Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Bacterial vaginosis is common among patients seen by gynecologists." | ( Andres, FJ; Benrubi, GI; Hosein, I; Parker, R, 1992) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial, superficial infection caused by an increase in anaerobic bacteria and a concomitant decrease in lactobacilli." | ( Majeroni, BA, 1991) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a definable clinical entity whose exact origin is unknown." | ( Gelbart, SM; Scaglione, NJ; Thomason, JL, 1991) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge." | ( Majeroni, BA, 1998) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with adverse sequelae, including late miscarriage, preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes, chorioamnionitis, postpartum endometritis and preterm labour and delivery." | ( Lamont, RF; Woodrow, N, 1998) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal symptoms in women and has potential complications." | ( Blackwelder, T; Fenner, DE; Ismail, M; Lappin, M; Livengood, CH; Long, BJ; Martens, MG; Nelson, AL; Sagov, S; Sheehan, KL; Soper, DE; Sweet, RL; Thorp, JM, 1999) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is also associated with preterm delivery in certain risk groups, such as women with a history of preterm birth or of low maternal weight." | ( Donders, GG, 2000) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent infectious cause of vaginitis." | ( Potter, J, 1999) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common gynecologic infection that has been associated with a variety of gynecologic and obstetric complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, postabortal infection and premature delivery." | ( Anderson, J; Brown, W; Cu-Uvin, S; Duerr, A; Holmberg, S; Jamieson, DJ; Kieke, B; Klein, RS; Mayer, K; Schuman, P; Sobel, J; Warren, D, 2001) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with preterm labor." | ( Denoit, V; Husson, MO; Le Gouëff, F; Puech, F; Subtil, D; Trivier, D, 2002) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is an established risk factor in pregnant women for premature rupture of membranes and preterm delivery." | ( Bibi, R; Kalyani, J; Mallika, M; Mathew, R, 2001) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes across all gestational ages." | ( Ugwumadu, AH, 2002) |
| "Recurrent bacterial vaginosis is a difficult clinical condition." | ( Baylson, FA; Nyirjesy, P; Weitz, MV, 2004) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent disease of the female genital tract." | ( Huang, M; Wang, JH, 2005) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infections." | ( Ganz, T; Valore, EV; Wiley, DJ, 2006) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age." | ( Bhalla, P; Bhalla, R; Chawla, R; Garg, S; Raina, U; Singh, MM; Sodhanit, P, 2007) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with infectious complications in pregnant and non-pregnant women and increasing risk of STI." | ( Ekiel, AM; Martirosian, G; Romanik, MK; Tomana, L, 2007) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal disorder among women of reproductive age." | ( Adelson, ME; Libby, EK; Mordechai, E; Pascal, KE; Trama, JP, 2008) |
| "Persistent bacterial vaginosis is associated with several bacteria in the Clostridiales order, Megasphaera phylotype 2, and P." | ( Fiedler, TL; Fredricks, DN; Marrazzo, JM; Ringwood, K; Thomas, KK, 2008) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition that recurs frequently, adversely affecting women's lives, and is associated with complications including increased risk of sexually transmitted infections, HIV, and adverse pregnancy outcome." | ( Hay, P, 2009) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial syndrome." | ( Acar, J; Brauman, M; De Backer, E; Dubreuil, L; Vaneechoutte, M, 2010) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal complaints." | ( Verhelst, R; Verstraelen, H, 2009) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a shift of the physiological flora to a diverse spectrum of bacteria, where Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae are the most important markers." | ( Battini, V; Bulgheroni, A; Caserini, M; Mailland, F; Mendling, W; Togni, G, 2011) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial syndrome involving replacement of normal vaginal hydrogen peroxide producing lactobacilli by a variety of mycoplasmas and Gram-negative rods." | ( Agnes, C; Arora, P; Das, NK; Ghosh, P; Goswami, S; Modak, T; Ray, R, 2011) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with sexual activity, but mechanisms for this association are unclear." | ( Agnew, K; Manhart, LE; Marrazzo, JM; Mitchell, C; Thomas, KK, 2011) |
| "Untreated bacterial vaginosis is related with many complications for non-pregnant women in reproductive age, most common from them are vaginal discharge and postoperative infections." | ( Georgiev, S; Masseva, A; Nikolov, A; Shopova, E, 2012) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is an ecological disorder that ensues when normal lactobacilli are replaced by large numbers of Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella sp." | ( Malinova, M, 2012) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a highly prevalent and poorly understood polymicrobial disorder of the vaginal microbiota, with significant adverse sequelae." | ( Hymes, SR; Randis, TM; Ratner, AJ; Sun, TY, 2013) |
| "Recurrence of bacterial vaginosis is attributed to the inability of various formulations to disrupt bacterial biofilms." | ( Borden, E; Boyapati, SP; Gadde, M; Kandimalla, KK; Lebby, K; Mulpuru, M; Omtri, RS; Smith, M, 2013) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is present when the Nugent score is ≥7 and the modified Amsel criteria is positive." | ( Liao, Q; Na, RS; Nu, XX; Shang, CG; Wang, B; Wang, K; Xiao, BB, 2014) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a condition of unknown etiology, associated with an imbalance of the normal vaginal microbiota, characterized by a high recurrence rate despite of classical therapy solutions." | ( Bodean, O; Cirstoiu, C; Cirstoiu, M; Munteanu, O; Secara, D, 2013) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a recalcitrant polymicrobial biofilm infection that often resists standard antibiotic treatment." | ( Loening-Baucke, V; Swidsinski, A; Swidsinski, S; Verstraelen, H, 2015) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common reproductive infection in which commensal vaginal lactobacilli are displaced by a mixed population of pathogenic bacteria." | ( Chen, S; Cole, AL; Cole, AM; Diaz, C; Eade, CR, 2015) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is associated with increased transmission of sexually transmitted infections, preterm labor, post-surgical infections, and endometritis." | ( Trouton, KM; Zeron Mullins, M, 2015) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a prevalent state of dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota with wide-ranging impact on human reproductive health." | ( Remon, JP; Verstraelen, H; Vervaet, C, 2016) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a frequent dysbiosis, where the normal lactobacillus-dominated flora is replaced by an anaerob/aerob polymicrobial flora." | ( Burián, K; Endrész, V; Eszik, I; Párducz, L; Virok, DP; Wagner, G, 2016) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is an infection characterised by overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria in the vagina with an accompanying loss of lactobacilli, and is thought to be the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of child-bearing age." | ( , 2017) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a change in the normal vaginal bacterial flora that leads to loss of hydrogen peroxide producing lactobacilli and overgrowth of predominantly anaerobic bacteria." | ( Abbasalizadeh, S; Dehghan, P; Farhan, F; Farshbaf-Khalili, A; Hakimi, S; Javadzadeh, Y; Khalvati, B, 2018) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a genital tract infection, thought to be caused by transformation of a lactobacillus-rich flora to a dysbiotic microbiota enriched in mixed anaerobes." | ( Anumba, DOC; Frey, AM; Govinden, G; Naylor, KL; Parker, JL; Stafford, GP, 2018) |
| "We assessed whether bacterial vaginosis is an effect modifier of the association between hormonal contraception and HIV seroconversion in female sex workers (FSWs) in Mombasa, Kenya." | ( Baeten, JM; Jaoko, W; Lavreys, L; Mandaliya, K; Martin, HL; McClelland, RS; Overbaugh, J; Richardson, BA; Sabo, MC, 2019) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a condition associated with adverse reproductive outcomes and characterized by a shift from a Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota to a polymicrobial microbiota, consistently colonized by strains of Gardnerella vaginalis." | ( Arnold, KB; Cheu, RK; Doncel, GF; France, MT; Gustin, AT; Hampel, B; Klatt, NR; Lee, CY; Lemke, MM; Ravel, J; Thurman, AR, 2020) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a prevalent women's health issue that affects millions of women worldwide every year; however, current treatments are often messy, inconvenient, and ineffective." | ( Gerton, ML; Mann, BK, 2021) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a vaginal infection that affects 60% of women of reproductive age worldwide." | ( Caballero-Florán, IH; Cortés, H; Del Prado-Audelo, MAL; Figueroa-González, G; Giraldo-Gomez, DM; González-Del Carmen, M; González-Torres, M; Leyva-Gómez, G; Reyes-Hernández, OD; Sharifi-Rad, J; Villar-Padilla, A, 2021) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common and distressing condition associated with serious comorbidities." | ( Abdali, Z; Anstey Watkins, J; Armstrong-Buisseret, L; Brittain, C; Daniels, J; David, M; Dean, G; Griffiths, F; Hepburn, T; Jackson, L; Kai, J; Manley, A; Montgomery, A; Ozolins, M; Ross, JD, 2022) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common cause of unpleasant vaginal discharge that is caused by an imbalance of vaginal bacteria." | ( Abdali, Z; Anstey Watkins, J; Armstrong-Buisseret, L; Brittain, C; Daniels, J; David, M; Dean, G; Griffiths, F; Hepburn, T; Jackson, L; Kai, J; Manley, A; Montgomery, A; Ozolins, M; Ross, JD, 2022) |
| "Bacterial vaginosis is a common and distressing condition for women." | ( Abdali, Z; Anstey Watkins, J; Armstrong-Buisseret, LK; Brittain, C; Daniels, J; David, M; Dean, G; Griffiths, F; Hepburn, TM; Jackson, L; Kai, J; Manley, A; Montgomery, A; Ozolins, M; Ross, JDC, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "To evaluate the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole to determine if there is a therapeutic regimen that is superior to all others with regard to cure and recurrence rates." | ( Green, M; Lugo-Miro, VI; Mazur, L, 1992) |
| "Our goal was to evaluate whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy with 2% clindamycin vaginal cream reduces the incidence of either preterm delivery or low birth weight or of both." | ( Hillier, SL; Idajadi, A; Joesoef, MR; Linnan, M; Norojono, W; Sumampouw, H; Utomo, B; Wiknjosastro, G, 1995) |
| "We reviewed data on the treatment of bacterial vaginosis published from 1989 through 1992 (articles published after the 1989 publication of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines)." | ( Joesoef, MR; Schmid, GP, 1995) |
| "Our purpose was to determine whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole in patients with preterm delivery in the penultimate pregnancy from preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes reduces the risk of subsequent preterm birth." | ( Albritton, J; Morales, WJ; Schorr, S, 1994) |
| "Clindamycin, 2% cream, was effective treatment for bacterial vaginosis and temporarily reduced mucinase and sialidase activities." | ( French, JI; Jones, W; McGregor, JA; McKinney, PJ; Milligan, K; Parker, R; Patterson, E, 1994) |
| "Assessment of clinical trials on the treatment of bacterial vaginosis with regimens other than 5 to 7 days of metronidazole." | ( Sweet, RL, 1993) |
| "To study the clinical manifestation and treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV)." | ( Song, X; Weng, L; Yu, X, 1996) |
| "The most cost-effective treatment for bacterial vaginosis was generic metronidazole." | ( Greenberg, R; McComish, JF; Ransom, SB; Tolford, DA, 1999) |
| "In clinical trials, the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women who previously had a preterm delivery reduced the risk of recurrence." | ( Carey, JC; Ernest, JM; Fischer, ML; Hauth, JC; Heine, RP; Hillier, SL; Klebanoff, MA; Leveno, KJ; Nugent, RP; Thom, EA; Varner, M; Wapner, R, 2000) |
| "To determine whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) with vaginal clindamycin affects pregnancy outcome." | ( Jouppila, P; Kekki, M; Koskela, M; Kurki, T; Kurkinen-Räty, M; Paavonen, J; Vuopala, S, 2000) |
| "To determine whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in early pregnancy decreases the risk of preterm delivery and peripartum infectious morbidity." | ( Cacciatore, B; Kekki, M; Kurki, T; Kurkinen-Räty, M; Paavonen, J; Pelkonen, J, 2001) |
| "To assess the efficacy of treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) using metronidazole to reduce preterm labour in primigravidae and multigravidae with previous midtrimester abortion or preterm labour." | ( Grové, D; Odendaal, HJ; Popov, I; Schoeman, J; Smith, M, 2002) |
| "To evaluate the effect of treatment of bacterial vaginosis with the product Arilin rapid containing vaginal Metronidazole in high doses and a following vaginal application of lactic acid in a part of the patients." | ( Andreeva, P; Kovachev, S; Nacheva, A; Slavchev, B; Vacheva, R, 2002) |
| "In a randomized controlled trial, treatment of bacterial vaginosis with oral clindamycin was associated with a fivefold reduction in the incidence of late miscarriage." | ( Hay, PE, 2004) |
| "The cure rate of treatment of bacterial vaginosis was not improved by using lactobacilli-prepared tampons for one menstruation." | ( Carlsson, B; Eriksson, K; Forsum, U; Larsson, PG, 2005) |
| "Recommended regimens for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) have similar efficacy; thus, the choice of treatment should consider additional factors such as risk of BV recurrence and side effect profile." | ( Beigi, RH; Chen, JY; Tian, H, 2009) |
| ""Neither test nor treat patients for bacterial vaginosis" and "no surgical site infection prophylaxis or bacterial vaginosis treatment" were more expensive and less effective than other strategies." | ( Havrilesky, LJ; McElligott, KA; Myers, ER, 2011) |
| "Metronidazole, drug of choice for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, loaded bigels showed diffusion-mediated drug release." | ( Anis, A; Banerjee, I; Bhattacharya, MK; Pal, K; Pramanik, K; Singh, VK, 2014) |
| "Sucrose gel was used to treat bacterial vaginosis in a phase III clinical trial." | ( Chen, Z; Cheng, H; Deng, QW; Hu, KT; Pan, WG; Wang, HY; Yang, WZ; Yu, ZJ; Zeng, ZM; Zheng, JX, 2015) |
| "During pregnancy, treating bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis with metronidazole is effective and offers no teratogen risk." | ( Berard, A; Ferreira, E; Santos, F; Sheehy, O, 2015) |
| "It can be used as a drug for treatment of bacterial vaginosis and elimination of clinical symptoms of Trichomonas vaginitis." | ( Abdali, K; Amooee, S; Bekhradi, R; Jahed, L; Tabatabaee, H; Zarshenas, M, 2015) |
| "We aimed to investigate whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis decreases late miscarriages or spontaneous very preterm birth." | ( Ancel, PY; Bissinger, MC; Brabant, G; Canis, F; Chantrel, J; Deghilage, S; Delaeter, C; Desseauve, D; Dessein, R; Devos, P; Dugimont, JC; Faure, K; Fruchart, A; Gautier, S; Goffinet, F; Grandbastien, B; Guinard, E; Hacot, C; Jousse, M; Joyez, E; Kipnis, E; Nolf, C; Personne, A; Plennevaux, JL; Subtil, D; Tilloy, E, 2018) |
| "Systematic screening and subsequent treatment for bacterial vaginosis in women with low-risk pregnancies shows no evidence of risk reduction of late miscarriage or spontaneous very preterm birth." | ( Ancel, PY; Bissinger, MC; Brabant, G; Canis, F; Chantrel, J; Deghilage, S; Delaeter, C; Desseauve, D; Dessein, R; Devos, P; Dugimont, JC; Faure, K; Fruchart, A; Gautier, S; Goffinet, F; Grandbastien, B; Guinard, E; Hacot, C; Jousse, M; Joyez, E; Kipnis, E; Nolf, C; Personne, A; Plennevaux, JL; Subtil, D; Tilloy, E, 2018) |
| "'Metronidazole Versus lactic acId for Treating bacterial vAginosis' (VITA) is a UK-based randomised controlled trial assessing clinical and cost-effectiveness of topical lactic acid gel compared to oral metronidazole antibiotic for treating second and subsequent BV episodes." | ( Anstey Watkins, J; Brittain, C; Griffiths, F; Kai, J; Ross, JDC; Thandi, S, 2019) |
| "The standard treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV) with oral metronidazole is often ineffective, and recurrence rates are high among African women." | ( Abdool Karim, Q; Abdool Karim, SS; Balle, C; de Oliveira, T; Garrett, N; Giandhari, J; Jaspan, HB; Liebenberg, LJP; Mindel, A; Mngomezulu, K; Mtshali, A; Mzobe, G; Ngcapu, S; Onywera, H; Osman, F; Passmore, JS; Ravel, J; Rompalo, A; San, JE, 2021) |
| "It could be an excellent alternative to treat bacterial vaginosis and also improve user adherence." | ( Caballero-Florán, IH; Cortés, H; Del Prado-Audelo, MAL; Figueroa-González, G; Giraldo-Gomez, DM; González-Del Carmen, M; González-Torres, M; Leyva-Gómez, G; Reyes-Hernández, OD; Sharifi-Rad, J; Villar-Padilla, A, 2021) |