diuron profile

Diuron is a phenylurea herbicide, widely used to control weeds in various agricultural settings. It was first synthesized in the 1950s and its efficacy in preventing plant growth led to its widespread adoption. Diuron inhibits photosynthesis by blocking electron transport in photosystem II, ultimately leading to plant death. Its persistence in the environment and potential for groundwater contamination raise concerns. Diuron is the subject of ongoing research to understand its long-term effects on ecosystems and to develop alternatives with reduced environmental impact.'

Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	3120
CHEMBL ID	278489
CHEBI ID	116509
SCHEMBL ID	7279
MeSH ID	M0006629

Synonym
BRD-K75330923-001-02-6
urea, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-
urea, n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-n,n-dimethyl-
KBIO1_001464
DIVK1C_006520
3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea
dcmu 99
usaf p-7
3-(3,4-dicloro-fenyl)-1,1-dimetil-urea [italian]
diuron 4l
af 101
3-(3,4-dichloor-fenyl)-1,1-dimethylureum [dutch]
karmex d
herburon
seduron
diuron 900
ccris 1012
dirurol
usaf xr-42
unidron
farmco diuron
lucenit
dp hardener 95
n-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-n',n'-dimethylurea
drexel
durashield
dichlorfenidim [russian]
ai3-61438
sup'r flo
1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyluree [french]
1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethylurea
hsdb 382
preventol a 6
nsc 8950
direx 4l
caswell no. 410
epa pesticide chemical code 035505
brn 2215168
n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-n,n-dimethylurea
einecs 206-354-4
bioron
1,1-dimethyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
direx 80w
ansaron
diuron [ansi:bsi:iso]
cekiuron
anduron
ditox-800
aguron
diater
3-(3,4-dichlor-phenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-harnstoff [german]
diuron nortox
crisuron
n,n,-dimethyl-n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
urox d
SPECTRUM_001823
3-(3,1-dimethyl-harnstoff
vonduron
dynex
diuron
3-(3,1-dimetil-urea
hw 920
telvar diuron weed killer
karmex diuron herbicide
urea,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-
karmex
karamex
3-(3,1-dimethylurea
3-(3,1-dimethylureum
dichlorfenidim
di-on
marmer
1-(3,3-dimethylurea
330-54-1
dcmu
n-(3,n'-dimethylurea
1,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
dailon
karmex dw
nsc8950
wln: gr bg dmvn1 & 1
n'-(3,n-dimethylurea
nsc-8950
duran
urea,4-dichlorophenyl)-n,n-dimethyl-
herbatox
SPECTRUM5_001956
BSPBIO_002343
NCGC00094525-01
NCGC00094525-03
NCGC00094525-02
KBIO2_004893
KBIO2_007461
KBIOSS_002328
KBIOGR_001063
KBIO3_001843
KBIO2_002325
SPECPLUS_000424
SPECTRUM2_001229
SPECTRUM3_000822
SPECTRUM4_000662
SPBIO_001078
SPECTRUM330030
NCGC00094525-05
NCGC00094525-04
diuron, >=98%
STK077954
3-(3,4-dichlor-phenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-harnstoff
CHEBI:116509 ,
1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyluree
3-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-urea
CHEMBL278489
MLS002207110
smr000777941
FT-0667750
D1328
AKOS001303464
NCGC00094525-08
NCGC00094525-07
NCGC00094525-06
9i3sds92wy ,
unii-9i3sds92wy
n,n-dimethyl-n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
ec 206-354-4
3-(3,4-dichloor-fenyl)-1,1-dimethylureum
3-(3,4-dicloro-fenyl)-1,1-dimetil-urea
C18428
NCGC00254918-01
NCGC00258989-01
tox21_201438
tox21_301016
A821585
dtxsid0020446 ,
dtxcid00446
tox21_111292
cas-330-54-1
CCG-39151
FT-0603378
diuron [hsdb]
diuron [mi]
diuron [iso]
n-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-n,n-dimethylurea
SCHEMBL7279
tox21_111292_1
NCGC00094525-09
3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-urea
n,n-dimethyl-n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-urea
n-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-n',n'-dimethyl urea
w9m ,
karmex 80w
xarmex
karmex dl
3-(3,4-dichlorophenol)-1,1-dimethylurea
cambridge id 5104305
mfcd00018136
SR-01000195223-1
sr-01000195223
diuron, certified reference material, tracecert(r)
diuron, pestanal(r), analytical standard
bdbm50487027
diuron 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
diuron 10 microg/ml in acetonitrile
J-018992
desdimethyldiuron
Q425389
Z55293721
AS-15493
CS-0012874
F82055
HY-B0860
EN300-7409775

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diuron is a urea herbicide that is frequently detected in surface water, groundwater, and marine waters. "	( Combined Approach for Determining Diuron in Sugarcane and Soil: Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Carbon Nanotube-Mediated Purification, and Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detection. Chen, B; Wang, X, 2019)	2.24
"Diuron is an environmental component listed as a likely human carcinogen. "	( Diuron exposure and Akt overexpression promote glioma formation through DNA hypomethylation. Bougras-Cartron, G; Briand, J; Cartron, PF; Nadaradjane, A; Olivier, C; Vallette, FM, 2019)	3.4
"Diuron is a phenyl urea herbicide used to control weeds in agricultural lands. "	( Mechanism and kinetics of diuron oxidation by hydroxyl radical addition reaction. Manonmani, G; Sandhiya, L; Senthilkumar, K, 2020)	2.3
"Diuron is a herbicide used in agricultural and urban settings and also as an antifouling agent. "	( Impacts of Salinity and Temperature on the Thyroidogenic Effects of the Biocide Diuron in Menidia beryllina. Coffin, S; Diamante, G; Giroux, M; Moledo de Souza Abessa, D; Moreira, LB; Schlenk, D; Xu, EG, 2018)	2.15
"Diuron is an alternative biocide suggested to replace organotin in formulating antifouling paints to be applied on water-going vessels hull. "	( Isolation, characterization, and identification of potential Diuron-degrading bacteria from surface sediments of Port Klang, Malaysia. Hanapiah, M; Ismail, A; Mohamat-Yusuff, F; Mustafa, M; Zulkifli, SZ, 2018)	2.16
"Diuron is a broad-spectrum phenylurea derived herbicide which is commonly used across the globe. "	( Transplacental transfer and metabolism of diuron in human placenta. Auriola, S; Huovinen, M; Huuskonen, P; Karttunen, V; Mohammed, AM; Vähäkangas, K, 2018)	2.19
"Diuron is an herbicide, which is used to control a wide variety of annual and perennial broadleaf, grassy weeds, and mosses. "	( Toxicity of diuron in HepG2 cells and zebrafish embryos. Chen, SC; Eva, AW; Kao, CM; Lin, HD; Ou, WJ; Wang, TL, 2019)	2.34
"Diuron is a substituted phenylurea used as a herbicide to control broadleaf and grass weeds and as a biocidal antifouling agent. "	( Toxicity of diuron in human cancer cells. Huovinen, M; Loikkanen, J; Naarala, J; Vähäkangas, K, 2015)	2.24
"Diuron is a biologically active pollutant present in soil, water and sediments. "	( Bioremediation of diuron contaminated soils by a novel degrading microbial consortium. Merchán, F; Morillo, E; Rubio-Bellido, M; Villaverde, J, 2017)	2.23
"Diuron is a biologically active pollutant present in soil, water and sediments. "	( Environmental impact of diuron transformation: a review. Cochet, N; Giacomazzi, S, 2004)	2.07
"Diuron is a ureic herbicide considered to have very low toxicity. "	( Reproductive effects in male rats exposed to diuron. Arena, AC; Barbisan, LF; Fernandes, GS; Fernandez, CD; Kempinas, WG; Mercadante, A, 2007)	2.04
"Diuron is a substituted urea herbicide used for agricultural and nonagricultural weed control. "	( Impact of diuron on aneuploidy and hemocyte parameters in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Bonnard, M; Bouilly, K; Gagnaire, B; Lapègue, S; Renault, T, 2007)	2.18

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diuron has often been detected in freshwater ecosystems and it can be biodegraded into three main metabolites in the environment, the 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA), 3,4-dichlorophenylurea (DCPU) and 3,4-dichlorophenyl-N-methylurea (DCPMU)."	( Isolated and mixed effects of diuron and its metabolites on biotransformation enzymes and oxidative stress response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). de Almeida, EA; de Souza Ondei, L; Felício, AA; Freitas, JS; Scarin, JB; Schlenk, D; Teresa, FB, 2018)	1.49
"Diuron has the unfortunate combination of being strongly adsorbed by soil organic matter particles and, hence, slowly degraded in the environment due to its reduced bioavailability."	( Enhanced mineralization of diuron using a cyclodextrin-based bioremediation technology. Laiz, L; Morillo, E; Posada-Baquero, R; Rubio-Bellido, M; Saiz-Jimenez, C; Sanchez-Trujillo, MA; Villaverde, J, 2012)	1.4
"Diuron thus has been found to be hepatotoxic albeit neither tumour initiating nor promoting in rat liver tumorigenesis assay system."	( Hepato-toxic effect of diuron in albino rats. Agrawal, RC; Kumar, S, 1999)	1.34

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diuron treatment did not increase the incidence or multiplicity of mammary tumors (groups G2 to G4 versus Group G1)."	( Evaluation of carcinogenic potential of diuron in a rat mammary two-stage carcinogenesis model. Barbisan, LF; de Camargo, JL; Grassi, TF; Rodrigues, MA, 2011)	1.36
"Diuron-treated leaves exposed to 45 degrees C in which PSI received electrons not from PSII, but from soluble reductants localized in the chloroplast stroma were also used."	( Measurement of photochemical quenching of absorbed quanta in photosystem I of intact leaves using simultaneous measurements of absorbance changes at 830 nm and thermal dissipation. Bukhov, NG; Carpentier, R, 2003)	1.04

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The presence of any toxic chemical that interfered with the cells' metabolism resulted in a quantitative decrease in bioluminescence."	( Design and application of a biosensor for monitoring toxicity of compounds to eukaryotes. Glover, LA; Hollis, RP; Killham, K, 2000)	0.31
" Indeed, the pollutant may undergo transformation yielding compounds more toxic than the parent molecule."	( Biotransformation of phenylurea herbicides by a soil bacterial strain, Arthrobacter sp. N2: structure, ecotoxicity and fate of diuron metabolite with soil fungi. Aït-Aïssa, S; Bonnemoy, F; Cuer, A; Sancelme, M; Tixier, C; Truffaut, N; Veschambre, H; Widehem, P, 2002)	0.52
"Halogenated phenylurea herbicides are not very toxic by themselves to animals, but their exposure to UV light may significantly increase the toxicity of their solutions."	( Influence of UV irradiation on the toxicity of phenylurea herbicides using Microtox test. Bonnemoy, F; Boulkamh, A; Lavédrine, B, 2004)	0.32
"This study investigated the toxic effects of the insecticides lindane and chlorpyrifos, the herbicide diuron, the organometallic antifoulant tributyltin (TBT), and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the early life stages of Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata, Euechinoidea), Ciona intestinalis (Chordata, Ascidiacea), Maja squinado and Palaemon serratus (Arthropoda, Crustacea) in laboratory acute toxicity tests."	( Toxicity of organic compounds to marine invertebrate embryos and larvae: a comparison between the sea urchin embryogenesis bioassay and alternative test species. Beiras, R; Bellas, J; Fernández, N; Mariño-Balsa, JC, 2005)	0.54
"05) reductions in algal growth compared to the controls, although the 30-microg/L clopyralid or 10-microg/L glyphosate treatments did not exhibit any toxic effects."	( Toxicity of herbicides in highway runoff. Deanovic, L; Fong, S; Huang, X; Young, TM, 2005)	0.33
" These data show the different sensitivities of the two tests: embryos are more sensitive than sperms for both the tested chemicals and Diuron seems to be the less toxic one."	( Toxic effects of irgarol and diuron on sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus early development, fertilization, and offspring quality. Buono, S; Cremisini, C; Manzo, S, 2006)	0.83
" Alachlor exerted a toxic effect on the two nontarget cells used."	( Assessment of the potential toxicity of herbicides and their degradation products to nontarget cells using two microorganisms, the bacteria Vibrio fischeri and the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. Bohatier, J; Bonnemoy, F; Bonnet, JL; Dusser, M, 2007)	0.34
" Mixture toxicities were studied using the concentration addition model (isobolograms and toxic unit summation), and the mixture toxicity index (MTI)."	( Toxicity of four antifouling biocides and their mixtures on the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Aoyama, I; Koutsaftis, A, 2007)	0.34
"The toxic equivalency concept is a widely applied method to express the toxicity of complex mixtures of compounds that act via receptor-mediated mechanisms such as induction of the arylhydrocarbon or estrogen receptors."	( Toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQs) for baseline toxicity and specific modes of action as a tool to improve interpretation of ecotoxicity testing of environmental samples. Bramaz, N; Escher, BI; Mueller, JF; Quayle, P; Rutishauser, S; Vermeirssen, EL, 2008)	0.35
" The influence of toxic chemicals was tested with cadmium as a heavy metal and with atrazine, diuron, DNOC and paraquat as herbicides."	( Synchronous-scan fluorescence of algal cells for toxicity assessment of heavy metals and herbicides. Durrieu, C; Nguyen-Ngoc, H; Tran-Minh, C, 2009)	0.57
" The acute toxicity firstly decreases and then increases with the increase of irradiation time and the more toxic substances are produced."	( [Diuron degradation process and change of toxicity by gamma-irradiation]. Feng, JF; Jiang, LJ; Shen, RY; Ye, L; Zhang, JB; Zhao, YF; Zheng, Z, 2008)	1.26
" But, sometimes, relatively toxic organic metabolites are formed during the oxidation reaction."	( Study of the toxicity of diuron and its metabolites formed in aqueous medium during application of the electrochemical advanced oxidation process "electro-Fenton". Aaron, JJ; Couderchet, M; Oturan, MA; Oturan, N; Trajkovska, S, 2008)	0.65
" Adverse effects on PE were observed on days 2 and 5 after application."	( Phytotoxicity of atrazine, isoproturon, and diuron to submersed macrophytes in outdoor mesocosms. Hollender, J; Knauer, K; Knauert, S; Singer, H, 2010)	0.62
" Transformation products may (1) possess a similar mode of toxic action as the parent compound, (2) exhibit unexpected effects towards non-target organisms or (3) contribute to overall mixture toxicity through baseline toxicity even if the specific activity of the parent compound is lost."	( QSAR-analysis and mixture toxicity as diagnostic tools: Influence of degradation on the toxicity and mode of action of diuron in algae and daphnids. Escher, BI; Fenner, K; Neuwoehner, J; Zilberman, T, 2010)	0.57
" Applied individually, the parent compound was more toxic than its metabolites, with DCPMU being more toxic than 3,4-DCA which only inhibited photosynthesis at very high concentrations (EC25 at about 5 mg/l)."	( Evaluation of single and joint toxic effects of diuron and its main metabolites on natural phototrophic biofilms using a pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach. Lavieille, D; Lissalde, S; Margoum, C; Mazzella, N; Montuelle, B; Pesce, S; Roubeix, V, 2010)	0.62
" This implies that, if any more toxic transformation products than diuron were formed, their concentration was not sufficiently high to affect the mixture toxicity, which was dominated by the parent compound diuron."	( Evolution of algal toxicity during (photo)oxidative degradation of diuron. Canonica, S; Escher, B; Mestankova, H; Schirmer, K; von Gunten, U, 2011)	0.84
" Nonetheless, its toxic potential on the immune system needs a detailed assessment."	( Diuron exposure induces systemic and organ-specific toxicity following acute and sub-chronic exposure in male Wistar rats. Barbisan, LF; Domingues, A; Martins, PR; Spinardi-Barbisan, AL, 2011)	1.81
"This study investigated whether perinatal exposure to diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-1-dimethylurea] might exert adverse effects on rat lymphoid organs."	( Developmental exposure to diuron causes splenotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rat pups. Barbisan, LF; Domingues, A; Grassi, TF; Spinardi-Barbisan, AL, 2012)	0.93
"We demonstrate that a two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime imaging technology can rapidly and noninvasively assess the cadmium (Cd)-induced toxic effects in a marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii."	( Two-photon excitation chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime imaging: a rapid and noninvasive method for in vivo assessment of cadmium toxicity in a marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. Li, D; Qu, JY; Wang, WX; Wu, Y; Zeng, Y; Zheng, W, 2012)	0.38
" tauri gives it huge potential for screening many other toxic compounds."	( A new, sensitive marine microalgal recombinant biosensor using luminescence monitoring for toxicity testing of antifouling biocides. Bouget, FY; Joux, F; Leroy, F; Sanchez-Ferandin, S, 2013)	0.39
" The toxic effects of these CNT-micropollutant mixtures on aquatic organisms are poorly characterized."	( Diuron sorbed to carbon nanotubes exhibits enhanced toxicity to Chlorella vulgaris. Bucheli, TD; Camenzuli, L; Knauer, K; Magrez, A; Nowack, B; Schwab, F; Sigg, L, 2013)	1.83
" It was shown that microcalorimetry is not only a very effective tool for the determination of the growth rate constant but that it is also a valuable probe for a rapid detection of the metabolic perturbations and, in ultimate cases, of the critical alterations of the living system under the action of a toxic agent."	( Microcalorimetry: a powerful and original tool for tracking the toxicity of a xenobiotic on Tetrahymena pyriformis. Bohatier, J; Bonnet, JL; Bricheux, G; Morel, JP; Morel-Desrosiers, N, 2013)	0.39
" Diuron is carcinogenic in rat urinary bladder and toxic to the reproductive system of oysters, sea urchins and lizards."	( Toxicity of diuron in human cancer cells. Huovinen, M; Loikkanen, J; Naarala, J; Vähäkangas, K, 2015)	1.71
" Among them, diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a phenylurea herbicide frequently detected in oyster-producing area, known to be toxic for this important exploited non-target species."	( Comparative embryotoxicity and genotoxicity of the herbicide diuron and its metabolites in early life stages of Crassostrea gigas: Implication of reactive oxygen species production. Akcha, F; Behrens, D; Burgeot, T; Rouxel, J, 2016)	1.04
" For carbofuran, the active ingredient was more toxic than the commercial product, whereas for diuron, the commercial product appeared more toxic."	( Acute and chronic toxicity of diuron and carbofuran to the neotropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. Daam, MA; Diniz, LGR; Dornfeld, HC; Mansano, AS; Moreira, RA; Rocha, O; Seleghim, MHR; Vieira, EM, 2018)	0.99
" In fish, although the acutely lethal effects of diuron in early life stages appear to be >1mg/L, recent studies measuring sub-lethal behavioural and developmental endpoints suggest that diuron causes adverse effects at lower concentrations (i."	( Biological responses to phenylurea herbicides in fish and amphibians: New directions for characterizing mechanisms of toxicity. Marlatt, VL; Martyniuk, CJ, 2017)	0.71
" Here the adverse effects on the reproductive processes of the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis (ascidian) of different xenobiotics: lead, zinc, an organic tin compound and a phenylurea herbicide were evaluated."	( Toxicity of marine pollutants on the ascidian oocyte physiology: an electrophysiological approach. Gallo, A, 2018)	0.48
" Although data regarding the toxicity of commercial alternative biocides in marine organisms are accumulating, little is known about their toxic pathways or mechanisms."	( Overlapping and unique toxic effects of three alternative antifouling biocides (Diuron, Irgarol 1051 Hong, CP; Jung, JH; Kang, JH; Kim, M; Moon, YS, 2019)	0.74
"Heterogeneous photocatalytic reaction has been generally applied for degradation of toxic contaminants."	( Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of diuron on zinc oxide: Influence of surface-dependent adsorption on kinetics, degradation pathway, and toxicity of intermediates. Meephon, S; Pavarajarn, V; Praserthdam, S; Puttamat, S; Rungrotmongkol, T, 2019)	0.78
" A conventional fluorometer was employed to evaluate the acute (48 h) toxic effects of six antifouling biocides: 4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-isothiazolone (DCOIT), diuron, irgarol, medetomidine, tolylfluanid, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT)."	( Rapid toxicity assessment of six antifouling booster biocides using a microplate-based chlorophyll fluorescence in Undaria pinnatifida gametophytes. Choi, S; Depuydt, S; Han, T; Lee, H; Park, J, 2020)	0.76
" Adverse effects on photosynthetic capacities were recorded when algae were exposed to the entire POCIS extract (> 85% inhibition at the highest concentration tested)."	( Pesticide toxicity towards microalgae increases with environmental mixture complexity. Budzinski, H; Devier, MH; Gardia-Parège, C; Kim Tiam, S; Mazzella, N; Morin, S, 2022)	0.72
" Diuron, as one of the most widely used herbicides, is frequently monitored in the aquatic environment for its adverse effects on aquatic organisms."	( Individual and combined toxicity of microplastics and diuron differs between freshwater and marine diatoms. Hao, B; He, B; Wu, H; Zhang, S, 2022)	1.88
"The toxicity of diuron herbicide and its metabolites has been extensively investigated; however, their precise toxic mechanisms have yet to be fully appreciated."	( Toxic Effects Induced by Diuron and Its Metabolites in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aschner, M; Lima, TRR; Martins, AC; Pereira, LC, 2022)	1.37
" Toxic effects of antifouling compounds were observed at levels currently found in tropical coastal zones, representing a threat to planktonic and benthic invertebrates."	( Toxicity of antifouling biocides on planktonic and benthic neotropical species. Abessa, DMS; Castro, ÍB; Fillmann, G; Perina, FC; Pinho, GLL, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of runoff waters in an agricultural multipollution context through an in-depth assessment of copper bioavailability and toxicity."	( Assessment of copper bioavailability and toxicity in vineyard runoff waters by DPASV and algal bioassay. Andrieux, P; Casellas, C; Devez, A; Elbaz-Poulichet, F; Gilbin, R; Gomez, E; Persin, F, 2005)	0.33
"This study evaluated the bioavailability of diuron in soil as influenced by char arising from the burning of wheat straw."	( Bioavailability of diuron in soil containing wheat-straw-derived char. Huang, M; Sheng, G; Yang, Y, 2006)	0.92
", after storm events in urban areas, might result in a reduced bioavailability of many contaminants and thus greatly impact their potential toxicity."	( Reduced toxicity of diuron to the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in the presence of black carbon. Bucheli, TD; Knauer, K; Sobek, A, 2007)	0.66
" The present results have demonstrated the applicability of Fv/Fm parameter to access the early toxicity of bentazon, as well as other PSII-inhibition compounds, before significant changes occurred in the original concentration and bioavailability of these toxicants during longer exposure times."	( Effects of the herbicide bentazon on growth and photosystem II maximum quantum yield of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. Lombardi, AT; Macedo, RS; Omachi, CY; Rörig, LR, 2008)	0.35
" To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described."	( Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides. Akamatsu, M, 2011)	0.37
" Research was conducted to find procedures that might result in an increase in the bioavailability of diuron in contaminated soils, through solubility enhancement."	( Enhanced mineralization of diuron using a cyclodextrin-based bioremediation technology. Laiz, L; Morillo, E; Posada-Baquero, R; Rubio-Bellido, M; Saiz-Jimenez, C; Sanchez-Trujillo, MA; Villaverde, J, 2012)	0.89
"Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are strong sorbents for organic micropollutants, but changing environmental conditions may alter the distribution and bioavailability of the sorbed substances."	( Sorption kinetics and equilibrium of the herbicide diuron to carbon nanotubes or soot in absence and presence of algae. Bucheli, TD; Camenzuli, L; Knauer, K; Magrez, A; Nowack, B; Schwab, F; Sigg, L, 2014)	0.65
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Both this approach and more traditional dose-response measures of toxicity indicated that diuron was clearly the most toxic compound, followed by 2-(octyloxy) acetanilide and salicylanilide."	( The effects of three related amides on microecosystem stability. Flum, TF; Shannon, LJ, 1987)	0.49
" The proportion of haemoglobin in the form of methaemoglobin increased in the dosed group and resulted in a secondary anaemia with changes in the morphology of erythrocytes."	( Haemotoxic effect of phenylurea herbicides in rats: role of haemoglobin-adduct formation in splenic toxicity. Chu, CY; Hsu, JD; Wang, CJ; Wang, SW, 1993)	0.29
" Fenoxycarb, another juvenile hormone analog, showed a dose-response curve for mortality different from that of methoprene; at concentrations such as 3052 mg/kg no effect on adult survival was observed."	( Effects of insect growth regulators on the nontarget soil arthropod Folsomia candida (Collembola). Becker-van Slooten, K; Campiche, S; Ridreau, C; Tarradellas, J, 2006)	0.33
" Here we developed and applied a new protocol allowing dose-response assessment of four samples within 2 h (8 dilutions in duplicate)."	( Rapid exposure assessment of PSII herbicides in surface water using a novel chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging assay. Bengtson Nash, SM; Escher, BI; Mueller, JF; Muller, R; Quayle, P; Schreiber, U, 2008)	0.35
" Cyanobacterial strains showed gradual inhibition in growth with increasing dosage of herbicides."	( Response of multiple herbicide resistant strain of diazotrophic cyanobacterium, Anabaena variabilis, exposed to atrazine and DCMU. Datta, P; Singh, S; Tirkey, A, 2011)	0.37
" The herbicides atrazine, diuron, and isoproturon were dosed in the ratio of their relative potencies as HC30 for the single substance treatments and as 1/3 HC30 for the mixture treatment to obtain comparable effect concentrations."	( Sensitivity, variability, and recovery of functional and structural endpoints of an aquatic community exposed to herbicides. Hommen, U; Knauer, K, 2012)	0.68
" This study evaluated the dose-response profile of urothelial histological and ultrastructural lesions induced by diuron."	( Dose-response of diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] in the urothelial mucosa of Wistar rats. Cardoso, AP; da Rocha, MS; de Camargo, JL; de Oliveira, ML; Ihlaseh Catalano, SM; Nascimento E Pontes, MG, 2013)	0.94
" A positive dose-response effect was observed in both crosses, but statistically reduced spot frequencies were registered for the HB cross compared with the ST."	( Assessing genotoxicity of diuron on Drosophila melanogaster by the wing-spot test and the wing imaginal disk comet assay. Castañeda-Sortibrán, AN; Peraza-Vega, RI; Rodríguez-Arnaiz, R; Rojas, E; Valverde, M, 2017)	0.76
" Herbicide dose-response studies confirmed that the population with the Ser264-Gly mutation exhibited high-level resistance to atrazine, but super-sensitivity to bromoxynil."	( A novel psbA mutation (Phe274-Val) confers resistance to PSII herbicides in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum). Han, H; Lu, H; Owen, MJ; Powles, SB; Yu, Q, 2019)	0.51
" Different robotic dosing approaches and additional data evaluation methods helped to further expand the applicability domain of the assay."	( The Combined Algae Test for the Evaluation of Mixture Toxicity in Environmental Samples. Escher, BI; Glauch, L, 2020)	0.56

Role	Description
photosystem-II inhibitor	null
xenobiotic	A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means.
environmental contaminant	Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects.
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor	null
urea herbicide	Any herbicide composed of urea or substituted urea substructure.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
dichlorobenzene	Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.
3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups while the other is substituted by a phenyl group which carries two unspecified groups at positions 3 and 4 of the phenyl ring.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.7877	0.0032	45.4673	12,589.2998	AID2517; AID2572
endonuclease IV	Escherichia coli	Potency	0.2239	0.7079	12.4324	31.6228	AID2565
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	4.1095	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.2978	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743036; AID743053; AID743063
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.3091	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	60.9441	0.0004	17.9460	75.1148	AID1346795
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.0041	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	19.4938	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	68.3804	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224848; AID1224849
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	54.7509	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	61.9213	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID1259244; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	41.1688	0.0007	23.0674	1,258.9301	AID651777; AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	38.4531	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	27.3060	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743066
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	68.5896	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID651741; AID720636
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	76.7241	0.0015	57.7890	15,848.9004	AID1259244
Glutamate receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	31.6228	0.0141	8.6024	39.8107	AID2572
Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	54.1734	0.0015	51.7393	15,848.9004	AID1259244; AID2572
Glutamate receptor 3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	31.6228	0.0141	8.6024	39.8107	AID2572
Glutamate receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	31.6228	0.0141	8.6024	39.8107	AID2572
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Photosystem II protein D1	Spinacia oleracea (spinach)	IC50 (µMol)	1.0849	0.0650	0.4849	1.9000	AID1090208; AID1112004
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Glutamate receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347126	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347119	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347110	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for A673 cells)	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347109	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347116	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347122	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347129	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347115	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347117	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347111	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347112	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347128	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347113	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347121	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347118	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347125	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347114	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347127	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347123	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347124	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).	2014	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1090927	Inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in Spinacia oleracea (spinach) chloroplasts assessed as decrease in oxygen evolution measured after irradiated with 250 W halogen lamp by herbicidal assay in presence of electron acceptor 2,6-dichlorophenol-	2007	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Dec-20, Volume: 12, Issue:12	Substituted N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides, their synthesis and evaluation as herbicides and abiotic elicitors.
AID19262	Aqueous solubility	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11	Prediction of drug solubility from Monte Carlo simulations.
AID342564	Effect on photosystem 2 interaction site in spinach thylakoid membrane assessed as chlorophil-a fluorescence parameter at 10 uM	2008	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8	Sesquiterpenes from Celastrus vulcanicola as photosynthetic inhibitors.
AID1080348	Inhibition of photosynthesis in isolated Spinacia oleracea (spinach) chloroplasts assessed as reduction in light-driven ferricyanide reduction at 10 uM	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 56, Issue:7	Synthesis of photosynthesis-inhibiting nostoclide analogues.
AID334171	Inhibition of Photosystem 2 in spinach thylakoid membrane assessed as inhibition of photosynthetic oxygen evolution	2003	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1	PSII inhibitory activity of resorcinolic lipids from Sorghum bicolor.
AID348338	Antialagal activity against Chlorella vulgaris Beji assessed as reduction in chlorophyll content after 7 days	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 43, Issue:5	Synthesis and antimycobacterial evaluation of substituted pyrazinecarboxamides.
AID383185	Herbicidal activity in Spinacia oleracea assessed as inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport by decrease in oxygen evolution	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8	Investigating biological activity spectrum for novel quinoline analogues 2: hydroxyquinolinecarboxamides with photosynthesis-inhibiting activity.
AID1091958	Hydrophobicity, log P of the compound in octanol-water by shaking-flask method	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
AID537736	Antifungal activity against yeast AD1-8u expressing Candida albicans CaCdr1p by agar disk diffusion assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Analysis of physico-chemical properties of substrates of ABC and MFS multidrug transporters of pathogenic Candida albicans.
AID383186	Herbicidal activity against Chlorella vulgaris Beij assessed as decrease in chlorophyll content after 7 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8	Investigating biological activity spectrum for novel quinoline analogues 2: hydroxyquinolinecarboxamides with photosynthesis-inhibiting activity.
AID1090816	In vivo inhibition of photosynthetic activity in intact Auxenochlorella protothecoides ATCC 30411 cells assessed as light-driven oxygen evolution rate at 100 uM measured at 24 degC every 15 sec upto 8 min by polarographic analysis in presence of 0.001% Tr	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID377850	Inhibition of photosynthetic phosphorylation from water to methyl viologen in spinach leaves chloroplast	2000	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10	Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID293113	Inhibition of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplast	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 15, Issue:3	Investigating biological activity spectrum for novel quinoline analogues.
AID977599	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID290681	Inhibition of oxygen evolution rate in spinach chloroplasts	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of trisubstituted-1,3,5-triazines.
AID348337	Inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in Spinacia oleracea chloroplasts assessed as photoreduction of 2,6-dicholorophenol-indophenol measured by decrease in oxygen evolution rate	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 43, Issue:5	Synthesis and antimycobacterial evaluation of substituted pyrazinecarboxamides.
AID1090926	Antialgal activity in green algae Chlorella vulgaris assessed as reduction of chlorophyll content	2007	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Dec-20, Volume: 12, Issue:12	Substituted N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides, their synthesis and evaluation as herbicides and abiotic elicitors.
AID1090819	In vivo inhibition of photosynthetic activity in intact Auxenochlorella protothecoides ATCC 30411 cells assessed as light-driven oxygen evolution rate at 10 uM measured at 24 degC every 15 sec upto 8 min by polarographic analysis in absence of detergent (	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID1090818	In vivo inhibition of photosynthetic activity in intact Auxenochlorella protothecoides ATCC 30411 cells assessed as light-driven oxygen evolution rate at 100 uM measured at 24 degC every 15 sec upto 8 min by polarographic analysis in absence of detergent	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID779945	Inhibition of PS2 in spinach chloroplasts assessed as photoreduction of DCPIP incubated for 2 mins in dark condition prior to testing by spectrophotometry	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Antimycobacterial and herbicidal activity of ring-substituted 1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxanilides.
AID977602	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1091393	Increase in chlorophyll a fluorescence in freshly lysed Spinacia oleracea (spinach) leaves chloroplasts at 10 uM measured during first 2 min of illumination	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 56, Issue:16	Biflavonoids isolated from Selaginella lepidophylla inhibit photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts.
AID537734	Antifungal activity against yeast AD1-8u expressing Candida albicans CaMdr1p by agar disk diffusion assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Analysis of physico-chemical properties of substrates of ABC and MFS multidrug transporters of pathogenic Candida albicans.
AID1090208	Inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport at the PSII level in intact chloroplasts from Spinacia oleracea (spinach) leaves assessed as inhibition of in vitro activity by Hill reaction assay	2005	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, May-18, Volume: 53, Issue:10	Pyrazole derivatives as photosynthetic electron transport inhibitors: new leads and structure-activity relationship.
AID537735	Binding affinity to Candida albicans CaMdr1p expressed in yeast AD1-8u	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Analysis of physico-chemical properties of substrates of ABC and MFS multidrug transporters of pathogenic Candida albicans.
AID1090817	In vivo inhibition of photosynthetic activity in intact Auxenochlorella protothecoides ATCC 30411 cells assessed as light-driven oxygen evolution rate at 10 uM measured at 24 degC every 15 sec upto 8 min by polarographic analysis in presence of 0.001% Tri	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID1112004	Inhibition of photosystem II in Spinacia oleracea (spinach) chloroplasts assessed as reduction of photosynthetic electron transport	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 21, Issue:15	Photosynthesis-Inhibiting efficiency of 4-chloro-2-(chlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl alkylcarbamates.
AID1080349	Inhibition of photosynthesis in isolated Spinacia oleracea (spinach) chloroplasts assessed as reduction in light-driven ferricyanide reduction at 5 uM	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 56, Issue:7	Synthesis of photosynthesis-inhibiting nostoclide analogues.
AID1112003	Lipophilicity, log K of the compound	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 21, Issue:15	Photosynthesis-Inhibiting efficiency of 4-chloro-2-(chlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl alkylcarbamates.
AID290682	Antialgal activity against Chlorella vulgaris assessed as inhibition of chlorophyll production	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 17, Issue:12	Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of trisubstituted-1,3,5-triazines.
AID1090825	In vitro inhibition of basal rate of photosynthetic electron transport (Hill reaction) in active intact chloroplast thylakoid membrane of Spinacia oleracea (spinach) leaves assessed as light-driven ferricyanide reduction at 5 uM measured at 24 degC at 30	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID1090925	Lipophilicity, log P of the compound	2007	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Dec-20, Volume: 12, Issue:12	Substituted N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides, their synthesis and evaluation as herbicides and abiotic elicitors.
AID1090824	In vitro inhibition of basal rate of photosynthetic electron transport (Hill reaction) in active intact chloroplast thylakoid membrane of Spinacia oleracea (spinach) leaves assessed as light-driven ferricyanide reduction at 10 uM measured at 24 degC at 30	2007	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-17, Volume: 55, Issue:21	Synthesis of 3-(4-Bromobenzyl)-5-(aryl methylene)-5H-furan-2-ones and their activity as inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain.
AID293114	Inhibition of Chlorella vulgaris Beij assessed as reduction of chlorophyll content	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 15, Issue:3	Investigating biological activity spectrum for novel quinoline analogues.
AID537733	Binding affinity to Candida albicans CaCdr1p expressed in yeast AD1-8u	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Analysis of physico-chemical properties of substrates of ABC and MFS multidrug transporters of pathogenic Candida albicans.
AID1159550	Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening	2015	Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11	6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID1159537	qHTS screening for TAG (triacylglycerol) accumulators in algae	2017	Plant physiology, Aug, Volume: 174, Issue:4	Identification and Metabolite Profiling of Chemical Activators of Lipid Accumulation in Green Algae.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	491 (33.61)	18.7374
1990's	121 (8.28)	18.2507
2000's	355 (24.30)	29.6817
2010's	391 (26.76)	24.3611
2020's	103 (7.05)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	13 (0.85%)	6.00%
Case Studies	2 (0.13%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	1,506 (99.01%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
ethylene dichloride ethylene dichloride: RN given refers to 1,2-isomer; structure given in first source. 1,2-dichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes substituted by two chloro groups at positions 1 and 2.	2	1	chloroethanes	hepatotoxic agent; mutagen; non-polar solvent
2-keto-4-methylvalerate alpha-ketoisocaproic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid.. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid (valeric acid) substituted with a keto group at C-2 and a methyl group at C-4. A metabolite that has been found to accumulate in maple syrup urine disease.	2	1	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; branched-chain keto acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	2.47	2	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.	2	1	acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	2.66	3	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
adenine [no description available]	2	1	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	3.77	11	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	2.38	2	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzaldehyde [no description available]	2	1	benzaldehydes	EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; fragrance; odorant receptor agonist; plant metabolite
benzene [no description available]	2	1	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	2	1	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	2.03	1	halide anion; monoatomic bromine
carbamates [no description available]	3.48	8	amino-acid anion
carbamyl phosphate Carbamyl Phosphate: The monoanhydride of carbamic acid with PHOSPHORIC ACID. It is an important intermediate metabolite and is synthesized enzymatically by CARBAMYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA) and CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (GLUTAMINE-HYDROLYZING).	1.97	1	acyl monophosphate; one-carbon compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.	1.95	1	carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound	biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent
formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.	2.42	2	monocarboxylic acid	antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent
aminooxyacetic acid Aminooxyacetic Acid: A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.. (aminooxy)acetic acid : A member of the class of hydroxylamines that is acetic acid substituted at postion 2 by an aminooxy group. It is a compound which inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, resulting in increased levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.	2.17	1	amino acid; hydroxylamines; monocarboxylic acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
catechol [no description available]	2.07	1	catechols	allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	3.82	10	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
levoplast Levoplast: mixture of acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl)-, (R-(R,R))-, castor oil, celluloidin, collodion & tannins	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	3.59	9	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	2.38	2	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2.06	1	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	2.71	3	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.	1.94	1	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	algal metabolite
hippuric acid hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl.	2.15	1	N-acylglycine	human blood serum metabolite; uremic toxin
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	2.03	1	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
propionaldehyde propionaldehyde: may cause respiratory irritation; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. propanal : An aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. The parent of the class of propanals.	2	1	alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde; propanals	Escherichia coli metabolite
dibenzofuran Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.. dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.. dibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.	2	1	dibenzofurans; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	xenobiotic
cytosine [no description available]	2	1	aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alanine [no description available]	2	1	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion	fundamental metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.69	3	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
diacetyl butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.	2.03	1	alpha-diketone	Escherichia coli metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dihydroxyacetone phosphate Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate: An important intermediate in lipid biosynthesis and in glycolysis.. dihydroxyacetone phosphate : A member of the class of glycerone phosphates that consists of glycerone bearing a single phospho substituent.	1.95	1	glycerone phosphates; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	3.07	5	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	2.39	2	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	2	1	chlorocyclohexane
glycine [no description available]	4.4	20	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	2.65	3	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.	3.97	14	carbon oxoanion	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	4.13	16	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
hydroxylamine amino alcohol : An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group.	2.4	2	hydroxylamines	algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 1.1.3.13 (alcohol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; nucleophilic reagent
imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.	2.05	1	imidazole
indole [no description available]	2	1	indole; polycyclic heteroarene	Escherichia coli metabolite
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	2.35	2	diatomic iodine	nutrient
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	3.27	6	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
acetanilide acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2	1	acetamides; anilide	analgesic
naphthalene [no description available]	2.42	2	naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene	apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.4	2	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	9.32	19	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	8.1	5	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.	2	1	gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide	analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent
4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.1	1	4-nitrophenols	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
parathion [no description available]	1.95	1	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
pentachlorophenol PENTA: structure given in first source	2.93	4	aromatic fungicide; chlorophenol; organochlorine pesticide; pentachlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite
phenanthrene phenanthrene : A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composed of three fused benzene rings which takes its name from the two terms 'phenyl' and 'anthracene.'	2.74	3	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon; phenanthrenes	environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite
phenol [no description available]	2.71	3	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom.	2.08	1	phosphoric acids	algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.39	2	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	2.04	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'.	7.42	2	azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	1.95	1	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.	2.43	2	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	cofactor; fundamental metabolite
dimethyl sulfide dimethyl sulfide: structure. dimethyl sulfide : A methyl sulfide in which the sulfur atom is substituted by two methyl groups. It is produced naturally by some marine algae.. methyl sulfide : Any aliphatic sulfide in which at least one of the organyl groups attached to the sulfur is a methyl group.	2	1	aliphatic sulfide	algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; marine metabolite
thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.	2.04	1	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite
dithionite Dithionite: Dithionite. The dithionous acid ion and its salts.	3.74	11	sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion
sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).	3.65	10	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion
succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.	2.39	2	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.44	2	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
trimethylamine [no description available]	2	1	methylamines; tertiary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	2.69	3	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	9.15	17	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated.	2.15	1	xanthine	Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.	2.41	1	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
atrolactic acid atrolactic acid: see also 3-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.15	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid
1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases	1.95	1	phenanthroline	EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor
1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available]	2.17	1
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	1.95	1	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorines.	3.04	1	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; trichlorobenzene	defoliant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.	10.32	17	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene	agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	3.11	5	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-(n-heptyl)-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide 2-(n-heptyl)-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide: structure. 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide : An inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain at cytochrome bc1 and of photosynthetic electron flow immediately before cytochrome b559.	2.67	3	monohydroxyquinoline
amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	2.73	3	aromatic amine; triazoles	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide
phenytoin [no description available]	2.43	2	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
etofylline etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin)	2.15	1	oxopurine
oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.	2.05	1	monohydroxyquinoline	antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	2.06	1	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acephate acephate : A phosphoramide that is methamidophos in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by an acetyl group.	2.06	1	mixed diacylamine; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phosphoramide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.76	3	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	2.42	2	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetochlor acetochlor : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-phenylacetamide carrying an ethyl and a methyl group at positions 2 and 6 respectively on the benzene ring while one of the methyl hydrogens as well as the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom have been replaced by a chloro and an ethoxymethyl group respectively.	2.11	1	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
n-acetyltryptophan N-acetyltryptophan : An N-acetylamino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of tryptophan.	2.15	1	N-acetyl-amino acid; tryptophan derivative	metabolite
ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent.	2.15	1	acridines
alachlor alachlor : An aromatic amide that is N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide substituted by a methoxymethyl group at at the nitrogen atom while one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom.	3.54	8	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	2.06	1	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	2.48	2	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
theophylline [no description available]	2.43	2	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
9-anthroic acid 9-anthroic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; chloride channel blocker; do not confuse with c-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) which is frequently abbreviated as ANCA. 9-anthroic acid : An anthroic acid carrying the carboxy substituent at position 9.	2.02	1	anthroic acid
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	2.06	1	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	2	1	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	2.07	1	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	2.08	1	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
atrazine [no description available]	7.57	101	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
aztreonam Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.	2.21	1
barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).	2	1	barbiturates	drug allergen
bentazone bentazone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bentazone : A benzothiadiazine that is 1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide substituted by an isopropyl group at position 3.	3.16	5	benzothiadiazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
benzamide benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.	2	1	benzamides
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	2	1	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol : A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol substituted by tert-butyl groups at position 2 and 5.	2.15	1	hydroquinones
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2	1	biphenyls; imidazoles
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2	1	organic molecular entity
caffeine [no description available]	2.99	4	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	2.46	2	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	2.08	1	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbofuran Carbofuran: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.7	9	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nematicide
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.	4.96	39	hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; ionophore
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	2.67	3	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropham Chlorpropham: A carbamate that is used as an herbicide and as a plant growth regulator.. chlorpropham : A carbamate ester that is the isopropyl ester of 3-chlorophenylcarbamic acid.	1.95	1	benzenes; carbamate ester; monochlorobenzenes	herbicide; plant growth retardant
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	3.83	10	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	2.08	1	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	2.41	1	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clofibric acid Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate.	2.41	1	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite; PPARalpha agonist
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	2.06	1	clonidine; imidazoline
clotrimazole [no description available]	2.05	1	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.	2	1	cresol	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin
cx546 1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source	2.15	1
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	2.43	2	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	2	1	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazinon Diazinon: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an organothiophosphorus insecticide.. diazinon : A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine carrying an isopropyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 6 and a (diethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4.	4.8	9	organic thiophosphate; pyrimidines	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; nematicide; xenobiotic
dichlobanil 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile : A nitrile that is benzonitrile which is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 6. A cellulose synthesis inhibitor, it is used as a pre-emergent and early post-emergent herbicide.	2.47	2	dichlorobenzene; nitrile	agrochemical; cellulose synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	2.82	2	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene: An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.	2.43	2	chlorophenylethylene; monochlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite; persistent organic pollutant
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	3.09	5	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorvos Dichlorvos: An organophosphorus insecticide that inhibits ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.. dichlorvos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate.	8.17	1	alkenyl phosphate; dialkyl phosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organophosphate insecticide	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	2.08	1	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
dimethoate Dimethoate: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic and contact insecticide.. dimethoate : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-methylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group attached to the carbonyl moiety is replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group.	6.95	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	2.15	1	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	2.44	2	organic cation
disulfiram [no description available]	2.05	1	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
endosulfan Endosulfan: A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61). endosulfan : A cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.	4.07	4	cyclic sulfite ester; cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.94	4
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	2	1	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
ethion ethion: minor descriptor (73-82); online & Index Medicus search INSECTICIDES, ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATE (73-82). ethion : An organic thiophosphate that is S,S'-methanediyl bis[dihydrogen (phosphorodithioate)] in which all the hydroxy groups have been converted to their corresponding ethyl esters respectively. Ethion is an organophosphate insecticide with inhibitory activity towards the enzyme acetylcholinesterase ( EC 3.1.1.7).	2.31	1	organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide
ethoxzolamide Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.	2.01	1	aromatic ether; benzothiazoles; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.	3.66	10	aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound	ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore
fenbufen fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; biphenyls	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fenthion Fenthion: Potent cholinesterase inhibitor used as an insecticide and acaricide.. fenthion : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl group. It exhibits acaricidal and insecticidal activities.	2.06	1	organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
fipronil fipronil: has low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source. fipronil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fipronil.. 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole that is substituted at positions 1, 3, 4, and 5 by 2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, cyano, (trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl, and amino groups, respectively.	2.43	2	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; dichlorobenzene; nitrile; primary amino compound; pyrazoles; sulfoxide
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	2.72	3	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	2.05	1	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
fluphenazine [no description available]	2.05	1	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	2	1	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	2.06	1	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.	3.21	6	dialdehyde	cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative
glyphosate glyphosate: active cpd in herbicidal formulation Roundup; inhibits EC 2.5.1.19, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase; structure. glyphosate : A phosphonic acid resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the methyl group of methylphosphonic acid with the amino group of glycine. It is one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, and the only one to target the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS).	4.31	18	glycine derivative; phosphonic acid	agrochemical; EC 2.5.1.19 (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; herbicide
ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.	1.96	1	phenanthridines	fluorochrome; intercalator
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.06	1	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	7.97	4	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	2	1	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	2.43	2	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	2.43	2	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
indoprofen Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.	2	1	gamma-lactam; isoindoles; monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
iodoacetamide [no description available]	2.38	2
ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.	2.15	1	aromatic ether; isoflavones	bone density conservation agent
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	2.72	3	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	2	1	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
itraconazole [no description available]	2.05	1	piperazines
staurosporine aglycone staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor	2.01	1
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2.05	1	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	2.43	2	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	2.06	1	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	2	1	benzodiazepine
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	2.58	2	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	2.15	1	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methacrylic acid methacrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methacrylic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a methyl group.	2.21	1	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid
methomyl Methomyl: A carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.. methomyl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of methylcarbamic acid with the hydroxy group of 1-(methylsulfanyl)acetaldoxime.	2.06	1	aliphatic sulfide; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; nematicide; xenobiotic
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	2.17	1	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
nocodazole [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methyl parathion Methyl Parathion: The methyl homolog of parathion. An effective, but highly toxic, organothiophosphate insecticide and cholinesterase inhibitor.. parathion-methyl : A C-nitro compound that is 4-nitrophenol substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4.	7	1	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; genotoxin
metolachlor metolachlor: structure given in first source. metolachlor : A racemate that consists of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-metolachlor.. 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide : An organochlorine compound that is 2-chloroacetamide substituted by a (2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl) group at the nitrogen atom.	3.89	11	aromatic amide; benzenes; ether; organochlorine compound
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	2.06	1	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	1.95	1	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.05	1	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	2.05	1	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	2	1	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	2.43	2	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	2.05	1	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	2.06	1	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	2	1	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	2.06	1	aromatic ether
quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).	3.24	6	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-chlorophenol 4-chlorophenol: used as a root canal irrigant. 4-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol substituted at the pare position by a chlorine atom.	2.41	2	monochlorophenol
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	2	1	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	2	1	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2	1	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.	2.35	2	acyl fluoride	serine proteinase inhibitor
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	2.06	1	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	2.06	1	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.	2.15	1	N-arylpiperazine
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	3.56	9	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.06	1	acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.15	1	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	2	1	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	2	1	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
prometone prometone: structure. prometon : A methoxy-1,3,5-triazine that is 6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in which the one of the hydrogens of each amino group is substituted by an isopropyl group.	2.48	2	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methoxy-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
prometryne Prometryne: A triazine used as a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). prometryn : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-di(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a methylsulfanediyl group at position 6.	3.77	3	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
propanil Propanil: A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.. propanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of propanoic acid with the amino group of 3,4-dichloroaniline. It is a herbicide used for the treatment of numerous grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice, potatoes, and wheat.	3.12	5	anilide; dichlorobenzene	herbicide
propoxur Propoxur: A carbamate insecticide.. propoxur : A carbamate ester that is phenyl methylcarbamate substituted at position 2 by a propan-2-yloxy group.	2	1	aromatic ether; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	2.48	2	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	1.99	1	trihydroxybenzoic acid
protoporphyrin ix protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.	2.21	1
ranitidine [no description available]	2.06	1	aralkylamine
roxarsone Roxarsone: An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.. roxarsone : An organoarsonic acid where the organyl group is 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl.	2.08	1	2-nitrophenols; organoarsonic acid	agrochemical; animal growth promotant; antibacterial drug; coccidiostat
simazine Simazine: A triazine herbicide.. simazine : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.	5.35	18	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
sodium fluoride [no description available]	1.96	1	fluoride salt	mutagen
fluoroacetic acid fluoroacetic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd. fluoroacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by fluorine.	2.03	1	haloacetic acid; organofluorine compound	EC 4.2.1.3 (aconitate hydratase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.15	1	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.15	1	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	2.08	1	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.15	1	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.	2.17	1	isothiocyanate; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
tebuthiuron [no description available]	2.71	3	organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound
temefos Temefos: An organothiophosphate insecticide.. temephos : An organic sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which the hydrogen at the para position of each of the phenyl groups has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group.	2.06	1	organic sulfide; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; ectoparasiticide
testosterone [no description available]	2.15	1	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	2.02	1	quaternary ammonium ion
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	2.02	1	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	2	1	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiram Thiram: A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.. thiram : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.	2.05	1	organic disulfide	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
triclosan [no description available]	2.81	3	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trifluoperazine [no description available]	2.67	3	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.	2	1	organofluorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
trifluralin Trifluralin: A microtubule-disrupting pre-emergence herbicide.. trifluralin : A substituted aniline that is N,N-dipropylaniline substituted by a nitro groups at positions 2 and 6 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is an agrochemical used as a pre-emergence herbicide.	3.03	4	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; substituted aniline	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	2.54	2	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
urethane [no description available]	1.95	1	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist	2.1	1
zinc chloride zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions.	2.11	1	inorganic chloride; zinc molecular entity	astringent; disinfectant; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; Lewis acid
corticosterone [no description available]	2.43	2	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	2.06	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole 2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.15	1
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.17	1	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	3.59	9	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	2	1	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.	2.03	1	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.67	3	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.89	4	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide	carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	4.23	18	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.89	4	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	1.97	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	4.63	28	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	2.35	2	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	4.57	24	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
chlordan Chlordan: A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.41	1	cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	2.97	4	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	2.06	1	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	3.06	5	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	3.25	6	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	2.05	1	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	2.13	1	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	1.97	1	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	3.91	13	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.69	3	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
phlorhizin [no description available]	2.86	4	aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative	antioxidant; plant metabolite
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	2.36	2	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	2.41	1	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	2.68	3	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
aniline [no description available]	2.42	2	anilines; primary arylamine
dimethylnitrosamine Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.	2.97	4	nitrosamine	geroprotector; mutagen
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	2.37	2	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	2.05	1	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
etimizol Etimizol: A xanthine-related, putative nootropic drug.	2.15	1
yohimbine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	3.57	9	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	1.98	1	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
hexachloroethane [no description available]	2.02	1	chlorocarbon; chloroethanes	carcinogenic agent; refrigerant
dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2.37	2	formamides; volatile organic compound	geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	1.96	1	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	2.68	3	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
4-toluenesulfonamide 4-toluenesulfonamide: RN given refers to parent cpd. toluene-4-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide bearing a methyl group at position 4.	2	1	sulfonamide
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	2.69	3	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1,1,1-trichloroethane Trichloroethanes: Chlorinated ethanes which are used extensively as industrial solvents. They have been utilized in numerous home-use products including spot remover preparations and inhalant decongestant sprays. These compounds cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression and are hepatotoxic. Include 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-isomers.. 1,1,1-trichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes carrying three chloro substituents at position 1.	2	1	chloroethanes	polar solvent
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	1.96	1	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane: An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)	1.97	1	chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	xenobiotic metabolite
cordycepin [no description available]	2.42	2	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	2.69	3	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nifenalol nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	2.36	2	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
ethane Ethane: A two carbon alkane with the formula H3C-CH3.. ethane : An alkane comprising of two carbon atoms.	2.02	1	alkane; gas molecular entity	plant metabolite; refrigerant
acetylene [no description available]	3.46	8	alkyne; gas molecular entity; terminal acetylenic compound
vinyl chloride Vinyl Chloride: A gas that has been used as an aerosol propellant and is the starting material for polyvinyl resins. Toxicity studies have shown various adverse effects, particularly the occurrence of liver neoplasms.. chloroethene : A monohaloethene that is ethene in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a chloro group.	2.41	1	chloroethenes; gas molecular entity; monohaloethene	carcinogenic agent
ethylamine ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.	2	1	primary aliphatic amine	human metabolite
nitromethane nitromethane: structure. nitromethane : A primary nitroalkane that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replace by a nitro group. A polar solvent (b.p. 101 degreeC), it is an important starting material in organic synthesis. It is also used as a fuel for rockets and radio-controlled models.	2	1	primary nitroalkane; volatile organic compound	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; explosive; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
tert-butyl alcohol tert-Butyl Alcohol: An isomer of butanol that contains a tertiary butyl group that consists of three methyl groups, each separately attached to a central (tertiary) carbon.. tert-butanol : A tertiary alcohol alcohol that is isobutane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	2	1	tertiary alcohol	human xenobiotic metabolite
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	3.57	9	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
methylethyl ketone methylethyl ketone: solvent; colorless synthetic resins, smokeless powders; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes; may be toxic in high concentrations; structure. butanone : Any ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.. butan-2-one : A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2.	2	1	butanone; dialkyl ketone; methyl ketone; volatile organic compound	bacterial metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	2	1	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.	7.6	1	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid	metabolite
methyl acetate methyl acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of acetic acid with methanol. A low-boiling (57 degreeC) colourless, flammable liquid, it is used as a solvent for many resins and oils.	2	1	acetate ester; methyl ester; volatile organic compound	EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; fragrance; polar aprotic solvent
nitroethane nitroethane : A nitroalkane that is ethane substituted by a nitro group.	2	1	primary nitroalkane
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	8.23	5	bisphenol	endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen
bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone: structure and RN in first source. 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol : A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups.	2.15	1	bisphenol; sulfone	endocrine disruptor; metabolite
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	2.01	1	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
9,10-anthraquinone 9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.	2.01	1	anthraquinone
8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
diquat Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.	2.35	2	organic cation	defoliant; herbicide
pyocyanine Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	1.95	1	iminium betaine; phenazines	antibacterial agent; bacterial metabolite; biological pigment; virulence factor
fluorene [no description available]	2	1	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon
acetopyrrothine acetopyrrothine: structure. thiolutin : A dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic that is 4,5-dihydro[1,2]dithiolo[4,3-b]pyrrole in which the hydrogens at positions 4,5 and 6 have been replaced by methyl, oxo and acetamido groups, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of RNA polymerases, inhibits the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and also inhibits JAMM metalloproteases.	2.05	1	acetamides; dithiolopyrrolone antibiotic	angiogenesis inhibitor; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; chelator; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; marine metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor; toxin
salicylanilide salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.	2.15	1	benzanilide fungicide; salicylamides; salicylanilides
2,6-dichlorophenol 2,6-dichlorophenol: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. 2,6-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol with the chloro substituents at positions 2 and 6.	7.03	1	dichlorophenol
hexamethylbenzene hexamethylbenzene : A methylbenzene that is benzene in which all six hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.	2	1	methylbenzene
2,4,6-trichlorophenol [no description available]	2.03	1	trichlorophenol	carcinogenic agent
dinoseb dinoseb: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. dinoseb : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-dinoseb.. 2-(butan-2-yl)-4,6-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol that is 2,4-dinitrophenol substituted by a butan-2-yl group at position 2.	2.7	3	dinitrophenol
1-naphthol 1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.. hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups.	2.07	1	naphthol	genotoxin; human xenobiotic metabolite
2-phenylbutyric acid 2-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.	2.15	1	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone: structure in first source	2.15	1
quinoline [no description available]	2	1	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines
6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine: structure in first source	2.15	1
3,3'-diaminobenzidine 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine: A chemically and thermodynamically stable derivative of BENZIDINE.. 3,3'-diaminobenzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is benzidine in which one of the hydrogens ortho to each of the amino groups has been replaced by an amino group.	2.35	2	biphenyls; substituted aniline	histological dye
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	2.42	2	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
benzidine benzidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	2	1	biphenyls; substituted aniline	carcinogenic agent
quinaldic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides; methoxybenzenes
methyl benzoate methyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by condensation of benzoic acid and methanol.	2	1	benzoate ester; methyl ester	insect attractant; metabolite
mecoprop mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.	2.74	3	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes
salicylaldoxime [no description available]	1.95	1
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	3.3	6	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
benzotriazole benzotriazole: inhibitor of atmospheric metal corrosion; also component of motion picture film & Neva brake fluid. benzotriazole : The simplest member of the class of benzotriazoles that consists of a benzene nucleus fused to a 1H-1,2,3-triazole ring.	2.1	1	benzotriazoles	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
3,4-dichloroaniline 3,4-dichloroaniline : A dichloroaniline having the two chloro-substituents at the 3- and 4-positions.	4.13	15	dichloroaniline	epitope; xenobiotic
fast red b Fast Red B: structure in first source. fast red B : An organosulfonate salt composed from 2-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene-1-diazonium and 5-sulfonaphthalene-1-sulfonate in a 1:1 ratio. Used for demostrating enterochromaffin in carcinoid tumours.	2.15	1
benzotrifluoride alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene: structure in first source. (trifluoromethyl)benzene : A fluorohydrocarbon that is fluoroform in which the hydrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	2	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; fluorohydrocarbon	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
butylphen butylphen: irritant; structure. 4-tert-butylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted with a tert-butyl group at position 4.	2	1	phenols	allergen
acetophenone acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.	2	1	acetophenones	animal metabolite; photosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
nitrobenzene nitrobenzene : A nitroarene consisting of benzene carrying a single nitro substituent. An industrial chemical used widely in the production of aniline.	2	1	nitroarene; nitrobenzenes
trehalose alpha,alpha-trehalose : A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon.	2	1	trehalose	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sym-trinitrobenzene Trinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with three nitro groups in any position.. 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene : A trinitrobenzene in which each of the nitro groups is meta- to the other two.	3.11	5	trinitrobenzene	explosive
carvone carvone: an oxidized derivative of limonene; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; L-carvone has spearmint flavor, D-carvone has dill/caraway flavor. carvone : A p-menthane monoterpenoid that consists of cyclohex-2-enone having methyl and isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 5, respectively.	2	1	botanical anti-fungal agent; carvones	allergen
4-nitroaniline [no description available]	2.41	1	nitroaniline	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
benzonitrile benzonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a phenyl group.	2	1	benzenes; nitrile
anisole anisole : A monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group.	2	1	monomethoxybenzene	plant metabolite
dyrene dyrene: structure. anilazine : A member of the class of triazenes that is dichlorotriazene in which the hydrogen is replaced by an o-chloroanilino group. A fungicide formerly used to control leaf spots and downy mildew, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.	2	1	monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine pesticide; secondary amino compound; triazines	antifungal agrochemical
methylenebis(chloroaniline) Methylenebis(chloroaniline): Aromatic diamine used in the plastics industry as curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers. It causes bladder, liver, lung, and other neoplasms.. 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) : A chloroaniline that consists of two 2-chloroaniline units joined by a methylene bridge.	2.15	1	chloroaniline	metabolite
fenuron fenuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a phenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups. It is a herbicide used for the control of weeds in beetroot as well as various vegetable and ornamental crops.	3.09	5	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; photosystem-II inhibitor; xenobiotic
di-(4-aminophenyl)ether di-(4-aminophenyl)ether: structure	2.15	1	aromatic ether
diphenylguanidine diphenylguanidine: vulcanization accelerator; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,3-diphenylguanidine : Guanidine carrying a phenyl substituent on each of the two amino groups. It is used as an accelerator in the rubber industry.	2.15	1	guanidines	allergen
4-Anilino-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
4-chloroaniline 4-chloroaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloroaniline : A chloroaniline in which the chloro atom is para to the aniline amino group.	2	1	chloroaniline; monochlorobenzenes
4-phenylenediamine 4-phenylenediamine: agent hair dye responsible for contact dermatitis; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,4-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the amino functions are at positions 1 and 4 of the benzene nucleus.	2	1	phenylenediamine	allergen; dye; hapten; reagent
propionitrile propionitrile: structure. propionitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the carbon-carbon double bond has been reduced to a single bond.	2	1	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	polar aprotic solvent
allyl alcohol allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.	1.97	1	primary allylic alcohol; propenol	antibacterial agent; fungicide; herbicide; insecticide; plant metabolite
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	2.1	1	alkane
cyanuric acid cyanuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. isocyanuric acid : The keto tautomer of cyanuric acid.. cyanuric acid : The enol tautomer of isocyanuric acid.	2.03	1	1,3,5-triazinanes; 1,3,5-triazines; heteroaryl hydroxy compound	xenobiotic
bromobenzene [no description available]	2	1	bromoarene; bromobenzenes; volatile organic compound	hepatotoxic agent; mouse metabolite; non-polar solvent
chlorobenzene [no description available]	2	1	monochlorobenzenes	solvent
pentane Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms.	2	1	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; refrigerant
dimethoxymethane dimethoxymethane : An acetal that is the dimethyl acetal derivative of formaldehyde.	2	1	acetal; diether
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	2.38	2	pyrrole; secondary amine
tetrahydrofuran oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen.	2	1	cyclic ether; oxolanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; volatile organic compound	polar aprotic solvent
furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.	2	1	furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	2.65	3	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	2	1	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
cyclohexane Cyclohexane: C6H12. cyclohexane : An alicyclic hydrocarbon comprising a ring of six carbon atoms; the cyclic form of hexane, used as a raw material in the manufacture of nylon.	2	1	cycloalkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
cyclohexene cyclohexene : A cycloalkene that is cylohexane with a single double bond.	2	1	cycloalkene
morpholine [no description available]	2	1	morpholines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	NMR chemical shift reference compound
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	1.98	1	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.15	1	barbiturates	anticonvulsant
bromcresol purple Bromcresol Purple: An indicator and reagent. It has been used for several purposes including the determination of serum albumin concentrations. bromocresol purple : A member of the class of 2,1-benzoxathioles that is 2,1-benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl groups. A hydrophilic dye that is used as a pH indicator and to measure serum albumin concentrations.	1.95	1	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; organobromine compound; polyphenol; sultone	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
etryptamine etryptamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.15	1	indoles
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	2.44	2	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.	2.02	1	trinitrotoluene	explosive
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate: structure	2.47	2	ethyl ester; paraben	antifungal agent; antimicrobial food preservative; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
2,4-dichlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent+ cpd; structure. 2,4-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol that is phenol carrying chloro substituents at positions 2 and 4.	2.72	3	dichlorophenol
2,4-dinitrotoluene 2,4-dinitrotoluene : A dinitrotoluene in which the methyl group is ortho to one of the nitro groups and para to the other. It is the most common isomer of dinitrotoluene.	2.04	1	dinitrotoluene
sulfacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1
cyclonite cyclonite: explosive & convulsant; structure. 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane : An N-nitro compound that is 1,3,5-triazinane in which all three of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogens have been replaced by nitro groups. It is widely used in both industrial and military explosives.	2.04	1	1,3,5-triazinanes; N-nitro compound	explosive
3-nitrobenzoic acid 3-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	2.15	1	quinolines
2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.	2.91	4	naphthol	antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
2-aminobenzothiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	benzothiazoles
2,5-dimethyl-4-benzoquinone [no description available]	1.99	1
carzenide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic Acid: A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.)	2.15	1	NTA; tricarboxylic acid	carcinogenic agent; nephrotoxic agent
diphenylcarbazide Diphenylcarbazide: Used as an indicator in titrating iron and for the colorimetric determination of chromium and the detection of cadmium, mercury, magnesium, aldehydes, and emetine.	2.65	3	phenylhydrazines
monuron monuron: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search UREA/AA (72-74) & HERBICIDES (72-74) & HERBICIDES UREA (75-83); RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. monuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.	8.51	8	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.	2	1	acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound	EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi).	2.4	2	alkane; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent; plant metabolite
tetraphenylborate Tetraphenylborate: An anionic compound that is used as a reagent for determination of potassium, ammonium, rubidium, and cesium ions. It also uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and forms complexes with biological materials, and is used in biological assays.	2.44	2
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	2.03	1	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
n-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine N-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine: prodrug of 2-phenylethylamine	2.15	1
potassium cyanide [no description available]	4.02	14	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	1.95	1	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
triethylenediamine triethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triethylenediamine : An organic heterobicylic compound that is piperazine with an ethane-1,2-diyl group forming a bridge between N1 and N4. It is typically used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions.	1.96	1	bridged compound; diamine; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent; tertiary amino compound	antioxidant; catalyst; reagent
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	2.05	1	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2	1	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	3.76	10	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
cyclooctane [no description available]	2.15	1
triphenyltetrazolium chloride 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium as the counterion.	2.15	1	organic chloride salt	dye; indicator
methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE.	3.66	10	azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	2	1	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	1.94	1	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
2,7-diacetylaminofluorene 2,7-diacetylaminofluorene: has been found to induce leukemia in animals; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (80-82), FLUORENES (75-79)	2.15	1
paraoxon [no description available]	2.07	1	aryl dialkyl phosphate; organophosphate insecticide	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
bromacil bromacil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bromacil : A racemate consisting of equimolar concentrations of (R)- and (S)-bromacil.. 5-bromo-3-(butan-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione : A pyrimidone that is pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione substituted by a bromo group at position 5, a butan-2-yl group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 6.	3.69	10	organobromine compound; pyrimidone
linuron Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). linuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is N-methyl urea substituted by a methoxy group at position 1 and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 3.	5.87	31	dichlorobenzene; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
perfluorooctanoic acid perfluorooctanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. perfluorooctanoic acid : A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated octanoic acid.	2.49	2	fluoroalkanoic acid	carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; surfactant; xenobiotic
aminoimidazole carboxamide Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4.	2	1	aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide	mouse metabolite
phenylbenzoquinone phenylbenzoquinone: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1
silicon carbide silicon carbide: fibers used for reinforcement of porcelain crowns; a feldspathic body (gingival) porcelain; used to coat titanium hip prostheses	2.07	1	organosilicon compound
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	2	1	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
fluorobenzenes Fluorobenzenes: Derivatives of BENZENE that contain FLUORINE.. monofluorobenzene : The simplest member of the class of monofluorobenzenes that is benzene carrying a single fluoro substituent.. fluorobenzenes : Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group.	2.42	2	monofluorobenzenes	NMR chemical shift reference compound
chlorfenvinphos Chlorfenvinphos: An organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and an acaricide.	7.75	3	dichlorobenzene; organic phosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3.	2.48	2	calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound	antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent
funiculosin (anthraquinone) funiculosin (anthraquinone): see also a pyridone cpd called funiculosin; structure	2.38	2	trihydroxyanthraquinone
cdta CDTA: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.17	1	organooxygen compound
3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid: structure in first source	2.15	1	pyridinedicarboxylic acid
indophenol Indophenol: A deep blue dye (with the formula OC6H4NC6H4OH) used to detect AMMONIA in a common test called the Berthelot's reaction and to detect PARACETAMOL by spectrophotometry.. indophenol : A quinone imine obtained by formal condensation of one of the keto groups of benzoquinone with the amino group of 4-hydroxyaniline.	4.55	26	quinone imine	dye
orcinol orcinol: used as reagent for pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose & diastase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. orcinol : A 5-alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group is specified as methyl.	2	1	5-alkylresorcinol; dihydroxytoluene	Aspergillus metabolite
tetranitromethane [no description available]	1.98	1	organonitrogen compound
4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt	2.15	1	benzamides
tropic acid tropic acid: acid moiety of ester alkaloids hyoscyamine & scopolamine; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure. tropic acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a phenyl group, and one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group.	2.15	1	3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6.	2.05	1	dinitrophenol acaricide; hydroxytoluene; nitrotoluene	dinitrophenol insecticide; fungicide; herbicide
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide : A carbodiimide compound having a cyclohexyl substituent on both nitrogen atoms.	3.59	9	carbodiimide	ATP synthase inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; peptide coupling reagent
4-chloroacetanilide 4-chloroacetanilide : Acetamide substituted on nitrogen by a para-chlorophenyl group.	2	1	acetamides; monochlorobenzenes
1-chloropropane 1-chloropropane: structure in first source	2	1
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.8	3	dialdehyde	biomarker
8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid: used with iodine isotopes in radioisotope scanning; structure	2.15	1	hydroxyquinoline
2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone cresoquinone: no further information available 6/2003	2.41	1
neburon neburon: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6264	7.89	4	ureas
1-acetylisatin 1-acetylisatin: structure in first source	2.15	1	indoledione
2,3-dichlorophenol dichlorophenol : Any chlorophenol carrying chloro substituents.	2	1
diphenylamine Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.	1.95	1	aromatic amine; bridged diphenyl fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; antioxidant; carotogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
4-cumylphenol [no description available]	2.15	1	diarylmethane
2,6-dinitrotoluene 2,6-dinitrotoluene: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants for nitrogen moieties. 2,6-dinitrotoluene : A dinitrotoluene carrying nitro substituents at positions 2 and 6.	2.04	1	dinitrotoluene	genotoxin
5-methylisatin 5-methylisatin: structure in first source	2.15	1
2-hydrazinobenzothiazole [no description available]	2.15	1
methyl butyrate [no description available]	2	1	fatty acid ester
3,5-dichloroaniline [no description available]	2	1	dichloroaniline
Berberine chloride (TN) [no description available]	2.05	1	organic molecular entity
1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene : A methoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3 respectively.	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes	plant metabolite
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	3.22	6	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 have been replaced by chlorines. A highly toxic and carcinogenic disinfection by-product found in drinking water.	1.98	1	1,4-benzoquinones; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; poison
2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone 2-amino-5-chlorbenzophenone: structure given in first source	2.15	1
n-dichlorofluoromethylthio-n',n'-dimethyl-n-p-tolylsulfamide N-dichlorofluoromethylthio-N',N'-dimethyl-N-p-tolylsulfamide: an endocrine disruptor; structure given in first source. tolylfluanid : A member of the class of sulfamides that is dichlofluanid in which the hydrogen at the para position of the phenyl group is replaced by a methyl group. A fungicide first marketed in 1971 and used in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables, as well as in wood preservatives, it is no longer approved for use in the European Union.	2.05	1	organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; phenylsulfamide fungicide; sulfamides	antifungal agrochemical; genotoxin
eptc EPTC: minor descriptor (72-82); online & Index Medicus search HERBICIDES, CARBAMATE (72-82)	2.04	1	tertiary amine
ametryne ametryne: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search HERBICIDES, TRIAZINE (75-83) & HERBICIDES (72-74) & TRIAZINES (72-74); RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. ametryn : A methylthio-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-(methylsulfanyl)-1,3,5-triazine substituted by an ethylamino and an isopropylamino group at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	3.13	5	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide
vinblastine [no description available]	2.05	1
terbutryne terbutryn : A methylthio-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-(methylsulfanyl)-1,3,5-triazine substituted by a tert-butylamino and an ethylamino group at positions 2 and 4 respectively.	3.57	8	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
methidathion methidathion: widely used on citrus, tobacco, alfalfa, cotton, sorghum & several other crops	2.06	1	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
2,6-dichloroindophenol 2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.. 2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.. N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.	3.9	13	dichlorobenzene; quinone imine
diphenamid diphenamid: do not confuse with anti-inflammatory agent difenpiramide; structure	2.15	1	diarylmethane
4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine [no description available]	2.15	1
dichlofluanid dichlofluanid: structure. dichlofluanid : A member of the class of sulfamides that is sulfamide in which the hydrogens attached to one of the nitrogens are replaced by methyl groups, while those attached to the other nitrogen are replaced by a phenyl and a [dichloro(fluoro)methyl]sulfanediyl group. A fungicide introduced in 1965 and used in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables, as well as in wood preservatives, it is no longer approved for use in the European Union.	3.82	10	organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; phenylsulfamide fungicide; sulfamides	acaricide; antifungal agrochemical
benzyl viologen Benzyl Viologen: 1,1'-Bis(phenylmethyl)4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. Oxidation-reduction indicator.	1.95	1	bipyridines
5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid: has anti-tumor, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antifungal and anti-HIV activities; structure in first source	2.15	1
sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.04	1	alkali metal hydroxide
manganese dioxide [no description available]	2.15	1	manganese molecular entity; metal oxide
zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.	7.21	1	zinc molecular entity
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	2.03	1	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
2-acetylbenzofuran 2-acetylbenzofuran: structure in first source	2.15	1
ioxynil ioxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. ioxynil : A nitrile that is benzonitrile substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and iodo groups at positions 3 and 5.	2.7	3	iodophenol; nitrile	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
bromoxynil bromoxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile : A dibromobenzene that is 2,6-dibromophenol substituted by a cyano group at position 4.	3.12	5	dibromobenzene; hydroxynitrile; phenols	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
pyrazon pyrazon: structure; do not confuse with phenazone which is a synonym to antipyrine. chloridazon : A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 5, a chloro group at position 4 and a phenyl group at position 2.	2.15	1	benzenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; pyridazinone	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
clopyralid clopyralid : An organochlorine pesticide having a 3,6-dichlorinated picolinic acid structure.	2.02	1	organochlorine pesticide; pyridines	herbicide
monolinuron monolinuron: structure in first source	2.11	1	ureas
2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone: urinary metabolite of nitrazepam	2.15	1
(4-tert-Butyl-phenoxy)-acetic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	monocarboxylic acid
4-octylphenol 4-octylphenol: xenoestrogen. 4-octylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by an octyl group.	2.13	1	phenols	metabolite; surfactant; xenoestrogen
nitrofen nitrofen: structure	1.96	1	organic molecular entity	EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
2-ethylbenzimidazole [no description available]	1.96	1
ethyldimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide: Carbodiimide cross-linking reagent.	2.37	2
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile tetrachloroisophthalonitrile: structure. chlorothalonil : A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops.	3.5	7	aromatic fungicide; dinitrile; tetrachlorobenzene	antifungal agrochemical
paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.	5.14	46	organic cation	geroprotector; herbicide
nitrapyrin [no description available]	2	1	chloropyridine	agrochemical; antibacterial agent; nitrification inhibitor
orange g orange G : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 7-hydroxy-8-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]naphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid. It is often combined with other yellow dyes in alcoholic solution to stain erythrocytes in trichrome methods, and is used for demonstrating cells in the pancreas and pituitary.	2.1	1
siduron [no description available]	2.41	2	ureas
methionine sulfoximine methionine sulfoximine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is the sulfoximine derivative of methionine .	2.03	1	methionine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide
butylate butylate: RN in Chemline for carbamothioic-(14)C-labeled cpd: 61772-76-7	2.02	1	tertiary amine
2,6-dichlorobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides; dichlorobenzene	herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite
decachlorobiphenyl decachlorobiphenyl: structure. decachlorobiphenyl : A polychlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2	1	pentachlorobenzenes; polychlorobiphenyl
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	1.96	1	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
lenacil lenacil: Russian drug. herbicide : A substance used to destroy plant pests.. lenacil : A cyclopentapyrimidine that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione substituted by a cyclohexyl group at position 3.	2.47	2	cyclopentapyrimidine	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fluometuron fluometuron: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. fluometuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups. It is a herbicide used for the control of broadleaf weeds and annual grasses in cotton.	3.23	6	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; photosystem-II inhibitor; xenobiotic
molinate molinate : A member of the class of azepanes that is azepane in which the nitrogen is substituted by an (ethylsulfanyl)carbonyl group, -C(=O)SEt. A thiocarbamate herbicide not approved for use in the U.S. or European Union, it is used control grass weeds in rice paddies.	7.47	2	azepanes; monothiocarbamic ester	agrochemical; antispermatogenic agent; herbicide
fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.	2.01	1	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
3,4-dichlorophenylurea 3,4-dichlorophenylurea: structure in first source. diuron-desdimethyl : A member of the class of ureas that is urea substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 1. It is a metabolite of the herbicide diuron.	2.81	3	dichlorobenzene; phenylureas	marine xenobiotic metabolite
phenthoate, (+-)-isomer phenthoate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. phenthoate : An organic thiophosphate that is ethyl mandelate in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group.	2.06	1	ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
chlordesmethyldiazepam [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodiazepine
2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone 2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone: structure given in first source	2.15	1
2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole: structure in first source	2.15	1
metobromuron metobromuron: structure	2.41	2	ureas
4-phthalimidobutyric acid 4-phthalimidobutyric acid: teratogen; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
azabutyrone azabutyrone: Russian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.15	1
trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate: acrylate derivative found in ultraviolet curing inks; structure in 1st source	2.21	1	carbonyl compound
asulam asulam: wild oat herbicide used in prairie regions for control of wild oats in cereal grains such as wheat; RN given refers to parent cpd. asulam : A carbamate ester that is methyl carbamate substituted by a (4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl group at the nitrogen atom. A dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor, it is used (normally as the corresponding sodium salt, asulam-sodium) as a herbicide, mainly for killing bracken.	2.06	1	carbamate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline; sulfonamide	agrochemical; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.	2.37	2	thujene	plant metabolite
2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenol : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 2.	2.15	1	benzothiazoles; phenols	geroprotector
4,5-dichlorocatechol [no description available]	2.15	1
mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.	2.36	2	D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose	metabolite
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	3.48	8	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
ecdysone [no description available]	3.05	1	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; 6-oxo steroid; ecdysteroid	prohormone
n-butylbenzenesulfonamide N-butylbenzenesulfonamide: a neurotoxic plasticising agent. N-butylbenzenesulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by a butyl group at the nitrogen atom. It has been isolated from the plant Prunus africana and has been shown to exhibit antiandrogenic activity.	2.15	1	sulfonamide	neurotoxin; plant metabolite
3-phenoxybenzoic acid 3-phenoxybenzoic acid: metabolite associated with exposure to pyrethroid insecticides. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid : A phenoxybenzoic acid in which the phenoxy group is meta to the carboxy group. It is a metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides.	2.15	1	phenoxybenzoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
bpmc BPMC: structure. fenobucarb : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 2-sec-butylphenol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.06	1	carbamate ester	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; insecticide
salithion salithion: causes irreversible ataxia in chicken, mice & sheep; structure in Pesticide Index, 5th ed, p.202	2.06	1	organic thiophosphate
carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.	2.69	3	carbon oxoanion
butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine: A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has butyl and 4-hydroxybutyl substituents. In mice, it causes high-grade, invasive cancers in the urinary bladder, but not in any other tissues.	2.05	1	nitrosamine; primary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole 2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole: reaction product of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, well-known rubber vulcanization accelerator; structure in first source	2.15	1
carboxin Carboxin: A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. carboxin : An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts that is normally used as a seed treatment.	2.15	1	anilide fungicide; anilide; enamide; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; secondary carboxamide	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
chlorpyrifos-methyl chlorpyrifos-methyl : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	2.6	1	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
terbacil terbacil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.4	2	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
terbutylazine terbutylazine : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N-tert-butyl-N'-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.	3.14	5	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4-deethylatrazine desethylatrazine: a chlorotriazine herbicide; structure in first source. deethylatrazine : A chloro-1,3,5-triazine that is 6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a propan-2-yl group.	2.53	2	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	marine xenobiotic metabolite
meturin [no description available]	2.15	1
iridium Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.	1.95	1	cobalt group element atom; platinum group metal atom
manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.	4.4	22	elemental manganese; manganese group element atom	Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	8.91	13	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase.	3.97	14	chromium group element atom	micronutrient
osmium Osmium: A very hard, gray, toxic, and nearly infusible metal element, atomic number 76, atomic weight 190.2, symbol Os.	2.11	1	iron group element atom; platinum group metal atom
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.	7.08	1	metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
platinum Platinum: A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, with atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.084, symbol Pt. It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as alutiae.	7.51	2	elemental platinum; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	2.13	1	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.	3.31	6	titanium group element atom
tungsten Tungsten: A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus.	2.71	3	chromium group element atom	micronutrient
actinium Actinium: A trivalent radioactive element and the prototypical member of the actinide family. It has the atomic symbol Ac, and atomic number 89. Its principal isotope is 227 and it decays primarily by beta-emission.	1.95	1	actinoid atom; f-block element atom; scandium group element atom
argon Argon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used.	1.95	1	monoatomic argon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom	food packaging gas; neuroprotective agent
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	8.55	8	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	1.99	1	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	7.5	2	copper group element atom; elemental gold
vanadium Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs.	1.95	1	elemental vanadium; vanadium group element atom	micronutrient
mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.	2.01	1	mercury coordination entity	sensitiser
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.08	1	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
bromine Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.	2.64	3	diatomic bromine
potassium nitrate potassium nitrate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-HNO3; when combined with charcoal and sulfur it can form EXPLOSIVE AGENTS. potassium nitrate : The inorganic nitrate salt of potassium.	2.01	1	inorganic nitrate salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
sodium sulfate [no description available]	1.98	1	inorganic sodium salt
chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid.	2.35	2	chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion	oxidising agent
copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.	2.73	3	metal sulfate	emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser
tungstate [no description available]	2	1	divalent inorganic anion; tungsten oxoanion
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	2	1	dihydrogen
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	2.68	3	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
deuterium oxide Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes.	2.01	1	deuterated compound; water	NMR solvent
fluorosulfonic acid perfluorosulfonic acid: sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer–copolymer	2.15	1	sulfur oxoacid	NMR solvent
desmedipham desmedipham: structure. desmedipham : A carbamate ester that is phenylcarbamic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3-[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]phenyl group. It is an agrochemical used as a herbicide.	2	1	carbamate ester	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
phenmedipham phenmedipham: minor descriptor (72-84); on-line search CARBAMATES (72-84); Index Medicus search HERBICIDES, CARBAMATE (75-84), CARBAMATES (72-75). phenmedipham : A carbamate ester that is (3-methylphenyl)carbamic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]phenyl group.	2	1	carbamate ester	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	2.35	2
ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.	8.64	9	elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer
2-bromo-N-phenylbenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
carbendazim carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.	2.17	1	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug; metabolite; microtubule-destabilising agent
ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.	4.09	16	ammonium salt; inorganic chloride	ferroptosis inhibitor
chlorbromuron chlorbromuron: structure	2.05	1	ureas
4-chlorohippuric acid 4-chlorohippuric acid: metabolite of zomepirac; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.	3.33	6	titanium oxides	food colouring
2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamine 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)triethylamine: causes accumulation of lycopene at expense of other carotenoids in carotenogenic tissues; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1
4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4.	2.15	1	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	phenoxy herbicide
3,4,3',4'-tetrachloroazobenzene 3,4,3',4'-tetrachloroazobenzene: unwanted contaminant found in commercial synthesis of dichloroaniline or herbicides made from dichloroaniline; implicated in outbreak of acne in chemical workers; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1
menthone menthone : The trans-stereoisomer of p-menthan-3-one.. (-)-menthone : A menthone that is cyclohexanone substituted by a methyl and an isopropyl group at positions 5 and 2 respectively (the 2S,5R-stereoisomer).	2	1	menthone
thiamphenicol [no description available]	1.96	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
chlortoluron chlorotoluron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups while the other is substituted by a 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl group. A herbicide that is non-toxic to honeybees but moderately toxic to mammals, birds, earthworms and most aquatic organisms.	3.7	10	monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	1.97	1	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
ethephon (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid: structure in first source. (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid compound having a 2-chloroethyl substituent attached to the P-atom.	7.1	1	phosphonic acids	plant growth regulator
fluorides [no description available]	2.36	2	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
benomyl [no description available]	7.43	2	aromatic amide; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	acaricide; anthelminthic drug; antifungal agrochemical; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
oryzalin oryzalin: a dinitroaniline; preemergence herbicide; structure. oryzalin : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by nitro groups and at position 4 by a dipropylamino group.	2.94	4	aromatic amine; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	agrochemical; antimitotic; herbicide
oxadiazon oxadiazon: manufactured by the Societe Rhone-poulenc, France; structure	1.97	1	aromatic ether
geosmin geosmin: earthy smelling cpd from sediment in Lake Biwa; structure. (-)-geosmin : The (-)-stereoisomer of geosmin, having 4S,4aS,8aR configuration.	2.01	1	geosmin
methoxuron 3-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea: structure in first source. metoxuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups. It is a plant growth regulator and a pre- and post-emergence herbicide used for the control of grasses and broad-leaved weeds in carrots and cereals (e.g. wheat, barley and rye).	2.02	1	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; monochlorobenzenes; monomethoxybenzene	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; photosystem-II inhibitor; plant growth regulator; xenobiotic
2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine: structure in first source	2.15	1
iodine [no description available]	2.35	2	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	2.05	1	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
metribuzin metribuzin : A member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines that is 1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 4, tert-butyl group at position 6 and a methylsulfanyl group at position 3.	3.39	7	1,2,4-triazines; cyclic ketone; organic sulfide	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
3,4,3',4'-tetrachloroazoxybenzene 3,4,3',4'-tetrachloroazoxybenzene: unwanted contaminant found in commercial synthesis of dichloroaniline or herbicides made from dichloroaniline; implicated in outbreak of acne in chemical workers	1.96	1
2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole: structure given in first source	2.47	2
cyanazine cyanazine: structure. cyanazine : A chloro-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine substituted by an ethyl amino and a (2-cyanopropan-2-yl)amino group at positions 6 and 4 respectively.	2.06	1	1,3,5-triazinylamino nitrile; chloro-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fenitrothion Fenitrothion: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.. fenitrothion : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-phenyl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a nitro group at position 4.	3.48	7	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	3.57	9	benzenes; phenyl acetates
acetylacetone acetylacetone : A beta-diketone that is pentane in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by oxo groups.	2.17	1	beta-diketone
carbamide peroxide Carbamide Peroxide: A urea peroxide compound that is commonly used in tooth whitening agents; topical anti-infective agents, and earwax remover.. urea hydrogen peroxide : A mixture obtained by combining equimolar amounts of hydrogen peroxide and urea.	2.03	1	mixture	disinfectant; oxidising agent; reagent
dimethylacetamide hallucinogen : Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations and other alterations of mood and thinking.. N,N-dimethylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which the hydrogens attached to the N atom have been replaced by two methyl groups respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.	2	1	acetamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.	2	1	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant
butachlor butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.	2.52	2	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation	1.94	1
alkenes [no description available]	1.97	1
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	1.99	1	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.	3.06	5	pseudohalide anion	mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
2-bromoethanesulfonic acid 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a methanogenic inhibitor	2.06	1
tramadol Tramadol: A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.. tramadol : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-tramadol. A centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic, used (as the hydrochloride salt) to treat moderately severe pain. The (R,R)-enantiomer exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. Originally developed by Gruenenthal GmbH and launched in 1977, it was subsequently isolated from the root bark of the South African tree Nauclea latifolia.. (R,R)-tramadol : A 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol in which both stereocentres have R-configuration; the (R,R)-enantiomer of the racemic opioid analgesic tramadol, it exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer.	2.41	1	2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antitussive; capsaicin receptor antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; muscarinic antagonist; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
norflurazone norflurazone: structure. norflurazon : A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one which is substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by m-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, chloro, and methylamino groups, respectively. A pre-emergence herbicide used to control grasses and broad-leafed weeds in a variety of crops. Not approved for use within the European Union.	3.63	9	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; organochlorine compound; pyridazinone; secondary amino compound	agrochemical; carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; herbicide
benthiocarb Saturn: The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan.	2.06	1	monochlorobenzenes; monothiocarbamic ester
nigericin Nigericin: A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nigericin : A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus.	3.85	12	polycyclic ether	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide 2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide: structure	2.15	1
dibromothymoquinone Dibromothymoquinone: At low concentrations, this compound inhibits reduction of conventional hydrophilic electron acceptors, probably acting as a plastoquinone antagonist. At higher concentrations, it acts as an electron acceptor, intercepting electrons either before or at the site of its inhibitory activity.	10.28	53	1,4-benzoquinones	cytochrome-b6f complex inhibitor
moricizine hydrochloride moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride.	2.15	1	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
2-benzimidazolylguanidine 2-benzimidazolylguanidine: effects chloride efflux in tissue; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1	aminoimidazole
procymidone procymidone : An azabicycloalkane that is 1,5-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,4-dione in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A fungicide widely used in horticulture as a seed dressing, pre-harvest spray or post-harvest dip for the control of various diseases.	2.73	3
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	2.05	1	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide [no description available]	2.05	1	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
isoproturon isoproturon : A member of the class of phenylureas that is 1,1-dimethylurea substituted by a p-cumenyl group at position 3. A selective, systemic herbicide used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in cereals, its use within the EU has been banned after September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	4.75	29	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
diflubenzuron Diflubenzuron: An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.. diflubenzuron : A benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group.	2.15	1	benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes	insect sterilant
iprodione iprodione : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione in which the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by an N-(isopropyl)carboxamide group while that at position 3 is substituted by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A contact fungicide, it blocks the growth of the fungal mycelium and inhibits the germination of fungal spores. It is used on fruit and vegetable crops affected by various fungal diseases. It is also used as a nematicide.	2	1	benzenes; dichlorophenyl dicarboximide fungicide; imidazole fungicide; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	antifungal agrochemical; nematicide
pentafluorobenzoyl-n-phenylethylamine [no description available]	2.15	1
pendimethalin pendimethalin : A member of the class of substituted anilines that is N-(pentan-3-yl)aniline bearing two additional nitro substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as two methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4. A herbicide used to control most annual grasses and many annual broad-leaved weeds.	7.48	2	C-nitro compound; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	2.06	1
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.06	1	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
vinclozolin vinclozolin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-vinclozolin. A fungicide used mainly on oilseed rape, vines, fruit and vegetables to control Botrytis, Sclerotinia and Monilia spp.. 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione in which the imide hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group.	2	1	dicarboximide; dichlorobenzene; olefinic compound; oxazolidinone
hexazinone hexazinone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	4.01	13	1,3,5-triazines
dichlorfop-methyl dichlorfop-methyl: structure; herbicide for control of wild oat & foxtails in cereal crops. diclofop-methyl : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-diclofop-methyl. A proherbicide for diclofop, it is used for the control of wild oats and annual weeds in wheat, barley, rye and broad-leaved crops.. methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoate : A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid with methanol.	2.01	1	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; diether; methyl ester
thidiazuron [no description available]	7.52	2	ureas
phenthiazamine phenthiazamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	7.07	1	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
decamethrin decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.17	1	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organobromine compound	agrochemical; antifeedant; calcium channel agonist; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; pyrethroid ester insecticide
metalaxyl metalaxyl: RN given refers to (DL-Ala)-isomer. metalaxyl : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-metalaxyl. A systemic fungicide, it is active against phytopathogens of the order Peronosporales and is used to conrtrol Pythium in a number of vegetable crops.. methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate : An alanine derivative that is methyl alaninate in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a methoxyacetyl group, while the other is substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl group.	2.01	1	alanine derivative; aromatic amide; carboxamide; ether; methyl ester
fluridone [no description available]	7.07	1	phenylpyridine	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor
acifluorfen [no description available]	1.97	1	aromatic ether; benzoic acids; C-nitro compound; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
3-acetamidobenzoic acid N-acetyl-m-aminobenzoic acid: from Solanum laciniatum; structure in first source	2.15	1
metazachlor metazachlor: alpha-chloroacetamide herbicide. metazachlor : An organochlorine compound that is 2-chloroacetamide substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl and a (1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl) group at the nitrogen atom.	2.17	1	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazoles	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4,5-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid fluroxypyr : An aminopyridine that is pyridin-4-amine substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 5, a fluoro group at position 6 and a carboxymethoxy group at position 2.	2.6	1	aminopyridine; aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.	2.06	1	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
fenoxycarb fenoxycarb: used against mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae); structure given in first source. fenoxycarb : A carbamate ester that is the O-ethyl carbamate of 2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethylamine.	2	1	aromatic ether; carbamate ester	environmental contaminant; insecticide; juvenile hormone mimic; xenobiotic
sulfometuron methyl sulfometuron methyl: structure given in first source. sulfometuron methyl : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of 2-{[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]sulfamoyl}benzoic acid.	3.11	4	benzoate ester; N-sulfonylurea; pyrimidines	EC 2.2.1.6 (acetolactate synthase) inhibitor; herbicide
dazoxiben hydrochloride [no description available]	2.15	1
mono-n-butyltin [no description available]	2.05	1
benfuracarb benfuracarb: a procarbamate insecticide	2.06	1	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester; ethyl ester	agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
succinylsulfanilamide [no description available]	2.15	1
niguldipine [no description available]	2.05	1	diarylmethane
topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.	2.05	1	pyranoindolizinoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
sodium molybdate(vi) sodium molybdate(VI): RN given refers to molybdic acid, di-Na salt. sodium molybdate (anhydrous) : An inorganic sodium salt having molybdate as the counterion.	2.06	1	inorganic sodium salt	poison
potassium thiosulfate [no description available]	2.04	1
vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.	2.41	2	trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion	EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
florisil Florisil: hard, porous, granular substance used in vitamin analysis, chromatography, & antibiotic processing	2.05	1
3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate: RN & structure given in first source. 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate : A carbamate ester that is carbamic acid in which the nitrogen has been substituted by a butyl group and in which the hydrogen of the carboxy group is replaced by a 1-iodoprop-2-yn-3-yl group. A fungicide, it is used as a preservative and sapstain control chemical in wood products and as a preservative in adhesives, paints, latex paper coating, plastic, water-based inks, metal working fluids, textiles, and numerous consumer products.	2.02	1	acetylenic compound; carbamate ester; carbamate fungicide; organoiodine compound	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group.	2.49	2	6-aminopurines	cytokinin; plant metabolite
venlafaxine hydrochloride Venlafaxine Hydrochloride: A cyclohexanol and phenylethylamine derivative that functions as a SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI) and is used as an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT.	2.69	2	hydrochloride
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	3.7	10	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available]	2.15	1	hydrochloride	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
src-820 r [no description available]	2.15	1
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.13	1	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
n(4)-acetylsulfadiazine N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine: main metabolite of sulfadiazine. N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by an acetylamino group at position 4 and a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the drug sulfadiazine.	2.15	1	acetamides; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	marine xenobiotic metabolite
5-methylcytosine 5-Methylcytosine: A methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic DNA. In ANIMALS, the DNA METHYLATION of CYTOSINE to form 5-methylcytosine is found primarily in the palindromic sequence CpG. In PLANTS, the methylated sequence is CpNpGp, where N can be any base.. 5-methylcytosine : A pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position.	2.21	1	methylcytosine; pyrimidines	human metabolite
4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone 4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone: inhibitory agent for the differentiation of mammalian tuberculosis strains from other Mycobacteria	2.15	1
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	2	1	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclofenac fenclofenac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	aromatic ether
formetamide formetamide: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.15	1
isbufylline isbufylline: RN from Toxlit	2.15	1
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	3.89	13	phenanthroline
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	3.39	7	1,2,3-triazole
phenylacetylglycine phenylacetylglycine : A N-acylglycine that is glycine substituted on nitrogen with a phenylacetyl group.	2.15	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; N-acylglycine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
duroquinone tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone: structure in first source. duroquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by methyl groups.	2.38	2	1,4-benzoquinones
2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone [no description available]	2.15	1
N-benzoylanthranilic acid N-benzoylanthranilic acid : An amidobenzoic acid comprising benzoic acid having a benzamido group at the 2-position.	2.15	1	amidobenzoic acid
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	2.6	1	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
butinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	diarylmethane
n-(2-carboxyphenyl)glycine [no description available]	2.15	1
n,n-dimethyl-4-anisidine [no description available]	2.15	1
n-benzoylpiperidine [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides; N-acylpiperidine
2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid: RN given for (trans)-isomer; structure in first source	2.15	1
n-demethylantipyrine [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrazoles; ring assembly
3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine [no description available]	2.15	1	1,2,4-triazines
2-amino-5-bromopyridine [no description available]	2.15	1
n-benzoylalanine, (dl-ala)-isomer [no description available]	2.15	1	alanine derivative; N-acyl-amino acid	metabolite
bicinchoninic acid [no description available]	2.15	1
ethofenprox ethofenprox: synthetic pyrethroid for insecticidal efficacy against mosquito larvae & on non-target organisms. etofenprox : An aromatic ether that is the 3-phenoxybenzyl ether of 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol.	2.06	1	aromatic ether	pyrethroid ether insecticide
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	2.05	1	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
betamipron [no description available]	2.15	1	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
benzoylpropionic acid benzoylpropionic acid: structure in first source. 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid : A 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing oxo and phenyl substituents at position 4.	2.15	1	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid	hapten
nicosulfuron nicosulfuron: inhibits ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE; Accent is DuPont brand name. nicosulfuron : A N-sulfonylurea that is 2-(carbamoylsulfamoyl)-N,N-dimethylpyridine-3-carboxamide substituted by a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl group at the amino nitrogen.	7.44	2	N-sulfonylurea; pyridines; pyrimidines	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
Evoxine [no description available]	2.15	1	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: precursor of mutagenic nitroso cpd in soy sauce; structure given in first source	2.15	1	harmala alkaloid
isoxaben isoxaben : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid and the amino group of 3-(3-methylpentan-3-yl)-1,2-oxazol-5-amine.	2.02	1	benzamides; isoxazoles	cellulose synthesis inhibitor; herbicide
hexamethyldisilane [no description available]	2.11	1
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid : A perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid that is octane-1-sulfonic acid in which all seventeen of the hydrogens that are attached to carbons hvae been replaced by fluorines.	2.48	2	perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid	antilipemic drug; persistent organic pollutant
pentafluorobenzyl bromide pentafluorobenzyl bromide : A member of the class benzyl bromides that is benzyl bromide in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the phenyl ring are replaced by fluoro groups. It is a versatile derivatization agent in chromatography and mass spectrometry.	2.03	1	benzyl bromides; fluorobenzenes
N-Benzylphthalimide [no description available]	2.15	1	isoindoles
pyromellitic diimide pyromellitic diimide: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
4'-bromosalicylanilide 4'-bromosalicylanilide: photoproduct from UV-irradiation of tribromsalan; structure	2.15	1
2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane: methoxychlor metabolite	2.15	1	bisphenol
terephthalamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzenedicarboxamide
diaminodurene diaminodurene: structure	1.95	1
methyl orsellinate methyl orsellinate: orcinol derivative from the lichen Peltigera leucophlebia (Peltigeraceae); structure in first source	2	1	hydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
3(2h)-pyridazinone, 4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-phenyl- [no description available]	2.15	1
2-nitrophenylacetic acid (2-nitrophenyl)acetic acid : A member of the class of phenylacetic acids that is phenylacetic acid in which the phenyl grup is substituted at the ortho- position by a nitro group.	2.15	1	C-nitro compound; phenylacetic acids
onychine [no description available]	2.15	1
4'-methoxyflavone 4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source	2.15	1	ether; flavonoids
1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane: structure given in the first source	2.15	1
methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoate atraric acid: structure in first source; from the stem barks of Newbouldia laevis	2	1	4-hydroxybenzoate ester
2,2-diphenylpropionic acid 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide: structure	2.15	1
2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid: structure in first source	2.15	1
2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a 2-aminophenyl group at position 2.	2.15	1	benzimidazoles; primary arylamine; substituted aniline	geroprotector
N-Acetylhomoveratrylamine [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1
4-nitrophenyl dimethylcarbamate [no description available]	2.15	1
8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; can be used for fluorometric determination of zinc; structure given in first source	2.15	1	sulfonamide
5-methoxyindole-3-carbaldehyde [no description available]	2.15	1	indoles
isoxaflutole isoxaflutole: structure in first source. isoxaflutole : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazole substituted by a 2-(methanesulfonyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl group and a cyclopropyl group at positions 4 and 5, respectively. It is a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor which is used as a herbicide for weed control in maize and sugarcane.	7.05	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ketone; cyclopropanes; isoxazoles; sulfone	agrochemical; EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor; proherbicide
zwittergent 3-12 zwittergent 3-12: zwitterionic detergent. lauryl sulfobetaine : An ammonium betaine in which the ammonium nitrogen is substituted by dodecyl, 3-sulfatopropyl and two methyl groups.	2.05	1	ammonium betaine	detergent
2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolinemonocarboxylic acid
tebuconazole Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.	2.73	3	monochlorobenzenes; tertiary alcohol; triazoles
1,2-dibenzoyl-tert-butylhydrazine 1,2-dibenzoyl-tert-butylhydrazine: structure given in first source	2.06	1	bisacylhydrazine insecticide
6-methoxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-one [no description available]	2.15	1	beta-carbolines
coenzyme a [no description available]	2.35	2	adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate	coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
pd 147953 [no description available]	2.15	1
fenozan fenozan: do not confuse with the phenothiazine phenosan	2.15	1
5-phenylbarbituric acid 5-phenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.15	1
diethylpropion hydrochloride diethylpropion hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diethylpropion. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.	2.15	1	hydrochloride	appetite depressant
goethite [no description available]	7.6	1
irgarol 1051 irgarol 1051: a booster biocide; structure given in first source. irgarol 1051 : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine carrying a N-tert-butyl, N'-cyclopropyl and a methylsulfanyl group at position 6.	5.38	54	aryl sulfide; cyclopropanes; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	antifouling biocide; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
kathon 930 Kathon 930: cp was added to finishing agents in textile factories; caused contact dermatitis; structure given in first source. 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone : A 1,2-thiazole that is 1,2-thiazol-3(2H)-one substituted by chloro groups at positions 4 and 5 and an octyl group at position 2. It is used as a fungicide.	3.58	8	1,2-thiazoles; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; fungicide; xenobiotic
diflufenican diflufenican : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine-3-carboxamide substituted by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the carbamoyl nitrogen and a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 2.	2.02	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; pyridinecarboxamide	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
n-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5-methyl(1,2,4)-triazol(1,5-a)pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide [no description available]	2.06	1	sulfonamide
ac 263,222 imazapic: imidazolinone herbicide. imazapic : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-imazapic. It is a selective imidazolinone herbicide for pre- and post-emergent control of some annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds. It kills plants by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS).. 5-methyl-2-[4-methyl-5-oxo-4-(propan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is 5-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4,5-dihydro-imidazol-2-yl group, which in turn is substituted at positions 4, 4, and 5 by isopropyl, methyl, and oxo groups, respectively.	2.05	1	imidazolines; imidazolone; methylpyridines; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid
tebufenozide tebufenozide: structure given in first source. tebufenozide : A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by tert-butyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl and 4-ethylbenzoyl groups respectively. It is an insecticide used widely against caterpillars.	2.06	1	carbohydrazide	ecdysone agonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
chlorfenapyr chlorfenapyr: an experimental pour-on formulation, a new generation pyrethroid available to producers. chlorfenapyr : A member of the class of pyrroles that is 4-bromo-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile which is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by ethoxymethyl, p-chlorophenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. A proinsecticide used for termite control and crop protection against several insects and mite pests.	2.06	1	hemiaminal ether; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organofluorine acaricide; organofluorine insecticide; pyrroles	proacaricide; proinsecticide
1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol: chloramphenicol minus dichloroacetamide side chain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.15	1
beta-hydroxyphenylalanine beta-hydroxyphenylalanine: RN given refers to beta cpd	2.15	1
3-(n-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole 3-(N-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole: synthetic chelating agent used chiefly to inhibit corrosion of copper	2.15	1
7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline: structure given in first source	2.15	1	aminoquinoline
acridine-9-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1
1-phenazinecarboxylic acid 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid: from Streptomyces cinnamonensis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. phenazine-1-carboxylic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that is phenazine substituted at C-1 with a carboxy group.	2.15	1	aromatic carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; phenazines	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
4,5-diphenyl-1,5-dihydroimidazol-2-one [no description available]	2.15	1	stilbenoid
2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone: structure given in first source	2.15	1
4-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid 4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid: degradation product of tetracaine. 4-(butylamino)benzoic acid : 4-Aminobenzoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a butyl group.	2.15	1	aromatic amino acid
fluoren-9-ol [no description available]	2.15	1
1-(2-carboxyethyl)uracil [no description available]	2.15	1
1-benzylindole 1-benzylindole: structure	2.15	1
2,3-bis(2-pyridinyl)quinoxaline [no description available]	2.15	1	quinoxaline derivative
3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls formed formally by chlorination of biphenyl-4,4'-diol at C-3, -3', -5 and -5'.	2.15	1	dichlorobenzene; hydroxybiphenyls
5-nitro-2-(1-piperidinyl)pyridine [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine 2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine: structure in first source	2.15	1
5-benzyloxytryptophan [no description available]	2.15	1
2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline 2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline: structure in first source	2.15	1
3-hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindole [no description available]	2.15	1
carbobenzoxyphenylalanine, (dl-phe)-isomer [no description available]	2.15	1
hydrogen sulfite [no description available]	2.03	1	sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
diacetyldichlorofluorescein diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein	2.02	1
methoxyfenozide methoxyfenozide: structure in first source. methoxyfenozide : A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by 3-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl, and tert-butyl groups respectively.	2.06	1	carbohydrazide; monomethoxybenzene	environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).	2.01	1
procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.	2.41	1	proanthocyanidin
gamma-fagarine gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source	2.15	1	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
rh-0345 N-4-chlorobenzoyl-N'-benzoyl-N'-tert-butylhydrazine: structure in first source	2.06	1	bisacylhydrazine insecticide; monochlorobenzenes
fe(ii)-edta Fe(II)-EDTA: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	iron coordination entity
thiacloprid thiacloprid: structure in first source. (Z)-thiacloprid : The (Z)-stereoisomer of thiacloprid.. thiacloprid : A nitrile that is cyanamide in which the hydrogens are replaced by a 1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene group which in turn is substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl group at the ring nitrogen.	2.02	1	monochloropyridine; nitrile; thiazolidines	environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; xenobiotic
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	2.49	2	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine 3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine: formed in aqueous solution by aspartame; structure given in first source	2.15	1	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide: structure given in first source	2.15	1
protoporphyrinogen [no description available]	2.21	1	porphyrinogens	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
emoxypine succinate emoxypine succinate: has antihypoxic effects	2.15	1
n-carbamyltryptophan N-carbamyltryptophan: RN given refers to (D)-isomer	2.15	1
2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone: structure in first source	2.15	1
peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).	2.04	1	nitrogen oxoacid
fullerene c60 Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms.	2.21	1	fullerene	geroprotector
gefitinib [no description available]	2.05	1	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
(3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline (3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline: potent agonist at dopamine receptors mediating neuronal inhibition; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in UD indicates phenyl-imino group	2.02	1
methotrexate [no description available]	2.05	1	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1h-pyrazole 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole: structure given in first source	2.15	1
4-methyoxybenzoyl-n-glycine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acylglycine
5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole 5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole: has activating effect on peritoneal macrophages; RN given does not give position for ethoxy group	2.15	1
2-iodo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-2',4,4'-trinitrodiphenyl ether 2-iodo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-2',4,4'-trinitrodiphenyl ether: inhibitor of plastoquinol-plastocyanin oxidoreductase complex	3.11	5
5(6)-1(2h)-phthalazinonyl-4(1h)-benzimidazole-2-carbamate methyl ester [no description available]	2.15	1
xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source	1.98	1	D-xylose
gyrophoric acid gyrophoric acid: a tridepside isolated from Parmelia nepalensis	2	1	carbonyl compound
duroquinol durohydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol carrying four methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 5 and 6.	1.95	1	hydroquinones; methylbenzene	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; volatile oil component
n-phenyliminodiacetic acid [no description available]	2.15	1
teomorfolin teomorfolin: structure given in first source	2.15	1
1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(1-piperidinyl)-1-propanone [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodioxoles
n-(aminocarbonyl)-2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1
3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinepropionic acid [no description available]	2.15	1
8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source	2.15	1
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	2.43	2	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	8.47	7	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
camphora camphora: a component of Guanxingao, a kind of traditional Chinese rubber electuary medicine which is able to either cure or guard against coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. (R)-camphor : The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.	2	1	camphor
singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.	2.73	3	chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
fenton's reagent Fenton's reagent: used for oxidizing sugars & alcohols	9.06	14
carbodiimides Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted.	2.86	4	carbodiimide
n(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine N(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine: main urinary metabolite of sulfamonomethoxine in pigs	2.15	1
silicomolybdate [no description available]	3.05	5
8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source	2.15	1
methindione methindione: used in treatment of epilepsy; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.15	1
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	2.37	2	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone 3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone: structure in first source	2.15	1
gamma-propanol [no description available]	2.15	1
terics terics: medicated blocks used for control of cattle bloat; RN given is for teric N; nonylphenol ethoxylate is resistant to environmental breakdown so EPA discourages use	2.02	1
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	3.45	2	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	2	1
lignin Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.	2.75	3
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	2.03	1	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
cyhalofop-butyl cyhalofop-butyl: structure in first source	2.07	1	aromatic ether
2-[(3-oxo-1-cyclohexenyl)amino]benzonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	benzenes; nitrile
isonicotinylamide gaba [no description available]	2.15	1
5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.15	1
4-iodo-n-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide 4-iodo-N-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide: the iodinated analog of moclobemide; structure given in first source	2.15	1
3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole: structure in first source	2.15	1	indoles
n-(4-aminophenylsulfonyl)morpholine compound 82 208: structure given in first source	2.15	1
1H-indol-3-yl-(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acylindole
prizes acetamiprid: structure in first source. (E)-acetamiprid : The (E)-stereoisomer of acetamiprid.. acetamiprid : A carboxamidine that is acetamidine in which the amino hydrogens are substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl and a methyl group while the hydrogen attached to the imino nitrogen is replaced by a cyano group.	2.17	1	carboxamidine; monochloropyridine; nitrile	environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; xenobiotic
2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure in first source	2.15	1
N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide : A member of the class of acetamides resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 1-phenylethylamine with 1 mol eq. of acetic acid.	2.15	1	acetamides; secondary carboxamide
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	1.95	1	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol: activates caspase-3	2.15	1	pyridines
ml 204 ML 204: modulates both TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels; structure in first source	2.15	1
eudesmin eudesmin: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source; very similar to pinoresinol	2.15	1
2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine [no description available]	2.15	1
anisomycin Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.	2.05	1	monohydroxypyrrolidine; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; protein synthesis inhibitor
4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline: Anticonvulsant	2.15	1
fusicoccin fusicoccin: phytotoxic glycoside from Fusicoccum amydali; structure	2	1
n-acetylhistidine [no description available]	2.15	1	histidine derivative; N-acetyl-amino acid
1-(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
4-methoxyxanthone 4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source	2.15	1
N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenoxyacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
1-phenylindolin-2-one 1-phenylindolin-2-one: structure in first source	2.15	1
1-(benzenesulfonyl)indole [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
2,4,4,6-Tetramethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	dihydropyridine
pifithrin mu 2-phenylacetylenesulfonamide: induces p53-independent apoptotic killing of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells; also inhibits Hsp70 and autophagy	2.15	1	benzenes
2-benzyloxybenzaldehyde [no description available]	2.15	1
2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline: structure given in first source	2.15	1
N-phenylcarbamic acid 2-phenoxyethyl ester [no description available]	2.15	1	carbamate ester
graveoline graveoline: structure in first source	2.17	1	quinolines
tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine: structure in first source	2.05	1
3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-3-ol [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
tryptoquivaline fumitremorgin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a mycotoxic indole alkaloid produced by several fungi. A potent and specific inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter.	2.05	1	aromatic ether; indole alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor; mycotoxin
mequindox Mequindox: a synthetic quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivative which can effectively improve growth and feed efficiency in animals; structure in first source	2.15	1
N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	diarylmethane
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	2.01	1	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	2.35	2
hexacyanoferrate iii hexacyanoferrate III: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.38	7
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	1.95	1	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	2.05	1	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
(+)-limonene (4R)-limonene : An optically active form of limonene having (4R)-configuration.	2	1	limonene	plant metabolite
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	2.05	1	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	3.47	2	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	2.08	1	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
Girgensonine [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrile
Dubinidine [no description available]	2.15	1	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	3.14	5	cyclodextrin
cyanoginosin lr cyanoginosin LR: cyclic heptapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. microcystin-LR : A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl,L-arginyl, 2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle. Produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, it is the most studied of the microcystins.	2.08	1	microcystin	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	2	1	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	2.05	1	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
stigmatellin stigmatellin: isolated from myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca; structure in first source. stigmatellin A : A member of the class of chromones that is isolated from Stigmatella aurantiaca Sg a15.	2.4	2	aromatic ether; chromones; olefinic compound; phenols	bacterial metabolite; quinol oxidation site inhibitor
violaxanthin violaxanthin: a carotene epoxide that is precursor to capsanthin; one of 3 xanthophylls involved in evolution of plastids of green plants (oxygen evolution); 3 (violaxanthin, zeaxanthin & antheraxanthin) participate in series of photo-induced interconversions known as ''violaxanthin cycle''; structure; cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoids (violaxanthin) to xanthoxin, catalyzed by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, is the key regulatory step of ABSCISIC ACID biosynthesis. violaxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-beta,beta-carotene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 3'. It is the naturally occurring xanthophyll pigment found in a variety of plants.. all-trans-violaxanthin : The all-trans-stereoisomer of violaxanthin.	2.42	2	violaxanthin	food colouring
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	2.41	2	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	2.67	3	actinomycin	mutagen
N-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.	2.03	1	carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
4-(2-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinyl)aniline [no description available]	2.15	1	1,3-oxazoles
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	1.95	1	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
2-[(4-nitrophenyl)methylthio]-1,3-benzoxazole [no description available]	2.15	1	benzoxazole
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	2.43	2	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.	1.98	1	organic sodium salt	NMR chemical shift reference compound
ammonium acetate ammonium acetate : An ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid. A deliquescent white crystalline solid, it has a relatively low melting point (114degreeC) for a salt. Used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU.	1.96	1	acetate salt; ammonium salt	buffer; food acidity regulator
3-oxido-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-f]cinnolin-3-ium [no description available]	2.15	1	pyridazines
3-(2,4-difluoroanilino)-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enone [no description available]	2.15	1	substituted aniline
1-phenyl-4-pyrazolol [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrazoles; ring assembly
3-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1-dioxide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzothiazoles
3-benzamido-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzofurans
N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
N-[2-(3-methylphenoxy)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
2-(1H-indol-3-ylthio)acetic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	indoles
Methyl Haematommate [no description available]	2	1	4-hydroxybenzoate ester
3-bromo-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
3-Methylbenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzofurans
5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available]	2.15	1	tetrazoles
1-(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
4-[[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol [no description available]	2.15	1	alkylbenzene
2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde 2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde: structure in first source	2.15	1
4-(2-pyridinylthio)benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.15	1	aryl sulfide
5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-thiazolamine [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
3-[6-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyl-4-pyrimidinyl]aniline [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrimidines
glycosides [no description available]	2	1
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.06	1	isomethyleugenol
7-methoxyisoflavone 7-methoxyisoflavone : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 7.	2.15	1	7-methoxyisoflavones
pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	1.97	1	diphosphate ion
LSM-32392 [no description available]	2.15	1	monoterpenoid
N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1-(1-benzimidazolyl)-3-(1-cyclohex-3-enylmethoxy)-2-propanol [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
N-[2-(2-furanylmethylthio)ethyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
3-acetamido-5-chloro-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzofurans
[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	dimethoxybenzene
4-[4-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]morpholine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-arylpiperazine
haplamine haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source	2.15	1	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	triazoles
2-ethoxy-N-[4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
2-[(5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]-1-phenylethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
1-ethyl-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by pyridin-4-yl and pyrrolidin-1-yl groups, respectively.	2.15	1	pyridines; pyrrolidines; quinazolines
scp 1 [no description available]	2.15	1
N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-3-chlorobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
4-methoxy-N-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-phenylmethoxybenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
N-(2-furanylmethyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzofurans
5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amine; thiadiazoles
te 5 [no description available]	2.15	1
2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-4,5-dimethyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	benzothiazoles
6-methylflavone 6-methylflavone: structure in first source	2.15	1
2-methoxy-N-(2-pyridinyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
2-chloro-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
N1-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-fluorobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
tioxazafen tioxazafen : A 1,2,4-oxadizole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 have been replaced by phenyl and thiophen-2-yl groups, respectively. It is used as a broad spectrum nematicidal seed treatment.	2.15	1	1,2,4-oxadiazole; thiophenes	agrochemical; nematicide
N-[5-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethylene 4-methoxy-beta-nitrostyrene: has vasodilator activity; structure in first source	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
brd32048 BRD32048: inhibits ETV1 oncoprotein; structure in first source	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes; substituted aniline
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.15	1	imidazoles
5-(2-phenyl-4-triazolyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available]	2.15	1	triazoles
N-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydroindole-1-carboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	indolyl carboxylic acid
4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine : A thienopyrimidine that is thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by a benzylsulfanediyl group.	2.15	1	aryl sulfide; benzenes; thienopyrimidine
2-methyl-5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-3-(1-pyrrolyl)-4-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone [no description available]	2.15	1	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound
1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-methoxy-N-methyl-2-indolecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	indolecarboxamide
N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-methoxybenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]ethan-1-one [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
2-(9h-xanthen-9-yl)-malonic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	xanthenes
1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
1-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-benzimidazol-4-one [no description available]	2.15	1	imidazoles
N-(4-acetamidophenyl)-2-bromobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
4-bromo-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
1-(2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)-2-(phenylthio)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	indoles
N-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzotriazolyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	triazoles
N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide : A member of the class of sulfamides that is N,N-dimethylsulfuric diamide substituted by a 4-methylphenyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the agrochemical tolylfluanid.	2.15	1	sulfamides	marine xenobiotic metabolite
2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol 2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol: structure in first source	2.15	1
2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine: structure in first source	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-phenylethyl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	benzenes
1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenylurea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
N-phenethyl-2-furamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; heteroarene
paromomycin sulfate [no description available]	2.15	1
N,N,2-trimethyl-1-phenyl-5-benzimidazolesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
N-(phenylmethyl)-4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-thiazolamine [no description available]	2.15	1	aralkylamine
N-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	monoterpenoid
2-amino-5-ethyl-4-(2-furanyl)-6-propyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrile; pyridines
2-ethoxy-N-[5-(methoxymethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
vu0099704 VU0099704: an antagonist of protease activated receptor 4 (PAR-4); structure in first source	2.15	1
3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrazoles; ring assembly
1-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	triazoles
2-methyl-N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)propanamide [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrroloquinoline
2-methyl-5-[(2-methyl-4-quinolinyl)thio]-1,3,4-thiadiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	aryl sulfide
5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1h-pyrido(3,2-b)indole-3-carbonitrile VRX-413638: structure in first source	2.15	1
(3-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[d]imidazol-2-yl)-phenylmethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
2-fluoro-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
4-(methoxymethyl)-6-methyl-2-(2-methylanilino)-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrile; pyridines
1-azepanyl-[2-methoxy-4-(methylthio)phenyl]methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	carbonyl compound; thiol
GS4012 free base GS4012 free base : A member of the class of pyridines that is 2-(pyridin-4-yl)ethane-1-thiol in which the thiol hydrogen is replaced by a 4-methoxyphenyl group.	2.15	1	aryl sulfide; monomethoxybenzene; pyridines	VEGF activator
N-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzimidazolyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
2-(4-methylanilino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide : An amino acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of 2,6-dimethylaniline with N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycine.	2.15	1	amino acid amide; glycine derivative
2-[4-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-arylpiperazine
1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
4-Piperidinobenzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	piperidines
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3-thiophenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrroloquinoline
4-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-2-thiazolamine [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
4-[(4-phenyl-2-thiazolyl)amino]benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
N-[7-(1-oxopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodioxine
N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
n-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine: an SK channel inhibitor	2.15	1
8-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
2'-nitroflavone 2'-nitroflavone: has antineoplastic activity	2.15	1
N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	aminoquinoline
1-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-one [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic compound
vrt 532 VRT 532: a CFTR potentiator; structure in first source	2.15	1
4-[[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
1-piperonylpiperidine 1-piperonylpiperidine: an AMPA receptor modulator; structure in first source	2.15	1
2-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl-(phenylmethyl)amino]ethanol [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amine
2-methoxy-4-[[2-(methylthio)anilino]methyl]phenol [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amine
6-ethyl-5-methyl-2-thiophen-2-yl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrazolopyrimidine
N-[4-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-(6-phenyl-5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	imidazoles
2-(phenylmethylthio)-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole [no description available]	2.15	1	aryl sulfide
5-methyl-N-(4,5,6-trimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	benzoxazole
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
2-{[hydroxy(2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}acetic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acylglycine
(4-methoxyphenyl)-(3-methyl-2-propyl-4-imidazolyl)methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N4,N4-dimethyl-N1-(4-nitro-1,1-dioxo-2,5-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine [no description available]	2.15	1	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
2-bromo-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
2-methoxy-4-[(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound
3-[[(2,5-dimethyl-3-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-quinoxalinyl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	quinoxaline derivative
2-(dimethylsulfamoylamino)-9H-fluorene [no description available]	2.15	1	fluorenes
4-chloro-1-ethyl-3-nitro-2-quinolinone [no description available]	2.15	1	nitro compound; quinolines
4-chloro-3-nitro-1-(phenylmethyl)-2-quinolinone [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
2,5-dimethyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxaldehyde [no description available]	2.15	1	arenecarbaldehyde
2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	stilbenoid
4-methyl-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
N-(5-amino-1-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2,2,2-trichloroacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	triazoles
N-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
N-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	organofluorine compound
4-tert-butyl-N-(1,4-dioxo-2,3-dihydrophthalazin-5-yl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	phthalazines
N-[2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	phthalimides
6-(1,4,5,7-tetramethyl-6-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinyl)quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	stilbenoid
5-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	oxadiazole; ring assembly
5-(phenylmethyl)-3-(2-pyridinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	pyridines
2-methyl-5-(1-pyrrolidinyl)isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	phthalimides
(2'-(4-aminophenyl)-(2,5'-bi-1h-benzimidazol)-5-amine) [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-carbazole-3-carbohydrazide [no description available]	2.15	1	carbazoles
N-(3-carbamoyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	primary carboxamide; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide
N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-methyl-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodioxoles
1-cyclohexyl-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodioxine
8-[(2-methyl-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	aryl sulfide
1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethyl]benzimidazole [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
4,5-dimethyl-2-[4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2-thiazolyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-one [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
2-(4-fluoro-N-methylsulfonylanilino)-N-(3-methylphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-pyridinylthio)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
3-methyl-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine [no description available]	2.15	1	triazolopyridazine
N-(3-acetylphenyl)-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
oncrasin-1 oncrasin-1: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. oncrasin-1 : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by 4-chlorobenzyl and formyl groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is an anti-cancer agent that is active against lung cancer cells with K-Ras mutations.	2.15	1	arenecarbaldehyde; indoles; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
5-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
N-(4-anilinophenyl)-2-methylpropanamide [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
N-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
1-[(Phenylthio)acetyl]piperidine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acylpiperidine
N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	oxadiazole; ring assembly
4-[(4-carboxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)methyl]-5-methyl-2-furancarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	trihydroxybenzoic acid
4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-3-quinolinol [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxopropylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
3-acetyl-2-methylbenzo[f]benzofuran-4,9-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	naphthofuran
5-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; heteroarene
1-azepanyl-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1-(5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-fluorophenoxy)ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
3,4,5-triethoxy-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1-propylsulfonyl-4-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines; pyridines
2-(2-phenylethylthio)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
2-(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)-N-pyridin-4-ylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-N-(phenylmethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-(5-acetyl-4-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-5-bromo-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	thiazoles
1-cyclohexyl-3-(3-ethylphenyl)urea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
n-phenylpiracetam N-phenylpiracetam: structure given in first source	2.15	1
2-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]-N-(2-phenylphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	biphenyls
N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-nitrobenzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	2.41	1	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
4-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	isoquinolines
5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
3-[[(3,5-dichloro-4-ethoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1,4-bis(thiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-sulfonylpiperazine; thiophenes
2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxobutylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[(6-nitro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl]piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
n-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide N-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide: inhibits the betaine-GABA transporter 1; structure in first source	2.15	1
2-[[2-(5-methyl-2-thiophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]thio]-3-phenyl-4-quinazolinone [no description available]	2.15	1	quinazolines
1-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-5-yl)-3-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]urea [no description available]	2.15	1	morpholines
ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen carries methyl and 2-[4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl substituents and the sulfonyl a 4-chlorophenyl group.	2.15	1	carbamate ester; sulfonamide
LSM-4563 [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
1-(4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
N-[4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4-chloro-3-(1-piperidinylsulfonyl)-N-(2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-(phenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-[(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4-[4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-methylquinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines; pyridines
1-(6-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-quinolinyl)-2-[[5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]thio]ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
N2-phenyl-6-[[(1-phenyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine [no description available]	2.15	1	tetrazoles
2-[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)thio]-N-(4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	1,3-oxazoles
2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines; pyridines
2-amino[1,3]thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diol [no description available]	2.15	1	thiazolopyrimidine
3-[[(2-cyclohexyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
3-[[[3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
2-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylsulfamoyl)-2-methoxybenzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzoic acid
N-cycloheptyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-4-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-N-[4-[2-(4-morpholinyl)-2-oxoethoxy]phenyl]-4-isoxazolecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
N-[3-[[(4-nitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
3-methyl-1,5-dithiophen-2-ylpentane-1,5-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
N-(2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-N-(4-thiophen-2-yl-2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
3-chloro-N-[4-[(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)amino]phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
stk295900 [no description available]	2.15	1
1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
2-[4-[[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl]amino]phenyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	pyridazines; ring assembly
1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]urea [no description available]	2.15	1	ureas
N-[5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-methyl-1-phthalazinamine [no description available]	2.15	1	phthalazines
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	2	1	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	2	1	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine [no description available]	2.05	1	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
SMER 28 SMER 28 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a prop-2-en-1-ylnitrilo group and a bromo group at positions 4 and 6, respectively. It is a modulator of mammalian autophagy.	2.15	1	organobromine compound; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	autophagy inducer
N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]carbamic acid butyl ester [no description available]	2.15	1	morpholines
4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(4-morpholinyl)-1-butanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1-piperidinyl)-1-butanone [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acylpiperidine
N-(3-phenylpropyl)methanesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzenes
4-acetamido-N-(2-methoxyethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	amidobenzoic acid
2-methyl-N-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-3-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl-(4-propoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
5-bromo-N-(2-phenylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
2-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethylthio]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
3-(3-bromoanilino)-1-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-1-propanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aralkylamine
4-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-1-oxoethyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazinecarboxylic acid
2-[2-[[3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)anilino]-oxomethyl]phenyl]benzoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]-2-methoxy-4-methylbenzene [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
N-[4-[(4-sulfamoylphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4-[2-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl]morpholine [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
N-[2-(2-phenylphenoxy)ethyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	biphenyls
5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: structure in first source	2.15	1
1,3-dimethylthiourea [no description available]	2.07	1
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	2.07	1	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	2.97	4	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
tamoxifen [no description available]	2.05	1	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
nadp [no description available]	5.69	27
2-[bis(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrophenol
2-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-(2-oxolanylmethyl)-4-quinazolinamine [no description available]	2.15	1	quinazolines
2-(4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ketone
Methyl(2-furoylamino)acetic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	N-acyl-amino acid
5-nitro-8-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline [no description available]	2.15	1	nitro compound; quinolines
2-(3-oxo-2,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-yl)-N-phenylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	amino acid amide
2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]pentanoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
4,6-dimorpholino-n-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine 4,6-dimorpholino-N-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine: an mTOR activator; structure in first source	2.15	1
1-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-N,N-diethyl-3-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	piperidines
1-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-2-phenylethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
2-amino-7-methyl-5-oxo-4-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-benzopyran-3-carbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
3-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(diethylamino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
4-(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)morpholine [no description available]	2.15	1	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
(3,5-Dimethyl-1-adamantyl)amine nitrate [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrates
1-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)-2-propanol [no description available]	2.15	1	alkylbenzene
N-[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-2-adamantanamine [no description available]	2.15	1	N-alkylpyrrolidine
4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-butanamine [no description available]	2.15	1	aralkylamine
N-(5-nitro-2-pyridinyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
3-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-4-(4-methoxyanilino)-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
3-ethyl-N-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1-adamantanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
N-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	monoterpenoid
4-chloro-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound
2-[(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylamino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	benzodioxine
2,4-dichloro-6-[1-(4-morpholinyl)-3-phenylprop-2-ynyl]phenol [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic compound
2-[[1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl]amino]acetonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
1-ethoxy-3-(2-methoxy-4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)-2-propanol [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
6-amino-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-(phenylmethyl)-4H-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	organochlorine compound; pyranopyrazole
1-(2-chlorophenoxy)-3-(2-methyl-1-benzimidazolyl)-2-propanol [no description available]	2.15	1	benzimidazoles
N-[2-furanyl-(8-hydroxy-7-quinolinyl)methyl]-2-methylpropanamide [no description available]	2.15	1	hydroxyquinoline
N-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; furans
4-amino-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-pyrimido[3,4]pyrrolo[3,5-a]azepine-11-carbonitrile [no description available]	2.15	1	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
6-[(3,4-difluoroanilino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	anilide
4-[(3-cyano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophen-2-yl)amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	organosulfur heterocyclic compound
[3-methyl-4-[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-thiophen-2-ylmethanone [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; thiophenes
[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
N-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; heteroarene
4-[2-nitro-5-[4-(phenylmethyl)sulfonyl-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]morpholine [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
5-(4-ethylsulfonyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-nitro-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)aniline [no description available]	2.15	1	piperazines
2-[[5-[(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio]-N-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzothiazoles
N-ethyl-N-[2-[(5-nitro-8-quinolinyl)amino]ethyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	nitro compound; quinolines
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(4-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
3,4,5-trimethoxy-N-[4-[(2-methyl-1-piperidinyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	benzamides
3-(n,n-dimethylsulfonamido)-4-methyl-nitrobenzene BRL-50481 : A C-nitro compound that is benzene substituted by N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl, methyl and nitro groups at positions 1, 2 and 5, respectively. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor selective for the PDE7 subtype (Ki = 180 nM).	2.15	1	C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; toluenes	bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.53 (3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; geroprotector
6,3',4'-Trimethoxyflavanone [no description available]	2.15	1	ether; flavonoids
1-[4-(3-ethoxyphenoxy)butyl]imidazole [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic ether
5-[[(1-cyclohexyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.15	1	oxadiazole; ring assembly
2-[1-(3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available]	2.15	1	phthalimides
[4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(1-piperidinyl)methanone [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
3-(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-N-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	amidobenzoic acid
6-[[[5-(ethylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]amino]-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
2,5-dimethoxy-n-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide 2,5-dimethoxy-N-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide: a tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.15	1	quinolines
LSM-25805 [no description available]	2.15	1	isoindoles
4-ethoxy-N-(3-quinolinyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
3-chloro-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-6-nitro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	1-benzothiophenes
nsc 727447 NSC 727447: structure in first source	2.15	1
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	2.74	3	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	4.26	19	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
laccase Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.	2.61	2
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	2.01	1	alkali metal atom
zineb Zineb: An agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. It has relatively low toxicity and there is little evidence of human injury from exposure.. zineb : A polymeric complex of zinc with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. Formerly used as an agricultural fungicide for the control of downy mildews and rusts, its use is no longer permitted in the US or the EU.	2.03	1	dithiocarbamate salt; macromolecule; zinc coordination entity	antifungal agrochemical
quinine [no description available]	1.95	1	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
azoxystrobin azoxystrobin: a methoxyacrylate analog; a strobilurin fungicide; structure given in first source. azoxystrobin : An aryloxypyrimidine having a 4,6-diphenoxypyrimidine skeleton in which one of the phenyl rings is cyano-substituted at C-2 and the other carries a 2-methoxy-1-(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl substituent, also at C-2. An inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1, it is used widely as a fungicide in agriculture.	2.46	2	aryloxypyrimidine; enoate ester; enol ether; methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent; methyl ester; nitrile	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; quinone outside inhibitor; xenobiotic
2-methoxy-N-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-phenylacetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	acetamides
2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound; thiazoles
7-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine [no description available]	2.15	1	methoxybenzenes
N-[3-[2,5-dioxo-3-(phenylmethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrrolidines
3,4-dimethoxy-N-[3-(methylthio)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available]	2.15	1	sulfonamide
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	1.94	1
3-methyl-4-nitro-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.41	2	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylthio]-N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.15	1	nitrophenol
2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-4-quinolinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	quinolines
N-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-amine [no description available]	2.15	1	C-nitro compound
3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-indol-2-one 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: an estrogen receptor alpha inhibitor	2.15	1
alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	1.95	1
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.	2.39	2
N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide
N,N,4-trimethyl-2-[[(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-5-thiazolecarboxamide [no description available]	2.15	1	aromatic amide; thiazoles
ex 527 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide: structure in first source. 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide : A member of the class of carbazoles that is 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole which is substituted at position 1 by an aminocarbohyl group and at position 6 by a chlorine.	2.15	1	carbazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound
quercetin [no description available]	2.05	1	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
ubiquinone q2 Ubiquinone Q2: interacts with iron atom to form acceptor quinone complex; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.44	2	ubiquinones
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	2	1	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	3.75	3
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	3.25	6	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
zeaxanthin Zeaxanthins: Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.	2.9	4	carotenol	antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; cofactor
gamma-linolenic acid gamma-Linolenic Acid: An omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as PGE1. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). gamma-linolenic acid : A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12.	1.99	1	linolenic acid; omega-6 fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.	1.99	1	linolenic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	1.95	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
tentoxin tentoxin: cyclic peptide from fungus Alternaria tenuis Auct.; structure	2.41	2	lactam
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	2.07	1	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
canthaxanthin Canthaxanthin: A trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.. canthaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene bearing two oxo substituents at positions 4 and 4'.	2.13	1	carotenone	biological pigment; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fungal metabolite
echinenone echinenone: structure in first source. echinenone : A carotenone that is beta-carotene in which the 4 position has undergone formal oxidation to afford the corresponding ketone. Isolated as orange-red crystals, it is widely distributed in marine invertebrates.	2.13	1	carotenone	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; cofactor; marine metabolite
lutein Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes.	1.99	1	carotenol	food colouring; plant metabolite
robustaflavone robustaflavone: bis-apigenin coupled at 6 and 3' positions; a potential non-nucleoside anti-hepatitis B agent;. robustaflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-3 of the hydroxyphenyl ring and C-6 of the chromene ring. Isolated from Thuja orientalis and Rhus succedanea it exhibits antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-hepatitis B activity.	2.04	1	biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly	anti-HBV agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite
cerulenin Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.	1.95	1	epoxide; monocarboxylic acid amide	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
11-ketotestosterone 11-ketotestosterone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 11-oxotestosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is testosterone carrying an additional oxo substituent at position 11.	2.11	1	11-oxo steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
codeine [no description available]	2	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	2	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
3-[3-[(5-ethyl-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)thio]propyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-one [no description available]	2.15	1	indoles
4-methyl-2,7-diphenyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one [no description available]	2.15	1	phenylpyridine
3-methylharman [no description available]	2.15	1
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	8.23	5	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
triphenyltin triphenyltin: triphenyltin derivatives widely used as pesticides; all of first source is triphenyltin cpds	3.19	5
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	2.01	1	alkali metal atom
lichexanthone lichexanthone: a dihydropyranexanthone derived from the natural xanthone; structure in first source. lichexanthone : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1, a methyl group at position 8 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 6. It has been isolated from the bark of Cupania cinerea.	2	1	aromatic ether; phenols; xanthones	plant metabolite
strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.	1.95	1	alkaline earth metal atom
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	7.08	1	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.96	4	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
plastoquinone [no description available]	4.99	39	plastoquinone
1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: metabolite from cows fed with corn silage; structure in first source	2.15	1
phycocyanobilin phycocyanobilin: tetrapyrrole prosthetic group of phycocyanin protein. phycocyanobilin : A bilin that consists of 8,12-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-18-ethyl-3-ethylidene-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobilin bearing two oxo substituents at positions 1 and 19.	2.38	2
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.9	4	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].	3.56	9	carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	2.5	2	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
abscisic acid Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.	2.44	2	2-trans-abscisic acid
ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.	2.38	2	ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt	fertilizer
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	2.35	2	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.	2.68	3
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	9.57	26	amidobenzoic acid
pyrachlostrobin pyraclostrobin : A carbamate ester that is the methyl ester of [2-({[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]methoxycarbamic acid. A fungicide used to control major plant pathogens including Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp. and Pyrenophora teres.	2.17	1	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; carbanilate fungicide; methoxycarbanilate strobilurin antifungal agent; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; xenobiotic
myxothiazol myxothiazol: strobilurin analogue; methoxyacrylamide derivative; antifungal antibiotic from Myxococcus fulvus; structure given in first source. myxothiazol : A 2,4'-bi-1,3-thiazole substituted at the 4-position with a (1E,3S,4R,5E)-7-amino-3,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-7-oxohepta-1,5-dien-1-yl] group and at the 2'-position with a (2S,3E,5E)-7-methylocta-3,5-dien-2-yl group. It is an inhibitor of coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase.	1.97	1
mucidin mucidin: produced by basidiomycete Oudemansiella mucida; strobilurin A produced by wood rot fungus Strobilurus tenacellus;. mucidin : An enoate ester that is the methyl ester of (2E,3Z,5E)-2-(methoxymethylene)-3-methyl-6-phenylhexa-3,5-dienoic acid.	7.36	2	enoate ester; enol ether	antifungal agent; fungal metabolite
bacteriochlorophylls Bacteriochlorophylls: Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.	2.37	2
plastoquinol plastoquinol: reduced form of plastoquinone. plastoquinol : A prenyl- or polyprenyl-hydroquinone that results from the reduction of a plastoquinone to the corresponding hydroquinone.. plastoquinol-9 : A plastoquinol in which an all-E nonaprenyl group is attached to position 5 of 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone.	1.98	1	plastoquinol
chlorophyll chlorophyll a': RN refers to (SP-4-2-(3S-(3alpha(2E,7S,11S),4beta,21alpha)))-isomer	2.55	2
sorgoleone sorgoleone: Sorgoleone refers to a group of benzoquinones from Sorghum bicolor having 2-hydroxy and 5-methoxy substitutions and either a 15- or 17-carbon chain with one, two, or three double bonds at position 3; The name sorgoleone was first given to 5-methoxy-3-(8'Z,11'Z)-pentadeca-8'11'14'-trienylbenzene-1,2,4-triol but this is unstable and is easily oxidized to the quinone, sorgoleone-358, which is the major constituent of the root exudate; binds at PLASTOQUINONE site of PSII. sorgoleone : A member of the family of benzoquinones, sorgoleone is 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a (4Z,7Z)-pentadeca-1,4,7-trien-15-yl group.	2.01	1	monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones
nifuroxime 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde oxime: structure in first source	2	1
fm1 43 FM1 43: labels motor nerve terminals in an activity-dependent fashion that involves dye uptake by synaptic vesicles that are recycling; structure given in second source	2.06	1	organic bromide salt; pyridinium salt; quaternary ammonium salt; tertiary amine	fluorochrome
beta-escin [no description available]	2.35	2
4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate [no description available]	2.01	1
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	2	1	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.	2.01	1	ammonium ion derivative
aldicarb Aldicarb: Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.. aldicarb : The oxime carbamate resulting from the addition of 2-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)propanaldoxime to methyl isocyanate. A member of the class of oxime carbamate insecticides, aldicarb is a mixture of E and Z isomers; it is not known which isomer is more active.	2.43	2
3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone: a neuroprotective agent; structure given in first source	2.03	1
oxamyl oxamyl: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.31	1
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	3.1	1	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
rhodamine 123 [no description available]	2.05	1	organic chloride salt; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
chromafenozide chromafenozide: has partial ecdysone agonist activity; structure in first source	2.06	1	bisacylhydrazine insecticide
struvite Struvite: The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes.	2.05	1	hydrate; phosphate mineral	fertilizer
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	1.97	1
digalactosyldiacylglycerol digalactosyldiacylglycerol: two Galactoses bound to diacylglycerol; the mono Gal MGDG is also available; constitutes 20% of plant chloroplast lipids; see also 1,2-distearoyldigalactosyldiglyceride	1.99	1
acebutolol alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.	2.1	1	alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose
potassium cyanate potassium cyanate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-CHNO	2.01	1	cyanate salt; one-carbon compound	herbicide
chlorophyll b [no description available]	2.11	1	chlorophyll	cofactor
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	2.87	4	benzoxazole
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	1.96	1
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	3.08	5	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
gramicidin a Gramicidin: A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.	4.09	16
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	2.66	3	peptide hormone
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.42	2	glycoside
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.39	2	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.	7.69	201	chlorophyll; methyl ester	cofactor
bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for tributylin: 688-73-3	2.03	1	inorganic molecular entity
ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.	3.48	8
chitosan [no description available]	2.91	3
sodium nitrite Sodium Nitrite: Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.. sodium nitrite : An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning.	2.01	1	inorganic sodium salt; nitrite salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antihypertensive agent; antimicrobial food preservative; food antioxidant; poison
pyrithiobac sodium [no description available]	7	1	organic molecular entity
chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses.	3.06	5
heme o heme O: hemes of cytochrome o; heme A-like molecule, containing a 17-carbon hydroxyethylfarnesyl side chain but with a methyl residue replacing the formyl group. ferroheme o : A ferroheme having a methyl group at ring position 8 and an isoprenoid chain at position 2.	1.98	1
silicotungstic acid silicotungstic acid: RN given refers to parent compound; structure	1.95	1
nitrogenase Nitrogenase: An enzyme system that catalyzes the fixing of nitrogen in soil bacteria and blue-green algae (CYANOBACTERIA). EC 1.18.6.1.	3.58	9
cytochromes c1 Cytochromes c1: The 30-kDa membrane-bound c-type cytochrome protein of mitochondria that functions as an electron donor to CYTOCHROME C GROUP in the mitochondrial and bacterial RESPIRATORY CHAIN. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p545)	1.95	1
glycolipids [no description available]	2.41	2
colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	2.21	1
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	2.71	3
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	4.7	30	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	2.05	1	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	1.99	1
piroxicam [no description available]	2.06	1	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	2	1	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
tenuazonic acid Tenuazonic Acid: 3-Acetyl-5-sec-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-one. A metabolite found in a strain of the fungus Alternaria tenuis Auct. which functions as an antibiotic with antiviral and antineoplastic properties, and may also act as a mycotoxin.. tenuazonic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is 5-(butan-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,4-dione carrying an additional acetyl group at position 3. A mycotoxin produced by various plant pathogenic fungi.	7.25	1
antimycin [no description available]	3.07	5
kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products.	7.44	2	aluminosilicate mineral; mixture	antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient
clay Clay: A naturally-occurring rock or soil constituent characterized by particles with a diameter of less than 0.005 mm. It is composed primarily of hydrous aluminum silicates, trace amounts of metal OXIDES, and organic matter.	3.57	8
sulfoquinovosyl diglyceride [no description available]	2.02	1
okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.	2.01	1	ketal
pyrethrins [no description available]	2.17	1
caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	1.97	1
oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).	3.06	5
imidacloprid (E)-imidacloprid : The E-isomer of imidacloprid.	2.06	1	imidacloprid; imidazolidines; monochloropyridine	environmental contaminant; genotoxin; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	2.39	2
neochrome neochrome: structure in first source	2.06	1
aldrin Aldrin: A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). aldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with norbornadiene. A proinsecticide (by epoxidation of the non-chlorinated double bond to give dieldrin), it was widely used as an insecticide before being banned in the 1970s as a persistent organic pollutant.	2.41	1
flavin mononucleotide Flavin Mononucleotide: A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.	2.64	3
digitonin Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies.	3.45	8
exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)	2.86	3
guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.98	1	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine [no description available]	2	1	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pheophytin a pheophytin a: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha(2E,7S,11S),4beta,21beta))-isomer	5.11	42
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	3.1	5	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	2.15	1	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
2-methyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone 2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone: from Bacillus cereus; structure given in first source	2.48	2
n(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide N(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide: not phototoxic; structure given in first source	2.15	1
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	2	1	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine 2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine: structure given in first source	2.15	1
2-styrylquinazolin-4(3h)-one 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-one: structure given in first source	2.15	1
2-amino-5-iodo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinone [no description available]	2.15	1
quininib quininib: has antiangiogenic activity; structure in first source. quininib : A styrylquinoline that is trans-2-styrylquinoline in which the the phenyl group has been substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group. It is an anti-angiogenic compound that exerts a dose-dependent antagonism of the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, preferentially antagonising cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. The major species at pH 7.3	2.15	1	phenols; styrylquinoline	angiogenesis inhibitor
bropirimine [no description available]	2.15	1	pyrimidines
2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-1H-quinazolin-4-one [no description available]	2.15	1	quinazolines
2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrimidin-4-one [no description available]	2.15	1	quinazolines
imidacloprid imidacloprid: systemic & contact insecticide exhibiting low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source; it is one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, which acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system. imidacloprid : An imidazolidine that is N-nitroimidazolidin-2-imine bearing a (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl substituent at position 1.	3.16	5	imidacloprid; imidazolidines; monochloropyridine	environmental contaminant; genotoxin; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
chlorophyll d chlorophyll d: RN given refers to the (SP-4-2-(3S-(3alpha(2E,7S,11S),4beta,21beta)))-isomer	1.99	1
dinitrobenzenes Dinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.	3.13	5
phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.	3.2	6
phenanthrenes Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	2.92	4

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
(pPNET) Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors [description not available]	2.03	1
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral A group of highly cellular primitive round cell neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.	2.03	1
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.03	1
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	2.03	1
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.03	1
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	2.03	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.05	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.05	1
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	2.1	1
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	2.1	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.77	3
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.77	3
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	2.13	1
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	2.13	1
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	2.25	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.92	4
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	2.25	1
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	2.21	1
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	2.21	1
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	2.21	1
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	7.21	1
Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)	2.69	3
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	3.64	9
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	3.26	6
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	3.67	3
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	3.67	3
Aneuploid [description not available]	2.47	2
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	4.23	17
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	2.99	4
Urinary Calculi Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.	2.05	1
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	2.47	2
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.4	2
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	2.4	2
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	2.4	2
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	2.06	1
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	2.48	2
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	2.01	1
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	2.01	1
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	2.01	1
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	2.01	1
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.03	1
Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	1.96	1
Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available]	1.96	1
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	2.36	2
Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	1.96	1
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired [description not available]	1.96	1
Anemia, Hemolytic A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).	1.96	1
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	1.96	1
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	1.96	1
Fasciola Infection [description not available]	1.96	1
Fascioliasis Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.	1.96	1
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei [description not available]	1.99	1
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	2.65	3
Brain Swelling [description not available]	1.95	1
Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.	1.95	1
Absence Seizure [description not available]	1.95	1
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	1.95	1
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	1.95	1
Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.	1.98	1
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.88	1
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	2.88	1
Infective Endocarditis [description not available]	1.94	1
Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).	1.94	1
Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.	1.94	1
Cardiac Death [description not available]	1.94	1
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	1.95	1
Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).	1.95	1
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	1.95	1

diuron

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (171)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (5)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (21)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Ceullar Components (1)

Bioassays (103)

Research

Studies (1,461)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 46.59

Study Types