Cyclopentenone is a five-membered cyclic ketone with a double bond in the ring. It is an important building block in organic synthesis and occurs in a variety of natural products, including prostaglandins, which are hormone-like substances that regulate various physiological processes. Cyclopentenone and its derivatives have been shown to exhibit a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. The presence of the enone system (a conjugated double bond and carbonyl group) makes cyclopentenone susceptible to electrophilic attack, allowing for a variety of chemical transformations. Its reactivity and structural versatility make it a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of complex molecules.'
2-cyclopenten-1-one : An enone that is cyclopentanone having a C=C double bond at position 2.
ID Source | ID |
---|---|
PubMed CID | 13588 |
CHEMBL ID | 52190 |
CHEBI ID | 141550 |
MeSH ID | M0062037 |
Synonym |
---|
EN300-24545 |
cyclopentenone |
930-30-3 |
3-cyclopenten-2-one |
nsc-73117 |
cyclopenten-3-one |
2-cyclopentenone |
nsc73117 |
inchi=1/c5h6o/c6-5-3-1-2-4-5/h1,3h,2,4h |
2-cyclopenten-1-one |
cyclopent-2-en-1-one |
2-cyclopenten-1-one, 98% |
CHEMBL52190 |
CHEBI:141550 |
cyclopent-2-enone |
AKOS000121108 |
A844427 |
einecs 213-213-0 |
nsc 73117 |
unii-q0u2igf9ck |
cyclopenten-3-one (van) |
q0u2igf9ck , |
cyclopent-2-ene-1-one |
28982-58-3 |
2-cylcopenten-1-one |
2-cyclopentene-1-one |
FT-0625674 |
FT-0649567 |
FT-0606447 |
AM61702 |
1-cyclopenten-5-one |
1-cyclopenten-3-one |
2-cyclopenten-1- one |
cyclopenten-2-one |
AKOS025243944 |
CS-W011359 |
2-cyclopentenone-1 |
PS-9373 |
J-520173 |
F0001-2242 |
mfcd00001401 |
Q2292678 |
DTXSID60870802 |
STL183308 |
BBL100014 |
cis-cyclopentenone |
SB40642 |
HY-W010643 |
Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
---|---|---|
"Cyclopentenones have been shown to be versatile intermediates for the stereoselective preparation of highly substituted cyclopentane derivatives." | ( Investigation into 9(S)-HPODE-derived allene oxide to cyclopentenone cyclization mechanism via diradical oxyallyl intermediates. Brash, AR; Cha, JK; Hebert, SP; Schlegel, HB, 2016) | 1.4 |
Cyclopentenone prostanoids inhibit virus replication by turning on an intracellular defence response. IsoPs enhance neurodegeneration caused by other insults at biologically relevant concentrations.
Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
---|---|---|
"Cyclopentenone IsoPs also enhance neurodegeneration caused by other insults at biologically relevant concentrations." | ( Electrophilic cyclopentenone isoprostanes in neurodegeneration. McLaughlin, B; Morrow, JD; Musiek, ES, 2007) | 1.42 |
"Cyclopentenone prostanoids inhibit virus replication by turning on an intracellular defence response that involves the induction of cytoprotective heat-shock proteins, the modification of viral glycoprotein maturation and the control of NF-kappa B activation. " | ( Antiviral activity of cyclopentenone prostanoids. Santoro, MG, 1997) | 2.05 |
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
---|---|---|
" Commercially available authentic standards of the identified compounds were tested in dose-response studies on hamster oviducts." | ( Phenols, quinolines, indoles, benzene, and 2-cyclopenten-1-ones are oviductal toxicants in cigarette smoke. Riveles, K; Roza, R; Talbot, P, 2005) | 0.33 |
Role | Description |
---|---|
Hsp70 inducer | Any inducer of heat shock protein 70. |
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Class | Description |
---|---|
enone | An alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)R(4) (R(4) =/= H) in which the C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. |
alicyclic ketone | A cyclic ketone in which the carbocyclic ring structure which may be saturated or unsaturated, but may not be a benzenoid or other aromatic system. |
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
---|---|---|---|---|
AID1432754 | Time-dependent Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production using urea as substrate by phenol-hypochlorite method | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1132956 | Antitumor activity against mouse Walker 256 cells allografted in Sprague-Dawley rat assessed as increase in survival rate at 2.5 mg/kg/day, ip relative to control | 1978 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 21, Issue:8 | Antitumor agents 32. Synthesis and antitumor activity of cyclopentenone derivatives related to helenalin. |
AID1149566 | Antitumor activity against mouse EAC cells allografted in CF1 mouse assessed as survival at 33.3 mg/kg/day, ip after 7 days | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID174708 | Gastric cytoprotective activity in male wistar rat | 1997 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-06, Volume: 40, Issue:12 | Structure-cytoprotective activity relationship of simple molecules containing an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl system. |
AID1432763 | Glutathione reactivity in pH 7.4 PBS measured after 6 to 36 hrs in presence of 1.375 mmol GSH by DTNB reagent based spectrophotometric method | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1149570 | Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1432756 | Reversible inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production by measuring recovery of enzyme activity at 10 times IC50 preincubated for 60 mins followed by 100-fold dilution in to PBS containing urea as subst | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1432759 | Inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production by measuring initial state enzyme-inhibitor complex using urea as substrate measured for 120 mins by phenol-hypochlorite method | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1149568 | Antitumor activity against rat Walker 256 cells allografted in Sprague-Dawley rat at 2.5 mg/kg/day, ip relative to control | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1432752 | Cytotoxicity against mouse BALB/3T3 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation after 72 hrs by SRB assay | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1469817 | Thiol reactivity of the compound assessed as equilibrium constant for adduct formation | 2017 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-09, Volume: 60, Issue:3 | Covalent Modifiers: A Chemical Perspective on the Reactivity of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Thiols via Hetero-Michael Addition Reactions. |
AID1132953 | Antitumor activity against mouse P388 cells allografted in DBA/2 mouse assessed as increase in survival rate at 5 mg/kg/day, ip administered for 2 weeks relative to control | 1978 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 21, Issue:8 | Antitumor agents 32. Synthesis and antitumor activity of cyclopentenone derivatives related to helenalin. |
AID1469819 | Glutathione reactivity of the compound in DMSO and phosphate buffer assessed as second order rate constant for adduct formation | 2017 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-09, Volume: 60, Issue:3 | Covalent Modifiers: A Chemical Perspective on the Reactivity of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Thiols via Hetero-Michael Addition Reactions. |
AID1149567 | Antitumor activity against mouse EAC cells allografted in CF1 mouse assessed as tumor growth inhibition at 33.3 mg/kg/day, ip after 7 days | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1149581 | Stability of the compound assessed as reactivity with L-cysteine by NMR analysis | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1432760 | Inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production by measuring steady state enzyme-inhibitor complex using urea as substrate measured for 120 mins by phenol-hypochlorite method | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1132951 | Cytotoxicity against human Hep2 cells assessed a growth inhibition by rapid microtiter technique | 1978 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 21, Issue:8 | Antitumor agents 32. Synthesis and antitumor activity of cyclopentenone derivatives related to helenalin. |
AID1149580 | Stability of the compound assessed as reactivity with reduced glutathione at 28 mg after 16 hrs by NMR analysis | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1149582 | Stability of the compound assessed as reactivity with histidine at 28 mg after 7 days by NMR analysis | 1977 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 20, Issue:3 | Antitumor agents. 21. A proposed mechanism for inhibition of cancer growth by tenulin and helenalin and related cyclopentenones. |
AID1432751 | Inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production using urea as substrate measured for 120 mins by phenol-hypochlorite method | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1432755 | Competitive inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii CCM 2056 urease assessed as reduction in ammonia production preincubated with enzyme followed by addition of varying levels of urea as substrate measured for 120 mins by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis | 2017 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Potent covalent inhibitors of bacterial urease identified by activity-reactivity profiling. |
AID1517970 | Inhibition of human FBPase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) at 500 uM using FBP as substrate incubated for 5 mins by malachite green dye based spectrophotometry relative to control | 2019 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184 | Discovery of novel allosteric site and covalent inhibitors of FBPase with potent hypoglycemic effects. |
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 3 (0.94) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 10 (3.14) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 141 (44.34) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 136 (42.77) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 28 (8.81) | 2.80 |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (41.22) All Compounds (24.57) |
Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
---|---|---|
Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
Reviews | 25 (7.65%) | 6.00% |
Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
Other | 302 (92.35%) | 84.16% |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
acetoacetic acid acetoacetic acid : A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing a 3-oxo substituent. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo fatty acid; ketone body | metabolite |
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent |
benzene [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent |
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound | biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent |
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
choline [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | mouse metabolite |
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | coumarins | fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
2-butynedioic acid 2-butynedioic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. butynedioic acid : An acetylenic compound that is acetylene in which the hydrogens are replaced by carboxy groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetylenic compound; C4-dicarboxylic acid | |
guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | guaiacols | disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite |
4-nitrobenzaldehyde 4-nitrobenzaldehyde: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzaldehyde : A C-nitro compound that is benzaldehyde substituted at the para-position with a nitro group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes; C-nitro compound | |
histamine [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamino compound; imidazoles | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 7.43 | 2 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
hydroxylamine amino alcohol : An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | hydroxylamines | algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 1.1.3.13 (alcohol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; nucleophilic reagent |
imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | imidazole | |
2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyaldehyde; pentose; polyol | |
pyruvaldehyde Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo aldehyde; propanals | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom | epitope; micronutrient |
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
thymine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
1-methylimidazole 1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
mercaptoethanol Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol; primary alcohol | geroprotector |
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid | algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor |
benzyl isothiocyanate benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; isothiocyanate | antibacterial drug |
camphor, (+-)-isomer [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | bornane monoterpenoid; cyclic monoterpene ketone | plant metabolite |
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile | antibacterial agent; geroprotector; ionophore |
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; thiazolidinone | antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug |
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 2.76 | 2 | 0 | ether; volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines. | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound | |
iodoacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
methyl methanesulfonate [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen |
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
pd168393 PD 168393 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying bromoanilino and acrylamido substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acrylamides; bromobenzenes; quinazolines; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist |
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'. | 2 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone | EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | arsine oxides | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
tempol-h TEMPOL-H: hydroxylamine (protonated, reduced) form of TEMPOL; a N-hydroxyl form of LASTAR A; TEMPOL is paramagnetic radical used in NMR as SPIN LABELS whereas TEMPOL-H is not. 4-hydroxy-TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is TEMPO carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4. It is a radical scavenger which exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | chromanes; thiazolidinone | anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
thymidine [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 7.04 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
cyclopropane cyclopropane : A cycloalkane composed of three carbon atoms to form a ring. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopropanes | inhalation anaesthetic |
ethylene oxide Ethylene Oxide: A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794). oxirane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; oxacycle; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | allergen; mouse metabolite; mutagen |
methacrylaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | enal | |
3-buten-2-one buten-2-one : A methyl ketone that is butan-2-one with an unsaturation at position 3. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | enone; methyl ketone | |
acrylamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acrylamides; N-acylammonia; primary carboxamide | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; Maillard reaction product; mutagen; neurotoxin |
methylmethacrylate Methylmethacrylate: The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is used as a bone cement.. methyl methacrylate : An enoate ester having methacrylic acid as the carboxylic acid component and methanol as the alcohol component. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | enoate ester; methyl ester | allergen; polymerisation monomer |
salicylaldehyde o-hydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybenzaldehyde | nematicide; plant metabolite |
benzotriazole benzotriazole: inhibitor of atmospheric metal corrosion; also component of motion picture film & Neva brake fluid. benzotriazole : The simplest member of the class of benzotriazoles that consists of a benzene nucleus fused to a 1H-1,2,3-triazole ring. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | benzotriazoles | environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
styrene oxide styrene oxide: structure. styrene oxide : An epoxide that is oxirane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | human xenobiotic metabolite |
methyl acrylate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | enoate ester | |
4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | butan-4-olide | metabolite; neurotoxin |
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol : A primary alcohol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | oxolanes; primary alcohol | protic solvent |
furaldehyde Furaldehyde: A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.. furfural : An aldehyde that is furan with the hydrogen at position 2 substituted by a formyl group. | 3.13 | 4 | 0 | aldehyde; furans | Maillard reaction product; metabolite |
benzonitrile benzonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; nitrile | |
acrolein [no description available] | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | enal | herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin |
acrylonitrile [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | antifungal agent; carcinogenic agent; fungal metabolite; mutagen; polar aprotic solvent |
allyl alcohol allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | primary allylic alcohol; propenol | antibacterial agent; fungicide; herbicide; insecticide; plant metabolite |
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | alkane | |
3-hydroxybutanal [no description available] | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | ||
diisopropylamine diisopropylamine: structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
acetic anhydride acetic anhydride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. acetic anhydride : An acyclic carboxylic anhydride derived from acetic acid. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | metabolite; reagent |
methyl malonate methyl malonate: do not confuse with methylmalonate, i.e., malonic acid substituted with a methyl group on C2; structure | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
vinyl ether vinyl ether: major descriptor (65-85); on-line search VINYL COMPOUNDS (66-85); Index Medicus search VINYL ETHER (65-85) | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | ether | |
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | pyrrole; secondary amine | |
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
cyclopentanone [no description available] | 3.83 | 3 | 0 | cyclopentanones | Maillard reaction product |
1,4-naphthoquinone naphthoquinone : A polycyclic aromatic ketone metabolite of naphthalene.. 1,4-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,4-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 4 of the naphthalene ring. Derivatives have pharmacological properties. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-naphthoquinones | |
ethyl acrylate [no description available] | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | enoate ester | |
n-butyl acrylate butyl acrylate : An acrylate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol with the carboxy group of acrylic acid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acrylate ester | |
mesityl oxide mesityl oxide: solvent for extraction of nitrocellulose, many resins, & tellurium; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | olefinic compound | |
cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution. | 10.9 | 309 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
thiazoles [no description available] | 3.11 | 5 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
2-fluorophenol fluorophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded fluorine atoms. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
4-fluorophenol 4-fluorophenol: structure given in first source. 4-fluorophenol : A fluorophenol that is phenol in which the hydrogen para- to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a fluorine. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | fluorophenol; monofluorobenzenes | |
propadiene [no description available] | 4.59 | 7 | 0 | allenes | |
ketene ketene: structure. ketene : Carbonyl compounds where the C=O bond is conjugated to an alkylidene group. | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | ketene | |
propiolic acid propiolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. propynoic acid : A terminal acetylenic compound that is a 3-carbon, straight-chain, monounsaturated fatty acid having one acetylenic bond. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetylenic fatty acid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; monounsaturated fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenobiotic metabolite |
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline | antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
indoline indoline: structure given in first source | 7.79 | 3 | 0 | indoles | |
butenolide butenolide: inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats. butenolide : A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | butenolide | |
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
ethyl propiolate ethyl propiolate : The ethyl ester of prop-2-ynoic acid. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ethyl ester; terminal acetylenic compound; ynoate ester | |
2-piperidone 2-piperidone: structure given in first source. piperidin-2-one : A delta-lactam that is piperidine which is substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactam; piperidones | EC 1.2.1.88 (L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) inhibitor |
acetylenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester acetylenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester: inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
2-cyclohexen-1-one 2-cyclohexen-1-one: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd with specified locant for double bond. cyclohexenone : The parent compound of the cyclohexenones, composed of cyclohexanone having one double bond in the ring.. cyclohex-2-enone : A cyclohexenone having its C=C double bond at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexenone | |
potassium hydroxide potassium hydroxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-OH | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal hydroxide | |
2,2'-biphenol biphenyl-2,2'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls carrying hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 2'. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybiphenyls | |
carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
helenalin helenalin: toxic principle of Helenium microcephalum (smallhead sneezeweed); structure. helenalin : A sesquiterpene lactone that is 3,3a,4,4a,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 4a and 8 and a methylidene group at position 3 (the 3aS,4S,4aR,7aR,8R,9aR stereoisomer).. NF-kappaB inhibitor : An inhibitor of NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), a protein complex involved in the transcription of DNA. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; sesquiterpene lactone | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite; plant metabolite |
iridium Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22. | 7.03 | 1 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46. | 3.67 | 9 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
rhenium Rhenium: A metal, atomic number 75, atomic weight 186.207, symbol Re. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | manganese group element atom | |
rhodium Rhodium: A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh.. rhodium atom : A cobalt group element atom of atomic number 45. | 8.69 | 9 | 0 | cobalt group element atom | |
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
tungsten Tungsten: A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 7.76 | 3 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
phosphine phosphane : The simplest phosphine, consisting of a single phosphorus atom with three hydrogens attached.. phosphine : Phosphane (PH3) and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups: RPH2, R2PH, R3P (R =/= H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines, respectively. A specific phosphine is preferably named as a substituted phosphane. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | mononuclear parent hydride; phosphanes; phosphine | carcinogenic agent; fumigant insecticide |
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
alkenes [no description available] | 10.12 | 13 | 0 | ||
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl : A tetrachlorobiphenyl that is biphenyl in which the hydrogens at position 3 and 4 on each phenyl group are replaced by chlorines. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; tetrachlorobiphenyl | |
indacrinone indacrinone: polyvalent saluretic; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
3-methyl-2-butenal 3-methylbut-2-enal : An enal consisting of but-2-ene with a methyl substituent at position 3 and an oxo group at position 1. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | enal | metabolite |
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
aristeromycin aristeromycin: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha,3beta,5alpha)-isomer | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
isocoumarins Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | isocoumarins | |
alpha-methylene gamma-butyrolactone alpha-methylene gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide having a methylene group at the 3-position. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | butan-4-olide | anti-ulcer drug; gastrointestinal drug |
2-butynoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline: structure in first source. 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline : A member of the class of quinolines that is the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro derivative of quinoline. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | quinolines | |
phenylpropiolic acid phenylpropiolic acid: structure. phenylpropiolic acid : An acetylenic compound that is propynoic acid in which the acetylenic hydrogen is replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetylenic compound; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; benzenes | |
4-cyclopentene-1,3-dione 4-cyclopentene-1,3-dione: induces electrical excitability in crustacean muscle | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
glutarimide [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dicarboximide; piperidones | |
neplanocin a neplanocin A: neplanocins are antitumor antibiotics & carbocyclic analogs of purine nucleosides from Ampullarilla regularis A11079; see also neplanocin B, neplanocin C, neplanocin D & neplanocin F; structure in first source; a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
oxazolidin-2-one Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.. oxazolidin-2-one : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine with an oxo substituent at position 2.. oxazolidinone : An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | carbamate ester; oxazolidinone | metabolite |
triphenylmethylphosphonium triphenylmethylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
rosiglitazone [no description available] | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones | EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug |
ethyl 2-butynoate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic |
hecogenin hecogenin: steroidal sapogenin which has been isolated from plants particularly from numerous Agave species; used in prep of steroidal hormones; structure; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,25R)-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
aucubin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | metabolite |
ethylphenylpropiolate ethylphenylpropiolate: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
coronatine coronatine: consists of a coronafacic acid joined by an amide bond to coronamic acid by coronafacate ligase; phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae; RN given refers to (3aS-(3aalpha,4(1R*,2R*),6beta,7alpha))-isomer; | 2 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
sarsasapogenin [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | sapogenin | |
pyrroline pyrroline: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for dihydro moiety. pyrroline : Any organic heteromonocyclic compound with a structure based on a dihydropyrrole. | 7.46 | 2 | 0 | pyrroline | |
allenolic acid allenolic acid: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | naphthols | |
diosgenin [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal | antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite |
combretastatin combretastatin: cytotoxic principle from South African tree COMBRETUM caffrum; structure given in first source; acts at COLCHICINE site of TUBULIN | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
virantmycin virantmycin: has potent antifungal activity & potent inhibitory activity against DNA & RNA viruses; from Streptomyces nitrosporeus No. AM-2722; structure in 2nd source | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. | 4.23 | 5 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
phosphites Phosphites: Inorganic salts or organic esters of phosphorous acid that contain the (3-)PO3 radical. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). phosphite(3-) : A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from phosphorous acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | phosphite ion; trivalent inorganic anion | |
florox reagent Florox Reagent: reagent for analysis of ketosteroids; structure | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
carbene carbene: electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons; carbene is the name of the parent hydride :CH2 ; hence, the name dichlorocarbene for :CCl2. However, names for acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more divalent carbon atoms are derived from the name of the corresponding all-4-hydrocarbon using the suffix -ylidene; methylene carbene also available. carbene : The electrically neutral species H2C(2.) and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state). | 7.46 | 2 | 0 | carbene; methanediyl | |
cyclopropene cyclopropene: structure. cyclopropene : A cycloalkene that consists of cyclopropane having a double bond in the ring. The parent of the class of cyclopropenes. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | cycloalkene; cyclopropenes | |
ramatroban [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
tiglic acid tiglic acid : A 2-methylbut-2-enoic acid having its double bond in trans-configuration.. 2-methylbut-2-enoic acid : A branched-chain fatty acid consisting of 2-butenoic acid having a methyl group at position 2. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 2-methylbut-2-enoic acid | plant metabolite |
dibromobimane dibromobimane : A pyrazolopyrazole that consists of 1H,7H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazole-1,7-dione bearing two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as two bromomethyl substituents at positions 3 and 5. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | organobromine compound; pyrazolopyrazole | fluorochrome |
singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
cycloartane cycloartane : A triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | triterpene | |
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
6-hydroxymellein [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | isochromanes | |
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion | |
eglumetad eglumetad: LY-354740 is the active isomer, LY-366563 is the inactive isomer, and LY 314582 is the racemate; structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid | |
n-phenylacrylamide N-phenylacrylamide: structure in first source | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | ||
tenulin tenulin: toxic constituent of Helenium amarum (bitter sneezeweed); structure | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | sesquiterpene lactone | |
5-hydroxymethylfurfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: has antisickling activity; HMF is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural : A member of the class of furans that is furan which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents, respectively. Virtually absent from fresh foods, it is naturally generated in sugar-containing foods during storage, and especially by drying or cooking. It is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde; furans; primary alcohol | indicator; Maillard reaction product |
propargylamine propargylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
fusicoccin fusicoccin: phytotoxic glycoside from Fusicoccum amydali; structure | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
wortmannin [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent |
2-oxindole 2-oxindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. indolin-2-one : An indolinone carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactam; indolinone | |
piperitenone piperitenone: structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | p-menthadien-3-one | |
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite |
tartaric acid tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid. | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | tartaric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite |
11alpha,13-dihydrohelenalin [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | sesquiterpene lactone | |
vernolepin [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone | |
phenylpropanolamine fawcettimine: from Lyopodium; structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | azaspiro compound | |
sodium arsenite sodium arsenite : An inoganic sodium salt with formula with formula NaAsO2. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | arsenic molecular entity; inorganic sodium salt | antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; herbicide; insecticide; rodenticide |
aconitic acid trans-aconitic acid : The trans-isomer of aconitic acid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aconitic acid | fundamental metabolite |
maleic acid maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | butenedioic acid | algal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | acyl-CoA | acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite |
e-z cinnamic acid cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | cinnamic acid | plant metabolite |
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 3.42 | 7 | 0 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
fumaric acid fumaric acid: see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters. fumaric acid : A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | butenedioic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
pectins Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | D-galactopyranuronic acid | |
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone | calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
2-butenal crotonaldehyde : An enal consisting of propene having a formyl group at the 1-position. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | enal | |
neocarzinostatin chromophore neocarzinostatin chromophore: nonprotein chromophore of neocarzinostatin; antibiotic activity of Neocarzinostatin depends on wholy on chromophore interaction with DNA; Chrom A & Chrom B are separated by HPLC; Chrom C is derived from Chrom A; Chrom D is inactive minor component. neocarzinostatin chromophore : A naphthoate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-naphthoic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of (1aS,5R,6R,6aE,9aR)-5-hydroxy-1a-[(4R)-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-2,3,8,9-tetradehydro-1a,5,6,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[5,6]cyclonona[1,2-b]oxiren-6-yl 2,6-dideoxy-2-(methylamino)-alpha-D-galactopyranoside. The chromophoric part of neocarzinostatin, it is tightly and non-covelently bound to a 113-membered apoprotein, which serves to protect it and release it to the target DNA. | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | cyclopentacyclononaoxirene; D-galactosaminide; dioxolane; monosaccharide derivative; naphthoate ester | antineoplastic agent |
prostaglandin d2 Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer). | 11.77 | 45 | 0 | prostaglandins D | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
iridoids Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent |
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | 3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes | antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent |
methyl cinnamate methyl cinnamate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. methyl cinnamate : A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of methyl cinnamic acid with methanol. It is found naturally in the essential oils of Alpinia and Basil leaf oil, and widely used in the flavor and perfume industries.. methyl trans-cinnamate : The E (trans) isomer of methyl cinnamate. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | methyl cinnamate | antibacterial agent; fungal metabolite; nematicide; plant metabolite |
dimethyl fumarate [no description available] | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | diester; enoate ester; methyl ester | antipsoriatic; immunomodulator |
glycosides [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
ethyl cinnamate ethyl cinnamate: a pine weevil antifeedant; structure in first source | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | alkyl cinnamate; ethyl ester | |
chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chalcone | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor |
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | stilbene | |
diethyl fumarate diethyl fumarate : A dieter obtained by the formal condensation of fumaric acid with ethanol. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diester | metabolite |
dibenzylidene acetone dibenzylidene acetone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
sesquiterpenes [no description available] | 3.47 | 7 | 0 | ||
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
3-(4-methylbenzoyl)acrylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound | |
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
tempo TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aminoxyls; piperidines | catalyst; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
nadp [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 7.75 | 3 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
cystine [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
sodium borohydride sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; metal tetrahydridoborate | |
dimethyl maleate dimethyl maleate: structure. dimethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with methanol. It is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diester; maleate ester; methyl ester | |
diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; maleate ester | glutathione depleting agent |
fraxetin fraxetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; hydroxycoumarin | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; apoptosis inhibitor; Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent |
bilirubin [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 3.53 | 2 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
12-oxophytodienoic acid 12-oxophytodienoic acid: structure given in first source; a jasmonate precursor that induces phytoalexin synthesis | 3.56 | 8 | 0 | carbocyclic fatty acid; olefinic fatty acid; oxo carboxylic acid | |
linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
prostaglandin a2 prostaglandin A2: RN given refers to (5Z,13E,15S)-isomer | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | prostaglandins A | human metabolite |
9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin d2 9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin D2: has potent antineoplastic & weak smooth muscle contracting activities; structure given in first source. prostaglandin J2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins J that consists of prosta-5,9,13-trien-1-oic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 11 and a hydroxy group at position 15 (the 5Z,13E,15S stereoisomer). | 4.62 | 8 | 0 | prostaglandins J | human metabolite |
alpha-linolenic acid linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | linolenic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
jasmonic acid jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | oxo monocarboxylic acid | jasmonates; plant metabolite |
7-hydroxycoumarin 7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | fluorescent probe; food component; plant metabolite |
prostaglandin a1 [no description available] | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | prostaglandins A | |
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | F2-isoprostane | biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
zinostatin Zinostatin: An enediyne that alkylates DNA and RNA like MITOMYCIN does, so it is cytotoxic. | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
9-hydroperoxy-11,12-octadecadienoic acid 9-hydroperoxy-11,12-octadecadienoic acid: RN refers to (E,E)-isomer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; octadecadienoic acid | |
13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: chemorepellant factor which maintains blood vessel wall thromboresistance; RN given refers to unspecified stereoisomer | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | octadecadienoic acid | |
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. | 2 | 1 | 0 | thromboxanes B | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
2-octenal 2-octenal: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-oct-2-enal : The (E)-isomer of oct-2-enal.. oct-2-enal : An enal consisting of oct-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oct-2-enal | antifungal agent; volatile oil component |
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 8.8 | 3 | 0 | 4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal | |
beta-nitrostyrene beta-nitrostyrene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
pactamycin Pactamycin: Antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pactum used as an antineoplastic agent. It is also used as a tool in biochemistry because it inhibits certain steps in protein synthesis. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
cicaprost cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R*,4R*),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer | 2 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin j2 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2: 15-deoxy-PGJ2 is also available; check for double bonds (indicated by delta) at 12 and 14 positions. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 : A prostaglandin J derivative comprising prostaglandin J2 lacking the 15-hydroxy group and having C=C double bonds at the 12- and 14-positions. | 5.68 | 25 | 0 | prostaglandins J | electrophilic reagent; insulin-sensitizing drug; metabolite |
biliverdine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
fosbretabulin fosbretabulin: a microtubule destabilizing agent isolated from Combretum caffrum; structure in first source | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
ethyl fumarate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | metal atom; pnictogen | |
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | micronutrient |
2-pentenal 2-pentenal: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 2-pentenal : An enal consisting of pent-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position. (E)-2-pentenal : A 2-pentenal in which the double bond has (E)-configuration. It is found in cigarette smoke, virgin olive oil, and milk. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 2-pentenal | plant metabolite |
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
boron Boron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | boron group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
arglabin arglabin: a sesquiterpene lactone from the Chinese herb Artemisia myriantha; structure given in first source. arglabin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydroazulen-5-yl group in which the double bond in the 7-membered ring has been epoxidised and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to give the corresponding gamma-lactone. It is found in Artemisia glabella. Arglabin-DMA HCl, the hydrochloride salt of the adduct resulting from the conjugate addition of dimethylamine to the ene-lactone moiety, has been successfully used in Khazakhstan for the treatment of breast, colon, ovarian and lung cancers. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
9-oxo-15-hydroxy-delta 7,10,13-prostatrienoic acid methyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
terpestacin terpestacin: structure given in first source; isolated from Arthrinium; inhibits syncytium (giant cell) formation | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | secondary alcohol | |
rosaprostol rosaprostol: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2 | 1 | 0 | prostanoid | |
ci 940 leptomycin : A complex, very long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acid whose core structure comprises 8-oxononadeca-2,10,12,16,18-pentaenoic acid having methyl substituents at positions 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 and a 3,6-dihydropyran-6-one-2-yl group at position 19. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leptomycin | antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite |
guaiane guaiane: from Artemisia caruifolia; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | sesquiterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
tetraborate tetraborate: RN given refers to ion(2-). borate ion : Any inorganic anion that is formally derived from boric acid. The term includes polymeric anions containing chains of BO3 structural units sharing one oxygen atom (e.g. di-, tri-, and tetraborates) as well as chains or rings sharing two oxygen atoms (e.g. metaborates). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
fr 148083 5Z-7-oxozeaenol : A macrolide that is the 7-oxo derivative of zeaenol (the 5Z stereoisomer). Isolated from Fungi, it exhibits cytotoxic, antibacterial and inhibitory activity against NF-kappaB. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; macrolide; phenols; secondary alcohol; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor |
alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
pyrrocidine a pyrrocidine A: an antifungal antibiotic isolated from Acremonium zeae; structure in first souce | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | D-ribose; ribopyranose | |
linoleic acid hydroperoxide linoleic acid hydroperoxide: RN refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleic acid hydroperoxide : A HPODE that is a mono-hydroperoxy derivative of linoleic acid | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
hexahydroindolinone hexahydroindolinone: structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
sapogenins Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
15-deoxyprostaglandin j2 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2: 15d-PGJ2 abbreviation is also used for 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)PGJ2 | 4.07 | 14 | 0 | ||
1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-(5-oxovaleryl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine having palmitoyl and 5-oxovaleryl groups at the 1- and 2-positions respectively; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; aldehyde | apoptosis inducer |
methyl jasmonate [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
10-nitro-oleic acid 10-nitro-oleic acid: structure in first source. (9E)-10-nitrooctadecenoic acid : A nitro fatty acid that is (9E)-octadec-9-enoic (elaidic) acid substituted by a nitro group at position 10. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; monounsaturated fatty acid; nitro fatty acid | human metabolite |
albaflavenone albaflavenone: an alpha,beta-unsaturated sesquiterpene ketone with a zizaene skeleton; produced by a streptomycete; structure given in first source. albaflavenone : A carbotricyclic compound that is (+)-epi-isozizaene in which the hydrogens at position 5 have been replaced by an oxo group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | carbocyclic antibiotic; carbotricyclic compound; cyclic terpene ketone; enone; sesquiterpenoid | bacterial metabolite |
etheroleic acid etheroleic acid: a divinyl ether; structure given in first source. etheroleic acid : A divinyl ether fatty acid that is (9Z,11E,14E)-nonadeca-9,11,14-trienoic acid in which the methylene group at position 10 has been replaced by oxygen. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | divinyl ether fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid | |
8-iso-prostaglandin a2 8-isoprostaglandin A2: a cyclopentenone isoprostane | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | prostanoid | |
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
resolvin d1 resolvin D1: an anti-inflammatory lipid mediator; structure in first source. resolvin D1 : A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7, 8, and 17 positions (the 7S,8R,17S-stereoisomer). | 3.13 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; resolvin; triol | anti-inflammatory agent |
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
isoascorbic acid isoascorbic acid: food antioxidant; (L)-isomer is ascorbic acid; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure | 2 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid | |
4-hydroxycoumarin 2-hydroxychromone: structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | |
rociletinib rociletinib: inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
osimertinib osimertinib: an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. osimertinib : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2-methoxy-4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl](methyl)amino-5-acrylamidophenyl group. Used (as the mesylate salt) for treatment of EGFR T790M mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acrylamides; aminopyrimidine; biaryl; indoles; monomethoxybenzene; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist |
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|
Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
Experimental Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 6.13 | 13 | 0 |
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 6.13 | 13 | 0 |
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 7.74 | 3 | 0 |
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 7.73 | 3 | 0 |
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 7.05 | 1 | 0 |
Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Leucocythaemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Enlarged Spleen [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Mucorales Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Mucormycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Coronary Restenosis Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Basophilic Leukemia, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Mouth [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
Dermatitis, Contact, Photoallergic [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
Pleurisy INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |