Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:27:31

synthetic oral contraceptive

An oral contraceptive which owes its effectiveness to synthetic preparation.

ChEBI ID: 49326

Members (13)

MemberDefinitionClass
desogestreldesogestrel
dienogestA steroid hormone that is 17beta-hydroxy-3-oxoestra-4,9-diene substituted at position 17 by a cyanomethyl group. Used as an oral contraceptive.dienogest
ethynodiol diacetateethynodiol diacetate
gamendazoleA member of the class of indazoles that is 3-(indazol-3-yl}prop-2-enoic acid carrying additional 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 1 and 6 respectively. An orally active antispermatogenic compound with antifertility effects that is a potential male contraceptive drug.gamendazole
levonorgestrellevonorgestrel
medroxyprogesteroneA 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17 and a methyl group at position 6.medroxyprogesterone
medroxyprogesterone acetateAn acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the 17alpha-hydroxy group of medroxyprogesterone with the carboxy group of acetic acid. A widely used progestin in menopausal hormone therapy and in progestogen-only birth control.medroxyprogesterone acetate
megestrolA 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.megestrol
megestrol acetateA steroid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of megestrol with the carboxy group of acetic acid. It is an appetite stimulant used for the treatment of anorexia and cachexia. Also used for birth control and for the treatment of breast cancer.megestrol acetate
mifepristonemifepristone
norethindroneA 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.norethisterone
norethindrone acetateA 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.norethisterone acetate
norgestimatenorgestimate

Research

Studies (23,794)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-19906,595 (27.72)18.7374
1990's5,331 (22.40)18.2507
2000's5,737 (24.11)29.6817
2010's4,660 (19.58)24.3611
2020's1,471 (6.18)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials5,483 (18.44%)5.53%
Reviews2,542 (8.55%)6.00%
Case Studies1,577 (5.30%)4.05%
Observational158 (0.53%)0.25%
Other19,968 (67.17%)84.16%

Protein Targets (178)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.832511
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.623411
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.005011
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1Plasmodium falciparum 3D7Potency14.125411
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.054412153
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.132435
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.600827
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency0.006011
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.709927
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.280911
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.9629216
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency44.462026
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency37.081413
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency24.803312
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.782811
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency49.527524
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.121719
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.700814
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.848922
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.427428
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.6911111
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.310811
D(1A) dopamine receptorSus scrofa (pig)Potency11.668111
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency85.397312
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.527215
dopamine D1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.010311
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.534712110
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.000011
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.6304314
Estrogen receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.000011
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.63081082
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.339117
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.282844
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.4758414
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.577212
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency9.121719
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
GALC proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.259312
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.5484213
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.0795229
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.220211
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.000011
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.000811
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.0581538
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency33.815018
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.961813
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.375523
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency60.3634210
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.121719
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
hypothetical protein, conservedTrypanosoma bruceiPotency19.838423
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.435423
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.011424
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.092911
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.1217118
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.6682213
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency74.978011
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.199015
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.917311
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.015712
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.000011
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.561214
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency11.034412
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.3085329
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.128615
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.172317
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.785511
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.020825
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency8.574214
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency46.6740316
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency75.059412
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency43.953413
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency21.210614
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.1083515
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.0212517
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency79.432811
PINK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.953413
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency8.912511
polyproteinZika virusPotency18.577212
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.9445321
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency4.271913
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.4898328
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency25.7411226
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.003011
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.3981331
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.9202423
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.474522
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.6502214
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.6502214
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency32.358014
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.520912
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.8600225
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.380722
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.4193335
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.277849
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.005112
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency8.912511
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency8.912511
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency43.959315
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.098329
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.8795513
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency67.833412
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency33.815018

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.001411
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.197011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1Homo sapiens (human)IC501.800011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 Homo sapiens (human)IC504.040522
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3Homo sapiens (human)IC501.405922
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5026.460011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki12.082011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)IC504.290011
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.27332023
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.4361210
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.00611111
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.324917
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000014
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC5037.997548
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000014
Chain A, PROGESTERONE RECEPTORHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000811
Coagulation factor VIIHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000311
Cytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)IC501.400012
Cytochrome P450 2C8Homo sapiens (human)IC501.500022
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC507.450022
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC509.500022
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.700022
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC505.04891011
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki5.437045
Estrogen receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)IC502.650766
Estrogen receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.542033
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.24745358
Glucocorticoid receptorMus musculus (house mouse)IC500.002211
Glucocorticoid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.774069
Glucocorticoid receptorSus scrofa (pig)IC500.015322
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.02892631
Glucocorticoid receptor Canis lupus familiaris (dog)IC500.026422
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.189716
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.086216
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.189716
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.086216
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.189716
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.086216
Glycine receptor subunit betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.189716
Glycine receptor subunit betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.086216
Histamine H2 receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5027.920011
Histamine H2 receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki27.453011
Kappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5020.096011
Kappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki8.038011
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)IC502.28311316
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.830333
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)IC5083.061011
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC502.457011
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.997011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50105.375014
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC500.555011
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.32204750
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.00292122
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.007811
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Ovis aries (sheep)IC500.000311
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5026.280011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.047011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC504.537011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.411011
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.001611
Substance-P receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC500.001522
Thyroid hormone receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.250011
Thyroid hormone receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.250011
Tissue factorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000311
Tyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)IC5021.357011

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Adenosine receptor A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.009222
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.015812
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC500.010044
Androgen receptorMus musculus (house mouse)EC500.006122
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.001011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)Kd20.000011
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC505.462022
Estrogen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.000611
Estrogen receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)EC505.462022
Estrogen receptor betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.000611
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC500.489599
Glucocorticoid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.002511
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.015011
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)EC5010.000011
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC500.95282021
Progesterone receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.015811
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.000411
Sex hormone-binding globulinHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.297613
Tegument protein VP16Human alphaherpesvirus 1 strain 17EC500.000711

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
bioAMycobacterium tuberculosis UT205AC5011.010011
Glucocorticoid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Activity0.270011
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kapp32.000011
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kif0.002011
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)Kif0.010011
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Activity0.001311
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Kif0.011811