Compounds > betulinic acid
Page last updated: 2024-12-04

betulinic acid

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth
FloraRankFlora DefinitionFamilyFamily Definition
Euryagenus[no description available]Pentaphylacaceae[no description available]
Eurya japonicaspecies[no description available]Pentaphylacaceae[no description available]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID64971
CHEMBL ID269277
CHEBI ID3087
SCHEMBL ID61767
MeSH IDM0042534

Synonyms (100)

Synonym
BRD-K45401373-001-05-0
betulinic acid, 24
(1r,2r,5s,8r,9r,10r,13r,14r,17s,19r)-17-hydroxy-1,2,14,18,18-pentamethyl-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)pentacyclo[11.8.0.0^{2,10}.0^{5,9}.0^{14,19}]henicosane-5-carboxylic acid
chembl269277 ,
cid_64971
bdbm23208
nsc-677578
BSPBIO_001587
PRESTWICK_95
BPBIO1_000412
SMP2_000205
(1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-1-isopropenyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid
rl9-080
(1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-1-isopropenyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-eicosahydro-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid
NSC677578 ,
BSPBIO_000374
PRESTWICK3_000417
472-15-1
betulic acid
mairin
betulinic acid ,
nsc-113090
C08619
betulinic acid, technical grade, 90%
smr000445624
MLS000728510
3beta-hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid
c30h48o3
lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy-
ccris 6748
nsc 113090
nsc 677578
lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)-
3-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
einecs 207-448-8
PRESTWICK1_000417
SPBIO_002313
PRESTWICK0_000417
PRESTWICK2_000417
NCGC00163409-02
NCGC00163409-03
HMS1989P09
.beta.-betulinic acid
als-357
chebi:3087 ,
lupatic acid
HMS1791P09
HMS1569C16
HMS2096C16
LMPR0106140004
3beta-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
AKOS015920276
HMS2232K03
S3603
unii-4g6a18707n
4g6a18707n ,
HY-10529
CS-1216
3beta-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
gtpl3945
betulinic acid [inci]
betulinic acid [mi]
(3.beta.)-3-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
CCG-208159
SCHEMBL61767
MLS006011257
(1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)icosahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid
QGJZLNKBHJESQX-FZFNOLFKSA-N
(1r,3 as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13 ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)icosahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid
(+)-(3?)-3-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
Q-100500
HB3799
HMS3402P09
mfcd00009619
betulinic acid, analytical standard
betulinic acid, >=98% (hplc)
SR-01000779609-3
sr-01000779609
lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, 3beta -hydroxy-
3-hydroxy-(3beta)-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
beta-betulinic acid
DB12480
betulinicacid
lupatic acid;betulic acid
Q384111
DS-15257
platanol
gratiolone
platanolic acid
melaleucin
BRD-K45401373-001-22-5
betulinic-acid
(1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylicacid
STL570261
(3beta)-3-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid
(1r,3as,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13ar,13br)-9-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)icosahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylicacid
BP-25391
DTXSID80861974
06l ,
(3beta)-3-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) is toxic to striatal dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve terminals in adult, but not in the adolescent, brain."( Co-administration of betulinic acid and methamphetamine causes toxicity to dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve terminals in the striatum of late adolescent rats.
Killinger, B; Moszczynska, A; Shah, M, 2014)		0.4
" Current chemotherapeutic treatment carries the risk of adverse health effects for the horse owner or the treating veterinarian by exposure to antineoplastic compounds."( In vitro anticancer activity of Betulinic acid and derivatives thereof on equine melanoma cell lines from grey horses and in vivo safety assessment of the compound NVX-207 in two horses.
Cavalleri, JM; Feige, K; Liebscher, G; Mueller, T; Paschke, R; Vanchangiri, K, 2016)		0.43
" Therefore, a safe and less toxic agent is desirable."( Modulatory role of betulinic acid in N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Adaramoye, OA; Adeleke, GE, 2017)		0.46
"This study aimed to evaluate the potential adverse effects of the dermal administration of Dillenia indica Linnaeus (D."( Study of the potential adverse effects caused by the dermal application of Dillenia indica L. fruit extract standardized to betulinic acid in rodents.
Carvalho, AC; da Silva, GS; Fernandes, FS; Hilel, AS; Kanis, LA; Kviecinski, MR; Martins, DF; Remor, KVT; Schlindwein, AD, 2019)		0.51
" Good systemic tolerability and only mild local adverse effects were observed in all three groups."( Concentration profiles and safety of topically applied betulinic acid and NVX-207 in eight healthy horses-A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot study.
Bosse, K; Cavalleri, JV; Feige, K; Kalbitz, J; Kietzmann, M; Puff, C; Rohn, K; Weber, LA, 2021)		0.62
" The objective of the present study was to investigate the toxic effects of T-2 toxin and the reversal effect of BA on porcine kidney (PK-15) cells."( Betulinic acid attenuates T-2 toxin-induced cytotoxicity in porcine kidney cells by blocking oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Li, R; Li, X; Liu, S; Liu, X; Wang, J; Wang, X; Zhang, L; Zhu, Y, 2021)		0.62
" Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broad-spectrum OP pesticide used in agriculture and can cause several toxic effects in which oxidative stresses and inflammation play a key role."( Betulinic acid protects against cardiotoxicity of the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats.
Alruhaimi, RS, 2023)		0.91

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the WinNonlin pharmacokinetic software package."( Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of betulinic acid in CD-1 mice.
Beecher, CW; Cooke, BP; Geun Shin, Y; Graham, J; Kinghorn, AD; Pezzuto, JM; Udeani, GO; Zhao, GM, 1999)		0.3
" The pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties were calculated on online server PreADMET."( Computational investigations of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicological properties and molecular docking of betulinic acid, a constituent of Corypha taliera (Roxb.) with Phospholipase A2 (PLA2).
Chowdhury, A; Khan, MF; Nahar, N; Rashid, MA; Rashid, RB, 2018)		0.48
"Our computed properties may assist the development of analytical method to assay BA or to develop BA derivatives with better pharmacokinetic and toxicological profile."( Computational investigations of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicological properties and molecular docking of betulinic acid, a constituent of Corypha taliera (Roxb.) with Phospholipase A2 (PLA2).
Chowdhury, A; Khan, MF; Nahar, N; Rashid, MA; Rashid, RB, 2018)		0.48

Compound-Compound Interactions

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic growth-inhibitive effect of betulinic acid combined with tripterine on MSB-1 cells and its mechanism. The natural product betulinIC acid (BA) and chemical drug lonidamine (LN) were used as chemosensitizers in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) for ovarian cancer treatment.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" We have investigated the growth-inhibitory properties of this compound alone and in combination with ionizing radiation in a panel of established human melanoma cell lines as well as in normal human melanocytes."( Effects of betulinic acid alone and in combination with irradiation in human melanoma cells.
Jansen, B; Kodym, R; Pehamberger, H; Pimentel, E; Schlegel, W; Selzer, E; Wacheck, V, 2000)		0.31
" For most drug combinations, underlying signaling mechanisms responsible for positive drug-drug interactions remain elusive."( NOXA as critical mediator for drug combinations in polychemotherapy.
Ehrhardt, H; Fulda, S; Höfig, I; Jeremias, I; Obexer, P; Terziyska, N; Wachter, F, 2012)		0.38
" The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic growth-inhibitive effect of betulinic acid combined with tripterine on MSB-1 cells and its mechanism."( Growth inhibitive effect of betulinic acid combined with tripterine on MSB-1 cells and its mechanism.
An, N; Li, HY; Zhang, XM, 2015)		0.42
" Here, the natural product betulinic acid (BA) and chemical drug lonidamine (LN) were used as chemosensitizers in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) for ovarian cancer treatment."( Doxorubicin combined with betulinic acid or lonidamine in RGD ligand-targeted pH-sensitive micellar system for ovarian cancer treatment.
Jin, X; Lv, H; Zhang, Z; Zhou, J, 2019)		0.51

Bioavailability

Berberine (BBR) and Betulinic acid (BA) are poorly soluble in aqueous buffers. Their bioavailability and bio-distribution are insufficient in terms of medical applications.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Efforts towards developing orally bioavailable HIV-1 maturation inhibitors starting from betulinic acid 1 are described."( Triterpene based compounds with potent anti-maturation activity against HIV-1.
Anderson, MB; Arranz-Plaza, E; Austin, H; Baichwal, V; Carlson, R; Garrus, JE; Gerrish, D; Kim, IC; Kumar, DV; McKinnon, RS; Saunders, M; Yager, KM, 2008)		0.35
" These results indicate that BA decreased blood pressure and improved ACh-induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in L-NAME-induced hypertension rats, which may be mediated by reducing oxidative stress and retaining the bioavailability of NO in the cardiovascular system."( Betulinic acid ameliorates endothelium-dependent relaxation in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by reducing oxidative stress.
Fu, JY; Liang, HT; Lu, HT; Lu, JF; Qian, LB; Tan, YN; Wang, HP; Xia, Q; Zhu, LG, 2011)		0.37
"Within the range from 75-125 mg x L(-1), the absorption rate and the quality concentration of betulic acid had a linear relation, with Ka value keeping unchanged."( [Study on absorption kinetics of betulic acid in rat's intestines].
Du, Y; Ge, Y; Li, T; Ren, X; Wang, H; Xu, H; Zhang, L, 2012)		0.38
"Betulic acid is proved to be well absorbed in intestines marked by no specific absorption site in the intestine."( [Study on absorption kinetics of betulic acid in rat's intestines].
Du, Y; Ge, Y; Li, T; Ren, X; Wang, H; Xu, H; Zhang, L, 2012)		0.38
"The poor bioavailability of Berberine (BBR) and Betulinic acid (BA) limits the development of these promising anticancer agents for clinical use."( Approaches to improve the oral bioavailability and effects of novel anticancer drugs berberine and betulinic acid.
Doddapaneni, R; Godugu, C; Patel, AR; Singh, M; Somagoni, J, 2014)		0.4
" The oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of SD formulations were studied in Sprague Dawley rats."( Approaches to improve the oral bioavailability and effects of novel anticancer drugs berberine and betulinic acid.
Doddapaneni, R; Godugu, C; Patel, AR; Singh, M; Somagoni, J, 2014)		0.4
"Due to significant increase in oral bioavailability and superior anticancer effects, our results suggest that spray drying is a superior alternative formulation approach for oral delivery of BBR and BA."( Approaches to improve the oral bioavailability and effects of novel anticancer drugs berberine and betulinic acid.
Doddapaneni, R; Godugu, C; Patel, AR; Singh, M; Somagoni, J, 2014)		0.4
"We isolated a triterpenoid from an ethanolic extract of Phytolacca decandra and nanoencapsulated it with biodegradable nontoxic polymers of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) to examine if the nanoform of this hitherto unexplored betulinic-acid derivative (NdBA) could produce a stronger anticancer effect by rendering better drug bioavailability and targeted delivery than the nonencapsulated betulinic-acid derivative (dBA)."( Strong anticancer potential of nano-triterpenoid from Phytolacca decandra against A549 adenocarcinoma via a Ca(2+)-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
Das, J; Das, S; Khuda-Bukhsh, AR; Paul, A; Samadder, A, 2014)		0.4
"Bioactive compounds such as ω-3 fatty acids and terpenes, have been associated with beneficial health effects; however, their solubility in the gastrointestinal tract and its bioavailability in the body are low."( Preparation of betulinic acid nanoemulsions stabilized by ω-3 enriched phosphatidylcholine.
Beristain, CI; Cavazos-Garduño, A; García, HS; Martínez-Sanchez, CE; Ochoa Flores, AA; Serrano-Niño, JC, 2015)		0.42
" Unfortunately both betulinic acid and its metabolic precursor, betulin, are very poorly soluble in aqueous buffers, thus their bioavailability and bio-distribution are insufficient in terms of medical applications."( The new esters derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid in epidermoid squamous carcinoma treatment - In vitro studies.
Borska, S; Choromańska, A; Drąg, M; Drąg-Zalesińska, M; Kulbacka, J; Poręba, M; Saczko, J; Wysocka, T, 2015)		0.42
" However, the poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its pharmaceutical effect."( Antitumor drug effect of betulinic acid mediated by polyethylene glycol modified liposomes.
Dai, K; Gao, D; Ji, B; Liu, Y; Liu, Z; Luo, L; Wang, Q; Zhang, X, 2016)		0.43
" However, the limited solubility and poor bioavailability of triterpene sapogenins restrict their therapeutic application."( Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
Li, X; Liu, K; Na, H; Wang, C; Zou, C, 2016)		0.43
" Nanotechnology can enhance solubility, stability, bioavailability and phytochemical delivery, improving the therapeutic efficiency of triterpenes."( Potential use of nanocarriers with pentacyclic triterpenes in cancer treatments.
Günther, G; Morales, J; Rodríguez, L; Valdés, K, 2016)		0.43
" The only orally bioavailable drug miltefosine is toxic and the effective liposomal Amphotericin B (AmBisome) is limited by its prohibitive cost and requirement for parenteral administration."( Lactoferrin-modified Betulinic Acid-loaded PLGA nanoparticles are strong anti-leishmanials.
Das, S; Halder, A; Mukherjee, A; Roy, P; Saha, B; Shukla, D, 2018)		0.48
"A series of new betulinic and ursolic acid conjugates with a lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cation, meant to enhance the bioavailability and mitochondriotropic action of natural triterpenes, have been synthesized."( Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
Bel'skii, YP; Gogvadze, V; Gubaidullin, RR; Khazanov, VA; Manuylova, AV; Maximchik, PV; Nedopekina, DA; Odinokov, VN; Spivak, AY; Zhivotovsky, B, 2017)		0.46
" Despite impressive biological applications, low aqueous solubility and bioavailability create difficulties for its therapeutic applications."( Nanoencapsulated betulinic acid analogue distinctively improves colorectal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
Chowdhury, C; Debnath, MC; Dutta, D; Mondal, L; Mukherjee, B; Paul, B; Sen, S, 2019)		0.51
"To evaluate the effect of particle size on the cellular internalization, tissue distribution, and bioavailability of betulinic acid nanosuspensions (BA/NSs) and further investigate the combined effect of BA/NSs and Taxol® on breast cancer, BA/NSs with different particle sizes (160 nm, 400 nm, and 700 nm) were prepared by an efficient universal green technology."( Impacts of particle size on the cytotoxicity, cellular internalization, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of betulinic acid nanosuspensions in combined chemotherapy.
Jia, X; Li, J; Li, W; Wang, H; Wang, R; Wang, X, 2020)		0.56
" The bioavailability of 29 was significantly improved in comparison with its aglycon."( Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of saponin derivatives of δ-oleanolic acid.
Chen, C; Cheng, K; Dai, L; Hu, K; Li, H; Liu, L; Sun, H; Wen, X; Xu, Q; Yuan, H, 2021)		0.62
" However, its poor water solubility and bioavailability have limited its application."( Research on the synthesis of nanoparticles of betulinic acid and their targeting antitumor activity.
Chen, X; Gong, F; Liu, T; Lu, S; Sui, X; Wang, T, 2022)		0.72
" Due to the low bioavailability and water insolubility of BA, a previous study found a series of BA-derivative compounds by microbial transformation."( Cardiac Protection of a Novel Lupane-Type Triterpenoid from Injuries Induced by Hypoxia-Reperfusion.
Cao, J; Chen, G; Guo, B; Liu, Y; Qian, Y; Wang, Y; Zhu, W, 2022)		0.72

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" berghei) the top dosage employed of 250 mg/kg/day was ineffective at reducing parasitaemia and exhibited some toxicity."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of betulinic acid as an antimalarial.
Kirby, GC; Simmonds, MS; Steele, JC; Warhurst, DC, 1999)		0.3
" No significant differences were observed between the SCE and EtOAc extracts for these measures, but the animals dosed with SCE extract had significantly more unprotected head dips than those dosed with the EtOAc extract."( Anxiolytic activity of a supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Souroubea sympetala (Marcgraviaceae).
Ahmed, F; Arnason, JT; Baker, J; Cayer, C; Durst, T; Garcia, M; Goulah, A; Kramp, K; McRae, C; Merali, Z; Mullally, M; Otorola, M; Poveda, L; Saleem, A; Sanchez, P; Trudeau, VL, 2011)		0.37
" Administration of BA or BT significantly decreased CYP2E1 activities and expression of SREBP-1caused by ethanol, however, lower dosage of BA or BT showed slight effects on CYP2E1 activity or expression of SREBP-1c."( Betulinic acid and betulin ameliorate acute ethanol-induced fatty liver via TLR4 and STAT3 in vivo and in vitro.
Bai, T; Cui, PH; Jiang, S; Jin, XJ; Lian, LH; Nan, JX; Sun, XT; Wan, Y; Wu, YL, 2013)		0.39
"0 mg/kg) daily for 14 days, and induced liver injury by feeding 50% alcohol orally at the dosage of 10 ml/kg after 1 h last administration of BA."( Betulinic acid prevents alcohol-induced liver damage by improving the antioxidant system in mice.
Fang, J; Tan, Z; Tu, D; Wu, J; Xia, W; Yi, J; Yuan, L, 2014)		0.4
"0mg/kg) daily for 14 days, and induced oxidative stress by giving a single dose of Dex intraperitoneal at the dosage of 25mg/kg body weight 8h after the last administration of BA."( In vivo protective effect of betulinic acid on dexamethasone induced thymocyte apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress.
Jiang, W; Tan, Z; Wu, J; Xia, W; Xiang, S; Yi, J; Zhu, L; Zhu, R, 2016)		0.43
" Our results showed that BA significantly inhibited the viability and migratory ability of PDAC cells under a relatively low dosage without affecting normal pancreatic cells."( Betulinic Acid Affects the Energy-Related Proteomic Profiling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells.
Chang, HY; Chiu, CF; Huang, CY; Huang, SY; Kuo, TT; Lee, HC; Mau, CZ, 2021)		0.62
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (6)

RoleDescription
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitorA topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (also known as topoisomerase II and as DNA gyrase), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands.
anti-HIV agentAn antiviral agent that destroys or inhibits the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus.
antimalarialA drug used in the treatment of malaria. Antimalarials are usually classified on the basis of their action against Plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human.
anti-inflammatory agentAny compound that has anti-inflammatory effects.
antineoplastic agentA substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
plant metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
pentacyclic triterpenoid
hydroxy monocarboxylic acidAny monocarboxylic acid which also contains a separate (alcoholic or phenolic) hydroxy substituent.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (2)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
betulinate biosynthesis16
CAMKK2 pathway011

Protein Targets (37)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.73370.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.07953.548119.542744.6684AID743266
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.16230.022421.010289.1251AID485314
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.92000.004611.374133.4983AID624296
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.30960.025911.239831.6228AID602313
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency100.00003.981146.7448112.2020AID720708
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.20000.620016.325590.4600AID2006; AID2018
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.20000.620016.325590.4600AID2006; AID2018
SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.20000.620016.325590.4600AID2006; AID2018
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.00000.00101.94459.6000AID697009
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle formOryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC50 (µMol)42.91450.01405.93249.0000AID1798302; AID404873; AID603224
Pancreatic alpha-amylaseSus scrofa (pig)IC50 (µMol)200.00001.35304.31088.9300AID1465050
Protein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)150.00000.00010.554210.0000AID333024
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)41.18331.40006.56679.0000AID328030; AID328031; AID356610
DNA polymerase betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)10.25003.70006.20008.5000AID376699; AID376700
Zinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)32.00000.62002.54507.1000AID351770; AID389502
Botulinum neurotoxin type A Clostridium botulinumIC50 (µMol)20.00000.50003.16927.2000AID590854
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.00000.00101.191310.0000AID697010
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.50000.00053.49849.7600AID1755200
5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)7.28000.05002.24118.2000AID1889898
Protein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)150.00000.00010.802910.0000AID333025
Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)10.00000.00011.89818.8000AID1398545
5'-nucleotidaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)68.79000.04003.10004.6300AID1889899
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1IC50 (µMol)219.00000.00010.22487.3200AID198242
Non-structural protein 1 Dengue virusIC50 (µMol)1.70000.04101.32592.3000AID1599325
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
AlbuminHomo sapiens (human)Kd2.13100.08933.31358.0000AID1238540; AID1238541; AID1238544
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)EC50 (µMol)100.00000.00031.654210.0000AID1180479
Oxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)50.00000.00010.40077.3000AID403100
Oxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)50.00000.00010.63026.7100AID403099
Env polyprotein Human immunodeficiency virus 1EC50 (µMol)100.00000.01010.18870.5420AID1161581
G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)1.04000.02372.52598.9000AID444761
Egl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)50.00006.11006.11006.1100AID1612308
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
interferon gamma precursorHomo sapiens (human)AC5028.44500.128015.173038.6100AID1259418; AID1259420
Oxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)LC5025.00000.02500.75751.4900AID403097
Oxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)LC5025.00000.03500.14250.2500AID403095
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (313)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
retinoid metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
farnesol catabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification of aldehydeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarizationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ion starvationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxificationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
transportAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin remodelingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transportProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular calcium ion homeostasisProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic nuclear membrane disassemblyProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to glucoseProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose transmembrane transportProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transportProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic processProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin DProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of growthProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
B cell activationProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing toothProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein transportProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
post-translational protein modificationProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathwayProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to carbohydrate stimulusProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosisProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-serine phosphorylationProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap fillingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-templated DNA replicationDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA repairDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
base-excision repairDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
base-excision repair, gap-fillingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine dimer repairDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
salivary gland morphogenesisDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
lymph node developmentDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
spleen developmentDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
homeostasis of number of cellsDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to hyperoxiaDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombinationDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA biosynthetic processDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joiningDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
osteoblast differentiationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
smoothened signaling pathwayZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
spermatid developmentZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
ventral midline developmentZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of smoothened signaling pathwayZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
response to woundingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal cell differentiationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
dorsal/ventral pattern formationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
proximal/distal pattern formationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellar cortex morphogenesisZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
pituitary gland developmentZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
lung developmentZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
prostate gland developmentZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of osteoblast differentiationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replicationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathwayZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
digestive tract morphogenesisZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
notochord regressionZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathwayZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
liver regenerationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transitionZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte proliferationZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
retinoid metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell maturationAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
renal water homeostasisAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of urine volumeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
fructose biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular hyperosmotic salinity responseAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric collecting duct developmentAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosisTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular protein transportTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to unfolded proteinTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recyclingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor catabolic processTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA metabolic process5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte cell-cell adhesion5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to ATP5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
ADP catabolic process5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
ATP metabolic process5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
adenosine biosynthetic process5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion homeostasis5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
inhibition of non-skeletal tissue mineralization5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
AMP catabolic process5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic processOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid storageOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol storageOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transportOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol transportOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodelingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasisOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic processOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pinocytosisOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activityOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein metabolic processOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assemblyOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of pancreatic juice secretionOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of secretion of lysosomal enzymesOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stressOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
macrophage activation involved in immune responseProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell migrationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast migrationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-serine phosphorylationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
insulin secretionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of actin filament polymerizationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein ubiquitinationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate adhesionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergicProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytokinesisProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory exploration behaviorProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
TRAM-dependent toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathwayProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosisProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
response to morphineProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid catabolic processProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cell divisionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
establishment of localization in cellProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, GABAergicProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulusProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
mucus secretionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mucus secretionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ethanolProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulusProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of wound healingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membraneProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular glucuronidationProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-8 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of amyloid-beta formationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
liver developmentTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
hair follicle developmentTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to tumor cellTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
acetaldehyde metabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin organizationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular defense responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
animal organ morphogenesisTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to UV-BTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesisTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to muramyl dipeptideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to progesteroneTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-12 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-8 productionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein sumoylationTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cobalaminTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to muscle stretchTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
prolactin signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein catabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to amino acidTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IITranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cAMPTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipoteichoic acidTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to peptidoglycanTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nicotineTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-1Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-6Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
antiviral innate immune responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to angiotensinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cellTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA metabolic processTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to stressTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic processOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol storageOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transportOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol transportOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transporter activityOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to progesteroneOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodelingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage activationOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic cell clearanceOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic processOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic processOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pinocytosisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responseOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activityOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein metabolic processOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sterol homeostasisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
triglyceride homeostasisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pancreatic juice secretionOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of secretion of lysosomal enzymesOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stressOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface bile acid receptor signaling pathwayG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to bile acidG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholangiocyte proliferationG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bicellular tight junction assemblyG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-ion regulated exocytosisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of exocytosisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle cycleRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell growthProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline hydroxylation to 4-hydroxy-L-prolineProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathwayProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuron apoptotic processProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
cell redox homeostasisProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein catabolic processProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular iron ion homeostasisEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular oxygen homeostasisEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of angiogenesisEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesisEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
heart trabecula formationEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular septum morphogenesisEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
labyrinthine layer developmentEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to nitric oxideEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of modification of postsynaptic structureEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapseEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline hydroxylation to 4-hydroxy-L-prolineEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
protein hydroxylationProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferationProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuron apoptotic processProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline hydroxylation to 4-hydroxy-L-prolineProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of erythrocyte differentiationTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline hydroxylation to 4-hydroxy-L-prolineTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (112)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
retinal dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
geranylgeranyl reductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
indanol dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
toxic substance bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
antioxidant activityAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
exogenous protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
enterobactin bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
calcium channel regulator activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor coactivator activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
histone H3T6 kinase activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
histone bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear androgen receptor bindingProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
damaged DNA bindingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-directed DNA polymerase activityDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activityDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule bindingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
lyase activityDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activityDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activityDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
protein transmembrane transporter activityBotulinum neurotoxin type A Clostridium botulinum
retinal dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
glyceraldehyde oxidoreductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
L-glucuronate reductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide binding5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
5'-deoxynucleotidase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein binding5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
5'-nucleotidase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
thymidylate 5'-phosphatase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
IMP 5'-nucleotidase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
GMP 5'-nucleotidase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
XMP 5'-nucleosidase activity5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I receptor bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear retinoid X receptor bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
ATPase bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
actin monomer bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
diacylglycerol-dependent, calcium-independent serine/threonine kinase activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme activator activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor activator activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
ethanol bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin DNA bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
peptide bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
phosphate ion bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
actinin bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
ankyrin repeat bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sterol response element bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid receptor activityG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled bile acid receptor activityG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein-macromolecule adaptor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen sensor activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline 4-dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid bindingEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline dioxygenase activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline 4-dioxygenase activityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-proline 4-dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase activityProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activityTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid bindingTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase activityTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activityTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (52)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
extracellular regionAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule lumenAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
centrosomeProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
brush border membraneProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
calyx of HeldProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic cytosolProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
spectrinProtein kinase C beta typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
spindle microtubuleDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusDNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
axonemeZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
ciliary tipZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
ciliary baseZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
GLI-SUFU complexZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusZinc finger protein GLI1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial cristaTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
sorting endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosol5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
membrane5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome5'-nucleotidaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)
nucleusOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusOxysterols receptor LXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
intermediate filament cytoskeletonProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
synapseProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
cell peripheryProtein kinase C epsilon typeHomo sapiens (human)
nucleolusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB p50/p65 complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
NF-kappaB complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTranscription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusOxysterols receptor LXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complexG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneG-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProlyl hydroxylase EGLN2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic densityEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmEgl nine homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusProlyl hydroxylase EGLN3Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTransmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (1172)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID588519A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities2011Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3
High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1745855NCATS anti-infectives library activity on the primary C. elegans qHTS viability assay2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID1745854NCATS anti-infectives library activity on HEK293 viability as a counter-qHTS vs the C. elegans viability qHTS2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID1347411qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347392qHTS for activators of dead-cell proteases activity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347391qHTS for activators of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347348OV-SAHO Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347370qHTS for ATAD5 Antagonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347400Viability qHTS for inhibitors of the SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347347UWB1.289 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347375qHTS for Hypoxia signaling pathway (HIF-1) agonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347377DH5-alpha competent E. coli microbial cell viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347358HPAF-II 12hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347390Secretion counterscreen for inhibitors of the SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID134737610-beta competent E. coli microbial cell viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347359HEK293 24hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347365SDT Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347345OV-KATE Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347379qHTS for Inflammasome Signaling Inhibitors: IL-1-beta AlphaLISA screen against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347352COV-362 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347350SW1088 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347363Firefly luciferase counterscreen qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347372qHTS for Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) Antagonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347380qHTS for Antimalaria activity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347349Panc-1005 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347387Cytotoxicity qHTS for assessment of Hepg2 cells membrane integrity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347393qHTS for inhibitors of ER calcium dysfunction: SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347402qHTS for inhibitors of Rabies Virus screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347381Inflammasome Signaling qHTS Counterscreen: IL-1-beta AlphaLISA counterscreen against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347389qHTS assay for small molecule disruptors of mitochondrial membrane potential screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347361HEK293 12hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347353A2780 Cisplatin Sensitive Ovarian Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347374qHTS for Hypoxia signaling pathway (HIF-1) antagonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347367qHTS for ATAD5 Agonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347401Redox Reaction Profiling qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347371J3T Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347360HPAF-II 18hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347355HEK-293 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347378qHTS for H2AX Agonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347160Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347396qHTS for inhibitors of Wild type Zika virus screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347368G06 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347366KB-3-1 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347346HPAF-II Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347356HPAF-II 24hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347369MCF7 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347394Vero-766 cells viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library: Counterscreen for Zika virus inhibition assay2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347373qHTS for Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) Agonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347364KB-8-5-11 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347362Diaphorse counterscreen qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347388qHTS for Activators of p53 Stress Response Pathway screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347354UWB1.289-WTBRCA1 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347351U-118MG Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347357HEK293 18hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID470942Growth inhibition of human SNB19 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1201839Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human PC3 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1603450Antiproliferative activity against human DLD1 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 5 to 80 ug/ml incubated for 48 to 72 hrs by MTT assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID590854Inhibition of Clostridium BoNT/A protease light chain2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 21, Issue:8
Synthesis and evaluation of library of betulin derivatives against the botulinum neurotoxin A protease.
AID1673138Inhibition of colony formation in human MCF7 cells at 10 to 40 uM of compound exposure followed by compound washout and subsequent incubation for 3 weeks by crystal violet staining based assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1756078Antibiofilm activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID1756068Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID353201Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID1578452Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID1263094Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced toxicity at 250 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID1603475Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as late apoptotic cell level at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 5.11%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID468103Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 200 uM treated 2 hr after viral adsorption measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID417592Toxicity in sheep erythrocytes assessed as induction of hemolysis2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID458968Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani infected golden hamster assessed as reduction of parasite burden at 10 mg/kg after 6 weeks2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4
Synthesis and anti-leishmanial activity of heterocyclic betulin derivatives.
AID470670Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 3 days by XTT assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID494362Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID1490867Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1652036Inhibition of PLCgamma2 in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as reduction in calcium influx at 10 uM after 3 days by Fluo-3/AM staining based confocal microscopic analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID470960Growth inhibition of human SKOV3 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID387220Cytotoxicity against human HBL100 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID502417Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID747088Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID691425Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Zizimauritic acids A-C, three novel nortriterpenes from Ziziphus mauritiana.
AID444763Agonist activity at human FXR expressed in COS1 cells by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Structure-activity relationship study of betulinic acid, a novel and selective TGR5 agonist, and its synthetic derivatives: potential impact in diabetes.
AID459423Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID475426Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID144121Tested for cytotoxicity against mouse immortalized fibroblast NIH3T3 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1503260Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated fro 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of hederagenin-bistriazolyl derivatives.
AID1430195Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID393221Cytotoxicity against human WS1 cells after 48 hrs by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID283803Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2007Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 70, Issue:4
Triterpenoid pyrazines and benzopyrazines with cytotoxic activity.
AID1431437Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID1292208Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID1485417Growth inhibition of human A549 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID398517Cytotoxicity against human HOG.R5 cells2003Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2
Natural anti-HIV agents. Part IV. Anti-HIV constituents from Vatica cinerea.
AID1603452Inhibition of colony formation of human SW480 cells assessed as reduction in clonogenic ability at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 10 to 14 days by crystal violet staining based assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID342751Cytotoxicity against mouse B16 cells2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID1504268Cytotoxic activity in human KB cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1406737Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID470939Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID333023Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay1994Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids.
AID377098Cytotoxicity against human Hep G2 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay2005Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2
Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds.
AID1430198Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID94825Tested for cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia K562 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID470667Inhibition of topoisomerase 1 catalytic activity assessed as relaxation of supercoiled plasmid DNA at 100 uM after 30 mins by agarose gel electrophoresis2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID494355Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID1201827Induction of apoptosis in human MCF7 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 80 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.84%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID354466Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human CEM-SS cells to IC50 for HIV1 3B2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID1201817Cytotoxicity against human T47D cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1543903Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID1673133Antiproliferative activity against human KB-VIN cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID747078Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID232987The compound was tested for its apoptotic activity; DNA migration observed as a smear in the lane1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14
Synthesis and evaluation of potential complement inhibitory semisynthetic analogs of oleanolic acid.
AID735839Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs at 20 ug/ml2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Antioxidant lignans and chromone glycosides from Eurya japonica.
AID1273895Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID1504300Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human KB cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1263086Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced progressive condensation at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by phase-contrast microscopic analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID771078Therapeutic index, ratio of IC50 for pig PEK cells to EC50 for vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana infected in pig PEK cells2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis, transformation and biological evaluation of 2,3-secotriterpene acetylhydrazones and their derivatives.
AID1603479Antitumor activity against human HCT116 cells xenografted in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in Ki-67 positive cells in tumor at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by immunohis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID389509Effect on Hh/GLI-mediated transcription in human PANC1 assessed as decrease in PCTH protein expression by Western blot2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID468093Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells after 14 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID735840Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity by ELISA2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Antioxidant lignans and chromone glycosides from Eurya japonica.
AID1439494Nematocidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 129Medicinal plants used as anthelmintics: Ethnomedical, pharmacological, and phytochemical studies.
AID1485418Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID1422361Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID470936Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1503264Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated fro 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of hederagenin-bistriazolyl derivatives.
AID1756066Antibiofilm activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID470941Growth inhibition of human SF539 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID468096Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells assessed as cell viability at 500 uM after 24 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID437578Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell survival at 100 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID1292209Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID1398542Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID470970Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID664934Cytotoxicity against human CCRF-CEM cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Cytotoxic heterocyclic triterpenoids derived from betulin and betulinic acid.
AID393224Cell membrane permeabilization in human WS1 cells assessed as drug level causing decrease in calcein fluorescence2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID433120Cytotoxicity against daunorubicin-resistant human EPP85-181RDB cells after 24 hrs by SRB method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID475188Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1728066Activation of AMPK in human Huh-7 cells assessed as increase in AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172 residue at 10 uM measured after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of saponin derivatives of δ-oleanolic acid.
AID475422Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID354462Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID1628356Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID1446276Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID371944Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA induction at 1000 molar ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID1305431Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of peptide-R32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID328036Effect on DNA polymerase beta expression in human A549 cells at 3 uM after 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8
Inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta: activity and mechanism.
AID1603465Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as viable cell level at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 81.8%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1504287Antiproliferative activity in human SiHa cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID391574Antiproliferative activity against mouse +SA mammary epithelial cells after 4 days by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 71, Issue:10
Antiproliferative triterpenes from Melaleuca ericifolia.
AID482901Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID81587Inhibitory activity against HIV-1-induced syncytia determined by fusion assay1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 39, Issue:5
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID1503263Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated fro 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of hederagenin-bistriazolyl derivatives.
AID459431Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1238522Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase at 37.5 to 150 ug/ml by Roche colorimetric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID470971Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID246296Concentration required to inhibit 50% of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus-1) replication2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-06, Volume: 14, Issue:23
3-O-Glutaryl-dihydrobetulin and related monoacyl derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID1424331Cytotoxicity in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment.
AID492518Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 4 days by coulter counter2010Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3
Discovery and development of natural product-derived chemotherapeutic agents based on a medicinal chemistry approach.
AID1239044Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID1847423Inhibition of RANKL/M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 10 uM measured for 4 days by TRAP staining based assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-23, Volume: 64, Issue:18
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-17-Amino-Substituted Pyrazole-Fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Agents for Osteoarthritis Treatment.
AID458967Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani amastigotes2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4
Synthesis and anti-leishmanial activity of heterocyclic betulin derivatives.
AID1628355Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID475427Cytotoxicity against human Liposarcoma cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1490872Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as live cells at cytotoxic IC50 after 24 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry (Rvb = 96.02%)2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID484829Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID735306Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6 mouse BMDCs assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated IL-12p40 production treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured 18 hrs post stimulation by ELISA2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Diarylheptanoids and flavonoids from viscum album inhibit LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.
AID311138Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei bloodstream trypomastigotes by alamar blue assay2007Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8
Antitrypanosomal activity of triterpenoids and sterols from the leaves of Strychnos spinosa and related compounds.
AID492519Therapeutic index, ratio of IC50 for human H9 cells to EC50 for HIV12010Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3
Discovery and development of natural product-derived chemotherapeutic agents based on a medicinal chemistry approach.
AID482925Cytotoxicity against human fibroblast after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1364707Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth by SRB assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID468100Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 50 uM treated 2 hr after viral adsorption measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID470959Growth inhibition of human NCI/ADR-RES cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1652034Inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as reduction in TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts after 4 days by TRAP staining based assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID423009Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins.
AID380131Cytotoxicity against human Col2 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1485432Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human FR2 cells to IC50 for human MIAPaCa2 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID437576Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell survival at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID380141Cytotoxicity against human MEL1 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID86528Tested for cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID354456Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HOG.R5 cells to IC50 for HIV1 3B2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID221344Tested for cytotoxicity against human normal lymphocytes2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1273899Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID327070Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID1543901Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID228882Ratio of IC50 against L132 Lung tumor cell line to IC50 of human endothelial ECV304 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Synthesis of 3-O-acyl/3-benzylidene/3-hydrazone/3-hydrazine/17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1229544Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID482923Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human SW480 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID470962Growth inhibition of human A498 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID79295Anti-HIV activity against acutely infected H9 lymphocytes. Activity expressed as concentration of compound able to suppress HIV replication by 50%.1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 41, Issue:23
Anti-AIDS agents. 34. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of betulin derivatives as anti-HIV agents.
AID1603449Antiproliferative activity against human SW480 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 5 to 80 ug/ml incubated for 48 to 72 hrs by MTT assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1578451Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID423007Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins.
AID470948Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-435 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID327061Cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse 3T3 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID1743477Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID246970Cytotoxic activity against human A549 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID502420Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR-3 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID770938Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at IC80 by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID482915Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human DLD1 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1180481Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-glucosidase2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Bioactive diterpenoids and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis.
AID1337345Aqueous solubility of the compound at 100 ug/ml incubated for 1 hr2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-29, Volume: 124Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pentacyclic triterpene α-cyclodextrin conjugates as HCV entry inhibitors.
AID1603448Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation at 5 to 80 ug/ml incubated for 48 to 72 hrs by MTT assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1263090Inhibition of cisplatin-induced ERK phosphorylation in pig LLC-PK1 cells at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by western blot analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID484831Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID470669Antiproliferative activity against human SW948 cells after 3 days by XTT assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1273897Cytotoxicity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID387223Cytotoxicity against human K-562 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1603456Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as increase in Bax protein expression incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1652047Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced beta3-integrin mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID433124Induction of apoptosis in human EPP85-181P cells assessed as cell accumulation at apoptotic phase after 24 hrs by comet assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID1490874Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at cytotoxic IC50 after 24 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry (Rvb = 1.02%)2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1305427Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID1756071Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli DSM 8579 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 40 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID470949Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-2 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID502416Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID333025Inhibition of PKC epsilon1994Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids.
AID334273Induction of melanogenesis in mouse B16 2F2 cells assessed as intracellular melanin content after 3 days2002Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 65, Issue:5
Differentiation- and apoptosis-inducing activities by pentacyclic triterpenes on a mouse melanoma cell line.
AID1201816Cytotoxicity against mouse 4T1 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1201844Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human MCF7 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID101940Tested for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID747086Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1180480Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector assessed as fold activation after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Bioactive diterpenoids and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis.
AID1431435Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID482903Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1398545Inhibition of biotinylated consensus sequence binding to NF-kB p65 in human HeLa nuclear extracts after 3 hrs by ELISA2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID486645Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID297146Inhibition of SARS coronavirus-induced cytopathogenicity in Vero E6 cells at 10 uM2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1361177Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID494364Induction of apoptosis in human HT-29 cells assessed as DNA fragmentation at IC90 concentration after 24 hrs using ethidium bromide staining by DNA gel electrophoresis2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID402593Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID1430193Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID467874Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 rings after 48 hrs by FACS analysis2009Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 72, Issue:12
Bioactive constituents of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri.
AID1416550Cell cycle arrest in human HCT116 cells assessed as accumulation at sub-G1 phase by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric method (Rvb = 0.8%)2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID1503261Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated fro 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of hederagenin-bistriazolyl derivatives.
AID494361Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID433125Induction of apoptosis in human EPP85-181P cells assessed as normal cells after 24 hrs by comet assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID1756062Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 50071 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID1652061Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as increase in trabecular number in proximal femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by micro-CT analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID479074Inhibition of NFkappa p50 isolated from nuclear extract of human HeLa cells assessed as blockade of binding to biotinylated consesus sequence by chemiluminescence assay2010Journal of natural products, May-28, Volume: 73, Issue:5
Cytotoxic and NF-kappaB inhibitory constituents of Artocarpus rigida.
AID1055286Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID437575Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell survival at 5 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID1628351Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID333020Therapeutic index, IC50 for human H9 cells to EC50 for HIV1 3B1994Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids.
AID327065Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID403015Induction of quinone reductase2005Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 68, Issue:7
Limnophilaspiroketone, a highly oxygenated phenolic derivative from Limnophila geoffrayi.
AID1616193Cytotoxicity against mouse Ehrlich carcinoma cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID1229538Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID389505Cytotoxicity against mouse C3H10T1/2 cells after 24 hrs by fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID470956Growth inhibition of human OVCAR4 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID664366Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells at 100 uM after 8 hrs by MTT assay2012Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4
Bryonolic acid transcriptional control of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant genes in macrophages in vitro and in vivo.
AID1238533Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to IC50 for HSV-2 1862015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID747058Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1504284Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human KB cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1416544Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as PARP cleavage at 20 uM by Western blot analysis2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID417597Cytotoxicity against human WS1 cells by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID1272456Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID1055288Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID39731Tested for cytotoxicity against mouse melanoma B16 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1889899Inhibition of mouse CD73 assessed as reduction in inorganic phosphate release upon substrate hydrolysis using AMP/ATP as substrate incubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured after 2 hrs by malachite green reagent based colorimetric ass2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 59Discovery and optimization of betulinic acid derivatives as novel potent CD73 inhibitors.
AID1239046Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID1265354Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 106Betulinic acid derived hydroxamates and betulin derived carbamates are interesting scaffolds for the synthesis of novel cytotoxic compounds.
AID1172695Cytotoxicity against human KB cells2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 24, Issue:22
Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of novel ester-triazole-linked triterpenoid-AZT conjugates.
AID1263088Renoprotective activity against cisplatin induced toxicity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in apoptotic cells at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs annexin-V-FITC and propidium iodide staining based flow cy2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID1504264Cytotoxic activity in human SiHa cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID470975Growth inhibition of human BT549 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID736132Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4.3 infected in 293T cells assessed as spherical core at 5 ug/ml after 2 days by electron microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID79307Compound was evaluated for cytotoxicity in H9 lymphocytes1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-19, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Anti-AIDS agents. 32. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of betulin derivatives.
AID1652059Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as reduction in bone loss in proximal femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by micro-CT analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1500868Inhibition of recombinant human CETP after 3 hrs using fluorescent cholesteryl containing HDL after 3 hrs by fluorescence assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Discovery of pentacyclic triterpene 3β-ester derivatives as a new class of cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors.
AID470677Growth inhibition of human SR cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1485424Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID380132Cytotoxicity against human KB cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID95149Tested for cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia K562-GEM cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1446281Cytotoxicity against human HL-7702 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID1416549Induction of apoptosis in human Tet21N cells assessed as caspase-3 cleavage using DEVD-AMC as substrate by fluorescence assay2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID482910Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human Liposarcoma cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1229549Induction of apoptosis in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as necrotic cells at 2 uM after 45 hrs by annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 9%)2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1603466Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as early apoptotic cell level at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 1.84%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID46938Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID770947Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at subG1 phase at IC80 after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (2.73 +/- 0.49%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID376703Inhibition of rat DNA polymerase beta at 50 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID736005Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Quantitative purity-activity relationships of natural products: the case of anti-tuberculosis active triterpenes from Oplopanax horridus.
AID1652040Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced c-Fos protein expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID449887Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID470671Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 3 days by MTT assay2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID100399Tested for cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer LNCaP cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1201840Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human DU145 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1490870Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MRC5 cells to IC50 for human A375 cells2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1401981Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 7 days by microplate alamar blue assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of triterpeni≿ A-ring azepanes.
AID1416545Induction of apoptosis in human RKO cells assessed as PARP cleavage at 50 uM by Western blot analysis2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID380142Cytotoxicity against human MEL2 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID338355Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 5000 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID354463Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID1055291Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID1247579Antiviral activity against HCV psuedoparticles infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of virus entry at 10 uM using Bright Glo reagent after 72 hrs by Luciferase reporter gene assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-18, Volume: 102Synthesis and biological evaluation of ring A and/or C expansion and opening echinocystic acid derivatives for anti-HCV entry inhibitors.
AID470945Growth inhibition of human LOXIMVI cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID727452Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID459422Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID470937Growth inhibition of human KM12 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID378626Cytotoxicity against human Mel1 cells2000Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12
Microbial transformations of the antimelanoma agent betulinic acid.
AID1430197Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID1364711Cytotoxicity in rat C6 cells assessed as cell viability at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to untreated control2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID770940Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at IC80 after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (26 +/- 1.1%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1364712Anti-inflammatory in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production pre-incubated before LPS challenge for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID470925Growth inhibition of human HOP62 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID444761Agonist activity at TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by CRE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Structure-activity relationship study of betulinic acid, a novel and selective TGR5 agonist, and its synthetic derivatives: potential impact in diabetes.
AID470972Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1756074Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 50071 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID1201842Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for mouse 4T1 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID747084Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID417593Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID470675Growth inhibition of human MOLT4 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1292214Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID736136Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MAGIC-5B cells to IC50 for HIV1 NL4.32013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID459429Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID23573Water solubility of the compound1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-19, Volume: 9, Issue:8
Preparation of amino acid conjugates of betulinic acid with activity against human melanoma.
AID770945Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at S phase at IC80 after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (20.2 +/- 0.81%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID747077Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID342729Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID1273896Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID484830Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1315161Induction of shape change of actin cytoskeleton in human non-diabetic primary fibroblasts at 10 nM after 2 hrs by rhodamine phalloidin-staining based fluorescence microscopic analysis2016Journal of natural products, Apr-22, Volume: 79, Issue:4
Influence of Birch Bark Triterpenes on Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts from Diabetic and Nondiabetic Donors.
AID437581Increase in glycogen synthesis in human HepG2 cells assessed as incorporation of [14C]glucose in to cellular glycogen pools at 10 uM after 60 mins in presence of 33 mM glucose2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID735305Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6 mouse BMDCs at 2 to 50 microM by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Diarylheptanoids and flavonoids from viscum album inhibit LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.
AID214409Tested for cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma U87MG cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID482918Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human A431 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID402594Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID1418488Inhibition of LPS binding to TLR4 in IFNgamma-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in nitric oxide production at 25 to 100 uM pretreated for 2 hrs followed by LPS/IFNgamma stimulation and measured after 24 hrs2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 12-01, Volume: 28, Issue:22
Sentulic acid isolated from Sandoricum koetjape Merr attenuates lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma co-stimulated nitric oxide production in murine macrophage RAW264 cells.
AID1263091Inhibition of cisplatin-induced p38 phosphorylation in pig LLC-PK1 cells at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by western blot analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID727450Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID1201822Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 50 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.59%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID228883Ratio of IC50 against PA-1 ovary tumor cell line to IC50 of human endothelial ECV304 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Synthesis of 3-O-acyl/3-benzylidene/3-hydrazone/3-hydrazine/17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID464582Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 20, Issue:6
Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic triterpenoids from the trunk of Berberis koreana.
AID475194Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID387224Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH3T3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1756079Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 50071 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID770957Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1416542Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in human HCT116 cells at 1 to 2 uM after 24 hrs in presence of oligomycin/CCCP/rotenone/antimycin2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID747065Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1504293Antiproliferative activity in African green monkey Vero cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1603489Induction of ROS generation in human HCT116 cells at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based FCM analysis (Rvb = 4.44%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID747079Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID393218Toxicity in sheep erythrocytes assessed as induction of hemolysis2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID328033Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 1 hr by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8
Inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta: activity and mechanism.
AID1504277Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human KB cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1229539Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR3 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID378287Cytotoxicity against mock-infected human H9 cells2000Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12
Anti-AIDS agents 38. Anti-HIV activity of 3-O-acyl ursolic acid derivatives.
AID464579Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 20, Issue:6
Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic triterpenoids from the trunk of Berberis koreana.
AID1504267Cytotoxic activity in human DU145 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID515965Cytotoxicity against human liposarcoma cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID515952Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID475425Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID727453Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID1504288Antiproliferative activity in human MCF7 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID515959Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID459421Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID515953Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID645241Cytotoxicity against monkey MA104 cells after 24 hrs2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Novel triacsin C analogs as potential antivirals against rotavirus infections.
AID515956Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID353207Induction of apoptosis in human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as increase in caspase activation at 50 uM after 8 hrs by homogenous assay relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID1889898Inhibition of human CD73 assessed as reduction in inorganic phosphate release upon substrate hydrolysis using AMP/ATP as substrate incubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured after 2 hrs by malachite green reagent based colorimetric ass2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 59Discovery and optimization of betulinic acid derivatives as novel potent CD73 inhibitors.
AID475189Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID342730Cytotoxicity against human sCa9-22 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID515958Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID494360Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID747062Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID40023Tested for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer BT549 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID515963Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID1603478Antitumor activity against human HCT116 cells xenografted in BALB/c mouse assessed as inhibition of tumor growth at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID603224Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase A assessed as release of phosphate from glucose-1-phosphate after 25 mins by microplate reader based method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Identification of pentacyclic triterpenes derivatives as potent inhibitors against glycogen phosphorylase based on 3D-QSAR studies.
AID379802Cytotoxicity against human MEL7 cells1999Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 62, Issue:5
Glucosidation of betulinic acid by Cunninghamella species.
AID402985Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID468101Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 200 uM treated during time of viral adsorption for 1 hr measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID482908Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID389508Decrease in GLI1 protein expression in human HaCaT cells by Western blot2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID468095Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells assessed as cell viability at 50 uM after 24 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID475192Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1485427Cytotoxicity against human FR2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID45257Tested for cytotoxicity against human colon cancer Caco-2 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID449883Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1055289Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID1504304Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for HEK293 cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human MCF7 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID468104Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as surviving virus fraction at 50 uM after 14 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay in presence of 50 ug/ml guanosine2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID342728Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID402986Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID459428Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID8880Tested for cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1543914Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells to EC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID1570139Anticancer activity against human A2780 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID467873Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus minor by agar well diffusion method2009Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 72, Issue:12
Bioactive constituents of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri.
AID470966Growth inhibition of human SN12C cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID459432Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID470935Growth inhibition of human HCT15 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID433121Cytotoxicity against human EPG85-257P cells after 24 hrs by SRB method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID376701Cytotoxicity against mouse P388D1 cells at 10 uM after 6 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID402592Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID1292210Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID393220Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 48 hrs by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID229587Ratio of maximum nontoxic concentration (MNTC) against Influenza virus A to that of effective concentration (EC50)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 13, Issue:20
Lupane triterpenes and derivatives with antiviral activity.
AID1628357Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID297148Inhibition of SARS virus-induced cytopathogenicity in Vero E6 cells at 1 uM2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1603482Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as induction of alterations in liver at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by hematoxylin and eosin staining 2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID79291Compound was evaluated for anti-HIV activity in H9 lymphocytes1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-19, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Anti-AIDS agents. 32. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of betulin derivatives.
AID393223Cell membrane permeabilization in human DLD1 cells assessed as drug level causing decrease in calcein fluorescence2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID1238530Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by Alamar Blue assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID353196Antiproliferative activity against human A375 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID1603459Induction of ROS generation in human HCT116 cells at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based FCM analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID402790Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID1465051Inhibition of yeast alpha-glucosidase using 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22
Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID470965Growth inhibition of human RFX393 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1431434Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID713894Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 49Recent advances in antitubercular natural products.
AID482905Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1603467Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as late apoptotic cell level at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 5.11%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1603472Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as necrotic cell level at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 4.9%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID378288Therapeutic index, IC50 for human T-lymphoid H9 cells to EC50 for HIV1 3B isolate2000Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12
Anti-AIDS agents 38. Anti-HIV activity of 3-O-acyl ursolic acid derivatives.
AID482912Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human HCT116 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID354464Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM-SS cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by MTS assay2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID145572Tested for cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID246972Cytotoxic activity against human PA-1 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID736131Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4.3 infected in 293T cells assessed as acentric core at 5 ug/ml after 2 days by electron microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID470934Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1238540Binding affinity to human serum albumin with excitation at 285 nm after 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometric analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID464580Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 20, Issue:6
Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic triterpenoids from the trunk of Berberis koreana.
AID1607865Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 179Human disorders associated with inflammation and the evolving role of natural products to overcome.
AID402979Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1504307Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for HEK293 cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human KB cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID201789Cytotoxic activity towards M2 cells (SK-MEL-2)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-06, Volume: 13, Issue:19
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of A-ring modified betulinic acid derivatives.
AID727448Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID402982Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID691426Antifungal activity against Candida albicans2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Zizimauritic acids A-C, three novel nortriterpenes from Ziziphus mauritiana.
AID1416539Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability by trypan blue test2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID389506Effect on Hh/GLI-mediated transcription in human HaCaT cells assessed as reduction of PTCH protein expression by Western blot2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID1296095Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS expression measured as remaining protein levels at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Betulin Derivatives Effectively Suppress Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo.
AID1485420Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID357254Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 900282002Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12
Fatty acid synthase inhibitors from plants: isolation, structure elucidation, and SAR studies.
AID46634Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-VCR 1/F3 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID380133Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KB cells in presence of vinblastine2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1504263Cytotoxic activity in human HeLa cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1370898Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
AID470976Growth inhibition of human T47D cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1652038Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced c-Fos mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID486644Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID1543906Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID297151Selectivity index, Ratio of CC50 for Vero E6 cells to EC50 for SARS coronavirus2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1504296Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human SiHa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1743473Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID378286Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B isolate replication in human H9 cells assessed as decrease in viral p24 level after 4 days2000Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12
Anti-AIDS agents 38. Anti-HIV activity of 3-O-acyl ursolic acid derivatives.
AID1543902Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID403095Displacement of [3H2]F3-methyl AA from human recombinant LXRalpha expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID95147Tested for cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia K562-CdA cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1298837Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID95148Tested for cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia K562-FLU D-CEM cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1603455Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in Bcl2 protein expression incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1543912Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for cytotoxicity against human FADU cells to EC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID214258Tested for cytotoxicity against human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1485423Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID377097Cytotoxicity against human VA13 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay2005Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2
Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds.
AID328031Inhibition of polymerase activity of DNA polymerase beta2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8
Inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta: activity and mechanism.
AID747057Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID449884Cytotoxicity against human MIAPaCa2 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1485428Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human FR2 cells to IC50 for human A549 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID1305426Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID297149Antiviral activity against SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by ELISA2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID380134Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KB cells in absence of vinblastine2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1401982Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra by microplate alamar blue assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of triterpeni≿ A-ring azepanes.
AID402591Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID1201843Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human T47D cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID515961Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID771080Antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana infected in pig PEK cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication after 48 hrs by MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis, transformation and biological evaluation of 2,3-secotriterpene acetylhydrazones and their derivatives.
AID228876Endothelial cell specificity of compound was determined as cytotoxicity on human tumor cell line A549 to that of endothelial cell2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID338356Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 1000 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID770943Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at subG1 phase at IC80 after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (3.23 +/- 0.25%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID470964Growth inhibition of human Caki1 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1273892Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID1504294Antiproliferative activity in HEK293 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1055290Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID228877Endothelial cell specificity of compound was determined as cytotoxicity on human tumor cell line DU145 to that of endothelial cell2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1430194Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID1229541Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID470963Growth inhibition of human ACHN cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1446872Inhibition of recombinant HIV-1 group M subtype B RT-RNase H activity expressed in Escherichia coli M15 using 18-nucleotide 3'-fluorescein-labeled RNA annealed to a complementary 18-nucleotide 5'-dabsyl-labeled DNA as substrate measured after 1 hr2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Natural product-inspired esters and amides of ferulic and caffeic acid as dual inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1265355Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 106Betulinic acid derived hydroxamates and betulin derived carbamates are interesting scaffolds for the synthesis of novel cytotoxic compounds.
AID1490871Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MRC5 cells to IC50 for human A549 cells2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1666863Inhibition of swarming motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa HONKR at 16 ug/mL incubated for 16 to 20 hrs relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 28, Issue:5
Optimized plant compound with potent anti-biofilm activity across gram-negative species.
AID459426Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID470943Growth inhibition of human SNB75 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1490875Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as necrotic cells at cytotoxic IC50 after 24 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry (Rvb = 0.71%)2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID327068Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID327067Cytotoxicity against human HT29 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID338352Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation at 100 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID1370897Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
AID470674Growth inhibition of human K562 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID371945Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA induction at 500 molar ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID333024Inhibition of PKC beta21994Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids.
AID1263084Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced toxicity at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID297145Inhibition of SARS coronavirus-induced cytopathogenicity in Vero E6 cells at 20 uM2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1570136Anticancer activity against human 518A2 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID467871Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas agarici by agar well diffusion method2009Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 72, Issue:12
Bioactive constituents of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri.
AID475421Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1272460Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID515964Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID1504290Antiproliferative activity in human DU145 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1652043Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced OC-STAMP mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID95146Tested for cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia K562-ARA-C cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID354459Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID1201846Antimetastatic activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells at 10 to 50 uM after 12 hrs by transwell assay relative to control2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1673131Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID470958Growth inhibition of human OVCAR8 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID470954Growth inhibition of human IGROV1 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1543904Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID475191Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID404873Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase A assessed as phosphate release from glucose-1-phosphate2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase: synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and X-ray crystallographic studies.
AID1570137Anticancer activity against human 8505C cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID1504272Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human HeLa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1616202Antitumor activity against human 518A2 cells by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID482916Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human A2780 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID433123Aqueous solubility in DMSO solution at 1 mg2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID1603457Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as increase in cleaved capse-3 protein level incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID229586Ratio of maximum nontoxic concentration (MNTC) against HSV-1 to that of effective concentration (EC50)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 13, Issue:20
Lupane triterpenes and derivatives with antiviral activity.
AID389507Effect on Hh/GLI-mediated transcription in human HaCaT cells assessed as reduction of BCL2 protein expression by Western blot2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID1603484Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as induction of alterations in lung at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by hematoxylin and eosin staining b2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID402984Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1603490Induction of ROS generation in human HCT116 cells at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based FCM analysis (Rvb = 4.44%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1201820Cytotoxicity against HAF assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID40923Tested for cytotoxicity against mouse melanoma B16F cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1504266Cytotoxic activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID486643Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID351770Inhibition of Gli1-mediated transcription expressed in human PANC1 cells2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13
Hedgehog-Gli signaling pathway inhibitors as anticancer agents.
AID246989Cytotoxic activity against human CEM.CM3 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID468092Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as surviving virus fraction at 50 uM after 14 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID433122Cytotoxicity against daunorubicin-resistant human EPG85-257RDB cells after 24 hrs by SRB method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID95520Cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth (KB) cell line.1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-07, Volume: 8, Issue:13
Synthesis of betulinic acid derivatives with activity against human melanoma.
AID470926Growth inhibition of human HOP92 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1652041Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced NFATc1 protein expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID770936Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at IC80 by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID45014Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-DNR 1/C2 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1504275Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human MDA-MB-231 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1265356Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 106Betulinic acid derived hydroxamates and betulin derived carbamates are interesting scaffolds for the synthesis of novel cytotoxic compounds.
AID85726Antiviral activity against HSV-1 determined by inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (CPE) in rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 13, Issue:20
Lupane triterpenes and derivatives with antiviral activity.
AID1424330Cytotoxicity in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment.
AID747081Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1327078Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as reduction in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced cell death after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Journal of natural products, 08-26, Volume: 79, Issue:8
Chemical Constituents Isolated from the Root Bark of Cudrania tricuspidata and Their Potential Neuroprotective Effects.
AID1628352Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID1603491Induction of ROS generation in human HCT116 cells at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by DCFH-DA staining based FCM analysis (Rvb = 4.44%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID735838Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as cell viability at 20 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Antioxidant lignans and chromone glycosides from Eurya japonica.
AID470952Growth inhibition of human UACC257 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID697009Inhibition of reductase activity of N-terminal 6His-tagged human AKR1B10 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as pyridine-3-aldehyde reduction2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Selective inhibition of the tumor marker aldo-keto reductase family member 1B10 by oleanolic acid.
AID46635Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-VCR bulk cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1296096Antiinflammatory activity against mouse J774 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced COX-2 expression measured as remaining protein levels at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Betulin Derivatives Effectively Suppress Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo.
AID1201811Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1298840Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID459427Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1315160Induction of shape change of actin cytoskeleton in human diabetic primary fibroblasts at 10 nM after 2 hrs by rhodamine phalloidin-staining based fluorescence microscopic analysis2016Journal of natural products, Apr-22, Volume: 79, Issue:4
Influence of Birch Bark Triterpenes on Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts from Diabetic and Nondiabetic Donors.
AID1603485Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as induction of alterations in kidney at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by hematoxylin and eosin staining2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID417594Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID439730Selectivity index, ratio of TC50 for human TZM-b1 cells to IC50 for HIV2 KR X3 infected in human TZM-b1 cells2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23
Betulinic acid derivatives as human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) inhibitors.
AID1239045Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID353200Antiproliferative activity against human LN229 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID202807Cytotoxicity of compound against SK-MEL-2 using SRB assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1439495Antihelmintic activity against Trichostrongylus colubriformis2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 129Medicinal plants used as anthelmintics: Ethnomedical, pharmacological, and phytochemical studies.
AID106316Tested for cytotoxicity against human melanoma MEL-3 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1422362Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID1504291Antiproliferative activity in human KB cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1570144Anticancer activity against human SW1736 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID306337Cytotoxicity against mouse C6 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 17-carboxylic acid modified 23-hydroxy betulinic acid ester derivatives.
AID1603480Antitumor activity against human HCT116 cells xenografted in BALB/c mouse assessed as reduction in MMP2 positive cells in tumor at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by immunohist2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1238519Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in human Jurkat cells assessed as ratio MTT activity to reverse transcriptase activity with compound/reverse transcriptase activity with DMSO at 5 ug/ml after 72 hrs (Rvb = 0.795 No_unit)2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1305424Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID1401983Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 after 5 days by microplate alamar blue assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of triterpeni≿ A-ring azepanes.
AID1263093Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced toxicity preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID376700Inhibition of rat DNA polymerase beta in absence of BSA1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID356610Inhibition of DNA polymerase beta lyase activity by deoxyribose phosphate excision assay2003Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 66, Issue:11
A new acylated oleanane triterpenoid from Couepia polyandra that inhibits the lyase activity of DNA polymerase beta.
AID1398543Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-435 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID1305430Therapeutic index, ratio of HC50 for human erythrocytes to MIC for Bacillus subtilis ATCC 66332016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID482913Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human HCT8 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1406739Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID470927Growth inhibition of human NCI-H226 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID467872Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis by agar well diffusion method2009Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 72, Issue:12
Bioactive constituents of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri.
AID201545Tested for cytotoxicity against human rhabdomyosarcoma Saos2 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID328039Inhibition of bleomycin-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in human A549 cells at 3 uM2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8
Inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta: activity and mechanism.
AID437577Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell survival at 20 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID1422358Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID248082Concentration required to produce 50% toxicity against mock-infected H9 cells2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-06, Volume: 14, Issue:23
3-O-Glutaryl-dihydrobetulin and related monoacyl derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID470924Growth inhibition of human EKVX cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID492517Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human H9 cells after 4 days by p24 antigen ELISA2010Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3
Discovery and development of natural product-derived chemotherapeutic agents based on a medicinal chemistry approach.
AID354457Cytotoxicity against human CEM-SS cells after 6 days by MTS assay2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID1485422Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID1070017Inhibition of rat intestinal sucrase using p-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside as substrate at 1 mM incubated for 10 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Rat intestinal sucrase inhibition of constituents from the roots of Rosa rugosa Thunb.
AID470672Growth inhibition of human CCRF-CEM cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID235012In vitro therapeutic index was determined. (Therapeutic index = IC50 cytotoxicity/IC50 complement inhibition)1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14
Synthesis and evaluation of potential complement inhibitory semisynthetic analogs of oleanolic acid.
AID354461Cytotoxicity against human KB cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID328030Inhibition of lyase activity of DNA polymerase beta2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8
Inhibitors of DNA polymerase beta: activity and mechanism.
AID468099Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 50 uM treated 1 hr after viral adsorption measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID470933Growth inhibition of human HCC2998 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID379799Cytotoxicity against human MEL1 cells1999Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 62, Issue:5
Glucosidation of betulinic acid by Cunninghamella species.
AID1485429Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human FR2 cells to IC50 for human PC3 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID515955Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID1756072Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli DSM 8579 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 80 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID1504270Cytotoxic activity in African green monkey Vero cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1756067Antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 50071 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID747064Cytotoxicity against human SF295 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1370896Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human erythrocytes
AID228880Ratio of IC50 against DU145 prostate tumor cell line to IC50 of human endothelial ECV304 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Synthesis of 3-O-acyl/3-benzylidene/3-hydrazone/3-hydrazine/17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1570138Anticancer activity against human A253 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID470974Growth inhibition of human MDA-N cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID371946Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA induction at 100 molar ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID770954Cytotoxicity against human CCD-18Co cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID337068Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells2003Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3
New cytotoxic lupane triterpenoids from the twigs of Coussarea paniculata.
AID1889903Cytotoxicity against human MIA PaCa-2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 59Discovery and optimization of betulinic acid derivatives as novel potent CD73 inhibitors.
AID1229546Induction of reactive oxygen species generation in mouse NIH/3T3 cells at 2 uM after 36 hrs by DCFDA dye-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID353197Antiproliferative activity against human DaOY cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID482919Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human A253 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1272457Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID1578450Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID1664594Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 cells in nutrient-deprived medium2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 30, Issue:16
Chemical constituents of Callistemon citrinus from Egypt and their antiausterity activity against PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line.
AID402983Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID770929Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as early apoptosis and secondary necrosis at IC80 after 48 hrs by annexin V-FITC staining-based flow cytometric analysis relative to control2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID486642Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells after 72 hrs by XTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID423010Cytotoxicity against human WS1 cells after 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins.
AID492522Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by p24 antigen ELISA2010Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3
Discovery and development of natural product-derived chemotherapeutic agents based on a medicinal chemistry approach.
AID1296094Antiinflammatory activity in mouse J774 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production measured as remaining nitric oxide levels at 10 uM by Griess assay2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Betulin Derivatives Effectively Suppress Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo.
AID1599325Inhibition of dengue virus NS5 RNA dependent RNA polymerase2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 176Recent update on anti-dengue drug discovery.
AID771076Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs ny MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis, transformation and biological evaluation of 2,3-secotriterpene acetylhydrazones and their derivatives.
AID202817Cytotoxicity of compound against human melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-2) using MTT assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID492523Therapeutic index, ratio of IC50 for human H9 cells to EC50 for HIV 3B2010Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3
Discovery and development of natural product-derived chemotherapeutic agents based on a medicinal chemistry approach.
AID1273894Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID306335Cytotoxicity against human SF763 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 17-carboxylic acid modified 23-hydroxy betulinic acid ester derivatives.
AID403100Agonist activity at human recombinant LXRbeta expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells assessed as association of recombinant SRC1 to LXRbeta ligand binding domain by HTRF assay2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID376702Potentiation of 75 nM bleomycin induced cytotoxicity in mouse P388D1 cells at 10 uM assessed as cell viability after 6 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID449885Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by XTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID403099Agonist activity at human recombinant LXRalpha expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells assessed as association of recombinant SRC1 to LXRalpha ligand binding domain by HTRF assay2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID727451Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID402589Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID1361181Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID391032Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 after 7 days by microplate Alamar blue assay2008Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 71, Issue:10
Purity-activity relationships of natural products: the case of anti-TB active ursolic acid.
AID1603473Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as viable cell level at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 81.8%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1603477Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as effect on body weight at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1055287Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID338353Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation at 10 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID246971Cytotoxic activity against human L132 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1616192Cytotoxicity against mouse P815 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID1201841Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human MDA-MB-231 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID228879Endothelial cell specificity of compound was determined as cytotoxicity on human tumor cell line PA-1 to that of endothelial cell2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1364713Cytotoxicity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as cell viability at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to untreated control2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID736133Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4.3 infected in 293T cells assessed as aberrant core at 5 ug/ml after 2 days by electron microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID1756084Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli DSM 8579 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 80 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID1504303Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for HEK293 cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human SiHa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID338350Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation at 5000 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID1543915Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells to EC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID470967Growth inhibition of human TK10 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1504286Antiproliferative activity in human HeLa cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID515957Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID747075Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID470940Growth inhibition of human SF295 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1573776Antimalarial activity against ring stage Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in type A-positive human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1 dye-based fluorescence assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis of new betulinic acid/betulin-derived dimers and hybrids with potent antimalarial and antiviral activities.
AID486641Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID727449Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID214582Cytotoxicity of compound against human melanoma cell lines (UACC-257) using MTT assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID449889Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID417595Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID439731Selectivity index, ratio of TC50 for human TZM-b1 cells to IC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human TZM-b1 cells2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23
Betulinic acid derivatives as human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) inhibitors.
AID706256Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human TZM-bl cells assessed as reduction of viral entry after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-27, Volume: 55, Issue:18
Anti-AIDS agents 90. novel C-28 modified bevirimat analogues as potent HIV maturation inhibitors.
AID1305429Therapeutic index, ratio of HC50 for human erythrocytes to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 259232016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID402590Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID747063Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1446279Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID770953Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1578455Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID1272458Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID1504292Antiproliferative activity in human Hep2 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID482904Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID80527Cytotoxicity of compound against human colon carcinoma (HCT116) using MTT assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1889904Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 59Discovery and optimization of betulinic acid derivatives as novel potent CD73 inhibitors.
AID1570142Anticancer activity against human HT-29 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID423006Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins.
AID470961Growth inhibition of human 786-0 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID494356Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID1229543Cytotoxicity against CHO cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1603458Induction of mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human HCT116 cells at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by RH123.dye based FCM analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID403097Displacement of [3H2]F3-methyl AA from human recombinant LXRbeta expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID1603454Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID449882Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1652049Inhibition of IKappaB phosphorylation in RANKL-induced ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages at 10 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by RANKL-stimulation and measured after 5 to 30 mins by Western blot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1756061Antibiofilm activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID306333Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 17-carboxylic acid modified 23-hydroxy betulinic acid ester derivatives.
AID357255Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 901132002Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12
Fatty acid synthase inhibitors from plants: isolation, structure elucidation, and SAR studies.
AID1180479Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay2014Journal of natural products, Jul-25, Volume: 77, Issue:7
Bioactive diterpenoids and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis.
AID67264Cytotoxic activity against ECV304 (human endothelial) cell line.2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Synthesis of 3-O-acyl/3-benzylidene/3-hydrazone/3-hydrazine/17-carboxyacryloyl ester derivatives of betulinic acid as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID470969Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID459424Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID515951Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID90585The compound was tested in vitro for its inhibition of the classical pathway activation of human complement1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14
Synthesis and evaluation of potential complement inhibitory semisynthetic analogs of oleanolic acid.
AID1603451Inhibition of colony formation of human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in clonogenic ability at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 10 to 14 days by crystal violet staining based assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1168660Antiviral activity against Dengue virus assessed as inhibition of viral replication2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 87A perspective on targeting non-structural proteins to combat neglected tropical diseases: Dengue, West Nile and Chikungunya viruses.
AID502421Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID1431438Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID444762Agonist activity at TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by CRE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay relative to litocholic acid2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Structure-activity relationship study of betulinic acid, a novel and selective TGR5 agonist, and its synthetic derivatives: potential impact in diabetes.
AID380136Cytotoxicity against human SW626 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1398546Inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential in human HT-29 cells after 3 hrs by JC-1 staining based fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID1229537Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1201838Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human HT-29 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID459419Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1263092Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as inhibition of cisplatin-induced cleaved caspase-3 expression at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by western blot analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID470955Growth inhibition of human OVCAR-3 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID482924Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human SW1736 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1605516Inhibition of PDE4 (unknown origin)2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6
Discovery and Optimization of α-Mangostin Derivatives as Novel PDE4 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Vascular Dementia.
AID1603462Inhibition of cell motility associated protein expression in in human DLD1 cells assessed as effect on MMP2 expression at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1406735Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID1504282Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human MDA-MB-231 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1328431Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016Journal of natural products, 09-23, Volume: 79, Issue:9
Cytotoxic Ceanothane- and Lupane-Type Triterpenoids from the Roots of Ziziphus jujuba.
AID1055284Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70Esters and amides of maslinic acid trigger apoptosis in human tumor cells and alter their mode of action with respect to the substitution pattern at C-28.
AID770944Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G2/M phase at IC80 after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (24.9 +/- 1.46%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1229547Induction of apoptosis in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 2 uM after 45 hrs by annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.1%)2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1398541Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID747072Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1485426Cytotoxicity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID1361178Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID770946Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at IC80 after 24 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (49.5 +/- 2.51%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1543905Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID735308Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6 mouse BMDCs assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha production treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured 18 hrs post stimulation by ELISA2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Diarylheptanoids and flavonoids from viscum album inhibit LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.
AID727457Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID1603464Inhibition of cell motility associated protein expression in in human DLD1 cells assessed as effect on TIMP2 expression at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1172696Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 24, Issue:22
Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of novel ester-triazole-linked triterpenoid-AZT conjugates.
AID515960Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID1298839Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID671761Inhibition of SARS coronavirus nsP13 helicase activity expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta assessed inhibition of DNA unwinding activity at 10 uM by FRET assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12
Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13.
AID736134Inhibition of HIV1 NL4.3 CA-SP1 cleavage infected in 293T cells after 2 days by Western blot analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID45015Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-DNR bulk cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID470676Growth inhibition of human RPMI8226 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1298841Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID475190Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID588212Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1743476Cytotoxicity against human FaDu cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID1361182Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID244675Therapeutic index expressed as ratio of IC50 for 50% toxicity to EC50 for 50% inhibition2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-06, Volume: 14, Issue:23
3-O-Glutaryl-dihydrobetulin and related monoacyl derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID1673134Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1603460Inhibition of cell migration in human DLD1 cells at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by Transwell migration assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1504274Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human MCF7 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID747073Cytotoxicity against human SF295 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1446280Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID1364706Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth by SRB assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID377095Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay2005Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2
Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds.
AID1616203Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID1652062Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as increase in bone volume per tissue volume in proximal femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by micro-CT analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID470929Growth inhibition of human NCI-H322M cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID228878Endothelial cell specificity of compound was determined as cytotoxicity on human tumor cell line L132 to that of endothelial cell2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1361179Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID770930Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as early apoptosis and secondary necrosis at IC80 after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC staining-based flow cytometric analysis relative to control2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID106299Cytotoxicity against cultured human melanoma (MEL-2) cell line.1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-07, Volume: 8, Issue:13
Synthesis of betulinic acid derivatives with activity against human melanoma.
AID1652055Inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages harboring constitutively active IKKbeta assessed as reduction in TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts at 10 uM after 3 days by TRAP staining based assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1238532Cytotoxicity against African green monkey RC-37 cells assessed as cell viability after 3 days by neutral red uptake assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1570141Anticancer activity against human DLD1 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID470951Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-5 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1229542Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1578453Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID449880Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID747070Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID727454Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID770935Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as chromatin condensation at IC80 after 24 hrs by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1416547Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as release of cytochrome C from mitochondria at 3.5 uM by SDS/PAGE analysis2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID1847425Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured for 96 hrs by MTT assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-23, Volume: 64, Issue:18
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-17-Amino-Substituted Pyrazole-Fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Agents for Osteoarthritis Treatment.
AID1465050Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase using starch as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 10 mins by dinitrosalicylic acid reagent based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22
Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID387221Cytotoxicity against human MIA PaCa2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1504281Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human MCF7 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID437579Induction of AMPK phosphorylation in human HepG2 cells at 10 uM by Western blot analysis in presence of 33 mM glucose2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID697852Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID235238Therapeutic index was evaluated as ratio of IC50 to that of EC501998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-19, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Anti-AIDS agents. 32. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of betulin derivatives.
AID1436859Inhibition of LPS-induced tissue factor procoagulant activity in human THP1 cells preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS addition measured after 5 hrs using factor 10a chromogenic substrate in presence of prothrombin complex2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Microbial hydroxylation and glycosylation of pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors on tissue factor procoagulant activity.
AID1265357Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 106Betulinic acid derived hydroxamates and betulin derived carbamates are interesting scaffolds for the synthesis of novel cytotoxic compounds.
AID334272Growth inhibition of mouse B16 2F2 cells after 3 days2002Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 65, Issue:5
Differentiation- and apoptosis-inducing activities by pentacyclic triterpenes on a mouse melanoma cell line.
AID371952Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 10 molar ratio after 48 hrs by trypan blue staining method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID393219Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID402783Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR-3 cells assessed as cell survival after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID470928Growth inhibition of human NCI-H23 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID387217Cytotoxicity against human PA-1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID727458Solubility of the compound in water/DMSO mixture2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID1265353Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 106Betulinic acid derived hydroxamates and betulin derived carbamates are interesting scaffolds for the synthesis of novel cytotoxic compounds.
AID333022Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days1994Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 57, Issue:2
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids.
AID1430196Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID1570143Anticancer activity against human MCF7 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID470950Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-28 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID475423Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1229540Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell killing effect after 72 hrs by MTT assay2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID470946Growth inhibition of human MALME-3M cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1239043Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID1603488Induction of mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human HCT116 cells at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by RH123.dye based FCM analysis (Rvb = 6.37%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1272459Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID482917Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human A549 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1503262Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated fro 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of hederagenin-bistriazolyl derivatives.
AID470957Growth inhibition of human OVCAR5 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID470932Growth inhibition of human COLO205 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1578454Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 96 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Design, synthesis and cytotoxicity of BODIPY FL labelled triterpenoids.
AID747068Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID383183Inhibition of Saccharomyces sp. alpha-glucosidase2008Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 71, Issue:5
alpha-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of triterpenoids from Cichorium intybus.
AID1431432Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID747080Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID78942Inhibitory activity against HIV-1 replication in mock infected H9 cells1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 39, Issue:5
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID691422Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Zizimauritic acids A-C, three novel nortriterpenes from Ziziphus mauritiana.
AID1756063Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID423008Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponins.
AID1889901Induction of anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies-stimulated CD4-positive Th cell activation in C57BL/6J mouse assessed as reversal of AMP/EHNA-inhibited IFN-gamma production at 10 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by AMP/EHNA addition and measured after 96 hrs by2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 59Discovery and optimization of betulinic acid derivatives as novel potent CD73 inhibitors.
AID342727Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID1603471Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as late apoptotic cell level at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 5.11%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1673144Inhibition of topoisomerase 1 in human MCF7 cells nuclear extract assessed as decrease in relaxation/nicking of supercoiled DNA using supercoiled DNA as substrate at 40 uM after 1 hr by ethidium bromide staining based agarose gel electrophoresis analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID342738Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID354460Cytotoxicity against human Col2 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID771077Cytotoxicity against human TE-32 cells after 72 hrs ny MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis, transformation and biological evaluation of 2,3-secotriterpene acetylhydrazones and their derivatives.
AID371949Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 1000 molar ratio after 48 hrs by trypan blue staining method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID379801Cytotoxicity against human MEL3 cells1999Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 62, Issue:5
Glucosidation of betulinic acid by Cunninghamella species.
AID1263085Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced cell shrank at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by phase-contrast microscopic analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID691423Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Zizimauritic acids A-C, three novel nortriterpenes from Ziziphus mauritiana.
AID402791Cytotoxicity against human FS5 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID1603470Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as early apoptotic cell level at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 1.84%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID356414Induction of NADPH:quinone reductase activity in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells assessed as drug level required to double specific enzyme activity2003Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 66, Issue:9
Constituents of the stem bark of Pongamia pinnata with the potential to induce quinone reductase.
AID1263089Inhibition of cisplatin-induced JNK phosphorylation in pig LLC-PK1 cells at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by western blot analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID1416546Induction of apoptosis in human SK-N-BE(2) cells assessed as PARP cleavage at 50 uM by Western blot analysis2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID770933Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as membrane blebbing at IC80 after 24 hrs by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID201653Compound was tested for its cytotoxicity against human malignant melanoma cell line SK-MEL1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-19, Volume: 9, Issue:14
Synthesis and evaluation of potential complement inhibitory semisynthetic analogs of oleanolic acid.
AID770958Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1431436Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID156642Cytotoxicity of compound against human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3) using SRB assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID475187Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1652045Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced ATP6v0d2 mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID439729Cytotoxicity against human TZM-b1 cells after 2 days2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23
Betulinic acid derivatives as human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) inhibitors.
AID747087Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID470931Growth inhibition of human NCI-H522 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID494357Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID470953Growth inhibition of human UACC62 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID470668Inhibition of topoisomerase 2 alpha catalytic activity assessed as decatenation of kinetoplast DNA at 100 uM after 15 mins by agarose gel electrophoresis2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID210596TI is the average of the IC50 to that of EC50 of compound1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 41, Issue:23
Anti-AIDS agents. 34. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of betulin derivatives as anti-HIV agents.
AID750462Antiviral activity against pseudo HCV infected in human 293T cells assessed as inhibition of HCV pseudo particles entry at 10 uM after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-13, Volume: 56, Issue:11
Development of oleanane-type triterpenes as a new class of HCV entry inhibitors.
AID1238536Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for African green monkey RC-37 cells to IC50 for HSV-1 KOS2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1416548Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as caspase-3 cleavage using DEVD-AMC as substrate by fluorescence assay2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID623339Induction of apoptosis in human M14 cells assessed as activation of caspase-3 at 50 uM after 8 to 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Triterpenoid constituents from the roots of Paeonia rockii ssp. rockii.
AID1296098Antiinflammatory activity against mouse J774 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced MCP-1 production measured as remaining MCP-1 levels at 10 uM after 24 hrs by ELISA2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Betulin Derivatives Effectively Suppress Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo.
AID327073Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv at 25 ug/ml2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID353198Antiproliferative activity against human OVCAR-3 cells after 120 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID747060Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID354455Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human HOG.R5 cells after 4 days2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID311143Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for mouse J774 cells to IC50 for Trypanosoma brucei brucei bloodstream trypomastigotes2007Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8
Antitrypanosomal activity of triterpenoids and sterols from the leaves of Strychnos spinosa and related compounds.
AID371950Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 500 molar ratio after 48 hrs by trypan blue staining method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID468097Antiviral activity against Sindbis virus infected in BHK cells assessed as inhibition of RNA synthesis after 14 hrs by [3H]uridine incorporation assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID387219Cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID697853Inhibition of horse BChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID459433Cytotoxicity against human Liposarcoma cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1239040Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID1652050Inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in ICR mouse bone marrow harboring constitutively active AKT macrophages assessed as reduction in TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts at 10 uM after 3 days by TRAP staining based assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1652063Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as increase in trabecular bone in femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by H and E staining based light microscopic analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID433126Induction of apoptosis in human EPG85-257P cells assessed as cell accumulation at apoptotic phase after 24 hrs by comet assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID1603469Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as viable cell level at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 81.8%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID494358Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID468098Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 50 uM treated during time of viral adsorption for 1 hr measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID297150Cytotoxicity against Vero E6 cells by MTT assay2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1743472Cytotoxicity against human A-375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID515962Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID1543913Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells to EC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID502418Cytotoxicity against human DaOY cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID79309Anti-HIV activity against acutely infected H9 lymphocytes. Activity expressed as concentration of compound toxic to 50% of mock-infected H9 cells.1998Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 41, Issue:23
Anti-AIDS agents. 34. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of betulin derivatives as anti-HIV agents.
AID623340Induction of apoptosis in human M14 cells assessed as activation of caspase-3 at 50 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis presence of polycaspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Triterpenoid constituents from the roots of Paeonia rockii ssp. rockii.
AID377096Cytotoxicity against human WI 38 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay2005Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2
Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds.
AID354453Cytotoxicity against human HOG.R5 cells after 4 days2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID398516Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human HOG.R5 assessed as inhibition of viral replication by microtiter assay2003Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2
Natural anti-HIV agents. Part IV. Anti-HIV constituents from Vatica cinerea.
AID78783Toxic concentration on HIV-1 mock infected H9 lymphocyte cells1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 39, Issue:5
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID393222Cell membrane permeabilization in human A549 cells assessed as drug level causing decrease in calcein fluorescence2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity and membrane cell permeabilization of semi-synthetic and natural lupane- and oleanane-type saponins.
AID353199Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID83785Tested for cytotoxicity against human colon cancer HT-29 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID353195Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID1485421Growth inhibition of human MIAPaCa2 at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID437580Induction of GSK3-beta phosphorylation in human HepG2 cells at 10 uM by Western blot analysis in presence of 33 mM glucose2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID1272455Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID1406736Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID475193Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1504271Cytotoxic activity in HEK293 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1504289Antiproliferative activity in human MDA-MB-231 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1504280Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human SiHa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID482902Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1603468Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as necrotic cell level at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 4.9%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1847426Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells to IC50 for inhibition of RANKL/M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse RAW264.7 cells2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-23, Volume: 64, Issue:18
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-17-Amino-Substituted Pyrazole-Fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Agents for Osteoarthritis Treatment.
AID1446277Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID1273893Cytotoxicity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID297152Inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3CL protease2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1543916Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells to EC50 for cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Hederagenin amide derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents.
AID470968Growth inhibition of human UO31 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID770932Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as apoptotic bodies at IC80 after 24 hrs by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID588213Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1305432Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of peptide-R32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID747071Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1504302Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for HEK293 cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human HeLa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID297147Inhibition of SARS virus-induced cytopathogenicity in Vero E6 cells at 3.3 uM2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17
Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
AID1616200Antitumor activity against human A2780 cells by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID470947Growth inhibition of human M14 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID588211Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1603463Inhibition of cell motility associated protein expression in in human DLD1 cells assessed as effect on MMP9 expression at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by Western blot analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1500873Inhibition of recombinant human CETP at 10 uM using fluorescent cholesteryl containing HDL after 3 hrs by fluorescence assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Discovery of pentacyclic triterpene 3β-ester derivatives as a new class of cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors.
AID1295390Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 incubated under low oxygen conditions after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Antiplasmodial phloroglucinol derivatives from Syncarpia glomulifera.
AID1673150Inhibition of recombinant human topoisomerase-2alpha assessed as decrease in relaxation/nicking of kinetoplast DNA using kDNA as substrate at 100 uM after 15 mins by ethidium bromide staining based agarose gel electrophoresis analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1201814Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID306334Cytotoxicity against human BEL-7402 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 17-carboxylic acid modified 23-hydroxy betulinic acid ester derivatives.
AID376704Inhibition of rat DNA polymerase beta at 10 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID1628353Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID1603483Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as induction of alterations in spleen at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by hematoxylin and eosin staining2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID697011Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant AKR1B1 to IC50 for human AKR1B102011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Selective inhibition of the tumor marker aldo-keto reductase family member 1B10 by oleanolic acid.
AID1406738Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID380130Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1756080Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 8 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID246994Cytotoxic activity against human BRISTOL8 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID482920Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human 8505C cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID198242Inhibitory activity against HIV-RT1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 39, Issue:5
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents.
AID1490873Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at cytotoxic IC50 after 24 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining based flow cytometry (Rvb = 2.25%)2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1201845Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for HAF to IC50 for human HCT116 cells2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID470923Growth inhibition of human A549 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID46633Tested for cytotoxicity against human T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-VCR 1/D5 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID1238517Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in human Jurkat cells assessed as ratio MTT activity to reverse transcriptase activity with compound/reverse transcriptase activity with DMSO at 1 ug/ml after 72 hrs (Rvb = 0.356 No_unit)2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID67265Half-maximal cytotoxic concentration of compound against endothelial cell line ECV3042004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-03, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Betulinic acid and its derivatives as anti-angiogenic agents.
AID1446278Cytotoxicity against human ECA109 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms.
AID1504273Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human SiHa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID482906Cytotoxicity against human Liposarcoma cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID92316Antiviral activity against influenza A virus determined in chicken embryo cells (CEC) by plaque reduction assay method.2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-20, Volume: 13, Issue:20
Lupane triterpenes and derivatives with antiviral activity.
AID1361180Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 155Homopiperazine-rhodamine B adducts of triterpenoic acids are strong mitocans.
AID246973Cytotoxic activity against human U937 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID342726Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID1238544Binding affinity to human serum albumin with excitation at 285 nm by fluorescence emission spectroscopic analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1652044Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced DC-STAMP mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID470938Growth inhibition of human SW620 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1201826Induction of apoptosis in human MCF7 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 80 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.74%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID417596Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells by resazurin reduction test2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and haemolytic activity of chacotrioside lupane-type neosaponins and their germanicane-type rearrangement products.
AID1743475Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID747082Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID246979Cytotoxic activity against human DU145 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID494363Induction of apoptosis in human HT-29 cells at IC90 concentration after 48 hrs using annexin V and propidium iodide staining by FACS analysis relative to control2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID1490868Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID482909Cytotoxicity against human SW1736 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1238526Antiviral activity against HSV-1 KOS infected in African green monkey RC-37 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication incubated with virus for 1 hr followed by viral adsorbtion to cells for 1 hr measured after 3 days by plaque reduction assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID379800Cytotoxicity against human MEL2 cells1999Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 62, Issue:5
Glucosidation of betulinic acid by Cunninghamella species.
AID479075Inhibition of NFkappa p65 isolated from nuclear extract of human HeLa cells assessed as blockade of binding to biotinylated consesus sequence by chemiluminescence assay2010Journal of natural products, May-28, Volume: 73, Issue:5
Cytotoxic and NF-kappaB inhibitory constituents of Artocarpus rigida.
AID333229Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 by microplate Alamar blue assay2004Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 67, Issue:9
Constituents of Senecio chionophilus with potential antitubercular activity.
AID342725Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 71, Issue:8
Lupane-type triterpenoids from Microtropis fokienensis and Perrottetia arisanensis and the apoptotic effect of 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-30-al.
AID371947Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA induction at 10 molar ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID402785Cytotoxicity against human FS5 cells assessed as cell survival after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID1364708Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth by SRB assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID1603453Inhibition of colony formation of human DLD1 cells assessed as reduction in clonogenic ability at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 10 to 14 days by crystal violet staining based assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1229548Induction of apoptosis in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 2 uM after 45 hrs by annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 0.8%)2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1364709Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth by SRB assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID470973Growth inhibition of human Hs 578T cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID770934Induction of apoptosis in human A549 cells assessed as DNA fragmentation at IC80 after 24 hrs by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID747085Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1485431Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human FR2 cells to IC50 for human MCF7 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID645239Antiviral activity against Rotavirus SA11 in MA104 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 24 hrs by immunofluorescent assay and Western blotting analysis2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Novel triacsin C analogs as potential antivirals against rotavirus infections.
AID470944Growth inhibition of human U251 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1673145Inhibition of topoisomerase-2alpha in human MCF7 cells nuclear extract assessed as decrease in relaxation/nicking of kinetoplast DNA using kDNA as substrate at 40 uM after 15 mins by ethidium bromide staining based agarose gel electrophoresis analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1603487Induction of mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human HCT116 cells at 10 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by RH123.dye based FCM analysis (Rvb = 6.37%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID747089Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID338357Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 100 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID1616199Antitumor activity against human A549 cells by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID1603481Toxicity in BALB/c mouse xenografted with human HCT116 cells assessed as induction of alterations in heart at 10 to 20 mg/kg, ip dosed daily for 21 days starting from 1 day post implantation and measured every three days by hematoxylin and eosin staining 2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID484832Cytotoxicity against human A253 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID306336Cytotoxicity against mouse B16 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 17, Issue:5
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 17-carboxylic acid modified 23-hydroxy betulinic acid ester derivatives.
AID747067Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID770937Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at S phase at IC80 by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1652046Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced MMP9 mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID747061Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID623343Induction of apoptosis in human M14 cells assessed as increase in hypodiploid cells after 24 hrs using propidium iodide staining by flow cytometry2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Triterpenoid constituents from the roots of Paeonia rockii ssp. rockii.
AID1504269Cytotoxic activity in human Hep2 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1616201Antitumor activity against human 8505C cells by SRB assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design and synthesis of pentacyclic triterpene conjugates and their use in medicinal research.
AID464581Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 20, Issue:6
Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic triterpenoids from the trunk of Berberis koreana.
AID387222Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID55815Tested for cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer DU145 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID96049In vitro cytotoxicity (antitumor activity) against human epidermoid carcinoma of mouth cell line (KB)1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-19, Volume: 9, Issue:8
Preparation of amino acid conjugates of betulinic acid with activity against human melanoma.
AID494359Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8
Small structural changes of pentacyclic lupane type triterpenoid derivatives lead to significant differences in their anticancer properties.
AID671762Inhibition of HCV NS3 helicase overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as inhibition of DNA unwinding activity at 10 uM by FRET assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12
Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13.
AID1743474Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by SRB assay2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 207Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective.
AID246984Cytotoxic activity against human MOLT-4 cell line was measured after 72 hr using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID747056Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1422357Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID1201813Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1504297Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human MCF7 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID387218Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 18, Issue:18
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of heterocyclic ring-substituted betulinic acid derivatives.
AID736138Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4.3 infected in MAGIC-5B cells after 48 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID402978Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1272461Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Targeting cancer cells with oleanolic and ursolic acid derived hydroxamates.
AID371951Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 100 molar ratio after 48 hrs by trypan blue staining method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID1401984Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 by microplate alamar blue assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of triterpeni≿ A-ring azepanes.
AID327066Cytotoxicity against human M14 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID623338Cytotoxicity against human M14 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2011Journal of natural products, Oct-28, Volume: 74, Issue:10
Triterpenoid constituents from the roots of Paeonia rockii ssp. rockii.
AID727455Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID1847424Inhibition of RANKL/M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured for 4 days by TRAP staining based assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-23, Volume: 64, Issue:18
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-17-Amino-Substituted Pyrazole-Fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Agents for Osteoarthritis Treatment.
AID1673146Inhibition of recombinant human topoisomerase 1 assessed as decrease in relaxation/nicking of supercoiled DNA using supercoiled DNA as substrate at 10 uM after 1 hr by ethidium bromide staining based agarose gel electrophoresis analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1628358Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID1422359Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID1652057Inhibition of bone-resorbing in ICR mouse osteoclasts assessed as reduction in resorption at 10 uM after 24 hrs by pit formation assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID747074Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID402980Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID747083Cytotoxicity against human SF295 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1570145Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID1831041Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of HMGB1-induced NO production pretreated with compounds for 15 mins followed by HMGB1 stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 52Microbial transformation of pentacyclic triterpenes for anti-inflammatory agents on the HMGB1 stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by Streptomyces olivaceus CICC 23628.
AID484833Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1370899Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human HepG2 cells to IC50 for chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2
AID1673147Inhibition of recombinant human topoisomerase 1 assessed as decrease in relaxation/nicking of supercoiled DNA using supercoiled DNA as substrate at 30 uM after 1 hr by ethidium bromide staining based agarose gel electrophoresis analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID327064Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID327069Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID353206Induction of apoptosis in human SK-MEL-2 cells assessed as increase in caspase activation at 5 uM after 8 hrs by homogenous assay relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and cytotoxicity of 2-cyano-28-hydroxy-lup-1-en-3-ones.
AID671764Inhibition of HCV NS3 helicase ATP hydrolysis activity overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as inhibition of inorganic phosphate release by AM/MG-based colometric analysis in the presence of M13 ssDNA2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12
Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13.
AID101967Tested for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer MDA-MB-238 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID403364Activity of human recombinant LXRbeta ligand binding domain-mediated transcriptional activity in human HEK293 cells with Gal4 reporter plasmid by luciferase reporter assay2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID736137Cytotoxicity against human MAGIC-5B cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new derivative of bevirimat that targets the Gag CA-SP1 cleavage site.
AID338354Inhibition of EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation at 1 uM ratio after 48 hrs
AID459425Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1431433Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Rhodamine B conjugates of triterpenoic acids are cytotoxic mitocans even at nanomolar concentrations.
AID1628354Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-25, Volume: 119Urea derivates of ursolic, oleanolic and maslinic acid induce apoptosis and are selective cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines.
AID1305433Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 16 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of peptide-R32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID1570140Anticancer activity against human A549 cells measured after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 1802-O-(2-chlorobenzoyl) maslinic acid triggers apoptosis in A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells.
AID1485419Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay relative to control2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID433127Induction of apoptosis in human EPG85-257P cells assessed as normal cells after 24 hrs by comet assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID1756083Antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli DSM 8579 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 40 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID389502Inhibition of GLI1-mediated transcriptional activity in human HaCaT cells by luciferase based reporter gene assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID1201818Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1652056Trans-suppression of NFkappaB (unknown origin) in HEK293T cells cotransfected with betagalactosidase at 10 uM incubated for 12 hrs followed by RANKL-stimulation by luciferase reporter gene assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1652042Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced OSCAR mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1238521Solubility of the compound in water at room temperature2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID470930Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1490869Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpene Ester Derivatives from Alnus viridis ssp. viridis Bark.
AID1398544Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter 96 aqueous one solution assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives.
AID449888Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells after 72 hrs by XTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID389503Cytotoxicity against human PANC1 after 24 hrs by fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID1755200Inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin)2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 44Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxal-5-inium salts and 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines: Synthesis, activity and computational docking for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
AID727456Cytotoxicity against human Lipo cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Cytotoxic betulin-derived hydroxypropargylamines trigger apoptosis.
AID482921Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human 518A2 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1239042Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID378706Inhibition of moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase1999Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2
Terpenoids of Syzygium formosanum.
AID747069Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1770472Antimigratory activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as inhibition of cell migration measured by wound healing assay relative to control
AID357253Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fatty acid synthase2002Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12
Fatty acid synthase inhibitors from plants: isolation, structure elucidation, and SAR studies.
AID482914Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human FADU cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID46625Cytotoxicity against chemosensitive CEM-T lymphoblastc leukemia cell line.2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID202371Tested for cytotoxicity against human colon cancer SW620 cell line2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-04, Volume: 46, Issue:25
New lupane derived compounds with pro-apoptotic activity in cancer cells: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID402595Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
Isolation and structure of gustastatin from the Brazilian nut tree Gustavia hexapetala.
AID398515Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for HOG.R5 cells to IC50 for HIV1 3B2003Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 66, Issue:2
Natural anti-HIV agents. Part IV. Anti-HIV constituents from Vatica cinerea.
AID371948Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA induction after 48 hrs relative to TPA2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Cancer preventive agents 9. Betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
AID1201815Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1485425Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by SRB assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID770942Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at G0/G1 phase at IC80 after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (48.5 +/- 1.82%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID376699Inhibition of rat DNA polymerase beta in presence of 0.1 mg/mL BSA1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
DNA polymerase beta inhibitors from Tetracera boiviniana.
AID1603486Induction of mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human HCT116 cells at 5 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by RH123.dye based FCM analysis (Rvb = 6.37%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID482907Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID247001Cytotoxic activity against human JurkatE6.1 cell line was measured after 72 h using MTT assay2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-02, Volume: 14, Issue:15
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 3-O-acyl/3-hydrazine /2-bromo/20,29-dibromo betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1446873Inhibition of wild-type HIV1 RT associated RNA dependent DNA polymerase activity using poly(A) template/oligo(dT) primer after 30 mins by picogreen staining based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-21, Volume: 130Natural product-inspired esters and amides of ferulic and caffeic acid as dual inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID327062Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID1603461Inhibition of cell invasion in human DLD1 cells at 5 to 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based inverted microscopy2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1652048Inhibition of AKT phosphorylation in RANKL-induced ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages at 10 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by RANKL-stimulation and measured after 5 to 30 mins by Western blot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1298838Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID276830Inhibition of nitric oxide production in IFN-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24
Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro and in vivo of new betulinic acid analogues having an enone functionality in ring A.
AID1603474Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as early apoptotic cell level at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 1.84%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID1504285Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human Hep2 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1504295Selectivity index, ratio of antiproliferative IC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to antiproliferative IC50 for human HeLa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1673130Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1756075Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID1406740Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine-B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 156Syntheses of C-ring modified dehydroabietylamides and their cytotoxic activity.
AID1847422Inhibition of RANKL/M-CSF-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse RAW264.7 cells at 5 uM measured for 4 days by TRAP staining based assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 09-23, Volume: 64, Issue:18
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-17-Amino-Substituted Pyrazole-Fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Agents for Osteoarthritis Treatment.
AID1603476Induction of apoptosis in human HCT116 cells assessed as necrotic cell level at 20 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by annexin-V/PI staining based flow cyclometry (Rvb = 4.9%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 27, Issue:12
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
AID747066Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID1292212Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID770956Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID1238543Binding affinity to human serum albumin with excitation at 285 nm assessed as association constant by fluorescence emission spectroscopic analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID515954Cytotoxicity against human FADU cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:20
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and liposome preparation of 28-acetylenic betulin derivatives.
AID468102Antiviral activity against SFV infected in BHK cells assessed as decrease in surviving virus fraction at 200 uM treated 1 hr after viral adsorption measured after 5 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2009Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 72, Issue:11
Betulin-derived compounds as inhibitors of alphavirus replication.
AID1652035Cytotoxicity against ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as reduction in cell viability up to 10 uM after 3 days by XTT assay2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID691424Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Zizimauritic acids A-C, three novel nortriterpenes from Ziziphus mauritiana.
AID1504265Cytotoxic activity in human MCF7 cells by sulforhodamine B assay2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID502422Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID433119Cytotoxicity against human EPP85-181P cells after 24 hrs by SRB method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 19, Issue:16
Esters of betulin and betulinic acid with amino acids have improved water solubility and are selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells.
AID389504Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 24 hrs by fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID1430199Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5
Natural abenquines and synthetic analogues: Preliminary exploration of their cytotoxic activity.
AID747059Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID311139Cytotoxicity against mouse J774 cells by alamar blue assay2007Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8
Antitrypanosomal activity of triterpenoids and sterols from the leaves of Strychnos spinosa and related compounds.
AID747055Cytotoxicity against human SF295 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID770939Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at subG1 phase at IC80 by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID101540Cytotoxicity of compound against human melanoma cell lines (M14-MEL) using MTT assay2001Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-03, Volume: 11, Issue:17
Development of C-20 modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1612308Inhibition of PHD (unknown origin) expressed in mouse NIH/3T3 cells harboring HRE-driven luciferase gene assessed as transactivation of HIF1alpha after 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2018Journal of natural products, 10-26, Volume: 81, Issue:10
Triterpenoid Hydroxamates as HIF Prolyl Hydrolase Inhibitors.
AID1504279Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for HEK293 cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human HeLa cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID459430Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID449886Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by XTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1439498Antiparasitic activity against Taenia solium2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 129Medicinal plants used as anthelmintics: Ethnomedical, pharmacological, and phytochemical studies.
AID377094Antiinflammatory activity against human A549 cells assessed as inhibition of IL-1-alpha-induced ICAM1 expression treated after 1 hr before IL1alpha challenge2005Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2
Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds.
AID402981Cytotoxicity against paclitaxel-resistant human K562 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2004Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 67, Issue:7
Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID402789Cytotoxicity against human OVCAR-3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID1292211Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 115Novel hederagenin-triazolyl derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents.
AID1756073Antibiofilm activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 assessed as inhibition of bacterial metabolism within the biofilm at 4 ug/ml measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control
AID1239041Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17
Chemoenzymatic synthesis and cytotoxicity of oenanthotoxin and analogues.
AID1238523Antiviral activity against HSV-2 186 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral yield after 48 hrs by crystal violet staining2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1238541Binding affinity to human serum albumin with excitation at 295 nm after 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometric analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 25, Issue:16
Ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), but not HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
AID1298836Cytotoxicity against human 518A2 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-15, Volume: 26, Issue:12
Amino(oxo)acetate moiety: A new functional group to improve the cytotoxicity of betulin derived carbamates.
AID475424Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 18, Issue:7
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumor-active gamma-butyrolactone substituted betulin derivatives.
AID1652039Anti-osteoporosis activity in ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages assessed as inhibition of RANKL-induced NFATc1 mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID482922Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human MCF7 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1422360Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID479073Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 3 days by SRB assay2010Journal of natural products, May-28, Volume: 73, Issue:5
Cytotoxic and NF-kappaB inhibitory constituents of Artocarpus rigida.
AID1364710Neuroprotective activity in rat C6 cells assessed as induction of nerve growth factor secretion at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by ELISA method relative to untreated control2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID484834Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1652037Inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation in RANKL-induced ICR mouse bone marrow macrophages at 10 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by RANKL-stimulation and measured after 5 to 30 mins by Western blot analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID106300In vitro cytotoxicity (antitumor activity) against human melanoma (MEL-2) cell lines1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-19, Volume: 9, Issue:8
Preparation of amino acid conjugates of betulinic acid with activity against human melanoma.
AID40908Cytotoxic activity towards B16-F10 cells2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-06, Volume: 13, Issue:19
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of A-ring modified betulinic acid derivatives.
AID449881Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID1201823Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 50 uM after 24 hrs by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 2.4%)2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID380129Cytotoxicity against human BC1 cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID1263087Renoprotective activity in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin-induced nucleus break-up at 125 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cisplatin challenge for 24 hrs by phase-contrast microscopic analysis2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Protective effect and mechanism of action of lupane triterpenes from Cornus walteri in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
AID1673155Induction of apoptosis in human MCF7 cells at 40 uM incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID1504278Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxic CC50 for African green monkey Vero cells to cytotoxic CC50 for human Hep2 cells2017Journal of natural products, 11-22, Volume: 80, Issue:11
Lupane-Type Triterpenes of Phoradendron vernicosum.
AID1416543Induction of apoptosis in human Tet21N cells assessed as PARP cleavage at 5 to 15 uM by Western blot analysis2017MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 8, Issue:10
Mitochondria-targeted betulinic and ursolic acid derivatives: synthesis and anticancer activity.
AID771075Cytotoxicity against human MS cells after 72 hrs ny MTT assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis, transformation and biological evaluation of 2,3-secotriterpene acetylhydrazones and their derivatives.
AID482911Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human fibroblast to IC50 for human HT-29 cells2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 20, Issue:11
Carbamate derivatives of betulinic acid and betulin with selective cytotoxic activity.
AID1673132Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of fluorinated betulinic acid.
AID458966Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4
Synthesis and anti-leishmanial activity of heterocyclic betulin derivatives.
AID437582Induction of glucose uptake in human HepG2 cells at 10 uM in presence of 33 mM 2-[14C]-DOG by scintillation counting2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 19, Issue:19
Palbinone and triterpenes from Moutan Cortex (Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeoniaceae) stimulate glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis via activation of AMPK in insulin-resistant human HepG2 Cells.
AID459420Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 96 hrs by SRB assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3
Synthesis and biological evaluation of antitumour-active betulin derivatives.
AID1256912Inhibition of human IDH1 R132H mutant expressed in IPTG-induced Escherichia coli BL21 cells assessed as oxidation of NADPH to NADP+ after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Discovery of α-mangostin as a novel competitive inhibitor against mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase-1.
AID1305428Toxicity against human erythrocytes assessed as hemolysis after 1 hr by spectrophotometric analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13
Triterpene sapogenin-polyarginine conjugates exhibit promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains.
AID380135Cytotoxicity against human LNCaP cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID770941Cell cycle arrest in human A549 cells assessed as accumulation at S phase at IC80 after 48 hrs by propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (19.1 +/- 1.05%)2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID403360Activity of human recombinant LXRalpha ligand binding domain-mediated transcriptional activity in human HEK293 cells with Gal4 reporter plasmid by luciferase reporter assay2005Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 68, Issue:8
Diterpenoid, steroid, and triterpenoid agonists of liver X receptors from diversified terrestrial plants and marine sources.
AID1770471Antimigratory activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell migration measured by wound healing assay
AID1161581Inhibition of HIV1 gp41-induced cell-cell fusion between viral envelope expressing human HL2/3 cells to CD4/CCR5 receptor expressing TZM-bl cells after 6 to 8 hrs by luciferase assay2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-11, Volume: 57, Issue:17
Conjugation of a nonspecific antiviral sapogenin with a specific HIV fusion inhibitor: a promising strategy for discovering new antiviral therapeutics.
AID1229545Induction of reactive oxygen species generation in mouse B16F10 cells at 2 uM after 36 hrs by DCFDA dye-based fluorescence microscopic analysis2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID380137Cytotoxicity against human SKNSH cells2006Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 69, Issue:3
Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Dichapetalum gelonioides collected in the Philippines.
AID338351Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation at 1000 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID338358Cytotoxicity against human Raji cells assessed as cell viability at 10 mol ratio after 48 hrs relative to TPA
AID378627Cytotoxicity against human Mel2 cells2000Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 63, Issue:12
Microbial transformations of the antimelanoma agent betulinic acid.
AID327063Cytotoxicity against human ME180 cells2008Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 71, Issue:1
Isolation of cytotoxic metabolites from targeted peruvian amazonian medicinal plants.
AID486646Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:12
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel cytotoxic carbamate and N-acylheterocyclic bearing derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
AID1652060Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as reduction in trabecular separation in proximal femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by micro-CT analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID402784Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell survival after 48 hrs by MTT assay relative to control1998Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 61, Issue:11
Preparation and cytotoxic effect of ceanothic acid derivatives.
AID697010Inhibition of reductase activity of N-terminal 6His-tagged human recombinant AKR1B1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as assessed as pyridine-3-aldehyde reduction2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Selective inhibition of the tumor marker aldo-keto reductase family member 1B10 by oleanolic acid.
AID1652058Inhibition of bone-resorbing in ICR mouse osteoclasts assessed as downregulation of Ctsk-mRNA expression at 10 uM after 12 to 48 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1652064Anti-resorptive activity in ICR mouse model of LPS-Induced bone loss assessed as inhibition of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts formation in femurs at 10 mg/kg, po for 8 days by TRAP staining based light microscopic analysis2020Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4
Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca
AID1439496Antihelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus L3 larval stage2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 129Medicinal plants used as anthelmintics: Ethnomedical, pharmacological, and phytochemical studies.
AID735307Antiinflammatory activity in C57BL/6 mouse BMDCs assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated IL12 production treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured 18 hrs post stimulation by ELISA2013Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4
Diarylheptanoids and flavonoids from viscum album inhibit LPS-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.
AID1296097Antiinflammatory activity against mouse J774 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production measured as remaining IL-6 levels at 10 uM after 24 hrs by ELISA2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Betulin Derivatives Effectively Suppress Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo.
AID770955Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability after 96 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Preparation of betulinic acid derivatives by chemical and biotransformation methods and determination of cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines.
AID8854Cytotoxic activity towards A-549 cells2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-06, Volume: 13, Issue:19
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of A-ring modified betulinic acid derivatives.
AID1422363Cytotoxicity against human 8505C cells after 96 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-05, Volume: 159Transformation of asiatic acid into a mitocanic, bimodal-acting rhodamine B conjugate of nanomolar cytotoxicity.
AID470673Growth inhibition of human HL-60(TB) cells2009Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 72, Issue:9
Rational design and semisynthesis of betulinic acid analogues as potent topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1229550Induction of apoptosis in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as viable cells at 2 uM after 45 hrs by annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide staining-based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 90.1%)2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, May-14, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Bis-arylidene oxindole-betulinic Acid conjugate: a fluorescent cancer cell detector with potent anticancer activity.
AID1158457Enhancement of GLUT4 translocation in rat L6 cells expressing pIRAP-mOrange cDNAs at 10 uM after 10 mins by fluorescence assay relative to control2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 24, Issue:14
Chemical constituents from Eucalyptus citriodora Hook leaves and their glucose transporter 4 translocation activities.
AID1256913Inhibition of human IDH1 expressed in IPTG-induced Escherichia coli BL21 cells assessed as reduction of NADP+ to NADPH after 5 mins by spectrophotometry2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Discovery of α-mangostin as a novel competitive inhibitor against mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase-1.
AID1201812Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 96 hrs by SRB assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95Synthesis of heterocycle-modified betulinic acid derivatives as antitumor agents.
AID1485430Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human FR2 cells to IC50 for human HCT116 cells2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-28, Volume: 135Synthesis of novel benzylidene analogues of betulinic acid as potent cytotoxic agents.
AID1454743Antiviral activity against HIV12018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-22, Volume: 61, Issue:6
Natural-Products-Inspired Use of the gem-Dimethyl Group in Medicinal Chemistry.
AID1273898Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay2016European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108A novel triazole derivative of betulinic acid induces extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
AID747076Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID449879Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 20 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 17, Issue:17
Novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity.
AID747054Cytotoxicity against human HCT15 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs by SRB assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63Synthesis of 3-O-propargylated betulinic acid and its 1,2,3-triazoles as potential apoptotic agents.
AID389510Effect on Hh/GLI-mediated transcription in human PANC1 assessed as decrease in BCL2 protein expression by Western blot2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 16, Issue:21
Hedgehog/GLI-mediated transcriptional inhibitors from Zizyphus cambodiana.
AID354452Cytotoxicity against HUVEC cells2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID502419Cytotoxicity against human LN229 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18
Synthesis, proapoptotic screening, and structure-activity relationships of novel aza-lupane triterpenoids.
AID1573775Antiviral activity against recombinant HCMV AD169 expressing GFP infected in human foreskin fibroblasts measured after 7 days by GFP-based multi-round replication assay2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 27, Issue:1
Synthesis of new betulinic acid/betulin-derived dimers and hybrids with potent antimalarial and antiviral activities.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID540299A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1798302Enzyme Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/jm8000949: \\Naturally Occurring Pentacyclic Triterpenes as Inhibitors of Glycogen Phosphorylase: Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and X-ray Crystallographic Studies.\\2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase: synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and X-ray crystallographic studies.
AID1346437Human GPBA receptor (Bile acid receptor)2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Structure-activity relationship study of betulinic acid, a novel and selective TGR5 agonist, and its synthetic derivatives: potential impact in diabetes.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (996)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19905 (0.50)18.7374
1990's42 (4.22)18.2507
2000's219 (21.99)29.6817
2010's549 (55.12)24.3611
2020's181 (18.17)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (0.10%)5.53%
Reviews61 (5.95%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other963 (93.95%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
protocatechuic acid
protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.		3.9130catechols;
dihydroxybenzoic acid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
phosphoserine
Phosphoserine: The phosphoric acid ester of serine.		2.0410non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
O-phosphoamino acid;
serine derivative		human metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		2.5120amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.1310hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.		2.6104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		2.7930monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.. acetaldehyde : The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.. aldehyde : A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group.. acetyl group : A group, formally derived from acetic acid by dehydroxylation, which is fundamental to the biochemistry of all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A, it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.		7.0610aldehydecarcinogenic agent;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
electron acceptor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
teratogenic agent
acetamide
acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.		2.0510acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
adenine
[no description available]		2.05106-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allantoin
[no description available]		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
vulnerary
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		3.6120acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.1510benzaldehydesEC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
odorant receptor agonist;
plant metabolite
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.		2.4620benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		2.0510amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
2,3-butylene glycol
2,3-butylene glycol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. butane-2,3-diol : A butanediol in which hydroxylation is at C-2 and C-3.		2.1110butanediol;
glycol;
secondary alcohol
1-butanol
1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.		2.0310alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
carbamates
[no description available]		9.0940amino-acid anion
carnitine
[no description available]		2.0510amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
methane
Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).		2.5220alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.0510tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
coumarin
2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative		2.610coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		2.8430monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		5.2680trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-aminophenol
4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.		2.0710aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
creatine
[no description available]		2.0510glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.5202-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.		2.0510sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
formaldehyde
paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy		2.0510aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		2.7830alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		2.4720alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
hydrogen carbonate
Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.		2.0710carbon oxoanioncofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
histamine
[no description available]		2.5120aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
hydroquinone
[no description available]		2.0510benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
indoleacetic acid
indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.		2.5220indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.		2.610dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid		fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		8.0740alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.		2.0510cyclitol;
hexol
melatonin
[no description available]		2.5220acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
croton oil
[no description available]		2.1310N-acyl-hexosamine
n-acetylserotonin
N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.		2.1710acetamides;
N-acylserotonin;
phenols		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
naringenin
[no description available]		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
trihydroxyflavanone
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		2.4920pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
nitrites
Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		2.8230monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species		human metabolite
orotic acid
Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.		2.0510pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
palmitic acid
Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.		2.4520long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		2.5220phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid
phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
phenethylamine
phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.		2.1710alkaloid;
aralkylamine;
phenylethylamine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phosphorylcholine
Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.		2.5320phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
picolinic acid
picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.		2.610pyridinemonocarboxylic acidhuman metabolite;
MALDI matrix material
putrescine
[no description available]		1.9810alkane-alpha,omega-diamineantioxidant;
fundamental metabolite
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		3.5720monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.		2.0510methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6 phosphate		coenzyme;
cofactor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		2.0510hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
spermine
[no description available]		7.4820polyazaalkane;
tetramine		antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
succinic acid
Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.		2.0310alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		anti-ulcer drug;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
radiation protective agent
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		2.5420primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tryptamine
[no description available]		2.1710aminoalkylindole;
aralkylamino compound;
indole alkaloid;
tryptamines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		2.0510pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		2.4920isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vanillin
Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).		2.1510benzaldehydes;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxyflavan
epibatidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		2.0510p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
[no description available]		3.6920catechin
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.		2.7930aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid		fluorescent probe
3-aminobenzamide
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
substituted aniline		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
3-nitropropionic acid
3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.		2.3110C-nitro compoundantimycobacterial drug;
EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
mycotoxin;
neurotoxin
pleconaril
WIN 63843: structure given in first source		2.610
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride
[no description available]		2.610
phenytoin
[no description available]		2.5420imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyindoleacetic acid
(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.		2.1710indole-3-acetic acidsdrug metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
5-methoxytryptamine
5-Methoxytryptamine: Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.. 5-methoxytryptamine : A member of the class of tryptamines that is the methyl ether derivative of serotonin.		2.1710aromatic ether;
primary amino compound;
tryptamines		5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
radiation protective agent;
serotonergic agonist
7,8-dihydroxyflavone
7,8-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A naturally occurring flavonoid produced by several plants, including the weed Tridax procumbens (coalbuttons or tridax daisy) and the tree Godmania aesculifolia, In animal models, it has shown efficacy against several diseases of the nervous system, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's.		2.1710dihydroxyflavoneantidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
4',7-dihydroxyflavanone
[no description available]		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
polyphenol		Brassica napus metabolite;
fungal xenobiotic metabolite
acebutolol
Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.		2.0510aromatic amide;
ethanolamines;
ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		2.5220acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		2.5420monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide
Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.		2.0510acetophenones;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.0510acetohydroxamic acids;
carbohydroximic acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
albendazole
[no description available]		2.0510aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		2.0510phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alfuzosin
alfuzosin: structure given in first source		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
alprenolol
Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.		2.610secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		2.5420adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambroxol
Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.		2.0510aromatic amine
aminoglutethimide
Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.		2.0510dicarboximide;
piperidones;
substituted aniline		adrenergic agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine
pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.		2.4220guanidines;
one-carbon compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
theophylline
[no description available]		2.0510dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole
2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.		2.6101,3-thiazoles;
primary amino compound
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		2.05101-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		2.0510carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		2.0510dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amobarbital
Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.		2.0510barbiturates
amodiaquine
Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.		3.8220aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.4320acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		2.0510nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione
Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.		2.0510methoxybenzenes
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.4920anthracenesantipsoriatic
acetovanillone
apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.		2.0310acetophenones;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone		antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug;
plant metabolite
aristolochic acid i
aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic.		2.4720aristolochic acids;
aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
cyclic acetal;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mutagen;
nephrotoxin;
toxin
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		3.9530benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		2.0510ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		2.0510aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
baclofen
[no description available]		2.5420amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
barbital
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).		2.0510barbituratesdrug allergen
bendazac
bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.		2.0510indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger
benzamide
benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.		2.610benzamides
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		2.05101-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
berberine
[no description available]		8.5720alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		2.07105-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.0510biphenyls;
imidazoles
bisoprolol
Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.		2.0510secondary alcohol;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bromisovalum
Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.		2.0510N-acylurea;
organobromine compound
brotizolam
brotizolam: structure		2.0510organic molecular entity
bumetanide
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		2.0510aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
buspirone
Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.		3.620azaspiro compound;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
piperidones;
pyrimidines		anxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
busulfan
[no description available]		2.0510methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
butalbital
butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.		2.0510barbituratesanalgesic;
sedative
caffeine
[no description available]		2.4520purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.0510aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
camostat
camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.		2.610benzoate ester;
carboxylic ester;
diester;
guanidines;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifibrinolytic drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
serine protease inhibitor
camphor, (+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.610bornane monoterpenoid;
cyclic monoterpene ketone		plant metabolite
candesartan cilexetil
candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects		2.0510biphenyls
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.610benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		2.0510dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		2.0510carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		2.0510N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carprofen
carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.		2.0510carbazoles;
organochlorine compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
photosensitizing agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		2.0510carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.		2.0510hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore
celecoxib
[no description available]		3.6120organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		2.0510ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
cetylpyridinium
Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.		2.610pyridinium ion
chloral hydrate
[no description available]		2.0510aldehyde hydrate;
ethanediol;
organochlorine compound		general anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
sedative;
xenobiotic
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		2.0510aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		2.0510benzodiazepine
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		2.05101,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.7830aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chloroxylenol
chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.		2.5420monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
molluscicide
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		2.5420organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorpyrifos
Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.		7.610chloropyridine;
organic thiophosphate		acaricide;
agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
insecticide;
xenobiotic
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		2.05101,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		2.0510aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin
Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.		2.0510cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		2.5420cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		2.0510aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
cisapride
Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.		2.0510benzamides
citalopram
Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.		2.05102-benzofurans;
cyclic ether;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound
clioquinol
Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		2.0510monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
organoiodine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
chelator;
copper chelator
clobazam
Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clofazimine
Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
phenazines		dye;
leprostatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		2.0510aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene
[no description available]		2.0510tertiary amineestrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine
Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		2.610dibenzoazepineanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0510clonidine;
imidazoline
clotiazepam
clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines		2.0510organic molecular entity
clotrimazole
[no description available]		2.0510conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclandelate
Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.		2.0510carboxylic ester;
secondary alcohol		vasodilator agent
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		2.0510piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
cystamine
[no description available]		7.2110organic disulfide;
primary amino compound		EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		2.5420dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		2.0510substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone: ubiquinol analog. 6-decylubiquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by decyl and methyl groups.		2.07101,4-benzoquinonescofactor
deferiprone
Deferiprone: A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of IRON OVERLOAD in patients with THALASSEMIA.. deferiprone : A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.		2.6104-pyridonesiron chelator;
protective agent
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		2.0510acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
amphetamine
Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.		2.0510primary amine
eflornithine
Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.		2.0510alpha-amino acid;
fluoroamino acid		trypanocidal drug
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		3.71301,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		2.0510benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.		2.0710diester;
phthalate ester		EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
plasticiser;
teratogenic agent
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		2.0510amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ddt
1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source		2.0510benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		2.0510monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3'-diindolylmethane
3,3'-diindolylmethane: anti-inflammatory from edible cruciferous vegetables; a cytochrome P-450 antagonist		2.0710indolesantineoplastic agent;
P450 inhibitor
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		2.0510ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
diphenyleneiodonium
diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.		2.0710organic cation
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		2.5420piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		2.5420organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		2.5420branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
donepezil
Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.		2.6120aromatic ether;
indanones;
piperidines;
racemate		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
nootropic agent
doxazosin
Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.		2.610aromatic amine;
benzodioxine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
vasodilator agent
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		2.0510dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
ebselen
ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.		2.610benzoselenazoleanti-inflammatory drug;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor;
enzyme mimic;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
genotoxin;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
econazole
Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes
ellipticine
ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.		2.4920indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
polycyclic heteroarene		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
embelin
embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae). embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease.		2.0710dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonesantimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		2.7530trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
enflurane
Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		anaesthetic
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		2.05101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		2.2510
estazolam
Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.		2.0510triazoles;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		2.0510aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
ethoxzolamide
Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzothiazoles;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
ethylenediamine
ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane.		2.1710alkane-alpha,omega-diamineGABA agonist
etidronate
Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.		2.6101,1-bis(phosphonic acid)antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2-hexyloxybenzamide
2-hexyloxybenzamide: structure		2.610aromatic ether;
benzamides		antifungal agent
brl 42810
[no description available]		2.54202-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.0510carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		2.0510aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fentanyl
Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		2.0510anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
flecainide
Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		2.0510aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		2.0510conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		2.0510aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
flufenamic acid
Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.		2.0510aromatic amino acid;
organofluorine compound		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		2.610N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		2.0510ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		2.45201,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		9.6980nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		3.6120(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		2.0510fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
fomepizole
Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		2.0510pyrazolesantidote;
EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
protective agent
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		2.0510chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
gabexate
Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.		2.610benzoate ester
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic etherantilipemic drug
glafenine
Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.		2.0510aminoquinoline;
carboxylic ester;
glycol;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide
Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.		2.0510N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
radical scavenger
glutaral
Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.		2.610dialdehydecross-linking reagent;
disinfectant;
fixative
glutethimide
Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.		2.0510piperidines
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
gossypol
Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.		3.8530
guaiazulene
guaiazulene: structure		2.0510sesquiterpene
fasudil
fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.		2.5420isoquinolines;
N-sulfonyldiazepane		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
nootropic agent;
vasodilator agent
ha14-1
ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate: a BH3 mimetic; synergistic induction of apoptosis by simultaneous disruption of the Bcl-2 and MEK/MAPK pathways in acute myelogenous leukemia		2.04101-benzopyran
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		2.5420aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
halothane
[no description available]		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline
Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.		2.1710harmala alkaloidoneirogen
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		2.0510bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		9.3450phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
hexestrol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
hexetidine
Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)		2.0510organic heteromonocyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital
Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.		2.0510barbiturates
hexylresorcinol
[no description available]		2.610resorcinols
beta-thujaplicin
beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.		2.610cyclic ketone;
enol;
monoterpenoid		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiplasmodial drug;
plant metabolite
hycanthone
Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.		2.610thioxanthenesmutagen;
schistosomicide drug
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.0510azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.5420benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.		3.3110aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
primary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		2.5420one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxyether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antipruritic drug;
anxiolytic drug;
dermatologic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin
[no description available]		2.0710
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		2.5420monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		2.0510primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
alverine
alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug
idebenone
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
primary alcohol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor
ifosfamide
[no description available]		2.0510ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		2.0510dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		2.0510bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		2.0510indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indole-3-carbinol
indole-3-carbinol: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-methanol : An indolyl alcohol carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It is a constituent of the cruciferous vegetables and had anticancer activity.		2.0710indolyl alcoholantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		2.7830aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
iohexol
Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.		2.0510benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iodipamide
Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.		2.0510benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound;
secondary carboxamide		radioopaque medium
iproniazid
[no description available]		2.0510carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		2.5420azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.		2.1103-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isoflurane
Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.		7.4920organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		2.520carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
2-propanol
2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.		2.0510secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		2.5220catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine
Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.		2.0510alkylbenzene
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		2.0510benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		2.5420piperazines
staurosporine aglycone
staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor		3.1410
nsc 664704
kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).		2.0710indolobenzazepine;
lactam;
organobromine compound		cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		2.0510cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		2.5220aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		2.4520dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		2.0510benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
khellin
Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.		2.4720furanochromone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle		anti-asthmatic agent;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
kinetin
Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group.		2.07106-aminopurines;
furans		cytokinin;
geroprotector
kojic acid
[no description available]		2.6104-pyranones;
enol;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
skin lightening agent
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		2.0510benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		2.05101,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		2.0510benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol
lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.		2.610
beta-lapachone
beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.		2.7330benzochromenone;
orthoquinones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lavendustin a
lavendustin A: from Streptomyces griseolavendus; structure given in first source		2.0710aromatic amine
lavendustin b
[no description available]		2.0710
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lofepramine
Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
dibenzoazepine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
lomustine
[no description available]		2.0510N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		2.5420monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine
Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.		2.610benzocycloheptapyridine;
ethyl ester;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		2.5420biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source		2.7530chromones;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound		autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
4-(dimethylamino)-n-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide
4-(dimethylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)-N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid with the amino group of 7-amino-N-hydroxyheptanamide. It is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines.		2.610benzamides;
hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
mafenide
Mafenide: A sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme CARBONIC ANHYDRASE and is used as a topical anti-bacterial agent, especially in burn therapy.		2.610aromatic amine
malathion
Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.		2.0510diester;
ethyl ester;
organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source		2.0510isopropyl ester
mazindol
Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.		2.0510organic molecular entity
mebendazole
Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester		antinematodal drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
meclizine
Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.		2.0510diarylmethane
meclofenoxate
Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
vitamin k 3
Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.		2.47201,4-naphthoquinones;
vitamin K		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
nutraceutical
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		2.4420ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mephenytoin
Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
mepivacaine
Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.		2.0510piperidinecarboxamidedrug allergen;
local anaesthetic
meprobamate
Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)		2.0510organic molecular entity
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		2.0510amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		2.0510guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methadone
Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.		2.0510benzenes;
diarylmethane;
ketone;
tertiary amino compound
methazolamide
Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.		2.610sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles
methocarbamol
Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.		2.610aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
secondary alcohol
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		2.4720aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
methoxyflurane
Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		hepatotoxic agent;
inhalation anaesthetic;
nephrotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic
methyl salicylate
methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.		6.38200benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		2.0510beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
methyprylon
methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94		2.0510organic molecular entity
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		2.0510benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		2.0510aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		2.4820C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
metyrapone
Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.		2.0510aromatic ketoneantimetabolite;
diagnostic agent;
EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mianserin
Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.		2.0510dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine agonist;
sedative;
serotonergic antagonist
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
midazolam
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.		2.0510imidazobenzodiazepine;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
central nervous system depressant;
GABAA receptor agonist;
general anaesthetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		2.0510dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine
Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.		2.0510benzazepine;
tetracyclic antidepressant		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
oneirogen;
serotonergic antagonist
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		2.0510diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		2.5420dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
modafinil
Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfoxide
moxisylyte
Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)		2.0510monoterpenoid
entinostat
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
carbamate ester;
primary amino compound;
pyridines;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
myristicin
myristicin: asaricin is an isomer; structure; a methylene dioxy version of elemicin;		2.0710organic molecular entitymetabolite
deet
N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.		2.0510benzamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		environmental contaminant;
insect repellent;
xenobiotic
ethylmaleimide
Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.		2.610maleimidesanticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		2.5420methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nafamostat
nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic		2.610benzoic acids;
guanidines
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		2.47201,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		2.0510aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.5420cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		2.0510organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
niceritrol
Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.		2.0510organic molecular entity
niclosamide
Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections.		4.520benzamides;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
salicylanilides;
secondary carboxamide		anthelminthic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiparasitic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
molluscicide;
piscicide;
STAT3 inhibitor
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
niflumic acid
Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0510aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
nilutamide
[no description available]		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		2.4420aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		2.05102-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nisoldipine
Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		2.0510nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nizatidine
[no description available]		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		2.0510catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		2.0510fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		2.0510organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist		2.0710nitrobenzoic acid
octopamine
Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates.		2.1710phenylethanolamines;
tyramines		neurotransmitter
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		3.17103-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		2.5420aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
ondansetron
Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.		2.0510carbazoles
orphenadrine
Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.		2.0510ether;
tertiary amino compound		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
osalmide
osalmide: structure		2.610organic molecular entity
oxamniquine
Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.		2.0510aromatic primary alcohol;
C-nitro compound;
quinolines;
secondary amino compound
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.05101,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxethazaine
[no description available]		2.5420amino acid amide
oxidopamine
Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).		2.610benzenetriol;
catecholamine;
primary amino compound		drug metabolite;
human metabolite;
neurotoxin
oxprenolol
Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.		2.0510aromatic ether
oxybenzone
oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxybenzophenone;
monomethoxybenzene		dermatologic drug;
environmental contaminant;
protective agent;
ultraviolet filter;
xenobiotic
oxyphenbutazone
Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.0510phenols;
pyrazolidines		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
palmidrol
palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.		2.610endocannabinoid;
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine;
N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticonvulsant;
antihypertensive agent;
neuroprotective agent
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		2.610benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
pargyline
Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.		2.0810aromatic amine
patulin
Patulin: 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.. patulin : A furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.		2.0710furopyran;
gamma-lactone;
lactol		antimicrobial agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent;
mutagen;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite
pd 153035
4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: structure given in first source. PD-153035 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying a 3-bromophenylamino substituent at position 4 and two methoxy substituents at positions 6 and 7.		2.0210aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
bromobenzenes;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
pd 98059
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.		2.7430aromatic amine;
monomethoxyflavone		EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
pemoline
Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.		2.05101,3-oxazolescentral nervous system stimulant
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		2.5420oxopurine
perazine
Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.		2.0510N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline
Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.		2.610piperidinescardiovascular drug
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		2.0510N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		2.0510acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.610diaminopyridine;
monoazo compound		anticoronaviral agent;
carcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		2.0510phenols
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		2.0510aromatic amine
4-phenylbutyric acid
4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.		2.610monocarboxylic acidantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		2.0510pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.		2.610acyl fluorideserine proteinase inhibitor
phloretin
[no description available]		2.0710dihydrochalconesantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
moxonidine
moxonidine: structure given in first source		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
pimobendan
pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source		2.610benzimidazoles;
pyridazinone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		2.0510pyridines
pipemidic acid
Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.		2.0510amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridopyrimidine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine
[no description available]		2.4820azacycloalkane;
piperazines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		anthelminthic drug
pj-34
PJ34 : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is 5,6-dihydrophenanthridine substituted at positions 2 and 6 by (N,N-dimethylglycyl)amino and oxo groups, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 110 nM and 86 nM, respectively) and exhibits anti-cancer, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties.		2.610phenanthridines;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antiatherosclerotic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		2.5420isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		2.0510aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		2.0510aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		2.0510pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		2.5420benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
probucol
Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.		2.5420dithioketal;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug
procainamide
Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		2.0510benzamidesanti-arrhythmia drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		2.0510benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		3.6120N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
promazine
Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.		2.610phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		2.5420phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propidium
Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.		2.4620phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		2.0510phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		2.5420naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
pyridinolcarbamate
Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)		2.0510pyridines
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		2.520aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
ranitidine
[no description available]		2.0510aralkylamine
opc 12759
rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase		2.0510secondary carboxamide
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		2.0510benzothiazoles
rimantadine
Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.		2.610alkylamine
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		2.05101,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rofecoxib
[no description available]		2.0510butenolide;
sulfone		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram
[no description available]		2.7620pyrrolidin-2-onesantidepressant;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		2.0510phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate
salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.		3.3110ether;
phenols;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
sanguinarine
benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
scriptaid
scriptide: provokes translocation of GLUT4 to increase glucose uptake; structure in first source		2.610isoquinolines
sebacic acid
sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.		2.610alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
sevoflurane
Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organofluorine compound		central nervous system depressant;
inhalation anaesthetic;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine
sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride		2.0510organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		2.0510pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
iodoacetic acid
Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.		2.3110haloacetic acid;
organoiodine compound		alkylating agent
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		2.0510ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt
sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.		2.0510organic sodium saltEC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
orphan drug;
prodrug
fenofibrate
[no description available]		2.610benzochromenone;
delta-lactone;
naphtho-alpha-pyrone		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
Sir2 inhibitor
stearic acid
octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.		2.0110long-chain fatty acid;
saturated fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
imatinib
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin
[no description available]		2.0710pyridines;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		2.0510dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		2.0510aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamerazine
[no description available]		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfameter
Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
leprostatic drug;
renal agent
sulfamethazine
Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		2.0510sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.0510isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfanilamide
[no description available]		2.0510substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfaphenazole
Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.		2.4520primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine
Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyridines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
dermatologic drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		2.0510
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		2.0510pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sulforaphane
sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.		2.4620isothiocyanate;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		2.0510alkylbenzene
sulpiride
Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.		2.0510benzamides;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfonamide		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		2.5420aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		2.4520naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		2.0510N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tegafur
[no description available]		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		2.0510benzodiazepine
temozolomide
[no description available]		2.7630imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terbutaline
Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		2.0510diarylmethane
tetracaine
Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.		2.0510benzoate ester;
tertiary amino compound		local anaesthetic
tetrahydropapaverine
tetrahydropapaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is norlaudanosoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.		2.0710aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		2.7930phthalimides;
piperidones
theobromine
Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.		2.0710dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
bronchodilator agent;
food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		2.0510phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
tiaprofenic acid
tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		drug allergen;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		2.5420monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine
tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.		2.0510benzothiadiazole;
imidazoles		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
muscle relaxant
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		2.0510N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		2.0510N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolperisone
Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)		2.0510aromatic ketone
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		2.0510aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid
Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.		2.0510amino acid
trazodone
Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazolopyridine		adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		2.610pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
triclosan
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		2.610N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.5420organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
trigonelline
trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610alkaloid;
iminium betaine		food component;
human urinary metabolite;
plant metabolite
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		2.0510oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethobenzamide
trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.		2.610benzamides;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		2.5420aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trioxsalen
Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.		2.0710psoralensdermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		2.4720chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
tyramine
[no description available]		2.1710monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
tyrphostin a9
[no description available]		2.610alkylbenzenegeroprotector
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.610aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
urethane
[no description available]		7.2510carbamate esterfungal metabolite;
mutagen
venlafaxine
venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.		2.0510cyclohexanols;
monomethoxybenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
xenobiotic
vesnarinone
[no description available]		2.5420organic molecular entity
vigabatrin
[no description available]		2.0510gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
xanthurenic acid
xanthurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8.		2.2110dihydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		animal metabolite;
iron chelator;
metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist;
vesicular glutamate transport inhibitor
ici 204,219
zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.0510carbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		2.5420imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
guanidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic chloride salt		protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		2.7630mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		2.432011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
estriol
hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.		2.051016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		estrogen;
human metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		2.4720alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		2.0510glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		2.0510nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide
[no description available]		2.0510benzodioxolespesticide synergist
bromouracil
Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.		2.0510nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidines		mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid
tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.		2.0510
hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.		2.07104-hydroxyproline;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
histamine dihydrochloride
Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.		2.0510
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		2.05102-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.		2.05101-phenylpropan-2-amineadrenergic agent;
adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
dopaminergic agent;
neurotoxin;
sympathomimetic agent
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		2.4520ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate
norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.		2.05103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		2.05103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclobarbital
cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative		2.0510barbiturates
allobarbital
allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects		2.0510barbiturates
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		2.0510non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		2.051011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		2.051017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxandrolone
Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
oxa-steroid		anabolic agent;
androgen
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		2.051017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nad
[no description available]		2.0510NADgeroprotector
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
idoxuridine
[no description available]		2.610organoiodine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
pilocarpine hydrochloride
pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.		2.0710hydrochloride
pilocarpine
Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.		2.0510pilocarpineantiglaucoma drug
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		2.05102-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
diethylnitrosamine
Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.		2.1110nitrosaminecarcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
mutagen
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		2.4920chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
cantharidin
Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.		2.0710cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
monoterpenoid		EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
herbicide
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		2.0410L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		2.5420C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		2.2110aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		2.7930amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		2.610aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetrimonium bromide
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.		2.0510organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		detergent;
surfactant
vincristine
[no description available]		2.0510acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		2.4720carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		2.0510glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		2.051017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate
Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.		2.0510steroid ester
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.		2.4120ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes		carcinogenic agent
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		2.0510aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
aminopyrine
Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.		2.0510pyrazolone;
tertiary amino compound		antipyretic;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enone		anabolic agent;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		2.0510benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
cephalothin
Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.		2.0510azabicycloalkene;
beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative;
thiophenes		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
uridine
[no description available]		2.0510uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		2.4720kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.		2.6120D-galactose;
galactopyranose		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0510phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
phenylethyl alcohol
Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.		2.5220benzenes;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
fragrance;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		4.0640amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
veratramine
veratramine: structure. veratramine : A piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions.		2.0710piperidine alkaloid
phlorhizin
[no description available]		2.0710aryl beta-D-glucoside;
dihydrochalcones;
monosaccharide derivative		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
papaverine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
n-methyltryptamine
N-methyltryptamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710tryptamine alkaloid;
tryptamines		metabolite
niridazole
Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound
zoxazolamine
Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.		2.610benzoxazole
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		3.8530amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dimethylnitrosamine
Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.		2.8830nitrosaminegeroprotector;
mutagen
carbaryl
Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.		2.0510carbamate ester;
naphthalenes		acaricide;
agrochemical;
carbamate insecticide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant growth retardant
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		2.0510lactose
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		2.5320aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.		2.0710
Mebutamate
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		4.0740alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		2.7630antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin
Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.		3.7620psoralensplant metabolite
egtazic acid
Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.		2.0410diether;
tertiary amino compound;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
gliotoxin
Gliotoxin: A fungal toxin produced by various species of Trichoderma, Gladiocladium fimbriatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium. It is used as an immunosuppressive agent.. gliotoxin : A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi.		2.0710dipeptide;
organic disulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
pyrazinoindole		antifungal agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
proteasome inhibitor
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		2.0510oxo steroid
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).		2.17104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone
benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)		2.0510aromatic ketone
tubercidin
Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.		2.5720antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.4720beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		2.0510mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		2.0510beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		2.610nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
2-thiomalic acid
[no description available]		3.3510C4-dicarboxylic acid
medroxyprogesterone acetate
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
steroid ester		adjuvant;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
female contraceptive drug;
inhibitor;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
veratridine
[no description available]		2.0710steroidsodium channel modulator
threonine
Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0410amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
terminal acetylenic compound		prodrug;
xenoestrogen
methaqualone
Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.		2.0510quinazolinesGABA agonist;
sedative
trypan blue
VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.		2.0510
cordycepin
[no description available]		2.05103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines		antimetabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.0510erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		2.830arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
allylpropymal
allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.		2.0510barbiturates
gibberellic acid
gibberellic acid: RN given refers to (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-isomer; structure. gibberellin A3 : A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4.		2.0710C19-gibberellin;
gibberellin monocarboxylic acid;
lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
butobarbital
butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)		2.0510barbiturates
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		2.0510chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
dichloroacetic acid
[no description available]		2.1110monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		astringent;
marine metabolite
alpha-pinene
[no description available]		2.1310pineneplant metabolite
dehydrocholic acid
Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.		2.051012-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-5beta-steroid;
7-oxo steroid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		gastrointestinal drug
rhodamine b
rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome.		2.1510organic chloride salt;
xanthene dye		fluorescent probe;
fluorochrome;
histological dye
visnagin
visnagin: from Musineon divaricatum. visnagin : A furanochromone that is furo[3,2-g]chromen-5-one which is substituted at positions 4 and 7 by methoxy and methyl groups, respectively. Found in the toothpick-plant, Ammi visnaga.		2.0710aromatic ether;
furanochromone;
polyketide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.1.1.37 (malate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		2.05106-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		2.5120organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
skimmianine
skimmianine: furanoquinoline alkaloid from Teclea (RUTACEAE)		7.5420alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
syrosingopine
syrosingopine: was heading 1963-94; SYRINGOPINE was see SYROSINGOPINE 1977-94; use RESERPINE to search SYROSINGOPINE 1966-94		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
9,10-anthraquinone
9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.		2.610anthraquinone
pyocyanine
Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.		2.1710iminium betaine;
phenazines		antibacterial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
biological pigment;
virulence factor
salicylanilide
salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.		2.610benzanilide fungicide;
salicylamides;
salicylanilides
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		2.0510glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
gramine
gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.		2.8630aminoalkylindole;
indole alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		2.0410pyrrolidin-2-ones
thymol
Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.		3.2510monoterpenoid;
phenols		volatile oil component
aminacrine
Aminacrine: A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.. 9-aminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by an amino group. A fluorescent dyd and topical antiseptic agent, it is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) in eye drops for the treatment of superficial eye infections.		2.610aminoacridines;
primary amino compound		acid-base indicator;
antiinfective agent;
antiseptic drug;
fluorescent dye;
MALDI matrix material;
mutagen
uvitex swn
Uvitex SWN: optical brightner from Ciba; structure		3.25107-aminocoumarinsfluorochrome
methyleugenol
methyleugenol: structure		3.2510phenylpropanoid
synephrine
[no description available]		2.0510ethanolamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenols		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
plant metabolite
benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.		2.0510carbonyl compound
4-butyrolactone
4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		2.4620butan-4-olidemetabolite;
neurotoxin
methyl gallate
methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties.		2.610gallate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
4-cymene
4-cymene: structure. p-cymene : A monoterpene that is toluene substituted by an isopropyl group at position 4.		3.2510monoterpene;
toluenes		human urinary metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
4-hydroxyacetophenone
4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'.		2.0210monohydroxyacetophenonefungal metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
monobenzone
monobenzone: structure. monobenzone : The monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone. It is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.		2.610benzyl etherallergen;
dermatologic drug;
melanin synthesis inhibitor
furan
furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.		2.0510furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene		carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product
1-octadecene
octadec-1-ene : An octadecene with unsaturation at C-1.. octadecene : An alkene that is octadecane containing one double bond at unspecified position.		2.0810octadecene
stearyl alcohol
octadecan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of 18 carbon atoms.. octadecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of eighteen carbon atoms.		2.0110long-chain primary fatty alcohol;
octadecanol		algal metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
ergotamine
Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.		2.0510peptide ergot alkaloidalpha-adrenergic agonist;
mycotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
oxytocic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.0710ergoline alkaloid
desaspidin
desaspidin: structure		3.2510
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.0510bromide salt
phenformin
Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.		2.0510biguanidesantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital
Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesanticonvulsant
hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.		2.0510aromatic fungicide;
chlorobenzenes		antifungal agrochemical;
carcinogenic agent;
persistent organic pollutant
trinitrotoluene
Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.		2.0510trinitrotolueneexplosive
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.		2.0510aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)
[no description available]		2.0710diarylmethane
vanillic acid
Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.		2.4220methoxybenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid		plant metabolite
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.		2.520anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone		antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector
meglumine
Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.		2.0510hexosamine;
secondary amino compound
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		2.0510quinolines
indolebutyric acid
indolebutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. indole-3-butyric acid : A indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is butanoic acid carrying a 1H-indol-3-yl substituent at position 1.		2.0710indol-3-yl carboxylic acidauxin;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
syringaldehyde
syringaldehyde: isolated from nonfermented fiber fractions of oat hulls and cottonseed hulls. syringaldehyde : A hydroxybenzaldehyde that is 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. Isolated from Pisonia aculeata and Panax japonicus var. major, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		2.1710dimethoxybenzene;
hydroxybenzaldehyde		hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
shikimic acid
Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.		2.0710alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
estragole
estragole : A phenylpropanoid that is chavicol in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a methoxy group.		3.2510alkenylbenzene;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenylpropanoid		carcinogenic agent;
flavouring agent;
genotoxin;
insect attractant;
plant metabolite
ethyl acetate
ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.		2.4820acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		2.520methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		2.610dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
mequinol
mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
quinestrol
Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)		2.051017-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid		progestin
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		2.8430catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.0210azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
indazoles
Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.		2.7830indazole
cyclopentane
Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.		3.1640cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
isoxazoles
Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.		2.0710isoxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles
[no description available]		2.98401,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
1,2,4-triazole
1,2,4-triazole: RN given refers to 1H-1,2,4-triazole		7.41101,2,4-triazole
pyrazines
Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.		3.1850diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
ephedrine
Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.		2.0510phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
hydrazine
diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.		7.0210azane;
hydrazines		EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510
evans blue
Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.		2.0510organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
monocrotaline
Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.		2.0710pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate
[no description available]		2.0510heptanoate ester;
sterol ester		androgen
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		2.0510mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		2.5420N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol
phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity		2.0510aminopyridine
carbutamide
Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)		2.0510benzenes;
sulfonamide
nandrolone decanoate
Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		2.0510steroid ester
bucladesine
[no description available]		2.05103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
butanamides;
butyrate ester		agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
vasodilator agent
methyl-4-tyramine
methyl-4-tyramine: found in barley malt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.1710tyraminesmouse metabolite
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
perflubron
perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
perfluorinated compound		blood substitute;
radioopaque medium
cyproterone acetate
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
chlorinated steroid;
steroid ester		androgen antagonist;
geroprotector;
progestin
lithocholic acid
Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.		2.0510bile acid;
C24-steroid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
jervine
jervine: teratogen from Veratrum grandiflorum; RN given refers to parent cpd(3beta,23beta)-isomer; structure		3.5620piperidines
dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.		2.05101-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoatemu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		5.03140cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.0510bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
liriodenine
liriodenine: structure given in first source. liriodenine : An oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.		3.1710alkaloid antibiotic;
cyclic ketone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxacycle;
oxoaporphine alkaloid		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
boldine
[no description available]		2.0710aporphine alkaloid
indirubin
[no description available]		2.0710
lucanthone
Lucanthone: One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46). lucanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone.		2.610thioxanthenesadjuvant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
mutagen;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
schistosomicide drug
plumbagin
plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.		2.4820hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone;
phenols		anticoagulant;
antineoplastic agent;
immunological adjuvant;
metabolite
cepharanthine
cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.		2.5720bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
aloe emodin
aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.		2.7830aromatic primary alcohol;
dihydroxyanthraquinone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
chrysophanic acid
chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.		2.7730dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite
imperatorin
imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005. imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.7930psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
emetine
Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.		2.610isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol
osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source		2.5720botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		2.0510phthalazines
cytisine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
bridged compound;
lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
bicuculline
Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.		2.4620benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines		agrochemical;
central nervous system stimulant;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
GABAA receptor antagonist;
neurotoxin
flavanone
flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.		2.4820flavanones
kainic acid
Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.		2.0710dicarboxylic acid;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid		antinematodal drug;
excitatory amino acid agonist
thymoquinone
thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.		2.78301,4-benzoquinonesadjuvant;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
phenylpropanolamine
Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.		2.0510amphetamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid		plant metabolite
phloretic acid
phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acidplant metabolite
hexacosanoic acid
hexacosanoic acid: a C(26) saturated acid. hexacosanoic acid : A 26-carbon, straight-chain, saturated fatty acid.		2.0110fatty acid 26:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		10.211300hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		2.0510ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		3.8530furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
hesperidin
Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.8303'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
monomethoxyflavanone;
rutinoside		mutagen
physcione
physcione: structure. physcion : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources.		2.0310dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
angelicin
angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure		2.610furanocoumarin
azomycin
azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure		2.520C-nitro compound;
imidazoles		antitubercular agent
syringic acid
syringic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source. syringic acid : A dimethoxybenzene that is 3,5-dimethyl ether derivative of gallic acid.		2.0410benzoic acids;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		plant metabolite
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		2.0510thiazoles
diperodon
diperodon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.610carbamate ester
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		7.4820amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		3.93110dialdehydebiomarker
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.		2.3110arenesulfonic acid;
C-nitro compound		epitope;
explosive;
reagent
violacein
[no description available]		2.1710
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.0510organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
paeonol
paeonol: structure		2.0610methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.		2.0510
lactulose
[no description available]		2.0510glycosylfructosegastrointestinal drug;
laxative
n-methylphenethylamine
N-methylphenethylamine: substrate for type A & B monoamine oxidase; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710
megestrol acetate
[no description available]		2.542020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
triphenylphosphine
triphenylphosphine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triphenylphosphine : A member of the class of tertiary phosphines that is phosphane in which the three hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups.		2.2510benzenes;
tertiary phosphine		NMR chemical shift reference compound;
reducing agent
2,4,6-tribromoanisole
2,4,6-tribromoanisole: produced by O-methylation of its direct precursor, 2,4,6-tribromophenol, generally comes from sources in the winery environment		2.1510
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		2.9940acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
ethyl palmitate
ethyl hexadecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol.		2.0810hexadecanoate ester;
long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester		plant metabolite
Berberine chloride (TN)
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entity
erythromycin stearate
[no description available]		2.0510aminoglycoside
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
[no description available]		2.610
vinblastine
[no description available]		2.0510
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		2.8230pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
estradiol valerate
[no description available]		2.0510steroid ester
chlormequat
Chlormequat: A plant growth regulator that is commonly used on ornamental plants.. chlormequat : A quaternary ammonium ion that is choline in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by a chlorine. Its salts (particularly the chloride salt, known as chlormequat chloride) are used as plant growth retardants.		2.1710quaternary ammonium ionplant growth retardant
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.		3.9630ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative		antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
metformin hydrochloride
metformin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of metformin with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.		2.610hydrochlorideenvironmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine
tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).		2.5820alkaloid;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
antimycin a
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
formamides;
macrodiolide;
phenols		antifungal agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
piscicide
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		2.0510glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		3.9240enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		4.4260alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
tocopherols
[no description available]		2.110
vincamine
Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.		2.0710alkaloid ester;
hemiaminal;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
vinca alkaloid		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite;
vasodilator agent
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl: structure in first source		2.610bipyridines
dichlorobenzyl alcohol
2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by chlorines.		2.610benzyl alcohols;
dichlorobenzene		antiseptic drug
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		2.0510benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		2.0510aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		2.0510benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
muscarine
[no description available]		2.0710
thioflavin t
thioflavin T: RN given refers to chloride; structure. thioflavine T : An organic chloride salt having 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium as the counterion. It is widely used to visualise and quantify the presence of amyloids, both in vitro and in vivo.		2.0710organic chloride saltfluorochrome;
geroprotector;
histological dye
sulfadoxine
Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimalarial
acadesine
[no description available]		2.05101-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
thiocholchicine
thiocholchicine: RN refers to (S)-isomer		3.1510
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		2.8230dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.0510organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.		2.4320fluorescein isothiocyanate
mannose
mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.		2.5220D-aldohexose;
D-mannose;
mannopyranose		metabolite
palmatine
burasaine: structure in first source		3.1910berberine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		plant metabolite
iproclozide
iproclozide: structure		2.0510aromatic ether
ecdysone
[no description available]		2.071014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
6-oxo steroid;
ecdysteroid		prohormone
streptomycin
[no description available]		2.0510antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
dideoxyadenosine
Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.		2.610adenosines;
purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
cladribine
[no description available]		2.0510organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
tabersonine
[no description available]		2.1710alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
carbenicillin disodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine
dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.		2.0510aromatic ether;
isoquinolines;
pyridoisoquinoline		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug
benorilate
benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin		2.0510carbonyl compound
trimetazidine
Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.		2.0510aromatic amine
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
vidarabine
adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.		2.5420beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
iodinated glycerol
iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant		1.9910dioxolane
3-deazaadenosine
3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.		2.610
helenalin
helenalin: toxic principle of Helenium microcephalum (smallhead sneezeweed); structure. helenalin : A sesquiterpene lactone that is 3,3a,4,4a,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 4a and 8 and a methylidene group at position 3 (the 3aS,4S,4aR,7aR,8R,9aR stereoisomer).. NF-kappaB inhibitor : An inhibitor of NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), a protein complex involved in the transcription of DNA.		3.1510cyclic ketone;
gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
sesquiterpene lactone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
tiadenol
tiadenol: structure		2.0510aliphatic sulfide
n-deacetyl-n-formylcolchicine
N-deacetyl-N-formylcolchicine: structure given in first source		2.0710cyclic ketone
palladium
Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.		2.2510metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
titanium
Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.		3.3510titanium group element atom
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.		3.0640copper group element atom;
elemental gold
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		2.8230pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
galactosamine
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine.		7.0610D-galactosamine;
primary amino compound		toxin
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		5.53120delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.		2.0310dihydrogen
fluorine
Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.		7.6920diatomic fluorine;
gas molecular entity		NMR chemical shift reference compound
cadmium chloride
Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.		7.1710cadmium coordination entity
ancitabine
Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.		2.610diol;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
stanozolol
Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anabolic agent;
androgen
chloropyramine
chloropyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610aminopyridine
rhamnose
[no description available]		2.610L-rhamnose
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		2.05101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
diacerein
diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;		2.3110anthraquinone
xipamide
Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.		2.0510benzamides
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		2.0510selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
levamisole
Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.		2.54206-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleantinematodal drug;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
immunomodulator
7-methyljuglone
7-methyljuglone: antineoplastic from roots of Euclea natalensis and Drosera aliciae; structure in first source		3.1710hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
thiamphenicol
[no description available]		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfone		antimicrobial agent;
immunosuppressive agent
pizotyline
Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.		2.0510benzocycloheptathiophenehistamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
isosorbide-5-mononitrate
isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug		2.0510glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
n'-nitrosonornicotine
N'-nitrosonornicotine: structure; a potent carcinogen in laboratory animals		2.610pyridines;
pyrrolidines
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		3.470acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
1-deoxynojirimycin
1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration.		2.04102-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol;
piperidine alkaloid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		2.5420aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
carbimazole
Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.05101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones;
carbamate ester		antithyroid drug;
prodrug
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate
[no description available]		2.0710methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		3.6120indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
zingerone
zingerone: pungent principle of ginger; structure. zingerone : A methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger.		2.0710methyl ketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antiemetic;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		3.460benzenes;
phenyl acetates
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin
[no description available]		2.0510indoles
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.		2.0510chlorocarbon;
chloroethenes		nephrotoxic agent
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		2.0510bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
benzonidazole
benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.		2.1310C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antiprotozoal drug
butachlor
butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.		2.0510aromatic amide;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
rose bengal b disodium salt
[no description available]		2.0510
alkenes
[no description available]		2.0810
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.5120glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
cefazolin
Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
tetrazoles;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		2.1510pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		2.0510timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
nicergoline
Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.		2.0510organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
amineptin
amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.		2.0510amino acid;
carbocyclic fatty acid;
carbotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		5.79160azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pirprofen
pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure		2.0510pyrroline
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		2.5220amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		5.84160taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		4.7690beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		2.0510catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
diflubenzuron
Diflubenzuron: An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.. diflubenzuron : A benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group.		2.1310benzoylurea insecticide;
monochlorobenzenes		insect sterilant
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		4.11401-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		2.520alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.		2.0710butyrate ester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0710beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		2.0510aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		2.0510L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
pyridoxal phosphate
[no description available]		2.610pyridinecarbaldehyde
bezafibrate
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		2.0510
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.05105-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
lonidamine
lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively.		7.520dichlorobenzene;
indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		antineoplastic agent;
antispermatogenic agent;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.		2.4520alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		2.05101,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
permethrin
hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141		2.0510cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
cyclopropanes		agrochemical;
ectoparasiticide;
pyrethroid ester acaricide;
pyrethroid ester insecticide;
scabicide
quisqualic acid
Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.		2.4420non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
pirfenidone
pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.		2.0510pyridoneantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.0610chromanol;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger;
Wnt signalling inhibitor
mefloquine
(-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.		3.3110[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanolantimalarial
desogestrel
Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
muzolimine
Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.		2.0510dichlorobenzene
nitazoxanide
nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug		2.610benzamides;
carboxylic ester
acarbose
[no description available]		2.1510tetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		2.0510aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
desflurane
Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.		2.0510organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		2.5420alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone
Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug
staurosporine
[no description available]		2.5920indolocarbazole alkaloid;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
geroprotector
foscarnet sodium
trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antiviral drug
cetaben
[no description available]		2.0710
oltipraz
oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.		2.6101,2-dithiole;
pyrazines		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimutagen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin;
protective agent;
schistosomicide drug
moxalactam
Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.		2.0510cephalosporin;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
nicorandil
Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.		2.0510nitrate ester;
pyridinecarboxamide		potassium channel opener;
vasodilator agent
colforsin
Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.		3.3720acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
labdane diterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
triol		adenylate cyclase agonist;
anti-HIV agent;
antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug
encainide
Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.		2.0510benzamides;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
fiacitabine
fiacitabine: anti-herpes virus agent which also inhibits growth of certain human tumor cell lines in vitro.		2.610
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
miglustat
miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.		2.0510piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
swainsonine
Swainsonine: An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.. swainsonine : An indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens with three hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2 and 8.		2.4920indolizidine alkaloidantineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.114 (mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
plant metabolite
cefotetan
Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.		2.0510
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		3.620delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
tolrestat
tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source		2.0610naphthalenesEC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		2.0510aromatic ketone
piritrexim
piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510
castanospermine
castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe. castanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer).		2.4920indolizidine alkaloidanti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		3.620delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		2.05103-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
atomoxetine hydrochloride
Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.		2.0510hydrochlorideadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
quinapril
Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
gepirone
gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		3.620N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		2.05103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
ranolazine
Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.		2.610aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol
brequinar
brequinar : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline substituted by 2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl, methyl, carboxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. It is an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that is required for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The compound exhibits antineoplastic and antiviral properties.		2.610biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
fura-2
Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.		210
imiquimod
Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.		2.610imidazoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
interferon inducer
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.6106-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		2.0510fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		2.05101-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		2.0510methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		2.5420phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
bromfenac
bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.		2.0510aromatic amino acid;
benzophenones;
organobromine compound;
substituted aniline		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celgosivir
celgosivir: inhibits glycoprotein processing & the growth of HIVs		2.610
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		3.4760organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
remifentanil
Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.		7.1710alpha-amino acid ester;
anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidinecarboxylate ester		intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
sedative
atorvastatin
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		340monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine
[no description available]		2.0510duloxetine
irinotecan
[no description available]		2.4520carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		2.5420biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.610guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
adefovir dipivoxil
bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.54206-aminopurines;
carbonate ester;
ether;
organic phosphonate		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent;
prodrug
emtricitabine
Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		2.6120monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidone		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		2.0510carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		2.8730adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
octyl gallate
[no description available]		2.610gallate esterfood antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
4-propionyloxy-4-phenyl-n-methylpiperidine
4-propionyloxy-4-phenyl-N-methylpiperidine: causes parkinsonism; structure in first source		2.0210
dehydroabietylamine
dehydroabietylamine: has antimalarial activity; structure in first source		2.1710diterpenoid
acridine orange
Acridine Orange: A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.. acridine orange : Fluorescent dye useful for cell cycle determination. It is cell-permeable, and interacts with DNA and RNA by intercalation or electrostatic attractions respectively.. acridine orange free base : A member of the class of aminoacridines that is acridine carrying two dimethylamino substituents at positions 3 and 6. The hydrochloride salt is the fluorescent dye 'acridine orange', used for cell cycle determination.		2.0510aminoacridines;
aromatic amine;
tertiary amino compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
daunorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710anthracycline
halofuginone
[no description available]		2.0510quinazolines
ortho-cept
ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne		2.0510
cefprozil
[no description available]		2.0510cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.8330acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		4.1140aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
doxapram hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510hydrochloridecentral nervous system stimulant
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		4130D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
mevastatin
mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.		2.07102-pyranones;
carboxylic ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.25102-benzofuransfluorochrome
ursolic acid
[no description available]		8.711160hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol
1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.		2.0510anhydro sugarhuman metabolite
norharman
norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.		2.0710beta-carbolines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent		fungal metabolite;
marine metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.4620organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
calanolide a
calanolide A: NSC 661122 and costatolide are isomers; a novel HIV-inhibitory class of coumarin derivatives from the tropical rainforest tree, Calophyllum lanigerum (Clusiaceae); structure in first source. (+)-calanolide A : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 11,12-dihydro-2H,6H,10H-dipyrano[2,3-f:2',3'-h]chromen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12, methyl groups at positions 6, 6, 10 and 11 and a propyl group at position 4 (the 10R,11S,12S stereoisomer). Isolated from Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum and Calophyllum brasiliense, it exhibits potent activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.		3.5720cyclic ether;
delta-lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
platanic acid
platanic acid: inhibits HIV replication; isolated from Syzigium claviflorum; structure in first source. platanic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 30-norlupan-28-oic acid substituted by a 3beta-hydroxy and an oxo group at position 20. It is isolated from the leaves of Syzygium claviflorum and exhibits anti-HIV activity.		8.6790hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
methyl ketone;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
metabolite
arctigenin
arctigenin: precursor to catechols; in many plants		2.7620lignan
baicalin
[no description available]		3.930dihydroxyflavone;
glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antiatherosclerotic agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
plerixafor
plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.		2.610azacycloalkane;
azamacrocycle;
benzenes;
crown amine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist;
immunological adjuvant
amprenavir
[no description available]		2.5420carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir
Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.		2.610acetamides;
amino acid ester;
cyclohexenecarboxylate ester;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		2.5720flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine
[no description available]		2.0510
xanthyletine
xanthyletine: structure		2.4620coumarins
lissamine rhodamine b
lissamine rhodamine B: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lissamine Rhodamine B refers to Na salt		2.0610
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose
pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.		2.7930gallate ester;
galloyl beta-D-glucose		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent;
radical scavenger
cephalotaxine
[no description available]		2.610benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
dihydrobetulinic acid
dihydrobetulinic acid: structure given in first source. dihydrobetulinic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a 3beta-hydroxy and 28-carboxy substituents. Isolated from the leaves of Syzygium claviflorum, it exhibits anti-HIV and antileishmanial activity.		2.3920hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
antileishmanial agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
metabolite
desipramine hydrochloride
desipramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of desipramine.		2.610hydrochloridedrug allergen
mefloquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610hydrochloride
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.4820glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
baccatin iii
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
benzoate ester;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		plant metabolite
taleranol
taleranol: a metabolite of ZEARALENONE which is a non-steroidal estrogenic lactone used as an anabolic compound in animal feed; a stereoisomer of ZERANOL (alpha-zearalanol)		2.0710macrolide
narasin
[no description available]		2.0710diterpene glycoside
quassin
quassin: article discusses quassinoid principle; structure		2.0710triterpenoid
tomatidine
tomatidine: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure. tomatidine : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid resulting from the substitution of the 3beta-hydrogen of tomatidane by a hydroxy group.		2.07103beta-hydroxy steroid;
azaspiro compound;
oxaspiro compound
bendamustine
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
erdosteine
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.		2.5720epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor
propazole
propazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610benzimidazoles
rutecarpine
rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules		2.0710beta-carbolines
mizolastine
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
prulifloxacin
prulifloxacin: structure given in first source		2.610fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic
intoplicine
intoplicine: structure in first source		2.0510pyridoindole
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		2.5420benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
bergenin
bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure		2.5720trihydroxybenzoic acidmetabolite
dexfenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.		2.0510fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		2.462017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		4.911001,2,3-triazole
pinocembrin
pinocembrin : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. A natural product found in Piper sarmentosum and Cryptocarya chartacea.		4.3930(2S)-flavan-4-one;
dihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
vasodilator agent
isoimperatorin
isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.1310psoralensEC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite
miconazole nitrate
miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.0710
medetomidine
Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.		2.0510imidazoles
sertraline
Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
secondary amino compound;
tetralins		antidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
picosulfate sodium
picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure		2.0510aryl sulfate;
pyridines
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		2.6101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
artemisinin
(+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		2.6320organic peroxide;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimalarial;
plant metabolite
brinzolamide
brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent		2.610sulfonamide;
thienothiazine		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dienogest
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
aliphatic nitrile;
steroid hormone		progesterone receptor agonist;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
indole-3-carboxylic acid
indole-3-carboxylic acid : An indole-3-carboxylic acid carrying a carboxy group at position 3.		2.110indol-3-yl carboxylic acidbacterial metabolite;
human metabolite
isoscopoletin
isoscopoletin : A hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone.		2.0710aromatic ether;
hydroxycoumarin		plant metabolite
morphazinamide
morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index		2.0510morpholines;
pyrazines;
secondary carboxamide
dipropylacetamide
dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.		2.610fatty amidegeroprotector;
metabolite;
teratogenic agent
oxprenolol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610
vinburnine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		2.0510razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
tocophersolan
tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.2510tocol
opipramol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		2.0510conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
moroxydine
[no description available]		2.610biguanides
cyclobutyrol
cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acidbile therapy drug
terlipressin
terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.		2.0510polypeptide
thioxolone
tioxolone : A 1,3-benzoxathiole having a hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.		2.610benzoxathioleantiseborrheic
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor		3.1310
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.7430catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
hesperetin
[no description available]		2.07103'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
magnolol
[no description available]		3.6730biphenyls
honokiol
[no description available]		10.3960biphenyls
isoflavone
[no description available]		2.0510isoflavones
chelerythrine chloride
[no description available]		2.0710
betulin
betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.		8.631080diol;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		analgesic;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
metabolite
clevudine
[no description available]		2.0510
tetrahydroalstonine
tetrahydroalstonine : A heteropentacyclic compound that is (20alpha)-16,17-didehydro-18-oxayohimban which is substituted at position 16 by a methoxycarbonyl group and at position 19 by a methyl group. It is a metabolite found in several plant species.		2.0710methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
yohimban alkaloid		plant metabolite
hernandezine
hernandezine: from Thalictrum glandulosissimum; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/91		2.0710bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
nobiletin
nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.610methoxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lycorine
lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.		3.8220indolizidine alkaloidanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
rpr 103611
RPR 103611: a statine derivative; structure given in first source		2.3920
suksdorfin
suksdorfin: from the fruit of Lomatium sukdorfi; structure given in first source		4.1120
leupeptin
[no description available]		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		bacterial metabolite;
calpain inhibitor;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
picropodophyllin
picropodophyllin: isolated from American May apple (Podophyllum); inhibits IGF-I autophosphorylation without interfering with tyrosine kinase activity. picropodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that has a furonaphthodioxole skeleton bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and hydroxy substituents.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
zaluzanin C
zaluzanin C: from Ainsliaea yunnanensis and Zaluzania robinsonii; structure in first source. zaluzanin C : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one substituted by methylidene groups at positions 3, 6 and 9 and a hydroxy group at position 8.		3.5820gamma-lactone;
guaiane sesquiterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
sesquiterpene lactone		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
pacein
PAcein: structure. pacein : A member of the class of benzofurans that is dibenzo[b,d]furan-3,7-dione bearing two methyl substituents at positions 1 and 9 as well as two 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylanilino substituents at positions 2 and 8.. orcein : A variable mixture of several compounds isolated from lichens, the eight most abundant being alpha-aminoorcein, alpha-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorcein, gamma-aminoorcein, beta-hydroxyorcein, gamma-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorceimine and beta-aminoorceimine (all are phenoxazine-based). It is used for the demonstration of elastic fibres as well as to stain the rough endoplasmic reticulum of hepatitis B infected liver cells.		3.3110
tetrandrine
tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity		2.830bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
beta-amyrin
beta-amyrin: alpha-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from oleanane that differs from alpha-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 20 position; RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer. beta-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane substituted at the 3beta-position by a hydroxy group and containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13. It is one of the most commonly occurring triterpenoids in higher plants.		4.5790pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-amyrin
alpha-amyrin: beta-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from taraxasterol that differs from beta-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 19 position. alpha-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursane which contains a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group.		3.5780pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol
dehydrocostus lactone
dehydrocostus lactone : An organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone.		2.7630gamma-lactone;
guaiane sesquiterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
Tormentic acid
tormentic acid: aglycone of Rosamultin		2.1510triterpenoidmetabolite
heraclenol
heraclenol: isolated from the herb Huanghuaren		3.1510
pulsatilla saponin a
Pulsatilla saponin A: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Pulsatilla chinensis; structure in first source. kalopanaxsaponin A : A triterpenoid saponin that is hederagenin attached to a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus.		2.0510disaccharide derivative;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triterpenoid saponin		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
hederagenin
[no description available]		3.98120dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin		plant metabolite
echinocystic acid
[no description available]		2.5420triterpenoid
calpeptin
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
gliclazide
18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid: a gap junction inhibitor		3.2510
madecassic acid
[no description available]		3.2150monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tetrol		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
fangchinoline
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
macrocycle		anti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
betulinic acid methyl ester
betulinic acid methyl ester: from the roots of Saussurea lappa; structure in first source		3.6490triterpenoid
panaxadiol
panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer		2.0710triterpenoid saponin
tryptanthrine
tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
corilagin
corilagin: isolated from Geranii herba. corilagin : An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.		2.1110ellagitannin;
gallate ester		antihypertensive agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
homoeriodictyol
homoeriodictyol: structure in first source. homoeriodictyol : A trihydroxyflavanone that consists of 3'-methoxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4', 5, and 7.		2.07103'-methoxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		flavouring agent;
metabolite
arjunolic acid
arjunolic acid: oleanane type; isol from Cochlospermum tinctorium (Bixaceae); structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2alpha,3beta,4alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/89. arjunolic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 23 (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). Isolated from Symplocos lancifolia and Juglans sinensis, it exhibits antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.		4.2650hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
maslinic acid
(2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria		4.55220dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
atovaquone
Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.		2.610hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
4-hydroxyindole
hydroxyindoles : Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group.		2.0710hydroxyindoles;
phenols
eucalyptin
eucalyptin: structure in first source		2.5220
methyl alpha-d-galactopyranoside
methyl-galactopyranoside: structure in first source. methyl alpha-D-galactoside : An alpha-D-galactoside having a methyl substituent at the anomeric position.		2.0410alpha-D-galactoside;
methyl D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative
3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid
3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid: metabolite of flavoxate; RN in Chemline for the Na salt: 58348-97-3. 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of flavones that is flavone substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 8 by a carboxylic acid group.		2.0110flavones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		2.4820aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
bexarotene
[no description available]		3.2710benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent
eriocitrin
eriocitrin: structure in first source. eriocitrin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.07103'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
rutinoside;
trihydroxyflavanone		antioxidant
chloroquine diphosphate
[no description available]		2.2110
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		2.0510macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
asperuloside
asperuloside : A iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum.		1.9810acetate ester;
beta-D-glucoside;
gamma-lactone;
iridoid monoterpenoid;
monosaccharide derivative		metabolite
loganin
[no description available]		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
cyclopentapyran;
enoate ester;
iridoid monoterpenoid;
methyl ester;
monosaccharide derivative;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
7,8-dihydromethysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		2.47203-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
cinchonine
[no description available]		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
moexipril
[no description available]		2.610peptide
aucubin
[no description available]		2.5720organic molecular entitymetabolite
lupinine
lupinine: RN given refers to parent cpd(1R-trans)-isomer; structure		2.0710quinolizidine alkaloid
matrine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
friedelin
3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork.		4.01130cyclic terpene ketone;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
plant metabolite
inermin
inermin: phytoalexin produced in plants after injection with fungi; RN given refers to (cis-(+-))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (-)-maackiain : The (-)-enantiomer of maackiain.		3.1710maackiain
catalpol
[no description available]		2.5720organic molecular entitymetabolite
quinine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
sarsasapogenin
[no description available]		2.0710sapogenin
taraxerol
taraxerol: structure. taraxerol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15.		3.3260pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		metabolite
beta-amyrin acetate
[no description available]		2.0810triterpenoid
3-acetyllupeol
3-acetyllupeol: from root of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud; RN refers to (3beta)-isomer		2.4220organic molecular entitymetabolite
lupenone
lupenone: structure in first source		2.9640triterpenoidmetabolite
adenosine 5'-methylenediphosphate
[no description available]		2.4110nucleoside diphosphate analogue
spathulenol
[no description available]		2.4920carbotricyclic compound;
olefinic compound;
sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		anaesthetic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
volatile oil component
lekoptin
(S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.		2.6102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
mci 9038
[no description available]		3.2710peptide
lopinavir
[no description available]		2.0510amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
corynanthine
Corynanthine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
prunin protein, prunus
prunin protein, Prunus: a legumin-like type of globulin; structure given in first source. naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		antibacterial agent;
antilipemic drug;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite
uvaol
uvaol: from Vauquelinia corymbosa (Rosaceae)		3.75100triterpenoidmetabolite
gypsogenin
gypsogenin: originally from Gypsophila species; structure in first source. gypsogenin : A sapogenin that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 23.		2.0810aldehyde;
monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin
podocarpic acid
podocarpic acid: structure. podocarpic acid : An abietane diterpenoid lacking the isopropyl substituent with an aromatic C-ring and a hydroxy group at the 12-position.		2.4520abietane diterpenoid
sugiol
sugiol: diterpene with anti-inflammatory activity from Calocedrus formosana bark; structure in first source. sugiol : An abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which the methylene group para to the phenolic hydroxy group has been substituted by an oxo group.		2.9510abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
cyclic terpene ketone;
meroterpenoid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
harmol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
5-Methoxyflavone
5-methoxyflavone: DNA polymerase-beta inhibitor and neuroprotective agent against beta-amyloid toxicity; structure in first source		2.0710ether;
flavonoids
glucuronic acid
Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.		2.1710D-glucuronic acidalgal metabolite
diffractaic acid
difractaic acid: from Lichen, Usnea steineri; active against Gram-positive, multidrug-resistant bacteria; structure in first source		3.1710carbonyl compound
gardenin b
gardenin B: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. gardenin B : A tetramethoxyflavone that is tangeretin in which the methoxy group at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.0210monohydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		plant metabolite
10-hydroxycamptothecin
[no description available]		2.0710pyranoindolizinoquinoline
quindoline
quindoline: a fused indole-quinoline alkaloid from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta; structure		2.1710
diosgenin
[no description available]		7.25103beta-sterol;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin;
spiroketal		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
Lup-20(29)-en-28-al, 3beta-hydroxy-
[no description available]		3.4570triterpenoid
syringaresinol
[no description available]		3.6520aromatic ether;
furofuran;
lignan;
polyether;
polyphenol		plant metabolite
loliolide
loliolide: RN given refers to (6S-cis)-isomer		2.1710benzofuransmetabolite
corydaline
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
friedelinol
friedelinol: isolated from seeds of Aster auriculatus Franch; structure given in first source; RN given refers to friedelanol (friedelinol), the (3alpha)-isomer		2.0310
demissidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
steroid
cinchonidine
cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
erythrodiol
[no description available]		3.5580diol;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		plant metabolite
quillaic acid
quillaic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 16, an oxo group at position 23 and a carboxy group at position 28 (the 3beta,16alpha stereoisomer).		2.0810aldehyde;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
metabolite
n-methyladenosine
N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.		2.610methyladenosine
cobalt
Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.		7.6320cobalt group element atom;
metal allergen		micronutrient
fulvestrant
Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.		2.532017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist
sr141716
[no description available]		2.0510amidopiperidine;
carbohydrazide;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		anti-obesity agent;
appetite depressant;
CB1 receptor antagonist
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		2.0510primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group.		2.110ether;
imidazoles;
monomethoxybenzene		TRP channel blocker
propidium iodide
[no description available]		2.0710organic iodide salt
selenomethionine
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
selenomethionine		plant metabolite
sivelestat
sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source		2.610N-acylglycine;
pivalate ester
pyronaridine
[no description available]		2.610aminoquinoline
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		2.0510alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
tryptoline
tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.5220beta-carbolines
geniposide
[no description available]		2.610terpene glycoside
procyanidin
Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.		2.110proanthocyanidin
deguelin
deguelin: a natural product from Mundulea sericea; RN refers to (7aS-cis)-isomer; structure given in first source. deguelin : A rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers.		2.0710aromatic ether;
diether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
catechin
(+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.		2.0710hydrategeroprotector
fingolimod
fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.		2.0510aminodiol;
primary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
CB1 receptor antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin
daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).		2.81307-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
cafestol
[no description available]		2.0710diterpenoid;
furans;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
primary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
parthenolide
[no description available]		7.7930germacranolide
ecteinascidin 743
[no description available]		2.0510acetate ester;
azaspiro compound;
bridged compound;
hemiaminal;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
lactone;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
organic sulfide;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
deoxyglucose
Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.		2.1710
1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol
RV 538: noninactivating inhibitor of ceramide-UDPG glucosyltransferase; RN given for unspecified HCl; structure given in first source		2.0210
homoorientin
homoorientin: isolated from Swertia japonica; structure given in first source		2.0710flavone C-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
radical scavenger
tephrosin
tephrosin: RN given for (7aR-cis)-isomer; has insecticidal activity; structure in first source. tephrosin : A member of the class of rotenones that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted with geminal methyl groups at position 3, hydroxy group at position 7a and methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10 (the 7aR,13aR stereoisomer). It is isolated from the leaves and twigs of Antheroporum pierrei and exhibits antineoplastic and pesticidal activities.		2.1510aromatic ether;
cyclic ketone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
pesticide
pumiliotoxin c
pumiliotoxin C: isolated from skin of Dendrobates pumilio (frog); see also records for pumiliotoxin A, pumiliotoxin B & pumiliotoxins		2.1710
soyasapogenol b
soyasapogenol B: RN given for (3beta,4beta,22beta)-isomer; structure in first source. soyasapogenol B : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 22beta and 24-positions.		2.3110pentacyclic triterpenoid
taraxasterol
taraxasterol: from Cirsium segetum. taraxasterol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is taraxastane with a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		2.4820pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
metabolite
sophocarpine
[no description available]		2.610
nitisinone
[no description available]		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
cyclohexanones;
mesotrione		EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
marimastat
marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.		2.5420hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
asiatic acid
[no description available]		5.21140monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		angiogenesis modulating agent;
metabolite
clofarabine
[no description available]		2.0510adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
ginsenoside rh2
ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.522012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
elacridar
Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source		2.610
aspidin bb
[no description available]		3.2510
angustmycin a
angustmycin A: structure; from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; inhibits GMP synthesis		2.07106-aminopurines
razadyne
Razadyne: Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.		2.0710
mitiglinide
mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
diazaquinomycin a
diazaquinomycin A: structure given in first source		2.1710quinolone
phytosphingosine
phytosphingosine: differ with an additional hydroxyl at C-4 & no double bond between C-4 & C-5		2.0710amino alcohol;
sphingoid;
triol		mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pd 128042
PD 128042: structure given in first source		2.0710anilide
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
celastrol
[no description available]		4.1640monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin: structure in first source. 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
phenols		antineoplastic agent
betulonic acid
betulonic acid: isolated from Rush javanica; strucure in first source		5.91370triterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
npf-etoposide
NPF-etoposide: RN given refers to (5R-(5alpha,5abeta,8aalpha,9beta))-isomer; structure in first source		3.1510
fullerene c60
Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms.		2.2510fullerenegeroprotector
imatinib mesylate
imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.		2.5220methanesulfonate saltanticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
gefitinib
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine
N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)		2.5720leucine derivative
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine
N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.		2.0510adenosines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organoiodine compound		adenosine A3 receptor agonist
vadimezan
vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.		2.610monocarboxylic acid;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent
e 64
E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)		2.5720dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
epoxy monocarboxylic acid;
guanidines;
L-leucine derivative;
zwitterion		antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
protease inhibitor
fraxinellone
fraxinellone: structure given in first source; RN given for (3R-cis)-isomer		2.17102-benzofurans
glabridin
[no description available]		2.1710hydroxyisoflavansantiplasmodial drug
skullcapflavone ii
skullcapflavone II: cytotoxic principle from Scutellariae radix; structure given in first source. scullcapflavone II : A tetramethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 7, 8 and 6' and hydroxy groups at positons 5 and 2' respectively.		2.1110dihydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		anti-asthmatic drug;
plant metabolite
sericic acid
sericic acid: RN refers to (2alpha,3beta,4beta,19alpha)-isomer; from Vochysia divergens		1.9810
n-benzoylphenylalanylphenylalinol acetate
N-benzoylphenylalanylphenylalinol acetate: metabolite of Aspergillus glaucus		2.0310amphetamines
methotrexate
[no description available]		2.0510dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
antiprimod
azaspirane: structure given in first source		2.0510
sulbactam
[no description available]		2.0510penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil
Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.		2.0510biphenyls
umifenovir
umifenovir: an antiviral agent		2.610indolyl carboxylic acid
safinamide
safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source		2.610amino acid amide
6-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)-7-methyl-2,3,7-trichloro-1-octene
6-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)-7-methyl-2,3,7-trichloro-1-octene: structure given in first source		2.1710monoterpenoid;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
ilomastat
CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor		2.5420hydroxamic acid;
L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acyl-amino acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
omega-n-methylarginine
omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.		2.1510amino acid zwitterion;
arginine derivative;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
cd 437
CD 437: selective for retinoic acid receptors gamma. CD437 : A naphthoic acid that is 6-phenylnaphthylene-2-carboxyic acid in which the phenyl substituent has been substituted at positions 3 and 4 by adamant-1-yl and hydroxy groups, respectively. It acts as a selective agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)gamma and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cells.		2.0510adamantanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
naphthoic acid;
phenols		apoptosis inducer;
retinoic acid receptor gamma agonist
phytol
[no description available]		2.1310
sinensetin
sinensetin: isolated from citrus fruit; exhibit antiadhesive action on platelets. sinensetin : A pentamethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.0710pentamethoxyflavoneplant metabolite
proline
Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
harmalol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
procyanidin b3
procyanidin B3 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (+)-catechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in alpha-configuration. It can be found in red wine, in barley, in beer, in peach or in Jatropha macrantha, the Huanarpo Macho.		2.110biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavan;
polyphenol;
proanthocyanidin		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
metabolite
gl 331
GL 331: structure in first source		3.1510
docetaxel
[no description available]		2.4820hydrate;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		4.3450secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		2.5420carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		2.05109-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).		3.6120azetidines;
beta-lactam;
organofluorine compound		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite
cariporide
cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
tezosentan
tezosentan: structure in first source		2.0510
oleanolic acid 3-acetate
oleanolic acid 3-acetate: from Gardenia jasminoides; RN given for (3beta)-isomer		2.9740
arginylarginine
Arg-Arg : A dipeptide formed from two L-arginine residues.		2.1310dipeptideMycoplasma genitalium metabolite
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		2.0510aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
vx 497
N-3-(3-(3-methoxy-4-oxazol-5-ylphenyl)ureido)benzylcarbamic acid tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester: structure in first source		2.610
jtt 501
JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source		2.0510
bcx 1812
[no description available]		2.6103-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
acetamides;
cyclopentanols;
guanidines		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.		2.0710tropane alkaloid
schizandrin a
schizandrin A: the major lignan, 2-9%, of Schisandra plant; has hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities		3.6220
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		2.5420methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
pseudonicotine
pseudonicotine: structure. (R)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has R-configuration.		2.17103-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
schizandrin b
(+)-schisandrin B : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is found in Fructus Schisandrae and Schisandra chinensis.		2.0710aromatic ether;
cyclic acetal;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
oxacycle;
tannin		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
olmesartan
olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866		2.610biphenylyltetrazoleangiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
telbivudine
[no description available]		2.610pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
torcetrapib
[no description available]		2.1510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
carbamate ester;
quinolines		anticholesteremic drug;
CETP inhibitor
celastrol methyl ester
celastrol methyl ester: isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii; potent inhibitory activity on both Kir2.1 and ERG1 potassium channels, leading to LONG QT SYNDROME		2.610carboxylic ester
resiquimod
S 28463: structure given in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.		2.3110chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
cryptotanshinone
cryptotanshinone: from Salvia miltiorrhiza		2.0710abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
cyc 202
seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.		2.05102,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
isosakuranetin
isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer).		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
monomethoxyflavanone		plant metabolite
nevadensin
nevadensin: from Lysionotus pauceflora Maxim; RN & N1 from 9th CI. nevadensin : A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 8 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively.		2.0210dihydroxyflavone;
trimethoxyflavone		plant metabolite
sweroside
[no description available]		2.1310glycoside
ceanothic acid
ceanothic acid: isolated from Ceanothus americanus; structure in first source		3.1450
hardwickic acid
hardwickic acid: structure given in first source; isolated from the roots of Croton sonderianus; RN given for (+)-isomer		2.0310
leonurine
leonurine: has neuroprotective activity; isolated from leaves of Leonurus artemisia; has uterotonic effect; structure		3.5110trihydroxybenzoic acid
maprounic acid
maprounic acid: from Maprounea africana; structure given in first source. maprounic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from Maprounea africana and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.		2.4920hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
deferrioxamine e
deferrioxamine E: may act as siderophore in Streptomyces. desferrioxamine E : A cyclic hydroxamic acid siderophore that is produced by several bacterial species and exhibits antitumour activity.		2.1710cyclic desferrioxamine;
cyclic hydroxamic acid;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite;
siderophore
isovitexin
[no description available]		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
secoxyloganin
secoxyloganin: from Guettarda playpoda. secoxyloganin : A secoiridoid glycoside that is [(2R,3R,4S)-2-hydroxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-vinyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]acetic acid in which the anometric hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It has been isolated from several plant species and exhibits antioxidant and anti-allergic properties.		2.1310beta-D-glucoside;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
enoate ester;
methyl ester;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrans;
secoiridoid glycoside		anti-allergic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
sclareol
sclareol: structure given in first source. sclareol : A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea.		2.0710labdane diterpenoidantifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
apoptosis inducer;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
methylinositol
methylinositol: from Ebenus haussknechtii; structure in first source. pinitol : A cyclitol ether formed by etherification of the 3-hydroxy group of chiro-inositol. It is plant metabolite isolated from the leaves of Sutherlandia frutescens.. 1D-4-O-methyl-myo-inositol : A member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-isomer).. D-pinitol : The D-enantiomer of pinitol.		3.2510
tanshinone ii a
tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source		2.5720abietane diterpenoid
hamaudol
hamaudol: intermediate in the synthesis of furanochromones		2.4920chromenes
4'-hydroxyflavanone
4'-hydroxyflavanone: structure in first source. 4'-hydroxyflavanones : Any hydroxyflavanone having a hydroxy substituent located at position 4'.		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
monohydroxyflavanone
paromomycin
Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		3.6120amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
avasimibe
[no description available]		2.0510monoterpenoid
mokko lactone
mokko lactone: isolated from mokko, Saussurea lappa; structure in first source		2.4620
anacardic acid
anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybenzoic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
leucodin
leucodin: structure in first source		2.0710sesquiterpene lactone
(22r)-22-hydroxycholesterol
(22R)-22-hydroxycholesterol : An oxysterol that is the 22R-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.		2.021022-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
oxysterol
10-gingerol
[no description available]		3.2510beta-hydroxy ketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
pectolinarin
pectolinarin: antihemorrhagic principle from Chinese plant Cirsium japonicum DC.. pectolinarin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of pectolinarigenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.110dimethoxyflavone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monohydroxyflavanone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone
2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone: from Piper longicaudatum; structure in first source. 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone : A member of the class of dihydrochalcones that is dihydrochalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 6' and a methoxy group at position 4' respectively.		2.0110dihydrochalcones;
monomethoxybenzene;
polyphenol		antiplasmodial drug;
radical scavenger
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		2.0510biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		2.0510
migalastat
migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis		2.610piperidines
oleanolic acid 3-o-monoglucuronide
oleanolic acid 3-O-monoglucuronide: structure given in first source		2.3110beta-D-glucosiduronic acid
sb 203580
[no description available]		2.7830imidazoles;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
scoparianoside b
scoparianoside B: isolated from the fruit of Japanese Kochia scoparia; structure given in first source		2.3110triterpenoid saponin
erlotinib
[no description available]		3.8220aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
erlotinib hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1710hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
protein kinase inhibitor
aromadendrene
aromadendrene: do not confuse with aromadendrin		2.1310sesquiterpenoid
limonin
[no description available]		2.5720epoxide;
furans;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		inhibitor;
metabolite;
volatile oil component
medioresinol
medioresinol: has both leishmanicidal and antifungal activities; isolated from Sambucus williamsii; structure in first source. (-)-medioresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 1 and a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the stems of Sinocalamus affinis.		2.520dimethoxybenzene;
furofuran;
lignan;
polyphenol		plant metabolite
scutellarin
scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone. scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein.		2.8330glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
6-o-veratroyl catalpol
[no description available]		2.4920
santamarine
santamarine: sesquiterpene derivative of costunolide. santamarin : A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group.		2.0710sesquiterpene lactone
ascididemin
ascididemin: can be viewed as a fused phenanthroline with quinoline; from the Mediterranean ascidian Cystodytes dellechiajei; structure in first source		3.1710
etravirine
[no description available]		2.610aminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound		antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
maduramicin
maduramicin: isolated from Actinomadura rubra		2.0710
chelidonine
chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)		2.5720alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		2.4720acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
4-n-butylresorcinol
4-n-butylresorcinol: structure in first source		2.610resorcinols
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		2.610carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
dapivirine
Dapivirine: effectively prevented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in cocultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, representing primary targets in sexual transmission		2.610
deferasirox
Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.		2.0510benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
triazoles		iron chelator
tbc-11251
sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source		2.0510benzodioxoles
sorafenib
[no description available]		2.5720(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
pimaric acid
pimaric acid: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure		3.1710diterpenoid
santonin
Santonin: Anthelmintic isolated from the dried unexpanded flower heads of Artemisia maritima and other species of Artemisia found principally in Russian and Chinese Turkestan and the Southern Ural region. (From Merck, 11th ed.)		2.0710botanical anti-fungal agent;
santonin		plant metabolite
cholic acid
Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.		2.311012alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
7alpha-hydroxy steroid;
bile acid;
C24-steroid;
trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		3.55803beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol
4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol: structure in first source. 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted by an allyl group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6 respectively.		2.4920dimethoxybenzene;
phenols;
phenylpropanoid
gossypol acetic acid
[no description available]		3.1510
3-nitrotyrosine
3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		2.51202-nitrophenols;
C-nitro compound;
nitrotyrosine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
propargylamine
propargylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		7.0810
stigmastanol
stigmastanol: saturated analog of beta-sitosterol; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha)-isomer. stigmastanol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group.		2.03103-hydroxy steroid;
phytosterols		anticholesteremic drug;
plant metabolite
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710organic sulfate saltantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector
nsc 74859
NSC 74859: inhibits Stat3 binding activity; structure in first source. S3I-201 : An amidobenzoic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]acetic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.		2.610amidobenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
tosylate ester		STAT3 inhibitor
gant58
GANT58: inhibits hedgehog signalling; structure in first source		3.1410pyridines
pheophorbide a
pheophorbide a: split product of chlorophyll obtained by saponification of pheophytin		2.0110
anisomycin
Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.		2.0710monohydroxypyrrolidine;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
protein synthesis inhibitor
benzofurans
Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.		2.0110
benzarone
benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure		2.05101-benzofurans
estramustine
Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
radiation protective agent
lupeol
[no description available]		7.08420pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite
acetylstrophanthidin
acetylstrophanthidin: structure. acetylstrophanthidin : An acetate ester that is strophanidin acetylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group.		2.0710acetate esteranti-arrhythmia drug
gardenin a
gardenin A: promotes neurite outgrowth; structure in first source		2.0110
berbamine
[no description available]		2.610bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
noscapine
Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
isobenzofuranone;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antitussive;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
Harringtonine
harringtonin: alkaloid C from Caphalotaxus fortunei		2.0710alkaloid
homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.		3.620alkaloid ester;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
protein synthesis inhibitor
acivicin
[no description available]		2.0710isoxazoles;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		antileishmanial agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor;
glutamine antagonist;
metabolite
ketopinic acid
ketopinic acid: structure in first source		2.0710
u-104
SLC-0111: a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
wortmannin
[no description available]		2.7530acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
malabaricone a
malabaricone A: from Myristica malabarica (rampatri), has antipromastigote activity; structure in first source		3.1710
rocaglamide
rocaglamide: RN refers to (1alpha,2alpha,3beta,3abeta,8bbeta)-isomer; isolated from stems of Aglaia elliptifolia; structure given in first source. rocaglamide : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8b, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 8, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at position 3a, a phenyl group at position 3 and a N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl group at position 1. Isolated from Aglaia odorata and Aglaia duperreana, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.520monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antileishmanial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
amyrin acetate
[no description available]		2.4420
gitoxigenin
gitoxigenin: structure		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
16beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
graveoline
graveoline: structure in first source		2.0710quinolines
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,3abeta,4beta,8aalpha))-isomer; a natural benzyl ester of a carotyl type azulene sesquiterpenoid; structure in first source		2.0710
7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]-1-benzopyran-4-one
[no description available]		2.610glycoside
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.		2.0510carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor;
retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
pomolic acid
pomolic acid: from Rosa woodsii & Hyptis capitata; structure in first source		4.2650triterpenoidmetabolite
bortezomib
[no description available]		2.7930amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
8-deoxygartanin
8-deoxygartanin: a butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor; isolated from Garcinia mangostana; structure in first source		2.4920xanthones
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.54201,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tizoxanide
tizoxanide: major metabolite of nitazoxanide; structure in first source		2.610salicylamides
crinine
crinine: structure in first source		2.1710alkaloid
Bardoxolone
[no description available]		2.0310cyclohexenones
bardoxolone methyl
methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate: structure in first source		3.2510cyclohexenones
nexavar
[no description available]		2.0510organosulfonate salt
gant 61
GANT 61: a sonic hedgehog pathway inhibitor and Gli inhibitor; structure in first source. GANT61 : An aminal that is hexahydropyrimidine which is substituted on each nitrogen by a 2-(dimethylamino)benzyl group, and at the aminal carbon by a pyridin-4-yl group. A Hedgehog signaling pathway and Gli protein inhibitor.		3.1410aminal;
dialkylarylamine;
pyridines;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor
glycogen
glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.		2.110
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510D-glucosamineEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite
carnosine
polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth		2.1310amino acid zwitterion;
dipeptide		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		4.2750(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		2.071011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
puromycin
[no description available]		2.0710puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin
(+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.0710taxifolinmetabolite
mimosine
L-mimosine : An L-alpha-amino acid that is propionic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a 3-hydroxy-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl group at position 3 (the 2S-stereoisomer). It a non-protein plant amino acid isolated from Mimosa pudica.		2.07104-pyridones;
amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
eriodictyol
eriodictyol: structure. eriodictyol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.07103'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone
arbutin
hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.5720beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
strychnine
Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.		2.7530monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		avicide;
cholinergic antagonist;
glycine receptor antagonist;
neurotransmitter agent;
rodenticide
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		340cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
conessine
conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.		2.5720steroid alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
H3-receptor antagonist;
plant metabolite
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		2.0510alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		2.47201-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
monensin
Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.		2.2510cyclic hemiketal;
monocarboxylic acid;
polyether antibiotic;
spiroketal		antifungal agent;
coccidiostat;
ionophore
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		2.4720cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		2.5420L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
limonene-1,2-epoxide
limonene-1,2-epoxide: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (4R)-limonene 1,2-epoxide : The (R)-enantiomer of limonene 1,2-epoxide.		3.2510limonene 1,2-epoxide
hyperforin
hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.		2.0710
abacavir
abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.61202,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
drug allergen;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin
Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.		2.0510
trimethaphan camsylate
trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.		2.0510
erythromycin estolate
Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.		2.0510aminoglycoside sulfate salt;
erythromycin derivative		enzyme inhibitor
delavirdine mesylate
delavirdine mesylate : The monomethanesulfonic acid salt of delavirdine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.0210methanesulfonate saltantiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
linezolid
[no description available]		2.610acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
deltaline
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
cyclic acetal;
diterpene alkaloid;
organic polycyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
3-o-(alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl)hederagenin
Akebia saponin PA: isolated from Dipsacus asperoides; structure in first source. hederagenin 3-O-arabinoside : A triterpenoid saponin that is hederagenin attached to an alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0510alpha-L-arabinopyranoside;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monosaccharide derivative;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triterpenoid saponin		plant metabolite
beta-hederin
beta-hederin: derived from beta-amyrin; other hederigenin based saponins are available		2.0510triterpenoid
carnosol
carnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastata		7.0810diterpenoid
ferruginol
ferruginol: structure in first source. ferruginol : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 12.		2.9510abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
meroterpenoid;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite;
protective agent
ingenol
[no description available]		2.0710cyclic terpene ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid
cephaelin
cephaelin: do not confuse with cephalin of brain; after emetine this is the most important alkaloid of ipecac; protein synthesis inhibitor. cephaeline : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6'-position and methoxy substituents at the 7'-, 10- and 11-positions.		2.610pyridoisoquinoline
asebogenin
asebogenin: from Piper longicaudatum; structure in first source. asebogenin : A member of the class of dihydrochalcones that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of phloretin.		2.0110dihydrochalconesplant metabolite
micheliolide
micheliolide: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.1710sesquiterpene lactone
picrotin
picrotin: the less toxic component of PICROTOXIN lacking GABA activity. picrotin : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is picrotoxinin in which the olefinic double bond has undergone addition of water to give the corresponding tertiary alcohol. It is the less toxic component of picrotoxin, lacking GABA activity.		2.0710diol;
epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
picrotoxinin
[no description available]		2.0710epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		GABA antagonist;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
11alpha,13-dihydrohelenalin
[no description available]		3.1510sesquiterpene lactone
naringin
[no description available]		2.4820(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isonaringin
isonaringin: structure in first source. narirutin : A disaccharide derivative that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
altholactone
altholactone: structure in first source		3.1710furopyran
ochratoxin a
ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.		2.0710isochromanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine;
organochlorine compound;
phenylalanine derivative		Aspergillus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
mycotoxin;
nephrotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
teratogenic agent
5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone
baicalein 5,6,7-trimethyl ether: stimulates fatty acid beta-oxidation; structure in first source. 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone : A trimethoxyflavone that is the 5,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of baicalein. It has been isolated from the plant Callicarpa japonica and has been shown to exhibit antiviral activity.		2.0110trimethoxyflavoneanti-HSV-1 agent;
plant metabolite
(-)-usnic acid
(-)-usnic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of usnic acid.		2.610usnic acidEC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
vicenin ii
vicenin: isolated from the leaves of the Indian plant Ocimum sanctum were tested for their radioprotective effect in mice. isovitexin 8-C-beta-glucoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.3110C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
Chebulagic acid
[no description available]		2.0110tannin
gingerol
gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.		3.6120beta-hydroxy ketone;
guaiacols		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
securinine
securinine: a quinolizine pseudoalkaloid (not from amino acid) from Securinega suffurutiosa or Securinini nitras		2.0710indolizines
hinokinin
hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).		2.9510benzodioxoles;
gamma-lactone;
lignan		trypanocidal drug
Dubinidine
[no description available]		2.0710organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
cyclopamine
[no description available]		3.8530piperidinesglioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
lignans
Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)		4.7100
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal: a proteasome inhibitor. acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal : A tripeptide composed of N-acetylleucyl, leucyl and norleucinal residues joined in sequence.		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		cysteine protease inhibitor
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.		2.4420tripeptide
devazepide
Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
indolecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
gastrointestinal drug
diprenorphine
Diprenorphine: A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.		2.2110morphinane alkaloid
cromakalim
[no description available]		3.27101-benzopyran
actinonin
actinonin: natural hydroxamic acid, pseudopeptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species; structure		3.1310
1-O-Acetyllycorine
1-acetyllycorine: has antiviral activity; structure in first source		3.3110alkaloid
pancracine
pancracine: structure in first source		2.1710isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent;
isoquinoline alkaloid
tolterodine
[no description available]		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
doxorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720anthracycline
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
erythromycin derivative;
ethyl ester;
succinate ester
vinpocetine
vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		2.0710alkaloidgeroprotector
ao 128
AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source		2.0510organic molecular entity
dihydroergocristine monomesylate
dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.		2.0710methanesulfonate saltalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		2.5520cyclodextrin
acarbose
[no description available]		2.7730amino cyclitol;
glycoside
trichostatin a
trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES		2.110antibiotic antifungal agent;
hydroxamic acid;
trichostatin		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		2.4720retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		2.4220icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
alpha-cyclodextrin
alpha-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of six alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units.		2.1310cyclodextrin
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		4.6540resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		2.0510retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.0510D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate
efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.		2.0510docosahexaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		2.9540octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		2.5420macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		2.8130ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
cerivastatin
cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pyridines;
statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin
rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidines;
statin (synthetic);
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		2.0510benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		2.0510icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
thapsigargin
Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.		2.9740butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.47202-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		2.0510
lycopene
[no description available]		2.610acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
fosfomycin
Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.		2.0510epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		2.8630macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
drf 2725
ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma		2.0510
epothilone b
[no description available]		3.2710epothilone;
epoxide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
microtubule-stabilising agent
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		2.0510olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
alitretinoin
Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.		2.4720retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
roflumilast
[no description available]		2.7620aromatic ether;
benzamides;
chloropyridine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
L-cycloserine
L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.		2.57204-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-oneanti-HIV agent;
anticonvulsant;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89
N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		2.610N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
afimoxifene
afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.		2.1310phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
metabolite
decitabine
[no description available]		2.05102'-deoxyribonucleoside
teniposide
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside;
cyclic acetal;
furonaphthodioxole;
gamma-lactone;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
iridoids
Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES).		2.1510
12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710phorbol estermetabolite
artenimol
[no description available]		2.2110
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		3.1350actinomycinmutagen
gamma-sitosterol
clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.		4.462103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
phytosterols		marine metabolite;
plant metabolite
bevirimat
bevirimat: an HIV inhibitor; disrupts late step in processing HIV Major Core Protein p24, preventing the capsid precursor p25 from being converted to mature capsid p24. bevirimat : A pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained by the formal condensation of 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of betulinic acid. It is isolated from the Chinese herb Syzygium claviflorum. The first in the class of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors to be studied in humans, bevirimat was identified as a potent HIV drug candidate and several clinical trials were conducted, but development into a new drug was plagued by numerous resistance-related problems.		5.73150dicarboxylic acid monoester;
monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		HIV-1 maturation inhibitor;
metabolite
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
aphidicolin
Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.		2.4720tetracyclic diterpenoidantimicrobial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
apoptosis inducer;
Aspergillus metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		7.4420L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.		2.610amino aldehyde;
carbamate ester;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
ic9564
IC9564: betulinic acid derivative; structure in first source		4.2250
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.5420nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
posaconazole
[no description available]		3.8220aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxolanes;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		trypanocidal drug
gw 257406x
maribavir: has antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus		2.610
euscaphic acid
euscaphic acid: isolated from medicinal plant, Euscaphis japonica Pax.; structure; RN given refers to 2alpha,3alpha-isomer. euscaphic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.		2.9840hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		plant metabolite
rubitecan
rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
betulonal
betulonal: originally isolated from white birch bark (Betula pendula); structure in first source		2.9240
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		2.0510antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
(+)-usnic acid
[no description available]		2.0710usnic acid
beta, beta-dimethylacrylshikonin, (+)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
shikonin
shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities		2.5720hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
reynosin
reynosin: sesquiterpene derivative of costunolide. reynosin : A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group, found particularly in Magnolia grandiflora and Laurus nobilis.		2.0710organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		metabolite
4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[3-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610tropane alkaloid
cmx 001
[no description available]		2.610
amd 8664
[no description available]		2.610
3-epi-betulinic acid
[no description available]		2.7430
bay 41-4109
BAY 41-4109: structure in first source		2.610
moronic acid
moronic acid: from root bark extract of Ozoroa mucronata; RN & N1 from 9th CI. moronic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-18-ene substituted at position 3 by an oxo group and position 28 by a carboxy group.		8.5620pentacyclic triterpenoidanti-HIV agent;
anti-HSV-1 agent;
metabolite
morolic acid
morolic acid: from Pistacia terebinthus galls; structure in first source		2.4220
bay 57-1293
pritelivir: herpes simplex virus 1 helicase-primase inhibitor		2.610
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		2.0510flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
2'-c-methylcytidine
2'-C-methylcytidine: structure in first source		2.610
isoxanthohumol
isoxanthohumol: structure in first source		2.610flavanones
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous
Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.		2.0510organic sodium saltNMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate
Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.		2.0510organic sodium saltalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
spathulenol
spathulenol: sesquiterpene alcohol isolated from essential oils of Artemisia vulgaris L. & Artemisia dracunculus L.. spathulenol : A tricyclic sesquiterpenoid that is 4-methylidenedecahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene carrying three methyl substituents at positions 1, 1 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 7.		2.1310
dipyrone
Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.		2.0510organic sodium saltanti-inflammatory agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug;
prodrug
ditiocarb sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-n-hydroxybutanamide
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide: a c-FLIP inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
4-phenylcoumarin
4-phenylcoumarin: structure given in first source. 4-phenylcoumarin : The simplest member of the class of neoflavones that is coumarin substituted by a phenyl group at position 4.		2.110neoflavones
mecarbinate
[no description available]		2.610
carbenoxolone
[no description available]		3.9330
methyl ursolate
methyl ursolate: structure in first source		3.3820
rhapontin
rhapontin: constituent of rhubarb rhizome		2.0710rhaponticinangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
cinnamaldehyde
3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.		3.25103-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
anethole
anethole: an isomer of estragole; structurally similar to CAPSAICIN; has some neurological and insecticidal and skin absorption effects; RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer. anethole : A monomethoxybenzene that is methoxybenzene substituted by a prop-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.. trans-anethole : The trans-stereoisomer of anethole.		3.2510anetholeflavouring agent
glycosides
[no description available]		3.85110
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		1.9910chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
isomethyleugenol
Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		2.0410isomethyleugenol
citral
citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.		3.3110enal;
monoterpenoid;
polyprenal		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
piperine
piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.		2.5220benzodioxoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary carboxamide		food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
squalene
Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate		4.1140triterpenehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
stilbenes
Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.		3.1510stilbene
isoliquiritigenin
[no description available]		3.9130chalconesantineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
GABA modulator;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor antagonist
trichodermamide b
trichodermamide B: from cultures of the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma virens; structure in first source		2.1710
cardamonin
cardamonin: found in Zingiberaceae; structure in first source		3.3110chalcones
rauwolscine
Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.0710methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide
[no description available]		2.0510diterpenoid
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		2.0510olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal: a capase inhibitor. Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-H : A tetrapeptide consisting of two L-aspartic acid residues, an L-glutamyl residue and an L-valine residue with an acetyl group at the N-terminal and with the C-terminal carboxy group reduced to an aldehyde. It is an inhibitor of caspase-3/7.		2.610tetrapeptideprotease inhibitor
amygdalin
[no description available]		1.9810
amygdalin
(R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.		2.0710amygdalinantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
lanatoside c
lanatoside C: RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,12beta)-isomer		3.3110
hydrastine, (r-(r*,s*))-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
octotropine methylbromide
octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.		2.610
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		2.0510pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
prothionamide
Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.		2.0510pyridines
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		3.5880
etomidate
Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.		2.0510ethyl ester;
imidazoles		intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		2.5420aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
vasicine
vasicine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer		2.0710
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.		2.0710catechols;
polyphenol;
resorcinols;
stilbenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
jrf 12
N2,N4-dibenzylquinazoline-2,4-diamine: a selective, potent, reversible, and ATP-competitive p97 inhibitor		2.610
dehydrovomifoliol
dehydrovomifoliol: isolated from Litsea sessilis; structure in first source. (6S)-dehydrovomifoliol : A dehydrovomifoliol that has S-configuration at the chiral centre.. dehydrovomifoliol : A fenchane monoterpenoid that is substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5, and 5, and by both a hydroxy group and a 3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.		2.1710dehydrovomifoliolplant metabolite
3,7-dimethoxyflavone
3,7-dimethoxyflavone: structure given in first source		3.1710ether;
flavonoids
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone: an antioxidant; structure in first source		2.610
caffeic acid
trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.		2.4820caffeic acidgeroprotector;
mouse metabolite
methyl caffeate
methyl caffeate: from plant Gaillardia pulchella. methyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester formed by the formal condensation of caffeic acid with methyl alcohol.		3.1710alkyl caffeate ester;
methyl ester
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.		2.610methoxycinnamic acid
isoferulic acid
isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring.		2.610ferulic acidsantioxidant;
biomarker;
metabolite
ethyl ferulate
ethyl ferulate: structure in first source		2.1510
cyclouridine
cyclouridine: structure given in third source		2.610
cotinine
Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.		2.0710N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
heliotrine
[no description available]		2.0710pyrrolizines
sclareolide
[no description available]		2.0710naphthofuran
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		6.25100aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
hypocrellin b
hypocrellin B: photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc; structure given in first source		2.0710
jk184
JK184: structure in first source		3.1410
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		2.05101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
zucapsaicin
[no description available]		2.610methoxybenzenes;
phenols
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		2.4720capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine
[no description available]		2.0510acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
aurapten
aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.		2.0710coumarins;
monoterpenoid		antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
gamma-secretase modulator;
gastrointestinal drug;
hepatoprotective agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist;
vulnerary
nbd 556
[no description available]		2.610
chlorogenic acid
caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.5420cinnamate ester;
tannin		food component;
plant metabolite
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		2.54202-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
tacrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
sodium propionate
sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.		2.0510organic sodium saltantifungal drug;
food preservative
D-fructopyranose
[no description available]		2.2510cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose		sweetening agent
thioacetamide
Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.		2.0710thiocarboxamidehepatotoxic agent
tempo
TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively.		2.3110aminoxyls;
piperidines		catalyst;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
radical scavenger
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		2.0510cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione: inhibits ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1		2.610
streptozocin
[no description available]		2.0510
fumonisin b2
fumonisin B2: produced by Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting ability. fumonisin B2 : A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case).		2.0710diester;
diol;
fumonisin;
primary amino compound		Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent
tamoxifen
[no description available]		7.7530stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
tocopherylquinone
tocopherylquinone: RN refers to (3R-(3R*,7R*,11R*))-isomer; structure		3.1710
nadp
[no description available]		7.1110
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		2.7730
6,7-dehydroroyleanone
6,7-dehydroroyleanone: diterpene abietane quinone isolated from Salvia moorcraftiana or Lepechinia bullata (both Lamiaceae); Rn given from CA Index Guide; RN not in Chemline 12/84; structure given in first source		4.4720
horminone
horminone: RN refers to (4bS-(4balpha,8abeta,10beta))-isomer; from root of Salvia officinalis; structure given in second source. horminone : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,12-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 12 and oxo groups at positions 11 and 14 (the 7alpha stereoisomer) .		3.1710
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		3.5720pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
srpin340
SRPIN340: Serine-Arginine-Rich Protein Kinase Inhibitor		2.610
pr-619
[no description available]		2.610
p5091
P5091: inhibits ubiquitin-specific protease 7; structure in first source		2.610
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		2.853011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		2.0710carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
valinomycin
Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.		3.3720cyclodepsipeptide;
macrocycle		antimicrobial agent;
antiviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
trovirdine
trovirdine: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor		2.610
estrone sulfate
estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.051017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
helvolic acid
helvolic acid: structure. helvolic acid : A steroid C-21 acid having a 29-nordammarane skeleton substituted with an acetoxy group at C-16 and oxo groups at C-3 and -7, with double bonds at C-1, -17(20) and -24.		2.17103-oxo-Delta(1) steroid;
acetate ester;
monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid		antibacterial agent;
fungal metabolite;
mycotoxin
hmr 3647
[no description available]		2.0510
fti 277
[no description available]		2.610
toremifene
Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.		2.0510aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amine		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126
U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.5120aryl sulfide;
dinitrile;
enamine;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
osteogenesis regulator;
vasoconstrictor agent
vicriviroc
vicriviroc: structure in first source		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
telaprevir
[no description available]		2.5420cyclopentapyrrole;
cyclopropanes;
oligopeptide;
pyrazines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
8-hydroxypinoresinol
8-hydroxypinoresinol: cytoprotective lignan from Forsythia suspensa; structure in first source		2.1110lignan
cobaltous chloride
cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.		2.6320cobalt salt;
inorganic chloride		allergen;
calcium channel blocker;
sensitiser;
two-colour indicator
droloxifene
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
or 1259
[no description available]		2.0510hydrazone;
nitrile;
pyridazinone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		2.0510steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		2.830beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene
idoxifene: structure given in first source		2.0510stilbenoid
quinine
[no description available]		3.3110cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
mitragynine
[no description available]		2.5320monoterpenoid indole alkaloid
12-deoxyphorbolphenylacetate-20-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
brassinin
[no description available]		2.0710dithiocarbamic ester;
indole phytoalexin
taxifolin-3-glucopyranoside
taxifolin-3-glucopyranoside: from root-sprouts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb; structure given in first source		2.0810
chaetomellic acid a
chaetomellic acid A: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of farnesyl-protein transferase		2.0710
paynantheine
paynantheine: structure in first source		2.1710
hirsutine
[no description available]		3.6220
3-deoxyvasicine, hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		3.69201,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emetine dihydrochloride
emetine dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of emetine.. emetine dihydrochloride hydrate : A hydrate that is the monohydrate of the dihydrochloride salt of emetine.		2.0710hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		2.0510aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
calixarenes
Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name.		2.4110
sideroxylin
sideroxylin: from Hydrastis canadensis; structure in first source. sideroxylin : A monomethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 7, hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4' and methyl groups at positions 6 and 8. It has been isolated from Hydrastis canadensis and Eucalyptus species.		2.1710dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		plant metabolite
chimonanthine
chimonanthine: structure in first source. chimonanthine : A ring assembly that is 2,2',3,3',8,8',8a,8a'-octahydro-1H,1'H-3a,3a'-bipyrrolo[2,3-b]indole substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 1'.		2.1710chimonanthine
cytellin
cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982		4.55230
wogonoside
wogonoside: from Scutellaria baicalensis; structure in first source. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of wogonin.		2.0210beta-D-glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monohydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative
salinomycin
salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.5320polyketide;
spiroketal		animal growth promotant;
potassium ionophore
ginsenosides
ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.		2.5220
silybin
[no description available]		2.4720
yya-021
YYA-021: an HIV entry inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
1,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone
1,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure in first source		3.1910
mtt formazan
MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes		2.4220
chloramine-t
chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.		2.0510organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
alpha-chymotrypsin
Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.		2.7530
4-(4,5-diphenyl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzoyl chloride
4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzoyl chloride: used to derivatize methamphetamines; structure in first source		2.2110
sb 415286
3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610C-nitro compound;
maleimides;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
naphthoquinones
Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.		2.9640
sitagliptin
sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		2.610triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
osteoprotegerin
Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.		2.110long-chain fatty acid
flosequinan
[no description available]		2.0510quinolines
tolcapone
Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.		3.61202-nitrophenols;
benzophenones;
catechols		antiparkinson drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
3-deoxyisoochracinic acid
3-deoxyisoochracinic acid: structure in first source		2.1710
5,6-dehydrokawain
5,6-dehydrokawain: from Alpinia speciosa rhizoma; RN given for cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
9,10-dihydrolysergol
9,10-dihydrolysergol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0710
geranylgeranic acid
geranylgeranic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranic acid : A diterpenoid obtained by formal oxidation of the CH2OH group of (E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol to the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0710alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
diterpenoid;
methyl-branched fatty acid;
trienoic fatty acid
tak-220
TAK-220: structure in first source		2.610
jtk-303
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
nbd 557
[no description available]		2.610
quercetin
[no description available]		4.871007-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		3.6280prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.		2.7730monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
biochanin a
[no description available]		2.44204'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
formononetin
[no description available]		2.07104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
prostaglandin b1
prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).		2.0710prostaglandins Bhuman metabolite
sterigmatocystin
[no description available]		2.0710sterigmatocystinsmetabolite
trans-phytol
trans-phytol: structure in first source		3.5820diterpenoid;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		algal metabolite;
plant metabolite;
schistosomicide drug
vitexin
[no description available]		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
acacetin
5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.		2.4920dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		anticonvulsant;
plant metabolite
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		8.3560trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		3.45703'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
linoleic acid
Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.		2.0110octadecadienoic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
plant metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		2.7430D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
quercitrin
[no description available]		4.4130alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
scopoletin
[no description available]		3.5820hydroxycoumarinplant growth regulator;
plant metabolite
vomifoliol
blumenol A: a phytotoxin isolated from Oryza sativa Awaakamai; structure in first source. vomifoliol : A fenchane monoterpenoid that is 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by a hydroxy and a (1E)-3-hydroxybut-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.. (6S,9R)-vomifoliol : A (6S)-vomifoliol with a R configuration for the hydroxy group at position 9.		2.1710(6S)-vomifoliolmetabolite;
phytotoxin
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		2.0510carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
coniferaldehyde
coniferaldehyde: from aqueous extract of Senra incana. coniferyl aldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.		2.1510cinnamaldehydes;
guaiacols;
phenylpropanoid		antifungal agent;
plant metabolite
hymecromone
Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.		2.4920hydroxycoumarinantineoplastic agent;
hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
5'-o-caffeoylquinic acid
trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid : A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid.		2.610cinnamate ester;
cyclitol carboxylic acid		plant metabolite
luteolin-7-glucoside
luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.9830beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
quercetin 3-o-methyl ether
quercetin 3-O-methyl ether: from Rhamnus species; structure in first source. 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone : A tetrahydroxyflavone having the 4-hydroxy groups located at the 3'- 4'- 5- and 7-positions as well as a methoxy group at the 2-position.		3.3110monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
metabolite
alprostadil
[no description available]		2.4720prostaglandins Eanticoagulant;
human metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cyclosporine
[no description available]		2.610
stigmasterol
stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol: isolated from freeze-dried powder of Blackberries (Rubus ursinus L.) which showed an activity on inhibition of chemocarcinogen. stigmasterol : A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions.		3.941203beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		plant metabolite
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		2.0510D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells		2.7730beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antipruritic drug;
bone density conservation agent;
geroprotector;
histamine antagonist;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		9.5770disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
kaempferol
[no description available]		3.32607-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
senecionine
senecionine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. senecionine : A pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant species of the genus Senecio.		2.0710lactone;
pyrrolizidine alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
gamma-linolenic acid
gamma-Linolenic Acid: An omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as PGE1. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). gamma-linolenic acid : A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12.		2.4220linolenic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid
linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.		2.110linolenic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
harmine
Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.		2.6920harmala alkaloidanti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		9.1407-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		9.4660antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		2.0510oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
oxymetholone
Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.		2.0510
eprosartan
eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.		2.610dicarboxylic acid;
imidazoles;
thiophenes		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
montelukast
montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.0510aliphatic sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.5420carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		2.54202-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
butein
[no description available]		7.4720chalcones;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
astaxanthine
astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.		2.0510carotenol;
carotenone		animal metabolite;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
food colouring;
plant metabolite
isobavachalcone
isobavachalcone: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source. isobavachalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'.		4.3730chalcones;
polyphenol		antibacterial agent;
metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sulfuretin
sulfuretin: the chalcone C ring closes into a 5 instead of the more typical 6 membered ring leaving a phenyl methane at the 2 position instead of the typical phenyl		2.07101-benzofurans
5,7-dihydroxychromone
5,7-dihydroxychromone: isolated from the roots of Bauhinia hupehara		2.1310chromones
geranylgeraniol
(E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol : A geranylgeraniol in which all four double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		2.1510geranylgeraniol
genistin
genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein		2.07107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
chartreusin
chartreusin: structure		2.0710benzochromenone;
glycoside
esculetin
esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.		2.0410hydroxycoumarinantioxidant;
plant metabolite;
ultraviolet filter
molephantinin
molephantinin: germacranolide from Elephantopus mollis; RN given refers to (3aR-(3aR*,4S*(E),6E,9Z,11S*,11aS*))-isomer; structure in first source		3.1510germacranolide
caryophyllene
(-)-beta-caryophyllene : A beta-caryophyllene in which the stereocentre adjacent to the exocyclic double bond has S configuration while the remaining stereocentre has R configuration. It is the most commonly occurring form of beta-caryophyllene, occurring in many essential oils, particularly oil of cloves.. beta-caryophyllene : A sesquiterpene with a [7.2.0]-bicyclic structure comprising fused 9- and 4-membered rings, with a trans-ring junction, a trans-double bond between the 4- and 5-positions of the 9-membered ring, a methylidene group at position 9, and methyl groups at positions 3, 11, and 11. The most commonly occurring form is the (1R,9S)-(-)-enantiomer, which is found in many essential oils, particularly clove oil.. cannabinoid : A diverse group of pharmacologically active secondary metabolite characteristic to Cannabis plant as well as produced naturally in the body by humans and animals. Cannabinoids contain oxygen as a part of the heterocyclic ring or in the form of various functional groups. They are subdivided on the basis of their origin.		3.3110beta-caryophyllenefragrance;
insect attractant;
metabolite;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
humulene
humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.		2.1310alpha-humulene
oleuropein
oleuropein: iridoid isolated from leaves and fruit of Olea and Ligustrum (Oleaceae). oleuropein : A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars.		2.1510beta-D-glucoside;
catechols;
diester;
methyl ester;
pyrans;
secoiridoid glycoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
methysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
yangonin
yangonin: structure in first source		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
zearalenone
Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.		3.1740macrolide;
resorcinols		fungal metabolite;
mycoestrogen
amentoflavone
[no description available]		3.0240biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone;
ring assembly		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		3.1950trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		4.11407-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
datiscetin
datiscetin : A tetrahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 5.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone
diosmetin
[no description available]		2.07103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
diosmin
[no description available]		2.4720dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant
fisetin
[no description available]		2.75303'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		2.97407-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
genkwanin
genkwanin: structure. genkwanin : A monomethoxyflavone that is apigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is methylated.		2.5220dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		metabolite
hispidulin
hispidulin : A monomethoxyflavone that is scutellarein methylated at position 6.		2.110monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
gartanin
gartanin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 5 and 8 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 4.		2.1110polyphenol;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
hyperoside
quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.		3.9330beta-D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
mangostin
mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.		10.2380aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin
isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.57207-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
norathyriol
norathyriol: from Gentinanaceae; has vasorelaxing action on rat thoracic aorta; structure given in first source. norathyriol : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7. Isolated from Garcinia mangostana and Maclura pomifera, it exhibits inhibitory activity against protein kinase C.		3.3110polyphenol;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
kaempferide
kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol.		2.6107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
myricetin
[no description available]		2.97407-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
food component;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
myricitrin
myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
pentahydroxyflavone		anti-allergic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
orientin
orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.		7.82203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
C-glycosyl compound;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
rhamnetin
rhamnetin: aglycone of xanthorhamnin; from Rhamnus. rhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7.		2.0710monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
robinetin
robinetin: structure given in first source. robinetin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3, 4' and 5'.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
robustaflavone
robustaflavone: bis-apigenin coupled at 6 and 3' positions; a potential non-nucleoside anti-hepatitis B agent;. robustaflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-3 of the hydroxyphenyl ring and C-6 of the chromene ring. Isolated from Thuja orientalis and Rhus succedanea it exhibits antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-hepatitis B activity.		2.2510biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone;
ring assembly		anti-HBV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
scutellarein
scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein. scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7.		3.0440tetrahydroxyflavonemetabolite
tamarixetin
tamarixetin: isolated from Costsus spicatus. tamarixetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4'. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
tricin
tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure		2.07103'-methoxyflavones;
dimethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
wogonin
wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8.		2.7630dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
coumestrol
Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.		2.0710coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		2.44207-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol		2.610stilbenoid
polydatin
trans-piceid : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antioxidant;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
nephroprotective agent;
potassium channel modulator
chicoric acid
chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase		2.610organooxygen compoundgeroprotector;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
cynarine
cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent		2.0510alkyl caffeate ester;
quinic acid		plant metabolite
gingerenone a
gingerenone A: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Zingiber officinale; structure in first source		3.2510diarylheptanoid
ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate
ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate: an antifungal agent isolated from Curcumba zedoaria		3.1710
caffeic acid phenethyl ester
phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.		2.0710alkyl caffeate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
rosmarinic acid
rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.		2.0710rosmarinic acidgeroprotector;
plant metabolite
shogaol
shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source		3.6520enone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
acteoside
acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.		3.8220catechols;
cinnamate ester;
disaccharide derivative;
glycoside;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antileishmanial agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
orobol
orobol: from Aspergillus niger or Streptomyces neyagawaensis; potent inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase. orobol : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones which consists of isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.		2.01107-hydroxyisoflavonesanti-inflammatory agent;
fungal metabolite;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
wedelolactone
wedelolactone: antihepatotoxic coumestan from Eclipta prostrata and Wedelia calendulacea (both Asteraceae); structure given in first source. wedelolactone : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3.		2.0710aromatic ether;
coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
maytansine
Maytansine: An ansa macrolide isolated from the MAYTENUS genus of East African shrubs.. maytansine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound and 19-membered macrocyclic lactam antibiotic originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata but also found in other Maytenus species. It exhibits cytotoxicity against many tumour cell lines.		2.0410alpha-amino acid ester;
carbamate ester;
epoxide;
maytansinoid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organochlorine compound		antimicrobial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
rottlerin
rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.		2.0710aromatic ketone;
benzenetriol;
chromenol;
enone;
methyl ketone		anti-allergic agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
K-ATP channel agonist;
metabolite
ellagic acid
[no description available]		2.9340catechols;
cyclic ketone;
lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		antioxidant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
ginkgolic acid
[no description available]		2.1710hydroxybenzoic acid
3,3',4-o-trimethylellagic acid
3,7,8-tri-O-methylellagic acid: structure given in first source		2.7130tannin
savinin
savinin: a lignan from Pterocarpus santalinus inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and T cell proliferation; structure in first source. savinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethylidene group at position 3 and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl group at position 4 (the 3E,4R-isomer). It exhibits antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.		3.4320benzodioxoles;
gamma-lactone;
lignan		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
T-cell proliferation inhibitor
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		2.0510homodetic cyclic peptide
7-hydroxyflavone
7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.		2.0710hydroxyflavonoid
prostaglandin a1
[no description available]		2.0710prostaglandins A
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		2.0510ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
cerulenin
Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.		2.7430epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
astragalin
kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage.		2.1110beta-D-glucoside;
kaempferol O-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
rhoifolin
rhoifolin: from many plants. apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside : An apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group.		2.0710dihydroxyflavone;
glycosyloxyflavone;
neohesperidoside		metabolite
vitexin rhamnoside
2''-O-rhamnopyranosylvitexin: has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities; isolated from Alternanthera maritima; structure in first source. vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
disaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
tranilast
tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.		2.0510amidobenzoic acid;
cinnamamides;
dimethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
calcium channel blocker;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent
domoic acid
domoic acid: kainic acid analog, heterocyclic amino acid from seaweed; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. domoic acid : An L-proline derivative that is L-proline substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 3 and a 6-carboxyhepta-2,4-dien-2-yl group at position 4. It is produced by the diatomic algal Pseudo-nitzschia. It is an analogue of kainic acid and a neurotoxin which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).		2.0710L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;
tricarboxylic acid		algal metabolite;
hapten;
marine metabolite;
neuromuscular agent;
neurotoxin
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha
8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position.		2.1110F2-isoprostanebiomarker;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/88. 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 are palmitoyl and oleoyl respectively.		2.110(18R,21S)-24-amino-21-hydroxy-21-oxido-15-oxo-16,20,22-trioxa-21lambdalambda(5)-phosphatetracosan-18-yl icosanoate;
phosphatidylethanolamine
etretinate
retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.		2.0510enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		2.4720retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		2.0510
ozagrel
ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer		2.0510cinnamic acids
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		2.0510cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
alatrofloxacin mesylate
[no description available]		2.0510
codeine
[no description available]		2.0510morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		2.4720homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
phenylethyl 3-methylcaffeate
phenylethyl 3-methylcaffeate: a caffeic acid ester present in propolis, a natural resin produced by honey bees; structure given in first source		2.1510
natamycin
[no description available]		2.4720antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
oleyl alcohol
oleyl alcohol: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.1510fatty alcohol 18:1;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		metabolite;
nonionic surfactant
nerolidol
(6E)-nerolidol : A nerolidol in which the double bond at position 6 adopts a trans-configuration.		2.0810nerolidol
acitretin
Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.		2.0510acitretin;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
dorzolamide
dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		2.610sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dothiepin
[no description available]		2.0510dothiepin
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		2.0510pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nalorphine
Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		2.4720antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		2.5420cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone
6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone: structure in first source. 4',6,7-trihydroxyisoflavone : A hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 6.		2.01107-hydroxyisoflavonesanti-inflammatory agent;
antimutagen;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist;
PPARgamma agonist
gamma-cyclodextrin
gamma-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of eight alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units.		7.110cyclodextrin
brefeldin a
[no description available]		3.6220macrolide antibioticPenicillium metabolite
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		2.0510dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol
seocalcitol: structure given in first source		2.0510
fenretinide
Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
geldanamycin
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
cysteine protease inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
peridinin
peridinin: structure		3.3110
demycarosylturimycin h
[no description available]		2.0510
clobetasol
Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.582011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
SMO receptor agonist
benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone
cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1).		2.610
iloprost
Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.0510carbobicyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
n-(n-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester
DAPT : A dipeptide consisting of alanylphenylglycine derivatised as a 3,5-difluorophenylacetamide at the amino terminal and a tert-butyl ester at the carboxy terminal. A gamma-secretase inhibitor.		2.610carboxylic ester;
difluorobenzene;
dipeptide;
tert-butyl ester		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
cytochalasin b
Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.		2.5220cytochalasin;
lactam;
lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		actin polymerisation inhibitor;
metabolite;
mycotoxin;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
vinorelbine
[no description available]		2.4720acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
casticin
casticin: from fruit of Vitex rotundifolia; structure in second source. casticin : A tetramethoxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6, 7 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
bisdemethoxycurcumin
curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.		2.0710beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
metabolite
corylin
corylin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; structure in first source		2.0110
Cudraflavone A
[no description available]		2.1310extended flavonoid
7-demethylsuberosin
7-demethylsuberosin: fucocoumarin derivative of Angelicae dahuricae. 7-demethylsuberosin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 7-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 6 by a 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl group. A natural product found in Citropsis articulata.		2.1310hydroxycoumarinplant metabolite
kaempferol 3-o-rhamnoside
kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside: from apple (Malus domestica) leaves; structure in first source. afzelin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.1710glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
syringin
syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0810beta-D-glucoside;
dimethoxybenzene;
monosaccharide derivative;
primary alcohol		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
pellitorine
pellitorine: consists of piper sylvaticum Roxb.; structure		3.1710fatty amidemetabolite
andrographolide
[no description available]		3.6220carbobicyclic compound;
gamma-lactone;
labdane diterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isofraxidin
isofraxidin: also see fraxidin		2.1510hydroxycoumarin
isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside
isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside: from the flowers of Persea gratissima; structure in first source. isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
icaritin
icaritin: structure in first source		2.4920
icariin
[no description available]		2.4920flavonols;
glycosyloxyflavone		antioxidant;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen
licochalcone a
licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer		1.9910chalcones
muromonab-cd3
cudraflavone B: antiproliferative from Cudrania tricuspidata. cudraflavone B : An extended flavonoid that consists of a pyranochromane skeleton that is 2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2, a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 8, a hydroxy group at position 5 and a prenyl group at position 7. Isolated from Morus alba and Morus species it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.		3.3110extended flavonoid;
pyranochromane;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
nerolidol
nerolidol: sesquiterpene; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; nerol is also available. nerolidol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-1,6,10-triene which carries methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It is a natural product that is present in various flowers and plants with a floral odor. Chemically, it exists in two geometric isomers, trans and cis forms. It is widely used in cosmetics (e.g. shampoos and perfumes), in non-cosmetic products (e.g. detergents and cleansers) and also as a food flavoring agent.. (6Z)-nerolidol : A nerolidol in which the double bond at position 6 adopts a cis-configuration.		2.110nerolidol
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.		2.6920dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
spiraeoside
spiraeoside: from flowers of Filipendula ulmaria (L.); structure given in first source. quercetin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 4'.		3.1910beta-D-glucoside;
flavonols;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
sophoricoside
sophoricoside: from fruit of Sophora japonica; structure in first source		2.0710acrovestone;
isoflavonoid
(E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: Tyrosinase inhibitor from Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source. (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside : A stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
resorcinols;
stilbenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
caryophyllene
caryophyllene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.1310
furazolidone
[no description available]		2.0510
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
tyrphostin ag 555
[no description available]		2.610
semaxinib
semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.		2.0510olefinic compound;
oxindoles;
pyrroles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib
orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.		2.0510
su 11248
[no description available]		3.3110monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
ergosterol-5,8-peroxide
ergosterol-5,8-peroxide: also inhibits sulfatase; isolated from fungus Cercospora kikuchii; structure given in first source. ergosterol peroxide : An ergostanoid that is ergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol with a peroxy group between positions 5 and 8 (the 3beta,5alpha,8alpha,22E stereoisomer). Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps sinensis, it exhibits antimycobacterial, trypanocidal and antineoplastic activities.		4.13203beta-sterol;
ergostanoid;
organic peroxide;
phytosterols		antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
guttiferone e
guttiferone E: isolated from the fruits of Garcinia pyrifera collected in Malaysia; structure in first source		3.3110
lead
Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.		7.0810carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin
6,7-dihydroxyflavone
6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source		2.0710
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
indoles;
organofluorine compound
molsidomine
[no description available]		2.0510ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
pd 151746
[no description available]		2.610
antimony
Antimony: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.		3.3510metalloid atom;
pnictogen
flavokawain a
flavokawain A: from kava extract, induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells; structure in first source		2.0710chalcones
flavokawain b
flavokawain B: from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots; structure in first source. flavokawain B : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 2' and methoxy groups at positions 4' and 6'. Isolated from Piper methysticum and Piper rusbyi, it exhibits antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities.		2.0710chalcones;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antileishmanial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
furanoheliangolide
furanoheliangolide: structure in first source		3.1710
lichexanthone
lichexanthone: a dihydropyranexanthone derived from the natural xanthone; structure in first source. lichexanthone : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1, a methyl group at position 8 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 6. It has been isolated from the bark of Cupania cinerea.		3.5720aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		plant metabolite
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		2.0510cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		2.05106-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
lasalocid
Lasalocid: Cationic ionophore antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lasaliensis that, among other effects, dissociates the calcium fluxes in muscle fibers. It is used as a coccidiostat, especially in poultry.. lasalocid : A polyether antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.		2.2510beta-hydroxy ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
oxanes;
oxolanes;
polyether antibiotic;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol		bacterial metabolite;
coccidiostat;
ionophore
cefixime
[no description available]		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.5420dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		2.0510azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
verteporfin
(2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.		2.610
batimastat
batimastat: structure given in first source; a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. batimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3R)-5-methyl-3-{[(2S)-1-(methylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-[(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl]hexanoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It a broad-spectrum matrix metalloprotease inhibitor.		2.610hydroxamic acid;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
organic sulfide;
secondary carboxamide;
thiophenes;
triamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		2.5420dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
2,3-oxidosqualene
2,3-oxidosqualene: an oxidized derivative of SQUALENE that can fold in several ways: chair-boat-chair-boat to LANOSTEROL; chair-chair-chair-boat to dammarane; or all chair to hopane and on to cycloartenol; RN given refers to (all-Z)-isomer. 2,3-epoxysqualene : A squalene triterpenoid obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3 C=C bond of squalene.		2.2510epoxide;
squalene triterpenoid
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol: a fragrance ingredient; structure in first source		3.1710
costunolide
[no description available]		2.0710
kavain
[no description available]		2.0710racemateglycine receptor antagonist
dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol
dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol: structure given in first source. dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol : A guaiacyl lignin obtained by cyclodimerisation of coniferol.		2.11101-benzofurans;
guaiacols;
guaiacyl lignin;
primary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
abscisic acid, (+,-)-isomer
2-cis-abscisic acid : A member of the class of abscisic acids in which the double bond betweeen positions 2 and 3 has cis- (natural) geometry.		2.0710abscisic acidsabscisic acid receptor agonist
veratrine
Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.		2.0710alkaloid
radicinin
radicinin: mold metabolite from plant pathogen Stemphylium radicinum; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3beta,7E))-isomer; structure		2.1710aromatic ketone
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
vinblastine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710
calycanthine
calycanthine: the principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae; RN given refers to (4bS)-(4balpha,5alpha,10balpha,11alpha)-isomer. calycanthine : The principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae.		2.1710aminal;
calycanthaceous alkaloid;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
nitrofurazone
Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.		2.0510
catharanthine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid ester;
bridged compound;
methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound
cytochalasin e
cytochalasin E: structure		2.0710cytochalasan alkaloidmetabolite
cytochalasin d
[no description available]		2.0710
sinomenine
sinomenine: isolated from root of Sinomenium acutum; antirheumatic, antineuralgic		2.0710morphinane alkaloid
ecdysterone
Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.		2.071014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ecdysteroid;
phytoecdysteroid		animal metabolite;
plant metabolite
bleomycin
[no description available]		2.4720bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
gamma-mangostin
gamma-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antitumour activity.		2.4920phenols;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor
imidapril
imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
imidazolidines;
N-acylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
bakuchiol
bakuchiol: chief component of Psoralea corylifolia Linn; structure		2.0710
dichapetalin a
dichapetalin A: isolated from Dichapetalum; structure in first source		2.0310
zerumbone
zerumbone: RN given for (E,E,E)-isomer; structure in first source. zerumbone : A sesquiterpenoid and cyclic ketone that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by an oxo group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds. It is obtained by steam distillation from a type of edible ginger, Zingiber zerumbet Smith, grown particularly in southeast Asia.		3.5620cyclic ketone;
sesquiterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor;
plant metabolite
sulindac sulfone
sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
solanesol
solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).		2.5720nonaprenol;
primary alcohol		plant metabolite
pepstatin
pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin		2.610pentapeptide;
secondary carboxamide		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
ximelagatran
ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.		2.0510amidoxime;
azetidines;
carboxamide;
ethyl ester;
hydroxylamines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
prodrug;
serine protease inhibitor
phytochlorin
phytochlorin: RN given refers to (2S-trans)-isomer; structure given in the first source		2.3110
ceftriaxone
[no description available]		2.05101,2,4-triazines;
1,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
l 685458
L 685458: a gamma-secretase inhibitor; structure in first source. L-685,458 : A peptide and carboxamide that is L-leucyl-L-phenylalaninamide, L-Leu-L-Phe-NH2, which has been acylated on the N-terminus by a Phe-Phe hydroxyethylene dipeptide isotere, 2R-benzyl-5S-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-4R-hydroxy-6-phenylhexanoic acid. Compounds based on the structure of L-685,458 are potent inhibitors of gamma-secretase, which mediates the final catalytic step that generates the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), which assembles into the neurotoxic aggregates in the brains of sufferers of Alzheimer's disease.		2.610carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
peptide;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone
1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone: from roots of Cudrania cochinchinensis		3.3110
ceftazidime
[no description available]		2.2510cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
Norartocarpetin
[no description available]		3.3110flavones
xanthoepocin
Xanthoepocin: an antibiotic from Penicillium simplicissimum IFO5762; structure in first source		2.1710
24-ethyl-4-cholesten-3-one
stigmast-4-en-3-one: from the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew); structure in first source		3.3110C29-steroid;
steroid		metabolite
trandolapril
trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
avicularin
avicularin: from Polygonum aviculare L.; RN given refers to L-isomer. avicularin : A quercetin O-glycoside in which an alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residue is attached at position 3 of quercetin via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Juglans regia and Foeniculum vulgare.		3.620alpha-L-arabinofuranoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
alpinumisoflavone
alpinumisoflavone: extract from twigs of poisonous British plant		2.0110isoflavanonesmetabolite
bms 806
BMS 806: prevents entry of HIV into cells by binding HIV envelope protein gp120; no further info available 4/2002		2.610
beta-Mangostin
[no description available]		2.1110xanthones
9-Hydroxycalabaxanthone
[no description available]		2.5720xanthones
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
[no description available]		2.610
(1S,15S,17R,18R,19S,20S)-6,18-dimethoxy-17-[oxo-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1,3,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21-dodecahydroyohimban-19-carboxylic acid methyl ester
[no description available]		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
guanabenz acetate
[no description available]		2.0510dichlorobenzenegeroprotector
famotidine
[no description available]		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
tulobuterol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610organic molecular entity
abscisic acid
Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.		2.25102-trans-abscisic acid
n-caproylsphingosine
N-(hexanoyl)sphing-4-enine : An N-acylsphingosine consisting of sphing-4-enine bearing a hexanoyl group on nitrogen.		2.0710N-acylsphingosine
salubrinal
salubrinal: prevents dephosphorylation of eIF2alpha; structure in first source. salubrinal : A member of the class of quinolines that is a mixed aminal resulting from the formal condensation oftrichloroacetaldehyde with the amide nitrogen of trans-cinnamamide and the primary amino group of 1-quinolin-8-ylthiourea. It is a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha).		2.610aminal;
organochlorine compound;
quinolines;
secondary carboxamide;
thioureas
lyoniside
daucosterol : A steroid saponin that is sitosterol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has bee isolated from Panax japonicus var. major and Breynia fruticosa.		4.2950beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
steroid saponin		plant metabolite
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
aztreonam
[no description available]		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
monobactam		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
cinidon-ethyl
Lotus: A genus of the PEA FAMILY. The genus Lotus, formerly known as Tetragonolobus, is unrelated to other plants with the common name of lotus (NELUMBO and NYMPHAEA).. cinidon ethyl : A carboxylic ester and organochlorine compound that is the ethyl ester of cinidon.		2.610ethyl ester;
isoindoles;
monochlorobenzenes		herbicide
proguanil
Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.		2.0510biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
monorden
monorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase II		2.0710cyclic ketone;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antifungal agent;
metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
rifamycin sv
rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.		2.0510acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol;
rifamycins		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		2.0710
selenium
Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.		3.3510chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
(3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.		2.1510(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
epoprostenol sodium
[no description available]		2.0510prostanoid
psammaplin a
psammaplin A: isolated from marine sponges Poecillastra and Jaspis; structure in second source		3.1310
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer)
[no description available]		2.0710
hydrocotarnine hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
salsolinol hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
lasalocid sodium
lasalocid sodium : The sodium salt of lasalocid. It is a veterinary ionophore antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.		2.0710benzoates;
organic sodium salt		coccidiostat;
ionophore
bongkrekic acid
Bongkrekic Acid: An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.. bongkrekic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is docosa-2,4,8,10,14,18,20-heptaenedioic acid substituted at positions 2 ,5 and 17 by methyl groups, at positions 6 by a methoxy group and at position 20 by a carboxymethyl group. It is produced by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli and implicated in outbreaks of food-borne illness involving coconut and corn-based products in Indonesia and China.		1.9910ether;
olefinic compound;
tricarboxylic acid		apoptosis inhibitor;
ATP/ADP translocase inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
toxin
sclerotiorin
sclerotiorin: isolated from monoverticillate Penicillia; RN given for (R-(R*,S*-(E,E)))-isomer; structure in first source		2.0710azaphilone
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer		2.110
bafilomycin a1
bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.		2.110cyclic hemiketal;
macrolide antibiotic;
oxanes		apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
fungicide;
potassium ionophore;
toxin
himbacine
himbacine: muscarine receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha,3aalpha,4beta(1E,2(2R*,6S*)),4abeta,8aalpha,9aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source. himbacine : A piperidine alkaloid that is decahydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a 2-[(2R,6S)-1,6-dimethylpiperidin-2-yl]ethenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the bark of Australian magnolias.		2.0710gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
piperidine alkaloid		muscarinic antagonist
germacrone
germacrone: isolated from Curcuma wenyujin		2.610germacrane sesquiterpenoid;
olefinic compound		androgen antagonist;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antifeedant;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antitussive;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
insecticide;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
ebelactone b
ebelactone B: esterase inhibitor; structure given in first source; see also ebelactone A		2.0710
(2e,4e,6e,10e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid
(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid: an acyclic retinoid that suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence; structure in first source		2.610
3-o-methylbutein
3-O-methylbutein: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710chalcones
thermozymocidin
thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog		2.0710alpha-amino fatty acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sphingoid		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
herboxidiene
herboxidiene: structure in first source; isolated from Streptomyces chromofuscus; a potent and selective herbicide (e.g. inactive against wheat); up-regulates the gene expression of LDL receptor		2.1710
pyracrenic acid
pyracrenic acid: a lupane from bark of Pyracantha crenulata; structure given in first source		2.4920triterpenoidmetabolite
marein
marein: hypoglycemic from Coreopsis tinctoria; structure in first source		2.0710flavonoids;
glycoside
lithospermic acid
[no description available]		2.610
guineensine
guineensine: an Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, from the fruits of Piper longum; structure in first sourc		2.0510benzodioxoles
(10)-shogaol
(10)-shogaol: isolated from ginger; structure in first source		3.2510enone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols
laq824
LAQ824: Histone deacetylase inhibitor		2.610
ixabepilone
[no description available]		3.6201,3-thiazoles;
beta-hydroxy ketone;
epoxide;
lactam;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
ekb 569
EKB 569: an EGF receptor kinase inhibitor		2.610aminoquinoline;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		protein kinase inhibitor
13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid
13-oxo-9Z,11E-ODE : An oxooctadecadienoic acid that consists of 9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid bearing an additional 13-keto substituent. In addtion it has been found as a natural product found in Carthamus oxyacantha.		3.311013-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acidmetabolite;
mouse metabolite
rilpivirine
[no description available]		2.610aminopyrimidine;
nitrile		EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
(1Ar,7aS,10aS,10bS)-1a,5-dimethyl-8-methylidene-2,3,6,7,7a,8,10a,10b-octahydrooxireno[9,10]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-9(1aH)-one
[no description available]		2.6920germacranolide
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
[no description available]		2.610quinic acid
indigo carmine
3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.		2.610
3 beta-o-acetylursolic acid
[no description available]		2.4920triterpenoid
daurichromenic acid
daurichromenic acid: structure in first source		3.1510
desmosdumotin c
desmosdumotin C: an antitumor agent; structure in first source		3.1510olefinic compound
azlocillin
Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
panduratin a
panduratin A: isolated from Kaempferia pandurata; structure in first source		2.1710diarylheptanoidmetabolite
beta-escin
[no description available]		3.6590
stigmasterol 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside
stigmasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: an antioxidant from Monochoria vaginalis; structure in first source. stigmasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A steroid saponin that is (3beta,22E)-stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from Symplocos lancifolia.		2.0110beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
phytosterols;
steroid saponin		metabolite
dantrolene sodium
dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.		2.0510
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
am 404
[no description available]		2.1510anilide
ca 074 methyl ester
[no description available]		2.110
echinocystic acid
echinocystic acid: aglycone moiety of saponin chrysantellin		3.5520
hydroxyachillin
hydroxyachillin: isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source		2.0710gamma-lactone
nifurtimox
Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.		2.0510nitrofuran antibiotic
butylscopolammonium bromide
Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.		2.0710
roxithromycin
(E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.		2.0510roxithromycinenvironmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
fumagillin
[no description available]		2.0710antibiotic antifungal drug;
carboxylic ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
meroterpenoid;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
fungal metabolite;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		2.8730artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
beraprost
beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.		2.0510enyne;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary allylic alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
lanreotide
[no description available]		2.0510
(3S,6S,9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-Butan-2-yl]-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-9-(6-oxooctyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone
[no description available]		2.6920oligopeptide
lu 208075
ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension		2.0510diarylmethane
vildagliptin
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
dalcetrapib
dalcetrapib: inhibits cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)		2.1510anilide
anisodamine
[no description available]		2.0710
belinostat
[no description available]		2.610hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
corosolic acid
[no description available]		5.05120triterpenoidmetabolite
hdac-42
HDAC-42: structure in first source		2.610amidobenzoic acid
acetylcarnitine
O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.		2.0510O-acetylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cyclo(leucyl-prolyl)
cyclo(leucyl-prolyl): structure in first source. cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) : A homodetic cyclic peptide composed from leucyl and prolyl residues.		3.3110dipeptide;
homodetic cyclic peptide;
pyrrolopyrazine		bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite
13-epi-sclareol
13-epi-sclareol: an unusual labdane diterpene from the roots of Coleus forskohlii with cell growth inhibitory action in breast and uterine cancers in vitro; structure in first source		2.1710
bufalin
bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid		animal metabolite;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
cardiotonic drug
oleanane
oleanane: from the aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa; structure in first source		3.8630terpenoid fundamental parent;
triterpene
alpha-solanine
[no description available]		2.0710glycoalkaloid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
steroid saponin;
trisaccharide derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.		2.610biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent
mannich bases
Mannich Bases: Ketonic amines prepared from the condensation of a ketone with formaldehyde and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine. A Mannich base can act as the equivalent of an alpha,beta unsaturated ketone in synthesis or can be reduced to form physiologically active amino alcohols.		2.0810
formazans
Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.		2.4220
nifurtoinol
nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.		2.0510hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
gs-7340
tenofovir alafenamide: component of Biktarvy. tenofovir alafenamide : An L-alanine derivative that is isopropyl L-alaninate in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an (S)-({[(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)(phenoxy)phosphoryl group. A prodrug for tenofovir, it is used (as the fumarate salt) in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		2.6106-aminopurines;
ether;
isopropyl ester;
L-alanine derivative;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
triacsin c
triacsin C: from Streptomyces No. 1228; structure given in first source; an acyl-CoA synthetase antagonist. triacsin C : A nitroso compound that is N-undecylnitrous hydrazide carrying double bonds at positions 1,2,4, and 7. It is a long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor and interferes with lipid metabolism by inhibiting the de novo synthesis of glycerolipids and cholesterol esters.		2.0710hydrazone;
nitroso compound;
olefinic compound		antimalarial;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.64 (retinoid isomerohydrolase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
fosinopril
[no description available]		2.0510
iniparib
[no description available]		2.610carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
n-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(n-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide
[no description available]		2.610
pri-2205
[no description available]		2.610
beta-sitosterone
beta-sitosterone: from Torreya jackii		3.1710
mk 0752
[no description available]		2.610
eflucimibe
eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor		2.0510
givinostat
[no description available]		2.610carbamate ester
pd 144418
[no description available]		2.610
acanthoic acid
acanthoic acid: from root bark of Acanthopanax koreanum; structure given in first source		2.0210
cajanine
cajanine: isolated from Cajanus cajan L.; structure in first source		3.3110stilbenoid
bicyclol
bicyclol: an antihepatitis drug, on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rats.		2.610
midostaurin
midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.		2.610benzamides;
gamma-lactam;
indolocarbazole;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether
palbinone
palbinone: terpenoid isolated from the roots of Paeonia albiflora; structure given in first source; showed strong inhibitory activity against 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase		2.462016-oxo steroidmetabolite
ly 450139
[no description available]		2.610peptide
apigenin-7-o-rutinoside
[no description available]		2.0710
gambogic acid
gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer		2.0710pyranoxanthonesmetabolite
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		2.0510organic molecular entity
cabazitaxel
cabazitaxel: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. cabazitaxel : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 10-deacetylbaccatin III having O-methyl groups attached at positions 7 and 10 as well as an O-(2R,3S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoyl group attached at position 13. Acts as a microtubule inhibitor, binds tubulin and promotes microtubule assembly and simultaneously inhibits disassembly.		3.2710tetracyclic diterpenoidantineoplastic agent;
microtubule-stabilising agent
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		3.460aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.		2.610aromatic amide;
lactam;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound;
oxazolidinone;
thiophenes		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid
4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxofuran-3-carboxylic acid: an anorectic fatty acid synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. (2R,3S)-C75 : A 4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid that has 2R,3S-configuration.		2.07104-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid;
gamma-lactone
sb 3ct compound
SB 3CT compound: a matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid
3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid: from Potentilla chinensis		2.7330triterpenoid
ginsenoside rb1
[no description available]		2.8330ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
anti-obesity agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0510
bn 52020
[no description available]		2.0710
rucaparib
AG14447: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610azepinoindole;
caprolactams;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
glutinol
glutinol: from a medicinal lichen, Usnea longissima; structure in first source. glutinol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is picene which has been fully hydrogenated except for a double bond between the 4a and 5 positions and is substituted by methyl groups at the 4, 4, 6bbeta, 8abeta, 11, 11, 12balpha and 14bbeta positions, and by a hydroxy group at the 3beta position.		2.1310pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol
3-chloro-4-(3-(7-propyl-3-trifluoromethyl-6-benzisoxazolyl)propylthio)phenylacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0210
6h-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6s)-
[no description available]		2.610organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
cetilistat
cetilistat: lipase inhibitor in randomized, placebo-controlled study of weight reduction in obese patients (3/2007)		2.610benzoxazine
ym 201636
6-amino-N-(3-(4-(4-morpholinyl)pyrido(3',2'-4,5)furo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide: an antiviral agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic amide
1-(2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oyl) imidazole
[no description available]		3.2510
4-(alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid
4-(alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid: structure in first source		2.0110tannin
osu 03012
OSU 03012: a PDK-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		3.3110antibiotic antifungal drug;
aromatic amide;
glycine derivative;
organofluorine compound;
phenanthrenes;
pyrazoles		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
eclalbasaponin i
eclalbasaponin I: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Eclipta prostrata; structure in first source		2.1510
linagliptin
Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.		2.610aminopiperidine;
quinazolines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
2-methoxyjuglone
2-methoxyjuglone: from Juglan; structure in first source		3.1710
2,4,2',4'-Tetrahydroxychalcone
[no description available]		3.3110chalcones
azd 6244
AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor		2.5420benzimidazoles;
bromobenzenes;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
odanacatib
odanacatib: a selective inhibitor of cathepsin K for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis; structure in first source		2.610
betulin-3-caffeate
betulin-3-caffeate: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Hibiscus syriacus; structure in first source		2.1510
apilimod
[no description available]		2.610
cerevisterol
cerevisterol: in mushroom family; Russian. cerevisterol : An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5 and 6 (the 3beta,5alpha,6beta stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the fungus, Xylaria species.		2.02103beta-hydroxy steroid;
5alpha-hydroxy steroid;
6beta-hydroxy steroid;
ergostanoid		Aspergillus metabolite
apixaban
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
lactam;
piperidones;
pyrazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
carmine
carminic acid : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methyl group at position 8, a carboxy group at position 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 2 via a C-glycosidic linkage. It is a natural dye isolated from several insects such as Dactylopius coccus.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
tetrahydroxyanthraquinone		animal metabolite;
histological dye
arisugacin
arisugacin: isolated from Penicillium sp. FO-4259; structure given in first source. arisugacin A : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 4a,12a-dihydroxy-4,4,6a,12b-tetramethyl-4a,6,6a,12,12a,12b-hexahydro-4H,11H-benzo[f]pyrano[4,3-b]chromene-1,11(5H)-dione substituted by 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 9 (the 4aR,6aR,12aS,12bS steroisomer). Isolated from the culture broth of Penicillium, it acts as a selective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.		3.2710aromatic ether;
delta-lactone;
enone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
betrixaban
betrixaban: a highly potent, selective, and orally efficacious factor Xa inhibitor; structure in first source. betrixaban : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamimidoyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-N-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-methoxybenzamide. A synthetic anticoagulant compound that targets activated factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.		2.610benzamides;
guanidines;
monochloropyridine;
monomethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
edoxaban
edoxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is used (as its tosylate monohydrate) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.		2.610chloropyridine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound;
thiazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
saracatinib
[no description available]		3.6920aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
diether;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
oxanes;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
akuammicine
akuammicine: from Strychnos sp;; structure in first source. akuammicine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C20H22N2O2, isolated from several plant species including Alstonia spatulata, Catharanthus roseus and Vinca major.		2.1710methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		plant metabolite
n-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide
boceprevir : A synthetic tripeptide consisting of N-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl, a cyclopropyl-fused prolyl and 3-amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide residues joined in sequence. Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.		2.610tripeptide;
ureas		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
7-aminoactinomycin d
7-aminoactinomycin D: staining reagent used in flow cytometry		2.0310
bavachinin
bavachinin: do not confuse with bavachin		2.0710flavanones
Cycloartobiloxanthone
cycloartobiloxanthone: a flavonoid isolated from stem bark of Artocarpus gomezianus; has antineoplastic properties		2.0510pyranoxanthones
hermitamide b
hermitamide B: isolated from Lyngbya majuscula; structure in first source		2.1710
cur 61414
CUR 61414: inhibits the hedehog signaling pathway; structure in first source		3.1410
alpha-cadinol
alpha-cadinol : A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that is cadin-4-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 10.		3.3420cadinane sesquiterpenoid;
carbobicyclic compound;
octahydronaphthalenes;
tertiary alcohol		fungicide;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
betulone
[no description available]		2.4620triterpenoidmetabolite
ly 411575
[no description available]		2.610dibenzoazepine;
difluorobenzene;
lactam;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
galidesivir
[no description available]		2.610
trans-delta-tocotrienoloic acid
tocotrienoloic acid: from leaves of Tovomitopsis psychotriifolia; structure given in first source		2.1710tocotrienol
PB28
PB28 : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin that is substituted by 3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a sigma 2 (sigma2) receptor agonist (Ki = 0.68 nM) and exhibits antineoplastic and anti SARS-CoV-2 activities.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperazines;
tetralins		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
sigma-2 receptor agonist
(+)-lyoniresinol-3-alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
(+)-lyoniresinol-3-alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A lignan that is (+)-lyoniresinol substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from the root barks of Stemmadenia minima and Lycium chinense, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.		2.0810beta-D-glucoside;
dimethoxybenzene;
lignan;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyphenol;
primary alcohol;
tetralins		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
metabolite
oxadiazoles
Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.		7.1310
vinflunine
vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.		2.0510acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent
levomepromazine maleate
6-hydroxysalvinolone: from Salvia chorassanica; structure in first source		2.0210
3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that consists of 4-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Acacia mearnsii it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		2.0810aromatic ether;
benzyl alcohols;
beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
primary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
nodulisporic acid a
nodulisporic acid A: a novel indole diterpene insecticide; structure in first source		2.1710
baci-im
[no description available]		2.0510homodetic cyclic peptide;
polypeptide;
zwitterion		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent
edgeworin
edgeworin: from Dirca occidentalis Gray; structure given in first source		2.0410
5-methoxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
[no description available]		2.0110extended flavonoid
Diosmetin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
[no description available]		2.1110flavonoids;
glycoside
grayanotoxin iii
grayanotoxin III: from leaves of Leucothoe grayana (Ericaceae); RN refers to (3beta,6beta,14R)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710
allobetulinol
allobetulinol : A triterpenoid that is (18alpha)-19,28-epoxyoleanane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.		2.7430cyclic ether;
secondary alcohol;
triterpenoid
oleanderolide
oleanderolide: oleanane-type triterpene from Nerium oleander; structure in first source		2.0210
degrasyn
degrasyn: a JAK2 kinase inhibitor that induces rapid degradation of c-Myc protein in MM-1 multiple myeloma and other tumor cell lines; structure in first source		2.6920
epoxomicin
[no description available]		2.610morpholines;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
bms 477118
[no description available]		2.610adamantanes;
azabicycloalkane;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
pha 680632
PHA 680632: Aurora kinase inhibitor with potent antitumoral activity; structure in first source		2.610
tmc 353121
[no description available]		2.610
amd 070
mavorixafor: a derivative of AMD3100; a CXCR4 blocker		2.610aminoquinoline
danoprevir
[no description available]		2.610
bms-626529
[no description available]		2.610
bms-663068
fostemsavir: an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
amenamevir
ASP2151: a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor, in a guinea pig model of genital herpes; structure in first source		2.610
vx 765
belnacasan: a NSAID		2.610dipeptide
Dihydrotanshinone I
dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae		2.5720abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
alogliptin
alogliptin: structure in first source. alogliptin : A piperidine that is 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine carrying additional 2-cyanobenzyl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used in the form of its benzoate salt for treatment of type 2 diabetes.		2.610nitrile;
piperidines;
primary amino compound;
pyrimidines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
nvp-aew541
[no description available]		3.2710
kalopanax saponin b
kalopanax saponin B: isolated from Kalopanax septemlobus; structure given in first source. kalopanaxsaponin B : A triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus.		2.3110carboxylic ester;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triterpenoid saponin		anti-inflammatory agent;
plant metabolite
fr 180204
FR 180204: structure in first source		2.610pyrazoles;
ring assembly
dorsomorphin
dorsomorphin: an AMPK inhibitor. dorsomorphin : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by pyridin-4-yl and p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl groups, respectively. It is a potent, selective, reversible, and ATP-competitive inhibitor of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase, EC 2.7.11.31) and a selective inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.		2.5720aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
pyridines		bone morphogenetic protein receptor antagonist;
EC 2.7.11.31 {[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase} inhibitor
quisinostat
[no description available]		2.610indoles
anacetrapib
[no description available]		2.1510
carfilzomib
[no description available]		2.610epoxide;
morpholines;
tetrapeptide		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
hcv 796
HCV 796: inhibits HCV RdRp; structure in first source		2.610
apremilast
[no description available]		2.2510aromatic ether;
N-acetylarylamine;
phthalimides;
sulfone		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
sitagliptin phosphate
Sitagliptin Phosphate: A pyrazine-derived DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR and HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT that increases the levels of the INCRETIN hormones GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.		2.1110
glabrol
glabrol: from Glycyrrhiza glabra hairy root; structure in first source		1.9910flavanones
resminostat
resminostat: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
nsc-287088
[no description available]		3.1410
pulsatilla saponin d
[no description available]		2.0510triterpenoidmetabolite
lactimidomycin
lactimidomycin: a glutarimide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces amphibiosporus		3.3110macrolide
zk 756326
2-(2-(4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol: a CC chemokine receptor CCR8 agonist; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
balapiravir
balapiravir: a prodrug of R1479; structure in first source		2.610
trametinib
[no description available]		2.610acetamides;
aromatic amine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound;
organoiodine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
ring assembly		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
scopadulcic acid b
scopadulcic acid B: isolated from Scorparia dulcis		2.1710
gliocladin c
gliocladin C: structure in first source		2.1710
deoxyarbutin
4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenol: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610
abexinostat
abexinostat: structure in first source		2.610benzofurans
zincophorin
zincophorin: 25 carbon polypropionate from Streptomyces griseus; griseochelin and M 144255 are the same monocarboxylic acid ionophore		2.1710pyransbacterial metabolite;
ionophore
streptazolin
streptazolin: from culture of Streptomyces sp.; structure in first source		2.1710
silvestrol
silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris. silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.610dioxanes;
ether;
methyl ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
ginsenoside ro
ginsenoside Ro: from ginseng; RN given refers to ginsenoside Ro, (all-D)-isomer		2.3110triterpenoid saponinmetabolite
chatancin
chatancin: structure in first source		2.1710
narlaprevir
narlaprevir: an antiviral agent that inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3 protease. narlaprevir : An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by [(3S)-1-(cyclopropylamino)-1,2-dioxoheptan-3-yl]aminoacyl and N-({1-[(tert-butylsulfonyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}carbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl groups at positions 2S and 3, respectively. It is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor (Ki = 6 nM) that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.		2.610azabicyclohexane;
cyclopropanes;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone;
tertiary carboxamide;
ureas		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
3-epioleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.4620triterpenoidmetabolite
teneligliptin
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		2.0710benzoxazole
dextrothyroxine
[no description available]		2.610
veliparib
[no description available]		2.610benzimidazolesEC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.1310
cinobufagin
cinobufagin: isolated from Chinese medicinal preparation ch'an su; derived from toad venom		2.0710steroid lactone
viridiflorol
viridiflorol: a strong feeding deterrent for the melaleuca weevil that retards larval development; structure in first source. viridiflorol : A carbotricyclic compound that is (1aS,4aR,7aR,7bR)-decahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene carrying four methyl substituents at positions 1, 1, 4 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 4. It is a sesquiterpenoid isolated from several plant species and is a strong feeding deterrent for the melaleuca weevil that retards larval development.		2.1110carbotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifeedant;
antimycobacterial drug;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
pf 03491390
[no description available]		2.5420
verproside
verproside: from Pseudolysimachion longifolium; structure in first source		2.4920glycosidemetabolite
minecoside
[no description available]		2.4920hydroxycinnamic acidmetabolite
morelloflavone
morelloflavone: also inhibits cruzain; RN given for (2S-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-morelloflavone : A biflavonoid found in Rheedia edulis and Garcinia livingstonei.		2.1710biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavanone;
hydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
cinnamosmolide
cinnamosmolide: isolated from several species of Canellaceae family; structure in first source		2.1710
phytosterols
Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.		3.1250
11-deoxy glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.4620triterpenoid
alloin
[no description available]		2.610anthracenes;
C-glycosyl compound;
cyclic ketone;
phenols		laxative;
metabolite
2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid
alphitolic acid: from the aerial parts of Gouania longipetala; structure in first source. 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is betulinic acid carrying an additional alpha-hydroxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa.		4.5970dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
alpha-amyrenone
alpha-amyrenone: from Marsdenia officinalis Tsiang		2.0110
azadiradione
azadiradione: structure in first source. azadiradione : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 4,4,8-trimethylandrosta-1,14-diene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 16, an acetoxy group at position 7 and a furan-3-yl group at position 17. Isolated from Azadirachta indica, it exhibits antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.		3.1710acetate ester;
cyclic terpene ketone;
furans;
limonoid;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antimycobacterial drug;
plant metabolite
(-)-pinoresinol
(-)-pinoresinol : An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (-)-1R,3aS,4R,6aS-configuration.		2.0810pinoresinolplant metabolite
atropine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710
oleanonic acid
oleanonic acid: structure in first source		3.4670
cannogenin thevetoside
cannogenin thevetoside: from Thevetia neriifolia; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARDENOLIDES (77-84), CARDANOLIDES (75-76); RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer		2.0710cardenolide glycoside
soyasapogenol a
soyasapogenol A: RN refers to (3beta,4beta,21beta,22beta)-isomer; structure in first source. soyasapogenol A : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 21beta, 22beta and 24-positions.		2.3110pentacyclic triterpenoid
clove
Madagascar: One of the Indian Ocean Islands off the southeast coast of Africa. Its capital is Antananarivo. It was formerly called the Malagasy Republic. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, its history has been tied predominantly to the French, becoming a French protectorate in 1882, a French colony in 1896, and a territory within the French union in 1946. The Malagasy Republic was established in the French Community in 1958 but it achieved independence in 1960. Its name was changed to Madagascar in 1975. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p714)		340
acid phosphatase
Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.		2.0710
eriodictyol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
[no description available]		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
flavanone glycoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavanone		plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
taraxasteryl acetate
taraxasteryl acetate: from Inula britannica; an anti-hepatitis substance; do not confuse with psi-taraxasterol acetate		2.4420triterpenoidmetabolite
chikusetsu saponin iva
chikusetsu saponin IVa: from the tubers of Hemsleya pengxianensis (Cucurbitaceae)		3.3110triterpenoid saponinmetabolite
Mangiferonic acid
[no description available]		2.0110triterpenoid
prim-o-glucosylcimifugin
prim-O-glucosylcimifugin: from Peucedanum dissolutum; structure in first source		2.4920organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle
saringosterol
saringosterol: from a Chilean brown algae, Lessonia nigrescens; structure in first source		2.0310
15-deoxygoyazensolide
15-deoxygoyazensolide: an NSAID with schistossomicidal and trypanosomicidal activities; structure in first source		2.1710
hypocrellin a
hypocrellin A: isolated from fungus Hypocrella bambusae sacc		2.0710
lyoniside
lyoniside: see also eleutherosides & syringin for eleutheroside B: 118-34-3; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer		2.5420
gomisin-g
[no description available]		3.1510
koetjapic acid
koetjapic acid: antineoplastic from Sandoricum koetjape tree bark; structure in first source		7.1110steroid acid
augustic acid
[no description available]		2.4620
mitragynine
speciogynine: structure in first source		2.1710
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		2.0510organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mdv 3100
[no description available]		2.6920(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
benzamides;
imidazolidinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
thiocarbonyl compound		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
amodiaquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		3.6690
bms-650032
asunaprevir: an NS3 protease inhibitor against hepatitis C virus		2.610oligopeptide
rg 7128
2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3',5'-diisobutyryldeoxycytidine: inhibits HCV polymerase; structure in first source		2.610
tannins
gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).		2.0510tannin
enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.		2.4320
viscotoxin
viscotoxin: 5 kDa, 46 aa peptide from VISCUM related to other thionins; do not confuse with other proteins from VISCUM		2.1510
glucagon-like peptide 1
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.		2.5720
oritavancin
oritavancin : A semisynthetic glycopeptide used (as its bisphosphate salt) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of designated Gram-positive microorganisms including MRSA.		2.610disaccharide derivative;
glycopeptide;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.		2.0310glycoside
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.		2.82301,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
pevonedistat
pevonedistat: a potent and selective inhibitor of NAE (NEDD8-activating enzyme). pevonedistat : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted by a (1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylnitrilo group at position 4 and by a (1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-[(sulfamoyloxy)methyl]cyclopentyl group at position 7. It is a potent and selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.7 nM, and currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes.		2.610cyclopentanols;
indanes;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
secondary amino compound;
sulfamidate		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
uk 453,061
UK 453,061: a reverse transcriptase inhibitor/anti-HIV agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
thuggacin a
thuggacin A: structure in first source		3.1710
N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amide
pinoresinol
pinoresinol: in plants; a furo[3,4-c]furan created from dimer of coniferyl alcohol. pinoresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups.		3.0140
dihydrorobinetin
dihydrorobinetin: structure in first source		2.0710
cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide
cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide: RN given refers to the (3-beta)-isomer; do not confuse with cholesterol hydroperoxide (5-hydroperoxycholesterol)		2.0810
2-hydroxyursolic acid
2-hydroxyursolic acid: isolated from the stem bark of Physocarpus intermedius; structure in first source		3.8940
spongia-13(16),14-dien-19-oic acid
spongia-13(16),14-dien-19-oic acid : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 3b,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9,9a,9b,10,11-dodecahydrophenanthro[1,2-c]furan substituted by methyl groups at positions 3b, 6 and 9 and a carboxy group at position 6. Isolated from Spongia, it exhibits inhibitory activity against androgen receptor.		2.1710cyclic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		androgen antagonist;
metabolite
cycloeucalenone
cycloeucalenone: from the stems of Tinospora crispa; structure in first source. cycloeucalenone : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 4alpha,14-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(28)-ene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from several plant species including Quercus variabilis, Ammocharis coranica, Solanum cernuum and Tinospora crispa.		2.11103-oxo-5alpha-steroid;
cyclic terpene ketone;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
Norartocarpanone
[no description available]		3.3110flavanones
brosimine b
brosimine B: flavonoid from trunk bark of Brosimum acutifolium; structure in first source		7.2510
roquefortine
[no description available]		2.1710pyrroloindole
23-hydroxybetulinic acid
23-hydroxybetulinic acid: structure in first source		4.5470triterpenoidmetabolite
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.1710hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
(1S,3aR,4S,6S,6aS,9aS,9bS)-9a-isocyano-6-(2-isocyano-2-methylpropyl)-1,4-dimethyl-7-methylidene-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,8,9,9b-decahydro-1H-phenalene
[no description available]		3.1710diterpenoidmetabolite
chitosan
[no description available]		4.5660
balanophonin
balanophonin: from fruit wall of Cirsium vulgare; structure in first source		2.1110
tegobuvir
tegobuvir: a non-structural protein 5B polymerase inhibitor		2.610
pf-429242
PF-429242: a subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease inhibitor		2.610
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		2.0510organosulfonic acid
cerivastatin sodium
cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
statin (synthetic)
monensin
[no description available]		2.4720
oxacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
sodium diatrizoate
histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
olaparib
[no description available]		2.610cyclopropanes;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
phthalazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
(E)-1,7-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hept-4-en-3-one
[no description available]		3.3110diarylheptanoid
methyl jasmonate
[no description available]		8.1640
jujuboside b
jujuboside B: from seeds of Ziziphus jujuba; structure in first source		2.4620triterpenoid
beta-Elemonic acid
beta-elemonic acid: extracted from Boswellia carterii		2.0510triterpenoid
cx 4945
[no description available]		2.610
pci 34051
PCI 34051: an HDAC8 inhibitor		2.610indolecarboxamide
a-922500
[no description available]		2.0710aromatic ketone
gdc 0449
HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity		3.1410benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfone		antineoplastic agent;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
SMO receptor antagonist;
teratogenic agent
marinopyrrole a
marinopyrrole A: antibiotic from a marine Streptomyces sp.; structure in first source. (-)-marinopyrrole A : A member of the class of pyrroles that is 1'H-1,3'-bipyrrole substituted by four chloro groups at positions 4, 4', 5 and 5' and two 2-hydroxybenzoyl moieties at positions 2 and 2'. It is isolated from Streptomyces sp.CNQ-418 and exhibits cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.		2.1710aromatic ketone;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
pyrroles		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite
lomibuvir
lomibuvir: an antiviral agent with polymerase NS5 inhibitory activity		2.610thiophenecarboxylic acid
delanzomib
[no description available]		2.610C-terminal boronic acid peptide;
phenylpyridine;
secondary alcohol;
threonine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
proteasome inhibitor
madecassoside
[no description available]		2.3110carboxylic ester;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
trisaccharide derivative;
triterpenoid saponin		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
antirheumatic drug;
plant metabolite;
vulnerary
pitavastatin(1-)
pitavastatin(1-) : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pitavastatin, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
colletoic acid
colletoic acid: an 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; structure in first source		2.1710
GRL-0617
GRL-0617 : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-amino-2-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine. It is a potent noncovalent inhibitor (IC50 = 600 nM) of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus papain-like protease (SARS-CoV PLpro).		2.610benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
N-[4-[3-[[[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]amino]-oxomethyl]-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
CAY10603: a HDAC6 inhibitor		2.610carbamate ester
niraparib
niraparib: structure in first source. niraparib : A 2-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide that has S-configuration. It is a potent inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 3.8 and 2.1 nM, respectively) and approved as a first-line maintenance treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer after responding to platinum-based chemotherapy.		2.6102-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamideantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
jzl 184
JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source		2.610benzodioxoles
gsk 650394
[no description available]		2.610phenylpyridine
oprozomib
ONX 0912: antineoplastic; an orally active proteasome inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
az 960
[no description available]		2.610
chaetoviridin E
chaetoviridin E : An azaphilone that is 6H-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8(6aH)-dione substituted by a chloro group at position 5, a methyl group at position 6a, a 2-methylbut-2-enoyl group at position 9 and a 3-methylpent-1-en-1-yl group at position 3. It has been isolated from Chaetomium globosum.		3.1710azaphilone;
enone;
gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organochlorine compound		Chaetomium metabolite
robotnikinin
robotnikinin: binds sonic hedgehog protein to block its signaling pathway; structure in first source		3.1410
golgicide a
golgicide A: inhibits the cis-golgi ArfGEF GBF1; structure in first source. golgicide A : A diastereoisomeric mixture comprising racemic cis- and racemic trans-goglioside A in a 10:1 ratio. It is a potent and rapidly reversible GBF1 (Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) inhibitor. The (3aS,4R,9bR) isomer is the most active (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 22, 5177-5181).		2.610diastereoisomeric mixturecis-Golgi ArfGEF GBF inhibitor
cobicistat
[no description available]		2.6101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
ureas		P450 inhibitor
bms-790052
daclatasvir: an HCV NS5A inhibitor. daclatasvir : A member of the class of biphenyls that is a potent inhibitor of nonstructural protein 5A and is used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of hepatitis C.		2.610biphenyls;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
imidazoles;
valine derivative		antiviral drug;
nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
ixazomib
ixazomib: a proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; MLN2238 is the biologically active form of MLN9708; structure in first source. ixazomib : A glycine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)glycine with the amino group of [(1R)-1-amino-3-methylbutyl]boronic acid. The active metabolite of ixazomib citrate, it is used in combination therapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.		2.610benzamides;
boronic acids;
dichlorobenzene;
glycine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
orphan drug;
proteasome inhibitor
ucph 101
2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(naphthalen-1-yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile: structure in first source		2.610
ipomoeassin f
ipomoeassin F: a cytotoxic macrocyclic glycoresin from the leaves of Ipomoea squamosa from the Suriname rainforest		2.1710
epi-maslinic acid
epi-maslinic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 3alpha-hydroxy epimer of maslinic acid. Isolated from Prunella vulgaris and Isodon japonicus, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.		2.9840dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
metabolite
enanthotoxin
enanthotoxin: poisonous principle of Oenanthe crocata (Water Dropwort); RN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer		2.1110long-chain fatty alcohol
5-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine
[no description available]		2.610aryl sulfide;
thienopyrimidine
glycolipids
[no description available]		3.0640
scyx 7158
[no description available]		3.2710(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
baricitinib
[no description available]		2.610azetidines;
nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antirheumatic drug;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
KOM70144
KOM70144 : A benzamide that is GRL-0617 in which one of the hydrogen's of the primary amino group is replaced by an acetyl group. It an inhibitor of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) with an IC50 of 2.6 muM and 5.0 muM, respectively. It also inhibits SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells in vitro (EC50 values are 13.1 and 21 muM, respectively).		2.610acetamides;
benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		2.4720
6,8-dihydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-(3-methylbutanoyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-9h-xanthene-1,3-dione
[no description available]		2.1710xanthenes
e-52862
[no description available]		2.610
ly2811376
[no description available]		2.610
7-hydroxymitragynine
7-hydroxymitragynine: an orally active opioid analgesic from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa; structure in first source		2.1710alkaloid
centratherin
centratherin: from Eremanthus eriopus (Asteraceae); structure in first source		3.1710
anagliptin
anagliptin: anagliptin hydrochloride salt is the active compound		2.610amino acid amide
dorrigocin b
dorrigocin B: isolated from the fermentation broth & mycelium of Streptomyces platensis; structure given in first source		2.1710
dorrigocin a
dorrigocin A: isolated from the fermentation broth & mycelium of Streptomyces platensis; structure given in first source		2.1710
gypenoside XVII
gypenoside XVII : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.492012beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
gardiquimod
[no description available]		2.610
2-oxopomolic acid
2-oxopomolic acid: isolated from Polylepis racemosa; structure in first source		2.110
grazoprevir
grazoprevir: has antiviral activity; component of Zepatier. grazoprevir : An azamacrocyclic compound that is a hepatitis C protease inhibitor used in combination with elbasvir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610aromatic ether;
azamacrocycle;
carbamate ester;
cyclopropanes;
lactam;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
quinoxaline derivative		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
abt-450
paritaprevir: inhibits HCV NS3 protease. paritaprevir : An azamacrocycle which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610
letermovir
letermovir: has antiviral activity; structure in first source		2.610
sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		3.8220isopropyl ester;
L-alanyl ester;
nucleotide conjugate;
organofluorine compound;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
prodrug
5-(4-amino-1-propan-2-yl-3-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine
sapanisertib: an mTOR inhibitor		2.610benzoxazole
blz 945
[no description available]		2.610
azd3839
AZD3839: a BACE1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
pf 3084014
nirogacestat: an antineoplastic agent. nirogacestat : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted by a 1-[(2,2-dimethylpropyl)amino]-2-methylpropan-2-yl group at position 1 and a {N-[(2S)-6,8-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-L-norvalyl}amino group at position 4. It is a gamma-secretase inhibitor whose hydrobromide salt is indicated for adult patients with progressing desmoid tumours who require systemic treatment.		2.610
unc 0638
UNC 0638: inhibits lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP; structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
gs-9620
[no description available]		2.610
n-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide
N-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: structure in first source		2.610
benzoylpaeoniflorin
benzoylpaeoniflorin: from Paeonia lactiflora		2.0610
bms 708163
BMS 708163: structure in first source		2.610oxadiazole;
ring assembly
jq1 compound
[no description available]		2.610carboxylic ester;
organochlorine compound;
tert-butyl ester;
thienotriazolodiazepine		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
ferroptosis inducer
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone: a USP7 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
gsk525762a
molibresib: mimicks acetylated histones; structure in first source		2.610benzodiazepine
ML240
ML240 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2, 5 and 8 by 2-amino-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, benzylnitrilo and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a ATP-competetive inhibitor of AAA ATPase p97, also known as valosin-containing protein (VCP).		2.610aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent
birinapant
birinapant: a Smac mimetic with antineoplastic activity		2.610dipeptide
evacetrapib
[no description available]		2.1510benzazepine
ly2886721
[no description available]		2.610
nms-p118
NMS-P118: a PARP-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
tubastatin a
[no description available]		2.610hydroxamic acid;
pyridoindole;
tertiary amino compound		EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
pracinostat
pracinostat : A hydroxamic acid that is N-hydroxyacrylamide which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl group (the E isomer). An orally available pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor with demonstrated activity in the treatment of advanced solid tumours.		2.610benzimidazole;
hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
epoxyazadiradione
epoxyazadiradione: limonoid from neem tree Azadirachta indica; RN given for (5alpha,7alpha,13alpha,14beta,15beta,17alpha)-isomer; structure in first source. epoxyazadiradione : A limonoid that is azadiradione with an epoxy group across positions 14 and 15. Isolated from Azadirachta indica it exhibits insecticidal activitry against mosquitoes.		3.1710acetate ester;
cyclic terpene ketone;
epoxide;
furans;
limonoid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
insecticide;
plant metabolite
physalin f
physalin F: has immunosuppressive activity; from Physalis angulata L; structure given in first source. physalin F : A physalin with antimalarial and antitumour activities isolated from Physalis angulata.		3.1410enone;
epoxy steroid;
lactone;
physalin		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
immunosuppressive agent
spautin-1
[no description available]		2.610
jujuboside a
[no description available]		7.7430triterpenoid
ldn 57444
LDN 57444: inhibitor of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1; structure in first source		2.610
gsk1210151a
GSK1210151A: inhibitor of the BET family of proteins; structure in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
i-bet726
[no description available]		2.610
tatanan a
tatanan A: from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott; structure in first source		3.6920
acy-1215
ricolinostat: an HDAC6 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610pyrimidinecarboxylic acid
cudc-907
[no description available]		2.610
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		2.4420ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		3.620carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		2.5120
chlortetracycline
Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.		2.0510
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		2.0510
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		2.4720
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		2.6120monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.		2.4720hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam
[no description available]		2.0510benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.54201,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.0510heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		3.3360benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.		2.0510hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
citrinin
Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.		2.0710
tipranavir
tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.		2.610sulfonamideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
tasquinimod
tasquinimod: a lead second generation quinoline-3-carboxamide anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of prostate cancer; structure in first source		2.610
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.0510
lornoxicam
lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.		2.0510heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
vulpinic acid
vulpinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source; vulpinic acid refers to (E)-isomer		2.0710butenolide
ilicicolin h
ilicicolin H: structure in first source. ilicicolin H : An aromatic ketone in which the ketone carbonyl group is attached to a (1R,2R,4aS,7S,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl group and a 4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl group. Isolated from the from the "imperfect" fungus Cylindrocladium iliciola strain MFC-870.		2.1710aromatic ketone;
carbobicyclic compound;
ilicicolin;
monohydroxypyridine;
octahydronaphthalenes;
phenols;
pyridone		antimicrobial agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
clorobiocin
clorobiocin: chlorine-containing antibiotic related to novobiocin		3.2710
sch 419560
Sch 419560: isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens; structure in first source		3.1710
gsk1265744
[no description available]		2.610difluorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
abt-267
ombitasvir: inhibits HCV NS5A protein, component of Viekirax. ombitasvir : A dipeptide derivative which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic amide;
carbamate ester;
dipeptide;
pyrrolidines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
abt-333
dasabuvir: an antiviral agent. dasabuvir : A member of the class of pyrimidone, which is (as the monohydrate of its sodium salt) in combination with ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
pyrimidone;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor
rgfp966
[no description available]		2.610
rg2833
RG2833: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		3.5920
transforming growth factor beta
Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.		3.0240
pi-1840
PI-1840: has both antineoplastic and proteasome inhibitory activities; structure in first source		2.610
okadaic acid
Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.		2.0110ketal
acy-738
[no description available]		2.610
pelabresib
CPI-0610: a bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610monochlorobenzenes;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
primary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor
sansanmycin
sansanmycin: isolated from Streptomyces; structure in first source		3.1710
gs-5806
presatovir: a respiratory syncytial virus entry inhibitor		2.610
doravirine
[no description available]		2.610
gn6958
GN6958: inhibits SUMO-sentrin specific protease 1 (SENP1); structure in first source		2.610
vx-787
pimodivir: non‐nucleotide inhibitor of the polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) subunit of the influenza A that is active against H1N1, H7N9 and H5N1, as well as influenza A strains with reduced susceptibility to NAIs		2.610
ledipasvir
ledipasvir : A benzimidazole derivative that is used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		2.610azaspiro compound;
benzimidazole;
bridged compound;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
fluorenes;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
gs-5816
velpatasvir: an NS5A inhibitor used for treating hepatitis C infections. velpatasvir : A complex organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the brand name Epclusa) for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C of all six major genotypes.		2.610carbamate ester;
ether;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
g007-lk
G007-LK: potent and specific small-molecule tankyrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
ajmaline
[no description available]		2.4720
tatanan b
tatanan B: from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott; structure in first source		2.1710
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-n-hydroxybenzamide
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-N-hydroxybenzamide: inhibits HDAC6; structure in first source		2.610
selinexor
selinexor: inhibits karyopherin XPO1		2.610
verdinexor
verdinexor: a selective inhibitor of nuclear export		2.610
gracilioether f
gracilioether F: structure in first source		2.1710
agar
Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.		2.2110
cb-839
[no description available]		2.610
ziyuglycoside i
ziyuglycoside I: isolated from the leaves of Hex pupurea; structure in first source		2.3110
mk-8742
elbasvir: inhibits NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus. elbasvir : A complex organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with grazoprevir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610carbamate ester;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
atglistatin
atglistatin: inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase; structure in first source. atglistatin : A biphenyl that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by (dimethylcarbamoyl)amino and dimethylamino groups at positions 3 and 4', respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase activity (IC50 = 700nM).		2.610
cryptocaryol a
cryptocaryol A: from Cryptocarya spp.; structure in first source. cryptocaryol A : A member of the class of 2-pyranones that is 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one substituted by a 2,4,6,8,10-pentahydroxypentacosyl group at position 6. It has been isolated from Cryptocarya species.		2.17102-pyranones;
pentol		plant metabolite
ziyuglycoside ii
ziyuglycoside II: isolated from Sanguisorba officinalis; structure in first source		2.3110
cobra cardiotoxin proteins
Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins: Most abundant proteins in COBRA venom; basic polypeptides of 57 to 62 amino acids with four disulfide bonds and a molecular weight of less than 7000; causes skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction, interferes with neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission, depolarizes nerve, muscle and blood cell membranes, thus causing hemolysis.		2.0210
xen445
[no description available]		2.610
santacruzamate a
santacruzamate A: HDAC2 inhibitor from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium cf. Symploca sp.; structure in first source		2.610organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
cyclin d1
Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.		2.9640
ldc4297
LDC4297: a CDK7 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. LDC4297 : A pyrazolotriazine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine substituted by a piperidin-3-yloxy group, [2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzyl]nitrilo group and an isopropyl group at positions 2, 4 and 8 respectively. It is a potent and selective CDK7 inhibitor and exhibits antiviral activity.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazoles;
pyrazolotriazine;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor		2.4620
enasidenib
[no description available]		2.6101,3,5-triazines;
aminopyridine;
aromatic amine;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.42 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) inhibitor
glucagon-like peptide 2
Glucagon-Like Peptide 2: A 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. It stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreased apoptosis of ENTEROCYTES. GLP-2 enhances gastrointestinal function and plays an important role in nutrient homeostasis.		2.4920
tetrahydroamentoflavone
tetrahydroamentoflavone: isolated from Semecarpus anacardium; structure in first source		2.1710
diospyros
Diospyros: A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood.		2.8130
gibberellins
[no description available]		2.2510
t-2 toxin
T-2 Toxin: A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects.. T-2 toxin : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium. It is a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs of cereal origin and is known to cause a range of toxic effects in humans and animals.		3.5360
s 8932
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amine;
C-nucleoside;
carboxylic ester;
nitrile;
phosphoramidate ester;
pyrrolotriazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
prodrug
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		2.7530
lactoferrin
Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.		2.6120
beta-amyrin palmitate
beta-amyrin palmitate: alpha-amyrin palmitate is also available; may activate noradrenergic activity		2.1110
plicamycin
mithramycin A: structure given in first source		2.0710
lupane
lupane: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		5.45180
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		2.54202-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		2.82302-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
nu 1025
NU 1064: structure in first source		2.610phenols;
quinazolines		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclic gmp
Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.		2.48203',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine
ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose.		2.0510guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fundamental metabolite
inosinic acid
Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety.		2.0710inosine phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
inosine
[no description available]		2.0510inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		2.0510folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		4.2850cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		2.0510benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		2.7630dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		2.8230purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		2.85302-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.		2.610L-valyl esterantiviral drug
sildenafil
sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.		2.0510piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		2.0510benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		2.54202-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
oxypurinol
Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.		2.0510pyrazolopyrimidinedrug metabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
raltitrexed
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		2.4520nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		2.0510formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-hydroxyquinazoline
4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline: structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
alanosine
[no description available]		2.0510
tegaserod
tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source		2.610carboxamidine;
guanidines;
hydrazines;
indoles		gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic agonist
norclozapine
norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.		2.610dibenzodiazepine;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		delta-opioid receptor agonist;
metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		2.610N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine
Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.		2.0510aromatic amine;
benzotriazines;
N-oxide		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
rifabutin
[no description available]		2.0510
azilsartan
azilsartan: an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker; receptor blocker. azilsartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group and at position 1 by a 2'-[(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl group. Used (as the prodrug, azilsartan medoxomil) for treatment of hypertension.		2.6101,2,4-oxadiazole;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazolecarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
nataxazole
nataxazole: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Streptomyces; structure in first source		2.1710
hesperadin
[no description available]		2.610
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime: a synthetic derivative of a compound from the Mediterranean mollusk Hexaplex trunculus, protects cells from varicella infection		2.610
myxopyronin a
myxopyronin A: from Myxococcus fulvus; structure given in first source		3.1710
alpha-cyclopiazonic acid
[no description available]		2.0710alpha-cyclopiazonic acids
n'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide
[no description available]		2.610catechols;
hydrazide;
hydrazone;
naphthols		EC 3.6.5.5 (dynamin GTPase) inhibitor
XL413
XL413 : A benzofuropyrimidine that is 3,4-dihydro[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine substituted by (2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl, oxo and chloro groups at positions 2, 4, and 8, respectively. It is a potent ATP competitive inhibitor of Cdc7 kinase (IC50 = 3.4 nM) and exhibits anticancer properties.		2.610benzofuropyrimidine;
organochlorine compound;
pyrrolidines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
me0328
ME0328: inhibits ARTD3; structure in first source		2.610
nvp-tnks656
[no description available]		2.610
ganoderic acid b
ganoderic acid B: from Ganoderma lucidum in different places and stages by means of HPLC. The results show that contents of ganoderic acid B from different cultured places have differnces, different stages have effect on the amount too.		2.2110
concanavalin a
Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.		2.2110
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		2.7630
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		01.9910
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.		01.9910
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		03.4370
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		09.66270
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.7530
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		03.4370
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		16.66270
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.7530
Fibrosarcoma
A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)		0210
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		03.94120
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		03.84110
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		03.94120
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		03.84110
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		02.6930
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.4620
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.4620
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		03.3360
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		03.3360
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.91110
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		03.91110
Leukemia P388
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.		02.0210
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.9840
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, T Cell
[description not available]		02.0310
Leukemia, T-Cell
A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.		02.0310
Cancer of Pancreas
[description not available]		04.28160
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).		04.28160
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		03.1750
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		03.1750
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		08.38450
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		08.38450
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		04.6150
Insulin Sensitivity
[description not available]		03.7130
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		04.6150
Insulin Resistance
Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.		03.7130
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		02.7930
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		02.7930
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		06.75340
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		06.75340
Encephalitis, Polio
[description not available]		02.0610
Poliomyelitis
An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)		02.0610
Koch's Disease
[description not available]		02.9910
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.		02.9910
Rotavirus Infections
Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.		02.0710
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		03.9440
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		03.9440
Chickungunya Fever
[description not available]		03.0110
Break-Bone Fever
[description not available]		03.7530
Encephalitis, West Nile Fever
[description not available]		03.0110
Dengue
An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.		08.7530
West Nile Fever
A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER; maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)		03.0110
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		03.3360
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		03.3360
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		02.1310
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		02.1310
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		02.1310
Infections, Plasmodium
[description not available]		02.7330
Malaria
A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.		02.7330
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		05.03350
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		02.6320
Ischemia
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.		07.6320
Parkinson Disease
A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)		02.6320
Metastase
[description not available]		04.74100
Neoplasm Metastasis
The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.		04.74100
Leishmania Infection
[description not available]		03.5120
Leishmaniasis
A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).		03.5120
Cytomegalovirus
A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.		02.2110
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		03.87100
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		03.87100
Rheumatoid Arthritis
[description not available]		09.0140
Dermatoses
[description not available]		03.1210
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.		04.0140
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.		03.1210
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		03.1210
Emesis
[description not available]		02.2510
Acute Onset Vascular Dementia
[description not available]		02.6120
Vomiting
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.		02.2510
Dementia, Vascular
An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)		02.6120
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		02.8130
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.6620
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.6620
Arthritis, Degenerative
[description not available]		02.9330
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.		02.9330
Condition, Preneoplastic
[description not available]		02.3110
Precancerous Conditions
Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.		02.3110
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		06.15270
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		03.5880
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		06.15270
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		03.3860
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		03.3860
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		02.3110
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		04.26160
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		04.26160
Cirrhosis
[description not available]		03.3550
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.		02.6920
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.		03.3550
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.		02.6920
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		03.460
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		03.460
Lung Injury, Acute
[description not available]		02.8330
Alcoholic Liver Diseases
[description not available]		02.8220
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic
Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.		02.8220
Acute Lung Injury
A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).		02.8330
Retinal Diseases
Diseases involving the RETINA.		02.4110
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		03.1550
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		03.360
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		03.1550
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		03.360
Acute Ischemic Stroke
[description not available]		03.3310
Cerebral Ischemia
[description not available]		04.1750
Ischemic Stroke
Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin.		03.3310
Brain Ischemia
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.		04.1750
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae
[description not available]		02.4110
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.		02.4110
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.4110
Bile Duct Cancer
[description not available]		02.4110
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.		02.4110
Cholangiocarcinoma
A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.		07.4110
Cognitive Decline
[description not available]		02.6620
Cognitive Dysfunction
Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.		07.6620
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain
[description not available]		02.610
Anoxemia
[description not available]		03.560
Acute Brain Injuries
[description not available]		02.610
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		03.560
Brain Injuries
Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.		02.610
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.		02.610
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.		03.0840
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.		03.0840
Anochlesia
[description not available]		02.610
Ache
[description not available]		02.9130
Anxiety
Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.		08.4720
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.		07.9130
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		03.2550
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		03.2550
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney
[description not available]		03.0130
Cancer of Kidney
[description not available]		03.0640
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.5370
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.		03.0130
Kidney Neoplasms
Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.		03.0640
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.6620
Cancer of Cervix
[description not available]		03.570
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.		03.570
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome, Hereditary
[description not available]		02.7220
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		04.66100
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		04.66100
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic
[description not available]		03.2950
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.		03.2950
Age-Related Osteoporosis
[description not available]		02.6920
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		08.0640
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.		02.6920
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral
[description not available]		02.4110
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.		02.4110
Carcinogenesis
The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.		08.3310
Cardiac Toxicity
[description not available]		02.6320
Cardiotoxicity
Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.		07.6320
Encephalopathy, Traumatic
[description not available]		02.610
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.		02.610
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic
Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.		02.610
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		03.1630
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		03.82100
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		03.82100
Lesion of Sciatic Nerve
[description not available]		02.610
Allodynia
[description not available]		02.6920
Nerve Pain
[description not available]		02.7220
Neuralgia
Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.		02.7220
Cardiovascular Stroke
[description not available]		02.610
Myocardial Infarction
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).		02.610
Chronic Insomnia
[description not available]		02.8220
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.		02.8220
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		03.3260
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		03.3260
C gattii Infection
[description not available]		02.2110
Cryptococcosis
Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS.		02.2110
Cancer of Gallbladder
[description not available]		02.2510
Gallbladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.		02.2510
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic
[description not available]		02.7930
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.		02.7930
Equine Diseases
[description not available]		02.2510
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
[description not available]		02.5320
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.		02.5320
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		02.2510
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		02.2510
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
[description not available]		02.9630
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.		02.9630
Anasarca
[description not available]		03.5370
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		03.5370
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory
[description not available]		02.3110
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.		02.3110
Aerobic Glycolysis, Oncologic
[description not available]		02.2510
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		03.5670
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		03.5670
Microcephaly
A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.)		02.2510
Cancer of Larynx
[description not available]		02.2510
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.		02.2510
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis
[description not available]		02.3110
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.		02.3110
Endometrioma
An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.		02.2510
Endometriosis
A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.		07.2510
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic
[description not available]		02.3110
Experimental Lung Inflammation
Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.		02.8430
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.		02.8430
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.		02.3110
Atherogenesis
[description not available]		03.0640
Atherosclerosis
A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.		08.0640
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		07.5220
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		02.5220
Impaired Glucose Tolerance
[description not available]		02.3110
Glucose Intolerance
A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION.		02.3110
Injuries, Spinal Cord
[description not available]		02.3110
Spinal Cord Injuries
Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).		02.3110
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic
[description not available]		02.3110
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.		02.3110
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
[description not available]		02.3110
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.		07.3110
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		02.3110
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.		02.3110
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		02.3110
Bone Cancer
[description not available]		02.5220
Bone Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.		02.5220
Ewing Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.4620
Sarcoma, Ewing
A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females.		02.4620
American Trypanosomiasis
[description not available]		02.1510
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		07.9840
Chagas Disease
Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.		02.1510
Adjuvant Arthritis
[description not available]		03.0940
Extramembranous Glomerulopathy
[description not available]		02.1510
Proteinuria
The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.		07.1510
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous
A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane.		02.1510
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor
A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.		02.5520
Delayed Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		07.1510
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		02.520
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		02.520
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.8530
Behavior Disorders
[description not available]		02.1710
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		07.8530
Mental Disorders
Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.		02.1710
Cardiometabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.		03.5320
Dyslipidemia
[description not available]		03.4720
Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.		08.5320
Dyslipidemias
Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.		03.4720
Bleeding
[description not available]		02.1710
Muscle Disorders
[description not available]		02.1710
Hemorrhage
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.		02.1710
Muscular Diseases
Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.		02.1710
Pleurisy
INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.		07.1710
Visceral Pain
Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA) associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA; and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN.		07.1710
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		07.5420
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		04.6860
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		04.0750
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		04.6860
Infections, Pseudomonas
[description not available]		02.1710
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.		02.1710
Age-Related Memory Disorders
[description not available]		02.5820
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.		02.5820
Black Fever
[description not available]		02.1710
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.		02.1710
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		02.5220
Peripheral Nerve Injury
[description not available]		02.2110
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.		02.2110
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer
[description not available]		02.1710
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.		02.1710
Acute Post-operative Pain
[description not available]		02.1710
Pain, Postoperative
Pain during the period after surgery.		02.1710
Hepatitis
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.		02.2110
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.2110
AIDS Seroconversion
[description not available]		02.2110
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		02.5420
Weight Gain
Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.		02.2110
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		02.8130
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		02.8130
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis
[description not available]		02.5820
Psoriasis
A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.		02.5820
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		02.2110
Cardiomyopathy, Chagas
[description not available]		02.2110
Chagas Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.		02.2110
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		02.2110
Kahler Disease
[description not available]		02.9940
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		02.9940
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		03.2960
Liver Steatosis
[description not available]		02.0810
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.		07.0810
Alcoholic Fatty Liver
[description not available]		02.0810
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		09.2760
Central Hypothyroidism
[description not available]		02.110
Hypothyroidism
A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.		07.110
Pyrexia
[description not available]		02.520
Fever
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.		02.520
Hypermelanosis
[description not available]		02.110
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.		02.110
Edema, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.4920
Pulmonary Edema
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.		02.4920
Hepatitis B Virus Infection
[description not available]		02.110
Hepatitis B
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.		02.110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		03.4570
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		03.4570
Schistosoma mansoni Infection
[description not available]		02.110
Schistosomiasis mansoni
Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.		02.110
Blood Poisoning
[description not available]		03.0140
Co-infection
[description not available]		02.5220
Sepsis
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.		03.0140
Endotoxemia
A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.		07.110
Chronic Lung Injury
[description not available]		02.1110
Acute Kidney Failure
[description not available]		02.1110
Acute Kidney Injury
Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.		02.1110
Encephalopathy, Hepatic
[description not available]		02.1110
Hepatic Encephalopathy
A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)		02.1110
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		02.1110
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		02.1110
Amnesia-Memory Loss
[description not available]		02.1310
Amnesia
Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)		02.1310
Fowl Paralysis
[description not available]		02.1110
Poultry Diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.		02.1110
Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia
[description not available]		02.1310
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma.		02.1310
Autokinetic Effect
[description not available]		03.0410
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.5420
Hemorrhoids
Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.		02.1310
Gastric Ulcer
[description not available]		07.1110
Stomach Ulcer
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		02.1110
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		03.0410
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		03.0410
Genome Instability
[description not available]		02.1510
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		02.1510
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.520
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		02.1510
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.520
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis
[description not available]		02.1510
Diabetic Nephropathies
KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.		02.1510
Chronic Kidney Diseases
[description not available]		02.1510
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)		02.1510
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		02.0410
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		02.0410
Parasitemia
The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0510
Cancer of Endometrium
[description not available]		02.4620
Endometrial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.		02.4620
Hepatoblastoma
A malignant neoplasm occurring in young children, primarily in the liver, composed of tissue resembling embryonal or fetal hepatic epithelium, or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. (Stedman, 25th ed)		07.0510
Weight Reduction
[description not available]		02.0510
Weight Loss
Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.		02.0510
Cancer of Head
[description not available]		02.7230
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)		02.7230
Chromosomal Breakage
[description not available]		02.0510
Rhabdomyosarcoma
A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)		07.0510
Cancer of the Thyroid
[description not available]		02.0510
Thyroid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.		02.0510
Chronic Hepatitis C
[description not available]		02.0610
Indigestion
[description not available]		02.0610
Lassitude
[description not available]		02.0610
Dyspepsia
Impaired digestion, especially after eating.		02.0610
Fatigue
The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.		02.0610
Hepatitis C, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.		02.0610
Acute Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		02.0610
Liver Failure, Acute
A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.		02.0610
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver
[description not available]		02.0710
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.		07.0710
Cancer of Nasopharynx
[description not available]		02.0710
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.		02.0710
Lung Adenocarcinoma
[description not available]		02.0710
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.		02.0710
Central Nervous System Neoplasm
[description not available]		02.0810
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.		02.0810
Depression
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.		02.0810
Allergic Encephalomyelitis
[description not available]		02.0810
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)
[description not available]		02.0810
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)		07.0810
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed
[description not available]		02.4120
Medulloblastoma
A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)		02.4120
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)		08.3870
Leukemia, Lymphocytic
[description not available]		02.0210
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic
[description not available]		02.0210
Leukemia, Lymphoid
Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.		02.0210
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute
An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.		02.0210
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
[description not available]		02.0210
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)		02.0210
African Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0310
B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0310
Burkitt Lymphoma
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.		02.0310
Lymphoma, B-Cell
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.		02.0310
External Ear Inflammation
[description not available]		02.0310
Otitis Externa
Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.		02.0310
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.		02.0310
Gout
Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.		02.0310
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		02.0310
Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		01.9910
Dermatitis, Contact
A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.		01.9910
Leukemia L 1210
[description not available]		01.9910
Neuroectodermal Tumors
Malignant neoplasms arising in the neuroectoderm, the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise to the central and peripheral nervous systems, including some glial cells.		0710
Cancer, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		0210
Mole, Skin
[description not available]		0210