A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "Muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis is now more frequently observed in France owing to population movements." | ( Chastanet, B; Lapierre, J; Piguet, B, 1975) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in parts of Saudi Arabia." | ( Butler, PG, 1978) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection which is especially endemic in the southern parts of Europe, in several regions of Africa, and in South and Central America." | ( Haberl, R; Negri, B; Neubert, U; Wilmes, E, 1990) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in south central Texas." | ( Furner, BB, 1990) |
| "The chemotherapy of leishmaniasis is still far from satisfactory." | ( Albanese, G; Crippa, D; Giorgetti, P; Sala, G; Santagostino, L, 1989) |
| "Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis is characterized by multiple nonulcerative skin lesions." | ( Bogaert Diaz, H; Neva, FA; Oster, CN; Petersen, EA, 1982) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is now considered a spectral and polar disease not unlike leprosy, caused by the leishmania parasite but also influenced by the host's immune response and intolerance." | ( Stingl, P, 1982) |
| "Mucosal leishmaniasis is rare in the Eastern hemisphere, and laryngeal leishmaniasis has not previously been reported in the UK." | ( Bryceson, AD; Grant, A; Grant, HR; Spraggs, PD, 1994) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a relatively benign disease caused by L." | ( Evans, TG, 1993) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a major tropical disease for which current chemotherapies, pentavalent antimonials, are inadequate and cause severe side effects." | ( Bienen, EJ; Chan, MM; Chen, CC; Fong, D; Grogl, M, 1993) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a chronic parasitic protozoal disease transmitted by sandfly vectors and is endemic in some regions of South America, Asia, Africa and Mediterranean countries." | ( Barrett, AW; Chaudhry, Z; Corbett, E; French, PD; Zakrzewska, JM, 1999) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by obligate intramacrophage protozoa, characterized by diversity and complexity." | ( Herwaldt, BL, 1999) |
| "Visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease endemic in the Mediterranean Basin, including Malta." | ( Grech, V; Parascandolo, R; Vella, C, 2000) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a common parasitic disease in Southern Europe, caused by Leishmania infantum." | ( Carrió, J; Portús, M, 2002) |
| "Diagnosis of leishmaniasis is often complicated." | ( Bañares, R; Barrio, J; Catalina, V; Clemente, G; de Diego Lorenzo, A; García Sánchez, A, 2003) |
| "Treatment of leishmaniasis is far from satisfactory: all antileishmanial drugs are toxic and most have to be used parenterally for prolonged periods, especially for visceral leishmaniasis." | ( Rai, M; Sundar, S, 2002) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by a hemoflagellate, Leishmania spp." | ( Singh, S; Sivakumar, R, 2004) |
| "Leishmaniasis is the most important emerging and uncontrolled infectious disease and the second cause of death among parasitic diseases, after Malaria." | ( Bazzocchi, IL; Campillo, M; Castanys, S; Cortés-Selva, F; Gamarro, F; Jiménez, IA; Munoz-Martínez, F; Pardo, L; Ravelo, AG, 2005) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases with a large spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania." | ( Alviano, CS; Alviano, DS; Aparício Garcia Cortez, D; Korehisa Maza, P; Lopes, AH; Mendonça-Filho, RR; Morgado-Díaz, JA; Nakamura, CV; Prado Dias Filho, B; Rosa, Mdo S; Ueda-Nakamura, T, 2006) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an important opportunistic disease among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1." | ( Barat, C; Ouellette, M; Tremblay, MJ; Zhao, C, 2007) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by at least 17 different species of protozoan Leishmania parasites and currently affects around 12 million people living mostly in tropical and subtropical areas." | ( Díaz, E; Machuca, C; Natera, S; Padrón-Nieves, M; Ponte-Sucre, A; Romero, A, 2007) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by hemoflagellate, Leishmania spp." | ( Mishra, J; Saxena, A; Singh, S, 2007) |
| "ariasi." | ( Coulibaly, E; Del Giudice, P; Delaunay, P; Ferrua, B; Gari-Toussaint, M; Godenir, J; Haas, H; Haas, P; Izri, A; Le Fichoux, Y; Marty, P; Ozon, C; Pratlong, F; Rosenthal, E, 2007) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease found in many countries worldwide." | ( Soong, L; Wanasen, N, 2008) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a protozoan vector borne disease prevalent throughout the world and present in at least 88 countries." | ( Le Pape, P, 2008) |
| "Laryngeal leishmaniasis is a protozoal infection which is rare in the Western world." | ( Anderson, C; Hathorn, I; McCluney, NA; Santangeli, L; Shakeel, M, 2009) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects 2 million people and kills 70000 persons every year." | ( Baiocco, P; Colotti, G; Franceschini, S; Ilari, A, 2009) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by flagellated protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which affects both humans and other mammals." | ( Davidov, G; El-On, J; Enav, H; Golan-Goldhirsh, A; Gopas, J; Luft, N; Ozer, L; Sneir, R, 2009) |
| "The treatment for leishmaniasis is dependent on a limited range of drugs." | ( Cortez, DA; Dias Filho, BP; Nakamura, CV; Santos, AO; Ueda-Nakamura, T; Vendrametto, MC, 2010) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic infections, but current treatments are unsatisfactory due to their toxicity, cost and resistance." | ( García, M; Miranda, M; Montalvo, AM; Monzote, L; Scull, R, 2010) |
| "Visceral leishmaniasis is an opportunistic infection that affects human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons in leishmaniasis-endemic areas." | ( Barragán, P; López-Velez, R; Olmo, M; Podzamczer, D, 2010) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a major health problem in many tropical and sub-tropical countries and development of a safe and easily-available vaccine has high priority." | ( Doroud, D; Gholami, E; Rafati, S; Rouholamini Najafabadi, A; Vahabpour, R; Vatanara, A; Zahedifard, F, 2010) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a widespread tropical infection caused by different species of Leishmania protozoa." | ( Borges, AR; Citó, AM; da Silva, AC; de Lima, SG; de Medeiros, Md; Figueiredo, RC; Lopes, JA, 2011) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a complex disease which presents as visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms." | ( Dobakhti, F; Khalili, G; Khaze, V; Mahmoudzadeh-Niknam, H; Partovi, F, 2011) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by the intramacrophage protozoa Leishmania spp." | ( Borborema, SE; de Andrade, HF; do Nascimento, N; Osso, JA; Schwendener, RA, 2011) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a major neglected disease with limited therapeutic options." | ( Ang, KK; Arkin, MR; Chen, S; De Muylder, G; Engel, JC; McKerrow, JH, 2011) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania which affects 12 million people worldwide." | ( Atella, GC; Barreto-Junior, CB; Carvalho, TM; Delorenzi, JC; Ferreira, C; Folly, E; Freire-de-Lima, L; Lima, ME; Nascimento, MT; Pinto-da-Silva, LH; Saraiva, EM; Soares, DC, 2011) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a major health problem that affects more than 12 million people." | ( Britta, EA; Dias-Filho, BP; Nakamura, CV; Sernaglia, RL; Silva, AP; Silva, CC; Ueda-Nakamura, T, 2012) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is not on the agenda and treatments are lagging behind." | ( Barrett, MP; Croft, SL, 2012) |
| "Leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania protozoa." | ( Al-Qahtani, MS; Jamil, S; Malik, NW; Mekki, TE, 2012) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected endemic disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations." | ( Borges, VM; de Freitas, LA; Guedes, CE; Lima, JG; Petersen, AL; Veras, PS; Versoza, CL, 2012) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies." | ( Balasegaram, M; Burza, S; Chappuis, F; Gaspani, S; Lima, MA; Milani, B; Ortiz Genovese, G; Potet, J; Ritmeijer, K, 2012) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a severe infection in HIV-positive patients." | ( Ehlert, N; Guggemos, W; Löscher, T; Meurer, A; Seilmaier, M; Wendtner, CM, 2013) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an infection provoked by protozoans belonging to the genus Leishmania." | ( Capasso, C; Corte-Real, S; Pan, P; Parkkila, S; Rodrigues, Ide A; Salonen, T; Supuran, CT; Syrjänen, L; Vermelho, AB; Vullo, D, 2013) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a growing health problem worldwide." | ( Bilbao-Ramos, P; Bolás-Fernández, F; Dea-Ayuela, M; González-Díaz, H; Martínez-Sernández, V; Santana, L; Sobarzo-Sánchez, E; Ubeira, FM; Uriarte, E; Yañez, M, 2013) |
| "Visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani." | ( Chattopadhyay, A; Jafurulla, M; Kumar, GA; Mandal, C; Roy, S, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is increasingly reported among travellers." | ( Bart, A; de Vries, HJ; de Vries, PJ; Grobusch, MP; Hodiamont, CJ; Kager, PA; Leenstra, T; van Gool, T; van Thiel, PP; van Vugt, M, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the World's most problematic diseases in developing countries." | ( Adhikari, A; Baruffi, MD; Callejon, DR; Feitosa, LG; Guaratini, T; Lopes, JL; Lopes, NP; Marques, LM; Riul, TB; Shrestha, RL; Silva, DB, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease associated with extensive mortality and morbidity." | ( Almeida-Amaral, EE; Canto-Cavalheiro, MM; Gervazoni, L; Inacio, JD, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a disease of the immunocompetent population, more often affecting infants and young children." | ( Apostolidis, J; Baltadakis, J; Harhalakis, N; Karakasis, D; Komitopoulou, A; Tzenou, T, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a complex disease with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations." | ( Ezatpour, B; Jahanbakhsh, S; Mahmoudvand, H; Minaie, K; Sharifi, I; Sharififar, F; Tavakoli, R, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an important neglected disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania that affects more than 12 million people worldwide." | ( Almeida-Amaral, EE; Canto-Cavalheiro, MM; Fonseca-Silva, F; Menna-Barreto, RF, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is the only tropical disease treated with non-anti-leishmanial drugs, among which liposomal amphotericin B, a combination of pentavalent antimonials and paromomycin and miltefosine, that are highly toxic, represent the most used ones." | ( Castelli, S; D'Annessa, I; Desideri, A, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies." | ( Bailey, MS; Preedy, HC, 2014) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a group of disease caused by different species of the parasite Leishmania affecting millions of people worldwide." | ( Cavalli, AC; Coimbra, ES; Cuin, A; Da Silva, AD; de Carvalho, GS; Gameiro, J; Machado, Pde A; Mota, VZ, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a protozoan infection native to various countries, including those in South America and Southeast Asia." | ( Fujinami, N; Shah, PJ; Vakil, NH, 2015) |
| "Ocular leishmaniasis is a potentially blinding disease and delay in diagnosis and treatment can cause irreversible damage to the eye and adnexae." | ( Badri Prasad, B; Poonam, L; Shakya, A; Smriti, K, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that affects several populations worldwide, against which there are no vaccines available and the chemotherapy is highly toxic." | ( Alves, RL; Amaral, AC; Cardoso, V; Mazotto, AM; Pinheiro, AS; Rodrigues, IA; Silva, JR; Vermelho, AB, 2015) |
| "Leishmaniasis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoa belonging to Leishmania genus." | ( Foroutan-Rad, M; Khademvatan, S; Tappeh, KH, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an epidemic in various countries, and the parasite Leishmania donovani is developing resistance against available drugs." | ( Basak, S; Bera, T; Bhattacharya, P; Das, P; Mondal, S; Saha, A, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted through the bite of an infected phlebotomine sand fly and caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania." | ( Doroud, D; Habibzadeh, S; Heidari-Kharaji, M; Rafati, S; Taheri, T, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is endemic in 98 countries and territories worldwide." | ( Cogo, J; Corrêa, AG; Kaplum, V; Nakamura, CV; Sangi, DP; Ueda-Nakamura, T, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an important parasitic disease found in the tropics and subtropics." | ( Almeida, RP; Balaji, S; Barreto, AS; Bertin, J; Borges, VM; Bozza, MT; Chan, FK; Farias Luz, N; Gazzinelli, R; Gough, PJ; Okuda, K, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a disease, caused by Leishmania parasites, which infect humans and animals, posing a major social and economic burden worldwide." | ( Athanasiou, E; Karagouni, E; Toubanaki, DK, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a devastating disease that disfigures or kills nearly two million people each year." | ( Koleske, AJ; Li, S; McMahon-Pratt, D; Rhodes, EL; Wetzel, DM, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the six diseases regarded most neglected by World Health Organization which is predominant in developing countries." | ( Ali, V; Garg, G; Singh, K, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people around the world caused by organisms of the genus Leishmania." | ( Canetti, C; Chaves, MM; Coutinho-Silva, R, 2016) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people worldwide." | ( Auzély-Velty, R; Din, ZU; Garcia, FP; Henrique da Silva Rodrigues, J; Nakamura, CV; Rodrigues-Filho, E; Ueda-Nakamura, T, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease, which needs improvements in drug development, mainly due to the toxicity, parasite resistance and low compliance of patients to treatment." | ( Branquinha, MH; D'Avila-Levy, CM; Dos Santos, AL; Ennes-Vidal, V; Menna-Barreto, RF, 2017) |
| "Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) endemic in developing countries." | ( Bernardes, LSC; da Rosa, R; de Moraes, MH; Schenkel, EP; Steindel, M; Zimmermann, LA, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a group of tropical diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania." | ( Babu, NK; Kumar, R; Kumar, V; Singh, S; Soumya, N; Yadav, S, 2017) |
| "According to WHO, leishmaniasis is a major tropical disease, ranking second after malaria." | ( Abid, M; Ahmad, MB; Azam, A; Daniliuc, CG; Hasan, P; Masood, MM; Rub, A; Sonawane, YA; Tabrez, S; Yadava, U, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a complex devastating disease that is widespread across the globe with 400 million people in 90 countries at a risk of acquiring leishmaniasis." | ( Agrawal, RK; Kumar, D; Sahu, A, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by many Leishmania species, belonging to subgenera Leishmania (Leishmania) and Leishmania (Viannia)." | ( Andreoni, F; Ceccarelli, M; Diotallevi, A; Fowler, H; Galluzzi, L; Magnani, M; Petersen, C; Vitale, F, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania." | ( Costa, MS; Gonçalves, YG; Maia, PIS; Napolitano, DR; Nunes, DCO; Rodrigues, RS; Rodrigues, VM; Von Poelhsitz, G; Yoneyama, KAG, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is the world's second deadliest parasitic disease after malaria, and current treatment of the different forms of this disease is far from satisfactory." | ( Botet, J; Cuesta-Marbán, Á; Gajate, C; Jimenez, A; Justies, N; Modolell, M; Mollinedo, F; Müller, I; Revuelta, JL; Varela-M, RE; Villa-Pulgarín, JA, 2017) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an important infectious disease caused by a range of Leishmania species, which are multihost protozoa parasites transmitted to humans by the sand fly and infecting macrophages." | ( Avital, N; Masaphy, S; Pastukh, N; Peretz, A; Zabari, L, 2018) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a group of human and animal diseases causing 20,000-40,000 annual deaths and its etiological agents belong to the Leishmania genus." | ( Bahrami, S; Bemani, E; Oryan, A, 2018) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease threatening over 350 million people." | ( Azevedo, RB; Biswaro, LS; da Silva, JR; Escobar, P; Garcia, MP; Neira Fuentes, LF; Vera, A, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a serious global health problem affecting many people worldwide." | ( Dikeakos, JD; Haeryfar, SMM; Khadir, F; Mazzuca, DM; Oryan, A; Rafati, S; Rudak, PT; Shaler, CR; Taheri, T, 2018) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that are especially common among low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas." | ( Bolzani, VDS; Candido, PA; da Silva, CV; Danuello, A; Freitas, TR; Júnior, CV; Lacerda, RBM; Martins, MM; Oliveira, RJ; Pivatto, M; Teixeira, TL, 2018) |
| "Leishmaniasis is considered a serious public health problem and the current available therapy has several disadvantages, which makes the search for new therapeutic targets and alternative treatments extremely necessary." | ( Carneiro, MPD; Chaves, SP; de Matos Guedes, HL; Lima, APCA; Lopes, FJP; Machado, PA; Sodero, ACR; Sousa-Batista, AJ, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus whose current treatment has high cost, highly toxic, and difficult administration, which makes it very important to find alternative natural compounds of high efficiency and low cost." | ( Almeida, RS; Assolini, JP; Bortoleti, BTDS; Carloto, AC; Conchon-Costa, I; Costa, IN; Gonçalves, MD; Lima, DM; Miranda-Sapla, MM; Pavanelli, WR; Silveira, GF; Tomiotto-Pellissier, F, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is caused by a protozoan parasite, Leishmania." | ( Alaidarous, MA; Alshehri, BM; Amir, K; Arish, M; Banawas, S; Dukhyil, AAB; Kashif, M; Rub, A; Shaker, K, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan of the Leishmania genus, and is considered a neglected tropical disease." | ( Al-Jabi, SW, 2019) |
| "Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis caused by different species of Leishmania parasites." | ( Asgari, Q; Esfandiari, F; Heli, H; Molaei, M; Morowvat, MH; Motazedian, MH, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of individuals worldwide." | ( Bellio, M; Canetti, C; Chaves, MM; Coutinho-Silva, R; Martins, MDA; Moreira-Souza, ACA; Rangel, TP; Silva, CLM; Sinflorio, DA; Thorstenberg, ML, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of individuals around the world." | ( Dias, BRS; Ferreira, LFGR; Hernandes, MZ; Menezes, JPB; Moreira, DRM; Palma, LC; Petersen, ALOA; Veras, PST, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected parasitic disease that is widely seen in more than 60 countries worldwide, including Turkey and its subcontinental region." | ( Guzel, M; Keskin, E; Sucu, BO; Ucisik, MH, 2019) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which has very limited treatment options and affects poor and underdeveloped populations." | ( Barbosa, MIF; de Magalhães Moreira, DR; De Souza, IRB; Dias, JSM; Doriguetto, AC; Guimarães, ET; Silva, GL; Silva, HVR; Soares, MBP; Teixeira, JDS, 2020) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a protozoan tropical infection that is estimated to be more than 0." | ( Agatsuma, Y; Fuchino, H; Hashimoto, Y; Mori-Yasumoto, K; Satake, M; Sekita, S; Shirota, O; Yasumoto, K, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis are a group of neglected infectious diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania with distinct presentations." | ( Andrade-Neto, VV; Chandasana, H; Costa, AMB; Derendorf, H; Dolabella, S; Galvão, JG; Kima, PE; Lira, AAM; Nunes, RS; Santos, JS; Santos, RL; Scher, R; Silva, ARST; Torres-Santos, EC, 2020) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the most important tropical neglected diseases according to the World Health Organization." | ( Coura-Vital, W; De Brito, RCF; de Oliveira Aguiar-Soares, RD; de Oliveira Cardoso, JM; Reis, AB; Roatt, BM, 2020) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of a sand fly." | ( Abdelghany, S; Ben Khalaf, N; Fathallah, DM; Gonzales, J; Hurwitz, I; Intagliata, S; Perkins, DJ; Pham, S; Pittalà, V; Romeo, G; Salerno, L; Sedillo, P, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases worldwide and is considered a serious public health issue." | ( Abbehausen, C; Aires, RL; Fontes, JV; Miguel, DC; Oliveira, LS; Rosa, LB, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a major infectious disease with hundreds of thousands of new cases and over 20,000 deaths each year." | ( Andricopulo, AD; Caljon, G; Campbell, S; Chelucci, RC; Dias, LC; Ferreira, LLG; Ferreira, RAA; Galuppo, MK; Junior, COR; Koovits, PJ; Kratz, JM; Maes, L; Martinez, PDG; Matheeussen, A; Michelan-Duarte, S; Mowbray, CE; Soares, BM; Uliana, SRB, 2021) |
| "Laryngeal leishmaniasis is an unusual form of the disease." | ( Bakhos, D; Desoubeaux, G; Lemaignen, A; Renard, L, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic neglected tropical disease caused by various species of Leishmania parasite." | ( Bhatia, R; Gupta, O; Monga, V; Pradhan, T, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that causes several clinical manifestations." | ( Chaves, M; Coutinho-Silva, R; Savio, LE, 2022) |
| "Visceral leishmaniasis is a severe disease caused by protozoan parasites that include Leishmania (L." | ( Bomfim, LGS; de Almeida, RP; de Jesus, AR; de Moura, TR; Dos Santos, PL; Lipscomb, MW; Magalhães, LS; Santos, CNO; Tanajura, DM, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is regarded as a neglected tropical disease by World Health Organization (WHO) and is ranked next to malaria as the deadliest protozoan disease." | ( Kumari, D; Perveen, S; Sharma, R; Singh, K, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infectious neglected tropical disease transmitted to humans by the parasites of Leishmania species." | ( Ankur, V; Kumar, SP; Kumar, SS; Mahender, T; Pankaj, W, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a common vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Leishmania sp." | ( Gürses, G; Kurt, Ö; Öktem Okullu, S; Toprak, Ş; Yentür Doni, N; Yıldız Zeyrek, F, 2021) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the NTDs which spread by the bite of sandflies (plebotomine)." | ( Choudhary, MI; Rizvi, F; Shaikh, M; Siddiqui, H; Yousuf, S; Zafar, H, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is one of the major public health concerns in Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Europe." | ( Murta, SMF; Santi, AMM, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical infectious disease." | ( Alshammari, MK; Alshammari, NA; Alshrari, AS; Eltahir Mudawi, MM; Harshan, AA; Imran, M; Khan, SA, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected parasitic infection affecting thousands of individuals, mostly among populations in low- to moderate-income developing countries." | ( Aucamp, J; N'Da, DD; Viljoen, M; Zuma, NH, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is caused by the protozoa of Leishmania genus." | ( Babat, SÖ; Çavuş, İ; Ceylan, ŞS; Girginkardeşler, N; Gündüz, C; Kayalar, H; Özbilgin, A, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, which presents a large spectrum of clinical manifestations." | ( Carvalho, AMRS; Coelho, EAF; da Silva, AD; Duarte, MC; Freitas, CS; Glanzmann, N; Lage, DP; Martins, VT; Mendonça, DVC; Menezes-Souza, D; Oliveira-da-Silva, JA; Ribeiro Antinarelli, LM; Soares Coimbra, E; Tavares, GSV, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease declared as an endemic in areas suffering from severe malnutrition and poverty." | ( Bisht, P; Dhingra, S; Kt, MF; Kumar, VU; Murti, K; Ramesh, M; Ravichandiran, V; Sharma, A, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide." | ( Caner, A; Erdem, S; Mert, U; Müftüoğlu, C; Ozbel, Y; Sadıqova, A; Toz, S, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease that mostly affects populations in tropical and sub-tropical countries." | ( Aucamp, J; Janse van Rensburg, HD; N'Da, DD; Zuma, NH, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease that mostly affects populations in tropical and sub-tropical countries." | ( Aucamp, J; Janse van Rensburg, HD; N'Da, DD; Zuma, NH, 2023) |
| "Treatments against leishmaniasis are limited and the development of new molecules is crucial." | ( Bhadoria, R; Bigot, S; Leprohon, P; Ouellette, M; Skouta, R; Vasquez, A, 2023) |
| "Treatments against leishmaniasis are limited and the development of new molecules is crucial." | ( Bhadoria, R; Bigot, S; Leprohon, P; Ouellette, M; Skouta, R; Vasquez, A, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of the phlebotomine female sand fly." | ( Aiebchun, T; Choowongkomon, K; Kiriwan, D; Rasri, N; Siripattanapipong, S, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, with approximately 1 million new cases and 30,000 deaths reported every year worldwide." | ( Borges, BS; Bueno, GP; Figueiredo, FB; Soares Medeiros, LC; Tomiotto-Pellissier, F, 2022) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne infection caused by protozoan parasites from the genus leishmania and is among the most neglected tropical diseases." | ( Ahmad, Z; Ayaz, M; Elawad, MA; Elkhalifa, MEM; Hamdoon, AAE; Salim, LHM, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease responsible for a huge rate of morbidity and mortality in humans." | ( Carneiro, SP; Registre, C; Rubio, KTS; Santos, ODH; Soares, RDOA, 2023) |
| "The treatment for leishmaniasis is currently plagued by side effects such as toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance to the available repertoire of drugs, as well as the expense of these drugs." | ( Sasidharan, S; Saudagar, P, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is an important disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania." | ( Abreu, F; Lima, F; Nico, D; Taveira, I; Verdan, M, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a tropical zoonotic disease." | ( Botura Scariot, D; Conceição da Silva, C; de Oliveira Silva, S; Falzirolli, H; Graça Contato, A; Kaplum, V; Pelegrin Garcia, F; Ueda-Nakamura, T; Vandresen, F; Vataru Nakamura, C, 2023) |
| "Nowadays, leishmaniasis is still treated with outdated drugs that present several obstacles related to their high toxicity, long duration, parenteral administration, high costs and drug resistance." | ( Alcon, M; Espuelas, S; Henriquez-Figuereo, A; Jiménez-Ruiz, A; Lucio, H; Moreno, E; Plano, D; Sanmartín, C, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a global health problem seen in more than 98 countries." | ( Alkan, S; Evlice, O; Şahinoğlu, MS, 2023) |
| "Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by the infective bite of female Phlebotomine sandflies." | ( Kaur, U; Medhi, B; Sehgal, R; Sharma, H; Shekhar, N; Shoeran, G, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "This paper highlights our results of treatment of leishmaniasis cutis, especially the rapid reduction of inflammatory reaction, quick regression of the skin process, and the rapid formation of scar without significant cosmetic effect in comparison with the data available in the literature." | ( Hossain, MZ, 1988) |
| "Antimonial agents are the main drug to treat all forms of leishmaniasis." | ( Atienza Fernández, F; Castelló Viguer, MT; Cuesta Estellés, G; Echánove Errazti, I; Esteban Esteban, E; Ridocci Soriano, F, 1999) |
| "The clinical treatment of leishmaniasis is based on a limited number of drugs, which are associated with adverse effects and have already induced resistance." | ( Domb, A; Golenser, J, 2006) |
| "The current treatments for leishmaniasis are unsatisfactory due to their toxic side effects, high costs, and increasing problems with drug resistance." | ( Bringmann, G; Faber, JH; Gulder, T; Kajahn, I; Moll, H; Pedersen, SE; Ponte-Sucre, A; Schultheis, M, 2007) |
| "Failure to treat leishmaniasis successfully is often due to drug resistance." | ( Díaz, E; Machuca, C; Natera, S; Padrón-Nieves, M; Ponte-Sucre, A; Romero, A, 2007) |
| "Current treatments for leishmaniasis are unsatisfactory due to their route of administration, toxicity and expense but, most importantly, to the developed resistance of Leishmania to first-line drugs." | ( Bisti, S; Georgopoulou, K; Skaltsounis, L; Smirlis, D; Soteriadou, K; Xingi, E, 2007) |
| "Several drugs are available for treating leishmaniasis." | ( Alonso, C; Castilla, J; Fuertes, MA; Nguewa, PA; Pérez, JM, 2008) |
| "In the treatment of leishmaniasis this is probably resulting in a subtherapeutic treatment." | ( Dorlo, TP; Kager, PA, 2008) |
| "Once treatment for leishmaniasis was started with miltefosine, CD4+ cell count rose above 400/microL." | ( Bestetti, A; Bossolasco, S; Cernuschi, M; Cinque, P; De Bona, A; Gaiera, G; Gianotti, N; Lazzarin, A; Maillard, M, 2008) |
| "The current treatment of leishmaniasis relies mainly on antimonial drugs." | ( Baiocco, P; Colotti, G; Franceschini, S; Ilari, A, 2009) |
| "The discovery of drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis is a pressing concern in global health programs." | ( Atella, GC; Barreto-Junior, CB; Carvalho, TM; Delorenzi, JC; Ferreira, C; Folly, E; Freire-de-Lima, L; Lima, ME; Nascimento, MT; Pinto-da-Silva, LH; Saraiva, EM; Soares, DC, 2011) |
| "Miltefosine is a new oral treatment against leishmaniasis." | ( Machado, PR; Penna, G, 2012) |
| "Traditional medicines to treat leishmaniasis have serious side effects, as well as significant parasite resistance problems." | ( Adhikari, A; Baruffi, MD; Callejon, DR; Feitosa, LG; Guaratini, T; Lopes, JL; Lopes, NP; Marques, LM; Riul, TB; Shrestha, RL; Silva, DB, 2014) |
| "Main-stay in treatment of leishmaniasis relies on chemotherapy but none of the current drugs combines high activity and low toxicity at affordable costs." | ( Almeida, AJ; Carvalheiro, M; Cruz, ME; Eleutério, CV; Gaspar, MM; Lopes, RM; Pereira, J, 2014) |
| "The current drugs for treatment of leishmaniasis possess many disadvantages; therefore, researchers are continuously looking for the more effective and safer drugs." | ( Foroutan-Rad, M; Khademvatan, S; Tappeh, KH, 2017) |
| "The control and treatment of Leishmaniasis, a neglected and infectious disease affecting approximately 12 million people worldwide, are challenging." | ( Barud, Hda S; Berretta, AA; Faccioli, LH; Hori, JI; Marquele-Oliveira, F; Torres, EC; Zoccal, KF, 2016) |
| "Intracellular infections treatment such as leishmaniasis is frequently hampered by limited access of drugs to infected cells." | ( Badirzadeh, A; Doroud, D; Habibzadeh, S; Heidari-Kharaji, M; Rafati, S; Taheri, T, 2016) |
| "Currently, the treatment of leishmaniasis is increasingly insufficient as current antileishmanial drugs have many disadvantages such as toxic side effects, high cost, and growing drug resistance." | ( Abamor, ES; Allahverdiyev, AM; Bagirova, M; Rafailovich, M, 2017) |
| "The most current treatment against leishmaniasis is chemotherapy." | ( Bahrami, S; Bemani, E; Oryan, A, 2018) |
| "The available treatments for leishmaniasis are less than optimal due to inadequate efficacy, toxic side effects, and the emergence of resistant strains, clearly endorsing the urgent need for discovery and development of novel drug candidates." | ( Caljon, G; Campillo, NE; de Koning, H; Gil, C; Hendrickx, S; Kalejaiye, T; Maes, L; Martínez, A; Munday, JC; Sebastián-Pérez, V, 2018) |
| "The current treatments for leishmaniasis bump into several obstacles, including low efficacy, high costs, long monitoring, and several/severe side effects." | ( Aguiar, LCS; Branquinha, MH; Cotrim, BA; Gonçalves, DS; Matteoli, FP; Resende, GO; Romanos, MTV; Sangenito, LS; Santos, ALS; Seabra, SH, 2019) |
| "Therapeutic options for the treatment of leishmaniasis are insufficient and need improvements owing to their low efficiency and high toxicity as well as the emergence of resistant strains." | ( Alves, MLR; Bandeira, CC; de Faria, BG; Giunchetti, RC; Peruhype-Magalhães, V; Ribeiro, JM; Souza-Fagundes, EM; Teixeira-Carvalho, A; Uzonna, JE; Vieira, FO, 2020) |
| "The current treatment of leishmaniasis presents some problems, such as cell toxicity, parenteral route, and time of treatment." | ( Ayala, TS; Banhuk, FW; Cabral, IL; de Amorim, JPA; Gandra, RF; Loth, EA; Menolli, RA; Negretti, F; Staffen, IV; Utzig, SL, 2020) |
| "There is a need for new drugs in the treatment of leishmaniasis, because it has been documented lately that there is a growing resistance against antimonial compounds which have been used in its treatment for decades." | ( Gürses, G; Kurt, Ö; Öktem Okullu, S; Toprak, Ş; Yentür Doni, N; Yıldız Zeyrek, F, 2021) |
| "The first line treatment for leishmaniasis are the pentavalent antimonials, such as N-methylglucamine antimoniate (Glucantime®) and sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam®)." | ( Botura Scariot, D; Conceição da Silva, C; de Oliveira Silva, S; Falzirolli, H; Graça Contato, A; Kaplum, V; Pelegrin Garcia, F; Ueda-Nakamura, T; Vandresen, F; Vataru Nakamura, C, 2023) |