| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "I-131 treatment of Basedow's disease is effective and safe." | ( Reiners, C, 1991) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease whose development involves immunogenetic and exogenous factors such as viruses, bacteria and iodine excess." | ( Benker, G; Bogner, U; Fischer, C; Holle, R; Peters, H; Reinwein, D; Schleusener, H, 1990) |
| "Clinically, Graves' disease is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology characterized by the clinical triad of infiltrative pretibial dermopathy, thyroid glandular hyperplasia, and ophthalmopathy." | ( Kawamoto, HK; Thaller, SR, 1990) |
| "Graves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, diffuse goitre, infiltrative ophthalmopathy and, rarely, pretibial myxedema." | ( Ginsberg, J; von Westarp, C, 1986) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by a course of remission and relapse." | ( Badenhoop, K; Bogner, U; Finke, R; Fischer, C; Hensen, J; Holl, G; Holle, R; Mayr, WR; Schleusener, H; Schwander, J, 1989) |
| "Graves' disease is a form of hyperthyroidism." | ( Herman, GE; Husain, M; Kanluen, S; Monforte, J; Spitz, WU, 1986) |
| "Graves' disease is first treated with cortisone: failures of treatment require radiation and operative decompression." | ( Brandt, T; Kühne, D; Leopold, HC; Möbius, E; Paulus, WM, 1985) |
| "Optic neuropathy in Graves' disease is an uncommon, but potentially treatable cause of disabling visual loss." | ( Dunne, JW; Edis, RH, 1985) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR)." | ( Klimpel, GR; Luo, G; Niesel, DW; Peterson, JW; Prabhakar, BS; Seetharamaiah, GS; Zhang, H, 1994) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder but the nature of the association between hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy is not yet understood." | ( Kendall-Taylor, P; Perros, P; Sherif, IH; Weightman, DR, 1993) |
| "Graves' disease is due to mismatching of the orbit and its contents." | ( Gola, R, 1995) |
| "Thyrotoxicosis in Graves' disease is often aggravated in early pregnancy and is closely associated with postpartum recurrence of stimulative thyrotoxicosis." | ( Amino, N; Asahi, K; Itoh, E; Kaneda, T; Mitsuda, N; Tamaki, H; Tanizawa, O, 1993) |
| "Graves' disease is frequently aggravated during antithyroid drug therapy; however, little is known of its aggravating factors." | ( Amino, N; Hidaka, Y; Itoh, E; Iwatani, Y; Matsunaga, M; Tamaki, H, 1993) |
| "Graves' disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease, and intrathyroidal lymphocytes seem to be the major source of thyroid autoantibodies." | ( Paschke, R; Swillens, S; Usadel, KH; Vogg, M, 1993) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a course of remission and relapse." | ( De Riva, C; Frigato, F; Virgili, F, 1995) |
| "Graves' disease is attributed to the presence of autoantibodies with agonist activity which interact with the TSH receptor causing thyroid hyperstimulation and hyperthyroidism." | ( Castel, MA; Hunt, N; Leidenberger, F; Willey, KP, 1996) |
| "Graves' disease is characterized by the overproduction of thyroid hormones due to the persistent stimulation of TSH receptor by autoantibodies." | ( Chae, CB; Cho, BY; Kim, IJ; Lee, MH; Park, JY; Ryu, SH; Seo, JK; Suh, PG, 1997) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antibodies against thyrotropin receptor (TRAb)." | ( Aizawa, T; Ito, Y; Kanamori, A; Miyahara, Y; Nakamura, Y; Onuma, S; Ootsuka, H; Sakai, H; Sato, A; Tejima, E; Terao, A; Yamada, T, 1998) |
| "Euthyroid Graves' disease is defined as Graves' ophthalmopathy without hyperthyroidism, and the thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) has been known to be a good marker for diagnosis." | ( Amino, N; Fujikado, T; Hidaka, Y; Kashiwai, T; Shimaoka, Y; Tada, H; Watanabe, Y; Yagoro, A, 1998) |
| "Graves' disease is increasing in incidence amongst urban black South Africans." | ( Joffe, BI; Kalk, WJ; Panz, VR; Zouvanis, M, 1998) |
| "Current therapy of Graves' disease is symptomatically effective in eliminating hyperthyroidism but is not directed towards the immunological cause of the disease." | ( Hörmann, R, 1999) |
| "Graves' disease is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), which are pathogenic and responsible for disease activity." | ( Banga, JP; Gupta, M; Hodak, K; McGregor, AM; Morgenthaler, NG; Pampel, I; Scherbaum, WA; Seissler, J; Steinbrenner, H, 1999) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease are more susceptible to calcium and vitamin D deficiency during the winter than during the summer, resulting in the tendency toward a higher incidence of postoperative tetany in winter." | ( Kawamoto, H; Murakami, T; Noguchi, S; Ohshima, A; Toda, M; Uchino, S; Watanabe, S; Yamashita, H, 2000) |
| "Graves' disease is most often managed with radioiodine in the United States today." | ( Thompson, GB, 2002) |
| "Graves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, diffuse goitre, ophthalmopathy and, rarely, dermopathy." | ( Ginsberg, J, 2003) |
| "The etiology of Graves' disease is multifactorial." | ( McLachlan, SM; Nagayama, Y; Niwa, M; Rapoport, B, 2003) |
| "Since theraphy of Graves' disease is not directed towards the cause of the disease, medical theraphy is still the first choice and symptomatically effective in treating hyperthyroidism." | ( Hörmann, R; Janssen, OE; Mann, K; Quadbeck, B, 2003) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease with thyroidal and extra-thyroidal manifestations such as endocrine orbitopathy, which is caused by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate." | ( Hädecke, J; Schneyer, U, 2005) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease predominantly seen in females." | ( Erkiliç, S; Koçer, NE, 2005) |
| "In younger patients Graves' disease is the main cause of hyperthyroidism." | ( Girlich, C; Woenckhaus, U, 2005) |
| "Although Basedow disease is known to be associated with hematological disorders such as AIHA or ITP, the combination of Basedow disease and Evans syndrome is rare." | ( Kida, M; Kuroda, H; Matsumoto, M; Matsunaga, T; Niitsu, Y; Watanabe, H, 2005) |
| "Hyperthyroid Graves' disease is a common autoimmune disorder mediated by agonistic antibodies to the TSH receptor, termed thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSAbs)." | ( Banga, JP; Gilbert, JA; Hess, DM; Kalled, SL; Khan, MZ; Li, Z; Moorhead, J; Rennert, P, 2006) |
| "Although Graves' disease is considered an autoantibody-mediated, T-helper 2 (Th2)-dominant disease, Th1-dominance may prevail in its initial phase." | ( Aso, Y; Inukai, Y; Momobayashi, A; Sugawara, N, 2007) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in children." | ( Likitmaskul, S; Pusuwan, P; Santiprabhob, J; Sawathiparnich, P; Somnuke, PH, 2007) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland." | ( Danielsen, ER; Dock, J; Elberling, TV; Feldt-Rasmussen, U; Hørding, M; Perrild, H; Rasmussen, AK; Thomsen, C; Waldemar, G, 2008) |
| "Graves' disease is a rare disorder and only about 0,1 - 0,4 pregnancies are affected." | ( Gärtner, R, 2009) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common aetiology in patients with SH." | ( Dévora, O; Díez, JJ; García, J; García-Arévalo, C; Iglesias, P; Tajada, P, 2010) |
| "Graves' disease is caused by stimulation of TSH receptor located on the thyroid gland by an antibody, which is known as TSH receptor antibody (TRAb)." | ( Adam, JM; Muallima, N; Sanusi, H; Umar, H, 2010) |
| "Graves' disease is a very unusual condition and is difficult to identify." | ( Abbes, M; Ben Abdellah, T; Ben Maïz, H; Boubaker, K; El Younsi, F; Harzallah, A; Kaaroud, H; Kheder, A; Khiari, K; Ounissi, M, 2010) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease are more likely to require increased dosages of calcium as well as experience tetany postoperatively than patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for other indications." | ( Dackiw, AP; Kowalski, J; Pesce, CE; Shiue, Z; Tsai, HL; Tufano, RP; Umbricht, CB; Zeiger, MA, 2010) |
| "Graves' disease is a B cell-mediated and T cell-dependent autoimmune disease of the thyroid which is characterized by overproduction of thyroid hormones and thyroid enlargement by agonistic anti-thyrotrophin receptor (TSHR) autoantibody." | ( Abiru, N; Eguchi, K; Ichikawa, T; Kobayashi, M; Nagayama, Y; Nakahara, M; Ueki, I, 2011) |
| "Graves' disease is a common organ-specific autoimmune disease." | ( Gao, S; Hou, P; Shi, B; Tian, Z; Wu, L; Xu, L; Xun, L; Yang, J; Zhang, Y, 2011) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States." | ( Grebe, SK; Kahaly, GJ; Lupo, MA; McDonald, N; Sipos, JA, 2011) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune syndrome with symptoms such as tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and psychiatric symptoms." | ( Bradshaw, B; Henry, J; Macedo, LR; Marino, J, 2013) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune condition commonly associated with thyroid dysfunction and with anti-thyroid antibodies, usually TSH receptor stimulating antibodies." | ( Fatourechi, V, 2012) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder with various clinical manifestations." | ( Amashukeli, M; Giorgadze, E; Jikurauli, N; Korinteli, M; Shanava, S; Tsagareli, M; Zerekidze, T, 2013) |
| "Treatment of Graves' disease is generally insufficient to resolve the cutaneous problems." | ( Cante, V; Couderc, E; Guillet, G; Renaud, O, 2013) |
| "Graves' disease is the cause of 50-80 % of hyperthyroidism." | ( Becker, S; Giel, KE; Kuprion, J; Lehr, J; Muthig, M; Teufel, M; Zipfel, S, 2013) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common reason of hyperthyroidism in children." | ( Cimbek, EA; Gedik, GK; Sarı, O; Şen, Y; Yuca, SA, 2014) |
| "Overt neonatal Graves' disease is rare, but may be severe, even life threatening, with deleterious effects on neural development." | ( Boyko, V; Lerner-Geva, L; Levy-Shraga, Y; Pinhas-Hamiel, O; Tamir-Hostovsky, L, 2014) |
| "Graves' disease is the cause of most cases of hyperthyroidism in childhood." | ( Cyniak-Magierska, A; Karbownik-Lewińska, M; Lewiński, A; Smyczńyska, J; Stasiak, M, 2014) |
| "Graves' disease is the most prevalent cause of hyperthyroidism in children." | ( de Laat, P; Draaisma, JM; Janson, JA, 2015) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, and orbitopathy is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease." | ( Kajdaniuk, D; Karpe, J; Kos-Kudła, B; Marek, B; Nowak, M; Siemińska, L, 2016) |
| "Graves' disease is caused by stimulating autoantibodies against the thyrotropin receptor inducing uncontrolled overproduction of thyroid hormones." | ( Braeth, S; Dietrich, JW; Frank, CU; Loos, U; Wanjura, D, 2015) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism and is often managed with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy." | ( Doi, SA; Sheehan, MT, 2016) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism." | ( Chen, S; Li, J; Ma, C; Wang, H; Xie, J, 2016) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland, which is characterized by hyperthyroidism, diffuse goiter and Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO)." | ( Ge, F; He, Q; Li, H; Wu, C; Xu, R; Yuan, Y; Zhang, Y, 2016) |
| "Graves' disease is characterized by the appearance of stimulating TSH receptor antibodies leading to hyperthyroidism." | ( Allelein, S; Feldkamp, J; Schott, M, 2017) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, and patients exhibit thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody." | ( Kamoi, K; Kaneko, K; Kaneko, M; Kitazawa, M; Minagawa, S; Miyakoshi, M; Ohara, N; Uemura, Y, 2017) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common form of autoimmune thyroid disorder, characterized by hyperthyroidism due to circulating autoantibodies." | ( Hu, X; Niu, M; Song, S; Wang, H; Wang, J; Xia, N; Xu, H; Ye, X, 2017) |
| "Pediatric Graves' disease is rare in young children, more frequent in children with other autoimmune diseases or with family history of autoimmune thyroid disease." | ( Barg, E; Jonak, O; Połubok, J, 2016) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease are known to have low selenium (Se) status, Se supplementation resulting in clinical and biochemical improvement." | ( Boutsiadis, A; Duntas, LH; Tsakris, A, 2017) |
| "Remission rates for Graves' disease are low (10/53 patients), time to remission variable and adherence with both ATD and thyroxine replacement often problematic." | ( Ahmed, SF; Al Towati, M; Donaldson, MDC; Hunter, I; Kourime, M; McGowan, S; Stewart, G; Williamson, S, 2018) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder caused by stimulation of the thyroid gland by thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb)." | ( Koutouridou, E; Lantz, M; Planck, T; Uddman, E, 2018) |
| "Graves' disease is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland, with some extra-thyroidal complications like eye and skin abnormalities in some patients." | ( Afroze, D; Laway, BA; Malik, SA; Misgar, RA; Shehjar, F, 2018) |
| "Graves' disease is an auto-immue endocrinological disorder." | ( Huang, H; Huang, J; Li, J; Luo, D; Tan, H; Tang, Y; Yu, R, 2018) |
| "Graves' disease, an autoimmune hyperthyroidism, is caused by the thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), which overstimulates thyroid stimulating hormone receptor." | ( Hara, S; Hayashi, K; Kato, M; Kumata, K; Kuwamoto, S; Matsushita, M; Nagata, K, 2018) |
| "Although rare, Graves' disease is the first cause of hyperthyroidism in children." | ( El Ansari, N; El Mghari, G; Elouarradi, N, 2018) |
| "Graves' Disease is a representative autoimmune thyroid disease that presents with hyperthyroidism." | ( Aoki, J; Araki, O; Igarashi, K; Kano, K; Kihara, S; Kurano, M; Murakami, M; Nakawatari, K; Nishikawa, M; Nojiri, T; Shimamoto, S; Yatomi, Y, 2019) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder, which is characterized by stimulatory antibodies targeting the human thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), resulting in hyperthyroidism and multiple organ damage." | ( Adler, K; Holthoff, HP; Kovacs, GL; Reimann, A; Uhland, K; Ungerer, M; Wenhart, C, 2020) |
| "Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism." | ( Bai, L; Li, J; Wei, F; Wei, J; Wei, M; Xiao, Y; Yan, W, 2020) |
| "Graves' disease is associated with thyrotropin (TSH) receptor stimulating antibody, for which there is no therapeutic agent." | ( Chung, JH, 2021) |
| "Familial non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism is a rare disease caused by germline activating variants in the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene." | ( Bezdicka, M; Borecka, M; El-Lababidi, E; Kleiblova, P; Malikova, J; Rataj, M; Smrz, D; Soucek, J; Soucek, O; Sumnik, Z, 2021) |
| "Although Graves' disease is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder, the coexistence of these two diseases is extremely rare and makes the diagnosis and treatment complicated, leading to the delayed diagnosis of resistance to thyroid hormone." | ( Akahori, H; Usuda, R, 2021) |
| "The diagnosis of Graves' disease is mainly based on ultrasonography and laboratory diagnostics." | ( Allelein, S; Schott, M, 2021) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland associated with the overproduction of thyroid hormones." | ( Aboueisha, M; Attia, AS; Buti, Y; Hussein, M; Issa, PP; Kandil, E; Munshi, R; Omar, M; Shama, M; Toraih, E, 2023) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland associated with the overproduction of thyroid hormones." | ( Aboueisha, M; Attia, AS; Buti, Y; Hussein, M; Issa, PP; Kandil, E; Munshi, R; Omar, M; Shama, M; Toraih, E, 2023) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland associated with the overproduction of thyroid hormones." | ( Aboueisha, M; Attia, AS; Buti, Y; Hussein, M; Issa, PP; Kandil, E; Munshi, R; Omar, M; Shama, M; Toraih, E, 2023) |
| "Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by auto-antibodies against the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)." | ( Bechrakis, NE; Daser, A; Eckstein, A; Görtz, GE; Gulbins, A; Hammer, GD; Horstmann, M; Keitsch, S; Soddemann, M; Wilker, B; Wilson, GC; Zeidan, R, 2023) |
| "Graves' disease is one of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism." | ( Bockisch, B; Groener, D; Grünwald, F; Happel, C; Leonhäuser, B; Sabet, A, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "In a series of 50 cases of Graves' disease qualifying for therapy with radioiodine, "ablative" doses of radioiodine resulted in hypothyroidism in 92% of cases at six months." | ( Ahmad, A; Burnet, RB; Harding, PE; Wise, PH, 1975) |
| "Ninety five patients with Graves' disease were studied before and at three months intervals after antithyroid drugs (ATD) (31 cases) or radioiodine (64 cases) therapy until recovery." | ( Baldet, L; Jaffiol, C; Lapinski, H; Mirouze, J; Papachristou, C; Robin, M, 1977) |
| "Among the 504 patients with Graves' disease in whom the author initiated antithyroid drug therapy between 1956 and 1968 are 14 to whom the administration of antithyroid drug has been continued for 8 to 21 years because of recurrence shortly after the discontinuation of drugs." | ( Shizume, K, 1978) |
| "The euthyroid patients with treated Graves' disease with a weak response to i." | ( Baur, U; Brikhäuser, MH; Gemsenjäger, E; Girard, J; Gräni, R; Staub, JJ, 1979) |
| "Eight patients with Graves' disease were presurgically treated with methimazole and stable iodide and six were given methimazole alone." | ( Furihata, R; Makiuchi, M; Miyakawa, M; Onaya, T, 1978) |
| "32 patients with Graves' Disease were investigated before treatment, during ATD therapy and after recovery with a normal T3 suppression test." | ( Aberlenc, M; Baldet, L; Castelnau, P; Jaffiol, C; Mirouze, J, 1978) |
| "Four patients with Graves' disease whose hyperthyroidism was in remission following antithyroid therapy were studied without any treatment during and after pregnancy." | ( Amino, N; Kuro, R; Miyai, K; Tanaka, F; Yamamoto, T, 1977) |
| "Seventy-seven patients with Graves' disease, with an average of 56 years of age were treated with carbimazole in the period 1968-1975." | ( Friis, T; Hansen, JM; Kirkegaard, C; Lumholtz, IB; Poulsen, DL; Rogowski, P; Siersbaek-Nielsen, K, 1977) |
| "In Tg from patients with treated Graves' disease, iodine, T(3), and T(4) were reduced, but the reduction in the latter was more substantial, resulting in a T(4)/T(3) molar ratio of 3." | ( Izumi, M; Larsen, PR, 1977) |
| "Eleven patients with Graves' disease were treated with guanadrel sulfate and observed for changes in neuromuscular and cardiovascular manifestations." | ( Kohler, PO; Patten, BM; Rubenfeld, S, 1978) |
| "Hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease may be treated very effectively by antithyroid pills, such as PTU and Tapazole, by radioactive iodine therapy, and by subtotal thyroidectomy." | ( Kaplan, EL; Klementschitsch, P; Shen, KL, 1979) |
| "2) In 30 cases with 131I treated Graves' disease, TSH concentration was 22." | ( Takeda, Y, 1975) |
| "4) In 57 cases of Graves' disease, who were under treatment and in eumetabolic states, a comparison was made between TSH reactivity and the results of T3 suppression test." | ( Enomoto, H; Enomoto, K; Inoue, K, 1975) |
| "Specific surgery of Graves' disease in the patient prepared by prior medication is a low-risk method of treatment." | ( Berchtold, R, 1976) |
| "Prolonged remissions in patients with Graves' disease treated with PTU, and possibly other anti-thyroid drugs, may thus be due to an immunosuppressive role of the drug rather than the natural evolution of the disease." | ( Greenwood, DM; Manwar, GL; Wall, JR; Walters, BA, 1976) |
| "We studied 27 patients with untreated Graves' disease, 10 with Graves' disease complicated by ophthalmopathy (all on antithyroid medication), 11 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, five with multinodular goitre, one with thyroid carcinoma, 23 with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 19 with other autoimmune diseases and 10 controls." | ( Colman, PG; Frauman, AG; Leedman, PJ; Michelangeli, VP, 1992) |
| "We studied 26 patients with Graves' disease, from a population with sufficient iodine supply, treated with high doses of methyl mercaptoimidazole (MMI) during eight moths." | ( Gauna, AT; Guillén, CE; Sartorio, GC; Soto, RJ, 1992) |
| "Patients with T3-predominant Graves' disease have an increased serum T3 level despite a normal or even lower level of serum T4 caused by antithyroid drug treatment." | ( Katayama, S; Kuma, K; Morita, S; Ohsawa, N; Sakane, S; Takamatsu, J; Takeda, K, 1992) |
| "Twenty patients with thyrotoxic Basedow's disease complicated by atrial fibrillation lasting more than one month despite treatment with antithyroidal drugs were treated with radioiodine supplemented with an antithyroidal drug or inorganic iodine." | ( Fukazawa, H; Itagaki, Y; Kaise, K; Kaise, N; Saito, S; Sakurada, T; Yamamoto, M; Yoshida, K; Yoshinaga, K, 1992) |
| "Ophthalmopathy caused by Graves' disease may first appear or worsen during or after treatment for hyperthyroidism." | ( Blomgren, H; Ljunggren, JG; Lundell, G; Tallstedt, L; Taube, A; Tørring, O; Wallin, G, 1992) |
| "The patients had Graves' disease, but no other immune-mediated diseases, had not yet received specific treatment for their ophthalmopathy and were euthyroid during the entire study period." | ( Koornneef, L; Mourits, MP; Prummel, MF; Van der Gaag, R; Wiersinga, WM, 1992) |
| "Seventy-eight patients with Graves' disease had been treated with MMI for 1-3 yr before pregnancy, and MMI was discontinued 5-6 months after the onset of pregnancy because the levels of antibodies to TSH receptors decreased during early pregnancy." | ( Hashizume, K; Ichikawa, K; Kobayashi, M; Miyamoto, T; Nishii, Y; Sakurai, A; Suzuki, S; Takeda, T, 1992) |
| "Nineteen patients with Graves' disease were regarded as euthyroid at the end of therapy." | ( Akiyama, H; Inukai, T; Kobayashi, I; Kobayashi, S; Kondo, Y; Shoda, Y; Yamaguchi, T, 1991) |
| "In 26 patients with untreated Graves' disease and 7 hyperthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the mean levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were both significantly higher than in normal controls (1497 +/- 649 (mean +/- SD), 641 +/- 137 vs 221 +/- 63 10(3) U/l, p less than 0." | ( Nakanishi, K; Ohta, Y; Taniguchi, Y, 1991) |
| "Both patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis had increased percentages of HLA-DR+ T (Ia+ CD3+) cells as well as HLA-DR+ helper-inducer T (Ia+ CD4+) cells, which seemed to be independent of treatments." | ( Itoh, M; Ohashi, H; Okugawa, T, 1991) |
| "Three patients with Graves' disease who spontaneously developed hypothyroidism after treatment with antithyroid drugs are described herein." | ( Adachi, T; Mashiba, H; Mitani, Y; Miyazaki, S; Shigemasa, C; Tanaka, T; Taniguchi, S; Ueta, Y; Urabe, K; Yoshida, A, 1990) |
| "In 80 patients with Basedow's disease (20 nontreated and 60 under treatment with methimazole) were examined." | ( Ivanova, R; Khubaveshki, S; Kirilov, G; Lozanov, B, 1990) |
| "Among 41 Graves' disease patients treated with antithyroid drugs and/or 131I, discordant serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels occurred in 26." | ( Akalin, S; Gedik, O; Ozdemir, T, 1991) |
| "One hundred and twelve new cases of Graves' disease were treated by tapazole for 6 months and followed up for another 12 months." | ( Cheng, Y; Li, J; Liang, Z; Pan, X; Wei, S; Xu, S, 1991) |
| "Eighty-five patients with Graves' disease in clinical remission after treatment for over 1 year by methimazole therapy (36 patients, group A) or subtotal thyroidectomy (49 patients, group B) who became undetectable for serum thyrotropin levels (TSH less than 0." | ( Kuma, K; Matsubayashi, S; Morita, T; Mukuta, T; Nagai, K; Nakagawa, T; Tamai, H, 1991) |
| "A 29-year-old female patient with Graves' disease who developed thyroid hormone autoantibodies (THAA) under treatment with methimazole is presented." | ( Abs, R; Blockx, P; Martin, M, 1991) |
| "When patients with previously treated Graves' disease (n = 4 in each group) were eliminated, the differences in bone density at the hip were no longer seen." | ( Block, JE; Friedlander, AL; Genant, HK; Greenspan, FS; Greenspan, SL; Resnick, NM, 1991) |
| "In patients with untreated Graves' disease, CPAH, CCr and Curea were significantly greater than in the controls (847 +/- 367 vs 442 +/- 124 ml/min, p less than 0." | ( Shirota, T, 1991) |
| "I-131 treatment of Basedow's disease is effective and safe." | ( Reiners, C, 1991) |
| "The association of HLA-DR3 with Graves' disease in Caucasoids is well established but its significance is unclear and its clinical value as a predictive parameter for relapse after a course of antithyroid drug therapy is controversial." | ( Bidwell, EA; Darke, C; Gunn, CA; Hall, R; McGregor, AM; Ratanachaiyavong, S, 1990) |
| "Four of the six had Graves' disease previously treated with antithyroidal drugs, one had Graves' disease treated with 131I and one had subacute thyroiditis and subsequently became hypothyroid." | ( Hara, T; Hidaka, A; Kasagi, K; Konishi, J; Kuma, K; Kumagai, LF; Morita, T; Nagataki, S; Tamai, H, 1990) |
| "Thirty-six patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease were treated with low doses of antithyroid drugs until thyroid function test results indicated euthyroidism or mild hypothyroidism (median treatment period three months, range 1." | ( Delahunt, JW; Feek, CM; Ford, HC, 1991) |
| "Two patients with Graves' disease treated with methimazole (MMI) showed a discrepancy between serum free T4 (FT4) values and other hormone values (especially total T4) which was due to the presence of potent binding activity to labelled T4 analogue (125I-aT4) in their serum." | ( Fukasawa, N; Hara, Y; Hase, K; Iitaka, M; Ishii, J; Miura, S; Sakatume, Y; Yanagisawa, M, 1991) |
| "to compare treatment of Graves' disease in New Zealand with treatment in Europe and the United States of America (USA)." | ( Delahunt, JW; Feek, CM; Ford, HC, 1991) |
| "We have experienced two cases of Graves' disease with antithyroid hormone autoantibodies (Case 1: anti-T4; Case 2: anti-T3) who finally underwent subtotal thyroidectomy after antithyroid drug treatment." | ( Kohno, Y; Komaki, T; Matsuda, M; Nagai, K; Ogawa, T; Saito, K; Sakata, S; Takuno, H; Tarutani, O; Tokimitsu, N, 1990) |
| "Eighty-three patients with Graves' disease had been treated with methylmercaptoimidazole (MMI)." | ( Inukai, T; Iwashita, A; Kobayashi, I; Kobayashi, S; Ohshima, K; Shimomura, Y; Yamaguchi, T; Yamaguchi, Y, 1990) |
| "One hundred and twelve new cases with Graves' disease were treated by tapazole for 6 months and followed-up for another 12 months in a prospective study." | ( Cheng, Y; Li, J; Liang, Z; Wang, Q; Wei, S; Xian, L, 1990) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease, thyrostatic drug treatment may induce definitive remission without the need of more aggressive measures such as surgery or radioiodine." | ( Agren, H; Dahlberg, A; Jansson, R; Karlsson, FA; Winsa, B, 1990) |
| "In 74 patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease, TRH tests were undertaken every third month during the course of a standardized antithyroid drug and T4 treatment program." | ( Dahlberg, PA; Jansson, R; Karlsson, FA; Wide, L, 1985) |
| "Cells from normal subjects, untreated Graves' disease patients, or patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis did not produce PCA with propylthiouracil stimulation." | ( Gerstein, HC; Iitaka, M; Iwatani, Y; Row, VV; Volpé, R, 1987) |
| "Thirty-four patients with Graves' disease, first rendered euthyroid with antithyroid drugs (ATD) then given supplementary thyroxine (T4), were randomly allocated to three treatment groups." | ( Hennebry, TM; Jarvis, KJ; Kaur, S; Lester, E; Parr, JH; Ramsay, ID, 1988) |
| "In patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease, TSAb was detectable in 18 of 20 patients, the detectability being 90%, and activity showed a statistically significant positive correlation with TSAb activity determined by c-AMP accumulation." | ( Horimoto, M; Inada, M; Nishikawa, M; Taniguchi, N; Uno, C; Yoshikawa, N, 1989) |
| "A patient with Graves' disease was treated with radioactive iodine." | ( Bregant, R; Burman, KD; Burns, TW; Premachandra, BN; Williams, IK, 1989) |
| "A 47-year-old man with Graves' disease suffered from a feeling of hunger and sweating in the night, polyarthralgia and fever one month after the start of treatment with methimazole." | ( Fujieda, K; Fujita, T; Inoue, S; Kawai, K; Koide, Y; Kuzuya, N; Murayama, Y; Yamashita, K; Yoshikawa, H, 1989) |
| "Treatment-induced improvement of Graves' disease was associated with an increase in LFA-1-positive cell number." | ( Amiel, C; Bene, MC; Faure, G; Guerin, V; Hartemann, P; Leclere, J, 1989) |
| "A patient in whom recurrence of Graves' disease after treatment with carbimazole was diagnosed after a disease-free interval of 31 years." | ( Lewis, NP, 1989) |
| "In a patient with active Graves' disease an infiltrative ophthalmopathy developed during antithyroid drug therapy." | ( Akamizu, T; Imura, H; Ishii, H; Mori, T; Nakamura, H; Tanaka, K; Yokota, T, 1985) |
| "Sera were obtained from patients with Graves' disease before, during, and after therapy with carbimazole (1-methyl-2-thio-3-carbethoxyimidazole)." | ( Edan, G; Hody, B; Massart, C; Mouchel, L; Nicol, M, 1986) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease, initiation of thyrostatic therapy with methimazole causes a selective reduction of thyroid but not other autoantibody levels." | ( Karlsson, FA; Tötterman, TH, 1988) |
| "Thyrostatic drug treatment of Graves' disease suppresses excessive thyroid hormone synthesis and causes a parallel decrease in serum thyroid autoantibody levels." | ( Bengtsson, M; Karlsson, FA; Mendel-Hartvig, I; Tötterman, TH, 1987) |
| "We present a case of Graves' disease which developed during lithium therapy." | ( Baylis, PH; Thompson, CJ, 1986) |
| "Some patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease have increased serum T3 and normal or even low serum T4 levels during treatment with antithyroid drugs." | ( Hosoya, T; Kohno, Y; Kuma, K; Mozai, T; Naito, N; Sakane, S; Takamatsu, J; Takeda, K; Tarutani, O; Yoshimura, H, 1988) |
| "38 patients with Graves' disease were treated at random with the glucocorticosteroid betamethasone or with placebo." | ( Gamstedt, A; Kågedal, B; Tegler, L, 1988) |
| "In contrast to that the transplants of Graves' disease tissue and mouse thyroids responded to high iodine treatment with a significant decrease in 131I retention." | ( Maul, FD; Pickardt, CR; Schumm-Draeger, PM; Senekowitsch, R; Usadel, KH; Wenisch, HJ, 1987) |
| "A 31-year-old man with Graves' disease developed insulin autoantibodies after therapy with methimazole." | ( Demura, H; Kinoshita, A; Masuda, A; Odagiri, R; Ohashi, H; Omori, M; Sato, Y; Shibata, K; Shizume, K; Tsushima, T, 1986) |
| "Hence patients with Graves' disease having a small thyroid gland should be treated medically while surgery or radioiodine may be a more reasonable choice in Graves' patients with medium size or large goitres." | ( Buchholtz Hansen, PE; Eskjaer Jensen, S; Iversen, E; Laurberg, P; Weeke, J, 1986) |
| "Of 47 patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease, 37 patients had a serum T3 to T4 ratio greater than 20 ng/micrograms before therapy (normal range, 12-20; mean, 16." | ( Kuma, K; Mozai, T; Takamatsu, J, 1986) |
| "Two patients with coexistent Graves' disease and primary hyperparathyroidism were studied during medical treatment of their hyperthyroidism." | ( Arem, R; Lim-Abrahan, MA; Mallette, LE, 1986) |
| "When patients with Graves' disease were treated with 131I, proteinuria measured by 24 h collections developed in 9 of 14 patients without pre-existing proteinuria and appeared to diminish in 4 patients in whom proteinuria had been present before treatment." | ( Amos, N; Hall, R; Lazarus, JH; McGregor, AM; Tomlinson, K; Weetman, AP, 1985) |
| "Other features of Graves' disease, ie, hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy were severe and required multiple modes of therapy." | ( Ellyin, F; Singh, SK; Singh, SP; Yoon, B, 1985) |
| "Medical treatments for Graves' disease and for hypothyroidism are simulated with a view to enhancing clinical significance." | ( Hatakeyama, T; Yagi, H, 1985) |
| "Relapse of Graves' disease months after inadequate treatment with 131I is well-recognized." | ( Hegele, RA; Volpé, R, 1985) |
| "A successful bromocriptine treatment in Graves' disease orbitopathy was described." | ( Kołodziej-Maciejewska, H; Reterski, Z, 1985) |
| "Optic neuropathy in Graves' disease is an uncommon, but potentially treatable cause of disabling visual loss." | ( Dunne, JW; Edis, RH, 1985) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease were divided into the following two groups: (1) untreated, and (2) euthyroid during antithyroid drug (methylmercaptoimidazole) therapy." | ( Matsui, J, 1984) |
| "In ten patients with Graves' disease before, during and after treatment and three patients in remission, we have compared the TSH-binding inhibition caused by serum, 1." | ( de Bruin, TW; Querido, A; Van der Heide, D, 1982) |
| "In this study of untreated toxic Graves' disease we have taken two assays (LATS protector and thyrotrophin binding inhibiting immunoglobulin, TBII) which depend upon the measurement of binding to thyroid cell membranes, and correlated them with a bioassay which measures as the index of activity the biologically relevant end point of T3 secretion from thyroid tissue." | ( Atkinson, S; Hardisty, CA; Humphries, H; Kendall-Taylor, P; Munro, DS, 1983) |
| "In 50 consecutive patients with Graves' disease treated with PTU, 7 (group 1) developed increasing goitre in spite of unmeasurable TSH." | ( Andersen, E; Bech, K; Bliddal, H; Hansen, JM; Hansen, P; Hegedüs, L; Jensen, K; Kampmann, JP; Karstrup, S, 1984) |
| "In 272 patients with Graves' disease, 209 of 240 (87%) untreated patients without complications had high T3 to T4 ratios (nanograms per micrograms) of more than 20." | ( Amino, N; Iwatani, Y; Kumahara, Y; Miki, T; Miyai, K; Mori, H; Morimoto, S; Nakatani, K; Nishi, K; Yabu, Y, 1981) |
| "In untreated patients with Graves' disease, the percentage of T gamma lymphocytes (mean +/- SD, 8." | ( Amino, N; Asari, S; Iwatani, Y; Izumiguchi, Y; Kumahara, Y; Miyai, K; Mori, H, 1982) |
| "In 29 patients with thyrotoxic Graves' disease treated with conventional long term antithyroid drug therapy, serum thyroglobulin (Tg) was serially determined by RIA and compared with clinical course, goiter shrinkage, and 131I uptake suppression." | ( Kawamura, S; Kishino, B; Mashita, K; Tajima, K; Tarui, S, 1983) |
| "It is concluded that patients with Graves' disease may be prone to develop this complication of antithyroid drug therapy because of underlying immunological abnormalities." | ( Braverman, LE; Fang, SL; Ingbar, SH; Kuroki, T; Wall, JR, 1984) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease were studied for two years during and after a twelve-month course of treatment." | ( Copping, S; Crawley, JC; Gossage, AA; Himsworth, RL; Hinge, D, 1982) |
| "Twenty-one patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease were treated with carbimazole 30 mg daily, given as a single dose." | ( Beardwell, CG; Davies, D; Longson, D; MacFarlane, IA; Shalet, SM, 1983) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease who were hyperthyroid or euthyroid on propylthiouracil treatment and euthyroid after radioactive iodide treatment, the percentage of cells which react with anti-T8 was also decreased, but this did not reach statistical significance." | ( DeGroot, LJ; Pacini, F; Sridama, V, 1982) |
| "Triiodothyronine (T3)-predominant Graves' disease is characterized by persistently high serum T3 level, normal serum thyroxine (T4) level, and high (greater than 20) serum T3/T4 ratio (nanograms/micrograms) during thionamide drug therapy." | ( Hershman, JM; Kobayashi, A; Kuma, K; Matsuzuka, F; Mozai, T; Sugawara, M; Takamatsu, J, 1984) |
| "The first case study illustrates that Graves' disease complicating pregnancy can be treated by bed rest and careful observation of mother and fetus." | ( Kock, HC; Merkus, JM, 1983) |
| "Twenty-seven patients with untreated Graves' disease were studied in order to determine alterations of concentration/attention and their possible association with levels of T4, T3RU, free thyroxin index (FTI), and anxiety." | ( Alavez, E; Alvarez, MA; Gómez, A; Navarro, D, 1983) |
| "Twenty-eight patients with Graves' disease were treated with short-term antithyroid drug therapy." | ( Bing, RF; Rosenthal, FD, 1982) |
| "Twenty-five patients with Graves' disease were untreated before pregnancy (Group A) and twenty treated with carbimazole throughout pregnancy (Group B)." | ( Escobar-Jiménez, F; Fernández-Soto, ML; Glinoer, D; González-Jiménez, A; Navarrete, L, 1993) |
| "Because of Graves' disease she had been treated with methimazole for 18 months." | ( Adorf, D; Grajer, KH; Kaboth, W; Nerl, C, 1994) |
| "We examined 13 patients with euthyroid Graves' disease suspected ophthalmologically, by comparing them with 20 patients with untreated Graves' disease and by following them up for 5 to 10 years." | ( Amino, N; Asahi, K; Hidaka, Y; Iwatani, Y; Kashiwai, T; Tada, H; Tamaki, H, 1995) |
| "was given to untreated patients with Graves' disease (n = 16) for 2 weeks." | ( Fukasawa, N; Iitaka, M; Ishii, J; Kawakami, Y; Kitahama, S; Miura, S; Sakurai, S, 1993) |
| "When hyperthyroidism is caused by Graves' disease, begin symptomatic therapy with a beta blocker or antithyroid drugs, followed by definitive thyroid ablation with radioiodine." | ( Gharib, H; Hurley, DL, 1995) |
| "A total of 330 Graves' disease patients were treated with methimazole for 1 year." | ( Hayaki, I; Kawai, K; Komaki, G; Kuma, K; Kumagai, LF; Matsubayashi, S; Nagataki, S; Tamai, H, 1995) |
| "Median IL-6 levels were high in both Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter patients before propylthiouracil treatment (23 and 26." | ( Akalin, S; Celik, I; Erbaş, T, 1995) |
| "This survey on fertile age women with Graves' disease shows a significant increase in serum concentration of TRAP, which decreases, but doesn't get normalization, when euthyroidism is attained by a six month course of methimazole therapy." | ( Breda, F; Conte, N; Da Rin, G; De Menis, E; Legovini, P; Roiter, I, 1994) |
| "We conclude that in untreated Graves' disease there is a decrease in NK cell activity in PBMC, probably dependent on the autoimmune process." | ( Albarrán, F; Alvarez-Mon, M; Durántez, A; Lucas, T; Marazuela, M; Vargas, JA, 1995) |
| "The %BMD of vertebrae in patients with Graves' disease before treatment was 89." | ( Gan, N; Inoue, M; Koizumi, K; Onaya, T; Tawata, M; Wakao, R; Wakasugi, M, 1994) |
| "A large number of patients with Graves' disease (GD)--untreated and treated--Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), primary myxedema (PM) and non-immune goiter (NIG) were investigated." | ( Dénéréaz, N; Lemarchand-Béraud, T; Portmann, L; Zhu, Y, 1994) |
| "Seventy-five patients with Graves' disease have been treated by transantral orbital decompression." | ( Knegt, P; Krenning, E; Poublon, R; Sang, M; Tjon, F; van der Schans, E; Wijngaarde, R, 1994) |
| "The sCD4 level in the Graves' disease group was not different from control values and did not change significantly with treatment." | ( Balázs, C; Bokk, A; Farid, NR, 1994) |
| "The effect of radioiodine therapy in Graves' disease is gradual in onset and the subjects continue to be hyperthyroid for several weeks after such therapy." | ( Bagchi, N; Bazzi, MN, 1993) |
| "She had been diagnosed as having Basedow's disease and treated with thiamazole for over 4 years." | ( Arase, K; Asayama, R; Dohmen, K; Ishibashi, H; Itateyama, E; Nakamura, H; Nishizaka, H; Shibuya, T; Yokogawa, Y, 1994) |
| "The serum sIL2R in 17 patients with Graves' disease was determined after treatment with antithyroid drugs (propylthiouracil) for a short period (1." | ( Ren, YZ; Song, ZG, 1993) |
| "Thirty patients with Graves' disease without previous treatment for hyperthyroidism were included." | ( Cavaliere, H; Knobel, M; Lima, N; Medeiros-Neto, G; Perozim, LM, 1993) |
| "We studied 83 patients with Graves' disease who were euthyroid for at least 6 months under antithyroid maintenance therapy, and we examined the relationship between thyrotoxicosis relapse, attack of allergic rhinitis, and peripheral eosinophil increase." | ( Amino, N; Hidaka, Y; Itoh, E; Iwatani, Y; Matsunaga, M; Tamaki, H, 1993) |
| "Serum from patients with untreated Graves' disease had a significantly higher concentration of Cu, Zn-SOD and higher SOD-like activity than those from normal subjects, patients with Graves' disease under treatment over one year, patients with Graves' disease in remission, and patients with untreated Hashimoto's disease." | ( Ban, Y; Hara, H; Sato, R, 1993) |
| "A 24-year-old woman with Graves' disease treated with methimazole for 4 years, developed recalcitrant ulcers on the lower legs." | ( Hoshino, M; Iwata, M; Kawachi, Y; Nukaga, H; Otsuka, F, 1995) |
| "We demonstrated that in untreated Graves' disease, an alteration in the phospholipid pattern is present at cellular levels, with a concomitant derangement in membrane permeability defined as (22)Na influx and (45)Ca uptake." | ( De Riva, C; Frigato, F; Virgili, F, 1996) |
| "Ninety-four patients with Graves' disease who were suitable for treatment with antithyroid drugs." | ( Kallner, G; Ljunggren, JG; Vitols, S, 1996) |
| "Nine untreated patients with Graves' disease were compared to 9 age and weight matched healthy controls." | ( Bech, K; Beck-Nielsen, H; Damsbo, P; Eldrup, E; Hartling, SG; Madsbad, S; Røder, ME; Vølund, A, 1996) |
| "Untreated Graves' disease was associated with glucose intolerance due to quantitative as well as qualitative beta-cell defects." | ( Bech, K; Beck-Nielsen, H; Damsbo, P; Eldrup, E; Hartling, SG; Madsbad, S; Røder, ME; Vølund, A, 1996) |
| "Some patients with Graves' disease respond well to anti-thyroid drug treatment but others do not." | ( Andoh, S; Gemma, R; Mori, T; Nakamura, H; Suzuki, Y; Yoshimi, T, 1996) |
| "Thirty-two Graves' disease patients were randomly assigned to three methimazole (MMI) regimens of treatment: (1) low-dose, starting with 45 mg/day, and lowering the dose thereafter to maintain normal serum thyroid hormones; (2) MMI 60 mg/day + levothyroxine, and (3) MMI 30 mg/day + levothyroxine." | ( Escobar-Morreale, HF; García-Robles, R; González-Porqué, P; Sancho, JM; Serrano-Gotarredona, J; Varela, C; Villar, LM, 1996) |
| "Medical treatment of Graves' disease involves use of antithyroid drugs with or without the addition of exogenous L-T4." | ( Abbott, EC; Douglas, R; Givner, ML; Gupta, MK; Lehmann, L; Reddy, S; Rittmaster, RS; Salisbury, SR; Shlossberg, AH; Tan, MH; York, SE; Zwicker, H, 1996) |
| "The serum P1CP levels of the untreated Graves' disease were significantly higher than in the controls (176." | ( Demura, H; Miyakawa, M; Tsushima, T, 1996) |
| "With the diagnosis of neonatal Graves' disease established, both twins were treated with propranolol (2 mg/kg." | ( Grüters, A; Hüfner, M; Lakomek, M; Roth, C; Siggelkow, H, 1997) |
| "Thirty-two cases of newly diagnosed Graves' disease with hyperthyroidism were recruited in this study on the changes of leucocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GCR), plasma ACTH, and cortisol levels befor and after treatment with methimazole (tapazole) alone (n = 16) and methimazole combined with Dexamethasone (Dex, TD group, n = 16)." | ( Gao, Y; Li, X; Zhang, C, 1996) |
| "Propylthiouracil (PTU), used to treat Graves' disease, occasionally induces a lupus-like syndrome." | ( Bastacky, S; Johnson, JP; Prasad, GV, 1997) |
| "Total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease is an effective and safe therapy." | ( Lippes, HA; Lore, JM; Rassael, H; Razack, MS; Schaefer, DP, 1997) |
| "Eight patients with untreated Graves' disease (5 men, 3 women; age 36 +/- 12 years) and six patients with the disease in remission (1 man, 5 women; age 38 +/- 12) were studied." | ( Furuse, M; Hyodoh, K; Kamiyama, T; Nagasaka, S; Sakai, O; Sugimoto, H, 1997) |
| "A retrospective review of Graves' disease patients treated from 1980 to 1994." | ( Bauman, J; Hancock, LD; LeMar, H; Patience, T; Tuttle, RM, 1997) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease were sequentially studied at diagnosis/before treatment (day 0) and 7, 14, 30, 90 and 180 days after methimazole therapy." | ( Ciudad, J; Corrales, JJ; López, A; Miralles, JM; Mories, MT; Orfao, A, 1997) |
| "In an early stage of the treatment for Graves' disease, he became hypothyroid with decreased TSAb activity and strongly positive thyroid stimulation blocking antibody (TSBAb), and rapid growth of the thyroid carcinoma with anaplastic transformation was observed." | ( Asano, T; Fujikawa, M; Fujishima, M; Hirata, T; Kuroda, T; Mizokami, T; Ohta, M; Okamura, K; Sato, K; Yamasaki, K, 1998) |
| "Medical treatment of Graves' disease involves antithyroid drugs with or without the addition of exogenous T4." | ( Abbott, EC; Douglas, R; Givner, ML; Lehmann, L; Reddy, S; Rittmaster, RS; Salisbury, SR; Shlossberg, AH; Tan, MH; York, SE, 1998) |
| "Sixty-three patients with Graves' disease were studied before, during and after treatment with methimazole (MMI)." | ( Fukasawa, N; Iitaka, M; Ishii, J; Ito, K; Katayama, S; Kawakami, Y; Kawasaki, S; Kitahama, S; Miura, S; Noh, JY; Yamanaka, K, 1998) |
| "In untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease patients, serum levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine decreased rapidly by methimazole treatment, and TBI decreased progressively, but variably." | ( Aizawa, T; Ito, Y; Kanamori, A; Miyahara, Y; Nakamura, Y; Onuma, S; Ootsuka, H; Sakai, H; Sato, A; Tejima, E; Terao, A; Yamada, T, 1998) |
| "Thus, North Indian Graves' disease patients, who resemble Caucasians in their HLA haplotypes, behave like Japanese in their tendency to become IAA positive with carbimazole therapy." | ( Goswami, R; Jaleel, A; Jayasuryan, N; Kochupillai, N; Tandon, N, 1998) |
| "In untreated hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease, the CV(R-R) and HF values were significantly lower than in healthy controls." | ( Aso, Y; Fujiwara, Y; Inukai, T; Kobayashi, H; Takanashi, K; Takemura, Y; Tayama, K, 1998) |
| "We evaluated patients with Graves' disease before therapy with radioiodine in comparison to patients with normal thyroids." | ( Boerner, AR; Schicha, H; Theissen, P; Voth, E; Wagner, R; Wienhard, K, 1998) |
| "The dose of methimazole in Graves' disease therapy can safely be kept to the minimal required dose." | ( Alexander, WD; Benker, G; Fassbinder, J; Hirche, H; Kahaly, G; Reinwein, D; Tegler, L, 1998) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease treated with PTU should be observed carefully by urinalysis and monitoring of the serum creatinine level." | ( Isome, M; Kawasaki, Y; Kume, K; Nozawa, R; Sike, T; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, J; Suzuki, S, 1998) |
| "All had Graves' disease and were being treated with thiamazole 30 mg once a day." | ( Nortier, JW; Shamelian, SO, 1999) |
| "Current therapy of Graves' disease is symptomatically effective in eliminating hyperthyroidism but is not directed towards the immunological cause of the disease." | ( Hörmann, R, 1999) |
| "He was diagnosed as having Graves' disease (GD) and treated with methimazole (MMI) for 3 months." | ( Hosoi, M; Inaba, M; Ishimura, E; Kumeda, Y; Morii, H; Nishizawa, Y; Okabe, R, 1999) |
| "Of note she had a history of Graves' disease for which she had been treated with propylthiouracil for 3 years and on investigation at this presentation had a markedly elevated perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (P-ANCA) level with specificities for IgM myeloperoxidase, IgG elastase and IgG lactoferrin." | ( Chick, J; Darben, T; Paspaliaris, B; Prentice, R; Savige, J, 1999) |
| "Fifty-one patients with Graves' disease were randomly assigned to receive 131I alone (28 patients) or 131I plus pretreatment with methimazole (30 mg/day; 23 patients)." | ( Andrade, VA; Gross, JL; Maia, AL, 1999) |
| "Patients with hypothyroid Graves' disease induced by the excess administration of MMI showed significantly lower IGFBP-3 levels as compared to those in healthy controls (P<0." | ( Fujiwara, Y; Inukai, T; Takanashi, K; Takebayashi, K; Takemura, Y; Tayama, K, 1999) |
| "Sera were obtained from patients with Graves' disease, before, during and after therapy with carbimazole (1-methyl-2-thio-3-carbethoxyimidazole)." | ( Fergelot, P; Gibassier, J; Massart, C; Maugendre, D; Vérité, F, 2000) |
| "She was treated for Graves' disease for a few weeks when she was referred for skin rash, increased liver enzymes and hypereosinophilia." | ( Andrès, E; Goichot, B; Schlienger, JL; Vinzio, S, 2000) |
| "In children with Graves' disease, the prevalence of osteopenia is unknown, and the possible restoration of bone mass by antithyroid treatment has not been evaluated." | ( Czernichow, P; Léger, J; Lucidarme, N; Ruiz, JC, 2000) |
| "In hyperthyroid Graves' disease, short-term methimazole is sufficient to induce lasting remission in some patients, but even long-term treatment fails to do so in others." | ( Eto, S; Ito, Y; Komiya, I; Nishimori, T; Sato, A; Tanaka, Y; Terao, A; Yamada, T, 2000) |
| "Seven patients with Graves' disease, eight with toxic nodular goiter and seven with non-toxic nodular goiter, were followed after 131I-treatment." | ( Faber, J; Jarløv, AE; Kristensen, LO; Nygaard, B, 2000) |
| "The serum IL-18 levels in Graves' disease were significantly increased in the hyperthyroid state and were decreased during treatment with methimazole or propylthiouracil." | ( Matsuura, B; Miyauchi, S; Onji, M, 2000) |
| "However, of patients with Graves' disease (GD) maintained on antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment, some exhibit persistent suppression of TSH long after normalization of their serum free T3 (FT3) and free T4 (FT4) levels." | ( Inaba, M; Ishikawa, T; Kumeda, Y; Kurioka, Y; Morii, H; Nishizawa, Y; Tahara, H, 2000) |
| "In Japan, 131I treatment for Graves' disease is performed only in selected patients in whom antithyroid drugs cannot be used because of side effects or not effective, considering the high prevalence of permanent hypothyroidism." | ( Iwata, M; Kasagi, K; Konishi, J; Misaki, T; Sakahara, H, 2000) |
| "Retrospective study on serum samples of Graves' disease patients treated by antithyroid drugs for 18 months." | ( Massart, C; Maugendre, D, 2001) |
| "The literature on development of Graves' disease following Na(131) therapy is reviewed and possible pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed." | ( de Heide, LJ; Edelbroek, MA; Talsma, MA; van Leussen, JJ, 2000) |
| "A case of Basedow's disease, that developed after successful treatment of ulcerative colitis with a total colectomy, is presented, along with a review of the Japanese literature on the coexistence of hyperthyroidism and ulcerative colitis." | ( Hada, T; Iijima, H; Moriwaki, Y; Nishimura, M; Takahashi, S; Yamamoto, T, 2001) |
| "295 patients of Graves' disease were studied for early development of transient hypothyroidism (TH) and its prognostic value following I131 therapy." | ( Gera, A; Khanna, CM; Magdum, M; Sankar, R, 1998) |
| "Forty six patients with Graves' disease treated conventionally with Lugol's solution before the operation were examined with power-Doppler scanner." | ( Cichoń, S; Rogula, T, 2000) |
| "One hundred seven patients with Graves' disease were treated with methimazole (MMI)." | ( Komiya, I; Kouki, T; Nishimori, T; Sato, A; Takasu, N; Yamada, T, 2001) |
| "A total of 23 Graves' disease patients with euthyroidism taking antithyroid drug therapy were enlisted to undergo spectral duplex sonography of the thyroid arteries and color-flow mapping of the thyroid gland." | ( Feldkamp, J; Fürst, G; Godehardt, E; Grust, A; Mödder, U; Saleh, A, 2001) |
| "Thirteen patients of Graves' disease were treated by anti-thyroid drugs and Chinese herbs were added in the therapeutic period for 2-10 weeks." | ( Gao, L; Liu, X; Zhao, J, 1999) |
| "Both treatment of Graves' disease with methimazole plus L-T4 and treatment with prolonged use of methimazole cannot reduce the recurrence rate more effectively than treatment with only methimazole." | ( Jie, Y; Situ, Y; Wu, G, 2001) |
| "Some patients with Graves' disease who select surgical therapy so they can discontinue antithyroid medication require lifelong levo-thyroxin (l-T4) replacement therapy because of irreversible postoperative hypothyroidism." | ( Akasu, H; Kitagawa, W; Kitamura, Y; Kumasaki, T; Kumita, S; Nagahama, M; Oshina, T; Shimizu, K; Tanaka, S, 2002) |
| "In patients with untreated Graves' disease, 8-OHdG and cytochrome c levels in culture supernatant of mononuclear cells were significantly higher than those of healthy control subjects, while the cytochrome c levels were significantly higher in patients with untreated Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis than those of control subjects." | ( Ban, Y; Hara, H; Sato, R, 2001) |
| "Recently, we examined a patient with Graves' disease who developed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) after propylthiouracil treatment and exhibited neutropenia." | ( Akamizu, T; Hataya, Y; Hattori, Y; Hiratani, H; Kanamoto, N; Moriyama, K; Nakao, K; Ohmori, K; Ozaki, S; Saijo, M; Sobajima, J; Uesugi, H, 2002) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease, the anti-thyroid treatment resulted in significant reductions of plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels." | ( Hoffstedt, J; Wahrenberg, H; Wennlund, A, 2002) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease (n = 61) treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) or thiamazole (MMI) were studied retrospectively to investigate differences in the prevalence of anti-myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA) in relation to treatment with anti-thyroid drugs." | ( Ito, T; Kohno, M; Mukai, M; Notoya, A; Wada, N; Yoshioka, N, 2002) |
| "On follow-up 1 year after treatment for Graves' disease, we repeated the measurement of the levels of sHLA-1 in 21 patients." | ( McDonald, J; Yaturu, S, 2002) |
| "We report a case of Graves' disease treated with benzylthiouracil (Basdène)." | ( Andreu, M; Beaufils, H; Diermert, MC; Huong, DL; Mercadal, L; Piette, JC; Tieulie, N; Wechsler, B, 2002) |
| "Relapse rates of Graves' disease were independent of ATD regimen whether followed by l-T(4) therapy or not." | ( Aanderud, S; Eide, GE; Holm, PI; Husebye, ES; Lien, EA; Nedrebo, BG; Skeie, S; Sorheim, JI; Uhlving, S, 2002) |
| "The study included 127 patients with Graves' disease divided into three groups: group I of 29 thyrotoxic patients before the beginning of treatment; group II of 73 euthyroid patients under antithyroid treatment; and group III of 25 patients who remained euthyroid 8 weeks after therapy discontinuation." | ( Kusić, Z; Lechpammer, M; Lechpammer, S; Lukac, J, 2002) |
| "We describe here a case of Graves' disease during treatment with sizofiran, an immunoactivator." | ( Morita, S; Ueda, Y, 2002) |
| "A 13-year-old girl with Graves' disease, whose younger sister had systemic lupus erythematosus, developed polyarthralgia, fever, neutropenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and microscopic hematuria after treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU) for 2 years." | ( Hara, M; Hizuka, N; Sato, K; Takagi, S; Takano, K; Tochimoto, A; Yamada, A, 2002) |
| "A 3 year old child with Graves' disease and mitral valve prolapse became neutropenic on carbimazole therapy." | ( Birrell, G; Cheetham, TD; Lucraft, H; Rahman, MA; Stewart, H, 2003) |
| "Of 346 patients with Graves' disease enrolled 225 were euthyroid 4 weeks after antithyroid drug withdrawal and were randomly assigned to receive levothyroxine (114 patients) or no treatment (controls, 111 patients)." | ( Dettmann, J; Hackenberg, K; Hirche, H; Hoermann, R; Mann, K; Meng, W; Pfeilschifter, J; Prehn, B; Quadbeck, B; Reschke, K; Roggenbuck, U; Szabolcs, I, 2002) |
| "Twenty-eight untreated patients with Graves' disease were treated with thiamazole and followed for up to 13 years." | ( Amino, N; Hidaka, Y; Izumi, Y; Mizuta, I; Tada, H; Takano, T; Tatsumi, KI, 2003) |
| "Sixty-nine patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease in the euthyroid state after 2-5 years of antithyroid drug therapy and 32 healthy subjects as the control group." | ( Fukao, A; Hanafusa, T; Hayashi, S; Kuma, K; Miyauchi, A; Murakami, Y; Sakane, S; Takamatsu, J, 2003) |
| "Fifty-seven patients with Graves' disease were treated with anti-thyroid drugs at the initial dose of 30 mg/day of methimazole (MMI) or 300 mg/day of propylthiouracil (PTU)." | ( Amino, N; Hidaka, Y; Izumi, Y; Kashiwai, T; Shimaoka, Y; Tada, H; Takano, T; Takeoka, K; Tatsumi, KI, 2003) |
| "Since theraphy of Graves' disease is not directed towards the cause of the disease, medical theraphy is still the first choice and symptomatically effective in treating hyperthyroidism." | ( Hörmann, R; Janssen, OE; Mann, K; Quadbeck, B, 2003) |
| "Of 65 consecutive patients with treated Graves' disease and severe and active ophthalmopathy (GO) chosen to undergo IVGC treatment, only 57 patients, persistently euthyroid under methimazole therapy, were studied longitudinally for ocular parameters, TRAb, G2sAb and EMAb before therapy, at the end of therapy and, subsequently, every month for 21 months." | ( Bellastella, A; Bizzarro, A; Conte, M; Coronella, C; De Bellis, A; Guaglione, M; Perrino, S; Sansone, D; Solimeno, S; Wall, JR, 2003) |
| "Propylthiouracil treatment of Graves' disease has been postulated to provoke antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis." | ( Allahabadia, A; Chin, L; Daykin, J; Franklyn, JA; Gough, SC; Harper, L; Heward, J; Savage, CO, 2004) |
| "Eighty nine patients with Graves' disease who were currently being treated with PTU (n = 47) or MMI (n = 42) were included in the study." | ( Chou, HH; Hsu, TC; Huang, CN; Tsay, GJ, 2004) |
| "Since no causative treatment of Graves' disease is available, symptomatic therapy has been derived from clinical studies (evidence class I and II)." | ( Janssen, OE; Mann, K; Quadbeck, B, 2004) |
| "One hundred and forty patients with Graves' disease [32 new patients, 54 treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) for a mean of 27." | ( Chou, HH; Hsu, TC; Huang, CN; Tsay, GJ, 2004) |
| "Regardless the autoimmune origin of Graves' disease, the preferred method of its treatment remains antithyroid drug administration." | ( Gołkowski, F; Huszno, B; Plinta, T; Szybiński, Z; Trofimiuk, M, 2004) |
| "An association between Graves' disease (GD) and chronic hepatitis C (C-HC) has been observed both in the presence and the absence of recombinant interferon-alpha (rIFN-alpha) treatment." | ( Barilli, AL; Bertoni, R; Coiro, V; Delsignore, R; Di Seclì, C; Ferrari, C; Finardi, L; Jotti, GS; La Gioia, D; Minelli, R; Valli, MA, 2005) |
| "Eighty-two Graves' disease patients were submitted to RIT after thionamide treatment failure." | ( Camargo, EE; Etchebehere, EC; Facuri, FV; Lima, MC; Lima, MM; Panzan, AD; Ramos, CD; Santos, AO; Tambascia, MA; Zantut-Wittmann, DE, 2005) |
| "Women with a past history of Graves' disease and no current treatment display a normal thyroid function and adaptation during pregnancy." | ( Guibourdenche, J; Le Gac, I; Luton, D; Noel, M; Polak, M, 2005) |
| "Optimal treatment of Graves' disease in paediatric patients is still a matter of controversy." | ( Alonso, M; Barrio, R; Carrillo, A; López-Capapé, M; Martinez-Badás, I; Moreno, JC, 2005) |
| "Previous studies suggested that Graves' disease (GD) patients had elevated anti-Gal titers compared to normal controls, but titers returned to normal after treatment." | ( Bahn, R; Fullmer, J; Lindall, A; Mariash, CN, 2005) |
| "The effects of treatment modality for Graves' disease (GD) were studied with respect to long-term quality of life and present health status." | ( Abraham-Nordling, M; Calissendorff, J; Hamberger, B; Lundell, G; Tallstedt, L; Törring, O; Wallin, G, 2005) |
| "The patient was initially treated for Graves' disease, on the basis of ultrasonographic, laboratoristic and scintigraphic evidence." | ( Di Carlo, C; Di Spiezio Sardo, A; Giordano, E; Guida, M; Mandato, VD; Nappi, C, 2005) |
| "We present a 22-year-old woman with Graves' disease who developed recurrent episodes of arthritis while on treatment with propylthiouracil." | ( Cheah, WK; Lee, KO; Mukherjee, JJ; Nam, TQ; Tan, F, 2006) |
| "Both the Evans syndrome and Basedow disease were considerably ameliorated with plasma exchange, corticosteroid and thiamazole therapy." | ( Kida, M; Kuroda, H; Matsumoto, M; Matsunaga, T; Niitsu, Y; Watanabe, H, 2005) |
| "The treatment of Graves' disease (GD) with antithyroid drugs (ATD) leads to remission of the disease in approximately half of patients treated for at least six months, and the overall relapse rate is high, ranging from 60% to 80%." | ( Coeli, CM; Peixoto, MC; Vaisman, M, 2005) |
| "We believe that RTX treatment in Graves' disease may cause amelioration of ophthalmopathy by depleting total lymphocytes population in the orbit." | ( Avignone, S; Beck-Peccoz, P; Bonara, P; Campi, I; Guastella, C; Pirola, G; Ratiglia, R; Rossi, S; Salvi, M; Sbrozzi, F; Vannucchi, G, 2006) |
| "Post-partum thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease may be treated with radioiodine but it requires radiation safety measurements for infant and is contraindicated if the mother is breast-feeding." | ( Azizi, F, 2006) |
| "This case describes a young girl with Graves' disease, who presented with fulminant hepatic failure 9 months into propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy." | ( Kim, GE; Posselt, A; Quiros, JA; Rosenthal, P; Sipe, WE; Su, M, 2006) |
| "To describe a case of Graves' disease treated with methimazole and examine the influence of thyroid hormone alteration on warfarin anticoagulation." | ( Busenbark, LA; Cushnie, SA, 2006) |
| "Twenty-one patients with Graves' disease were examined in this study, before and after treatment." | ( Banba, N; Hattori, Y; Mochizuki, Y; Monden, T, 2006) |
| "Propylthiouracil is chosen in treating Graves' disease in early pregnancy." | ( Momotani, N, 2006) |
| "She had had Graves' disease, which had been treated with PTU for 11 years." | ( Ermis, H; Eyuboglu, FO; Habesoglu, MA; Karatasli, M; Sen, N, 2007) |
| "Inadequately treated maternal Graves' disease not only may lead to CH-C but also carries an, until now, unrecognized risk of thyroid disintegration in the offspring as well." | ( de Vijlder, JJ; Kempers, MJ; Smets, AM; Smit, BJ; van Rijn, RR; van Trotsenburg, AS; Vulsma, T, 2007) |
| "Treatment of Graves' disease consists of anti-thyroid drugs, radioactive iodide and thyroidectomy but the optimal treatment of GD in children is still controversial." | ( Likitmaskul, S; Pusuwan, P; Santiprabhob, J; Sawathiparnich, P; Somnuke, PH, 2007) |
| "To review treatment outcome of Graves' disease in Thai children." | ( Likitmaskul, S; Pusuwan, P; Santiprabhob, J; Sawathiparnich, P; Somnuke, PH, 2007) |
| "An appropriate treatment of Graves' disease is crucial to avoid serious sequelae of longstanding, poorly controlled hyperthyroidism." | ( Higa, M; Hiroi, N; Kuboki, K; Sakamoto, Y; Urita, Y; Yoshino, G, 2007) |
| "Fifty patients with uncomplicated Graves' disease were treated with radioactive iodine (I(131))." | ( AGRESS, CM; PRINZMETAL, M, 1949) |
| "The majority of patients with Graves' disease gradually enter remission of TSH-receptor autoimmunity during medical or after surgical therapy, with no difference between the types of therapy." | ( Abraham-Nordling, M; Laurberg, P; Lundell, G; Tallstedt, L; Tørring, O; Wallin, G, 2008) |
| "The article describes a case of Graves' disease treated with methimazole and examines the influence of methimazole-induced alterations of thyroid hormone concentrations during warfarin therapy." | ( Akin, F; Bastemir, M; Yapar, B; Yaylali, GF, 2008) |
| "The optimal treatment for Graves' disease in children is controversial." | ( Glaser, NS; Styne, DM, 2008) |
| "In a clinical study of Graves' disease patients who had side effects from antithyroid drugs, we found that treatment by AJBHT resulted in a reduction of serum triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels and an increase in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (T3: p<0." | ( Ahn, SY; Ahn, YM; Doo, HK; Kang, SI; Lee, BC, 2008) |
| "Fifty-eight patients with Graves' disease were referred for radioactive iodine therapy after failure of medical treatment, which was given for at least 6 months." | ( El Refaei, SM; Shawkat, W, 2008) |
| "A 54-year-old man with Graves' disease had been treated with thiamazole (5 mg/day)." | ( Iida, H; Iwata, Y; Kahara, T; Miwa, A; Nakaya, I; Torita, M; Uchiyama, A; Usuda, R; Yoshizawa, M, 2008) |
| "Conventional therapies for Graves' disease, consisting of medical therapy or radioiodine are unsatisfactory, because of limited efficacy and adverse events." | ( Corssmit, EP; Heemstra, KA; Huizinga, TW; Pereira, AM; Romijn, JA; Sepers, J; Smit, JW; Toes, RE, 2008) |
| "There is debate about how Graves' disease (GD) should be treated in children." | ( Alberti, C; Castanet, M; Czernichow, P; Guitteny, MA; Kaguelidou, F; Léger, J, 2008) |
| "In untreated Graves' disease serum BNP level was significantly elevated in patients with HF or AF." | ( Isozaki, O; Kato, K; Murakami, H; Takano, K; Tsushima, T, 2009) |
| "Treatment of Graves' disease (GD) with the B-lymphocyte depleting agent rituximab in addition to standard methimazole-therapy prolongs remission." | ( Banga, JP; El Fassi, D; Gilbert, JA; Hegedüs, L; Nielsen, CH; Padoa, C, 2009) |
| "Newly diagnosed Graves' disease patients (prospective group, n = 58) were evaluated before and during therapy with PTU to investigate the development of ANCA positivity." | ( Aydintug, OT; Cin, MO; Gullu, S; Gursoy, A; Kamel, N; Morris, Y, 2009) |
| "A total of 134 untreated patients with Graves' disease were randomly assigned to one of four regimens: Group 1, MMI 30 mg; Group 2, MMI 30 mg + KI; Group 3, MMI 15 mg and Group 4, MMI 15 mg + KI." | ( Amino, N; Fukata, S; Ito, M; Kubota, S; Kudo, T; Miyauchi, A; Nishihara, E; Sasaki, I; Takata, K, 2010) |
| "Retrospective study in 7patients with Graves' disease who were treated with propylthiouracil and developed ANCA-positive glomerulonephritis between 2000-2008." | ( Chanchairujuira, T; Choensuchon, B; Ong-Ajyooth, L; Parichatikanond, P; Visavachaipan, N, 2010) |
| "Forty-six Graves' disease patients with mild or no ophthalmopathy were prospectively treated with carbimazole (CBZ) (n = 22) or RAI (n = 24)." | ( Bowden, J; Brotchie, P; Champion, BL; El-Kaissi, S; Henry, MJ; Nicholson, GC; Wall, JR; Yeo, M, 2010) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease who are treated with MMI for at least 2 years and become euthyroid, the occurrence of elevated serum TSH concentrations during MMI treatment is a favorable indicator for long-term remission and is independent of multiple other factors including TSAb status, duration of MMI treatment, and gross parameters of goiter size." | ( Choo, YK; Chung, HK; Kim, DW; Yoo, WS, 2010) |
| "She was treated for Graves' disease at 50 years of age." | ( Fujioka, T; Honda, M; Koyama, K; Matsuno, H; Ogawa, M; Shimokawa, K; Yoshizaki, T, 2010) |
| "3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-predominant Graves' disease (T(3)-P-GD) is characterized by a persistently high serum T(3) level and normal or even lower serum thyroxine (T(4)) level during antithyroid drug therapy." | ( Amino, N; Ito, M; Iwasaka, T; Miyauchi, A; Nishikawa, M; Nomura, E; Takamatsu, J; Takamura, Y; Toyoda, N, 2011) |
| "Treatment of Graves' disease during pregnancy with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) poses a risk of inducing hypothyroidism and, thus, development of a goiter to the fetus." | ( Bliddal, S; Brocks, V; Feldt-Rasmussen, U; Rasmussen, ÅK; Skovbo, P; Sundberg, K, 2011) |
| "Two pregnant women with Graves' disease were overtreated with ATDs inducing iatrogenic goiter in the fetuses." | ( Bliddal, S; Brocks, V; Feldt-Rasmussen, U; Rasmussen, ÅK; Skovbo, P; Sundberg, K, 2011) |
| "We report a case of a patient with Graves' disease complicated with intravenous immunoglobulin responsive methimazole-induced agranulocytosis/hemophagocytosis who underwent successful preoperative DFPP treatment in preparation for thyriodectomy." | ( Chang, CJ; Chen, YK; Cheng, CY; Lee, TI; Lew, WH; Lin, JD, 2011) |
| "Treatment of Graves-Basedow disease in childhood is a debated question." | ( Ilyés, I, 2011) |
| "Abnormal liver function tests in Graves' disease are common, after treatment until the euthyroid state, experienced an improvement in GGT level but also an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase level." | ( Deerochanawong, C; Ngongamrut, S; Noppavetchwich, P; Sarinnapakorn, V; Sunthorntepwarakul, T, 2011) |
| "Twelve patients suffering from Graves' disease presented for surgical treatment in our clinic." | ( Gellrich, NC; Kokemüller, H; Müller-Tavassol, C; Rücker, M; Schramm, A; Tavassol, F, 2012) |
| "In women with Graves' disease, autoimmune fetal hyperthyroidism can generally be treated in a noninvasive way by optimizing treatment of the mother, such as by increasing the dose of antithyroid drugs." | ( Polak, M, 2011) |
| "She was diagnosed with Basedow's disease in 1999, and treatment with antithyroid agents was started." | ( Ando, J; Hirata, Y; Hourai, Y; Minami, R; Miyamura, T; Nakamura, M; Suematsu, E; Takahama, S; Torigoe, M; Yamamoto, M, 2011) |
| "He was treated with carbimazole for Graves' disease." | ( El Khattabi, A; Seddik, H; Sekkach, Y; Zahid, H, 2011) |
| "In this child with Graves' disease, who was normocalcemic on presentation, RAI treatment was followed by compromised function of the parathyroid glands which was sufficient to produce symptomatic hypocalcemia." | ( Komarovskiy, K; Raghavan, S, 2012) |
| "Treatment of patients with Graves' disease with a novel combination therapy consisting of potassium bromide and methimazole resulted in a rapid improvement in clinical symptoms and decreased blood thyroid hormone levels to homeostatic levels faster than methimazole treatment alone." | ( Li, D; Li, X; Liu, X; Pei, H; Xie, Y, 2012) |
| "In untreated patients with Graves' disease and HT we observed a significant decrease in CD4+FoxP3 (p < 0." | ( Bodzenta-Lukaszyk, A; Bossowska, A; Bossowski, A; Dąbrowska, M; Jeznach, M; Moniuszko, M; Rusak, M; Sawicka, B; Wójtowicz, J, 2013) |
| "Twenty women had a recent diagnosis of Graves' disease, 30 women presented with a compensated disease state after either conservative or surgical treatment, and 30 healthy postmenopausal women served as controls." | ( Amashukeli, M; Giorgadze, E; Jikurauli, N; Korinteli, M; Shanava, S; Tsagareli, M; Zerekidze, T, 2013) |
| "Treatment of Graves' disease is generally insufficient to resolve the cutaneous problems." | ( Cante, V; Couderc, E; Guillet, G; Renaud, O, 2013) |
| "At the first episode of Graves' disease, 21 months after the introduction of HAART, the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction vanished without any specific treatment, but were associated with termination of taking HAART." | ( Begovac, J; Brnić, Z; Stemberger, L; Visković, K, 2013) |
| "A 24-year-old Chinese woman with Graves' disease presented with myositis two months after treatment with carbimazole." | ( Kek, PC; Lim, AY; Soh, AW, 2013) |
| "Optimal treatment of Graves' disease (GD) remains controversial." | ( Daniels, GH; Ehrenfeld, JM; Gaz, RD; Hodin, RA; Lubitz, CC; Morales-Garcia, D; Parangi, S; Phitayakorn, R; Stephen, AE; Wanderer, J, 2013) |
| "In the setting of maternal Graves' disease (GD), fetal and neonatal goiters are most commonly caused by maternal treatment with antithyroid medication, and the goiter resolves within days of initiation of thyroxine replacement in the neonate." | ( Rapaport, R; Regelmann, MO; Sullivan, CK, 2013) |
| "In women with Graves' disease, autoimmune fetal hyperthyroidism can generally be treated in a noninvasive way by optimizing treatment of the mother, such as by increasing the dose of antithyroid drugs." | ( Luton, D; Polak, M, 2014) |
| "Nine Graves' disease-caused hyperthyroid patients who were newly diagnosed and untreated were studied." | ( Guan, Y; Hua, F; Li, Y; Miao, Q; Ye, H; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Z; Zuo, C, 2014) |
| "The patient had Graves' disease treated previously with propylthiouracil (PTU)." | ( Ortiz-Diaz, EO, 2014) |
| "Therapeutic options for pediatric Graves' disease (PGD) include antithyroid drug therapy (ATD) as the first line and radioiodine (I-131) therapy as the second line of treatment." | ( Bal, C; Ballal, S; Chopra, S; Garg, A; Singh, H; Soundararajan, R, 2015) |
| "To control hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, antithyroid drugs should be administered." | ( Ito, K; Iwaku, K; Kameda, T; Kobayashi, S; Kunii, Y; Matsumoto, M; Mukasa, K; Noh, JY; Ohye, H; Sugino, K; Suzuki, M; Suzuki, N; Watanabe, N; Yoshihara, A, 2015) |
| "The cases of 283 women with Graves' disease (GD) were reviewed whose treatment was switched from MMI to KI in the first trimester (iodine group), as well as the cases of 1333 patients treated with MMI alone (MMI group) for comparison." | ( Ito, K; Iwaku, K; Kameda, T; Kobayashi, S; Kunii, Y; Matsumoto, M; Mukasa, K; Noh, JY; Ohye, H; Sugino, K; Suzuki, M; Suzuki, N; Watanabe, N; Yoshihara, A, 2015) |
| "In patients with Graves' disease with persistent or recurrent thyrotoxicosis after adequate ablative treatment, the possibility of ectopic thyroid hormone production should be considered." | ( Hanamornroongruang, S; Peerapatdit, T; Sitasuwan, T; Thongtang, N, 2015) |
| "Twenty-five patients with euthyroid Graves' disease being preoperatively treated with Lugol solution for 10 days were measured, at baseline and on the operative day, for (1) superior thyroid artery blood flow; (2) systemic angiogenic factor (VEGF); and (3) systemic inflammatory factor [interleukin (IL)-16]." | ( Chow, NH; Huang, SM; Liao, WT; Lin, CF; Sun, HS, 2016) |
| "Ten patients with thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease were treated with a rapid thyroid hormone blocking protocol of Lugol's solution, dexamethasone and a beta-blocker." | ( Fischli, S; Henzen, C; Lucchini, B; Müller, W; Slahor, L, 2016) |
| "A 23-year-old man, on treatment for Graves' disease, presented to the emergency department, with 2 separate episodes of loss of consciousness." | ( Basnyat, B; Paudyal, B; Shakya, M, 2016) |
| "Treatment options for Graves' disease include antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine therapy, and surgery, whereas antithyroid drugs are not generally used long term in toxic nodular goitre, because of the high relapse rate of thyrotoxicosis after discontinuation." | ( Braverman, LE; De Leo, S; Lee, SY, 2016) |
| "Most children with Graves' disease treated with ATD do not experience remission, but most remissions do not end in relapse." | ( Burton, AM; Rabon, S; White, PC, 2016) |
| "Whether radioactive iodine treatment of Graves' disease (GD) during pregnancy will increase pregnancy loss and affect fetal development is still a matter of concern." | ( Chen, G; Guan, L; Wang, L; Zhang, J, 2016) |
| "Treatment options for Graves' disease (GD), namely anti-thyroid drugs (ATD), surgery or radioiodine (RAI), have not changed over the past two decades." | ( Conaglen, JV; Cox, SC; Elston, MS; Tamatea, JA, 2016) |
| "More surprisingly, Graves' disease recurred during treatment with imatinib." | ( Castinetti, F; Eroukhmanoff, J; Penel, N; Salas, S, 2016) |
| "Our data suggest that Graves' disease patients with elevated immunoglobulin G4 levels at diagnosis have a phenotype characterized by higher anti-thyroglobulin antibody and antithyroid peroxidase antibody titers, less severe T3 hyperthyroidism, younger age at ophthalmopathy onset and require a shorter duration of the first methimazole treatment cycle." | ( Barbu, CG; Betivoiu, MA; Fica, SV; Florea, S; Martin, CS; Sirbu, AE, 2017) |
| "Treatment-naive Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic." | ( Bal, C; Ballal, S; Soundararajan, R, 2017) |
| "Weight gain during treatment for Graves' disease is common in children, and many children become overweight or obese during treatment." | ( Alonso, GT; Rabon, S; White, PC, 2018) |
| "A 30-year-old Japanese woman with Graves' disease, who was treated with PTU, reported with otitis media with sensorineural hearing loss bilaterally and trigeminal neuralgia on the left side, as well as elevated serum levels of myeloperoxidase-ANCA." | ( Kishida, D; Moteki, H; Sekijima, Y; Shimojima, Y; Tanaka, R; Ueno, KI, 2018) |
| "Methimazole was used to treat Graves' disease." | ( Choo, JW; Hong, SE; Kim, JH; Kim, SE; Lee, SJ; Lim, SK; Park, CK; Park, JW, 2018) |
| "Adequate management of Graves' disease in children is an area of controversy in pediatric endocrinology, while optimal duration of medical treatment inducing remission in disease as well as indications for therapeutic alternatives still needs to be determined." | ( El Ansari, N; El Mghari, G; Elouarradi, N, 2018) |
| "One patient with a history of Graves' disease showed hypoglycemia after administration of thiamazole." | ( Chen, F; Liu, Y; Wang, W; Yang, J; You, W; Zhu, L, 2018) |
| "Background The management options for Graves' disease in children are limited and there is controversy regarding optimal treatment." | ( Aycan, Z; Bayramoğlu, E; Elmaogulları, S; Sagsak, E, 2019) |
| "Sixty Graves' disease patients referred for radioactive iodine treatment were randomised into three arms of treatment: Group A, 3." | ( Kerr, SJ; Tepmongkol, S; Thamcharoenvipas, S, 2019) |
| "Treatment of rapid turnover Graves' disease patients with high dose I-131 (7." | ( Kerr, SJ; Tepmongkol, S; Thamcharoenvipas, S, 2019) |
| "Surgery for Graves' disease (GD) is usually performed after adequate control with medical treatment." | ( Ali, A; Balasubramanian, SP; Debono, M, 2019) |
| "Initial treatment options for Graves' disease include antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine (RAI), and surgery." | ( Choi, JY; Chung, JH; Kim, HI; Kim, SW; Kim, TH; Park, H; Park, J; Park, SY, 2020) |
| "We present a case of Graves' disease with active, moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy in a patient with pre-existing AFTN presenting with a coexisting, rare case of Marine-Lenhart syndrome associated with immune reconstitution after alemtuzumab treatment." | ( Belfiore, A; Frasca, F; Le Moli, R; Malandrino, P; Russo, M; Vella, V, 2021) |
| "She developed Graves' disease nine months postoperatively and was treated with methimazole." | ( Eguchi, H; Hiromatsu, Y; Mukohara, K; Nakamura, Y, 2021) |
| "A 42-year-old woman with Graves' disease undergoing PTU therapy for 8 years visited our hospital because of earache and congested feeling in her left ear." | ( Hiruma, M; Ishii, S; Ito, K; Sasano, Y; Sugino, K; Watanabe, N; Yaguchi, Y; Yoshihara, A; Yoshimura Noh, J, 2021) |
| "Neutropenia can occur in untreated autoimmune hyperthyroidism (AIH) or in association with treatment with the anti-thyroid drug, methimazole (MMI)." | ( Alvarez, AG; Litao, MKS; Shah, B, 2021) |
| "Triiodothyronine (T3)-predominant Graves' disease is characterized by increased serum free T3 (FT3) levels after free thyroxine (FT4) levels become normal or even low during antithyroid drug treatment." | ( Deguchi, M; Fujioka, K; Nishida, K; Tanimura, K; Uenaka, M; Washio, K; Yamada, H, 2021) |
| "Finally, it was found that Graves' disease was complicated by anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome, and the symptoms were relieved after treatment with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin." | ( Hu, X; Liang, T; Luo, Z; Zhou, Z, 2021) |
| "Although Graves' disease is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder, the coexistence of these two diseases is extremely rare and makes the diagnosis and treatment complicated, leading to the delayed diagnosis of resistance to thyroid hormone." | ( Akahori, H; Usuda, R, 2021) |
| "Antithyroid treatment in Graves' disease leads to improvement in adhesion molecules, with a lesser effect on methimazole, whereas there were no significant changes in PWV or cIMT." | ( Alwi, I; Harahap, AR; Harimurti, K; Jusman, SWA; Nafrialdi, N; Pemayun, TGD; Santoso, DIS; Subekti, I; Suwarto, S; Wisnu, W, 2021) |
| "Adult patients with Graves' disease treated with RI with 12 months' follow-up." | ( Abraham, P; Atkin, SL; Basu, A; Bennett, S; Boelaert, K; Crown, A; Dayan, C; Drake, WM; Falinska, A; Gibb, FW; Gilbert, J; Gleeson, H; Grossman, A; Hickey, J; Jarvis, S; Johnson, A; Johnston, C; Jones, TH; Karavitaki, N; Lazarus, JH; Leese, GP; Levy, MJ; Madathil, A; Malik, I; Mishra, B; Moran, C; Nag, S; Orme, SM; Pariani, N; Perros, P; Plummer, Z; Ray, DW; Razvi, S; Rees, A; Sanderson, V; Sathyapalan, T; Sturrock, N; Syed, AA; Vaidya, B; Velusamy, A; Williams, GR; Žarković, MP, 2022) |
| "Although untreated Graves' disease (GD) is associated with a higher risk of cardiac complications and mortality, there is no well-established way to predict the onset of thyrotoxicosis in clinical practice." | ( Aizawa, T; Fukushita, M; Hata, K; Hoshiyama, A; Inoue, K; Ito, K; Kinoshita, A; Matsumoto, M; Mikura, K; Mitsumatsu, T; Sugino, K; Suzuki, A; Suzuki, N; Taguchi, J; Taira Arai, Y; Watanabe, N; Yoshihara, A; Yoshimura Noh, J; Yoshimura, R, 2022) |
| "BACKGROUND The therapeutic approach to Graves' disease (GD) comprises thionamides, radioiodine ablation, or surgery as first-line therapy, and cholestyramine and oral iodine as second-line therapies." | ( Sharma, PP, 2022) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who remain hyperthyroid under the treatment of antithyroid drugs (ATD) or cannot tolerate ATD usually receive radioactive iodine (RAI) to control disease activity." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who received an actual RAI dose close to the calculated RAI dose achieved prolonged euthyroidism > 12 months if they also took hydroxychloroquine during RAI treatment." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who remain hyperthyroid under the treatment of antithyroid drugs (ATD) or cannot tolerate ATD usually receive radioactive iodine (RAI) to control disease activity." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who received an actual RAI dose close to the calculated RAI dose achieved prolonged euthyroidism > 12 months if they also took hydroxychloroquine during RAI treatment." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who remain hyperthyroid under the treatment of antithyroid drugs (ATD) or cannot tolerate ATD usually receive radioactive iodine (RAI) to control disease activity." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Patients with Graves' disease who received an actual RAI dose close to the calculated RAI dose achieved prolonged euthyroidism > 12 months if they also took hydroxychloroquine during RAI treatment." | ( Chen, KH; Chen, TC; Hu, FC; Lu, JY; Shih, SR; Wen, FY; Wu, WC, 2023) |
| "Outcomes of childhood-onset Graves' disease (GD) and suggested duration of anti-thyroid drug (ATD) therapy have been controversial." | ( Koad, P; Mahachoklertwattana, P; Numthavaj, P; Pongratanakul, S; Poomthavorn, P; Puttawong, D; Woratanarat, P, 2023) |
| "She was diagnosed with Graves' disease 2 years ago, became euthyroid during treatment, but defaulted." | ( Agyapong, KO; Bampoh, SA; Fiador, K; Fiscian, H; Folson, AA; Kootin-Sanwu, C; Tufuor, M; Wonkyi, R, 2023) |