Alkenols; the term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR'=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R' = H) or ketones (R' =/= H).
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|
| 3,7-dihydroxytropolone | A cyclic ketone that is tropolone in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 7 are substituted by hydroxy groups. It is isolated from the soil bacterium Streptomyces tropolofaciens strain K611-97. | 3,7-dihydroxytropolone |
| 4-hydroxy-2-ethyl-5-methyl-3(2h)-furanone | A member of the class of furans that is furan-3(2H)-one carrying additional ethyl, hydroxy and methyl substituents at positions 2, 4 and 5 respectively. A key aroma compound in soy sauce and fish sauce. | 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone |
| 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2h)-furanone | A member of the class of furans that is 5-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuran with a hydroxy group at position 4 and a keto group at position 3. | 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone |
| australifungin | A carbobicyclic compound that is 4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1(4H)-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 5 and 8, a (2Z)-3-hydroxyprop-2-enoyl group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 4 and 7 and a 2R-octan-2-yl group at position 3 (the 4S,4aR,5S,7R,8R,8aS stereoisomer). It is isolated from the fermentation extracts of Sporormiella australis and exhibits antifungal activity by interfering with the fungal lipid metabolism. | australifungin |
| beta-thujaplicin | A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities. | beta-thujaplicin |
| equisetin | A member of the class of tetramic acids that is trichosetin in which the hydrogen attached to the lactam nitrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. It is produced by the filamentous fungus Fusarium heterosporum. | equisetin |
| formestane | A 17-oxo steroid that is androst-4-ene-3,17-dione in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group. Formestane was the first selective, type I steroidal aromatase inhibitor, suppressing oestrogen production from anabolic steroids or prohormones. It was formerly used in the treatment of oestrogen-receptor positive breast cancer in post-meopausal women. As it has poor oral bioavailability, it had to be administered by (fortnightly) intramuscular injection. It fell out of use with the subsequent development of cheaper, orally active aromatase inhibitors. Formestane is listed by the World Anti-Doping Agency as a substance prohibited from use by athletes. | formestane |
| furaneol | A member of the class of furans that is 2,5-dimethylfuran carrying additional oxo and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively. It has been found particularly in strawberries and other such fruits. | 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3-one |
| isopentenol | An enol that is 3-methylbut-1-ene in which one of the terminal hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | isopentenol |
| kojic acid | A pyranone that is 4H-pyran substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and an oxo group at position 4. It has been isolated from the fungus Aspergillus oryzae. | kojic acid |
| lancifodilactone g | A triterpenoid that is a nortriterpenoid isolated from Schisandra lancifolia and has been shown to exhibit anti-HIV activity. | lancifodilactone G |
| lfm a13 | An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the amino group of 2,5-dibromoaniline. It is a dual-function inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Polo-like kinases (PLK) that exhibits anticancer properties. | LFM-A13 |
| pyranonigrin a | A member of the class of pyranopyrroles that is 2-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-6,7-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrrole-4,5-dione carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 7. Originally isolated from Aspergillus niger. | pyranonigrin A |
| sq-23377 | A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes. | ionomycin |
| streptolydigin | A monocarboxylic acid amide that is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lydicus. | streptolydigin |
| teriflunomide | An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. Used for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. | teriflunomide |
| tropolone | A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii. | tropolone |