7 mg/kg at 48 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID79970	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, CH strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID65707	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID84229	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (G) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID271113	Inhibition of human CMV growth by viral yield assay	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Discovery of a novel series of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus primase.
AID416786	Cytotoxicity against feline CRFK cells by MTS assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID118396	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 10 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID393987	Antiviral activity against foscarnet-resistant HCMV AD169 clone C infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID132934	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 16.7 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID273044	Inhibition of HCMV AD169 replication in HFF cells by cytopathic effect assay	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 49, Issue:20	9-{[3-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenines and -guanines. Synthesis and antiviral activity of all stereoisomers1.
AID221312	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) with strains G	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID63719	Concentration required to reduce the viral DNA in infected cells to 50% of untreated infected controls.	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID634756	Antiviral activity against Reovirus-1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID63917	Effective concentration required to inhibit Vaccinia virus-induced cytopathicity by 50% in E6SM cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID286286	Cytotoxicity against Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infected BC2 cells after 120 hrs by MTT assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-03, Volume: 50, Issue:9	9-(2-C-Cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosyl)guanine, a potential antitumor agent against B-lymphoma infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
AID256000	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (Davis strain) grown on human foreskin fibroblast cells determined by reduction in plaque formation upon incubation at 37 degrees C with the compound dissolved in DMSO	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID91298	Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for E-377 strain of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in human HFF cells; ND is Not Determined	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID79960	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (C)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1252396	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopy	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102	Novel halogenated 3-deazapurine, 7-deazapurine and alkylated 9-deazapurine derivatives of L-ascorbic or imino-L-ascorbic acid: Synthesis, antitumour and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID271110	Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Discovery of a novel series of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus primase.
AID84217	Inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (KOS) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID1710801	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 3 to 6 days by MTS assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID294701	Antiviral activity against HCMV infected HFF cells after 5 days by dot blot assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8	SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors.
AID654293	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 5.6 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 100%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID1869620	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with VZV Ellen virus assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer-glo assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID1113466	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant thymidine kinase negative Human herpesvirus 1 strain KOS infected human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID90591	Concentration required to inhibit human cytomegalovirus HCMV-AD169 in antiviralplaque reduction assay	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 46, Issue:21	Design and synthesis of pyrrolidine-5,5'-trans-lactams (5-oxo-hexahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles) as novel mechanism-based inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus protease. 4. Antiviral activity and plasma stability.
AID118228	Mean day of death for total no. of dead mouse at 12.5 mg/kg/day dosep<0.05	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID87032	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-2(Lyons)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID340474	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells after 3 days by neutral red dye uptake assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis of 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamides with broad-spectrum human herpesvirus polymerase inhibition.
AID68275	Concentration required to inhibit TK-HSV-1 (VMW2837) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID244770	Minimum cytotoxic concentration of compound that causes alteration of cell morphology in human embryonic lung cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID282656	Cytotoxicity against CEM cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID309815	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as reduction of cell growth after 3 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID1423840	Antiviral activity against GFP-fused Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HFF measured 7 days post infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-08, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Synthesis of Artemisinin-Estrogen Hybrids Highly Active against HCMV,
AID518647	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3329 expressing UL97 kinase C603W mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID569231	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of new C5-(1-substituted-1,2,3-triazol-4 or 5-yl)-2'-deoxyuridines and their antiviral evaluation.
AID257894	Antiviral activity against Parainfluenza-3 virus in vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID445445	Permeability at pH 6.5 by PAMPA method	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1	The permeation of amphoteric drugs through artificial membranes--an in combo absorption model based on paracellular and transmembrane permeability.
AID85378	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 2 strain 196 in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID160324	Compound was evaluated for the inhibitory activity against Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) polymerase; No data	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-18, Volume: 10, Issue:18	Naphthalene carboxamides as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID85379	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 2 strain G in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID498605	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MJ1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID218501	Compound was evaluated for cytotoxicity against stationary Vero cells using MTT assay; ND means Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID1410505	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect measured after 2 to 3 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID297310	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID273045	Cytotoxicity against HFF cell by neutral red uptake assay	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 49, Issue:20	9-{[3-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenines and -guanines. Synthesis and antiviral activity of all stereoisomers1.
AID1427837	Cytotoxicity against virus infected HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology by microscopic method
AID521220	Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation of mouse neural precursor cells by MTT assay	2007	Nature chemical biology, May, Volume: 3, Issue:5	Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.
AID1355623	Antiviral activity against recombinant HCMV AD169 expressing GFP infected in human foreskin fibroblast assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 7 days
AID658619	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID393988	Antiviral activity against cidofovir HCMV AD169 clone 5 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1462037	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID274899	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 2.5 uM 1-[6-[1,1-(diphenyl)-1-(4-pyridyl)methoxy]hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID278227	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2287 in MRC5 cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID246382	Effective concentration for antiviral activity against towne strain of human cytomegalovirus in plaque reduction assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1457765	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID1251989	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral plaque formation	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Toward the discovery of dual HCMV-VZV inhibitors: Synthesis, structure activity relationship analysis, and cytotoxicity studies of long chained 2-uracil-3-yl-N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetamides.
AID294705	Antiviral activity against HCMV infected HFF cells after 5 to 7 days by viral yield assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8	SAR studies on a novel series of human cytomegalovirus primase inhibitors.
AID86059	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity by their capacity to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 virus	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain novel pyrazinoic acid C-nucleosides.
AID766705	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID46567	In vitro anti-HIV screen using HIV-1 infected CD4 lymphocytes (CEM cell line), determines cytotoxicity	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID1572736	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID569232	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient acyclovir-resistant HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of new C5-(1-substituted-1,2,3-triazol-4 or 5-yl)-2'-deoxyuridines and their antiviral evaluation.
AID1394849	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient ACV-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 2 to 3 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID79940	Antiviral activity against herpesvirus HCMV in AD-169 strain in tissue culture.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 33, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (S)-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonomethoxy)butyl]guanine.
AID1854961	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID217483	Inhibitory concentration against VSV in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID284535	Cytotoxicity against E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID90763	Antiviral activity evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Davis	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Novel bicyclic furanopyrimidines with dual anti-VZV and -HCMV activity.
AID574384	Cytotoxicity against HELF cells assessed as after 3 days by Coulter counting analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors.
AID655433	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederle infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathogenicity	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID90779	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HCMV determined by using Plaque assay	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2,5,6-trihalo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID66003	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (G) strain of HSV-2 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID595589	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Copenhagen infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral-induced cytopathic effect by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID82895	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce TK+ Varicella-Zoster virus (TK+ VZV) strain OKA plaque formation by 50%.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID66007	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by TK-(B2006) strain of HSV-1 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID82701	Antiviral activity against varicella zoster virus (VZV) Oka strain in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-04, Volume: 40, Issue:14	A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities.
AID246728	Effective concentration to reduce plaque formation of thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster virus TK- VZV 07/1 strain in human embryonic lung cell cultures; ND=Not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID82226	Visual cytotoxicity of stationary HFF Cell line Hs68, median toxic concentration is evaluated by anti HCMV plaque reduction assay performed in HFF Cell line Hs 68	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID95683	In vitro inhibition of KB cell proliferation.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and evaluation of certain thiosangivamycin analogs as potential inhibitors of cell proliferation and human cytomegalovirus.
AID548422	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID246626	Effective concentration required to inhibit human cytomegalo virus AD-169 induced cytopathicity in HEL fibroblast cell line after 7 days of postinfection	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors.
AID80107	In vitro reduction in yield of Towne strain of HCMV in HFF (human fibroblast) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-modified analogs of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID498408	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR3 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID244769	Minimum cytotoxic concentration that causes a microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 48, Issue:3	Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral evaluation of the novel cycloalkyl-N-aryl-hydroxamic acids.
AID132928	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 0.6 mg/kg at 24 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID350213	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus E8 with phosphotransferase UL97 two point mutation by plaque reduction assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID91028	Cytotoxicity in the Hs 68 cell line	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 42, Issue:16	Discovery of 1,6-naphthyridines as a novel class of potent and selective human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID432173	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient ACV-resistant HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID253323	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce HEL cell growth by 50%	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID80087	Tested for antiviral activity against HCMV in AD169 cell line	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-26, Volume: 11, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel D- and L-2'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyribofuranosyl-4'-thiopyrimidines and purines.
AID1219936	Drug transport in human OCT2 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells at 0.19 uM for 10 mins relative to control	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID106381	Effect of compound treatment on yields of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in MRC5 (human diploid embryonic lung cells) monolayer cultures at the concentration of 32 uM	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 33, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of carbocyclic analogues of lyxofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID595590	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with Cowpox virus (Brighton Red) assessed as viable cells by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID126876	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg at 24 h followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID419596	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID122224	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with the compound on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice at a dose of 20 mg/kg; 10/16	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-herpes-virus activity of acyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine analogues related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID96359	Cytotoxicity was evaluated in Human neoplastic cell line (KB)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 32, Issue:2	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin.
AID80121	Concentration required to reduce viral plaque formation by Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (strain AD-169) in MRC-5 cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Benzothiadiazine dioxide dibenzyl derivatives as potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and comparative molecular field analysis.
AID665389	Cytostatic against human HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell growth after 3 days by coulter counter	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of C5-substituted-(1,3-diyne)-2'-deoxyuridines.
AID216805	Anti viral activity against vero cells (concentration required to reduce the log phase cell growth by 50%).	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID84602	Antiviral activity against herpesvirus HSV-2 in G strain in tissue culture.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 33, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (S)-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonomethoxy)butyl]guanine.
AID518829	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3253 expressing UL97 kinase K599R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID87341	Antiviral activity was determined against Herpes simplex virus type 1 by Plaque-reduction assay	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID634751	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID326132	Activity of Herpes B virus recombinant thymidine kinase at 1 mM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID248965	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) D10 strain (UL89 mutant gene) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID518870	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3243 expressing UL97 kinase T659I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID284525	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS-induced cytopathogenicity in E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID1451457	Antiviral activity against HIV1 X4LAI.04 infected in human tonsillar tissues assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by p24gag-based luminex assay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID290122	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 42, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of C-fluoro-branched cyclopropyl nucleosides.
AID81223	In vitro inhibition of HCMV (AD-169) plaque formation.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID278217	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2233 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID1394851	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 2 to 3 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID416787	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus in feline FRCK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID95864	Inhibitory activity of compound against KB cell growth [>-indicates IC50/IC90 was not reached at the noted (highest) concentration tested]	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-16, Volume: 39, Issue:4	Structure-activity relationships among 2-substituted 5,6-dichloro-, 4,6-dichloro-, and 4,5-dichloro-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- and -1-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]benzimidazoles.
AID79948	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, LA strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID766700	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID1610153	Cytotoxicity against human HELF cells assessed as minimum cytotoxic concentration by observing alteration in cell morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID87029	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-2(196)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID1382168	Cytostatic activity against HEL cells after 3 days by Coulter counting method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID90774	Antiviral activity was tested against human cytomegalovirus AD-169 which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID106010	Anti viral activity against MRC-5 cells (concentration required to reduce the log phase cell growth by 50%).	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID563781	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus PFAB300 harboring UL54 L724V mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID540213	Half life in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID63609	Tested for antiviral activity against vaccinia virus in human embryonic skin muscle fibroblast	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID119463	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 0.6 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID498598	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A2 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID425652	Total body clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID124312	oral efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 50 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 5/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID393990	Antiviral activity against HPMPA-resistant HCMV AD169 clone 2 mutant infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID510770	Antiviral activity against 0.003 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID518635	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3130 expressing UL97 kinase V665I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID607909	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 19, Issue:14	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides.
AID229235	Inhibitory activity against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID90927	The concentration required to reduce virus plaque formation by 50% was measured on Davis strains of human cytomegalovirus	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-08, Volume: 42, Issue:7	Novel potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infection: synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of benzothiadiazine dioxide acyclonucleosides.
AID28958	Partition coefficient across water-dodecane interface by statistical simulation	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Rational determination of transfer free energies of small drugs across the water-oil interface.
AID400422	Antiviral activity against VZV 3CV-1 infected in human Hep2 cells after 3 days by plaque neutralization assay	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID68269	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-1 (KOS) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID498607	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MJ3 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID54954	Effective concentration required against HCMV strain for antiviral activity	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID87204	Tested in vitro for antiviral activity against HSV-1 in yield reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID1473738	Inhibition of human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-taurocholate in presence of ATP measured after 15 to 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID45921	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against CMV(Davis) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID84930	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HSV-2; Not determined	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-07, Volume: 8, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene.
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID518853	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2233 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID91275	Cytotoxicity was determined at 32 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID105988	In vitro antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)strain AD169 in MRC-5 lung fibroblasts using a DNA-hybridization assay	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-29, Volume: 37, Issue:9	An enantiospecific synthesis of the human cytomegalovirus antiviral agent [(R)-3-((2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-9H-purin-9-yl)methoxy)-4- hydroxybutyl]phosphonic acid.
AID444051	Total clearance in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1462040	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell growth after 3 days by coulter counter method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID84056	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 HSV-1 (F) expressed as viral rating (VR)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6'-substituted aristeromycins: potential mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
AID1561435	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA replication at 5 uM treated with compound following viral infection at MOI of 0.1 PFU/cell by US17 real time PCR analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID1337438	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID655431	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathogenicity	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID90935	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HCMV determined by using Yield reduction assay	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2,5,6-trihalo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID429201	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as microscopically detectable morphological alterations after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID210685	Catalytic turnover constant of compound against HSV-1 thymidine kinase	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted derivatives of the potent antiherpes agent (north)-methanocarbathymine.
AID114969	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 20 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID82067	Visual cytotoxicity was scored on Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF cells) at the time of plaque enumeration.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-modified analogs of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID87346	Antiviral activity of the compound, determined by plaque-reduction assay against thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus type 1, Z826 strain in Vero cells	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of the nucleotide analogue (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine.
AID609571	Antiviral activity against Varicella-zoster virus strain OKA expressing thymidine kinase assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1907119	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus expressing ADCREGFP infected in HFF cells assessed as inhibition in viral replication by measuring GFP fluorescence incubated for 168 hrs by cell based assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7	4,5-Dihydroxypyrimidine Methyl Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, and Carboxamides as Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus pUL89 Endonuclease.
AID1726779	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 14 days by cell titer glo assay	2021	RSC medicinal chemistry, May-26, Volume: 12, Issue:5	Introduction of a cyano group at the 2-position of an (
AID1422440	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant TK-defecient Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by microscopic method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:21	Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of a novel series of fused 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anti-coronavirus agents.
AID1394852	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology after 3 days by microscopic analysis	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID274895	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 5 uM 1-[6-(triphenylmethoxy)hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID248488	Concentration required to inhibit stationary human HFF cell line growth was determined by microscopy examination	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of polyhalogenated imidazole nucleosides: dimensional analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID429199	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 7 days post infection	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID216470	In vitro anti viral activity tested against VZV(KMcC) virus on MRC-5 cell monolayers; 1-2	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID271112	Cytotoxicity against human bone marrow cells assessed as inhibition of colony forming unit of granulocyte/macrophage	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Discovery of a novel series of inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus primase.
AID236916	Percentage of mass balance in hexadecane membranes model	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Exploring the role of different drug transport routes in permeability screening.
AID434329	Cytotoxicity against Varicella Zoster Virus infected human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell growth	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID273043	Inhibition of HCMV towne replication in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 49, Issue:20	9-{[3-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenines and -guanines. Synthesis and antiviral activity of all stereoisomers1.
AID1545512	Antiviral activity against recombinant HCMV AD169 infected in human foreskin fibroblasts measured after 7 days by GFP-based multi-round replication assay relative to control	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Recent advancements of 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives as kinase inhibitors and their applications in medicinal chemistry.
AID246454	Effective concentration required to reduce plaque formation by AD-169 strain of CMV virus in Human embryonic lung cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID84940	Concentration at which 50% of the herpes simplex virus type 2 HSV-1 (F) induced cytopathic effect are inhibited is determined	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6'-substituted aristeromycins: potential mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
AID634752	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID654295	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 16.7 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 4.9 +/- 0.7 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID274900	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID654288	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 50 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 67%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID236912	Permeability Coefficient in 2/4/A1 cell model	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Exploring the role of different drug transport routes in permeability screening.
AID570659	Central volume of distribution in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment fo	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID510758	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID309814	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology after 3 days	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID1457770	Cytotoxic activity against HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 3 days by coulter counting method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID83535	Minimum cytotoxic concentration that causes a microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology in human embryonic lung cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID282642	Inhibition of HCMV AD169 replication in HFF cells by CPE inhibition assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID119469	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 16.7 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID444050	Fraction unbound in human plasma	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID83030	Inhibition against DNA of uninfected HEL cells by incorporation of [3H]TdR.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 38, Issue:10	Haloanilino derivatives of pyrimidines, purines, and purine nucleoside analogs: synthesis and activity against human cytomegalovirus.
AID400420	Antiviral activity against mCMV RM461 infected in human Hep2 cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID609578	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID464179	Cytotoxicity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected HEL cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID42121	Antiviral activity of the compound was evaluated against the Herpes simplex virus type-1 in BSC-1 cells	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 32, Issue:2	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin.
AID248357	Cytotoxicity produced in stationary HFF cells was determined by microscopic inspection of uninfected cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-formyl- and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleoside derivatives.
AID1854966	Antiviral activity against Varicella zoster-virus OKA strain harboring thymidine kinase infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID44363	Antiproliferative effects on CCRF-HSB-2 (human leukemia) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-04, Volume: 40, Issue:14	A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities.
AID392536	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks.
AID518867	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3327 expressing UL97 kinase C603S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID82687	Compound was tested for anti-viral activity against HSV-1(KOS) in HEL cells; ND=Not determined	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID768209	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of plaque formation	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID87169	Inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 33, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some acyclic and C-acyclic pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogues.
AID570658	Clearance in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment for renal function by b	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID681056	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E1S uptake (E1S: 0.05 uM, GCV: 1000 uM) in OAT3-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID124309	oral efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 12.5 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 1/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID218230	In vitro antiviral and anticellular activity was evaluated against vero cells in tissue culture	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID518828	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3146 expressing UL97 kinase K599R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1337437	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID96218	Average percent inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis determined in KB cells	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID518834	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3259 expressing UL97 kinase C592G mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID116582	Effect of on mean survival time upon oral treatment on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 20 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID383513	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID574182	Peripheral volume of distribution in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID55084	Inhibitory activity against human cytomegalovirus determined by plaque reduction assay	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID86063	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of fluorosugar analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole as antivirals with potentially increased glycosidic bond stability.
AID80095	In vitro antiviral activity against HCMV (Towne strain) in HFF (human fibroblast) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-modified analogs of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID114971	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID288921	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID518644	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3215 expressing UL97 kinase A478V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID82699	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) Ms strain in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-04, Volume: 40, Issue:14	A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities.
AID117922	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and survivors/total was reported at a dose 5 mg/kg; 8/20	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID226670	Compound was evaluated for its cytotoxicity.	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-07, Volume: 8, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene.
AID28957	Partition coefficient (logP)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Rational determination of transfer free energies of small drugs across the water-oil interface.
AID55087	Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tested for activity against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) using AD169 strain	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 39, Issue:14	Synthesis of acyclo-C-nucleosides in the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and pyrimidine series as antiviral agents.
AID297309	Antiviral activity against CMV Davis in human HEL cells after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID607907	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant TK-deficient Herpes simplex virus-1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 19, Issue:14	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides.
AID326134	Antiviral activity against Herpes B virus 24105 infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as plaque reduction after 36 to 48 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID634832	Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus H1N1 infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID518840	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3242 expressing UL97 kinase A478V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1462036	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID116783	Mean survival time of HSV-2 encephalitis infectuous mice upon subcutaneous treatment with the compound at a dose of 20 mg/kg	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-herpes-virus activity of acyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine analogues related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID119592	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 5.6 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID248793	Inhibitory concentration required against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) expressed in BSC-1 cells was determined by ELISA assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID611624	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology after 3 days by microscopy	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID1312419	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis 07/1 infected in HEL cells	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 118	1'-Homonucleosides and their structural analogues: A review.
AID498599	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A3 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID736036	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 21, Issue:5	N1,N3-disubstituted uracils as nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID248356	Cytotoxicity produced in stationary HFF cells was determined by microscopic inspection of uninfected cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleosides.
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID1209357	Ratio of unbound drug level in brain to plasma in Sprague-Dawley rat at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID1462034	Antiviral activity against wild type thymidine kinase expressing Varicella-Zoster virus Oka infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced plaque formation	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID432169	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as minimum cytotoxic concentration required to cause microscopically detectable alteration in normal cell morphology	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID85728	Tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1) by means of plaque reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogues of sangivamycin and toyocamycin.
AID548424	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID611615	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID297316	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID393978	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 infected in human HEL cells assessed inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 7 days postinfection	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID16021	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg administered subcutaneously.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID679320	TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID248358	Cytotoxicity produced in stationary HFF cells was determined by microscopic inspection of uninfected cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID63768	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells for morphological alteration	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID372963	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2417 with pol A809V mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID79946	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, Davis strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID81234	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HIV-1; Not determined	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-07, Volume: 8, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene.
AID665388	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as change in cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of C5-substituted-(1,3-diyne)-2'-deoxyuridines.
AID766701	Antiviral activity against Feline Herpes virus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTS assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID82698	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 VR-3 strain in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-04, Volume: 40, Issue:14	A facile, alternative synthesis of 4'-thioarabinonucleosides and their biological activities.
AID1252397	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as cell growth reduction incubated for 3 days	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102	Novel halogenated 3-deazapurine, 7-deazapurine and alkylated 9-deazapurine derivatives of L-ascorbic or imino-L-ascorbic acid: Synthesis, antitumour and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID86043	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was performed by HSV-1 ELISA assays.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain disubstituted benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID221311	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) with strains 196	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID22164	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 3.1 mg/kg administered subcutaneously; Tested mice 10	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID518847	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2789 expressing UL97 kinase L405P mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1382163	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathic effect	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID91031	Anti-HCMV activity in the human fibroblast Hs 68 cell line	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 42, Issue:16	Discovery of 1,6-naphthyridines as a novel class of potent and selective human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID280188	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID86055	In vitro antiviral activity against HSV-1 virus in BSC-1 (monkey kidney) cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-modified analogs of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID82270	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against Towne strain of HCMV in a plaque reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID79955	Concentration required for 50% inhibition of HCMV replication was measured using a Plaque reduction assay	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-substituted 4,5-dichloro- and 4,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID248812	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-formyl- and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleoside derivatives.
AID218246	Antiviral activity against herpesvirus vero cells in tissue culture.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 33, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (S)-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonomethoxy)butyl]guanine.
AID118227	Mean day of death for total no. of dead mouse at 12.5 mg/kg/day dose	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID282651	Inhibition of HSV2 in Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID383521	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient and acyclovir resistant HSV1 KOS in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID548426	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID68271	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-2(196) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID91276	Cytotoxicity was determined at 320 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID87340	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 determined by plaque reduction assay	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID82684	Compound was tested for anti-viral activity against HSV-1(G) in HEL cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID1572730	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID82043	Antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus infected HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID1394845	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07-1 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 5 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID498591	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR8 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID1696549	Antiviral activity against GFP-transfected Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF cells measured after 7 days by GFP fluorometry	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 30, Issue:23	Structural hybridization as a facile approach to new drug candidates.
AID393992	Antiviral activity against wild type HCMV AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID91300	Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for MS strain of herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) in human HFF cells; ND is Not Determined	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID278216	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2211 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID510767	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for HEL299 cells to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus infected in HEL299 cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID83207	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against Cytomegalovirus virus (AD-169 strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID609512	Antiviral activity against Varicella-zoster virus YS expressing thymidine kinase assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID91282	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 100 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID124299	Subcutaneous efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 100 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 10/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID151168	Cytotoxic concentration against non transfected osteosarcoma cells non transfected (MG-63-hTK1)	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted derivatives of the potent antiherpes agent (north)-methanocarbathymine.
AID81361	concentration required to reduce virus Thymidine Kinase-Varicella Zoster Virus(YS)plaque formation by 50%; ND=No Data	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID570663	Bioavailability in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment for renal functio	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID1610164	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID574179	Intercompartmental clearance between central and peripheral compartments in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID510775	Antiviral activity against 1 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1610154	Cytotoxicity against human HELF cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 3 days by coulter counter method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID463998	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID416774	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID42131	Cytotoxicity against uninfected monkey kidney cells (BSC-1)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 31, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4- and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID544709	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for Human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus AD169	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	A 6-aminoquinolone compound, WC5, with potent and selective anti-human cytomegalovirus activity.
AID498595	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID1710797	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID383533	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction of cell growth	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID1854963	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient mutant Acyclovir resistant HSV-1 KOS strain infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID91272	Cytotoxicity was determined at 100 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID510772	Antiviral activity against 0.03 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID86061	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against HSV-1 assayed by ELISA in quadruplicate wells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID246442	Effective concentration required to reduce plaque formation by Davis strain of CMV virus in Human embryonic lung cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID510760	Cytotoxicity against human HS27 cells infected with human cytomegalovirus after 7 days by alamar blue assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID687669	Cytotoxicity against CRFK cells after 3 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 57	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of bis(POM) prodrugs of (E)-[4'-phosphono-but-2'-en-1'-yl]purine nucleosides.
AID278222	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2293 in HFF cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID1457768	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07-1 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID257898	Antiviral activity against Punta Toro virus in vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID63919	Minimum inhibitory concentration required to elicit microscopically visible cell morphology in E6SM cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID291031	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as cell morphology after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-28, Volume: 50, Issue:13	Novel C-6 fluorinated acyclic side chain pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, (1)H and (13)C NMR conformational studies, and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations.
AID209374	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against TK- herpes simplex virus type 1 (TK- HSV-1) with strain VMW 1837	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID372961	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID257887	Antiviral activity against vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID89264	Cytotoxicity against Normal human diploid cells (human foreskin fibroblasts cells)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID372972	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2817 with pol G841A UL97 C592G double mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID82066	Visual cytotoxicity was scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-chloro-5,6-dihalo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID228729	Minimal cytotoxic concentration (MCC) to cause a microscopically detectable change in normal cell morphology	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID518859	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3217 expressing UL97 kinase A594E mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID654292	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 16.7 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 100%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID595580	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HFF cells infected with Hepatitis C virus to EC50 for Varicella-zoster virus Ellen	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID248111	Inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus type-1 cultures was determined by ELISA assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of polyhalogenated imidazole nucleosides: dimensional analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.
AID510761	Cytotoxicity against NHDF infected with human cytomegalovirus after 7 days by alamar blue assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID655435	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as changes in cell morphology by microscopy	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID464189	Cytotoxicity against Feline herpesvirus infected cat CRFK cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID523520	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as inhibition of plaque formation by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID83489	Antiviral activity against HCMV virus infected HEL cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID82433	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against wild-type AD169 strain of HCMV in yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID87345	Antiviral activity of the compound, determined by plaque-reduction assay against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, BW5 strain in Vero cells	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of the nucleotide analogue (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine.
AID87189	In vitro antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) was determined; ND= Not determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID516961	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 6 infected in HEL assessed as reduction in virus-induce cytopathicity	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID246512	Effective concentration to reduce plaque formation of Cytomegalovirus AD-169 strain in human embryonic lung cell cultures	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID83527	Compound was tested for Anti-VZV activity against YS TK+ in HEL cells;d ='not determined'	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID523522	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HFF to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus AD169	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID553338	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 7 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID90617	Inhibitory concentration against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in plaque reduction assay	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 31, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4- and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID209373	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against TK- herpes simplex virus type 1 (TK- HSV-1) with strain B2006	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID84218	Inhibitory activity against TK-deficient HSV-1 (KOS) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID296679	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID91294	Cytotoxicity against uninfected human foreskin fibroblast(HFF cells)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 31, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4- and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID636699	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based spectrophotometric analysis	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID79936	Inhibition of growth of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was determined by plaque reduction assay in human lung fibroblast cell line	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID1422437	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology after 3 days by microscopic method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:21	Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of a novel series of fused 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anti-coronavirus agents.
AID83189	Minimum inhibitory conc. for 50% inhibition of CMV (AD-169) virus plaque formation in HEL cells	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 40, Issue:9	Carbocyclic oxetanocins lacking the C-3' methylene.
AID66002	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (F) strain of HSV-1 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID584546	Inhibition of inosine/L-alanine-induced Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2 spore germination pretreated for 15 mins before inosine/L-alanine challenge	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Testing nucleoside analogues as inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis spore germination in vitro and in macrophage cell culture.
AID82064	Visual cytotoxicity scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID68273	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-2(lyons) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID118232	Mean day of death for total no. of dead mouse at 50 mg/kg/day dose	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID1256243	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 strain F VR-733 infected in African green monkey Vero cells after 3 days by MTT assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID510766	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for NHDF to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus infected in NHDF	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID548423	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as altered cell morphology	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID1869617	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with HCMV AD-169 virus assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer-glo assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID416772	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as drug level causing microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology after 3 days	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID218227	Cytotoxicity concentration required to microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology in Vero	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID248941	Cytotoxicity against KB cells was determined by crystal violet staining and spectrophotometric quantitation of dye eluted from stained cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID326212	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 16, Issue:5	Fluorinated methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides. Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-9-{[(2-fluoromethyl-2-hydroxymethyl)-cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenine and -guanine.
AID675215	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID87203	Tested in vitro for antiviral activity against HSV-1 in plaque reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID518871	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3239 expressing UL97 kinase V665I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1113474	Cytotoxicity against Felis catus (cat) CRFK cells assessed as change in cellular morphology	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID68266	Concentration required to cause 50% reduction in cellular DNA synthesis in ESM cells	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID90939	In vitro antiviral and anticellular activity was evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV AD 169) in (HCMV AD 169) cells.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID393977	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 7 days postinfection	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID540211	Fraction unbound in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID80125	Antiviral activity was determined against Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strain Davis using CPE inhibition assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	Syntheses and structure--activity relationships of novel apio and thioapio dideoxydidehydronucleosides as anti-HCMV agents.
AID83203	Tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (AD-169) in human embryonic lung fibroblasts	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID518640	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3257 expressing UL97 kinase V466M mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1561397	Antiviral activity against HCMV TB40 infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation treated with compound following viral infection and incubated for 8 to 10 days by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID88301	In vitro anti viral activity tested against HSV-2(Curtis) virus on Rabbit kidney cell cultures; 3-6	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID609579	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederle assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID278223	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2291 in HFF cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID83497	Inhibition of cell proliferation expressed as CC50	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID87186	Inhibition of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) in plaque reduction assay	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID350212	Antiviral activity against cyclopropavir-resistant Human cytomegalovirus isolate 2696r with phosphotransferase UL97 mutation by plaque reduction assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID126880	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 1.9 mg/kg at 48 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID350211	Antiviral activity against Hepatitis C virus	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID79947	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, EC strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID1561400	Antiviral activity against HSV 2 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation incubated for 36 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID365172	Antiviral activity against foscarnet-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID1407619	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID518638	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3346 expressing UL97 kinase M460T mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID607911	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration of normal cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 19, Issue:14	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides.
AID611618	Antiviral activity against VZV OKA infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID81050	Concentration required to inhibit CMV (AD-169) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID275068	Antiviral activity against HSV2 in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID66966	Inhibition of epstein barr virus(EBV) by nucleic acid hybridization assay in human lung fibroblast cell line; 30/380	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID81230	Concentration required to reduce Thymidine Kinase deficient Varicella Zoster Virus (YS/R) plaque formation by 50%; ND=No Data	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID221304	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) with strains F	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID81363	In vitro cytotoxicity of the compound (Concentration required to reduce OD value by 50%) in human embryonic lung fibroblast(HEL 299) cells determined by MTT assay.	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(1, 3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)- 6-fluoropurine mono- and diesters as potential prodrugs of ganciclovir.
AID275086	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID218507	Concentration required to inhibit plaque formation by HSV-1 strain KOSSB (TK-) in monolayers of vero cells; ND means Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-19, Volume: 11, Issue:22	Novel 5-vinyl pyrimidine nucleosides with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activity.
AID609581	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells after 3 days by coulter counter	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID42126	Cytotoxicity was evaluated against the Monkey kidney cells (BSC)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 32, Issue:2	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin.
AID96381	Tested for the inhibition of KB cell growth	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of 4-amino-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7(6H)-one and related derivatives.
AID82427	Antiviral activity against towne strain HCMV was determined by yield reduction assay in duplicate wells using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tricyclic nucleosides (dimensional probes) as analogues of certain antiviral polyhalogenated benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID574183	Drug absorption in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus assessed as first-order absorption rate constant at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice da	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1907121	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for cytotoxicity against HFF cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus expressing ADCREGFP infected in HFF cells	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7	4,5-Dihydroxypyrimidine Methyl Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, and Carboxamides as Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus pUL89 Endonuclease.
AID636695	Antiviral activity against Cowpox virus Brighton infected in HFF cells incubated for 3 days by plaque reduction assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID151171	Inhibitory activity against HSV-1-TK transfected osteosarcoma cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-06, Volume: 46, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted derivatives of the potent antiherpes agent (north)-methanocarbathymine.
AID1251990	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral plaque formation	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Toward the discovery of dual HCMV-VZV inhibitors: Synthesis, structure activity relationship analysis, and cytotoxicity studies of long chained 2-uracil-3-yl-N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetamides.
AID288916	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID611623	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID134101	Topical treatment of intracutaneous TK- herpes simplex virus type 1 of strain VMW 1837 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 3% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID83044	Tested for cytotoxic activity in human embryonic lung fibroblast (HEL)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID455986	Permeability across human Caco-2 cells	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19	Computational modeling of novel inhibitors targeting the Akt pleckstrin homology domain.
AID383511	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID82546	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce HEL cell growth by 50%	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-acyl-beta-lactams and 1-acylazetidines derived from phenylalanine.
AID340472	Antiviral activity against VZV Webster by plaque reduction assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis of 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamides with broad-spectrum human herpesvirus polymerase inhibition.
AID90936	Tested for the activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) using yield reduction assay	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-02, Volume: 37, Issue:18	Benzimidazole ribonucleosides: design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2-(alkylthio)- and 2-(benzylthio)-5,6-dichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID91284	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 1000 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID682055	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PAH uptake (PAH: 5 uM, GCV: 1000 uM) in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 300, Issue:3	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport.
AID79938	Antiviral activity of the compound was evaluated against the Human cytomegalo virus (HCMV)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 32, Issue:2	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin.
AID1710792	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID1572729	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID429200	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 7 days post infection	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID81929	Compound was evaluated for the visual cytotoxicity scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2,5,6-trihalo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID393993	Antiviral activity against wild type HCMV Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID570661	Peripheral volume of distribution in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID246354	Effective concentration required to inhibit Epstein-barr virus replication in H-1 cells in DNA hybridization assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID255985	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Ad169 (WT) plaque forming unit grown on Human foreskin fibroblast cells upon incubation for 1 hour at 37 degrees C with compound dissolved in DMSO	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID210602	Therapeutic index for anti-HCMV activity against AD-169 strain in MRC-5 cells	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Antiviral oligo- and polyribonucleotides containing selected triazolo[2,3-a]purines.
AID434308	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against in virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID372968	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV 2817 with pol G841A UL97 C592G double mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID63757	The compound was tested for antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-HSV-1)virus in E6SM cell line(human embryonic skin-muscle fibroblasts)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID274897	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 10 uM 1-[6-[1,1-(diphenyl)-1-(4-pyridyl)methoxy]hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID81033	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against Varicella zoster TK-(deficient) YS/R strain; Not determined	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID82551	Tested for the cytotoxic concentration, required to reduce cell growth by 50% in human embryonic lung (HEL) cells.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID79973	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, LA strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID296678	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID90620	Antiviral activity determined by plaque-reduction assay against Human cytomegalovirus, AD-169 strain in MRC-5 cells	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of the nucleotide analogue (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine.
AID1113473	Antiviral activity against Feline Infectious peritonitis virus infected cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID481585	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 20, Issue:10	Modifications of C-2 on the pyrroloquinoline template aimed at the development of potent herpesvirus antivirals with improved aqueous solubility.
AID299443	Antiviral activity against HSV1 in human foreskin fibroblast assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 17, Issue:14	7-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamides: synthesis and biological activity of a new class of highly potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID217498	Inhibition of growth of varicella zoster virus(VZV) by plaque reduction assay in vero cell line	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID248975	Compound concentration to reduce virus plague formation by 50% tested against human cytomegalovirus laboratory mutant strains C8704(UL97 mutation) using MRC-5 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID416788	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus in feline FRCK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID280181	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169 in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID518842	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2924 expressing UL97 kinase H469Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID658758	Antiviral activity against FIPV infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID1765506	Cytotoxicity against human HEL 299 cells assessed as cell death incubated for 168 hrs by MTS-based tetrazolium reduction assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Metal binding 6-arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones inhibited human cytomegalovirus by targeting the pUL89 endonuclease of the terminase complex.
AID572819	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Towne infected in human hhTERT-BJ1 cells assessed as inhibition of virus mediated DNA synthesis after 2 days	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Establishment of a cell-based assay for screening of compounds inhibiting very early events in the cytomegalovirus replication cycle and characterization of a compound identified using the assay.
AID246312	Effective concentration required to reduce CMV davis strain virus plaque formation by 50% in HEL cell culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID90931	Antiviral activity of compound against HCM virus in yield reduction experiments	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-16, Volume: 39, Issue:4	Structure-activity relationships among 2-substituted 5,6-dichloro-, 4,6-dichloro-, and 4,5-dichloro-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- and -1-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]benzimidazoles.
AID132939	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 5.6 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID539915	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus-1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID106147	In vitro cytotoxic concentration required to inhibit murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) replication in MEF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID634831	Antiviral activity against Respiratory syncytial virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID81034	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against cytomegalo virus AD-169 strain	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID675211	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase positive VZV OKa infected in HEL cells by plaque formation assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID91280	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 10 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID290121	Antiviral activity against HSV2 in CCL81 cells	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 42, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of C-fluoro-branched cyclopropyl nucleosides.
AID68769	Compound was tested for Anti-HCMV activity against F2002 cell line(exp 2)	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 8, Issue:24	Design and synthesis of a novel class of nucleotide analogs with anti-HCMV activity.
AID675214	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID303224	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as cell growth after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID574383	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in HELF assessed as decrease in plaque formation after 7 days by microscopy	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors.
AID53759	In vitro antiviral activity against duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues of 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl)uracils.
AID86054	Antiviral activity was measured by plaque assay against HSV-1 virus by ELISA method	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-chloro-5,6-dihalo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID275067	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID257890	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G strain in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID82055	Cytotoxicity produced in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells estimated by visual scoring of cells unaffected by virus infection.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis of non-nucleoside analogs of toyocamycin, sangivamycin, and thiosangivamycin: the effect of certain 4- and 4,6-substituents on the antiviral activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID539918	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID83020	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce cytomegalovirus (CMV) strain AD-169 plaque formation by 50%.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID498610	Antiviral activity against HSV2 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID1407613	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Human herpesvirus 1 KOS strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID81918	In vitro cytotoxic concentration required to inhibit AD169 strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in HFF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID518826	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3331 expressing UL97 kinase C603R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID429198	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster virus 07/1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 5 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-VZV activity of 6-heteroaryl derivatives of tricyclic acyclovir and 9-{[cis-1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl}guanine analogues.
AID570660	Intercompartmental clearance between central and peripheral compartments in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID90926	The concentration required to reduce virus plaque formation by 50% was measured on AD-169 strains of human cytomegalovirus	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-08, Volume: 42, Issue:7	Novel potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infection: synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of benzothiadiazine dioxide acyclonucleosides.
AID572821	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Towne infected in human HFL after 10 to 12 days by plaque reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Establishment of a cell-based assay for screening of compounds inhibiting very early events in the cytomegalovirus replication cycle and characterization of a compound identified using the assay.
AID91307	Concentration of the drug required to reduce the uptake of neural red stain by uninfected cell monolayers (HFF)	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID245991	Cytotoxic concentration against town strain of human cytomegalovirus infected HFF cells of human (visual cytotoxicity)	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID70218	Effective concentration of compound against Epstein Barr virus was determined	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-17, Volume: 42, Issue:12	Structure-activity relationships of L-dioxolane uracil nucleosides as anti-Epstein Barr virus agents.
AID248981	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) C4 strain (UL56 + UL89 mutant gene) expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID246710	Effective concentration of compound required to reduce plaque formation by OKA strain of thymidine kinase positive VZ virus TK+ in human embryonic lung cells; ND=Not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID654291	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 50 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 100%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID82406	Cytotoxicity on stationary HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration in cells not effected by the virus; Not tested	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	(Z)- and (E)-2-((hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene)methyladenine and -guanine. New nucleoside analogues with a broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
AID1610166	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HELF cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity incubated for 7 days by microscopic analysis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184	Antitumor and antiviral activities of 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-2,3-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID84409	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against TK-/TK+ HSV-1 of VMW 837	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID326135	Antiviral activity against Herpes B virus 32425 infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as plaque reduction after 36 to 48 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID132933	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 1.9 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1498130	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID658740	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID280175	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	Antiviral activity of triazine analogues of 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine (cidofovir) and related compounds.
AID675216	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase negative and ACV resistant HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID209538	Inhibitory concentration against TK-VZV strain 07-1 in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID518843	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3257 expressing UL97 kinase V466M mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID218000	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against vaccinia virus	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID533773	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Stereoselective phosphorylation of cyclopropavir by pUL97 and competitive inhibition by maribavir.
AID1462035	Antiviral activity against wild type thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07-1 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced plaque formation	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	New prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID79723	Cytotoxicity on human P3HR1 derived H1 cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-17, Volume: 42, Issue:12	Structure-activity relationships of L-dioxolane uracil nucleosides as anti-Epstein Barr virus agents.
AID83023	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus (TK- VZV) strain 07/1 plaque formation by 50%.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID518863	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3253 expressing UL97 kinase K599R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID257895	Antiviral activity against Reovirus 1 in vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID1561423	Antiviral activity against pp28-luciferase expressing HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral replication treated with compound at 24 hrs post viral infection at MOI of 1 PFU/cell and measured after 3 days by luciferase repor	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID1846592	Inhibition of p97 (unknown origin) incubated for 15 mins in presence of ATP by ADP Glo assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 219	AAA ATPases as therapeutic targets: Structure, functions, and small-molecule inhibitors.
AID445446	Oral bioavailability in human	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1	The permeation of amphoteric drugs through artificial membranes--an in combo absorption model based on paracellular and transmembrane permeability.
AID354676	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by plaque-neutralization assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 59, Issue:8	Two new naphthoquinones with antiviral activity from Rhinacanthus nasutus.
AID1407612	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 G strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID1636356	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP2C9-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 300 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of NA	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID81043	In vitro alteration in cell morphology in HEL cells.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID87443	Percentage of triphosphates (TP) in the second step of staggered assay mixture from step 1 was incubated with GMP kinase and crude extract of HSV-1 infected HeLa cells over night	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID498594	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR11 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID81384	Cytotoxic concentration against HEP-2 cells	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6'-substituted aristeromycins: potential mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.
AID518851	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3135 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID518862	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3252 expressing UL97 kinase A594V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID595579	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with Human cytomegalovirus AD169 assessed as viable cells by neutral red uptake assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 46, Issue:5	Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative.
AID82422	Tested in vitro for cytotoxicity against the normal human diploid cells (HFF cells).	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID55113	Antiviral activity against clinical isolates of human origin CMV-strainC	1999	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:21	Chlorophenylmethyl benzothiadiazine dioxides derivatives: potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID95834	Cytotoxicity in KB cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of carbohydrate-modified pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7-one nucleosides.
AID83363	Effective concentration required to inhibit cytomegalo virus-induced cytopathicity by 50% in AD-169 strain HEL cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID340473	Antiviral activity against EBV lytic replication in GG68 cells after 72 hrs by Southern blot analysis	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis of 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamides with broad-spectrum human herpesvirus polymerase inhibition.
AID1710799	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as changes in cell morphology incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopy	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID87834	Antiviral activity against HSV-2 cell line (concentration required to prevent viral cytopathic effect in half of primary rabbit kidney cell cultures)	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 31, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (+/-)-9-[[(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl]guanine and related compounds.
AID282643	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells by neutral red uptake assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID81031	The compound was tested for antiviral activity by measuring the concentration required to reduce plaque formation against Varicella zoster TK-(deficient) 07/1 strain; Not determined	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14	Novel pyrimidine and purine derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID309810	Antiviral activity against TK+ VZV OKA in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID82535	Compound concentration required to reduce viability of HEL cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID84225	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (KOS) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID42132	Cytotoxicity against Monkey kidney cells(BSC-1 cells)	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID1230102	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID83045	The minimum cytotoxic concentration was measured on Human Embryonic Lung (HEL) cells	1999	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-08, Volume: 42, Issue:7	Novel potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infection: synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of benzothiadiazine dioxide acyclonucleosides.
AID296673	Antiviral activity against TK+ VZV OKA in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID634835	Antiviral activity against Felid herpesvirus 1 infected in CrFK cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID636700	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells after 48 hrs by visual cytotoxicity observation assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 54, Issue:16	Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies.
AID121403	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and mean survival time was reported at a dose 10 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID121404	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and mean survival time was reported at a dose 20 mg/kg	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID498604	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MC2 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID119466	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 1.9 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID248872	Compound concentration to reduce virus plague formation by 50% tested against human cytomegalovirus laboratory strains Davis using HEL cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID363783	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6	The novel primaquine derivatives of N-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl urea: synthesis, cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID1451453	Antiviral activity against HIV1 X4LAI.04 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as decrease in viral replication by p24gag-based luminex assay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID409960	Inhibition of bovine brain MAOB	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 51, Issue:21	Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
AID81922	In vitro effective concentration required to inhibit towne strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in HFF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID96225	Compound was tested for inhibition activity of human oral carcinoma cell line (KB ) cells in quadruplicate assay.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of fluorosugar analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole as antivirals with potentially increased glycosidic bond stability.
AID609576	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 strain KOS assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID390367	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-25, Volume: 51, Issue:24	Interactions of antiviral indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline derivatives with DNA.
AID81926	Anti HCMV(human cytomegalovirus) activity in HFF cell line Hs 68 infected with AD619 strain of HCMV(plaque reduction assay).	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID1256244	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 strain MS VR-540 infected in African green monkey Vero cells after 3 days by MTT assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID95682	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of KB cell growth determined in quadruplicate assay	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2,5,6-trihalo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID434309	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID1765505	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus expressing ADCREGFP infected in human HEL 299 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication by measuring GFP fluorescence incubated for 168 hrs by cell based assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Metal binding 6-arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones inhibited human cytomegalovirus by targeting the pUL89 endonuclease of the terminase complex.
AID63764	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against TK+/TK-Herpes simplex virus type 1 (VMW1837 strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID257886	Antiviral activity against HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID518861	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2255 expressing UL97 kinase A594V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID81190	Concentration required to inhibit VZV (oka) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID249179	Permeability Coefficient in hexadecane membranes model	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Exploring the role of different drug transport routes in permeability screening.
AID79945	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, CH strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID1219943	Drug transport in human OAT2 expressed in HEK Flp-In cells	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID217761	In vitro anticellular activity was measured against vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID518841	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3136 expressing UL97 kinase H469Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID81193	Inhibitory concentration required to inhibit cell growth by 50% in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID79959	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (B)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID82419	Tested for cytotoxic activity against human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogues of sangivamycin and toyocamycin.
AID221306	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) with strains McIntyre	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID90940	Antiviral activity against HCMV was determined; No inhibition	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 33, Issue:9	Synthesis of new (+-)-3,5-dihydroxypentyl nucleoside analogues from 1-amino-5-(benzyloxy)pentan-3-ol and their antiviral evaluation.
AID91309	Compound was evaluated for cytotoxic activity against HFF cells	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID572822	Antiviral activity against Murine cytomegalovirus strain Smith infected in mouse NIH 3T3 cells after 4 to 5 days by plaque reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Establishment of a cell-based assay for screening of compounds inhibiting very early events in the cytomegalovirus replication cycle and characterization of a compound identified using the assay.
AID80099	Antiviral activity assayed by ability to inhibit Towne strain of HCMV virus	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of alpha-nucleosides: D- and L-isomers of lyxofuranosyl- and (5-deoxylyxofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID216477	Antiviral activity against TK- Varicella-Zoster virus 07/1 which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID28956	Partition coefficient (logP) (dodecane)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-03, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Rational determination of transfer free energies of small drugs across the water-oil interface.
AID1854968	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID296677	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID82429	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against 2916 AD169 strain of HCMV in yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID229024	Inhibitory activity against vaccinia virus (VV) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID45931	Inhibitory concentration against CMV strain AD169 in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID103948	Tested for the effective dose required to inhibit systemic MCMV in infected mice	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID425653	Renal clearance in human	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15	Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID83530	Anti CMV (Cytomegalovirus- virus) activity against AD-169 strain in HEL cells	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID609577	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus strain AD169 assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1252398	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 expressed in HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation incubated for 7 days by Giemsa stain based microscopy	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102	Novel halogenated 3-deazapurine, 7-deazapurine and alkylated 9-deazapurine derivatives of L-ascorbic or imino-L-ascorbic acid: Synthesis, antitumour and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID372970	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2784 with pol A809V UL97 C592G double mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID393989	Antiviral activity against PMEDAP-resistant HCMV AD169 clone 4 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID1252399	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis expressed in HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation incubated for 7 days by Giemsa stain based microscopy	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102	Novel halogenated 3-deazapurine, 7-deazapurine and alkylated 9-deazapurine derivatives of L-ascorbic or imino-L-ascorbic acid: Synthesis, antitumour and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID216460	In vitro antiviral activity against Varicella zoster virus (VZV) was determined; ND= Not determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID1498116	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID510785	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus replication at 20 uM after 96 hrs by fluorescence assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID464178	Cytotoxicity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected HEL cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID82690	Effective concentration against human cytomegalovirus AD-169 strain in HEL cell cultures	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9	Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-acyl-beta-lactams and 1-acylazetidines derived from phenylalanine.
AID81218	Cytotoxicity concentration required to microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology HEL	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID516962	Cytotoxicity against HEL assessed as change in cell morphology	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID81055	Concentration required to inhibit TK-VZV (07-1) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID66006	50% Minimum inhibitory concentration which is required to reduce cytopathogenicity induced by (Mc Intyre) strain of HSV-1 virus on human E6SM cells.	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 40, Issue:4	Novel 3'-C/N-substituted 2',3'-beta-D-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. Thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties.
AID634758	Antiviral activity against Coxsackievirus B4 infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID84590	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against KOS strain of human Herpes Simplex Virus -1	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID132936	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 16.7 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID46576	Inhibitory concentration for spectrum antiviral activity against herpes viruses; ND= Not determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID372965	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2542 with pol T813S mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID248791	Inhibitory concentration required against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) expressed in BSC-1 cells was determined by ELISA assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleosides.
AID718735	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID86049	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in an ELISA assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-16, Volume: 39, Issue:4	Structure-activity relationships among 2-substituted 5,6-dichloro-, 4,6-dichloro-, and 4,5-dichloro-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- and -1-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy) methyl]benzimidazoles.
AID217488	Inhibitory concentration against VV in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID266286	Antiviral activity against HBV L180M/M204V mutant transfected in D88 cell line at 10 ug/mL	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 49, Issue:12	Effect of various pyrimidines possessing the 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl] moiety, able to mimic natural 2'-deoxyribose, on wild-type and mutant hepatitis B virus replication.
AID372962	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2258 with UL97 C592G mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID419593	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID1427824	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells infected with Cytomegalovirus assessed as alteration in cell morphology by microscopic method
AID464181	Cytotoxicity against VSV infected HEL cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID1407620	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis strain infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID372966	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus CMV T2798 with pol T813S UL97 C592G double mutant infected in HFF cells by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID434328	Cytotoxicity against Varicella Zoster Virus infected human HeLa cells assessed as change in cell morphology	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID1710777	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as changes in cell morphology incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID257897	Antiviral activity against Coxsackie virus B4 in vero cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID246356	Effective concentration required to reduce HSV-1 strain KOS ACV virus plaque formation by 50% in E6SM Cell Culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID1230103	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Design, antiviral and cytostatic properties of isoxazolidine-containing amonafide analogues.
AID248792	Inhibitory concentration required against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) expressed in BSC-1 cells was determined by ELISA assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-formyl- and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleoside derivatives.
AID119462	Compound was evaluated for percent mortality of mice inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus at a concentration of 0.6 mg/kg at 48 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID222144	In vitro antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID248939	Cytotoxicity against KB cells was determined by crystal violet staining and spectrophotometric quantitation of dye eluted from stained cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole nucleosides.
AID256007	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (KOS strain) grown on human foreskin fibroblast cells determined by vedduction in plaque formation upon incubation at 37 degrees C with the compound dissolved in DMSO until plaque were formed; [nd = n	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID498602	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate A6 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID768201	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID221758	Cytotoxicity for the compound was determined in uninfected stationary human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells.	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain novel pyrazinoic acid C-nucleosides.
AID91302	Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for ellen strain of varicella zoster virus-2 (VZV-2) in human HFF cells; ND is Not Determined	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID463990	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 to 3 days by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID257888	Antiviral activity against HeLa cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID611616	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID79961	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (D)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID95487	Compound was tested for inhibition of KB cell growth in quadruplicate assay	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID1869618	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for cytotoxicity against human HFF cells infected with HCMV AD-169 virus assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer-glo assay to EC50 for antiviral activity against HCMV AD-169 infected in HFF cells assessed as	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-14, Volume: 65, Issue:13	Reshaping an Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate into a Selective Anti-hepatitis B Virus Compound.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID83183	Concentration required to reduce varicella zoster virus(VZV)OKA plaque formation by 50% at 20 plaque forming units(PFU) in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 35, Issue:12	(+-)-carbocyclic 5'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine and related purine derivatives: synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID1209417	AUC(0 to infinity) in Sprague-Dawley rat brain at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID303211	Antiviral activity against HSV2 Lyons in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1661189	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase positive Varicella zoster virus OKA infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation measured after 5 days	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID383520	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient and acyclovir resistant HSV1 KOS in human E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID665761	Antiviral activity against HCMV infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in cytopathic effect after 8 days by plaque reduction assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 20, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain second generation methylenecyclopropane nucleosides.
AID90934	In vitro antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus by yield reduction assay.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and evaluation of certain thiosangivamycin analogs as potential inhibitors of cell proliferation and human cytomegalovirus.
AID66938	Cytotoxicity concentration required to microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology in E6SM	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID83525	Compound was tested for Anti-VZV activity against OKA strain TK+ in HEL cells;d ='not determined'	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-03, Volume: 41, Issue:25	Synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antiviral agents.
AID766708	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as morphological changes	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID288917	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G in E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID383526	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis infected HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID82258	Antiviral activity against HCMV was determined by plaque reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of trisubstituted indole N-nucleosides as analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB).
AID83712	Tested for anti-viral activity against Herpes simplex virus type-1 using ELISA.	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-02, Volume: 37, Issue:18	Benzimidazole ribonucleosides: design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of certain 2-(alkylthio)- and 2-(benzylthio)-5,6-dichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID126881	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 1.9 mg/kg at 6 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1684812	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduce in cell growth incubated for 3 days by coulter counter analysis	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID326127	Inhibition of Herpes B virus recombinant thymidine kinase-mediated [3H]TdR phosphorylation	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID246725	Effective concentration to reduce plaque formation of thymidine kinase positive Varicella zoster virus TK+ VZ OKA strain in human embryonic lung cell cultures; ND=Not determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	The novel L- and D-amino acid derivatives of hydroxyurea and hydantoins: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID80084	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues of 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl)uracils.
AID1572735	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity by microscopic analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID81921	In vitro effective concentration required to inhibit AD169 strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in HFF cell line	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-29, Volume: 47, Issue:3	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (Z)- and (E)-2,2-[bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines: second-generation methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.
AID257892	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID634761	Antiviral activity against Coxsackievirus B4 infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID563780	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus VR4955 harboring UL54 T700A mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID634757	Antiviral activity against Sindbis virus infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID260289	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 in human embryonic lung cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 49, Issue:4	Inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by 6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine and 6'-chloro-6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine. Antiviral and cytotoxic effects.
AID82041	Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus infected HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID84243	Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against HSV-1 (TK-KOS ACV) in E6SM cell culture	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-24, Volume: 43, Issue:4	The cyclohexene ring system as a furanose mimic: synthesis and antiviral activity of both enantiomers of cyclohexenylguanine.
AID1209333	Ratio of drug level in brain to plasma in Sprague-Dawley rat at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID1684815	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation measured on day 6 to 7 post-viral infection	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID491531	Binding affinity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis purine nucleoside phosphorylase by spectrophotometric analysis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 18, Issue:13	Crystallographic and docking studies of purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID326137	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 F infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as plaque reduction after 36 to 48 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID90980	Compound was evaluated for cytotoxic activity against KB cells	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID85868	Tested for antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type-1 using plaque assay	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of 4-amino-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7(6H)-one and related derivatives.
AID510752	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in HEL299 cells after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID65844	Cytotoxic concentration required to cause microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology of E6SM cells	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 39, Issue:14	Synthesis of acyclo-C-nucleosides in the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and pyrimidine series as antiviral agents.
AID103949	In vitro antiviral activity tested against MCMV Smith strain by plaque reduction assay in mouse embryo fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID63759	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (F strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID82398	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against wild-type Towne strain of HCMV in yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of halogenated beta-D- and -L-erythrofuranosylbenzimidazoles.
AID768207	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID95686	Cytotoxicity (growth inhibition) against human epidermoid oral carcinoma KB cell line.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis of non-nucleoside analogs of toyocamycin, sangivamycin, and thiosangivamycin: the effect of certain 4- and 4,6-substituents on the antiviral activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID510754	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in human HS27 cells after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID81052	Concentration required to inhibit CMV (Davis) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID464180	Cytotoxicity against Vaccinia virus infected HEL cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID81188	Concentration required to inhibit VZV (YS) induced cytopathogenicity in HEL cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID307430	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	2-Aryl-2-hydroxyethylamine substituted 4-oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as broad-spectrum inhibitors of human herpesvirus polymerases.
AID81927	Anti HCMV(human cytomegalovirus) activity in MRC-5 cells infected with DHPG-resistant D16 strain of HCMV(plaque reduction assay).	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID1451463	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus OKA infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID63761	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on E6SM cells against Herpes simplex virus type 2 (196 strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID718734	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient and acyclovir-resistant HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID365174	Antiviral activity against HCMV 6 with U97 mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID88302	Evaluated for DNA polymerase inhibition activity against HeLa cells.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID518852	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3099 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID63916	Effective concentration required to inhibit Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) induced cytopathicity by 50% in E6SM cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID106539	In vitro antiviral activity was measured against HCMV(AD-169) in MRC5 cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID118398	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 30 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice(value in parentheses denotes probability	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID121733	Effect of subcutaneous treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 1.5 mg/kg dose	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID124303	Subcutaneous efficacy in a mouse cytomegalovirus infection at 25 mg/kg/day dose; Value expressed as survivors/total tested = 10/10	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID540209	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1410506	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase expressing Varicella-Zoster virus Oka assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 5 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID258991	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus YS/R strain	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID518866	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3331 expressing UL97 kinase C603R mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID510774	Antiviral activity against 0.3 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID1451458	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID86057	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) ELISA method	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and evaluation of certain thiosangivamycin analogs as potential inhibitors of cell proliferation and human cytomegalovirus.
AID122209	Effect of oral treatment with compound on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice at 20 mg/kg dose; 11/20	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of phosphate and phosphonate derivatives of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1410504	Antiviral activity against ACV-resistant thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect measured after 2 to 3 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID90616	Concentration required to decrease the growth rate to 50% of control was evaluated against HCMV by using plaque reduction assay.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine nucleosides: an entry into a novel series of adenosine analogues.
AID282641	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells by visual cytotoxicity	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1498113	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Expedient synthesis and biological evaluation of alkenyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrugs.
AID258993	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis strain	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID1382164	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathic effect	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 146	Highly convergent synthesis and antiviral activity of (E)-but-2-enyl nucleoside phosphonoamidates.
AID523521	Cytotoxicity against human HFF by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID463992	Antiviral activity against VSV infected in HEL cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 1 to 2 days by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID260293	Cytotoxicity as determined by alteration in the cell morphology of HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 49, Issue:4	Inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by 6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine and 6'-chloro-6'-cyano-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine. Antiviral and cytotoxic effects.
AID383518	Antiviral activity against in Vesicular stomatitis virus in human E6SM cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID82035	Antiviral activity against HSV-2 virus infected HEF cell lines.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 39, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2.
AID1636440	Drug activation in human Hep3B cells assessed as human CYP2D6-mediated drug metabolism-induced cytotoxicity measured as decrease in cell viability at 300 uM pre-incubated with BSO for 18 hrs followed by incubation with compound for 3 hrs in presence of NA	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:16	Development of a cell viability assay to assess drug metabolite structure-toxicity relationships.
AID539926	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID1256245	Antiviral activity against Varicella-zoster virus Ellen VR-1367 infected in African green monkey Vero cells after 3 days by MTT assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID518634	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3239 expressing UL97 kinase V665I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID246389	Effective concentration for antiviral activity against AD169 strain of murine cytomegalovirus in plaque reduction assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 48, Issue:1	Nucleotides and pronucleotides of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of purine nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1473740	Inhibition of human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 10 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID510776	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant human cytomegalovirus AD169 UL97 M460I infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID85374	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 1 strain Mc Intyre in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID718737	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID434323	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID87027	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-1 (KOS) (ACV)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID1710802	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 3 to 6 days by MTS assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID1113467	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID393982	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as reduction of growth after 3 days	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID350210	Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID634747	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 G infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID654290	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mortality at 5.6 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 24 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 67%)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID85380	Inhibitory concentration against HSV type 2 strain Lyons in human embryonic skin muscle (ESM) fibroblast cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID259177	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclic and acyclic 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone nucleoside derivatives.
AID393964	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV AD169 clone 4 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID718733	Toxicity in HEL cells assessed as induction of cell morphology changes	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID432171	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID105987	Anti HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity in MRC-5 cells infected with AD619 strain of HCMV (plaque reduction assay).	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and anti-DNA viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID365173	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID278218	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2293 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID675218	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID282655	Inhibition of EBV replication in H1 cells by DNA hybridization assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID1451461	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as alteration to cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID498603	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MC1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID1561436	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA yields in the supernatant at 5 uM treated with compound following viral infection at MOI of 0.1 PFU/cell by US17 real time PCR analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID1427833	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity
AID121710	Effect of subcutaneous dose at 10 mg/kg on HSV-2 induced mortality in mice; 7/16	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID257889	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS strain in HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 49, Issue:2	Synthesis and biological activity of isoxazolidinyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential DNA intercalators.
AID464188	Cytotoxicity against Feline coronavirus infected cat CRFK cells by trypan blue exclusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID365176	Antiviral activity against HCMV 530 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID82423	The compound was tested for cytotoxicity against human foreskin fibroblast cell	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID134099	Topical treatment of intracutaneous TK- herpes simplex virus type 1 of strain VMW 1837 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 0.3% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID248868	Compound concentration to reduce virus plague formation by 50% tested against human cytomegalovirus laboratory strains P8 using MRC-5 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6	Design and synthesis of a potent macrocyclic 1,6-naphthyridine anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors.
AID510764	Cytotoxicity against HLF infected with human cytomegalovirus after 7 days by alamar blue assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID91030	Antiviral activity determined against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in Hs 68 cell line by plaque reduction assay	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-03, Volume: 10, Issue:13	Design and evaluation of dihydroisoquinolines as potent and orally bioavailable human cytomegalovirus inhibitors.
AID103950	Tested for mean day to death of nonsurvivors against systemic MCMV infection in mice at 1.9 mg/kg per day	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID82068	Antiviral activity was estimated by the HCMV yield reduction experiments	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of carbohydrate-modified pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-7-one nucleosides.
AID540210	Clearance in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID68768	Compound was tested for Anti-HCMV activity against F2002 cell line(exp 1)	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 8, Issue:24	Design and synthesis of a novel class of nucleotide analogs with anti-HCMV activity.
AID1854964	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID634837	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 2 infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID1113469	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 strain G infected human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 3 days by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID675220	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederie infected in HEL cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID134094	Topical treatment of intracutaneous HSV-1 (KOS) herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of Nu/nu mice for mean day of appearance of skin lesions and/or paralysis of the hind legs at 1% concentration (v/v in DMSO)	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID510773	Antiviral activity against 0.1 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID278226	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2296 in MRC5 cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID84933	Inhibition of viral cytopathic effect in infected human foreskin fibroblast cell in monolayers of HSV-2 AD Vero cells by 50%	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-11, Volume: 44, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-cyanamido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-hydroxy(or methoxy)-2-azidoethyl) analogues of uracil nucleosides.
AID1907120	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells assessed as cell viability incubated for 168 hrs by MTS-based Cell Titer assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7	4,5-Dihydroxypyrimidine Methyl Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, and Carboxamides as Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus pUL89 Endonuclease.
AID80096	Compound was evaluated for antiviral activity by their capacity to inhibit replication of HCMV virus	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain novel pyrazinoic acid C-nucleosides.
AID365171	Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl adenine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID544707	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human foreskin fibroblast assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	A 6-aminoquinolone compound, WC5, with potent and selective anti-human cytomegalovirus activity.
AID82424	Visual cytotoxicity against stationary human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells at the time of HCMV plaque enumeration	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tricyclic nucleosides (dimensional probes) as analogues of certain antiviral polyhalogenated benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID291028	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis in HEL cells assessed as reduction of plaque formation after 7days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-28, Volume: 50, Issue:13	Novel C-6 fluorinated acyclic side chain pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, (1)H and (13)C NMR conformational studies, and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations.
AID607910	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 days by microscopic analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 19, Issue:14	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-halouridine phosphoramidate ProTides.
AID82426	Visual cytotoxicity was scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of trisubstituted indole N-nucleosides as analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB).
AID634748	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acv-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID1661191	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as minimum cytotoxic concentration for change in cellular morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopic analysis	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 11, Issue:7	Amidate Prodrugs of
AID412419	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HSV1 L182 isolate replication in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID81041	Minimum cytotoxic concentration against HEL cell morphology; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID46023	Compound was tested for anti-viral activity against HIV-1 in CEM cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID286285	Cytotoxicity against Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infected BC3 cells after 120 hrs by MTT assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-03, Volume: 50, Issue:9	9-(2-C-Cyano-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosyl)guanine, a potential antitumor agent against B-lymphoma infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
AID388920	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral cytopathicity	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID523527	Antiviral activity against 1 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as virus yield reduction by yield reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID297314	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations of the new C-5 substituted pyrimidine and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4',5'-didehydro-L-ascorbic acid derivatives.
AID63604	Tested for antiviral activity against VSV-virus in human embryonic skin muscle fibroblasts	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-11, Volume: 12, Issue:5	New 2-(1-adamantylcarbonyl)pyridine and 1-acetyladamantane thiosemicarbazones-thiocarbonohydrazones: cell growth inhibitory, antiviral and antimicrobial activity evaluation.
AID83364	Effective concentration required to inhibit cytomegalo virus-induced cytopathicity by 50% in Davis-169 strain HEL cell lines	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17	Synthesis, mechanism of action, and antiviral activity of a new series of covalent mechanism-based inhibitors of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.
AID45841	Compound concentration required to reduce viability of CEM cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID365169	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID16017	Efficacy was evaluated against Systemic HSV-1 infection in mice at a daily dose of 3.1 mg/kg administered subcutaneously.	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiherpetic activity of (S)-, (R)-, and (+/-)-9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine, linear isomers of 2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine.
AID87031	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-2(G)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID83332	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against Varicella zoster virus (YS strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID539927	Antiviral activity against Feline coronavirus FIPV infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones.
AID658741	Cytotoxicity against human HEL cells assessed as minimum compound concentration required to causes microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID79972	In vitro antiviral activity tested against HCMV, EC strain by plaque reduction assay in human foreskin fibroblasts.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID46024	Compound was tested for anti-viral activity against HIV-2 in CEM cells	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one dideoxynucleoside derivatives.
AID117918	Effect of oral treatment on HSV-2 encephalitis infection in mice and survivors/total was reported at a dose 10 mg/kg; 5/20	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Acyclic analogues of 2'-deoxynucleosides related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine as potential antiviral agents.
AID1572733	Antiviral activity against Varicella-zoster virus Oka harboring thymidine kinase infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6	Synthesis and anti-HSV activity of tricyclic penciclovir and hydroxybutylguanine derivatives.
AID1854967	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella zoster-virus O7-1 strain infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation by microscopic analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 241	Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides.
AID83325	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against Cytomegalovirus virus (Davis strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID253316	Minimum cytotoxic concentration that causes microscopically detectable alteration of cell morphology in HEL cell culture	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-21, Volume: 47, Issue:22	6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: antiviral agents against TK+ and TK- HSV and VZV strains.
AID510751	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus infected in human MRC5 cells after 7 days by GFP-based fluorescent reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID217753	Antiviral activity determined against herpes simplex type 1 (F strain) by plaque reduction in Vero cells	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-herpes-virus activity of acyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine analogues related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID309811	Antiviral activity against TK- VZV 07/1 in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Influence of 6 or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-phenethylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
AID1337440	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124	Identification of an indol-based derivative as potent and selective varicella zoster virus (VZV) inhibitor.
AID1239481	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 expressing GFP infected in HFF assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 7 days	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Highly potent artemisinin-derived dimers and trimers: Synthesis and evaluation of their antimalarial, antileukemia and antiviral activities.
AID416773	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID288922	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID90615	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus in a plaque-reduction assay	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin.
AID90762	Antiviral activity evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) AD169	2003	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 13, Issue:24	Novel bicyclic furanopyrimidines with dual anti-VZV and -HCMV activity.
AID768200	Antiviral activity against TK-negative Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID416775	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederle in human HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Indolylarylsulfones bearing natural and unnatural amino acids. Discovery of potent inhibitors of HIV-1 non-nucleoside wild type and resistant mutant strains reverse transcriptase and coxsackie B4 virus.
AID216164	Tested for antiviral activity against VZV (YS); Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID106538	Inhibitory concentration against Xba F strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID675222	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as effect on cell growth incubated for 3 days by Coulter counter assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID350200	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells by neutral red uptake assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID1451454	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell counting method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID1451452	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD-169 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID518642	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3136 expressing UL97 kinase H469Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1407614	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus Lederle infected in HELF cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID675221	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as effect on cell morphology incubated for 3 days by microscopy	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID132930	Compound was evaluated for mean day of death at 0.6 mg/kg at 6 h	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID106206	Concentration required to reduce MRC-5 cell growth by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Benzothiadiazine dioxide dibenzyl derivatives as potent human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and comparative molecular field analysis.
AID83328	The minimum inhibitory concentration was measured on HEL cells against TK-Varicella zoster virus (07/1 strain)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-16, Volume: 37, Issue:19	Tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. Influence of substituents in the heterocyclic moiety on the antiviral activity.
AID42114	Compound was evaluated for cytotoxic activity against BSC cells	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID84084	Inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (F) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID83503	Inhibition of cell growth in HEL cells.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID523528	Antiviral activity against 0.1 MOI human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in human HFF assessed as virus yield reduction by yield reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein.
AID85277	compound was tested for antiherpes activity against HSV-2(186) in tissue culture by plaque reduction assay	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 34, Issue:4	Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.
AID548420	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells assessed as cell viability by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID91292	Cytotoxicity was determined at 1000 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID675219	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in CRFK cells by viral CPE assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55	Synthesis and antiviral activities of hexadecyloxypropyl prodrugs of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates containing guanine or hypoxanthine and a (S)-HPMP or PEE acyclic moiety.
AID79962	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (E)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID87181	In vitro antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) was determined; ND= Not determined	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-11, Volume: 12, Issue:3	5-Bromo (or chloro)-6-azido-5,6-dihydro-2' -deoxyuridine and -thymidine derivatives with potent antiviral activity.
AID518839	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3215 expressing UL97 kinase A478V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1451462	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID273049	Inhibition of EBV replication in H1 cells by DNA hybridization assay	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 49, Issue:20	9-{[3-fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methyl}adenines and -guanines. Synthesis and antiviral activity of all stereoisomers1.
AID1427829	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation
AID463993	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-sensitive Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection from virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 2 to 3 days by MTT assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid.
AID79963	concentration required to reduce virus HCMV (F)plaque formation by 50%	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID90930	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalo virus (HCMV) in yield reduction assay	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of certain disubstituted benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID383519	Antiviral activity against in Vesicular stomatitis virus in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID768202	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID516963	Cytotoxicity against human HSB2 cells assessed as change in cell morphology	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19	Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
AID518835	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2258 expressing UL97 kinase C592G mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID432172	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiviral activity of new pyrazole and thiazole derivatives.
AID510757	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in NHDF assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 to 7 days by giemsa staining	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID291032	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as cell growth after 7 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-28, Volume: 50, Issue:13	Novel C-6 fluorinated acyclic side chain pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, (1)H and (13)C NMR conformational studies, and antiviral and cytostatic evaluations.
AID303216	Antiviral activity against HCMV Davis in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID259181	Antiviral activity against HIV1 IIIB in CEM cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclic and acyclic 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone nucleoside derivatives.
AID611622	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in CRFK cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11	New prodrugs of Adefovir and Cidofovir.
AID217674	Inhibitory concentration against VZV strain YS in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID563776	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus RC314 harboring UL97 K355M mutant gene infected in HFF after 8 to 10 days by plaque reduction assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12	Inhibition of herpesvirus replication by 5-substituted 4'-thiopyrimidine nucleosides.
AID372971	Drug resistance, ratio of EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2798 with pol T813S UL97 C592G double mutant to EC50 for Cytomegalovirus CMV T2211 by SEAP reporter gene assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Growth and drug resistance phenotypes resulting from cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase region III mutations observed in clinical specimens.
AID518831	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T2255 expressing UL97 kinase A594V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID106534	Inhibitory concentration against Davis strain of HCMV in MRC5 cells	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID216533	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against vesicular stomatitis virus	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID1410510	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as morphological changes after 3 days by microscopic analysis	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID1451455	Cytostatic activity human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by cell counting method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-28, Volume: 60, Issue:18	Virtual Screening of Acyclovir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Acyclic Nucleoside ProTides.
AID1394847	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 6 to 7 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID126885	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 16.7 mg/kg at 6 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1684817	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase positive Varicella zoster virus OKA infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation measured on day 5 post-viral infection	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-14, Volume: 12, Issue:1	Influence of 4'-Substitution on the Activity of Gemcitabine and Its ProTide Against VZV and SARS-CoV-2.
AID288923	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in cell morphology	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 50, Issue:12	5-alkynyl analogs of arabinouridine and 2'-deoxyuridine: cytostatic activity against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster thymidine kinase gene-transfected cells.
AID81362	concentration required to reduce virus Thymidine Kinase-Varicella-Zoster Virus(OKA)plaque formation by 50%; ND=No Data	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID1209393	AUC(0 to 7 hrs) in Sprague-Dawley rat cerebrospinal fluid at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID65709	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 TK-KOS ACV (HSV-1) in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID303221	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as alteration in morphology after 3 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 50, Issue:23	Ester prodrugs of cyclic 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-5-azacytosine: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID350203	Antiviral activity against Murine cytomegalovirus infected in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-28, Volume: 52, Issue:10	(Z)- and (E)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)methylenecyclopropane analogues of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Synthesis of all stereoisomers, absolute configuration, and antiviral activity.
AID434326	Cytotoxicity against Cytomegalovirus infected HEL cells assessed as change in cell morphology	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID87187	Inhibition of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) in yield reduction assay	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID303438	Cytotoxicity against MCA cells	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 50, Issue:24	Synthesis and evaluation of cis-1-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-yl]-5-[(124)I]iodouracil: a new potential PET imaging agent for HSV1-tk expression.
AID85120	Inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (G) replication in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID498606	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MJ2 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID81930	Visual cytotoxicity scored on HFF cells at the time of HCMV plaque enumeration.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Synthesis and evaluation of certain thiosangivamycin analogs as potential inhibitors of cell proliferation and human cytomegalovirus.
AID106179	In vitro antiherpesvirus activity against MRC-5 cells infected with HCMV (AD-169 strain)	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-07, Volume: 35, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral activity of methyl derivatives of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]guanine.
AID326136	Antiviral activity against Herpes B virus E90-136 infected in african green monkey Vero cells assessed as plaque reduction after 36 to 48 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Sensitivity of monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) to antiviral drugs: role of thymidine kinase in antiviral activities of substrate analogs and acyclonucleosides.
AID216476	Antiviral activity against TK+ Varicella-Zoster virus YS which reduces virus plaque formation by 50%; ND denotes no data	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Synthesis and antiviral/antiproliferative activity of some N-sulphonylbenzimidazoles.
AID518827	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3041 expressing UL97 kinase L600I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID1241031	Cytotoxicity against HFF	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	2- and 3-Fluoro-3-deazaneplanocins, 2-fluoro-3-deazaaristeromycins, and 3-methyl-3-deazaneplanocin: Synthesis and antiviral properties.
AID1765503	Binding affinity to human cytomegalovirus pUL89 assessed as change in melting temperature at 20 uM by thermal shift assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Metal binding 6-arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones inhibited human cytomegalovirus by targeting the pUL89 endonuclease of the terminase complex.
AID91286	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus (VV) in human foreskin cell cultures in virus plaque reduction assay at 3.2 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 30, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of carbocyclic analogues of xylofuranosides of 2-amino-6-substituted-purines and 2-amino-6-substituted-8-azapurines.
AID256537	Toxicity on uninfected African green monkey kidney cells determined in microscopic evaluation and quantitative neutral red dye uptake assay	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-08, Volume: 48, Issue:18	4-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines as non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and related herpesvirus polymerases.
AID1782675	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 220	Phenoxazine nucleoside derivatives with a multiple activity against RNA and DNA viruses.
AID434310	Antiviral activity against sVesicular stomatitis virus infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID548421	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus 1 infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID548428	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus induced cytopathicity after 2 to 4 days by MTS assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 45, Issue:12	4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation.
AID553340	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 7 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID86047	Antiviral activity evaluated by their ability to inhibit the KOS strain of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1).plaque assay was used	1998	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 41, Issue:8	Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of alpha-nucleosides: D- and L-isomers of lyxofuranosyl- and (5-deoxylyxofuranosyl)benzimidazoles.
AID96379	Tested for cytotoxic activity against human neoplastic cell line(KB cells).	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogues of sangivamycin and toyocamycin.
AID1473739	Inhibition of human MRP2 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID518850	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3185 harboring Frt motif upstream of UL97 gene and expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID296675	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient VZV YS/R in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus plaque formation after 5 days	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 6-(alkyl-heteroaryl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides and analogues with ethynyl, ethenyl, and ethyl spacers at C6 of the furopyrimidine core.
AID655438	Ratio of EC50 for ACV-resistant TK-deficient HSV-1 KOS to EC50 for wild type HIV-1	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-08, Volume: 2, Issue:9	Synthesis of 4'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxy-4'-thioribonucleosides and Discovery of a Highly Potent and Less Toxic NRTI.
AID91295	Inhibitory concentration of the drug against the cytopathic effect for AD169 strain of epstein barr virus-2 (HCMV) in human HFF cells	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-20, Volume: 36, Issue:17	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-azido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-azido-, amino-, or methoxyethyl) analogs of 2'-deoxyuridine.
AID282650	Inhibition of HSV1 in Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27	(Z)- and (E)-[2-Fluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropylidene]methylpurines and -pyrimidines, a new class of methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides: synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID209539	Inhibitory concentration against TK-VZV strain YS-R in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID42123	Antiviral activity against HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus), determined by ELISA in quadruplicate wells using BSC-1 cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tricyclic nucleosides (dimensional probes) as analogues of certain antiviral polyhalogenated benzimidazole ribonucleosides.
AID388918	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase expressing Varicella-Zoster virus Oka in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral cytopathicity	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID216162	Tested for antiviral activity against VZV (TK-KOS); Not determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID96382	Tested in vitro for cytotoxicity against the human neoplastic cell line (KB cells).	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 33, Issue:12	Arabinofuranosylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID518837	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3216 expressing UL97 kinase A588V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID67099	Inhibition of growth of Epstein Barr virus(EBV) in human lung fibroblast cell line	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID1209379	AUC(0 to 7 hrs) in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma at 3 mg/kg, sc by LC-MS/MS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 40, Issue:11	An evaluation of using rat-derived single-dose neuropharmacokinetic parameters to project accurately large animal unbound brain drug concentrations.
AID1830604	Antiviral activity against GFP-expressing HSV-1 assessed as reduction in viral growth by fluorescence assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 52	Synthesis and antiviral effect of phosphamide modified vidarabine for treating HSV 1 infections.
AID278215	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2241 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID83022	Tested for the inhibitory concentration required to reduce cytomegalovirus (CMV) strain Davis plaque formation by 50%.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-03, Volume: 38, Issue:5	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure analysis of a series of new 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID634754	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient Varicella Zoster virus 07/1 infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID82065	Visual cytotoxicity was scored on HFF cells at time of HCMV plaque enumeration	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-substituted 4,5-dichloro- and 4,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID518868	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3329 expressing UL97 kinase C603W mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID80085	Compound was evaluated for the antiviral activity against HCMV	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-07, Volume: 8, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene.
AID83710	Tested for antiviral activity against HSV-1 (KOS)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID609575	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 2 strain G assessed as reduction of virus induced cytopathicity by cell based assay	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15	Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity.
AID518643	Ratio of EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T3242 expressing UL97 kinase A478V mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast to EC50 for Human cytomegalovirus T2211 expressing UL97 kinase H587Y mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID221313	Evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in primary rabbit kidney (PRK) by 50% against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) with strains Lyons	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological properties of novel phosphotriesters: a new approach to the introduction of biologically active nucleotides into cells.
AID84407	Minimal inhibitory concentration to reduce virus-induced cytopathicity against Thymidine kinase deficient(TK-) HSV-1 of Acyclovir	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-22, Volume: 44, Issue:24	Fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. A structure-antiviral activity study.
AID87025	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Herpes simplex Virus-1(F)	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-07, Volume: 45, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID103953	Number of survivors per number of systemic MCMV infected mice treated with 33.4 mg/kg per day; 15/15	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID718736	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis of isoindole and benzoisoindole derivatives of teicoplanin pseudoaglycon with remarkable antibacterial and antiviral activities.
AID419592	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID570657	Bioavailability in solid organ transplant patient exhibiting 57 L/hr creatinine clearance infected with cytomegalovirus at 5 mg/kg, iv bid for 5 days followed by 900 mg of oral valganciclovir dosed twice daily for 16 days dose adjustment for renal functio	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11	Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
AID1457769	Cytotoxic activity against HEL cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology after 3 days by microscopic method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14	Expanding the Antiviral Spectrum of 3-Fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates: Diamyl Aspartate Amidate Prodrugs.
AID498609	Antiviral activity against HSV1 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID768210	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID388921	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus Davis in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral cytopathicity	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21	Influence of 6- or 8-substitution on the antiviral activity of 3-arylalkylthiomethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV): part II.
AID85433	Compound was tested for the inhibition of HSV-1 polymerase	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5	Enzymatic phosphorylation of the antiherpetic agent 9-[(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID1394848	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 2 to 3 days post infection	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cyclopentyl nucleoside phosphonates.
AID1113470	Cytotoxicity against Homo sapiens (human) HEL cells assessed as change in cellular morphology	2013	Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents, , Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(5-substituted-1-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-
AID1410507	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase deficient Varicella-Zoster virus 07-1 assessed as inhibition of plaque formation measured after 5 days post-infection	2018	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Amidate Prodrugs of Cyclic 9-(
AID221295	Tested for antiviral activity against HBV (Hep AD79)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID87653	Antiviral activity determined by plaque-reduction assay against Herpes simplex virus type 2, G strain in Vero cells	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 32, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of the nucleotide analogue (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine.
AID363785	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell growth	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 43, Issue:6	The novel primaquine derivatives of N-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl urea: synthesis, cytostatic and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID412416	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-sensitive HSV1 K161 isolate replication in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1	Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue.
AID518838	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3240 expressing UL97 kinase N510S mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID82428	Antiviral activity against HCMV was determined by yield reduction assay using HFF cells	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of trisubstituted indole N-nucleosides as analogues of 2,5,6-trichloro-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole (TCRB).
AID383525	Antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 43, Issue:2	Synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-HIV and anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID126883	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 16.7 mg/kg at 24 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID42128	Tested for cytotoxic activity against monkey kidney cells(BSC-1) cells.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogues of sangivamycin and toyocamycin.
AID65712	Antiviral activity against vesicular simplex virus-1 in E6SM cell cultures	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-02, Volume: 44, Issue:16	Design, synthesis, DNA binding, and biological evaluation of water-soluble hybrid molecules containing two pyrazole analogues of the alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole (CPI) subunit of the antitumor agent CC-1065 and polypyrrole minor groove binders.
AID654297	Antiviral activity against MCMV infected in BALB/c mouse assessed as decrease in virus-induced mean day of death at 50 mg/kg, po qd for 5 days administered 48 hrs after viral infection (Rvb = 5.1 +/- 0.9 days)	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 6-deoxycyclopropavir, a new prodrug of cyclopropavir.
AID736037	Antiviral activity against HCMV AD169	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 21, Issue:5	N1,N3-disubstituted uracils as nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID284527	Antiviral activity against HSV2 G-induced cytopathogenicity in E6SM cells	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 15, Issue:2	The novel C-5 aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl substituted uracil derivatives of L-ascorbic acid: synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity evaluations.
AID246614	Effective concentration required to inhibit human cytomegalo virus Davis induced cytopathicity in HEL fibroblast cell line after 7 days of postinfection	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-07, Volume: 48, Issue:7	From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors.
AID85555	Antiviral activity against herpesvirus HSV-1 in BWS strain in tissue culture.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 33, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiviral activity of (S)-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonomethoxy)butyl]guanine.
AID90618	Concentration required to decrease the growth rate to 50% of control was evaluated against HCMV by using yield reduction assay.	1992	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-07, Volume: 35, Issue:3	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine nucleosides: an entry into a novel series of adenosine analogues.
AID217673	Inhibitory concentration against VZV strain OKA in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell culture	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 36, Issue:14	Synthesis and antiherpes virus activity of 1,5-anhydrohexitol nucleosides.
AID518633	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus T3243 expressing UL97 kinase T659I mutant gene infected in human foreskin fibroblast measured 6 days post infection by SEAP reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Recombinant phenotyping of cytomegalovirus UL97 kinase sequence variants for ganciclovir resistance.
AID266283	Cytotoxicity against Vero cell line	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 49, Issue:12	Effect of various pyrimidines possessing the 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl] moiety, able to mimic natural 2'-deoxyribose, on wild-type and mutant hepatitis B virus replication.
AID81228	Concentration required to reduce Thymidine Kinase deficient Varicella Zoster Virus (07/1) plaque formation by 50%; ND=No Data	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 43, Issue:17	Nonnucleoside human cytomegalovirus inhibitors: synthesis and antiviral evaluation of (chlorophenylmethyl)benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives.
AID275087	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	Synthesis, in vitro antiviral evaluation, and stability studies of novel alpha-borano-nucleotide analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine and (R)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine.
AID86044	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus using ELISA	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-30, Volume: 39, Issue:18	Synthesis of non-nucleoside analogs of toyocamycin, sangivamycin, and thiosangivamycin: the effect of certain 4- and 4,6-substituents on the antiviral activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID1219941	Drug transport in human ENT in HEK cells in presence of 100 uM ENT inhibitor benzythioinosine	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 40, Issue:3	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs.
AID464097	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus infected in HFF cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 20, Issue:6	The design and development of 2-aryl-2-hydroxy ethylamine substituted 1H,7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]quinoxaline-6-carboxamides as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus polymerase.
AID553337	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 7 days	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-13, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel antiviral C5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates selected as human thymidylate kinase substrates.
AID210528	Phosphorylation of compound by purified HSV-1 (F strain) thymidine kinase	1986	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Synthesis and anti-herpes-virus activity of acyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine analogues related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine.
AID498409	Antiviral activity against Macacine herpesvirus 1 isolate MR4 infected in african green monkey Vero cells by plaque reduction assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Inhibition of B virus (Macacine herpesvirus 1) by conventional and experimental antiviral compounds.
AID84592	Inhibition of growth of herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) by plaque reduction assay in vero cell line	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 31, Issue:1	Effect of acyclic pyrimidines related to 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine on herpesviruses.
AID1710798	Antiviral activity against Feline herpesvirus infected in cat CRFK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect incubated for 3 to 6 days by light microscopic analysis	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 24, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones.
AID766709	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells assessed as cell viability by MTS assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	Regioselective synthesis of 6-substituted-2-amino-5-bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.
AID53755	Concentration required to reduce the viral DNA in infected cells to 50% of untreated infected controls of Hepatitis B virus in primary duck hepatocyte (DHBV) cultures	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-09, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Design and synthesis of novel 5-substituted acyclic pyrimidine nucleosides as potent and selective inhibitors of hepatitis B virus.
AID54953	Effective concentration required against HCMV AD169 for antiviral activity	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-18, Volume: 11, Issue:12	The cyclohexene ring as bioisostere of a furanose ring: synthesis and antiviral activity of cyclohexenyl nucleosides.
AID1256246	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis VR-807 infected in African green monkey Vero cells after 3 days by MTT assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-12, Volume: 58, Issue:21	Selenoacyclovir and Selenoganciclovir: Discovery of a New Template for Antiviral Agents.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID634750	Antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID354675	Antiviral activity against mouse cytomegalovirus by plaque-neutralization assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 59, Issue:8	Two new naphthoquinones with antiviral activity from Rhinacanthus nasutus.
AID68272	Concentration required to inhibit HSV-2(G) induced cytopathogenicity in ESM cells by 50%	1991	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 34, Issue:8	Synthesis and antiviral activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purines, tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir.
AID393991	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HCMV AD169 clone 1 infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 52, Issue:6	4-Benzyloxy-gamma-sultone derivatives: discovery of a novel family of non-nucleoside inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.
AID278221	Antiviral activity against Human CMV AD169 in HFF cells by PRA	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID510765	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HS27 cells to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus infected in human HS27 cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID126878	Compound was evaluated for 15 mice treated ip twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg at 6 hr followed (MCMV) virus inoculation	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID246376	Effective concentration required to inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 Kos strain induced cytopathicity in Hel cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 48, Issue:2	Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cis-substituted cyclohexenyl and cyclohexanyl nucleosides.
AID658617	Antiviral activity against HSV1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 4 days	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID634753	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-positive Varicella Zoster virus Oka infected in human HEL cells assessed as inhibition of viral plaque formation at 250 uM	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 47, Issue:1	Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker.
AID1561395	Antiviral activity against HCMV Towne infected in human HFF cells assessed as reduction in plaque formation treated with compound following viral infection and incubated for 8 to 10 days by crystal violet staining based assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-23, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Validation and Characterization of Five Distinct Novel Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus.
AID87344	Inhibitory concentration against HCMV in plaque reduction assay	1988	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 31, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4- and 4,5-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
AID299438	Antiviral activity against HCMV in human foreskin fibroblast assessed as inhibition of virus plaque formation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 17, Issue:14	7-Oxo-4,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamides: synthesis and biological activity of a new class of highly potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.
AID419594	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 3 days	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6	Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID248884	Inhibitory concentration required against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) wild type expressed in HFF cells was determined by plaque reduction assay	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-04, Volume: 47, Issue:23	Synthesis, antiviral activity, and mode of action of some 3-substituted 2,5,6-trichloroindole 2'- and 5'-deoxyribonucleosides.
AID434327	Cytotoxicity against Cytomegalovirus infected HEL cells assessed as reduction in cell growth	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID246264	Effective concentration against Davis strain of CMV virus expressed in HEL cells	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 48, Issue:3	Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure study, and cytostatic and antiviral evaluation of the novel cycloalkyl-N-aryl-hydroxamic acids.
AID79957	Tested for antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) by means of plaque reduction assay.	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 33, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogues of sangivamycin and toyocamycin.
AID103952	Number of survivors per number of systemic MCMV infected mice treated with 3.8 mg/kg per day; 10/15	1990	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5	Cyclobut-A and cyclobut-G: broad-spectrum antiviral agents with potential utility for the therapy of AIDS.
AID768208	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus Davis infected in human HEL cells assessed as reduction of plaque formation	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 66	Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as potent antimalarials and their mode of action studies.
AID1407615	Cytotoxicity against HELF cells assessed as alteration of cell morphology by microscopic analysis	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157	Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides.
AID1427836	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells infected with Cytomegalovirus assessed as growth inhibition
AID365175	Antiviral activity against HCMV 521 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 51, Issue:18	4"-Benzoylureido-TSAO derivatives as potent and selective non-nucleoside HCMV inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship and mechanism of antiviral action.
AID217411	Growth inhibition of cytomegalovirus in Vero cells	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-09, Volume: 46, Issue:21	Design and synthesis of pyrrolidine-5,5'-trans-lactams (5-oxo-hexahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles) as novel mechanism-based inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus protease. 4. Antiviral activity and plasma stability.
AID278219	Antiviral activity against Human CMV T2291 in HFF cells by SEAP assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1	Multidrug resistance conferred by novel DNA polymerase mutations in human cytomegalovirus isolates.
AID434320	Cytotoxicity against HEL cells assessed as change in cell morphology	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID258990	Antiviral activity against Varicella-Zoster virus 07/1 strain	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-12, Volume: 49, Issue:1	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-(alkyn-1-yl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one base and nucleoside derivatives.
AID274898	Cytotoxicity against human OST TK- cells expressing HSV1 TK in presence of 5 uM 1-[6-[1,1-(diphenyl)-1-(4-pyridyl)methoxy]hexyl]thymine	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-28, Volume: 49, Issue:26	N1-substituted thymine derivatives as mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK-2) inhibitors.
AID80124	Antiviral activity was determined against Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strain AD-169 using CPE inhibition assay	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	Syntheses and structure--activity relationships of novel apio and thioapio dideoxydidehydronucleosides as anti-HCMV agents.
AID481810	Cytotoxicity against HFF cells after 3 days by neutral red dye uptake assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 20, Issue:10	Modifications of C-2 on the pyrroloquinoline template aimed at the development of potent herpesvirus antivirals with improved aqueous solubility.
AID95857	Inhibition of KB cell growth was determined	1997	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 40, Issue:5	Design, synthesis, and antiviral evaluation of 2-chloro-5,6-dihalo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoles as potential agents for human cytomegalovirus infections.
AID434322	Antiviral activity against Cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as reduction in virus plaque formation	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide.
AID658757	Cytotoxicity against cat CRFK cells assessed as cell viability by colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 52	2-Aminopyrimidine based 4-aminoquinoline anti-plasmodial agents. Synthesis, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies.
AID510768	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for NHLF to EC50 for human cytomegalovirus infected in NHLF	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel anticytomegalovirus compound AIC246.
AID63945	Inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell cultures of human embryonic skin-muscle	2002	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25	A thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of BVDU with significant antiviral activity.
AID400426	Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for mCMV RM461 by cytopathic effect over IC50 for human Hep2 cells	1998	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5	Antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea.
AID218371	Compound was evaluated for its cytotoxicity against Vero cell line	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-06, Volume: 11, Issue:15	Synthesis of N-alkyl substituted indolocarbazoles as potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus replication.
AID118401	Mean survival time of HSV-2 induced mortality in mice was determined when the 30 mg/Kg of compound was administered subcutaneously	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propylthio)methyl]guanine.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347411	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1745854	NCATS anti-infectives library activity on HEK293 viability as a counter-qHTS vs the C. elegans viability qHTS	2023	Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID540299	A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID588519	A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities	2011	Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3	High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).	2014	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1224864	HCS microscopy assay (F508del-CFTR)	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:10	Increasing the Endoplasmic Reticulum Pool of the F508del Allele of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Leads to Greater Folding Correction by Small Molecule Therapeutics.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	312 (4.93)	18.7374
1990's	2028 (32.04)	18.2507
2000's	2080 (32.86)	29.6817
2010's	1553 (24.54)	24.3611
2020's	356 (5.62)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	552 (8.21%)	5.53%
Reviews	629 (9.36%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1,360 (20.24%)	4.05%
Observational	24 (0.36%)	0.25%
Other	4,155 (61.83%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Ganciclovir 0,15% Ophthalmic Gel in the Treatment of Adenovirus Keratoconjuntivitis [NCT01349452]		33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Completed
Modified Preemptive CMV Management Strategy After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Laboratory Correlation With Innate Immune Function [NCT01199562]		153 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-12-31	Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics of Anti-infective Drugs in Children in Anti-infectious Therapies [NCT03113344]		800 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2017-06-21	Recruiting
Intra-cameral Penetration and Efficacy of Ganciclovir Following Topical Administration of 2% Ganciclovir Eye Drop for CMV Anterior Uveitis / Endotheliitis [NCT02943057]	Phase 4	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Active, not recruiting
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Active-controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Maribavir Treatment Compared to Investigator-assigned Treatment in Transplant Recipients With Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infections That Are Refractory [NCT02931539]	Phase 3	352 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-22	Completed
A Prospective, Non-randomized, Non-controlled Trial: Initial Intravitreal Injection of High-dose Ganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in HIV-negative Patients [NCT03598452]		33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
A Phase II Open-Label Randomized Study of Anti-Viral Antibiotic Therapy With and Without Familial (Maternal) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) in Neonates With Moderate/Severe Maternal Acquired CMV Infection [NCT05564598]	Phase 2	23 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
(Val)Ganciclovir Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Transplant Recipients [NCT03698435]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-05-25	Recruiting
Cell Mediated Immunity as a Guide for Secondary Prophylaxis in SOT Patients With CMV Infection [NCT02370758]		32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
A Phase I Study of AD5.SSTR/TK.RGD; A Tropism Modified Adenovirus Vector for Intraperitoneal Delivery of Therapeutic Genes and Additional Capability of Noninvasive Imaging of Gene Transfer in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian and Other Selected Gynecologic [NCT00964756]	Phase 1	11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Completed
A Phase 2a Open-Label Multi-Center Study Evaluating HQK-1004 Administered With Valganciclovir in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Lymphoid Malignancies or Lymphoproliferative Disorders [NCT00992732]	Phase 2	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-05-31	Terminated
[NCT02202564]	Phase 2	81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
Systemic and Topical Antivirals for Control of Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis: Treatment [NCT03586284]	Phase 2/Phase 3	99 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-15	Recruiting
A Phase II Trial of Low-Dose Arginine Butyrate and Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir in EBV(+)Lymphoid Malignancies [NCT00917826]	Phase 2	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Terminated
Multicenter, Randomized Study Comparing Oral Valganciclovir Versus Intravenous Ganciclovir in Patients Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation [NCT01185223]	Phase 3	212 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Terminated
CMV Specific Cellular Immunity in Recipients of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation: Association of CMV-Specific HLA-Peptide Tetramer Binding With Cytotoxic T-Cell Function, CMV Infection and Other Clinical Events [NCT00716911]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2000-01-31	Completed
A Randomized Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Oral Ganciclovir After Treatment With Intravenous Ganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal Disease in AIDS Patients [NCT00000768]	Phase 1	24 participants	Interventional		Completed
An Open Multicenter Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Different Doses of Stimotimagene Copolymerplasmid at Patients With Advanced-stage Solid Tumors With Cymeven® (Ganciclovir) Infusions [NCT05578820]	Phase 1	12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Recruiting
Phase IV.II Pilot Study of Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection With a Brief Induction With Ganciclovir i.v. Followed by Valganciclovir Oral in Solid Organ Transplant Patients. [NCT00730769]	Phase 4	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Phase II Trial of the Adoptive Transfer of Selected Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CMV-CTL) After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT) in Patients at Risk of CMV Disease [NCT00986557]	Phase 2	78 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind Study To Assess The Efficacy And Safety Of Prophylactic Use Of Maribavir Versus Oral Ganciclovir For The Prevention Of Cytomegalovirus Disease In Recipients Of Orthotopic Liver Transplants [NCT00497796]	Phase 3	307 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-23	Completed
Determining a Viral Load Threshold for Pre-emptive Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplant Patients Using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Monitoring [NCT00947141]	Phase 4	165 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-02-28	Completed
Prospective Study Evaluating Plasma Exposure of Optimized Antibiotic Therapy According to TDM in Patients With Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (ES) and Cerebral Haemorrhage (EC) [NCT04132115]		104 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-10-01	Recruiting
The Efficiency and Safety of Low Dose IL-2 and Ganciclovir in Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection: an Open Label, Prospective and Control Trial [NCT04225780]	Phase 1/Phase 2	10 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-01	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized Trial Comparing Valcyte CMV Prophylaxis Versus Pre-emptive Therapy After Renal Transplantation Using Proteomics for Monitoring of Graft Alteration [NCT00372229]	Phase 3	299 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-05-31	Completed
Randomized, Multi-Center Comparative Trial of Tacrolimus w/Steroids and Standard Daclizumab Induction vs a Novel Steroid-Free Tacrolimus Based Immunosuppression Protocol w/ Extended Daclizumab Induction in Pediatric Renal Transplantation [NCT00141037]	Phase 1/Phase 2	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Phase II Study of Intravenous Ganciclovir Followed by Oral Ganciclovir in the Treatment of Reactivation of CMV Following Bone Marrow Transplant [NCT00530218]	Phase 2	61 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-03-31	Completed
Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma With Gene Modified Cancer Cell Lines [NCT00006216]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional	1997-08-31	Active, not recruiting
Foscarnet-Ganciclovir CMV Retinitis Trial [NCT00000136]	Phase 3	234 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1990-03-31	Completed
A Phase I Open-Labeled Study of Long Term Combined or Alternating Foscarnet/Ganciclovir Maintenance Therapy for AIDS Patients With CMV Retinitis After Ganciclovir Induction Therapy [NCT00000970]	Phase 1	30 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-label Study of the Effect of Oral Valcyte Versus Intravenous Ganciclovir on CMV Viremia in Solid Organ Transplant Patients [NCT00431353]	Phase 4	325 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
Ganciclovir to Prevent Reactivation of Cytomegalovirus in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure and Sepsis [NCT04706507]	Phase 3	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-29	Recruiting
A Phase II Trial Of Induction Therapy With Zidovudine, Interleukin-2, And Ganciclovir In The Treatment Of HIV Positive Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma [NCT00006264]	Phase 2	0 participants	Interventional	2000-07-31	Completed
Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety of Cellular Immunotherapy for Recurrent/Refractory Neuroblastoma Using Genetically-Modified Autologous CD8+ T Cell Clones [NCT00006480]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional	2000-05-31	Completed
A PHASE I TRIAL OF BUTYRATE AND GANCICLOVIR IN EBV-ASSOCIATED MALIGNANCIES [NCT00006340]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional	1994-12-31	Completed
A Randomized, Controlled Study of Intravenous Ganciclovir Therapy for Peripheral Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients With AIDS [NCT00000688]	Phase 3	180 participants	Interventional		Completed
"Prospective, Interventional, Randomized, Double-masked With the Use of Ganciclovir Gel 0.3% for Treatment of Conjunctivitis Caused by Adenovirus." [NCT01600365]	Phase 3	22 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Not yet recruiting
Ganciclovir Pharmacokinetics in Patients Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy [NCT00264368]	Phase 4	6 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Terminated
Ganciclovir-Cidofovir CMV Retinitis Trial (GCCRT) [NCT00000894]	Phase 4	300 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I Study of a Fixed-Schedule Regimen of Alternating Oral and Intravenous Ganciclovir for Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis [NCT00001062]	Phase 1	25 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Controlled Study of the Safety and Preventive Efficacy of Oral Ganciclovir When Used in Conjunction With An Intravitreal Ganciclovir Implant in the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis [NCT00002134]		450 participants	Interventional		Completed
A PHASE I TRIAL OF HSV-TK ADENOVIRUS GENE THERAPY FOR PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS [NCT00002824]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional	1996-02-29	Completed
A Prospective, Double-masked, Placebo Controlled Comparison of Topical 0.15% Gancyclovir Gel (Zirgan) Versus 0.3% Hypromellose Gel (Genteal Gel; Placebo) for the Treatment of Herpes Zoster Keratitis [NCT02382588]	Phase 2	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-10	Terminated(stopped due to There were difficulties meeting the enrollment goal within stipulated time frames.)
A Study of the Safety and Tolerance of Long-Term Therapy With Intravenous Cytovene (Ganciclovir Sodium) for Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Persons With AIDS [NCT00002034]		100 participants	Interventional		Completed
Phase III Ganciclovir +/- rGM-CSF for AIDS-Related CMV Retinitis [NCT00002070]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
[NCT00004278]	Phase 3	130 participants	Interventional	1991-12-31	Completed
Randomized Trial of Preemptive Treatment With Oral Valganciclovir Compared With IV Ganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus Infection After Bone Marrow or Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant [NCT00241345]	Phase 3	39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-06-30	Terminated(stopped due to Due to low accrual)
EBV as Therapeutic Target: A Pilot Study of Inducing and Targeting EBV-TK in EBV-Positive Lymphomas by Combination of Bortezomib and Ganciclovir [NCT00093704]	Phase 1	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to study could not recruit any more patients)
Primary Effusion Lymphoma: A Pilot Trial of Bevacizumab and Modified Dose-Adjusted Infusional CDE Chemotherapy Preceded by a Brief Pre-Phase Assessment of Targeted Oncolytic Virotherapy With Bortezomib, Zidovudine and Valganciclovir [NCT00217503]	Phase 2	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
The Strategy in the Prevention of Renal Post-transplant Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Chinese Population [NCT02973464]		450 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2016-06-30	Recruiting
A Randomized Comparison of Intravitreal ISIS 2922 Plus Ganciclovir Versus Ganciclovir as Treatment for Patients With Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ( CMVR ) [NCT00002156]	Phase 2	194 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I Pharmacokinetic and Tolerance Study of 28-Day Regimens of Oral Ganciclovir [NCT00000668]	Phase 1	48 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Three Doses of Oral Ganciclovir to Intravenous Ganciclovir for the Maintenance Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in People With AIDS [NCT00002330]		280 participants	Interventional		Completed
Combination Therapy With 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Propoxymethyl) Guanine (DHPG) and Interferon Beta for the Prevention of Relapse of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [NCT00002299]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
An Open Label Evaluation of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Ganciclovir in Children [NCT00002015]		20 participants	Interventional		Completed
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Retreatment Trial [NCT00000134]	Phase 3	279 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1992-12-31	Completed
Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS (SOCA)--Ganciclovir-Cidofovir CMV Retinitis Trial (GCCRT) [NCT00000143]	Phase 3	61 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1997-05-31	Completed
Studies of the Ocular Complications of AIDS (SOCA) CMV Retinitis Trial: Foscarnet-Ganciclovir Component [NCT00000665]		240 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase III Multicenter Study Of Valganciclovir For The Prevention Of Late Cytomegalovirus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation [NCT00016068]	Phase 3	184 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2001-01-31	Completed
Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Brain Tumors Using Intra-Tumoral Transduction With the Thymidine Kinase Gene and Intravenous Ganciclovir [NCT00001328]	Phase 1	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1992-08-21	Completed
A Phase I/II Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Oral Valganciclovir in Neonates With Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection (CASG 109) [NCT00031434]	Phase 1/Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-07-31	Completed
Calcineurin Inhibitor Sparing Protocol in Living Donor Pediatric Kidney Transplantation [NCT00023231]		35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-02-28	Completed
Intra-cameral Penetration of Ganciclovir Following Topical Administration of 0.15% Ganciclovir Gel (VIRGAN©) for CMV Anterior Uveitis / Endotheliitis [NCT01647529]		29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Anti-viral Prophylaxis for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation in Immunocompetent Patients in Critical Care [NCT01503918]	Phase 2	124 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Efficacy of a Preemptive Treatment by Ganciclovir or by Aciclovir in ICU Patients Requiring Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Presenting a Viral Replication (CMV and/or HSV) - Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Multicenter Trial [NCT02152358]	Phase 4	317 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-05	Completed
A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir for Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Acute Injury of the Lung and Respiratory Failure (The GRAIL Study) [NCT01335932]	Phase 2	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-10	Completed
Open Label Ganciclovir Therapy for Sight- or Life-Threatening Cytomegalovirus Disease in the Immunocompromised Patient [NCT00002025]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Two Regimens of Oral Ganciclovir to Intravenous Ganciclovir Maintenance Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in People With AIDS Who Have Received Prior Ganciclovir Therapy [NCT00002247]		225 participants	Interventional		Completed
Individualization of Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir Doses in Renal Transplant Patients for Prophylaxis or Treatment of Cytomegalovirus(CMV)Infection Using Bayesian Prediction. [NCT01446445]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Reduced Duration Prophylaxis Followed by Immuno-guided Prophylaxis to Prevent Cytomegalovirus Disease in Lung Transplant Recipients (CYTOCOR STUDY): An Open-label, Randomised, Non-inferiority Clinical Trial. [NCT03699254]	Phase 3	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-05	Completed
CMV Retinitis Retreatment Trial [NCT00000766]	Phase 2	300 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I/II Pilot Treatment Study Of CSF Penetration And Response To Ganciclovir And Foscarnet In CMV Neurologic Disease. [NCT00000856]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Withdrawn
Islet Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetic Patients Using the Edmonton Protocol of Steroid Free Immunosuppression (ITN005CT) [NCT00014911]	Phase 2	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-04-30	Completed
A Randomized, Comparative, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Ganciclovir for Prophylaxis of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinal and Gastrointestinal Mucosal Disease in HIV-Infected Individuals With Severe Immunosuppression [NCT00001034]	Phase 2	850 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase III Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ganciclovir (Dihydroxypropoxymethyl Guanine [DHPG]) Treatment of Symptomatic Central Nervous System (CNS) Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infections. [NCT00001100]	Phase 3	130 participants	Interventional		Completed
Ganciclovir: Compassionate Use in Patients With Serious or Life-Threatening Cytomegalovirus Infections [NCT00002024]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I Pharmacokinetic Study in HIV-Positive Subjects of Oral Ganciclovir and Concomitant Antiretroviral Zidovudine and Didanosine [NCT00002096]	Phase 1	24 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Treatment Protocol for the Use of Intravenous Ganciclovir in AIDS Patients With Immediately Sight-Threatening CMV Retinitis [NCT00000698]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Pharmacokinetic and Tolerance Study of Oral Ganciclovir in HIV-Infected Children With Asymptomatic Cytomegalovirus Infection and Low CD4 Cell Counts or Quiescent Cytomegalovirus Disease [NCT00000805]	Phase 1	32 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I/II Open-Labelled Trial of Intravitreal Ganciclovir Salvage Therapy for AIDS Patients With Active CMV Retinitis Who Are Intolerant of Systemic Therapy [NCT00000673]	Phase 1	38 participants	Interventional		Completed
[NCT00002377]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional	1997-01-31	Completed
A Pilot Study to Obtain Preliminary Information Regarding the Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Immune Globulin and Ganciclovir as Compared to Ganciclovir Alone in the Treatment of Sight-Threatening CMV Retinitis in Patients With AIDS [NCT00001999]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ganciclovir for the Prevention of CMV Disease in People Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus [NCT00002095]		700 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Multiple Dose Crossover Pharmacokinetics Study to Evaluate the Effects of Food on the Absorption of Oral Ganciclovir [NCT00002251]		20 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Maintenance Treatment With Oral Ganciclovir for Newly Diagnosed Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in People With AIDS [NCT00002257]		150 participants	Interventional		Completed
Donor-Alloantigen-Reactive Regulatory T Cell (darTreg) Therapy in Liver Transplantation (RTB-002) [NCT02188719]	Phase 1	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-17	Terminated(stopped due to The trial could not be completed within the grant timeline.)
[NCT00004573]		0 participants	Interventional		Active, not recruiting
A Controlled, Randomized Phase II Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Combined Therapy With Ganciclovir and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Versus Ganciclovir Alone for the Treatment of Sight-Threatening Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in AIDS [NCT00000989]		50 participants	Interventional		Completed
Phase I Studies of the Combination of AZT and DHPG (Ganciclovir) in Patients With AIDS and Cytomegalovirus Infection [NCT00000995]		60 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase II, Double-Masked, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Evaluation of Standard Therapy vs. Standard Therapy Combined With Human Monoclonal Anti-Cytomegalovirus Antibody (MSL 109) in the Therapy of AIDS Patients With Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis [NCT00001061]	Phase 2	167 participants	Interventional		Completed
An Open-Label Safety Study of Oral Ganciclovir Maintenance Treatment of CMV Retinitis in People With Limited Venous Access [NCT00002135]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Intravenous Ganciclovir (DHPG) for Cytomegalovirus Colitis in Patients With Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [NCT00002273]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase II Trial of In Vivo Gene Therapy With the Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer [NCT00005025]	Phase 2	0 participants	Interventional	2000-06-30	Active, not recruiting
Prophylactic Therapy for Cytomegalovirus in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Single Center Experience With Oral Ganciclovir Versus Valganciclovir [NCT00364052]		200 participants	Observational	2006-08-31	Not yet recruiting
Open, Randomised Study Comparing Preemptive Therapy With Intravenous Ganciclovir With and Without Additional Oral Ganciclovir for CMV Prophylaxis in Immunosuppressed Renal Transplant Patients Receiving Monitoring of CMV Viral Load [NCT00373165]	Phase 4	150 participants	Interventional	2000-08-31	Completed
Cytomegalovirus Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte for the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation [NCT03004261]	Phase 4	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Completed
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Viremia and Disease Occurrence in Pediatric Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients Following Ganciclovir Prophylaxis Until Day +100 [NCT04478474]		100 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-09-15	Completed
A Clinical Study of High Concentration(2%) Ganciclovir Eye Drops in the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis [NCT05911503]	Early Phase 1	15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Corneal Debridement for the Treatment of Herpes Simplex Epithelial Keratitis [NCT03217474]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-07-20	Recruiting
A Phase I Study of Intralesional Administration of an Adenovirus Vector Expressing the HSV-1 Thymidine Kinase Gene (AdV.RSV-TK) in Combination With Escalating Doses of Ganciclovir in Patients With Cutaneous Metastatic Malignant Melanoma [NCT00005057]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional	2000-03-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial	Outcome
NCT00000134 (1) [back to overview]	Morbidity
NCT00000136 (1) [back to overview]	Mortality
NCT00000143 (1) [back to overview]	Survival
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Detectable Fasting Basal C-Peptide Levels
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants That Achieved Insulin Independence With Adequate Control of Blood Glucose Levels at One Year Post Final Islet Transplantation.
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	Serum Creatinine Levels for Participants in the Extended Follow-up Study Phase
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Partial Islet Function One Year Post Final Islet Transplantation.
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants That Achieved Insulin Independence From First Transplant
NCT00014911 (6) [back to overview]	HbA1c Plasma Laboratory Values for Participants in the Extended Follow-up Study Phase
NCT00141037 (2) [back to overview]	Comparison by Treatment Assignment in the Number of Biopsy-Proven Acute Rejections Within 12 Months Post Kidney Transplantation
NCT00141037 (2) [back to overview]	The Difference in Linear Growth by Treatment Assignment at 1 Year Post Kidney Transplantation
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Proteomics Parameter: CKD273
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Proteomics Parameter: CMV
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Proteomics Parameter: Nephropathy
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Died From Months 24 to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Had Lost Their Transplant or Died up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants (With Versus Without Active CMV Infection) on Pre-emptive CMV Therapy With First Occurrence of Graft Loss at Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Graft Survival
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Graft Rejections by CMV Status (Positive or Negative) of the Donor at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Participant Survival
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Active CMV Infection After Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Active CMV Infection Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Disease After Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Disease From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Creatinine Clearance at Month 12
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Syndrome From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Tissue Invasive Disease From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Viremia (Active CMV Infection) From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Without Active CMV Infection Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Surviving at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival or Participant Survival at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With at Least One Treated and Biopsy-Proven Acute Rejection Episode Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Days of Hospitalization
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Graft Survival
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants (With Versus Without Active CMV Infection) on Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis With First Occurrence of Graft Loss at Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Surviving at Month 12
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Active CMV Infections Not Responding to Valganciclovir or IV Ganciclovir Treatment
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Active Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Any Opportunistic Infection Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With CMV Disease Within 12 Months Including CMV Syndrome and Tissue Invasive Disease
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With CMV Syndrome Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With CMV Tissue Invasive Disease Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Graft Loss at Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival at Month 12
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Leukopenia Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Neutropenia Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Time to Occurrence of First Viremia Within 12 Months
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Urine Proteomic Pattern at Month 12
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Viral Burden at Viremia
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Creatinine Clearance at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00372229 (43) [back to overview]	Number of Graft Rejections by CMV Status (Positive or Negative) of the Donor at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Died Within 6 Months Post-Transplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With EC-confirmed CMV Disease Within 100 Days Post-Transplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Endpoint Committee (EC)-Confirmed Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Disease Within 6 Months Post-Transplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Time to Onset of CMV Infection or EC-confirmed CMV Disease Within 6 Months Post-Transplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Acute Graft Rejection
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Infection or EC-confirmed CMV Disease Within 6 Months Post-Transplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Graft Failure Related Death
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Investigator-determined CMV Disease
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Retransplantation
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Signs of Bone Marrow Suppression
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentration of Maribavir During Treatment
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentration of Maribavir Metabolite VP 44469 During Treatment
NCT00497796 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With CMV Infection or EC-confirmed CMV Disease Within 100 Days Post-Transplantation
NCT00530218 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events
NCT00530218 (2) [back to overview]	Compliance Rate Among Patients With CMV Reactivation
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Bacteremia and Fungemia Outcomes
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Bacteremia and Fungemia Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Subjets
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Mortality Among Subjects Mechanically Ventilated From Day 7 to 14
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Overall Mortality
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	SF-36 Functional Assessment Mental Component on Day 1
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	AUC Plasma Levels of IL-10
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	AUC Plasma Levels of IL-6
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	AUC Plasma Levels of IL-8
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	AUC Plasma Levels of Soluble ICAM-1
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	AUC Plasma Levels of TNF-a
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	BAL Levels of IL-6
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	BAL Levels of IL-8
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	BAL Levels of TNFa
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	CMV AUC in Blood
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	CMV AUC in Throat
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	CMV Peak Viral Load in Blood
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Duration of Mechanical Ventilation as Assessed by Ventilator Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Duration of Mechanical Ventilation as Assessed by Ventilator Free Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Days Alive and Not in the ICU
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Days in ICU Amongst Subjects by Day 28
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Days in the Hospital
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Days in the ICU
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Hospital-free Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Hospital-free Days Among Subjects by Day 28
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of ICU-free Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of ICU-free Days Amongst Subjects by Day 28
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Mechanical Ventilated Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Mechanically Ventilated Days Among Subjects by Day 28
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Ventilator-free Days
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Number of Ventilator-free Days Among Subjects by Day 28
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Peak Plasma Levels of IL-10
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Peak Plasma Levels of IL-6
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Peak Plasma Levels of IL-8
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Peak Plasma Levels of Soluble ICAM-1
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Peak Plasma Levels of TNF-a
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of IL-6
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of IL-6
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of IL-8
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of IL-8
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of Soluble ICAM-1
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of Soluble ICAM-1
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of TNF a
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Plasma Levels of TNF a
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Platelet Transfusions
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Red Blood Cell Transfusions Required Per Patients
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Serum IL-6 Level
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	SF-36 Functional Assessment Mental Component
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	SF-36 Functional Assessment Physical Component
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	SF-36 Health Survey
NCT01335932 (52) [back to overview]	Time to Neutropenia
NCT02188719 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) Attributable to the Donor Alloantigen Reactive Tregs (darTregs) Infusion
NCT02188719 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Infectious Adverse Event(s)
NCT02188719 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Wound Complication(s) Adverse Event(s)
NCT02188719 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Biopsy-Proven Acute and/or Chronic Rejection
NCT02188719 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Grade 2 or Higher Hematologic Adverse Events (AEs) of Anemia, Neutropenia, and/or Thrombocytopenia
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Receiving Maribavir Rescue Treatment Who Achieved Confirmed CMV Viremia Clearance and CMV Infection Symptom Control at Week 8 With Maintenance of Effect Through Week 16
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Confirmed Clearance of Plasma CMV DNA (CMV Viremia Clearance) at End of Week 8 After Starting Maribavir Rescue Treatment
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Confirmed Clearance of Plasma Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) (CMV Viremia Clearance) at End of Week 8
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Confirmed CMV Viremia Clearance and CMV Infection Symptom Control at End of Week 8, Followed by Maintenance of Treatment Effect at Week 16
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Predose Concentration (Cmin) of Maribavir
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Maintained CMV Viremia Clearance and CMV Infection Symptom Control at the End of Study Week 8 Through Weeks 12 and 20 Regardless of Whether Either Study-assigned Treatment Was Discontinued Before 8 Weeks of Therapy
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Confirmed CMV Viremia Clearance After Receiving 8 Weeks of Study-assigned Treatment
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With All-cause Mortality by the End of the Study
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious TEAEs During the On-treatment Observation Period
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Had Post-baseline Resistance to Maribavir
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Had Maribavir CMV Resistance at Baseline
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Time to All Cause Mortality
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Recurrence of CMV Viremia While on Study-assigned Treatment
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Recurrence of CMV Viremia While Off Study-assigned Treatment During Follow-up Period
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Confirmed CMV Viremia Clearance and CMV Infection Symptom Control After Receiving 8 Weeks of Study-assigned Treatment Through Weeks 12, 16 and 20
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Recurrence of CMV Viremia During the First 8 Weeks of Study Regardless of Whether Study-assigned Treatment Was Discontinued Before 8 Weeks of Therapy
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Recurrence of CMV Viremia During the 12 Weeks Follow-up Period Regardless of Whether Study-assigned Treatment Was Discontinued Before 8 Weeks of Therapy
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Recurrence of CMV Viremia at Any Time on Study Regardless of Whether Study-assigned Treatment Was Discontinued Before 8 Weeks of Therapy
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Completed 8 Weeks of Study-assigned Treatment With Recurrence of CMV Viremia During the First 8 Weeks of the Treatment
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Completed 8 Weeks of Study-assigned Treatment With Recurrence of CMV Viremia During the 20 Weeks of Study
NCT02931539 (21) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Completed 8 Weeks of Study-assigned Treatment With Recurrence of CMV Viremia During the 12 Weeks of Follow-up Period

Intervention	participants (Number)
Intravenous Foscarnet	88
Intravenous Ganciclovir	93
Combination Therapy	93

Intervention	participants (Number)
Foscarnet	107
Ganciclovir	127

Intervention	participants (Number)
Ganciclovir Implant and Oral Ganciclovir	31
Cidofovir IV (Intravenous)	30

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
Islet Transplantation	70

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
	Insulin Independence at One Year	Insulin Independence with One Transplant	Insulin Independence with Two Transplants	Insulin Independence with Three Transplants
Islet Transplantation	44	14	17	14

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
Islet Transplantation	0.9

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
Islet Transplantation	28

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
Islet Transplantation	58

Intervention	HbA1c Percentage (Mean)
Islet Transplantation	6.2

Intervention	Rejection Events (Number)
Steroid-Free Immunosuppression	18
Steroid-Based Immunosuppression	19

Intervention	Standard Deviation Score (SDS) (Mean)
Steroid-Free Immunosuppression	0.37
Steroid-Based Immunosuppression	0.35

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Month 6	Month 12
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	1.3	0.7
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	2.7	3.4

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 6 (n=113, 114)	Visit 13 (n=102, 110)	Visit 15 (n=106, 102)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	0.394	0.295	0.326
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	0.372	0.258	0.276

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 6 (n=113, 114)	Visit 13 (n=102, 110)	Visit 15 (n=106, 102)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	-0.018	-0.05	-0.068
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	-0.004	0.036	-0.073

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 6 (n=113, 114)	Visit 13 (n=102, 110)	Visit 15 (n=106, 102)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	0.122	0.001	0.102
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	0.102	-0.05	0.019

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	8	9	10	12	16	17
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	3	6	8	11	14	14

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	15	18	19	23	28	29
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	7	9	12	16	21	24

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy, With CMV Infection at Month 84	17.9
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy, No CMV Infection at Month 84	5.8

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	CKD273:Visit 6: With Graft Loss (n=1, 4)	CKD273:Visit 6: Without Graft Loss (n=112, 110)	CKD273:Visit 13: With Graft Loss (n=0, 1)	CKD273:Visit 13: Without Graft Loss (n=102, 109)	CKD273:Visit 15: Without Graft Loss (n=104, 102)	CMV:Visit 6: With Graft Loss (n=1, 4)	CMV:Visit 6: Without Graft Loss (n=112, 110)	CMV:Visit 13: With Graft Loss (n=0, 1)	CMV:Visit 13: Without Graft Loss (n=102, 109)	CMV:Visit 15: Without Graft Loss (n=104, 102)	Nephropathy:Visit 6: With Graft Loss (n=1, 4)	Nephropathy:Visit 6:Without Graft Loss (n=112,110)	Nephropathy:Visit 13: With Graft Loss (n=0, 1)	Nephropathy:Visit 13:Without Graft Loss(n=102,109)	Nephropathy:Visit15: Without Graft Loss(n=104,102)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	0.800	0.379	0.500	0.293	0.326	-0.300	-0.007	-0.300	-0.048	-0.068	1.100	0.086	-0.800	0.008	0.102

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	24 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	24 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	24 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744	36 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	36 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	36 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	36 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744	48 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	48 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	48 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	48 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744	60 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	60 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	60 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	60 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744	72 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	72 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	72 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	72 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744	84 months: CMV Positive Donor72408743	84 months: CMV Positive Donor72408744	84 months: CMV Negative Donor72408743	84 months: CMV Negative Donor72408744
	No Rejections	At Least One Rejection
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	26
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	65
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	13
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	59
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	27
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	52
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	14
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	58
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	27
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	64
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	28
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	28
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	63
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	51
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	15
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	15
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	42
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	57

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	CKD273:Visit 6: Did not Survive (n=2, 1)	CKD273:Visit 6: Survived (n=111, 113)	CKD273:Visit 13: Did not Survive (n=1, 1)	CKD273:Visit 13: Survived (n=101, 109)	CKD273:Visit 15: Survived (n=106, 102)	CMV:Visit 6: Did not Survive (n=2, 1)	CMV:Visit 6: Survived (n=111, 113)	CMV:Visit 13: Did not Survive (n=1, 1)	CMV:Visit 13: Survived (n=101, 109)	CMV:Visit 15: Survived (n=106, 102)	Nephropathy:Visit 6: Did not Survive (n=2, 1)	Nephropathy:Visit 6: Survived (n=111, 113)	Nephropathy:Visit 13: Did not Survive (n=1, 1)	Nephropathy:Visit 13: Survived (n=101, 109)	Nephropathy:Visit 15: Survived (n=106, 102)
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	0.500	0.393	0.500	0.293	0.326	-0.900	-0.010	-0.300	-0.048	-0.068	-0.100	0.124	-0.800	0.008	0.102
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	0.400	0.371	0.700	0.253	0.276	1.150	-0.025	0.400	0.033	-0.073	0.150	0.101	1.800	-0.068	0.019

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	8	10	10	12	13	13
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	4	4	5	6	8	11

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	59	59	59	59	60	60
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	16	16	16	16	17	17

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	5	7	7	9	9	9
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	0	0	0	0	0	1

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	23	23	23	24	24	24
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	7	7	7	7	7	7

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	23	23	23	24	24	24
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	7	7	7	7	7	7

Intervention	millilitre(s)/minute (Mean)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	61.1
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	61.3

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	20	20	20	21	21	21
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	7	7	7	7	7	7

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	5	5	5	5	5	5
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	4	4	4	4	4	4

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	2.47	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.	2.6	1	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.	2.45	2	0	acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	1.99	1	0	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
adenine [no description available]	11.79	26	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
9-xylosyladenine 9-xylosyladenine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	purine nucleoside
agmatine Agmatine: Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle.	2.04	1	0	guanidines; primary amino compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
allantoin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	2.96	4	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzene [no description available]	1.99	1	0	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
benzyl alcohol Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.	2.01	1	0	benzyl alcohols	antioxidant; fragrance; metabolite; solvent
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	4.1	4	0	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.	2.1	1	0	fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	2.07	1	0	amino-acid anion
carnitine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
catechol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	catechols	allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	2.4	2	0	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
chlordecone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cyclic ketone; organochlorine compound	insecticide; persistent organic pollutant
choline [no description available]	2.43	2	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	2.05	1	0	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2.82	3	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	3.02	4	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	4.55	7	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
taxifolin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroflavonols; pentahydroxyflavanone; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	2.13	1	0	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
phosphonoacetic acid Phosphonoacetic Acid: A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent.. phosphonoacetic acid : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorous is replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	15.53	86	9	monocarboxylic acid; phosphonic acids	antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.	2.03	1	0	catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid	human metabolite
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	4.4	6	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
fosmidomycin fosmidomycin: from Streptomyces lavendulae; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in second source. fosmidomycin : Propylphosphonic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a formyl(hydroxy)amino group. An antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lavendulae, it specifically inhibits DXP reductoisomerase (EC 1.1.1.267), a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis.	2.06	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 1.1.1.267 (1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase) inhibitor
creatine [no description available]	2.73	3	0	glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical
cytosine [no description available]	16.07	183	6	aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alanine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion	fundamental metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	5.32	17	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
diacetyl butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.	2.03	1	0	alpha-diketone	Escherichia coli metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole : A dimethylbenzimidazole carrying methyl substituents at positions 5 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dimethylbenzimidazole	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	2.39	2	0	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
ethanolamine [no description available]	2.06	1	0	ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	2.05	1	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	2.04	1	0	chlorocyclohexane
glycine [no description available]	3.11	5	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	2.47	2	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
histamine [no description available]	2.48	2	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydroquinone [no description available]	2.45	2	0	benzenediol; hydroquinones	antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	2.05	1	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.	2.6	1	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid	fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	2.55	2	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.	2.05	1	0	cyclitol; hexol
melatonin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
n-acetylserotonin N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.	2.03	1	0	acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
acetanilide acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.01	1	0	acetamides; anilide	analgesic
naphthalene [no description available]	2.94	4	0	naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene	apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
naringenin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	4'-hydroxyflavanones; trihydroxyflavanone
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.49	2	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.	4.29	5	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3	antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.	2.4	2	0	octanol; primary alcohol	antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite
orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion	allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
triphosphoric acid triphosphoric acid: used as water softener, peptizing agent, emulsifier & dispersing agent; ingredient of cleansers; meat preservative; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.01	1	0	acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride; phosphorus oxoacid
parathion [no description available]	2.04	1	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
pentachlorophenol PENTA: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorophenol; organochlorine pesticide; pentachlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite
phenol [no description available]	2.71	3	0	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin
phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.	2.01	1	0	phosphocholines	allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
picolinic acid picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.	2.6	1	0	pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; MALDI matrix material
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	1.99	1	0	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	4.68	8	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyrazinoic acid pyrazinoic acid: active metabolite of pyrazinamide; structure. pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid : The parent compound of the class of pyrazinecarboxylic acids, that is pyrazine bearing a single carboxy substituent. The active metabolite of the antitubercular drug pyrazinamide.	2.13	1	0	pyrazinecarboxylic acid	antitubercular agent; drug metabolite
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	2.05	1	0	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).	3.59	2	0	hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.	2.03	1	0	pyridinedicarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
spermidine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	polyazaalkane; triamine	autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
spermine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
taurine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.	3.93	3	0	primary alcohol; vitamin B1	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	1.99	1	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	2.71	3	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	1.96	1	0	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	2.76	3	0	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxyflavan
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bremazocine [no description available]	2.46	2	0
3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid: structure given in first source; NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone 1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone: a CNS depressant; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ibotenic acid Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	neurotoxin
normetanephrine Normetanephrine: A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors.	2.04	1	0	catecholamine
n(8)-bromoacetyl-n(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane N(8)-bromoacetyl-N(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	2.03	1	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.	2.03	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols	human metabolite
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	2.05	1	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
1,10-diaminodecane [no description available]	2.03	1	0
1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases	2.13	1	0	phenanthroline	EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor
1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine 1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	2.47	2	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine 1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline 1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline: structure in first source. isoquinoline-1,5-diol : An isoquinolinol that is isoquinoline in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by hydroxy groups.	2.03	1	0	isoquinolinol	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine	2.03	1	0	aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.	2.46	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-arylpiperazine	drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; serotonergic agonist; xenobiotic
1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole: an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in mouse	2.03	1	0	imidazoles
1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available]	2.03	1	0
1-methylimidazole 1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position.	2.03	1	0	imidazoles
edelfosine edelfosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. edelfosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-edelfosine.. 1-octadecyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphocholine : A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine substituted at positions 1 and 2 by octadecyl and methyl groups respectively.	2.03	1	0	glycerophosphocholine
1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group.	2.03	1	0	oxadiazoloquinoxaline	EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
2,2'-dipyridyl 2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'.	2.47	2	0	bipyridine	chelator; ferroptosis inhibitor
2-hydroxysaclofen 2-hydroxysaclofen: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	organochlorine compound
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.	2.03	1	0	isocoumarins; organochlorine compound	geroprotector; serine protease inhibitor
amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; triazoles	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide
phaclofen phaclofen: peripheral & central baclofen & GABA antagonist; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion; zwitterion
3-aminobenzamide [no description available]	2.52	2	0	benzamides; substituted aniline	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
3-bromo-7-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.	2.08	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
enprofylline enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.	2.73	3	0	oxopurine	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3-nitropropionic acid 3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.03	1	0	C-nitro compound	antimycobacterial drug; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; mycotoxin; neurotoxin
pleconaril WIN 63843: structure given in first source	3.76	2	0
ro 5-4864 4'-chlorodiazepam: selectively binds peripheral benzodiazepine receptor	2.13	1	0
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride [no description available]	2.6	1	0
4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide: inhibits ADP-ribosylation; sometimes abreviated as 4-AN;	2.03	1	0	benzoisoquinoline; dicarboximide
4-aminopyridine [no description available]	2.76	3	0	aminopyridine; aromatic amine	avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker
homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.	2.03	1	0	guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide: metabolite of nifuroxazide. 4-hydroxybenzohydrazide : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with hydrazine.	2.03	1	0	carbohydrazide; phenols
4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile: structure given in first source. 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile : A 1,2,5-oxadiazole substituted by an oxido, cyano and phenyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation.	2.03	1	0	1,2,5-oxadiazole; benzenes; N-oxide; nitrile	geroprotector; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation.	2.03	1	0	1-pyrroline nitrones	neuroprotective agent; spin trapping reagent
phenytoin [no description available]	5.03	12	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid: potent antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated glycine binding site	2.03	1	0	quinolines
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).	2.13	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; azepanes; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; odorant receptor antagonist; sodium channel blocker
ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker
5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist	2.47	2	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.	2.03	1	0	indole-3-acetic acids	drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenanthridone phenanthridone: coal tar derivative; structure given in first source. phenanthridone : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is phenanthridine with an oxo substituent at position 6. A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, it has been shown to exhibit immunosuppressive activity.	2.03	1	0	lactam; phenanthridines	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; mutagen
6-chloromelatonin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides
6-hydroxymelatonin 6-hydroxymelatonin : A member of the class of tryptamines that is melatonin with a hydroxy group substituent at position 6.	2.03	1	0	acetamides; tryptamines	metabolite; mouse metabolite
6-methoxytryptoline 6-methoxytryptoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.03	1	0
6-nitroso-1,2-benzopyrone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-chlorokynurenic acid 7-chlorokynurenic acid: selective antagonist at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex; structure given in first source. 7-chlorokynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinaldic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and by a chlorine at position 7. It is a potent NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist which antagonizes the strychnine-insensitive glycine site of the NMDA receptor. It also prevents neurodegeneration produced by quinolinic acid.	2.03	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
etofylline etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin)	2.13	1	0	oxopurine
7-nitroindazole 7-nitroindazole: an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; exhibits anti-nociceptive activity without increasing blood pressure	2.47	2	0
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist	2.03	1	0
8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine: prolongs epileptic seizures in rats	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
8-phenyltheophylline 8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	3.3	6	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
aa 861 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.	2.13	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; acetylenic compound; primary alcohol	EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	4.94	11	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	5.02	12	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetarsol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	acetamides; anilide
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	4.95	11	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.	2.73	3	0	acetophenones; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.85	3	0	acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
ag 127 tyrphostin AG 126: inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon	2.03	1	0	nitrophenol
rtki cpd [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; geroprotector
tyrphostin a23 tyrphostin A23: inhibits EGF-stimulated thymidine incorporation as well as EGF-stimulated receptor autophosphorylation & tyrosine phosphorylation & cell proliferation; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	catechols
tyrphostin 25 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzenetriol
tyrphostin a1 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	methoxybenzenes	geroprotector
1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid 1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
alaproclate alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer	3.59	2	0	alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole [no description available]	5.07	7	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	4.95	11	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.	4.08	4	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound	bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin alfuzosin: structure given in first source	3.86	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; tetrahydrofuranol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
alminoprofen alminoprofen: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alminoprofen : A substituted aniline that is ibuprofen in which the isobutyl group is replaced by a (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.	2.06	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alosetron alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.	3.58	2	0	imidazoles; pyridoindole	antiemetic; gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic antagonist
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	4.25	5	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	3.77	10	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	4.41	6	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	7.77	36	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
ametantrone ametantrone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
amfenac amfenac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. amfenac : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group and a carboxymethyl group at position 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding carboxamide, nepafenac, is a prodrug of amfenac and is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.	2.06	1	0	amino acid; benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amfonelic acid amfonelic acid: CNS-stimulant	2.03	1	0
diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	3.87	3	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.	4.06	4	0	diamine; organic thiophosphate	antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.96	4	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.	2.05	1	0	guanidines; one-carbon compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	3.6	2	0	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
theophylline [no description available]	5.17	14	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole 2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.	2.52	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; primary amino compound
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	4.95	11	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
dan 2163 [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aromatic amide; aromatic amine; benzamides; pyrrolidines; sulfone	environmental contaminant; second generation antipsychotic; xenobiotic
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	4.85	10	0	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlexanox amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyridochromene	anti-allergic agent; anti-ulcer drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	4.65	8	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
amobarbital Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
amodiaquine Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.	2.6	1	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; phenols; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amoxapine Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.	4.26	5	0	dibenzooxazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amsacrine Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.	2.97	4	0	acridines; aromatic ether; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	4.08	4	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes
aniracetam [no description available]	2.47	2	0	N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidin-2-ones
anisindione anisindione: structure. anisindione : A cyclic beta-diketone consisting of indane-1,3-dione having a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	anticoagulant; vitamin K antagonist
anthralin Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.	2.47	2	0	anthracenes	antipsoriatic
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	3.91	12	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid: glutamate antagonist in locust muscle; structure; do not confuse with L-AP4, which is the propionic acid version	2.03	1	0
apraclonidine apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; guanidines; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; diagnostic agent; ophthalmology drug
arcaine arcaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,4-diguanidinobutane : A guanidine derivative consisting of butane having guanidino groups at the 1- and 4-positions.	2.04	1	0	guanidines
aristolochic acid i aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic.	2	1	0	aristolochic acids; aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; cyclic acetal; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotetracyclic compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mutagen; nephrotoxin; toxin
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	5.3	16	0	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	2.76	3	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	5.23	15	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate: a glutamate agonist	2.03	1	0	alpha-amino acid
aurintricarboxylic acid Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'.	2.03	1	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; quinomethanes; tricarboxylic acid	fluorochrome; histological dye; insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	9.35	46	4	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.	2.74	3	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite
azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.73	3	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
azinphosmethyl Azinphosmethyl: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor. It has been used as an acaricide and as an insecticide.. azinphos-methyl : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,3-benzotriazine substituted by an oxo group at position 4 and a [(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl group at position 3.	2.04	1	0	benzotriazines; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
aztreonam Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.	3.08	1	0
baclofen [no description available]	4.55	7	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	drug allergen
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	2.47	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
bendazac bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.	3.87	3	0	indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.	3.63	2	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benserazide Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	2.06	1	0	carbohydrazide; catechols; primary alcohol; primary amino compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzamide benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.	2.75	3	0	benzamides
benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.	4.68	8	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone	uricosuric drug
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	2.08	1	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
benzothiazide benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.	2.13	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.	2.43	2	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
berberine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
betaxolol [no description available]	4.53	7	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bethanechol Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	3.59	2	0	carbamate ester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscarinic agonist
bevantolol bevantolol: structure given in first source. bevantolol : A propanolamine that is 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by 3-methylphenyl and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl. A beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist, it has been shown to be as effective as other beta-blockers for the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.45	2	0	propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; calcium channel blocker
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	4.42	6	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2.78	3	0	biphenyls; imidazoles
biperiden Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.	4.27	5	0	piperidines; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antidote to sarin poisoning; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)	3.9	3	0	diarylmethane
bisbenzimidazole Bisbenzimidazole: A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis.	2.15	1	0	bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine	anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	4.65	8	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bml 190 indomethacin morpholinylamide: an inverse agonist of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor	2.03	1	0	N-acylindole
brimonidine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	imidazoles; quinoxaline derivative; secondary amine	adrenergic agonist; alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.74	3	0	organic molecular entity
bromhexine Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).	2.46	2	0	organobromine compound; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	mucolytic
bromopride bromopride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.75	3	0	benzamides
bromisovalum Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.	2.05	1	0	N-acylurea; organobromine compound
bronopol [no description available]	2.08	1	0	nitro compound
brotizolam brotizolam: structure	2.45	2	0	organic molecular entity
bufexamac Bufexamac: A benzeneacetamide with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic action. It is administered topically, orally, or rectally.. bufexamac : A hydroxamic acid derived from phenylacetamide in which the benzene moiety is substituted at C-4 by a butoxy group. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
buflomedil buflomedil: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym LL 1656 refers to HCl; structure	2.74	3	0	aromatic ketone
bumetanide [no description available]	4.94	11	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bunazosin bunazosin: structure	2.04	1	0	quinazolines
bupivacaine Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.	3.14	5	0	aromatic amide; piperidinecarboxamide; tertiary amino compound
buspirone Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.	4.41	6	0	azaspiro compound; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organic heteropolycyclic compound; piperidones; pyrimidines	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
busulfan [no description available]	5.18	14	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital	3.23	1	0	barbiturates
butacaine butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92	2.13	1	0	benzoate ester
butalbital butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	analgesic; sedative
butamben butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.	2.13	1	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	local anaesthetic
butenafine butenafine: studied on experimental dermatophytosis. butenafine : Trimethylamine in which hydrogen atoms attached to different methyl groups are substituted by 1-naphthyl and 4-tert-butylphenyl groups. It is an inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, an enzyme responsible for the creation of sterols needed in fungal cell membranes, and is used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of dermatological fungal infections.	2.02	1	0	naphthalenes; tertiary amine	antifungal drug; EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor
caffeine [no description available]	10.28	16	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	5.11	13	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
metrizoate Metrizoic Acid: A diagnostic radiopaque that usually occurs as the sodium salt.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	radioopaque medium
camostat camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.	2.6	1	0	benzoate ester; carboxylic ester; diester; guanidines; tertiary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifibrinolytic drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; serine protease inhibitor
camphor, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.6	1	0	bornane monoterpenoid; cyclic monoterpene ketone	plant metabolite
candesartan cilexetil candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects	2.05	1	0	biphenyls
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.91	3	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	5.6	13	0	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbamazepine epoxide carbamazepine epoxide: metabolite of carbamazepine; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide : An epoxide and metabolite of carbamazepine.	1.99	1	0	dibenzoazepine; epoxide; ureas	allergen; drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
carbetapentane carbetapentane: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0	benzenes
carbinoxamine carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.	3.59	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
carbazilquinone Carbazilquinone: An alkylating agent structurally similar to MITOMYCIN and found to be effective in the treatment of leukemia and various other neoplasms in mice. It causes leukemia and thrombocytopenia in almost all human patients.	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
carisoprodol Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.	4.26	5	0	carbamate ester	muscle relaxant
carmofur [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	3.55	8	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.	2.47	2	0	carbazoles; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	2.43	2	0	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
carvedilol [no description available]	4.54	7	0	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
celecoxib [no description available]	4.44	6	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celiprolol Celiprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ketone
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	4.25	5	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cetylpyridinium Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.	2.6	1	0	pyridinium ion
cgs 12066 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline : A pyrroloquinoxaline that is pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline bearing additional 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 4 and 7 respectively. A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B) full agonist, 10-fold selective over 5-HT1A and 1000-fold selective over 5-HT2C receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration.	2.03	1	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; pyrroloquinoxaline	serotonergic agonist
cgs 15943 9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)quinazolin-5-imine: non-xanthine triazoloquinazoline adenosine antagonist. CGS 15943 : A member of the class of triazoloquinazolines that is [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline substited at positions 2, 5 and 9 by furan-2-yl, amino and chloro groups respectively. A potent antagonist at adenosine A1 and adenosine A2A receptors.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; biaryl; furans; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; quinazolines; triazoloquinazoline	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; antineoplastic agent; central nervous system stimulant
chloral hydrate [no description available]	2.45	2	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	4.86	10	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.	4.55	7	0	benzodiazepine
chlormezanone Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.	4.25	5	0	1,3-thiazine; lactam; monochlorobenzenes; sulfone	antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; muscle relaxant
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	6.27	18	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.	4.25	5	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
chloroxylenol chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.	2.54	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; molluscicide
chlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.	4.67	8	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidepressant; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	5.12	13	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	5.03	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	4.55	7	0	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	4.55	7	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound	muscle relaxant; sedative
cifenline [no description available]	2.97	4	0	diarylmethane
ciclopirox [no description available]	2.45	2	0	cyclic hydroxamic acid; hydroxypyridone antifungal drug; pyridone	antibacterial agent; antiseborrheic
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; thiazolidinone	antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostamide cilostamide: selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase & platelet aggregation; structure	2.03	1	0	quinolines
cilostazol [no description available]	4.1	4	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	5.29	16	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.	2.96	4	0	cinnolines; oxacycle; oxo carboxylic acid	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate [no description available]	3.18	5	0	cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	5.68	14	0	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
cisapride Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.	2.73	3	0	benzamides
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	4.66	8	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clenbuterol Clenbuterol: A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.. clenbuterol : A substituted aniline that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.04	1	0	amino alcohol; dichlorobenzene; ethanolamines; primary arylamine; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.75	3	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clobazam Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.	2.47	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	2.96	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	4.67	8	0	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene [no description available]	3.87	3	0	tertiary amine	estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	4.55	7	0	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	4.08	4	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	4.86	10	0	clonidine; imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide [no description available]	2.78	3	0	sulfonamide
chlorazepate clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.	3.84	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; prodrug
clotiazepam clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
clotrimazole [no description available]	6.19	9	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cromolyn cromoglycic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is the bis-chromone derivative of glycerol. It is effective as a mast cell stabilizer.	2.06	1	0	chromones; dicarboxylic acid	anti-asthmatic drug; calcium channel blocker
cx546 1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cyclandelate Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.	2.05	1	0	carboxylic ester; secondary alcohol	vasodilator agent
cyclobenzaprine cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	3.56	2	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant; muscle relaxant; tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.	3.59	2	0	organic molecular entity
cycloleucine Cycloleucine: An amino acid formed by cyclization of leucine. It has cytostatic, immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities.. 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups.	2.43	2	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	EC 2.5.1.6 (methionine adenosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclopentolate Cyclopentolate: A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.. cyclopentolate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(phenyl)acetic acid with N,N-dimethylethanolamine. A tertiary amine antimuscarinic with actions similar to atropine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.	2.17	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; muscarinic antagonist; mydriatic agent; parasympatholytic
cyclothiazide cyclothiazide: inhibits the desensitization of AMPA-type receptors; structure. cyclothiazide : 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted at positions 3, 5 and 6 by a 2-norbornen-5-yl group, chlorine, and a sulfonamide group, respectively. A thiazide diuretic, it has been used in the management of hypertension and oedema.	2.03	1	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	3.59	2	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
danthron danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.	2.54	2	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
dapsone [no description available]	6.06	14	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.	2.04	1	0	carboxamidine; isoquinolines	adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent
deferiprone Deferiprone: A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of IRON OVERLOAD in patients with THALASSEMIA.. deferiprone : A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.	2.63	2	0	4-pyridones	iron chelator; protective agent
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	4.25	5	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
dephostatin dephostatin: from Streptomyces sp. MJ742-NF5; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	4.95	11	0	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nordazepam Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.. nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety.	2.75	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; human metabolite; sedative
nonivamide nonivamide: has effect on sensory neurons. nonivamide : A capsaicinoid that is the carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamine with the carboxy group of nonanoic acid. It is the active ingredient in many pepper sprays.	2.03	1	0	capsaicinoid; phenols	lachrymator
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	3.86	3	0	primary amine
eflornithine Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.	3.27	6	0	alpha-amino acid; fluoroamino acid	trypanocidal drug
r 59022 R 59022: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source; platelet activator factor antagonist	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	5.02	12	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	4.86	10	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dibucaine Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	topical anaesthetic
dicamba Dicamba: A chlorinated organic herbicide.. dicamba : A methoxybenzoic acid that is O-methylsalicylic acid substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; methoxybenzoic acid	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; synthetic auxin; xenobiotic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	4.86	10	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorophen Dichlorophen: Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)	2.13	1	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; diarylmethane
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	3.58	2	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	3.58	2	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.08	1	0	benzoic acids
diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.	2.04	1	0	N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	3.84	3	0	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	4.41	6	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dilazep Dilazep: Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic activity.. dilazep : A member of the class of diazepanes that is 1,4-diazepane substituted by 3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]propyl groups at positions 1 and 4. It is a potent adenosine uptake inhibitor that exhibits antiplatelet, antianginal and vasodilator properties.	1.97	1	0	benzoate ester; diazepane; diester; methoxybenzenes	cardioprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.	5.2	3	1	dithiol; primary alcohol	chelator
dinitolmide Dinitolmide: A coccidiostat for poultry.	2.04	1	0	dinitrotoluene
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	4.55	7	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	2.03	1	0	organic cation
dipivefrin dipivefrin: used in treatment of both primary & open angle glaucoma; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer. dipivefrin : The dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	ethanolamines; pivalate ester	adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	4.69	8	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
dipyrone metamizole : A pyrazole that is antiipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfomethyl)amino group, the sodium salt of which, metamizole sodium, was widely used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic, but withdrawn from many markets from the 1970s due to a risk of causing risk of causing agranulocytosis.	2.04	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; pyrazoles	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	4.94	11	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	4.87	10	0	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	6.39	19	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid: (D)-isomer active as an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate excitation of central neurons; (L)-isomer inactive; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.03	1	0
thiorphan Thiorphan: A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.	2.03	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3. Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. Used to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis, and necrosis.	2.03	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
domperidone Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.	3.44	7	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	3.9	3	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
doxapram Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.	3.86	3	0	morpholines; pyrrolidin-2-ones	central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.	4.27	5	0	aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent
doxepin Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.	4.54	7	0	dibenzooxepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
doxylamine Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.	3.23	1	0	pyridines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antitussive; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; sedative
droperidol Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.	4.26	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
dipropizine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	piperazines
dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.	4.09	4	0	oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols	bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
ebastine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.	2.81	3	0	benzoselenazole	anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	2.44	2	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
edrophonium Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.	3.23	1	0	phenols; quaternary ammonium ion	antidote; diagnostic agent; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.	2.47	2	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
emodin Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.	2.47	2	0	trihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
enflurane Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.	2.71	3	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anaesthetic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	3.14	5	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
epirizole Epirizole: 4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.9	4	0
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	3.85	3	0	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.	4.57	7	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic
myambutol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	amino alcohol
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	1.99	1	0	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
ethinamate ethinamate: short duration hypnotic with fast onset & relatively low toxicity; may cause dependence; minor descriptor (76-85); on-line & Index Medicus search CARBAMATES (76-85). ethinamate : A carbamate ester that is the 1-vinylcyclohexyl ester of carbamic acid. A short-acting sedative-hypnotic, it was formerly used to treat insomnia.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	sedative
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	4.27	5	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.	3.23	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
ethoxzolamide Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.	2.49	2	0	aromatic ether; benzothiazoles; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.	4.1	4	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
etilefrine Etilefrine: A phenylephrine-related beta-1 adrenergic and alpha adrenergic agonist used as a cardiotonic and antihypotensive agent.	2.74	3	0	phenols
etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.	4.67	8	0	monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2-hexyloxybenzamide 2-hexyloxybenzamide: structure	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; benzamides	antifungal agent
brl 42810 [no description available]	10.5	30	3	2-aminopurines; acetate ester	antiviral drug; prodrug
felbamate Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.	4.54	7	0	carbamate ester	anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.	2.51	2	0	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	5.1	13	0	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fenbufen fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; biphenyls	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fenfluramine Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.	2.02	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; secondary amino compound	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE	4.78	9	0	aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
fenoldopam Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.	3.23	1	0	benzazepine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; dopaminergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
fenoprofen Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.	4.1	4	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	2.74	3	0	resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
fenspiride fenspiride: was heading 1975-94 (see under SPIRO COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SPIRO COMPOUNDS to search FENSPIRIDE 1975-94; bronchodilator agent used in asthma	2.45	2	0	azaspiro compound
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	3.14	5	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	4.07	4	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level	3.89	3	0	benzodioxoles
flavoxate Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.	3.59	2	0	carboxylic ester; flavones; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	4.53	7	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.	3.31	6	0	difluorobenzene; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpiperazine; quinolines	antibacterial drug; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	7.59	22	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	13.17	74	5	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.	2.49	2	0	aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	4.27	5	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	4.95	11	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
flumequine flumequine: structure. flumequine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-flumequine. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, formerly used in veterinary medicine for stock breeding and treatment of aquacultures.. 9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline carrying additional carboxy, methyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2, 5 and 9 respectively.	2.13	1	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; pyridoquinoline; quinolone antibiotic
flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.	2.45	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes	anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.	4.08	4	0	benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	7.26	40	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	4.55	7	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
fluphenazine depot fluphenazine decanoate : The prodrug of fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug used for the symptomatic management of psychosis in patients with schizophrenia.	2.02	1	0	decanoate ester; N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; prodrug
fluphenazine enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	phenothiazines
flurazepam Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.	3.23	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	4.56	7	0	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluspirilene Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	4.93	11	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
fomepizole Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.	3.59	2	0	pyrazoles	antidote; EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor; protective agent
formoterol fumarate N-[2-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]formamide : A phenylethanoloamine having 4-hydroxy and 3-formamido substituents on the phenyl ring and an N-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl substituent.	2.03	1	0	formamides; phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
foscarnet Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	22.36	608	53	carboxylic acid; one-carbon compound; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
fpl 64176 FPL 64176: an activator of L-type calcium channels; structure given in first source. FPL 64176 : 1H-Pyrrole substituted at C-2 and -5 by methyl groups, at C-3 by methoxycarbonyl and at C-4 by a 2-benzylbenzoyl group.	2.03	1	0	carboxylic ester; pyrroles	calcium channel agonist
furafylline [no description available]	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	5.29	16	0	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
fusaric acid Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.	2.03	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.	4.65	8	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
gabexate Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.	2.6	1	0	benzoate ester
4-amino-5-hexynoic acid 4-amino-5-hexynoic acid: structure	2.03	1	0
gemfibrozil [no description available]	4.67	8	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	6.1	15	0
glafenine Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.	3.87	3	0	aminoquinoline; carboxylic ester; glycol; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.	2.47	2	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger
glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source	4.77	9	0	sulfonamide
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.86	10	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.	2.6	1	0	dialdehyde	cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	2.45	2	0	piperidines
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	5.02	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzenes
go 6976 [no description available]	2.41	2	0	indolocarbazole; organic heterohexacyclic compound	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
gossypol Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.	2.05	1	0
granisetron [no description available]	4.25	5	0	aromatic amide; indazoles
fluorometholone [no description available]	2.13	1	0
guaiazulene guaiazulene: structure	2.05	1	0	sesquiterpene
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	3.23	1	0	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	4.1	4	0	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
guanfacine Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.	4.54	7	0	acetamides
guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.	3.23	1	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.	2.13	1	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	isoquinolines
fasudil fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.	2.54	2	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonyldiazepane	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; vasodilator agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	5.3	16	0	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	2.94	4	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.	2.13	1	0	harmala alkaloid	oneirogen
hemicholinium 3 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	morpholines
hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.	2.49	2	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.	2.54	2	0	phosphocholines; phospholipid	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor
4-fluorohexahydrosiladifenidol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
hexestrol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
hexetidine Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)	2.05	1	0	organic heteromonocyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	2.74	3	0	barbiturates
hexylresorcinol [no description available]	2.6	1	0	resorcinols
beta-thujaplicin beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.	2.6	1	0	cyclic ketone; enol; monoterpenoid	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiplasmodial drug; plant metabolite
hexamethylene bisacetamide N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208	2.46	2	0	acetamides
hycanthone Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.	2.63	2	0	thioxanthenes	mutagen; schistosomicide drug
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	4.4	6	0	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	5.04	12	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.	4.28	5	0	benzothiadiazine; thiazide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	5.7	5	1	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea [no description available]	6.16	24	0	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	4.26	5	0	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
ibudilast [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyrazolopyridine
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	5.3	16	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
ic 261 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	4.06	4	0	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	4.95	11	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
alverine alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.	2.05	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug
idebenone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; primary alcohol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor
ifenprodil ifenprodil: NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0	piperidines
ifosfamide [no description available]	5.03	12	0	ifosfamides	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	5.1	13	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	4.77	9	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	4.55	7	0	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indirubin-3'-monoxime indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.	2.03	1	0
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	5.24	15	0	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
indoprofen Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.	2.13	1	0	gamma-lactam; isoindoles; monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
iodixanol iodixanol: dimeric contrast media; structure given in first source. iodixanol : A dimeric, non-ionic, water-soluble, radiographic contrast agent, used particularly in coronary angiography.	2.02	1	0	organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
iodoacetamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.	3.15	5	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iopromide iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration.	2.73	3	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; nephrotoxic agent; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iothalamic acid Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.	2.46	2	0	organic molecular entity
iodipamide Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids; organoiodine compound; secondary carboxamide	radioopaque medium
iotroxic acid iotroxic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.06	1	0	organic molecular entity
ioversol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	amidobenzoic acid
ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; isoflavones	bone density conservation agent
iproniazid [no description available]	4.56	7	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	4.29	5	0	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	2.03	1	0	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)	3.87	3	0	benzenes
isoflurane Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.	2.71	3	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	4.87	10	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 4-piperidinecarboxylic acid: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	4.18	6	0	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	4.42	6	0	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.	3.59	2	0	alkylbenzene
isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.	4.41	6	0	benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester
itraconazole [no description available]	4.87	10	0	piperazines
4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline WHI P131: a quinazoline derivative, inhibitor of glioblastoma cell adhesion and migration	2.03	1	0
jl 18 JL 18: a pyridobenzodiazepine derivative bioisoster of clozapine	2.03	1	0
staurosporine aglycone staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor	2	1	0
nsc 664704 kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).	2.03	1	0	indolobenzazepine; lactam; organobromine compound	cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	4.54	7	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	3.31	6	0	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	9.98	12	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	5.02	12	0	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketorolac Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.	4.96	11	0	amino acid; aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolizines; racemate	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.	2.49	2	0	furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle	anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
kojic acid [no description available]	2.6	1	0	4-pyranones; enol; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor; NF-kappaB inhibitor; skin lightening agent
kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.	2.03	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid: metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist; do not confuse AP-3 used as an abbreviation for this with enhancer-binding protein AP-3 (a trans-activator) or clathrin assembly protein AP-3. 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid : A non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group.	2.03	1	0	alanine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; phosphonic acids	human metabolite; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
mimosine Mimosine: 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridinealanine. An antineoplastic alanine-substituted pyridine derivative isolated from Leucena glauca.	2	1	0	alpha-amino acid
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	4.95	11	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lamotrigine [no description available]	4.55	7	0	1,2,4-triazines; dichlorobenzene; primary arylamine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; antimanic drug; calcium channel blocker; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; excitatory amino acid antagonist; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; xenobiotic
lansoprazole Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.	4.95	11	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.	2.6	1	0
beta-lapachone beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.	2.45	2	0	benzochromenone; orthoquinones	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.	7.28	23	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole [no description available]	4.26	5	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
linopirdine linopirdine: acetylcholine releasing drug	2.03	1	0	indoles
lofepramine Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ketone; dibenzoazepine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	3.85	3	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomustine [no description available]	4.25	5	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	4.11	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.	4.56	7	0	benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	4.08	4	0	benzodiazepine
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	6.2	9	0	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
loviride loviride: structure given in first source; inhibits virion and recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	1.98	1	0
loxapine Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.	3.56	2	0	dibenzooxazepine	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
loxoprofen loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.	2.45	2	0	cyclopentanones; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
ly 171883 LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.	2.13	1	0	acetophenones; aromatic ether; phenols; tetrazoles	anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
4-(dimethylamino)-n-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide 4-(dimethylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)-N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid with the amino group of 7-amino-N-hydroxyheptanamide. It is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines.	2.6	1	0	benzamides; hydroxamic acid; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
mafenide Mafenide: A sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme CARBONIC ANHYDRASE and is used as a topical anti-bacterial agent, especially in burn therapy.	2.6	1	0	aromatic amine
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	2.05	1	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	isopropyl ester
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	4.55	7	0	anthracenes
mazindol Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
edaravone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrazolone	antioxidant; radical scavenger
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	4.66	8	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	3.23	1	0	primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	3.58	2	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
meclizine Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.	4.08	4	0	diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	3.56	2	0	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenamate sodium anhydrous [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt
meclofenoxate Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.27	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.	2.02	1	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinolines; secondary alcohol
memantine [no description available]	3.58	2	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	2.49	2	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
mepenzolate mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	4.08	4	0	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	3.86	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	4.07	4	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	4.07	4	0	organic molecular entity
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.	4.55	7	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mesoridazine Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.	3.23	1	0	phenothiazines; sulfoxide; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.	4.27	5	0	aralkylamino compound; phenylethanolamines; resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	5.03	12	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	4.38	6	0	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.	2.04	1	0	ethylenediamine derivative	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
methazolamide Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.	3.98	3	0	sulfonamide; thiadiazoles
methiothepin Methiothepin: A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.. methiothepin : A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively).	2.03	1	0	aryl sulfide; dibenzothiepine; N-alkylpiperazine; tertiary amino compound	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
methocarbamol Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.	3.98	3	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; secondary alcohol
methoctramine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; tetramine	muscarinic antagonist
methoxyamine methoxyamine: analytical reagent for aldehydes and ketones; strong irritant, can probably produce methemoglobinemia; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2	1	0	organooxygen compound
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.	2.45	2	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic
methyclothiazide Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)	3.58	2	0	benzothiadiazine
nocodazole [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.	2.45	2	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates	flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite
3-Hydroxy-alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	4.25	5	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
methyprylon methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	4.94	11	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolazone Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.	4.65	8	0	organochlorine compound; quinazolines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	5.17	14	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	5.24	15	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	3.87	3	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	4.66	8	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.	2.74	3	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine agonist; sedative; serotonergic antagonist
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	4.76	9	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
midodrine Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.	3.56	2	0	amino acid amide; aromatic ether; secondary alcohol	alpha-adrenergic agonist; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone [no description available]	4.25	5	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	4.86	10	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	4.54	7	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitotane Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.	3.85	3	0	diarylmethane
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	5.45	11	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
ml 7 ML-7 : An N-sulfonyldiazepane resullting from the formal condensation of 5-iodo-1-naphthylsulfonic acid with one of the nitrogens of 1,4-diazepane. It is a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18).	2.03	1	0	N-sulfonyldiazepane; organoiodine compound	EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor
moclobemide Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.	3.44	7	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
modafinil Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.	3.59	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfoxide
moxisylyte Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	4.09	4	0	monoterpenoid
entinostat [no description available]	2.6	1	0	benzamides; carbamate ester; primary amino compound; pyridines; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.	2.05	1	0	benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic
n-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source. N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is 5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide in which one of the hydrogens of the nitrogen atom is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.	2.03	1	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; sulfonamide
acecainide Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.	3.31	6	0	acetamides; benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug
n-bromoacetamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	2.52	2	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
fg 7142 FG 7142: benzodiazepine receptor agonist	2.03	1	0	beta-carbolines
clorgyline Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	2.03	1	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
n 0840 N(6)-cyclopentyl-9-methyladenine: selective, orally active A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
nabumetone Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	4.29	5	0	methoxynaphthalene; methyl ketone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
nadolol [no description available]	3.87	3	0	tetralins
nafamostat nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic	2.6	1	0	benzoic acids; guanidines
nalidixic acid [no description available]	9.4	6	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
naratriptan naratriptan: structure given in first source	4.08	4	0	heteroarylpiperidine; sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	4.86	10	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.	2.75	3	0	benzoxazocine; tertiary amino compound
neostigmine Neostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.. neostigmine : A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	2.47	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	5.41	18	0	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	4.27	5	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	4.54	7	0	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
niceritrol Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
niclosamide Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections.	2.03	1	0	benzamides; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; salicylanilides; secondary carboxamide	anthelminthic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antiparasitic agent; apoptosis inducer; molluscicide; piscicide; STAT3 inhibitor
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	5.03	12	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
niflumic acid Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	2.76	3	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
nilutamide [no description available]	4.06	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	4.67	8	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	4.94	11	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nipecotic acid nipecotic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is piperidine in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.	2.03	1	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid
nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.	4.54	7	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).	3.31	6	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	3.85	11	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	3.86	3	0	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nizatidine [no description available]	4.54	7	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound; carboxamidine; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; cholinergic drug; H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	4.42	6	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.73	3	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	4.55	7	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cm 7116 norflutoprazepam: structure	2.13	1	0	benzodiazepine
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	4.86	10	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist	2.03	1	0	nitrobenzoic acid
ns 2028 NS 2028: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ns 1619 NS 1619: structure given in first source. NS 1619 : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced are replaced by 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. It is an opener/activator of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (Bkca).	2.03	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzimidazoles; phenols	potassium channel opener
nylidrin Nylidrin: A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.	2.04	1	0	alkylbenzene
o(6)-benzylguanine O(6)-benzylguanine: a suicide inhibitor of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity	2.03	1	0
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	10.16	14	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
olomoucine olomoucine: inhibits protein P34CDC2. olomoucine : A 9H-purine that is substituted by a (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo, benzylnitrilo and a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 9, respectively. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.	2.44	2	0	2,6-diaminopurines; ethanolamines	EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	4.96	11	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
ondansetron Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.	4.76	9	0	carbazoles
orphenadrine Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.	3.86	3	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
osalmide osalmide: structure	2.6	1	0	organic molecular entity
oxamniquine Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; C-nitro compound; quinolines; secondary amino compound
oxaprozin Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4.25	5	0	1,3-oxazoles; monocarboxylic acid	analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxatomide oxatomide: structure; an anti-allergic & an anti-asthmatic. oxatomide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one substituted by a 3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at position 1. It is an anti-allergic drug.	2.03	1	0	benzimidazoles; diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	4.41	6	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxethazaine [no description available]	2.54	2	0	amino acid amide
oxibendazole oxibendazole: structure	1.98	1	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
oxiracetam oxiracetam: structure in first source	2.73	3	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
oxolinic acid quinolone antibiotic : An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.	2.03	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; enzyme inhibitor
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	3.15	5	0	aromatic ether
oxybenzone oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.	2.05	1	0	hydroxybenzophenone; monomethoxybenzene	dermatologic drug; environmental contaminant; protective agent; ultraviolet filter; xenobiotic
oxybutynin oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	4.55	7	0	acetylenic compound; carboxylic ester; racemate; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; calcium channel blocker; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; parasympatholytic
oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	2.05	1	0	phenols; pyrazolidines	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	4.29	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).	2.03	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.	2.03	1	0	phenylalanine derivative
palmidrol palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.	2.52	2	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine	anti-inflammatory drug; anticonvulsant; antihypertensive agent; neuroprotective agent
pamidronate [no description available]	4.07	4	0	phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.	4.42	6	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	4.68	8	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
4-dichlorobenzene dichlorobenzene : Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.. 1,4-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene	insecticide
1,7-dimethylxanthine 1,7-dimethylxanthine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals.	2.03	1	0	dimethylxanthine	central nervous system stimulant; human blood serum metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
pd 153035 4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: structure given in first source. PD-153035 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying a 3-bromophenylamino substituent at position 4 and two methoxy substituents at positions 6 and 7.	3.31	1	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; bromobenzenes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.	2.42	2	0	aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone	EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pemoline Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.	4.26	5	0	1,3-oxazoles	central nervous system stimulant
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	8.75	18	1	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	3.86	3	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline [no description available]	4.78	9	0	oxopurine
perazine Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.	2.05	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.	4.15	4	0	piperidines	cardiovascular drug
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	4.86	10	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacemide phenacemide: anti-epileptic drug; structure	2.04	1	0	acetamides
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	3.31	6	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.52	2	0	diaminopyridine; monoazo compound	anticoronaviral agent; carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
phenindione Phenindione: An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	anticoagulant
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	4.86	10	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenolphthalein Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.	2.49	2	0	phenols
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	4.27	5	0	aromatic amine
phentermine Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.	3.86	3	0	primary amine	adrenergic agent; appetite depressant; central nervous system drug; central nervous system stimulant; dopaminergic agent; sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.	3.98	3	0	monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug
phenyl biguanide phenyl biguanide: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenyl biguanide : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.03	1	0	guanidines	central nervous system drug
phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.	2.76	3	0	pyrazolidines	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.	2.6	1	0	acyl fluoride	serine proteinase inhibitor
phloretin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dihydrochalcones	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
phthalylsulfathiazole phthalylsulfathiazole: minor descriptor (63-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SULFATHIAZOLES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd. phthalylsulfathiazole : A sulfonamide incorporating 2-carboxybenzamido and 1,3-thiazol-2-yl moieties that is a broad-spectrum antibiotic indicated in the treatment of dysentery, colitis, gastroenteritis and intestinal surgery.	2.06	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide
moxonidine moxonidine: structure given in first source	3.15	5	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
picotamide picotamide: has anticoagulant & fibrinolytic properties; structure	2.03	1	0	benzamides
pimobendan pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source	2.52	2	0	benzimidazoles; pyridazinone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)	2.76	3	0	pyridines
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	4.94	11	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	4.28	5	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipemidic acid Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.	2.49	2	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; pyridopyrimidine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	azacycloalkane; piperazines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	anthelminthic drug
piperidine-4-sulfonic acid piperidine-4-sulfonic acid: specific GABA agonist	2.03	1	0
pipobroman Pipobroman: An antineoplastic agent that acts by alkylation.. pipobroman : An N-acylpiperazine that is piperazine in which each of the nitrogens has been acylated by a 3-bromopropionoyl group. An anti-cancer drug.	2.04	1	0	N-acylpiperazine; organobromine compound; tertiary carboxamide	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.	2.77	3	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pirbuterol pirbuterol: structure	2.44	2	0	pyridines
pirenperone [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aromatic ketone
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	2.46	2	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piretanide piretanide: potent inhibitor of chloride transport; structure	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether
piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.	2.08	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
pj-34 PJ34 : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is 5,6-dihydrophenanthridine substituted at positions 2 and 6 by (N,N-dimethylglycyl)amino and oxo groups, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 110 nM and 86 nM, respectively) and exhibits anti-cancer, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties.	2.6	1	0	phenanthridines; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antiatherosclerotic agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
polythiazide [no description available]	3.58	2	0	benzothiadiazine
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	2.11	1	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.97	4	0	acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
duodote duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents	3.23	1	0	pyridinium ion	antidote to organophosphate poisoning; antidote to sarin poisoning; cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
ono 1078 pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.08	1	0	chromones
pyranoprofen pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.48	2	0	pyridochromene
prazepam Prazepam: A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.02	1	0	benzodiazepine
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	5.19	8	0	isoquinolines
prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.	4.94	11	0	aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
prilocaine Prilocaine: A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.. prilocaine : An amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	2.44	2	0	amino acid amide; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticonvulsant; local anaesthetic
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	4.67	8	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	4.77	9	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	11.62	15	1	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.	3.02	4	0	dithioketal; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	4.85	10	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	4.06	4	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.	4.55	7	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antiemetic; cholinergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.	4.27	5	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist
proglumide Proglumide: A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. It is used clinically in the drug therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers.. proglumide : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.. N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutamine : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-benzoylglutamic acid with dippropylamine.	2.03	1	0	benzamides; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; glutamine derivative; racemate	anti-ulcer drug; cholecystokinin antagonist; cholinergic antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; drug metabolite; gastrointestinal drug; opioid analgesic; xenobiotic metabolite
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	2.78	3	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.	4.68	8	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	4.25	5	0	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.	3.59	2	0	xanthenes
propentofylline [no description available]	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
propidium Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.	2.42	2	0	phenanthridines; quaternary ammonium ion	fluorochrome; intercalator
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.	4.4	6	0	phenols	anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	5.3	16	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	3.23	1	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
proxyphylline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	oxopurine
pyridinolcarbamate Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)	2.05	1	0	pyridines
pyridostigmine [no description available]	4.08	4	0	pyridinium ion
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	5.55	8	0	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134 quazepam: structure given in first source	3.56	2	0	benzodiazepine
quetiapine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	dibenzothiazepine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
rabeprazole Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.	4.08	4	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.	3.23	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; aromatic ketone; N-oxyethylpiperidine; phenols	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine [no description available]	3.92	12	0	aralkylamine
opc 12759 rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase	2.05	1	0	secondary carboxamide
resorcinol resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.	2.04	1	0	benzenediol; phenolic donor; resorcinols	erythropoietin inhibitor; sensitiser
pf 5901 alpha-pentyl-3-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)benzenemethanol: structure given in first source; platelet activating factor antagonist	2.47	2	0	quinolines
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	4.41	6	0	benzothiazoles
rimantadine Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.	6.87	22	0	alkylamine
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	4.94	11	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	2.47	2	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate	3.85	3	0	tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.	2.03	1	0	methoxybenzenes
rofecoxib [no description available]	2.76	3	0	butenolide; sulfone	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram [no description available]	2.81	3	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ronidazole Ronidazole: Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent used mainly in veterinary practice.. ronidazole : A carbamate ester that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by methyl and (carbamoyloxy)methyl groups, respectively. An antiprotozoal agent, it is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of histomoniasis and swine dysentery.	2.43	2	0	C-nitro compound; carbamate ester; imidazoles	antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
ropinirole [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indolones; tertiary amine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; dopamine agonist
saccharin Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.	2.06	1	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	environmental contaminant; sweetening agent; xenobiotic
salicylamide salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source	2.49	2	0	phenols; salicylamides	antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.	2.43	2	0	ether; phenols; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
salicylsalicylic acid salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.	3.23	1	0	benzoate ester; benzoic acids; phenols; salicylates	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
sb 202190 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase	2.03	1	0	imidazoles; organofluorine compound; phenols; pyridines	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
scriptaid scriptide: provokes translocation of GLUT4 to increase glucose uptake; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	isoquinolines
sebacic acid sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.	2.6	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	human metabolite; plant metabolite
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	3.23	1	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
semustine Semustine: 4-Methyl derivative of LOMUSTINE; (CCNU). An antineoplastic agent which functions as an alkylating agent.. semustine : An organochlorine compound that is urea in which the two hydrogens on one of the amino groups are replaced by nitroso and 2-chloroethyl groups and one hydrogen from the other amino group is replaced by a 4-methylcyclohexyl group.	2.04	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	2.44	2	0	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride	3.59	2	0	organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	5.52	12	0	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sobuzoxane sobuzoxane: used in treatment of leukemia L1210	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
sodium iodide Sodium Iodide: A compound forming white, odorless deliquescent crystals and used as iodine supplement, expectorant or in its radioactive (I-131) form as an diagnostic aid, particularly for thyroid function tests.. sodium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a Na(+) counterion.	1.99	1	0	inorganic sodium salt; iodide salt
risedronic acid Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.	4.26	5	0	pyridines
sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	4.94	11	0	ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; orphan drug; prodrug
spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
aldactazide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid lactone
spiroxatrine spiroxatrine: structure	2.03	1	0	imidazolidines
fenofibrate [no description available]	2.6	1	0	benzochromenone; delta-lactone; naphtho-alpha-pyrone	platelet aggregation inhibitor; Sir2 inhibitor
sq 22536 9-(tetrahydrofuryl)adenine : A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0	nucleoside analogue; oxolanes	EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
imatinib [no description available]	4.56	7	0	aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin [no description available]	2.48	2	0	pyridines; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	9.27	5	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.	3.59	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
succinylsulfathiazole succinylsulfathiazole: intestinal antimicrobial agent; structure	2.06	1	0	1,3-thiazoles
sulconazole sulconazole: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sulconazole. An antifungal agent with activity against Candida species, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-[(4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}-1H-imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-ethyl-1H-imidazole in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl group while a second is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes; organic sulfide
sulfabenzamide sulfabenzamide : A sulfonamide containing a benzamido substituent on nitrogen. An antibacterial/antimicrobial, it is often used in conjunction with sulfathiazole and sulfacetamide as a topical, intravaginal antibacterial preparation.	2.13	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial drug
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	2.48	2	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.49	2	0	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections.. sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide antibiotic	antiinfective agent
sulfamerazine [no description available]	2.49	2	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen
sulfameter Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; leprostatic drug; renal agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.76	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.	3.89	3	0	sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	3.92	12	0	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamethoxypyridazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	2.48	2	0	pyridazines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfanilamide [no description available]	2.45	2	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfanitran [no description available]	2.08	1	0	sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	2.45	2	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.45	2	0	pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	10.61	13	0
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	3.86	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.	2.96	4	0	pyrazolidines; sulfoxide	uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	3.3	6	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sulfoxone sulfoxone: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	3.87	3	0	alkylbenzene
sulpiride Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.	3.55	8	0	benzamides; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfonamide	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
sultopride [no description available]	2.06	1	0	salicylamides
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	4.66	8	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	3.31	6	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.	4.36	6	0	naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
t0156 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	naphthyridine derivative
gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.	3.31	6	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tazarotene tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.	2.45	2	0	acetylenic compound; ethyl ester; pyridines; retinoid; thiochromane	keratolytic drug; prodrug; teratogenic agent
1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene 1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene: potent phenobarbital-like inducer of microsomal monooxygenase activity; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
tegafur [no description available]	2.76	3	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	3.85	3	0	benzodiazepine
temozolomide [no description available]	9.77	9	0	imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
terazosin Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia	4.66	8	0	furans; piperazines; primary amino compound; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	5.17	14	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	3.3	6	0	diarylmethane
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	2.45	2	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	3.62	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion
tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide: N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.	2.03	1	0	phosphoramide
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	4.94	6	0	phthalimides; piperidones
theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.	2.03	1	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	4.24	5	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
2,2'-thiodiethanol 2,2'-thiodiethanol: product of yperite hydrolysis; a hydrolysis product opf mustard gas; strongly stimulates differentiation of chick embryo myogenic cells. thiodiglycol : A diol that is pentane-1,5-diol in which the methylene group at position 3 is replaced by a sulfur atom	2.04	1	0	aliphatic sulfide; diol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite; solvent
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	3.85	3	0	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	4.54	7	0	aziridines
tiapride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	benzamides
tiaprofenic acid tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	drug allergen; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	4.28	5	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tilorone Tilorone: An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.. tilorone : A member of the class of fluoren-9-ones that is 9H-fluoren-9-one which is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethoxy group at positions 2 and 7. It is an interferon inducer and a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) agonist. Its hydrochloride salt is used as an antiviral drug.	2.47	2	0	aromatic ether; diether; fluoren-9-ones; tertiary amino compound	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; interferon inducer; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
tinidazole Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.	4.55	7	0	imidazoles	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
tioconazole tioconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tioconazole.. 1-{2-[(2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that comprises 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylimidazole carrying an additional (2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy substituent at position 2.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; thiophenes
tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.	3.85	3	0	N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	4.66	8	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
nikethamide Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)	2.08	1	0	pyridinecarboxamide
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.26	5	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	5.11	13	0	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
tolmetin Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.	3.81	3	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrroles	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	2.51	2	0	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
tolperisone Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid: a GABA-C receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ici 136,753 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyrazolopyridine
ultram 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.	4.53	7	0	aromatic ether; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.	4.26	5	0	amino acid
trapidil Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.	2.49	2	0	triazolopyrimidines
trazodone Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.	4.77	9	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazolopyridine	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	4.67	8	0	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
triazolam Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.	4.25	5	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	sedative
trichlormethiazide Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.	2.48	2	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide antibiotic	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine 2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
triclosan [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trientine Trientine: An ethylenediamine derivative used as stabilizer for EPOXY RESINS, as ampholyte for ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING and as chelating agent for copper in HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION.. TETA : An azamacrocyle in which four nitrogen atoms at positions 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a fouteen-membered ring are each substituted with a carboxymethyl group.. 2,2,2-tetramine : A polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogens.	2.02	1	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	copper chelator
trifluoperazine [no description available]	4.1	4	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.	2.54	2	0	organofluorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
trigonelline trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.	2.6	1	0	alkaloid; iminium betaine	food component; human urinary metabolite; plant metabolite
trihexyphenidyl Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.	3.58	2	0	amine
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	4.06	4	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethobenzamide trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.	3.73	2	0	benzamides; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	11.78	18	1	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	4.39	6	0
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	4.06	4	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.	4.56	7	0	chromanes; thiazolidinone	anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
tropicamide Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.	2.03	1	0	acetamides
thenoyltrifluoroacetone Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.	2.08	1	0
tyramine [no description available]	3.63	2	0	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
tyrphostin a9 [no description available]	2.52	2	0	alkylbenzene	geroprotector
delavirdine Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.92	3	0	aminopyridine; indolecarboxamide; N-acylpiperazine; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
undecylenic acid undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.	2.08	1	0	undecenoic acid	antifungal drug; plant metabolite
urapidil [no description available]	3.16	5	0	piperazines
urethane [no description available]	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
venlafaxine venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.	4.76	9	0	cyclohexanols; monomethoxybenzene; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; serotonin uptake inhibitor; xenobiotic
vesamicol vesamicol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.48	2	0	piperidines
vesnarinone [no description available]	2.54	2	0	organic molecular entity
vigabatrin [no description available]	4.26	5	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
viloxazine Viloxazine: A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether
pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure	2.47	2	0	aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine 8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.	2.13	1	0	1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source. lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation.	2.03	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; furans; indazoles	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	4.42	6	0	carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.	4.26	5	0	nitrile; pyrazolopyrimidine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; central nervous system depressant; sedative
cn 100 CN 100: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0	organic molecular entity
zardaverine zardaverine: structure given in first source. zardaverine : A pyridazinone derivative in which pyridazin-3(2H)-one is substituted at C-6 with a 4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl group. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, selective for PDE3 and 4.	2.03	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyridazinone	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; peripheral nervous system drug
zolpidem Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.	4.4	6	0	imidazopyridine	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; sedative
zomepirac zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	cardiovascular drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zonisamide Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.	3.87	3	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; sulfonamide	anticonvulsant; antioxidant; central nervous system drug; protective agent; T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.	3.16	5	0	monochloropyridine; pyrrolopyrazine	central nervous system depressant; sedative
guanidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic chloride salt	protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.49	2	0	cortisol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.	3.85	3	0	corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	3.87	3	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
oxyphenonium bromide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
corticosterone [no description available]	3.42	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	8.17	60	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.	2.05	1	0	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	4.41	6	0	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.	2.45	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	4.29	5	0	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	3.59	2	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
thymidine [no description available]	6.88	37	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	3.88	12	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
procaine hydrochloride Gerovital H3: Contains mainly procaine & small amounts of benzoic acid, potassium metabisulfite & disodium phosphate	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
triethylenemelamine Triethylenemelamine: Toxic alkylating agent used in industry; also as antineoplastic and research tool to produce chromosome aberrations and cancers.	2.04	1	0	1,3,5-triazines	alkylating agent; insect sterilant
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	2.42	2	0	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.	2.05	1	0
isoproterenol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	catechols
hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.	2.01	1	0	4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
histamine dihydrochloride Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.	2.45	2	0
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	4.36	6	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
neostigmine methylsulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	arylammonium sulfate salt	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	3.59	2	0	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	2.45	2	0	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.	2.05	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	4.4	6	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer	3.2	5	0	corticosteroid hormone
cyclobarbital cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
aldosterone [no description available]	1.99	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
allobarbital allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects	2.45	2	0	barbiturates
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	4.41	6	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
trichlorfon Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.49	2	0	organic phosphonate; organochlorine compound; phosphonic ester	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
cysteine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	cysteine zwitterion; cysteine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flour treatment agent; human metabolite
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	11.37	46	3	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	4.24	5	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
paramethasone Paramethasone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than HYDROCORTISONE with supplementary FLUDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p737)	2.04	1	0	fluorinated steroid
oxandrolone Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.	3.87	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; oxa-steroid	anabolic agent; androgen
androsterone [no description available]	2.47	2	0	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid	androgen; anticonvulsant; human blood serum metabolite; human metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; pheromone
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	2.05	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
promazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
nad [no description available]	2.05	1	0	NAD	geroprotector
dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole: An RNA polymerase II transcriptional inhibitor. This compound terminates transcription prematurely by selective inhibition of RNA synthesis. It is used in research to study underlying mechanisms of cellular regulation.	6.8	7	1
azauridine Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic.	2.48	2	0	N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	4.65	8	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
idoxuridine [no description available]	12.46	26	0	organoiodine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
pilocarpine hydrochloride pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	4.27	5	0	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide: A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.	2.47	2	0	N-arylpiperazine; organic iodide salt; piperazinium salt; quaternary ammonium salt	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.	2.03	1	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	4.05	4	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.	2.4	2	0	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen
racepinephrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
(4-(m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium chloride (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride: A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.	2.03	1	0
hexamethonium bromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cystamine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	2.99	4	0	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
cantharidin Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.	2.03	1	0	cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; monoterpenoid	EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; herbicide
tetraethylammonium chloride tetraethylammonium chloride : A quarternary ammonium chloride salt in which the cation has four ethyl substituents around the central nitrogen.	2.03	1	0	organic chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	potassium channel blocker
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.69	3	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.7	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone acetate Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone.	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	5.17	14	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.03	1	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	9.37	6	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	2.69	2	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benzyltrimethylammonium chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cetrimonium bromide cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.	2.05	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	detergent; surfactant
vincristine [no description available]	4.4	6	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	4.25	5	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	2.71	3	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	2.99	4	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.44	2	0	steroid ester
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	2.47	2	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	2.72	3	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	4.54	7	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	3.14	5	0	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	3.59	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
dromostanolone dromostanolone: synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid used to lower plasma cholesterol & as antineoplastic agent in advanced breast neoplasms; major descriptor (66-86); on-line search ANDROSTANOLS (80-86); ANDROSTANES (68-86); INDEX MEDICUS search DROMOSTANOLONE (66-86); RN given refers to (2alpha,5alpha,17beta)-isomer	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	anabolic agent; antineoplastic agent
promethazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	3.59	2	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	2.74	3	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
uridine [no description available]	2.73	3	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	4.76	9	0	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	7.88	47	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	2.05	1	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
thiamine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organic chloride salt; vitamin B1
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	3.55	8	0	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
tolazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzenes
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	3.59	2	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.	2.6	1	0	benzenes; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.69	3	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.	3.58	2	0	amine; thiol	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.	3.63	2	0	quaternary ammonium salt
mepazine mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.	3.59	2	0	phenothiazines
methoxamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	dimethoxybenzene
papaverine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	2.73	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
niridazole Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.	2.45	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	3.86	3	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	2.15	1	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
bretylium tosylate Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.74	3	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	2.52	2	0	benzoxazole
berlition berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.	2.03	1	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; lipoic acid; thia fatty acid	cofactor; nutraceutical; prosthetic group
methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)	2.47	2	0	quaternary ammonium salt
aniline [no description available]	2.04	1	0	anilines; primary arylamine
calcium acetate calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.	3.23	1	0	calcium salt	chelator
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	2.75	3	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbaryl Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; naphthalenes	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant growth retardant
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.05	1	0	lactose
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	4.23	5	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
Mebutamate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	2.13	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	4.86	10	0	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
gallamine triethiodide Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)	2.03	1	0
cytidine [no description available]	2.69	3	0	cytidines	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytidine triphosphate Cytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.97	1	0	cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
mebanazine mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.59	2	0	benzenes
uracil mustard Uracil Mustard: Nitrogen mustard derivative of URACIL. It is a alkylating antineoplastic agent that is used in lymphatic malignancies, and causes mainly gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage.	2.04	1	0	aminouracil; nitrogen mustard
oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.	9.24	5	0	penicillin	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	3.18	5	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.	2.6	1	0	psoralens	plant metabolite
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	2.03	1	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2.4	2	0	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
fluocinolone acetonide Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.	4.26	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
triamcinolone diacetate triamcinolone diacetate: lysyl oxidase antagonist; Polcortolon may also refers to triamcinolone	2.08	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.	2.46	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.	2.49	2	0	oxo steroid
cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).	3.86	3	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion	antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
triaziquone Triaziquone: Alkylating antineoplastic agent used mainly for ovarian tumors. It is toxic to skin, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and kidneys.. triaziquone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which three of the ring hydrogens are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; aziridines	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
benziodarone benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)	4.1	4	0	aromatic ketone
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	2.47	2	0	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
quinacrine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
chlorpromazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
tubercidin Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.	3.51	8	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	4.76	9	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	4.85	10	0	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
cytarabine [no description available]	6.7	23	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	11.42	17	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.	2	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxypropiophenone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	acetophenones
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	1.98	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1,1,1-trichloroethane Trichloroethanes: Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.. 1,1,1-trichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes carrying three chloro substituents at position 1.	1.99	1	0	chloroethanes	polar solvent
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	2.98	4	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	2.04	1	0	organic sodium salt	dye
isopropamide iodide isopropamide iodide: was heading 1965-94; use AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS to search ISOPROPAMIDE IODIDE 1966-94	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	15.54	74	17	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.42	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol [no description available]	2.75	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; aromatic ether; terminal acetylenic compound	prodrug; xenoestrogen
methaqualone Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.	2.05	1	0	quinazolines	GABA agonist; sedative
trypan blue VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.	2.05	1	0
cordycepin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	2.45	2	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lidocaine hydrochloride lidocaine hydrochloride : The anhydrous form of the hydrochloride salt of lidocaine.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	9.1	11	1	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	1.99	1	0	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane: volatile metabolite of halothane	1.99	1	0	organofluorine compound
dalapon dalapon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	carboxylic acid; organohalogen compound
trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.	2.44	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite
trifluoroacetic acid Trifluoroacetic Acid: A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.. trifluoroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the trifluoro derivative of acetic acid.	2.07	1	0	fluoroalkanoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; reagent
perflutren Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.	3.55	2	0	fluoroalkane; fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	4.54	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.	3.23	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; fluorinated steroid	anabolic agent; antineoplastic agent
mepenzolate bromide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	diarylmethane
allylpropymal allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	3.15	5	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
butobarbital butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
methsuximide methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
methylpentynol methylpentynol: structure	2.04	1	0	ynone
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	3.81	3	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
isobutyl alcohol isobutyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
methylethyl ketone methylethyl ketone: solvent; colorless synthetic resins, smokeless powders; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes; may be toxic in high concentrations; structure. butanone : Any ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.. butan-2-one : A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2.	1.99	1	0	butanone; dialkyl ketone; methyl ketone; volatile organic compound	bacterial metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	2.42	2	0	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.	2.13	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid	metabolite
dichloroacetic acid [no description available]	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	astringent; marine metabolite
dehydrocholic acid Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.	2.49	2	0	12-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; 7-oxo steroid; oxo-5beta-cholanic acid	gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	2.06	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	7.43	48	0	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	2.46	2	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
9,10-phenanthrenequinone 9,10-phenanthrenequinone: structure	2.13	1	0	phenanthrenes
dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone: request from searcher	2.05	1	0
9,10-anthraquinone 9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.	2.61	2	0	anthraquinone
brompheniramine Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.63	2	0	organobromine compound; pyridines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	4.41	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
salicylanilide salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.	2.6	1	0	benzanilide fungicide; salicylamides; salicylanilides
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	4.07	4	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
gramine gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.	2.6	1	0	aminoalkylindole; indole alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antiviral agent; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source	2.31	1	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones
anthranilamide [no description available]	2.01	1	0	substituted aniline
aminacrine Aminacrine: A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.. 9-aminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by an amino group. A fluorescent dyd and topical antiseptic agent, it is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) in eye drops for the treatment of superficial eye infections.	2.6	1	0	aminoacridines; primary amino compound	acid-base indicator; antiinfective agent; antiseptic drug; fluorescent dye; MALDI matrix material; mutagen
pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.	3.58	2	0	phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
diethylpropion Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; tertiary amine	appetite depressant
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	2.01	1	0	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.	2	1	0	xanthene
phenothiazine 10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.	2.13	1	0	phenothiazine	ferroptosis inhibitor; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
mecoprop mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes
fenoprop fenoprop: RN given is for parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	phenoxy herbicide
synephrine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite
benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	2.48	2	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
3-methylpentane 3-methylpentane : An alkane that is pentane which is substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It is used as a solvent in organic synthesis, as a lubricant and as a raw material for producing carbon black.	1.99	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	allelochemical; human metabolite; non-polar solvent
methylcyclopentane methylcyclopentane: toxic; RN 96-37-7. methylcyclopentane : A cycloalkane that is cyclopentane substituted by a single methyl group.	1.99	1	0	cycloalkane; volatile organic compound	human metabolite; plant metabolite
4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	2.17	1	0	butan-4-olide	metabolite; neurotoxin
benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.01	1	0	sulfonamide
arsanilic acid Arsanilic Acid: An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.	2.13	1	0	organoarsonic acid
acetophenone acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.	2.01	1	0	acetophenones	animal metabolite; photosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
nitrobenzene nitrobenzene : A nitroarene consisting of benzene carrying a single nitro substituent. An industrial chemical used widely in the production of aniline.	2.01	1	0	nitroarene; nitrobenzenes
3-aminobenzoic acid 3-aminobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid carrying an amino group at position 3.	2.13	1	0	aminobenzoic acid
methyl gallate methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties.	2.6	1	0	gallate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
dicloran 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline : A nitroaniline that is 4-nitroaniline in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide, it is not approved for use in the European Union.	2.04	1	0	aromatic fungicide; dichlorobenzene; nitroaniline	antifungal agrochemical
phenylhydrazine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	phenylhydrazines	xenobiotic
anisole anisole : A monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group.	2.01	1	0	monomethoxybenzene	plant metabolite
dyrene dyrene: structure. anilazine : A member of the class of triazenes that is dichlorotriazene in which the hydrogen is replaced by an o-chloroanilino group. A fungicide formerly used to control leaf spots and downy mildew, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.	2.04	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine pesticide; secondary amino compound; triazines	antifungal agrochemical
pyridostigmine bromide Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.	2.47	2	0	pyridinium salt
monobenzone monobenzone: structure. monobenzone : The monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone. It is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.	2.6	1	0	benzyl ether	allergen; dermatologic drug; melanin synthesis inhibitor
benzonatate benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.	3.59	2	0	benzoate ester; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anaesthetic; antitussive
nonoxynol Nonoxynol: Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.	2	1	0
acrolein [no description available]	2.04	1	0	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
allyl alcohol allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.	2.08	1	0	primary allylic alcohol; propenol	antibacterial agent; fungicide; herbicide; insecticide; plant metabolite
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	1.99	1	0	alkane
3-chlorophenol 3-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol carrying the chloro substituent at position 3.	2.01	1	0	monochlorophenol
pentane Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms.	1.99	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; refrigerant
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	2.96	4	0	pyrrole; secondary amine
furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.	2.05	1	0	furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	2.7	3	0	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	1.99	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
thiodipropionic acid thiodipropionic acid: structure	2.13	1	0	dicarboxylic acid
n-dodecane dodecane : A straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger).	2.01	1	0	alkane	plant metabolite
tetraethylenepentamine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	polyazaalkane	copper chelator
ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.	2.96	4	0	peptide ergot alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
estradiol dipropionate estradiol dipropionate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemline 7/83	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
methylergonovine Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.23	1	0	ergoline alkaloid
imipramine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant
neostigmine bromide neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.	3.31	6	0	bromide salt
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	2.76	3	0	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant
edrophonium chloride edrophonium chloride : The chloride salt of edrophonium. A reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes), it is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.	2.47	2	0	chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	antidote; diagnostic agent; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
maltol maltol: found in bark of young larch trees; isolated from Passiflora incarnata; possesses depressant properties in mice; potentiates hexobarbital-induced narcosis & inhibits spontaneous motor activity; structure	2.13	1	0	4-pyranones	metabolite
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	2.05	1	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
chloranil Chloranil: A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.. tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquiones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by chlorines.	2.45	2	0	1,4-benzoquinones; organochlorine compound	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; metabolite
trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.	2.05	1	0	trinitrotoluene	explosive
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	3.54	8	0	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
suramin sodium suramin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the hexasodium salt of suramin. It is an FDA approved drug for African sleeping sickness and river blindness.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
pyrazolanthrone pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.	2.74	3	0	anthrapyrazole; aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone	antineoplastic agent; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; geroprotector
2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone: structure	2.05	1	0
meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.	2.46	2	0	hexosamine; secondary amino compound
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	4.29	5	0	quinolines
amiben Amiben: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	chlorobenzoic acid
methapyrilene hydrochloride methapyrilene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of methapyrilene.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
phenazopyridine hydrochloride phenazopyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining phenazopyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.53	2	0	hydrochloride	carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
tetrracaine hydrochloride leocaine: a crystal beta-modification of the beta-dimethylaminoethyl ether of n-butylaminobenzoic acid hydrochloride	2.47	2	0	benzoate ester
chelidamic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
protocatechualdehyde protocatechualdehyde: found in wheat grains, wheat seedlings, & other plants; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also rancinamycins; structure	2.13	1	0	dihydroxybenzaldehyde
monuron monuron: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search UREA/AA (72-74) & HERBICIDES (72-74) & HERBICIDES UREA (75-83); RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. monuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.	2.04	1	0	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
iminodiacetic acid iminodiacetic acid: used as hepatobiliary imaging agent when labeled with Tc; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. iminodiacetic acid : An amino dicarboxylic acid that is glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a carboxymethyl group.	2.04	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; glycine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	chelator
n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi).	1.99	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; plant metabolite
20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 20-alpha-reduced metabolite of PROGESTERONE. It is converted from progesterone to 20-alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by the 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE in the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA.	2.13	1	0	20-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	2.05	1	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
3-o-methylglucose 3-O-Methylglucose: A non-metabolizable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase. 3-O-Methylglucose is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. (J Neurochem 1993;60(4):1498-504). 3-O-methyl-D-glucose : A D-aldohexose that is D-glucose in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group at position 3 has been substituted by a methyl group. It is a non-metabolisable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase and is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems.	2.4	2	0	D-aldohexose derivative
2-chloroadenosine 5-chloroformycin A: structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	purine nucleoside
2-fluoroadenosine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound
diphenhydramine hydrochloride Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride; organoammonium salt	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; sedative
nafcillin Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.	4.06	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	2.6	1	0	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols	metabolite
methohexital Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.	3.84	3	0	acetylenic compound; barbiturates	drug allergen; intravenous anaesthetic
quinestrol Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)	2.49	2	0	17-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid	progestin
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	2.6	1	0	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
tripelennamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
phenetidine Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	drug metabolite
cysteamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
diazooxonorleucine Diazooxonorleucine: An amino acid that inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase and interferes with glutamine metabolism. It is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by an unidentified species of Streptomyces from Peruvian soil. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-norleucine which is substituted at position 5 by an oxo group and at position 6 by a diazo group. It is as inhibitor of various glutamine-utilising enzymes.	2.04	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; diazo compound; ketone; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	analgesic; antibacterial agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.4.2.14 (amidophosphoribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.2 (glutaminase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.4.2 [CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolyzing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.1 [NAD(+) synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.2 [GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.3 (phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.4 [asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.5 [carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; glutamine antagonist
quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.	7.25	29	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	2.01	1	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	6.3	14	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	3.25	1	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	4.03	14	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
pyrimidine pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions.	2.04	1	0	diazine; pyrimidines	Daphnia magna metabolite
pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.46	2	0	diazine; pyrazines	Daphnia magna metabolite
propantheline bromide [no description available]	2.47	2	0	xanthenes
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	3.59	2	0	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	2.21	1	0	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	2.49	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
pirinitramide Pirinitramide: A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of MEPERIDINE with similar activity and usage.	2.45	2	0	nitrile
methylpentynol carbamate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
mechlorethamine n-oxide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	nitrogen mustard
edrophonium bromide [no description available]	2.46	2	0
hydralazine hydrochloride hydralazine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
ethamivan ethamivan: minor descriptor (65-72); major descriptor (73-86); on-line search BENZAMIDES (66-86); INDEX MEDICUS search BENZAMIDES (65-72); ETHAMIVAN (73-86). etamivan : Phenol substituted at C-2 and C-4 by a methoxy group and an N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl group respectively. A respiratory stimulant drug related to nikethamide, it has now fallen largely into disuse.	2.47	2	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
pargyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
estradiol 17 beta-cypionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
testosterone enanthate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	heptanoate ester; sterol ester	androgen
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	4.08	4	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	4.84	10	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity	2.05	1	0	aminopyridine
linuron Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). linuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is N-methyl urea substituted by a methoxy group at position 1 and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 3.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)	2.45	2	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
orphenadrine hydrochloride orphenadrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of ophenadrine and hydrogen chloride.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
methylthioinosine Methylthioinosine: 6-(Methylthio)-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine. An analog of inosine with a methylthio group replacing the hydroxyl group in the 6-position.	2.46	2	0	purine ribonucleoside; thiopurine
perflexane perfluorohexane : A fluoroalkane that is hexane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.	2.41	1	0	fluoroalkane; fluorocarbon; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; radioopaque medium
fluocinonide Fluocinonide: A topical glucocorticoid used in the treatment of ECZEMA.	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	4.26	5	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.59	2	0	steroid ester
methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches.	2.13	1	0	ergoline alkaloid
bucladesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; butanamides; butyrate ester	agonist; cardiotonic drug; vasodilator agent
thymidine monophosphate Thymidine Monophosphate: 5-Thymidylic acid. A thymine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety.. dTMP : The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate).	2.06	1	0	thymidine 5'-monophosphate	fundamental metabolite
procarbazine hydrochloride procarbazine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining procarbazine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
cuprizone [no description available]	2.11	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	9.95	11	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(n,n-dimethyl-n-2-propenyl-), dibromide Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide: Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0
fluroxene fluroxene: was heading 1973-94; use ETHERS to search FLUROXENE 1973-94	1.99	1	0	organofluorine compound
perflubron perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.	2.05	1	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; perfluorinated compound	blood substitute; radioopaque medium
fluorometholone Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.	3.71	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate [no description available]	2.45	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester	androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin
nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	human metabolite
xanthinol niacinate Xanthinol Niacinate: A vasodilator used in peripheral vascular disorders and insufficiency. It may cause gastric discomfort and hypotension.	2.13	1	0
2-aminopurine 2-Aminopurine: A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).. aminopurine : Any purine having at least one amino substituent.. 2-aminopurine : The parent compound of the 2-aminopurines, comprising a purine core carrying an amino substituent at the 2-position.	9.8	23	2	2-aminopurines; nucleobase analogue	antimetabolite
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	2.04	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.	3.86	3	0	1-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoate	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
ketobemidone ketobemidone: structure	2.04	1	0	piperidines
glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	2.49	2	0	cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	immunomodulator; plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	3.85	3	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
lucanthone Lucanthone: One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46). lucanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone.	2.6	1	0	thioxanthenes	adjuvant; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; mutagen; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; schistosomicide drug
plumbagin plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.	2.04	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; phenols	anticoagulant; antineoplastic agent; immunological adjuvant; metabolite
cepharanthine cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.	2.6	1	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
aloe emodin aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.	2.6	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; dihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
chrysophanic acid chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.	2.6	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	anti-inflammatory agent; antiviral agent; plant metabolite
dihydroberberine dihydroberberine: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	alkaloid
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	3.01	4	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source	2.6	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; coumarins	metabolite
dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)	2.05	1	0	phthalazines
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.	2.03	1	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines	agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin
flavanone flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.	2.6	1	0	flavanones
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	2.47	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.	2.17	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite
pamaquine pamaquine: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	aminoquinoline
phenylpropanolamine Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.	2.05	1	0	amphetamines; phenethylamine alkaloid	plant metabolite
benzohydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
phloretic acid phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.	2.6	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	plant metabolite
caprolactone hexano-6-lactone : A epsilon-lactone that is oxepane substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	7.11	1	0	epsilon-lactone
4-hydroxybutyric acid 4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.23	1	0	4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	general anaesthetic; GHB receptor agonist; neurotoxin; sedative
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	2.31	1	0
mustard gas Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.	2.04	1	0	ethyl sulfide; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; vesicant
oleanolic acid [no description available]	2.6	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
methadyl acetate Methadyl Acetate: A narcotic analgesic with a long onset and duration of action.	2	1	0	diarylmethane
dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	4.09	4	0	ergot alkaloid; semisynthetic derivative	dopamine agonist; non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.	2.96	4	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.45	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	3.88	3	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of tetryzoline. It is used as a nasal decongestant.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
dequalinium chloride dequalinium chloride : An organic chloride salt that is the dichloride salt of dequalinium.	2.03	1	0	organic chloride salt	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiseptic drug; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
angelicin angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure	2.6	1	0	furanocoumarin
dimenhydrinate gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	3.61	2	0	diarylmethane
n-hydroxyphthalimide N-hydroxyphthalimide: causes contact dermititis	2.05	1	0
1,2-naphthoquinone naphthalene-1,2-dione: structure given in first source. 1,2-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,2-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 2 of the naphthalene ring. It is a metabolite of naphthalene and is found in diesel exhaust particles.	2.13	1	0	1,2-naphthoquinones	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
apronalide apronalide: structure	2.04	1	0	N-acylurea
chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	2.74	3	0	thiazoles
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dinitrophenol acaricide; hydroxytoluene; nitrotoluene	dinitrophenol insecticide; fungicide; herbicide
diperodon diperodon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	3.86	3	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
levocarnitine (R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.	4.07	4	0	carnitine	antilipemic drug; nootropic agent; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; water-soluble vitamin (role)
decamethonium dibromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sulfanilylurea sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure	3.59	2	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	1.97	1	0	organic sodium salt; organobromine compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
lucanthone hydrochloride Schistosomicides: Agents that act systemically to kill adult schistosomes.	2.02	1	0
gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.	2.43	2	0	organic chloride salt	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye
amitriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic tricyclic compound
resazurin resazurin: used as indicator in detection of hyposulfite (sulfoxylate); in food research (reductase test); structure	2	1	0	phenoxazine
naphazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic molecular entity
1-naphthylisothiocyanate 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.	2.47	2	0	isothiocyanate	insecticide
hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.	2.05	1	0
neutral red Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.	2	1	0	hydrochloride	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
4,4'-bipyridyl 4,4'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-4 and C-4'.	2.13	1	0	bipyridine
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	2.04	1	0	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
doxylamine succinate [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic molecular entity
carbamylhydrazine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
monoacetyldapsone monoacetyldapsone: used in leprosy chemotherapy. monoacetyldapsone : A secondary carboxamide resulting from acetylation of one of the amino groups of dapsone.	2.13	1	0	acetamides; anilide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone
metahexamide metahexamide: major descriptor (64-83); on-line search SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS (64-83); Index Medicus search METAHEXAMIDE (64-83); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
formestane [no description available]	2.47	2	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enol; hydroxy steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
chlorotrianisene Chlorotrianisene: A powerful synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.	2.13	1	0	chloroalkene	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor modulator; xenoestrogen
lactulose [no description available]	4.41	6	0	glycosylfructose	gastrointestinal drug; laxative
aminacrine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
isoxsuprine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	alkylbenzene
debrisoquin sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic sulfate salt
3-methylhexane 3-methylhexane: a biliary biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma. 3-methylhexane : An alkane that is hexane substituted by a methyl group at position 3.	1.99	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	human metabolite
betaine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bethanechol chloride bethanechol chloride : The chloride salt of bethanechol. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester; chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscarinic agonist
megestrol acetate [no description available]	3.33	6	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
pamabrom [no description available]	3.23	1	0
toyocamycin Toyocamycin: 4-Amino-5-cyano-7-(D-ribofuranosyl)-7H- pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine. Antibiotic antimetabolite isolated from Streptomyces toyocaensis cultures. It is an analog of adenosine, blocks RNA synthesis and ribosome function, and is used mainly as a tool in biochemistry.. toyocamycin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is tubercidin in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the pyrrolopyrimidine moiety has been replaced by a cyano group.	3.09	5	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; nitrile; ribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite
2-anthramine 2-anthramine: structure	2.01	1	0	anthracenamine
2-hydroxyacetanilide 2-acetamidophenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 2-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. A positional isomer of paracetamol which possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anti-platelet aggregation properties.	2.13	1	0	acetamides; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	9.78	9	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
c.i. 42510 Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin.	2.1	1	0
Berberine chloride (TN) [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
clopamide Clopamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	2.13	1	0	sulfonamide
benzydamine Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.. benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.	2.06	1	0	aromatic ether; indazoles; tertiary amino compound	analgesic; central nervous system stimulant; hallucinogen; local anaesthetic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
erythromycin stearate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aminoglycoside
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	5.02	12	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
isosorbide Isosorbide: 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro D-glucitol. Chemically inert osmotic diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus; also used in glaucoma.	2.06	1	0	organic molecular entity
docosanol Tadenan: from powdered bark of Pygaeum africanum (Rosaceae), see also heading for docosanol (a priciple ingredient of extract). docosan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is docosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a non-prescription medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores.. docosanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twenty-two carbon atoms.	3.13	1	0	docosanol; long-chain primary fatty alcohol	antiviral drug; plant metabolite
tetracyanoethylene tetracyanoethene: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.	2.41	2	0	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent
hadacidin hadacidin: inhibitor of AMP synthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. hadacidin : A monocarboxylic acid that is N-hydroxyglycine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group. It was originally isolated from cultures of Penicillium frequentans.	2.04	1	0	aldehyde; monocarboxylic acid; N-hydroxy-alpha-amino-acid	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent
phosmet Phosmet: An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange.	2.13	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phthalimides	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
hydroxychloroquine sulfate [no description available]	2.58	2	0
carbophenothion carbophenothion: structure	2.04	1	0	organic sulfide
levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.	4.26	5	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
porfiromycin Porfiromycin: Toxic antibiotic of the mitomycin group, obtained from MITOMYCIN and also from Streptomyces ardus and other species. It is proposed as an antineoplastic agent, with some antibiotic properties.	2.04	1	0
Mecamylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	monoterpenoid
lormetazepam lormetazepam: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant for methyl group; structure given in first source. lormetazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position, a 2-chlorophenyl group at the 5-position and a chloro substituent at the 7-position.	2.74	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	sedative
vinblastine [no description available]	3.54	8	0
malononitrile dimer Malononitrile dimer: has antithyroid activity; inhibits conversion of monoiodotyrosine to diiodotyrosine	2.13	1	0
diphenyl disulfide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzenes
diphenoxylate Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.	3.23	1	0	ethyl ester; nitrile; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amine	antidiarrhoeal drug
deoxycytidine [no description available]	4.95	14	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.91	4	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
testolactone Testolactone: An antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and used to treat advanced breast cancer.	2.04	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; seco-androstane
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : The hydrochloride salt of cyproheptadine. Note that the drug named cyproheptadine hydrochloride generally refers to cyproheptadine hydrochloride sesquihydrate.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
estradiol valerate [no description available]	2.75	3	0	steroid ester
deoxycytidine monophosphate Deoxycytidine Monophosphate: Deoxycytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A deoxycytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety in the 2'-,3'- or 5- positions.. 2'-deoxycytosine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.42	2	0	2'-deoxycytidine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
ethambutol hydrochloride ethambutol dihydrochloride : The dihydrchloride salt of ethambutol. A bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, it is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol dihydrochloride is used alone.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antitubercular agent
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	4.86	10	0	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
phenylglyoxal [no description available]	7	1	0	phenylacetaldehydes
pyrithioxin Pyrithioxin: A neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.	2.04	1	0	methylpyridines
metformin hydrochloride metformin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of metformin with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.	2.6	1	0	hydrochloride	environmental contaminant; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).	2.13	1	0	alkaloid; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
2,2'-dipyridylamine dipyridin-2-ylamine: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
durapatite Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).	2.17	1	0
cadmium sulfide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	cadmium molecular entity
arsenic trioxide Arsenic Trioxide: An inorganic compound with the chemical formula As2O3 that is used for the treatment of ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA in patients who have relapsed from, or are resistant to, conventional drug therapy.	7.48	2	0
antimycin a [no description available]	2.81	3	0	benzamides; formamides; macrodiolide; phenols	antifungal agent; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; piscicide
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	11.24	18	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
nsc 65346 sangivamycin: RN given refers to parent cpd. sangivamycin : A nucleoside analogue that is adenosine in which the nitrogen at position 7 is replaced by a carbamoyl-substituted carbon. It is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C.	2.68	3	0	nucleoside analogue	protein kinase inhibitor
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	3.59	2	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
pregnenolone carbonitrile Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.	2.51	2	0	aliphatic nitrile
guanazole Guanazole: A cytostatic triazole derivative which is not to be confused with guanazolo, the generic name for 8-azaguanine.. guanazole : An aromatic amine that is 1,2,4-triazole substituted at positions 3 and 5 by amino groups.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor
flurandrenolone Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)	2.13	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
ibufenac ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.	3.59	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metylperon metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone
diethylcarbamazine citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	piperazinecarboxamide
meturedepa meturedepa: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6031	2.04	1	0	phosphoramide
metaxalone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether
ioxynil ioxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. ioxynil : A nitrile that is benzonitrile substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and iodo groups at positions 3 and 5.	2.04	1	0	iodophenol; nitrile	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
bromoxynil bromoxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile : A dibromobenzene that is 2,6-dibromophenol substituted by a cyano group at position 4.	2.04	1	0	dibromobenzene; hydroxynitrile; phenols	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.	3.58	2	0	cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	bipyridines
dichlorobenzyl alcohol 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by chlorines.	2.6	1	0	benzyl alcohols; dichlorobenzene	antiseptic drug
azacyclonol azacyclonol: major descriptor (65-84); on-line search PIPERIDINES (65-84); Index Medicus search AZACYCLONOL (65-84); RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol : The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol.	2.47	2	0	androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol	Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite
guaiacoxyacetic acid guaiacoxyacetic acid: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
picloram Picloram: A picolinic acid derivative that is used as a herbicide.. picloram : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine-2-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a chloro group at positions 3,5 and 6, and by an amino group at position 4. It is a systemic herbicide used to control deeply rooted herbaceous weeds and woody plants in rights-of-way, forestry, range lands, pastures, and small grain crops.	2.04	1	0	aminopyridine; chloropyridine; organochlorine pesticide; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	herbicide; synthetic auxin
ethoglucid Ethoglucid: Alkylating antineoplastic agent used especially in bladder neoplasms. It is toxic to hair follicles, gastro-intestinal tract, and vasculature.	2.04	1	0	epoxide
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.	4.25	5	0	benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide	cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic
methylene diphosphonate medronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) consisting of methane substituted by two phosphonic acid groups.	2.13	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	bone density conservation agent; chelator
amiloride hydrochloride, anhydrous amiloride hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining amiloride with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	4.26	5	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
2,4,5-tribromoimidazole 2,4,5-tribromoimidazole: induces poisoning typical of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation	2.02	1	0
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	4.41	6	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
benperidol Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)	2.04	1	0	aromatic ketone
azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid: a proline analog (with 4-membered ring in place of 5); a toxic non-protein amino acid that is misincorporated into protein in place of proline; induces nonfunctional heat-shock proteins; inhibits acquired thermotolerance; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; found in beets and Liliaceae. (S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid : The (S)-enantiomer of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.. azetidinecarboxylic acid : A member of the class of azetidines that is azetidine substituted by at least one carboxy group at unspecified position.	2.03	1	0	azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
flumethasone Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
guanoxan guanoxan: was MH 1976-92 (see under GUANIDINES 1976-90); use GUANIDINES to search GUANOXAN 1976-92; antihypertensive agent similar in its mechanism of action to guanethidine; may cause liver damage	2.75	3	0	benzodioxine
azaribine azaribine: pyrimidine analogue; anti-metabolite used in psoriasis & mycosis fungoides;. azaribine : A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.	2.48	2	0	acetate ester; N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antipsoriatic; prodrug
diallyl disulfide diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.	2.06	1	0	organic disulfide	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
hydrocortisone hemisuccinate hydrocortisone succinate : A derivative of succinic acid in which one of the carboxy groups is esterified by the C-21 hydroxy group of cortisol (hydrocortisone).	2.13	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
muscarine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.	2	1	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
5-fluorocytidine 5-fluorocytidine: isolated from DNA of Escherichia coli grown in presence of 5-fluorouracil; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	cytidines; organofluorine compound
methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate: A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies.	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone; hemisuccinate
dexbrompheniramine dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.23	1	0	brompheniramine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.	2.05	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimalarial
1,3,5-triglycidyl-s-triazinetrione [no description available]	2.04	1	0
antazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
sulfur hexafluoride Sulfur Hexafluoride: Sulfur hexafluoride. An inert gas used mainly as a test gas in respiratory physiology. Other uses include its injection in vitreoretinal surgery to restore the vitreous chamber and as a tracer in monitoring the dispersion and deposition of air pollutants.. sulfur hexafluoride : A sulfur coordination entity consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is the most potent greenhouse gas currently known, with a global warming potential of 23,900 times that of CO2 over a 100 year period (SF6 has an estimated lifetime in the atmosphere of between 800 and 3,000 years).	2.07	1	0	sulfur coordination entity	greenhouse gas; NMR chemical shift reference compound; ultrasound contrast agent
acadesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor
acetophenazine acetophenazine: major descriptor (73-85); minor descriptor (64-72); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-85); Index Medicus search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-72); ACETOPHENAZINE (73-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. acetophenazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the nitogen atom and an acetyl group at position 2.	2.04	1	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; phenothiazines	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
mebeverine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
chlordesmethyldiazepam [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzodiazepine
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	11.87	20	1	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	3.53	8	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	4.54	7	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	2.03	1	0	fluorescein isothiocyanate
improsan improsan: synonyms NSC-102627, alkylating agent 864 & yoshi 864 refer to HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	organosulfonic ester
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	2.03	1	0	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
cyclacillin Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.	2.02	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug
clidinium bromide clidinium bromide : The bromide salt of clinidium. It is used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.	2.13	1	0
iproclozide iproclozide: structure	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
megestrol Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.	3.23	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
meclofenoxate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	2.02	1	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
diloxanide furoate diloxanide furoate: structure. diloxanide furoate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of furan-2-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2,2-dichloro-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylacetamide. It is a drug used for the treatment of asymptomatic amebiasis.	2.13	1	0	carboxylic ester; furans; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	antiamoebic agent; prodrug
streptomycin [no description available]	4.53	7	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine: A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has butyl and 4-hydroxybutyl substituents. In mice, it causes high-grade, invasive cancers in the urinary bladder, but not in any other tissues.	2	1	0	nitrosamine; primary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
piperacetazine piperacetazine: was MH 1975-91 (see under PHENOTHIAZINE TRANQUILIZERS 1975-90)	2.04	1	0	phenothiazines
nitroxoline nitroxoline: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6475; RN given refers to parent cpd. nitroxoline : A monohydroxyquinoline in which the hydroxy group is positioned at C-8 with a nitro group trans to it at C-5.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; monohydroxyquinoline	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; renal agent
dideoxyadenosine Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.	2.44	2	0	adenosines; purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
clonidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene
cladribine [no description available]	4.55	7	0	organochlorine compound; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone [no description available]	2.96	4	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.	4.07	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
carbenicillin disodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; isoquinolines; pyridoisoquinoline	antileishmanial agent; antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug
estradiol enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
benorilate benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
trimetazidine Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.	2.03	1	0	diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
canadine, (s)-isomer (S)-canadine : The (S)-enantiomer of canadine.	2.03	1	0	an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine; canadine	plant metabolite
metocurine metocurine: from Chinese herb Cyclea hainanensis Mrr	2.47	2	0	isoquinolines
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	3.15	5	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
clomacran clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.59	2	0	acridines
mexiletine hydrochloride mexiletine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride composed of equimolar amounts of mexiletine and hydrogen chloride.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
pentaquine pentaquine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
beclomethasone dipropionate beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; enone; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
vidarabine adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.	15.87	42	1	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
alverine citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	citrate salt; organoammonium salt	antispasmodic drug; cholinergic antagonist
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	antipsoriatic
acetylpyruvic acid acetylpyruvic acid: structure. acetylpyruvic acid : A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.	2.05	1	0	beta-diketone; dioxo monocarboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite
methenamine hippurate methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action	3.23	1	0	N-acylglycine
cyclogyl cyclopentolate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclopentolate. It is used to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.	2.13	1	0
olsalazine olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.	4.65	8	0	azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
cyclophosphamide cyclophosphamide hydrate : The monohydrate of cyclophosphamide.	2.03	1	0	hydrate	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; immunosuppressive agent
suxamethonium chloride succinylcholine chloride (anhydrous) : A chloride salt in which the negative charge of the chloride ions is balanced by succinylcholine dications.	2.03	1	0	chloride salt	muscle relaxant
cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclobenzaprine. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; muscle relaxant
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	2.03	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
3-deazaadenosine 3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.52	2	0
tiadenol tiadenol: structure	2.05	1	0	aliphatic sulfide
terodiline [no description available]	2.74	3	0	diarylmethane
ampicillin trihydrate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrate
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene 1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
metoclopramide hydrochloride metoclopramide hydrochloride : A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of metoclopramide monohydrochloride.	2.47	2	0
isoetharine mesylate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
etidronate disodium etidronate disodium : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of two protons from etidronic acid (one from from each of the phosphonic acid groups) by sodium ions.	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
tantalum Tantalum: A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices.	1.98	1	0	vanadium group element atom
technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.	7.03	1	0	manganese group element atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	2.01	1	0	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
europium Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy.	2.03	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	7.42	2	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	12	23	1	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
6-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0
metocurine iodide [no description available]	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether
propionylpromazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	4.84	10	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
isopentenyladenosine Isopentenyladenosine: N(6)-[delta(3)-isopentenyl]adenosine. Isopentenyl derivative of adenosine which is a member of the cytokinin family of plant growth regulators.. N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine : A nucleoside analogue in which adenosine has been modified by substitution at the 6-amino nitrogen by a Delta(2)-isopentenyl group.	2.45	2	0	N-ribosyl-N(6)-isopentenyladenine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.	3.23	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	3.84	3	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
nsc-145,668 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
ancitabine Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.	2.93	4	0	diol; organic heterotricyclic compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
stanozolol Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anabolic agent; androgen
chloropyramine chloropyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.6	1	0	aminopyridine
phenacid phenacid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
clodronic acid Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.	3.12	5	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); one-carbon compound; organochlorine compound	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent
mafenide acetate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	carboxylic acid
reproterol reproterol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.06	1	0	oxopurine
apazone Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.	2.04	1	0	benzotriazines	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; uricosuric drug
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate cortisol 17-butyrate : Cortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.	2.13	1	0	butyrate ester; cortisol ester; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	dermatologic drug; drug allergen
diacerein diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;	2.08	1	0	anthraquinone
xipamide Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.	2.45	2	0	benzamides
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	4.63	8	0	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
selegiline hydrochloride, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride; terminal acetylenic compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	2.77	3	0	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
benserazide hydrochloride benserazide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of benserazide. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide hydrochloride has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
clemastine Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	4.1	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpyrrolidine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol [no description available]	2.47	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
pancuronium bromide pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.	2.46	2	0	bromide salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
pizotyline Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.	2.05	1	0	benzocycloheptathiophene	histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	4.65	8	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	2.06	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	3.29	6	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
pentamethylmelamine pentamethylmelamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.48	2	0
eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent	2.13	1	0
n'-nitrosonornicotine N'-nitrosonornicotine: structure; a potent carcinogen in laboratory animals	2.6	1	0	pyridines; pyrrolidines
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	2.41	2	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
ornidazole Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.	2.51	2	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; organochlorine compound; secondary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antiprotozoal drug; antitrichomonal drug; epitope
fluorides [no description available]	3.7	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
calusterone calusterone: was MH 1975-92 (see under METHYLTESTOSTERONE 1975-90); use METHYLTESTOSTERONE to search CALUSTERONE 1975-92	2.04	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	4.76	9	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
tetridamin tetridamin: do not confuse with tetrodamine; structure	2.13	1	0
metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid	dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
fenclozic acid fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	3.59	2	0
lisuride Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).	2.44	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic agonist
etoprine etoprine: do not confuse with 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine, also called DDEP	2.04	1	0
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane [no description available]	3.59	2	0
iodine [no description available]	3.53	2	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
osmium tetroxide Osmium Tetroxide: (T-4)-Osmium oxide (OsO4). A highly toxic and volatile oxide of osmium used in industry as an oxidizing agent. It is also used as a histological fixative and stain and as a synovectomy agent in arthritic joints. Its vapor can cause eye, skin, and lung damage.. osmium tetroxide : An osmium coordination entity consisting of four oxygen atoms bound to a central osmium atom via covalent double bonds.	3.1	1	0	osmium coordination entity	fixative; histological dye; oxidising agent; poison
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	5.29	9	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
razoxane Razoxane: An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties.	2.04	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine
capobenic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
cephapirin Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.72	3	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
fludarabine phosphate fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.	3.87	3	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
disopyramide phosphate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organoammonium phosphate
alclofenac alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2,6-diaminopurine 9H-purine-2,6-diamine : A member of the class of 2,6-diaminopurines that is 9H-purine in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 are replaced by amino groups.	2.07	1	0	2,6-diaminopurines; primary amino compound	antineoplastic agent
carbimazole Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.05	1	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones; carbamate ester	antithyroid drug; prodrug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	4.4	6	0	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
ergocristine ergocristine: an ergot alkaloid; one of the three components of ergotoxine; has alpha blocking action, stimulates smooth muscles & antagonizes serotonin; used as oxytocic & in peripheral disorders; minor descriptor (77-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search EROLINES (77-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocristine : Ergotaman bearing benzyl, hydroxy, and isopropyl groups at the 5', 12' and 2' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.03	1	0	ergot alkaloid
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	7.4	26	0	benzenes; phenyl acetates
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	2.73	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin [no description available]	3.87	3	0	indoles
thymolphthalein Thymolphthalein: Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.	2.13	1	0	terpene lactone
azetepa [no description available]	2.04	1	0	phosphoramide
tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.	2.05	1	0	chlorocarbon; chloroethenes	nephrotoxic agent
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	3.23	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	4.24	5	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.	2.04	1	0	3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid	human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
metipranolol Metipranolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.. metipranolol : 3-(Propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group. A non-cardioselective beta-blocker, it is used to lower intra-ocular pressure in the management of open-angle glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
benzonidazole benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.	2.08	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antiprotozoal drug
halazepam halazepam: structure	2.02	1	0	organic molecular entity
butachlor butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.	2.43	2	0	benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.	3.14	5	0
rose bengal b disodium salt [no description available]	2.05	1	0
clobetasol propionate Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid	anti-inflammatory drug
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	9.11	3	1	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	3.23	1	0	chlorphenamine
alovudine [no description available]	3.88	3	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside
ribostamycin Ribostamycin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial isolated from Streptomyces ribosifidicus.. ribostamycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is 4,6-diaminocyclohexane-1,2,3-triol having a 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 1 and a beta-D-ribosyl residue attached at position 2. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ribosidificus (formerly S. thermoflavus).	2.04	1	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; metabolite
clometacin clometacin: structure	3.59	2	0	N-acylindole
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	4.53	7	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
frentizole frentizole: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0
ripazepam [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzenes
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	5.1	13	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	5.1	13	0	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.75	3	0	tryptamines
almitrine Almitrine: A respiratory stimulant that enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arterial oxygen tension while decreasing arterial carbon dioxide tension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It may also prove useful in the treatment of nocturnal oxygen desaturation without impairing the quality of sleep.. almitrine : A triamino-1,3,5-triazine compound having allylamino substituents at the 2- and 4-positions and a 4-(bis(p-fluorophenyl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl group at the 6-position.	2.06	1	0	piperazines; triamino-1,3,5-triazine	central nervous system stimulant
eterobarb [no description available]	2.13	1	0	barbiturates
nicergoline Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.	2.05	1	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
gallium citrate [no description available]	1.99	1	0
oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.	4.11	4	0	cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine	anticonvulsant; drug allergen
carbidopa carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	3.9	3	0	catechols; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
prednimustine Prednimustine: Ester of CHLORAMBUCIL and PREDNISOLONE used as a combination alkylating agent and synthetic steroid to treat various leukemias and other neoplasms. It causes gastrointestinal and bone marrow toxicity.	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
toloxatone toloxatone: oxazolidinone derivative; psychotropic drug; structure. toloxatone : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-toloxatone. It is a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor and antidepressant.. 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 3.	2.45	2	0	oxazolidinone; primary alcohol; toluenes
moricizine hydrochloride moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
moricizine Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.	3.85	3	0	carbamate ester; morpholines; phenothiazines	anti-arrhythmia drug
amygdalin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cyanogenic glycoside; disaccharide derivative; gentiobioside	plant metabolite
vidarabine phosphate Vidarabine Phosphate: An adenosine monophosphate analog in which ribose is replaced by an arabinose moiety. It is the monophosphate ester of VIDARABINE with antiviral and possibly antineoplastic properties.	2.67	3	0
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	4.27	5	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
bitolterol bitolterol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bitolterol : The di-4-toluate ester of (+-)-N-tert-butylnoradrenaline (colterol). A pro-drug for colterol, a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, bitolterol is used as its methanesulfonate salt for relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.	2.02	1	0	carboxylic ester; diester; ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; prodrug
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	15.41	109	11	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
feprazone Feprazone: A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
pirprofen pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure	3.87	3	0	pyrroline
sisomicin Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).	2.45	2	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic; beta-L-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative
amdinocillin Amdinocillin: An amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action.. mecillinam : A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria.	2.45	2	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
4-ipomeanol 4-ipomeanol: lung-toxic furanoterpenoid produced in moldy sweet potatoes in response to fungus infection; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.01	1	0	aromatic ketone
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	3.43	7	0	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
proroxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	6.01	20	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
etomidate ethnor: an adsorbable haemostatic bone sealant	2.13	1	0	imidazoles
buspirone hydrochloride buspirone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of buspirone and hydrogen chloride.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
etoposide [no description available]	6.19	24	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	2	1	0	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
propafenone hydrochloride propafenone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of propafenone. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	4.41	6	0	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.	2.96	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
trimazosin trimazosin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
etazolate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
butaclamol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	amino alcohol; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
penbutolol Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.	4.08	4	0	ethanolamines
etidocaine Etidocaine: A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.. etidocaine : An amino acid amide in which 2-[ethyl(propyl)amino]butanoic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. Used as a local anaesthetic (amide caine), it has rapid onset and long action properties, similar to bupivacaine, and is given by injection during surgical procedures and during labour and delivery.	2.04	1	0	amino acid amide	local anaesthetic
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	8.93	79	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
adinazolam adinazolam: structure in first source. adinazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a dimethylaminomethyl group at the 1-position, a phenyl group at the 6-position and a chloro substituent at the 8-position.	2.74	3	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; sedative
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	4.26	5	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.	1.99	1	0	butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
tolamolol [no description available]	2.04	1	0
carbidopa [no description available]	2.45	2	0	catechols; hydrate; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	4.4	6	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	4.1	4	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
guanadrel guanadrel: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanadrel : A spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of the keto group of cyclohexanone with the hydroxy groups of 1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)guanidine. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).	2.02	1	0	guanidines; spiroketal	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	5.02	12	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
pyridoxal phosphate [no description available]	2.6	1	0	pyridinecarbaldehyde
tocainide Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	3.14	5	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic; sodium channel blocker
sulbenicillin Sulbenicillin: Semisynthetic penicillin-type antibiotic.. sulbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-[phenyl(sulfo)acetamido] side-chain.	2.45	2	0	penicillin
bezafibrate [no description available]	2.49	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	3.84	11	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	4.94	11	0	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
nimustine Nimustine: Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.. nimustine : An organochlorine compound that is urea in which the two hydrogens on one of the amino groups are replaced by nitroso and 2-chloroethyl groups and one hydrogen from the other amino group is replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-ylmethyl] group. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.	2.04	1	0	aminopyrimidine; N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
levobunolol Levobunolol: The L-Isomer of bunolol.. levobunolol : A cyclic ketone that is 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-one substituted at position 5 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group (the S-enantiomer). A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclic ketone; propanolamine	antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
lonidamine lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively.	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene; indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; antispermatogenic agent; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
vecuronium bromide Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	2.73	3	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; androstane; quaternary ammonium ion	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
dexibuprofen dexibuprofen: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	ibuprofen	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.	4.1	4	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
picobenzide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.44	2	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
exifone [no description available]	3.59	2	0	benzophenones
quisqualic acid Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
pirfenidone pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	2.45	2	0	pyridone	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefloquine (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.	3.23	1	0	[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol	antimalarial
desogestrel Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
flecainide acetate flecainide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining flecainide with one molar equivalent of acetic acid. An antiarrhythmic agent used to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	2.47	2	0	acetate salt	anti-arrhythmia drug
meptazinol Meptazinol: A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.	2.45	2	0	azepanes
nicardipine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	dihydropyridine	geroprotector
triadimenol triadimenol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butane-1,2-diol substituted at position O1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group. A fungicide for cereals, beet and brassicas used to control a range of diseases including powdery mildew, rusts, bunts and smuts.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; hemiaminal ether; monochlorobenzenes; secondary alcohol; triazole fungicide	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
muzolimine Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene
butibufen butibufen: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	monoterpenoid
nitazoxanide nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug	3.95	3	0	benzamides; carboxylic ester
sufentanil Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	4.25	5	0	anilide; ether; piperidines; thiophenes	anaesthesia adjuvant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
acarbose [no description available]	3.61	2	0	tetrasaccharide derivative	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
torsemide Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.	4.4	6	0	aminopyridine; N-sulfonylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; loop diuretic
medroxalol medroxalol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.04	1	0	salicylamides
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	4.28	5	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
spiromustine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
cefmetazole Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
desflurane Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.	2.44	2	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
diaziquone diaziquone: RN given refers to parent cpd. diaziquone : A 1,4-benzoquinone that is substituted at positions 2 and 5 have been replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups and at positions 3 and 6 by (ethoxycarbonyl)amino groups.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; aziridines; carbamate ester; enamine	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
lorcainide [no description available]	3.15	5	0	acetamides
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	4.54	7	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
ceforanide ceforanide: RN given refers to (6R-(trans))-isomer. ceforanide : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with {[1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and 2-(aminomethyl)phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is effective against many coliforms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus, and most strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Hemophilus, Citrobacter and Arizona species.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
cefonicid Cefonicid: A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.. cefonicid : A cephalosporin bearing {[1-(sulfomethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.43	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	4.4	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	4.54	7	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triciribine phosphate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	5.24	15	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.	4.06	4	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
staurosporine [no description available]	2.79	3	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
terazosin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available]	2.47	2	0
foscarnet sodium trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	2.93	4	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antiviral drug
lodoxamide [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
oltipraz oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.	2.6	1	0	1,2-dithiole; pyrazines	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimutagen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; neurotoxin; protective agent; schistosomicide drug
atracurium Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.	4.07	4	0	diester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
atracurium besylate atracurium besylate : The bisbenzenesulfonate salt of atracurium.	2.08	1	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
butoconazole butoconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. butoconazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]butyl group. An antifungal agent, it is used as its nitrate salt in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.	2.02	1	0	aryl sulfide; conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
moxalactam Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin; oxacephem	antibacterial drug
nicorandil Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.	2.47	2	0	nitrate ester; pyridinecarboxamide	potassium channel opener; vasodilator agent
endralazine BQ 22-708: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	benzamides
naftifine naftifine: allylamine der; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. naftifine : A tertiary amine in which the nitrogen is substituted by methyl, alpha-naphthylmethyl, and (1E)-cinnamyl groups. It is used (usually as its hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	allylamine antifungal drug; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
bw-755c 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.	2.04	1	0
pergolide Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	3.56	2	0	diamine; methyl sulfide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
pergolide mesylate pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	2.77	3	0	methanesulfonate salt	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; geroprotector
ranitidine hydrochloride label : A role played by a part of a molecular entity distinguishable by the observer but not by the system and used to identify a tracer.	2.03	1	0
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	2.42	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.54	7	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
encainide Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.	3.14	5	0	benzamides; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
talniflumate talniflumate: an anti-inflammatory molecule for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma	2.08	1	0	benzofurans
fenoldopam mesylate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	benzazepine
cerm-1978 bepridil hydrochloride : The hydrochloride of bepridil.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride
tiotidine tiotidine: UD gives slightly different structure for this cpd; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.42	2	0	thiazoles
nedocromil Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS.	2.44	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fiacitabine fiacitabine: anti-herpes virus agent which also inhibits growth of certain human tumor cell lines in vitro.	4.47	7	0
fialuridine [no description available]	5.35	18	0
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.4	6	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
bucindolol bucindolol: an indolyl-tert-butyl-phenoxypropanolamine benzonitrile derivative	2.04	1	0
pefloxacin Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.	3.31	6	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	4.75	9	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.	3.59	2	0	piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
alo 2145 apraclonidine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of apraclonidine.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug
haloperidol decanoate [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
dazoxiben hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cefotetan Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.	4.41	6	0
recainam recainam: structure given in first source	2.97	4	0
lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).	5.01	12	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug
flupirtine flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.15	5	0	aminopyridine
tolrestat tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source	3.87	3	0	naphthalenes	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
enoximone Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.	3.15	5	0	aromatic ketone
stepronin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.45	2	0
levocabastine levocabastine: for the temporary relief of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis	2.02	1	0	piperidines
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	4.67	8	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
idazoxan Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.	2.97	4	0	benzodioxine; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
remoxipride Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.	3.15	5	0	dimethoxybenzene
balsalazide balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.	3.23	1	0
pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	4.95	11	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic
cabergoline Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.	3.85	3	0	N-acylurea	antineoplastic agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
caracemide [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bambuterol bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.	2.44	2	0	carbamate ester; phenylethanolamines	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
atomoxetine hydrochloride Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	4.25	5	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	4.25	5	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
alpidem [no description available]	3.59	2	0	imidazoles
raloxifene hydrochloride Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
gepirone gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	4.27	5	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
desciclovir [no description available]	1.97	1	0
5-propynylarabinofuranosyluracil 5-propynylarabinofuranosyluracil: potent inhibitor of VZV	3.79	3	0
itraconazole Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.	3.84	4	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; N-arylpiperazine; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
quinpirole hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-deazaguanine 3-deazaguanine: structure	2.11	1	0
trospectomycin trospectomycin: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; RN refers to 2R-(2alpha,4abeta,5abeta,6beta,7beta,8beta,9beta,9alpha,9aalpha,10abeta)-(9CI)-isomer	2.04	1	0	dioxanes
imazodan imazodan: RN & structure given in first source;	2.03	1	0
cilazapril, anhydrous Cilazapril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.. cilazapril : A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; pyridazinodiazepine	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
fosphenytoin fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source	3.56	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
salmeterol xinafoate Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.	2.08	1	0	naphthoic acid
ranolazine Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.	3.73	2	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; secondary alcohol
brequinar brequinar : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline substituted by 2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl, methyl, carboxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. It is an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that is required for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The compound exhibits antineoplastic and antiviral properties.	2.6	1	0	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
finasteride Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.	4.54	7	0	3-oxo steroid; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	androgen antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	3.89	3	0	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
sematilide sematilide: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source	2.74	3	0
esmolol methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.	4.41	6	0	aromatic ether; ethanolamines; methyl ester; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
clinafloxacin clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl	2.74	3	0	quinolines
sertindole sertindole : A phenylindole that is 1H-indole which is substituted on the nitrogen by a p-chlorophenyl group, at position 5 by chlorine, and at position 3 by a piperidin-4-yl group, which is itself substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl group.	2.08	1	0	heteroarylpiperidine; imidazolidinone; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; phenylindole	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
adapalene Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.	2.45	2	0	adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid	dermatologic drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	11.28	19	0	6-aminopurines; ether; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent
loxiglumide loxiglumide: cholecystokinin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source	2.45	2	0	organic molecular entity
aromasil [no description available]	3.61	2	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sparfloxacin [no description available]	3.43	7	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone
zileuton [no description available]	4.26	5	0	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	3.59	2	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.	16.67	277	7	phosphonic acids; pyrimidone	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; photosensitizing agent
tiagabine Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.	4.08	4	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid; tertiary amino compound; thiophenes	anticonvulsant; GABA reuptake inhibitor
mibefradil dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.	3.15	5	0	tetralins	T-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.	10.15	8	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
tenidap tenidap: structure given in first source; RN refers to (Z)-isomer	2.47	2	0
bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.	4.67	8	0	aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celgosivir celgosivir: inhibits glycoprotein processing & the growth of HIVs	2.6	1	0
gemcitabine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride; organofluorine compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent
gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.	11.04	13	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
ibutilide ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt	4.06	4	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
aripiprazole Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.	3.87	3	0	aromatic ether; delta-lactam; dichlorobenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone	drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic agonist
remifentanil Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.	4.06	4	0	alpha-amino acid ester; anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidinecarboxylate ester	intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; sedative
atorvastatin calcium anhydrous [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic calcium salt
atorvastatin [no description available]	3.85	3	0	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
befloxatone befloxatone: selectively inhibits monoamine oxidase A; structure in first source; RN given refers to (R)-isomer	2.06	1	0
lamivudine [no description available]	9.98	42	2	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol	allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.	2.08	1	0	duloxetine hydrochloride	antidepressant
duloxetine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	duloxetine
irinotecan [no description available]	10.39	10	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
aptiganel hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	4.78	9	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibandronic acid Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.58	2	0
ziprasidone ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.	4.41	6	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
zanamivir Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.	5.45	11	0	guanidines	antiviral agent; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
zolmitriptan zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.	4.26	5	0	oxazolidinone; tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
adefovir dipivoxil bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	5.04	7	0	6-aminopurines; carbonate ester; ether; organic phosphonate	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent; prodrug
emtricitabine Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.	3.95	3	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidone	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source	3.89	3	0	biphenyls
tiludronic acid tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	organochlorine compound
tirofiban Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.	3.85	3	0	L-tyrosine derivative; piperidines; sulfonamide	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.	3.59	2	0	carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	4.52	7	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
phenelzine sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-benzoquinone 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-benzoquinone: structure	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones
octyl gallate [no description available]	2.6	1	0	gallate ester	food antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
tobramycin sulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group.	2.49	2	0	6-aminopurines	cytokinin; plant metabolite
morzid morzid: structure	2.04	1	0	morpholines
fluoxetine hydrochloride fluoxetine hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride; N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine
paroxetine hydrochloride paroxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of paroxetine. It is an antidepressant drug.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
propranolol hydrochloride Inderex: combination of above cpds; used in treatment of hypertension	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride
bupropion hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0	aromatic ketone
cisatracurium cisatracurium: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha(1'R,2'R)))-isomer. cisatracurium : A diester that is the (1R,1'R,2R,2'R)-diastereoisomer of atracurium, a quaternary ammonium ion consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxy functions bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups. The active species in the skeletal muscle relaxant cisatracurium besylate.	2.04	1	0	diester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
halofuginone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinazolines
diltiazem hydrochloride Carex: fluoride (1.8%) containing varnish; no further information available 8/91. diltiazem hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of diltiazem and hydrogen chloride. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	2.77	3	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fosinoprilat fosinoprilat: active phosphinic acid metabolite of prodrug fosenopril, which is activated by esterases in vivo; structure given in first source; binds zinc with phosphinic acid group. fosinoprilat : A phosphinic acid-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. An inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), it is used as the phosphinate ester pro-drug fosinopril for treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure.	2.04	1	0	L-proline derivative; phosphinic acids	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ortho-cept ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne	2.05	1	0
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	4.67	8	0
verapamil hydrochloride verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.	2.47	2	0
cefprozil [no description available]	4.06	4	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
doxazosin mesylate Cardura: Trade name in United States.	2.77	3	0	methanesulfonate salt	geroprotector
terfenadine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
methylprednisolone aceponate methylprednisolone aceponate: RN given for (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
dexamethasone 17-valerate dexamethasone 17-valerate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
dexamethasone dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
febrifugine febrifugine: antimalarials; structure	2.04	1	0	quinazolines
efavirenz efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	4.68	8	0	acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	11.65	9	1	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
amantadine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antiviral agent; dopamine agonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
doxapram hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	central nervous system stimulant
2',3'-dideoxycytidinene 2',3'-dideoxycytidinene: 2',3'-unsaturated derivative of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine; potent inhibitor of HTLV-III in vitro; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
mevastatin mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.	2.46	2	0	2-pyranones; carboxylic ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; Penicillium metabolite
bupivacaine hydrochloride bupivacaine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine hydrochloride and levobupivacaine hydrochloride. The monohydrate form is commonly used as a local anaesthetic.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride; racemate	adrenergic antagonist; amphiphile; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; local anaesthetic
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
fenofibric acid fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; chlorobenzophenone; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.	2.04	1	0	pyridinecarboxamide	metabolite
meglumine antimoniate Meglumine Antimoniate: ANTIMONY salt of meglumine that is used in the treatment of LEISHMANIASIS.	2.06	1	0
xanthosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	purines D-ribonucleoside; xanthosines	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.	2.05	1	0	anhydro sugar	human metabolite
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.	3.88	12	0	organic bromide salt	colorimetric reagent; dye
thymidine 5'-triphosphate thymidine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd. dTTP : A thymidine phosphate having a triphosphate group at the 5'-position.	1.98	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; thymidine phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
betulinic acid [no description available]	2.85	3	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite
arctigenin arctigenin: precursor to catechols; in many plants	2.52	2	0	lignan
baicalin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug
9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine [no description available]	3.11	5	0
abbott 77003 Abbott 77003: a symmetry-based inhibitor of HIV-1 protease	2.91	1	0
plerixafor plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.	3.95	3	0	azacycloalkane; azamacrocycle; benzenes; crown amine; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist; immunological adjuvant
amprenavir [no description available]	4.44	6	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.	6.36	20	0	acetamides; amino acid ester; cyclohexenecarboxylate ester; primary amino compound	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; prodrug; xenobiotic
allicin [no description available]	2.02	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; sulfoxide	antibacterial agent
diacetylfluorescein [no description available]	1.97	1	0
thymine arabinoside thymine arabinoside: selectively inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus	3.25	6	0	N-glycosyl compound
ibacitabine ibacitabine: antiherpetic agent	2.41	2	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
2'-deoxyuridylic acid 2'-deoxyuridylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	0	deoxyuridine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	2.6	1	0	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
fluorexon fluorexon: structure	1.99	1	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
isoguanosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	purine nucleoside
psicofuranine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	psicose derivative; purine nucleoside
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside: enzyme substrate for beta-galactosidase. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactoside : An indolyl carbohydrate that is the beta-D-galactoside of 3-hydroxy-1H-indole in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. It is used to test for the presence of an enzyme, beta-galactosidase, which cleaved the glycosidic bond to give 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-indole, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product.	2.41	2	0	beta-D-galactoside; D-aldohexose derivative; indolyl carbohydrate; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound	chromogenic compound
metaperiodate Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent.	1.97	1	0	iodine oxoacid
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.	2.6	1	0	gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger
aristeromycin aristeromycin: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha,3beta,5alpha)-isomer	1.97	1	0
o-(6)-methylguanine O-(6)-methylguanine: structure. 6-O-methylguanine : A methylguanine in which the methyl group is positioned on the oxygen at position 6. Formed in DNA by alkylation of the oxygen atom of guanine, most often by N-nitroso compounds and sometimes due to methylation by other compounds such as endogenous S-adenosylmethionine, it base-pairs to thymine rather than cytidine, causing a G:C to A:T transition in DNA.. methylguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is guanine bearing a single methyl substituent.	2.07	1	0	methylguanine	mutagen
cephalotaxine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; cyclic acetal; enol ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
dobutamine hydrochloride dobutamine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dobutamine. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
desipramine hydrochloride desipramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of desipramine.	2.81	3	0	hydrochloride	drug allergen
mefloquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.6	1	0	hydrochloride
ticlopidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.51	2	0	hydrochloride
dopamine hydrochloride P 498: structure in first source; do not confuse with dopamine chloride, also known as P 498	2.47	2	0	catecholamine
proadifen hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
epirubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.08	1	0
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	2.05	1	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate: inhibits thymidylate kinase	2.06	1	0
triciribine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue	EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1	2.43	2	0	purine nucleoside
iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.	2.43	2	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
sulconazole, mononitrate, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.13	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; organic nitrate salt
5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.43	2	0
histamine phosphate histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.	3.23	1	0	phosphate salt	histamine agonist
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	3.79	3	0	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
acetylcholine bromide acetylcholine bromide : The bromide salt of acetylcholine.	2.13	1	0	bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt
imipramine n-oxide imipramine N-oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
tilbroquinol [no description available]	3.59	2	0	organohalogen compound; quinolines
bendamustine [no description available]	3.86	3	0	benzimidazoles
erdosteine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.	2.63	2	0	epoxide; ethyl ester; L-leucine derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticoronaviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor
droxicam droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.	3.59	2	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; pyridines	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prodrug
trofosfamide trofosfamide: cyclophosphamide analog; structure	2.04	1	0	ifosfamides
propazole propazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.6	1	0	benzimidazoles
metrifudil [no description available]	2.03	1	0
rutecarpine rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules	2.03	1	0	beta-carbolines
4-aminobenzoic acid-n-xyloside 4-aminobenzoic acid-N-xyloside: K 247 refers to Na salt; RN given refers to (D)-isomer	2.04	1	0
tryptamide tryptamide: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
fotrin fotrin: ethyleneamine derivative; antineoplastic; Russian drug; structure	2.04	1	0
sufosfamide sufosfamide: stronger immunosuppressive activity than cyclophosphamide; structure	2.04	1	0
ebrotidine ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector	3.59	2	0	sulfonamide
mizolastine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
dexloxiglumide dexloxiglumide: a CCK receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.74	3	0	glutamic acid derivative
prulifloxacin prulifloxacin: structure given in first source	2.6	1	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic
intoplicine intoplicine: structure in first source	2.45	2	0	pyridoindole
pazufloxacin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	quinolines
repaglinide [no description available]	4.41	6	0	piperidines
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	4.87	10	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aralkylamine
oxyphencyclimine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrimidines
thioridazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	first generation antipsychotic; geroprotector
diphenylpyraline hydrochloride diphenylpyraline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenylpyraline. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist
bergenin bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure	2.6	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
procainamide hydrochloride procainamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride which has procainamide as the amino component.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
siquil [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent
mepivacaine hydrochloride mepivacaine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mepivacaine. It is used as a local anaesthetic.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride; piperidinecarboxamide	local anaesthetic
sotalol hydrochloride sotalol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is the monohydrochloride of sotalol. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
oxymetazoline hydrochloride oxymetazoline hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar quantities of oxymetazoline and hydrogen chloride. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used to relieve nasal congestion.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
propatyl nitrate propatyl nitrate: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	nitrate ester
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.95	4	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
diphenidol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
alprenolol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
edoxudin [no description available]	3.11	5	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.	2.97	4	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
6-ketoestradiol [no description available]	2.13	1	0
17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
amizyl [no description available]	2.13	1	0
chloranilic acid chloranilic acid: structure	2.05	1	0
salicylhydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phenols	antibacterial drug; EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor; trypanocidal drug
naphthol as naphthol AS: azo dye coupling component implicated in occupational pigmented contact dermatitis; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure	2	1	0
naphthol as-e naphthol AS-E: inhibits the KIX-KID interaction; structure in first source	2	1	0
sulfamidochrysoidine sulfamidochrysoidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. prontosil : A diphenyldiazene compound having two amino substituents at the 2- and 4-positions and an aminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. It was the first antibacterial drug, (introduced 1935) and the first of the sulfonamide antibiotics.	2.04	1	0
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate: RN given refers to the (17alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0
fluphenazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent
propamidine isethionate propamidine isethionate : A guanidinium salt obtained by combining propamidine with two molar equivalents of isethionic acid. Used for the treatment of minor eye or eyelid infections, such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis.	1.98	1	0	guanidinium salt; organosulfonate salt	antimicrobial agent; antiseptic drug
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	phenanthroline
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	3.18	5	0	1,2,3-triazole
tryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0
dyclonine hydrochloride dyclonine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	topical anaesthetic
nebularine nebularine: structure. nebularine : A purine ribonucleoside that is 9H-purine attached to a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue at position 9 via a glycosidic (N-glycosyl) linkage.	2.05	1	0	purine ribonucleoside; purines D-ribonucleoside	fungal metabolite
clomipramine hydrochloride clomipramine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of clomipramine and hydrogen chloride. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug
amiloride hydrochloride amiloride hydrochloride dihydrate : A hydrate that is the dihydrate of amiloride hydrochloride.	2.03	1	0	hydrate	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
prazosin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
mianserin hydrochloride mianserin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mianserin, a tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	geroprotector
miconazole nitrate miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.51	2	0
ibopamine ibopamine: structure given in UD 31;67a & in 2nd source	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; phenols
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate: binds to albumin at 2 sites	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; steroid sulfate	antineoplastic agent; estrogen
econazole nitrate econazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole nitrate. Used to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.	2.13	1	0
toltrazuril toltrazuril: structure in first source	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether
medetomidine Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.	2.05	1	0	imidazoles
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	5.34	10	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	4.07	4	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
lomefloxacin hydrochloride lomefloxacin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin. It is administered by mouth to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used topically as eye drops for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, and as ear drops for the treatment of otitis externa and otitis media.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
fenspiride hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nilverm [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
sanguinarine chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
picosulfate sodium picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfate; pyridines
cefcanel cefcanel: RN given refers to (6R-(6 alpha,7 beta(R*)))-isomer; structure	2.45	2	0
pumitepa pumitepa: structure; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	2.04	1	0
arbekacin arbekacin: structure given in first source. arbekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B bearing an N-(2S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group on the aminocyclitol ring.	2.06	1	0	aminoglycoside; kanamycins	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
ibuproxam ibuproxam: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6312. ibuproxam : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ibuprofen with the amino group of hydroxylamine. Used for treatment of pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders.	2.06	1	0	hydroxamic acid	iron chelator; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ropinirole hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles
zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.	4.44	6	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles	bone density conservation agent
epristeride epristeride: structure given in first source	2.74	3	0	steroid acid
talinolol [no description available]	2.74	3	0	ureas
elmustine elmustine: structure	2.04	1	0
artemisinin (+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	3.26	5	0	organic peroxide; sesquiterpene lactone	antimalarial; plant metabolite
plasmenylserine plasmenylserine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. O-phospho-L-serine : The L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.. O-phosphoserine : A serine derivative that is serine substituted at the oxygen atom by a phosphono group.	2.03	1	0	O-phosphoserine	EC 1.4.7.1 [glutamate synthase (ferredoxin)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.49 (O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
brinzolamide brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent	2.58	2	0	sulfonamide; thienothiazine	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dienogest [no description available]	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; aliphatic nitrile; steroid hormone	progesterone receptor agonist; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
drospirenone drospirenone: a progestational compound with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; steroid lactone	aldosterone antagonist; contraceptive drug; progestin
forphenicinol [no description available]	2.04	1	0
artemether Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.49	2	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; organic peroxide; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial
2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde [no description available]	2.13	1	0
5-aminovaleric acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-phenylimidazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0
2-Oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzenes
morphazinamide morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index	2.05	1	0	morpholines; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide
n-acetyltryptamine N-acetyltryptamine: antagonizes the melatonin-induced inhibition of dopamine release from retina; RN given refers to parent cpd. N-acetyltryptamine : A tryptamine compound having an acetyl substituent attached to the side-chain amino function.	2.03	1	0	acetamides; indoles
6-methylthioguanine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; thiopurine	human xenobiotic metabolite
D-serine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	D-alpha-amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
D-alanine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; D-alpha-amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
dipropylacetamide dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.	2.52	2	0	fatty amide	geroprotector; metabolite; teratogenic agent
denaverine denaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	diarylmethane
pafenolol pafenolol: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
acamprosate Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.	3.59	2	0	acetamides; organosulfonic acid	environmental contaminant; neurotransmitter agent; xenobiotic
isaxonine isaxonine: promotes nerve growth	3.59	2	0	aminopyrimidine
dihydroergotamine mesylate dihydroergotamine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergotamine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine. Both the mesylate and the tartrate salts are used for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	2.03	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
oxprenolol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.6	1	0
n-methylscopolamine N-Methylscopolamine: A muscarinic antagonist used to study binding characteristics of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.	2.46	2	0
enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.	2.13	1	0	cyclopropanes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
diprafenone diprafenone: structure given in first source	2.45	2	0	aromatic compound
erythromycin propionate erythromycin propionate: form in which erythromycin estolate is principally absorbed	2.02	1	0	erythromycin derivative
ranolazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nebivolol 2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.	3.58	2	0	chromanes; diol; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
uk 68798 [no description available]	4.26	5	0	aromatic ether; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; potassium channel blocker
ljc 10627 biapenem: structure given in first source. biapenem : A carbapenem antibiotic in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazolium-6-ylthio substituents respectively.	2.45	2	0	carbapenems; organic sulfide; pyrazolotriazole	antibacterial drug
hp 873 iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.	3.61	2	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; monoamine; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.	4.25	5	0	razoxane	antineoplastic agent; cardiovascular drug; chelator; immunosuppressive agent
clobetasone butyrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
loxapine succinate [no description available]	2.77	3	0	succinate salt	geroprotector
guanfacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	acetamides	geroprotector
pirenzepine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride
labetalol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	salicylamides
diflorasone diacetate diflorasone diacetate : The 17,21-diacetate derivative of diflorasone. It is used topically for its anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties in the treatment of various skin disorders.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
acecainide hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
loperamide hydrochloride loperamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining loperamide with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used for treatment of diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
fenoxypropazine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether
antebate betamethasone butyrate propionate: a topical corticosteroid	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
maprotiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	anthracenes
protoporphyrin ix, disodium salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
opipramol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.6	1	0
hydroxyzine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	9.98	11	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
inproquone inproquone: major descriptor (78-80); replaced major descriptor Bayer E39 (63-77); on-line search AZIRINES (66-80); Index Medicus search Bayer E39 (63-77), INPROQUONE (78-80)	2.04	1	0
betamipron [no description available]	2.99	4	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
moroxydine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	biguanides
bufuralol bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.74	3	0	benzofurans
uroxatral [no description available]	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride
aceclofenac [no description available]	3.88	3	0	amino acid; carboxylic ester; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
secnidazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; secondary alcohol	epitope
nitrefazole [no description available]	3.59	2	0	imidazoles
panipenem panipenem: synthetic cpd; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
perindoprilat perindoprilat : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of N-[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-norvaline with the amino group of (2S,3aS,7aS)-octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid. The major active metabolite of perindopril.	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide; L-alanine derivative; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
fluparoxan fluparoxan: structure given in first source	2.06	1	0
cyclobutyrol cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	bile therapy drug
thiocolchicoside [no description available]	2.08	1	0	glycoside
terlipressin terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.	2.05	1	0	polypeptide
icotidine icotidine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to tri-HCl	1.99	1	0	pyrimidone
siguazodan [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyridazinone
thioxolone tioxolone : A 1,3-benzoxathiole having a hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.	2.6	1	0	benzoxathiole	antiseborrheic
zidovudine triphosphate [no description available]	3.29	6	0
2-aminoadenosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	purine nucleoside
3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine 3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine: anti-HIV agent; RN & structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
9-(s)-(3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl)adenine [no description available]	3.52	8	0
9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine 9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine: RN refers to (S)-isomer	2.05	1	0
7-hydroxystaurosporine [no description available]	2.42	2	0
methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.	2.45	2	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; cholinergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
honokiol [no description available]	2.6	1	0	biphenyls
isoflavone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	isoflavones
chelerythrine chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
betulin betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.	2.21	1	0	diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; metabolite
clevudine [no description available]	2.46	2	0
nobiletin nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.	2.6	1	0	methoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
4'-thiothymidine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
lycorine lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.	2.6	1	0	indolizidine alkaloid	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
9-aminocamptothecin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline
leupeptin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aldehyde; tripeptide	bacterial metabolite; calpain inhibitor; cathepsin B inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor
sch 34343 Sch 34343: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (5R-(5alpha,6alpha))-isomer	2.45	2	0
squalamine squalamine: from dogfish shark Squalus acanthias; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	bile acid
neplanocin a neplanocin A: neplanocins are antitumor antibiotics & carbocyclic analogs of purine nucleosides from Ampullarilla regularis A11079; see also neplanocin B, neplanocin C, neplanocin D & neplanocin F; structure in first source; a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase	2.04	1	0
tetrandrine tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity	2.54	2	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine, (s)-isomer [no description available]	4.57	24	0
5-ethyluracil 5-ethyluracil: antagonist of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NADP)	1.98	1	0
doripenem Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.	3.61	2	0	carbapenems
5-(n-methyl-n-isobutyl)amiloride 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride: inhibitor of the Na+-H+ antiporter	2.03	1	0
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from anileridine and two molar equivalents of hydrogen chloride.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
amperozide hydrochloride amperozide hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of amperozide.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; dopamine uptake inhibitor; geroprotector; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
calpeptin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	amino acid amide
gliclazide 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid: a gap junction inhibitor	2.41	2	0
ergocornine ergocornine: a component of ergotoxine; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (75-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocornine : Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12' position, isopropyl groups at the 2' and 5'alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.13	1	0	ergot alkaloid
fangchinoline [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; macrocycle	anti-HIV-1 agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
agroclavine agroclavine: structure. agroclavine : An ergot alkaloid that is ergoline which contains a double bond between positions 8 and 9, and which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 6 and 8.	2.03	1	0	ergot alkaloid
maslinic acid (2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria	2.6	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
gallein gallein: do not confuse with gallin; structure. gallein : A xanthene dye that is fluoran carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3', 4', 5' and 6'.	2.11	1	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye	fluorochrome; G-protein-coupled receptor antagonist; histological dye
tetracyanoquinodimethane tetracyanoquinodimethane: structure. tetracyanoquinodimethane : A quinodimethane that is p-quinodimethane in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by cyano groups.	2.05	1	0	alicyclic compound; nitrile; quinodimethane
pramoxine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
atovaquone Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.	5.16	8	0	hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
s-methylisothiourea sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
p-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
butyrylcholine chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
1-ethoxysilatrane [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bendamustine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.62	2	0
1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase	2.13	1	0
rivastigmine [no description available]	4.08	4	0	carbamate ester; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan [no description available]	4.08	4	0	carbazoles
eletriptan eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.	3.58	2	0	indoles; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfone	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone [no description available]	4.55	7	0	aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones	EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug
tamiflu [no description available]	2.08	1	0	phosphate salt
glucose alpha-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->6)-alpha-D-glucan : An alpha-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->6) linkages.. (1->3)-alpha-D-glucan : An alpha-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.01	1	0	D-glucopyranose	mouse metabolite
methylenecyclopropane methylenecyclopropane: structure in first source	3.16	1	0
benzamidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
chloropyramine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
6-aminoindazole 6-aminoindazole: depresses gastric acid secretion; structure given in first source	2.13	1	0	indazoles
bexarotene [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent
s20098 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	acetamides
flunisolide flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones	2.45	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.21	1	0
ketorolac tromethamine Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.	2.93	4	0	organoammonium salt	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	6.76	12	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
loganin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; cyclopentapyran; enoate ester; iridoid monoterpenoid; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
5-aminoindazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0
methionine sulfoximine L-methionine sulfoximine : A methionine sulfoximine in which the amino group has S-stereochemistry.	2.03	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-methionine derivative; methionine sulfoximine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitor; geroprotector
tretazicar tretazicar: minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search AZIRIDINES (75-84)	5.35	7	0
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	3.75	10	0	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
nsc-172755 butocin: S-substituted analog of mercaptopurine which functions as a cytostatic agent; minor descriptor (75-85); on-line search 6-MERCAPTOPURINE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search MERCAPTOPURINE/analogs (75-84)	2.04	1	0
carbetapentane citrate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	carbonyl compound
moexipril [no description available]	4.1	4	0	peptide
phentolamine mesylate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
aucubin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
streptovitacin a streptovitacin A: structure	2.04	1	0
mephentermine sphinganine : A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.	2.03	1	0	2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5-bromouridine 5-bromouridine : A uridine having a bromo substituent at the 5-position.	1.99	1	0	uridines	mutagen
cadmium telluride cadmium telluride: used in radiation monitoring device	2.07	1	0
oxybutynin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
catalpol [no description available]	2.6	1	0	organic molecular entity	metabolite
gliquidone gliquidone: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.08	1	0	isoquinolines
2-methylhippuric acid 2-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of o-xylene. o-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the ortho-methyl derivative of hippuric acid.	2.13	1	0	N-acylglycine	metabolite
nimustine nimustine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining nimustine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
cordium bepridil hydrochloride monohydrate : The hydrochloride monohydrate of bepridril.	2.03	1	0	hydrate; hydrochloride
sk&f 95282 zolantidine: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	piperidines
L-2-aminoadipic acid L-2-aminoadipic acid : The L-enantiomer of 2-aminoadipic acid.	2.03	1	0	2-aminoadipic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
prilocaine hydrochloride prilocaine hydrochloride : The monohydrochloride salt of prilocaine.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	local anaesthetic
meclizine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
lekoptin (S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.	2.6	1	0	2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
cb 10375 trimelamol: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
mor-14 N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitor	2.03	1	0	hydroxypiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
mci 9038 [no description available]	3.58	2	0	peptide
lopinavir [no description available]	2.97	4	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
11-hydroxyprogesterone, (11alpha)-isomer 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 11alpha-hydroxy steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11.	2.13	1	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid
brexanolone brexanolone: a mixture of allopregnanolone and sulfobutylether‐beta‐cyclodextrin for treatment of postpartum depression. brexanolone : A 3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has alpha-configuration. It is a metabolite of the sex hormone progesterone and used for the treatment of postpartum depression in women.	2.03	1	0	3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one	antidepressant; GABA modulator; human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
malic acid, (r)-isomer (R)-malic acid : An optically active form of malic acid having (R)-configuration.	2.13	1	0	malic acid
21-deoxycortisol 21-deoxycortisol: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; structure. 21-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; deoxycortisol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite
estrone 3-methyl ether estrone 3-methyl ether: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure	2.13	1	0
e-250 [no description available]	2.13	1	0
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate: a monoglyceride of capric acid. 1-monodecanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has decanoyl (capryl) as the acyl group.. rac-1-monodecanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-decanoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-decanoyl-sn-glycerol.	2.13	1	0	rac-1-monoacylglycerol
firefly luciferin Firefly Luciferin: A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).. Photinus luciferin : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid consisting of 3,5-dihydrothiophene-4-carboxylic acid having a 6-hydroxybenzothiazol-2-yl group at the 2-position.	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; benzothiazoles; imidothioate	luciferin
nipecotic acid amide nipecotic acid amide: RN & N1 form 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotamide : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of nipecotic acid with ammonia.	2.13	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide
6-chloropurine riboside [no description available]	2.05	1	0
bromodeoxyuridylate bromodeoxyuridylate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	0
glycylsarcosine glycylsarcosine : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine.	2.73	3	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide
carbenicillin indanyl carbenicillin indanyl: acid stable indanyl ester of carbenicillin for oral use; same side-effects as carbenicillin; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search CARBENICILLIN/AA (75-86); RN given refers to (mono-Na salt(2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer)	2.04	1	0	penicillin
phenylisopropyladenosine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; benzenes; hydrocarbyladenosine; purine nucleoside; secondary amino compound	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent
levcromakalim [no description available]	2.13	1	0	1-benzopyran
hexamethonium chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tachistin tachistin: a synthetic analog of dihydrotachysterol	2.13	1	0
cortisol octanoate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
2,6-diamino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)purine 2,6-diamino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)purine: adenosine deaminase converts above cpd to acylovir	1.97	1	0
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	2.03	1	0	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
cb 1837 CB 1837: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine 6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport	2.03	1	0
hexaphosphamide hexaphosphamide: structure	2.04	1	0
6'-o-methylguanosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
dipin dipin: structure	2.04	1	0
phosphazine phosphazine: structure	2.04	1	0
8-aminoadenosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
quercetin 5,7,3',4'-tetramethyl ether quercetin 5,7,3',4'-tetramethyl ether : A tetramethoxyflavone that is the 5,7,3',4'-tetramethy-derivative of quercetin.	2.03	1	0	flavonols; tetramethoxyflavone	plant metabolite
bromotubercidin [no description available]	2.89	4	0
5-iodotubercidin 7-iodotubercidin: inhibits Toxoplasma gondii adenosine kinase	1.97	1	0	organoiodine compound
5-chlorotubercidin [no description available]	1.97	1	0
3-aminopropylphosphonic acid 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (3-aminopropyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorus of phosphonic acid is substituted by a 3-aminopropyl group. It is a partial agonist of GABAB receptors.	2.03	1	0	phosphonic acids; primary amino compound; zwitterion	GABAB receptor agonist
armepavine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
5'-n-methylcarboxamideadenosine 5'-N-methylcarboxamideadenosine: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer	2.03	1	0
diiodobenzotepa diiodobenzotepa: structure	2.04	1	0
diosgenin [no description available]	2.15	1	0	3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine: potent & selective in vivo antagonist of adenosine analogs	2.03	1	0
zpck ZPCK: alkylates histidine residue at active center of bovine chymotrypsin	2.03	1	0
icig 1163 ICIG 1163: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
arctiin arctiin: from fruits of Arctium lappa L; RN given refers to (3R-trans)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/92	2.03	1	0	glycoside; lignan
bimolane bimolane: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
thiodipin thiodipin: structure	2.04	1	0
n(6)-phenyladenosine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	purine nucleoside
fluoxydine fluoxydine: structure	2.04	1	0
moxifloxacin hydrochloride moxifloxacin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of moxifloxacin and hydrogen chloride.	2.08	1	0	hydrochloride	antibacterial drug
tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta)-isomer	2.03	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
imiphos imiphos: structure	2.04	1	0
n-methyladenosine N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.	2.78	3	0	methyladenosine
fulvestrant Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.	3.61	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist
mizoribine [no description available]	8.17	5	0	imidazoles	anticoronaviral agent
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane 1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer	2.03	1	0
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides	EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid: amino acid sequence of basic unit of widespread cellular recognition system	2.45	2	0	oligopeptide
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	4.21	5	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
alphaxalone alphaxalone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha)-isomer; structure	2.47	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
sr141716 [no description available]	2.47	2	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist
s-nitrosoglutathione [no description available]	2.03	1	0	glutathione derivative; nitrosothio compound	bronchodilator agent; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; signalling molecule
bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.	4.87	10	0	primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
bicuculline methiodide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cp-55,940 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
vanoxerine vanoxerine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of vanoxerine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent, competitive inhibitor of dopamine uptake (Ki = 1 nM for inhibition of striatal dopamine uptake). Has > 100-fold lower affinity for the noradrenalin and 5-HT uptake carriers. Also a potent sigma ligand (IC50 = 48 nM). Centrally active following systemic administration.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	dopamine uptake inhibitor
methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	beta-carbolines
selenomethionine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; selenomethionine	plant metabolite
artesunic acid [no description available]	2.98	4	0
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester: isolated from brain tissue & urine; extremely potent displacer of diazepam from brain benzodiazepam receptors; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines
u 69593 U 69593: selective ligand for opioid K-receptor. U69593 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of phenylacetic acid and the secodary amino group of (5R,7S,8S)-N-methyl-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine.	2.03	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine; organic heterobicyclic compound; oxaspiro compound	anti-inflammatory agent; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
valylvaline valylvaline: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Val-Val : A dipeptide formed from two L-valine residues.	2.53	2	0	dipeptide	Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
indobufen indobufen: thromboxane A2 antagonist	2.06	1	0	isoindoles
cv 3988 CV 3988: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	beta-carbolines
sivelestat sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source	2.52	2	0	N-acylglycine; pivalate ester
aldophosphamide aldophosphamide: metabolite of cyclophosphamide	2.04	1	0	nitrogen mustard
racecadotril racecadotril: parenterally active enkephalinase inhibitor	2.08	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
methoctramine methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	muscarinic antagonist
pyronaridine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aminoquinoline
1,1-dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol HU 211: structure given in first source; HU 211 is active & HU 210 is inactive as canibinoids; functional N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker; RN given is for (6aS-trans)-isomer	2.07	1	0
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	3.86	3	0	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
hypotaurine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aminosulfinic acid; zwitterion	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
tryptoline tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines
geniposide [no description available]	2.6	1	0	terpene glycoside
phorbol-12-myristate [no description available]	2	1	0
dihydrokainate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dicarboxylic acid
gabazine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
asulacrine asulacrine: derivative of amsacrine; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	acridines
gamma-fagarine gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source	2.13	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
cl 218872 CL 218872: shows specific action on benzodiazepine receptors; structure	2.03	1	0	pyridazines; ring assembly
betaxolol hydrochloride betaxolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of betaxolol.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
catechin (+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.	2.03	1	0	hydrate	geroprotector
hydroxycotinine hydroxycotinine: metabolite of nicotine; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. trans-3-hydroxycotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is cotinine substituted at position C-3 by a hydroxy group (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	2.04	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-phthalimido)butyl)piperazine NAN 190 hydrobromide : A hydrobromide obtained by reaction of NAN 190 with one equivalent of hydrobromic acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrobromide	serotonergic antagonist
s-methylthiocitrulline S-methylthiocitrulline: a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline : An L-arginine derivative in which the guanidino NH2 group of L-arginine is replaced by a methylsufanyl group.	2.03	1	0	imidothiocarbamic ester; L-arginine derivative; L-ornithine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
fingolimod fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.	2.05	1	0	aminodiol; primary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; CB1 receptor antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).	2.6	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative	plant metabolite
dihydrocapsaicin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	capsaicinoid
quinaprilat quinaprilat: metabolite of quinapril. quinaprilat : A dicarboxylic acid resulting from the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group of quinapril to give the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. The active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) of the prodrug quinapril.	2.74	3	0	dicarboxylic acid; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
Zearalanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	macrolide; resorcinols
ml 9 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-hydroxyimipramine 2-hydroxyimipramine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.45	2	0	dibenzoazepine
parthenolide [no description available]	2.46	2	0	germacranolide
ecteinascidin 743 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	acetate ester; azaspiro compound; bridged compound; hemiaminal; isoquinoline alkaloid; lactone; organic heteropolycyclic compound; organic sulfide; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; marine metabolite
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	1.99	1	0
tadalafil [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzodioxoles; pyrazinopyridoindole	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-2,5-piperazinedione 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-2,5-piperazinedione: isolated from Streptomyces griseoluteus fermentation broth; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.04	1	0
indolo(3,2-b)carbazole indolo(3,2-b)carbazole: potent inducer of cytochrome P-4501A1-dependent monooxygenase	2	1	0
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil 3',4'-dichlorobenzamil: inhibits Na-Ca exchange in membrane vesicle & papillary muscle preparations from guinea pig heart	2.03	1	0	guanidines; pyrazines
valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters.	2.01	1	0	short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	plant metabolite
oxymatrine oxysophoridine: an alkaloid isolated from Sophra alope; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	alkaloid; tertiary amine oxide
tanshinone tanshinone: from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; RN given refers to tanshinone I; cardioprotective agent and neuroprotective agent	2.02	1	0	abietane diterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane 1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane: structure given in first source; alkylthio acetic acid, non-beta-oxidizable	2.03	1	0	straight-chain fatty acid
ponasterone a ponasterone A: RN given refers to (2 beta,3 beta,5 beta,22R)-isomer	2.05	1	0	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 6-oxo steroid; phytoecdysteroid
paliperidone 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.	3.6	2	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine; secondary alcohol
sophocarpine [no description available]	2.48	2	0
2-iodomelatonin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides
nitisinone [no description available]	3.59	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; cyclohexanones; mesotrione	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
plavix [no description available]	2.08	1	0	azaheterocycle sulfate salt; organoammonium sulfate salt	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
butethamate citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
arcaine, sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
marimastat marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.	2.54	2	0	hydroxamic acid; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
prunasin prunasin: cyanogenic glycoside; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2	1	0	prunasin
clofarabine [no description available]	4.3	5	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
dioscin [no description available]	2.15	1	0	hexacyclic triterpenoid; spiroketal; spirostanyl glycoside; trisaccharide derivative	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite
4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	piperidines
elacridar Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source	2.6	1	0
gr 113808 GR 113808: structure given in first source; a 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist: GR 125487 is the HCl salt. GR 113808 : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 1-methylindole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of N-{2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}methanesulfonamide.	2.03	1	0	indolyl carboxylate ester; piperidines; sulfonamide	serotonergic antagonist
1,1,2-trichloroethanol 1,1,2-trichloroethanol: metabolite of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene	2.04	1	0
gallopamil hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
gamma-glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
buthionine sulfoximine L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine : A 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid which has S-configuration. It is a inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis and is capable of enhancing the apoptotic effects of several chemotherapeutic agents.	2.03	1	0	2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
pramipexole Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.	3.61	2	0	benzothiazoles; diamine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; radical scavenger
valdecoxib [no description available]	3.61	2	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
histamine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
wr 99210 BRL 6231: RN given refers to parent cpd; NM & N1 refer to HCl; synonym BRL 51084 refers to (mono-HBr); structure	2.42	2	0
sb 204070a SB 204070A: structure given in first source; a selective 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
mitiglinide mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine LY 165163: structure given in first source; a serotonin agonist. LY-165163 : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a selective 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist and 5-HT1D serotonin receptor antagonist.	2.03	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; primary arylamine; substituted aniline	geroprotector; serotonergic agonist
wye [no description available]	3.09	1	0
l 655240 L 655240: thromboxane and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given is for parent cpd	2.03	1	0	methylindole
cyclobut a cyclobut A: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (1alpha,2beta,3alpha)-(+-)-isomer	1.97	1	0
(3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium (3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium: a cationic lipid; RN refers to bromide salt	1.99	1	0
san 58035 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate [no description available]	1.99	1	0	acetate ester	fluorochrome
4-amino-5-bromo-7-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine 4-amino-5-bromo-7-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine: structure given in first source; 5-bromotubercidin in which the ribose is replaced by 2-hydroxyethoxymethyl	2.4	2	0
celastrol [no description available]	2.6	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite
cyclic-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine cyclic-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine: prodrug for HPMPC; specific name and structure not given in first source	3.28	6	0
carbene carbene: electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons; carbene is the name of the parent hydride :CH2 ; hence, the name dichlorocarbene for :CCl2. However, names for acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more divalent carbon atoms are derived from the name of the corresponding all-4-hydrocarbon using the suffix -ylidene; methylene carbene also available. carbene : The electrically neutral species H2C(2.) and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state).	1.99	1	0	carbene; methanediyl
1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.	2.44	2	0	methanesulfonate salt	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
almotriptan almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.	4.08	4	0	indoles; sulfonamide; tertiary amine	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
mk 0663 [no description available]	2.75	3	0	bipyridines; organochlorine compound; sulfone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gefitinib [no description available]	4.94	6	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)	2.63	2	0	leucine derivative
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	3.59	2	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
nnc 711 NNC 711: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
4-carboxyfluorescein [no description available]	1.99	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	fluorochrome
antibiotic g 418 antibiotic G 418: from Micromonospora rhodorangea	4.63	10	0
4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-n,n-diethylbenzamide 4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-diethylbenzamide: a highly-selective, nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
vadimezan vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.	2.6	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; xanthones	antineoplastic agent
e 64 E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)	2.52	2	0	dicarboxylic acid monoamide; epoxy monocarboxylic acid; guanidines; L-leucine derivative; zwitterion	antimalarial; antiparasitic agent; protease inhibitor
desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.	3.9	3	0	benzocycloheptapyridine	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid: activates neuronal metabotropic receptors; RN given refers to (trans-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 10/93	2.03	1	0
6-methoxypurine arabinoside [no description available]	3.11	1	0
solutol hs 15 Solutol HS 15: multidrug resistance modification agent in tumor cells; polyoxyethylene esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid; previous RN 105109-85-1	2.07	1	0	aliphatic alcohol
1,n(2)-ethenoguanosine 1,N(2)-ethenoguanosine: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
desvenlafaxine O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.	3.23	1	0	cyclohexanols; phenols; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
pre 084 2-(4-morpholino)ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	morpholines
iremycin iremycin: anthracycline antibiotic from Streptomyces violaceus subsp. iremyceticus; RN given refers to parent cpd(7R-trans)-isomer	2.04	1	0
methotrexate [no description available]	8.75	36	1	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol 1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol: irreversibly inactivates the dihydroalprenolol binding site; alprenolol analog; isopropylamino group of alprenolol replaced by 8-bromoacetylamino-1-amino-p-menthane moiety in the 1 position; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
n,n'-bis((2-chloroethyl)nitrosocarbamoyl)cystamine N,N'-bis((2-chloroethyl)nitrosocarbamoyl)cystamine: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
hainanensine hainanensine: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
sr 2640 SR 2640: leukotriene D4 and E4 antagonist	2.03	1	0	quinolines
tamsulosin [no description available]	4.42	6	0	5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antineoplastic agent
rufinamide rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	aromatic amide; heteroarene
ici 204448 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
l 663581 L 663581: structure given in first source; partial agonist at the benzodiazepine receptor	1.99	1	0
antiprimod azaspirane: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
sulbactam [no description available]	2.97	4	0	penicillanic acids
b 220 B 220: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
olmesartan medoxomil Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.	3.87	3	0	biphenyls
dexpanthenol dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid	3.23	1	0	amino alcohol; monocarboxylic acid amide	cholinergic drug; provitamin
umifenovir umifenovir: an antiviral agent	2.6	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
fosamprenavir fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide	prodrug
safinamide safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source	4.11	2	0	amino acid amide
4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride 4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride: has high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT3 receptors; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
n,n-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide N,N-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide: binds with high affinity to glial mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptors & increases mitochondrial steroidogenesis	2.03	1	0	phenylindole
ilomastat CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor	2.54	2	0	hydroxamic acid; L-tryptophan derivative; N-acyl-amino acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl n-acetyltryptophan 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl N-acetyltryptophan: structure given in first source; substance P and neurokinin receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
abiraterone [no description available]	2.08	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine 8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-5-nitrobenzonitrile [no description available]	2.02	1	0
l 741626 3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl-4-hydroxypiperidino)methyl)indole: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	piperidines
febuxostat Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.	3.9	3	0	1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile	EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
dilevalol (R,R)-labetalol : A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.	2.04	1	0	2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide
carbapenems [no description available]	2.11	1	0
nisoxetine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source	1.99	1	0	D-xylose
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
tilarginine acetate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid: identified in the convulsive period of cobalt-induced seizures from cat cerebral cortex; RN given for cpd with unspecified guanidino-locant	2.03	1	0	L-glutamic acid derivative
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-(+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.47	2	0
ritrosulfan ritrosulfan: RN given refers to parent cpd(R,S)-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0
imidazole-4-acetic acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	3.55	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
escitalopram Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.	3.23	1	0	1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile	antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
lexapro Lexapro: Trade name of escitalopram, the active S-enantiomer of the racemic citalopram.	2.08	1	0
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pteridines; terminal acetylenic compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel [no description available]	3.14	5	0	hydrate; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	4.43	6	0	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
irofulven irofulven: structure in first source	2.04	1	0	cyclohexenones
atazanavir atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).	3.93	3	0	carbohydrazide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
ym 872 YM 872: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
nsc-141549 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	10.28	9	0	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).	3.87	3	0	azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite
ertapenem Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.	3.58	2	0	carbapenemcarboxylic acid; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial drug
2'-o-methylcytidine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	methylcytidine
dx 8951 [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline
cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.	3.88	3	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cilomilast [no description available]	2.74	3	0	methoxybenzenes
conivaptan conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).	3.86	3	0	benzazepine	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
cariporide cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tezosentan tezosentan: structure in first source	2.45	2	0
dichloro-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum complex [no description available]	2.13	1	0
1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione 1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
sabarubicin sabarubicin: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
2-chloro-2-deoxyglucose [no description available]	2.03	1	0
damvar damvar: structure	2.04	1	0
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	4.43	6	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
vx 497 N-3-(3-(3-methoxy-4-oxazol-5-ylphenyl)ureido)benzylcarbamic acid tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
pralnacasan pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source	3.59	2	0
clevidipine clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source	3.58	2	0	dihydropyridine
jtt 501 JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
solifenacin [no description available]	4.08	4	0	isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.	3.23	1	0	methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate	adrenergic agent
bcx 1812 [no description available]	2.53	2	0	3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; acetamides; cyclopentanols; guanidines	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
idazoxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
isoguvacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
xamoterol Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.	2.97	4	0	morpholines
8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine 8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine: inhibitor of phosphodiesterase I	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	4.96	11	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
canertinib [no description available]	3.31	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; morpholines; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
cinacalcet cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; secondary amino compound	calcimimetic; P450 inhibitor
lubiprostone [no description available]	3.23	1	0
methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of methyl 5-aminolevulinate. A prodrug, it is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitizer, and is used in the photodynamic treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (including basal cell carcinoma). Topical application results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. Subsequent illumination with red light results in the generation of toxic singlet oxygen that destroys cell membranes and thereby kills the tumour cells.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; prodrug
olmesartan olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866	2.6	1	0	biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent
antazoline phosphate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
telbivudine [no description available]	4.65	4	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
celastrol methyl ester celastrol methyl ester: isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii; potent inhibitory activity on both Kir2.1 and ERG1 potassium channels, leading to LONG QT SYNDROME	2.6	1	0	carboxylic ester
resiquimod S 28463: structure given in first source	2.6	1	0	imidazoquinoline
5-propyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5-propyl-2'-deoxyuridine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0
cyc 202 seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.	2.75	3	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
Serotonin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	tryptamines
n-phthaloylglutamic acid N-phthaloyl-L-glutamic acid : A glutamic acid derivative that is L-glutamic acid in which the two hydrogens on the amino group are substituted by a phthaloyl group.	2.03	1	0	L-glutamic acid derivative; phthalimides
benzo-tepa benzo-tepa: structure	2.04	1	0
tevenel tevenel: sulfamoyl analog of D-threo-chloramphenicol; structure	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine 1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
ag 3-5 icilin: a cooling compound that activates TRPM8	2.03	1	0	C-nitro compound
tac 278 TAC 278: prodrug of 5-fluorouracil; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.04	1	0
abanoquil [no description available]	2.04	1	0
tanshinone ii a tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	abietane diterpenoid
pridinol mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	4.05	4	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
anidulafungin Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.	3.58	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; azamacrocycle; echinocandin; heterodetic cyclic peptide; semisynthetic derivative
avasimibe [no description available]	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
anacardic acid anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.	2.6	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybenzoic acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
n-n-propylnorapomorphine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
urapidil monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
aminopterin Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.	2.44	2	0	dicarboxylic acid	EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; mutagen
azepexole, dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.	3.63	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
varenicline Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.	3.23	1	0
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
wyosine wyosine: derivative of tricyclic guanine nucleus; see also record for wye (base); structure	3.09	1	0	carbohydrate derivative; nucleobase-containing molecular entity
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	7.72	3	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
(4r)-3-((2s)-3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-4- thiazolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.04	1	0
abt 980 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
fiduxosin fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source	3.59	2	0
sk&f 75670 SK&F 75670: RN refers to HBr; N-methyl derivative of SK&F 38393	2.03	1	0
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	5.11	13	0
esatenolol esatenolol : The (S)-enantiomer of atenolol.	2.03	1	0	atenolol	beta-adrenergic antagonist
ropivacaine Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.	2.43	2	0	piperidinecarboxamide; ropivacaine	local anaesthetic
migalastat migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis	2.6	1	0	piperidines
sb 203580 [no description available]	2.01	1	0	imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
nbi 27914 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
sb 216763 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles; maleimides
erlotinib [no description available]	4.67	4	0	aromatic ether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; protein kinase inhibitor
homoegonol homoegonol: has anti-asthmatic activity; structure in first source	2.17	1	0
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	16.17	191	6	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
limonin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	epoxide; furans; hexacyclic triterpenoid; lactone; limonoid; organic heterohexacyclic compound	inhibitor; metabolite; volatile oil component
(R)-atenolol (R)-atenolol : The (R)-enantiomer of atenolol.	2.03	1	0	atenolol
memantine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
melagatran [no description available]	2.96	4	0	azetidines; carboxamidine; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; secondary amino compound	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor
scutellarin scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone. scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein.	2.6	1	0	glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; proteasome inhibitor
pefabloc [no description available]	2.03	1	0
pongidae [no description available]	2.03	1	0
deflazacort deflazacort: structure	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
cyclic-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine cyclic-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine: specific name and structure not given in first source	2.69	3	0
hexestrol diphosphate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
carbocysteine Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	2.04	1	0	L-cysteine thioether; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	mucolytic
etravirine [no description available]	3.73	2	0	aminopyrimidine; aromatic ether; dinitrile; organobromine compound	antiviral agent; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
succinylproline [no description available]	2.03	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
n(4)-hydroxycytidine N(4)-hydroxycytidine : A nucleoside analogue that is cytidine which carries a hydroxy group at the N(4)-positon. It has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against influenza, SARS-CoV , SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV.	2.31	1	0	ketoxime; nucleoside analogue	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral agent; drug metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite
sb 205384 SB 205384: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	thienopyridine
5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
chelidonine chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)	2.6	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; alkaloid fundamental parent; benzophenanthridine alkaloid
hydrastine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	isoquinolines	metabolite
piribedil mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
gabaculine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
etiron monohydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
serc [no description available]	2.13	1	0
4-n-butylresorcinol 4-n-butylresorcinol: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	resorcinols
procyclidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride
dronedarone Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	3.23	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tesaglitazar tesaglitazar: structure in first source	2.74	3	0
ramelteon ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist	3.61	2	0	indanes
lapatinib [no description available]	4.81	5	0	furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bmy 7378 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
vesamicol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
darunavir Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.	3.73	2	0	carbamate ester; furofuran; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
dapivirine Dapivirine: effectively prevented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in cocultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, representing primary targets in sexual transmission	2.6	1	0
deferasirox Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.	4.09	4	0	benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles	iron chelator
bms204352 BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source	2.75	3	0
fosfluconazole fosfluconazole: prodrug of fluconazole	2.04	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	prodrug
tbc-11251 sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.87	3	0	benzodioxoles
tolvaptan [no description available]	3.61	2	0	benzazepine; benzenedicarboxamide	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib [no description available]	3.59	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
(7R)-7,15,17-trihydroxy-11-methyl-12-oxabicyclo[12.4.0]octadeca-1(14),15,17-trien-13-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	macrolide
lenalidomide [no description available]	3.92	3	0	aromatic amine; dicarboximide; isoindoles; piperidones	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator
regadenoson [no description available]	3.23	1	0	purine nucleoside
lacosamide Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.	3.61	2	0	N-acyl-amino acid
cp 101,606 traxoprodil mesylate: a selective NMDA antagonist; structure given in first source	2.45	2	0
demecolcine Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic.	2.04	1	0	alkaloid; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	2.05	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	3.21	1	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
estradiol 3-benzoate 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.	2.02	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; benzoate ester	estrogen receptor agonist; xenoestrogen
cortisone [no description available]	2.98	4	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
equilin Equilin: An estrogenic steroid produced by HORSES. It has a total of four double bonds in the A- and B-ring. High concentration of euilin is found in the URINE of pregnant mares.	2.13	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid
adrenosterone adrenosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene carrying three oxo-substituents at positions 3, 11 and 17.	2.13	1	0	11-oxo steroid; 17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; marine metabolite
gossypol acetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0
epinastine dexamethasone acetate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
benzatropine methanesulfonate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
vincaleukoblastine [no description available]	3.87	3	0	acetate ester; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite
4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone 4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone : A dimethoxyflavone that is the 5,7-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein.	2.13	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone
2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.	2.13	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug
medrysone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
artisone acetate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic sulfate salt	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector
nsc 74859 NSC 74859: inhibits Stat3 binding activity; structure in first source. S3I-201 : An amidobenzoic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]acetic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.	2.6	1	0	amidobenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; tosylate ester	STAT3 inhibitor
chondocurine (1beta)-(+-)-isomer curine: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
benzarone benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure	4.1	4	0	1-benzofurans
nsc-89199 estramustine phosphate : A steroid phosphate which is the 17-O-phospho derivative of estramustine.	2.74	3	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; steroid phosphate
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	4.06	4	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
n-methylserotonin oxalate salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nsc 95397 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
6-methylpurine 2'-deoxyriboside [no description available]	3.11	1	0
phenethicillin phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.	2.44	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
berbamine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
noscapine Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isobenzofuranone; organic heterobicyclic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antitussive; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
indicine-n-oxide indicine-N-oxide: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,7(2R,3S),7abeta))-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0
homoharringtonine Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.	2.05	1	0	alkaloid ester; enol ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; protein synthesis inhibitor
acivicin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	isoxazoles; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	antileishmanial agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; glutamine antagonist; metabolite
4-methoxyxanthone 4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
u-104 SLC-0111: a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
wortmannin [no description available]	2.75	3	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
1-(benzenesulfonyl)indole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	sulfonamide
2-methyl-N-[4-(propan-2-ylamino)phenyl]-2-propenamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	amine
2-oxindole 2-oxindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. indolin-2-one : An indolinone carrying an oxo group at position 2.	2.01	1	0	gamma-lactam; indolinone
2'-fluorothymidine [no description available]	3.23	6	0
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	10.22	31	1
7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]-1-benzopyran-4-one [no description available]	2.6	1	0	glycoside
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor; retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine: structure in first source	2.1	1	0
bortezomib [no description available]	4.69	8	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	6.33	11	1	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
tizoxanide tizoxanide: major metabolite of nitazoxanide; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	salicylamides
nexavar [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organosulfonate salt
povidone-iodine Povidone-Iodine: An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.	4.21	3	0
leupeptins Leupeptins: A group of acylated oligopeptides produced by Actinomycetes that function as protease inhibitors. They have been known to inhibit to varying degrees trypsin, plasmin, KALLIKREINS, papain and the cathepsins.	2.06	1	0
carboplatin [no description available]	2.41	1	0
rimiterol rimiterol: was heading 1977-94 (see under CATECHOLS 1977-90); use CATECHOLS to search RIMITEROL 1977-94; predominantly a beta 2 stimulant, therefore affects the cardiovascular system less than isoproterenol, but its action is of shorter duration than that of albuterol	2.06	1	0	catechols
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	2.03	1	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
s-adenosylhomocysteine S-Adenosylhomocysteine: 5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions.. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine : An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine.	3.06	1	0	adenosines; amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine derivative; homocysteines; organic sulfide	cofactor; EC 2.1.1.72 [site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific)] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.79 (cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase) inhibitor; epitope; fundamental metabolite
5'-deoxyadenosine 5'-deoxyadenosine: main heading DEOXYADENOSINE refers to the 3' cpd. 5'-deoxyadenosine : A 5'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having adenosine as the nucleobase.	1.99	1	0	5'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bradykinin [no description available]	2.68	3	0	oligopeptide	human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent
canavanine L-canavanine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	2.45	2	0	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
elastin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	oligopeptide
mevalonic acid Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.	2.11	1	0	3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
raffinose Raffinose: A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.. raffinose : A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively.	2.44	2	0	raffinose family oligosaccharide; trisaccharide	mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
5-hydroxytryptophan hydroxytryptophan : A hydroxy-amino acid that is tryptophan substituted by at least one hydroxy group at unspecified position.. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan : The L-enantiomer of 5-hydroxytryptophan.	2.03	1	0	5-hydroxytryptophan; amino acid zwitterion; hydroxy-L-tryptophan; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	3.58	2	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	3.17	5	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
puromycin [no description available]	2.94	4	0	puromycins	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor
mandelic acid, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.13	1	0	(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; mandelic acid
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.	2.47	2	0	alpha-chloroketone; sulfonamide	alkylating agent; serine proteinase inhibitor
pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.	4.07	4	0	coformycins	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
monoiodotyrosine Monoiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.. iodotyrosine : A tyrosine derivative which has at least one iodo-substituent on the benzyl moiety.. monoiodotyrosine : An iodotyrosine carrying a single iodo substituent.. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine : The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monoiodotyrosine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
n(6),n(6)-dimethyladenosine N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with two methyl groups attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.	2.05	1	0	hydrocarbyladenosine
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.	2.03	1	0	guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
willardiine willardiine: isolated from seeds of Acacia willariana; structure. 3-(uracil-1-yl)-L-alanine : The 3-(uracil-1-yl) derivative of L-alanine.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-alanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
inositol 3-phosphate inositol 3-phosphate: RN given refers to (myo)-isomer	2.07	1	0
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	2.47	2	0	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
arbutin hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.6	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	5.11	13	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
conessine conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.	2.6	1	0	steroid alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; H3-receptor antagonist; plant metabolite
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	4.98	11	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	4.55	7	0	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
cefoxitin Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.	4.06	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; cephamycin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	3.16	5	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	6.72	17	1	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.	3.85	3	0	acetate ester; steroid ester	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
rocuronium Rocuronium: An androstanol non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It has a mono-quaternary structure and is a weaker nicotinic antagonist than PANCURONIUM.. rocuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2.04	1	0	3alpha-hydroxy steroid; acetate ester; androstane; morpholines; quaternary ammonium ion; tertiary amino compound	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
abacavir abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.	4.69	8	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; drug allergen; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	3.29	6	0
acebutolol hydrochloride acebutolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of acebutolol, prepared using equimolar amounts of acebutolol and hydrogen chloride.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
trimethaphan camsylate trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.	2.05	1	0
perindopril erbumine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	addition compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
miglitol [no description available]	4.26	5	0	piperidines
amiodarone hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aromatic ketone
dicyclomine hydrochloride dicyclomine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dicyclomine. An anticholinergic, it is used to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
metyrosine alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.	4.06	4	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rocuronium bromide rocuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2.45	2	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
nortriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic tricyclic compound	geroprotector
erythromycin estolate Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.	2.46	2	0	aminoglycoside sulfate salt; erythromycin derivative	enzyme inhibitor
paromomycin sulfate paromomycin sulfate : An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	2.03	1	0
terconazole terconazole: structure & RN for (cis)-isomer from first source. terconazole : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-terconazole. It has broad-spectrum antifungal activitiy and is used for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections (Candida).. (2R,4S)-terconazole : A 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine in which positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety have R and S configuration, respectively.	2.02	1	0	1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine
bacampicillin bacampicillin: ester prodrug that is hydrolyzed to ampicillin after its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bacampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin.	2.43	2	0	penicillanic acid ester	prodrug
linezolid [no description available]	4.57	7	0	acetamides; morpholines; organofluorine compound; oxazolidinone	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
angustibalin angustibalin: sesquiterpene lactone from Balduina angustifolia (Pursh) Robins; structure	2.04	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
cephaelin cephaelin: do not confuse with cephalin of brain; after emetine this is the most important alkaloid of ipecac; protein synthesis inhibitor. cephaeline : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6'-position and methoxy substituents at the 7'-, 10- and 11-positions.	2.6	1	0	pyridoisoquinoline
(-)-usnic acid (-)-usnic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of usnic acid.	2.6	1	0	usnic acid	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
Dubinidine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
cyclopamine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	piperidines	glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal: a proteasome inhibitor. acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal : A tripeptide composed of N-acetylleucyl, leucyl and norleucinal residues joined in sequence.	2.6	1	0	aldehyde; tripeptide	cysteine protease inhibitor
s-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione S-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione: photoaffinity label deriv of glutathione; inhibits glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5)	2.03	1	0	peptide
hydroxylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
devazepide Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; indolecarboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cholecystokinin antagonist; gastrointestinal drug
clindamycin phosphate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
sb 228357 SB 228357: a neuroleptic with equivalent or higher antagonist affinity for 5-HT2 than for dopamine D2 receptor	2.03	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine : A glycine derivative that is L-alpha-phenylglycine substituted at positions 3 and 5 on the phenyl ring by hydroxy groups.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; resorcinols
actinonin actinonin: natural hydroxamic acid, pseudopeptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species; structure	2.03	1	0
pemirolast potassium salt [no description available]	2.08	1	0
eplerenone Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	3.95	3	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; epoxy steroid; gamma-lactone; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; steroid acid ester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent
tolterodine [no description available]	4.26	5	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
difluprednate difluprednate: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.13	1	0	butyrate ester; corticosteroid hormone
doxorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	anthracycline
metrizamide Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.	2.04	1	0	amino sugar
dironyl dironyl: pronounced antifertility agent in rats; lactation suppressor in other species; serotonin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
erythromycin ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.	2.44	2	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin derivative; ethyl ester; succinate ester
vinpocetine vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.47	2	0	alkaloid	geroprotector
amcinonide amcinonide: structure	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; spiroketal	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone acetate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; steroid ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
flumethasone pivalate flumethasone pivalate: structure	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; pivalate ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
ao 128 AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.47	2	0	organic molecular entity
loteprednol etabonate Loteprednol Etabonate: An androstadiene derivative corticosteroid that is used as an ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic eye conditions.	2.08	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; etabonate ester; organochlorine compound; steroid acid ester; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
darifenacin darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.	3.58	2	0	1-benzofurans; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidines	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
dihydroergocristine monomesylate dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.	2.47	2	0	methanesulfonate salt	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
fluticasone propionate fluticasone propionate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; propanoate ester; steroid ester; thioester	adrenergic agent; anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; dermatologic drug
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	2.71	3	0	cyclodextrin
acarbose [no description available]	3.43	7	0	amino cyclitol; glycoside
trichostatin a trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES	2.03	1	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; hydroxamic acid; trichostatin	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	5.22	15	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	3.05	4	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
(north)-methanocarbathymidine (north)-methanocarbathymidine: also called NMCT. 1-[(1S,2S,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-yl]thymine : A carbobicyclic compound that is bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane which is substituted at the 2-pro-S, 4-pro-S and 5-pro-R positions by thymin-1-yl, hydroxy, and hydroxymethyl groups, respectively.	3.12	5	0	C-glycosyl pyrimidine; carbobicyclic compound; primary alcohol; pyrimidone; secondary alcohol
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	3.86	3	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.	2.05	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.	2.05	1	0	docosahexaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	algal metabolite; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.45	2	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	11.86	50	7	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
cerivastatin cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	3.15	5	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyridines; statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	4.26	5	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidines; statin (synthetic); sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	2.97	4	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.	2.05	1	0	icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	2.03	1	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	11.68	50	7	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
mupirocin Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.	2.45	2	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester; epoxide; monocarboxylic acid; oxanes; secondary alcohol; triol	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	5.75	10	0
brivudine brivudine: anti-herpes agent	13.78	114	0
5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol 5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol: estrogen receptor ligand; structure in first source. (R,R)-5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydro-2,8-chrysenediol : A carbotetracyclic compound that is 5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 8 and by ethyl groups at positions 5 and 11 (the 5R,11R-stereoisomer). It is an agonist of ER-alpha and antagonist of ER-beta receptors.	2.03	1	0	carbotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	estrogen receptor agonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent
lycopene [no description available]	2.6	1	0	acyclic carotene	antioxidant; plant metabolite
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	4.65	8	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	6.01	14	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
formycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	formycin	antineoplastic agent
2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid 2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate: RN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer. geranylgeranyl diphosphate : A polyprenol diphosphate having geranylgeranyl as the polyprenyl component.. 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate : The all-trans-isomer of geranylgeranyl diphosphate.	2.11	1	0	geranylgeranyl diphosphate	mouse metabolite
drf 2725 ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma	2.05	1	0
methylproamine methylproamine: a radioprotective agent; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	2.47	2	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	2.05	1	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
bms 214662 7-cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine: a farnesyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source. BMS-214662 : A member of the class of benzodiazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine substituted by (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl, benzyl, (thiophen-2-yl)sulfonyl, and cyano groups at positions 1, 3R, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (IC50 = 1.35nM) which was under clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors.	2.04	1	0	benzenes; benzodiazepine; imidazoles; nitrile; sulfonamide; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
octreotide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
eptifibatide [no description available]	3.58	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; organic disulfide	anticoagulant; platelet aggregation inhibitor
histidyl-proline diketopiperazine cyclo(L-His-L-Pro) : A homodetic cyclic peptide resulting from the formal condensation of both the amino and acid groups of L-histidine with the acid and amino groups of L-proline. It is a metabolite of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).	2.13	1	0	dipeptide; homodetic cyclic peptide; imidazoles; pyrrolopyrazine	anti-inflammatory agent; dopamine uptake inhibitor; human blood serum metabolite
alitretinoin Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.	2.05	1	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; metabolite; retinoid X receptor agonist
roflumilast [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; chloropyridine; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound	anti-asthmatic drug; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
L-cycloserine L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.	2.52	2	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one	anti-HIV agent; anticonvulsant; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.6	1	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
gs 4071 GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.	3.16	5	0	acetate ester; amino acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; primary amino compound	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; marine xenobiotic metabolite
afimoxifene afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.	2.13	1	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist; metabolite
decitabine [no description available]	9.56	7	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sm 8668 Sch 39304: Sch 42427 is the active entantiomer of the antifungal agent Sch 39304 which consists of Sch 42426 & Sch 42427; Sch 42426, the (S,S)-isomer, is inactive	2.45	2	0
teniposide [no description available]	4.54	7	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
lamivudine triphosphate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
troxacitabine troxacitabine: shows good anti-HIV activity without cytotoxicity	2.04	1	0	carbohydrate derivative; nucleobase-containing molecular entity
valrubicin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	anthracycline; trifluoroacetamide
l 737126 5-chloro-3-(phenylsulfonyl)indole-2-carboxamide: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	2.05	1	0
ketoconazole (2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.	2.53	2	0	cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
purvalanol a 6-((3-chloro)anilino)-2-(isopropyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-9-isopropylpurine: purvalanol A is the (1R)-isomer;	2.03	1	0	purvalanol
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	2.95	4	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
artenimol [no description available]	3.99	3	0
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	4.24	5	0	actinomycin	mutagen
bevirimat bevirimat: an HIV inhibitor; disrupts late step in processing HIV Major Core Protein p24, preventing the capsid precursor p25 from being converted to mature capsid p24. bevirimat : A pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained by the formal condensation of 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of betulinic acid. It is isolated from the Chinese herb Syzygium claviflorum. The first in the class of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors to be studied in humans, bevirimat was identified as a potent HIV drug candidate and several clinical trials were conducted, but development into a new drug was plagued by numerous resistance-related problems.	2.6	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	HIV-1 maturation inhibitor; metabolite
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	2.74	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
aphidicolin Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.	3.9	12	0	tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimicrobial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; apoptosis inducer; Aspergillus metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
carbocyclic 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.01	1	0
azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.	2.48	2	0	carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	4.86	10	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
sitafloxacin [no description available]	2.74	3	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolines; quinolone antibiotic
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.	2.55	2	0	amino aldehyde; carbamate ester; tripeptide	proteasome inhibitor
ic9564 IC9564: betulinic acid derivative; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	10.7	14	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
2,5,6-trichloro-1-(ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole [no description available]	4.14	16	0
posaconazole [no description available]	4.19	4	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxolanes; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	trypanocidal drug
l 743,872 [no description available]	3.18	1	0
dibekacin Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.	2.04	1	0	kanamycins	antibacterial agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
gw 257406x maribavir: has antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus	12.34	36	4
5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
bromodeoxycytidine Bromodeoxycytidine: 5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine. Can be incorporated into DNA in the presence of DNA polymerase, replacing dCTP.	2.41	2	0
rubitecan rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.	2.47	2	0	C-nitro compound; delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.	3.86	3	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin	antiinfective agent
shikonin shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities	2.6	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[3-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.6	1	0	tropane alkaloid
cmx 001 [no description available]	5.52	11	0
amd 8664 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
egonol egonol : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a methoxy group at position 7, a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 2 and a 3-hydroxypropyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from Styrax agrestis.	2.17	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; primary alcohol	plant metabolite
bay 41-4109 BAY 41-4109: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
bay 57-1293 pritelivir: herpes simplex virus 1 helicase-primase inhibitor	2.6	1	0
favipiravir favipiravir : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by aminocarbonyl, hydroxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is an anti-viral agent that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of several RNA viruses and is approved for the treatment of influenza in Japan.	2.05	1	0	hydroxypyrazine; organofluorine compound; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor
pnu183792 PNU183792: structure in first source	2.72	3	0
6-phosphonylmethoxyethoxy-2,4-diaminopyrimidine [no description available]	2.49	2	0
4-phenyl-4-oxo-2-hydroxybuten-2-oic acid 2,4-dioxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
cf 1743 [no description available]	2.76	3	0
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	3.59	2	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
maltitol maltitol : An alpha-D-glucoside consisting of D-glucitol having an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 4-position. Used as a sugar substitute.	2.13	1	0	alpha-D-glucoside; glycosyl alditol	laxative; metabolite; sweetening agent
2'-c-methylcytidine 2'-C-methylcytidine: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
isoxanthohumol isoxanthohumol: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	flavanones
2-hydroxy-4h-isoquinoline-1,3-dione 2-hydroxy-4H-isoquinoline-1,3-dione: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	3.59	2	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	NMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.	3.23	1	0	arsenic oxide	antineoplastic agent; insecticide
dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.	2.45	2	0	organic sodium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
ditiocarb sodium [no description available]	2.42	2	0	organic molecular entity
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	2.7	3	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-n-hydroxybutanamide 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide: a c-FLIP inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether
4-[[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol [no description available]	2.04	1	0	alkylbenzene
mecarbinate [no description available]	2.6	1	0
aceglatone aceglatone: structure in Merck	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
sch 22219 alclometasone dipropionate : A prednisolone compound having an alpha-chloro substituent at the 7-position, an alpha-methyl substituent at the 16-position and O-propanoyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
sr 90107 fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.	3.23	1	0
carbenoxolone [no description available]	2.45	2	0
meglumine iodipamide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organoammonium salt	radioopaque medium
glycosides [no description available]	1.99	1	0
chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.	2.59	2	0	chalcone	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.69	3	0	isomethyleugenol
thermospine thermospine: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
isoliquiritigenin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	chalcones	antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist
thyrotropin-releasing hormone PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.	3.23	1	0	peptide hormone; tripeptide	human metabolite
dibenzylidene acetone dibenzylidene acetone: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
rauwolscine Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	2.03	1	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	diterpenoid
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.	3.88	3	0	vasopressin	cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen
pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	2	1	0	diphosphate ion
gw9662 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding	2.03	1	0	benzamides
s 1033 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; imidazoles; pyridines; pyrimidines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
calmidazolium calmidazolium chloride : The organic choride salt of calmidazolium.	2.03	1	0	organic chloride salt	apoptosis inducer; calmodulin antagonist
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal: a capase inhibitor. Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-H : A tetrapeptide consisting of two L-aspartic acid residues, an L-glutamyl residue and an L-valine residue with an acetyl group at the N-terminal and with the C-terminal carboxy group reduced to an aldehyde. It is an inhibitor of caspase-3/7.	2.6	1	0	tetrapeptide	protease inhibitor
4-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-6-thiophen-2-yl-8-cyclohepta[c]furanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	cycloheptafuran
5-[(5-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3-furanyl)methoxy]-2-methyl-3-benzofurancarboxylic acid 2-methoxyethyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; benzofurans
5,6,7-trimethoxy-1-methyl-2-indolecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
haplamine haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
mezlocillin Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.96	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
amygdalin (R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.	2.46	2	0	amygdalin	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
trilostane trilostane: inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone; adrenal blocking agent used in treatment of Cushing's syndrome. trilostane : An epoxy steroid that is 3,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile in which the oxygen of the epoxy group is joined to the 4alpha and 5 alpha positions.	2.08	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; epoxy steroid; nitrile	abortifacient; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.210 [3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase] inhibitor
cholinophyllin [no description available]	2.02	1	0
mitobronitol Mitobronitol: Brominated analog of MANNITOL which is an antineoplastic agent appearing to act as an alkylating agent.	2.04	1	0	alcohol; organobromine compound
tropisetron hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tropisetron Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.	2.04	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
Reactive blue 2 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	anthraquinone
5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-benzimidazol-2-one 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one: stimulates Cl- secretion in the mouse jejunum	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene
quinidine sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
leuprolide acetate leuprolide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining the nonapeptide leuprolide with acetic acid. A long lasting GnRH analog, LH-Rh agonist. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	2.08	1	0	acetate salt	antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
leuprolide Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	2.44	2	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.	2.81	3	0
diethylstilbestrol dipropionate diethylstilbestrol dipropionate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0
fludarabine [no description available]	7.6	10	1	purine nucleoside
(1S,2R)-2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	alkylbenzene
glycerylphosphorylcholine choline alfoscerate : A member of the class of phosphocholines that is the choline ester of sn-glycero-3-phosphate. It is one of the major osmolyte in the renal medullary cells.. glycerophosphocholine : The glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine. A nutrient with many different roles in human health.	2.13	1	0	phosphocholines; sn-glycerol 3-phosphates	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; parasympatholytic; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-methylscopolamine nitrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	5.03	12	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
phenytoin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0
nsc 4347 NSC 4347: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
ipratropium bromide anhydrous [no description available]	2.74	3	0
4-methoxy-N1,N3-bis(3-pyridinyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
methamilane methiodide [no description available]	2.47	2	0
physostigmine salicylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	azaheterocycle salicylate salt; salicylates
pilocarpine nitrate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
r 59949 R 59949: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	2.47	2	0
methylatropine nitrate [no description available]	2.75	3	0
1-[1-oxo-2-[(4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c][1]benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]ethyl]-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
prothionamide Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.	2.49	2	0	pyridines
2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzoxazine
sesquiterpenes [no description available]	2.71	3	0
chlorprothixene Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.	2.04	1	0	chlorprothixene
dienestrol Dienestrol: A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.. dienestrol : An olefinic compound that is hexa-2,4-diene substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.	2.13	1	0
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	4.06	4	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	5.11	13	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.13	1	0	pyrimidone
sb 366791 N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide: a TRPV1 antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ag-213 tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells;	2.03	1	0
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.	2.03	1	0	catechols; polyphenol; resorcinols; stilbenol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bemesetron [no description available]	2.03	1	0
benzoylacrylic acid benzoylacrylic acid: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
thioinosine Thioinosine: Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503)	2.73	3	0
jrf 12 N2,N4-dibenzylquinazoline-2,4-diamine: a selective, potent, reversible, and ATP-competitive p97 inhibitor	3.92	2	0
4-methoxy-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
(S)-(-)-pindolol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pindolol
levosulpiride (S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).	2.46	2	0	sulpiride	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone 3,4'-dihydroxyflavone: an antioxidant; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.	2.47	2	0	caffeic acid	geroprotector; mouse metabolite
5-methyl-4-[(2-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid methyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
2-mercaptobenzimidazole 2-mercaptobenzimidazole: purine synthesis antimetabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
pyrantel Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.	3.23	1	0	1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines; carboxamidine; thiophenes	antinematodal drug
2-(1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolyl)-N-(3-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	phthalimides
4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine 4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine : A L-phenylalanine derivative that is L-phenylalanine in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group.	2.03	1	0	4-fluorophenylalanine; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.	2.6	1	0	methoxycinnamic acid
isoferulic acid isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring.	2.6	1	0	ferulic acids	antioxidant; biomarker; metabolite
urocanic acid Urocanic Acid: 4-Imidazoleacrylic acid.. urocanic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid substituted by a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. It is a metabolite of hidtidine.. trans-urocanic acid : A urocanic acid in which the double bond of the carboxyethene moiety has E configuration.	2.47	2	0	urocanic acid	human metabolite
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	stilbenoid
cyclouridine cyclouridine: structure given in third source	2.6	1	0
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.	2.73	3	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid	antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0	oxadiazole; ring assembly
3-(3,5-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyranyl)propanoic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	psoralens
1,6-dimethyl-3-(2-pyridinyl)pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-dione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrimidotriazine
thiothixene [no description available]	3.86	3	0	N-methylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.	3.61	2	0	zopiclone	central nervous system depressant; sedative
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	1.99	1	0	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	2.63	2	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
9-hydroxy-4-[1-oxo-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyridochromene
5-bromo-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [3-(3-methylphenoxy)-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl] ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	chromones
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	4.08	4	0	diarylmethane
6-thioxanthine 6-thioxanthine: gpt/6-TXenzyme/prodrug pair is a promising alternative to the thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir combination in the gene therapy of cancer	3.11	1	0
thiouracil Thiouracil: Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.. thiouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group.	2.45	2	0	nucleobase analogue; thiocarbonyl compound	antithyroid drug; metabolite
5-methyl-4-[(3-methyl-6-oxo-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c][1]benzopyran-1-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
4-methyl-3-(phenylmethyl)-7-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1-benzopyran-2-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-quinolinyl]-(4-morpholinyl)methanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
5-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutoxy)-3,4,7-trimethyl-1-benzopyran-2-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	4.54	7	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic amide; furans
urb 597 cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	biphenyls
2-(8-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-quinolinyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
N-[(6-methoxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)methyl]-N-propan-2-yl-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.	2.98	4	0	diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	4.86	10	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
zucapsaicin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	3.5	2	0	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
enclomiphene Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.	2.02	1	0
terbinafine [no description available]	4.07	4	0	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
cysteine sulfinic acid 3-sulfino-L-alanine : The organosulfinic acid arising from oxidation of the sulfhydryl group of L-cysteine.	2.03	1	0	organosulfinic acid; S-substituted L-cysteine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; mouse metabolite
epalrestat epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy.	2.08	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; thiazolidines	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
pyrimidine-2-thiol pyrimidine-2-thiol: RN given refers to parent cpd. pyrimidine-2-thiol : Pyrimidine substituted at C-2 by a sulfanyl group.	2.05	1	0	aryl thiol; pyrimidines	allergen; corrosion inhibitor
nbd 556 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
d-ap7 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
drotaverin drotaverin: Hungarian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.15	5	0	isoquinolines
2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	stilbenoid
1-cyclohexyl-3-(6-ethoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)urea [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzothiazoles
N-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methanamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
2-[[5-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethoxy]-4-oxo-2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-7-yl]oxy]acetic acid tert-butyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	flavones; tert-butyl ester
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	5.29	9	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
ethylenethiourea Ethylenethiourea: A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause THYROID hyperplasia.	2.13	1	0	imidazolidines
2-thiopyridine 2-thiopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd. pyridine-2-thiol : Pyridine substituted at C-2 by a sulfanyl group.	2.05	1	0	aryl thiol; pyridines	allergen; fluorescence quencher
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride
tacrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.76	3	0
sodium propionate sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	antifungal drug; food preservative
4-thiopyridine 4-thiopyridine: RN given refers to 4-thiopyridine cpd	2.05	1	0
4-bromotetramisole, oxalate (1:1), salt(s)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
succimer Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.	3.56	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; dithiol; sulfur-containing carboxylic acid	chelator
p-aminosalicylic acid monosodium salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	5.11	13	0	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
6-thioguanosine 6-thioguanosine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.45	2	0	purine nucleoside
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione 4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione: inhibits ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1	2.6	1	0
1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
mecysteine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester
4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester, hydrochloride, (dl)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
streptozocin [no description available]	4.41	6	0
capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.	2.03	1	0	benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas	capsaicin receptor antagonist
diphenyleneiodium chloride dibenziodolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having dibenziodolium as the counterion.	2.03	1	0	organic chloride salt	EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; G-protein-coupled receptor agonist
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, (cis)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tamoxifen citrate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	citrate salt	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent
tamoxifen [no description available]	4.94	11	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
pimagedine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
Betaine Aldehyde Chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
15-phenyl-beta-methylpentadecanoic acid [no description available]	2.17	1	0
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	4.26	5	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2h-tetrazolium 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
srpin340 SRPIN340: Serine-Arginine-Rich Protein Kinase Inhibitor	2.6	1	0
pr-619 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
p5091 P5091: inhibits ubiquitin-specific protease 7; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
cancidas [no description available]	3.58	2	0
2-(2-furanyl)-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
dihydrosamidine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
N-(2-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dimethylaniline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	methylbenzene
eskazine [no description available]	2.47	2	0
2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	methylbenzene
lch-7749944 LCH-7749944: potent p21-activated kinase 4 inhibitor, structure in first source	3.31	1	0
monastrol monastrol: stops mitosis by fostering formation of monopolar spindles; structure in first source. (S)-monastrol : An ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate that has S configuration.. monastrol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-monastrol.. ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate : A member of the class of thioureas that is 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1)-thione substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 4, an ethoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6.	2.03	1	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; phenols; racemate; thioureas	antileishmanial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
2-[3-oxo-1-[[[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]amino]-sulfanylidenemethyl]-2-piperazinyl]acetic acid propan-2-yl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	isopropyl ester; piperazines
zeranol Zeranol: A non-steroidal estrogen analog.	2.13	1	0	macrolide
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	2.76	3	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
at 61 AT 61: a phenylpropenamide derivative; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	4.08	4	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	2.47	2	0	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	2.74	3	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic
trovirdine trovirdine: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor	2.6	1	0
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.47	2	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.	4.4	6	0	C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
aplaviroc aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source	3.59	2	0
thiocarlide thiocarlide: major descriptor (68-85); on-line search PHENYLTHIOUREA/AA (68-85); Index Medicus search THIOCARLIDE (68-85); Antitubercular Agent	2.44	2	0	thioureas
hmr 3647 [no description available]	4.41	6	0
latoconazole latoconazole: RN refers to cpd without isomeric designation; latoconazole is (E)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug
maraviroc [no description available]	3.88	3	0	tropane alkaloid
fti 277 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
toremifene citrate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	stilbenoid	anticoronaviral agent
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	4.07	4	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.8	3	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine: a highly active anti-HIV agent; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
vicriviroc vicriviroc: structure in first source	2.53	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
telaprevir [no description available]	3.9	3	0	cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
nelarabine nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).	3.87	3	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; prodrug
hcv 371 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide 4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.	2.03	1	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
2-[(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	aromatic ether
thiouridine Thiouridine: A photoactivable URIDINE analog that is used as an affinity label.. 4-thiouridine : A thiouridine in which the oxygen replaced by sulfur is that at C-4.	2	1	0	nucleoside analogue; thiouridine	affinity label; antimetabolite
dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.	3.23	1	0	amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate
dezocine dezocine: potent analgesic; RN given refers to ((5R-(5alpha,11alpha,13S*)))-isomer (dezocin); structure. dezocine : (7S,8S)-7-Amino-8-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol in which the hydrogen at position 8 and one of the hydrogens at position 6 are substituted by each end of a tetramethylene bridge. A synthetic opioid analgesic, it has mixed opiod agonist and antagonist properties. Although it is used for pain management, it can produce opioid withdrawal syndrome in patients already dependent on other opioids, and its clinical application is limited by side effects such as dizziness.	2.02	1	0	phenols; primary amino compound	opioid analgesic
dapiprazole [no description available]	2.02	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; pyridines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; miotic; ophthalmology drug
nizatidine Nizatidine: A histamine H2 receptor antagonist with low toxicity that inhibits gastric acid secretion. The drug is used for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.. nizatidine : A member of the class of 1,3-thiazoles having a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at position 2 and an alkylthiomethyl moiety at position 4.	2.13	1	0
droloxifene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
raclopride Raclopride: A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist.	2.06	1	0	salicylamides
dolasetron [no description available]	3.58	2	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	hydrazone; nitrile; pyridazinone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
mannomustine Mannomustine: Nitrogen mustard derivative alkylating agent used as antineoplastic. It causes severe bone marrow depression and is a powerful vesicant.	2.04	1	0	amino alcohol
monooctanoin monooctanoin: dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6. rac-1-monooctanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol comprising equal amounts of 1-octanoyl-sn-glycerol and 3-octanoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monooctanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has octanoyl as the acyl group.	2.13	1	0	1-monoglyceride; octanoate ester; rac-1-monoacylglycerol
gestodene Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer	2.97	4	0	steroid	estrogen
glucametacin glucametacin: indomethacin analog; structure	2.04	1	0
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.	4.46	6	0	beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative	anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene idoxifene: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
quinine [no description available]	4.66	8	0	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
thioinosinic acid [no description available]	1.99	1	0	purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate; thiopurine
6-thioguanylic acid [no description available]	1.99	1	0	organic molecule
1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 3/87	2.03	1	0
1-(2-(2-(4-pyridyl)-2-imidazoline-1-yl)ethyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)urea 1-(2-(2-(4-pyridyl)-2-imidazoline-1-yl)ethyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)urea: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamide 2-chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
isepamicin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
ifetroban ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative	2.04	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
lamifiban lamifiban: a nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist; prevents platelet loss during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass	2.04	1	0	N-acylglycine
bp 897 BP 897: a dopamine D3 receptor agonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	naphthalenecarboxamide
fospropofol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
azilect [no description available]	2.08	1	0
rasagiline [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indanes; secondary amine; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
trequinsin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
dasatinib N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).	5.41	6	0	1,3-thiazoles; aminopyrimidine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
neboglamine neboglamine: potential memory enhancer	2.03	1	0
zd 6474 CH 331: structure in first source	3.61	2	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amine	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
telavancin telavancin: an anti-infective agent; structure in first source. telavancin : A glycopeptide that is vancomycin substituted at position N-3'' by a 2-(decylamino)ethyl group and at position C-29 by a (phosphonomethyl)aminomethyl group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of adults with complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by bacteria.	2.04	1	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
trimethoprim [no description available]	2.13	1	0
silybin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
alatrofloxacin alatrofloxacin: prodrug of trovafloxacin	2.06	1	0
yya-021 YYA-021: an HIV entry inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
4-hydroxy-1-[1-oxo-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propyl]-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide
N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-ylmethyl)-2-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
3-acetyl-6-methyl-1H-quinolin-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
benzatropine methanesulfonate benzatropine mesylate : The methanesulfonate salt of benzatropine. An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	2.03	1	0
sb 203186 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
n-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-n'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea N-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-N'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea: a 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. 1-(1-methylindol-5-yl)-3-(3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)urea : A member of ther class of ureas that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens has been replaced by an N-methylindol-5-yl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen has been replaced by a 3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl group. It is a potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2B) receptor.	2.03	1	0	1,2-thiazoles; indoles; ureas	receptor modulator; serotonergic antagonist
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.95	4	0
3-(phenylthio)-1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aryl sulfide
gw 7647 GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.	2.03	1	0	aryl sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; ureas	PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
ro 41-0960 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cgp 13501 CGP 13501: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	alkylbenzene
n-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide N-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide: dopamine D4 ligand; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
chloramine-t chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	allergen; antifouling biocide; disinfectant
brl 15572 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol : An N-alkylpiperazine that is 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine carrying a 3,3-diphenyl-2-hydroxyprop-1-yl group at position 4. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.03	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; secondary alcohol	geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
mrs 1523 2,3-diethyl-4,5-dipropyl-6-phenylpyridine-3-thiocarboxylate-5-carboxylate: adenosine A3 receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
N-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-9b-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoindole-1-carboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	imidazolidines
Anthraniloyllycoctonine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	diterpene alkaloid
or486 OR486: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
iik7 IIK7: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
sb 415286 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.52	2	0	C-nitro compound; maleimides; monochlorobenzenes; phenols; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
dm 235 DM 235: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.	3.5	2	0
jhw 015 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indolecarboxamide
bw 723c86 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	tryptamines
sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic amide
hydroxyethylcellulose hydroxyethylcellulose: component of contact lens wetting solutions; aldiamed is an artificial saliva; RN given refers to parent cpd. hydroxyethylcellulose : A polysaccharide derivative that is cellulose in which hydroxyethyl groups are bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers.	2.13	1	0
sc-19220 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether
le 300 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles
sitagliptin sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	4.56	7	0	triazolopyrazine; trifluorobenzene	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; hypoglycemic agent; serine proteinase inhibitor; xenobiotic
lupitidine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
osteoprotegerin Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.	4.41	1	1	long-chain fatty acid
flosequinan [no description available]	2.44	2	0	quinolines
1-[3-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	harmala alkaloid
ly 367265 LY 367265: a 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter inhibitor; a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist; structure in first source. LY-367,265 : A fluoroindole that is 1H-indole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 6 are replaced by 1-[2-(2,2-dioxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-2lambda(6)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[4,3,2-ij]quinolin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is an inhibitor of the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (Ki = 2.3 nM) and an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor (Ki = 0.81 nM).	2.03	1	0	dihydropyridine; fluoroindole; tertiary amino compound; thiadiazoloquinoline	antidepressant; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	4.67	8	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes.	2.92	4	0
diclofenac sodium Diclofenac Sodium: The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.. diclofenac sodium : The sodium salt of diclofenac.	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt
cgp 7930 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenol: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	alkylbenzene
1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1h-pyrazole 4,4',4''-(4-propylpyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol : A pyrazole that is 1H-pyrazole bearing three 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at positions 1, 3 and 5 as well as a propyl substituent at position 4. Potent, subtype-selective estrogen receptor agonist (EC50 ~ 200 pM); displays 410-fold selectivity for ERalpha over ERbeta. Prevents ovariectomy-induced weight gain and loss of bone mineral density, and induces gene expression in the hypothalamus following systemic administration in vivo.	2.03	1	0	phenols; pyrazoles	estrogen receptor agonist
sib 1757 SIB 1757: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
tak-220 TAK-220: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
jtk-303 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
nbd 557 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.	2.03	1	0	sphing-4-enine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quercetin [no description available]	9.12	5	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bilirubin [no description available]	7.28	5	5	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	3	4	0	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
biochanin a [no description available]	2.13	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
prostaglandin b1 prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).	2.13	1	0	prostaglandins B	human metabolite
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	2.94	4	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
luteolin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes	4.24	5	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol	antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	2.05	1	0	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry.	2.01	1	0	retinal	chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.	2.04	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
daphnetin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydroxycoumarin
5'-o-caffeoylquinic acid trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid : A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid.	2.6	1	0	cinnamate ester; cyclitol carboxylic acid	plant metabolite
luteolin-7-glucoside luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.6	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	antioxidant; plant metabolite
alprostadil [no description available]	3.14	5	0	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cyclosporine [no description available]	2.6	1	0
vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.	3.88	3	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	2.05	1	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
prostaglandin f1 prostaglandin F1: was EN to PROSTAGLANDINS F (75-81); RN given refers to (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.13	1	0	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite
harmine Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.	2.66	2	0	harmala alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; metabolite
genistein [no description available]	2.49	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	6.88	19	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.	2.96	4	0	oxapenam	antibacterial drug; anxiolytic drug; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.	4.94	11	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen
oxymetholone Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.	4.09	4	0
eprosartan eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.	4.56	7	0	dicarboxylic acid; imidazoles; thiophenes	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	4.55	7	0	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.	3.58	2	0	isoquinolines
timolol maleate (S)-timolol maleate : The maleic acid salt of the active (S)-enantiomer of timolol, comprising equimolar amounts of (S)-timolol and maleic acid.	2.47	2	0	maleate salt	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
brompheniramine maleate brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	2.77	3	0	maleate salt	anti-allergic agent
chlorpheniramine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
clemastine fumarate clemastine fumarate : The fumaric acid salt of clemastine. An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	2.03	1	0	fumarate salt	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
dexchlorpheniramine maleate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
olopatadine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
methylergonovine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	ergoline alkaloid	geroprotector
hemabate carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.	3.23	1	0
mycophenolate mofetil mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	4.13	4	0	carboxylic ester; ether; gamma-lactone; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
bw b1090u [no description available]	2.02	1	0	isoquinolines
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	4.56	7	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol [no description available]	4.08	4	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane	antiparathyroid drug
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	2.45	2	0	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
harman harman: a beta-carboline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. harman : An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.	2.03	1	0	harmala alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
zearalenone Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.	2.13	1	0	macrolide; resorcinols	fungal metabolite; mycoestrogen
amentoflavone [no description available]	2.6	1	0	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; plant metabolite
baicalein [no description available]	2.6	1	0	trihydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger
diosmin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant
genkwanin genkwanin: structure. genkwanin : A monomethoxyflavone that is apigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is methylated.	2.6	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	metabolite
hyperoside quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.	2.6	1	0	beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
mangostin mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; phenols; xanthones	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.	2.6	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone	anticoagulant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; metabolite
kaempferide kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol.	2.6	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	antihypertensive agent; metabolite
morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.	2.03	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
myricetin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
orientin orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.	2.6	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; C-glycosyl compound; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
scutellarein scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein. scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7.	2.6	1	0	tetrahydroxyflavone	metabolite
tricin tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure	7.8	3	0	3'-methoxyflavones; dimethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	2.03	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol	2.6	1	0	stilbenoid
polydatin trans-piceid : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.	2.6	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; polyphenol; stilbenoid	anti-arrhythmia drug; antioxidant; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; nephroprotective agent; potassium channel modulator
chicoric acid chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase	2.6	1	0	organooxygen compound	geroprotector; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent	2.45	2	0	alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid	plant metabolite
caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.	2.03	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
acteoside acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.	2.46	2	0	catechols; cinnamate ester; disaccharide derivative; glycoside; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antileishmanial agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
rottlerin rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.	3.6	2	0	aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone	anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite
flupenthixol cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.	2.44	2	0	flupenthixol	dopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	2.45	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
l 660,711 [no description available]	2.47	2	0	quinolines
estriol 17-glucuronide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid saponin
coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.	2.05	1	0	ubiquinones	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.	2.07	1	0	endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4	human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
n-oleoyldopamine N-oleoyldopamine: putative capsaicin receptor ligand; produces hyperalgesia; isolated from the brain. N-oleoyldopamine : A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with the amino group of dopamine. Synthesised in catecholaminergic neurons, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and might be considered as a carrier of dopamine into the brain. It is a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist.	2.03	1	0	catechols; fatty amide; N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine; secondary carboxamide	TRPV1 agonist
pheniramine maleate Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
sorivudine [no description available]	9.7	9	0	organic molecular entity
travoprost Travoprost: A cloprostenol derivative that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.. travoprost : The isopropyl ester of prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of travoprost are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a pro-drug; the isopropyl ester group is hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active free acid, fluprostenol.	2.08	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; prostaglandin receptor agonist
tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.	2.98	4	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent
7432 s Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.	3.84	3	0	cephalosporin; dicarboxylic acid	antibacterial drug
trimipramine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	maleate salt	antidepressant
4-hydroxyestradiol 4-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen. 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 4.	2.13	1	0	4-hydroxy steroid	metabolite
menatetrenone menaquinone-4 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.	2.13	1	0	menaquinone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; bone density conservation agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
imipenem [no description available]	2.08	1	0	carbapenems
etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.	2.74	3	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid	keratolytic drug
isotretinoin Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.	4.41	6	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; teratogenic agent
misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.	2.44	2	0
xylometazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
flunarizine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
ketotifen fumarate ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.	2.77	3	0	organoammonium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
epoprostenol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	prostaglandins I	mouse metabolite
indocyanine green [no description available]	3.58	2	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
dinoprost tromethamine [no description available]	2.51	2	0	organic molecular entity
ozagrel ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer	2.05	1	0	cinnamic acids
triprolidine Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	3.23	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.	3.59	2	0	cyclopropanes; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolines; statin (synthetic)	antioxidant
rosuvastatin calcium S 4522: structure in first source	2.08	1	0	N-acyl-15-methylhexadecasphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine; organic calcium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor
terbinafine hydrochloride terbinafine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of terbinafine with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.	2.08	1	0	allylamine antifungal drug; hydrochloride	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of cis-flupenthixol.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	geroprotector
ethamolin monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma	3.23	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
betamethasone benzoate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
hydrocortisone valerate hydrocortisone valerate: used in treatment of atopic dermatitis; RN given refers to 11beta-isomer	2.13	1	0	cortisol ester; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; valerate ester
alatrofloxacin mesylate [no description available]	3.59	2	0
prostaglandin f2 methyl ester prostaglandin F2 methyl ester: has ocular hypotensive effect; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.13	1	0	prostanoid
n-arachidonylglycine N-arachidonylglycine: structure in first source. N-arachidonoylglycine : Biologically active derivative of anandamide	2.03	1	0	fatty amide; N-acylglycine
n-oleoylethanolamine N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide.	2.03	1	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-acylethanolamine 18:1	EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
codeine [no description available]	4.54	7	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	5.1	13	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
perhexiline maleate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic molecular entity
phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.	2.74	3	0	hydrochloride
natamycin [no description available]	2.47	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; dicarboxylic acid monoester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyene antibiotic	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; ophthalmology drug
mepyramine maleate histosol: proprietary mixture of synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons forming an extremely nonpolar organic solvent	2.47	2	0
acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.	9.29	5	0	acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid	keratolytic drug
acrivastine acrivastine: a second generation antihistamine. acrivastine : A member of the class of pyridines that is (pyridin-2-yl)acrylic acid substituted at position 6 by a [(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a non-sedating antihistamine used for treatment of hayfever, urticaria, and rhinitis.	2.06	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
cyproterone Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.	2.04	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; chlorinated steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	androgen antagonist
dihydrocodeine dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dorzolamide dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.49	2	0	sulfonamide; thiophenes	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dothiepin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dothiepin
estropipate estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients	3.23	1	0	piperazinium salt; steroid sulfate
ethisterone Ethisterone: 17 alpha-Hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progestational effects.. ethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 17beta hydrogen is replaced by an ethynyl group. Ethisterone was the first orally active progestin and is a metabolite of danazol.	2.13	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	drug metabolite; progestin
hydromorphone Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.	3.84	3	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
levetiracetam Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.	3.87	3	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ly 163892 loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	4.07	4	0	carbacephem; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
nabilone nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.23	1	0
nalmefene nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer	3.15	5	0	morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	4.66	8	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.	4.08	4	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
oxymorphone Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)	3.59	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.	3.23	1	0	phylloquinones; vitamin K	cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite
proscillaridin Proscillaridin: A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill).	2.46	2	0	organic molecular entity
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	8.61	15	2	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
topiramate Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.	4.28	5	0	cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester	anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	3.23	1	0
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol 6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol bearing an additional 6alpha-hydroxy substituent.	2.13	1	0	6alpha-hydroxy steroid
6-methylpurine 6-methylpurine : Purine bearing a methyl substituent at position 6.	1.99	1	0	purines	EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor
brefeldin a [no description available]	2.42	2	0	macrolide antibiotic	Penicillium metabolite
alvocidib alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.	2.45	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol seocalcitol: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
fenretinide Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant
geldanamycin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor
calcipotriene [no description available]	2.02	1	0	cyclopropanes; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; triol	antipsoriatic; drug allergen
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	4.66	8	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
pactamycin Pactamycin: Antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pactum used as an antineoplastic agent. It is also used as a tool in biochemistry because it inhibits certain steps in protein synthesis.	2.04	1	0
demycarosylturimycin h [no description available]	2.47	2	0
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid 4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).	2.03	1	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; retinoic acid receptor agonist; teratogenic agent
l-2-(carboxypropyl)glycine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
4-aminocrotonic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
acipimox acipimox: lipolysis inhibitor	2.08	1	0	pyrazinecarboxylic acid
anthramycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
atosiban [no description available]	2.08	1	0	oligopeptide
benzphetamine Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.	3.59	2	0	amphetamines; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; appetite depressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; sympathomimetic agent
bimatoprost Bimatoprost: A cloprostenol-derived amide that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	2.08	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent
cicaprost cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R,4R),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer	2.04	1	0	monoterpenoid
clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist
denopamine denopamine: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	dimethoxybenzene
deamino arginine vasopressin Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.	3.53	2	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	diagnostic agent; renal agent; vasopressin receptor agonist
desoximetasone Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
dexmedetomidine [no description available]	3.58	2	0	medetomidine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic; sedative
fluticasone Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug
goserelin Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1).	2.6	1	0
halobetasol halobetasol: used in ointment to treat psoriasis; Ulobetasol cream contains 0.05% 6-fluoroclobetasol 17-propionate	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.	2.45	2	0	carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol	platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
l 655,708 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
lacidipine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cinnamate ester; tert-butyl ester
latanoprost Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	3.86	3	0	isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha; triol	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; prodrug
n-(n-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester DAPT : A dipeptide consisting of alanylphenylglycine derivatised as a 3,5-difluorophenylacetamide at the amino terminal and a tert-butyl ester at the carboxy terminal. A gamma-secretase inhibitor.	2.6	1	0	carboxylic ester; difluorobenzene; dipeptide; tert-butyl ester	EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.	2.73	3	0	cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor
nalbuphine Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.	4.06	4	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
ro 41-1049 Ro 41-1049: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
nateglinide Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.26	5	0	phenylalanine derivative
rimexolone [no description available]	2.02	1	0	20-oxo steroid
sb 200646a [no description available]	2.03	1	0
seglitide seglitide: more potent than somatostatin for inhibition of insulin, glucagon & growth hormone release; used experimentally in treatment of Alzheimer's disease; somatostatin receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
sib 1893 SIB 1893: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
u-44619 thromboxane A2 agonist : An agonist that binds to and activates thromboxane A2 receptors.	2.13	1	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	4.4	6	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
silodosin silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	indolecarboxamide
su 6656 SU 6656: a c-Src kinase inhibitor; used to probe growth signaling; structure in first source. SU6656 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which the hydrogeh at position 5 has been replaced by a dimethylaminosulfonyl group and in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indol-2-yl group. It is a specific inhibitor of Src family kinase.	2.03	1	0
casticin casticin: from fruit of Vitex rotundifolia; structure in second source. casticin : A tetramethoxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6, 7 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii.	2.6	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; tetramethoxyflavone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
irisquinone irisquinone: from seeds of Iris pallasii Iridaceae; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	2.04	1	0
icaritin icaritin: structure in first source	2.11	1	0
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.	2.6	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
(E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: Tyrosinase inhibitor from Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source. (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside : A stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside.	2.6	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; resorcinols; stilbenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor
furazolidone [no description available]	2.49	2	0
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	3.85	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
arcyriaflavin a arcyriaflavin A: from marine ascidian, Eudistoma sp.; structure given in first source	2	1	0	indolocarbazole
tyrphostin ag 555 [no description available]	2.81	3	0
tyrphostin ag-494 AG 494: tyrphostin that blocks Cdk2 activation; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
tyrphostin b44 tyrphostin B44: inhibits protein kinases; an analog of tyrphostin B46; B44(+) is B50, and is the stereoisomer of B44(-)	2.03	1	0
ag-490 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	catechols; enamide; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; STAT3 inhibitor
ag 112 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ag 183 AG 183: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.45	2	0	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.	2.05	1	0
su 11248 [no description available]	3.88	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrroles	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; neuroprotective agent; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
m475271 AZM475271: a Src family kinase inhibitor	3.31	1	0
nifuroxazide nifuroxazide: structure	2.13	1	0	benzoic acids
mitoguazone Mitoguazone: Antineoplastic agent effective against myelogenous leukemia in experimental animals. Also acts as an inhibitor of animal S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.. mitoguazone : A hydrazone obtained by formal condensation of the two carbonyl groups of methylglyoxal with the primary amino groups of two molecules of aminoguanidine.	2.04	1	0	guanidines; hydrazone	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 4.1.1.50 (adenosylmethionine decarboxylase) inhibitor
romidepsin depsipeptide : A natural or synthetic compound having a sequence of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually alpha-amino and alpha-hydroxy acids), commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating.	2.04	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide; heterocyclic antibiotic; organic disulfide	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine: adenosine antagonist. 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine : Caffeine substituted at its 8-position by an (E)-3-chlorostyryl group.	2.03	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
bay 11-7082 (E)-3-tosylacrylonitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the hydrogen located beta,trans to the cyano group is replaced by a tosyl group. It is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells.	2.04	1	0	nitrile; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor
bay 11-7085 BAY11-7085 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]sulfonyl and tert-butyl groups at position 1 and 4, respectively. It is an irreversible inhibitor of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells (IC50 = 10 muM) and prevents the activation of NF-kappaB.	2.03	1	0	benzenes; nitrile; sulfone	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.	4.66	8	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; indoles; organofluorine compound
molsidomine [no description available]	2.98	4	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.	2.03	1	0	1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide)
oxiconazole oxiconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer; structure given in first source. oxiconazole : An oxime O-ether that is the 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of the oxime obtained by formal condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetopnenone in which the phenyl group is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 4, and in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. An antifungal agent, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) in creams and powders for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; oxime O-ether	antiinfective agent
pd 151746 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
rg 13022 RG 13022: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
styrylquinoline styrylquinoline: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	2-styrylquinoline
nomifensine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
levorphanol Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.48	2	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
2-amino-6-chloropurine 6-chloroguanine: an antimalarial that inhibits hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; structure in first source. 6-chloroguanine : An organochlorine compound that is 7H-purin-2-amine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; organochlorine compound
naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.	4.4	6	0	cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.	3.59	2	0	6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene	antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic
nalbuphine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride
gallium Gallium: A rare, metallic element designated by the symbol, Ga, atomic number 31, and atomic weight 69.72.. gallium atom : A metallic element predicted as eka-aluminium by Mendeleev in 1870 and discovered by Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875. Named in honour of France (Latin Gallia) and perhaps also from the Latin gallus cock, a translation of Lecoq.	1.99	1	0	boron group element atom
butorphanol Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.	4.41	6	0	morphinane alkaloid	antitussive; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
cefodizime cefodizime: RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefodizime : A cephalosporin compound having 5-(carboxymethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.46	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
methylnaltrexone methylnaltrexone: RN given refers to parent cpd(5alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	phenanthrenes
cefixime [no description available]	4.76	9	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	11.52	13	0	dipeptide	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	4.07	4	0	benzazepine; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; lactam	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	4.41	6	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
verteporfin (2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.	3.73	2	0
batimastat batimastat: structure given in first source; a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. batimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3R)-5-methyl-3-{[(2S)-1-(methylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-[(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl]hexanoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It a broad-spectrum matrix metalloprotease inhibitor.	2.6	1	0	hydroxamic acid; L-phenylalanine derivative; organic sulfide; secondary carboxamide; thiophenes; triamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	6.61	15	1	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
zimeldine Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)	3.89	3	0	styrenes
kavain [no description available]	2.13	1	0	racemate	glycine receptor antagonist
isoalloxazine isoalloxazine: structure	2.03	1	0	benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione
enalapril maleate enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.	2.78	3	0	maleate salt	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	4.74	9	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
trimebutine maleate salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
vinblastine sulfate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
3-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1-benzopyran-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	isoflavones
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	2.45	2	0
trientine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.23	1	0
(2R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)-3-methyl-1-oxobutyl]amino]-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1-pyrimidinyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxolanyl]acetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide
n-methylscopolamine bromide scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.	3.87	3	0
ecdysterone Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.	2.05	1	0	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; ecdysteroid; phytoecdysteroid	animal metabolite; plant metabolite
bleomycin [no description available]	3.59	2	0	bleomycin	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	2.39	2	0	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
dextromethorphan hydrobromide dextromethorphan hydrobromide : The hydrobromide and monohydrate of the antitussive drug dextromethorphan.	2.03	1	0	hydrate; hydrobromide
enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.	4.41	6	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
naloxone hydrochloride naloxone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of naloxone and hydrogen chloride. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
imidapril imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; imidazolidines; N-acylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
s-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid farnesylthiosalicylic acid: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	sesquiterpenoid
sulindac sulfone sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
solanesol solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).	2.6	1	0	nonaprenol; primary alcohol	plant metabolite
pepstatin pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin	2.6	1	0	pentapeptide; secondary carboxamide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
ximelagatran ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.	3.87	3	0	amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor
cefuroxime [no description available]	4.65	8	0	3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether	drug allergen
ceftriaxone [no description available]	4.85	10	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.25	5	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug
hr 810 cefpirome: structure in first source. cefpirome : A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; cyclopentapyridine
l 685458 L 685458: a gamma-secretase inhibitor; structure in first source. L-685,458 : A peptide and carboxamide that is L-leucyl-L-phenylalaninamide, L-Leu-L-Phe-NH2, which has been acylated on the N-terminus by a Phe-Phe hydroxyethylene dipeptide isotere, 2R-benzyl-5S-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-4R-hydroxy-6-phenylhexanoic acid. Compounds based on the structure of L-685,458 are potent inhibitors of gamma-secretase, which mediates the final catalytic step that generates the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), which assembles into the neurotoxic aggregates in the brains of sufferers of Alzheimer's disease.	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester; monocarboxylic acid amide; peptide; secondary alcohol	EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor; peptidomimetic
2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazone 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazone: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	0
pafuramidine pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine	3.59	2	0
ceftazidime [no description available]	4.4	6	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
trandolapril trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.	4.26	5	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
naltrexone hydrochloride naltrexone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of oxycodone with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. it is a mu-opioid receptor antagonist that is used to treat alcohol dependence.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
pregabalin Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.	3.61	2	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker
n-benzyloxycarbonyl-leucyl-leucyl-phenylalaninal N-benzyloxycarbonyl-leucyl-leucyl-phenylalaninal: slow-binding reversible inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like activity	2.04	1	0
cefetamet cefetamet: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; structure given in first source. cefetamet : A cephalosporin compound having methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a cephalosporin antibiotic active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin
alvimopan anhydrous alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain	3.61	2	0	peptide
oxyfedrine Oxyfedrine: A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, heart failure, conduction defects, and myocardial infarction. It is a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors and acts as a coronary vasodilator and cardiotonic agent.	2.06	1	0	aromatic ketone
aliskiren aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene	antihypertensive agent
bms 806 BMS 806: prevents entry of HIV into cells by binding HIV envelope protein gp120; no further info available 4/2002	2.53	2	0
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone [no description available]	2.6	1	0
guanabenz acetate [no description available]	2.76	3	0	dichlorobenzene	geroprotector
guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.96	4	0	dichlorobenzene
nylidrin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	alkylbenzene
triprolidine hydrochloride anhydrous triprolidine hydrochloride (anh.) : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of triprolidine and hydrogen chloride. Its monohydrate is used for the symptomatic relief of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	H1-receptor antagonist
phentolamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
famotidine [no description available]	5.02	12	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
fenoterol fenoterol hydrobromide : The hydrobromide salt of fenoterol. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	2.03	1	0	hydrobromide	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
fendiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
tiapridex Tiapride Hydrochloride: A benzamide derivative that is used as a dopamine antagonist.	2.47	2	0	benzamides
quipazine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-(2-aminoethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride Ro 16-6491: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
nab-365 clenbuterol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of clenbuterol.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
tulobuterol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.52	2	0	organic molecular entity
hp 029 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
dithiazanine iodide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzothiazoles; organic iodide salt	anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome
3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine: RN given refers to parent cpd. dilC18(3)(1+) : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 3,3-dimethyl-1-octadecylindoleinine units at each end.	2.07	1	0	Cy5 dye; indolium ion	fluorochrome
carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.	2.07	1	0	cyanine dye; organic iodide salt	fluorochrome
salubrinal salubrinal: prevents dephosphorylation of eIF2alpha; structure in first source. salubrinal : A member of the class of quinolines that is a mixed aminal resulting from the formal condensation oftrichloroacetaldehyde with the amide nitrogen of trans-cinnamamide and the primary amino group of 1-quinolin-8-ylthiourea. It is a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha).	2.6	1	0	aminal; organochlorine compound; quinolines; secondary carboxamide; thioureas
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	4.67	8	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
aztreonam [no description available]	4.54	7	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
n,n,n-trimethyl-1-(4-stilbenoxy)-2-propylammonium iodide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; member of a class of cationic lipid formulations called cytofectins	1.99	1	0
6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2h-pyran-2-one 6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one: structure given in first source; potent irreversible, mechanism-based inhibitor of myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A2	2.03	1	0	naphthalenes
nf023 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nf 449 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
gr 46611 GR 46611: known to lower body temperature in guinea pigs	2.03	1	0
proguanil Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.	2.05	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
cci 15641 [no description available]	2.45	2	0	cephalosporin
rifamycin sv rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol; rifamycins	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b [no description available]	2.45	2	0
ro 42-5892 remikiren : An L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a (2S)-2-[(2-methylpropane-2-sulfonyl)methyl]-3-phenylpropanoyl group and the carboxy group is replaced by a [(2S,3R,4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydroxybutan-2-yl]amino group. It is a renin inhibitor which was under development for the treatment of hypertension (now discontinued).	2.46	2	0	cyclopropanes; diol; L-histidine derivative; secondary carboxamide; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.23.15 (renin) inhibitor; peptidomimetic; vasodilator agent
tellurium Tellurium: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol Te, atomic number 52, and atomic weight 127.60. It has been used as a coloring agent and in the manufacture of electrical equipment. Exposure may cause nausea, vomiting, and CNS depression.	2.07	1	0	chalcogen; metalloid atom
ceftiofur [no description available]	2.04	1	0
cefpodoxime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
palonosetron Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.	3.91	3	0	azabicycloalkane; delta-lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound	antiemetic; serotonergic antagonist
epoprostenol sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	prostanoid
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tenofovir disoproxil fumarate : A fumarate salt prepared from equimolar amounts of tenofovir disoproxil and fumaric acid. It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.52	2	0	fumarate salt	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
diacetylmonoxime diacetylmonoxime: used diagnostically for determining urea in blood; structure; myosin ATPase antagonist. diacetylmonoxime : A ketoxime obtained via formal condensation of butane-2,3-dione with hydroxylamine. It is a reversible myosin ATPase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0
cefatrizine Cefatrizine: Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.. cefatrizine : A cephalosporin compound having (1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)]acetamido side-groups. An antibacterial drug first prepared in the 1970s, it has more recently been found to be an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K), which is known to regulate apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress in many types of human cancers.	3.15	5	0	amino acid amide; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; phenols; semisynthetic derivative; triazoles	antibacterial drug; EC 2.7.11.20 (elongation factor 2 kinase) inhibitor
phtiobuzone phtiobuzone: ophthalmic antiviral agent; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
sinequan [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer) [no description available]	2.03	1	0
buflomedil hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone
vancomycin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
moxisylyte hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	monoterpenoid
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	2.03	1	0	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
eniporide eniporide: inhibits NHE-1 isoform; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate: RN given refers to unspecified fumarate	2.03	1	0
dexbrompheniramine maleate dexbrompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of the (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	2.08	1	0	brompheniramine maleate	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
hygromycin a hygromycin A: a cinnamide derivative produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus; structure differs from HYGROMYCIN B	3.25	6	0	hydroxycinnamic acid	metabolite
bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic Acid: An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.. bongkrekic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is docosa-2,4,8,10,14,18,20-heptaenedioic acid substituted at positions 2 ,5 and 17 by methyl groups, at positions 6 by a methoxy group and at position 20 by a carboxymethyl group. It is produced by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli and implicated in outbreaks of food-borne illness involving coconut and corn-based products in Indonesia and China.	2	1	0	ether; olefinic compound; tricarboxylic acid	apoptosis inhibitor; ATP/ADP translocase inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; toxin
flupirtine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tiacrilast tiacrilast: structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
cilastatin [no description available]	2.94	4	0	carboxamide; L-cysteine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organic sulfide	EC 3.4.13.19 (membrane dipeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
zimelidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
rifaximin [no description available]	3.61	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterohexacyclic compound; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative	antimicrobial agent; gastrointestinal drug; orphan drug
germacrone germacrone: isolated from Curcuma wenyujin	2.6	1	0	germacrane sesquiterpenoid; olefinic compound	androgen antagonist; anti-inflammatory agent; antifeedant; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antitussive; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; hepatoprotective agent; insecticide; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
sibiromycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; hemiaminal; phenols; pyrrolobenzodiazepine	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane: fluorescent probe for phospholipids; RN & structure given in first source	2.79	3	0
dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine: chemical name in article is incorrect - phosphatidylethandamine instead of phosphatidylethanolamine. dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.42	2	0	phosphatidylethanolamine
(2e,4e,6e,10e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid (2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid: an acyclic retinoid that suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
dehydrocurvularin [no description available]	3.41	1	0
5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine 5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0
5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available]	1.98	1	0
lithospermic acid [no description available]	2.6	1	0
everolimus [no description available]	6.48	7	1	cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
flutimide flutimide: isolated from Delitschia confertaspora; selectively inhibits the transcriptase of influenza viruses; structure given	2.05	1	0
laq824 LAQ824: Histone deacetylase inhibitor	2.6	1	0
ixabepilone [no description available]	3.86	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; beta-hydroxy ketone; epoxide; lactam; macrocycle	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
ekb 569 EKB 569: an EGF receptor kinase inhibitor	2.6	1	0	aminoquinoline; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile	protein kinase inhibitor
5-(2-iodovinyl)-1-(2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine) 5-(2-iodovinyl)-1-(2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine): structure given in first source	2	1	0
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione, (17z)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
su 4312 SU4312 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a p-(dimethylamino)phenyl group. SU 4312 is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor protein tyrosine kinase 1/2 and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor. It also inhibits the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and exhibits neuroprotection against NO-mediated neurotoxicity.	2.03	1	0
a 315675 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
rilpivirine [no description available]	2.53	2	0	aminopyrimidine; nitrile	EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
(1Ar,7aS,10aS,10bS)-1a,5-dimethyl-8-methylidene-2,3,6,7,7a,8,10a,10b-octahydrooxireno[9,10]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-9(1aH)-one [no description available]	2.6	1	0	germacranolide
dirithromycin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	macrolide antibiotic	prodrug
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid [no description available]	2.6	1	0	quinic acid
indigo carmine 3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.	2.6	1	0
rhinacanthin-c rhinacanthin-C: isolated from Rhinacanthus nasutus; structure in first source. rhinacanthin C : A naphthoquinone isolated from Rhinacanthus nasutus and has been shown to exhibit antiviral activity.	1.99	1	0
isoacteoside isoacteoside: a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Indian paintbrush (Verbenaceae) Castilleja linariaefolia; also in other plants; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
6-benzylthioinosine 6-benzylthioinosine: a subversive substrate of T gondii adenosine kinase; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
bms 433771 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
azlocillin Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.	2.97	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist	2.04	1	0
gw 1929 GW 1929: activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	benzophenones
cefpodoxime proxetil cefpodoxime proxetil: structure given in first source; prodrug for cefpodoxime. cefpodoxime proxetil : The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.	2.74	3	0	carboxylic acid; carboxylic ester; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; prodrug
synadenol synadenol: structure in first source	7.69	3	0
ceftizoxime [no description available]	4.24	5	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	3.86	3	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
carumonam carumonam: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha(Z))-isomer. carumonam : An N-sulfonated monobactam antibiotic.	2.04	1	0	monobactam	antibacterial drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	2.51	2	0
homochlorocyclizine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
butoxamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
scopolamine hydrobromide scopolamine hydrobromide (anhydrous) : A hydrobromide that is obtained by reaction of scopolamine with hydrogen bromide.	2.13	1	0
protriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant
emetine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
n(4)-chloroacetylcytosine arabinoside [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-(3-(cyclohexylidene-(1h-imidazol-4-ylmethyl))phenyl)ethanesulfonamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide N-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide: has anticonvulsant activity; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cb 34 CB 34: ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
b 43 RK-24466 : A member of the class of pyrrolopyrimidines that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted by amino, 4-phenoxyphenyl, and cyclopentyl groups at positions 4, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of Lck that inhibits Lck (64-509) and LckCD isoforms (IC50 of less than 1 and 2 nM, respectively).	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; cyclopentanes; primary amino compound; pyrrolopyrimidine	EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
(8R)-7-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
(8R)-7-propyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane 3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
2-(3,3-diphenylpropylamino)acetamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide 4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
gw2974 GW2974: quinazoline derivative, which is able to block the activation of both the EGFR and erbB2	2.03	1	0	pyridopyrimidine
l 162313 L 162313: a biphenylimidazole derivative; a non-peptide angiotensin agonist; no further information available 2/95	2.03	1	0
l-165041 4-(3-(2-propyl-3-hydroxy-4-acetyl)phenoxy)propyloxyphenoxy acetic acid: a PPAR-delta agonist has regulatory effects on a variety of adipokines, and these effects might explain some of their metabolic function.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ketone
mrs 1754 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.	2.03	1	0	nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
pd 404182 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sb 222200 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	quinolines
dantrolene sodium dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.	2.45	2	0
cr 2945 CR 2945: a member of non-peptide CCKB receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	4.77	9	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
sb 218795 SB 218795: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	quinolines
dihydroceramide N-acetylsphinganine : A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide acyl group is specified as acetyl.	2.03	1	0	N-acylsphinganine
nifurtimox Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.	2.05	1	0	nitrofuran antibiotic
epinephrine bitartrate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
bicuculline methobromide [no description available]	2.47	2	0
6 beta-hydroxycortisol 6 beta-hydroxycortisol: RN given refers to the (6beta,11beta)-isomer; see also record for 6 alpha-hydrocortisol. 6beta-hydroxycortisol : A C21-steroid that is cortisol bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6beta-position. In humans, it is produced as a metabolite of cortisol by cytochrome p450-3A4 (CYP3A4, an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds) and can be used to detect moderate and potent CYP3A4 inhibition in vivo.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; 6beta-hydroxy steroid; C21-steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mammalian metabolite; probe
butylscopolammonium bromide Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.	2.75	3	0
androst-16-en-3-one androst-16-en-3-one: boar taint steroid; RN given refers to (5alpha)-isomer. 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one : An androstanoid that is 5alpha-androst-16-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It is a steroid pheromone found in high concentrations in the saliva of male pigs,.	2.13	1	0	3-oxo steroid; androstanoid	mammalian metabolite; pheromone
butaclamol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
dihydroouabain [no description available]	2.13	1	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; radiosensitizing agent
LSM-6455 [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide ergot alkaloid
estradiol 17-acetate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid ester
gadolinium dtpa Gadolinium DTPA: A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)	4.31	1	1	gadolinium coordination entity	MRI contrast agent
eritoran eritoran : A lipid A derivative used for the treatment of severe sepsis.	2.04	1	0	lipid As
dantrolene [no description available]	4.07	4	0
roxithromycin (E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.	2.47	2	0	roxithromycin	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cefdinir [no description available]	3.61	2	0	cephalosporin; ketoxime	antibacterial drug
fumagillin [no description available]	2.41	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; carboxylic ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; meroterpenoid; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; fungal metabolite; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
etonogestrel [no description available]	3.23	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin
a 38503 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt [no description available]	2.08	1	0
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sk&f 89976-a [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cv 1808 2-phenylaminoadenosine: has coronary & cardiohemodynamic effects	2.03	1	0	purine nucleoside
artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether	5	11	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer
beraprost beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.	2.05	1	0	enyne; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
lanreotide [no description available]	2.05	1	0
etoposide phosphate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	furonaphthodioxole
dexniguldipine niguldipine: structure given in first source; clinical modulator of multidrug resistance	2.04	1	0	diarylmethane
ciclesonide ciclesonide: nasal spray approved for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
napsagatran napsagatran: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
rmp 7 RMP 7: a synthetic bradykinin analog; selectively increases uptake of molecular tracers in RG2 glial tumors	2.68	3	0
temsirolimus [no description available]	3.87	3	0	macrolide lactam
dutasteride Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.	3.61	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
(3S,6S,9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-Butan-2-yl]-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-9-(6-oxooctyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone [no description available]	2.6	1	0	oligopeptide
tekturna [no description available]	2.08	1	0	fumarate salt	antihypertensive agent
dihydroartemisinin [no description available]	2.17	1	0	sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial
lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension	4.1	4	0	diarylmethane
bms188797 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bibx 1382bs BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001	3.59	2	0	substituted aniline
vildagliptin [no description available]	2.58	2	0	amino acid amide
fesoterodine fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
belinostat [no description available]	2.6	1	0	hydroxamic acid; olefinic compound; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
hdac-42 HDAC-42: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
isoborneol isoborneol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.08	1	0	borneol
acetylcarnitine O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.	2.05	1	0	O-acetylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.	2.41	2	0	ammonium ion derivative
(3aR,6aR)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[oxo(2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-3a,6a-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-4,6-dione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrrolidines
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	2.9	3	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
sgd 301-76 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; organic nitrate salt	antiinfective agent
fluvoxamine maleate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.	1.99	1	0
thioacetazone Thioacetazone: A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217). thiosemicarbazone : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.	2.46	2	0
azimilide azimilide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to dihydrochloride	2.04	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
nifurtoinol nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
gemifloxacin Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.	3.23	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
gs-7340 tenofovir alafenamide: component of Biktarvy. tenofovir alafenamide : An L-alanine derivative that is isopropyl L-alaninate in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an (S)-({[(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)(phenoxy)phosphoryl group. A prodrug for tenofovir, it is used (as the fumarate salt) in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.	2.66	2	0	6-aminopurines; ether; isopropyl ester; L-alanine derivative; phosphoramidate ester	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
dexlansoprazole Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.	3.61	2	0	benzimidazoles; sulfoxide
gemifloxacin mesylate gemifloxacin mesylate : The mesylate salt of gemifloxacin.	2.08	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
naloxone benzoylhydrazone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
fosinopril [no description available]	3.85	3	0
armodafinil armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.	3.23	1	0	2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide	central nervous system stimulant; eugeroic
2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by reaction of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo. Reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in the inflamed rat hind paw.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
iniparib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
amiprilose [no description available]	2.03	1	0
(R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride (R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (R)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
n-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(n-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.6	1	0
pri-2205 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
mk 0752 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
eflucimibe eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor	2.05	1	0
givinostat [no description available]	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester
tomopenem [no description available]	2.45	2	0
pd 144418 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
spc-839 SPC-839: an inhibitor of activator protein 1; structure in first source	3.31	1	0
bicyclol bicyclol: an antihepatitis drug, on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rats.	9	2	1
midostaurin midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.	2.6	1	0	benzamides; gamma-lactam; indolocarbazole; organic heterooctacyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.	3.23	1	0	oligopeptide
tapentadol Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
etomoxir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
ly 450139 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	peptide
bb-83698 BB-83698: peptide deformylase inhibitor	2.04	1	0
pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	3.59	2	0	organic molecular entity
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
desmethylselegiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-morpholino-sydnonimine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	2.73	3	0	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
cefditoren cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.	3.23	1	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
t 1032 T 1032: a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cp 724714 2-methoxy-N-(3-(4-((3-methyl-4-((6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy)phenyl)amino)-6-quinazolinyl)-2-propenyl)acetamide: CP-724714 is the ((2E)-isomer, 1:1.5 succinate); structure in first source	3.31	1	0	2-methoxy-N-[3-[4-[3-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]anilino]-6-quinazolinyl]prop-2-enyl]acetamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
rivaroxaban Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.	3.11	4	0	aromatic amide; lactam; monocarboxylic acid amide; morpholines; organochlorine compound; oxazolidinone; thiophenes	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
zotarolimus zotarolimus: synthetic analog of rapamycin; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	lactam; macrolide
treosulfan treosulfan: immunosuppressant; RN given refers to (S-(R,R))-isomer	7.47	2	0	methanesulfonate ester
sb 3ct compound SB 3CT compound: a matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether
qx-314 bromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
(S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride (S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (S)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sr 59230a 3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-ylamino)-2-propanol oxalate: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
zd 6126 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
u 74389g [no description available]	2.03	1	0
thymic humoral factor gamma 2 thymic humoral factor gamma 2: synthetic octapeptide thymic hormone which repairs immunodeficiency of mice cured of plasmacytoma by melphalan	6.99	1	0
ginsenoside rb1 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; anti-obesity agent; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	3.3	6	0
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
y 27632, dihydrochloride, (4(r)-trans)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bn 52020 [no description available]	2.45	2	0
zm 447439 ZM447439 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 4, 6 and 7 by a (4-benzamidophenyl)nitrilo group, methoxy group and a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy group, respectively. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Aurora A and Aurora B kinases with IC50 of 110 nM and 130 nM, respectively.	3.31	1	0	aromatic ether; benzamides; morpholines; polyether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Aurora kinase inhibitor
hki 272 [no description available]	2.08	1	0	nitrile; quinolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
nkp 608 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
tofacitinib tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.	2.52	2	0	N-acylpiperidine; nitrile; pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound	antirheumatic drug; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
rucaparib AG14447: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	azepinoindole; caprolactams; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
noscapine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
6h-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6s)- [no description available]	2.6	1	0	organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound
a 77636 (1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by mixing equimolar amounts of (1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol with hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist (pEC50 values are 8.97 and < 5 for D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Displays anti-Parkinsonian activity following oral administration in vivo.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
cetilistat cetilistat: lipase inhibitor in randomized, placebo-controlled study of weight reduction in obese patients (3/2007)	2.6	1	0	benzoxazine
ym 201636 6-amino-N-(3-(4-(4-morpholinyl)pyrido(3',2'-4,5)furo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide: an antiviral agent; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	aromatic amide
ganu GANU: differs from chlorozotocin by placement of cytotoxic group on C-1 of the glucose ring; less myelosuppressive than chlorozotocin; structure	2.04	1	0
cgp 20712a CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A	2.03	1	0
linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.	2.6	1	0	aminopiperidine; quinazolines	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
pazopanib pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.	4.11	4	0	aminopyrimidine; indazoles; sulfonamide	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
azd 6244 AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor	2.54	2	0	benzimidazoles; bromobenzenes; hydroxamic acid ester; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
levodopa methyl ester hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
odanacatib odanacatib: a selective inhibitor of cathepsin K for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
prasugrel hydrochloride Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.	3.23	1	0
heptakis(2,6-o-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin: stimulant for Bordetella pertussis Phase I	2.03	1	0
apilimod [no description available]	2.6	1	0
apixaban [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; lactam; piperidones; pyrazolopyridine	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
bibw 2992 [no description available]	3.31	1	0	aromatic ether; enamide; furans; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; quinazolines; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
benalfocin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
artenimol artenimol: derivative of antimalarial drug artemisinin (quinghaosu)	2.11	1	0
betrixaban betrixaban: a highly potent, selective, and orally efficacious factor Xa inhibitor; structure in first source. betrixaban : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamimidoyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-N-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-methoxybenzamide. A synthetic anticoagulant compound that targets activated factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.	2.6	1	0	benzamides; guanidines; monochloropyridine; monomethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
edoxaban edoxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is used (as its tosylate monohydrate) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.	2.6	1	0	chloropyridine; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound; thiazolopyridine	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor
saracatinib [no description available]	3.82	2	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; diether; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; oxanes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; radiosensitizing agent
lu 19005 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide boceprevir : A synthetic tripeptide consisting of N-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl, a cyclopropyl-fused prolyl and 3-amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide residues joined in sequence. Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.	2.6	1	0	tripeptide; ureas	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
benoxathian hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
((2-n-butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-oxo-1h-inden-5-yl)oxy)acetic acid, (+)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-cyclopropyl adenosine-5'-carboxamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ly 411575 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	dibenzoazepine; difluorobenzene; lactam; secondary alcohol	EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
galidesivir [no description available]	2.6	1	0
PB28 PB28 : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin that is substituted by 3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a sigma 2 (sigma2) receptor agonist (Ki = 0.68 nM) and exhibits antineoplastic and anti SARS-CoV-2 activities.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; piperazines; tetralins	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; sigma-2 receptor agonist
amg 009 AMG 009: an anti-inflammatory agent; structure in first source	2.08	1	0
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	3.25	1	0
vinflunine vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent
cefotaxime sodium [no description available]	2.77	3	0	organic sodium salt
baci-im [no description available]	3.87	3	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide; zwitterion	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent
metamelfalan [no description available]	2.04	1	0
calpain inhibitor iii calpain inhibitor III: potential anticataract drug	2.03	1	0
degrasyn degrasyn: a JAK2 kinase inhibitor that induces rapid degradation of c-Myc protein in MM-1 multiple myeloma and other tumor cell lines; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
epoxomicin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	morpholines; tripeptide	proteasome inhibitor
bms 477118 [no description available]	3.73	2	0	adamantanes; azabicycloalkane; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; tertiary alcohol	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
pha 680632 PHA 680632: Aurora kinase inhibitor with potent antitumoral activity; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
tmc 353121 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
amd 070 mavorixafor: a derivative of AMD3100; a CXCR4 blocker	2.6	1	0	aminoquinoline
danoprevir [no description available]	2.6	1	0
nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.	4.25	5	0	nystatins
bms-626529 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
bms-663068 fostemsavir: an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
amenamevir ASP2151: a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor, in a guinea pig model of genital herpes; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
vx 765 belnacasan: a NSAID	2.6	1	0	dipeptide
Dihydrotanshinone I dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae	2.6	1	0	abietane diterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
alogliptin alogliptin: structure in first source. alogliptin : A piperidine that is 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine carrying additional 2-cyanobenzyl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used in the form of its benzoate salt for treatment of type 2 diabetes.	2.6	1	0	nitrile; piperidines; primary amino compound; pyrimidines	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
azd 8931 sapitinib : A member of the class of quinazolines that is 4-amino-7-methoxyquinazoline in which the amino group has been substituted by a 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl group and in which position 6 of the quinoline ring has been substituted by a {1-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]piperidin-4-yl}oxy group. Sapitinib is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of epithelial growth factor receptors (EGFR) HER2 and HER3.	3.31	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
fr 180204 FR 180204: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	pyrazoles; ring assembly
GR 127935 hydrochloride GR 127935 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of GR 127935 with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (pKi values are 8.5 for both guinea pig 5-HT1D and rat 5-HT1B receptors). Displays > 100-fold selectivity over 5HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors and other receptor types. Centrally active following oral administration.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	serotonergic antagonist
pf 00299804 dacomitinib: a pan-ERBB inhibitor. dacomitinib : A member of the class of quinazolines that is 7-methoxyquinazoline-4,6-diamine in which the amino group at position 4 is substituted by a 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl group and the amino group at position 6 is substituted by an (E)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)but-2-enoyl group.	3.31	1	0	enamide; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
artemisone artemisone: second-generation semi-synthetic artemisinin derivative for antimalarial therapy devoid of neurotoxicity	2.59	2	0
quisinostat [no description available]	2.6	1	0	indoles
mrs 1845 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
carfilzomib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	epoxide; morpholines; tetrapeptide	antineoplastic agent; proteasome inhibitor
hcv 796 HCV 796: inhibits HCV RdRp; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
resminostat resminostat: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
milnacipran [no description available]	3.23	1	0	acetamides
vindesine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
zk 756326 2-(2-(4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol: a CC chemokine receptor CCR8 agonist; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether
balapiravir balapiravir: a prodrug of R1479; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
trametinib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	acetamides; aromatic amine; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound; organoiodine compound; pyridopyrimidine; ring assembly	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
deoxyarbutin 4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenol: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
abexinostat abexinostat: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	benzofurans
losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.	7.74	12	1
silvestrol silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris. silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.	2.6	1	0	dioxanes; ether; methyl ester; organic heterotricyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
narlaprevir narlaprevir: an antiviral agent that inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3 protease. narlaprevir : An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by [(3S)-1-(cyclopropylamino)-1,2-dioxoheptan-3-yl]aminoacyl and N-({1-[(tert-butylsulfonyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}carbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl groups at positions 2S and 3, respectively. It is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor (Ki = 6 nM) that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.	2.6	1	0	azabicyclohexane; cyclopropanes; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone; tertiary carboxamide; ureas	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; hepatitis C protease inhibitor
teneligliptin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	amino acid amide
jnj-26483327 JNJ-26483327: an orally active macrocyclic tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of patients with advanced solid tumours; in Phase I trial, 9/2010	3.31	1	0
technetium tc 99m exametazime Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime: A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.	2	1	0
diflucortolone Diflucortolone: A topical glucocorticoid used in various DERMATOSES. It is absorbed through the skin, bound to plasma albumin, and may cause adrenal suppression. It is also administered as the valerate.	2.04	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alaproclate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ubenimex [no description available]	2.03	1	0	peptide
3-chloroalanine hydrochloride, (l-ala)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
dsp 4 hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	2.03	1	0	benzoxazole
(2-(2',6'-dimethoxy)phenoxyethylamino)methylbenzodioxan hydrochloride N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
2-cyclooctyl-2-hydroxyethylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cirazoline monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
adtn [no description available]	2.03	1	0
apocodeine hydrochloride, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
Dihydro-beta-erythroidine hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles
lilly 78335 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
efaroxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
fenoldopam hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of 1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent and selective inhibitor of dopamine uptake (KD = 5.5 nM in rat striatal membranes).	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	dopamine uptake inhibitor
guvacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide, (r)-isomer, [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
1-(2-(4-(4-fluoro-benzoyl)-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-indol-2-one LY-310762 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reation of equimolar amount of LY-310762 with hydrogen chloride. A potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D (5-HT1D) receptor.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	receptor modulator; serotonergic antagonist
4-iodoclonidine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
dextrothyroxine [no description available]	4.37	5	0
4-methylpyrazole monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tele-methylhistamine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester, monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
octoclothepine maleate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-(n-phenethyl-n-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
du 24565 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-methoxyidazoxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ro 25-6981 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sk&f 77434 N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide : A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Selective dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (IC50 values are 19.7 and 2425 nM for binding to D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo.	2.03	1	0	hydrobromide	dopamine agonist; prodrug
3-[(6aR,9R,10aR)-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-yl]-1,1-diethylurea [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
veliparib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	benzimidazoles	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	4.41	6	0
dactolisib dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.	2.08	1	0	imidazoquinoline; nitrile; quinolines; ring assembly; ureas	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; mTOR inhibitor
pf 03491390 [no description available]	2.54	2	0
arabinofuranosyluracil Arabinofuranosyluracil: A pyrimidine nucleoside formed in the body by the deamination of CYTARABINE.	6.24	27	0
demethylcantharidin demethylcantharidin: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
alloin [no description available]	2.6	1	0	anthracenes; C-glycosyl compound; cyclic ketone; phenols	laxative; metabolite
atropine sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-((3-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido)glucopyranose [no description available]	2.04	1	0
ro 6-4563 glibornuride: was MH 1975-92 (see under SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS to search GLIBORNURIDE 1975-92; an oral, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion	2.04	1	0	monoterpenoid
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	2.11	1	0
1-deoxynojirimycin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
rabeprazole sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
win 62577 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	2.01	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mdv 3100 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzamides; imidazolidinone; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; thiocarbonyl compound	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
Benzotriazol-1-yl 1H-indole-5-carboxylate [no description available]	2.17	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid	anticoronaviral agent
macitentan [no description available]	2.31	1	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound; pyrimidines; ring assembly; sulfamides	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist; orphan drug
azd 1152-hqpa AZD2811: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	3.31	1	0	anilide; monofluorobenzenes; primary alcohol; pyrazoles; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; Aurora kinase inhibitor
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
bms-650032 asunaprevir: an NS3 protease inhibitor against hepatitis C virus	2.6	1	0	oligopeptide
bisaramil [no description available]	2.04	1	0
rg 7128 2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3',5'-diisobutyryldeoxycytidine: inhibits HCV polymerase; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	2	1	0
bivalirudin bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.	3.61	2	0	polypeptide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
somatostatin [no description available]	2.08	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone
teicoplanin teicoplanin A2-1 : A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group.	2.45	2	0
tannins gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).	2.05	1	0	tannin
enfuvirtide Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.	3.55	2	0
thymalfasin Thymalfasin: A thymus hormone polypeptide found in thymosin fraction 5 (a crude thymus gland extract) but now produced by synthesis. It is used alone or with interferon as an immunomodulator for the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. Thymalfasin is also used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, and to enhance the efficacy of influenza and hepatitis B vaccines in immunocompromised patients.	3.31	1	0	polypeptide
ganirelix [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	2	1	0	peptide hormone
beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC).	1.98	1	0
teriparatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
salmon calcitonin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone; polypeptide	bone density conservation agent; metabolite
oligonucleotides [no description available]	3.52	2	0
ly-146032 [no description available]	4.08	4	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; lipopeptide antibiotic; lipopeptide; macrocycle; macrolide	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; calcium-dependent antibiotics
dalbavancin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	carbohydrate acid derivative; glycopeptide; monosaccharide derivative; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
oritavancin oritavancin : A semisynthetic glycopeptide used (as its bisphosphate salt) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of designated Gram-positive microorganisms including MRSA.	2.6	1	0	disaccharide derivative; glycopeptide; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
exenatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
N-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-pyrazolyl]methyl]-2-(2-pyridinyl)ethanamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrazoles; ring assembly
warfarin sodium warfarin sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin sodium. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.	2.08	1	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.13	1	0	glycoside
quinine sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrate
quercetin [no description available]	2.03	1	0
endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)	2.47	2	0
rv 538, (r-(r,r))-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1s-cis)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
pevonedistat pevonedistat: a potent and selective inhibitor of NAE (NEDD8-activating enzyme). pevonedistat : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted by a (1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylnitrilo group at position 4 and by a (1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-[(sulfamoyloxy)methyl]cyclopentyl group at position 7. It is a potent and selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.7 nM, and currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes.	2.6	1	0	cyclopentanols; indanes; pyrrolopyrimidine; secondary amino compound; sulfamidate	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
uk 453,061 UK 453,061: a reverse transcriptase inhibitor/anti-HIV agent; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether
pravastatin sodium pravastatin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of pravastatin. A reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), it is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug
alendronate sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0
valproate sodium Epilim: oral sodium valproate used as antidepressive agent. sodium valproate : The sodium salt of valproic acid.. valproate : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valproic acid.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	geroprotector
N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic amide
sl 80.0750 [no description available]	2.08	1	0
flucloronide flucloronide: synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-83); on-line & Index Medicus search PREGNADIENETROLS (75-83); RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt	2.44	2	0	organic lithium salt	fluorochrome
chitosan [no description available]	2.99	4	0
icotinib [no description available]	3.31	1	0
arginine butyrate arginine butyrate: protects against lethal effect of encelphalomyocarditis virus in mice; also used to administer butyrate to stimulate globin gene expression in beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia	8.2	6	1
tegobuvir tegobuvir: a non-structural protein 5B polymerase inhibitor	2.6	1	0
pf-429242 PF-429242: a subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease inhibitor	2.6	1	0
mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.	4.08	4	0	organosulfonic acid
u 63557a [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	2.44	2	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
ampicillin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt
cerivastatin sodium cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (synthetic)
penicillin g potassium benzylpenicillin potassium : Organic potassium salt of benzylpenicillin.	2.13	1	0	organic potassium salt
clavulanate potassium potassium clavulanate : A potassium salt having clavulanate as the counterion. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has only weak anitbiotic activity when administered alone. However it can be used in combination with amoxicillin trihydrate (under the trade name Augmentin) for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, where it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamases.	2.49	2	0	potassium salt	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefamandole nafate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug; prodrug
taurocholic acid, monosodium salt [no description available]	2.44	2	0	bile salt
sodium lactate Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.	3.23	1	0	lactate salt; organic sodium salt	food acidity regulator; food preservative
cefmetazole sodium cefmetazole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefmetazole.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	antimicrobial agent
piperacillin sodium [no description available]	2.51	2	0	organic sodium salt
monensin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
cefoxitin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
sodium iothalamate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
nafcillin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt
oxacillin sodium [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt
raltegravir potassium Raltegravir Potassium: A pyrrolidinone derivative and HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITOR that is used in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS for the treatment of HIV INFECTION.	3.46	1	1
amphotericin b, deoxycholate drug combination [no description available]	3.21	1	0
cefamandole nafate cefamandole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefamandole.	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug
sodium diatrizoate histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.49	2	0	organic sodium salt; organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
fusidate sodium [no description available]	2.03	1	0
acid blue 40 Acid Blue 40: a textile dye; structure in first source	2.11	1	0
estrone sulfate, potassium salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cephapirin sodium cephapirin sodium : The sodium salt of cephapirin. A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, it is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Being more resistant to beta-lactamases than penicillins, it is effective agains most staphylococci, though not methicillin-resistant staphylococci.	2.03	1	0	cephalosporin; organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug
sodium cephalothin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt
cefazolin sodium cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.	2.77	3	0	organic sodium salt
5-hydroxydecanoic acid, monosodium salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ro13-9904 Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.	2.69	3	0
phenytoin sodium [no description available]	2.03	1	0
naproxen sodium naproxen sodium : An organic sodium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of naproxen(1-) anions and sodium anions.	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cr 1409 lorglumide sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-lorglumide sodium.	2.03	1	0
azlocillin sodium [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic sodium salt
sodium pertechnetate tc 99m Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m: A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular and cerebral circulation, brain, thyroid, and joints.	2.08	1	0
cortisol succinate, sodium salt hydrocortisone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; Synonyms Solu-Cortef & sopolcort H refer to Na salt	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
olaparib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	cyclopropanes; monofluorobenzenes; N-acylpiperazine; phthalazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
hygromycin b [no description available]	3.5	8	0
cx 4945 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
pci 34051 PCI 34051: an HDAC8 inhibitor	2.6	1	0	indolecarboxamide
lomibuvir lomibuvir: an antiviral agent with polymerase NS5 inhibitory activity	2.6	1	0	thiophenecarboxylic acid
delanzomib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	C-terminal boronic acid peptide; phenylpyridine; secondary alcohol; threonine derivative	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; proteasome inhibitor
pitavastatin(1-) pitavastatin(1-) : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pitavastatin, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.	2.6	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
GRL-0617 GRL-0617 : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-amino-2-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine. It is a potent noncovalent inhibitor (IC50 = 600 nM) of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus papain-like protease (SARS-CoV PLpro).	2.6	1	0	benzamides; naphthalenes; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	anticoronaviral agent; protease inhibitor
N-[4-[3-[[[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]amino]-oxomethyl]-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester CAY10603: a HDAC6 inhibitor	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester
niraparib niraparib: structure in first source. niraparib : A 2-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide that has S-configuration. It is a potent inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 3.8 and 2.1 nM, respectively) and approved as a first-line maintenance treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer after responding to platinum-based chemotherapy.	2.6	1	0	2-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; radiosensitizing agent
navitoclax [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aryl sulfide; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; piperazines; secondary amino compound; sulfone; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
jzl 184 JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	benzodioxoles
gsk 650394 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	phenylpyridine
oprozomib ONX 0912: antineoplastic; an orally active proteasome inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
trelstar Triptorelin Pamoate: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitution at residue 6.	2.02	1	0
cetrorelix cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.	3.58	2	0	oligopeptide	antineoplastic agent; GnRH antagonist
neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91	2.47	2	0	peptide hormone	human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary
hainanolide hainanolide: from bark of Cephalotaxux hainensis	2.04	1	0
az 960 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
golgicide a golgicide A: inhibits the cis-golgi ArfGEF GBF1; structure in first source. golgicide A : A diastereoisomeric mixture comprising racemic cis- and racemic trans-goglioside A in a 10:1 ratio. It is a potent and rapidly reversible GBF1 (Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) inhibitor. The (3aS,4R,9bR) isomer is the most active (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 22, 5177-5181).	2.6	1	0	diastereoisomeric mixture	cis-Golgi ArfGEF GBF inhibitor
incb-018424 [no description available]	2.89	3	0	nitrile; pyrazoles; pyrrolopyrimidine	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
cobicistat [no description available]	2.6	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; monocarboxylic acid amide; morpholines; ureas	P450 inhibitor
bms-790052 daclatasvir: an HCV NS5A inhibitor. daclatasvir : A member of the class of biphenyls that is a potent inhibitor of nonstructural protein 5A and is used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of hepatitis C.	2.6	1	0	biphenyls; carbamate ester; carboxamide; imidazoles; valine derivative	antiviral drug; nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
ixazomib ixazomib: a proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; MLN2238 is the biologically active form of MLN9708; structure in first source. ixazomib : A glycine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)glycine with the amino group of [(1R)-1-amino-3-methylbutyl]boronic acid. The active metabolite of ixazomib citrate, it is used in combination therapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.	2.6	1	0	benzamides; boronic acids; dichlorobenzene; glycine derivative	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite; orphan drug; proteasome inhibitor
ucph 101 2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(naphthalen-1-yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
gliocladic acid gliocladic acid: from Gliocladium virens, Chaetomium globosum & Trichoderma viride; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid
arry-334543 ARRY-334543: an antagonist of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2); structure in first source	3.31	1	0
5-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aryl sulfide; thienopyrimidine
baricitinib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	azetidines; nitrile; pyrazoles; pyrrolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antirheumatic drug; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
quad pill Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination: A pharmaceutical preparation of the ANTI-HIV AGENTS elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate that is used in the treatment of HIV INFECTIONS.	2.41	1	0
KOM70144 KOM70144 : A benzamide that is GRL-0617 in which one of the hydrogen's of the primary amino group is replaced by an acetyl group. It an inhibitor of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) with an IC50 of 2.6 muM and 5.0 muM, respectively. It also inhibits SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells in vitro (EC50 values are 13.1 and 21 muM, respectively).	2.6	1	0	acetamides; benzamides; naphthalenes; secondary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; protease inhibitor
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.86	3	0
pht 427 4-dodecyl-N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
e-52862 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
ly2811376 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	9.52	5	1
sodium artesunate [no description available]	2.08	1	0
pf-4778574 PF-4778574: structure in first source	2.07	1	0
anagliptin anagliptin: anagliptin hydrochloride salt is the active compound	2.6	1	0	amino acid amide
scopadulciol scopadulciol: InChIKey: CFPMRJFTBKYCRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N	8.82	3	0
cleistanthin cleistanthin: lignan lactone toxic glycoside from Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb); structure. cleistanthin A : A member of the class of cleistanthins that is the 4-O-3,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside of 1,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4-ol which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7, and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 9. It is one of the toxic principles in Cleistanthus collinus.	2.04	1	0	cleistanthins; xylose derivative	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic
gardiquimod [no description available]	2.6	1	0
grazoprevir grazoprevir: has antiviral activity; component of Zepatier. grazoprevir : An azamacrocyclic compound that is a hepatitis C protease inhibitor used in combination with elbasvir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; azamacrocycle; carbamate ester; cyclopropanes; lactam; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; quinoxaline derivative	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent
abt-450 paritaprevir: inhibits HCV NS3 protease. paritaprevir : An azamacrocycle which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	2.6	1	0
letermovir letermovir: has antiviral activity; structure in first source	8.44	30	0
colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	2.11	1	0
sofosbuvir Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.	2.6	1	0	isopropyl ester; L-alanyl ester; nucleotide conjugate; organofluorine compound; phosphoramidate ester	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; prodrug
5-(4-amino-1-propan-2-yl-3-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine sapanisertib: an mTOR inhibitor	2.6	1	0	benzoxazole
blz 945 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
azd3839 AZD3839: a BACE1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
abemaciclib [no description available]	2.31	1	0
pf 3084014 nirogacestat: an antineoplastic agent. nirogacestat : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted by a 1-[(2,2-dimethylpropyl)amino]-2-methylpropan-2-yl group at position 1 and a {N-[(2S)-6,8-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-L-norvalyl}amino group at position 4. It is a gamma-secretase inhibitor whose hydrobromide salt is indicated for adult patients with progressing desmoid tumours who require systemic treatment.	2.6	1	0
unc 0638 UNC 0638: inhibits lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	quinazolines
gs-9620 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
n-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide N-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: structure in first source	2.6	1	0
bms 708163 BMS 708163: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	oxadiazole; ring assembly
jq1 compound [no description available]	2.6	1	0	carboxylic ester; organochlorine compound; tert-butyl ester; thienotriazolodiazepine	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; ferroptosis inducer
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone 1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone: a USP7 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
gsk525762a molibresib: mimicks acetylated histones; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	benzodiazepine
ML240 ML240 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2, 5 and 8 by 2-amino-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, benzylnitrilo and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a ATP-competetive inhibitor of AAA ATPase p97, also known as valosin-containing protein (VCP).	3.86	2	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; primary amino compound; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent
birinapant birinapant: a Smac mimetic with antineoplastic activity	2.6	1	0	dipeptide
ly2886721 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
nms-p118 NMS-P118: a PARP-1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
tubastatin a [no description available]	2.6	1	0	hydroxamic acid; pyridoindole; tertiary amino compound	EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
pracinostat pracinostat : A hydroxamic acid that is N-hydroxyacrylamide which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl group (the E isomer). An orally available pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor with demonstrated activity in the treatment of advanced solid tumours.	2.6	1	0	benzimidazole; hydroxamic acid; olefinic compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
nimorazole [no description available]	2.04	1	0
spautin-1 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.	1.97	1	0
ldn 57444 LDN 57444: inhibitor of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
gsk1210151a GSK1210151A: inhibitor of the BET family of proteins; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	imidazoquinoline
i-bet726 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
acy-1215 ricolinostat: an HDAC6 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	pyrimidinecarboxylic acid
heparitin sulfate Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.	2.13	1	0
o-(2-fluoroethyl)tyrosine O-(2-fluoroethyl)tyrosine: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cudc-907 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	4.25	5	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
raltegravir [no description available]	3.71	2	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; dicarboxylic acid amide; hydroxypyrimidine; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidone; secondary carboxamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
coumermycin coumermycin: RN given refers to coumermycin A1; structure. coumermycin A1 : A hydroxycoumarin antibiotic that is obtained from Streptomyces rishiriensis and exhibits potent antibacterial and anticancer activity.	6.98	1	0	aromatic amide; coumarins; glycoside; heteroarenecarboxylate ester; pyrroles	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	2.45	2	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	5.17	14	0
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	2.96	4	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	4.67	8	0
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	4.86	10	0
dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.	2.05	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam [no description available]	4.86	10	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
roquinimex roquinimex: structure in first source	2.75	3	0	aromatic amide
acenocoumarol Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.	2.49	2	0	C-nitro compound; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
meclocycline [no description available]	2.02	1	0
bactobolin bactobolin: from Pseudomonas sp. BN-183; has MF C14-H20-Cl2-N2-O6; RN given refers to parent cpd(R*)-isomer	2.04	1	0	amino acid amide
lfm a13 LFM-A13 : An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the amino group of 2,5-dibromoaniline. It is a dual-function inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Polo-like kinases (PLK) that exhibits anticancer properties.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amide; dibromobenzene; enamide; enol; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.21 (polo kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; platelet aggregation inhibitor
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.	4.97	11	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.	3.56	8	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	2.97	4	0	benzothiazine; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antirheumatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	5.09	13	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
ascorbate-2-phosphate ascorbate-2-phosphate: inhibitor of ascorbate-2-sulfate sulfohydrolase from bovine liver. L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate : An aldonolactone phosphate that is the 2-phosphate ester of L-ascorbic acid. It can stimulate collagen formation.	1.98	1	0	aldonolactone phosphate
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	4.07	4	0
phenprocoumon Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
tipranavir tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.	4.15	4	0	sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
l 701324 L 701324: a glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0	quinolines
tasquinimod tasquinimod: a lead second generation quinoline-3-carboxamide anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of prostate cancer; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
rolitetracycline Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.	2.45	2	0
hispidin hispidin: metabolite of Basidiomycete Polyporus hispidus. hispidin : Fungal metabolite first found in basidiomycete Inonotus hispidus (formerly Polyporus hispidus).	2.03	1	0	2-pyranones; catechols	antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
minocycline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
demeclocycline hydrochloride demeclocycline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of demeclocycline. A tetracycline antibiotic, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	2.47	2	0
tigecycline [no description available]	4.27	5	0
lornoxicam lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.	2.47	2	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gsk1265744 [no description available]	2.6	1	0	difluorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary carboxamide	HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
abt-267 ombitasvir: inhibits HCV NS5A protein, component of Viekirax. ombitasvir : A dipeptide derivative which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	2.6	1	0	aromatic amide; carbamate ester; dipeptide; pyrrolidines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
abt-333 dasabuvir: an antiviral agent. dasabuvir : A member of the class of pyrimidone, which is (as the monohydrate of its sodium salt) in combination with ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; naphthalenes; pyrimidone; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor
rgfp966 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
rg2833 RG2833: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
gastrin-releasing peptide Gastrin-Releasing Peptide: Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once released from nerves in the antrum of the STOMACH, the neuropeptide stimulates release of GASTRIN from the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS.	2.7	3	0
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.68	3	0
pi-1840 PI-1840: has both antineoplastic and proteasome inhibitory activities; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
acy-738 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
pelabresib CPI-0610: a bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; organic heterotricyclic compound; primary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor
sybr green i SYBR Green I: binds to double stranded DNA of less than 20 pg following agarose or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; excited at 497 nm and emits at 520 nm. SYBR Green I : A benzothiazolium ion resulting from the methylation of the nitrogen of the benzothiazole group of N-[4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmethylene)-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydroquinolin-2-yl]-N',N'-dimethyl-N-propylpropane-1,3-diamine. A cationic unsymmetrical cyanine dye that binds to double-stranded DNA and is used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology.	2.04	1	0	benzothiazolium ion; cyanine dye; quinolines; tertiary amine	fluorescent dye
gs-5806 presatovir: a respiratory syncytial virus entry inhibitor	2.6	1	0
doravirine [no description available]	2.6	1	0
gn6958 GN6958: inhibits SUMO-sentrin specific protease 1 (SENP1); structure in first source	2.6	1	0
vx-787 pimodivir: non‐nucleotide inhibitor of the polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) subunit of the influenza A that is active against H1N1, H7N9 and H5N1, as well as influenza A strains with reduced susceptibility to NAIs	2.6	1	0
ledipasvir ledipasvir : A benzimidazole derivative that is used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.	2.6	1	0	azaspiro compound; benzimidazole; bridged compound; carbamate ester; carboxamide; fluorenes; imidazoles; L-valine derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor
gs-5816 velpatasvir: an NS5A inhibitor used for treating hepatitis C infections. velpatasvir : A complex organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the brand name Epclusa) for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C of all six major genotypes.	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester; ether; imidazoles; L-valine derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; organic heteropentacyclic compound; ring assembly	antiviral drug; hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
g007-lk G007-LK: potent and specific small-molecule tankyrase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
ajmaline [no description available]	2.05	1	0
ponicidin ponicidin: from the stems and leaves of Rabdosa nervosa	2.41	2	0	dioxanes	metabolite
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-n-hydroxybenzamide 4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-N-hydroxybenzamide: inhibits HDAC6; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
selinexor selinexor: inhibits karyopherin XPO1	2.6	1	0
verdinexor verdinexor: a selective inhibitor of nuclear export	2.6	1	0
cb-839 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
mk-8742 elbasvir: inhibits NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus. elbasvir : A complex organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with grazoprevir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.	2.6	1	0	carbamate ester; imidazoles; L-valine derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly	antiviral drug; hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent
atglistatin atglistatin: inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase; structure in first source. atglistatin : A biphenyl that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by (dimethylcarbamoyl)amino and dimethylamino groups at positions 3 and 4', respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase activity (IC50 = 700nM).	2.6	1	0
xen445 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
santacruzamate a santacruzamate A: HDAC2 inhibitor from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium cf. Symploca sp.; structure in first source	2.6	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
fertinex [no description available]	3.23	1	0
ldc4297 LDC4297: a CDK7 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. LDC4297 : A pyrazolotriazine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine substituted by a piperidin-3-yloxy group, [2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzyl]nitrilo group and an isopropyl group at positions 2, 4 and 8 respectively. It is a potent and selective CDK7 inhibitor and exhibits antiviral activity.	2.82	2	0	aromatic ether; piperidines; pyrazoles; pyrazolotriazine; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor	2.41	2	0
enasidenib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	1,3,5-triazines; aminopyridine; aromatic amine; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.42 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) inhibitor
hyaluronoglucosaminidase Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS.	2.11	1	0
lipofectamine Lipofectamine: mediates gene transfer; a polycationic lipid reagent	2.73	3	0
s 8932 [no description available]	2.82	2	0	aromatic amine; C-nucleoside; carboxylic ester; nitrile; phosphoramidate ester; pyrrolotriazine	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; prodrug
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	18.34	63	11
blasticidin s blasticidin S: RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. blasticidin S : A blasticidin that is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces griseochromogene.	2.41	2	0
lactoferrin Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.	2.01	1	0
myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55) [no description available]	2.15	1	0
chondroitin sulfates Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.	2.08	1	0
akt-i-1,2 compound Akt-I-1,2 compound: an aminopeptidase P inhibitor; structure in first source	3.41	1	0
entecavir entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.	7.13	10	1	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	22.07	903	72	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
nu 1025 NU 1064: structure in first source	2.6	1	0	phenols; quinazolines	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
levoleucovorin Levoleucovorin: A folate analog consisting of the pharmacologically active isomer of LEUCOVORIN.. (6S)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : The pharmacologically active (6S)-stereoisomer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid.	4.02	5	0	5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	2.9	4	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sepiapterin sepiapterin: A substrate of sepiapterin reductase	2.03	1	0	sepiapterin
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	3.38	7	0	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyguanosine triphosphate [no description available]	2.41	2	0	deoxyguanosine phosphate; guanyl deoxyribonucleotide; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dihydrofolate dihydrofolic acid : A folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division and is targeted by various drugs to prevent nucleic acid synthesis.	2.01	1	0	dihydrofolic acids	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
guanosine monophosphate Guanosine Monophosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.. guanosine 5'-monophosphate : A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase.	1.98	1	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.67	3	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine [no description available]	12.48	92	2	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose.	4.8	10	0	guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	fundamental metabolite
inosinic acid Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.99	1	0	inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
inosine [no description available]	2.77	3	0	inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	4.55	7	0	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
isoxanthopterin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dihydroxypteridine
neopterin [no description available]	1.98	1	0
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	5.61	13	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	5.1	13	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	5.12	13	0	dacarbazine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	9.88	29	3	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
valtrex [no description available]	2.08	1	0	organic molecular entity
valacyclovir Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.	15.61	81	17	L-valyl ester	antiviral drug
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	4.41	6	0	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	4.08	4	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.	7.86	52	0	2-aminopurines; propane-1,3-diols	antiviral drug
oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.	2.46	2	0	pyrazolopyrimidine	drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
zaprinast zaprinast: anaphylaxis inhibitor; structure	2.03	1	0	triazolopyrimidines
raltitrexed [no description available]	3.12	5	0	N-acyl-amino acid
vardenafil vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.	4.08	4	0	imidazotriazine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
kf38789 KF38789: a non-carbohydrate low MW cpd that Inhibits P-selectin specific cell adhesion; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	10.35	17	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
azaguanine Azaguanine: One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.. 8-azaguanine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor
citrovorum factor [no description available]	3.61	2	0	tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.	4.26	5	0	formyltetrahydrofolic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
rifapentine rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin	3.61	2	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-iminopiperazine; rifamycins	antitubercular agent; leprostatic drug
thiolactomycin thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
acyclovir triphosphate [no description available]	2.38	2	0
8-hydroxyguanosine 8-hydroxyguanosine: immunostimulant for B lymphocytes; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	purine nucleoside
7-deazainosine [no description available]	2.4	2	0
4-hydroxyquinazoline 4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline: structure in first source	2.54	2	0	quinazolines
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine 2,4-diaminohypoxanthine: do not confuse abbreviation DAHP with various dehydro-deoxy-arabino-heptulosonic acid phosphates which also use DAHP; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.03	1	0	hydroxypyrimidine
cyclopropavir cyclopropavir: cyclopropavir is the (Z)-isomer; has antiviral activity; structure in first source	6.8	18	0
alanosine [no description available]	2.45	2	0
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamidoxime 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamidoxime: structure given in first source	2.08	1	0	benzenetriol
bl 4162a anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.	3.59	2	0	imidazoquinazoline	anticoagulant; antifibrinolytic drug; cardiovascular drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor
9-((2-phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl)guanine 9-((2-phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl)guanine: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	phosphoethanolamine
tegaserod tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source	4.28	5	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; hydrazines; indoles	gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic agonist
norclozapine norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.	2.57	2	0	dibenzodiazepine; organochlorine compound; piperazines	delta-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
isatoribine anhydrous [no description available]	1.98	1	0
pralidoxime iodide pralidoxime iodide : An organic iodide salt that has pralidoxime as the cation.	2.13	1	0	organic iodide salt; pyridinium salt	cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
buciclovir buciclovir: structure given in first source	3.47	2	0
pemetrexed pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).	4.06	3	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pyrrolopyrimidine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
7-deazaguanosine 7-deazaguanosine: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
bropirimine [no description available]	6.98	1	0	pyrimidines
tirapazamine Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.	2.45	2	0	aromatic amine; benzotriazines; N-oxide	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
lobucavir lobucavir: inhibits the replication of HIV virus in T cells, monocytes & macrophages in vitro by inhibiting DNA polymerase and viral DNA synthesis	10.81	12	0
sildenafil citrate Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.	2.08	1	0	citrate salt	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
valganciclovir Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.	23.67	752	120	L-valyl ester; purines	antiviral drug; prodrug
aprepitant Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.	4.13	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; triazoles	antidepressant; antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; peripheral nervous system drug; substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; phosphoramide; triazoles	antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; prodrug
tegaserod maleate [no description available]	2.08	1	0	maleate salt	serotonergic agonist
ceftobiprole ceftobiprole: BAL5788 is Ceftobiprole medocaril sodium. ceftobiprole : A fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (E)-[(3'R)-2-oxo[1,3'-bipyrrolidin]-3-ylidene]methyl and [(2Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively; developed for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; thiadiazoles	antimicrobial agent
pyrazofurin pirazofurin : A C-glycosyl compound that is 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group.	2.04	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; pyrazoles	antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 4.1.1.23 (orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) inhibitor
rifabutin [no description available]	4.66	8	0
n(2)-phenylguanine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
azilsartan azilsartan: an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker; receptor blocker. azilsartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group and at position 1 by a 2'-[(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl group. Used (as the prodrug, azilsartan medoxomil) for treatment of hypertension.	2.6	1	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; aromatic ether; benzimidazolecarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent
quazinone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
8-bromocyclic gmp, sodium salt sodium 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : An organic sodium salt having 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate as the counterion. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	muscle relaxant; protein kinase G agonist
ag-879 AG-879: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
hesperadin [no description available]	2.6	1	0
trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).	2	1	0
9-(4-hydroxybutyl)guanine [no description available]	2.92	4	0
oxetanocin g oxetanocin G: inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication; structure given in first source	2.67	3	0
n(10)-methylfolate [no description available]	2.04	1	0	folic acids
n(2)-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)guanine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
9-(4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl)guanine 9-(4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl)guanine: structure given in first source	2.4	2	0
methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position	2	1	0	nitroso compound	alkylating agent
5-methyltetrahydrohomofolic acid 5-methyltetrahydrohomofolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
adenallene adenallene: structure given in first source; inhibits replication and cytopathic effects of HIV in vitro	1.97	1	0
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime 6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime: a synthetic derivative of a compound from the Mediterranean mollusk Hexaplex trunculus, protects cells from varicella infection	2.6	1	0
pralidoxime chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic chloride salt; pyridinium salt	cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
amg531 [no description available]	2.52	2	0
2',3'-dideoxyguanosine [no description available]	1.97	1	0
9-(4-fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine [no description available]	4.8	7	1
9-arabinofuranosylguanine 9-arabinofuranosylguanine: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine : A purine nucleoside in which guanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. It inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death.	2.03	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
ninopterin ninopterin: structure	2.04	1	0
9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine: metabolite of acyclovir	7.41	1	0	oxopurine
ganciclovir triphosphate [no description available]	5.09	13	0
9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)guanine 9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)guanine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 3/89	1.97	1	0
n'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide [no description available]	2.6	1	0	catechols; hydrazide; hydrazone; naphthols	EC 3.6.5.5 (dynamin GTPase) inhibitor
levomefolate calcium levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.	3.23	1	0	organic calcium salt	antidepressant
XL413 XL413 : A benzofuropyrimidine that is 3,4-dihydro[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine substituted by (2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl, oxo and chloro groups at positions 2, 4, and 8, respectively. It is a potent ATP competitive inhibitor of Cdc7 kinase (IC50 = 3.4 nM) and exhibits anticancer properties.	2.6	1	0	benzofuropyrimidine; organochlorine compound; pyrrolidines	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
me0328 ME0328: inhibits ARTD3; structure in first source	2.6	1	0
2'-carbodeoxyguanosine [no description available]	2.01	1	0
7-methylinosine 7-methylinosine : A positively charged methylinosine in which a single methyl substituent is located at position 7 on the hypoxanthine ring.	2.05	1	0	inosines; organic cation	metabolite
9-((2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl)guanine p-oxide 9-((2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl)guanine P-oxide: has anti-DNA-viral activity; acyclonucleotide analog of cGMP; structure given in first source; RN given refers to monosodium salt	3.06	5	0
ridostin ridostin: Russian drug; inhibits HIV-1 replication in MT-4 & CEM cultures	1.98	1	0
nvp-tnks656 [no description available]	2.6	1	0
eye [no description available]	13.03	23	2
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	4.88	8	1
metallothionein Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.	2.41	2	0
antimony sodium gluconate Antimony Sodium Gluconate: Antimony complex where the metal may exist in either the pentavalent or trivalent states. The pentavalent gluconate is used in leishmaniasis. The trivalent gluconate is most frequently used in schistosomiasis.	2.02	1	0
leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.	2.01	1	0
pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.	3.16	1	0
phenanthrenes Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	2.7	3	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.	0	25.37	1,730	176
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	0	11.62	40	6
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available]	0	33.31	2,914	399
Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.	1	30.31	2,914	399
Experimental Leukemia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	20.1	354	47
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.	1	22.1	354	47
Viral Diseases [description not available]	0	10.78	39	3
HIV Coinfection [description not available]	0	16.58	147	15
Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses.	1	12.78	39	3
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	1	18.58	147	15
Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.	0	1.97	1	0
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available]	0	19.3	140	5
Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	14.3	140	5
Brain Inflammation [description not available]	0	8.39	29	1
Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.	0	8.39	29	1
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	0	4.75	30	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	4.75	30	0
ATLL [description not available]	0	3.4	7	0
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.	0	3.4	7	0
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	6.69	12	1
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	6.69	12	1
EBV Infections [description not available]	0	14.23	101	6
B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	13.97	107	6
B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	5.49	15	0
Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.	0	5.49	15	0
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	19.23	101	6
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	0	11.93	120	2
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	0	11.93	120	2
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	11.54	77	7
Shingles [description not available]	0	8.9	37	1
Herpes Zoster An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	8.9	37	1
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	7.4	16	1
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	7.4	16	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	10.14	167	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	9.76	24	3
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	14.76	24	3
Encephalitis, Polio [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)	0	2.06	1	0
Vaccinia The cutaneous and occasional systemic reactions associated with vaccination using smallpox (variola) vaccine.	0	2.06	1	0
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	0	10.52	34	5
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	0	10.52	34	5
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	0	2.44	2	0
Genital Herpes [description not available]	0	3.6	9	0
Herpes Genitalis Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.	0	3.6	9	0
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	0	2.13	1	0
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	0	5.07	5	2
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	0	10.07	5	2
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Itching [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	0	2.21	1	0
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	0	2.73	3	0
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	0	3.17	1	0
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	0	3.17	1	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	0	2.25	1	0
Candida Infection [description not available]	0	4.77	7	1
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available]	0	7.6	12	1
Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.77	7	1
Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	7.6	12	1
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	0	11.97	39	16
Aspergillus Infection [description not available]	0	3.89	4	0
Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.	0	3.89	4	0
Deafness, Transitory [description not available]	0	6.51	15	1
Hearing Loss A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.	0	6.51	15	1
Proctitis INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	4.15	3	0
Leukocytopenia [description not available]	0	10.16	30	5
Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	0	10.16	30	5
Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available]	0	6.58	10	0
Toxoplasmosis The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.	0	6.58	10	0
Viremia The presence of viruses in the blood.	0	17.7	189	51
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	9.53	19	4
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	9.53	19	4
Uveitis Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	8.96	17	2
Diathesis [description not available]	0	4.92	8	0
Acantholysis Bullosa [description not available]	0	2.51	2	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	0	5.54	16	1
Cockayne-Touraine Disease [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Epidermolysis Bullosa Group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic. Each of the latter three has several varieties.	0	2.51	2	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	0	5.54	16	1
Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE and EPIDERMIS.	0	2.41	1	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	0	15.1	85	21
Autoimmune Disease [description not available]	0	3.69	3	0
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	0	3.69	3	0
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	0	12.46	59	1
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	0	12.46	59	1
Deaf Mutism [description not available]	0	3.33	1	0
Cochlear Hearing Loss [description not available]	0	15.69	58	9
Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.	0	3.33	1	0
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.	0	15.69	58	9
Hematologic Malignancies [description not available]	0	10.7	28	5
Dermatoses [description not available]	0	4.6	5	1
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	0	4.6	5	1
Hematologic Neoplasms Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.	0	10.7	28	5
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	0	16.33	209	21
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	0	13.89	97	13
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	0	21.33	209	21
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	1	15.89	97	13
Pink Eye [description not available]	0	4.53	3	0
Viral Conjunctivitis [description not available]	0	4.63	5	0
Conjunctivitis INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.	1	6.53	3	0
Conjunctivitis, Viral Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be part of a systemic infection.	0	4.63	5	0
Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.	0	4.29	5	0
Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	8.36	50	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	0	7.2	26	4
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	0	8.36	50	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	1	9.2	26	4
Uveal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.	0	2.41	1	0
Polyradiculitis [description not available]	0	7.23	16	1
Polyradiculopathy Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.	0	7.23	16	1
Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.	0	2.41	1	0
Herpes Zoster, Ocular [description not available]	0	5.65	29	0
Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.	0	2.41	1	0
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the nasociliary nerve.	0	10.65	29	0
Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea.	0	12.15	36	0
Cataract, Membranous [description not available]	0	3.42	7	0
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	0	20.28	385	78
Day Blindness [description not available]	0	7.1	12	1
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.42	7	0
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	0	11.09	10	0
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	0	20.28	385	78
Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.	0	9.98	24	2
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	0	15.95	95	24
Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.	0	9.11	14	5
Hamartoma A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the affected area.	0	7.41	1	0
Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA.	0	8.49	26	2
Eosinophilia, Tropical [description not available]	0	4.15	5	0
Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	5.09	16	0
Eosinophilia Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.	0	4.15	5	0
Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.	0	9.94	13	0
Hypoalbuminemia A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).	0	2.66	2	0
Chronic Primary Open Angle Glaucoma [description not available]	0	2.5	2	0
Glaucoma, Open-Angle Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris.	0	2.5	2	0
Ocular Infections [description not available]	0	3.68	3	0
Eye Infections, Viral Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc. Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents. Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.	0	15.14	161	5
Eye Infections Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual impairment, or blindness.	1	5.68	3	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	0	4.56	24	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	0	4.56	24	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	0	10.32	66	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	0	10.32	66	1
Cytomegaloviral Retinitis [description not available]	0	21.32	515	74
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing, and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.	1	23.32	515	74
Central Retinal Edema, Cystoid [description not available]	0	5.3	12	1
Macular Edema Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)	0	5.3	12	1
Cyclitis, Heterochromic [description not available]	0	4.38	7	0
Iridocyclitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber, discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil. Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and interference with vision.	0	4.38	7	0
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	0	3.58	6	0
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	0	10.09	37	4
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	0	10.09	37	4
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	9.88	38	4
Erythrocytosis [description not available]	0	7.41	1	0
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	9.88	38	4
Apoplexy [description not available]	0	4.09	5	0
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	7.27	14	1
Cardio-Renal Syndrome Condition where a primary dysfunction of either heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g., HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).	0	3.52	1	0
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	0	3.71	3	0
Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic [description not available]	0	5.25	4	1
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	0	4.11	3	0
Varices [description not available]	0	3.52	1	0
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	0	8.32	38	1
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available]	0	3.51	2	0
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	4.82	12	0
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	0	3.71	3	0
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).	0	5.25	4	1
Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.	0	4.08	5	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	0	10.56	76	1
Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.	0	3.52	1	0
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	0	8.32	38	1
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.	0	3.51	2	0
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.	0	4.82	12	0
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)	0	4.09	5	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	0	12.27	14	1
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	0	13.41	159	9
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	0	13.41	159	9
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.	0	21.94	501	89
Cyclitis, Chronic [description not available]	0	2.61	2	0
Uveitis, Intermediate Inflammation of the pars plana, ciliary body, and adjacent structures.	0	2.61	2	0
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	0	7.04	18	1
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	1	9.04	18	1
P carinii Pneumonia [description not available]	0	10.61	38	2
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.	0	10.61	38	2
Sarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available]	0	3.16	5	0
Ewing Sarcoma [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Sarcoma A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.	0	3.16	5	0
Sarcoma, Ewing A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females.	0	2.75	3	0
Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	0	4.21	2	1
Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.	0	7.23	22	1
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	0	4.1	3	1
Agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).	0	3.09	5	0
Thrombopenia [description not available]	0	10.14	41	5
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	0	10.14	41	5
Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.	0	13.42	84	6
Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	2.47	2	0
Adenovirus Infections [description not available]	0	7.81	25	3
Adenoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.	0	7.81	25	3
Lymphocytopenia [description not available]	0	3.52	7	0
Lymphopenia Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.	0	3.52	7	0
Chronic Liver Failure [description not available]	0	3.49	5	0
End Stage Liver Disease Final stage of a liver disease when the liver failure is irreversible and LIVER TRANSPLANTATION is needed.	0	3.49	5	0
Infectious Myelitis [description not available]	0	3.43	7	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	0	8.42	29	1
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	0	8.42	29	1
Amebiasis, Intestinal [description not available]	0	2.83	3	0
Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available]	0	15.29	110	18
Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.	1	17.29	110	18
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	8.17	5	0
Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.	0	8.17	5	0
Co-infection [description not available]	0	10.41	20	0
Erosive Duodenitis [description not available]	0	3.29	6	0
Ache [description not available]	0	4.57	5	1
Gastric Ulcer [description not available]	0	9.04	14	0
Duodenitis Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.	0	8.29	6	0
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	0	4.57	5	1
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	9.04	14	0
Preterm Birth [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Premature Birth CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).	0	2.6	1	0
Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available]	0	2.69	2	0
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	0	2.69	2	0
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available]	0	9.62	49	4
Neuroretinitis [description not available]	0	17.93	211	25
Pigmentary Retinopathy [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Acute Retinal Necrosis [description not available]	0	8.66	53	1
Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).	0	9.62	49	4
Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).	1	19.93	211	25
Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina.	0	2.6	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	7.07	23	4
Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available]	0	3.31	6	0
Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	0	3.31	6	0
Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.	0	7.6	1	0
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	0	3.72	3	0
Vasculitis, Retinal [description not available]	0	3.49	7	0
Branch Vein Occlusion [description not available]	0	3.02	4	0
Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion [description not available]	0	3.99	4	0
Neovascularization, Optic Disc [description not available]	0	2.54	2	0
Human Adenovirus Infections [description not available]	0	4.85	12	0
Adenovirus Infections, Human Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.	0	4.85	12	0
Retinal Vein Occlusion Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.	0	3.02	4	0
Retinal Artery Occlusion Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in the eye.	0	3.99	4	0
Retinal Neovascularization Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.	0	2.54	2	0
Retinal Vasculitis Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various causes including infectious disease; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; BEHCET SYNDROME; and CHORIORETINITIS.	0	3.49	7	0
Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.	0	12.3	12	2
Granulomas [description not available]	0	4.16	3	0
Infections, Roseolovirus [description not available]	0	11.39	62	2
Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.	0	4.16	3	0
Duncan Disease [description not available]	0	11.47	41	4
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Hydroa Vacciniforme A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.25	1	0
Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.	0	11.47	41	4
Rhabdoid Tumor A rare but highly lethal childhood tumor found almost exclusively in infants. Histopathologically, it resembles RHABDOMYOSARCOMA but the tumor cells are not of myogenic origin. Although it arises primarily in the kidney, it may be found in other parts of the body. The rhabdoid cytomorphology is believed to be the expression of a very primitive malignant cell. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2210)	0	2.25	1	0
Muscle Pain [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Pyrexia [description not available]	0	8.01	31	3
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	0	10.11	35	5
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	0	5.71	7	3
Opportunistic Infections An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	0	18.17	208	21
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available]	0	6.45	8	0
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	0	13.01	31	3
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	0	5.71	7	3
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.	0	6.45	8	0
Myalgia Painful sensation in the muscles.	0	2.21	1	0
Herpes Simplex Keratitis [description not available]	0	9.12	20	4
Keratitis, Herpetic A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)	0	9.12	20	4
Colicky Pain [description not available]	0	4.92	13	0
Intestinal Perforation Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.	0	4.58	9	0
Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.	0	4.92	13	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	0	5.17	46	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	0	5.17	46	0
Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.	0	11.9	38	8
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	0	3.15	5	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	8.76	67	3
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	8.76	67	3
Cerebromeningitis [description not available]	0	5.07	16	0
Glaucoma, Suspect [description not available]	0	4.58	9	0
Ocular Hypertension A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.	0	4.58	9	0
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available]	0	6.72	8	3
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)	0	11.72	8	3
Encephalitis, Viral Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.	0	9.51	67	1
Aujeszky Disease [description not available]	0	3.08	5	0
Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute, T Cell [description not available]	0	2.63	2	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	0	5.78	20	0
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	0	5.78	20	0
Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.	0	2.63	2	0
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease [description not available]	0	8.77	24	3
Lung Diseases, Interstitial A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial inflammation of PULMONARY ALVEOLI that extends to the interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse PULMONARY FIBROSIS. Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology (known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological features.	0	8.77	24	3
Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.	0	6.24	18	0
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.	0	6.24	18	0
Latent Infection Delayed infection of the host by a dormant or inactive pathogen.	0	2.69	2	0
Immune Reconstitution Disease [description not available]	0	3.94	4	0
Adiadochokinesis [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Cerebellar Ataxia Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)	0	2.25	1	0
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	0	8.52	12	3
Erythrophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial [description not available]	0	5.75	18	0
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	0	8.52	12	3
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic A group of related disorders characterized by LYMPHOCYTOSIS; HISTIOCYTOSIS; and hemophagocytosis. The two major forms are familial and reactive.	0	5.75	18	0
Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	3.42	7	0
Cholecystoduodenal Fistula [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Encephalitis, Herpes Zoster [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	0	4.82	32	0
Granulomatosis, Wegener's [description not available]	0	4.45	8	0
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs. The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against MYELOBLASTIN.	0	4.45	8	0
Chronic Hepatitis B [description not available]	0	8.07	11	4
Hepatitis B, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	0	8.07	11	4
Infections, Coronavirus [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe [description not available]	0	2.59	2	0
Pneumonia, Viral Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.	0	13.87	119	10
Coronavirus Infections Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).	0	2.25	1	0
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.	0	2.59	2	0
Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.	0	9.65	13	1
Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available]	0	4.33	19	0
Anguilluliasis [description not available]	0	3.03	4	0
Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 Infection [description not available]	0	3.34	2	0
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.	0	4.33	19	0
Strongyloidiasis Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea.	0	3.03	4	0
HTLV-I Infections Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.	0	3.34	2	0
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	0	4.78	7	0
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	0	4.78	7	0
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Abnormalities, Multiple Congenital abnormalities that affect more than one organ or body structure.	0	2.57	2	0
Enlarged Liver [description not available]	0	9.93	14	9
Aqueductal Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.97	4	0
Microcephaly A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.)	0	3.89	4	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	0	6.04	10	1
Enlarged Spleen [description not available]	0	9.82	14	8
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	0	8.12	36	0
Chorioretinitis Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the vitreous body.	0	8.09	17	2
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	0	6.04	10	1
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.	0	2.25	1	0
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	0	11.76	21	0
Jaundice, Cholestatic [description not available]	0	2.82	3	0
Direct Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Jaundice, Obstructive Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.	0	2.82	3	0
Atrioventricular Conduction Block [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Carditis [description not available]	0	4.88	13	0
Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.	0	4.88	13	0
Atrioventricular Block Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduction.	0	7.25	1	0
Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus [description not available]	0	3.36	2	0
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported.	0	3.36	2	0
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia [description not available]	0	7.32	28	0
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.	0	7.32	28	0
Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.	0	3.59	8	0
Exanthem [description not available]	0	10.95	9	3
Equine Diseases [description not available]	0	3.64	1	1
Exanthema Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.	0	10.95	9	3
Recrudescence [description not available]	0	16.55	201	24
E coli Infections [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	0	2.25	1	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	12.73	67	6
Angiostrongylus Infections [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	0	3.9	4	0
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	0	3.9	4	0
Bleb [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Esophagus [description not available]	0	3.64	9	0
Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	3.64	9	0
Pouch Ileitis [description not available]	0	5.88	10	0
Pouchitis Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have undergone ILEOSTOMY and restorative proctocolectomy (PROCTOCOLECTOMY, RESTORATIVE).	0	10.88	10	0
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	0	12.34	13	2
Optic Atrophy Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of nerve fibers which arise in the RETINA and converge to form the OPTIC DISK; OPTIC NERVE; OPTIC CHIASM; and optic tracts. GLAUCOMA; ISCHEMIA; inflammation, a chronic elevation of intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and inherited conditions (see OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY) are relatively common causes of this condition.	0	2.79	3	0
Pseudophakia Presence of an intraocular lens after cataract extraction.	0	2.31	1	0
Corneal Edema An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual acuity.	0	4.79	11	0
Demyelinative Myelitis [description not available]	0	4.23	6	0
Diseases of Pharynx [description not available]	0	3.35	2	0
Gastroenteritis INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.	0	13.05	11	1
Ileitis Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE.	0	3.44	7	0
Enteropathy, Exudative [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Protein-Losing Enteropathies Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	2.73	3	0
Polyomavirus Infections Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).	0	4.7	6	1
Interstitial Nephritis [description not available]	0	2.96	4	0
Fibroma, Shope [description not available]	0	8.31	19	1
Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.	0	2.96	4	0
Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available]	0	6.7	20	0
Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.	0	6.7	20	0
Rubeola [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Measles A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.	0	2.31	1	0
Blood Clot [description not available]	0	3.86	4	0
Enterocolitis Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.	0	4.8	12	0
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.	0	3.86	4	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	0	12.44	32	0
Connective Tissue Disease, Mixed [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
ANCA-Associated Vasculitides [description not available]	0	2.59	2	0
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available]	0	5.23	11	0
Laryngeal Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production, breathing, swallowing, and coughing.	0	2.7	3	0
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	0	5.23	11	0
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Group of systemic vasculitis with a strong association with ANCA. The disorders are characterized by necrotizing inflammation of small and medium size vessels, with little or no immune-complex deposits in vessel walls.	0	2.59	2	0
Amaurosis [description not available]	0	6.02	10	1
Vision, Diminished [description not available]	0	2.98	4	0
Blindness The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.	0	6.02	10	1
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	1	12.49	24	7
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	3.85	4	0
Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.	0	5.36	13	0
Necrotizing Enterocolitis [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.	0	2.52	2	0
Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available]	0	3.95	4	0
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.	0	3.95	4	0
Chromosomal Triplication [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.	0	2.46	2	0
Osteoarthritis of Knee [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
ACL Injuries [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)	0	2.15	1	0
Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available]	0	4.84	7	1
Adenohypophyseal Hyposecretion [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	0	4.84	7	1
Hypopituitarism Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (including LH; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; SOMATOTROPIN; and CORTICOTROPIN). This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-secretory PITUITARY NEOPLASMS, metastatic tumors, infarction, PITUITARY APOPLEXY, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and other conditions.	0	2.15	1	0
Dry Eye [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Dry Eye Syndromes Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.	0	2.17	1	0
Wet Macular Degeneration A form of RETINAL DEGENERATION in which abnormal CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION occurs under the RETINA and MACULA LUTEA, causing bleeding and leaking of fluid. This leads to bulging and or lifting of the macula and the distortion or destruction of central vision.	0	2.15	1	0
Brain Damage, Chronic A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.	0	3.38	2	0
Embryopathies [description not available]	0	5.24	8	0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	9.73	63	2
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	0	10.17	68	3
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	1	11.73	63	2
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	0	10.17	68	3
Lymphoma, Primary Effusion A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8, most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.	0	2.8	3	0
Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea.	0	4.49	8	0
Perforated Appendicitis [description not available]	0	4.09	5	0
Appendicitis Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.	0	4.09	5	0
Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	3.87	4	0
Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	0	3.87	4	0
Ptosis, Eyelid [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Brown Tendon Sheath Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Blepharoptosis Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle.	0	2.44	2	0
Colitis, Ischemic Inflammation of the COLON due to colonic ISCHEMIA resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local vasculature.	0	2.99	4	0
Atypical Lipomatous Tumor [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Liposarcoma A malignant tumor derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.15	1	0
Paralysis, Legs [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Paraplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.	0	2.15	1	0
Brain Disorders [description not available]	0	4.63	10	0
Calcification, Pathologic [description not available]	0	7.92	7	4
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	5.55	16	1
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	0	4.63	10	0
Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.	0	7.92	7	4
Infant, Small for Gestational Age An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.	0	2.15	1	0
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	0	5.55	16	1
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	0	5.42	2	2
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	0	5.42	2	2
Glandular Fever [description not available]	0	6.87	8	2
Infectious Mononucleosis A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis.	0	6.87	8	2
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.	0	8.95	4	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	0	7.73	37	1
Cancer of Nasopharynx [description not available]	0	4.97	14	0
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	0	7.73	37	1
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.	0	4.97	14	0
Infections, Helicobacter [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.	0	2.15	1	0
Arrhythmia [description not available]	0	7.45	2	0
Anterior Fascicular Block [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Leukocytosis A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid.	0	2.49	2	0
MODS [description not available]	0	4.25	6	0
Tachyarrhythmia [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	0	2.45	2	0
Multiple Organ Failure A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.	0	4.25	6	0
Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.	0	7.42	2	0
Tachypnea Increased RESPIRATORY RATE.	0	2.15	1	0
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available]	0	5.93	9	0
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	8.18	14	1
Kahler Disease [description not available]	0	5.61	17	0
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.	0	5.93	9	0
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.	0	8.18	14	1
Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	5.61	17	0
ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available]	0	3.46	2	0
Papulosquamous Disorders [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	8.79	24	1
Antibody Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.08	10	0
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	8.79	24	1
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.	0	5.08	10	0
Sore Throat [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Acquired Vocal Cord Palsy [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).	0	2.44	2	0
Vocal Cord Paralysis Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES. Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or APHONIA.	0	2.42	2	0
Dysembryoma [description not available]	0	3.56	8	0
Teratoma A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)	0	3.56	8	0
Angiofollicular Lymph Hyperplasia [description not available]	0	8.08	14	1
Castleman Disease Large benign, hyperplastic lymph nodes. The more common hyaline vascular subtype is characterized by small hyaline vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferations. Plasma cells are often present and represent another subtype with the plasma cells containing IgM and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.	0	8.08	14	1
Angiitis [description not available]	0	3.41	7	0
Microbial Superinvasion [description not available]	0	4.04	5	0
Vasculitis Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	3.41	7	0
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	2.76	3	0
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.	0	2.76	3	0
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	0	3.47	2	0
Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available]	0	2.77	3	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	0	13.87	60	13
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	0	13.87	60	13
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	0	4.96	37	0
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	0	4.96	37	0
Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	0	5.86	8	1
Endotoxin Shock [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	5.86	8	1
Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.	0	2.17	1	0
Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.	0	2.73	3	0
Kaposi Sarcoma [description not available]	0	9.88	32	5
Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.	0	2.17	1	0
Sarcoma, Kaposi A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.	0	9.88	32	5
6th Nerve Palsy [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Latent Tuberculosis The dormant form of TUBERCULOSIS where the person shows no obvious symptoms and no sign of the causative agent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in the SPUTUM despite being positive for tuberculosis infection skin test.	0	2.15	1	0
Dysphagia [description not available]	0	3.3	6	0
Diplopia A visual symptom in which a single object is perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one. Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM and OCCIPITAL LOBE.	0	2.44	2	0
Korsakoff Psychosis [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Deglutition Disorders Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	3.3	6	0
Esophagitis INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.	0	7.14	20	1
Meningitis, Viral Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)	0	5.02	9	0
Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin.	0	3.09	1	0
Urinary Retention Inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER with voiding (URINATION).	0	4.75	2	1
Lacrimal Duct Obstruction Interference with the secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands. Obstruction of the LACRIMAL SAC or NASOLACRIMAL DUCT causing acute or chronic inflammation of the lacrimal sac (DACRYOCYSTITIS). It is caused also in infants by failure of the nasolacrimal duct to open into the inferior meatus and occurs about the third week of life. In adults occlusion may occur spontaneously or after injury or nasal disease. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p250)	0	2.17	1	0
Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available]	0	4.05	5	0
Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.	0	4.05	5	0
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.	0	3.63	3	0
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.16	5	0
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).	0	8.16	5	0
ACD-MPV [description not available]	0	3.09	1	0
Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT) and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT).	0	3.09	1	0
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available]	0	4.66	6	1
Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)	0	9.66	6	1
Anemia, Cooley's [description not available]	0	2.95	4	0
beta-Thalassemia A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.	0	2.95	4	0
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available]	0	5.37	13	1
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	0	3.62	9	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	0	3.62	9	0
Canine Diseases [description not available]	0	4.41	4	1
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	0	2.17	1	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	0	3.72	10	0
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	0	4.27	18	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	0	3.72	10	0
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	9.27	18	0
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed [description not available]	0	2.97	4	0
Medulloblastoma A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)	0	2.97	4	0
Dermatomyositis, Adult Type [description not available]	0	2.76	3	0
Dermatomyositis A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis) involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia, muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis. Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1405-6)	0	2.76	3	0
Macrophage Activation Syndrome A serious complication of childhood systemic inflammatory disorders that is thought to be caused by excessive activation and proliferation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and MACROPHAGES. It is seen predominantly in children with systemic onset JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS.	0	2.17	1	0
T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	4.32	7	0
Lymphoma, T-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.	0	4.32	7	0
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	0	2.97	4	0
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	0	2.97	4	0
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	0	3.55	8	0
Cancer of Mouth [description not available]	0	6.29	13	1
Cancer of Pharynx [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	3.55	8	0
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.	0	6.29	13	1
Pharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.	0	2.73	3	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	0	10.55	26	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	0	5.55	26	0
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	7.49	18	3
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.	0	7.49	18	3
Febrile Neutropenia Fever accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of NEUTROPHILS.	0	2.52	2	0
DRESS Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.84	3	0
Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright.	0	3.43	7	0
Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	3.43	7	0
Congenital Varicella Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.88	3	0
Convulsions, Grand Mal [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)	0	2.17	1	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	0	2.78	3	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	0	2.78	3	0
Central Nervous System Disease [description not available]	0	16.78	21	6
Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	0	11.78	21	6
Bleeding [description not available]	0	3.89	12	0
Anti-GBM Disease [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Hemoptysis Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.	0	2.81	3	0
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	0	8.89	12	0
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis.	0	2.21	1	0
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available]	0	3.83	2	1
Atresia, Biliary [description not available]	0	2.99	4	0
Biliary Atresia Progressive destruction or the absence of all or part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic JAUNDICE.	0	7.99	4	0
Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis, Herpetic [description not available]	0	4.36	7	0
Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal. The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1 (HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations; APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)	0	4.36	7	0
Gastric Diseases [description not available]	0	3.85	4	0
Mucorales Infection [description not available]	0	3.36	2	0
Mucormycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION.	0	3.36	2	0
Cranial Nerve II Diseases [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Optic Nerve Diseases Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect.	0	2.43	2	0
Degenerative Disc Disease [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	0	3.88	4	0
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Degenerative changes in the INTERVERTEBRAL DISC due to aging or structural damage, especially to the vertebral end-plates.	0	2.21	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	0	3.12	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	0	3.12	1	0
Common Variable Hypogammaglobulinemia [description not available]	0	3.64	3	0
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	0	3.11	5	0
Common Variable Immunodeficiency Heterogeneous group of immunodeficiency syndromes characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia of most isotypes, variable B-cell defects, and the presence of recurrent bacterial infections.	0	3.64	3	0
Auditory Vertigo [description not available]	0	4.8	2	1
Meniere Disease A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops.	0	4.8	2	1
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA; HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.	0	2.21	1	0
Arenaviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ARENAVIRIDAE.	0	2.21	1	0
Viral Hepatitis, Human [description not available]	0	9.63	44	4
Hepatitis, Viral, Human INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).	0	9.63	44	4
Neuroendocrine Tumors Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition.	0	2.21	1	0
Blood Loss, Postoperative [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	2.55	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	2.55	2	0
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis [description not available]	0	2.57	2	0
Pemphigus Foliaceus [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Pemphigus Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS.	0	7.75	3	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	7.31	13	2
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	0	7.31	13	2
Child Development Deviations [description not available]	0	11.36	12	4
Deficiency, Mental [description not available]	0	4.09	3	0
Developmental Disabilities Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed)	0	11.36	12	4
Intellectual Disability Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	0	4.09	3	0
Enterically-Transmitted Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis [description not available]	0	2.51	2	0
Hepatitis E Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus. Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.	0	2.51	2	0
Melena The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.	0	2.76	3	0
Palsy [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Paralysis A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)	0	2.44	2	0
Uveitis, Posterior Inflammation of the choroid as well as the retina and vitreous body. Some form of visual disturbance is usually present. The most important characteristics of posterior uveitis are vitreous opacities, choroiditis, and chorioretinitis.	0	2.44	2	0
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.	0	2.1	1	0
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	1	5.89	12	0
Cancer of Duodenum [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Precordial Catch [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Chest Pain Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.	0	2.49	2	0
Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.	0	2.48	2	0
Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.61	3	2
Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer. Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12): 953-9)	0	5.61	3	2
Mouth Ulcer [description not available]	0	4.53	5	0
Skin Diseases, Viral Skin diseases caused by viruses.	0	2.94	4	0
Oral Ulcer A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)	0	4.53	5	0
Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.	0	3.13	5	0
Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.	0	3.13	5	0
Esophageal Diseases Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.	0	4.41	8	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	0	4.87	13	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	0	7.58	52	0
Hepatitis B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	8.13	23	2
Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted [description not available]	0	6.21	12	1
Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	0	8.13	23	2
Hepatitis C INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.	0	6.21	12	1
Postherpetic Neuralgia [description not available]	0	2.5	2	0
Abnormality, Heart [description not available]	0	3.37	2	0
Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available]	0	2.49	2	0
Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.	0	3.37	2	0
Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).	0	2.49	2	0
Neuralgia, Postherpetic Pain in nerves, frequently involving facial SKIN, resulting from the activation the latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). The two forms of the condition preceding the pain are HERPES ZOSTER OTICUS; and HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS. Following the healing of the rashes and blisters, the pain sometimes persists.	0	2.5	2	0
Jejunal Diseases Pathological development in the JEJUNUM region of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	2.92	4	0
Urinary Tract Diseases [description not available]	0	3	1	0
Bowel Incontinence [description not available]	0	3	1	0
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available]	0	3	1	0
Fecal Incontinence Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters, with involuntary passage of feces and flatus.	0	3	1	0
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.	0	3	1	0
Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	3.15	5	0
Femoral Fractures Fractures of the femur.	0	2.1	1	0
Erythema Multiforme A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.	0	2.46	2	0
Furrow Keratitis [description not available]	0	7.74	15	1
Bronchiolitis, Exudative [description not available]	0	9.33	22	4
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens. Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.	0	14.33	22	4
Cancer of Eye [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Pancytopenia Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.	0	3.63	9	0
Microscopic Polyangiitis A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin deposits in vessel walls.	0	2.1	1	0
Mouth Diseases Diseases involving the MOUTH.	0	4.63	6	0
Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.	0	2.1	1	0
Angiitis, Central Nervous System [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Retrolental Fibroplasia [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Retinopathy of Prematurity A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.1	1	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	0	2.51	2	0
AIDS Seroconversion [description not available]	0	9.71	35	10
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	0	2.1	1	0
Congenital Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available]	0	3.01	1	0
Toxoplasmosis, Congenital Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii which is associated with injury to the developing fetal nervous system. The severity of this condition is related to the stage of pregnancy during which the infection occurs; first trimester infections are associated with a greater degree of neurologic dysfunction. Clinical features include HYDROCEPHALUS; MICROCEPHALY; deafness; cerebral calcifications; SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. Signs of a systemic infection may also be present at birth, including fever, rash, and hepatosplenomegaly. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p735)	0	3.01	1	0
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	0	2.46	2	0
Leishmaniasis, American [description not available]	0	2.95	4	0
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.	0	2.95	4	0
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.	0	2.1	1	0
Berger Disease [description not available]	0	3.66	3	0
Sinus Infections [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.	0	3.66	3	0
Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.	0	2.1	1	0
Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung [description not available]	0	2.78	3	0
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).	0	2.78	3	0
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	0	9.98	15	2
Koch's Disease [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	0	9.98	15	2
Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	0	2.94	4	0
Hepatic Failure [description not available]	0	3.82	11	0
Liver Failure Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)	0	8.82	11	0
Anemia, Hypoplastic [description not available]	0	6.95	15	2
Anemia, Aplastic A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.	0	6.95	15	2
Weight Reduction [description not available]	0	4.79	7	1
Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.	0	9.79	7	1
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	0	10.02	20	3
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	0	10.02	20	3
Breathing Sounds [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Respiratory Sounds Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	2.1	1	0
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	0	5.84	36	0
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available]	0	2.71	3	0
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	0	3.85	4	0
Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.	0	2.71	3	0
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	0	3.85	4	0
Infections, Microspora [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Infarct of the Spleen [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	0	2.71	3	0
Nanism [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Atrial Septal Defect [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia [description not available]	0	3.14	5	0
Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Dwarfism A genetic or pathological condition that is characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the average height.	0	2.11	1	0
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.	0	3.14	5	0
Glomerulonephritis, Lupus [description not available]	0	4.24	6	0
Acute Hepatic Failure [description not available]	0	3.13	5	0
Lupus Nephritis Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).	0	9.24	6	0
Liver Failure, Acute A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.	0	3.13	5	0
Conjunctival Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	2.41	2	0
Rhabdomyolysis Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.	0	2.1	1	0
AIDS-Associated Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.96	13	0
Lymphoma, AIDS-Related B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. Patients often present with an advanced stage of disease and highly malignant subtypes including BURKITT LYMPHOMA; IMMUNOBLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; and DIFFUSE, LARGE B-CELL, LYMPHOMA. The tumors are often disseminated in unusual extranodal sites and chromosomal abnormalities are frequently present. It is likely that polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent HIV activation.	0	3.96	13	0
Cardiomyopathy, Congestive [description not available]	0	4.2	6	0
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.	0	4.2	6	0
Panuveitis Inflammation in which both the anterior and posterior segments of the uvea are involved and a specific focus is not apparent. It is often severe and extensive and a serious threat to vision. Causes include systemic diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and syphilis, as well as malignancies. The intermediate segment of the eye is not involved.	0	2.99	4	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	0	8.64	17	1
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	0	8.64	17	1
Leanness [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available]	0	2.75	3	0
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.	0	2.75	3	0
Glioblastoma with Sarcomatous Component [description not available]	0	5.82	22	1
Minimal Disease, Residual [description not available]	0	4.89	4	2
Gliosarcoma Rare mixed tumors of the brain and rarely the spinal cord which contain malignant neuroectodermal (glial) and mesenchymal components, including spindle-shaped fibrosarcoma cells. These tumors are highly aggressive and present primarily in adults as rapidly expanding mass lesions. They may arise in tissue that has been previously irradiated. (From Br J Neurosurg 1995 Apr;9(2):171-8)	0	10.82	22	1
Candidiasis, Invasive An important nosocomial fungal infection with species of the genus CANDIDA, most frequently CANDIDA ALBICANS. Invasive candidiasis occurs when candidiasis goes beyond a superficial infection and manifests as CANDIDEMIA, deep tissue infection, or disseminated disease with deep organ involvement.	0	3.03	1	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	0	3.28	6	0
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	0	3.28	6	0
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	0	2.11	1	0
Cholangitis Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.	0	7.97	4	0
Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.	0	2.11	1	0
Asystole [description not available]	0	2.98	4	0
Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.	0	2.11	1	0
Splenic Rupture Rupture of the SPLEEN due to trauma or disease.	0	2.11	1	0
Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.	0	2.98	4	0
Metastase [description not available]	0	12.99	17	2
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	0	7.99	17	2
Extranodal NK-T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Blast Phase [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Blast Crisis An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to greater than 30%.	0	2.44	2	0
Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease A pathological condition caused by impaired blood flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA), such as INFARCTION; HEMORRHAGE; or ISCHEMIA in vessels of this brain region including the lateral lenticulostriate arteries. Primary clinical manifestations include involuntary movements (DYSKINESIAS) and muscle weakness (HEMIPARESIS).	0	2.77	3	0
G(M2) Gangliosidoses [description not available]	0	3.03	1	0
Acute Autoimmune Neuropathy [description not available]	0	4.54	5	0
Motor Disorders Motor skills deficits that significantly and persistently interfere with ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING appropriate to chronological age. (from DSM-5)	0	3.03	1	0
Sensation Disorders Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION; HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e., afferent components of the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM).	0	3.03	1	0
Adult GM1 Gangliosidosis [description not available]	0	3.03	1	0
Gangliosidosis, GM1 An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA, poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS; SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)	0	3.03	1	0
Gangliosidoses, GM2 A group of recessively inherited diseases characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2) ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.	0	3.03	1	0
Guillain-Barre Syndrome An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)	0	4.54	5	0
Primary Peritonitis [description not available]	0	3.11	5	0
Cholangiitis, Sclerosing [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.	0	3.11	5	0
Cholangitis, Sclerosing Chronic inflammatory disease of the BILIARY TRACT. It is characterized by fibrosis and hardening of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary ductal systems leading to bile duct strictures, CHOLESTASIS, and eventual BILIARY CIRRHOSIS.	0	2.43	2	0
Encephalitis, Limbic [description not available]	0	4.1	5	0
Inflammatory Pseudotumor [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Granuloma, Plasma Cell A slow-growing benign pseudotumor in which plasma cells greatly outnumber the inflammatory cells.	0	2.11	1	0
Asthenia Clinical sign or symptom manifested as debility, or lack or loss of strength and energy.	0	2.11	1	0
Genetic Predisposition [description not available]	0	4.54	5	1
Hyperoxia An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.	0	2.13	1	0
Chronic Lung Injury [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	0	8.95	27	6
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	0	8.95	27	6
Leukoma [description not available]	0	3.32	2	0
Corneal Opacity Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.	0	3.32	2	0
Anus Diseases Diseases involving the ANUS.	0	2.43	2	0
Carcinoma, Thymic [description not available]	0	3.43	7	0
Cancer of the Thymus [description not available]	0	3.3	6	0
Hypogammaglobulinemia [description not available]	0	5.84	8	1
Agammaglobulinemia An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in the blood.	0	5.84	8	1
Thymoma A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.43	7	0
Thymus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND.	0	3.3	6	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	0	4.74	2	1
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	0	4.74	2	1
Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.	0	9.53	3	0
Infections, Klebsiella [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.	0	2.11	1	0
Bacteremia The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.	0	10.82	8	1
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Myositis Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.	0	2.11	1	0
Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.85	4	0
Encephalomyelitis, Inflammatory [description not available]	0	3.62	9	0
Stomatitis, Vesicular [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system.	0	3.85	4	0
Encephalomyelitis A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.	0	3.62	9	0
Lymph Node Metastasis [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Intradural-Extramedullary Spinal Cord Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Spinal Cord Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.	0	2.73	3	0
Abnormalities, Congenital [description not available]	0	3.04	1	0
Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.	0	7.47	2	0
Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available]	0	3.42	2	0
Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.	0	3.42	2	0
Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.	0	2.45	2	0
Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine.	0	2.48	2	0
Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.	0	2.76	3	0
Infections, Legionella pneumophila [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Hemorrhage, Retinal [description not available]	0	3.26	6	0
Blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelids.	0	2.13	1	0
Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result of an immunologically mediated disorder.	0	2.13	1	0
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.	0	2.13	1	0
Infectious Diseases [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.	0	2.13	1	0
Empyema, Gall Bladder [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Cholecystitis Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, infections, or other diseases.	0	2.7	3	0
Disease Resistance The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.	0	2.13	1	0
Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available]	0	2.5	2	0
Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	2.5	2	0
Pemphigoid [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Pemphigoid, Bullous A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis.	0	2.46	2	0
Skin Ulcer An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.	0	3.11	5	0
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Primary Myelofibrosis A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.	0	2.13	1	0
Blood Diseases [description not available]	0	4.54	9	0
Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.	0	4.54	9	0
Oliguria Decreased URINE output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.	0	3.36	2	0
Petechiae Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage.	0	2.15	1	0
Emesis [description not available]	0	6.61	7	3
Purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is	0	2.15	1	0
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	0	6.61	7	3
Thrombotic Microangiopathies Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC; and HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME. Multiple etiological factors include VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL damage due to SHIGA TOXIN; FACTOR H deficiency; and aberrant VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR formation.	0	2.99	4	0
Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.	0	3.39	2	0
Enterovirus Infections Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS.	0	3.06	1	0
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	0	4.77	4	0
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	0	4.77	4	0
Myeloproliferative Disorders Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.	0	3.35	2	0
Neointima The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.	0	2.13	1	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.	0	2.15	1	0
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	0	3.26	6	0
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	0	3.26	6	0
Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.	0	7.43	2	0
Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)	0	7.44	2	0
Health Care Associated Infection [description not available]	0	5.11	7	0
Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.	0	5.11	7	0
Anterior Optic Neuritis [description not available]	0	4.42	8	0
Optic Neuritis Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).	0	4.42	8	0
Choked Disk [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Papilledema Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)	0	2.74	3	0
African Lymphoma [description not available]	0	5.34	13	0
Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.	0	5.34	13	0
Cranial Nerve V Diseases [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Epileptiform Neuralgia [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187)	0	2.04	1	0
Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.36	2	0
Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic A systemic, large-cell, non-Hodgkin, malignant lymphoma characterized by cells with pleomorphic appearance and expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. These so-called hallmark cells have lobulated and indented nuclei. This lymphoma is often mistaken for metastatic carcinoma and MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS.	0	3.36	2	0
Choroid Neovascularization [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Leukemia, Smoldering [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts Chronic refractory anemia with granulocytopenia, and/or thrombocytopenia. Myeloblasts and progranulocytes constitute 5 to 40 percent of the nucleated marrow cells.	0	2.04	1	0
Lymphocytosis Excess of normal lymphocytes in the blood or in any effusion.	0	3.63	3	0
Altered Level of Consciousness [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.	0	7.92	4	0
Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.	0	5.7	7	1
Extramembranous Glomerulopathy [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane.	0	2.05	1	0
Lesion of Sciatic Nerve [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Pachymeningitis [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Nerve Root Avulsion [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)	0	2.42	2	0
Radiculopathy Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.	0	2.05	1	0
Light Sensitivity [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Injuries, Multiple [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Chest Injuries [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Injuries, Leg [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes [description not available]	0	4.78	7	1
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.	0	4.78	7	1
Infections, Parvoviridae [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Pleuropericarditis Inflammation of both the PERICARDIUM and the PLEURA.	0	3.61	3	0
Pericarditis Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.	0	8.61	3	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	0	9.79	58	4
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	1	11.79	58	4
Brain Swelling [description not available]	0	4.23	2	0
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available]	0	2.96	1	0
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	0	4.23	2	0
Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	0	2.96	1	0
Anemias, Iron-Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Blood Loss, Surgical Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.	0	2.05	1	0
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency Anemia characterized by decreased or absent iron stores, low serum iron concentration, low transferrin saturation, and low hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit value. The erythrocytes are hypochromic and microcytic and the iron binding capacity is increased.	0	2.05	1	0
Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE.	0	2.75	3	0
Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available]	0	3.64	3	0
Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.	0	3.64	3	0
Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.	0	3.93	13	0
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	3.13	5	0
Common Bile Duct Diseases Diseases of the COMMON BILE DUCT including the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.	0	2.94	4	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	0	8.13	5	0
Sigmoid Colon Diseases [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Corneal Dystrophies [description not available]	0	2.96	1	0
Central Hearing Loss [description not available]	0	2.96	1	0
Fibroid [description not available]	0	7.71	3	0
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Leiomyoma A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.	0	2.71	3	0
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.	0	3.25	6	0
Chromosomal Translocation [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Bile Duct Cancer [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Bile Duct Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.	0	2.05	1	0
Cholangiocarcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.	0	2.42	2	0
Cancer of Head [description not available]	0	5.27	12	1
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	0	5.27	12	1
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	0	2.05	1	0
Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body.	0	5.9	13	2
Coronary Artery Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.96	1	0
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available]	0	5.22	4	1
Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.	0	5.22	4	1
Coronary Stenosis Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.	0	2.96	1	0
Bone Marrow Diseases Diseases involving the BONE MARROW.	0	3.1	5	0
HbS Disease [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.	0	2.05	1	0
Chromosomal Instability An increased tendency to acquire CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS when various processes involved in chromosome replication, repair, or segregation are dysfunctional.	0	2.05	1	0
Cerebral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor [description not available]	0	5	3	1
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some authors to central nervous system tumors and others include neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e., NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general, these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059)	0	5	3	1
Duodenal Diseases Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).	0	2.97	1	0
Dilatation, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.	0	2.05	1	0
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycosis [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Paraparesis Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other conditions.	0	2.05	1	0
Cross-Transfusion, Intrauterine [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Mucositis, Oral [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.	0	2.42	2	0
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Otitis Media, Purulent [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Aldrich Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	2.05	1	0
Hematemesis Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red, or older coffee-ground in character. It generally indicates bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.	0	2.05	1	0
Otitis Media, Suppurative Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge.	0	2.05	1	0
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular malignancies are common.	0	2.43	2	0
Adult Neuroaxonal Dystrophy [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Black Death [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Plague An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.	0	2.05	1	0
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available]	0	5.55	6	1
Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.	0	5.55	6	1
Renal Artery Stenosis [description not available]	0	7.05	1	0
Renal Artery Obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).	0	2.05	1	0
Neoplasms, Nervous System [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Distorted Hearing [description not available]	0	2.97	1	0
Megacolon Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON.	0	2.05	1	0
Cells, Neoplasm Circulating [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available]	0	5.23	4	3
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	5.43	5	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	1	7.23	4	3
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	0	5.43	5	1
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available]	0	5.91	9	1
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.	0	5.91	9	1
Cryoglobulinemia A condition characterized by the presence of abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed areas.	0	2.05	1	0
Gingivostomatitis, Herpetic [description not available]	0	4.17	6	0
Stomatitis, Herpetic Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in children and adolescents.	0	4.17	6	0
Aplasia Pure Red Cell [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure Suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production.	0	2.46	2	0
Plasma Cell Tumor [description not available]	0	3.33	2	0
Plasmacytoma Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites.	0	3.33	2	0
Spinal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.	0	3.36	2	0
Female Genital Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Genital Neoplasms, Female Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	2.44	2	0
Esophageal Stricture [description not available]	0	7.69	3	0
Esophageal Stenosis A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but can be congenital.	0	2.69	3	0
Buckley Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Job Syndrome Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.	0	2.05	1	0
Fever of Unknown Origin Fever in which the etiology cannot be ascertained.	0	2.73	3	0
Dejerine-Roussy Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare [description not available]	0	7.48	11	1
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.	0	7.48	11	1
Brain Hemorrhage [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Hemorrhagic Disease of Newborn Neonatal nasogastric or intracranial hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.	0	2.06	1	0
Intracranial Hemorrhages Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.	0	2.06	1	0
Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.	0	2.06	1	0
Cherry Red Spot Myoclonus Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Carcinomatous Meningitis [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Meningeal Carcinomatosis Primary or secondary neoplasm in the ARACHNOID or SUBARACHNOID SPACE. It appears as a diffuse fibrotic thickening of the MENINGES associated with variable degrees of inflammation.	0	2.06	1	0
Pancreatic Diseases Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.	0	2.05	1	0
Cold Panniculitis [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Coronary Restenosis Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction.	0	2.06	1	0
Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.	0	5.17	11	0
Aneurysm, Aortic [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Aortic Dissection [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Marfan Syndrome, Type I [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Aortic Aneurysm An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.	0	2.06	1	0
Marfan Syndrome An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE, dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome (type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome type 2.	0	2.06	1	0
Bilateral Deafness [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	3.12	5	0
Black Fever [description not available]	0	2.74	3	0
Leishmaniasis, Visceral A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.	0	2.74	3	0
Central Nervous System Toxoplasmosis [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)	0	2.44	2	0
Granulomatosis, Lymphomatoid [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available]	0	3.82	2	1
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.	0	3.82	2	1
Anal Fissure [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Fissure in Ano A painful linear tear at the margin of the anus. It appears as a crack or slit in the mucous membrane of the anus and is very painful and difficult to heal.	0	2.7	3	0
Brill-Symmers Disease [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Lymphoma, Follicular Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.	0	2.94	4	0
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.	0	2.71	3	0
Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available]	0	2.94	4	0
Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.	0	2.94	4	0
Constriction, Pathological [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Abscess, Hepatic [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.	0	2.42	2	0
Liver Abscess Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.	0	2.06	1	0
Convulsions, Febrile [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Seizures, Febrile Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than 30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p784)	0	2.07	1	0
Neglected Diseases Diseases that are underfunded and have low name recognition but are major burdens in less developed countries. The World Health Organization has designated six tropical infectious diseases as being neglected in industrialized countries that are endemic in many developing countries (HELMINTHIASIS; LEPROSY; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ONCHOCERCIASIS; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; and TRACHOMA).	0	2.06	1	0
Glossitis Inflammation of the tongue.	0	2.06	1	0
Delayed Graft Function General dysfunction of an organ occurring immediately following its transplantation. The term most frequently refers to renal dysfunction following KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	2.06	1	0
Pleural Diseases Diseases involving the PLEURA.	0	3.45	1	1
Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)	1	10.68	20	6
Blood Protein Disorders Hematologic diseases caused by structural or functional defects of BLOOD PROTEINS.	0	2.07	1	0
Grippe [description not available]	0	4.79	5	0
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	0	4.79	5	0
Sterility, Male [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.	0	2.92	4	0
Infections, Salmonella [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Asymptomatic Colonization [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Birdshot Chorioretinitis [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Astrocytosis [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	4.92	8	1
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	0	4.92	8	1
Hemorrhage, Vitreous [description not available]	0	6.94	9	2
Vitreous Hemorrhage Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.	0	6.94	9	2
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Torsade de Pointes [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Long QT Syndrome A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.	0	2.07	1	0
Tachycardia, Ventricular An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).	0	2.07	1	0
Orphan Diseases Rare diseases that have not been well studied.	0	2.45	2	0
Chicken Pox [description not available]	0	7.23	10	1
Chickenpox A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed. Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	7.23	10	1
Cancer of Lip [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Syndrome, VKH (Vogt Koyanagi Harada) [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, premature ALOPECIA, symmetrical VITILIGO, poliosis circumscripta (a strand of depigmented hair), HEARING DISORDERS, and meningeal signs (neck stiffness and headache). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid reveals a pattern consistent with MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p748; Surv Ophthalmol 1995 Jan;39(4):265-292)	0	2.07	1	0
Cancer of Endometrium [description not available]	0	4.74	2	1
Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.	0	4.74	2	1
Hepatitis, Infectious [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Hepatitis A INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.	0	2.07	1	0
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.	0	2.07	1	0
Familial Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.	0	2.07	1	0
Hair Diseases Diseases affecting the orderly growth and persistence of hair.	0	2.07	1	0
Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.	0	5.58	6	1
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive Reproducible depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below 300 per cubic millimeter in the absence of HIV infection or other known causes of immunodeficiency. This is a rare, heterogeneous syndrome and does not appear to be caused by a transmissible agent.	0	2.7	3	0
Asymptomatic Conditions [description not available]	0	3.9	1	0
Aura [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)	0	2.43	2	0
Megacolon, Toxic An acute form of MEGACOLON, severe pathological dilatation of the COLON. It is associated with clinical conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS; CROHN DISEASE; AMEBIC DYSENTERY; or CLOSTRIDIUM ENTEROCOLITIS.	0	3.35	2	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Break-Bone Fever [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Dengue An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.	0	7.07	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired [description not available]	0	2.71	3	0
Fatty Liver with Encephalopathy [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).	0	2.71	3	0
Ovoid Neutrophil Nuclei, Developmental Delay, Epilepsy and Skeletal Abnormalities [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Moniliasis, Oral [description not available]	0	3.39	1	1
Candidiasis, Oral Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.39	1	1
Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)	0	2.4	2	0
Hyperammonemia Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.	0	2.01	1	0
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis [description not available]	0	9.86	13	0
Peritoneal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.	1	6.86	13	0
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	0	4.3	19	0
Adrenal Cortex Cancer [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.	0	2.01	1	0
Drug Abuse, Intravenous [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available]	0	5.17	18	0
Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.	0	5.17	18	0
MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available]	0	3.33	2	0
Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)	0	3.33	2	0
Abnormalities, Congenital, Nervous System [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Central Nervous System Viral Diseases Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord, meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.	0	9.3	7	4
Cancer of Rectum [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Peptic Ulcer Perforation Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the PERITONEAL CAVITY.	0	2.01	1	0
Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.	0	2.7	3	0
Central Nervous System Neoplasm [description not available]	0	4.31	7	0
Central Nervous System Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.	1	6.31	7	0
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.4	2	0
Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell Group of disorders which feature accumulations of active HISTIOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTES, but where the histiocytes are not LANGERHANS CELLS. The group includes HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS; SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS; xanthogranuloma; reticulohistiocytoma; JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA; xanthoma disseminatum; as well as the lipid storage diseases (SEA-BLUE HISTIOCYTE SYNDROME; and NIEMANN-PICK DISEASES).	0	3.26	6	0
Prolymphocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Leukemia, Prolymphocytic A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.	0	2.01	1	0
Tuberculosis, Miliary An acute form of TUBERCULOSIS in which minute tubercles are formed in a number of organs of the body due to dissemination of the bacilli through the blood stream.	0	2.01	1	0
Bile Duct Diseases Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest COMMON BILE DUCT.	0	2.42	2	0
ARSA Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of neurological symptoms.	0	2.01	1	0
Cancer of the Retina [description not available]	0	4.08	3	1
HPV Infection [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Papillomavirus Infections Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.	0	2.42	2	0
Cardiac Output, Low A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.	0	2.01	1	0
Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	0	2.01	1	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Anoxia, Brain [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	0	8.25	6	0
Afferent Pupillary Defect [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms [description not available]	0	3.81	2	1
Cancer of Sigmoid [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Delirium of Mixed Origin [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Amentia [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Sick Sinus Node Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Delirium A disorder characterized by CONFUSION; inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)	0	2.01	1	0
Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.	0	2.4	2	0
Rectovaginal Fistula An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM and the VAGINA.	0	2.01	1	0
Cancer of the Tongue [description not available]	0	3.25	6	0
Tongue Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.	0	3.25	6	0
Diffuse Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Poorly-Differentiated [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Hairy Cell Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
B-Cell Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Leukemia, Hairy Cell A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy, and the presence of hairy or flagellated cells in the blood and bone marrow.	0	2.01	1	0
Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1).	0	2.42	2	0
Benign Supratentorial Neoplasms [description not available]	0	5.77	4	2
Amyotonia Congenita [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Neuromuscular Diseases A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION; muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.	0	3.31	2	0
Bilirubinemia [description not available]	0	7.62	5	4
Carcinoma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.	0	2.01	1	0
Deficiency of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes, leading to hemolytic anemia.	0	2.01	1	0
Hematoma, Subdural Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.	0	2.01	1	0
Rib Fractures Fractures of any of the RIBS.	0	2.01	1	0
Group A Strep Infection [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.	0	2.4	2	0
Gastritis, Familial Giant Hypertrophic [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically, the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p185)	0	2.92	4	0
Infectious Endophthalmitis Infectious condition of the internal eye.	0	6.65	11	2
Bacterial Eye Infections [description not available]	0	3.09	5	0
Endophthalmitis Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.	0	6.65	11	2
Foreign-Body Migration Migration of a foreign body from its original location to some other location in the body.	0	2.93	4	0
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best characterized of these disorders.	0	2.01	1	0
Cancer of Spleen [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Vulvar Diseases Pathological processes of the VULVA.	0	2.01	1	0
Carcinoma, Medullary A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)	0	2.92	4	0
Erythema Infectiosum Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever, headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is often confused with RUBELLA.	0	2.01	1	0
Ileal Diseases Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE.	0	2.4	2	0
Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Wounds, Stab Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object.	0	2.71	3	0
Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).	0	2.02	1	0
Abdominal Epilepsy [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Cryptogenic Infantile Spasms [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Epilepsies, Partial Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain. Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317)	0	2.02	1	0
Spasms, Infantile An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)	0	2.43	2	0
Carcinoma, Oat Cell [description not available]	0	3.39	7	0
Carcinoma, Small Cell An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7)	0	3.39	7	0
Chondrosarcoma A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	7.41	2	0
Complication, Intraoperative [description not available]	0	5	3	1
Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available]	0	3.27	6	0
Hallucination of Body Sensation [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Absence Status [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Central Nervous System Origin Vertigo [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Hallucinations Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated with MENTAL DISORDERS.	0	2.4	2	0
Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)	0	2.02	1	0
Vertigo An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)	0	2.02	1	0
Genome Instability [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Myelomonocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic A myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative disease characterized by monocytosis, increased monocytes in the bone marrow, variable degrees of dysplasia, but an absence of immature granulocytes in the blood.	0	2.41	2	0
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	0	4.63	4	0
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	0	4.63	4	0
Infections, Rhabdoviridae [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Campylobacter Infection [description not available]	0	2.93	1	0
Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available]	0	7.03	10	2
Hemiplegia, Crossed [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Hemiplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions; cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body.	0	2.43	2	0
Urinary Incontinence Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.	0	2.02	1	0
Infection [description not available]	0	10.21	4	1
Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	1	7.21	4	1
Urethritis Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.	0	2.02	1	0
Hospital-Acquired Condition [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Gasser Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.1	5	0
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.	0	3.1	5	0
Cyst [description not available]	0	7.02	1	0
Adenoma, Pleomorphic A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule, usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.02	1	0
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Cancer of Pituitary [description not available]	0	2.92	4	0
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	2.41	2	0
Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.	0	2.92	4	0
Foreign-Body Reaction Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around irritating foreign bodies.	0	2.93	4	0
Eye Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.	0	2.43	2	0
Cranial Nerve Diseases Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.	0	2.68	3	0
P carinii Infection [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Pneumocystis Infections Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally.	0	2.4	2	0
Leiomyosarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Leiomyosarcoma A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is 60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1865)	0	2.02	1	0
Emphysema A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.	0	2.4	2	0
Becker Muscular Dystrophy [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)	0	2.02	1	0
Hand Injuries General or unspecified injuries to the hand.	0	2.02	1	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, T Cell [description not available]	0	3.7	10	0
Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.6	9	0
Leukemia, T-Cell A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.	0	3.7	10	0
Bone Fractures [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones.	0	2.02	1	0
Endocarditis, Loeffler [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Biliary Tract Hemorrhage [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs.	0	2.02	1	0
Neoplasm Seeding The local implantation of tumor cells by contamination of instruments and surgical equipment during and after surgical resection, resulting in local growth of the cells and tumor formation.	0	3.41	1	1
Anorectal Diseases [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Adult-Onset Still Disease [description not available]	0	2.43	2	0
Rectal Diseases Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	2.39	2	0
Still's Disease, Adult-Onset Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.	0	2.43	2	0
Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.	0	2.94	1	0
Conus Medullaris Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.	0	2.02	1	0
Atherogenesis [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	0	2.03	1	0
Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Nearsightedness [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Myopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.	0	2.03	1	0
Ocular Toxoplasmosis [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Toxoplasmosis, Ocular Infection caused by the protozoan parasite TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal, and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in infants may lead to blindness.	0	2.4	2	0
Celiac Sprue [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.	0	2.42	2	0
Sclerosis A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.	0	7.42	2	0
Adenitis [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available]	0	3.34	2	0
Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent.	0	3.34	2	0
Acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.	0	2.03	1	0
Chromosome Inversion An aberration in which a chromosomal segment is deleted and reinserted in the same place but turned 180 degrees from its original orientation, so that the gene sequence for the segment is reversed with respect to that of the rest of the chromosome.	0	2.03	1	0
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	0	2.7	3	0
Hemorrhoids Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.	0	2.03	1	0
Community Acquired Infection [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Infections, Respirovirus [description not available]	0	3.32	2	0
Argentaffinoma [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Appendiceal Cancer [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Appendiceal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.	0	2.03	1	0
Carcinoid Tumor A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)	0	2.03	1	0
Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.	0	2.4	2	0
Lupus Vulgaris A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA; BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.	0	2.03	1	0
Hyperamylasemia A condition with abnormally elevated level of AMYLASES in the serum. Hyperamylasemia due to PANCREATITIS or other causes may be differentiated by identifying the amylase isoenzymes.	0	2.03	1	0
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.	0	4.71	2	1
Nerve Pain [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.	0	2.03	1	0
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available]	0	2.44	2	0
Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).	0	2.44	2	0
Coronary Heart Disease [description not available]	0	5.21	7	0
Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.	0	5.21	7	0
Icterus Gravis Neonatorum [description not available]	0	3.42	1	1
Jaundice, Neonatal Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES.	0	3.42	1	1
Abdominal Injuries General or unspecified injuries involving organs in the abdominal cavity.	0	2.03	1	0
Blunt Injuries [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
ARPKD [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.	0	2.03	1	0
Adrenal Gland Hypofunction [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Adrenal Insufficiency Conditions in which the production of adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS.	0	7.41	2	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)	0	2.03	1	0
Peripheral Nerve Injury [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Peripheral Nerve Injuries Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.	0	2.03	1	0
Combined Immunodeficiency, X-Linked [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have been identified.	0	2.03	1	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.	0	2.42	2	0
Flaccid Quadriplegia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Cecitis [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Enterocolitis, Neutropenic A syndrome characterized by inflammation in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the ASCENDING COLON. It is observed in cancer patients with CHEMOTHERAPY-induced NEUTROPENIA or in other immunocompromised individuals (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).	0	2.04	1	0
Arthritis, Spinal [description not available]	0	2.96	1	0
Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Pre-Eclampsia A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.	0	2.41	2	0
Infarct [description not available]	0	7.04	1	0
Bewilderment [description not available]	0	2.91	4	0
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.	0	2.04	1	0
Ambulation Disorders, Neurologic [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Impairment, Light Touch Sensation [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Biliary Tract Diseases Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.	0	2.04	1	0
Fungal Lung Diseases [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Neuritis A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA.	0	4.2	2	0
Infections, Hepadnaviridae [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Hepadnaviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the HEPADNAVIRIDAE.	0	2.39	2	0
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	0	3.31	2	0
Addison's Disease [description not available]	0	3.59	3	0
Addison Disease An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES.	0	3.59	3	0
Infections, Pneumococcal [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Pneumococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.	0	1.98	1	0
Carcinosarcoma A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.39	2	0
Hepatitis, Viral, Animal INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.	0	2.9	4	0
Autoimmune Demyelinating Disease, Peripheral [description not available]	0	4.4	8	0
Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
AIDS Dementia Complex A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40)	0	2.67	3	0
Earache Pain in the ear.	0	1.98	1	0
Entrapment Neuropathies [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available]	0	5.19	8	0
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	0	5.19	8	0
Lipidoses Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved.	0	1.98	1	0
Chronic Hepatitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Hepatitis, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.	0	1.98	1	0
Listeria Cerebritis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)	0	1.98	1	0
Aseptic Meningitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Laboratory Infection Accidentally acquired infection in laboratory workers.	0	1.98	1	0
Meningitis, Aseptic A syndrome characterized by headache, neck stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis in the absence of an acute bacterial pathogen. Viral meningitis is the most frequent cause although MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; RICKETTSIA INFECTIONS; diagnostic or therapeutic procedures; NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES; septic perimeningeal foci; and other conditions may result in this syndrome. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p745)	0	1.98	1	0
ARC [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
AIDS-Related Complex A prodromal phase of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown AIDS.	0	2.89	4	0
Anuria Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.	0	2.39	2	0
Fungemia The presence of fungi circulating in the blood. Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.	0	4.7	2	1
Macular Holes [description not available]	0	7.99	8	4
Retinal Perforations Perforations through the whole thickness of the retina including the macula as the result of inflammation, trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks, tears, dialyses, and holes.	0	7.99	8	4
Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
EHS Tumor [description not available]	0	5.54	6	1
Bronchiolitis, Viral An acute inflammatory disease of the lower RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.	0	3.37	1	1
Diseases in Twins Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.	0	3.31	2	0
Goiter Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).	0	2.9	1	0
Hyperthyroid [description not available]	0	2.9	1	0
Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.	0	2.9	1	0
Actinomyces Infections [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Esophageal Cyst Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac (CYSTS) that is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the ESOPHAGUS region.	0	1.98	1	0
Thoracic Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the THORAX.	0	1.98	1	0
Chylopericardium [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Pericardial Effusion Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.	0	1.98	1	0
Infections, Retroviridae [description not available]	0	4.05	3	0
Retroviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.	0	4.05	3	0
Toxoplasmosis, Animal Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.	0	2.39	2	0
Lung Diseases, Parasitic Infections of the lungs with parasites, most commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).	0	1.98	1	0
Genetic Diseases [description not available]	0	3.3	2	0
Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction [description not available]	0	4.62	6	0
Genetic Diseases, Inborn Diseases that are caused by genetic mutations present during embryo or fetal development, although they may be observed later in life. The mutations may be inherited from a parent's genome or they may be acquired in utero.	0	3.3	2	0
Transfusion Reaction Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic (delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related to immunocompatibility.	0	4.62	6	0
Encephalitis, JC Polyomavirus [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination. Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)	0	1.98	1	0
Cold Sore [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Herpes Labialis Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	1.98	1	0
Mandibular Diseases Diseases involving the MANDIBLE.	0	1.98	1	0
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Arthritides, Bacterial [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Myelopathy [description not available]	0	5.21	4	1
Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.	0	5.21	4	1
Parodontosis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.	0	1.98	1	0
Aphthae [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)	0	1.98	1	0
Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Bronchiolitis Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.	0	1.98	1	0
Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.	0	1.98	1	0
alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Deficiency of the protease inhibitor ALPHA 1-ANTITRYPSIN that manifests primarily as PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA and LIVER CIRRHOSIS.	0	1.98	1	0
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	5.08	6	0
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.	0	5.08	6	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	0	4.47	5	1
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	0	4.47	5	1
Adenitis, Salivary Gland [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.	0	1.99	1	0
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Purpura, Thrombopenic [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms.	0	1.98	1	0
Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.	0	2.39	2	0
Adrenoleukodystrophy, Autosomal Neonatal Form [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Peroxisomal Disorders A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES. Peroxisomal enzymatic abnormalities may be single or multiple. Biosynthetic peroxisomal pathways are compromised, including the ability to synthesize ether lipids and to oxidize long-chain fatty acid precursors. Diseases in this category include ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE; rhizomelic chondrodysplasia (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC); hyperpipecolic acidemia; neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy; and ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY (X-linked). Neurologic dysfunction is a prominent feature of most peroxisomal disorders.	0	1.99	1	0
Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Polyuria Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).	0	1.99	1	0
Epulides [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Microglossia [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Lip Diseases Diseases involving the LIP.	0	1.99	1	0
Gingival Diseases Diseases involving the GINGIVA.	0	1.99	1	0
Chronic Progressive Epilepsia Partialis Continua [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Epilepsia Partialis Continua A variant of EPILEPSY characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished during sleep. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY demonstrates epileptiform (spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may originate from the CEREBRAL CORTEX or from subcortical structures (e.g., BRAIN STEM; BASAL GANGLIA). This condition is associated with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see ENCEPHALITIS, TICK BORNE); Rasmussen syndrome (see ENCEPHALITIS); MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Brain, 1996 April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319)	0	3.31	2	0
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy [description not available]	0	3.6	3	0
Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes.	0	3.6	3	0
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)	0	1.99	1	0
Psychoses, Drug [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction Functional obstruction of the COLON leading to MEGACOLON in the absence of obvious COLONIC DISEASES or mechanical obstruction. When this condition is acquired, acute, and coexisting with another medical condition (trauma, surgery, serious injuries or illness, or medication), it is called Ogilvie's syndrome.	0	2.4	2	0
Thyroid Diseases Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.	0	1.99	1	0
Intraventricular Septal Defects [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of ventricular septal defects is based on location of the communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular defect.	0	1.99	1	0
Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated [description not available]	0	2.9	1	0
Cerebral Nocardiosis [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Verruca [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Leukoplakia, Hairy Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.	0	2.91	1	0
Molluscum Contagiosum A common, benign, usually self-limited viral infection of the skin and occasionally the conjunctivae by a poxvirus (MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM VIRUS). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.91	1	0
Warts Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are viral in origin.	0	2.91	1	0
Exanthema Subitum An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6, HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.61	3	0
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.	0	2.69	3	0
External Ophthalmoplegia [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Infection, Wound [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Parasitemia The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.99	1	0
American Trypanosomiasis [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.	0	1.99	1	0
Hand-Schu00FCller-Christian Disease [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1 ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single organ, or can be a systemic disorder.	0	1.99	1	0
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	0	1.99	1	0
Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.	0	1.99	1	0
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.	0	1.99	1	0
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.	0	1.99	1	0
Injuries, Eye [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Eye Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.	0	1.99	1	0
Arterial Obstructive Diseases [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Auricular Syndrome of Ramsay Hunt [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Arterial Occlusive Diseases Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.	0	1.99	1	0
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	0	4.63	3	2
Nasal Catarrh [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.	0	1.99	1	0
Cancer of Salivary Gland [description not available]	0	2.4	2	0
Salivary Gland Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.	0	2.4	2	0
Adrenal Gland Diseases Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS.	0	2.38	2	0
Hyponatremia Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.99	1	0
Reproductive Sterility [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Infertility A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce.	0	2.91	1	0
Ethmoid Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic (allergic) condition.	0	1.99	1	0
Nasal Polyps Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.	0	1.99	1	0
Pneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Pneumothorax An accumulation of air or gas in the PLEURAL CAVITY, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a pathological process. The gas may also be introduced deliberately during PNEUMOTHORAX, ARTIFICIAL.	0	1.99	1	0
Benign Cerebellar Neoplasms [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.	0	1.99	1	0
Cancer of Muscle [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Multiple Primary Neoplasms [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Gammapathy, Monoclonal [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Paraproteinemias A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.	0	1.99	1	0
Coarctation of Aorta [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Aortic Coarctation A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.	0	1.99	1	0
Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.99	1	0
Corynebacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM.	0	1.99	1	0
Hepatitis, Animal INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.	0	1.99	1	0
Milk-Alkali Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.	0	6.99	1	0
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	0	3.32	2	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Empyema, Thoracic [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Empyema, Pleural Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.	0	2	1	0
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Dementias, Transmissible [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	0	2	1	0
Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins).	0	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.	0	2.91	1	0
Infantile Diarrhea [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Diarrhea, Infantile DIARRHEA occurring in infants from newborn to 24-months old.	0	2	1	0
Dizzyness [description not available]	0	3.38	1	1
Breathlessness [description not available]	0	3.38	1	1
Drop Attack [description not available]	0	3.38	1	1
Dizziness An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.	0	3.38	1	1
Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing.	0	3.38	1	1
Syncope A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)	0	3.38	1	1
Sexually Transmitted Disease, Viral [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Sicca Syndrome [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Collagen Diseases Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)	0	2	1	0
Sjogren's Syndrome Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.	0	2	1	0
Hypopharyngeal Cancer [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.	0	2	1	0
Anaplastic Ependymoma [description not available]	0	3.8	2	1
Ependymoma Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)	0	8.8	2	1
Vitiligo A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.	0	8.39	1	1
Night Blindness Failure or imperfection of vision at night or in dim light, with good vision only on bright days. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2	1	0
Brain Abscess A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES, middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)	0	2	1	0
Graft Occlusion, Vascular Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.	0	2	1	0
Bilateral Wilms Tumor [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Wilms Tumor A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.	0	2	1	0
Arachnoid Cysts Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)	0	2	1	0
AIDS Wasting Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
HIV Wasting Syndrome Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, p1611).	0	2.41	2	0
Armstrong Syndrome [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Ureteral Diseases Pathological processes involving the URETERS.	0	2	1	0
Essential Polyarteritis [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Refractory Anemia [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Anemia, Refractory A severe sometimes chronic anemia, usually macrocytic in type, that does not respond to ordinary antianemic therapy.	0	2	1	0
Actinomycetales Infections Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.	0	2	1	0
Hemorrhagic Diathesis [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Hemorrhagic Disorders Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS).	0	2	1	0
Zoonoses Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.	0	2	1	0
Monkey Diseases Diseases of Old World and New World monkeys. This term includes diseases of baboons but not of chimpanzees or gorillas (= APE DISEASES).	0	2	1	0
Cancer of Maxillary Sinus [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)	0	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Papillary A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2	1	0
Cryptosporidium Infection [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Cryptosporidiosis Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe DIARRHEA.	0	2.38	2	0
Digestive System Disorders [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Digestive System Diseases Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).	0	2.38	2	0
Icterus [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.	0	2	1	0
Jaundice A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction.	0	2	1	0
Addiction, Opioid [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Opioid-Related Disorders Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or misuse of OPIOIDS.	0	2.39	2	0
BOOP [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Infections, Listeria [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.	0	2	1	0
Cancer of Granulosa Cells [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Interstitial Cell Tumor [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Cancer of Testis [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.	0	2.39	2	0
Chronic Insomnia [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Dysesthesia [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.	0	2	1	0
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available]	0	2.92	1	0
Plica Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.92	1	0
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.	0	2.92	1	0
Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.	0	2.92	1	0
Amnesia-Memory Loss [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Amnesia Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)	0	2	1	0
Female Genital Diseases [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	2	1	0
Cancer, Second Primary [description not available]	0	2.92	1	0
Adenocystic Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2	1	0
Cancer of Parotid [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Parotid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.	0	2.01	1	0
Adenoma, Oxyphilic A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.	0	2.01	1	0
Cardiac Tamponade Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.	0	2.01	1	0
Clerambault Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Superior Vena Cava Obstruction [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Indigestion [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating.	0	1.98	1	0
Periphlebitis Periphlebitis is inflammation of the outer coat of a vein or of tissues surrounding the vein.	0	1.98	1	0
Phlebitis Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (THROMBOPHLEBITIS).	0	1.98	1	0
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	1.98	1	0
Autosomal Hemophilia A [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Hemophilia A The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.	0	1.98	1	0
Choroiditis Inflammation of the choroid.	0	1.98	1	0
Epididymitis Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.	0	1.97	1	0
Central Hypothyroidism [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.	0	1.97	1	0
AIDS, Murine [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Thromboembolism Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.	0	1.97	1	0
Nutritional Disorders [description not available]	0	3.58	3	0
Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition.	0	3.58	3	0
Histoplasma capsulatum Infection [description not available]	0	3.36	1	1
Histoplasmosis Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus HISTOPLASMA. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the central and eastern states, especially areas around the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.	0	3.36	1	1
Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Keratosis Any horny growth such as a wart or callus.	0	1.97	1	0
Infections, Picornaviridae [description not available]	0	2.88	1	0
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	0	1.97	1	0
Muscle Disorders [description not available]	0	3.29	2	0
Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	3.29	2	0
Hoarseness An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.	0	1.97	1	0
Great Pox [description not available]	0	2.89	1	0
Syphilis A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.	0	2.89	1	0
Leukemia, Pre-B-Cell [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high number of lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as leukemia.	0	1.97	1	0
Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.	0	1.97	1	0
Inner Ear Disease [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear (LABYRINTH).	0	6.97	1	0
Labyrinth Diseases Pathological processes of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) which contains the essential apparatus of hearing (COCHLEA) and balance (SEMICIRCULAR CANALS).	0	1.97	1	0
Polyneuropathy, Acquired [description not available]	0	2.88	1	0
Polyneuropathies Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized by symmetrical, bilateral distal motor and sensory impairment with a graded increase in severity distally. The pathological processes affecting peripheral nerves include degeneration of the axon, myelin or both. The various forms of polyneuropathy are categorized by the type of nerve affected (e.g., sensory, motor, or autonomic), by the distribution of nerve injury (e.g., distal vs. proximal), by nerve component primarily affected (e.g., demyelinating vs. axonal), by etiology, or by pattern of inheritance.	0	2.88	1	0
BLV Infections [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Phlegmasia Alba Dolens Inflammation that is characterized by swollen, pale, and painful limb. It is usually caused by DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS in a FEMORAL VEIN, following PARTURITION or an illness. This condition is also called milk leg or white leg.	0	1.97	1	0
Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS).	0	1.97	1	0
Diseases of Immune System [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.	0	1.97	1	0
Keratosis, Oral [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Leukoplakia, Oral A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced. When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	1.97	1	0
Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	0	1.97	1	0
Infectious Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Skin Diseases, Infectious Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.	0	1.96	1	0

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	94.70	94.04	93.38	92.05	89.40	88.74
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	97.97	95.95	94.59	92.57	90.54	90.54

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	94.70	93.38	93.38	92.05	91.39	91.39
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	97.30	97.30	96.62	95.95	94.59	92.57

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	24 months	36 months	48 months	60 months	72 months	84 months
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	90.07	88.08	87.42	84.77	81.46	80.79
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	95.27	93.92	91.89	89.19	85.81	83.78

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	18.2
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	13.2

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis,With CMV Infection at Month 84	8.3
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis, No CMV Infection at Month 84	11.5

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	11.8
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	18.3

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	14.1
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	42.6

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	31.1
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	37.7

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	5.6
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	16.9

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	5.6
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	14.6

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	98.6
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	96.0

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	35.1
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	26.5

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	-0.1057
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	0.1452

Intervention	copies/ml*days (Mean)
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	5309.83
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	3765.8

Intervention	graft rejections (Number)
	24 months: CMV Positive Donor	24 months: CMV Negative Donor	36 months: CMV Positive Donor	36 months: CMV Negative Donor	48 months: CMV Positive Donor	48 months: CMV Negative Donor	60 months: CMV Positive Donor	60 months: CMV Negative Donor	72 months: CMV Positive Donor	72 months: CMV Negative Donor	84 months: CMV Positive Donor	84 months: CMV Negative Donor
Pre-emptive CMV Therapy	48	27	51	28	51	28	52	29	53	29	53	31
Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis	39	20	42	20	45	21	46	21	48	21	48	21

Intervention	participants (Number)
	100 days post-transplant	6 months post-transplant
Ganciclovir 1000 mg TID	19	23
Maribavir 100 mg BID	16	20

Intervention	participants (Number)
	pp65 antigenemia assay	CMV DNA PCR assay	pp65 antigenemia or CMV DNA PCR assay	Initiation of anti-CMV therapy
Ganciclovir 1000 mg TID	49	52	64	39
Maribavir 100 mg BID	63	72	81	46

Intervention	participants (Number)
	At 100 days post-transplant	At 6 months post-transplant
Ganciclovir 1000 mg TID	2	2
Maribavir 100 mg BID	1	2

Intervention	percent of participants (Number)
	Hematology AEs	ANC <1000/mm3	WBC count toxicity grade shifts	Use of hematopoietic growth factors
Ganciclovir 1000 mg TID	21	16	21	20
Maribavir 100 mg BID	14	9	16	15

Intervention	μg/mL (Mean)
	2 weeks, n=10	6 weeks, n=7	10 weeks, n=8
Maribavir 100 mg BID	1.65	1.36	1.55

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Haptoglobin	Hemoglobin	Hemolysis	Leukocytes	Lymphopenia	Neutrophils/granulocytes	Platelets	pRBCs	aGVHD	cGVHD	Palpitations	Supraventricular and nodal arrhythmia	Cardiac General - Other	Hypertension	Hypotension	Edema	INR	Fatigue	Fever	Insomnia	Rigors/Chills	Sweating	Weight loss	Bruising	Skin - Other	Dry Skin	Flushing	Hair Loss / Alopecia	Pigmentation Changes	Pruritus/Itching	Rash/Desquamation	Rash/Desquamation w GVHD	Wound Complication, Non-infection	Cushingoid Appearance	Endocrine - Other	Thyroid Function, Low (Hypothyroidism)	Anorexia	Constipation	Dehydration	Diarrhea	Diarrhea with GVHD	Dry mouth/Salivary Gland (Xerostomia)	Esophagitis	Flatulence	Gastritis	Gastrointestinal - Other	Heartburn/Dyspepsia	Mucositis/Stomatitis	Nausea	Stomatitis/pharyngitis (Oral/Pharyngeal Mucositis)	Taste Alteration (Dysgeusia)	Vomiting	Hematuria (in the absence of vaginal bleeding)	Hemorrhage/bleeding w/ grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopni	Hemorrhage/bleeding w/o grade 3 or 4 thrombocytope	Hemorrhage, pulmonary/upper respiratory	Hemorrhage/Bleeding - Other	Petechiae/purpura	Bilirubin with GVHD	Febrile Neutropenia	Infection - Other	Infection w/ unknown ANC	Infection - Bacterial	Infection - Fungal	Infection - Viral	Lymphatics	ALT, SGPT	AST, SGOT	Albumin, serum-low (hypoalbuminemia)	Alkaline phosphatase	Bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia)	CPK (creatine phosphokinase)	Calcium, serum-high (hypercalcemia)	Calcium, serum-low (hypocalcemia)	Cholesterol, serum-high (hypercholesteremia)	Creatinine	Glucose, serum-high (hyperglycemia)	Magnesium, serum-high (hypermagnesemia)	Magnesium, serum-low (hypomagnesemia)	Metabolic/Laboratory - Other	Phosphate, serum-low (hypophosphatemia)	Potassium, serum-high (hyperkalemia)	Potassium, serum-low (hypokalemia)	Proteinuria	Sodium, serum-low (hyponatremia)	Uric acid, serum-high (hyperuricemia)	Muscle weakness, generalized or specific area	Musculoskeletal/Soft Tissue - Other	Myositis (inflammation/damage of muscle)	Confusion	Dizziness	Memory Impairment	Mood Alteration	Neurology - Other	Neuropathy: Motor	Neuropathy: Sensory	Speech Impairment	Syncope	Tremor	Dry eye syndrome	Ocular/Visual - Other	Ophthalmoplegia/diplopia (double vision)	Pain	Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)	Cough	Dyspnea (shortness of breath)	Hypoxia	Pleural effusion (non-malignant)	Pneumonitis/pulmonary infiltrates	Pulmonary/Upper Respiratory - Other	Urinary frequency/urgency	Urinary retention (including neurogenic bladder)	Thrombosis/thrombus/embolism
CMV Reactivation Patients With GCV	1	31	1	22	2	12	26	17	21	1	1	19	1	13	5	8	1	21	10	3	6	1	3	2	3	5	4	4	5	3	3	19	1	15	2	1	15	1	16	4	4	2	2	4	2	6	4	1	22	16	5	14	4	2	2	1	1	1	5	1	1	3	13	3	8	1	31	23	25	11	8	1	1	20	23	20	24	4	27	1	21	7	16	1	15	5	3	2	1	1	5	1	11	4	1	3	1	1	12	2	4	1	25	2	7	7	2	1	6	2	1	1	1

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Compliance	No Compliance
Compliance Among Patients With CMV Reactivation	26	8

Intervention	events (Number)
	number of events	number of no events
IV Ganciclovir	15	67
Placebo	9	55

ganciclovir

Cross-References

Synonyms (197)

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (46)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (122)

Molecular Functions (65)

Ceullar Components (43)

Bioassays (1825)

Research

Studies (6,329)

Study Types

Clinical Trials (100)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Morbidity

Mortality

Survival

Percent of Participants With Detectable Fasting Basal C-Peptide Levels

Percent of Participants That Achieved Insulin Independence With Adequate Control of Blood Glucose Levels at One Year Post Final Islet Transplantation.

Serum Creatinine Levels for Participants in the Extended Follow-up Study Phase

Percent of Participants With Partial Islet Function One Year Post Final Islet Transplantation.

Percent of Participants That Achieved Insulin Independence From First Transplant

HbA1c Plasma Laboratory Values for Participants in the Extended Follow-up Study Phase

Comparison by Treatment Assignment in the Number of Biopsy-Proven Acute Rejections Within 12 Months Post Kidney Transplantation

The Difference in Linear Growth by Treatment Assignment at 1 Year Post Kidney Transplantation

Percentage of Participants With Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus

Proteomics Parameter: CKD273

Proteomics Parameter: CMV

Proteomics Parameter: Nephropathy

Number of Participants Who Died From Months 24 to Month 84

Number of Participants Who Had Lost Their Transplant or Died up to Month 84

Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants (With Versus Without Active CMV Infection) on Pre-emptive CMV Therapy With First Occurrence of Graft Loss at Month 84

Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Graft Survival

Number of Participants With Graft Rejections by CMV Status (Positive or Negative) of the Donor at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Participant Survival

Number of Participants Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84

Number of Participants With Active CMV Infection After Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Participants With Active CMV Infection Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84

Number of Participants With CMV Disease After Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Participants With CMV Disease From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Creatinine Clearance at Month 12

Number of Participants With CMV Syndrome From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Participants With CMV Tissue Invasive Disease From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Participants With CMV Viremia (Active CMV Infection) From Baseline to Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Participants Without Active CMV Infection Who Had Lost Their Transplant up to Month 84

Percentage of Participants Surviving at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival or Participant Survival at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Percentage of Participants With at Least One Treated and Biopsy-Proven Acute Rejection Episode Within 12 Months

Days of Hospitalization

Relationship Between Proteomics Pattern and Graft Survival

Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants (With Versus Without Active CMV Infection) on Valganciclovir CMV Prophylaxis With First Occurrence of Graft Loss at Month 84

Percentage of Participants Surviving at Month 12

Percentage of Participants With Active CMV Infections Not Responding to Valganciclovir or IV Ganciclovir Treatment

Percentage of Participants With Active Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection Within 12 Months

Percentage of Participants With Any Opportunistic Infection Within 12 Months

Percentage of Participants With CMV Disease Within 12 Months Including CMV Syndrome and Tissue Invasive Disease

Percentage of Participants With CMV Syndrome Within 12 Months

Percentage of Participants With CMV Tissue Invasive Disease Within 12 Months

Percentage of Participants With Graft Loss at Month 84

Percentage of Participants With Graft Survival at Month 12

Percentage of Participants With Leukopenia Within 12 Months

Percentage of Participants With Neutropenia Within 12 Months

Time to Occurrence of First Viremia Within 12 Months

Urine Proteomic Pattern at Month 12

Viral Burden at Viremia

Creatinine Clearance at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Number of Graft Rejections by CMV Status (Positive or Negative) of the Donor at Month 24 and Every 12 Months up to Month 84

Intervention	events (Number)
	number of deaths	number of alive
IV Ganciclovir	16	66
Placebo	11	53

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
	Mild Acute Rejection	Moderate Acute Rejection	Severe Acute Rejection	Chronic Rejection
Cohort 1	0	0	0	0
Cohort 2	11.1	0	0	0

Intervention	Percent of Participants (Number)
	Anemia	Neutropenia	Thrombocytopenia
Cohort 1	66.7	16.7	16.7
Cohort 2	22.2	0	0

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	23.9
Maribavir 400 mg	55.7

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	10.3
Maribavir 400 mg	18.7

Intervention	micrograms per milliliter (mcg/mL) (Mean)
	Cmin at Week 1	Cmin at Week 4	Cmin at Week 8
Maribavir 400 mg	8.77	7.59	7.19
Maribavir Rescue Arm	8.57	5.75	5.65

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	At Week 8	At Week 12	At Week 20
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	23.9	10.3	9.4
Maribavir 400 mg	55.7	22.6	18.3

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	At Week 8	At Week 12	At Week 16	At Week 20
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	18.8	5.1	5.1	4.3
Maribavir 400 mg	54.9	22.6	18.7	18.3

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	TEAEs	Serious TEAEs
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	106	43
Maribavir 400 mg	228	90
Maribavir Rescue Arm	22	11

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	RASs associated with pUL97 only	RASs associated with pUL27 only	RASs associated with pUL97 and pUL27
Investigator-assigned Anti-CMV Treatment (IAT)	0	0	0
Maribavir 400 mg	45	0	0
Maribavir Rescue Arm	4	0	0