phenylbutazone profile

Phenylbutazone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that was first synthesized in 1947. It is a potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic agent. Phenylbutazone is effective in treating a variety of inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout. It is also used to treat pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders and certain types of cancer. Phenylbutazone exerts its effects by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are inflammatory mediators. It is absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract and has a long duration of action. Phenylbutazone is a highly effective drug, but it can also cause serious side effects, including gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration, and kidney damage. For these reasons, its use is generally reserved for patients with severe inflammatory conditions who have not responded to other treatments. Phenylbutazone is often studied to understand its mechanisms of action, its therapeutic effects, and its potential for adverse effects. Researchers are interested in developing safer and more effective NSAIDs, and phenylbutazone serves as a model compound for these studies. The drug has also been investigated for its potential in treating various other conditions, such as cancer and inflammatory bowel disease.'

Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	4781
CHEBI ID	48574
SCHEMBL ID	3632
MeSH ID	M0016548

Synonym
AC-683
phenylbutazon
MLS002152929
MLS001148412
AB00052071-16
AB00052071-15
1,2-diphenyl-4-butyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione
smr000059073
MLS000069424 ,
1,5-dioxopyrazolidine
reudox
butagesic
fenibutazona
praecirheumin
mephabutazone
busone
tencodyne
3, 4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-
phenyl-mobuzon
azdid
shigrodin
bizolin 200
butadiona
kadol
tetnor
eributazone
diphebuzol
butone
phenyzone
reupolar
anuspiramin
pyrabutol
butazolidin
nsc25134
merizone
mephabutazon
tevcodyne
4-butyl-1,5-pyrazolidinedione
ipsoflame
novophenyl
alindor
neo-zoline
flexazone
component of azolid-a
artrizin
buzon
rubatone
phenylbutaz
nci-c55414
azolid
phebuzin
rectofasa
therazone
reumuzol
intalbut
robizone
arthrizon
phen-buta-vet
butazina
nsc-25134
elmedal
butalidon
1,3-dioxo-4-n-butylpyrazoline
benzone
a 7514
butacote
ia-but
buvetzone
4-butyl-1,5-dione
phenylbutazonum
butiwas-simple
febuzina
ticinil
reumasyl
3,2-diphenyl-4-n-butylpyrazolidine
butapyrazole
antadol
azobutyl
ecobutazone
nadazone
vac-10
butazolidine
fenilidina
alqoverin
fenibutal
bute
reumune
wescozone
todalgil
butapirazol
diphenylbutazone
fenilbutazona
butaluy
scanbutazone
artrizone
lingel
butazona
g 13,871
butalgina
r-3-zon
butylpyrin
bunetzone
anpuzone
malgesic
buta phen
tazone
fenylbutazon
3,2-diphenyl-4-n-butyl-pyrazolidin
reumazin
butacompren
butartrina
1,5-dioxo-4-butylpyrazolidine
robizon-v
zolaphen
butartril
fenibutol
chembutazone
butaphen
fenartil
nadozone
phebuzine
zolidinum
butoz
betazed
4-butyl-1,5-dioxopyrazolidine
butidiona
reumazol
diossidone
fenilbutina
pyrazolidin
reudo
equi bute
phenopyrine
pirarreumol 'b'
butadion
fenibutasan
intrazone
uzone
butapirazole
fenotone
b.t.z.
wln: t5vnnv ehj br& cr& e4
anerval
'esteve'
schemergin
intrabutazone
fenilbutine
alkabutazona
digibutina
phenbutazol
diozol
artropan
usaf ge-15
butarecbon
KBIO1_000331
DIVK1C_000331
4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione
exrheudon n
fenilbutazone [dcit]
bizolin
butadionum
hsdb 3159
schemergen
phenylbutazon [german]
fenilbutazona [inn-spanish]
esteve
brn 0290080
4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxopyrazolidine
robizone-v
nci-c56531
ccris 2374
phenylbutazonum [inn-latin]
nsc 25134
1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-4-butylpyrazolidine
g 13871
3,5-dioxo-1,2-diphenyl-4-n-butyl-pyrazolidin
einecs 200-029-0
3,5-dioxe-4 buty-1, diphenyl-pyrazolidine
pirarreumol b
fenilbutazon
da-192
equipalazone
1,2-diphenyl-4-butyl-3,5-dioxopyrazolidine
EU-0100993
SPECTRUM_001079
NCGC00015846-01
lopac-p-8386
UNM000001255503
LOPAC0_000993
NCGC00181112-01
SPECTRUM5_001335
BSPBIO_002369
OPREA1_416494
IDI1_000331
4-butyl-1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione
inchi=1/c19h20n2o2/c1-2-3-14-17-18(22)20(15-10-6-4-7-11-15)21(19(17)23)16-12-8-5-9-13-16/h4-13,17h,2-3,14h2,1h
3,5-pyrazolidinedione, 4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-
NCGC00023855-03
phenylbutazone
50-33-9
C07440
p1z ,
4-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
phenbutazone
DB00812
3,5-dioxo-1,2-diphenyl-4-n-butylpyrazolidine
4-n-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione
phenylbutazone (jp17/usp/inn)
azolid (tn)
D00510
NCGC00023855-08
NCGC00023855-06
NCGC00023855-05
KBIO2_006695
KBIO3_001589
KBIO2_004127
KBIOSS_001559
KBIOGR_000954
KBIO2_001559
SPECTRUM4_000477
SPECTRUM3_000675
SPBIO_001283
NINDS_000331
SPECTRUM2_001282
SPECTRUM1500482
SR-01000000004-4
phenyl butazone
NCGC00023855-04
NCGC00023855-07
NCGC00015846-02
STK388348
NCGC00015846-06
HMS2090H17
P 8386 ,
HMS2091P08
P1686 ,
NCGC00015846-12
AKOS001592731
chebi:48574 ,
butatron
g-13871
phenyzene
mepha-butazon
HMS501A13
HMS1920H06
NCGC00015846-11
NCGC00015846-10
HMS3263G07
cas-50-33-9
NCGC00256449-01
dtxsid9021136 ,
tox21_302763
dtxcid601136
NCGC00259358-01
tox21_201809
A828072
nsc-757272
nsc757272
pharmakon1600-01500482
tox21_110242
tox21_110243
HMS2233B13
CCG-39220
NCGC00015846-04
NCGC00015846-13
NCGC00015846-08
NCGC00015846-03
NCGC00015846-07
NCGC00015846-09
NCGC00015846-05
BCPP000108
fenilbutazone
unii-gn5p7k3t8s
phenylbutazone [usp:inn:ban:jan]
gn5p7k3t8s ,
FT-0603217
LP00993
AG-205/04675049
phenylbutazone [orange book]
phenylbutazone [mart.]
suxibuzone impurity a [ep impurity]
phenylbutazone [iarc]
phenylbutazone [who-dd]
phenylbutazone [usp-rs]
phenylbutazone [jan]
phenylbutazone [hsdb]
phenylbutazone [inn]
phenylbutazone [usp monograph]
phenylbutazone [green book]
phenylbutazone [mi]
phenylbutazone [ep monograph]
phenylbutazone [vandf]
EPITOPE ID:124940
S1654
gtpl7270
HMS3369P16
HY-B0230
SCHEMBL3632
NCGC00015846-15
tox21_110242_1
KS-5127
1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-4-butyl-pyrazolidine
1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-4-n-butyl-pyrazolidine
NCGC00261678-01
tox21_500993
W-105972
1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-4-n-butylpyrazolidine
phen-buta
component of azolid-a (salt/mix)
alkazone
HMS3649M17
AB00052071_17
AB00052071_18
OPERA_ID_888
mfcd00005500
phenylbutazone, tracecert(r), certified reference material
phenylbutazone, analytical standard
Z57355370
sr-01000000004
SR-01000000004-2
phenylbutazone, saj special grade, >=99.0%
phenylbutazone, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
HMS3651G15
phenylbutazone, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
SR-01000000004-9
SR-01000000004-5
SBI-0050966.P004
HMS3715E21
SW199456-2
Q421342
50-33-9 (free form)
4297-92-1
phenylbutazone (butazolidin, butatron)
SR-01000000004-13
BCP02607
BRD-K10843433-001-12-8
BRD-K10843433-001-20-1
EN300-126733
SDCCGSBI-0050966.P005
HMS3884C06
NCGC00015846-27
phenogel
BP166190

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is a potent mon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used commonly in performance horses. "	( Phenylbutazone blood and urine concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and effects on biomarkers of inflammation in horses following intravenous and oral administration of clinical doses. Arthur, RM; Hamamoto-Hardman, B; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2019)	3.4
"Phenylbutazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug licensed for use in horses to treat musculoskeletal disorders. "	( Investigation of the role of environmental contamination in the occurrence of residues of the veterinary drug phenylbutazone in cattle. Barnes, P; Crooks, SR; Fodey, TL; Smyth, WG, 2017)	2.11
"Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of chronic pain and arthritis. "	( Enhancement of transdermal delivery of phenylbutazone from liposomal gel formulations through deer skin. Brown, SC; Cox, E; Duran, SH; Jayachandra Babu, R; Jean Lin, YJ; Jones, K; Parsons, DL; Phillip Lee, YH; Portman, EM; Ravis, WR; Schumacher, J; Stahl, R, 2009)	2.06
"Phenylbutazone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that was commonly prescribed for the treatment of arthritic conditions; it is no longer available for use in humans because of its numerous side effects, including aplastic anemia. "	( Misuse of veterinary phenylbutazone. Carpenter, SL; McDonnell, WM, 1995)	2.05
"Phenylbutazone is an anti-inflammatory drug with numerous side-effects that restrict its clinical use. "	( Oxidative damage to lipids and alpha 1-antiproteinase by phenylbutazone in the presence of haem proteins: protection by ascorbic acid. Cecchini, R; Evans, PJ; Halliwell, B, 1992)	1.97
"Phenylbutazone is a potent nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drug often used by veterinarians to treat racetrack animals. "	( Poisoning with equine phenylbutazone in a racetrack worker. Newton, TA; Rose, SR, 1991)	2.04
"Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) that is not commonly prescribed due to the high incidence of serious adverse reactions. "	( Horse pill ("bute") hemorrhage. Cohen, ML; Davis, M; Gogel, HK; Ming, RH; Pitcher, JL, 1988)	1.72
"Phenylbutazone is an acidic, lipophilic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). "	( Phenylbutazone in the horse: a review. Blake, JW; Chay, S; Kamerling, S; Lees, P; Tobin, T; Weckman, TJ; Woods, WE, 1986)	3.16

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Phenylbutazone has been shown to alter GI barrier function both in vitro and ex vivo, but its effects on barrier function have not been assessed in vivo."	( Effects of phenylbutazone alone or in combination with a nutritional therapeutic on gastric ulcers, intestinal permeability, and fecal microbiota in horses. Bradbery, A; Chamoun-Emanuelli, AM; Cohen, ND; Coleman, MC; DeSolis, CN; Much, M; Sowinski, R; Tetrault, T; Whitfield-Cargile, CM, 2021)	1.73
"Phenylbutazone has been reported to produce several forms of hepatic injury. "	( Phenylbutazone liver injury: a clinical-pathologic survey of 23 cases and review of the literature. Benjamin, SB; Grushka, A; Ishak, KG; Zimmerman, HJ, )	3.02
"Phenylbutazone has been associated with bioavailability problems and has shown nonclassical behavior in phase-transport studies. "	( Phenylbutazone ionization kinetics. Pipkin, JD; Stella, VJ, 1976)	3.14
"Phenylbutazone has been shown to modify the physiologic disposition of warfarin in the dog. "	( Effect of phenylbutazone on the metabolic disposition of warfarin in the dog. Bachmann, KA; Burkman, AM; Feller, DR, 1976)	2.1

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"10 Phenylbutazone may cause liver injury and other analgesics can cause hypersensitivity reactions in which the liver is involved."	( Hepatotoxicity of mild analgesics. Prescott, LF, 1980)	0.78
"Phenylbutazone induced a 49% increase in the rate of gentamicin return to the central compartment from peripheral tissues (k21) (P < 0.05) and there was a trend to a 24% increase in k12 (P = 0.052)."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between repeated dose phenylbutazone and gentamicin in the horse. Firth, EC; Hodge, H; Turner, K; Whittem, T, 1996)	1.27

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Phenylbutazone treatment caused neutropenia (< 3.0 x 10(3) cells/microL)."	( Pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon in horses. Hubert, JD; McConnico, RS; Moore, RM; Morgan, TW; Williams, CC, 2008)	1.36
"Phenylbutazone pretreatment significantly decreased the pentobarbitone sleeping time."	( Uterotropic effect of clofibrate and phenylbutazone in immature female rats. Biswas, AR; Chandra, D; Thulasimany, M, )	1.13
"Phenylbutazone pretreatment increases tolbutamide half-life, whereas tolbutamide pretreatment decreases phenylbutazone half-life in man. "	( Interaction of phenylbutazone and tolbutamide in man. Gachályi, B; Káldor, A; Szita, M; Tornyossy, M, 1980)	2.06
"Phenylbutazone treatment of phagocytes would be a good experimental model to study intraphagocytic killing by drugs in situations where the oxidative mechanisms of neutrophils are impaired (for example AIDS and chronic granulomatous disease)."	( Intraphagocytic killing of gram-positive bacteria by ciprofloxacin. Cantón, E; Gobernado, M; Hernández, MT; Pemán, J, 1994)	1.01
"Phenylbutazone-treated horses had a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum total protein and albumin concentrations."	( Comparison of adverse effects of phenylbutazone, flunixin meglumine, and ketoprofen in horses. Borne, AT; MacAllister, CG; Morgan, SJ; Pollet, RA, 1993)	1.29
"Only phenylbutazone treatment reduced lameness, joint temperature, and synovial fluid volume."	( Effects of pretreatment with ketoprofen and phenylbutazone on experimentally induced synovitis in horses. Kamerling, SG; Keowen, ML; Owens, JG; Prescott-Mathews, JS; Stanton, SR, 1996)	1.01
"Phenylbutazone treatment resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher heart rates and right atrial pressures during exertion than did treatment with placebo, which may have been due to increased myocardial sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation and/or decreased venous compliance."	( Phenylbutazone increases right atrial pressure and heart rate of running horses. Hinchcliff, KW; Mitten, LA; Pate, JL, 1996)	2.46
"On phenylbutazone treatment, however, there were significantly greater numbers of, and more serious, side-effects (especially dyspeptic symptoms and fluid retention) than on tolfenamic acid treatment."	( A comparative clinical study of a new antirheumatic agent, tolfenamic acid (Clotam), and phenylbutazone in rheumatoid arthritis. Nyfos, L, 1979)	1
"Phenylbutazone treatment had no effect on the renal damage induced by C."	( Effects of drugs on mushroom poisoning induced in the rat by Cortinarius speciosissimus. Nieminen, L, 1976)	0.98
"Phenylbutazone treatment increased the potency of DPH in terms of dose and total drug concentration but did not affect the potency of unbound DPH."	( Diphenylhydantoin potency and plasma protein binding. Azarnoff, DL; Shoeman, DW, 1975)	0.98
"oral phenylbutazone treatment over the next 3 years allowed the stallion to continue its show career."	( Arthroscopic removal of a palmar radial osteochondroma causing carpal canal syndrome in a horse. Adams, SB; Coatney, RW; Habig, C; Squire, KR; Widmer, WR, 1992)	0.74
"Treatment with phenylbutazone (nonselective COX inhibitor) decreases the diuretic and natriuretic effects of furosemide by nearly 30% but the effects of COX-2 specific inhibitors (firocoxib) and atypical NSAIDs (dipyrone) are unknown."	( Effects of phenylbutazone, firocoxib, and dipyrone on the diuretic response to furosemide in horses. Colbath, AC; Schott, HC; White, JM, )	0.87
"Treatment with phenylbutazone induced significant reduction in synovial fluid prostaglandin E2 concentration, compared with DLC and no treatment."	( Evaluation of topically administered diclofenac liposomal cream for treatment of horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis. Frisbie, DD; Kawcak, CE; McIlwraith, CW; Pearce, GL; Werpy, NM, 2009)	0.69
"Pretreatment by phenylbutazone did not alter the mortality rate but reduced the severity of pancreatitis as was demonstrated by histological quantification (total score 13.35 +/- 0.80 in treated rats versus 17.67 +/- 0.69 in the control group; P less than 0.01)."	( The effect of phenylbutazone on acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in the rat. De Muylder, C; Delloye, C; Hancotte-Lahaye, C; Louagie, Y; Mairy, Y, )	0.83
"Treatment with phenylbutazone caused a significant decrease in TT4 and FT4 concentrations (P < .05)."	( Duration of effects of phenylbutazone on serum total thyroxine and free thyroxine concentrations in horses. Bueno, AC; Mirza, T; Moore, RM; Mora, F; Ramirez, S; Wolfsheimer, KJ, )	0.78
"Pretreatment with phenylbutazone reduced the severity of pancreatitis, both biochemically and histologically (total score 6.0 +/- 1.52 in the test group vs 8.33 +/- 1.80 in the control group; p less than 0.01)."	( Effect of phenylbutazone on acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in dogs. Arora, N; Chouhan, I; Mathur, SN; Vanjani, R, 1989)	1
"Pretreatment with phenylbutazone (2 mg/kg) attenuated the effects of endotoxin and was associated with a brief, early, significant increase in plasma TxB2 concentrations, but not in plasma 6-keto PGF1 alpha concentrations."	( Modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism in endotoxic horses: comparison of flunixin meglumine, phenylbutazone, and a selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. Hardee, GE; Hardee, MM; Moore, JN, 1986)	0.81

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Thiazolinobutazone was the less toxic (acute LD50) and the less ulcerogenic molecule of the two and, in contrast to phenylbutazone, was not antidiuretic."	( Pharmacological properties of thiazolinobutazone (LAS 11 871). III. General pharmacology, ulcerogenic effects and acute toxicity. Colombo, M; Márquez, M; Roberts, DJ, 1976)	0.46
" This relatively little known side effect of these drugs on the lower intestinal tract is apparently not rare."	( [Side effects of non-steroidal antirheumatic agents on the lower intestinal tract]. Filippini, L; Ritschard, T, 1986)	0.27
" It was found that compounds with polar substituents at the 2 or 3 position of the ring system are less acutely toxic while maintaining antiinflammatory activity."	( Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles. Ariyan, ZS; Fogt, SW; Heilman, RD; Matthews, RJ; Powers, LJ; Rippin, DJ, 1981)	0.26
" 6 Following overdosage of paracetamol, a toxic intermediate metabolite causes acute hepatic necrosis which may be fatal."	( Hepatotoxicity of mild analgesics. Prescott, LF, 1980)	0.26
" No direct treatment-related adverse effects were detected during the study."	( Comparison of efficacy and safety of paste formulations of firocoxib and phenylbutazone in horses with naturally occurring osteoarthritis. Alva, R; Bertone, AL; Doucet, MY; Hanson, PD; Hendrickson, D; Hughes, F; Kunkle, B; Macallister, C; McClure, S; Reinemeyer, C; Romano, D; Rossier, Y; Sifferman, R; Vrins, AA; White, G, 2008)	0.58
" An understanding of structure-activity relationships (SARs) of chemicals can make a significant contribution to the identification of potential toxic effects early in the drug development process and aid in avoiding such problems."	( Developing structure-activity relationships for the prediction of hepatotoxicity. Fisk, L; Greene, N; Naven, RT; Note, RR; Patel, ML; Pelletier, DJ, 2010)	0.36
"To evaluate the adverse effects of flunixin, ketoprofen and phenylbutazone when administered I/V to clinically normal miniature donkeys."	( A comparative study on the adverse effects of flunixin, ketoprofen and phenylbutazone in miniature donkeys: haematological, biochemical and pathological findings. Alinejad, A; Derakhshanfar, A; Morovati, M; Mozaffari, AA, 2010)	0.84
"The gastrointestinal, hepatic and renal lesions observed in the donkeys treated with NSAID demonstrated the toxic potential of NSAID, which was greatest for animals treated with phenylbutazone, less for flunixin, and least for ketoprofen."	( A comparative study on the adverse effects of flunixin, ketoprofen and phenylbutazone in miniature donkeys: haematological, biochemical and pathological findings. Alinejad, A; Derakhshanfar, A; Morovati, M; Mozaffari, AA, 2010)	0.79
" In addition, the generation 3 PAMAM dendrimer is at least 50-fold less toxic than generation 4 PPI dendrimer on MCF-7 and A549 cell lines."	( Comparison of generation 3 polyamidoamine dendrimer and generation 4 polypropylenimine dendrimer on drug loading, complex structure, release behavior, and cytotoxicity. Cheng, Y; Hu, J; Shao, N; Su, Y; Zhang, H; Zhang, J, 2011)	0.37
"The following study evaluates the overt toxic potential of carprofen (CRP), flunixin (FXN) and phenylbutazone (PBZ) in Old world vultures in relation to historic toxicity data for diclofenac and ketoprofen, with the Cape vulture (Gyps coprotheres) being the indicator species."	( The Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Carprofen, Flunixin and Phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) following Oral Exposure. Cromarty, D; Duncan, N; Fourie, T; Naidoo, V; Wolter, K, 2015)	0.88

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" From these observations it is concluded that a specific pharmacokinetic behaviour of acidic NSAID leading to high concentrations in inflamed tissue is a decisive aspect of their anti-inflammatory action."	( Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in vivo by nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs: evidence for the importance of pharmacokinetics. Brune, K; Glatt, M; Graf, P, 1976)	0.26
" After 3 mo of oral steroid therapy (Norinyl, 2 mg; norethindrone + mestranol), the antipyrine half-life was increased in 3 of 6 subjects, phenylbutazone half-life was not consistently altered, and vitamin D3 half-life was increased in 3 of 4 patients."	( Effect of oral contraceptives on plasma clearance. Bressler, R; Carter, DE; Christian, D; Haussler, MR; Heine, MW; Hughes, MR, 1975)	0.46
" Due to different pharmacokinetic properties of the metabolites, the C-glucuronides are detected in highest concentrations in the urine, while the pharmacologically active compounds oxyphenbutazone and gamma-hydroxyphenbutazone predominate in plasma."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone. Aarbakke, J, )	0.42
"The pharmacodynamic interaction between phenybutazone and aspirin was studied in 9 patients."	( [Interaction of salicyl compounds and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: pharmacokinetic study of phenylbutazone-aspirin combination in man]. Faure, G; Gaucher, A; Maillard, A; Netter, P; Pourel, J; Royer, RJ; Tamisier, JN, 1976)	0.47
" Significant difference was not apparent in the pharmacokinetic values of flunixin meglumine with and without concurrent probenecid administration."	( Effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and phenylbutazone in healthy mares. Brown, MP; Gronwall, R; Merritt, K; Zertuche, JM, 1992)	0.52
" The harmonic mean of the biologic half-life of PBZ was 62."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone given intravenously or orally in mature Holstein bulls. Boudinot, FD; Knight, AP; Smith, JA; Williams, RJ, 1990)	0.6
" The harmonic mean +/- pseudo-SD of the biologic half-life of PBZ was 61."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in mature Holstein bulls: steady-state kinetics after multiple oral dosing. Boudinot, FD; Knight, AP; Smith, JA; Williams, RJ, 1990)	0.6
" The pharmacokinetic data derived from 1-month-old calves revealed a longer persistence (elimination half-lives twice as long, total body clearance 40-50% lower) of PBZ in the body than in the other two groups of calves aged 3-6 months."	( Age-dependent pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Kozjek, F; Nouws, JF; Primozic, S; van Ginneken, CA; Volner, Z, 1990)	0.56
" It was found that in all variants of the liver denervation there occurs an increase of the period of half-life and a decrease of clearance of the drugs."	( [Pharmacokinetic characteristics of drug substance in liver denervation]. Ashirmetov, AKh; Krakovskiĭ, ME, )	0.13
" Such changes in pharmacokinetic behavior were not observed in dogs and rats."	( Effect of phenylbutazone on serum protein binding and pharmacokinetic behavior of sulfadimethoxine in rabbits, dogs and rats. Imamura, Y; Nakamura, H; Otagiri, M, 1989)	0.68
" These pharmacokinetic experiments were repeated 10 days later to determine the effect of time after implantation on tissue-chamber distribution."	( Subcutaneously implanted tissue chambers--a pharmacokinetic study. Bourne, DW; Clarke, CR; Short, CR; Usenik, EA, 1989)	0.28
" Following intravenous injection plasma disposition was described by a three compartment open model with mean elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) and clearance (ClB) values of 35."	( Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and excretion of phenylbutazone in cattle following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration. Ayliffe, T; Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1988)	0.53
" It was found that the half-life of all the drugs increased and plasma clearance decreased."	( [Pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs in experimental splenectomy]. Ashirmetov, AKh; Krakovskiĭ, ME, )	0.13
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly different after morning dosing in comparison with afternoon dosing."	( Absorption and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in Welsh Mountain ponies. Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1986)	0.55
"Various pharmacokinetic parameters--disposition half-life, t1/2,z, metabolic clearance CLm, volume of distribution V, intrinsic clearance of unbound drug CLuint, and unbound volume of distribution of tissues (distributive tissue volume/fraction of drug in tissue unbound, VT/fuT--are compared in rat and human for nine weakly acidic drugs, phenytoin, hexobarbital, pentobarbital, phenylbutazone, warfarin, tolbutamide, valproate, phenobarbital, and amobarbital, and six weakly basic drugs, quinidine, chlorpromazine, propranolol, pentazocin, antipyrine, and diazepam."	( Prediction of the disposition of nine weakly acidic and six weakly basic drugs in humans from pharmacokinetic parameters in rats. Hanano, M; Iga, T; Sawada, Y; Sugiyama, Y, 1985)	0.44
"The difference between mofebutazone and phenylbutazone is shown by means of toxicological, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies as well as by the protein binding."	( [Pharmacology, toxicology and pharmacokinetics of mofebutazone]. Graul, EH; Knoell, HE; Loew, D; Schuster, O, )	0.4
" There was no relationship between the injection time and the both parameters: half-life and time required to reach the forensic level of 4 micrograms/ml."	( [Chronopharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in the horse. Application to antidoping control]. Courtot, D; Doron, P; Guyot, JL; Jaussaud, P, 1985)	0.57
"The advantages and limitations of the 2 most commonly used methods to investigate interindividual pharmacokinetic variations are reviewed."	( Assessment of methods to identify sources of interindividual pharmacokinetic variations. Penno, MB; Vesell, ES, )	0.13
"The pharmacokinetic profile of bromophenol blue (I) in the plasma, urine, and bile of beagle dogs was determined after intravenous administration of 5-, 20-, and 30-mg/kg doses."	( Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and hepatobiliary transport of bromophenol blue in the beagle. Pearlman, RS; Wills, RJ; Yakatan, GJ, 1984)	0.27
" The elimination half-life was significantly shorter and plasma clearance accelerated in undernourished patients who had significant weight deficit and low serum albumin concentration."	( The effect of malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone. Krishnaswamy, K; Naidu, NA; Ushasri, V, )	0.38
" The mean elimination half-life was 77 hr (54-99 hr), and there was a linear relationship between the dose and the area under the plasma concentration curve."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in healthy subjects after oral administration of single and multiple doses. Caudal, F; Colussi, D; Massias, P; Schoeller, JP; Sioufi, A, 1980)	0.58
" Five pharmacodynamic end-points were regularly measured after test article injection using standardized procedures: local skin temperature, stride length, the rest angle flexion and the maximal carpal flexion of the injured leg and circumference of the inflamed joint."	( Plasma concentrations and therapeutic efficacy of phenylbutazone and flunixin meglumine in the horse: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling. Alvinerie, M; Autefage, A; Legrand, C; Toutain, PL, 1994)	0.54
" Pharmacokinetic variables were calculated, using 1- and 2-compartment open models."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in neonatal foals. Crisman, MV; Gerken, DF; Sams, RA; Wilcke, JR, 1993)	0.61
" Pharmacokinetic variables calculated for each drug when given alone and in combination were similar to those reported."	( Effects of concurrent administration of phenylbutazone and flunixin meglumine on pharmacokinetic variables and in vitro generation of thromboxane B2 in mares. Ashcraft, SM; Harris, ON; Sams, RA; Semrad, SD, 1993)	0.55
" The elimination half-life (t 1/2 beta) of PBZ decreased from 120 h in the 1-day-old to 16 h in the adult goats."	( The effect of age on phenylbutazone pharmacokinetics, metabolism and plasma protein binding in goats. Eltom, SE; Guard, CL; Schwark, WS, 1993)	0.6
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using model-dependent formulae."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between repeated dose phenylbutazone and gentamicin in the horse. Firth, EC; Hodge, H; Turner, K; Whittem, T, 1996)	0.55
" The serum concentration-time curve for each horse and donkey was analyzed separately to estimate model-independent pharmacokinetic variables."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in clinically normal horses and donkeys. Matthews, NS; Mealey, KL; Peck, KE; Ray, AC; Taylor, TS, 1997)	0.58
"Significant differences were found in several pharmacokinetic variables of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in horses, compared with donkeys."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in clinically normal horses and donkeys. Matthews, NS; Mealey, KL; Peck, KE; Ray, AC; Taylor, TS, 1997)	0.81
" Mean +/- SEM elimination half-life was 13."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in camels. Abdel Hadi, AH; Boni, NS; Wasfi, IA; Zorob, O, 1997)	0.62
"The elimination half-life and total body clearance of phenylbutazone in camels are intermediate between reported values in horses and cattle."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in camels. Abdel Hadi, AH; Boni, NS; Wasfi, IA; Zorob, O, 1997)	0.87
" time data were analysed by non-linear least squares regression analysis to determine pharmacokinetic parameter estimates."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intragastric cimetidine in horses. I. Effects of intravenous cimetidine on pharmacokinetics of intravenous phenylbutazone. Ashcraft, SM; Dyke, TM; Gerken, DF; Reed, SM; Sams, RA, 1997)	0.5
" Pharmacokinetic parameters of total and free phenylbutazone in plasma were calculated using a non compartmental method."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in plasma and milk of lactating dairy cows. Baker, J; Cullison, R; De Veau, EJ; Pedersoli, W, 1998)	0.88
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two suxibuzone oral dosage forms in horses. Gonzalez, F; Jaraiz, V; Rodriguez, C; San Andres, MD; San Andres, MI, 1999)	0.3
" The serum concentration-time curve for each donkey was analyzed separately to estimate model-independent pharmacokinetic variables."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in miniature donkeys. Matthews, NS; Mealey, KL; Peck, KE; Taylor, TS, 2001)	0.63
" Oxyphenbutazone appeared rapidly in the serum; time to peak concentration ranged from 13 to 41 minutes (mean, 26."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in miniature donkeys. Matthews, NS; Mealey, KL; Peck, KE; Taylor, TS, 2001)	0.63
" Pharmacokinetic parameters of total and free phenylbutazone in plasma were calculated using a noncompartmental method."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in beef steers. Baker, J; Cullison, R; de Veau, IF; Pedersoli, W, 2002)	0.9
"4 mg/kg in a three-period cross-over study incorporating a placebo treatment to establish its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.58
"7%) and a prolongation of the elimination half-life of penicillin (17."	( Effect of Tomanol on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of penicillin G in dairy cows. Hekman, P; Nouws, JF; van Ginneken, CA, 1982)	0.26
" The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of muscle damage on the pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug delivered into the muscle using an alternative, noninvasive method."	( Simultaneous and minimally invasive assessment of muscle tolerance and bioavailability of different volumes of an intramuscular formulation in the same animals. Braun, JP; Cazaux, J; Ferre, PJ; Laroute, V; Lefebvre, HP; Toutain, PL, 2006)	0.33
"The pharmacokinetic parameters of phenylbutazone were determined in 18 elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus) after single-dose oral administration of 2, 3, and 4 mg/kg phenylbutazone, as well as multiple-dose administrations with a 4-wk washout period between trials."	( Pharmacokinetics of orally administered phenylbutazone in African and Asian elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus). Bechert, U; Bendas, E; Christensen, JM; Neelkant, R; Nguyen, C, 2008)	0.89
" The development of NSAIDs having safer therapeutic profile depends on the better understanding of their mechanisms, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties."	( Self-organizing molecular field analysis of NSAIDs: assessment of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties using 3D-QSPkR approach. Kumar, M; Sinha, VR; Thareja, S, 2012)	0.38
"2 hours (Tmax) respectively and a half-life of elimination of 13."	( The Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Carprofen, Flunixin and Phenylbutazone in the Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) following Oral Exposure. Cromarty, D; Duncan, N; Fourie, T; Naidoo, V; Wolter, K, 2015)	0.66
" Blood samples were collected at various times, concentrations of MCBL and PBZ measured using LC-MS/MS and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated using compartmental analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics of methocarbamol and phenylbutazone in exercised Thoroughbred horses. Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, KN; Stanley, SD, 2016)	0.71
" The objectives of the current study were to describe blood and urine concentrations and the pharmacokinetics of PBZ and its metabolites following intravenous (IV) and oral administration and to describe the duration of pharmacodynamic effect."	( Phenylbutazone blood and urine concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and effects on biomarkers of inflammation in horses following intravenous and oral administration of clinical doses. Arthur, RM; Hamamoto-Hardman, B; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2019)	1.96
" A common practice in racetrack medicine in the USA is to administer the two drugs within close proximity (24 hours apart) of each other, raising the concern of pharmacokinetic interactions and enhanced anti-inflammatory effects."	( Pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine as a sole agent and in combination with phenylbutazone in exercised Thoroughbred horses. Arthur, RM; Baden, RW; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2021)	0.83
" Concentrations of FM, PBZ and eicosanoids were measured using LC-MS/MS and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis performed on concentration data."	( Pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine as a sole agent and in combination with phenylbutazone in exercised Thoroughbred horses. Arthur, RM; Baden, RW; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2021)	0.83
" No other differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were noted between groups."	( Pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine as a sole agent and in combination with phenylbutazone in exercised Thoroughbred horses. Arthur, RM; Baden, RW; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2021)	0.83

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"1, 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml), phenylbutazone (1000 microgram/ml) and acetylsalicylic acid (25, 250, 2500 microgram/ml) alone, and combined with 10 mg/ml of ofloxacin on the respiratory burst."	( [Effect of anti-inflammatory drugs, alone and combined with ofloxacin, on the respiratory burst of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes]. Cabrera, E; Cantón, E; Martínez, P; Orero, A; Velert, MM, 2001)	0.62
"High-throughput characterization of drug-drug interactions in plasma protein binding was demonstrated by using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor."	( Rapid characterization of drug-drug interaction in plasma protein binding using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Kuroda, Y; Saito, M; Sakai, H; Yamaoka, T, 2008)	0.35
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."	( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)	0.38
"Twelve Thoroughbred exercised horses received 500 mg FM IV alone or in combination with 2 g of IV PBZ 24 hours later."	( Pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine as a sole agent and in combination with phenylbutazone in exercised Thoroughbred horses. Arthur, RM; Baden, RW; Kass, PH; Knych, HK; McKemie, DS; Seminoff, K, 2021)	0.83

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Phenylbutazone has been associated with bioavailability problems and has shown nonclassical behavior in phase-transport studies."	( Phenylbutazone ionization kinetics. Pipkin, JD; Stella, VJ, 1976)	3.14
"The rate of absorption of phenylbutazone from pyrazinobutazone (Ranoroc/Carudol) capsules is distinctly lower than that from phenylbutazone capsules."	( The pharmacokinetic profile of pyrazinobutazone in man. Lohmann, H; O'sváth, J; von Bruchhausen, V, 1978)	0.56
"The relative bioavailability of enteric-coated, and commercially available sugar-coated tablets of phenylbutazone (PBZ) was studied in eight healthy volunteers."	( Bioavailability evaluation of an enteric-coated phenylbutazone formulation, and cross-over comparison with a sugar-coated product. Eckert, G; Triggs, EJ; Whyatt, PL, 1977)	0.73
" When phenylbutazone was administered together with salicylates a decrease in the bioavailability of phenylbutazone was demonstrated, but there was no significant variation in the absorption and elimination constants or in the half-life."	( [Interaction of salicyl compounds and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: pharmacokinetic study of phenylbutazone-aspirin combination in man]. Faure, G; Gaucher, A; Maillard, A; Netter, P; Pourel, J; Royer, RJ; Tamisier, JN, 1976)	0.95
" The drug was well absorbed from the GI tract when administered in the solution used in pharmacological assays."	( Flumizole, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Bettis, JW; McIlhenny, HM; Wiseman, EH, 1975)	0.25
"Phenylbutazone bioavailability from an enteric-coated formulation (Butacote) has been studied in normal volunteers following ingestion of a single 200 mg dose with water, aluminium hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate."	( The effects of antacids on the absorption of enteric-coated phenylbutazone (butacote). Downie, WW; Lowe, JR; Pickup, ME, 1977)	1.94
"The period of time after administration over which blood level measurements are required to obtain a reliable bioavailability comparison of two or more formulations of the same drug was considered by the analysis of bioavailability data taken from the literature."	( Comparative bioavailabilities from truncated blood level curves. Lovering, EG; McGilveray, IJ; McMillan, I; Tostowaryk, W, 1975)	0.25
" Mean bioavailability was 73 +/- 2% after oral administration."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone given intravenously or orally in mature Holstein bulls. Boudinot, FD; Knight, AP; Smith, JA; Williams, RJ, 1990)	0.6
" The relative bioavailability of phenylbutazone was determined in Newzealand rabbits."	( In-vitro and in-vivo correlation of enhancement of dissolution rate of water insoluble drugs. al-Meshal, MA, 1990)	0.56
"5 h in the rat and bioavailability was nearly complete."	( Chemistry and pharmacological properties of the pyridine-3-sulfonylurea derivative torasemide. Delarge, J, 1988)	0.27
" Under optimal conditions, the bioavailability of oral phenylbutazone is probably in the region of 70%."	( Phenylbutazone in the horse: a review. Blake, JW; Chay, S; Kamerling, S; Lees, P; Tobin, T; Weckman, TJ; Woods, WE, 1986)	1.96
" Bioavailability was estimated to be approximately 69% in fed and 78% in unfed ponies."	( Absorption and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in Welsh Mountain ponies. Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1986)	0.55
"4 mg/kg bodyweight) of phenylbutazone was administered intravenously and orally to six Welsh mountain ponies to provide data on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the drug."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in two age groups of ponies: a preliminary study. Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1985)	0.9
"The influence of aluminium hydroxide (given as a suspension, Aludrox) on the oral bioavailability of feprazone was tested."	( The influence of aluminium hydroxide on the bioavailability of feprazone. Single dose study. Mutschler, E; Spahn, H, 1985)	0.27
" Phenylbutazone, aspirin and indomethacin were all well absorbed after oral administration, and the resultant plasma drug concentrations were closely similar to those produced when the drugs were administered intraperitoneally."	( Factors influencing the inhibitory action of anti-inflammatory drugs on carrageenin induced oedema. Green, AY; Green, D; Murray, PA; Wilson, AB, 1971)	1.16
"The bioavailability (BA) of phenylbutazone and clofezone preparations had been determined in patients suffering from rheumatic diseases."	( [Comparative studies on the bioavailability of various drug forms of phenylbutazone and clofezone (Perclusone)]. Helbing, M; Klingenfeld, U; Lasaroff, I; Reinicke, C; Wessel, G, 1984)	0.8
" The almost complete recovery of mofebutazone in the urine indicates that after oral administration, this drug has a very high bioavailability via the oral route."	( Pharmacokinetics of [4-14C] mofebutazone after oral administration in man. Kassem, MA; Schulte, KE, )	0.13
"014 L/kg; the bioavailability after oral administration was 91."	( Phenylbutazone kinetics and metabolite concentrations in the horse after five days of administration. Cochran, TA; Davis, WL; Gallis, DE; Soma, LR; Woodward, CB, 1983)	1.71
" The results suggested that at a similar dose rate of 5 mg/kg greater bioavailability results from the paste than from a powder preparation."	( Studies on a new paste preparation of phenylbutazone. Douglas, TA; Snow, DH, 1983)	0.54
"The bioavailability of an improved formulation of enteric-coated phenylbutazone with faster dissolution, more consistent in vitro rate of drug release and improved stability was compared in 8 normal subjects at doses of 100 and 200 mg with commercially available Butacote."	( Bioavailability of phenylbutazone from a new enteric-coated formulation with superior dissolution characteristics. Bradbrook, ID; Goldsborough, S; John, VA; Morrison, PJ; Rogers, HJ; Spector, RG, )	0.7
" To evaluate the bioavailability of different oral preparations, phenylbutazone was administered in a paste as well as the traditional powder form."	( Bioavailability of phenylbutazone preparations in the horse. Baggot, JD; Kohnke, JR; Rose, RJ, 1982)	0.83
" Significant differences between the bioavailability of various products were determined despite large individual variations."	( The physiologic availability of phenylbutazone tablets marketed in India. Kulkarni, RD; Manek, SP; Tipnis, HP, 1981)	0.55
"Different mechanisms are involved in drug interactions, especially between anesthetics and drug administrated before and during anesthesia: liver disease, bioavailability related to the route of administration, displacement of the protein-bound of the part, etc."	( [Veterinary anesthesiology, a pharmacological model (author's transl)]. Richez, P; Ruckebusch, Y, 1980)	0.26
"3 h indicating a flip-flop process and the mean bioavailability of CK was close to 100%."	( A non-invasive and quantitative method for the study of tissue injury caused by intramuscular injection of drugs in horses. Alvinerie, M; Braun, JP; Bret, L; Costes, G; Lassourd, V; Lefebvre, HP; Toutain, PL, 1995)	0.29
" bioavailability of phenylbutazone was calculated to be 91."	( The intramuscular bioavailability of a phenylbutazone preparation in the horse. Debackere, M; Delbeke, FT; Landuyt, J, 1993)	0.88
" In comparison with a gavage study in the same rat (strain and age), bioavailability was lower in the diet study with relative bioavailabilities of 27, 22 and 61% for paracetamol, antipyrine and phenylbutazone, respectively."	( Assessment of drug exposure in rat dietary studies. Bazot, D; Brillanceau, MH; Jochemsen, R; Lupart, M, 1993)	0.48
" The bioavailability of the studied powder and paste formulation was calculated to be 55."	( [The concentration changes of different phenylbutazone formulations in horse plasma]. Hashem, A; Keller, H, 1996)	0.56
" Plateau concentrations of phenylbutazone in plasma were obtained between 2 and 12 h and mean bioavailability was 97%, although this was subject to wide inter-animal differences."	( Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetics and bioavailability in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). al Hadrami, G; Ali, BH; Bashir, AK; Kadir, A; Landoni, MF; Lees, P, 1997)	2.04
"4 mg/kg and its disposition and bioavailability and the disposition of its active metabolite, oxyphenbutazone, in plasma were investigated."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in goats. Cheng, Z; McKellar, QA; Nolan, A; Welsh, E, 1997)	0.55
" The median (range) extent of intragastric bioavailability was 14."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intragastric cimetidine in horses. I. Effects of intravenous cimetidine on pharmacokinetics of intravenous phenylbutazone. Ashcraft, SM; Dyke, TM; Gerken, DF; Reed, SM; Sams, RA, 1997)	0.5
" Although disintegration time and dissolution parameters did not give a true indication of bioavailability, an excellent correlation was obtained between the dialysis rate constant (K) and various pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from bioavailability studies on human volunteers."	( Evaluation of dosage forms. IV. Studies on commercial phenylbutazone tablet dosage forms. Paradkar, AR; Razdan, B, 1998)	0.55
" The paste formulation provided greater bioavailability of PBZ and OPBZ."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two suxibuzone oral dosage forms in horses. Gonzalez, F; Jaraiz, V; Rodriguez, C; San Andres, MD; San Andres, MI, 1999)	0.3
"The quantitative structure-bioavailability relationship of 232 structurally diverse drugs was studied to evaluate the feasibility of constructing a predictive model for the human oral bioavailability of prospective new medicinal agents."	( QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability. Topliss, JG; Yoshida, F, 2000)	0.31
" After oral dosage bioavailability (F) was 66%."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.58
" Permeability studies have shown that both phenacetin and phenylbutazone, and their solid dispersions can be categorised as well-absorbed compounds."	( Physicochemical characterisation, drug polymer dissolution and in vitro evaluation of phenacetin and phenylbutazone solid dispersions with polyethylene glycol 8000. Batchelor, H; Hanson, P; Khan, S; Mohammed, AR; Perrie, Y, 2011)	0.83
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
"The knowledge on human serum albumin (HSA) binding is of utmost importance as it affects pharmacokinetic behavior and bioavailability of drugs."	( Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design. Bajusz, D; Balogh, GT; Dargó, G; Müller, J; Simon, K, 2020)	0.56

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The slope of the dose-response regression line for colchicine differs significantly from that of indomethacin and phenylbutazone."	( Mechanism of action of colchicine. III. Antiinflammatory effects of colchicine compared with phenylbutazone and indomethacin. Chang, YH, )	0.56
" During the first week clofezone was given at a daily dosage of 1200 mg and thereafter 600 mg."	( [Experiences in the management of rheumatoid diseases using different clofezone doses]. Celik, CM, )	0.13
" Clofezone was given at a daily dosage of 1200 mg during the first week and 600 mg during the second week; the corresponding dosages of diclofenac were 150 mg and 75 mg."	( Comparison of clofezone and diclofenac in the treatment of out-patients suffering from activated (painful) osteoarthrosis. Brackertz, D, )	0.13
" Dosage was one or two suppositories (= 250 mg or 500 mg phenylbutazone) per day for up to eight weeks."	( Butazolidin suppository medication in rheumatism; a clinical study in general practice. McIntosh, IB, 1977)	0.5
" Both drugs were administered according to a progressively decreasing daily dosage schedule: 1,000 mg during the 1st week; 750 mg the 2nd week and 500 mg from the 3rd week on for diftalone; 400 mg, 300 mg, and 200 mg daily for the 1st, 2nd and from the 3rd week on respectively for phenylbutazone."	( Diftalone: a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent: comparative study with phenylbutazone in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Chalem, F; Farias, P; Lizarazo, H; Peña, P, 1977)	0.66
" The results favoured Butacote therapy in a dosage of 300 mg daily in the expressed preferences of both the patients and the physicians conducting the trial."	( A controlled comparative trial of Butacote and fenclofenac in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Akyol, MS; Thompson, M, 1977)	0.26
" The degree of gastric or intestinal irritation seen with dosing of other drugs was as follows; indomethacin greater than diclofenac Na greater than ibuprofen greater than aspirin greater than phenylbutazone or indomethacin greater than CH-800 = diclofenac Na greater than ibuprofen greater than phenylbutazone, respectively."	( [Irritative activity of a new anti-inflammatory agent 4-(p-chorophenyl)-2-phenyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid (CH-800) on the gastrointestinal tract in rats (author's transl)]. Ohtsuki, H; Okabe, S; Tabata, K, 1979)	0.45
" These results suggest that Y-8004 may make feasible a reduction in dosage or a withdrawal of the steroid prescription."	( [Pharmacological studies of 2-(5H-(1)benzopyrano[2,3-b]pyridin-7-yl)propionic acid (Y-8004). (3) Its interaction with anti-inflammatory agents]. Foto, K; Imayoshi, T; Kadobe, Y; Maruyama, Y, 1977)	0.26
" Two dosage schedules for long-term therapy were tested (2400 and 1500 mg/week)."	( The pharmacokinetic profile of pyrazinobutazone in man. Lohmann, H; O'sváth, J; von Bruchhausen, V, 1978)	0.26
"8% reduction at 100 mg/kg), six compounds, dosed at 50 mg/kg, produced reductions in inflammation comparable to this standard."	( Synthesis and antiinflammatory evaluation of substituted isophthalonitriles, trimesonitriles, benzonitriles, and terephthalonitriles. Battershell, RD; Goble, PH; Heilman, WP; Magee, TA; Pyne, WJ, 1978)	0.26
"Neuro-Demoplas was compared in a double blind trial on behalf of its analgesic properties to another antiphologistic containing high dosage of vitamin B complex and Metamizol."	( [Analgesic effect of Neuro-Demoplas in a double-blind test]. Gabka, J, 1976)	0.26
"In a multi-centre, double-blind, cross-over trial comprising 38 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ketoprofen was given at a dosage of 150 mg daily and phenylbutazone at a dosage of 300 mg daily, each for 2 weeks."	( Clinical evaluation of ketoprofen (Orudis) in rheumatoid arthritis. Results of a multi-centre, double-blind, cross-over trial against phenylbutazone. Brath, HK; Haerum, LB; Straume, S; Sydnes, O, 1976)	0.66
" The study was instituted during the early evaluation of ketoprofen when the dosage of 100 mg/day was being tried; it is felt that a more significant result may possibly have emerged if the dosage had been the now recommended one of 150 mg/day."	( Double-blind cross-over study of ketoprofen and phenylbutazone in patients with chronic osteoarthrosis of the hip. Cardoe, N, 1976)	0.51
" In constrast, 3H-indometacin injected like ASA and PBZ in subtherapeutic dosage diappeared from the blood in a threephasic process."	( [Antiphiogistic drugs. Sudies on the pharmocokinetics of anti-inflammatory agents]. Havemann, D, 1977)	0.26
" A short course of therapy during the sensitization period (day - 1 to day 5 when the day of adjuvant injection is designated as day 0) appeared to be almost as effective as continued daily dosing (day - 1 to day 15)."	( Mechanisms underlying the suppression of adjuvant-induced arthritis by 6-mercaptopurine. Chang, YH, 1977)	0.26
" These results confirm the known anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities of phenylbutazone and cyclophosphamide, respectively, and indicate that cryogenine lacks immunosuppressive capability at the effective anti-inflammatory dosage level used."	( Evaluation of immunosuppressive potential of cryogenine using developing and established adjuvant arthritis in rats. Malone, MH; Watson, WC, 1977)	0.48
" The very shallow dose-response curves for flurbiprofen compared with acetylsalicylic acid, especially in the mouse and the rat test systems, are not due to an unreliable or abnormal absorption, which suggests that in these species the mode of action of flurbiprofen is not identical with that of acetylsalicylic acid."	( Some biological properties of flurbiprofen, an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent. Adams, SS; McCullough, KF; Nicholson, JS, 1975)	0.25
" Between the effects of this dosage of phenylbutazone and other non-steroidal antirheumatic drugs, however, no significant difference could be detected."	( [Clinical study on a new acetylsalicylic acid/paracetamol preparation with gastric acid resistant coating (Safapryn), and on two various phenylbutazone dosages in patients with primary chronic polyarthritis as based on a new evaluation method]. Anderson, JA; Bell, AM; Brooks, PM; Buchanan, WW; Fowler, PD; Lee, P; Walker, JJ, )	0.6
" It is concluded that inhibition of S-warfarin metabolism can help explain the increased anticoagulation seen when phenylbutazone is added to the dosage regimen of a patient stabilized on warfarin."	( Warfarin-phenylbutazone interaction in man: a long term multiple dose study. Lewis, RJ; Rowland, M; Schary, WL, 1975)	0.88
" This is caused by several non steroidal antirheumatic drugs, especially upon longer administration, or in higher dosage or both, may be acting as potential hepatotoxic."	( [Non-steroidal antirheumatic therapy and the liver]. Frank, O, 1975)	0.25
" The predicted mean minimal plasma concentration of PBZ with this dosage regimen was 75."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in mature Holstein bulls: steady-state kinetics after multiple oral dosing. Boudinot, FD; Knight, AP; Smith, JA; Williams, RJ, 1990)	0.6
" The efficacy of this drug was not improved by increasing the dosage to two or three times the recommended level."	( The effect of anti-inflammatory agents on the clinical expression of bovine ephemeral fever. St George, TD; Uren, MF; Zakrzewski, H, 1989)	0.28
" Phenylbutazone was administered at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of bodyweight (BW) per day, intravenously (IV), in equally divided doses to three of the groups."	( The protective effects of sucralfate and ranitidine in foals experimentally intoxicated with phenylbutazone. Geor, RJ; Papich, MG; Petrie, L; Rousseaux, C, 1989)	1.41
" It proved difficult to select an appropriate dosage of indomethacin due to its high potential to induce GI ulceration and bleeding in dogs."	( Effects of phenylbutazone and indomethacin on the post-operative course following experimental orthopaedic surgery in dogs. Løkken, P; Mbugua, SW; Skoglund, LA, 1989)	0.67
" Due to many different pharmacokinetic properties, no perfect rules for dosage in acute or chronic hemodialysis exist."	( Tranquilizers, analgetics and antidepressants in patients treated with hemodialysis. Forycki, Z; Ibe, K; Martens, F; Thalhofer, S, 1985)	0.27
" 14C-Feprazone administered as a single oral dose (17 mg/subject) to each of 3 human volunteers on the 6th day of repeated dosage with unlabelled feprazone (200 mg/subject, twice daily) was excreted slowly, with only 19-38% of the dose excreted in the urine in 8 days, with a further 27-49% of the dose in the faeces."	( The disposition of feprazone and its hydroxylated metabolite in human volunteers. Berry, D; Parke, DV, 1988)	0.27
" On the other hand despite a relatively highly dosed one-week treatment propyphenazone did not lead to changes of the demethylation capacity of the liver in the majority of the patients."	( [Effect of propyphenazone on drug biotransformation in the liver. A comparison with phenylbutazone using the aminopyrine breath test]. Clemens, M; Reinicke, C; Steiner, A; Stiller, KJ; Tanner, E; Wächter, G, 1988)	0.5
" Somewhat longer t1/2 beta values were obtained after oral and intramuscular dosing and these may have resulted from sequestration within and slow absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and continual uptake from intramuscular sites following precipitation as a depot."	( Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and excretion of phenylbutazone in cattle following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration. Ayliffe, T; Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1988)	0.53
"The pharmacokinetics of various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were determined to find dosage regimens by which drug concentrations known as active from human anti-inflammatory therapy could be reached and maintained in rabbits during continued administration."	( Pharmacokinetics of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in male rabbits after acute and chronic administration and effect of chronic treatment on seminal prostaglandins, sperm quality and fertility. Krüger, S; Löscher, W; Lüttgenau, H; Schlegel, W, 1988)	0.27
" Before the fertility experiments, the pharmacokinetics of the drugs were determined to find dosage regimens by which drug concentrations known as active from human anti-inflammatory therapy could be reached and maintained in the animals."	( Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on fertility of male rats. Blazaki, D; Löscher, W, 1986)	0.27
" The importance of the findings for the clinical efficacy of this dosage schedule is considered."	( Effects of a phenylbutazone paste in ponies: model of acute nonimmune inflammation. Higgins, AJ; Lees, P, 1986)	0.64
" The plasma kinetics of phenylbutazone may be dose dependent, with the plasma half-life increasing as the drug dosage level increases."	( Phenylbutazone in the horse: a review. Blake, JW; Chay, S; Kamerling, S; Lees, P; Tobin, T; Weckman, TJ; Woods, WE, 1986)	2.02
" About 50% of patients given salicylate in full anti-inflammatory dosage develop minor abnormalities of liver function."	( Liver damage with non-narcotic analgesics. Prescott, LF, 1986)	0.27
" Recovery of PBZ and its metabolites from urine was significantly reduced in the first 24 h after oral dosing when the horses had free access to hay, probably as a result of markedly delayed absorption, but this did not occur in animals deprived of food for a few hours before and after dosing."	( Metabolism, excretion, pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of phenylbutazone in the horse. Higgins, AJ; Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Millar, JD; Taylor, JB, 1987)	0.51
"Five matched pairs of horses were used to investigate the biochemical, haematological and general clinical effects of a new dosage schedule of a phenylbutazone paste administered under controlled feeding conditions."	( Physiological, biochemical and haematological effects on horses of a phenylbutazone paste. Higgins, AJ; Lees, P, 1987)	0.71
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly different after morning dosing in comparison with afternoon dosing."	( Absorption and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in Welsh Mountain ponies. Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Taylor, JB, 1986)	0.55
"The absorption pattern of phenylbutazone was studied in five horses during administration of the drug in a paste formulation on days 1, 5, 8 and 12 of a 12-day dosing schedule."	( Absorption of phenylbutazone from a paste formulation administered orally to the horse. Higgins, AJ; Lees, P; Mawhinney, IC; Reid, DS, 1986)	0.93
" The six dogs were then given phenylbutazone orally according to four different dosage levels and durations of treatment."	( The effect of oral phenylbutazone on whole blood platelet aggregation in the dog. Jackson, ML; Olexson, DW; Searcy, GP, 1985)	0.89
"The metabolism of phenylbutazone has been investigated in female rats dosed with the drug by gavage."	( Metabolism of phenylbutazone in rats. Alexander, DM; Mathew, GE; Wilson, BJ, 1985)	0.96
" All horses used in the study had not been given PBZ 24 hours before they were placed on a specific dosage schedule."	( Plasma and serum concentrations of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in racing Thoroughbreds 24 hours after treatment with various dosage regimens. Duer, W; McDonald, J; Sams, R; Soma, LR; Tobin, T; Woodward, C, 1985)	0.55
" It has been found, that Heweten optimized the exactness of dosage of the tablets as well as resulted in a faster dissolution than Avicel."	( [The use of dry binding materials for the direct compression of phenylbutazone]. Kedvessy, G; Miseta, M; Pintye-Hódi, K; Selmeczi, B; Szabó-Révész, P, 1985)	0.51
" To compare anti-inflammatory substances of different structure, different absorption characteristics and pharmacokinetics as regards their effect on rat cartilage, we used an equieffective dosage of the different anti-inflammatory drugs."	( A new test method for the standardized evaluation of changes in the ultrastructure of chondrocytes. Annefeld, M, 1985)	0.27
" It has been useful as a research tool in identifying environmental factors for which dose-response curves can be generated and compared."	( Assessment of methods to identify sources of interindividual pharmacokinetic variations. Penno, MB; Vesell, ES, )	0.13
" In spite of an equivalent dosage (0."	( [Comparative studies on the bioavailability of various drug forms of phenylbutazone and clofezone (Perclusone)]. Helbing, M; Klingenfeld, U; Lasaroff, I; Reinicke, C; Wessel, G, 1984)	0.5
" There was no difference in clinical efficacy or in adverse effects between the two dosage schedules."	( Feprazone in osteoarthritis: comparison of twice and 3-times daily dosage regimens. Berry, D; Grahame, R; Laurent, MR, 1983)	0.27
" Some of the newer NSAIDs seem at normal dosage to be far less damaging than traditional ASA or indomethacin."	( Gastroduodenal damage due to drugs, alcohol and smoking. Domschke, S; Domschke, W, 1984)	0.27
" Results show that the drug exhibiting almost no antiinflammatory activity in the rat at the dosage used, phenylbutazone, was the most powerful inhibitor of ossification."	( Correlation between ossification and inflammation using a rat experimental model. de Medicis, R; Lussier, A, 1983)	0.48
" When binding is altered, the total concentration no longer reflects the amount of pharmacologically active drug in the plasma: this may mislead the clinician into making inappropriate dosage adjustments."	( Free level monitoring of antiepileptic drugs. Clinical usefulness and case studies. Perucca, E, 1984)	0.27
" On the basis of this study we regard it once again as essential that the kinetics in the synovial fluid should without doubt be preferred to the kinetics in the plasma for the calculation of a dosage schedule for non-steroidal antiphlogistics."	( [Kinetics of mofebutazone in plasma and synovial fluid]. Barkow, D; Deister, J; Kamp, J; Knoell, HE; Loew, D; Schuster, O, )	0.13
" One dosing schedule (oral-i."	( Population distributions of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone after oral and i.v. dosing in horses. Blake, JW; Chay, S; Houston, T; Nugent, TE; Soma, LR; Sprinkle, F; Tobin, T; Weckman, T; Woods, WE; Yocum, J, 1984)	0.56
" Using an equiefficient dosage of the active principles, referred to the ED50 in the model of adjuvant arthritis in the rat, the synthetic apparatus of the chondrocytes was stimulated by tiaprofenic acid while it was diminished by indometacin and phenylbutazone and particularly by dexamethasone."	( [The effect of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents on the ultrastructure of chondrocytes in the rat. Electron microscope and morphometric study]. Annefeld, M; Cleres, C; Raiss, R, 1984)	0.45
" Changes in the urinary concentrations of PBZ were not seen over the 5-day dosing period."	( Phenylbutazone kinetics and metabolite concentrations in the horse after five days of administration. Cochran, TA; Davis, WL; Gallis, DE; Soma, LR; Woodward, CB, 1983)	1.71
"Twenty-one adult horses were randomly assigned into 7 groups of 3 and were treated for 5 days with procaine penicillin G, benzathine penicillin , or phenylbutazone in various combinations and dosage schedules."	( Serum concentration of penicillin in the horse after repeated intramuscular injections of procaine penicillin G alone or in combination with benzathine penicillin and/or phenylbutazone. Messer, NT; Nelson, L; Sullins, KE, 1984)	0.66
" The beneficial effect of MET-TS therapy reported in a previous study (AFB2 dosage of 4 mg/kg) was not observed with the 3 mg/kg lethal dose."	( Effect of some enzyme inducers, fluids, and methionine-thiosulfate on induced acute aflatoxicosis in goats. Clark, JD; Hatch, RC; Jain, AV; Mahaffey, EA; Weiss, R, 1982)	0.26
" A decrease in total blood neutrophil count occurred in all horses, and was associated with toxic left shift in horses given the 2 larger dosage schedules."	( Effects of large doses of phenylbutazone administration to horses. French, TW; MacKay, RJ; Mayhew, IG; Nguyen, HT, 1983)	0.57
"Five pairs of matched horses were used to study the biochemical and haematological effects of a revised dosage schedule of phenylbutazone."	( Biochemical and haematological effects of a revised dosage schedule of phenylbutazone in horses. Gerring, EL; Lees, P; Maitho, TE; Millar, JD; Taylor, JB; Walland, A, 1983)	0.71
" Delivery of an accurate dosage of the paste was not possible using the multidose applicator."	( Studies on a new paste preparation of phenylbutazone. Douglas, TA; Snow, DH, 1983)	0.54
" All patients were started on 500 mg naproxen twice daily but adjustment of the dosage was permitted."	( A compliance study in general practice of patients switched from phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone to naproxen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Dickson, DJ; English, JR, 1982)	0.5
" The dosage of tolmetin sodium remained at 1600 mg daily for the 3-month duration of the study but side-effects necessitated the reduction of the dosage of aloxiprin in many patients and after 3-months' treatment the mean dosage was 4 g daily."	( Clinical experience with tolmetin sodium. Balme, HW; Huskisson, EC; Wojtulewski, JA, 1980)	0.26
" The rats were then given a calculated LD50 dosage (13."	( Toxicologic study of carboxyatractyloside (active principle in cocklebur--Xanthium strumarium) in rats treated with enzyme inducers and inhibitors and glutathione precursor and depletor. Clark, JD; Hatch, RC; Jain, AV; Weiss, R, 1982)	0.26
" Prednisone in a dosage of 100 mg daily successfully interrupted the neutrophil cycling and prevented infection."	( Acquired cyclic neutropenia: successful treatment with prednisone. Rodgers, GM; Shuman, MA, 1982)	0.26
" Thus, some effect on fluctuation in plasma levels at steady-state would be expected, but the mean concentration over the recommended dosage interval would remain the same."	( The effect of food on the absorption of phenylbutazone from a commercial 100 mg enteric-coated tablet. John, VA; Monk, JP, 1982)	0.53
"The estimation procedure for pharmakokinetic rate constants of blood and/or urine levels which have been taken during a free dosage regimen is described under the assumption of a classical open two-compartment model of first order."	( Estimation of Rate constant from measurement during free dosage regimen. Krause, D; Niemeier, HV; Ringwelski, L, 1981)	0.26
" Therapeutic differences in normal dosing schedule may be anticipated in case on the two poorly bioavailable products."	( The physiologic availability of phenylbutazone tablets marketed in India. Kulkarni, RD; Manek, SP; Tipnis, HP, 1981)	0.55
" Considerable individual variation was observed both in timing and magnitude of the plasma drug responses between horses, but 24 h after dosing a clear dose response relation was recorded."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolites in the horse. Gerring, EL; Lees, P; Taylor, JB, 1981)	0.59
" At dosage levels of 10 to 12 mg/kg of body weight/day for 8 to 10 days, ponies frequently developed clinical signs of toxicosis characterized by hypoproteinemia."	( Phenylbutazone toxicosis in equidae: a biochemical and pathophysiological study. Douglas, TA; Holmes, PH; Parkins, JJ; Snow, DH; Thompson, H, 1981)	1.71
"5 mg/kg body weight, was administered with and without a daily dosage of phenylbutazone, 300 mg orally, beginning 3 d before the warfarin dose and continuing throughout the hypoprothrombinemia."	( Stereoselective interaction of phenylbutazone with [12C/13C]warfarin pseudoracemates in man. Howald, W; Motley, CH; O'Reilly, RA; Trager, WF, 1980)	0.78
" An overestimation of rare side-effects of drugs should not block the application of certain medicaments, however, they should be given only in such a high dosage as it is necessary."	( [Hematotoxic lesions caused by non-steroidal antirheumatic agents]. Hüge, W; Stobbe, H, 1980)	0.26
" Administered at a daily dosage of 600 mg for a mean duration of 114."	( Safety and efficacy of feprazone for long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Bianchi, G; Carazzi, R; Cerrato, O; Cerri, B; Dotti, F; Grasso, S; Ongari, R; Viara, M, 1981)	0.26
" It is concluded that PK/PD is a tool of potential value for the preclinical screening of a dosage regimen."	( Plasma concentrations and therapeutic efficacy of phenylbutazone and flunixin meglumine in the horse: pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling. Alvinerie, M; Autefage, A; Legrand, C; Toutain, PL, 1994)	0.54
" The SFC method was also applied to a commercial 100 mg dosage form of PB with good recovery of PB."	( A supercritical fluid chromatographic method using packed columns for phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in serum, and for phenylbutazone in a dosage form. Jagota, NK; Simmons, BR; Stewart, JT, 1995)	0.53
" Uncommon tubular cell tumors of the kidney were found in 13 exposed rats: 5 in the 50 mg group and 4 in the 100 mg group of males; 4 in dosed female rats; none in controls."	( Long-term exposure to the anti-inflammatory agent phenylbutazone induces kidney tumors in rats and liver tumors in mice. Bucher, J; Eustis, S; Haseman, J; Huff, J; Kari, F, 1995)	0.54
" dosing the plasma disposition was best described by a two-compartment open model."	( The intramuscular bioavailability of a phenylbutazone preparation in the horse. Debackere, M; Delbeke, FT; Landuyt, J, 1993)	0.56
" The dosage was reduced to 50 per cent after one week."	( [Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of an orally administered combination preparation containing phenylbutazone and prednisolone in the dog]. Engelke, A; Kietzmann, M; Meyer-Lindenberg, A; Nolte, I, 1996)	0.51
" upon diagnosis and half dosage once daily thereafter."	( The anti-inflammatory drugs phenylbutazone and dipyrone in the treatment of field cases of bovine mastitis. Saran, A; Shpigel, NY; Winkler, M; Ziv, G, 1996)	0.59
" Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in 6 of the 7 horses regardless of whether phenylbutazone was administered or the dosage regimen used."	( Pulmonary vascular pressures of strenuously exercising thoroughbreds after administration of phenylbutazone. Goetz, TE; Griffin, R; Manohar, M; Sullivan, E, 1996)	0.73
" The method was applicable to analysis of PBZ and OXY in serum extracts from horses dosed with PBZ (4."	( Quantification of phenylbutazone in equine sera by use of high-performance liquid chromatography with a nonevaporative extraction technique. Foos, J; Manuel, G; Peck, KE; Rao, MM; Ray, AC, 1996)	0.63
" This allows therapy with a lower dosage than calculated on the basis of plasma concentrations in the case of phenylbutazone and flunixin, possibly also with other NSAIDs having a short plasma half life."	( [The tissue cage in dogs--a pharmacologic model for the representation of plasma and tissue kinetics]. Frey, HH; Hashem, A; Scherkl, R, 1996)	0.51
" Extrapolation of a dosage regimen from either species to camels is, therefore, not appropriate."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in camels. Abdel Hadi, AH; Boni, NS; Wasfi, IA; Zorob, O, 1997)	0.62
") to a group of four lactating cows at a dosage of 6 mg/kg body weight."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in plasma and milk of lactating dairy cows. Baker, J; Cullison, R; De Veau, EJ; Pedersoli, W, 1998)	0.62
" The concentration of incurred non-protein bound phenylbutazone obtained from a cow intravenously dosed twice with 2 g phenylbutazone, 8 h apart, was 111, 26 and 11 ng/ml for 2, 72 and 104 h post first phenylbutazone dose, respectively."	( Determination of non-protein bound phenylbutazone in bovine plasma using ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. De Veau, EJ, 1999)	0.83
" Transfected cells were dosed with several known inducers of CYP3A4 and the levels of SPAP were measured."	( A reporter gene assay to assess the molecular mechanisms of xenobiotic-dependent induction of the human CYP3A4 gene in vitro. Gibson, GG; Goldfarb, PS; Gray, TJ; Ogg, MS; Tarbit, M; Williams, JM, 1999)	0.3
" Suxibuzone (SBZ) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which was administered to horses (n = 6) at a dosage of 19 mg/kg bwt by the oral route (p."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two suxibuzone oral dosage forms in horses. Gonzalez, F; Jaraiz, V; Rodriguez, C; San Andres, MD; San Andres, MI, 1999)	0.3
"Phenylbutazone was administered intravenously to a group of 11 beef steers at a dosage of 6 mg/kg of body weight."	( Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in beef steers. Baker, J; Cullison, R; de Veau, IF; Pedersoli, W, 2002)	2.08
" dosage was characterized by slow clearance (1."	( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in calves. Arifah, AK; Lees, P, 2002)	0.58
" Prior to parturition, pregnant cows were dosed orally to steady state with phenylbutazone at 4 g/day or given a single subcutaneous injection of 200 microg ivermectin/kg body wt."	( Preliminary studies of offspring exposure to phenylbutazone and ivermectin during the perinatal period in a Holstein cow-calf model. Bredow, Jv; Chamberlain, PL; Fowler, BA; Peggins, JO; Sexton, MJ, 2003)	0.81
"Phenylbutazone in moderate dosage has been administered to 15 patients with a variety of musculo-skeletal disorders."	( The effect of phenylbutazone (Butazolidin) on plasma pepsinogen activity. MUIRDEN, KD, 1961)	2.04
" In the first case, prednisolone in a dosage of 20 mg."	( HEMATOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF PHENYLBUTAZONE THERAPY: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND REPORT OF TWO CASES. CHALMERS, TM; MCCARTHY, DD, 1964)	0.53
" One group received a high dose of PBZ for two weeks; the second group was given an equimolecular dosage of SBZ; and a third group received placebo."	( Lower gastric ulcerogenic effect of suxibuzone compared to phenylbutazone when administered orally to horses. Homedes, J; Mayós, I; Monreal, L; Sabaté, D; Segura, D, 2004)	0.57
" Clinical lameness scores were significantly decreased 6 and 12 hours after administration of the final dose when phenylbutazone was administered at the low or high dosage but were significantly decreased 24 hours after treatment only when phenylbutazone was administered at the high dosage."	( Evaluation of the analgesic effects of phenylbutazone administered at a high or low dosage in horses with chronic lameness. Erkert, RS; Hu, HH; MacAllister, CG; Payton, ME, 2005)	0.81
"Results suggest that the high dosage of phenylbutazone was not associated with greater analgesic effects, in terms of mPVF or lameness score, than was the low dosage."	( Evaluation of the analgesic effects of phenylbutazone administered at a high or low dosage in horses with chronic lameness. Erkert, RS; Hu, HH; MacAllister, CG; Payton, ME, 2005)	0.87
" Veterinarians should monitor serum albumin concentrations and neutrophil counts and be cautious when making dosing recommendations for phenylbutazone treatment of horses."	( Pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon in horses. Hubert, JD; McConnico, RS; Moore, RM; Morgan, TW; Williams, CC, 2008)	0.84
" Oral administration of phenylbutazone at the maximum recommended dosage daily for 7 days did not affect cyclooxygenase-1 or -2 gene expression."	( Effects of phenylbutazone on gene expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in the oral, glandular gastric, and bladder mucosae of healthy horses. Aleman, M; Anderson, JD; Fiack, C; Nieto, JE; Snyder, JR, 2012)	1.08
" The goal of this study was to determine the safety of a 10-day dosage regimen of phenylbutazone and firocoxib, both at their standard dosages, in horses."	( Evaluation of the safety of a combination of oral administration of phenylbutazone and firocoxib in horses. Kivett, L; Taintor, J; Wright, J, 2014)	0.86
" So based on the characteristics that phenylbutazone has a good combination with HSA, we selected a proper linker to link with PYY24-36 -Leu31 to create long-acting and highly biologically active PYY24-36 -Leu31 conjugates, and successfully find a novel, long-acting PYY24-36 -Leu31 conjugate 8 that, when dosed every other day in diet induce obese (DIO) mice for 2 weeks, results in a significant reduction in food intake and body weight and improvement in blood parameter and hepatic steatosis."	( Phenylbutazone, a New Long-Acting Agent that can Improve the Peptide Pharmacokinetic Based on Serum Albumin as a Drug Carrier. Huang, W; Li, X; Qian, H; Qiu, Q; Sun, J; Zhou, J; Zhu, X, 2016)	2.15

Role	Description
non-narcotic analgesic	A drug that has principally analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Non-narcotic analgesics do not bind to opioid receptors.
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins.
antirheumatic drug	A drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
peripheral nervous system drug	A drug that acts principally at one or more sites within the peripheral neuroeffector systems, the autonomic system, and motor nerve-skeletal system.
metabolite	Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor	An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of carbonyl reductase (NADPH), EC 1.1.1.184.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
pyrazolidines
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Phenylbutazone Action Pathway	29	67

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.4220	0.0040	23.8416	100.0000	AID485290
Chain A, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.1623	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
Chain B, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.1623	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
Luciferase	Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)	Potency	9.5283	0.0072	15.7588	89.3584	AID588342
pregnane X receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	50.1187	0.0251	27.9203	501.1870	AID651751
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	Bacillus subtilis	Potency	89.1251	0.1413	37.9142	100.0000	AID1490
USP1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	63.0957	0.0316	37.5844	354.8130	AID504865
GLS protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.3548	7.9355	39.8107	AID624170
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	26.6086	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.1972	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259369
Microtubule-associated protein tau	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	44.6684	0.1800	13.5574	39.8107	AID1460
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	61.2378	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID743035; AID743063
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.3724	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	61.1306	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224893
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.6858	0.5318	15.4358	37.6858	AID504845
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.8761	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
nonstructural protein 1	Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))	Potency	0.3162	0.2818	9.7212	35.4813	AID2326
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	43.6465	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID720692
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.4468	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224819; AID1224820; AID1224821; AID1224841; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.0383	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982; AID720659
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.5773	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743069; AID743078; AID743079
G	Vesicular stomatitis virus	Potency	8.7090	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Parkin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.5962	0.8199	14.8306	44.6684	AID720572
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	38.9000	0.0010	19.4141	70.9645	AID743140
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	79.4328	0.0237	23.2282	63.5986	AID588543
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.9053	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0003	0.5406	17.6392	96.1227	AID2364; AID2528
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.0063	6.9043	39.8107	AID883
D(1A) dopamine receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.9199	0.0224	5.9449	22.3872	AID488982
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	39.8107	0.0018	15.6638	39.8107	AID894
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	79.4328	0.3548	28.0659	89.1251	AID504847
chromobox protein homolog 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	84.2789	0.0060	26.1688	89.1251	AID488953; AID540317
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.1251	3.5481	19.5427	44.6684	AID743266
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	19.9526	0.0398	16.7842	39.8107	AID995
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0251	0.0501	27.0736	89.1251	AID588590
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	18.8339	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624296
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.5849	0.1259	12.2344	35.4813	AID1458
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	44.6684	0.1778	24.7352	79.4328	AID488949
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	79.4328	0.0041	9.9625	28.1838	AID2675
lamin isoform A-delta10	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0100	0.8913	12.0676	28.1838	AID1487
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.3162	0.0158	12.3113	615.5000	AID1461
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.2611	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1347407; AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.7090	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.6989	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631; AID651743
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Histamine H2 receptor	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	Potency	31.6228	0.0063	8.2350	39.8107	AID883
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	35.4813	1.7783	16.2081	35.4813	AID652104
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.7090	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.5893	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.7090	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927	Potency	0.0060	0.0601	10.7453	37.9330	AID485368
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	50.0000	2.1616	13.6892	26.3472	AID713
fMet-Leu-Phe receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	5.3000	5.3000	9.1667	14.4000	AID519
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Ovis aries (sheep)	IC50 (µMol)	384.0000	0.0003	2.1774	10.0000	AID162151
Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	19.0000	0.0003	1.6842	10.0000	AID54410
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	284.0000	0.0001	0.9950	10.0000	AID162666
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	15.0000	0.0029	1.7868	10.0000	AID160905
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	15.0000	0.0029	1.8232	10.0000	AID160905
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0001	0.0000	0.0006	0.0019	AID1618606
Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)	IC50 (µMol)	3.7900	0.6300	1.7733	3.7900	AID220492
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	34.7000	0.0400	4.2297	9.0000	AID681372
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergy	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacterium	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathway	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
urea metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
amide metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylation	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
learning	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
memory	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressure	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematode	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fructose	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to manganese ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathway	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
bone mineralization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fever generation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic plasticity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin D	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to heat	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factor	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of blood-brain barrier	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
hair cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
decidualization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fatty acid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lead ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ATP	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fluid shear stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to homocysteine	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to angiotensin	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein phosphorylation	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA processing	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA splicing	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expression	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stability	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretion	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythm	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation by host of viral transcription	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
rhythmic process	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilization	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane organization	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formation	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expression	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
NAD salvage	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
embryo implantation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
regulation of blood pressure	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
response to nematode	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
positive regulation of fever generation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
prostaglandin secretion	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
regulation of cell population proliferation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
decidualization	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
brown fat cell differentiation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
cellular response to fluid shear stress	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
regulation of neuroinflammatory response	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substance	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
inorganic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 14,15-epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid 11,12-epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
pre-mRNA intronic binding	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular condensate scaffold activity	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
transferase activity	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activity	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
enzyme binding	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
heme binding	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
protein homodimerization activity	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
metal ion binding	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complex	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
nuclear inner membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
perichromatin fibrils	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear speck	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
interchromatin granule	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	TAR DNA-binding protein 43	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumen	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
nuclear outer membrane	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
cytoplasm	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cyclooxygenase-2	Canis lupus familiaris (dog)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar center	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID178593	Effective dose determined against rat adjuvant arthritis after peroral administration	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Preparation and antiarthritic and analgesic activity of 4,5-diaryl-2-(substituted thio)-1H-imidazoles and their sulfoxides and sulfones.
AID128874	Percentage acute toxicity after 225 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally to rats	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID155373	Inhibition of microsomal PGH synthase isolated from sheep seminal vesicles (SSV) estimated as rate of oxygen consumption in presence of 500 uM of the compound	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Prostaglandin-H synthase inhibition by malonamides. Ring-opened analogues of phenylbutazone.
AID187427	Reaction time in Hot plate test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 120 min (p<0.01)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID745276	Antiinflammatory activity in ip dosed Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured at 3 hrs by plethysmometric analysis	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID977602	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1529182	Protein binding in plasma (unknown origin)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID496831	Antimicrobial activity against Cryptosporidium parvum	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID1145606	Octanol-aqueous phase partition coefficient, log P of the compound	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID187429	Reaction time in Hot plate test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 60 min (p<0.01)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID185441	The percent inhibition was calculated from the average differences in hind paw volume between the adjuvant injected controls and the adjuvant-injected medicated rats at 0.08 mmol/kg; 60-69	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID1131290	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw swelling at 2 x 100 mg/kg, po administered 0.5 to 3 hrs prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 2.5 hrs by plethysmographic analysis relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 22, Issue:12	Potential antiinflammatory compounds. 1. Antiinflammatory phenylpiperidine derivatives.
AID496825	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania mexicana	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID496827	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania amazonensis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID524791	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 7G8 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID332847	Antiinflammatory activity against thermal injury-induced edema in Wistar rat skin assessed as inhibition of edema at 50 ug treated topically relative to control
AID178493	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant induced arthritis in male charles river rats	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 37, Issue:7	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles: synthesis and QSAR.
AID29359	Ionization constant (pKa)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID253217	Percent of carageenam induced paw oedema inhibition in rat as a measure of anti-inflammatory activity at 20 mg/kg dose on peroral administration	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID418087	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse liver assessed as fatty change at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID177164	In vivo effective dose required for antiinflammatory activity in rat adjuvant arthritis model	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles. 2. Activity as a function of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition.
AID129055	Analgesic activity evaluated by measuring % analgesic effect, after oral administration of 500 mg/kg in acetic acid writhing test	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID699539	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1148667	Antiinflammatory activity in Freund's adjuvant-induced Lewis rat arthritis model assessed as reduction of paw volume at 0.2 mmol/kg, po qd administered on day 0 to day 21 of adjuvant challenge measured on day 7 by plethysmometry relative to control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolepropionic acids.
AID243647	In vitro inhibitory activity against ovine cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) at 200 uM; Inactive	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-23, Volume: 47, Issue:20	Novel cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors discovered using affinity fingerprints.
AID131340	Dose giving one-half of average maximal [40%] response in phenylquinone writhing assay	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles.
AID134761	Toxic activity is expressed as LD50 values	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1150252	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID396312	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 50 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID625295	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) validation dataset; compound DILI positive/negative as observed in Pfizer data	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1148666	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan/Evans blue dye-induced pleural effusion rat model assessed as reduction in pleural fluid volume at 0.4 mmol/kg, po administered 1 hr prior challenge measured 6 hrs post challenge relative to control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolepropionic acids.
AID1132863	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced foot edema compound administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 to 3.5 hrs relative to untreated control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of trisubstituted pyrimidines and triazines.
AID1130684	Toxicity in adjuvant-induced arthritis Lewis Wistar rat model assessed as change in 11 day weight at 10 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID395790	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhes at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID524794	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum GB4 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1145133	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis administered for 9 days into foot pad 14 days after adjuvant challenge measured on day 22 by mercury displacement analysis	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Etodolic acid and related compounds. Chemistry and antiinflammatory actions of some potent di- and trisubstituted 1, 3, 4, 9-tetrahydropyrano[3, 4-b]indole-1-acetic acids.
AID399645	Antiinflammatory activity against rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced edema at 75 mg/kg
AID1150268	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis at 30 mg/kg, po administered for 14 days followed by adjuvant challenge relative to control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID1130707	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant injected foot at 31.6 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID524790	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID190165	Ulcerogenic dose that produced gastric lesions, ulcers and/or hemorrhage in 50% of the animals tested	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles.
AID977599	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID332845	Decrease in histamine-induced capillary permeability in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of pontamine sky blue 6BX dye leakage at 50 ug treated topically relative to control
AID183013	Analgesic activity was determined using acetic acid writing test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats. (p<0.01)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID129054	Analgesic activity evaluated by measuring % analgesic effect, after oral administration of 300 mg/kg in acetic acid writhing test	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID295312	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 200 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID342372	Toxicity in albino rat with hyperemia assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 200 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID189994	Compound was tested for ulcerogenicity when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID128851	Acute toxicity was evaluated as number of mice (tested=7) died after 72nd hour when 170 mg/kg is administered intraperitoneally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID366806	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 40 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to challenge relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID1529184	Protein binding in immobilized human serum albumin by HPLC analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID679542	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MTX uptake (MTX: 1 uM, Phenylbutazone: 1000 uM) in OAT1-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 302, Issue:2	Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters.
AID1130699	Antiinflammatory activity in fasted male rat assessed as decrease in carrageenan-induced pleural fluid at 2 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by Evans blue carrageenan pleural effusion assay relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID497005	Antimicrobial activity against Pneumocystis carinii	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID187760	Antiinflammatory activity evaluated by measuring % reduction of edema, 3h after oral administration of 50 mg/kg in carrageenan model	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID128853	Acute toxicity was evaluated as number of mice (tested=7) died after 72nd hour when 225 mg/kg is administered intraperitoneally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID19006	Calculated membrane partition coefficient (Kmemb)	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 47, Issue:7	Surface activity profiling of drugs applied to the prediction of blood-brain barrier permeability.
AID295314	Inhibition of rabbit microsomal COX at 10 uM	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID396315	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing at 50 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before acetic acid challenge measured after 1 hr	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID1134155	Antiinflammatory activity in adrenalectomized rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema administered orally 1 hr prior to challenge measured 5 hrs post challenge	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 20, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-aryl-6-benzoxazoleacetic acid derivatives.
AID80765	pD2 value (pD2 = -log EC50) was calculated using indometazine in guinea pig trachea	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-03, Volume: 8, Issue:5	New bronchodilators selected by molecular topology.
AID342371	Toxicity in albino rat with hyperemia assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 100 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID478734	Analgesic activity in albino mouse assessed as decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing at 100 mg/kg, ip administered 30 mins before acetic acid challenge measured after 1 hr relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 45, Issue:5	Synthesis of substituted acridinyl pyrazoline derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory activity.
AID177890	Inhibition of carrageenan edema in normal rats was determined after peroral administration	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 25, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory properties of 8-aryl-5-isopropyl-2H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones and -thiones.
AID170140	Compound was evaluated for its analgesic activity by Randall-Selitto test in comparison with that of Aspirine	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID1123829	Antiinflammatory activity in Sprague-Dawley rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 150 mg/kg, po after 3 hrs	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 22, Issue:2	Bicyclic pyrazolines, potential central nervous system depressants and antiinflammatory agents.
AID677462	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Self-organizing molecular field analysis of NSAIDs: assessment of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties using 3D-QSPkR approach.
AID134331	Compound was tested for analgesic activity in mice by phenylquinone writhing test at dose of 200 mg/kg, po	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID414751	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse stomach assessed as gastric ulcer at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1134829	Antiarthritic activity in rat assessed as reduction in adjuvant-induced arthritic pain	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID588209	Literature-mined public compounds from Greene et al multi-species hepatotoxicity modelling dataset	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jul-19, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Developing structure-activity relationships for the prediction of hepatotoxicity.
AID117737	Percent reduction of edema in mice 3h after oral administration of 20 mg/kg in carrageenan model	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID155370	Inhibition of microsomal PGH synthase isolated from sheep seminal vesicles (SSV) estimated as rate of oxygen consumption in presence of 100 uM of the compound	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Prostaglandin-H synthase inhibition by malonamides. Ring-opened analogues of phenylbutazone.
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID1529185	Protein binding in human serum albumin after 4.5 hrs by LC-MS based rapid equilibrium dialysis method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID1130704	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant injected foot at 0.316 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID396314	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before acetic acid challenge measured after 1 hr	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID188215	Compound was tested for antiinflammatory activity in rats by carrageenam induced pleurisy test at dose of 200 mg/kg, po,% reduction in leucocytes	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID190693	Ulcerogenicity was measured in stomach during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 8 animals tested at 0.41 mM/kg (126 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID678716	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using diethoxyfluorescein as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID253219	Percent of carageenam induced paw oedema inhibition in rat as a measure of anti-inflammatory activity at 80 mg/kg dose on peroral administration	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1130694	Antiinflammatory activity in fasted male rat assessed as decrease in carrageenan-induced pleural fluid at 50 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by Evans blue carrageenan pleural effusion assay relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1123391	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po pretreated for 30 mins followed by carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A new nonsteroidal analgesic-antiinflammatory agent. Synthesis and activity of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone and related compounds.
AID1150275	Acute toxicity in po dosed rat after 7 days	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID177891	Inhibition of carrageenan edema in rats was determined after peroral administration of 100 mg/kg	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 25, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory properties of 8-aryl-5-isopropyl-2H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones and -thiones.
AID515780	Intrinsic solubility of the compound in water	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19	QSAR-based solubility model for drug-like compounds.
AID1130705	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant injected foot at 3.16 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID396324	Antiinflammatory activity in albino Charles-Foster rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 100 mg/kg, po measured before 1 hr and after 3 hrs of carrageenan challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID348324	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced edema in po dosed Albino rat	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 43, Issue:5	4-thiazolidinone--a biologically active scaffold.
AID604744	Displacement of radiolabeled dansylsarcosine from fatty acid containing human serum albumin site 2 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID177363	Compound was tested for inhibition of carrageenan induced edema when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID23672	Partition coefficient (logP)	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 23, Issue:5	Accumulation of drugs by guinea pig isolated atria. Quantitative correlations.
AID1123392	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po pretreated for 30 mins followed by carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A new nonsteroidal analgesic-antiinflammatory agent. Synthesis and activity of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone and related compounds.
AID128880	Percentage acute toxicity after 350 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally to rats	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID396316	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing at 25 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before acetic acid challenge measured after 1 hr	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID396334	Toxicity in 24 hrs fasted Albino rat assessed as ulcerogenic activity after 8 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID745279	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.32 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured at 3 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID679703	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MTX uptake (MTX: 0.1 uM, Phenylbutazone: 1000 uM) in OAT-K1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	1997	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Dec, Volume: 283, Issue:3	Interactions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with rat renal organic anion transporter, OAT-K1.
AID1130676	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant uninjected foot at 3.16 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID128872	Percentage acute toxicity after 170 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally to rats	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID366813	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 400 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID1150270	Analgesic activity in po dosed mouse assessed as inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID177365	Compound was tested for inhibition of scald edema when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID1150608	Antiinflammatory activity in Holtzman rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po administered at 0.5 and 2.5 hrs prior to carrageenan-challenge relative to control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Biologically oriented organic sulfur chemistry. 14. Antiinflammatory properties of some aryl sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones.
AID496819	Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID295305	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Albino rat assessed as oedema inhibition relative to control at 20 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1150259	Antiinflammatory activity in rat with prolonged phase of inflammation assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-carrageenan-induced paw edema at 2 mg/kg, po relative to control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID54410	Binding affinity towards cytochrome P450 2C9	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-12, Volume: 47, Issue:4	Conformer- and alignment-independent model for predicting structurally diverse competitive CYP2C9 inhibitors.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID1150596	Chronic antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in po dosed rat assessed as decrease in volume of paw administered for 9 days starting 14 days after adjuvant injection and continued until day 22 by therapeutic test	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Cycloalkanoindoles. 1. Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of some acidic tetrahydrocarbazoles, cyclopentindoles, and cycloheptindoles.
AID139179	Therapeutic index was expressed as LD50/ED50 carragreenin model	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID160528	Inhibition of PGH synthase was determined by measuring oxygen consumption with a Clark oxygen electrode at 25 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 30, Issue:3	Preparation and evaluation of electrophilic derivatives of phenylbutazone as inhibitors of prostaglandin-H synthase.
AID181593	Percent Edema variation in Carrageenan-induced paw edema test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 60 min	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID337219	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced edema at 100 mg/kg
AID190683	Ulcerogenicity was measured in stomach during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 55 animals tested at 0.50 mM/kg (154 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID27167	Delta logD (logD6.5 - logD7.4)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID342375	Toxicity in albino rat assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 200 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID295310	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of hyperaemia at 400 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID190172	Ulcer index at 200 mg/kg concentration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1131296	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as reduction of carrageenan-induced foot edema at 50 mg/kg, po administered as two doses	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 22, Issue:12	Potential antiinflammatory compounds. 3. Compounds derived from acenaphthene and indan.
AID253102	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with ulcer on peroral administration of 400 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID160905	Compound was tested for inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID379445	Antiinflammatory activity against Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw volume at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 1 hr	1999	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 62, Issue:4	A glycosyl analogue of diacylglycerol and other antiinflammatory constituents from Inula viscosa.
AID177075	Compound was evaluated for highest non-ulcerogenic dose (less than 50% ulcer incidence)	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID1145137	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenin-induced paw edema	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Etodolic acid and related compounds. Chemistry and antiinflammatory actions of some potent di- and trisubstituted 1, 3, 4, 9-tetrahydropyrano[3, 4-b]indole-1-acetic acids.
AID295307	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Albino rat assessed as oedema inhibition relative to control at 80 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID306702	Analgesic activity in Albino mouse assessed as number of acetic acid-induced writhing at 50 mg/kg, po after 30 min	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1123390	Analgesic activity in sc dosed ddY mouse assessed as inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal stretching pretreated for 30 mins followed by acetic acid challenge measured for 5 to 20 mins	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A new nonsteroidal analgesic-antiinflammatory agent. Synthesis and activity of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone and related compounds.
AID524795	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum HB3 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID212000	Peroral dose causing 50% death of the mice population	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID181271	Compound was tested for anti-pyrexia when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID1130677	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant uninjected foot at 10 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID395788	Antiinflammatory activity in Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge by micro-pipette method relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID188214	Compound was tested for antiinflammatory activity in rats by carrageenam induced pleurisy test at dose of 200 mg/kg, po	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID396335	Acute toxicity in orally dosed albino mouse after 24 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1123741	Antiarthritic activity in po dosed rat assessed as reduction of adjuvant-induced foot volume administered as qd for 14 days starting on day 14 after adjuvant inoculation measured on day 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole-5-carboxylic acids.
AID496826	Antimicrobial activity against Entamoeba histolytica	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID190525	Ulcerogenicity was measured in intestine during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 72 animals tested at 0.08 mM/kg (24.6 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID624612	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A9	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID414508	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse kidney assessed as edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID604739	Displacement of radiolabeled dansylsarcosine from human serum albumin site 2 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 upto 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID1123740	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema preincubated for 1 hr followed by carrageenan challenge relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole-5-carboxylic acids.
AID295306	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Albino rat assessed as oedema inhibition relative to control at 40 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID396330	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhing at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge measured for 5 mins relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1130678	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant uninjected foot at 31.6 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1145139	Therapeutic index, ratio of UD50 for 8 hrs starved po dosed Charles River rat to ED50 for rat assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Etodolic acid and related compounds. Chemistry and antiinflammatory actions of some potent di- and trisubstituted 1, 3, 4, 9-tetrahydropyrano[3, 4-b]indole-1-acetic acids.
AID678712	Inhibition of human CYP1A2 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID134578	Lethal dose evaluated in NPP assay	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles.
AID1144803	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema at 10 mg/kg, po treated 2 hrs before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2	Antiinflammatory activity of some 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-acetic acids and related compounds.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID162666	Tested for inhibitory activity against Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 from human	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles. 2. Activity as a function of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition.
AID114672	Effective dose by mouse phenyl-p-benzoquinone writhing (PQW)assay after peroral administration; activity value ranges from (49.8-84.8)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 28, Issue:9	Preparation and antiarthritic and analgesic activity of 4,5-diaryl-2-(substituted thio)-1H-imidazoles and their sulfoxides and sulfones.
AID135276	Neurotoxic dose that causes minimal recognizable neurotoxicity in 50% of animals tested	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles.
AID678787	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MTX uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes	2000	European journal of pharmacology, Dec-01, Volume: 409, Issue:1	Interaction between methotrexate and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in organic anion transporter.
AID681770	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PAH uptake (PAH: 2 uM, Phenylbutazone: 1000 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes	1999	Molecular pharmacology, May, Volume: 55, Issue:5	Transport properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by organic anion transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
AID170953	Compound was evaluated for its antiinflammatory activity by adjuvant-induced polyarthritis test in rats at a dosage of 50 mg/kg administered orally	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID496817	Antimicrobial activity against Trypanosoma cruzi	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID524796	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID337206	Antiinflammatory activity in albino mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs
AID183661	Antiinflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay after 3 hr at 100 mg/kg concentration administered perorally.	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID160527	Inhibition of PGH synthase by measuring oxygen consumption with a Clark oxygen electrode at 100 uM	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 30, Issue:3	Preparation and evaluation of electrophilic derivatives of phenylbutazone as inhibitors of prostaglandin-H synthase.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID338457	Antiinflammatory activity against CF1 mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control
AID699541	Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1135112	Antiinflammatory activity in rabbit assessed as inhibition of edema at 200 ug per site by reversed passive arthus test	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 20, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of cis-4,5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydro-alpha-methyl-5H-fluorene-2-acetic acid.
AID379446	Antiinflammatory activity against Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw volume at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs	1999	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 62, Issue:4	A glycosyl analogue of diacylglycerol and other antiinflammatory constituents from Inula viscosa.
AID295313	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 400 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID131339	Dose giving one-half of average maximal [40%] response in carrageenan assay	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Effect of structural change on acute toxicity and antiinflammatory activity in a series of imidazothiazoles and thiazolobenzimidazoles.
AID1148673	Toxicity in Freund's adjuvant-induced Lewis rat arthritis model assessed as reduction of uninjected paw volume at 0.2 mmol/kg, po qd administered on day 0 to day 21 of adjuvant challenge measured on day 21 by plethysmometry relative to control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolepropionic acids.
AID1145607	Octanol-aqueous phase distribution coefficient, log D of the compound	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID1150152	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema compound administered 1 hr prior challenge measured 3 hrs post challenge	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 20, Issue:9	Oxime ether derivatives, a new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds.
AID1133360	Analgesic activity against po dosed yeast-induced inflamed foot Sprague-Dawley rat model assessed as increase in pain threshold in inflamed paw measured after 2 hrs	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Analgesic activity of novel spiro heterocycles. 2-Amino-7-oxa-3-thia-1-azaspiro[5,5]undec-1-enes and related compounds.
AID1134154	Antiinflammatory activity in adrenalectomized rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema administered orally 1 hr prior to challenge measured 2.5 hrs post challenge	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 20, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-aryl-6-benzoxazoleacetic acid derivatives.
AID227718	Binding energy by using the equation deltaG obsd = -RT ln KD	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Functional group contributions to drug-receptor interactions.
AID366814	Inhibition of cyclooxygenase in rabbit colon microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE2 at 10 uM by liquid scintillation spectrometry relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID1145608	Drug absorption in anesthetized rat colon at pH 6.8	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID1149321	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as carrageenan-induced foot edema at 2 x 33 mg/kg, po relative to control	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-substituted 4- and 7-benzoxazoleacetic and alpha-methylacetic acids.
AID1134148	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po administered as two doses 3 and 0.5 hr prior to challenge measured 2.5 hrs post challenge	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 20, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-aryl-6-benzoxazoleacetic acid derivatives.
AID187058	Compound was evaluated for its antiinflammatory activity by adjuvant-induced polyarthritis test in rats at a dosage of 50 mg/kg administered orally	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID25870	Tested for the dissociation constant of the compound	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 23, Issue:5	Accumulation of drugs by guinea pig isolated atria. Quantitative correlations.
AID295311	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 100 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1529186	Binding affinity to human serum albumin assessed as change in dissociation constant pKa1 of compound in aqueous medium to presence of human serum albumin by UV-pH titration based spectrophotometric analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID366809	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of hyperemia at 200 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID170141	Compound was evaluated for its antipyretic activity by antipyresis effect in comparison with that of Aspirin.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID177889	Inhibition of carrageenan edema in adrenalectomized rats was determined after peroral administration	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 25, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory properties of 8-aryl-5-isopropyl-2H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones and -thiones.
AID396328	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhing at 50 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge measured for 5 mins relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID189093	Number of writhings in Acetic acid Writhing test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID604741	Displacement of radiolabeled warfarin from fatty acid-free human serum albumin site 1 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID1130683	Toxicity in adjuvant-induced arthritis Lewis Wistar rat model assessed as change in 11 day weight at 3.16 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID396313	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 25 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID1131299	Antiinflammatory activity against rat adjuvant arthritis model assessed as reduction of swelling in non-injected foot at 33 mg/kg, po administered for 16 days	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 22, Issue:12	Potential antiinflammatory compounds. 3. Compounds derived from acenaphthene and indan.
AID128859	Acute toxicity was evaluated as number of mice (tested=7) died after 72nd hour when 350 mg/kg is administered intraperitoneally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID342368	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in albino rat assessed as reduction of edema at 20 mg/kg, po after 3 hrs relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID478731	Antiinflammatory activity in Charles Foster albino rat assessed as carrageenan-induced paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 45, Issue:5	Synthesis of substituted acridinyl pyrazoline derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory activity.
AID251690	Percent inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity of compound at 10 uM concentration	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1132841	Antiinflammatory activity in adjuvant-induced arthritic rat chronic inflammation model assessed as decrease in volume of pleural fluid at 31.6 mg/kg	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 21, Issue:6	Aroyl- and arylisoquinolineacetic acids as antiinflammatory agents.
AID1134835	Toxicity in rat assessed as indomethacin-induced intestinal perforation at 400 mg/kg after 3 days	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID172649	Animals with Hyperemia in Carrageenan-induced paw edema test at a dose of 100 mg/kg perorally in rats	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID1130682	Toxicity in adjuvant-induced arthritis Lewis Wistar rat model assessed as change in 11 day weight at 0.316 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID253104	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with hyperaemia on peroral administration of 200 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID308403	Displacement of fluorescent 5-Cyano-2-[(E)-2-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-vinyl]-benzoic acid from human serum albumin	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 17, Issue:16	Human serum albumin binding assay based on displacement of a non selective fluorescent inhibitor.
AID1150274	Toxicity in po dosed rat assessed as induction of gastric lesion	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID294729	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 20 mg/kg after 3 hrs relative to control	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6	Studies on synthesis and pharmacological activities of 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and their dihydro analogues.
AID184499	Antiinflammatory activity was assessed in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema(CIRPE) test after po administration	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Isoxicam and related 4-hydroxy-N-isoxazolyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxides. Potent nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.
AID1123830	Toxicity in po dosed Sprague-Dawley rat	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 22, Issue:2	Bicyclic pyrazolines, potential central nervous system depressants and antiinflammatory agents.
AID699540	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID604743	Displacement of radiolabeled warfarin from fatty acid containing human serum albumin site 1 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID80624	Percent relaxation using isolated guinea pig trachea.	1998	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-03, Volume: 8, Issue:5	New bronchodilators selected by molecular topology.
AID294727	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 20 mg/kg after 1 hr relative to control	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6	Studies on synthesis and pharmacological activities of 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and their dihydro analogues.
AID418215	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 19, Issue:5	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-substituted cyclic imides and their evaluation for anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
AID678718	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as high signal/noise ratio (S/N of >100) by measuring GSH adduct formation at 100 uM after 90 mins by HPLC-MS analysis	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID253105	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with hyperaemia on peroral administration of 400 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID414505	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced inflammation in Albino mouse air ppouch model assessed as number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by air	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID338728	In vivo antineoplastic activity against mouse Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cells xenografted in CF1 mouse assessed as inhibition of tumor growth at 50 mg/kg after 9 days relative to control
AID395787	Antiinflammatory activity in Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge by micro-pipette method relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID366805	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 20 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to challenge relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID1133373	Toxicity in mouse assessed as overt effects	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiinflammatory evaluation of substituted isophthalonitriles, trimesonitriles, benzonitriles, and terephthalonitriles.
AID745278	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.08 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured at 3 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID588210	Human drug-induced liver injury (DILI) modelling dataset from Ekins et al	2010	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 38, Issue:12	A predictive ligand-based Bayesian model for human drug-induced liver injury.
AID134553	Compound was tested for lethal dose in mice after oral administration	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID177362	Compound was tested for inhibition of carrageenan induced continued edema when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID253101	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with ulcer on peroral administration of 200 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID178986	Inhibition of the development of adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in rats was determined	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 25, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory properties of 8-aryl-5-isopropyl-2H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones and -thiones.
AID524792	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D10 after 72 hrs by SYBR green assay	2009	Nature chemical biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Genetic mapping of targets mediating differential chemical phenotypes in Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID414509	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse kidney assessed as infected mononuclear lymphocytes at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID78477	Ability to bind to guinea pig atrial homogenate	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 23, Issue:5	Accumulation of drugs by guinea pig isolated atria. Quantitative correlations.
AID256451	Onset of arthritis measured as arthritic score at p.o. dose of 80 mg/kg in rats injected intradermally with Freund's adjuvant after 24 days	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-06, Volume: 48, Issue:20	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of coumarin derivatives.
AID162151	Tested for inhibitory activity against Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 from ovine	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles. 2. Activity as a function of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition.
AID178137	Compound was tested for analgesia when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID624654	Inhibition of codeine glucuronidation by human UGT enzymes from liver microsomes	2005	Pharmacology & therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 106, Issue:1	UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and clinical drug-drug interactions.
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID680173	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MTX uptake (MTX: 1 uM, Phenylbutazone: 1000 uM) in OAT4-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 302, Issue:2	Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters.
AID185789	Percentage inhibition of Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema at a concentration of 32 mg/kg	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Synthesis of 5-aryl-2H-tetrazoles, 5-aryl-2H-tetrazole-2-acetic acids, and [(4-phenyl-5-aryl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]acetic acids as possible superoxide scavengers and antiinflammatory agents.
AID745275	Analgesic activity in albino mouse assessed as protection against p-benzoquinone-induced writhing at 0.32 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to p-benzoquinone challenge measured for 30 mins relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID396322	Antiinflammatory activity in albino Charles-Foster rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 50 mg/kg, po measured before 1 hr and after 3 hrs of carrageenan challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID306700	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema in Charles foster rat assessed as inhibition of paw oedema at 25 mg/kg, po after 1 hr	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID229957	IC50 ratio measured as the IC50 values of COX-1 to that of COX-2.	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles. 2. Activity as a function of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition.
AID604742	Displacement of radiolabeled dansylsarcosine from fatty acid-free human serum albumin site 2 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID624609	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A6	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID1133367	Antiinflammatory activity in Long Evans rat assessed as reduction of carrageenan-induced pedal edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Synthesis and antiinflammatory evaluation of substituted isophthalonitriles, trimesonitriles, benzonitriles, and terephthalonitriles.
AID750793	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced increase in paw volume at 100 mg/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Biological activity, design, synthesis and structure activity relationship of some novel derivatives of curcumin containing sulfonamides.
AID1123742	Analgesic activity in po dosed mouse assessed as inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole-5-carboxylic acids.
AID418214	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 25 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 19, Issue:5	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-substituted cyclic imides and their evaluation for anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID1123394	Acute toxicity in ip dosed ddY mouse measured after 72 hrs	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A new nonsteroidal analgesic-antiinflammatory agent. Synthesis and activity of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone and related compounds.
AID1130685	Toxicity in adjuvant-induced arthritis Lewis Wistar rat model assessed as change in 11 day weight at 31.6 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID418090	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse liver assessed as cholestasis at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID521220	Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation of mouse neural precursor cells by MTT assay	2007	Nature chemical biology, May, Volume: 3, Issue:5	Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.
AID1135111	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 150 mg/kg	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 20, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of cis-4,5,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydro-alpha-methyl-5H-fluorene-2-acetic acid.
AID418213	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 50 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-01, Volume: 19, Issue:5	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-substituted cyclic imides and their evaluation for anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
AID1123743	Ulcerogenic activity in po dosed rat assessed as induction of lesions in gastric mucosa measured after 24 hrs	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole-5-carboxylic acids.
AID1130693	Antiinflammatory activity in fasted male rat assessed as decrease in carrageenan-induced pleural fluid at 10 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by Evans blue carrageenan pleural effusion assay relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID196878	Compound was evaluated for its gastroulcerogenic effect in rats at a peroral dose of 200 mg/kg, P<0.05.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID745280	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.32 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured at 2 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID1529178	Dissociation constant, pKa1 of compound in aqueous medium by UV-pH titration based spectrophotometric analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID1133358	Analgesic activity in po dosed CF-1 mouse assessed as reduction in phenylquinone-induced writhing responses administered 15 mins prior to phenylquinone challenge	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Analgesic activity of novel spiro heterocycles. 2-Amino-7-oxa-3-thia-1-azaspiro[5,5]undec-1-enes and related compounds.
AID1134012	Antiinflammatory activity in depilated albino guinea pig assessed as suppression of UV radiation-induced skin erythema compound administered via gavage measured 2 hrs after UV irradiation exposure	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 20, Issue:4	Antiinflammatory activity of isomeric phenylnaphthaleneacetic acids.
AID185055	Nonnarcotic analgesic effect was determined after peroral administration in rats.	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 25, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory properties of 8-aryl-5-isopropyl-2H-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones and -thiones.
AID1136284	Antiinflammatory activity in Sprague-Dawley rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 30 mg/kg, po	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Synthesis and analgesic activity of 1,3-dihydro-3-(substituted phenyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones and 3-(substituted phenyl)-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines.
AID1131300	Antiinflammatory activity against rat adjuvant arthritis model assessed as reduction of swelling in non-injected foot at 50 mg/kg, po administered for 16 days	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 22, Issue:12	Potential antiinflammatory compounds. 3. Compounds derived from acenaphthene and indan.
AID295308	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of hyperaemia at 100 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1130675	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant uninjected foot at 0.316 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1134827	Acute toxicity in po dosed mouse	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID181592	Percent Edema variation in Carrageenan-induced paw edema test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 180 min (p<0.01)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID28681	Partition coefficient (logD6.5)	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID253100	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with ulcer on peroral administration of 100 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID190685	Ulcerogenicity was measured in stomach during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 72 animals tested at 0.08 mM/kg (24.6 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID496820	Antimicrobial activity against Trypanosoma brucei	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID342373	Toxicity in albino rat with hyperemia assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 400 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID184161	Compound was evaluated for its antiinflammatory activity in the cotton pellet induced granuloma(CPG) in normal rats at the dose 50 mg/kg p.o.	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID128858	Acute toxicity was evaluated as number of mice (tested=7) died after 72nd hour when 300 mg/kg is administered intraperitoneally	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1136285	Antiarthritic activity in Lewis rat assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-induced paw swelling at 50 mg/kg, po qd for 13 days measured on day 14	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 21, Issue:9	Synthesis and analgesic activity of 1,3-dihydro-3-(substituted phenyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones and 3-(substituted phenyl)-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID1150600	Acute antiinflammatory activity in po dosed rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Cycloalkanoindoles. 1. Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of some acidic tetrahydrocarbazoles, cyclopentindoles, and cycloheptindoles.
AID1144802	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po treated 2 hrs before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2	Antiinflammatory activity of some 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-acetic acids and related compounds.
AID306705	Ulcerogenic activity in 24 hrs fasted Charles foster rat	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1123393	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 25 mg/kg, po pretreated for 30 mins followed by carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	A new nonsteroidal analgesic-antiinflammatory agent. Synthesis and activity of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone and related compounds.
AID366807	Antiinflammatory activity in albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 80 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins prior to challenge relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID496829	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania infantum	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID478735	Analgesic activity in albino mouse assessed as decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing at 25 mg/kg, ip administered 30 mins before acetic acid challenge measured after 1 hr relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 45, Issue:5	Synthesis of substituted acridinyl pyrazoline derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory activity.
AID189206	Percent reduction of edema in rat on 23rd day after oral administration of 20 mg/kg in antiarthritis assay	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID379447	Antiinflammatory activity against Swiss mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw volume at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured after 5 hrs	1999	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 62, Issue:4	A glycosyl analogue of diacylglycerol and other antiinflammatory constituents from Inula viscosa.
AID177015	Antiinflammatory activity assessed by inhibition of carrageenan-induced edema in rats at a dose of 15 mg/kg	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 32, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of 5-aroyl-6-(methylthio)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrole-1-ca rboxyl ic acids and 1-methyl-4-(methylthio)-5-aroylpyrrole-2-acetic acids.
AID1123831	Toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rat assessed as induction of ulcer at 150 to 600 mg/kg, po after 6 hrs	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 22, Issue:2	Bicyclic pyrazolines, potential central nervous system depressants and antiinflammatory agents.
AID139478	Analgesic activity in acetic acid writhing test, activity is expressed as ED50 values	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1150271	Analgesic activity in carrageenan-treated po dosed rat assessed as concentration required to double pain index of control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID1150263	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis at 30 mg/kg, po administered for 14 days prior to adjuvant challenge relative to control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID678722	Covalent binding affinity to human liver microsomes assessed per mg of protein at 10 uM after 60 mins presence of NADPH	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1123738	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po preincubated for 1 hr followed by carrageenan challenge relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 22, Issue:1	Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole-5-carboxylic acids.
AID604738	Displacement of radiolabeled warfarin from human serum albumin site 1 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 upto 12 uM by fluorescence spectroscopy	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	A combined spectroscopic and crystallographic approach to probing drug-human serum albumin interactions.
AID294728	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 20 mg/kg after 2 hrs relative to control	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6	Studies on synthesis and pharmacological activities of 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and their dihydro analogues.
AID478732	Antiinflammatory activity in Charles Foster albino rat assessed as carrageenan-induced paw edema at 25 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs relative to control	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 45, Issue:5	Synthesis of substituted acridinyl pyrazoline derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory activity.
AID183811	Antiinflammatory efficacy is measured by the percent inhibition of paw volume during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test at 0.08 mM/kg (24.6 mg)	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID184501	Antiinflammatory activity was assessed in prophylactic adjuvant induced polyarthritis(AIP) test after po administration	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Isoxicam and related 4-hydroxy-N-isoxazolyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxides. Potent nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.
AID342378	Inhibition of rat PLA2 using [14C]oleate labeled autoclaved Escherichia coli at 10 ug	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID1134151	Antiinflammatory activity in adrenalectomized rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered as two doses 3 and 0.5 hr prior to challenge measured 2.5 hrs post challenge	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 20, Issue:6	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-aryl-6-benzoxazoleacetic acid derivatives.
AID414502	Antiinflammatory activity in Albino mouse assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced foot paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 2 hrs	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID220492	Inhibitory activity of the compound against canine COX-2	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 44, Issue:5	Perspectives in animal health: old targets and new opportunities.
AID1149365	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po administered as gum arabic suspension 30 mins prior to carrageenin injection measured 3 hrs post-carrageenin injection	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiinflammatory and hypnotic activity of 5-alkoxy-3-(N-substituted carbamoyl)-1-phenylpyrazoles.
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID185301	The mean increase in paw volume was compared between drug treated groups and placebo to calculate the percent inhibition in rats at 0.08 mmol/kg by carrageenan Edema Assay; 40-49	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID625294	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) validation dataset; compound DILI positive/negative as observed in O'Brien data	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID187755	Antiinflammatory activity evaluated by measuring % reduction of edema, 3h after oral administration of 10 mg/kg in carrageenan model	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID366811	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 100 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID91480	Ability to bind to human serum albumin (HSA)	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 23, Issue:5	Accumulation of drugs by guinea pig isolated atria. Quantitative correlations.
AID1130700	Antiinflammatory activity in fasted male rat assessed as decrease in carrageenan-induced pleural fluid at 20 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by Evans blue carrageenan pleural effusion assay relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID190532	Ulcerogenicity was measured in intestine during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 8 animals tested at 0.41 mM/kg (126 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID334792	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 3 hrs	1993	Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 56, Issue:7	Anti-inflammatory activity of two flavonoids from Tanacetum microphyllum.
AID116914	Compound was tested for acute toxicity when administered perorally	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 23, Issue:7	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-(substituted-pyridinyl)benzimidazoles.
AID1150601	Ulcerogenicity in po dosed 24-hrs starved Charles-River rat assessed as lesions on stomach administered as single dose measured after 18 hrs	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Cycloalkanoindoles. 1. Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of some acidic tetrahydrocarbazoles, cyclopentindoles, and cycloheptindoles.
AID342374	Toxicity in albino rat assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 100 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID496818	Antimicrobial activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID366808	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of hyperemia at 100 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID678717	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-benzyloxyquinoline as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID306701	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema in Charles foster rat assessed as inhibition of paw oedema at 100 mg/kg, po after 1 hr	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID342377	Inhibition of rabbit distal colon cyclooxygenase at 10 uM	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID366810	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of hyperemia at 400 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID745274	Ulcerogenic effect in albino rat stomach assessed as ulcer index at 0.32 mmol/kg, po administered for 3 days measured 2 hrs post last dose	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID182343	Compound was tested for antiinflammatory activity in rats by carrageenam edema test after peroral administration of 200 mg/kg dose	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID624647	Inhibition of AZT glucuronidation by human UGT enzymes from liver microsomes	2005	Pharmacology & therapeutics, Apr, Volume: 106, Issue:1	UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and clinical drug-drug interactions.
AID1150257	Antiinflammatory activity in rat with acute phase of inflammation assessed as inhibition of adjuvant-carrageenan-induced paw edema at 2 mg/kg, po relative to control	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:7	6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity.
AID1144807	Toxicity in po dosed Wistar rat assessed as gastric irritation at 10 to 50 mg/kg, po	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 19, Issue:2	Antiinflammatory activity of some 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-acetic acids and related compounds.
AID182204	Compound was tested for antiinflammatory activity in rats adjuvant arthritis test after peroral administration of 50 mg/kg dose	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl derivatives.
AID496832	Antimicrobial activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID29811	Oral bioavailability in human	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-29, Volume: 43, Issue:13	QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability.
AID395786	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhes at 25 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID395785	Antiinflammatory activity in Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 25 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge by micro-pipette method relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID496823	Antimicrobial activity against Trichomonas vaginalis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID155368	Inhibition of PGH synthase in tissues with lower lipid peroxide concentrations	1987	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 30, Issue:2	Prostaglandin-H synthase inhibition by malonamides. Ring-opened analogues of phenylbutazone.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID306704	Analgesic activity in Albino mouse assessed as number of acetic acid-induced writhing at 100 mg/kg, po after 30 min	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID745277	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.16 mmol/kg, ip administered 1 hr prior to carrageenan challenge measured at 3 hrs by plethysmometric analysis relative to control	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
AID1145138	Gastrointestinal toxicity in 8 hrs starved po dosed Charles River rat assessed as ulcerogenic effect after 18 hrs	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 19, Issue:3	Etodolic acid and related compounds. Chemistry and antiinflammatory actions of some potent di- and trisubstituted 1, 3, 4, 9-tetrahydropyrano[3, 4-b]indole-1-acetic acids.
AID187428	Reaction time in Hot plate test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 180 min (p<0.01)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID1529180	Binding affinity to human serum albumin assessed as dissociation constant pKa1 at 1:1 ratio by UV-pH titration based spectrophotometric analysis (Rvb = 3.87 No_unit)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-27, Volume: 63, Issue:4	Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design.
AID418088	Toxicity in carrageenan treated Albino mouse liver assessed as acute hepatitis at 100 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 4 hrs by hematoxilen eosine staining	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7	Benzophenone-N-ethyl piperidine ether analogues--synthesis and efficacy as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID1150602	Ratio of ED50 for ulcerogenicity in 24-hrs starved Charles-River rat to ED50 for chronic antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in rat	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Cycloalkanoindoles. 1. Syntheses and antiinflammatory actions of some acidic tetrahydrocarbazoles, cyclopentindoles, and cycloheptindoles.
AID295309	Toxicity in rat assessed as incidence of hyperaemia at 200 mg/kg, po	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 15, Issue:10	Synthesis and crystallographic analysis of benzophenone derivatives--the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
AID1134831	Inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase (unknown origin)	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID342370	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in albino rat assessed as reduction of edema at 80 mg/kg, po after 3 hrs relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID678713	Inhibition of human CYP2C9 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-methoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-3-acetic acid as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID394140	Antiinflammatory activity in Charles-Foster albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 25 mg/kg, po relative to control	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of newer quinazolin-4-one derivatives.
AID681372	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MTX uptake in OAT3-expressing S2 cells	2002	The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 302, Issue:2	Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters.
AID294730	Antiinflammatory activity in Wistar Albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 20 mg/kg after 4 hrs relative to control	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 42, Issue:6	Studies on synthesis and pharmacological activities of 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and their dihydro analogues.
AID190171	Ulcer index at 100 mg/kg concentration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID366812	Toxic ulcerogenic effect in albino rat assessed as incidence of ulcer at 200 mg/kg, po	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-aryloxy methyl oxazolines.
AID1149317	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as carrageenan-induced foot edema at 2 x 50 mg/kg, po relative to control	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 2-substituted 4- and 7-benzoxazoleacetic and alpha-methylacetic acids.
AID496824	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID342376	Toxicity in albino rat assessed as ulcerogenic activity at 400 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID394141	Antiinflammatory activity in Charles-Foster albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 100 mg/kg, po relative to control	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of newer quinazolin-4-one derivatives.
AID395791	Toxicity in ip dosed Albino rat assessed as ulcerogenic activity after 8 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID678715	Inhibition of human CYP2D6 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 4-methylaminoethyl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1150611	Antiinflammatory activity in po dosed Holtzman rat assessed as inhibition of UV radiation-induced erythema	1976	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Biologically oriented organic sulfur chemistry. 14. Antiinflammatory properties of some aryl sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones.
AID128879	Percentage acute toxicity after 300 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally to rats	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID496821	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID192198	Antiinflammatory efficacy is measured by the weight gain in rats during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test at 0.50 mM/kg (154 mg)	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID678714	Inhibition of human CYP2C19 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 3-butyryl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID496828	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania donovani	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID396323	Antiinflammatory activity in albino Charles-Foster rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema at 25 mg/kg, po measured before 1 hr and after 3 hrs of carrageenan challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID306699	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema in Charles foster rat assessed as inhibition of paw oedema at 50 mg/kg, po after 1 hr	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID1134830	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as dose required to give 50% inhibition of weight increment per ear	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID187758	Antiinflammatory activity evaluated by measuring % reduction of edema, 3h after oral administration of 25 mg/kg in carrageenan model	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID306703	Analgesic activity in Albino mouse assessed as number of acetic acid-induced writhing at 25 mg/kg, po after 30 min	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8	Synthesis of 3-[4'-(p-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2'-yl]-2-[(substituted azetidinone/thiazolidinone)-aminomethyl]-6-bromoquinazolin-4-ones as anti-inflammatory agent.
AID496830	Antimicrobial activity against Leishmania major	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID253218	Percent of carageenam induced paw oedema inhibition in rat as a measure of anti-inflammatory activity at 40 mg/kg dose on peroral administration	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID592729	Inhibition of hyaluronidase activity at 71.68 mM	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	In vitro and QSAR studies of cucurbitacins on HepG2 and HSC-T6 liver cell lines.
AID1134828	Antiinflammatory activity in rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced foot edema	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 21, Issue:11	2-(Substituted phenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 2-(substituted phenyl)oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines as nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID190174	Ulcer index at 50 mg/kg concentration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID395789	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhes at 50 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Thiazolyl/oxazolyl formazanyl indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID192187	Antiinflammatory efficacy is measured by the weight gain in rats during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test at 0.08 mM/kg (24.6 mg)	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID1130706	Antiinflammatory activity against adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis Wistar rat assessed as change in 11 day edema volume in adjuvant injected foot at 10 mg/kg, po treated once daily on days 18 to 22 and 28 to 28	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID182300	Compound was evaluated for its antiinflammatory activity by adjuvant-induced polyarthritis test in rats at a dosage of 50 mg/kg administered orally	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 27, Issue:5	3-Alkyl-2-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-d]imidazoles, a novel class of nonacidic antiinflammatory agents.
AID1148668	Antiinflammatory activity in Freund's adjuvant-induced Lewis rat arthritis model assessed as reduction of paw volume at 0.2 mmol/kg, po qd administered on day 0 to day 21 of adjuvant challenge measured on day 21 by plethysmometry relative to control	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 21, Issue:12	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolepropionic acids.
AID183500	Antiinflammatory activity of compound expressed as percentage inhibition of carrageenan edema 4 hr after an oral dose of 33 mg/kg.	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of metabolites of piroxicam.
AID394139	Antiinflammatory activity in Charles-Foster albino rat assessed as inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paw edema at 50 mg/kg, po relative to control	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of newer quinazolin-4-one derivatives.
AID342369	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in albino rat assessed as reduction of edema at 40 mg/kg, po after 3 hrs relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-aroylaroxy)-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidines.
AID183497	Antiinflammatory activity of compound expressed as percentage inhibition of carrageenan edema 4 hr after an oral dose of 10 mg/kg.	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of metabolites of piroxicam.
AID396311	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino rat at 100 mg/kg, po administered 30 mins before carrageenan challenge measured after 1 to 3 hrs	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 43, Issue:12	Synthesis of biologically active N-methyl derivatives of amidines and cyclized five-membered products of amidines with oxalyl chloride.
AID190153	Median ulcerogenic dose was determined	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID396329	Analgesic activity in mouse assessed as protection against phenylquinone-induced writhing at 25 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before phenylquinone challenge measured for 5 mins relative to control	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 43, Issue:11	Synthesis of new substituted azetidinoyl and thiazolidinoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indoles as promising anti-inflammatory agents.
AID253103	Ulcerogenic activity was measured in fasting rat with hyperaemia on peroral administration of 100 mg/kg	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:21	Synthesis of some newer analogues of substituted dibenzoyl phenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
AID172778	Animals with Ulcers in Carrageenan-induced paw edema test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID334795	Antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, po administered 1 hr before carrageenan challenge measured after 5 hrs	1993	Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 56, Issue:7	Anti-inflammatory activity of two flavonoids from Tanacetum microphyllum.
AID181589	Percent Edema variation in Carrageenan-induced paw edema test at a dose of 50 mg/kg perorally in rats after 120 min	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-05, Volume: 11, Issue:21	Synthesis and antiinflammatory, analgesic activity of 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis[2-aryl-4-thiazolidinone] chiral compounds. Part 10.
AID91481	Binding constant against human serum albumin (HSA)	2001	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 44, Issue:25	Cheminformatic models to predict binding affinities to human serum albumin.
AID190523	Ulcerogenicity was measured in intestine during the 3 week adjuvant arthritis test, no of animals with ulcers out of 55 animals tested at 0.50 mM/kg (154 mg) was reported	1984	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 27, Issue:12	Bulky amine analogues of ketoprofen: potent antiinflammatory agents.
AID1130701	Antiinflammatory activity in fasted male rat assessed as decrease in carrageenan-induced pleural fluid at 100 mg/kg, po after 5 hrs by Evans blue carrageenan pleural effusion assay relative to control	1979	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Antiinflammatory agents. 1. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of 2-amino-3-benzoylphenylacetic acid.
AID1145610	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound at pH 6.8	1977	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 20, Issue:1	Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID178489	Antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan model, activity is expressed as ED50 values	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 26, Issue:12	2-Phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones. A new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs devoid of ulcerogenic activity.
AID1159550	Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening	2015	Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11	6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID540299	A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID588519	A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities	2011	Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3	High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347045	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347049	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347050	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347405	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347058	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID504836	Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation	2002	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16	Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347057	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588349	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347410	qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library	2019	Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60	A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID1347151	Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347059	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588378	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1345206	Human COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase)	1995	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 38, Issue:20	Antiinflammatory 4,5-diarylpyrroles. 2. Activity as a function of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition.
AID1224864	HCS microscopy assay (F508del-CFTR)	2016	PloS one, , Volume: 11, Issue:10	Increasing the Endoplasmic Reticulum Pool of the F508del Allele of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Leads to Greater Folding Correction by Small Molecule Therapeutics.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).	2014	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808	Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	5203 (90.05)	18.7374
1990's	259 (4.48)	18.2507
2000's	169 (2.92)	29.6817
2010's	116 (2.01)	24.3611
2020's	31 (0.54)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	317 (5.04%)	5.53%
Reviews	252 (4.01%)	6.00%
Case Studies	274 (4.36%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	5,448 (86.60%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.	1.93	1	0	C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes	allergen; epitope; sensitiser
ethylene dichloride ethylene dichloride: RN given refers to 1,2-isomer; structure given in first source. 1,2-dichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes substituted by two chloro groups at positions 1 and 2.	2.46	2	0	chloroethanes	hepatotoxic agent; mutagen; non-polar solvent
3-phenylpropionic acid 3-phenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-phenylpropionic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 3 by a phenyl group.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid	antifungal agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	2.93	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.	3.53	2	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.	1.95	1	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water.	2.46	2	0	ethanediol; glycol	metabolite; mouse metabolite; solvent; toxin
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	3.6	9	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.	2.45	2	0	acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia
adenine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
9-xylosyladenine 9-xylosyladenine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	purine nucleoside
allantoin [no description available]	2.37	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary
anthranilic acid anthranilic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #565. anthranilic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid having a single amino substituent located at position 2. It is a metabolite produced in L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the central nervous system.	3.54	9	0	aminobenzoic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	5.43	12	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzene [no description available]	11.91	18	0	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	3.78	3	0	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
benzyl alcohol Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.	3.1	1	0	benzyl alcohols	antioxidant; fragrance; metabolite; solvent
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	2.05	1	0	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	2.85	4	0	halide anion; monoatomic bromine
1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.	2.35	2	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.	3.1	1	0	fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	8.34	7	0	amino-acid anion
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.	1.95	1	0	carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound	biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent
aminooxyacetic acid Aminooxyacetic Acid: A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.. (aminooxy)acetic acid : A member of the class of hydroxylamines that is acetic acid substituted at postion 2 by an aminooxy group. It is a compound which inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, resulting in increased levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.	2.05	1	0	amino acid; hydroxylamines; monocarboxylic acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
carnitine [no description available]	2.91	4	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
catechol [no description available]	2.44	2	0	catechols	allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	1.94	1	0	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
choline [no description available]	2.63	3	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	2.4	2	0	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	3.75	11	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	2.86	4	0	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	3.37	7	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	8.44	26	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
2-aminoacetaldehyde 2-aminoacetaldehyde: structure. 2-aminoacetaldehyde : An amino aldehyde that is acetaldehyde in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	1.96	1	0	amino aldehyde; omega-aminoaldehyde	Escherichia coli metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	3.1	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
octanoic acid octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.	3.49	2	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	antibacterial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
4-aminophenol 4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.	3.53	2	0	aminophenol	allergen; metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	2.95	4	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
3-chlorobenzoic acid [no description available]	1.95	1	0	monochlorobenzoic acid	drug metabolite
guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.	2.64	3	0	guaiacols	disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite
taxifolin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroflavonols; pentahydroxyflavanone; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	2.53	2	0	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
phosphoglycolate phosphoglycolate: RN given refers to parent acid. 2-phosphoglycolic acid : The O-phospho derivative of glycolic acid.	1.96	1	0	carboxyalkyl phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphonoacetic acid Phosphonoacetic Acid: A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent.. phosphonoacetic acid : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorous is replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	2.75	3	0	monocarboxylic acid; phosphonic acids	antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.	2.44	2	0	catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid	human metabolite
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	3.38	7	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
creatine [no description available]	3.33	7	0	glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.69	3	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
diacetyl butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.	2.48	2	0	alpha-diketone	Escherichia coli metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	13.72	34	3	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
ethanolamine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	4.81	34	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	2.7	3	0	chlorocyclohexane
glycine [no description available]	3.75	11	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	3.07	5	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
carbonic acid Carbonic Acid: Carbonic acid (H2C03). The hypothetical acid of carbon dioxide and water. It exists only in the form of its salts (carbonates), acid salts (hydrogen carbonates), amines (carbamic acid), and acid chlorides (carbonyl chloride). (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.05	1	0	carbon oxoacid; chalcocarbonic acid	mouse metabolite
hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.	2.87	4	0	carbon oxoanion	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
histamine [no description available]	7.8	77	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	3.05	5	0	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
hydroquinone [no description available]	4.04	4	0	benzenediol; hydroquinones	antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent
imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.	1.97	1	0	imidazole
indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.	1.94	1	0	indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid	auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	4.91	12	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.	2.64	3	0	hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative	human metabolite
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.	1.94	1	0	aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline	human metabolite
thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.	3.74	3	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid	fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	5.07	14	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.	3.07	5	0	cyclitol; hexol
melatonin [no description available]	2.94	4	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
croton oil [no description available]	8.81	12	0	N-acyl-hexosamine
n-acetylserotonin N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.	2.03	1	0	acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
acetanilide acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.	3.19	6	0	acetamides; anilide	analgesic
naringenin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	4'-hydroxyflavanones; trihydroxyflavanone
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	4.73	7	1	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.	4.15	17	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3	antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	2.36	2	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	1.93	1	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.	1.94	1	0	gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide	analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent
n,n-dimethylaniline N,N-dimethylaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. dimethylaniline : A methylaniline carrying at least two methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylaniline : A tertiary amine that is aniline in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	3.1	1	0	dimethylaniline; tertiary amine
orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.	3.56	9	0	pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.	1.96	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.	3.04	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion	allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.	3.77	3	0	4-nitrophenols	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.	1.96	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
phenol [no description available]	4.17	5	0	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin
phenethylamine phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.	1.96	1	0	alkaloid; aralkylamine; phenylethylamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom.	1.96	1	0	phosphoric acids	algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent
phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.	1.99	1	0	phosphocholines	allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phthalic acid phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.	2.05	1	0	benzenedicarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
porphobilinogen [no description available]	1.95	1	0	aralkylamino compound; dicarboxylic acid; pyrroles	Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
propylene glycol Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze.	1.95	1	0	glycol; propane-1,2-diols	allergen; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.64	3	0	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
purine 1H-purine : The 1H-tautomer of purine.. 3H-purine : The 3H-tautomer of purine.. 9H-purine : The 9H-tautomer of purine.. 7H-purine : The 7H-tautomer of purine.	2.64	3	0	purine
putrescine [no description available]	1.95	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	4.51	7	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyrazinoic acid pyrazinoic acid: active metabolite of pyrazinamide; structure. pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid : The parent compound of the class of pyrazinecarboxylic acids, that is pyrazine bearing a single carboxy substituent. The active metabolite of the antitubercular drug pyrazinamide.	2.13	1	0	pyrazinecarboxylic acid	antitubercular agent; drug metabolite
pyrazole 1H-pyrazole : The 1H-tautomer of pyrazole.	4.67	30	0	pyrazole
pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'.	6.93	1	0	azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	3.2	6	0	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).	3.47	8	0	hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.	3.47	2	0	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	plant metabolite
quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.	2.03	1	0	pyridinedicarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.	3.65	10	0	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite
sarcosine cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis	3.07	5	0	N-alkylglycine zwitterion; N-alkylglycine; N-methyl-amino acid; N-methylglycines	Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; glycine transporter 1 inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
taurine [no description available]	2.38	2	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.	6.05	29	1	primary alcohol; vitamin B1	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	3.45	8	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
tryptophan [no description available]	3.1	1	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; aminoalkylindole; aromatic amino acid; polar amino acid	Daphnia magna metabolite
tryptamine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder	2.05	1	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	12.6	135	8	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	8.32	23	2	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vanillin Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).	3.1	1	0	benzaldehydes; monomethoxybenzene; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antioxidant; flavouring agent; plant metabolite
catechin [no description available]	3.53	2	0	hydroxyflavan
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid: structure given in first source; NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone 1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone: a CNS depressant; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ibotenic acid Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	neurotoxin
n(8)-bromoacetyl-n(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane N(8)-bromoacetyl-N(1)-3'-(4-indolyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropyl-1,8-diamino-4-menthane: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	2.44	2	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.	2.03	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols	human metabolite
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	3.53	2	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
1,10-diaminodecane [no description available]	2.44	2	0
1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases	2.13	1	0	phenanthroline	EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor
1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine 1,3-diethyl-8-phenylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	2.75	3	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine 1,3-dipropyl-8-(4-sulfophenyl)xanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline 1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline: structure in first source. isoquinoline-1,5-diol : An isoquinolinol that is isoquinoline in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by hydroxy groups.	2.03	1	0	isoquinolinol	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine	2.44	2	0	aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent
1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole: an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in mouse	2.03	1	0	imidazoles
1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available]	2.44	2	0
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	2.37	2	0	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
1-methylimidazole 1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position.	2.03	1	0	imidazoles
edelfosine edelfosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. edelfosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-edelfosine.. 1-octadecyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphocholine : A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine substituted at positions 1 and 2 by octadecyl and methyl groups respectively.	2.03	1	0	glycerophosphocholine
1h-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one: structure given in first source; inhibits guanylyl cyclase. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one : A member of the class of oxadiazoloquinoxalines that is 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline substituted at position 1 by an oxo group.	2.44	2	0	oxadiazoloquinoxaline	EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor
hoe 33342 BXI-72: structure in first source	2.07	1	0	bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine	fluorochrome
2,2'-dipyridyl 2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'.	2.75	3	0	bipyridine	chelator; ferroptosis inhibitor
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorines.	3.06	1	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; trichlorobenzene	defoliant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
beta-resorcylic acid beta-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.95	1	0
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	2.46	2	0	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-aminofluorene [no description available]	3.76	3	0
2-hydroxysaclofen 2-hydroxysaclofen: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	organochlorine compound
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.	2.44	2	0	isocoumarins; organochlorine compound	geroprotector; serine protease inhibitor
phaclofen phaclofen: peripheral & central baclofen & GABA antagonist; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion; zwitterion
3-aminobenzamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzamides; substituted aniline	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
aminopropionitrile Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.	2.35	2	0	aminopropionitrile	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; collagen cross-linking inhibitor; plant metabolite
3-bromo-7-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.	10.06	14	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
enprofylline enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.	2.03	1	0	oxopurine	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3-nitropropionic acid 3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.	2.03	1	0	C-nitro compound	antimycobacterial drug; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; mycotoxin; neurotoxin
ro 5-4864 4'-chlorodiazepam: selectively binds peripheral benzodiazepine receptor	2.13	1	0
cgp 52411 4,5-dianilinophthalimide: structure given in first source. 4,5-dianilinophthalimide : Phthalimide substituted at the 4- and 5-positions by anilino groups.	2.05	1	0	phthalimides	geroprotector; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide: inhibits ADP-ribosylation; sometimes abreviated as 4-AN;	2.44	2	0	benzoisoquinoline; dicarboximide
4-aminopyridine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	aminopyridine; aromatic amine	avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker
homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.	3.82	3	0	guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide: metabolite of nifuroxazide. 4-hydroxybenzohydrazide : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with hydrazine.	2.03	1	0	carbohydrazide; phenols
4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile: structure given in first source. 4-phenyl-3-furoxancarbonitrile : A 1,2,5-oxadiazole substituted by an oxido, cyano and phenyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation.	2.44	2	0	1,2,5-oxadiazole; benzenes; N-oxide; nitrile	geroprotector; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation.	2.47	2	0	1-pyrroline nitrones	neuroprotective agent; spin trapping reagent
phenytoin [no description available]	10.87	95	1	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid: potent antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-associated glycine binding site	2.03	1	0	quinolines
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).	2.67	3	0	long-chain fatty acid
5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; azepanes; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; odorant receptor antagonist; sodium channel blocker
ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker
5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist	2.75	3	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.	7.37	2	0	indole-3-acetic acids	drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenanthridone phenanthridone: coal tar derivative; structure given in first source. phenanthridone : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is phenanthridine with an oxo substituent at position 6. A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, it has been shown to exhibit immunosuppressive activity.	2.44	2	0	lactam; phenanthridines	EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; mutagen
6-chloromelatonin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides
6-hydroxymelatonin 6-hydroxymelatonin : A member of the class of tryptamines that is melatonin with a hydroxy group substituent at position 6.	3.52	2	0	acetamides; tryptamines	metabolite; mouse metabolite
6-methoxytryptoline 6-methoxytryptoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.03	1	0
6-nitroso-1,2-benzopyrone [no description available]	2.44	2	0
7-chlorokynurenic acid 7-chlorokynurenic acid: selective antagonist at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex; structure given in first source. 7-chlorokynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinaldic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and by a chlorine at position 7. It is a potent NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist which antagonizes the strychnine-insensitive glycine site of the NMDA receptor. It also prevents neurodegeneration produced by quinolinic acid.	2.03	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
etofylline etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin)	2.44	2	0	oxopurine
7-nitroindazole 7-nitroindazole: an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; exhibits anti-nociceptive activity without increasing blood pressure	2.47	2	0
8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist	2.44	2	0
8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine: prolongs epileptic seizures in rats	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
8-phenyltheophylline 8-phenyltheophylline: purinergic P1 receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.	3.47	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline	antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.96	4	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
aa 861 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.	2.48	2	0	1,4-benzoquinones; acetylenic compound; primary alcohol	EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	3.28	6	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acemetacin acemetacin : A carboxylic ester that is the carboxymethyl ester of indometacin. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and low back pain, as well as for postoperative pain and inflammation. Its activity is due to both acemetacin and its major metabolite, indometacin.	3.77	2	1	carboxylic ester; indol-3-yl carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	13.32	120	15	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetarsol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	acetamides; anilide
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	10.65	19	1	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.	3.25	6	0	acetophenones; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.46	2	0	acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
6-acetylaminocaproic acid 6-acetylaminocaproic acid: wound-healing agent component of plasmutan	1.97	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid
beta-aminoethyl isothiourea beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea: A radiation-protective agent that can inhibit DNA damage by binding to the DNA. It also increases the susceptibility of blood cells to complement-mediated lysis.	1.95	1	0
ag 127 tyrphostin AG 126: inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon	2.72	3	0	nitrophenol
rtki cpd [no description available]	2.44	2	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; geroprotector
tyrphostin a23 tyrphostin A23: inhibits EGF-stimulated thymidine incorporation as well as EGF-stimulated receptor autophosphorylation & tyrosine phosphorylation & cell proliferation; structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	catechols
tyrphostin 25 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	benzenetriol
tyrphostin a1 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	methoxybenzenes	geroprotector
1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid 1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
albendazole [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	2.95	4	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.	2.05	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound	bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin alfuzosin: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; tetrahydrofuranol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
alminoprofen alminoprofen: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alminoprofen : A substituted aniline that is ibuprofen in which the isobutyl group is replaced by a (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.	1.96	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	2.43	2	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	3.58	9	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	2.47	2	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	8.27	6	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
amfenac amfenac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. amfenac : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group and a carboxymethyl group at position 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding carboxamide, nepafenac, is a prodrug of amfenac and is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.	1.95	1	0	amino acid; benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amfonelic acid amfonelic acid: CNS-stimulant	2.03	1	0
diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.36	2	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.	2.03	1	0	diamine; organic thiophosphate	antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.97	4	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.	2.05	1	0	guanidines; one-carbon compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	4.15	5	0	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
theophylline [no description available]	6.32	30	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole 2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.	1.99	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; primary amino compound
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	3.43	7	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	10.73	16	0	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	2.96	4	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
amobarbital Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.	4.45	7	0	barbiturates
amodiaquine Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.	2.65	3	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; phenols; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
amoxapine Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.	3.16	5	0	dibenzooxazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amsacrine Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.	2.47	2	0	acridines; aromatic ether; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.	2.05	1	0	methoxybenzenes
aniracetam [no description available]	2.47	2	0	N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidin-2-ones
anisindione anisindione: structure. anisindione : A cyclic beta-diketone consisting of indane-1,3-dione having a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	anticoagulant; vitamin K antagonist
anthralin Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.	2.39	2	0	anthracenes	antipsoriatic
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	10.74	143	1	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid: glutamate antagonist in locust muscle; structure; do not confuse with L-AP4, which is the propionic acid version	2.03	1	0
apraclonidine apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	1.96	1	0	dichlorobenzene; guanidines; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; diagnostic agent; ophthalmology drug
aprindine Aprindine: A class Ib anti-arrhythmia agent used to manage ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	2.05	1	0	indanes
arecoline Arecoline: An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.. arecoline : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine.	1.96	1	0	enoate ester; methyl ester; pyridine alkaloid; tetrahydropyridine	metabolite; muscarinic agonist
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	19.8	745	41	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	3.28	6	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	3.75	10	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate: a glutamate agonist	2.03	1	0	alpha-amino acid
aurintricarboxylic acid Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'.	2.69	3	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; quinomethanes; tricarboxylic acid	fluorochrome; histological dye; insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	11.9	39	0	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.	2.47	2	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite
azobenzene azobenzene: photosensor molecule known to undergo reversible isomerization from trans to cis on illumination with photons of appropriate wavelength; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (E)-azobenzene : The (E)-isomer of azobenzene.. (Z)-azobenzene : The (Z)-isomer of azobenzene.. azobenzene : A molecule whose structure comprises two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond; the parent compound of the azobenzene class of compounds.	2.88	4	0	azobenzenes
baclofen [no description available]	2.45	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).	2.88	4	0	barbiturates	drug allergen
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	2.75	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
bendazac bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.	7.38	2	0	indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.	2.5	2	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benzamide benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.	2.03	1	0	benzamides
benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.	4.73	9	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone	uricosuric drug
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	3.05	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	2.67	3	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
benzothiazide benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.	2.49	2	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.	2.72	3	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
berberine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
beta-naphthoflavone beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.	3.99	4	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
betaxolol [no description available]	2	1	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bevantolol bevantolol: structure given in first source. bevantolol : A propanolamine that is 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by 3-methylphenyl and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl. A beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist, it has been shown to be as effective as other beta-blockers for the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2	1	0	propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; calcium channel blocker
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	2.75	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2.49	2	0	biphenyls; imidazoles
bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	2.72	3	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bithionol Bithionol: Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.. bithionol : An aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.	2.46	2	0	aryl sulfide; bridged diphenyl antifungal drug; bridged diphenyl fungicide; dichlorobenzene; organochlorine pesticide; polyphenol	antifungal agrochemical; antiplatyhelmintic drug
bml 190 indomethacin morpholinylamide: an inverse agonist of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor	2.44	2	0	N-acylindole
bretylium bretylium: RN given refers to parent cpd. bretylium : A quaternary ammonium cation having 2-bromobenzyl, ethyl and two methyl groups attached to the nitrogen. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.05	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
brimonidine [no description available]	2.75	3	0	imidazoles; quinoxaline derivative; secondary amine	adrenergic agonist; alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
bromhexine Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).	4.05	3	1	organobromine compound; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	mucolytic
bromisovalum Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.	2.05	1	0	N-acylurea; organobromine compound
brotizolam brotizolam: structure	2.43	2	0	organic molecular entity
bu 224 BU 224: a selective imidazoline 2-receptor blocker	2.05	1	0	quinolines
bufexamac Bufexamac: A benzeneacetamide with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic action. It is administered topically, orally, or rectally.. bufexamac : A hydroxamic acid derived from phenylacetamide in which the benzene moiety is substituted at C-4 by a butoxy group. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.	3.47	8	0	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bumetanide [no description available]	4.83	10	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.	4.51	5	1	aromatic amide; piperidinecarboxamide; tertiary amino compound
buspirone Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.	3.3	6	0	azaspiro compound; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organic heteropolycyclic compound; piperidones; pyrimidines	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
busulfan [no description available]	4.35	6	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
butacaine butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92	2.13	1	0	benzoate ester
butalbital butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates	analgesic; sedative
butamben butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.	2.43	2	0	amino acid ester; benzoate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	local anaesthetic
caffeine [no description available]	9.09	56	1	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	3.52	8	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
camphor, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	1.95	1	0	bornane monoterpenoid; cyclic monoterpene ketone	plant metabolite
candesartan cilexetil candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects	2.05	1	0	biphenyls
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	2.75	3	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	12.98	21	1	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbetapentane carbetapentane: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0	benzenes
carbinoxamine carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.	1.96	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
carbofuran Carbofuran: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	1.96	1	0	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nematicide
carisoprodol Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.	3.89	13	0	carbamate ester	muscle relaxant
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	2.97	4	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.	7.42	15	1	carbazoles; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	2.43	2	0	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
carvedilol [no description available]	2.72	3	0	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
celecoxib [no description available]	2.98	4	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	2.47	2	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cgs 12066 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline : A pyrroloquinoxaline that is pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline bearing additional 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 4 and 7 respectively. A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B) full agonist, 10-fold selective over 5-HT1A and 1000-fold selective over 5-HT2C receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration.	2.03	1	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; pyrroloquinoxaline	serotonergic agonist
cgs 15943 9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)quinazolin-5-imine: non-xanthine triazoloquinazoline adenosine antagonist. CGS 15943 : A member of the class of triazoloquinazolines that is [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline substited at positions 2, 5 and 9 by furan-2-yl, amino and chloro groups respectively. A potent antagonist at adenosine A1 and adenosine A2A receptors.	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; biaryl; furans; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; quinazolines; triazoloquinazoline	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; antineoplastic agent; central nervous system stimulant
chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.	2.07	1	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate [no description available]	4.3	6	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	9.79	10	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness	1.94	1	0	diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.	5.91	14	0	benzodiazepine
chlormezanone Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.	2.89	4	0	1,3-thiazine; lactam; monochlorobenzenes; sulfone	antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; muscle relaxant
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	15.03	136	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.	5.75	29	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
chloroxylenol chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.	2.05	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; molluscicide
chlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.	4.93	12	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidepressant; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	8.9	99	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	6.59	28	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	1.93	1	0	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	3.22	6	0	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	3.41	7	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound	muscle relaxant; sedative
cifenline [no description available]	2	1	0	diarylmethane
ciclopirox [no description available]	2.46	2	0	cyclic hydroxamic acid; hydroxypyridone antifungal drug; pyridone	antibacterial agent; antiseborrheic
ciglitazone ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.	2.46	2	0	aromatic ether; thiazolidinone	antineoplastic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostamide cilostamide: selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase & platelet aggregation; structure	2.44	2	0	quinolines
cilostazol [no description available]	2.98	4	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	5.25	16	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.	2.97	4	0	cinnolines; oxacycle; oxo carboxylic acid	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate [no description available]	4.23	5	0	cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	3.41	7	0	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
cisapride Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.	3.14	5	0	benzamides
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	3.14	5	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clenbuterol Clenbuterol: A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.. clenbuterol : A substituted aniline that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.73	3	0	amino alcohol; dichlorobenzene; ethanolamines; primary arylamine; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.46	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clobazam Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.	2.43	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	2.05	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	7.28	23	0	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
clofibric acid Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate.	8.76	3	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite; PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene [no description available]	2.46	2	0	tertiary amine	estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	4.38	6	0	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	2.43	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	4.46	7	0	clonidine; imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide [no description available]	3.54	2	0	sulfonamide
chlorazepate clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; prodrug
clotiazepam clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
clotrimazole [no description available]	3.55	8	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.	3.1	1	0	cresol	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin
cromolyn cromoglycic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is the bis-chromone derivative of glycerol. It is effective as a mast cell stabilizer.	2.96	4	0	chromones; dicarboxylic acid	anti-asthmatic drug; calcium channel blocker
cx546 1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cyclandelate Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.	2.05	1	0	carboxylic ester; secondary alcohol	vasodilator agent
cycloleucine Cycloleucine: An amino acid formed by cyclization of leucine. It has cytostatic, immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities.. 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups.	1.96	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	EC 2.5.1.6 (methionine adenosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyclothiazide cyclothiazide: inhibits the desensitization of AMPA-type receptors; structure. cyclothiazide : 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted at positions 3, 5 and 6 by a 2-norbornen-5-yl group, chlorine, and a sulfonamide group, respectively. A thiazide diuretic, it has been used in the management of hypertension and oedema.	2.03	1	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	5.81	18	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cystamine [no description available]	1.95	1	0	organic disulfide; primary amino compound	EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor
danthron danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.	3.53	2	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
dapsone [no description available]	5.16	8	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.	3.48	2	0	carboxamidine; isoquinolines	adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent
decanoic acid decanoate : A fatty acid anion 10:0 that is the conjugate base of decanoic acid.. decanoic acid : A C10, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.	3.1	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
deferiprone Deferiprone: A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of IRON OVERLOAD in patients with THALASSEMIA.. deferiprone : A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.	2.13	1	0	4-pyridones	iron chelator; protective agent
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	2.05	1	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
dephostatin dephostatin: from Streptomyces sp. MJ742-NF5; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	7.22	18	1	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nordazepam Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.. nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety.	2	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; human metabolite; sedative
nonivamide nonivamide: has effect on sensory neurons. nonivamide : A capsaicinoid that is the carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamine with the carboxy group of nonanoic acid. It is the active ingredient in many pepper sprays.	2.03	1	0	capsaicinoid; phenols	lachrymator
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	7.19	18	0	primary amine
eflornithine Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.	2.05	1	0	alpha-amino acid; fluoroamino acid	trypanocidal drug
r 59022 R 59022: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source; platelet activator factor antagonist	2.03	1	0	diarylmethane
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	9.42	56	1	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	3.6	9	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dibucaine Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.	4.29	4	1	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	topical anaesthetic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	11.47	62	7	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	5.68	11	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorophen Dichlorophen: Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)	2.13	1	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; diarylmethane
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	1.94	1	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dichlorvos Dichlorvos: An organophosphorus insecticide that inhibits ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.. dichlorvos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate.	1.95	1	0	alkenyl phosphate; dialkyl phosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organophosphate insecticide	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids
diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.	4.45	7	0	N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	2.38	2	0	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	14.39	24	3	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.	2.75	3	0	dithiol; primary alcohol	chelator
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	6.36	32	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	2.03	1	0	organic cation
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	6.47	25	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	3.13	5	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	6.73	17	0	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	6.2	14	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid: (D)-isomer active as an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate excitation of central neurons; (L)-isomer inactive; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.03	1	0
thiorphan Thiorphan: A potent inhibitor of membrane metalloendopeptidase (ENKEPHALINASE). Thiorphan potentiates morphine-induced ANALGESIA and attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms.	2.03	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3. Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. Used to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis, and necrosis.	2.44	2	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
domperidone Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.	3.51	8	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	2.75	3	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.	2.43	2	0	aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent
doxepin Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.	4.2	5	0	dibenzooxepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
doxylamine Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.	3.47	2	0	pyridines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antitussive; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; sedative
droperidol Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.	3.14	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
dipropizine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	piperazines
dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.	2.44	2	0	oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols	bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.	2.96	4	0	benzoselenazole	anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	2.67	3	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.	2.75	3	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
emodin Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.	3.82	3	0	trihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emorfazone emorfazone: structure	1.95	1	0	organic molecular entity
enflurane Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.	2.05	1	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anaesthetic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	2.05	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
epirizole Epirizole: 4-Methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	2.87	4	0
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	2.05	1	0	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.	10.77	17	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic
myambutol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	amino alcohol
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	2.42	2	0	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	4.58	8	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
ethoxzolamide Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.	2.49	2	0	aromatic ether; benzothiazoles; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
ethyl loflazepate ethyl loflazepate: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane.	2.07	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	GABA agonist
etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.	2.07	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
etilefrine Etilefrine: A phenylephrine-related beta-1 adrenergic and alpha adrenergic agonist used as a cardiotonic and antihypotensive agent.	2.37	2	0	phenols
etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.	3.78	11	0	monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; acetate ester	antiviral drug; prodrug
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.	3.8	3	0	aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound	ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore
felbamate Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.	3.31	6	0	carbamate ester	anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.	2.13	1	0	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	3.43	7	0	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fenbendazole Fenbendazole: Antinematodal benzimidazole used in veterinary medicine.. fenbendazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted at positons 2 and 5 by (methoxycarbonyl)amino and phenylsulfanediyl groups, respectively. A broad-spectrum anthelmintic, it is used, particularly in veterinary medicine, for the treatment of nematodal infections.	1.97	1	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug
fenbufen fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	11.27	6	2	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; biphenyls	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fendiline Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.	2.07	1	0	diarylmethane
fenfluramine Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.	2	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; secondary amino compound	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE	3.67	9	0	aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
fenoprofen Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.	9.8	22	4	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	3.81	3	0	resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	3.48	8	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	2.75	3	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level	2.46	2	0	benzodioxoles
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	2.72	3	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	4.84	10	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	3.29	6	0	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.	13.56	168	8	aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	3.81	3	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	3.3	6	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
flumequine flumequine: structure. flumequine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-flumequine. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, formerly used in veterinary medicine for stock breeding and treatment of aquacultures.. 9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline carrying additional carboxy, methyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2, 5 and 9 respectively.	2.49	2	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; pyridoquinoline; quinolone antibiotic
flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.	3.81	3	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes	anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.	3.1	1	0	benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	10.1	14	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	3.43	7	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
flurazepam Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	9.36	28	7	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluspirilene Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.	3.12	5	0	diarylmethane
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	3.66	9	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
fomepizole Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	pyrazoles	antidote; EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor; protective agent
formoterol fumarate N-[2-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]formamide : A phenylethanoloamine having 4-hydroxy and 3-formamido substituents on the phenyl ring and an N-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl substituent.	2.44	2	0	formamides; phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
foscarnet Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	2.46	2	0	carboxylic acid; one-carbon compound; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
fpl 64176 FPL 64176: an activator of L-type calcium channels; structure given in first source. FPL 64176 : 1H-Pyrrole substituted at C-2 and -5 by methyl groups, at C-3 by methoxycarbonyl and at C-4 by a 2-benzylbenzoyl group.	2.44	2	0	carboxylic ester; pyrroles	calcium channel agonist
furafylline [no description available]	2.46	2	0	oxopurine
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	9.52	46	5	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
fusaric acid Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.	2.03	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.	7.99	4	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
gabexate Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.	1.93	1	0	benzoate ester
4-amino-5-hexynoic acid 4-amino-5-hexynoic acid: structure	2.03	1	0
gemfibrozil [no description available]	3.3	6	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	10.82	12	2
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions.	1.95	1	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite
glafenine Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.	4.86	6	0	aminoquinoline; carboxylic ester; glycol; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.	2.75	3	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger
glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source	2.46	2	0	sulfonamide
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	3.14	5	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	6.03	12	0	piperidines
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	5.84	18	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
gossypol Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.	2.05	1	0
fluorometholone [no description available]	2.13	1	0
guaiazulene guaiazulene: structure	2.05	1	0	sesquiterpene
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	5.54	5	1	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	9.75	10	0	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
guanfacine Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.	1.96	1	0	acetamides
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.	2.42	2	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)piperazine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	isoquinolines
ha 1004 N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0	isoquinolines
fasudil fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.	2.05	1	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonyldiazepane	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; vasodilator agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	3.59	9	0	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	5.16	6	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.	2.13	1	0	harmala alkaloid	oneirogen
hemicholinium 3 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	morpholines
hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.	4.47	7	0	bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.	2.42	2	0	phosphocholines; phospholipid	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor
4-fluorohexahydrosiladifenidol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
hexestrol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
hexetidine Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)	2.42	2	0	organic heteromonocyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	6	22	0	barbiturates
hexamethylene bisacetamide N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208	2.13	1	0	acetamides
ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.	1.95	1	0	phenanthridines	fluorochrome; intercalator
hycanthone Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.	3.25	6	0	thioxanthenes	mutagen; schistosomicide drug
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	5	13	0	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	5.37	19	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.	2.69	3	0	benzothiadiazine; thiazide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	4.47	24	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea [no description available]	3.15	5	0	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	3.11	5	0	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
ibudilast [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyrazolopyridine
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	13.17	125	13	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
ic 261 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	indoles
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	3.67	10	0	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	9.3	33	3	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
alverine alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.	2.05	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug
idebenone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; primary alcohol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor
ifenprodil ifenprodil: NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0	piperidines
ifosfamide [no description available]	2.75	3	0	ifosfamides	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	13.43	35	1	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	3.3	6	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
incadronate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	2.77	3	0	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indirubin-3'-monoxime indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.	2.44	2	0
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	18.95	873	46	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
indoprofen Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.	2.46	2	0	gamma-lactam; isoindoles; monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
iodoacetamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.	2.05	1	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iopanoic acid Iopanoic Acid: Radiopaque medium used as diagnostic aid.	2.88	4	0	monocarboxylic acid
iodipamide Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.	2.67	3	0	benzoic acids; organoiodine compound; secondary carboxamide	radioopaque medium
ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; isoflavones	bone density conservation agent
iproniazid [no description available]	4.77	10	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	2.75	3	0	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	2.03	1	0	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)	3.21	6	0	benzenes
isoflurane Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	9.33	46	1	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 4-piperidinecarboxylic acid: structure in first source	2.44	2	0
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	2.66	3	0	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
propyphenazone propyphenazone: structure. propyphenazone : A pyrazolone derivative that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by an isopropyl group.	9.17	5	0	pyrazolone	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	3.75	11	0	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.	2.73	3	0	benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester
itraconazole [no description available]	2.97	4	0	piperazines
4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline WHI P131: a quinazoline derivative, inhibitor of glioblastoma cell adhesion and migration	2.03	1	0
jl 18 JL 18: a pyridobenzodiazepine derivative bioisoster of clozapine	2.44	2	0
nsc 664704 kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).	2.74	3	0	indolobenzazepine; lactam; organobromine compound	cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	2.72	3	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	2.7	3	0	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	3.66	9	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
kebuzone kebuzone: proposed antirheumatic agent; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search PHENYLBUTAZONE/AA. kebuzone : A pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone in which the two methylene hydrogens at postion 3 on the butyl chain are replaced by an oxo group.	5.9	25	1	methyl ketone; pyrazolidines	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	12.64	81	18	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketorolac Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.	9.33	4	1	amino acid; aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolizines; racemate	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ketotifen Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect.	4.88	6	0	cyclic ketone; olefinic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.	7.67	3	0	furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle	anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.	2.37	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid: metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist; do not confuse AP-3 used as an abbreviation for this with enhancer-binding protein AP-3 (a trans-activator) or clathrin assembly protein AP-3. 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid : A non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group.	2.03	1	0	alanine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; phosphonic acids	human metabolite; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	4.74	9	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lamotrigine [no description available]	4.64	8	0	1,2,4-triazines; dichlorobenzene; primary arylamine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; antimanic drug; calcium channel blocker; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; excitatory amino acid antagonist; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; xenobiotic
lansoprazole Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.	3.43	7	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.	2.89	1	0
beta-lapachone beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.	2.74	3	0	benzochromenone; orthoquinones	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
lauric acid dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.	3.1	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite
leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.	3.16	5	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
linopirdine linopirdine: acetylcholine releasing drug	2.44	2	0	indoles
lofepramine Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.	2.72	3	0	aromatic ketone; dibenzoazepine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	2.41	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomustine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	2.96	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.	2.98	4	0	benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	4.71	5	0	benzodiazepine
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	4.24	5	0	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.	3.1	1	0	dibenzooxazepine	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
loxoprofen loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.	2.03	1	0	cyclopentanones; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
ly 171883 LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.	2.13	1	0	acetophenones; aromatic ether; phenols; tetrazoles	anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
mabuterol mabuterol: structure given in first source	2	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	2.05	1	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	isopropyl ester
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	3.43	7	0	anthracenes
mazindol Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.	2.46	2	0	organic molecular entity
edaravone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrazolone	antioxidant; radical scavenger
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	3.1	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	2.65	3	0	primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	3.55	9	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
meclizine Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.	2.75	3	0	diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	8.56	18	2	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenamate sodium anhydrous [no description available]	2.98	4	0	organic sodium salt
meclofenoxate Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
medazepam Medazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used in the treatment of anxiety. It has sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. One of its metabolites is DIAZEPAM and one of its excretion products is OXAZEPAM.	3.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	12.83	130	4	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinolines; secondary alcohol
memantine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	2.98	4	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	7.94	22	0	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenesin Mephenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.. 1-(2-methylphenyl)glycerol : A glycerol ether in which a single 2-methylphenyl group is attached at position 1 of glycerol via an ether linkage.	3.04	5	0	aromatic ether; glycerol ether
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	2.75	3	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	2.7	3	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	10.53	23	0	organic molecular entity
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.	3.8	3	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mescaline Mescaline: Hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the flowering heads (peyote) of Lophophora (formerly Anhalonium) williamsii, a Mexican cactus used in Indian religious rites and as an experimental psychotomimetic. Among its cellular effects are agonist actions at some types of serotonin receptors. It has no accepted therapeutic uses although it is legal for religious use by members of the Native American Church.. mescaline : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is phenethylamine substituted at positions 3, 4 and 5 by methoxy groups.	1.96	1	0	methoxybenzenes; phenethylamine alkaloid; primary amino compound	hallucinogen
metaproterenol Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.	2	1	0	aralkylamino compound; phenylethanolamines; resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	2.97	4	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	4.76	10	0	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.	2.46	2	0	ethylenediamine derivative	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
metharbital metharbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ENDIEMAL, METHARBITONE, & METHOBARBITONE were see METHARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search METHARBITAL 1976-94; long-acting barbiturate that is demethylated to barbital in the liver; has broad-spectrum anticonvulsant action, but used mainly to treat myoclonic spasms in infants	1.96	1	0	organic molecular entity
methazolamide Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.	2.13	1	0	sulfonamide; thiadiazoles
methenamine Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.35	2	0	polyazaalkane; polycyclic cage; tetramine	antibacterial drug
methiothepin Methiothepin: A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.. methiothepin : A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively).	2.03	1	0	aryl sulfide; dibenzothiepine; N-alkylpiperazine; tertiary amino compound	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
methocarbamol Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.	8.25	6	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; secondary alcohol
methoctramine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; tetramine	muscarinic antagonist
methoxyamine methoxyamine: analytical reagent for aldehydes and ketones; strong irritant, can probably produce methemoglobinemia; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0	organooxygen compound
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	3.07	5	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.	2.46	2	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic
nocodazole [no description available]	3.12	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates	flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite
3-Hydroxy-alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	4.46	7	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
methyprylon methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	2.72	3	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolazone Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.	2.96	4	0	organochlorine compound; quinazolines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	3.4	7	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	4.08	15	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	3.05	5	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	4.03	4	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.	5.22	9	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine agonist; sedative; serotonergic antagonist
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.97	4	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	2.73	3	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
midodrine Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.	2.07	1	0	amino acid amide; aromatic ether; secondary alcohol	alpha-adrenergic agonist; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone [no description available]	2.42	2	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	3.16	5	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	2.43	2	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitotane Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.	2.45	2	0	diarylmethane
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	4.23	5	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
ml 7 ML-7 : An N-sulfonyldiazepane resullting from the formal condensation of 5-iodo-1-naphthylsulfonic acid with one of the nitrogens of 1,4-diazepane. It is a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18).	2.44	2	0	N-sulfonyldiazepane; organoiodine compound	EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor
ml 9 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative
moclobemide Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.	2.74	3	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
modafinil Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.	2.47	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfoxide
moxisylyte Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
muscimol Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita.	1.96	1	0	alkaloid; isoxazoles; primary amino compound	fungal metabolite; GABA agonist; oneirogen; psychotropic drug
deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.	2.05	1	0	benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic
n-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide: calmodulin antagonist; structure given in first source. N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is 5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide in which one of the hydrogens of the nitrogen atom is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.	2.03	1	0	naphthalenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; sulfonamide
acecainide Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.	2.13	1	0	acetamides; benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug
n-bromoacetamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	2.88	4	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
n-formylmethionylphenylalanine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	peptide
fg 7142 FG 7142: benzodiazepine receptor agonist	2.44	2	0	beta-carbolines
deoxyepinephrine Deoxyepinephrine: Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent.	3.06	1	0	catecholamine
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	4.69	5	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
apnea Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	3.04	1	0	purine nucleoside
n 0840 N(6)-cyclopentyl-9-methyladenine: selective, orally active A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist	2.44	2	0
nabumetone Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	3.14	5	0	methoxynaphthalene; methyl ketone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
nalidixic acid [no description available]	3.39	7	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
naphazoline Naphazoline: An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.	1.96	1	0	naphthalenes
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	3.16	5	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.	2.15	1	0	benzoxazocine; tertiary amino compound
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.97	4	0	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	8.47	8	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	2.94	4	0	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
niceritrol Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
niclosamide Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections.	2.68	3	0	benzamides; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; salicylanilides; secondary carboxamide	anthelminthic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antiparasitic agent; apoptosis inducer; molluscicide; piscicide; STAT3 inhibitor
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	3.9	12	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nifenazone nifenazone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.94	1	0	pyrazoles; ring assembly
niflumic acid Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	6.73	10	2	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
nilutamide [no description available]	2.74	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
nilvadipine [no description available]	2	1	0	dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester; nitrile
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	4.81	7	1	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	3.54	8	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nipecotic acid nipecotic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is piperidine in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.	2.03	1	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid
nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.	3.14	5	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
nisoxetine nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
nitrazepam Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).	4.33	6	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound	anticonvulsant; antispasmodic drug; drug metabolite; GABA modulator; sedative
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	3.3	6	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	2.92	4	0	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nizatidine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound; carboxamidine; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; cholinergic drug; H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	2.93	4	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.95	4	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	3.29	6	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cm 7116 norflutoprazepam: structure	2.13	1	0	benzodiazepine
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	6.36	17	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist	2.44	2	0	nitrobenzoic acid
ns 2028 NS 2028: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ns 1619 NS 1619: structure given in first source. NS 1619 : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced are replaced by 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. It is an opener/activator of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (Bkca).	2.44	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzimidazoles; phenols	potassium channel opener
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.	2.46	2	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
o(6)-benzylguanine O(6)-benzylguanine: a suicide inhibitor of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity	2.03	1	0
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	3.44	7	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
olomoucine olomoucine: inhibits protein P34CDC2. olomoucine : A 9H-purine that is substituted by a (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo, benzylnitrilo and a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 9, respectively. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.	2.74	3	0	2,6-diaminopurines; ethanolamines	EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	11.24	10	1	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
ondansetron Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.	2.94	4	0	carbazoles
orphenadrine Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.	4.84	11	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
oxamniquine Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.	2.05	1	0	aromatic primary alcohol; C-nitro compound; quinolines; secondary amino compound
oxaprozin Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	11.2	10	1	1,3-oxazoles; monocarboxylic acid	analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxatomide oxatomide: structure; an anti-allergic & an anti-asthmatic. oxatomide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one substituted by a 3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at position 1. It is an anti-allergic drug.	2.74	3	0	benzimidazoles; diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	5.64	10	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxethazaine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid amide
oxibendazole oxibendazole: structure	2.46	2	0	benzimidazoles; carbamate ester
oxiracetam oxiracetam: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
oxolinic acid quinolone antibiotic : An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.	2.03	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; enzyme inhibitor
oxotremorine Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.	1.96	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	3.1	5	0	aromatic ether
oxybenzone oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.	2.05	1	0	hydroxybenzophenone; monomethoxybenzene	dermatologic drug; environmental contaminant; protective agent; ultraviolet filter; xenobiotic
oxybutynin oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	2.07	1	0	acetylenic compound; carboxylic ester; racemate; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; calcium channel blocker; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; parasympatholytic
oxymetazoline Oxymetazoline: A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251). oxymetazoline : A member of the class of phenols that is 2,4-dimethylphenol which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl and tert-butyl groups, respectively. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to relieve nasal congestion.	1.96	1	0	carboxamidine; imidazolines; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	15.82	386	8	phenols; pyrazolidines	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	4.94	12	0	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).	2.03	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.	2.38	2	0	phenylalanine derivative
palmidrol palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.	2.44	2	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine	anti-inflammatory drug; anticonvulsant; antihypertensive agent; neuroprotective agent
pamidronate [no description available]	2.97	4	0	phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.	2.75	3	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	9.39	22	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
4-dichlorobenzene dichlorobenzene : Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.. 1,4-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4.	2.46	2	0	dichlorobenzene	insecticide
1,7-dimethylxanthine 1,7-dimethylxanthine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 7. It is a metabolite of caffeine and theobromine in animals.	2.03	1	0	dimethylxanthine	central nervous system stimulant; human blood serum metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.	2.89	4	0	aromatic amine
pd 169316 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-1H-imidazole: p38 MAP kinase inhibitor	2.05	1	0	imidazoles
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone	EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pemoline Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.	2.93	4	0	1,3-oxazoles	central nervous system stimulant
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	6.04	23	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline [no description available]	2.96	4	0	oxopurine
perazine Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.	2.05	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.	4.03	4	0	piperidines	cardiovascular drug
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	3.43	7	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	9	85	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.05	1	0	diaminopyridine; monoazo compound	anticoronaviral agent; carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
phenindione Phenindione: An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)	4.03	15	0	aromatic ketone; beta-diketone	anticoagulant
pheniramine Pheniramine: One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.	3.74	3	0	pyridines; tertiary amino compound
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	11.13	110	2	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenolphthalein Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.	4.04	4	0	phenols
phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.	4.26	3	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone	acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	3.65	10	0	aromatic amine
phentermine Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.	2.47	2	0	primary amine	adrenergic agent; appetite depressant; central nervous system drug; central nervous system stimulant; dopaminergic agent; sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.	2.13	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug
phenyl biguanide phenyl biguanide: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenyl biguanide : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.44	2	0	guanidines	central nervous system drug
phloretin [no description available]	4.31	6	0	dihydrochalcones	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
moxonidine moxonidine: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
picotamide picotamide: has anticoagulant & fibrinolytic properties; structure	2.44	2	0	benzamides
pilsicainide pilsicainide: structure given in first source. pilsicainide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the carboxy group of (tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a(5H)-yl)acetic acid. It is a sodium channel blocker which is used as an antiarrhythmic drug for the management of atrial tachyarrhythmias in Japan.	2.07	1	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary carboxamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)	3.31	6	0	pyridines
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	3.63	9	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	2.98	4	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipamperone pipamperone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pipamperone : A member of the class of bipiperidines that is 1,4'-bipiperidine which is substituted at the 1' and 4' positions by 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl and carboxamide groups, respectively. A first generation antipsychotic, its properties are generally similar to those of haloperidol.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ketone; bipiperidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pipemidic acid Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.	2.49	2	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; pyridopyrimidine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine [no description available]	7.92	4	0	azacycloalkane; piperazines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	anthelminthic drug
piperidine-4-sulfonic acid piperidine-4-sulfonic acid: specific GABA agonist	2.03	1	0
piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.	2.47	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pirenperone [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aromatic ketone
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	2	1	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piromidic acid Piromidic Acid: Antibacterial against mainly gram negative organisms. It is used for urinary tract and intestinal infections.. piromidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, substituted at position 2 by a pyrrolidin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic antibacterial which is used for the treatment of urinary tract and intestinal infections.	1.99	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyridopyrimidine; pyrrolidines; quinolone antibiotic; tertiary amino compound	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	4.94	7	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
potassium iodide Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals.	2.36	2	0	potassium salt	expectorant; radical scavenger
4-aminobenzoic acid para-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.. 4-aminobenzoate : An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-aminobenzoic acid.	1.93	1	0	aminobenzoate; aromatic amino-acid anion	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyranoprofen pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.37	2	0	pyridochromene
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	3.31	6	0	isoquinolines
prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.	3.1	5	0	aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	4.17	5	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	4.8	10	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	5.16	9	0	diarylmethane
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	10.82	101	1	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.	3.15	5	0	dithioketal; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	5.38	11	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	4.81	34	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	4.68	5	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.	4.58	8	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antiemetic; cholinergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.	2	1	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist
proglumide Proglumide: A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. It is used clinically in the drug therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers.. proglumide : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.. N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutamine : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-benzoylglutamic acid with dippropylamine.	2.03	1	0	benzamides; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; glutamine derivative; racemate	anti-ulcer drug; cholecystokinin antagonist; cholinergic antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; drug metabolite; gastrointestinal drug; opioid analgesic; xenobiotic metabolite
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	3.82	12	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.	6	22	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	2.41	2	0	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.	1.97	1	0	xanthenes
propentofylline [no description available]	2.44	2	0	oxopurine
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.	5.03	7	0	phenols	anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	7.11	30	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	3.1	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	2.68	3	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
proxyphylline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	oxopurine
pyridinolcarbamate Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)	2.66	3	0	pyridines
pyridostigmine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	4.46	7	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	3.78	11	0	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone 1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone: structure in first source. quinalizarin : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone having the four hydroxy groups at the 1-, 2-, 5- and 8-positions.	3.1	1	0	tetrahydroxyanthraquinone	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
rabeprazole Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.	2.96	4	0	1-benzothiophenes; aromatic ketone; N-oxyethylpiperidine; phenols	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ramifenazone ramifenazone: an NSAID; structure in first source	5.04	10	1	pyrazoles; ring assembly
ranitidine [no description available]	3.54	8	0	aralkylamine
opc 12759 rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase	2.05	1	0	secondary carboxamide
pf 5901 alpha-pentyl-3-(2-quinolinylmethoxy)benzenemethanol: structure given in first source; platelet activating factor antagonist	2.75	3	0	quinolines
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	3.43	7	0	benzothiazoles
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	3.43	7	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	2.75	3	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.	2.03	1	0	methoxybenzenes
rofecoxib [no description available]	2.05	1	0	butenolide; sulfone	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram [no description available]	2.47	2	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ronidazole Ronidazole: Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent used mainly in veterinary practice.. ronidazole : A carbamate ester that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by methyl and (carbamoyloxy)methyl groups, respectively. An antiprotozoal agent, it is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of histomoniasis and swine dysentery.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; carbamate ester; imidazoles	antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
saccharin Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.	1.96	1	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	environmental contaminant; sweetening agent; xenobiotic
safrole Safrole: A member of the BENZODIOXOLES that is a constituent of several VOLATILE OILS, notably SASSAFRAS oil. It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE and the drug N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA).. safrole : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole which is substituted by an allyl group at position 5. It is found in several plants, including black pepper, cinnamon and nutmeg, and is present in several essential oils, notably that of sassafras. It has insecticidal properties and has been used as a topical antiseptic. Although not thought to pose a significant carcinogenic risk to humans, findings of weak carcinogenicity in rats have resulted in the banning of its (previously widespread) use in perfumes and soaps, and as a food additive.	2.62	3	0	benzodioxoles	flavouring agent; insecticide; metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylamide salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source	3.84	3	0	phenols; salicylamides	antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.	2.03	1	0	ether; phenols; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
sanguinarine benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.	2.43	2	0	alkaloid antibiotic; benzophenanthridine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent
sb 202190 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase	2.44	2	0	imidazoles; organofluorine compound; phenols; pyridines	apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	3.05	5	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	2.05	1	0	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride	2.05	1	0	organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	11.84	21	1	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sobuzoxane sobuzoxane: used in treatment of leukemia L1210	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
sodium fluoride [no description available]	6.93	1	0	fluoride salt	mutagen
iodoacetic acid Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.	6.93	1	0	haloacetic acid; organoiodine compound	alkylating agent
risedronic acid Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.	2.47	2	0	pyridines
sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	2.96	4	0	ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; orphan drug; prodrug
spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.	2.41	2	0	aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
aldactazide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid lactone
spiroxatrine spiroxatrine: structure	2.44	2	0	imidazolidines
sq 22536 9-(tetrahydrofuryl)adenine : A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0	nucleoside analogue; oxolanes	EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	2.06	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
streptonigrin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyridines; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.	3.73	3	0	quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
sulfabenzamide sulfabenzamide : A sulfonamide containing a benzamido substituent on nitrogen. An antibacterial/antimicrobial, it is often used in conjunction with sulfathiazole and sulfacetamide as a topical, intravaginal antibacterial preparation.	2.77	3	0	benzenes; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial drug
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	3.06	5	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	5.65	15	0	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections.. sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine	1.94	1	0	sulfonamide antibiotic	antiinfective agent
sulfamerazine [no description available]	2.77	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen
sulfameter Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.68	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; leprostatic drug; renal agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	3.25	6	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.	4.69	9	0	sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	5.37	14	1	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamethoxypyridazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	4.84	11	0	pyridazines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfanilamide [no description available]	4.57	8	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	5.36	19	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.47	2	0	pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	4.8	10	0
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	4.52	4	0	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.	10.85	126	1	pyrazolidines; sulfoxide	uricosuric drug
sulfisomidine Sulfisomidine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfisomidine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	1.95	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	5.35	11	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sulfobromophthalein Sulfobromophthalein: A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination.	3.2	6	0	2-benzofurans; organobromine compound; organosulfonic acid; phenols	dye
sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.	2.05	1	0	isothiocyanate; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	alkylbenzene
sulpiride Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.	3.1	5	0	benzamides; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfonamide	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	2.94	4	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	4.03	4	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.	2.38	2	0	naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
suxibuzone suxibuzone : A pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone which is substituted by a 3-carboxypropanoylmethyl group at the 4-position. Suxibuzone is a prodrug for phenylbutazone and is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory drug in horses.	7.22	19	6	hemisuccinate; monocarboxylic acid; pyrazolidines	antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
t0156 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	naphthyridine derivative
gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.	2.75	3	0	N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene 1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene: potent phenobarbital-like inducer of microsomal monooxygenase activity; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
tegafur [no description available]	2.49	2	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
telenzepine telenzepine: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzodiazepine
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	4.54	4	0	benzodiazepine
temozolomide [no description available]	2.46	2	0	imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
terazosin Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia	2.95	4	0	furans; piperazines; primary amino compound; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.72	3	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	4.76	9	0	diarylmethane
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	3.09	5	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	2.07	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide: N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.	2.44	2	0	phosphoramide
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	8.06	5	0	phthalimides; piperidones
theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.	2.88	4	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	2.97	4	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
2-thiosalicylic acid 2-thiosalicylic acid: a degradation product of thimerosal; RN given refers to parent cpd. thiosalicylic acid : A sulfanylbenzoic acid that is the 2-sulfanyl derivative of benzoic acid.	1.97	1	0	sulfanylbenzoic acid	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	8.49	8	0	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	9.66	5	0	aziridines
thonzylamine thonzylamine: major descriptor (72-84); file-maintained to PYRIMIDINES	3.1	1	0	methoxybenzenes
tiaprofenic acid tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.	6.36	7	1	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	drug allergen; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tiaramide tiaramide: NTA-194, solantal, FK 1160 refer to mono-HCl salt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.95	1	0	benzothiazoles
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	3.31	6	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tilorone Tilorone: An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.. tilorone : A member of the class of fluoren-9-ones that is 9H-fluoren-9-one which is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethoxy group at positions 2 and 7. It is an interferon inducer and a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) agonist. Its hydrochloride salt is used as an antiviral drug.	2.35	2	0	aromatic ether; diether; fluoren-9-ones; tertiary amino compound	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; interferon inducer; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
tinidazole Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.	2.13	1	0	imidazoles	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.	3.78	2	1	N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	2.43	2	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
nikethamide Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)	3.55	9	0	pyridinecarboxamide
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	3.3	6	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolazoline Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.	2.86	4	0	imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	10.05	70	1	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
tolmetin Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.	9.65	28	3	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrroles	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
tolperisone Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)	2.39	2	0	aromatic ketone
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid: a GABA-C receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ici 136,753 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	pyrazolopyridine
ultram 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.	2.43	2	0	aromatic ether; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.	2.05	1	0	amino acid
trapidil Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.	2.41	2	0	triazolopyrimidines
trazodone Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.	2.94	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazolopyridine	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
tremorine [no description available]	2.35	2	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	4.2	5	0	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
triazolam Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.	2.73	3	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	sedative
trichlormethiazide Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.	2.49	2	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide antibiotic	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
triclosan [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trifluoperazine [no description available]	4.46	7	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.	3.81	3	0	organofluorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
trimeprazine Trimeprazine: A phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic.	1.94	1	0	phenothiazines
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	3.1	5	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	11.53	26	2	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	2.05	1	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tripelennamine Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.	3.96	4	0	aromatic amine
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.	4.25	5	0	chromanes; thiazolidinone	anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
tropicamide Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.	2.03	1	0	acetamides
tyramine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
tyrphostin a9 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	alkylbenzene	geroprotector
urapidil [no description available]	2.41	2	0	piperazines
urethane [no description available]	4.98	5	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
venlafaxine venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.	2.73	3	0	cyclohexanols; monomethoxybenzene; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; serotonin uptake inhibitor; xenobiotic
vesamicol vesamicol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.13	1	0	piperidines
vesnarinone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
vigabatrin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
wb 4101 N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine bearing a [(2',6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]methyl group at position 2. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxine; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines
8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine 8-(4-((2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylmethyloxy)phenyl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine: adenosine receptor antagonist	2.44	2	0
xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.	2.41	2	0	1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole: antineoplastic; activates platelet guanylate cyclase; a radiosensitizing agent and guanylate cyclase activator; structure in first source. lificiguat : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation.	2.44	2	0	aromatic primary alcohol; furans; indazoles	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; soluble guanylate cyclase activator; vasodilator agent
ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	3.15	5	0	carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist
zardaverine zardaverine: structure given in first source. zardaverine : A pyridazinone derivative in which pyridazin-3(2H)-one is substituted at C-6 with a 4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl group. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, selective for PDE3 and 4.	2.03	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyridazinone	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; peripheral nervous system drug
zolpidem Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.	2.97	4	0	imidazopyridine	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; sedative
zomepirac zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	5.12	8	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	cardiovascular drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zopiclone zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.	2.49	2	0	monochloropyridine; pyrrolopyrazine	central nervous system depressant; sedative
guanidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic chloride salt	protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.49	2	0	cortisol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.	2.45	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	4.01	4	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
oxyphenonium bromide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
oxyphenonium Oxyphenonium: A quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent with peripheral side effects similar to those of ATROPINE. It is used as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and to relieve visceral spasms. The drug has also been used in the form of eye drops for mydriatic effect.	2.68	3	0	acylcholine
corticosterone [no description available]	11.25	20	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	12.4	209	7	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.	4.01	4	0	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine.	9.83	11	0	ergoline alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	dopamine agonist; hallucinogen; serotonergic agonist
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	8.08	70	0	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.	2.92	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.35	7	0	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	2.75	3	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups.	2.35	2	0	pyrimidone	hyperglycemic agent; metabolite
thymidine [no description available]	3.2	6	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	3.17	5	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.67	3	0	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
procaine hydrochloride Gerovital H3: Contains mainly procaine & small amounts of benzoic acid, potassium metabisulfite & disodium phosphate	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
triethylenemelamine Triethylenemelamine: Toxic alkylating agent used in industry; also as antineoplastic and research tool to produce chromosome aberrations and cancers.	2.34	2	0	1,3,5-triazines	alkylating agent; insect sterilant
2-aminophenol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	aminophenol	bacterial metabolite
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	2.05	1	0	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.	2.4	2	0
isoproterenol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.96	4	0	catechols
hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.	5.95	21	0	4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid: structure given in first source. 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid : A chlorobenzoic acid carrying chloro substituents at positions 3 and 4.	1.95	1	0	chlorobenzoic acid
histamine dihydrochloride Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.	2.45	2	0
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	6.86	29	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
neostigmine methylsulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	arylammonium sulfate salt	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	2.39	2	0	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	3.07	5	0	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.	2.05	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	5.31	10	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer	2.51	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
cyclobarbital cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
aldosterone [no description available]	4.65	9	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
allobarbital allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	12.8	40	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
trichlorfon Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.49	2	0	organic phosphonate; organochlorine compound; phosphonic ester	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
norethandrolone Norethandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties and moderate progestational activity.	1.94	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
famophos famophos: structure	1.96	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
tetrahydrocortisol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	12.63	184	9	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
tetrahydrocortisone [no description available]	3.1	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	5.31	10	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
paramethasone Paramethasone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than HYDROCORTISONE with supplementary FLUDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p737)	4.02	15	0	fluorinated steroid
oxandrolone Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.	2.38	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; oxa-steroid	anabolic agent; androgen
androsterone [no description available]	4.97	7	0	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid	androgen; anticonvulsant; human blood serum metabolite; human metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; pheromone
etiocholanolone Etiocholanolone: The 5-beta-reduced isomer of ANDROSTERONE. Etiocholanolone is a major metabolite of TESTOSTERONE and ANDROSTENEDIONE in many mammalian species including humans. It is excreted in the URINE.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstan-17-one : An androstanoid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone in mammals.	3.1	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	3.77	3	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
promazine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride
nad [no description available]	2.05	1	0	NAD	geroprotector
n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene: structure	1.96	1	0
hydroxyacetylaminofluorene Hydroxyacetylaminofluorene: A N-hydroxylated derivative of 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE that has demonstrated carcinogenic action.	3.1	1	0	2-acetamidofluorenes
2-acetylaminofluorene 2-Acetylaminofluorene: A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.	2.05	1	0	2-acetamidofluorenes	antimitotic; carcinogenic agent; epitope; mutagen
adrenochrome Adrenochrome: Pigment obtained by the oxidation of epinephrine.	1.94	1	0	indoles
azauridine Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic.	2.13	1	0	N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	5.69	27	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
idoxuridine [no description available]	3.78	3	0	organoiodine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
metaraminol Metaraminol: A sympathomimetic agent that acts predominantly at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. metaraminol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 2-amino-1-phenylethanol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a phenolic hydroxy group at position 1. A sympathomimetic agent , it is used in the treatment of hypotension.	2.07	1	0	phenylethanolamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
pilocarpine hydrochloride pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	3.48	8	0	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide: A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.	2.75	3	0	N-arylpiperazine; organic iodide salt; piperazinium salt; quaternary ammonium salt	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.	3.04	5	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	10.15	15	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
isonicotinic acid isonicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring.	2.05	1	0	pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite
racepinephrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
(4-(m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium chloride (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride: A drug that selectively activates certain subclasses of muscarinic receptors and also activates postganglionic nicotinic receptors. It is commonly used experimentally to distinguish muscarinic receptor subtypes.	2.44	2	0
methyldimethylaminoazobenzene Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene: A very potent liver carcinogen.. 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene : A member of the class of azobenzenes that is azobenzene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group, while the other is substituted at position 4 by a dimethylamino group. It is a potent liver carcinogen.	1.97	1	0
isoflurophate Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	1.94	1	0	dialkyl phosphate
hexamethonium bromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
biguanides Biguanides: Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.. biguanides : A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton.	1.94	1	0	guanidines
cystamine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	4.93	12	0	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
cantharidin Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.	2.44	2	0	cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; monoterpenoid	EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; herbicide
tetraethylammonium chloride tetraethylammonium chloride : A quarternary ammonium chloride salt in which the cation has four ethyl substituents around the central nitrogen.	2.44	2	0	organic chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	potassium channel blocker
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.38	2	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.64	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone acetate Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone.	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
benz(a)anthracene benz(a)anthracene: 4 fused rings of which one is angular in contrast to the linear NAPHTHACENES. tetraphene : An angular ortho-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings.	3.1	1	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	9.71	99	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.03	1	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	8.08	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	4.95	9	1	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benzyltrimethylammonium chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cetrimonium bromide cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.	2.46	2	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	detergent; surfactant
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	5.34	11	0	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
vincristine [no description available]	2.74	3	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	3.6	9	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	3.05	5	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	5.4	11	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
chlordan Chlordan: A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	5.16	9	0	cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.05	1	0	steroid ester
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	1.94	1	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	3.48	2	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	3.09	5	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	15.49	489	11	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	3.98	4	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
promethazine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	3.2	6	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	6.04	23	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	2.46	2	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
uridine [no description available]	2.69	3	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	2.87	4	0	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	2.03	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	2.63	3	0	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	1.98	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
piperoxan Piperoxan: A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been used to diagnose PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and as an antihypertensive agent.	1.96	1	0
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	2.67	3	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	3.15	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
tolazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzenes
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	3.82	12	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
p-dimethylaminoazobenzene p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene: A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)	1.97	1	0	azobenzenes
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	5.6	10	2	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.	2.87	4	0	amine; thiol	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.	2.77	3	0	quaternary ammonium salt
phlorhizin [no description available]	3.04	1	0	aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative	antioxidant; plant metabolite
mepazine mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.	2.63	3	0	phenothiazines
acepromazine Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10.	9.45	7	0	aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; phenothiazines; tertiary amino compound	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
methoxamine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	dimethoxybenzene
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	2.35	2	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
papaverine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	1.94	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
niridazole Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.	3.48	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	3.06	5	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	1.95	1	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
bretylium tosylate Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.75	3	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	6.81	28	0	benzoxazole
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	3.74	11	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitrobenzoic acid 4-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzoic acid : A nitrobenzoic acid having the nitro group at the 4-position.	1.95	1	0	nitrobenzoic acid
berlition berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.	2.03	1	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; lipoic acid; thia fatty acid	cofactor; nutraceutical; prosthetic group
methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)	2.47	2	0	quaternary ammonium salt
aniline [no description available]	3.47	2	0	anilines; primary arylamine
dimethylnitrosamine Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.	2.46	2	0	nitrosamine	geroprotector; mutagen
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	3.11	5	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
carbaryl Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.4	2	0	carbamate ester; naphthalenes	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant growth retardant
cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.	1.96	1	0	cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	4.47	5	1	lactose
primaquine phosphate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	4.43	7	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.63	3	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Mebutamate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	5.43	12	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	11.85	153	2	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
gallamine triethiodide Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)	2.74	3	0
cytidine [no description available]	1.95	1	0	cytidines	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uracil mustard Uracil Mustard: Nitrogen mustard derivative of URACIL. It is a alkylating antineoplastic agent that is used in lymphatic malignancies, and causes mainly gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage.	2.46	2	0	aminouracil; nitrogen mustard
oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.	4.27	3	0	penicillin	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	4.66	9	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	2.03	1	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
barbituric acid barbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure from Merck Index, 9th ed, #966. barbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active.	2.63	3	0	barbiturates	allergen; xenobiotic
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	3.57	9	0	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
fluocinolone acetonide Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.	3.35	7	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2.38	2	0	formamides; volatile organic compound	geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent
norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.	4.36	6	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.	4.18	5	0	oxo steroid
cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).	2.03	1	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion	antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
triaziquone Triaziquone: Alkylating antineoplastic agent used mainly for ovarian tumors. It is toxic to skin, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and kidneys.. triaziquone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which three of the ring hydrogens are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups.	7.86	4	0	1,4-benzoquinones; aziridines	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
benziodarone benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)	2.05	1	0	aromatic ketone
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	4.05	4	0	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
quinacrine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
chlorpromazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	4.94	12	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	3.37	7	0	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
cytarabine [no description available]	2.92	4	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	2.13	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
thurfyl nicotinate [no description available]	1.93	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
dinitrofluorobenzene Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.	1.95	1	0	C-nitro compound; organofluorine compound	agrochemical; allergen; chromatographic reagent; EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor; protein-sequencing agent; spectrophotometric reagent
asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.	1.99	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxypropiophenone [no description available]	2.39	2	0	acetophenones
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	4.14	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	3.13	5	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt	dye
isopropamide iodide isopropamide iodide: was heading 1965-94; use AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS to search ISOPROPAMIDE IODIDE 1966-94	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	1.95	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol [no description available]	3.49	8	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; aromatic ether; terminal acetylenic compound	prodrug; xenoestrogen
methaqualone Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.	3.06	5	0	quinazolines	GABA agonist; sedative
alizarin [no description available]	3.1	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	chromophore; dye; plant metabolite
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane: An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)	4.83	2	1	chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	xenobiotic metabolite
trypan blue VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.	2.05	1	0
methandrostenolone Methandrostenolone: A synthetic steroid with anabolic properties that are more pronounced than its androgenic effects. It has little progestational activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1188)	6.94	1	0	organic molecular entity
cordycepin [no description available]	2.4	2	0	3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines	antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	4.49	24	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lidocaine hydrochloride lidocaine hydrochloride : The anhydrous form of the hydrochloride salt of lidocaine.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic
4-chlorobenzoic acid 4-chlorobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-chlorobenzoic acid : A monochlorobenzoic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4.	1.95	1	0	monochlorobenzoic acid	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	3.11	5	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
ethyl chloride Ethyl Chloride: A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine.. chloroethane : The simplest and least toxic member of the class of chloroethanes, that is ethane in which a single hydrogen is substituted by a chlorine. A colourless gas at room temperature and pressure (boiling point 12degreeC), it is used as a mild topical anaesthetic to numb the skin prior to ear piercing, skin biopsies, etc., and is also used in the treatment of sports injuries. It was formerly used in the production of tetraethyllead.	1.94	1	0	chloroethanes	antipruritic drug; inhalation anaesthetic; local anaesthetic
ethylamine ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.	2.35	2	0	primary aliphatic amine	human metabolite
carbon disulfide Carbon Disulfide: A colorless, flammable, poisonous liquid, CS2. It is used as a solvent, and is a counterirritant and has local anesthetic properties but is not used as such. It is highly toxic with pronounced CNS, hematologic, and dermatologic effects.	1.95	1	0	one-carbon compound; organosulfur compound
tetramethylammonium tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.	1.96	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.	2.38	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	5.43	15	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
bromcresol green Bromcresol Green: An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator.	2.38	2	0	benzofurans
allylpropymal allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	2.37	2	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
ethoheptazine ethoheptazine: major descriptor (65-83); on-line search AZEPINES (65-83); Index Medicus search ETHOHEPTAZINE (65-83); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.73	2	0	azepanes
butobarbital butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)	2.05	1	0	barbiturates
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	2.89	4	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
pentaerythritol tetranitrate Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate: A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a more prolonged duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1025). pentaerythritol tetranitrate : A pentaerythritol nitrate in which all four hydroxy groups of pentaerythritol have been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate, but with a more prolonged duration of action, and is used for treatment of angina pectoris. It is also one of the most powerful high explosives known and is a component of the plastic explosive known as Semtex.	1.94	1	0	pentaerythritol nitrate	explosive; vasodilator agent
triparanol Triparanol: Antilipemic agent with high ophthalmic toxicity. According to Merck Index, 11th ed, the compound was withdrawn from the market in 1962 because of its association with the formation of irreversible cataracts.	1.94	1	0	stilbenoid	anticoronaviral agent
azobis(isobutyronitrile) azobis(isobutyronitrile): blowing agent for elastomers & plastics; initiator for free radical reactions; structure	1.98	1	0
linalool linalool: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. linalool : A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum.	3.1	1	0	monoterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	antimicrobial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	2.75	3	0	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
pempidine Pempidine: A nicotinic antagonist most commonly used as an experimental tool. It has been used as a ganglionic blocker in the treatment of hypertension but has largely been supplanted for that purpose by more specific drugs.	1.93	1	0	piperidines
pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.	1.93	1	0	pantothenic acid; vitamin B5	antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite
dehydrocholic acid Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.	2.49	2	0	12-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; 7-oxo steroid; oxo-5beta-cholanic acid	gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	2.07	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure given in first source. quinizarin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone having the two hydroxy substituents at the 1- and 4-positions; formally derived from anthraquinone by replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxy groups	3.1	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	dye
cyclizine Cyclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935). cyclizine : An N-alkylpiperazine in which one nitrogen of the piperazine ring is substituted by a methyl group, while the other is substituted by a diphenylmethyl group.	5.07	8	0	N-alkylpiperazine	antiemetic; central nervous system depressant; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	11.11	31	1	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	3.11	5	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
9,10-phenanthrenequinone 9,10-phenanthrenequinone: structure	2.13	1	0	phenanthrenes
2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone 2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure given in first source. anthraflavic acid : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene substituted by hydroxy groups at C-3 and C-7 and oxo groups at C-9 and C-10.	3.1	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	antimutagen; plant metabolite
9,10-anthraquinone 9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.	3.1	1	0	anthraquinone
diquat Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.	2.05	1	0	organic cation	defoliant; herbicide
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	3.2	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
salicylanilide salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.	1.93	1	0	benzanilide fungicide; salicylamides; salicylanilides
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	2.75	3	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
hexachlorobutadiene hexachlorobutadiene: a potent nephrotoxicant in rats; structure	2.05	1	0	organochlorine compound
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source	3.73	3	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones
2-nitrophenol nitrophenol : Any member of the class of phenols or substituted phenols carrying at least 1 nitro group.	1.95	1	0	2-nitrophenols
thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.	3.53	2	0	monoterpenoid; phenols	volatile oil component
1-naphthol 1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.. hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups.	3.53	2	0	naphthol	genotoxin; human xenobiotic metabolite
2-aminodiphenyl aminobiphenyl : Any member of the class of biphenyls in which the biphenyl skeleton is substituted by at least one amino group.	3.1	1	0
2-phenylphenol 2-phenylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-2-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.	3.1	1	0	hydroxybiphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; environmental food contaminant
pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.	2.46	2	0	phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	2.35	2	0	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
quinoline [no description available]	3.1	1	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines
2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2.	3.1	1	0	naphthylamine	carcinogenic agent
phenidone phenidone: photographic developer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.38	2	0
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	4.9	38	0	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
4-biphenylamine 4-biphenylamine: used in detection of sulfates, & as a carcinogen in cancer research; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-4-amine : An aminobiphenyl that is biphenyl substituted by an amino group at position 4.	3.1	1	0	aminobiphenyl	carcinogenic agent
4-phenylphenol 4-phenylphenol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. biphenyl-4-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl carrying a hydroxy group at position 4.	3.1	1	0	hydroxybiphenyls
xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.	2.64	3	0	xanthene
phenothiazine 10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.	3.22	6	0	phenothiazine	ferroptosis inhibitor; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
benzidine benzidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group.	3.5	2	0	biphenyls; substituted aniline	carcinogenic agent
4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl biphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl with hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4'.	3.1	1	0	hydroxybiphenyls
2-naphthoic acid 2-naphthoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthoic acid : A naphthoic acid that is naphthalene carrying a carboxy group at position 2.	2.36	2	0	naphthoic acid	mouse metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite
methyl nicotinate methyl nicotinate: erythema provoked is basis of a methylnicotinate test of anti-inflammatories	1.97	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
mecoprop mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes
synephrine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	3.1	1	0	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
sulfaethidole sulfaethidole: minor descriptor (66-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SULFATHIAZOLES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	2.13	1	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2-methylindole 2-methylindole: SKATOLE refers to 3-methylindole; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2-methyl-1H-indole : A methylindole that is 1H-indole substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	1.93	1	0	methylindole
2-bromophenol bromophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms.	2.46	2	0	bromophenol	marine metabolite
4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	5.15	5	2	butan-4-olide	metabolite; neurotoxin
iophenoxic acid iophenoxic acid: structure	2.41	2	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
5-nitrosalicylic acid 5-nitrosalicylic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy group is ortho- to the carboxylic acid group and which has a nitro substituent para- to the phenolic hydroxy group.	1.95	1	0	4-nitrophenols; monohydroxybenzoic acid
phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate: The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.. 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate : A ribose diphosphate carrying an additional phosphate group at position 5.. 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate : A derivative of alpha-D-ribose having a phosphate group at the 5-position and a diphosphate at the 1-position.	1.96	1	0	5-O-phosphono-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
arsanilic acid Arsanilic Acid: An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.	2.13	1	0	organoarsonic acid
butylphen butylphen: irritant; structure. 4-tert-butylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted with a tert-butyl group at position 4.	3.1	1	0	phenols	allergen
3-aminobenzoic acid 3-aminobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid carrying an amino group at position 3.	2.13	1	0	aminobenzoic acid
3-hydroxybenzoic acid 3-hydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from Taxus baccata. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of plasticisers, resins, pharmaceuticals, etc.	1.95	1	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	bacterial metabolite; plant metabolite
3-nitroaniline 3-nitroaniline: used as a sole source of nitrogen , carbon and energy	1.95	1	0
3-dinitrobenzene dinitrobenzene : Any member of the class of nitrobenzenes that consists of a benzene ring substituted by two nitro groups. A closed class.. 1,3-dinitrobenzene : A dinitrobenzene that is benzene disubstituted at positions 1 and 3 with nitro groups.	2.05	1	0	dinitrobenzene	neurotoxin
methylparaben methylparaben: used as a preservative in cosmetics but potentiates UV-induced damage of skin; RN given refers to parent cpd. methylparaben : A 4-hydroxybenzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol. It is the most frequently used antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. It occurs naturally in several fruits, particularly in blueberries.	3.1	1	0	paraben	antifungal agent; antimicrobial food preservative; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
4-isopropylphenol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	phenols	flavouring agent
4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'.	3.1	1	0	monohydroxyacetophenone	fungal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
4-toluic acid 4-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. p-toluic acid : A methylbenzoic acid in which the methyl substituent is located at position 4.	1.95	1	0	methylbenzoic acid
4-nitroaniline [no description available]	1.95	1	0	nitroaniline	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is benzaldehyde carrying a dimethylamino substituent at position 4. Used as an indicator for detection of indoles and hydrazine.	1.97	1	0	benzaldehydes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	chromogenic compound
benzylamine aminotoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more amino groups.	2	1	0	aralkylamine; primary amine	allergen; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.	1.95	1	0	quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent
cyclamic acid Cyclamates: Salts and esters of cyclamic acid.. cyclohexylsulfamic acid : A member of the class of sulfamic acids that is sulfamic acid carrying an N-cyclohexyl substituent.	4.3	6	0	sulfamic acids	environmental contaminant; human xenobiotic metabolite
pyridostigmine bromide Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.	3.1	5	0	pyridinium salt
4-benzylphenol 4-benzylphenol: metabolite of diphenylmethane; RN given refers to parent cpd	3.1	1	0
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane : An aromatic amine that is diphenylmethane substituted at the 4-position of each benzene ring by an amino group.	2.46	2	0	aromatic amine	allergen; carcinogenic agent
phenylisothiocyanate phenylisothiocyanate: structure. phenyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenyl group attached to the nitrogen; used for amino acid sequencing in the Edman degradation.	2.46	2	0	isothiocyanate	allergen; reagent
2-ethylhexanol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	primary alcohol	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
4-bromophenol 4-bromophenol : A bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.	2.46	2	0	bromophenol	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine metabolite; mouse metabolite; persistent organic pollutant; rat metabolite
4-toluidine 4-toluidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-toluidine : An aminotoluene in which the amino substituent is para to the methyl group.	1.95	1	0	aminotoluene
acrolein [no description available]	2.02	1	0	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
2-bromoethylamine [no description available]	2.94	4	0
allyl alcohol allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.	2.46	2	0	primary allylic alcohol; propenol	antibacterial agent; fungicide; herbicide; insecticide; plant metabolite
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	2.38	2	0	alkane
deanol Deanol: An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.. N,N-dimethylethanolamine : A tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.	2.34	2	0	ethanolamines; tertiary amine	curing agent; radical scavenger
bromobenzene [no description available]	2.46	2	0	bromoarene; bromobenzenes; volatile organic compound	hepatotoxic agent; mouse metabolite; non-polar solvent
4-methylmorpholine [no description available]	1.93	1	0
n-pentanoic acid n-pentanoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. valeric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms.	2.05	1	0	short-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	plant metabolite
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	6.2	13	3	pyrrole; secondary amine
furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.	2.05	1	0	furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	5.53	17	1	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
thiodipropionic acid thiodipropionic acid: structure	2.13	1	0	dicarboxylic acid
ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.	2.65	3	0	peptide ergot alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
imipramine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant
neostigmine bromide neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.	2.98	4	0	bromide salt
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	4.69	5	0	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
2,2,2-trichloroethanol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	chloroethanol	mouse metabolite
oxyphenisatin acetate Oxyphenisatin Acetate: A laxative that undergoes enterohepatic circulation. It may cause jaundice.	3.97	2	0	benzoate ester; phenols
mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.93	4	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant
bromphenol blue Bromphenol Blue: A dye that has been used as an industrial dye, a laboratory indicator, and a biological stain.. bromophenol blue : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. It is used as a laboratory indicator, changing from yellow below pH 3 to purple at pH 4.6, and as a size marker for monitoring the progress of agarose gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It has also been used as an industrial dye.	2.38	2	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; organobromine compound; phenols; sultone	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
edrophonium chloride edrophonium chloride : The chloride salt of edrophonium. A reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes), it is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.	2.98	4	0	chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	antidote; diagnostic agent; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
anthrarufin 1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone: used in ferric ion sensing as an inclusion complex with beta-cyclodextrin; structure in first source. anthrarufin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 5.	3.1	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone
maltol maltol: found in bark of young larch trees; isolated from Passiflora incarnata; possesses depressant properties in mice; potentiates hexobarbital-induced narcosis & inhibits spontaneous motor activity; structure	2.44	2	0	4-pyranones	metabolite
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	2.39	2	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
2-toluic acid 2-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. o-toluic acid : A methylbenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	3.1	1	0	methylbenzoic acid	xenobiotic metabolite
2-chlorobenzoic acid 2-chlorobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. chlorobenzoic acid : Any member of the class of benzoic acids in which the benzene ring is substituted by at least one chloro group.. 2-chlorobenzoic acid : A monochlorobenzoic acid having the chloro group at the 2-position.	1.95	1	0	2-halobenzoic acid; monochlorobenzoic acid	plant hormone; plant metabolite
trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.	2.37	2	0	trinitrotoluene	explosive
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	4.16	5	0	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
5-iodosalicylic acid 5-iodosalicylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.95	1	0
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate: structure	3.1	1	0	ethyl ester; paraben	antifungal agent; antimicrobial food preservative; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
sulfoxide sulfoxide: synergistic insecticide for use with pyrethrum, allethrin, rotenone, ryania, etc.; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. sulfoxide : An organosulfur compound having the structure R2S=O or R2C=S=O (R =/= H).	2.62	3	0	benzodioxoles
3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole : An aromatic ether that is 4-methoxyphenol in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a tert-butyl group.	3.1	1	0	aromatic ether; phenols	antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite
vanillic acid Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.	1.93	1	0	methoxybenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid	plant metabolite
3-nitrobenzoic acid 3-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.95	1	0
suramin sodium suramin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the hexasodium salt of suramin. It is an FDA approved drug for African sleeping sickness and river blindness.	2.44	2	0	organic sodium salt	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
pyrazolanthrone pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.	2.74	3	0	anthrapyrazole; aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone	antineoplastic agent; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; geroprotector
di-n-pentyl phthalate dipentyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the dipentyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	2.46	2	0	diester; phthalate ester	plasticiser
meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.	7.39	2	0	hexosamine; secondary amino compound
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	4.76	10	0	quinolines
iodohippuric acid Iodohippuric Acid: An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.. 2-iodohippuric acid : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-iodobenzoic acid with the amino group of glycine.	2.63	3	0	benzamides; N-acylglycine; organoiodine compound
uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism.	1.94	1	0	UDP-D-glucose	fundamental metabolite
3,5-diiodosalicylic acid 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.95	1	0
1-naphthylamine 1-Naphthylamine: A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.. naphthylamine : A primary arylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at unspecified position.. 1-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1.	3.1	1	0	naphthylamine	human xenobiotic metabolite
2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.	3.97	4	0	naphthol	antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
methapyrilene hydrochloride methapyrilene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of methapyrilene.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	anti-allergic agent; carcinogenic agent; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative
phenazopyridine hydrochloride phenazopyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining phenazopyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.77	3	0	hydrochloride	carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
tetrracaine hydrochloride leocaine: a crystal beta-modification of the beta-dimethylaminoethyl ether of n-butylaminobenzoic acid hydrochloride	2.98	4	0	benzoate ester
dextrothyroxine Dextrothyroxine: The dextrorotary isomer of the synthetic THYROXINE.. D-thyroxine : The D-enantiomer of thyroxine.	3.45	2	0	D-tyrosine derivative; thyroxine
shikimic acid Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.	3.1	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chelidamic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
protocatechualdehyde protocatechualdehyde: found in wheat grains, wheat seedlings, & other plants; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also rancinamycins; structure	2.13	1	0	dihydroxybenzaldehyde
sterogenol hexadecylpyridinium bromide: structure in first source. cetylpyridinium bromide : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and bromide as the anion.	2.05	1	0	bromide salt; pyridinium salt	antiseptic drug; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; surfactant
citronellol citronellol: alcohol form of citronellal; found in rose oil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. citronellol : A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.. insect repellent : An insecticide that acts as a repellent to insects.	3.1	1	0	monoterpenoid	plant metabolite
hexanoic acid hexanoic acid : A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.	3.1	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human metabolite; plant metabolite
pregnenolone [no description available]	3.47	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: A biologically active 20-alpha-reduced metabolite of PROGESTERONE. It is converted from progesterone to 20-alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by the 20-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE in the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA.	2.13	1	0	20-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	2.89	4	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
2-chloroadenosine 5-chloroformycin A: structure given in first source	2.75	3	0	purine nucleoside
diphenhydramine hydrochloride Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.	3.76	11	0	hydrochloride; organoammonium salt	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; sedative
nafcillin Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.	2.41	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	3.47	2	0	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
2-vanillin ortho-vanillin : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is salicylaldehyde substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.	1.93	1	0	benzaldehydes; guaiacols	antimutagen; plant metabolite
mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd	3.53	2	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols	metabolite
methohexital Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.	2.34	2	0	acetylenic compound; barbiturates	drug allergen; intravenous anaesthetic
quinestrol Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)	2.49	2	0	17-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
cycloguanil cycloguanil: the active metabolite of proguanil; antifolate drug; structure in first source. cycloguanil : A triazine in which a 1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine ring is substituted at N-1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group, at C-2 and -4 by amino groups and at C-6 by gem-dimethyl groups. A dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it is a metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil.	2.05	1	0	triazines	antifolate; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
dydrogesterone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid	progestin
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	3.48	2	0	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
tripelennamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.77	3	0
phenetidine Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin.	3.1	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	drug metabolite
cysteamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
diazooxonorleucine Diazooxonorleucine: An amino acid that inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase and interferes with glutamine metabolism. It is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by an unidentified species of Streptomyces from Peruvian soil. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-norleucine which is substituted at position 5 by an oxo group and at position 6 by a diazo group. It is as inhibitor of various glutamine-utilising enzymes.	1.95	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; diazo compound; ketone; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	analgesic; antibacterial agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.4.2.14 (amidophosphoribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.2 (glutaminase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.4.2 [CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolyzing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.1 [NAD(+) synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.2 [GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.3 (phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.4 [asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.5 [carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; glutamine antagonist
quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.	4.72	7	1	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	3.73	3	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.	3.83	12	0	indazole
benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.	2.64	3	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	1.95	1	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	4.03	15	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	8.22	29	2	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
pyridazine pyridazine: structure given in first source	1.95	1	0	diazine; pyridazines
pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.	4.59	6	1	diazine; pyrazines	Daphnia magna metabolite
ethynodiol diacetate Ethynodiol Diacetate: A synthetic progestational hormone used alone or in combination with estrogens as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	2.46	2	0	steroid ester; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; estrogen receptor modulator; synthetic oral contraceptive
propantheline bromide [no description available]	2.75	3	0	xanthenes
nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.	2.87	4	0	organic cation
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	4.76	10	0	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
allylisopropylacetamide Allylisopropylacetamide: An allylic compound that acts as a suicide inactivator of CYTOCHROME P450 by covalently binding to its heme moiety or surrounding protein.	2.35	2	0
diiodotyrosine Diiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of MONOIODOTYROSINE. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, diiodotyrosine residues are coupled with other monoiodotyrosine or diiodotyrosine residues to form T4 or T3 thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE).. diiodotyrosine : A dihalogenated L-tyrosine which has two iodo-substituents on the benzyl moiety.. 3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine : A diiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying iodo-substituents at positions C-3 and C-5 of the benzyl group. It is an intermediate in the thyroid hormone synthesis.	1.94	1	0	diiodotyrosine; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	10.43	12	0	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	2.49	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
benactyzine Benactyzine: A centrally acting muscarinic antagonist. Benactyzine has been used in the treatment of depression and is used in research to investigate the role of cholinergic systems on behavior.	2.34	2	0	diarylmethane
gamma-resorcylic acid [no description available]	1.95	1	0	dihydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
hydralazine hydrochloride hydralazine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
ethamivan ethamivan: minor descriptor (65-72); major descriptor (73-86); on-line search BENZAMIDES (66-86); INDEX MEDICUS search BENZAMIDES (65-72); ETHAMIVAN (73-86). etamivan : Phenol substituted at C-2 and C-4 by a methoxy group and an N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl group respectively. A respiratory stimulant drug related to nikethamide, it has now fallen largely into disuse.	2.47	2	0	methoxybenzenes; phenols
pargyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	2.39	2	0	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
monocrotaline Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.	2.46	2	0	pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	heptanoate ester; sterol ester	androgen
opipramol Opipramol: A tricyclic antidepressant with actions similar to AMITRIPTYLINE.	1.94	1	0	dibenzoazepine
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	2.89	4	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	2.96	4	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
3,5-dichlorosalicylic acid 3,5-dichlorosalicylic acid: structure in first source	1.95	1	0	chlorobenzoic acid
5-chlorosalicylic acid 5-chlorosalicylic acid: major metabolite of meseclazone; RN given refers to parent cpd. 5-chlorosalicylic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by chlorine.	7.65	3	0	chlorobenzoic acid; monochlorobenzenes; monohydroxybenzoic acid
phenyramidol phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity	2.05	1	0	aminopyridine
6-aminonicotinamide 6-Aminonicotinamide: A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.. 6-aminonicotinamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-aminonicotinic acid with ammonia. An inhibitor of the NADP(+)-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, it interferes with glycolysis, resulting in ATP depletion and synergizes with DNA-crosslinking chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, in killing cancer cells.	1.95	1	0	aminopyridine; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary amino compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.1.1.44 (NADP(+)-dependent decarboxylating phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; teratogenic agent
carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)	9.48	4	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
orphenadrine hydrochloride orphenadrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of ophenadrine and hydrogen chloride.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
pseudoephedrine hydrochloride pseudoephedrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of pseudoephedrine.	2.46	2	0	hydrochloride	plant metabolite
fluocinonide Fluocinonide: A topical glucocorticoid used in the treatment of ECZEMA.	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	2.05	1	0	steroid ester
methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches.	3.73	11	0	ergoline alkaloid
bucladesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; butanamides; butyrate ester	agonist; cardiotonic drug; vasodilator agent
phenylbenzoquinone phenylbenzoquinone: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.38	2	0
procarbazine hydrochloride procarbazine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining procarbazine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	2.46	2	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	6.05	29	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
4-hydroxyphenobarbital [no description available]	3.1	1	0	barbiturates
prenylamine Prenylamine: A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(n,n-dimethyl-n-2-propenyl-), dibromide Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide: Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor.	2.44	2	0
perflubron perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.	2.05	1	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; perfluorinated compound	blood substitute; radioopaque medium
fluorometholone Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate [no description available]	3.15	5	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; chlorinated steroid; steroid ester	androgen antagonist; geroprotector; progestin
lithocholic acid Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.	3.82	3	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.	2.63	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	human metabolite
xanthinol niacinate Xanthinol Niacinate: A vasodilator used in peripheral vascular disorders and insufficiency. It may cause gastric discomfort and hypotension.	2.39	2	0
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	9.91	12	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
chlorphentermine Chlorphentermine: A sympathomimetic agent that was formerly used as an anorectic. It has properties similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been implicated in lipid storage disorders and pulmonary hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1223)	1.94	1	0	amphetamines
fluorobenzenes Fluorobenzenes: Derivatives of BENZENE that contain FLUORINE.. monofluorobenzene : The simplest member of the class of monofluorobenzenes that is benzene carrying a single fluoro substituent.. fluorobenzenes : Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group.	3.33	1	1	monofluorobenzenes	NMR chemical shift reference compound
dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.	10.06	33	2	1-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoate	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
ketobemidone ketobemidone: structure	1.96	1	0	piperidines
glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	2.77	3	0	cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	immunomodulator; plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	4.05	4	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
fusarium Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.	1.96	1	0
epitestosterone Epitestosterone: The 17-alpha isomer of TESTOSTERONE, derived from PREGNENOLONE via the delta5-steroid pathway, and via 5-androstene-3-beta,17-alpha-diol. Epitestosterone acts as an antiandrogen in various target tissues. The ratio between testosterone/epitestosterone is used to monitor anabolic drug abuse.. epitestosterone : An androstanoid that is the C-17 epimer of testosterone.	3.1	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen antagonist; human metabolite
chrysophanic acid chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.	3.1	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	anti-inflammatory agent; antiviral agent; plant metabolite
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	2.89	4	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)	7.4	2	0	phthalazines
cytisine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	alkaloid; bridged compound; lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; phytotoxin; plant metabolite
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.	2.03	1	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines	agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin
salicylurate salicylurate: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicyluric acid : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxybenzoyl.. salicylurate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of salicyluric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2	1	0	N-acylglycine; secondary carboxamide	human xenobiotic metabolite; uremic toxin
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	2.03	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
bufotenin Bufotenin: A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic.. bufotenin : A tertiary amine that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 5.	1.96	1	0	tertiary amine; tryptamine alkaloid	coral metabolite; hallucinogen
fructose-1,6-diphosphate beta-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.	1.96	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate	mouse metabolite
phenylpropanolamine Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.	2.05	1	0	amphetamines; phenethylamine alkaloid	plant metabolite
benzohydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).	3.1	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols	agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component
indophenol Indophenol: A deep blue dye (with the formula OC6H4NC6H4OH) used to detect AMMONIA in a common test called the Berthelot's reaction and to detect PARACETAMOL by spectrophotometry.. indophenol : A quinone imine obtained by formal condensation of one of the keto groups of benzoquinone with the amino group of 4-hydroxyaniline.	1.95	1	0	quinone imine	dye
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	1.93	1	0
cyanogen bromide Cyanogen Bromide: Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.	1.95	1	0
dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	2.05	1	0	ergot alkaloid; semisynthetic derivative	dopamine agonist; non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.	3.24	6	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
noramidopyrine noramidopyrine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-(methylamino)antipyrine : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methylamino group. It is a metabolite of aminopyrine and of metamizole.	1.96	1	0	pyrazoles; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.38	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	2.49	2	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
androstenediol Androstenediol: An intermediate in TESTOSTERONE biosynthesis, found in the TESTIS or the ADRENAL GLANDS. Androstenediol, derived from DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE by the reduction of the 17-keto group (17-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES), is converted to TESTOSTERONE by the oxidation of the 3-beta hydroxyl group to a 3-keto group (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES).. androst-5-ene-3beta,17beta-diol : A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid that is 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-ene carrying an additional hydroxy group at position 17beta.	3.1	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.	3.48	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
luminol Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.	3.05	1	0
tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of tetryzoline. It is used as a nasal decongestant.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
dequalinium chloride dequalinium chloride : An organic chloride salt that is the dichloride salt of dequalinium.	2.44	2	0	organic chloride salt	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiseptic drug; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
dimenhydrinate gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	1.94	1	0	diarylmethane
1,2-naphthoquinone naphthalene-1,2-dione: structure given in first source. 1,2-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,2-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 2 of the naphthalene ring. It is a metabolite of naphthalene and is found in diesel exhaust particles.	2.13	1	0	1,2-naphthoquinones	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
trimellitic acid trimellitic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. trimellitic acid : Benzene substituted at the 1,2, and 4 positions by carboxy groups.	1.96	1	0	tricarboxylic acid
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol: structure in first source	3.1	1	0
chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	2.43	2	0	thiazoles
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	2.47	2	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
4-iodophenol [no description available]	3.53	2	0	iodophenol
aminoacetonitrile Aminoacetonitrile: Cyanomethylamine.	6.93	1	0
decamethonium dibromide [no description available]	2.44	2	0
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.91	4	0	dialdehyde	biomarker
myristic acid Myristic Acid: A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). tetradecanoic acid : A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat.. tetradecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	3.1	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite
gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.	2.05	1	0	organic chloride salt	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye
amitriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	organic tricyclic compound
naphazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	organic molecular entity
1-naphthylisothiocyanate 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.	2.46	2	0	isothiocyanate	insecticide
hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.	2.05	1	0
4,4'-bipyridyl 4,4'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-4 and C-4'.	2.13	1	0	bipyridine
4-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate: A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.	1.96	1	0	arenesulfonic acid; arylmercury compound
3-nitrophenol [no description available]	1.95	1	0	3-nitrophenols
doxylamine succinate [no description available]	2.75	3	0	organic molecular entity
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol: structure in first source. 4-terpineol : A terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4.	3.1	1	0	terpineol; tertiary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiparasitic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
carbamylhydrazine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic molecular entity
monoacetyldapsone monoacetyldapsone: used in leprosy chemotherapy. monoacetyldapsone : A secondary carboxamide resulting from acetylation of one of the amino groups of dapsone.	2.13	1	0	acetamides; anilide; secondary carboxamide; sulfone
formestane [no description available]	2.75	3	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enol; hydroxy steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
chlorotrianisene Chlorotrianisene: A powerful synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen.	2.13	1	0	chloroalkene	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor modulator; xenoestrogen
2,6-dinitrophenol [no description available]	1.95	1	0	dinitrophenol
lactulose [no description available]	2.05	1	0	glycosylfructose	gastrointestinal drug; laxative
anthrarobin anthrarobin: antipsoriatic; structure. anthrarobin : An anthracenetriol having the three hydroxy substituents at the 1-, 2- and 10-positions.	1.99	1	0	anthracenetriol	allergen
3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.	3.1	1	0	flavonols; monohydroxyflavone
aminacrine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
isoxsuprine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.77	3	0	alkylbenzene
6-hydroxyquinoline quinolin-6-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 6.	3.1	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline
3-hydroxybiphenyl 3-hydroxybiphenyl: structure given in first source. biphenyl-3-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is phenol in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group.	3.1	1	0	hydroxybiphenyls
debrisoquin sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic sulfate salt
4-bromobenzoic acid 4-bromobenzoic acid : A bromobenzoic acid carrying a single bromo subsituent at the 4-position.	1.95	1	0	bromobenzoic acid
diphenylamine Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.	8.47	2	0	aromatic amine; bridged diphenyl fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; antioxidant; carotogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
betaine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.74	3	0
bethanechol chloride bethanechol chloride : The chloride salt of bethanechol. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester; chloride salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscarinic agonist
megestrol acetate [no description available]	2.77	3	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
glycopyrrolate Glycopyrrolate: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with some anesthetics.. glycopyrronium bromide : A quaternary ammonium salt composed of 3-{[cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetyl]oxy}-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium and bromide ions in a 1:1 ratio.	1.93	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt
alpha-naphthoflavone alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).	3.48	2	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid having nitro substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used in colorimetric testing for the presence of free carbonyl groups (C=O) in reducing sugars.	1.95	1	0	C-nitro compound; monohydroxybenzoic acid	hapten
2-hydroxyacetanilide 2-acetamidophenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 2-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. A positional isomer of paracetamol which possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anti-platelet aggregation properties.	2.13	1	0	acetamides; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; platelet aggregation inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	3.28	6	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
3-iodobenzoate 3-iodobenzoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. 3-iodobenzoic acid : An iodobenzoic acid with a single iodo substituent placed at the 3-position.	1.95	1	0	iodobenzoic acid
3-hydroxyacetanilide metacetamol : A derivative of phenol which has an acetamido substituent located meta to the phenolic -OH group. It is a non-toxic regioisomer of paracetamol with analgesic properties, but has never been marketed as a drug.	2.46	2	0	acetamides; phenols	non-narcotic analgesic
1,4-dicyanobenzene 1,4-dicyanobenzene: occupational marker compound	1.95	1	0
methoxyacetic acid methoxyacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methoxyacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a methoxy group.	2.46	2	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; human xenobiotic metabolite; mutagen
1,3-dicyanobenzene 1,3-dicyanobenzene: structure in first source	1.95	1	0	nitrile
dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine: 1,4-Dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.. 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine : A dihydropyridine that is 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by ethoxycarbonyl groups at positions 3 and 5.	3.05	1	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester	hepatic steatosis inducing agent
phendimetrazine phendimetrazine: minor descriptor (66-86); file maintained to MORPHOLINES (66-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search MORPHOLINES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.07	1	0
clopamide Clopamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide piperidine. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	2.13	1	0	sulfonamide
glycochenodeoxycholic acid Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycochenodeoxycholate : A N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of glycochenodeoxycholic acid.. glycochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
benzydamine Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.. benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.	4.44	5	1	aromatic ether; indazoles; tertiary amino compound	analgesic; central nervous system stimulant; hallucinogen; local anaesthetic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
erythromycin stearate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aminoglycoside
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	5.83	18	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
4-propylphenol 4-propylphenol: structure given in first source	3.1	1	0	alkylbenzene
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.	1.99	1	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
2-piperidone 2-piperidone: structure given in first source. piperidin-2-one : A delta-lactam that is piperidine which is substituted by an oxo group at position 2.	3.47	2	0	delta-lactam; piperidones	EC 1.2.1.88 (L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) inhibitor
phosmet Phosmet: An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange.	2.13	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phthalimides	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
ethylnitrosourea Ethylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups.	2.37	2	0	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen
levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.	2.13	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
propylnitrosourea [no description available]	2.37	2	0
Mecamylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	monoterpenoid
4-nitrophenyl acetate [no description available]	1.98	1	0	C-nitro compound; phenyl acetates
vinblastine [no description available]	2.74	3	0
malononitrile dimer Malononitrile dimer: has antithyroid activity; inhibits conversion of monoiodotyrosine to diiodotyrosine	2.13	1	0
hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydroxyethyl methacrylate: many of cited refs are for gel which refers to polymeric form of above cpd: POLYHYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate : An enoate ester that is the monomethacryloyl derivative of ethylene glycol.	1.96	1	0	enoate ester	allergen; polymerisation monomer
diphenyl disulfide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzenes
hexafluoroisopropanol 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol : An organofluorine compound formed by substitution of all the methyl protons in propan-2-ol by fluorine. It is a metabolite of inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane.	3.1	1	0	organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol	drug metabolite
1-methylpyridinium 1-methylpyridinium: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	methylpyridines
2,6-dichloroindophenol 2,6-Dichloroindophenol: A dye used as a reagent in the determination of vitamin C.. 2,6-dichloroindophenol : A quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.. N-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine : 1,4-benzoquinone imine having a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.	1.95	1	0	dichlorobenzene; quinone imine
ethylestrenol Ethylestrenol: An anabolic steroid with some progestational activity and little androgenic effect.. ethylestrenol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is estrane containing a double bond between positions 4 and 5 and substituted by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at the 17alpha and 17beta positions, respectively. It is an anabolic steroid that has little androgenic effect and only slight progestational activity. It has been used to promote growth in boys with delayed bone growth.	3.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alcohol	anabolic agent
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : The hydrochloride salt of cyproheptadine. Note that the drug named cyproheptadine hydrochloride generally refers to cyproheptadine hydrochloride sesquihydrate.	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride
estradiol valerate [no description available]	2.49	2	0	steroid ester
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	2	1	0	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).	2.13	1	0	alkaloid; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
2,2'-dipyridylamine dipyridin-2-ylamine: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.87	4	0	alkali metal hydroxide
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	2.96	4	0	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	2.07	1	0	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	4.76	10	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
pregnenolone carbonitrile Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.	2.49	2	0	aliphatic nitrile
flurandrenolone Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)	2.13	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
ibufenac ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.	2.69	3	0	monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fenchol fenchol: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	3.1	1	0
4-n-Butylphenol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	phenols
diethylcarbamazine citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	piperazinecarboxamide
4-hydroxyazobenzene 4-hydroxyazobenzene: structure in first source	3.1	1	0
pyrazon pyrazon: structure; do not confuse with phenazone which is a synonym to antipyrine. chloridazon : A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 5, a chloro group at position 4 and a phenyl group at position 2.	2.35	2	0	benzenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; pyridazinone	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin: A mixture of isomers.	2.05	1	0	polychlorinated dibenzodioxine
azacyclonol azacyclonol: major descriptor (65-84); on-line search PIPERIDINES (65-84); Index Medicus search AZACYCLONOL (65-84); RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile: can cause contact dermatitis; structure given in first source	1.95	1	0
4-nitrothiophenolate 4-nitrothiophenolate: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.1	1	0
5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol : The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol.	3.83	3	0	androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol	Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite
guaiacoxyacetic acid guaiacoxyacetic acid: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.	2.69	3	0	organic cation	geroprotector; herbicide
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.	3.06	5	0	benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide	cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic
methylene diphosphonate medronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) consisting of methane substituted by two phosphonic acid groups.	2.13	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	bone density conservation agent; chelator
amiloride hydrochloride, anhydrous amiloride hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining amiloride with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	2.43	2	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	3.53	8	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
benperidol Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)	1.96	1	0	aromatic ketone
azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid: a proline analog (with 4-membered ring in place of 5); a toxic non-protein amino acid that is misincorporated into protein in place of proline; induces nonfunctional heat-shock proteins; inhibits acquired thermotolerance; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; found in beets and Liliaceae. (S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid : The (S)-enantiomer of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.. azetidinecarboxylic acid : A member of the class of azetidines that is azetidine substituted by at least one carboxy group at unspecified position.	2.03	1	0	azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
flumethasone Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.	8.06	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.	1.95	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
azaribine azaribine: pyrimidine analogue; anti-metabolite used in psoriasis & mycosis fungoides;. azaribine : A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.	2.13	1	0	acetate ester; N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antipsoriatic; prodrug
hydrocortisone hemisuccinate hydrocortisone succinate : A derivative of succinic acid in which one of the carboxy groups is esterified by the C-21 hydroxy group of cortisol (hydrocortisone).	2.13	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
mofebutazone mofebutazone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. mofebutazone : A pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone lacking one of the phenyl substituents. It is used for treatment of joint and muscular pain.	5.65	19	1	pyrazolidines	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
menthol (+-)-menthol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-menthol. Both (+-)- and (-)-menthol are used to relieve symptoms of conditions such as bronchitis and sinusitis. When applied to the skin, menthol dilates the blood vessels, giving a sensation of coldness followed by an analgesic effect that relieves itching. It is therefore used in creams and ointments for the relief of pruritis and urticaria.. (-)-menthol : A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer.	3.1	1	0	p-menthan-3-ol	antipruritic drug; antispasmodic drug; antitussive
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	2.07	1	0	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
muscarine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alpha-methyldopamine [no description available]	3.06	1	0	amphetamines
fucose Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position.	2.35	2	0	fucopyranose; L-fucose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
sulfadoxine Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.	2.75	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antimalarial
antazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.. UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid : A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component.	3.06	1	0	UDP-D-glucuronic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ethamsylate Ethamsylate: Benzenesulfonate derivative used as a systemic hemostatic.	1.95	1	0	organosulfur compound; sulfonic acid derivative
acadesine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor
1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione 1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione: structure given in first source	2.63	3	0
acetophenazine acetophenazine: major descriptor (73-85); minor descriptor (64-72); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-85); Index Medicus search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-72); ACETOPHENAZINE (73-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. acetophenazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the nitogen atom and an acetyl group at position 2.	2.05	1	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; phenothiazines	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
mebeverine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
hydroxyphenytoin hydroxyphenytoin: main metabolite of diphenylhydantoin; reduces Na(+) inhibition at high Na:K ratios; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 4-hydroxyphenytoin : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing phenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at position 5.	3.1	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; phenols	metabolite
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	3.17	5	0	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	2.45	2	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	8.07	5	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
3,5-dibromosalicylic acid 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid: structure in first source	1.95	1	0
2,3-diketogulonic acid 2,3-Diketogulonic Acid: Metabolite of ASCORBIC ACID and the oxidized form of the lactone DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID.. 2,3-diketogulonic acid : A carbohydrate acid formally derived from gulonic acid by oxidation of the -OH groups at positions 2 and 3 to keto groups.	1.96	1	0
mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.	1.96	1	0	D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose	metabolite
trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ether trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ether: RN given refers to (S)-isomer; synonyms NSC-36354 & TMCA refers to tartrate [1:1]	1.94	1	0	acetamides; alkaloid; carbotricyclic compound
cyclacillin Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.	1.95	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug
clidinium bromide clidinium bromide : The bromide salt of clinidium. It is used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.	2.13	1	0
iproclozide iproclozide: structure	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
bumadizone bumadizone: an anlgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search MALONATES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd. bumadizone : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups from butylmalonic acid with the hydrazino group of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine. Used (as its calcium semihydrate) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.	2.65	3	0	carbohydrazide; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenoxate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	2.35	2	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
diloxanide furoate diloxanide furoate: structure. diloxanide furoate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of furan-2-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2,2-dichloro-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylacetamide. It is a drug used for the treatment of asymptomatic amebiasis.	2.13	1	0	carboxylic ester; furans; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	antiamoebic agent; prodrug
streptomycin [no description available]	10.75	29	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.	1.94	1	0	carbon oxoanion
nitroxoline nitroxoline: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6475; RN given refers to parent cpd. nitroxoline : A monohydroxyquinoline in which the hydroxy group is positioned at C-8 with a nitro group trans to it at C-5.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; monohydroxyquinoline	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; renal agent
clonidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.74	3	0	dichlorobenzene
cladribine [no description available]	2.98	4	0	organochlorine compound; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd. mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : The mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	3.1	1	0	phthalic acid monoester
beclomethasone [no description available]	3.16	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
pyrodifenium bromide pyrodifenium bromide: was heading 1976-94 (see under PYRROLIDINES 1976-90); PRIFINIUM BROMIDE was see PYRODIFENIUM BROMIDE 1976-94: use PYRROLIDINES to search PYRODIFENIUM BROMIDE 1976-94; quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent more specific for the gastrointestinal tract than atropine	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
ethylene dimethanesulfonate ethylene dimethanesulfonate: antispermatogenic agent; structure	2.46	2	0
1-naphthalenemethanol 1-naphthalenemethanol: structure given in first source. (1-naphthyl)methanol : A naphthylmethanol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a naphthalen-1-yl group.	3.1	1	0	naphthylmethanol	mouse metabolite
carbenicillin disodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; isoquinolines; pyridoisoquinoline	antileishmanial agent; antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug
benorilate benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin	2.05	1	0	carbonyl compound
trimetazidine Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine
dexpropranolol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	propranolol
buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.	2.44	2	0	diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	2.05	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mexiletine hydrochloride mexiletine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride composed of equimolar amounts of mexiletine and hydrogen chloride.	2.96	4	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran: quencher of singlet oxygen, inhibits arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation	3.75	3	0
dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate: A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS.	2.36	2	0
beclomethasone dipropionate beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; enone; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
vidarabine adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.	2.75	3	0	beta-D-arabinoside; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; nucleoside antibiotic
alverine citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	citrate salt; organoammonium salt	antispasmodic drug; cholinergic antagonist
benzetimide [no description available]	2.36	2	0	piperidines
iodinated glycerol iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant	5.03	10	1	dioxolane
acetylpyruvic acid acetylpyruvic acid: structure. acetylpyruvic acid : A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.	1.96	1	0	beta-diketone; dioxo monocarboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite
cyclogyl cyclopentolate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclopentolate. It is used to produce mydriasis (excessive dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) for opthalmic diagnostic procedures. It acts more quickly than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.	2.13	1	0
cyclophosphamide cyclophosphamide hydrate : The monohydrate of cyclophosphamide.	2.03	1	0	hydrate	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; immunosuppressive agent
suxamethonium chloride succinylcholine chloride (anhydrous) : A chloride salt in which the negative charge of the chloride ions is balanced by succinylcholine dications.	2.03	1	0	chloride salt	muscle relaxant
cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of cyclobenzaprine. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; muscle relaxant
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	2.03	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
3-deazaadenosine 3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.	2.44	2	0
tert-nitrosobutane [no description available]	2	1	0
tiadenol tiadenol: structure	2.05	1	0	aliphatic sulfide
metoclopramide hydrochloride metoclopramide hydrochloride : A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of metoclopramide monohydrochloride.	3.16	5	0
isoetharine mesylate [no description available]	2.75	3	0
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	3.04	5	0	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
neodymium Neodymium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Nd, atomic number 60, and atomic weight 144.24, and is used in industrial applications.	1.94	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
praseodymium Praseodymium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pr, atomic number 59, and atomic weight 140.91.	1.96	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.	4.03	3	1	manganese group element atom
thorium Thorium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol Th, atomic number 90, and atomic weight 232.04. It is used as fuel in nuclear reactors to produce fissionable uranium isotopes. Because of its radioopacity, various thorium compounds are used to facilitate visualization in roentgenography.	3.44	2	0	actinoid atom; f-block element atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	1.95	1	0	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.	1.96	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	11.32	149	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
ytterbium Ytterbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Yb, atomic number 70, and atomic weight 173. Ytterbium has been used in lasers and as a portable x-ray source.	1.96	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	3.13	5	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.	1.93	1	0	magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt	anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent
galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine.	1.95	1	0	D-galactosamine; primary amino compound	toxin
6-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0
perchloric acid [no description available]	1.94	1	0	chlorine oxoacid
hypochlorous acid Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water.	2.02	1	0	chlorine oxoacid; reactive oxygen species	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite
propionylpromazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.95	4	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
bromine Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.	2.64	3	0	diatomic bromine
barium sulfate Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.	1.96	1	0	barium salt; inorganic barium salt; metal sulfate	radioopaque medium
tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues.	2.64	3	0	calcium phosphate
metoprine metoprine: histamine methyltransferase antagonist	1.96	1	0
silver nitrate Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM.	2.36	2	0	inorganic nitrate salt; silver salt	astringent
calcium sulfate Calcium Sulfate: A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum.	1.94	1	0	calcium salt; inorganic calcium salt
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	3.45	2	0	dihydrogen
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	8.66	24	7	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	9.29	6	0	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
calcium pyrophosphate Calcium Pyrophosphate: An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS).	1.98	1	0	calcium phosphate
butylated hydroxyanisole [no description available]	3.1	1	0
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	4.14	5	0
ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.	3.04	1	0	elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer
nsc-145,668 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
amopyroquine amopyroquine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0
trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	15.57	438	15
tetrazepam tetrazepam: structure	1.98	1	0	benzodiazepine
stanozolol Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.	2.89	4	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anabolic agent; androgen
clodronic acid Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.	2.45	2	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); one-carbon compound; organochlorine compound	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent
carbendazim carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.	2.46	2	0	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug; metabolite; microtubule-destabilising agent
coformycin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	coformycins	EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.	1.94	1	0	ammonium salt; inorganic chloride	ferroptosis inhibitor
ethionine L-ethionine : An S-ethylhomocysteine that has S-configuration at the chiral centre.	3.06	5	0	S-ethylhomocysteine	antimetabolite; carcinogenic agent
3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	3.1	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.46	2	0	pyrenes
apazone Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.	5.92	14	0	benzotriazines	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; uricosuric drug
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate cortisol 17-butyrate : Cortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.	2.42	2	0	butyrate ester; cortisol ester; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	dermatologic drug; drug allergen
mopidamol Mopidamol: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor which inhibits platelet aggregation. Formerly used as an antineoplastic.	3.05	1	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	1.95	1	0
xipamide Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.	2.46	2	0	benzamides
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	2.96	4	0	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	10.62	10	0	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
benserazide hydrochloride benserazide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of benserazide. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide hydrochloride has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
4-n-Pentylphenol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	phenols
clemastine Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	2.43	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpyrrolidine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol [no description available]	4	4	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfone	antimicrobial agent; immunosuppressive agent
pancuronium bromide pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.	2.44	2	0	bromide salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
pizotyline Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.	2.4	2	0	benzocycloheptathiophene	histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	2	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	1.95	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	2.05	1	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
pentamethylmelamine pentamethylmelamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0
eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent	2.13	1	0
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	3.24	6	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
ornidazole Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; organochlorine compound; secondary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antiprotozoal drug; antitrichomonal drug; epitope
fluorides [no description available]	4.94	7	0	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	3.44	7	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
tetridamin tetridamin: do not confuse with tetrodamine; structure	2.13	1	0
clofexamide clofexamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.34	1	1
9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	3.1	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene: structure given in first source	3.05	1	0
metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.	2.93	4	0	carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid	dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
clonixin Clonixin: Anti-inflammatory analgesic.. clonixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.	11.08	62	10	aminopyridine; organochlorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
lisuride Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).	2.03	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic agonist
fentiazac [no description available]	9.26	4	1	thiazoles
dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11h)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide: Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins.	1.95	1	0
iodine [no description available]	9.29	6	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
cannabichromene [no description available]	1.95	1	0	1-benzopyran
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	4	4	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
capobenic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
lofexidine lofexidine: reduces narcotic withdrawal symptoms; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6247	1.96	1	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; dichlorobenzene; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
phosphotyrosine Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group.	1.98	1	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O(4)-phosphotyrosine	Escherichia coli metabolite; immunogen
disopyramide phosphate [no description available]	2.96	4	0	organoammonium phosphate
5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate 5-(2-cyclohexylidene-ethyl)-5-ethylbarbiturate: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
carbimazole Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	2.69	3	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones; carbamate ester	antithyroid drug; prodrug
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	antiparkinson drug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	2.93	4	0	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
ergocristine ergocristine: an ergot alkaloid; one of the three components of ergotoxine; has alpha blocking action, stimulates smooth muscles & antagonizes serotonin; used as oxytocic & in peripheral disorders; minor descriptor (77-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search EROLINES (77-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocristine : Ergotaman bearing benzyl, hydroxy, and isopropyl groups at the 5', 12' and 2' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.03	1	0	ergot alkaloid
1,2-diphenylhydrazine [no description available]	2.65	3	0
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	8.13	45	2	benzenes; phenyl acetates
n-phenylethanolamine [no description available]	3.1	1	0	aralkylamine
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.	1.93	1	0	chloride salt; organic chloride salt	antiseptic drug; surfactant
4-ethylphenol 4-ethylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-ethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols carrying an ethyl substituent at position 4.	3.1	1	0	phenols	fungal xenobiotic metabolite
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	9.39	22	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	indoles
thymolphthalein Thymolphthalein: Used as a pH indicator and as a reagent for blood after decolorizing the alkaline solution by boiling with zinc dust.	2.13	1	0	terpene lactone
tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.	2.05	1	0	chlorocarbon; chloroethenes	nephrotoxic agent
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	2.36	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	4.05	4	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.	3.1	1	0	3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid	human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
butylated hydroxytoluene 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-methylphenol substituted by tert-butyl groups at positions 2 and 6.	4.05	4	0	phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; food additive; geroprotector
proquazone proquazone: nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent; structure	2.36	2	0	pyrimidines
benzonidazole benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antiprotozoal drug
enfenamic acid enfenamic acid: inhibits platelet aggregation	2.37	2	0	aminobenzoic acid
halazepam halazepam: structure	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
butachlor butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation	2.33	2	0
du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.	2	1	0	benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
carticaine Carticaine: A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.	1.95	1	0	thiophenecarboxylic acid
6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid: major metabolite of nabumetone; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). (6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of 2-naphthylacetic acid having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position. The active metabolite of the prodrug nabumetone.	2.02	1	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.	1.94	1	0
rose bengal b disodium salt [no description available]	2.05	1	0
fanft FANFT: A potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes bladder tumors in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria.	1.98	1	0
clobetasol propionate Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid	anti-inflammatory drug
alkenes [no description available]	1.95	1	0
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	2.37	2	0	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	2.05	1	0	chlorphenamine
glucaric acid Glucaric Acid: A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.. D-glucaric acid : The D-enantiomer of glucaric acid.. glucaric acid : A hexaric acid derived by oxidation of sugar such as glucose with nitric acid.	3.07	1	0	glucaric acid	antineoplastic agent
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	7.68	3	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
frentizole frentizole: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0
pivampicillin Pivampicillin: Pivalate ester analog of AMPICILLIN.. pivampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a prodrug of ampicillin.	1.99	1	0	penicillanic acid ester; pivaloyloxymethyl ester	prodrug
sodium azide Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid).	1.96	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	antibacterial agent; explosive; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mutagen
azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.	3.21	6	0	pseudohalide anion	mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	3.3	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	3.26	6	0	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.38	2	0	tryptamines
penfluridol Penfluridol: One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
oxamethacin oxamethacin: structure. oxametacin : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indometacin with the amino group of hydroxylamine.	2.36	2	0	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid; N-acylindole; organochlorine compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
eterobarb [no description available]	2.13	1	0	barbiturates
nicergoline Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.	2.05	1	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
emepronium Emepronium: A muscarinic antagonist used mainly in the treatment of urinary syndromes. It is incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier.	3.05	1	0	diarylmethane
oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.	2.49	2	0	cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine	anticonvulsant; drug allergen
meseclazone meseclazone: 2-methyl analog of seclazone; structure	7.64	3	0
moricizine hydrochloride moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride.	2.77	3	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
moricizine Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.	2	1	0	carbamate ester; morpholines; phenothiazines	anti-arrhythmia drug
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	2.46	2	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	5.44	11	0	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
feprazone Feprazone: A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)	9.49	55	22	organic molecular entity
b 10610 iodoxamic acid: radiopaque medium used in the diagnosis of gall bladder & bile duct diseases, usually as meglumine salt; minor descriptor (81-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search TRIIODOBENZOIC ACIDS (81-86)	1.98	1	0	organic molecular entity
pirprofen pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure	3.28	6	0	pyrroline
medifoxamine medifoxamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2	1	0	aromatic ether
serentil mesoridazine besylate : The benzenesulfonate salt of mesoridazine prepared using equimolar amounts of mesoridazine and benzenesulfonic acid.	2.46	2	0	organosulfonate salt	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	2.75	3	0	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
proroxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	3.3	6	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
etomidate ethnor: an adsorbable haemostatic bone sealant	2.13	1	0	imidazoles
buspirone hydrochloride buspirone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of buspirone and hydrogen chloride.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
etoposide [no description available]	4.85	10	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	8.75	2	1	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	3.1	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
propafenone hydrochloride propafenone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of propafenone. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
oxazepam hemisuccinate oxazepam hemisuccinate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3843	1.95	1	0
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	9.12	3	1	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
etazolate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
halofantrine halofantrine: used in treatment of mild to moderate acute malaria	2.05	1	0	phenanthrenes
imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid compounded with imidazole	3.35	1	1
butaclamol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	amino alcohol; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
prodolic acid prodolic acid: structure	1.95	1	0
penbutolol Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.	2	1	0	ethanolamines
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	3.15	5	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
cicloprofen [no description available]	1.95	1	0
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	2.45	2	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
anft ANFT: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	1.98	1	0
flunixin flunixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino group. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine (usually as the meglumine salt) for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.	6.33	21	2	aminopyridine; organofluorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
carbidopa [no description available]	2.96	4	0	catechols; hydrate; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	2.74	3	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
hydroxymaprotilin hydroxymaprotilin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	2.97	4	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	6.32	13	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
tocainide Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	2.43	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic; sodium channel blocker
bezafibrate [no description available]	2.98	4	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	3.54	8	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	3.31	6	0	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
flunixin meglumine flunixin meglumine : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.	10.18	40	8	organoammonium salt	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.07	1	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
nonachlazine Nonachlazine: Coronary vasodilator with a novel mechanism of action; proposed as antianginal agent.	2.05	1	0
lonidamine lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively.	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene; indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; antispermatogenic agent; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
dexibuprofen dexibuprofen: structure in first source	3.52	2	0	ibuprofen	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.	5.64	10	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
tiamenidine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	organochlorine compound
3-carboxy-thioxanthone-10,10-dioxide [no description available]	1.99	1	0
doxantrazole doxantrazole: structure	1.99	1	0
picobenzide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.75	3	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
pinazepam pinazepam: structure	2.05	1	0	benzodiazepine
quisqualic acid Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.	2.03	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
pirfenidone pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	2.45	2	0	pyridone	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.06	1	0	chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor
desogestrel Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
flecainide acetate flecainide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining flecainide with one molar equivalent of acetic acid. An antiarrhythmic agent used to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	3.16	5	0	acetate salt	anti-arrhythmia drug
meptazinol Meptazinol: A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.	2	1	0	azepanes
nicardipine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	dihydropyridine	geroprotector
triadimenol triadimenol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butane-1,2-diol substituted at position O1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group. A fungicide for cereals, beet and brassicas used to control a range of diseases including powdery mildew, rusts, bunts and smuts.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; hemiaminal ether; monochlorobenzenes; secondary alcohol; triazole fungicide	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic metabolite
muzolimine Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene
isoxepac isoxepac: orally effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with moderate analgesic & antipyretic activity; structure in first three sources	1.95	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
oxepinac oxepinac: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source & Negwer, 5th ed, #6399	1.95	1	0
butibufen butibufen: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.39	2	0	monoterpenoid
sufentanil Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	1.96	1	0	anilide; ether; piperidines; thiophenes	anaesthesia adjuvant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
torsemide Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.	2.41	2	0	aminopyridine; N-sulfonylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; loop diuretic
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	4.06	4	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	3.1	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
desflurane Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
indacrinone indacrinone: polyvalent saluretic; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.46	2	0
prenalterol Prenalterol: A partial adrenergic agonist with functional beta 1-receptor specificity and inotropic effect. It is effective in the treatment of acute CARDIAC FAILURE, postmyocardial infarction low-output syndrome, SHOCK, and reducing ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION in the SHY-RAGER SYNDROME.	2	1	0	aromatic ether
lorcainide [no description available]	2	1	0	acetamides
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	2.44	2	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
nafazatrom [no description available]	1.96	1	0
nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine: structure. nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine : A nitrosamine that is iminodiacetone that is substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. It induces pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in Syrian golden hamsters (other rodents are not susceptible).	1.97	1	0	ketone; nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.05	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	3.43	7	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	3.75	10	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.	2.47	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
staurosporine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
terazosin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available]	2.75	3	0
foscarnet sodium trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	2.05	1	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antiviral drug
butoconazole nitrate butoconazole nitrate : An organic nitrate salt obtained by reaction of equimolar amounts of butaconazole and nitric acid. An antifungal agent, it is used in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.	2.46	2	0	aryl sulfide; conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; organic nitrate salt
moxalactam Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin; oxacephem	antibacterial drug
nicorandil Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.	2.05	1	0	nitrate ester; pyridinecarboxamide	potassium channel opener; vasodilator agent
pergolide mesylate pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	2.75	3	0	methanesulfonate salt	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; geroprotector
ranitidine hydrochloride label : A role played by a part of a molecular entity distinguishable by the observer but not by the system and used to identify a tracer.	2.03	1	0
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	2.03	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.97	4	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
encainide Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.	2.43	2	0	benzamides; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)benzimidazole 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)benzimidazole: structure in first source	1.95	1	0
cerm-1978 bepridil hydrochloride : The hydrochloride of bepridil.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride
fialuridine [no description available]	2.46	2	0
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.45	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
mitoxantrone hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.	3.04	5	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.	2.05	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
alo 2145 apraclonidine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of apraclonidine.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug
dazoxiben hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cefotetan Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.	2.75	3	0
lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).	3.31	6	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug
tolrestat tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	naphthalenes	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
dazmegrel [no description available]	2.37	2	0
enoximone Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.	2.72	3	0	aromatic ketone
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	3.14	5	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
remoxipride Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.	2.07	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	2.76	3	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic
bambuterol bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.	2.75	3	0	carbamate ester; phenylethanolamines	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
atomoxetine hydrochloride Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	3.15	5	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.75	3	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
alpidem [no description available]	2.75	3	0	imidazoles
raloxifene hydrochloride Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
gepirone gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	3.3	6	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
quinpirole hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
imazodan imazodan: RN & structure given in first source;	2.03	1	0
difloxacin difloxacin: RN & structure given in first source. difloxacin : A quinolone that is pefloxacin in which the ethyl group at position 1 of the quinolone has been replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group. A broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, it is used (usually as the monohydrochloride salt) for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs.	2.05	1	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
sarafloxacin sarafloxacin: RN & structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	quinolines
salmeterol xinafoate Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.	2.46	2	0	naphthoic acid
ranolazine Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.	2.07	1	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; secondary alcohol
finasteride Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.	2.46	2	0	3-oxo steroid; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	androgen antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
temafloxacin temafloxacin: structure given in first source. temafloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-temafloxacin. Both enantiomers both exhibit similar pharmacological profiles. Temafloxacin was briefly used (either as the free base or as the hydrochloride salt) as an antibacterial drug but was withdrawn worldwide in 1992 following reports of serious side effects, including severe hypoglycaemia, haemolytic anaemia, liver and kidney dysfunction, anaphylaxis, and death.. 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 1, 6, and 7 by 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluorine, and 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.	2.46	2	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound
clinafloxacin clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl	2.46	2	0	quinolines
sparfloxacin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone
zileuton [no description available]	2.97	4	0	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
orbifloxacin orbifloxacin: structure given in first source in error (quinolone nitrogen atom not shown)	2.05	1	0	quinolines
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	2.05	1	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.	2.05	1	0	phosphonic acids; pyrimidone	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; photosensitizing agent
marbofloxacin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinolines
mibefradil dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.	2.72	3	0	tetralins	T-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.	2.07	1	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
eliprodil 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanol : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine substituted by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl group at position 1 and by a 4-fluorobenzyl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; piperidines; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.	3.28	6	0	aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
atorvastatin [no description available]	2.76	3	0	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
lamivudine [no description available]	2.75	3	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol	allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
duloxetine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	duloxetine
irinotecan [no description available]	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
aptiganel hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	3.16	5	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibandronic acid Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	2.05	1	0
adefovir dipivoxil bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	2.05	1	0	6-aminopurines; carbonate ester; ether; organic phosphonate	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent; prodrug
emtricitabine Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.	2.07	1	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidone	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source	2.46	2	0	biphenyls
saquinavir monomethanesulfonate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic molecular entity
capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	9.68	9	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
phenelzine sulfate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
octyl gallate [no description available]	3.1	1	0	gallate ester	food antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
allyl formate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
gadolinium chloride gadolinium chloride: a macrophage inhibitor; reduces pulmonary injury and inflammatory mediator production induced by inhaled ozone	1.96	1	0	gadolinium coordination entity	TRP channel blocker
vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.	2.01	1	0	trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion	EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
tobramycin sulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
carfentanil carfentanil : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of methyl 4-anilino-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate with propanoic acid.	2.38	2	0	methyl ester; piperidines; tertiary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; tranquilizing drug
benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group.	2.13	1	0	6-aminopurines	cytokinin; plant metabolite
fluoxetine hydrochloride fluoxetine hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride; N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine
desferrioxamine b mesylate desferrioxamine B mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained by reaction of desferrioxamine B with one molar equivalent of methanesulfonic acid. It is an iron-chelating medicine used to remove excess iron from the body. It binds to iron in the blood, which is then passed out in the urine.	2.46	2	0	methanesulfonate salt	antidote; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator
propranolol hydrochloride Inderex: combination of above cpds; used in treatment of hypertension	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride
bupropion hydrochloride [no description available]	2.96	4	0	aromatic ketone
halofuginone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinazolines
diltiazem hydrochloride Carex: fluoride (1.8%) containing varnish; no further information available 8/91. diltiazem hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of diltiazem and hydrogen chloride. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.76	3	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
cimetidine sulfoxide cimetidine sulfoxide: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	sulfoxide
ortho-cept ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne	2.05	1	0
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	2.75	3	0
verapamil hydrochloride verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.	3.16	5	0
cefprozil [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
doxazosin mesylate Cardura: Trade name in United States.	2.75	3	0	methanesulfonate salt	geroprotector
ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available]	2.46	2	0	hydrochloride	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
terfenadine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
sertraline hydrochloride sertraline hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of sertraline and hydrogen chloride. A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol [no description available]	3.53	2	0	stilbenoid
efavirenz efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	2.47	2	0	acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	2.47	2	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
amantadine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	antiviral agent; dopamine agonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
doxapram hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride	central nervous system stimulant
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	3.06	5	0	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
mevastatin mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.	2.03	1	0	2-pyranones; carboxylic ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; Penicillium metabolite
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.89	4	0
sulfadiazine, trimethoprim drug combination sulfadiazine, trimethoprim drug combination: combination of trimethoprim & sulfadiazine	4.07	3	1
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.1	1	0	2-benzofurans	fluorochrome
ursolic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
propamidine propamidine: structure given in first source. propamidine : A polyether that is the bis(4-guanidinophenyl) ether of propane-1,3-diol. Used (as its isethionate salt) for the treatment of minor eye or eyelid infections, such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; guanidines; polyether	antimicrobial agent; antiseptic drug
n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.	2.07	1	0	pyridinecarboxamide	metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.	2.05	1	0	anhydro sugar	human metabolite
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
betulinic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite
baicalin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug
amprenavir [no description available]	2.47	2	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide [no description available]	2.39	2	0
fluorexon fluorexon: structure	2	1	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
nile red nile red : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one substituted at position 9 by a diethylamino group.	1.99	1	0	aromatic amine; cyclic ketone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
dobutamine hydrochloride dobutamine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dobutamine. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	2.96	4	0	hydrochloride	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
desipramine hydrochloride desipramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of desipramine.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	drug allergen
ticlopidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride
dopamine hydrochloride P 498: structure in first source; do not confuse with dopamine chloride, also known as P 498	2.75	3	0	catecholamine
proadifen hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
peroxynitric acid [no description available]	1.99	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	2.05	1	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
fenclofenac fenclofenac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.37	2	0	aromatic ether
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1	2.44	2	0	purine nucleoside
sinefungin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	adenosines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.	2.46	2	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
sulconazole, mononitrate, (+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.77	3	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; organic nitrate salt
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	2.39	2	0	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
16-hydroxytestosterone 16-hydroxytestosterone: RN given refers to (16alpha,17beta)-isomer. 16alpha-hydroxytestosterone : A C19-steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at the 16alpha position has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.1	1	0	16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid; diol; secondary alcohol	androgen
acetylcholine bromide acetylcholine bromide : The bromide salt of acetylcholine.	2.13	1	0	bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt
tribuzone tribuzone: antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties; minor descriptor (75-85); on-line search PHENYLBUTAZONE/AA (75-85); Index Medicus search PYRAZOLES (75-80), PHENYLBUTAZONE/AA (81-85)	3.34	7	0	benzenes
bendamustine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
erdosteine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.	2.13	1	0	epoxide; ethyl ester; L-leucine derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticoronaviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor
droxicam droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.	2.05	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; pyridines	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prodrug
metrifudil [no description available]	2.03	1	0
rutecarpine rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules	2.44	2	0	beta-carbolines
flutonidine flutonidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0
tryptamide tryptamide: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
etofibrate etofibrate: analog of clofibrate with nicotinic acid substituted on the 2-carbon of the ethyl ester group; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
mizolastine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
intoplicine intoplicine: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	pyridoindole
repaglinide [no description available]	2.07	1	0	piperidines
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	2.97	4	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aralkylamine
oxyphencyclimine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrimidines
thioridazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	first generation antipsychotic; geroprotector
diphenylpyraline hydrochloride diphenylpyraline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenylpyraline. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist
procainamide hydrochloride procainamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride which has procainamide as the amino component.	2.47	2	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug
siquil [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent
mepivacaine hydrochloride mepivacaine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mepivacaine. It is used as a local anaesthetic.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride; piperidinecarboxamide	local anaesthetic
sotalol hydrochloride sotalol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is the monohydrochloride of sotalol. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
oxymetazoline hydrochloride oxymetazoline hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar quantities of oxymetazoline and hydrogen chloride. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used to relieve nasal congestion.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.46	2	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
diphenidol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	diarylmethane
alprenolol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride
edoxudin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.	4.24	5	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
6-ketoestradiol [no description available]	2.13	1	0
17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
amizyl [no description available]	2.13	1	0
salicylhydroxamic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phenols	antibacterial drug; EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor; trypanocidal drug
synthalin a synthalin A: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. synthalin : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of decamethylenediguanidine with 2 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride.. synthalin A : A member of the class of guanidines that is decane having guanidino groups at the 1- and 10-positions.	2.05	1	0	guanidines	hepatotoxic agent; hypoglycemic agent; nephrotoxin
sulfaproxyline sulfaproxyline: structure given in first source	1.93	1	0
fluphenazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	phenanthroline
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	4.14	5	0	1,2,3-triazole
tryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0
delphinidin Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.. delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart.	3.45	2	0	anthocyanidin chloride
5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol : 1-naphthol hydrogenated at C-5, -6, -7 and -8.	3.1	1	0	tetralins
dyclonine hydrochloride dyclonine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	topical anaesthetic
trimethobenzamide monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
clomipramine hydrochloride clomipramine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of clomipramine and hydrogen chloride. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug
amiloride hydrochloride amiloride hydrochloride dihydrate : A hydrate that is the dihydrate of amiloride hydrochloride.	2.96	4	0	hydrate	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
prazosin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride
mianserin hydrochloride mianserin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of mianserin, a tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	geroprotector
miconazole nitrate miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.13	1	0
ibopamine ibopamine: structure given in UD 31;67a & in 2nd source	2.05	1	0	benzoate ester; phenols
alfatradiol alfatradiol: used for treating androgenetic alopecia. 17alpha-estradiol : An estradiol that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 (the 17alpha stereoisomer).	3.1	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; estradiol	estrogen; geroprotector
econazole nitrate econazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole nitrate. Used to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.	2.77	3	0
medetomidine Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.	2.05	1	0	imidazoles
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	3.16	5	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
lomefloxacin hydrochloride lomefloxacin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin. It is administered by mouth to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used topically as eye drops for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, and as ear drops for the treatment of otitis externa and otitis media.	2.96	4	0	hydrochloride	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
fenspiride hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
nilverm [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
sanguinarine chloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
picosulfate sodium picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfate; pyridines
rilmenidine Rilmenidine: Oxazole derivative that acts as an agonist for ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION.	2	1	0	isourea
antrafenine antrafenine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0	piperazines
ropinirole hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	indoles
zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.	2.05	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles	bone density conservation agent
isonixin isonixin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.95	1	0	aromatic amide
pirlindole pirlindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym pyrazidol refers to mono-HCl; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #2812	2.05	1	0	carbazoles
plasmenylserine plasmenylserine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. O-phospho-L-serine : The L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.. O-phosphoserine : A serine derivative that is serine substituted at the oxygen atom by a phosphono group.	2.03	1	0	O-phosphoserine	EC 1.4.7.1 [glutamate synthase (ferredoxin)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.49 (O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dienogest [no description available]	2.05	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; aliphatic nitrile; steroid hormone	progesterone receptor agonist; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
flunoxaprofen flunoxaprofen: structure given in first source. flunoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group (the S-enantiomer). Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the clinical use of flunoxaprofen was discontinued due to possible hepatotoxic side-effects.	2.46	2	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound	antirheumatic drug; hepatotoxic agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
tianeptine tianeptine: structure given in first source. tianeptine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tianeptine. It is an atypical antidepressant used in Europe to treat patients who respond poorly to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).. 7-[(3-chloro-6-methyl-5,5-dioxido-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepin-11-yl)amino]heptanoic acid : A member of the class of dibenzothiazepines that is 3-chloro-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide substituted by a (6-carboxyhexyl)amino group at position 11.. (S)-tianeptine : The S-enantiomer of tianeptine.	2.46	2	0	dibenzothiazepine; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
oxindanac oxindanac: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
artemether Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.	2.05	1	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; organic peroxide; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial
4-hydroxyquinoline 4-quinolone : A quinolone that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 4.	3.1	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone
2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde [no description available]	2.13	1	0
5-aminovaleric acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
morphazinamide morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index	2.05	1	0	morpholines; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide
n-acetyltryptamine N-acetyltryptamine: antagonizes the melatonin-induced inhibition of dopamine release from retina; RN given refers to parent cpd. N-acetyltryptamine : A tryptamine compound having an acetyl substituent attached to the side-chain amino function.	2.03	1	0	acetamides; indoles
dansylglycine [no description available]	2.4	2	0
2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole: structure in first source	1.95	1	0
D-serine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	D-alpha-amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
dihydroergotamine mesylate dihydroergotamine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergotamine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine. Both the mesylate and the tartrate salts are used for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	2.44	2	0	methanesulfonate salt	non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
enrofloxacin Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.	2.49	2	0	cyclopropanes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexane-1,1-diphosphonate: used for therapy of Paget's disease of bone & malignant hypercalcaemia	2.05	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)
diprafenone diprafenone: structure given in first source	2	1	0	aromatic compound
ranolazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
atipamezole [no description available]	3.41	1	1
uk 68798 [no description available]	2.73	3	0	aromatic ether; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; potassium channel blocker
danofloxacin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinolines
dexrazoxane Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.	2.05	1	0	razoxane	antineoplastic agent; cardiovascular drug; chelator; immunosuppressive agent
clobetasone butyrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.	1.97	1	0	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
loxapine succinate [no description available]	2.75	3	0	succinate salt	geroprotector
guanfacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	acetamides	geroprotector
pirenzepine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride
labetalol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	salicylamides
diflorasone diacetate diflorasone diacetate : The 17,21-diacetate derivative of diflorasone. It is used topically for its anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties in the treatment of various skin disorders.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
acecainide hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0
loperamide hydrochloride loperamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining loperamide with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used for treatment of diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
maprotiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	anthracenes
protoporphyrin ix, disodium salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
opipramol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
hydroxyzine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	2.05	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
betamipron [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
rexigen clobenzorex: RN given refers to (+)-isomer; structure	2.05	1	0
bufuralol bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.43	2	0	benzofurans
aceclofenac [no description available]	2.68	3	0	amino acid; carboxylic ester; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
secnidazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; secondary alcohol	epitope
clociguanil clociguanil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0
romifidine romifidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	7.06	1	0
tebuquine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
epanolol epanolol: structure given in first source	2	1	0	acetamides
cyclobutyrol cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.	2.05	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	bile therapy drug
terlipressin terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.	2.05	1	0	polypeptide
siguazodan [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pyridazinone
ubenimex ubenimex: growth inhibitor	2.07	1	0
3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine 3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropylphosphocholine: anti-HIV agent; RN & structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
methotrimeprazine Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.	3.75	3	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; cholinergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
isoflavone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	isoflavones
chelerythrine chloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
clevudine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
grepafloxacin grepafloxacin: structure in first source	2.46	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolines; quinolone antibiotic
xanthydrol [no description available]	1.93	1	0
tetrandrine tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity	2.05	1	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone [no description available]	2.44	2	0
5-(n-methyl-n-isobutyl)amiloride 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride: inhibitor of the Na+-H+ antiporter	2.44	2	0
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from anileridine and two molar equivalents of hydrogen chloride.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
amperozide hydrochloride amperozide hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of amperozide.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; dopamine uptake inhibitor; geroprotector; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ergocornine ergocornine: a component of ergotoxine; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (75-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocornine : Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12' position, isopropyl groups at the 2' and 5'alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.13	1	0	ergot alkaloid
agroclavine agroclavine: structure. agroclavine : An ergot alkaloid that is ergoline which contains a double bond between positions 8 and 9, and which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 6 and 8.	2.03	1	0	ergot alkaloid
pramoxine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
haba 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzoic acid : An azo compound that is azobenzene in which one phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group, while the other phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by a carboxy group. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry.	1.96	1	0
2-naphthylisothiocyanate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
atovaquone Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.	3.81	3	0	hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
s-methylisothiourea sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
p-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
tutin tutin: neurotoxin found in Coriaria shrubs; hyenanchin is the hydroxy derivative; structure	1.96	1	0	gamma-lactone
5-methoxysalicylic acid 5-methoxysalicylic acid: enhances intestinal absorption of insulin in rats; RN given refers to parent cpd. 5-methoxysalicylic acid : A methoxysalicylic acid that is salicylic acid which is carrying a methoxy group at position 5.	1.95	1	0	methoxysalicylic acid	bacterial metabolite; human urinary metabolite
butyrylcholine chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
g 25671 G 25671: metabolite of sulfinpyrazone; inhibits human platelet cyclo-oxygenase activity	1.93	1	0	aryl sulfide
1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase	2.49	2	0
1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane: structure given in the first source	1.93	1	0
eletriptan eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.	2.07	1	0	indoles; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfone	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone [no description available]	3.33	6	0	aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones	EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug
pyrazinobutazone pyrazinobutazone: antipyrene derivative which has anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search PHENYLBUTAZONE/AA (75-86); RN given refers to phenylbutazone compounded with piperazine	5.29	7	2
2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
benzamidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
chloropyramine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
6-aminoindazole 6-aminoindazole: depresses gastric acid secretion; structure given in first source	2.13	1	0	indazoles
cryptolepine cryptolepine: fused indole-quinoline; structure in first source; from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta. cryptolepine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline in which the hydrogen at position N-5 is replaced by a methyl group.	2.05	1	0	indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound	anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; plant metabolite
flunisolide flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones	2.07	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
2-(4-toluidino)-6-naphthalenesulfonic acid 2-(4-toluidino)-6-naphthalenesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.13	1	0
6-sulfanilamidoindazole 6-sulfanilamidoindazole: induces acute arthritis & periarticular inflammation in rats	2.37	2	0
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
orphenadrine citrate orphenadrine citrate : A citrate salt which comprises equimolar amounts of orphenadrine and citric acid.	2.46	2	0	citrate salt	H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
ketorolac tromethamine Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.	2.74	3	0	organoammonium salt	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	3.16	5	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
5-aminoindazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0
methionine sulfoximine L-methionine sulfoximine : A methionine sulfoximine in which the amino group has S-stereochemistry.	2.03	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-methionine derivative; methionine sulfoximine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitor; geroprotector
tretazicar tretazicar: minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search AZIRIDINES (75-84)	2.03	1	0
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	5.28	10	0	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
carbetapentane citrate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	carbonyl compound
n-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide: nephrotoxic; post-treatment enhanced induction of renal cell tumors in rats by dimethylnitrosamine, pre-treatment inhibited induction of tumors, & alone caused interstitial nephritis but no tumors	2.46	2	0	pyrrolidines
cinchonine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.	6.87	22	1	iditol	fungal metabolite
phentolamine mesylate [no description available]	3.16	5	0
17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone 17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17.	3.1	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; hydroxypregnenolone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
mephentermine sphinganine : A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.	2.44	2	0	2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxybutynin hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	hydrochloride
1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	secondary alcohol
5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin 5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin: metabolite of phenytoin; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	3.1	1	0
acetylsalicylic acid lysinate acetylsalicylic acid lysinate: RN given refers to (L)-lysine, unspecified salicylate salt	2.65	3	0
2-methylhippuric acid 2-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of o-xylene. o-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the ortho-methyl derivative of hippuric acid.	2.13	1	0	N-acylglycine	metabolite
nimustine nimustine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining nimustine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent
methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer	1.97	1	0	oligopeptide
cordium bepridil hydrochloride monohydrate : The hydrochloride monohydrate of bepridril.	2.74	3	0	hydrate; hydrochloride
L-2-aminoadipic acid L-2-aminoadipic acid : The L-enantiomer of 2-aminoadipic acid.	2.03	1	0	2-aminoadipic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
prilocaine hydrochloride prilocaine hydrochloride : The monohydrochloride salt of prilocaine.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	local anaesthetic
n-hexadecyl-n,n-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.1	1	0	7-aminocoumarins	fluorochrome
meclizine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
mor-14 N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitor	2.03	1	0	hydroxypiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
lopinavir [no description available]	2.47	2	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
11-hydroxyprogesterone, (11alpha)-isomer 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 11alpha-hydroxy steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11.	3.54	2	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid
brexanolone brexanolone: a mixture of allopregnanolone and sulfobutylether‐beta‐cyclodextrin for treatment of postpartum depression. brexanolone : A 3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has alpha-configuration. It is a metabolite of the sex hormone progesterone and used for the treatment of postpartum depression in women.	3.82	3	0	3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one	antidepressant; GABA modulator; human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
malic acid, (r)-isomer (R)-malic acid : An optically active form of malic acid having (R)-configuration.	2.13	1	0	malic acid
21-deoxycortisol 21-deoxycortisol: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; structure. 21-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; deoxycortisol; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite
3,5-diiodothyronine, (l)-isomer [no description available]	3.1	1	0	phenylalanine derivative
estrone 3-methyl ether estrone 3-methyl ether: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure	2.13	1	0
e-250 [no description available]	2.13	1	0
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate: a monoglyceride of capric acid. 1-monodecanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has decanoyl (capryl) as the acyl group.. rac-1-monodecanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-decanoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-decanoyl-sn-glycerol.	2.13	1	0	rac-1-monoacylglycerol
firefly luciferin Firefly Luciferin: A benzothaizole which is oxidized by LUCIFERASES, FIREFLY to cause emission of light (LUMINESCENCE).. Photinus luciferin : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid consisting of 3,5-dihydrothiophene-4-carboxylic acid having a 6-hydroxybenzothiazol-2-yl group at the 2-position.	1.94	1	0	1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; benzothiazoles; imidothioate	luciferin
phenopyrazone phenopyrazone: structure	3.9	13	0
nipecotic acid amide nipecotic acid amide: RN & N1 form 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotamide : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of nipecotic acid with ammonia.	2.13	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide
phenylisopropyladenosine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; benzenes; hydrocarbyladenosine; purine nucleoside; secondary amino compound	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; neuroprotective agent
levcromakalim [no description available]	2.13	1	0	1-benzopyran
hexamethonium chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tachistin tachistin: a synthetic analog of dihydrotachysterol	2.13	1	0
5,6-dihydrouridine dihydrouridine : The uridine derivative obtained by formal hydrogenation of the endocyclic double bond in the uracil ring.	1.96	1	0	uridines	biomarker
quinidine gluconate quinidine gluconate: RN given refers to (9S)-isomer & ratio of [1:1]	1.97	1	0	D-gluconate adduct
cortisol octanoate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
harmol hydrochloride [no description available]	3.1	1	0
desethylchloroquine desethylchloroquine: metabolite of chloroquine	2.05	1	0	aminoquinoline
6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine 6-(4-nitrobenzylthio)guanosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport	2.44	2	0
3-aminopropylphosphonic acid 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (3-aminopropyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorus of phosphonic acid is substituted by a 3-aminopropyl group. It is a partial agonist of GABAB receptors.	2.03	1	0	phosphonic acids; primary amino compound; zwitterion	GABAB receptor agonist
2-chloromandelic acid 2-chloromandelic acid: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
armepavine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
5'-n-methylcarboxamideadenosine 5'-N-methylcarboxamideadenosine: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer	2.03	1	0
diosgenin [no description available]	3.1	1	0	3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-1-hydroxychroman 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-1-hydroxychroman: a Vitamin E derivative. chromanol : Any member of the class of chromanes that is chromane substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.	1.98	1	0
sarsasapogenin, (3beta,5alpha,25r)-isomer tigogenin : A widely used steroidal sapogenin isolated from several plant species and used for synthesizing steroid drugs.	3.1	1	0	sapogenin	gout suppressant; plant metabolite
3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine: potent & selective in vivo antagonist of adenosine analogs	2.03	1	0
zpck ZPCK: alkylates histidine residue at active center of bovine chymotrypsin	2.44	2	0
difenpiramide [no description available]	3.35	1	1	biphenyls; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
wr 159412 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
n(6)-phenyladenosine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	purine nucleoside
cinchonidine cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.	2.05	1	0	(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol; cinchona alkaloid	metabolite
tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta)-isomer	2.44	2	0	21-hydroxy steroid
3 alpha,17 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-pregnan-20-one 3alpha,17alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one carrying an additional hydroxy group at position 17alpha.	3.1	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; C21-steroid; corticosteroid hormone	human urinary metabolite
2-methoxyestriol [no description available]	3.1	1	0
n-methyladenosine N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.	2.03	1	0	methyladenosine
benzyloxyamine benzyloxyamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
dansyl asparagine dansyl asparagine: used as reagent for preparing dansyl derivatives for fluorescence monitoring	1.99	1	0
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	3.96	4	0	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group.	3.2	6	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	metabolite
mizoribine [no description available]	2.47	2	0	imidazoles	anticoronaviral agent
1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane 1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer	2.03	1	0
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides	EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
vitamin b 6 Vitamin B 6: VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.	1.94	1	0
sn 38 SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.	3.12	1	0	delta-lactone; phenols; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
alphaxalone alphaxalone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha)-isomer; structure	2.47	2	0	corticosteroid hormone
sr141716 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist
s-nitrosoglutathione [no description available]	2.03	1	0	glutathione derivative; nitrosothio compound	bronchodilator agent; nitric oxide donor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; signalling molecule
bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.	2.75	3	0	primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
bicuculline methiodide [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cp-55,940 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
vanoxerine vanoxerine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of vanoxerine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent, competitive inhibitor of dopamine uptake (Ki = 1 nM for inhibition of striatal dopamine uptake). Has > 100-fold lower affinity for the noradrenalin and 5-HT uptake carriers. Also a potent sigma ligand (IC50 = 48 nM). Centrally active following systemic administration.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	dopamine uptake inhibitor
2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: directly acting genotoxic metabolite of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine. N-hydroxy-PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, hydoxyamino, and phenyl groups, respectively. The active metabolite of the dietary carcinogen PhIP.	3.1	1	0	hydroxylamine; imidazopyridine	carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; neurotoxin; rat metabolite
1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group.	2.05	1	0	ether; imidazoles; monomethoxybenzene	TRP channel blocker
fluo-3 Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds	2.07	1	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	beta-carbolines
selenomethionine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; selenomethionine	plant metabolite
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester: isolated from brain tissue & urine; extremely potent displacer of diazepam from brain benzodiazepam receptors; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines
u 69593 U 69593: selective ligand for opioid K-receptor. U69593 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of phenylacetic acid and the secodary amino group of (5R,7S,8S)-N-methyl-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine.	2.44	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine; organic heterobicyclic compound; oxaspiro compound	anti-inflammatory agent; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
u 78517f U 78517F: iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given is for diHCl	2.05	1	0
cv 3988 CV 3988: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	beta-carbolines
propionylcarnitine propionylcarnitine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.98	1	0	O-acylcarnitine	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cardiotonic drug; human metabolite; peripheral nervous system drug
methoctramine methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	muscarinic antagonist
pyronaridine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aminoquinoline
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	2.05	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
hypotaurine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aminosulfinic acid; zwitterion	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
tryptoline tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.13	1	0	beta-carbolines
dihydrokainate [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dicarboxylic acid
gabazine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ecopipam ecopipam: structure given in first source	3.1	1	0	benzazepine
gamma-fagarine gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source	2.13	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
cl 218872 CL 218872: shows specific action on benzodiazepine receptors; structure	2.03	1	0	pyridazines; ring assembly
betaxolol hydrochloride betaxolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of betaxolol.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
catechin (+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.	2.03	1	0	hydrate	geroprotector
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-phthalimido)butyl)piperazine NAN 190 hydrobromide : A hydrobromide obtained by reaction of NAN 190 with one equivalent of hydrobromic acid.	2.44	2	0	hydrobromide	serotonergic antagonist
s-methylthiocitrulline S-methylthiocitrulline: a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; structure in first source. S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline : An L-arginine derivative in which the guanidino NH2 group of L-arginine is replaced by a methylsufanyl group.	2.03	1	0	imidothiocarbamic ester; L-arginine derivative; L-ornithine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
fingolimod fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.	2.05	1	0	aminodiol; primary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; CB1 receptor antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
dihydrocapsaicin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	capsaicinoid
Zearalanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	macrolide; resorcinols
ml 9 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
asiaticoside [no description available]	1.95	1	0
parthenolide [no description available]	2.44	2	0	germacranolide
pentacaine pentacaine: pentacaine is the (trans-(+-))-isomer; structure in first source	2.67	3	0
ecteinascidin 743 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; azaspiro compound; bridged compound; hemiaminal; isoquinoline alkaloid; lactone; organic heteropolycyclic compound; organic sulfide; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; marine metabolite
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.	4.07	3	1	2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	1.95	1	0
leucinamide leucinamide: leucine aminopeptidase alternative substrate to leucyl beta naphthylamide; RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	1.97	1	0
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil 3',4'-dichlorobenzamil: inhibits Na-Ca exchange in membrane vesicle & papillary muscle preparations from guinea pig heart	2.44	2	0	guanidines; pyrazines
valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters.	3.05	1	0	short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	plant metabolite
ibuprofen, (r)-isomer [no description available]	3.1	1	0	ibuprofen
thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.	4.61	6	1
11-hydroxytestosterone 11-hydroxytestosterone: RN given refers to (11 beta,17 beta)-isomer. 11beta-hydroxytestosterone : An androstanoid that is testosterone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 11beta-position.	3.1	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine metabolite
1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane 1-(carboxymethylthio)tetradecane: structure given in first source; alkylthio acetic acid, non-beta-oxidizable	2.03	1	0	straight-chain fatty acid
norbuprenorphine norbuprenorphine: metabolite of buprenorphine found in urine & feces; RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha)-isomer; structure given in first source	4.02	2	0	phenanthrenes
2-iodomelatonin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides
nitisinone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; cyclohexanones; mesotrione	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
tafenoquine tafenoquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tafenoquine.. N(4)-{2,6-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]quinolin-8-yl}pentane-1,4-diamine : An aminoquinoline that is 8-aminoquinoline which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6, a methyl group at position 4, and a m-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5, and in which the amino substituent at position 8 is itself substituted by a 5-aminopentan-2-yl group.	2.05	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; primary amino compound; secondary amino compound
butethamate citrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
arcaine, sulfate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
marimastat marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
clofarabine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanol: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	piperidines
benzo(a)pyrene-3,6-quinol [no description available]	3.1	1	0
elacridar Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
gr 113808 GR 113808: structure given in first source; a 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist: GR 125487 is the HCl salt. GR 113808 : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 1-methylindole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of N-{2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}methanesulfonamide.	2.44	2	0	indolyl carboxylate ester; piperidines; sulfonamide	serotonergic antagonist
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	3.96	4	0	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
gallopamil hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
gamma-glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
buthionine sulfoximine L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine : A 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid which has S-configuration. It is a inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis and is capable of enhancing the apoptotic effects of several chemotherapeutic agents.	2.44	2	0	2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid	EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer
histamine dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
gamma-hydroxyphenylbutazone gamma-hydroxyphenylbutazone: metabolite of phenylbutazone; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	8.75	11	0
sb 204070a SB 204070A: structure given in first source; a selective 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist	2.44	2	0
mitiglinide mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid
ezogabine ezogabine: structure in first source. ezogabine : A substituted aniline that is benzene-1,2,4-triamine bearing ethoxycarbonyl and 4-fluorobenzyl substituents at positions N-1 and N-4 respectively. An anticonvulsant used to treat seizures associated with epilepsy in adults.	3.12	1	0	carbamate ester; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anticonvulsant; potassium channel modulator
1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine LY 165163: structure given in first source; a serotonin agonist. LY-165163 : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a selective 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist and 5-HT1D serotonin receptor antagonist.	2.44	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; primary arylamine; substituted aniline	geroprotector; serotonergic agonist
desethylamodiaquine desethylamodiaquine: metabolite of amodiaquine	2.05	1	0
l 655240 L 655240: thromboxane and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given is for parent cpd	2.03	1	0	methylindole
san 58035 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
dansylsarcosine [no description available]	3.09	5	0
n,n-dideethylchloroquine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.	2.05	1	0	methanesulfonate salt	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
gefitinib [no description available]	2.46	2	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)	2.13	1	0	leucine derivative
mk 912 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	2.05	1	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
nnc 711 NNC 711: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-n,n-diethylbenzamide 4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-diethylbenzamide: a highly-selective, nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist; structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
vadimezan vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.	2	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; xanthones	antineoplastic agent
3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid: structure in first source. 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-propylfuran-3-carboxylic acid : A furoic acid that is furan-3-carboxylic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 4, a propyl group at position 5 and a 2-carboxyethyl group at position 2. It is a potent uremic toxin that has been found to accumulate in human serum of patients with chronic kidney diseases.	2	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; furoic acid	human metabolite; uremic toxin
sk&f 86466 benalfocin: RN & RR given from first source; RN not in Chemline 9/28/83; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzazepine
e 64 E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)	2.44	2	0	dicarboxylic acid monoamide; epoxy monocarboxylic acid; guanidines; L-leucine derivative; zwitterion	antimalarial; antiparasitic agent; protease inhibitor
desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.	2.13	1	0	benzocycloheptapyridine	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid: activates neuronal metabotropic receptors; RN given refers to (trans-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 10/93	2.03	1	0
w 7 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
n-octadecylphosphocholine n-octadecylphosphocholine: substrate analog for phospholipase A2	1.99	1	0
pre 084 2-(4-morpholino)ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	morpholines
methotrexate [no description available]	6.61	41	0	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
3,6-diamino-9-(4-(methylsulfonyl)aminophenyl)aminoacridine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol 1-(2-allylphenoxy)-3-((8-bromoacetylamino-4-menthane-1-yl)amino)-1-propanol: irreversibly inactivates the dihydroalprenolol binding site; alprenolol analog; isopropylamino group of alprenolol replaced by 8-bromoacetylamino-1-amino-p-menthane moiety in the 1 position; structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
ph cl 28a Ph CL 28A: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitor; structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
sr 2640 SR 2640: leukotriene D4 and E4 antagonist	2.44	2	0	quinolines
ne 58051 NE 58051: inhibits tumor cell adhesion to extracellular matrices; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
ici 204448 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
antiprimod azaspirane: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
sulbactam [no description available]	2.05	1	0	penicillanic acids
7-ethoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
olmesartan medoxomil Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.	2.47	2	0	biphenyls
4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride 4-amino-1-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl)piperidine hydrochloride: has high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT3 receptors; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
n,n-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide N,N-di-n-hexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide: binds with high affinity to glial mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptors & increases mitochondrial steroidogenesis	2.44	2	0	phenylindole
ilomastat CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor	2.05	1	0	hydroxamic acid; L-tryptophan derivative; N-acyl-amino acid	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
4-(benzodioxan-5-yl)-1-(indan-2-yl)piperazine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl n-acetyltryptophan 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl N-acetyltryptophan: structure given in first source; substance P and neurokinin receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine 8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-((4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl)oxy)propyl)-1-propylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate [no description available]	2.07	1	0
l 741626 3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl-4-hydroxypiperidino)methyl)indole: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	piperidines
wr 242511 WR 242511: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
dilevalol (R,R)-labetalol : A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.	2.05	1	0	2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide
nisoxetine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source	3.45	2	0	D-xylose
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
tilarginine acetate [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid alpha-guanidinoglutaric acid: identified in the convulsive period of cobalt-induced seizures from cat cerebral cortex; RN given for cpd with unspecified guanidino-locant	2.03	1	0	L-glutamic acid derivative
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-(+-)-isomer [no description available]	2.75	3	0
imidazole-4-acetic acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	3.46	8	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
omeprazole sulfone omeprazole sulfone: omeprazole metabolite; structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	benzimidazoles; sulfoxide
docetaxel [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrate; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent
atazanavir atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).	2.47	2	0	carbohydrazide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
nsc-141549 [no description available]	2.96	4	0
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	3.3	6	0	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).	3.84	3	0	azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite
cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.	2.05	1	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cariporide cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tezosentan tezosentan: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
dichloro-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum complex [no description available]	2.13	1	0
1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione 1,4-di(2'-thienyl)-1,4-butadione: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
2-chloro-2-deoxyglucose [no description available]	2.03	1	0
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
jtt 501 JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
hyoscyamine Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.	2.07	1	0	tropane alkaloid
idazoxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
phorbols Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).	1.95	1	0	diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent
isoguvacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
xamoterol Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.	2	1	0	morpholines
8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine 8-methoxymethyl-3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine: inhibitor of phosphodiesterase I	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	12.78	92	12	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of methyl 5-aminolevulinate. A prodrug, it is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitizer, and is used in the photodynamic treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (including basal cell carcinoma). Topical application results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. Subsequent illumination with red light results in the generation of toxic singlet oxygen that destroys cell membranes and thereby kills the tumour cells.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; prodrug
olmesartan olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866	2.47	2	0	biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent
antazoline phosphate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
camphora camphora: a component of Guanxingao, a kind of traditional Chinese rubber electuary medicine which is able to either cure or guard against coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. (R)-camphor : The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.	1.96	1	0	camphor
cyc 202 seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.	2.96	4	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
Serotonin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	tryptamines
n-phthaloylglutamic acid N-phthaloyl-L-glutamic acid : A glutamic acid derivative that is L-glutamic acid in which the two hydrogens on the amino group are substituted by a phthaloyl group.	2.03	1	0	L-glutamic acid derivative; phthalimides
cortolone [no description available]	3.1	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
6-n-tridecylsalicylic acid 6-n-tridecylsalicylic acid: structure given in first source	1.95	1	0	hydroxybenzoic acid
1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine 1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
ag 3-5 icilin: a cooling compound that activates TRPM8	2.03	1	0	C-nitro compound
tartrazine Tartrazine: An anionic, hydrophilic azo dye with an orange-yellow color used in fabrics, foods and cosmetics, and as a biological stain.. tartrazine : An organic sodium salt which is the trisodium salt of tartrazine acid. A synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food colouring.	3.34	1	1
pridinol mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	2.05	1	0	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
2-aminomethyl-4-tert-butyl-6-propionylphenol 2-aminomethyl-4-tert-butyl-6-propionylphenol: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
n-tetradecylphosphorylcholine [no description available]	1.99	1	0
avasimibe [no description available]	2.05	1	0	monoterpenoid
n-n-propylnorapomorphine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
urapidil monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
n(4)-acetylsulfadimethoxine N(4)-acetylsulfadimethoxine: major metabolite of sulfadimethoxine. N(4)-acetylsulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by an acetylamino group at position 4 and a 4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfadimethoxine.	1.97	1	0	acetamides; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	marine xenobiotic metabolite
aminopterin Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.	2.44	2	0	dicarboxylic acid	EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; mutagen
azepexole, dihydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
varenicline Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.	2.07	1	0
2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.93	4	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	2.35	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
abt 980 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
sk&f 75670 SK&F 75670: RN refers to HBr; N-methyl derivative of SK&F 38393	2.44	2	0
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	5.94	35	0
esatenolol esatenolol : The (S)-enantiomer of atenolol.	2.03	1	0	atenolol	beta-adrenergic antagonist
nbi 27914 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
sb 216763 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	indoles; maleimides
inuviscolide inuviscolide: from Inula viscosa; structure in first source. inuviscolide : A sesquiterpene lactone that is decahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5, a methyl group at position 5 and methylidene groups at positions 3 and 8 (the 3aR,4aR,5R,7aS,9aS stereoisomer). Isolated from the aerial parts of Inula hupehensis, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.	2	1	0	gamma-lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone; tertiary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
erlotinib [no description available]	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; protein kinase inhibitor
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	3.04	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
dizocilpine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	secondary amino compound; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
(R)-atenolol (R)-atenolol : The (R)-enantiomer of atenolol.	2.03	1	0	atenolol
memantine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
pefabloc [no description available]	2.03	1	0
aflatoxin b1 Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.	8.23	6	0	aflatoxin; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite
eunalgit [no description available]	1.93	1	0
pongidae [no description available]	2.44	2	0
deflazacort deflazacort: structure	2.05	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
carbocysteine Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	3.1	1	0	L-cysteine thioether; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	mucolytic
succinylproline [no description available]	2.03	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
sb 205384 SB 205384: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	thienopyridine
5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
hydrastine [no description available]	2.44	2	0	isoquinolines	metabolite
piribedil mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
gabaculine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
olpadronic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0
etiron monohydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2.97	4	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
serc [no description available]	2.13	1	0
muraglitazar muraglitazar: has glucose- and lipid-lowering activities; structure in first source; molecule composed of benzyloxazole-phenoxy-oxybenzylglycine-phenoxyl having structural analogy to PHENOXYBENZAMINE	2.25	1	0	1,3-oxazoles
procyclidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride
lapatinib [no description available]	2.05	1	0	furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
firocoxib firocoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor; structure in first source. firocoxib : An enol ether that is the cyclopropylmethyl ether of 3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]furan-2-one. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in horses and dogs.	5.15	5	2	butenolide; cyclopropanes; enol ether; sulfone	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bmy 7378 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
vesamicol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
deferasirox Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.	2.05	1	0	benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles	iron chelator
bms204352 BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source	3.12	1	0
tbc-11251 sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles
(7R)-7,15,17-trihydroxy-11-methyl-12-oxabicyclo[12.4.0]octadeca-1(14),15,17-trien-13-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	macrolide
demecolcine Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic.	2.36	2	0	alkaloid; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.	8.79	3	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
cymarine Cymarine: A cardiotonic cardiac glycoside found in STROPHANTHUS. The aglycone is STROPHANTHIN.	1.94	1	0
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	2.05	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	1.95	1	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
cortisone [no description available]	9.1	128	1	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
equilin Equilin: An estrogenic steroid produced by HORSES. It has a total of four double bonds in the A- and B-ring. High concentration of euilin is found in the URINE of pregnant mares.	2.13	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid
adrenosterone adrenosterone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene carrying three oxo-substituents at positions 3, 11 and 17.	2.13	1	0	11-oxo steroid; 17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; marine metabolite
2-aminoquinoxaline 2-aminoquinoxaline: structure in first source	6.93	1	0
fludrocortisone acetate fludrocortisone acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the primary hydroxy group of fludrocortisone with acetic acid. A synthetic corticosteroid, it has glucocorticoid actions about 10 times as potent as hydrocortisone, while its mineralocorticoid actions are over 100 times as potent. It is used in partial replacement therapy for primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in Addison's disease and for the treatment of salt-losing adrenal hyperplasia.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
gossypol acetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0
3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	1.99	1	0	2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
epinastine dexamethasone acetate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
benzatropine methanesulfonate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol : An androstane-3,17-diol that is 5alpha-androstane substituted by beta-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a metabolite of dihydrotestosterone.	4.02	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; androstane-3,17-diol	Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite
4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone 4',6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone : A dimethoxyflavone that is the 5,7-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein.	2.13	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone
cortol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
21-hydroxypregnenolone 21-hydroxypregnenolone: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer;. 21-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone that is pregnenolone which has been substituted by a hydroxy group at position 21.	3.1	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid; hydroxypregnenolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	mouse metabolite
2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.	3.54	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug
epietiocholanolone epietiocholanolone : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone.	3.1	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid	androgen; animal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; rat metabolite
medrysone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
artisone acetate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.96	4	0	organic sulfate salt	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector
benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.	5.43	12	0
chondocurine (1beta)-(+-)-isomer curine: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether
benzarone benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure	2.46	2	0	1-benzofurans
hydroxydione 5beta-dihydrodeoxycorticosterone : A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid formed from 11-deoxycorticosterone by reduction across the C4-C5 double bond.	2.34	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human xenobiotic metabolite
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	2.46	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
lupeol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite
n-methylserotonin oxalate salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nsc 95397 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
noscapine Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isobenzofuranone; organic heterobicyclic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antitussive; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
homoharringtonine Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.	2.05	1	0	alkaloid ester; enol ether; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; protein synthesis inhibitor
acivicin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	isoxazoles; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	antileishmanial agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; glutamine antagonist; metabolite
4-methoxyxanthone 4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
wortmannin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
2-methyl-N-[4-(propan-2-ylamino)phenyl]-2-propenamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	amine
menthofuran menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.	2.07	1	0	1-benzofurans; monoterpenoid	nematicide; plant metabolite
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	3.23	6	0
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.	2.05	1	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor; retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
taurochenodeoxycholic acid Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bortezomib [no description available]	2.05	1	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
neocryptolepine neocryptolepine: isolated from the roots of the African plant Cryptolepis sanguinolenta; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	2.97	4	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
1-hydroxypentane-1,1-bisphosphonate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
cimadronate cimadronate: increases serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in rats via stimulating renal 1-hydroxylase activity; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
1,1-hydroxyoctanodiphosphonate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
nexavar [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organosulfonate salt
lanatosides Lanatosides: Glycosides from DIGITALIS lanata leaf. Lanatoside C has actions similar to DIGOXIN. Mixtures of lanatosides A, B, and C have also been used. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p670)	1.94	1	0
rimiterol rimiterol: was heading 1977-94 (see under CATECHOLS 1977-90); use CATECHOLS to search RIMITEROL 1977-94; predominantly a beta 2 stimulant, therefore affects the cardiovascular system less than isoproterenol, but its action is of shorter duration than that of albuterol	2	1	0	catechols
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	2.03	1	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	7.85	4	0
fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.	8.73	3	0	peptide
bradykinin [no description available]	9.07	70	0	oligopeptide	human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent
canavanine L-canavanine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	8.97	14	0	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
carnosine polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth	1.96	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; dipeptide	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Daphnia magna metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent
naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.	3.53	2	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin	expectorant; plant metabolite
5-hydroxytryptophan hydroxytryptophan : A hydroxy-amino acid that is tryptophan substituted by at least one hydroxy group at unspecified position.. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan : The L-enantiomer of 5-hydroxytryptophan.	2.03	1	0	5-hydroxytryptophan; amino acid zwitterion; hydroxy-L-tryptophan; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	2.44	2	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	5.52	13	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
puromycin [no description available]	3.56	9	0	puromycins	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor
mandelic acid, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.13	1	0	(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; mandelic acid
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.	2.47	2	0	alpha-chloroketone; sulfonamide	alkylating agent; serine proteinase inhibitor
monoiodotyrosine Monoiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.. iodotyrosine : A tyrosine derivative which has at least one iodo-substituent on the benzyl moiety.. monoiodotyrosine : An iodotyrosine carrying a single iodo substituent.. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine : The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.	2.39	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monoiodotyrosine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
n-formylmethionine N-formyl-L-methionine : A L-methionine derivative in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group.	2.65	3	0	L-methionine derivative; N-formyl amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	metabolite
taurolithocholic acid Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.	2.47	2	0	bile acid taurine conjugate; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.	2.03	1	0	guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
willardiine willardiine: isolated from seeds of Acacia willariana; structure. 3-(uracil-1-yl)-L-alanine : The 3-(uracil-1-yl) derivative of L-alanine.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-alanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
xylose 1-phosphate xylose 1-phosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer. alpha-D-xylose 1-phosphate : A xylose phosphate that is alpha-D-xylose carrying a phosphate group at position 1.	1.96	1	0	xylose phosphate
inositol 3-phosphate inositol 3-phosphate: RN given refers to (myo)-isomer	1.94	1	0
2-hydroxyestrone 2-hydroxyestrone: catechol estrogen which is a major metabolite of estradiol in man & animals; RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-hydroxyestrone : A 2-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.	3.1	1	0	2-hydroxy steroid; catechols	human metabolite
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	2.75	3	0	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
(+)-limonene (4R)-limonene : An optically active form of limonene having (4R)-configuration.	2.46	2	0	limonene	plant metabolite
strychnine Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.	2.34	2	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound	avicide; cholinergic antagonist; glycine receptor antagonist; neurotransmitter agent; rodenticide
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	11.9	30	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	2.47	2	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	5.2	16	0	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
cefoxitin Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.	2.46	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; cephamycin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	10.36	19	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
moxalactam disodium [no description available]	2.46	2	0
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	2.47	2	0	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pentazocine Pentazocine: The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97)	7.96	12	2	benzazocine
abacavir abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.	2.46	2	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; drug allergen; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
epiandrosterone epiandrosterone : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is (5alpha)-androstane substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17.	3.1	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	2.05	1	0
acebutolol hydrochloride acebutolol hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of acebutolol, prepared using equimolar amounts of acebutolol and hydrogen chloride.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
trimethaphan camsylate trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.	2.05	1	0
amiodarone hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	aromatic ketone
mometasone furoate Mometasone Furoate: A pregnadienediol derivative ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT and ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENT that is used in the management of ASTHMA and ALLERGIC RHINITIS. It is also used as a topical treatment for skin disorders.	2.46	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-furoate ester; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; organochlorine compound; steroid ester	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
dicyclomine hydrochloride dicyclomine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dicyclomine. An anticholinergic, it is used to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
metyrosine alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.	2.46	2	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
nortriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	organic tricyclic compound	geroprotector
erythromycin estolate Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.	2.75	3	0	aminoglycoside sulfate salt; erythromycin derivative	enzyme inhibitor
kanamycin sulfate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	aminoglycoside sulfate salt	antibacterial drug; geroprotector
paromomycin sulfate paromomycin sulfate : An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	2.74	3	0
canaline canaline: structure	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite
phalloidine Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge.	3.45	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
convallatoxin convallatoxin: PI: *CONVALLARIA (73-79). convallatoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3.	2.63	3	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 19-oxo steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; steroid aldehyde; steroid lactone	metabolite; vasodilator agent
helveticoside helveticoside: structure. helveticoside : A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a digitoxosyl group attached at position 3.	1.94	1	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolide glycoside; digitoxoside; monosaccharide derivative; steroid aldehyde; steroid lactone	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
scilliroside scilliroside: structure. scilliroside : A beta-D-glucoside that is scillirosidin in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranoside group. It is a rodenticide extracted from the bulb of the Mediterranean squill plant and was used for the control of Norway rats, black rats, house mice, long-tailed field mice, and field voles.	1.94	1	0	beta-D-glucoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; rodenticide
picrotoxinin [no description available]	1.96	1	0	epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	GABA antagonist; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
naringin [no description available]	3.53	2	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
ochratoxin a ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.	1.95	1	0	isochromanes; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acyl-L-phenylalanine; organochlorine compound; phenylalanine derivative	Aspergillus metabolite; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; mycotoxin; nephrotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent
Dubinidine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
cyclopamine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	piperidines	glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
acriflavine Acriflavine: 3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.	1.95	1	0
s-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione S-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione: photoaffinity label deriv of glutathione; inhibits glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5)	2.03	1	0	peptide
1-alpha-terpineol (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol : The (S)-enantiomer of alpha-terpineol.	3.1	1	0	alpha-terpineol	plant metabolite
e 3040 E 3040: a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A2 synthetase; structure given in first source	2.06	1	0	benzothiazoles; organic hydroxy compound; pyridines; secondary amino compound	anti-inflammatory drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; uricosuric drug
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.	3.47	8	0	tripeptide
hydroxylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
devazepide Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; indolecarboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cholecystokinin antagonist; gastrointestinal drug
chloramphenicol palmitate chloramphenicol palmitate: RN given refers to ((R-(R,R))-isomer)	2.46	2	0	hexadecanoate ester
sb 228357 SB 228357: a neuroleptic with equivalent or higher antagonist affinity for 5-HT2 than for dopamine D2 receptor	2.44	2	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
diprenorphine Diprenorphine: A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.	3.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine : A glycine derivative that is L-alpha-phenylglycine substituted at positions 3 and 5 on the phenyl ring by hydroxy groups.	2.03	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; resorcinols
actinonin actinonin: natural hydroxamic acid, pseudopeptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species; structure	2.44	2	0
calcium pantothenate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	polymer
tolterodine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
difluprednate difluprednate: RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.13	1	0	butyrate ester; corticosteroid hormone
doxorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	anthracycline
dironyl dironyl: pronounced antifertility agent in rats; lactation suppressor in other species; serotonin antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
erythromycin ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.	2.05	1	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin derivative; ethyl ester; succinate ester
vinpocetine vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.94	4	0	alkaloid	geroprotector
amcinonide amcinonide: structure	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; spiroketal	anti-inflammatory drug
flumethasone pivalate flumethasone pivalate: structure	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; pivalate ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
ao 128 AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
dihydroergocristine monomesylate dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.	2.75	3	0	methanesulfonate salt	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	2.01	1	0	cyclodextrin
acarbose [no description available]	2.47	2	0	amino cyclitol; glycoside
maleic acid maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration.	2.46	2	0	butenedioic acid	algal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
ergosterol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	4.75	9	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	10.59	14	0	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
1-(5'-phospho-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)barbituric acid 6-oxouridine 5'-phosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate that is the 6-oxo derivative of UMP.	1.96	1	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	2.95	4	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	5.91	14	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
cyanoginosin lr cyanoginosin LR: cyclic heptapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. microcystin-LR : A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl,L-arginyl, 2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle. Produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, it is the most studied of the microcystins.	2.46	2	0	microcystin	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.	2.05	1	0	D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.	2.05	1	0	docosahexaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	algal metabolite; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.45	2	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	3.54	2	0	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.	3.1	1	0	ferulic acids	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite
pectins Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid.	2.25	1	0	D-galactopyranuronic acid
cerivastatin cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.97	4	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyridines; statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	2.47	2	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidines; statin (synthetic); sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	2.88	4	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.	2.05	1	0	icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid	anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	2.44	2	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	4.55	4	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	2.39	2	0
keratan sulfate Keratan Sulfate: A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.. keratan sulfate : A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions.. keratan 6'-sulfate : A keratan sulfate with random sulfation at the 6'-position.	1.95	1	0
brivudine brivudine: anti-herpes agent	2.03	1	0
5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol 5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene-2,8-diol: estrogen receptor ligand; structure in first source. (R,R)-5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydro-2,8-chrysenediol : A carbotetracyclic compound that is 5,6,11,12-tetrahydrochrysene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 8 and by ethyl groups at positions 5 and 11 (the 5R,11R-stereoisomer). It is an agonist of ER-alpha and antagonist of ER-beta receptors.	2.44	2	0	carbotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	estrogen receptor agonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	2.05	1	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	3.16	5	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid 2-amino-3-(5-tert-butyl-3-(phosphonomethoxy)-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
drf 2725 ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma	2.75	3	0
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	2.47	2	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	4.33	6	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime: structure in first source. 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin substituted at position 6 by a bromo group and in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.	2.05	1	0
histidyl-proline diketopiperazine cyclo(L-His-L-Pro) : A homodetic cyclic peptide resulting from the formal condensation of both the amino and acid groups of L-histidine with the acid and amino groups of L-proline. It is a metabolite of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).	2.13	1	0	dipeptide; homodetic cyclic peptide; imidazoles; pyrrolopyrazine	anti-inflammatory agent; dopamine uptake inhibitor; human blood serum metabolite
alitretinoin Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.	2.05	1	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; metabolite; retinoid X receptor agonist
L-cycloserine L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.	2.03	1	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one	anti-HIV agent; anticonvulsant; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.05	1	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
afimoxifene afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.	2.13	1	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist; metabolite
decitabine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol [no description available]	2.03	1	0
teniposide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
ketoconazole (2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.	2.13	1	0	cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
purvalanol a 6-((3-chloro)anilino)-2-(isopropyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-9-isopropylpurine: purvalanol A is the (1R)-isomer;	2.45	2	0	purvalanol
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	2.07	1	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	4.93	12	0	actinomycin	mutagen
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
aphidicolin Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.	2.13	1	0	tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimicrobial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; apoptosis inducer; Aspergillus metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
arsphenamine Arsphenamine: An organoarsenic compound that was commonly used for treating SYPHILIS and other diseases.	3.44	2	0
azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.	2.77	3	0	carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	5.42	8	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.47	2	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
rubitecan rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.	2.05	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin	antiinfective agent
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	2.87	4	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
maltitol maltitol : An alpha-D-glucoside consisting of D-glucitol having an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 4-position. Used as a sugar substitute.	2.13	1	0	alpha-D-glucoside; glycosyl alditol	laxative; metabolite; sweetening agent
sodium thiocyanate sodium thiocyanate: RN given refers to thiocyanic acid, Na salt. sodium thiocyanate : An organic sodium salt which is the monosodium salt of thiocyanic acid.	1.98	1	0	organic sodium salt
potassium permanganate Potassium Permanganate: Permanganic acid (HMnO4), potassium salt. A highly oxidative, water-soluble compound with purple crystals, and a sweet taste. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Information, 4th ed)	2.63	3	0
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	2.46	2	0	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	NMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.	4.55	4	0	organic sodium salt	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.	2.46	2	0	arsenic oxide	antineoplastic agent; insecticide
dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.	8.78	25	3	organic sodium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
ditiocarb sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic molecular entity
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	3.04	1	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
Tetrahydropiperine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles
5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available]	1.96	1	0	tetrazoles
tolfenamic acid tolfenamic acid: structure. tolfenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity.	3.41	1	1	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
idarubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0	anthracycline
carbenoxolone sodium Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.	3.07	5	0	triterpenoid
carbenoxolone [no description available]	2.46	2	0
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.	2.02	1	0	3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes	antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent
geraniol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol; monoterpenoid; primary alcohol	allergen; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
glycosides [no description available]	3.96	14	0
4-oxothiazolidine 4-oxothiazolidine: structure in first source	1.94	1	0
chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.	2.45	2	0	chalcone	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.46	8	0	isomethyleugenol
piperine piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles; N-acylpiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary carboxamide	food component; human blood serum metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate	1.95	1	0	triterpene	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	2	1	0	stilbene
thermospine thermospine: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
isoliquiritigenin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	chalcones	antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist
chloroquine diphosphate [no description available]	2.25	1	0	chloroquine
dibenzylidene acetone dibenzylidene acetone: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
ilepcimide ilepcimide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation	2.05	1	0	benzodioxoles
rauwolscine Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.	2.03	1	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide [no description available]	2.05	1	0	diterpenoid
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite
buprenorphine Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.. buprenorphine : A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. It is highly effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and is also increasingly being used in the treatment of chronic pain.	1.99	1	0	morphinane alkaloid	delta-opioid receptor antagonist; kappa-opioid receptor antagonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.	2.63	3	0	vasopressin	cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen
pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	3.96	4	0	diphosphate ion
etorphine [no description available]	1.96	1	0	alcohol; morphinane alkaloid	opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; sedative
gw9662 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding	2.44	2	0	benzamides
calmidazolium calmidazolium chloride : The organic choride salt of calmidazolium.	2.44	2	0	organic chloride salt	apoptosis inducer; calmodulin antagonist
4-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-6-thiophen-2-yl-8-cyclohepta[c]furanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	cycloheptafuran
5-[(5-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3-furanyl)methoxy]-2-methyl-3-benzofurancarboxylic acid 2-methoxyethyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; benzofurans
5,6,7-trimethoxy-1-methyl-2-indolecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
haplamine haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source	2.13	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle
chloramphenicol succinate chloramphenicol succinate: inactive precursor (PRODRUGS) of chloramphenicol; used for parenteral administration of chloramphenicol; RN given refers to (R-(R,R))-isomer	1.96	1	0	amphetamines; hemisuccinate
tropisetron hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
Reactive blue 2 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	anthraquinone
5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-benzimidazol-2-one 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one: stimulates Cl- secretion in the mouse jejunum	2.03	1	0	dichlorobenzene
quinidine sulfate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
leuprolide Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	2.47	2	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.	2.49	2	0
diethylstilbestrol dipropionate diethylstilbestrol dipropionate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.13	1	0
(1S,2R)-2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	2.13	1	0	alkylbenzene
glycerylphosphorylcholine choline alfoscerate : A member of the class of phosphocholines that is the choline ester of sn-glycero-3-phosphate. It is one of the major osmolyte in the renal medullary cells.. glycerophosphocholine : The glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine. A nutrient with many different roles in human health.	2.13	1	0	phosphocholines; sn-glycerol 3-phosphates	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; parasympatholytic; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-methylscopolamine nitrate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	4.57	8	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
phenytoin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0
nsc 4347 NSC 4347: structure in first source	2.13	1	0
ipratropium bromide anhydrous [no description available]	2.76	3	0
ipratropium [no description available]	2.07	1	0
4-methoxy-N1,N3-bis(3-pyridinyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
methamilane methiodide [no description available]	2.47	2	0
physostigmine salicylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	azaheterocycle salicylate salt; salicylates
pilocarpine nitrate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
r 59949 R 59949: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	2.75	3	0
methylatropine nitrate [no description available]	2.47	2	0
1-[1-oxo-2-[(4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[c][1]benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]ethyl]-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
prothionamide Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.	2.49	2	0	pyridines
2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzoxazine
chlorprothixene Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.	2.47	2	0	chlorprothixene
dienestrol Dienestrol: A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.. dienestrol : An olefinic compound that is hexa-2,4-diene substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.	3.54	2	0
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	2.05	1	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	10.54	23	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.	4.3	6	0	pyrimidone
sb 366791 N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide: a TRPV1 antagonist; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
ag-213 tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells;	2.44	2	0
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.	2.44	2	0	catechols; polyphenol; resorcinols; stilbenol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bemesetron [no description available]	2.44	2	0
phenylthiourea Phenylthiourea: Phenylthiourea is a THIOUREA derivative containing a phenyl ring. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans can find it either bitter-tasting or tasteless.. N-phenylthiourea : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a phenyl group. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans find it either very bitter-tasting or tasteless. This unusual property resulted in N-phenylthiourea being used in paternity testing prior to the advent of DNA testing.	3.96	2	0	thioureas	EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
4-methoxy-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)benzamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzamides
(S)-(-)-pindolol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	pindolol
levosulpiride (S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).	2.03	1	0	sulpiride	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
dansylproline dansylproline: RN given refers to L-proline isomer	2.44	2	0
caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.	2.74	3	0	caffeic acid	geroprotector; mouse metabolite
captax captax: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol : 1,3-Benzothiazole substituted at the 2-position with a sulfanyl group.	3.1	1	0	aryl thiol; benzothiazoles	carcinogenic agent; metabolite
5-methyl-4-[(2-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid methyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
2-(1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolyl)-N-(3-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	phthalimides
4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine 4-fluorophenyl-L-alanine : A L-phenylalanine derivative that is L-phenylalanine in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group.	2.44	2	0	4-fluorophenylalanine; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
phenylthiazolylthiourea Phenylthiazolylthiourea: A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor.	2.05	1	0
urocanic acid Urocanic Acid: 4-Imidazoleacrylic acid.. urocanic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid substituted by a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. It is a metabolite of hidtidine.. trans-urocanic acid : A urocanic acid in which the double bond of the carboxyethene moiety has E configuration.	2.47	2	0	urocanic acid	human metabolite
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	stilbenoid
(2'-(4-aminophenyl)-(2,5'-bi-1h-benzimidazol)-5-amine) [no description available]	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.	2.44	2	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid	antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available]	2.13	1	0	oxadiazole; ring assembly
3-(3,5-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyranyl)propanoic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	psoralens
1,6-dimethyl-3-(2-pyridinyl)pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-dione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrimidotriazine
flunarizine Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
thiothixene [no description available]	4.06	4	0	N-methylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	3.74	3	0	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	4.62	3	2	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
9-hydroxy-4-[1-oxo-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyridochromene
5-bromo-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [3-(3-methylphenoxy)-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl] ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	chromones
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
nootkatone nootkatone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. (+)-nootkatone : A sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer).	2.07	1	0	carbobicyclic compound; enone; sesquiterpenoid	fragrance; insect repellent; plant metabolite
thiouracil Thiouracil: Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.. thiouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group.	4.42	7	0	nucleobase analogue; thiocarbonyl compound	antithyroid drug; metabolite
5-methyl-4-[(3-methyl-6-oxo-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c][1]benzopyran-1-yl)oxymethyl]-2-furancarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
4-methyl-3-(phenylmethyl)-7-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1-benzopyran-2-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-quinolinyl]-(4-morpholinyl)methanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
5-(3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutoxy)-3,4,7-trimethyl-1-benzopyran-2-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	coumarins
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	3.23	6	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic amide; furans
2-(8-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-quinolinyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
N-[(6-methoxy-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-3-yl)methyl]-N-propan-2-yl-2-furancarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.	2.93	4	0	diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	14.68	25	4	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	2.75	3	0	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine [no description available]	2.71	3	0	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
cysteine sulfinic acid 3-sulfino-L-alanine : The organosulfinic acid arising from oxidation of the sulfhydryl group of L-cysteine.	2.03	1	0	organosulfinic acid; S-substituted L-cysteine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; mouse metabolite
d-ap7 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
oxazolone Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent.	2.06	1	0
chlorogenic acid caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	3.47	2	0	cinnamate ester; tannin	food component; plant metabolite
tg 003 TG 003: a Clk inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	stilbenoid
1-cyclohexyl-3-(6-ethoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)urea [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzothiazoles
N-[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methanamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
2-[[5-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethoxy]-4-oxo-2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-7-yl]oxy]acetic acid tert-butyl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	flavones; tert-butyl ester
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	2.92	4	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
ethylenethiourea Ethylenethiourea: A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause THYROID hyperplasia.	2.13	1	0	imidazolidines
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.96	4	0	hydrochloride
tacrine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.97	4	0
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	3.74	3	0	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
sodium propionate sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	antifungal drug; food preservative
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	4.25	4	1	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
thioacetamide Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.	2.69	3	0	thiocarboxamide	hepatotoxic agent
4-bromotetramisole, oxalate (1:1), salt(s)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
p-aminosalicylic acid monosodium salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	5.22	16	0	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
mecysteine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester
4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester, hydrochloride, (dl)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
streptozocin [no description available]	2.75	3	0
capsazepine capsazepine: modified capsaicin molecule; a capsaicin receptor antagonist. capsazepine : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.	2.44	2	0	benzazepine; catechols; monochlorobenzenes; thioureas	capsaicin receptor antagonist
diphenyleneiodium chloride dibenziodolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having dibenziodolium as the counterion.	2.44	2	0	organic chloride salt	EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; G-protein-coupled receptor agonist
azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, (cis)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tamoxifen citrate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	citrate salt	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent
tamoxifen [no description available]	4.63	8	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
nadp [no description available]	5.35	11	0
pimagedine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
Betaine Aldehyde Chloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	3.09	5	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
2-(2-furanyl)-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
dihydrosamidine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
N-(2-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dimethylaniline [no description available]	2.13	1	0	methylbenzene
eskazine [no description available]	2.75	3	0
3-(n,n-dimethylsulfonamido)-4-methyl-nitrobenzene BRL-50481 : A C-nitro compound that is benzene substituted by N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl, methyl and nitro groups at positions 1, 2 and 5, respectively. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor selective for the PDE7 subtype (Ki = 180 nM).	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; toluenes	bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.53 (3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; geroprotector
2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	methylbenzene
monastrol monastrol: stops mitosis by fostering formation of monopolar spindles; structure in first source. (S)-monastrol : An ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate that has S configuration.. monastrol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-monastrol.. ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate : A member of the class of thioureas that is 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1)-thione substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 4, an ethoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6.	2.03	1	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; phenols; racemate; thioureas	antileishmanial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
2-[3-oxo-1-[[[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]amino]-sulfanylidenemethyl]-2-piperazinyl]acetic acid propan-2-yl ester [no description available]	2.13	1	0	isopropyl ester; piperazines
zeranol Zeranol: A non-steroidal estrogen analog.	2.13	1	0	macrolide
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	2.69	3	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
artemotil artemotil: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	0	artemisinin derivative
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	2.39	2	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	1.95	1	0	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	4.99	13	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.47	2	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.	7.38	2	0	C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
hmr 3647 [no description available]	2.75	3	0
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.44	2	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
telaprevir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
femoxetine femoxetine: serotonin uptake inhibitor; RN given refers to (3R-trans)-isomer	1.95	1	0	piperidines
glycylproline Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide	metabolite
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide 4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.	2.44	2	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	5.4	8	0	alkali metal atom
thiamylal Thiamylal: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anesthesia, or for inducing a hypnotic state. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p919). thiamylal : A member of the class of barbiturates that is 2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by a pentan-2-yl and prop-2-en-1-yl group at position 5.	2.38	2	0	barbiturates; organosulfur compound	sedative
cobaltous chloride cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.	1.96	1	0	cobalt salt; inorganic chloride	allergen; calcium channel blocker; sensitiser; two-colour indicator
nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.	1.96	1	0	nitrogen oxide
dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.	1.95	1	0	amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate
burimamide Burimamide: An antagonist of histamine that appears to block both H2 and H3 histamine receptors. It has been used in the treatment of ulcers.	1.95	1	0	imidazoles
droloxifene [no description available]	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
raclopride Raclopride: A substituted benzamide that has antipsychotic properties. It is a dopamine D2 receptor (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D2) antagonist.	2	1	0	salicylamides
or 1259 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; nitrile; pyridazinone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
mannomustine Mannomustine: Nitrogen mustard derivative alkylating agent used as antineoplastic. It causes severe bone marrow depression and is a powerful vesicant.	3.73	3	0	amino alcohol
monooctanoin monooctanoin: dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6. rac-1-monooctanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol comprising equal amounts of 1-octanoyl-sn-glycerol and 3-octanoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monooctanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has octanoyl as the acyl group.	2.13	1	0	1-monoglyceride; octanoate ester; rac-1-monoacylglycerol
almokalant almokalant: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
gestodene Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer	2.46	2	0	steroid	estrogen
glucametacin glucametacin: indomethacin analog; structure	2.39	2	0
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.	2.05	1	0	beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative	anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene idoxifene: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	stilbenoid
quinine [no description available]	6.37	32	0	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
zofenoprilate zofenoprilate: RN given refers to ((1(R*),2alpha,4alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 9/90. zofenoprilat : A proline derivative that is 4-(phenylsulfanyl)-L-proline in which the amine proton is replaced by a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. The active metabolite of zofenopril.	2	1	0	aryl sulfide; L-proline derivative; N-acyl-L-amino acid; thiol	anticonvulsant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
glycodeoxycholic acid Glycodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 3/87	2.03	1	0
2-chloro-n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-n-methyluronamide 2-chloro-N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
cystine [no description available]	3.44	2	0
alpha-hydroxytamoxifen alpha-hydroxytamoxifen: structure in first source	3.12	1	0	stilbenoid
sch 23390 SCH 23390: a selective D1-receptor antagonist. SCH 23390 : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 7 and a hydroxy substituent at position 8.	3.1	1	0	benzazepine
bp 897 BP 897: a dopamine D3 receptor agonist; structure in first source	2.44	2	0	naphthalenecarboxamide
ketazocine ketazocine: RN given refers to parent cpd(2S-(2alpha,6alpha,11S*))-isomer	1.96	1	0
trequinsin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
neboglamine neboglamine: potential memory enhancer	2.03	1	0
zd 6474 CH 331: structure in first source	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; organobromine compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines; secondary amine	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amanitins Amanitins: Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals.	1.95	1	0
trimethoprim [no description available]	2.13	1	0
silybin [no description available]	2.46	2	0
4-hydroxy-1-[1-oxo-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propyl]-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide
N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-ylmethyl)-2-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
3-acetyl-6-methyl-1H-quinolin-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	quinolines
benzatropine methanesulfonate benzatropine mesylate : The methanesulfonate salt of benzatropine. An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	2.44	2	0
sb 203186 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
n-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-n'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea N-(1-methyl-5-indolyl)-N'-(3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)urea: a 5-HT(2B) receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. 1-(1-methylindol-5-yl)-3-(3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)urea : A member of ther class of ureas that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens has been replaced by an N-methylindol-5-yl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen has been replaced by a 3-methyl-1,2-thiazol-5-yl group. It is a potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2B) receptor.	2.44	2	0	1,2-thiazoles; indoles; ureas	receptor modulator; serotonergic antagonist
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	4.19	18	0
3-(phenylthio)-1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanone [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aryl sulfide
gw 7647 GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.	2.44	2	0	aryl sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; ureas	PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	1.95	1	0	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
ro 41-0960 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
cgp 13501 CGP 13501: structure in first source	2.03	1	0	alkylbenzene
n-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide N-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamide: dopamine D4 ligand; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
chloramine-t chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt	allergen; antifouling biocide; disinfectant
l 663536 MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.	2.05	1	0	aryl sulfide; indoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist
brl 15572 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol : An N-alkylpiperazine that is 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine carrying a 3,3-diphenyl-2-hydroxyprop-1-yl group at position 4. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.44	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; secondary alcohol	geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
mrs 1523 2,3-diethyl-4,5-dipropyl-6-phenylpyridine-3-thiocarboxylate-5-carboxylate: adenosine A3 receptor antagonist	2.44	2	0
N-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-9b-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoindole-1-carboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	imidazolidines
Anthraniloyllycoctonine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	diterpene alkaloid
or486 OR486: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0	quinoxaline derivative
alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	10.34	19	0
iik7 IIK7: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
sb 415286 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.44	2	0	C-nitro compound; maleimides; monochlorobenzenes; phenols; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
dm 235 DM 235: structure in first source	2.44	2	0
17-ketosteroids 17-Ketosteroids: Steroids that contain a ketone group at position 17.. 17-oxo steroid : Any oxo steroid carrying the oxo group at position 17.	4.29	6	0
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.	4.66	3	0
jhw 015 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	indolecarboxamide
bw 723c86 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	tryptamines
pyrazolidine-3,5-dione pyrazolidine-3,5-dione: structure in first source	1.93	1	0
sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.	2.73	3	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic amide
sc-19220 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether
le 300 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	indoles
digitoxigenin Digitoxigenin: 3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.. digitoxigenin : A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22).	3.1	1	0	14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid
flosequinan [no description available]	2.05	1	0	quinolines
1-[3-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	harmala alkaloid
ly 367265 LY 367265: a 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter inhibitor; a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist; structure in first source. LY-367,265 : A fluoroindole that is 1H-indole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 6 are replaced by 1-[2-(2,2-dioxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-2lambda(6)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[4,3,2-ij]quinolin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is an inhibitor of the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (Ki = 2.3 nM) and an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor (Ki = 0.81 nM).	2.44	2	0	dihydropyridine; fluoroindole; tertiary amino compound; thiadiazoloquinoline	antidepressant; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	4.06	4	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
alsterpaullone alsterpaullone: structure in first source. alsterpaullone : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1-benzazepin-2-one which shares its 4-5 bond with the 3-2 bond of 5-nitro-1H-indole.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; caprolactams; organic heterotetracyclic compound	anti-HIV-1 agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor
diclofenac sodium Diclofenac Sodium: The sodium form of DICLOFENAC. It is used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.. diclofenac sodium : The sodium salt of diclofenac.	2.75	3	0	organic sodium salt
cgp 7930 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenol: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	alkylbenzene
1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1h-pyrazole 4,4',4''-(4-propylpyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol : A pyrazole that is 1H-pyrazole bearing three 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at positions 1, 3 and 5 as well as a propyl substituent at position 4. Potent, subtype-selective estrogen receptor agonist (EC50 ~ 200 pM); displays 410-fold selectivity for ERalpha over ERbeta. Prevents ovariectomy-induced weight gain and loss of bone mineral density, and induces gene expression in the hypothalamus following systemic administration in vivo.	2.44	2	0	phenols; pyrazoles	estrogen receptor agonist
sib 1757 SIB 1757: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis.	2.36	2	0	ethyl ester; maleate ester	glutathione depleting agent
sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.	2.03	1	0	sphing-4-enine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quercetin [no description available]	4.37	6	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bilirubin [no description available]	8.54	27	1	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	7.54	39	4	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	3.49	8	0	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
biochanin a [no description available]	2.13	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
prostaglandin b1 prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).	2.13	1	0	prostaglandins B	human metabolite
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	3.82	3	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
luteolin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes	2.05	1	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol	antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
scopoletin [no description available]	3.1	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	6.65	19	0
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	2.05	1	0	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.	5.18	6	2	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent
thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation.	1.96	1	0	epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A	mouse metabolite
retinol palmitate retinol palmitate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. retinyl palmitate : A palmitate ester of retinol with undefined geometry about the C=C bonds.. all-trans-retinyl palmitate : An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol. It is used in cosmetic products to treat various skin disorders such as acne, skin aging, wrinkles, dark spots, and also protect against psoriasis.	2.46	2	0	all-trans-retinyl ester; retinyl palmitate	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite
hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.	3.1	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
daphnetin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	hydroxycoumarin
8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14.	1.96	1	0	fatty acid 20:3; long-chain fatty acid	fungal metabolite; human metabolite; nutraceutical
alprostadil [no description available]	3.1	5	0	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.	3.82	3	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	3.78	3	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.	6.04	11	3	disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
kaempferol [no description available]	2.02	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; flavonols; tetrahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.	3.36	7	0	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prostaglandin f1 prostaglandin F1: was EN to PROSTAGLANDINS F (75-81); RN given refers to (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.13	1	0	prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite
genistein [no description available]	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	3.16	5	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.	2.47	2	0	oxapenam	antibacterial drug; anxiolytic drug; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.	3.32	6	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen
oxymetholone Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.	4.15	5	0
eprosartan eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.	2.46	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; imidazoles; thiophenes	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.97	4	0	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
timolol maleate (S)-timolol maleate : The maleic acid salt of the active (S)-enantiomer of timolol, comprising equimolar amounts of (S)-timolol and maleic acid.	3.16	5	0	maleate salt	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
brompheniramine maleate brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.16	5	0	maleate salt	anti-allergic agent
chlorpheniramine maleate [no description available]	2.96	4	0	organic molecular entity
clemastine fumarate clemastine fumarate : The fumaric acid salt of clemastine. An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	2.96	4	0	fumarate salt	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
methylergonovine maleate [no description available]	2.96	4	0	ergoline alkaloid	geroprotector
ethchlorvynol Ethchlorvynol: A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.. ethchlorvynol : Propargyl alcohol in which the methylene hydrogens are substituted by ethyl and 2-chlorovinyl groups. A hypnotic and sedative, it is used for treatment of insomnia in some cases where an intolerance or allergy to more commonly used drugs exists.	2.36	2	0
mycophenolate mofetil mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	2.05	1	0	carboxylic ester; ether; gamma-lactone; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	4.06	4	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	2.74	3	0	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
cucurbitacin d cucurbitacin D: toxic constituent in edible gourd; see also records for cucurbitacins & specific cucurbitacins. cucurbitacin D : A cucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at positions 5 and 23.	2.06	1	0	cucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
nsc 106399 cucurbitacin E: RN refers to (9beta,10alpha,16alpha,23E)-isomer; structure given in first source. cucurbitacin E : A cucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at positions 1, 5 and 23.	2.06	1	0	cucurbitacin; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cucurbitacin i cucurbitacin I: toxic constituent in edible gourd; see also records for cucurbitacins & specific cucurbitacins. cucurbitacin I : A cucurbitacin that is 9,10,14-trimethyl-4,9-cyclo-9,10-secocholesta-2,5,23-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 16, 20 and 25 and oxo groups at positions 1, 11 and 22.	2.06	1	0	cucurbitacin; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
harman harman: a beta-carboline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. harman : An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.	2.44	2	0	harmala alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
usambarensine usambarensine: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	harmala alkaloid
esculetin esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.	3.1	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antioxidant; plant metabolite; ultraviolet filter
esculin [no description available]	1.95	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; hydroxycoumarin	antioxidant; metabolite
7-hydroxycoumarin 7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.	3.51	2	0	hydroxycoumarin	fluorescent probe; food component; plant metabolite
humulene humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.	2.64	3	0	alpha-humulene
zearalenone Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.	2.13	1	0	macrolide; resorcinols	fungal metabolite; mycoestrogen
baicalein [no description available]	3.1	1	0	trihydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	3.1	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
diosmin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; rutinoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant
fisetin [no description available]	3.1	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; 7-hydroxyflavonol; tetrahydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; metabolite; plant metabolite
galangin 5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.	3.1	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; trihydroxyflavone	antimicrobial agent; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
myricetin [no description available]	2.44	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
patuletin patuletin: structure given in first source; inhibits aldose reductase in rat lens. patuletin : A trimethoxyflavone that is quercetagetin methylated at position 6.	2.25	1	0	flavonols; monomethoxyflavone; pentahydroxyflavone	analgesic; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
coumestrol Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.	2.07	1	0	coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent	2.46	2	0	alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid	plant metabolite
caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.	2.44	2	0	alkyl caffeate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
rottlerin rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.	2.44	2	0	aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone	anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite
flupenthixol cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.	2.93	4	0	flupenthixol	dopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	2.47	2	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.75	3	0	3-hydroxy steroid; steroid glucosiduronic acid
l 660,711 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	quinolines
estriol 17-glucuronide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid saponin
coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.	2.05	1	0	ubiquinones	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite
n-oleoyldopamine N-oleoyldopamine: putative capsaicin receptor ligand; produces hyperalgesia; isolated from the brain. N-oleoyldopamine : A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with the amino group of dopamine. Synthesised in catecholaminergic neurons, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and might be considered as a carrier of dopamine into the brain. It is a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist.	2.44	2	0	catechols; fatty amide; N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine; secondary carboxamide	TRPV1 agonist
pheniramine maleate Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
gefarnate Gefarnate: A water insoluble terpene fatty acid used in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers; it facilitates the healing and function of mucosal tissue.	1.94	1	0	organic molecular entity
tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.	2.97	4	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent
4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.	3.06	1	0	stilbenoid
trimipramine maleate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	maleate salt	antidepressant
4-hydroxyestradiol 4-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen. 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 4.	3.54	2	0	4-hydroxy steroid	metabolite
menatetrenone menaquinone-4 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.	2.13	1	0	menaquinone	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; bone density conservation agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.	2.41	2	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid	keratolytic drug
isotretinoin Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.	4.39	6	0	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; teratogenic agent
misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.	2.92	4	0
xylometazoline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
flunarizine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
ketotifen fumarate ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.	2.75	3	0	organoammonium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
dinoprost tromethamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
ozagrel ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer	2.05	1	0	cinnamic acids
triprolidine Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	3.06	5	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.	2.47	2	0	cyclopropanes; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolines; statin (synthetic)	antioxidant
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of cis-flupenthixol.	2.74	3	0	hydrochloride	geroprotector
hydrocortisone valerate hydrocortisone valerate: used in treatment of atopic dermatitis; RN given refers to 11beta-isomer	2.13	1	0	cortisol ester; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; valerate ester
alatrofloxacin mesylate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
prostaglandin f2 methyl ester prostaglandin F2 methyl ester: has ocular hypotensive effect; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer	2.13	1	0	prostanoid
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.	11.22	19	2	thromboxanes B	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
n-arachidonylglycine N-arachidonylglycine: structure in first source. N-arachidonoylglycine : Biologically active derivative of anandamide	2.44	2	0	fatty amide; N-acylglycine
n-oleoylethanolamine N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide.	2.44	2	0	endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-acylethanolamine 18:1	EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
hyodeoxycholic acid hyodeoxycholic acid: differs from deoxycholic acid in that the 6 alpha-OH is in the 12 position in the former; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,6alpha)-isomer. hyodeoxycholic acid : A member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6.	3.1	1	0	5beta-cholanic acids; 6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid; bile acid; C24-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
codeine [no description available]	8.61	44	2	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	4.65	8	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
perhexiline maleate [no description available]	3.5	2	0
phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0	organic molecular entity
phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.	2.67	3	0	hydrochloride
natamycin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; dicarboxylic acid monoester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyene antibiotic	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; ophthalmology drug
mepyramine maleate histosol: proprietary mixture of synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons forming an extremely nonpolar organic solvent	2.75	3	0
3-amino-1-methyl-5h-pyrido(4,3-b)indole 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole: structure	1.96	1	0	pyridoindole
acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.	2.75	3	0	acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid	keratolytic drug
acrivastine acrivastine: a second generation antihistamine. acrivastine : A member of the class of pyridines that is (pyridin-2-yl)acrylic acid substituted at position 6 by a [(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a non-sedating antihistamine used for treatment of hayfever, urticaria, and rhinitis.	2	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
cyproterone Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.	2.07	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; chlorinated steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	androgen antagonist
dihydrocodeine dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.05	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dothiepin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	dothiepin
ethisterone Ethisterone: 17 alpha-Hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progestational effects.. ethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 17beta hydrogen is replaced by an ethynyl group. Ethisterone was the first orally active progestin and is a metabolite of danazol.	2.13	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol	drug metabolite; progestin
hydrocodone Hydrocodone: Narcotic analgesic related to CODEINE, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant.. hydrocodone : A morphinane-like compound that is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from codeine.	2.07	1	0	morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
hydromorphone Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.	3.53	2	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
iodopyracet Iodopyracet: An ionic monomeric contrast medium that was formerly used for a variety of diagnostic procedures. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706). diodone : A 4-pyridone in which the pyridone is iodo-substituted at C-3 and -5 and has a carboxymethyl substituent on nitrogen; used as a radiocontrast agent urography.	2.63	3	0
levetiracetam Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.	2.05	1	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ly 163892 loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	2.75	3	0	carbacephem; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
nalmefene nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer	4.06	4	0	morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.	6.65	10	0	morphinane alkaloid
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	6.61	9	1	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.	3.1	1	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
oxymorphone Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)	3.83	3	0	morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.	1.94	1	0	phylloquinones; vitamin K	cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	2.41	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
topiramate Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.	2.46	2	0	cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester	anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol 6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol bearing an additional 6alpha-hydroxy substituent.	3.54	2	0	6alpha-hydroxy steroid
brefeldin a [no description available]	2.44	2	0	macrolide antibiotic	Penicillium metabolite
alvocidib alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.	3.54	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol seocalcitol: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
fenretinide Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.	2.74	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant
geldanamycin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; ansamycin; carbamate ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	12.37	63	3	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
demycarosylturimycin h [no description available]	2.05	1	0
su 9516 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid 4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).	2.44	2	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent; retinoic acid receptor agonist; teratogenic agent
l-2-(carboxypropyl)glycine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
4-aminocrotonic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0
clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	1.97	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist
denopamine denopamine: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	dimethoxybenzene
desonide Desonide: A nonfluorinated corticosteroid anti-inflammatory agent used topically for DERMATOSES.. desonide : Triamcinolone acetonide with hydrogen instead of the fluorine substituent at position 9. A corticosteroid anti-inflammatory, it is used topically as a cream, ointment or lotion for the treatment of various skin disorders.	7.87	4	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; corticosteroid; cyclic ketal; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
desoximetasone Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.	2.13	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
kallidin Kallidin: A decapeptide bradykinin homolog cleaved from kininogen by kallikreins. It is a smooth-muscle stimulant and hypotensive agent that acts by vasodilatation.	4.54	8	0	peptide
iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.	2.4	2	0	carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol	platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
l 655,708 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
lacidipine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cinnamate ester; tert-butyl ester
lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.	2.35	2	0	1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.	3.22	6	0	cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor
ml 10302 2-piperidinoethyl 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
nalbuphine Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.	4.03	4	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
ro 41-1049 Ro 41-1049: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
nateglinide Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	2.07	1	0	phenylalanine derivative
sb 200646a [no description available]	2.44	2	0
seglitide seglitide: more potent than somatostatin for inhibition of insulin, glucagon & growth hormone release; used experimentally in treatment of Alzheimer's disease; somatostatin receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0
sib 1893 SIB 1893: a selective mGluR5 antagonist; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
u-44619 thromboxane A2 agonist : An agonist that binds to and activates thromboxane A2 receptors.	2.13	1	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
zuclopenthixol zuclopenthixol : The (Z)-isomer of clopenthixol.	2	1	0	clopenthixol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
su 6656 SU 6656: a c-Src kinase inhibitor; used to probe growth signaling; structure in first source. SU6656 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which the hydrogeh at position 5 has been replaced by a dimethylaminosulfonyl group and in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indol-2-yl group. It is a specific inhibitor of Src family kinase.	2.44	2	0
11,14,17-eicosatrienoate all-cis-icosa-11,14,17-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis- double bonds at positions 11, 14 and 17.	1.96	1	0	fatty acid 20:3; omega-3 fatty acid
centaureidin centaureidin: structure given in first source; isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum, Brickellia veronicaefolia. centaureidin : A trihydroxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii and Athroisma proteiforme.	1.98	1	0	trihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite
cinnamyl alcohol cinnamyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-cinnamyl alcohol : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamyl alcohol.. cinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified).	3.1	1	0	cinnamyl alcohol	plant metabolite
hypolaetin-8-glucoside hypolaetin-8-glucoside: isolated from Sideritis mugronensis; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
licochalcone a licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	2.05	1	0	chalcones
kaempferol-7-methyl ether rhamnocitrin : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 7-methyl ether derivative of kaempferol.	2	1	0	flavonols; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	plant metabolite
furazolidone [no description available]	2.98	4	0
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	3.43	7	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
erbstatin erbstatin: from actinomycetes; an inhibitor of EGF-receptor kinase & other protein-tyrosine kinases; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
ag 538 AG 538: an IGF-1 receptor kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
tyrphostin ag 555 [no description available]	2.75	3	0
tyrphostin ag-494 AG 494: tyrphostin that blocks Cdk2 activation; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
tyrphostin b44 tyrphostin B44: inhibits protein kinases; an analog of tyrphostin B46; B44(+) is B50, and is the stereoisomer of B44(-)	2.44	2	0
ag-490 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	catechols; enamide; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; STAT3 inhibitor
ag 112 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ag 183 AG 183: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.74	3	0	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.	2.05	1	0
nifuroxazide nifuroxazide: structure	2.13	1	0	benzoic acids
stilbamidine stilbamidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	3.74	3	0	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: RN given refers to (E,Z)-isomer; RN for unspecified isomer not in Chemline 8/12/83. 13-HPODE : An HPODE (hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 9 and 11 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroperoxy group is at position 13.	1.97	1	0	hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; octadecadienoic acid
15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine: adenosine antagonist. 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine : Caffeine substituted at its 8-position by an (E)-3-chlorostyryl group.	2.44	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
bay 11-7085 BAY11-7085 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]sulfonyl and tert-butyl groups at position 1 and 4, respectively. It is an irreversible inhibitor of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells (IC50 = 10 muM) and prevents the activation of NF-kappaB.	2.44	2	0	benzenes; nitrile; sulfone	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor
bw b70c BW B70C: arachidonic acid antagonist. BW B70C : A hydroxamic acid that is urea in which both the hydrogens attached to one of the nitrogens are replaced by a hydroxy and a (1E)-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]but-1-en-3-yl group. A selective inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, it can be used for the treatment of asthma.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; hydroxamic acid; organofluorine compound; ureas	EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.	2.96	4	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; indoles; organofluorine compound
molsidomine [no description available]	2.76	3	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.	2.03	1	0	1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide)
rg 13022 RG 13022: structure given in first source	2.13	1	0
antimony Antimony: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.	3.04	1	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen
octylmethoxycinnamate [no description available]	2.46	2	0	cinnamate ester
barium Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.	1.95	1	0	alkaline earth metal atom; elemental barium
styrylquinoline styrylquinoline: structure in first source	2.13	1	0	2-styrylquinoline
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	4.25	3	0	alkali metal atom
nomifensine maleate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
codeine phosphate [no description available]	1.95	1	0
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	4.71	7	1	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
levorphanol Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.	6.37	7	0	morphinane alkaloid
strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.	3.05	1	0	alkaline earth metal atom
bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.	2.34	2	0	metal atom; pnictogen
levallorphan Levallorphan: An opioid antagonist with properties similar to those of NALOXONE; in addition it also possesses some agonist properties. It should be used cautiously; levallorphan reverses severe opioid-induced respiratory depression but may exacerbate respiratory depression such as that induced by alcohol or other non-opioid central depressants. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p683)	2.34	2	0	morphinane alkaloid
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.73	3	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.	5.02	7	0	cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	3.12	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.	2.94	4	0	6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene	antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic
nalbuphine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride
lasalocid Lasalocid: Cationic ionophore antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lasaliensis that, among other effects, dissociates the calcium fluxes in muscle fibers. It is used as a coccidiostat, especially in poultry.. lasalocid : A polyether antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.	3.06	1	0	beta-hydroxy ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; oxanes; oxolanes; polyether antibiotic; secondary alcohol; tertiary alcohol	bacterial metabolite; coccidiostat; ionophore
butorphanol Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.	9.32	4	1	morphinane alkaloid	antitussive; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
cefodizime cefodizime: RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefodizime : A cephalosporin compound having 5-(carboxymethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	1.97	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
cefixime [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.97	4	0	dipeptide	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	2.46	2	0	benzazepine; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; lactam	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	2.05	1	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	2.76	3	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.85	4	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
kavain [no description available]	2.13	1	0	racemate	glycine receptor antagonist
piperic acid piperinic acid: from Piper longum; structure in first source. (E,E)-piperic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is (E)-penta-2,4-dienoic acid substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from black pepper (Piper nigrum).	2.05	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; benzodioxoles	plant metabolite
isoalloxazine isoalloxazine: structure	2.03	1	0	benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione
enalapril maleate enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.	2.13	1	0	maleate salt	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	2.96	4	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
trimebutine maleate salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
vinblastine sulfate [no description available]	3.16	5	0
vincristine sulfate [no description available]	2.13	1	0
3-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1-benzopyran-4-one [no description available]	2.13	1	0	isoflavones
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	2.05	1	0
trientine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
(2R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4R)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)-3-methyl-1-oxobutyl]amino]-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1-pyrimidinyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxolanyl]acetic acid [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide
n-methylscopolamine bromide scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.	2.47	2	0
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).	1.98	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester	antigen; mouse metabolite
bleomycin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	bleomycin	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	3.56	9	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	8.03	5	0	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
heroin Heroin: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed). heroin : A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses.	1.94	1	0	morphinane alkaloid	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; prodrug
dextromethorphan hydrobromide dextromethorphan hydrobromide : The hydrobromide and monohydrate of the antitussive drug dextromethorphan.	2.96	4	0	hydrate; hydrobromide
indinavir sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0	azaheterocycle sulfate salt
enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
normorphine normorphine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer	3.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
azodicarbonamide [no description available]	2.11	1	0	organic molecular entity
naloxone hydrochloride naloxone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of naloxone and hydrogen chloride. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	2.03	1	0	hydrochloride	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
imidapril imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; imidazolidines; N-acylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
s-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid farnesylthiosalicylic acid: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	sesquiterpenoid
sulindac sulfone sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.	2.45	2	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
ximelagatran ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.	2.46	2	0	amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor
cefuroxime [no description available]	2.46	2	0	3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether	drug allergen
ceftriaxone [no description available]	2.47	2	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
ceftazidime [no description available]	2.75	3	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
br-x 537a bromolasalocid: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.06	1	0
trandolapril trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.	2.05	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
morphine-3-glucuronide morphine-3-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	3.12	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
naltrexone hydrochloride naltrexone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of oxycodone with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. it is a mu-opioid receptor antagonist that is used to treat alcohol dependence.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
naltrindole benzofuran naltrindole benzofuran: structure given in first source	3.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
oxyfedrine Oxyfedrine: A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, heart failure, conduction defects, and myocardial infarction. It is a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors and acts as a coronary vasodilator and cardiotonic agent.	1.95	1	0	aromatic ketone
naltrindole naltrindole: delta opioid receptor antagonist	3.1	1	0	isoquinolines
guanabenz acetate [no description available]	2.97	4	0	dichlorobenzene	geroprotector
guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.	1.96	1	0	dichlorobenzene
nylidrin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	alkylbenzene
triprolidine hydrochloride anhydrous triprolidine hydrochloride (anh.) : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of triprolidine and hydrogen chloride. Its monohydrate is used for the symptomatic relief of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	H1-receptor antagonist
phentolamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
famotidine [no description available]	3.44	7	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
fenoterol fenoterol hydrobromide : The hydrobromide salt of fenoterol. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	2.74	3	0	hydrobromide	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
fendiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
tiapridex Tiapride Hydrochloride: A benzamide derivative that is used as a dopamine antagonist.	2.47	2	0	benzamides
quipazine maleate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
n-(2-aminoethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride Ro 16-6491: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
nab-365 clenbuterol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of clenbuterol.	2.13	1	0	hydrochloride	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
tulobuterol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
hp 029 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
dithiazanine iodide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	benzothiazoles; organic iodide salt	anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	2.4	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
aztreonam [no description available]	2.97	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
n,n,n-trimethyl-1-(4-stilbenoxy)-2-propylammonium iodide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2h-pyran-2-one 6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one: structure given in first source; potent irreversible, mechanism-based inhibitor of myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A2	2.44	2	0	naphthalenes
nf023 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nf 449 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ajmaline Ajmaline: An alkaloid found in the root of RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA, among other plant sources. It is a class 1-A antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.. ajmaline : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that consists of ajmalan substituted at positions 17 and 21 by hydroxy groups.	1.95	1	0
7-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid 2-amino-4-methoxy-3-butenoic acid: bacterial toxin isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; RN given refers to (S-(E))-isomer	1.96	1	0
gr 46611 GR 46611: known to lower body temperature in guinea pigs	2.03	1	0
proguanil Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.	2.46	2	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
cci 15641 [no description available]	2	1	0	cephalosporin
rifamycin sv rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.	2.47	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol; rifamycins	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; bacterial metabolite
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.	1.95	1	0	azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	3.05	5	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
benzeneselenol benzeneselenol: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.93	1	0
radium Radium: A radioactive element of the alkaline earth series of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ra and atomic number 88. Radium is the product of the disintegration of URANIUM and is present in pitchblende and all ores containing uranium. It is used clinically as a source of beta and gamma-rays in radiotherapy, particularly BRACHYTHERAPY.	3.74	3	0	alkaline earth metal atom
oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.	1.93	1	0
octadecylsilane [no description available]	1.98	1	0
(3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.	2.02	1	0	(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
epoprostenol sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	prostanoid
diacetylmonoxime diacetylmonoxime: used diagnostically for determining urea in blood; structure; myosin ATPase antagonist. diacetylmonoxime : A ketoxime obtained via formal condensation of butane-2,3-dione with hydroxylamine. It is a reversible myosin ATPase inhibitor.	2.03	1	0
sinequan [no description available]	2.13	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer) [no description available]	2.44	2	0
raubasine raubasine: RN given refers to (19alpha)-isomer; structure	1.94	1	0	yohimban alkaloid
dihydroergotoxine Dihydroergotoxine: A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.	2.35	2	0
enclomiphene citrate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
buflomedil hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	aromatic ketone
vancomycin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
moxisylyte hydrochloride [no description available]	2.47	2	0	monoterpenoid
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	2.44	2	0	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	1.95	1	0	amidobenzoic acid
diphenoxylate hydrochloride diphenoxylate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenoxylate.	2.46	2	0	hydrochloride	antidiarrhoeal drug
beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate: RN given refers to unspecified fumarate	2.03	1	0
mg 624 triethyl-(beta-4-stilbenoxyethyl)ammonium: inhibits alpha7 nicotinic receptors; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d 3 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3: A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhancing the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL.	1.96	1	0
avermectin b(1)a avermectin B(1)a: RN given refers to avermectin B(1)a; see also avermectins & demethylavermectins	3.1	1	0	avermectin
flupirtine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
zimelidine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ergonovine maleate ergometrine maleate : A maleate salt resulting form the reaction of equimolar amounts of maleic acid and ergometrine. It is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced.	2.46	2	0	maleate salt	diagnostic agent; oxytocic
15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; (S-(E,Z,Z,Z))-isomer caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries; structure in first source. 15-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 15.	1.96	1	0	HPETE	human xenobiotic metabolite
isopryn, phenylbutazone drug combination isopryn, phenylbutazone drug combination: contains isopryn & phebuzine	4.19	18	0
cucurbitacin I 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside cucurbitacin I 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A triterpenoid saponin that is cucurbitacin I attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 2 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from Machilus yaoshansis.	2.06	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; cucurbitacin; monosaccharide derivative; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triterpenoid saponin	plant metabolite
ixabepilone [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; beta-hydroxy ketone; epoxide; lactam; macrocycle	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione, (17z)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
su 4312 SU4312 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a p-(dimethylamino)phenyl group. SU 4312 is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor protein tyrosine kinase 1/2 and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor. It also inhibits the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and exhibits neuroprotection against NO-mediated neurotoxicity.	2.44	2	0
19-hydroxycholesterol 19-hydroxycholesterol: structure given in first source	3.1	1	0	cholestanoid
dirithromycin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	macrolide antibiotic	prodrug
beta-escin Escin: Pentacyclic triterpene saponins, biosynthesized from protoaescigenin and barringtogenol, occurring in the seeds of AESCULUS. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular fragility.	4.15	5	0	triterpenoid saponin
nifuroxime 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde oxime: structure in first source	2.05	1	0
azlocillin Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.	2.44	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist	2.07	1	0
gw 1929 GW 1929: activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; structure in first source	2.44	2	0	benzophenones
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	2.4	2	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
beta-escin [no description available]	2.86	4	0
borneol [no description available]	3.1	1	0	borneol
fluphenazine [no description available]	2.13	1	0
homochlorocyclizine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
butoxamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
scopolamine hydrobromide scopolamine hydrobromide (anhydrous) : A hydrobromide that is obtained by reaction of scopolamine with hydrogen bromide.	2.13	1	0
protriptyline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant
emetine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0
n(4)-chloroacetylcytosine arabinoside [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-(3-(cyclohexylidene-(1h-imidazol-4-ylmethyl))phenyl)ethanesulfonamide [no description available]	2.44	2	0
n-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide N-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)phthalimide: has anticonvulsant activity; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cb 34 CB 34: ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors; structure in first source	2.03	1	0
b 43 RK-24466 : A member of the class of pyrrolopyrimidines that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted by amino, 4-phenoxyphenyl, and cyclopentyl groups at positions 4, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of Lck that inhibits Lck (64-509) and LckCD isoforms (IC50 of less than 1 and 2 nM, respectively).	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; cyclopentanes; primary amino compound; pyrrolopyrimidine	EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
(8R)-7-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
(8R)-7-propyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-2,13,14-triol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aporphine alkaloid
3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane 3-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
2-(3,3-diphenylpropylamino)acetamide [no description available]	2.44	2	0	diarylmethane
4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide 4-(2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio)-2,6-difluorophenoxyacetamide: structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
gw2974 GW2974: quinazoline derivative, which is able to block the activation of both the EGFR and erbB2	2.03	1	0	pyridopyrimidine
l 162313 L 162313: a biphenylimidazole derivative; a non-peptide angiotensin agonist; no further information available 2/95	2.44	2	0
l-165041 4-(3-(2-propyl-3-hydroxy-4-acetyl)phenoxy)propyloxyphenoxy acetic acid: a PPAR-delta agonist has regulatory effects on a variety of adipokines, and these effects might explain some of their metabolic function.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ketone
mrs 1754 [no description available]	2.03	1	0	oxopurine
s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.	2.03	1	0	nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
pd 404182 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
5-(4-phenylbutoxy)psoralen 5-(4-phenylbutoxy)psoralen: structure in first source. psora 4 : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a 4-phenylbutoxy group at position 5. It is a potent inhibitor of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 (EC50 = 3 nM).	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; benzenes; psoralens	geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; potassium channel blocker
sb 222200 [no description available]	2.44	2	0	quinolines
dantrolene sodium dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.	3.15	5	0
cr 2945 CR 2945: a member of non-peptide CCKB receptor antagonist	2.44	2	0
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	5.31	18	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
ici 215001 ICI 215001: active metabolite of ICI D7114; no other info avail 9/92	1.98	1	0	monocarboxylic acid
sb 218795 SB 218795: structure in first source	2.44	2	0	quinolines
dihydroceramide N-acetylsphinganine : A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide acyl group is specified as acetyl.	2.03	1	0	N-acylsphinganine
nifurtimox Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.	2.72	3	0	nitrofuran antibiotic
epinephrine bitartrate [no description available]	2.75	3	0
bicuculline methobromide [no description available]	2.75	3	0
6 beta-hydroxycortisol 6 beta-hydroxycortisol: RN given refers to the (6beta,11beta)-isomer; see also record for 6 alpha-hydrocortisol. 6beta-hydroxycortisol : A C21-steroid that is cortisol bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6beta-position. In humans, it is produced as a metabolite of cortisol by cytochrome p450-3A4 (CYP3A4, an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds) and can be used to detect moderate and potent CYP3A4 inhibition in vivo.	3.78	3	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; 6beta-hydroxy steroid; C21-steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mammalian metabolite; probe
butylscopolammonium bromide Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.	3.1	5	0
androst-16-en-3-one androst-16-en-3-one: boar taint steroid; RN given refers to (5alpha)-isomer. 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one : An androstanoid that is 5alpha-androst-16-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It is a steroid pheromone found in high concentrations in the saliva of male pigs,.	2.13	1	0	3-oxo steroid; androstanoid	mammalian metabolite; pheromone
butaclamol hydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
dihydroouabain [no description available]	2.13	1	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; radiosensitizing agent
LSM-6455 [no description available]	2.13	1	0	peptide ergot alkaloid
estradiol 17-acetate [no description available]	2.13	1	0	steroid ester
morphinans Morphinans: Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS.	3.2	6	0	isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent; morphinane alkaloid
ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.	1.94	1	0	diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
dantrolene [no description available]	2.07	1	0
roxithromycin (E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.	2.46	2	0	roxithromycin	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
a 38503 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt [no description available]	2.05	1	0
tomoxiprole [no description available]	1.96	1	0
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
sk&f 89976-a [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cv 1808 2-phenylaminoadenosine: has coronary & cardiohemodynamic effects	2.44	2	0	purine nucleoside
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.05	1	0
artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether	2.05	1	0	artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer
beraprost beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.	2.05	1	0	enyne; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; secondary allylic alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent
lanreotide [no description available]	2.05	1	0
lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension	2.05	1	0	diarylmethane
acetylcarnitine O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.	2.05	1	0	O-acetylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
(3aR,6aR)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[oxo(2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-3a,6a-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-4,6-dione [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrrolidines
phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group.	2.35	2	0	phosphagen; phosphoamino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	2.13	1	0	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
fluvoxamine maleate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
chlorproguanil chlorproguanil: dichloro-derivative of chloroguanide; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene
nifurtoinol nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.	2.05	1	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
selamectin [no description available]	3.1	1	0	milbemycin
naloxone benzoylhydrazone [no description available]	2.44	2	0
fosinopril [no description available]	2.05	1	0
2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by reaction of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo. Reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in the inflamed rat hind paw.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	anxiolytic drug; metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
amiprilose [no description available]	2.03	1	0
(R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride (R)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (R)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
ro 8-4304 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
eflucimibe eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor	2.05	1	0
sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.	2.07	1	0	oligopeptide
etomoxir [no description available]	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether
solufenum solufenum: water-soluble salt of ibuprofen; structure in fourth source	3.75	2	1
ursodoxicoltaurine tauroursodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of tauroursodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. tauroursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.	2.05	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent
pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	2.39	2	0	organic molecular entity
desmethylselegiline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
3-morpholino-sydnonimine monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.75	3	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	3.37	7	0	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
t 1032 T 1032: a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
molindone hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0	indoles
qx-314 bromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
(S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride (S)-fluoxetine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of (S)-fluoxetine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sr 59230a 3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-ylamino)-2-propanol oxalate: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
u 74389g [no description available]	2.44	2	0
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	2.75	3	0
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
y 27632, dihydrochloride, (4(r)-trans)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
n-acetylcarnosine N-acetylcarnosine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure given in first source. N-acetylcarnosine : A dipeptide that is the N-acetyl derivative of carnosine.	1.96	1	0	dipeptide	metabolite
n1-phenyl-3,5-dinitro-n4,n4-di-n-propylsulfanilamide N1-phenyl-3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-di-n-propylsulfanilamide: a potent, selective antimitotic agent against kinetoplastid parasites; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
norcodeine norcodeine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer. norcodeine : A morphinane-like compound that is the N-demethylated derivative of codeine.	3.1	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
sb 203186 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
noscapine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
a 77636 (1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained by mixing equimolar amounts of (1R,3S)-3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroisochromene-5,6-diol with hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist (pEC50 values are 8.97 and < 5 for D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Displays anti-Parkinsonian activity following oral administration in vivo.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
4-hydroxyestrone 4-hydroxyestrone : A 4-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.	3.1	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; 4-hydroxy steroid; catechols; phenolic steroid	carcinogenic agent; estrogen; human urinary metabolite
5-hydroxyrofecoxib 5-hydroxyrofecoxib: structure in first source	3.12	1	0
cgp 20712a CGP 20712A: structure given in first source; CGP 26505, a beta1-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, is the (S)-isomer of CGP 20712A	2.44	2	0
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate bismuth tripotassium dicitrate: contains tripotassium di-citratobismuthate used in gastric & duodenal ulcer therapy; do not confuse with colloidal bismuth subnitrate	1.98	1	0
pazopanib pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.	2.41	1	0	aminopyrimidine; indazoles; sulfonamide	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
azd 6244 AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor	2.05	1	0	benzimidazoles; bromobenzenes; hydroxamic acid ester; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
levodopa methyl ester hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
benalfocin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
artenimol artenimol: derivative of antimalarial drug artemisinin (quinghaosu)	2.05	1	0
4-phenoxyphenoxyethyl thiocyanate 4-phenoxyphenoxyethyl thiocyanate: has antiparasitic activity; structure in first source	2.05	1	0
11 beta-hydroxyandrosterone 11 beta-hydroxyandrosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha,11beta)-isomer; structure	3.1	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
lu 19005 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
6-hydroxybenzbromarone 6-hydroxybenzbromarone: metabolite M2 of benzbromarone	2.06	1	0
ko 143 [no description available]	2.07	1	0	beta-carbolines; tert-butyl ester
eledoisin Eledoisin: A peptide extracted from the posterior salivary glands of certain small octopi (Eledone spp., Mollusca), or obtained by synthesis. Its actions resemble those of SUBSTANCE P; it is a potent vasodilator and increases capillary permeability. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1364)	2.34	2	0	peptide
2-hydroxyestriol 2-hydroxyestriol: structure	3.1	1	0
benoxathian hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
((2-n-butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-oxo-1h-inden-5-yl)oxy)acetic acid, (+)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
n-cyclopropyl adenosine-5'-carboxamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0
homatropine methylbromide homatropine methylbromide: RN given refers to bromide (endo-(+-))-isomer	2.07	1	0
2'-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde 2'-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde: induces apoptosis in cancer cells; possible antineoplastic agent	2.02	1	0
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	1.97	1	0
vinflunine vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.	2.05	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent
cefotaxime sodium [no description available]	2.47	2	0	organic sodium salt
baci-im [no description available]	2.75	3	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide; zwitterion	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent
calpain inhibitor iii calpain inhibitor III: potential anticataract drug	2.44	2	0
nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.	2.87	4	0	nystatins
GR 127935 hydrochloride GR 127935 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of GR 127935 with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Potent and selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (pKi values are 8.5 for both guinea pig 5-HT1D and rat 5-HT1B receptors). Displays > 100-fold selectivity over 5HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors and other receptor types. Centrally active following oral administration.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	serotonergic antagonist
pyrazolone pyrazolone: non-steroid antirheumatic agent. pyrazolone : A member of the class of pyrazoles in which one of the carbons of the pyrazole ring is substituted by an oxo group.	8.65	10	0
mrs 1845 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
cytidine diphosphate choline [no description available]	2.46	2	0	nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s; phosphocholines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
14-deoxyandrographolide 14-deoxyandrographolide: from Andrographis paniculata; structure in first source	2.01	1	0
ilicic acid ilicic acid: from Inula viscosa; structure in first source	2	1	0	eudesmane sesquiterpenoid
boldenone undecylenate [no description available]	1.96	1	0
diflucortolone Diflucortolone: A topical glucocorticoid used in various DERMATOSES. It is absorbed through the skin, bound to plasma albumin, and may cause adrenal suppression. It is also administered as the valerate.	2.05	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
alaproclate hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ubenimex [no description available]	2.44	2	0	peptide
3-chloroalanine hydrochloride, (l-ala)-isomer [no description available]	2.03	1	0
dsp 4 hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	4.33	6	0	benzoxazole
(2-(2',6'-dimethoxy)phenoxyethylamino)methylbenzodioxan hydrochloride N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride. An alpha1A-adrenergic selective antagonist.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
2-cyclooctyl-2-hydroxyethylamine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
cirazoline monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
adtn [no description available]	2.44	2	0
apocodeine hydrochloride, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
2-hydroxyapomorphine, (r)-isomer [no description available]	2.05	1	0
Dihydro-beta-erythroidine hydrobromide [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indoles
lilly 78335 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
efaroxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
fenoldopam hydrobromide [no description available]	2.44	2	0
1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of 1-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine with two equivalents of hydrogen chloride. Potent and selective inhibitor of dopamine uptake (KD = 5.5 nM in rat striatal membranes).	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	dopamine uptake inhibitor
guvacine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
7-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide [no description available]	2.44	2	0
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide, (r)-isomer, [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
1-(2-(4-(4-fluoro-benzoyl)-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-indol-2-one LY-310762 hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reation of equimolar amount of LY-310762 with hydrogen chloride. A potent and selective antagonist for the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D (5-HT1D) receptor.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	receptor modulator; serotonergic antagonist
4-iodoclonidine [no description available]	2.44	2	0
dextrothyroxine [no description available]	2.01	1	0
4-methylpyrazole monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
tele-methylhistamine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
alpha-methyltyrosine methyl ester, monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
octoclothepine maleate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
2-(n-phenethyl-n-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
du 24565 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
2-methoxyidazoxan hydrochloride [no description available]	2.44	2	0
N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide : A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (Ki values are 1.18, 7.56, 920 and 399 nM for rat D1, D5, D2 and D3 receptors respectively). May act as an antagonist in vivo, producing anti-Parkinsonian effects and antagonising the behavioral effects of cocaine.	2.05	1	0	hydrobromide	dopamine agonist; prodrug
ro 25-6981 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
sk&f 77434 N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrobromide : A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Selective dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (IC50 values are 19.7 and 2425 nM for binding to D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo.	2.44	2	0	hydrobromide	dopamine agonist; prodrug
3-[(6aR,9R,10aR)-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-yl]-1,1-diethylurea [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
indocyanine green Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.	1.94	1	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	3.34	7	0
pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).	2.85	4	0
podophyllin Podophyllin: Caustic extract from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum and P. emodi. It contains PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and its congeners and is very irritating to mucous membranes and skin. Podophyllin is a violent purgative that may cause CNS damage and teratogenesis. It is used as a paint for warts, skin neoplasms, and senile keratoses.	2.64	3	0
aminopyrine, dexamethasone, phenylbutazone, thiamine, vitamin b12 drug combination aminopyrine, dexamethasone, phenylbutazone, thiamine, vitamin B12 drug combination: 2 vial sets containing dexamethasone, phenylbutazone, vitamin B 12, aminopyrine & thiamine; also available in suppositories & tablets; used for treatment of rheumatism	3.23	6	0
pf 03491390 [no description available]	2.05	1	0
demethylcantharidin demethylcantharidin: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	2.44	2	0
atropine sulfate [no description available]	2.44	2	0
dihydrotachysterol Dihydrotachysterol: A VITAMIN D that can be regarded as a reduction product of vitamin D2.. dihydrotachysterol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is 9,10-secoergosta-5,7,22-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. A synthetic analogue of vitamin D that acts a bone density conservation agent.	6.93	1	0
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	4.47	24	0
1-deoxynojirimycin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0
cromolyn sodium [no description available]	1.95	1	0
deoxoartemisinin deoxoartemisinin: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0
win 62577 [no description available]	2.44	2	0
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	3.44	8	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.16	5	0
morphine sulfate [no description available]	1.95	1	0	alkaloid sulfate salt
clindamycin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0	S-glycosyl compound
calcitonin [no description available]	1.95	1	0
tannins gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).	2.05	1	0	tannin
gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.	2.35	2	0
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	4.47	4	0	peptide hormone
tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.	3.04	1	0
N-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-pyrazolyl]methyl]-2-(2-pyridinyl)ethanamine [no description available]	2.13	1	0	pyrazoles; ring assembly
ristocetin Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia.	2.35	2	0	glycopeptide; heterodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; tetrasaccharide derivative	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; platelet-activating factor receptor agonist
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.88	4	0	glycoside
quinine sulfate [no description available]	2.96	4	0	hydrate
quercetin [no description available]	2.44	2	0
ceftiofur ceftiofur: structure in first source	1.98	1	0
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	1.94	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
atractyloside Atractyloside: A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.	1.96	1	0
rv 538, (r-(r,r))-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (1s-cis)-isomer [no description available]	2.44	2	0
phenylmercuric acetate Phenylmercuric Acetate: A phenyl mercury compound used mainly as a fungicide. Has also been used as a herbicide, slimicide, and bacteriocide.	1.97	1	0	arylmercury compound; benzenes
4-aminophenylmercuriacetate 4-aminophenylmercuriacetate: covalently linked to agarose for purification of FAD & COA with chromatography	1.97	1	0
thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.	1.97	1	0	alkylmercury compound	antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen
sodium salicylate [no description available]	9.35	117	1	organic molecular entity
valproate sodium Epilim: oral sodium valproate used as antidepressive agent. sodium valproate : The sodium salt of valproic acid.. valproate : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valproic acid.	2.45	2	0	organic sodium salt	geroprotector
ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.	1.97	1	0
cefotiam hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.	2.05	1	0	organosulfonic acid
potassium aminobenzoate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
u 63557a [no description available]	2.03	1	0
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	3.46	8	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
ampicillin sodium [no description available]	2.49	2	0	organic sodium salt
cerivastatin sodium cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt; statin (synthetic)
penicillin g potassium benzylpenicillin potassium : Organic potassium salt of benzylpenicillin.	2.13	1	0	organic potassium salt
ahr 5850 sodium (2-amino-3-benzoylphenyl)acetate : An organic sodium salt having amfenac(1-) as the counterion.	1.95	1	0	organic sodium salt	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
taurocholic acid, monosodium salt [no description available]	2.44	2	0	bile salt
cefmetazole sodium cefmetazole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefmetazole.	2.03	1	0	organic sodium salt	antimicrobial agent
piperacillin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt
monensin [no description available]	2.05	1	0
cefoxitin sodium [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic molecular entity
methicillin sodium [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic sodium salt
nafcillin sodium [no description available]	2.77	3	0	organic sodium salt
oxacillin sodium [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic sodium salt
penicillin g sodium [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic sodium salt
cefamandole nafate cefamandole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefamandole.	2.77	3	0	organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug
sodium diatrizoate histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	2.49	2	0	organic sodium salt; organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
fusidate sodium [no description available]	2.44	2	0
estrone sulfate, potassium salt [no description available]	2.13	1	0
cephapirin sodium cephapirin sodium : The sodium salt of cephapirin. A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, it is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Being more resistant to beta-lactamases than penicillins, it is effective agains most staphylococci, though not methicillin-resistant staphylococci.	2.74	3	0	cephalosporin; organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug
sodium cephalothin [no description available]	2.74	3	0	organic sodium salt
cefazolin sodium cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.	2.75	3	0	organic sodium salt
dicloxacillin sodium [no description available]	2.46	2	0	hydrate
5-hydroxydecanoic acid, monosodium salt [no description available]	2.03	1	0
ro13-9904 Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.	2.4	2	0
phenytoin sodium [no description available]	2.03	1	0
naproxen sodium naproxen sodium : An organic sodium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of naproxen(1-) anions and sodium anions.	2.13	1	0	organic sodium salt	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cr 1409 lorglumide sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-lorglumide sodium.	2.03	1	0
azlocillin sodium [no description available]	2.46	2	0	organic sodium salt
sodium ethylxanthate Sex: The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism.	2.34	2	0
cortisol succinate, sodium salt hydrocortisone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11beta)-isomer; Synonyms Solu-Cortef & sopolcort H refer to Na salt	2.7	3	0	organic molecular entity
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	3.04	5	0
trelstar Triptorelin Pamoate: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitution at residue 6.	2.11	1	0
deslorelin deslorelin: Ovuplant is tradename for a short-term-release implant containing deslorelin acetate; RN given refers to D-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/90	2.11	1	0	oligopeptide
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	6.04	9	1
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	1.97	1	0
colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	1.94	1	0
tilmicosin tilmicosin: semi-synthetic antibiotic. tilmicosin : A macrolide antibiotic with formula C46H80N2O13. It is used for the treatment of respiratory disease in cattle at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica.	6.99	1	0
tylosin [no description available]	1.99	1	0
fosinopril Fosinopril: A phosphinic acid-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of hypertension. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite fosinoprilat.. fosinopril : A phosphinate ester-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. A pro-drug, it is hydrolysed in vivo to the corresponding phosphininc acid, fosinoprilat, which is the active metabolite.	2.17	1	0
methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.	2.35	2	0
butyrolactone i butyrolactone I: selective inhibitor of cdk2 & cdc2 kinase; structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	butenolide
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	4.94	7	0
chondroitin Chondroitin: A mucopolysaccharide constituent of chondrin. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.86	4	0
heparitin sulfate Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.	1.95	1	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	8.39	41	3	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	10.64	10	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	14.12	49	1
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	3.05	5	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	3.83	12	0
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	2.96	4	0
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	15.95	357	4	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.	13.1	44	0	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam [no description available]	7.31	36	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
5'-hydroxypiroxicam 5'-hydroxypiroxicam: metabolite of pyroxicam; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	benzothiazine
acenocoumarol Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.	3.84	12	0	C-nitro compound; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
lfm a13 LFM-A13 : An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the amino group of 2,5-dibromoaniline. It is a dual-function inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Polo-like kinases (PLK) that exhibits anticancer properties.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amide; dibromobenzene; enamide; enol; nitrile; secondary carboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.21 (polo kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; platelet aggregation inhibitor
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.	6.41	12	1	1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.	3.43	7	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.	3.4	7	0	benzothiazine; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antirheumatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	11.2	165	1	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	1.95	1	0
phenprocoumon Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.	5.07	10	1	hydroxycoumarin	anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
6-hydroxywarfarin 6-hydroxywarfarin: metabolite of (R)-warfarin; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.95	1	0
tipranavir tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.	2.07	1	0	sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
chlortetracycline hydrochloride Alexomycin: a thiopeptide; a cyclic peptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces arginensis isolated from the soil	2.46	2	0
l 701324 L 701324: a glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist	2.03	1	0	quinolines
4-hydroxycoumarin 2-hydroxychromone: structure	3.1	1	0	hydroxycoumarin
rolitetracycline Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.	2.46	2	0
sudoxicam sudoxicam: proposed ant-inflammatory agent; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZINES (75-86)	2.05	1	0
methacycline monohydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
ethyl biscoumacetate Ethyl Biscoumacetate: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. It has actions similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p226)	4.75	10	0	hydroxycoumarin
hispidin hispidin: metabolite of Basidiomycete Polyporus hispidus. hispidin : Fungal metabolite first found in basidiomycete Inonotus hispidus (formerly Polyporus hispidus).	2.44	2	0	2-pyranones; catechols	antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; fungal metabolite
minocycline hydrochloride [no description available]	2.96	4	0
demeclocycline hydrochloride demeclocycline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of demeclocycline. A tetracycline antibiotic, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	3.16	5	0
sancycline sancycline: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	0
lornoxicam lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.	2.52	2	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products.	5.52	23	0	aluminosilicate mineral; mixture	antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient
ajmaline [no description available]	2.43	2	0
agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.	2.64	3	0
hirudin Hirudin: A 65-residue polypeptide from LEECHES.	1.95	1	0
oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).	2.35	2	0
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	3.21	6	0
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	6.95	1	0	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
hyaluronoglucosaminidase Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS.	4.34	21	0
flexibilide flexibilide: cembranoid lactone; structure in first source & in UD 32;123h	1.95	1	0
diospyros Diospyros: A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood.	2.01	1	0
carboxyatractyloside carboxyatractyloside: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.96	1	0
vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.	8.47	34	4
aconitine Aconitine: A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.. aconitine : A diterpenoid that is 20-ethyl-3alpha,13,15alpha-trihydroxy-1alpha,6alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-8,14alpha-diol having acetate and benzoate groups at the 8- and 14-positions respectively.	1.97	1	0
norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis.	1.95	1	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	1.98	1	0
phenylbutazone, propyphenazone drug combination phenylbutazone, propyphenazone drug combination: RN given refers to combination of aminopyrine and phenylbutazone	8.11	137	2
thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.	2.86	4	0
muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	3.65	10	0
chondroitin sulfates Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.	2.64	3	0
exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)	2.37	2	0
entecavir entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	2.98	4	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	2.35	2	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sepiapterin sepiapterin: A substrate of sepiapterin reductase	2.03	1	0	sepiapterin
guanine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
inosine [no description available]	2.49	2	0	inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	4.45	7	0	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
isoxanthopterin [no description available]	2.03	1	0	dihydroxypteridine
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	6.72	20	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	5.59	13	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.97	4	0	dacarbazine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	2.97	4	0	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir [no description available]	2.76	3	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug
valacyclovir Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.	2.07	1	0	L-valyl ester	antiviral drug
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	2.47	2	0	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	4.05	4	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.	2.05	1	0	2-aminopurines; propane-1,3-diols	antiviral drug
oxypurinol Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.	2.4	2	0	pyrazolopyrimidine	drug metabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
zaprinast zaprinast: anaphylaxis inhibitor; structure	2.44	2	0	triazolopyrimidines
raltitrexed [no description available]	2.05	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
kf38789 KF38789: a non-carbohydrate low MW cpd that Inhibits P-selectin specific cell adhesion; structure in first source	2.13	1	0
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	10.45	84	1	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
azaguanine Azaguanine: One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.. 8-azaguanine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively.	1.94	1	0	nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor
citrovorum factor [no description available]	2.46	2	0	tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.	2.05	1	0	formyltetrahydrofolic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
thiolactomycin thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source	2.45	2	0
2,4-diaminohypoxanthine 2,4-diaminohypoxanthine: do not confuse abbreviation DAHP with various dehydro-deoxy-arabino-heptulosonic acid phosphates which also use DAHP; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.03	1	0	hydroxypyrimidine
alanosine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamidoxime 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamidoxime: structure given in first source	2.05	1	0	benzenetriol
norclozapine norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.	3.1	1	0	dibenzodiazepine; organochlorine compound; piperazines	delta-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
pralidoxime iodide pralidoxime iodide : An organic iodide salt that has pralidoxime as the cation.	2.13	1	0	organic iodide salt; pyridinium salt	cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
tirapazamine Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.	2.05	1	0	aromatic amine; benzotriazines; N-oxide	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer
rifabutin [no description available]	2.75	3	0
quazinone [no description available]	2.03	1	0
8-bromocyclic gmp, sodium salt sodium 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : An organic sodium salt having 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate as the counterion. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro.	2.44	2	0	organic sodium salt	muscle relaxant; protein kinase G agonist
ag-879 AG-879: structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).	1.95	1	0
pralidoxime chloride [no description available]	2.13	1	0	organic chloride salt; pyridinium salt	cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
dibutyryl cyclic gmp Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP: N-(1-Oxobutyl)-cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)-2'-butanoate guanosine. A derivative of cyclic GMP. It has a higher resistance to extracellular and intracellular phosphodiesterase than cyclic GMP.	1.95	1	0
cholestyramine resin Cholestyramine Resin: A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium Cl(-) anion.	5.95	9	0
eye [no description available]	4.64	9	0
potassium magnesium aspartate Potassium Magnesium Aspartate: An intra-extracellular electrolyte exchange agent with a variety of effects.	1.96	1	0
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	2.36	2	0
phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.	2.63	3	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	0	6.19	54	0
Anasarca [description not available]	0	12.5	347	5
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	0	12.5	347	5
Arthus Phenomenon [description not available]	0	3.33	7	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	12.92	242	12
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	12.92	242	12
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.	0	2.36	2	0
Gastric Ulcer [description not available]	0	12.59	180	5
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	12.59	180	5
Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.	0	9.08	16	0
Polyarthritis [description not available]	0	15.31	448	15
Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	0	15.31	448	15
Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.	0	7.48	50	1
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available]	0	17.89	574	91
Muscle Spasm [description not available]	0	3.65	10	0
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	0	17.89	574	91
Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	3.65	10	0
Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.	0	4.99	41	0
Granulomas [description not available]	0	12.34	109	0
Ache [description not available]	0	15.19	130	31
Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.	0	7.34	109	0
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	0	15.19	130	31
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	8.27	68	1
Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.	0	1.99	1	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	11.39	67	12
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	11.39	67	12
Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin.	0	10.4	8	2
Bilirubinemia [description not available]	0	4.57	10	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	0	8.22	37	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	0	8.22	37	1
Canine Diseases [description not available]	0	6.35	18	0
Equine Diseases [description not available]	0	12.81	135	21
Tick Infestations Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.	0	3.3	2	0
Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	0	5.16	6	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	3.51	8	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	7.28	58	2
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	8.28	58	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	8.28	58	0
Parasite Infections [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	0	2.06	1	0
Encephalitis, Polio [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)	0	2.06	1	0
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	7.53	45	0
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	7.53	45	0
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	0	2.1	1	0
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	0	2.13	1	0
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	0	2.38	2	0
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	9.04	15	0
Itching [description not available]	0	3.58	3	0
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	0	4.04	15	0
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	0	3.58	3	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	0	2.25	1	0
Gastric Diseases [description not available]	0	9.18	24	4
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	2.69	3	0
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	0	4.44	5	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	2.69	3	0
Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy [description not available]	0	2.58	2	0
Myotonic Dystrophy Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies. Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.	0	7.58	2	0
Gait Disorders, Animal [description not available]	0	8.14	26	11
Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available]	0	3.46	8	0
Pain, Chronic [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Chronic Pain Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain.	0	7.31	1	0
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	4.8	13	0
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	0	4.37	8	0
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	0	4.8	13	0
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	0	9.9	41	11
Rheumatism [description not available]	0	14.75	331	26
Rheumatic Diseases Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement.	1	16.75	331	26
Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	4.29	4	1
Extravasation of Contrast Media [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	0	4.29	4	1
Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.	0	3.97	5	0
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	0	9.11	55	1
Day Blindness [description not available]	0	4.04	3	1
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	0	9.72	7	1
Plica Syndrome [description not available]	0	7.78	26	3
Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.	0	7.78	26	3
Orthopedic Disorders [description not available]	0	3.05	5	0
Musculoskeletal Diseases Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively.	0	8.05	5	0
Fractures, Comminuted A fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed into a number of pieces.	0	2.44	2	0
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	0	9.42	39	5
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	0	9.42	39	5
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	0	15.4	99	1
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	0	2.41	2	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Foot Diseases Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot.	0	6.62	20	3
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.2	6	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	0	2.68	3	0
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.85	39	0
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.	0	5.85	39	0
Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available]	0	4.37	8	0
Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.	0	4.37	8	0
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available]	0	13.42	132	33
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.	0	13.42	132	33
Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.	0	9.95	9	0
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	0	9.78	56	5
Eosinophilia, Tropical [description not available]	0	3.07	5	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	0	4.55	26	0
Eosinophilia Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.	0	3.07	5	0
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	0	4.55	26	0
Athletic Injuries Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.	0	3.34	7	0
Fasciitis, Necrotizing A fulminating bacterial infection of the deep layers of the skin and FASCIA. It can be caused by many different organisms, with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES being the most common.	0	2.05	1	0
Acute Post-operative Pain [description not available]	0	6.31	8	2
Pain, Postoperative Pain during the period after surgery.	0	6.31	8	2
Splenic Diseases Diseases involving the SPLEEN.	0	3.76	2	1
Joint Pain [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Arthralgia Pain in the joint.	1	4.05	1	0
Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine.	0	8.45	8	0
Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.	0	7.39	2	0
Muscle Disorders [description not available]	0	6.85	26	3
Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	6.85	26	3
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Minimal Disease, Residual [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Lymph Node Metastasis [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Parotiditis [description not available]	0	4.27	4	0
Adenitis, Salivary Gland [description not available]	0	4.86	8	0
Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available]	0	3.65	10	0
Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.	0	8.65	10	0
Genetic Predisposition [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Hospital-Acquired Condition [description not available]	0	5.11	18	0
Bleeding [description not available]	0	7.83	44	1
Phlegmasia Alba Dolens Inflammation that is characterized by swollen, pale, and painful limb. It is usually caused by DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS in a FEMORAL VEIN, following PARTURITION or an illness. This condition is also called milk leg or white leg.	0	10.81	127	9
Low Back Ache [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Hematoma A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.	0	2.87	4	0
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	0	7.83	44	1
Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS).	0	10.81	127	9
Low Back Pain Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.	0	3.04	5	0
Pyrexia [description not available]	0	7.56	54	1
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	0	7.56	54	1
Colicky Pain [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.	0	2.01	1	0
Deficiency Disease, Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase [description not available]	0	4.09	3	0
Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE, transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)	0	4.09	3	0
Hyperammonemia Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.	0	4.09	3	0
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	5.77	22	0
Pleurisy INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.	0	4.62	28	0
Cardiac Death [description not available]	0	2.33	2	0
Agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).	0	7.63	84	0
Acute Rheumatic Fever [description not available]	0	9.1	66	2
Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available]	0	4.87	14	0
Ankylosing Spondylarthritis [description not available]	0	19.39	149	28
Gout Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.	0	13.59	227	11
Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.	0	4.87	14	0
Spondylitis, Ankylosing A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.	0	14.39	149	28
Tenosynovitis Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced.	0	3.64	10	0
Mouth Ulcer [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Oral Ulcer A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)	0	1.93	1	0
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	0	6.91	17	1
Spondylitis Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.	0	7.46	49	1
Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available]	0	10.08	118	1
Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	10.08	118	1
Peptic Ulcer Perforation Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the PERITONEAL CAVITY.	0	4.72	12	0
Grippe [description not available]	0	5.15	19	0
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	0	5.15	19	0
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	6.73	23	1
Allergic Reaction [description not available]	0	6.23	20	0
Diseases of Immune System [description not available]	0	4.56	10	0
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	0	6.73	23	1
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	0	6.23	20	0
Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.	0	4.56	10	0
Disease A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.	0	9.7	31	0
Dermatitis Exfoliativa [description not available]	0	4.11	6	0
Dermatitis, Exfoliative The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.11	6	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	0	5.89	25	0
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	0	5.89	25	0
Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.	0	6.25	26	0
Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.	0	6.25	26	0
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	0	8.46	8	0
Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.	0	10.8	75	5
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.	0	10.8	75	5
Vascular Injuries [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available]	0	8.01	38	1
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.	0	8.01	38	1
Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	8.16	30	4
Angioneurotic Edema [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Hives [description not available]	0	5.34	5	1
Angioedema Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.	0	2.86	4	0
Urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.	0	10.34	5	1
Erythema Nodosum An erythematous eruption commonly associated with drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without scarring or atrophy.	0	3.73	11	0
B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Dermatoses [description not available]	0	11.88	27	1
Erythema Multiforme A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.	0	3.95	14	0
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	0	6.88	27	1
Gouty Arthritis [description not available]	0	3.64	10	0
Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.	0	3.64	10	0
Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	5.5	6	1
Petechiae Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage.	0	5.4	15	0
Thrombopenia [description not available]	0	6.29	27	0
Purpura, Thrombopenic [description not available]	0	4.72	12	0
Purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is	0	5.4	15	0
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms.	0	4.72	12	0
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	0	6.29	27	0
Arthropathies [description not available]	0	16.07	99	15
Joint Diseases Diseases involving the JOINTS.	0	11.07	99	15
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available]	0	5.49	27	0
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.	0	5.49	27	0
Essential Polyarteritis [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Ankylosis Fixation and immobility of a joint.	0	3.64	10	0
Periphlebitis Periphlebitis is inflammation of the outer coat of a vein or of tissues surrounding the vein.	0	6.28	21	2
Phlebitis Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (THROMBOPHLEBITIS).	0	11.28	21	2
Female Genital Diseases [description not available]	0	6.44	17	3
Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	6.44	17	3
Bone Diseases Diseases of BONES.	0	5.26	21	0
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	8.73	33	1
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	0	13.73	33	1
Icterus [description not available]	0	10.77	22	1
Jaundice A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction.	0	5.77	22	1
Palsy [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Paralysis A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)	0	8.04	5	0
Koch's Disease [description not available]	0	5.32	58	0
Bone Tuberculosis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	0	5.32	58	0
Hepatitis, Infectious [description not available]	0	3.32	7	0
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	0	6.59	20	1
Hepatitis A INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.	0	3.32	7	0
Disc, Herniated [description not available]	0	5.46	16	1
Neuralgia, Sciatic [description not available]	0	6.45	25	2
Intervertebral Disc Displacement An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.	0	5.46	16	1
Sciatica A condition characterized by pain radiating from the back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg. Sciatica may be a manifestation of SCIATIC NEUROPATHY; RADICULOPATHY (involving the SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; L4, L5, S1, or S2, often associated with INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT); or lesions of the CAUDA EQUINA.	0	6.45	25	2
Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.	0	6.13	32	0
Central Diabetes Insipidus [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Diabetes Insipidus A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.	0	8.03	5	0
Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).	0	2.85	4	0
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	5.57	29	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	0	5.57	29	0
Carditis [description not available]	0	4.73	12	0
Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.	0	4.73	12	0
Blood Clot [description not available]	0	7.03	58	0
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.	0	7.03	58	0
Adnexitis Inflammation of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including infection of the FALLOPIAN TUBES (SALPINGITIS), the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), or the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS).	0	5.85	24	1
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.	0	5.85	24	1
Bouillaud Disease [description not available]	0	4.13	17	0
Rheumatic Heart Disease Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.	0	4.13	17	0
Goiter Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).	0	4.87	14	0
Drooling [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Asialia [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Sialorrhea Increased salivary flow.	0	1.93	1	0
Xerostomia Decreased salivary flow.	0	2.34	2	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Anorectal Diseases [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	0	2.34	2	0
Proctitis INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	4.1	6	0
Rectal Diseases Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	2.34	2	0
Alcohol Abuse [description not available]	0	6.1	7	1
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	0	5.53	17	0
Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)	0	6.1	7	1
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	0	5.53	17	0
Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	4.12	6	0
Arthritides, Bacterial [description not available]	0	5.63	19	0
Brucella Infection [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Enteric Fever [description not available]	0	5.1	18	0
Brucellosis Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.	0	8.19	6	0
Typhoid Fever An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.	0	5.1	18	0
Musculoskeletal Pain Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS, tendons, and bones.	0	1.93	1	0
Hyperthyroid [description not available]	0	8.19	6	0
Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.	0	3.19	6	0
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	0	5	16	0
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	0	10	16	0
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	0	7.44	27	2
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	0	7.44	27	2
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	0	5.12	11	1
Infective Endocarditis [description not available]	0	4.24	7	0
Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available]	0	3.25	2	0
Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.	0	4.24	7	0
Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.	0	3.25	2	0
Diseases, Peripheral Vascular [description not available]	0	2.62	3	0
Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART.	0	7.62	3	0
ENT Diseases [description not available]	0	5.95	10	3
Infectious Diseases [description not available]	0	3.44	8	0
Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.	0	3.44	8	0
Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.	0	7.58	19	2
Shingles [description not available]	0	3.44	8	0
Herpes Zoster An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	3.44	8	0
Brill Disease [description not available]	0	2.33	2	0
Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne The classic form of typhus, caused by RICKETTSIA PROWAZEKII, which is transmitted from man to man by the louse Pediculus humanus corporis. This disease is characterized by the sudden onset of intense headache, malaise, and generalized myalgia followed by the formation of a macular skin eruption and vascular and neurologic disturbances.	0	2.33	2	0
Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.	0	2.62	3	0
Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.	0	3.96	14	0
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	0	6.29	38	1
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	0	6.29	38	1
Collagen Diseases Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)	0	4.13	17	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	0	4.35	8	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	0	3.73	11	0
Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.	0	3.32	7	0
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	0	4.35	8	0
Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available]	0	3.32	7	0
Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals.	0	3.32	7	0
Urinary Tract Diseases [description not available]	0	4.24	7	0
Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.	0	9.94	15	0
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Cervical Spondylosis [description not available]	0	2.84	4	0
Aperture Syndrome, Thoracic Outlet [description not available]	0	2.84	4	0
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	0	3.19	6	0
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome A neurovascular syndrome associated with compression of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the superior thoracic outlet. This may result from a variety of anomalies such as a CERVICAL RIB, anomalous fascial bands, and abnormalities of the origin or insertion of the anterior or medial scalene muscles. Clinical features may include pain in the shoulder and neck region which radiates into the arm, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles, PARESTHESIA, loss of sensation, reduction of arterial pulses in the affected extremity, ISCHEMIA, and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp214-5).	0	2.84	4	0
Spondylosis A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the VERTEBRA, the INTERVERTEBRAL DISK, and the surrounding soft tissue.	0	2.84	4	0
Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available]	0	3.32	7	0
Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.	0	3.32	7	0
Blood Diseases [description not available]	0	5.63	19	0
Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.	0	5.63	19	0
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection [description not available]	0	3.03	5	0
Gonorrhea Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.	0	3.03	5	0
Spinal Diseases Diseases involving the SPINE.	0	7.42	29	1
Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.	0	8.64	10	0
Aura [description not available]	0	5.35	10	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	0	5.66	14	0
Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)	0	10.35	10	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	0	5.66	14	0
Mucositis, Oral [description not available]	0	5.97	6	1
Aphthae [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.	0	5.97	6	1
Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)	0	2.63	3	0
Pachymeningitis [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)	0	7.86	4	0
Leukocyte Disorders Disordered formation of various types of leukocytes or an abnormal accumulation or deficiency of these cells.	0	2.85	4	0
Leukocytosis A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid.	0	3.05	5	0
Brain Inflammation [description not available]	0	3.55	3	0
Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.	0	3.55	3	0
Anemia, Hypoplastic [description not available]	0	8.3	65	0
Anemia, Aplastic A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.	0	8.3	65	0
Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	4.65	11	0
Embolus [description not available]	0	4.36	8	0
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	0	7.06	20	1
Embolism Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.	0	9.36	8	0
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	0	7.06	20	1
Calcification, Pathologic [description not available]	0	4.65	11	0
Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.	0	4.65	11	0
Congenital Familial Lymphedema [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Lymphedema Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or disorders of the lymph nodes.	0	2.34	2	0
Paratyphoid Fever A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. It is similar to TYPHOID FEVER but less severe.	0	7.33	2	0
Hematemesis Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red, or older coffee-ground in character. It generally indicates bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.	0	3.95	5	0
Thromboembolism Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.	0	6.06	30	0
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	2.62	3	0
Complications, Labor [description not available]	0	2.62	3	0
Anuria Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.	0	5.03	10	0
Arterial Inflammation [description not available]	0	3.32	7	0
Aortitis Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.	0	1.93	1	0
Takayasu Arteritis A chronic inflammatory process that affects the AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy.	0	1.93	1	0
Infections, Salmonella [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	0	6.11	12	1
Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available]	0	9.19	32	1
Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent.	0	9.19	32	1
Arthritis, Post-Infectious [description not available]	0	6.39	30	0
Arthritis, Reactive An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA; YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.	0	6.39	30	0
Pleural Diseases Diseases involving the PLEURA.	0	2.34	2	0
Addiction, Opioid [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Opioid-Related Disorders Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or misuse of OPIOIDS.	0	2.34	2	0
Lacerations Torn, ragged, mangled wounds.	0	1.93	1	0
Viral Diseases [description not available]	0	5.27	7	0
Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses.	0	5.27	7	0
Hemorrhoids Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.	0	10.52	17	1
Arthritis, Spinal [description not available]	0	2.62	3	0
Spasmophilia [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Hansen Disease [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Leprosy A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.	0	2.85	4	0
Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available]	0	6.56	28	0
Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.	0	6.56	28	0
Pleurisy, Tuberculous [description not available]	0	3.03	5	0
Digestive System Disorders [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Digestive System Diseases Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).	0	2.35	2	0
ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Hypomenorrhea [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Subsepsis Allergica [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Familial Felty Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Recrudescence [description not available]	0	5.96	10	1
Dyskinesia Syndromes [description not available]	0	4.83	8	1
Movement Disorders Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.	0	4.83	8	1
Lymphatic Diseases Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.	0	2.85	4	0
Candida Infection [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	0	4.43	5	1
Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.93	1	0
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	0	4.43	5	1
Preterm Birth [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Premature Birth CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).	0	1.93	1	0
Hypertension, Essential [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Essential Hypertension Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1. OMIM: 145500	0	6.93	1	0
Menstruation, Painful [description not available]	0	6.19	7	2
Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation.	0	6.19	7	2
Shoulder Pain Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is often caused by physical activities such as work or sports participation, but may also be pathologic in origin.	0	2.34	2	0
Aortic Arteritis, Giant Cell [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Giant Cell Arteritis A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed)	0	2.85	4	0
Conjunctival Diseases Diseases involving the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	1.93	1	0
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	0	4.47	9	0
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	0	4.47	9	0
Circulatory Collapse [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.	0	3.19	6	0
Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.	0	5	16	0
Achlorhydria A lack of HYDROCHLORIC ACID in GASTRIC JUICE despite stimulation of gastric secretion.	0	1.93	1	0
Acne [description not available]	0	7.64	3	0
Sycosis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Bacterial Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.	0	2.64	3	0
Folliculitis Inflammation of follicles, primarily hair follicles.	0	1.93	1	0
Skin Diseases, Bacterial Skin diseases caused by bacteria.	0	1.93	1	0
Central Hypothyroidism [description not available]	0	4.11	6	0
Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.	0	4.11	6	0
Encephalitis, Viral Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.	0	1.93	1	0
Cerebromeningitis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Meningitis, Viral Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)	0	1.93	1	0
Coronary Heart Disease [description not available]	0	4.81	13	0
Coronary Thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	1.93	1	0
Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.	0	4.81	13	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	0	5.9	18	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	5.9	18	0
External Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Otitis Externa Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	0	6.93	1	0
Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.	0	2.64	3	0
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	0	7.29	41	0
Leukemoid Reaction A peripheral blood picture resembling that of leukemia or indistinguishable from it on the basis of morphologic appearance alone. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.34	2	0
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	0	7.29	41	0
Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available]	0	4.56	10	0
Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.	0	4.56	10	0
Infection [description not available]	0	10.03	10	0
Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	0	10.03	10	0
Leukocytopenia [description not available]	0	4.65	11	0
Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	0	9.65	11	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	0	5.48	16	0
Gangrene Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply.	0	4.83	8	1
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	0	1.93	1	0
Erosive Duodenitis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Duodenal Diseases Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).	0	3.55	3	0
Duodenitis Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.	0	6.93	1	0
Back Ache [description not available]	0	8.52	35	5
Back Pain Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.	0	8.52	35	5
Stasis Ulcer [description not available]	0	3.55	9	0
Varicose Ulcer Skin breakdown or ulceration in the drainage area of a VARICOSE VEIN, usually in the leg.	0	3.55	9	0
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	0	4.58	6	1
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	4.58	6	1
Phimosis A condition in which the FORESKIN cannot be retracted to reveal the GLANS PENIS. It is due to tightness or narrowing of the foreskin opening.	0	1.93	1	0
Dystocia Slow or difficult OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH.	0	1.93	1	0
Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.	0	3.32	7	0
Hay Fever [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Vasomotor Rhinitis [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.	0	2.85	4	0
Rhinitis, Vasomotor A form of non-allergic rhinitis that is characterized by nasal congestion and posterior pharyngeal drainage.	0	2.63	3	0
Adhesive Capsulitis [description not available]	0	6.14	18	2
Bursitis Inflammation or irritation of a SYNOVIAL BURSA, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin.	0	11.14	18	2
Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.	0	2.86	4	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	0	3.04	5	0
Pink Eye [description not available]	0	3.44	8	0
Conjunctivitis INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	3.44	8	0
Cold Panniculitis [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative A form of panniculitis characterized by recurrent episodes of fever accompanied by the eruption of single or multiple erythematous subcutaneous nodules on the lower extremities. They normally resolve, but tend to leave depressions in the skin. The condition is most often seen in women, alone or in association with other disorders.	0	2.34	2	0
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	0	2.35	2	0
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Episcleritis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Sclera Diseases [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Connective Tissue Diseases A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.	0	1.93	1	0
Scleritis Refers to any inflammation of the sclera including episcleritis, a benign condition affecting only the episclera, which is generally short-lived and easily treated. Classic scleritis, on the other hand, affects deeper tissue and is characterized by higher rates of visual acuity loss and even mortality, particularly in necrotizing form. Its characteristic symptom is severe and general head pain. Scleritis has also been associated with systemic collagen disease. Etiology is unknown but is thought to involve a local immune response. Treatment is difficult and includes administration of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids. Inflammation of the sclera may also be secondary to inflammation of adjacent tissues, such as the conjunctiva.	0	6.93	1	0
Periarthritis Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	5.81	23	1
Acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [description not available]	0	3.55	3	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.	0	3.55	3	0
Hydrothorax A collection of watery fluid in the pleural cavity. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.93	1	0
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Bleeding Between Periods [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Menorrhagia Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.	0	1.93	1	0
Metrorrhagia Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE. The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.	0	1.93	1	0
IgA Vasculitis A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in children after acute upper respiratory infections.	0	1.93	1	0
Tuberculosis, Female Genital MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	2.35	2	0
Hemorrhage, Uterine [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Uterine Hemorrhage Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.	0	6.93	1	0
Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available]	0	5	16	0
Leg Ulcer Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes.	0	5.76	12	2
Varices [description not available]	0	5.85	24	1
Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.	0	5.85	24	1
Cancer of Rectum [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.	0	2.36	2	0
Female Genital Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Genital Neoplasms, Female Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	2.63	3	0
Breast Diseases Pathological processes of the BREAST.	0	1.93	1	0
Lymphangitis A lymphatic disease characterized by INFLAMMATION of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.	0	4.58	6	1
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.	0	3.33	7	0
Cyclitis, Heterochromic [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Iridocyclitis Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber, discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil. Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and interference with vision.	0	3.26	2	0
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	2.34	2	0
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	2.34	2	0
Osteochondritis Dissecans A type of osteochondritis in which articular cartilage and associated bone becomes partially or totally detached to form joint loose bodies. Affects mainly the knee, ankle, and elbow joints.	0	1.93	1	0
Meniscitis [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Bagassosis A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhaled dust from processing SUGARCANE (bagasse), usually in the manufacturing of wallboard.	0	2.34	2	0
Pneumoconiosis A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population.	0	2.34	2	0
Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	6.26	14	1
Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	0	11.26	14	1
Mitral Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Mitral Valve Stenosis Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn, raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause.	0	2.34	2	0
Abortion, Tubal [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Abortion, Threatened UTERINE BLEEDING from a GESTATION of less than 20 weeks without any CERVICAL DILATATION. It is characterized by vaginal bleeding, lower back discomfort, or midline pelvic cramping and a risk factor for MISCARRIAGE.	0	1.93	1	0
Abortion, Spontaneous Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.	0	2.34	2	0
Hallucination of Body Sensation [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Hallucinations Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated with MENTAL DISORDERS.	0	2.35	2	0
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	0	3.55	3	0
Psychoses [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Psychoses, Alcoholic A group of mental disorders associated with organic brain damage and caused by poisoning from alcohol.	0	1.93	1	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	0	3.55	3	0
Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)	0	1.93	1	0
Tendinitis Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings.	0	12.16	22	5
Bruise [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Contusions Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin.	0	3.04	5	0
Tendinopathy Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance.	0	7.16	22	5
Experimental Leukemia [description not available]	0	3.05	5	0
Alastrim [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Smallpox An acute, highly contagious, often fatal infectious disease caused by an orthopoxvirus characterized by a biphasic febrile course and distinctive progressive skin eruptions. Vaccination has succeeded in eradicating smallpox worldwide. (Dorland, 28th ed)	0	2.34	2	0
Muscle Pain [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Myalgia Painful sensation in the muscles.	1	4.34	2	0
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	0	10.1	69	1
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	0	10.1	69	1
Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.	0	1.93	1	0
Fistula Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.	0	1.93	1	0
Gastric Fistula Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.	0	2.35	2	0
Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available]	0	5.91	14	0
Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	0	10.91	14	0
Forestier-Certonciny Syndrome [description not available]	0	4.83	8	1
Polymyalgia Rheumatica A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a self-limiting course. Pain is usually accompanied by evidence of an inflammatory reaction. Women are affected twice as commonly as men and Caucasians more frequently than other groups. The condition is frequently associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS and some theories pose the possibility that the two diseases arise from a single etiology or even that they are the same entity.	0	9.83	8	1
Arachnodactyly An abnormal bone development that is characterized by extra long and slender hands and fingers, such that the clenched thumb extends beyond the ulnar side of the hand. Arachnodactyly can include feet and toes. Arachnodactyly has been associated with several gene mutations and syndromes.	0	1.93	1	0
Marfan Syndrome, Type I [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Marfan Syndrome An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE, dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome (type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome type 2.	0	1.93	1	0
Carbuncle An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.	0	1.93	1	0
Boils [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Paronychia An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)	0	1.93	1	0
Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	2.63	3	0
Sprains [description not available]	0	4.58	6	1
Sprains and Strains A collective term for muscle and ligament injuries without dislocation or fracture. A sprain is a joint injury in which some of the fibers of a supporting ligament are ruptured but the continuity of the ligament remains intact. A strain is an overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature.	0	4.58	6	1
Group A Strep Infection [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.	0	3.34	7	0
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	0	3.2	6	0
Nerve Pain [description not available]	0	6.5	11	1
Periostitis Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and swelling of the bone and an aching pain. Acute periostitis is due to infection, is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain, and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.63	3	0
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.	0	6.5	11	1
Osseous Paget's Disease [description not available]	0	4.98	5	0
Osteitis Deformans A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry.	0	4.98	5	0
Bronchospasm [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Bronchial Spasm Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.	0	3.19	6	0
Flushing A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, or stress.	0	1.93	1	0
Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	0	1.93	1	0
Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.	0	3.45	8	0
Pyloric Stenosis Narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology. A common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (PYLORIC STENOSIS, HYPERTROPHIC) seen in infants.	0	1.93	1	0
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.	0	2.34	2	0
Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast.	0	3.96	14	0
Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.	0	3.96	14	0
Chemical Dependence [description not available]	0	3.65	10	0
Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse.	0	3.65	10	0
Hyperesthesia Increased sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation due to a diminished threshold or an increased response to stimuli.	0	2.63	3	0
Arrhythmia [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	0	3.2	6	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	0	3.19	6	0
Bone Inflammation [description not available]	0	4.47	9	0
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Carcinoma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.	0	1.93	1	0
Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	11.44	77	11
Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.	0	2.37	2	0
Hyperplasia, Reactive Lymphoid [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	0	4.78	33	0
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	0	4.78	33	0
Catarrh Inflammation of a mucous membrane with increased flow of mucous in humans or animals. Catarrh is used mostly in a historical context.	0	2.63	3	0
Common Cold A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.	0	2.63	3	0
Algodystrophic Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.32	7	0
Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.	0	2.34	2	0
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy A syndrome characterized by severe burning pain in an extremity accompanied by sudomotor, vasomotor, and trophic changes in bone without an associated specific nerve injury. This condition is most often precipitated by trauma to soft tissue or nerve complexes. The skin over the affected region is usually erythematous and demonstrates hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli and erythema. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1360; Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)	0	3.32	7	0
Autoimmune Disease [description not available]	0	5.12	11	0
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	0	5.12	11	0
Acquired Adult Flatfoot Deformity [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Adolescent Hyperkyphosis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Action Tremor [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON DISEASE.	0	1.93	1	0
Focal Neurologic Deficits [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired [description not available]	0	5.52	12	0
Anemia, Hemolytic A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).	0	5.52	12	0
Anemia, Macrocytic Anemia characterized by larger than normal erythrocytes, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH).	0	2.85	4	0
Thrombocytopathy [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Blood Platelet Disorders Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function.	0	2.86	4	0
Neuritis A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA.	0	5.14	6	2
Mucorales Infection [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Mucormycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION.	0	1.93	1	0
Glycosuria The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).	0	2.33	2	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available]	0	4.36	8	0
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	4.94	15	0
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.	0	4.36	8	0
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.	0	4.94	15	0
Eczema, Atopic [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Atopic Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.	0	2.35	2	0
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Emesis [description not available]	0	6.55	7	3
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	0	7.95	12	8
Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.63	3	0
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	0	6.55	7	3
Poisoning, Mercury [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	0	2.86	4	0
Mercury Poisoning Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of MERCURY or MERCURY COMPOUNDS.	0	1.94	1	0
Genetic Diseases, X-Chromosome Linked [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Hairy Cell Leukemia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Kahler Disease [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Erythremia [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Sarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available]	0	4.42	5	0
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Leukemia, Hairy Cell A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy, and the presence of hairy or flagellated cells in the blood and bone marrow.	0	1.94	1	0
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	0	2.64	3	0
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.	0	3.2	6	0
Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	2.86	4	0
Polycythemia Vera A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis occurs.	0	2.35	2	0
Sarcoma A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.	0	4.42	5	0
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.	0	2.64	3	0
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).	0	1.94	1	0
Hemorrhagic Diathesis [description not available]	0	3.95	5	0
Hemorrhagic Disorders Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS).	0	3.95	5	0
Hemoptysis Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.	0	1.94	1	0
Hemosiderosis Conditions in which there is a generalized increase in the iron stores of body tissues, particularly of liver and the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM, without demonstrable tissue damage. The name refers to the presence of stainable iron in the tissue in the form of hemosiderin.	0	1.94	1	0
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease [description not available]	0	4.94	9	0
Chondrocalcinosis Presence of CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE in the connective tissues such as the cartilaginous structures of joints. When accompanied by GOUT-like symptoms, it is referred to as pseudogout.	0	4.94	9	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	0	10.94	26	0
Marchiafava-Micheli Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Hemoglobinuria The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE, indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system. After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS), free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.	0	1.94	1	0
Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal A condition characterized by the recurrence of HEMOGLOBINURIA caused by intravascular HEMOLYSIS. In cases occurring upon cold exposure (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria), usually after infections, there is a circulating antibody which is also a cold hemolysin. In cases occurring during or after sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria), the clonal hematopoietic stem cells exhibit a global deficiency of cell membrane proteins.	0	2.64	3	0
Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	2.85	4	0
Pyoderma Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	2.34	2	0
Urethritis Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.	0	3.04	5	0
Glandular Fever [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Infectious Mononucleosis A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis.	0	7.64	3	0
Dermatomyositis, Adult Type [description not available]	0	4.58	6	1
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Dermatomyositis A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis) involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia, muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis. Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1405-6)	0	9.58	6	1
Myositis Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.	0	7.86	4	0
Polydipsia Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS. The condition may be psychogenic in origin.	0	6.94	1	0
Abdomen, Acute A clinical syndrome with acute abdominal pain that is severe, localized, and rapid in onset. Acute abdomen may be caused by a variety of disorders, injuries, or diseases.	0	4.02	3	1
6th Nerve Palsy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Deficiency, Mental [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Chondrodystrophic Myotonia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Intellectual Disability Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	0	1.94	1	0
Interstitial Nephritis [description not available]	0	5.45	11	0
Nephritis, Interstitial Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.	0	5.45	11	0
Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.	0	2.63	3	0
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.	0	5.39	8	2
Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.	0	3.04	5	0
Brain Emboli [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Brain Embolism and Thrombosis [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	0	4.37	8	0
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	0	4.37	8	0
Bone Marrow Diseases Diseases involving the BONE MARROW.	0	3.89	13	0
Bartonella henselae Infection [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cat-Scratch Disease A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.	0	1.94	1	0
Primary Peritonitis [description not available]	0	4.15	17	0
Serositis Inflammation of a serous membrane.	0	6.94	1	0
Peritonitis, Tuberculous A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.	0	1.94	1	0
Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.	0	4.15	17	0
Convalescence The period of recovery following an illness.	0	3.27	2	0
Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.	0	1.94	1	0
Chondritis, Costal [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Hemorrhagic Proctocolitis [description not available]	0	7.35	2	0
Proctocolitis Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of the COLON.	0	7.35	2	0
Chronic Bronchitis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Centriacinar Emphysema [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Bronchiectasis Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.	0	1.94	1	0
Bronchitis, Chronic A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis.	0	2.34	2	0
Histoplasma capsulatum Infection [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Infections, Nematode [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Furrow Keratitis [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Ocular Toxoplasmosis [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Histoplasmosis Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus HISTOPLASMA. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the central and eastern states, especially areas around the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.	0	2.85	1	0
Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea.	0	3.26	2	0
Toxoplasmosis The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.	0	3.26	2	0
Toxoplasmosis, Ocular Infection caused by the protozoan parasite TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal, and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in infants may lead to blindness.	0	2.85	1	0
Uveitis Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	4.36	8	0
Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.	0	6.73	14	1
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Urinary Calculi Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.	0	4.37	8	0
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.85	1	0
Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.	0	8.18	15	5
Injuries, Spinal [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Silicotuberculosis Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a patient with silicosis.	0	1.94	1	0
Silicosis A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.	0	1.94	1	0
Hydrarthrosis Accumulation of watery fluid in the cavity of a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Sunburn An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness, and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.	0	2.63	3	0
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	0	7.71	9	5
Sore Throat [description not available]	0	4.95	3	1
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	0	7.71	9	5
Pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).	0	4.95	3	1
Tonsillitis Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.	0	5.17	4	1
Jaundice, Cholestatic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).	0	2.64	3	0
Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)	0	1.94	1	0
Jaundice, Obstructive Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.	0	1.94	1	0
Diffuse Myofascial Pain Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.95	10	3
Fibromyalgia A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME, CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50 years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1494-95)	0	5.95	10	3
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	0	4.24	4	1
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	4.24	4	1
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	0	4.57	10	0
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	0	2.66	3	0
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	0	4.57	10	0
Visceral Pain Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA) associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA; and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN.	0	6	8	0
Bone Fractures [description not available]	0	3.21	6	0
Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones.	0	3.21	6	0
Colonic Diverticulitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Familial Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diverticulitis Inflammation of a DIVERTICULUM or diverticula.	0	1.94	1	0
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.	0	1.94	1	0
Collodion Baby Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Xeroderma [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Ichthyosis Any of several generalized skin disorders characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic, but some are acquired, developing in association with other systemic disease or genetic syndrome.	0	1.94	1	0
Skin Manifestations Dermatologic disorders attendant upon non-dermatologic disease or injury.	0	3.77	4	0
Ichthyosis, Lamellar A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales, adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases, scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.	0	1.94	1	0
Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Familial Mediterranean Fever A group of HEREDITARY AUTOINFLAMMATION DISEASES, characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, headache, rash, PLEURISY; and ARTHRITIS. ORCHITIS; benign MENINGITIS; and AMYLOIDOSIS may also occur. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in marenostrin gene encoding PYRIN result in autosomal recessive transmission; simple heterozygous, autosomal dominant form of the disease also exists with mutations in the same gene.	0	2.34	2	0
Leukoma [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Corneal Opacity Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.	0	2.34	2	0
Diverticula [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Urinary Incontinence, Stress Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage, descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.	0	1.94	1	0
Vesico-Vaginal Fistula [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Urinary Incontinence Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.	0	1.94	1	0
Chorea Disorders [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Chorea Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal patterns of movement. Hypotonia and pendular reflexes are often associated. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent episodes of chorea as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as CHOREATIC DISORDERS. Chorea is also a frequent manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.	0	2.34	2	0
Potassium Deficiency A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Chest Injuries [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Exanthem [description not available]	0	10.75	8	1
Exanthema Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.	0	10.75	8	1
Armstrong Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.	0	2.34	2	0
Nerve Root Avulsion [description not available]	0	3.73	2	1
Polyradiculitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Polyradiculopathy Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.	0	1.94	1	0
Radiculopathy Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.	0	3.73	2	1
Angiitis [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Vasculitis Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.	0	7.63	3	0
Autosomal Hemophilia A [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Hemophilia A The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.	0	2.86	4	0
Urinary Lithiasis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Urolithiasis Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.	0	1.94	1	0
Leprosy, Macular [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.	0	2.63	3	0
Diseases, Metabolic [description not available]	0	3.77	4	0
Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)	0	3.77	4	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	3.74	11	0
Epulides [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hemorrhage, Gingival [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Gingival Diseases Diseases involving the GINGIVA.	0	1.94	1	0
Gingival Hemorrhage The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY.	0	1.94	1	0
Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.	0	2.35	2	0
Impotence [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Erectile Dysfunction The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.	0	1.94	1	0
Incompetence, Pulmonary Valve [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Human Trichinellosis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Trichinellosis An infection with TRICHINELLA. It is caused by eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected with larvae of nematode worms TRICHINELLA genus. All members of the TRICHINELLA genus can infect human in addition to TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, the traditional etiological agent. It is distributed throughout much of the world and is re-emerging in some parts as a public health hazard and a food safety problem.	0	2.34	2	0
Adnexal Diseases Diseases of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including diseases involving the OVARY, the FALLOPIAN TUBES, and ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT).	0	1.93	1	0
Angor Pectoris [description not available]	0	4.11	6	0
Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.	0	4.11	6	0
Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	6.93	1	0
Neoplastic Processes The pathological mechanisms and forms taken by tissue during degeneration into a neoplasm and its subsequent activity.	0	1.93	1	0
Postphlebitic Disease [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Hypogalactia A condition of less than normal MILK secretion.	0	1.93	1	0
Mastitis INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.	0	1.93	1	0
Anemia, Megaloblastic A disorder characterized by the presence of ANEMIA, abnormally large red blood cells (megalocytes or macrocytes), and MEGALOBLASTS.	0	2.34	2	0
Addison's Anemia [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Adhesions, Tissue [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Peritoneal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.	0	1.93	1	0
Epididymitis Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.	0	7.35	2	0
Orchitis Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.	0	2.35	2	0
Infarction, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Brain Thrombosis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Blood Loss, Postoperative [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Aqueductal Stenosis [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Cronobacter Infections [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.	0	2.02	1	0
Endotoxin Shock [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.	0	3.04	5	0
Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.	0	2.02	1	0
Hypoproteinemia A condition in which total serum protein level is below the normal range. Hypoproteinemia can be caused by protein malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract, EDEMA, or PROTEINURIA.	0	4.45	5	1
Hypoalbuminemia A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).	0	3.41	1	1
Abscess, Abdominal [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Abdominal Abscess An abscess located in the abdominal cavity, i.e., the cavity between the diaphragm above and the pelvis below. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.03	1	0
Actinobacillus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.	0	2.03	1	0
Hemoperitoneum Accumulations of blood in the PERITONEAL CAVITY due to internal HEMORRHAGE.	0	2.03	1	0
Uterine Rupture A complete separation or tear in the wall of the UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring, or obstruction.	0	2.03	1	0
Infections, Serratia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear (LABYRINTH).	0	2.03	1	0
Sinusitis, Maxillary [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Acquired Facial Neuropathy [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Maxillary Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.	0	2.03	1	0
Anterior Cervical Pain [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Psoriasis Arthropathica [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Arthritis, Psoriatic A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor.	0	2.41	2	0
Neck Pain Discomfort or more intense forms of pain that are localized to the cervical region. This term generally refers to pain in the posterior or lateral regions of the neck.	0	2.03	1	0
Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Acquired Metabolic Diseases, Brain [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Coma A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.	0	3.61	3	0
Erythrophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Brain Swelling [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Bewilderment [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Adult-Onset Still Disease [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	0	2.04	1	0
Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA.	0	2.38	2	0
Still's Disease, Adult-Onset Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.	0	2.04	1	0
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic A group of related disorders characterized by LYMPHOCYTOSIS; HISTIOCYTOSIS; and hemophagocytosis. The two major forms are familial and reactive.	0	2.04	1	0
Abdominal Cramps [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis [description not available]	0	2.04	1	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	0	4.47	24	0
Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial cases.	0	1.94	1	0
Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	0	2.34	2	0
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	0	5.34	14	0
Mouth Diseases Diseases involving the MOUTH.	0	3.74	11	0
Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Insulin Coma Severe HYPOGLYCEMIA induced by a large dose of exogenous INSULIN resulting in a COMA or profound state of unconsciousness from which the individual cannot be aroused.	0	1.94	1	0
Intracranial Arteriosclerosis Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.	0	1.94	1	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	0	3.56	9	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	0	3.56	9	0
Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright.	0	5.26	9	0
Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.	0	3.26	2	0
Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	0	5.26	9	0
Hand Injuries General or unspecified injuries to the hand.	0	1.94	1	0
Injuries, Wrist [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Afibrinogenemia, Congenital [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Deficiency, Factor II [description not available]	0	4.12	6	0
Afibrinogenemia A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.	0	2.35	2	0
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	0	2.36	2	0
Pancytopenia Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.	0	4.6	6	0
Fever of Unknown Origin Fever in which the etiology cannot be ascertained.	0	2.38	2	0
Bovine Diseases [description not available]	0	7.32	14	2
Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.	0	3.96	5	0
Pleuropericarditis Inflammation of both the PERICARDIUM and the PLEURA.	0	5.75	8	1
Salivary Gland Diseases Diseases involving the SALIVARY GLANDS.	0	3.33	7	0
Pericarditis Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.	0	5.75	8	1
Costen's Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.05	5	0
Autosomal Recessive Chronic Granulomatous Disease [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Granulomatous Disease, Chronic A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.	0	3.34	7	0
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Injuries, Tendon [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.	0	2.64	3	0
Abdominal Migraine [description not available]	0	4.44	5	1
Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	4.44	5	1
Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.	0	3.56	3	0
Bronchial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	3.75	2	1
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.	0	2.88	1	0
Kidney Papillary Necrosis A complication of kidney diseases characterized by cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA. Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine resulting in POLYURIA. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block KIDNEY PELVIS or URETER. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can lead to KIDNEY FAILURE.	0	5.12	18	0
Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.	0	4.92	6	0
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available]	0	3.28	2	0
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)	0	1.96	1	0
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.	0	3.28	2	0
Autolysis The spontaneous disintegration of tissues or cells by the action of their own autogenous enzymes.	0	2.36	2	0
American Trypanosomiasis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.	0	1.96	1	0
Cancer of the Vulva [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Vulvar Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.	0	2.35	2	0
Ectopic Ossification [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Central Nervous System Disease [description not available]	0	4.95	3	1
Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	0	4.95	3	1
Nasal Bleeding [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Hemarthrosis Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.	0	2.35	2	0
Epistaxis Bleeding from the nose.	0	1.96	1	0
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE.	0	4.25	7	0
Bone Cysts Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.	0	1.96	1	0
Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.	0	1.96	1	0
Allergic Cutaneous Angiitis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Edema, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	3.2	6	0
Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	0	3.2	6	0
Anesthesia Related Hyperthermia [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.	0	1.96	1	0
Acoustic Nerve Diseases [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Facial Palsy [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.	0	4.43	5	1
Cramp [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Muscle Cramp A sustained and usually painful contraction of muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398)	0	1.96	1	0
Skin Ulcer An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.	0	4.25	4	1
Ileal Diseases Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE.	0	1.96	1	0
Intestinal Obstruction Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.	0	2.87	4	0
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	0	2.64	3	0
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	0	2.64	3	0
Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.	0	1.96	1	0
Rodent Diseases Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).	0	2.64	3	0
Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	7.86	4	0
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	3.34	7	0
Infections, Pasteurella [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	0	2.36	2	0
Indigestion [description not available]	0	5.97	6	1
Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating.	0	5.97	6	1
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	7.86	4	0
Auricular Fibrillation [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Chylopericardium [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.	0	1.96	1	0
Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).	0	2.36	2	0
Pericardial Effusion Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.	0	1.96	1	0
Enlarged Liver [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Constitutional Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary Inborn errors of bilirubin metabolism resulting in excessive amounts of bilirubin in the circulating blood, either because of increased bilirubin production or because of delayed clearance of bilirubin from the blood.	0	1.95	1	0
Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	0	2.37	2	0
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.	0	3.19	6	0
Schwartzman Phenomenon [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Cholecystoduodenal Fistula [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Enteropathy, Exudative [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Protein-Losing Enteropathies Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	1.95	1	0
Deficiency, Protein [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Metastase [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	0	2.36	2	0
Cleft Palate, Isolated [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Cleft Palate Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion.	0	7.36	2	0
Porphyria [description not available]	0	4.57	10	0
Porphyrias A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in the LIVER, the BONE MARROW, or both. They are classified by the deficiency of specific enzymes, the tissue site of enzyme defect, or the clinical features that include neurological (acute) or cutaneous (skin lesions). Porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the hepatic or erythropoietic marrow tissues.	0	4.57	10	0
Constriction, Pathological [description not available]	0	3.6	3	0
Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.	0	3.6	3	0
E coli Infections [description not available]	0	3.37	1	1
Infections, Klebsiella [description not available]	0	3.37	1	1
Mastitis, Bovine INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.	0	4.83	4	2
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	0	3.37	1	1
Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.	0	3.37	1	1
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	3.56	3	0
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	3.56	3	0
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	0	2.87	4	0
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	0	1.98	1	0
Poisoning, Lead [description not available]	0	3.79	4	0
Lead Poisoning Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of LEAD or lead compounds.	0	3.79	4	0
Toxemia A condition produced by the presence of toxins or other harmful substances in the BLOOD.	0	1.98	1	0
Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.	0	1.98	1	0
Cecal Diseases Pathological developments in the CECUM.	0	1.98	1	0
Femoral Fractures Fractures of the femur.	0	1.98	1	0
Milk Fever, Animal [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Ephemeral Fever An Ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by bovine ephemeral fever virus (EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS, BOVINE). It is characterized by respiratory symptoms, increased oropharyngeal secretions and lacrimation, joint pains, tremor, and stiffness.	0	2.67	3	0
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	0	1.98	1	0
Actinomyces Infections [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.	0	2.4	2	0
Lipidoses Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved.	0	1.99	1	0
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
African Sleeping Sickness [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Trypanosomiasis, African A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.	0	1.99	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	0	4.13	6	0
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	0	4.13	6	0
Acute-Phase Reaction An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma.	0	1.99	1	0
Temporomandibular Disorders [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Infections, Proteus [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)	0	1.99	1	0
Ulna Fractures Fractures of the larger bone of the forearm.	0	1.99	1	0
Fracture, Pathologic [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Sex Disorders [description not available]	0	3.29	2	0
Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological Physiological disturbances in normal sexual performance in either the male or the female.	0	3.29	2	0
Priapism A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal trauma; and certain drug treatments.	0	2	1	0
Fibrosis, Inflammatory Perianeurysmal [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis A slowly progressive condition of unknown etiology, characterized by deposition of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneal space compressing the ureters, great vessels, bile duct, and other structures. When associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm, it may be called chronic periaortitis or inflammatory perianeurysmal fibrosis.	0	2.37	2	0
Urethral Obstruction Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.	0	2	1	0
Granular Cell Myoblastoma [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Ear Diseases Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.	0	2.65	3	0
Empyema Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.	0	2	1	0
Foreign-Body Granuloma [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Sterility, Male [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.	0	1.95	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	3.27	2	0
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	0	3.04	5	0
Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction Disorders in which phagocytic cells cannot kill ingested bacteria; characterized by frequent recurring infection with formulation of granulomas.	0	3.2	6	0
Cushing's Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.74	2	1
Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	0	3.74	2	1
Diseases in Twins Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.	0	3.74	2	0
Hand Dermatosis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Hand Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the HANDS.	0	2.35	2	0
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	0	5.41	15	0
Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available]	0	3.78	4	0
Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.	0	3.78	4	0
Marasmus [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Protein-Energy Malnutrition The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses.	0	1.95	1	0
Hypersensitivity, Type III [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Lupus Erythematosus, Chronic Cutaneous [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare. It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur.	0	1.95	1	0
Insect Bites [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Prurigo A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.95	1	0
Kaposi Disease [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Lichen Simplex Chronicus [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Insect Bites and Stings Bites and stings inflicted by insects.	0	1.95	1	0
Neurodermatitis An extremely variable eczematous skin disease that is presumed to be a response to prolonged vigorous scratching, rubbing, or pinching to relieve intense pruritus. It varies in intensity, severity, course, and morphologic expression in different individuals. Neurodermatitis is believed by some to be psychogenic. The circumscribed or localized form is often referred to as lichen simplex chronicus.	0	1.95	1	0
Xeroderma Pigmentosum A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.	0	1.95	1	0
Balanitis Inflammation of the head of the PENIS, glans penis.	0	1.95	1	0
Ageusia Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of taste, frequently accompanied by OLFACTION DISORDERS.	0	1.95	1	0
Dysgeusia A condition characterized by alterations of the sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including gross distortions of taste quality.	0	1.95	1	0
Taste Disorder, Anterior Tongue [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Epileptiform Neuralgia [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187)	0	2.36	2	0
Alopecia Cicatrisata [description not available]	0	3.34	1	1
Central Nervous System Origin Vertigo [description not available]	0	7.9	10	9
Alopecia Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.	0	3.34	1	1
Vertigo An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)	0	7.9	10	9
Polyneuropathy, Acquired [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Polyneuropathies Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized by symmetrical, bilateral distal motor and sensory impairment with a graded increase in severity distally. The pathological processes affecting peripheral nerves include degeneration of the axon, myelin or both. The various forms of polyneuropathy are categorized by the type of nerve affected (e.g., sensory, motor, or autonomic), by the distribution of nerve injury (e.g., distal vs. proximal), by nerve component primarily affected (e.g., demyelinating vs. axonal), by etiology, or by pattern of inheritance.	0	1.95	1	0
Erysipelas An acute infection of the skin caused by species of STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants, young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The commonest site of involvement is the face.	0	1.95	1	0
Osteophytosis, Spinal [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Oliguria Decreased URINE output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.	0	1.95	1	0
Gingivitis Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue.	0	1.95	1	0
Adult Rickets [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Congenital Dysplasia Of The Hip [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Osteomalacia Disorder caused by an interruption of the mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening, bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis.	0	1.95	1	0
Mushroom Poisoning Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties.	0	4.12	6	0
Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Kidney Stones [description not available]	0	4.47	9	0
Duncan Disease [description not available]	0	2.87	1	0
Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.	0	4.47	9	0
Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.	0	2.87	1	0
Myeloproliferative Disorders Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.	0	3.56	3	0
Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Amyotrophy, Thenar, Of Carpal Origin [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel, which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES. This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID); ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p45)	0	3.34	7	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	0	2.35	2	0
Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking.	0	3.05	5	0
Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	0	3.28	2	0
Melena The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.	0	3.74	2	1
Esophageal Varices [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Esophageal and Gastric Varices Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).	0	2.64	3	0
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	0	4.59	3	2
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	0	4.59	3	2
Amyloidosis A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.	0	3.27	2	0
Ascariasis Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer.	0	2.87	1	0
Adenomatoses, Bovine Pulmonary [description not available]	0	2.87	1	0
Colonic Inertia Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less.	0	3.27	2	0
Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.	0	3.27	2	0
Lassitude [description not available]	0	5.5	3	2
Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.	0	5.5	3	2
Metabolic Acidosis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.	0	2.35	2	0
Postgastrectomy Syndromes Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer, postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional deficiencies.	0	1.95	1	0
Aneuploid [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Hypokalemia Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.64	3	0
Diabetic Coma A state of unconsciousness as a complication of diabetes mellitus. It occurs in cases of extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA or extreme HYPOGLYCEMIA as a complication of INSULIN therapy.	0	1.95	1	0
Cancer of Nasopharynx [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.	0	1.95	1	0
Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.	0	1.95	1	0
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	0	3.96	5	0
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.	0	2.37	2	0
Arterial Obstructive Diseases [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Arterial Occlusive Diseases Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.	0	2.64	3	0
Tracheitis INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.	0	1.95	1	0
Injuries, Eye [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Eye Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.	0	2.35	2	0
Viral Hepatitis, Human [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Hepatitis, Viral, Human INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).	0	1.95	1	0
Enterocele An intestinal HERNIA.	0	1.95	1	0
Cancer of Testis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Spermatic Cord Torsion The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently lost.	0	1.95	1	0
Hernia Protrusion of tissue, structure, or part of an organ through the bone, muscular tissue, or the membrane by which it is normally contained. Hernia may involve tissues such as the ABDOMINAL WALL or the respiratory DIAPHRAGM. Hernias may be internal, external, congenital, or acquired.	0	1.95	1	0
Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.	0	1.95	1	0
HbS Disease [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.	0	1.95	1	0
Complications, Hematologic Pregnancy [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Salpingitis Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY, and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)	0	1.95	1	0
Infections, Meningococcal [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.	0	1.95	1	0
Chromosomal Translocation [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Glomerular Necrosis [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA.	0	2.35	2	0
Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.	0	1.95	1	0
Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.	0	3.04	5	0
Cellulitis, Pelvic [description not available]	0	4.02	3	1
Parametritis Inflammation of the parametrium, the connective tissue of the pelvic floor, extending from the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the BROAD LIGAMENT.	0	4.02	3	1
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Uveal Diseases Diseases of the uvea.	0	1.95	1	0
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.	0	1.95	1	0
Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).	0	1.95	1	0
Aseptic Necrosis of Femur Head [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Cervicitis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Endomyometritis Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION.	0	4.02	3	1
Uterine Cervicitis Inflammation of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	1.95	1	0
Endometritis Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.	0	4.02	3	1
Dermatosclerosis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Scleroderma, Localized A term used to describe a variety of localized asymmetrical SKIN thickening that is similar to those of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA but without the disease features in the multiple internal organs and BLOOD VESSELS. Lesions may be characterized as patches or plaques (morphea), bands (linear), or nodules.	0	2.35	2	0
Atrophy, Muscle [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Muscular Atrophy Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.	0	2.64	3	0
Gastric Rupture [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	0	2.35	2	0
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	0	3.96	5	0
Sicca Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Sjogren's Syndrome Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.	0	3.27	2	0
Nasal Catarrh [description not available]	0	4.95	3	1
Nasal Polyps Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.	0	2.86	1	0
Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.	0	4.95	3	1
Biliary Tract Diseases Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.	0	2.35	2	0
Deficiency, Ascorbic Acid [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of hemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1177)	0	2.35	2	0
Great Pox [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Syphilis A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.	0	2.35	2	0
A-V Dissociation [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Infections, Mycobacterium [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Infectious Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Mycobacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.	0	2.35	2	0
Skin Diseases, Infectious Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.	0	1.95	1	0
Hemorrhage, Retinal [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Erythrocytosis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Pain, Intractable Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment.	0	1.98	1	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	0	1.98	1	0
Infections, Plasmodium [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	0	1.98	1	0
Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.	0	1.98	1	0
Chondrosteoma [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	0	3.58	3	0
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	0	1.97	1	0
Drug Overdose Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.	0	1.97	1	0
Allergy, Food [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Food Hypersensitivity Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	4.59	6	0
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	0	1.97	1	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	0	9.59	6	0
Sinus Infections [description not available]	0	3.74	2	1
Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.	0	3.74	2	1
Cancer of Esophagus [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	1.97	1	0
Food Poisoning [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Food Poisoning, Salmonella [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Salmonella Food Poisoning Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring species of SALMONELLA. Conditions of raising, shipping, slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the spread of this bacterium in the food supply.	0	1.97	1	0
Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.	0	1.97	1	0
Viremia The presence of viruses in the blood.	0	1.97	1	0
Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Incontinentia Pigmenti Achromians [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	0	1.97	1	0
Pancreatic Diseases Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.	0	1.97	1	0
Familial Periodic Paralysis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Haemophilus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.	0	1.97	1	0
Salmonella Infections, Animal Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.	0	1.97	1	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)	0	1.97	1	0
Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.	0	2.36	2	0
Spinal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.	0	1.96	1	0
Lupus Vulgaris A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA; BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.	0	2.37	2	0
Diathesis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Hyperpotassemia [description not available]	0	2.88	1	0
Hyperkalemia Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.88	1	0
Fatty Liver with Encephalopathy [description not available]	0	2.88	1	0
Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Ph 1 Chromosome [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of Granulosa Cells [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	0	4.03	3	1
Sertoli Cell Tumor Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).	0	1.96	1	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	0	4.03	3	1
Acute Q Fever [description not available]	0	3.74	2	1
Aplasia Pure Red Cell [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure Suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production.	0	1.96	1	0
Deaf Mutism [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Aseptic Meningitis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.	0	1.96	1	0
Meningitis, Aseptic A syndrome characterized by headache, neck stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis in the absence of an acute bacterial pathogen. Viral meningitis is the most frequent cause although MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; RICKETTSIA INFECTIONS; diagnostic or therapeutic procedures; NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES; septic perimeningeal foci; and other conditions may result in this syndrome. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p745)	0	1.96	1	0
Enlarged Spleen [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Amyotrophic Neuralgia [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Brachial Plexus Neuritis A syndrome associated with inflammation of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical features include severe pain in the shoulder region which may be accompanied by MUSCLE WEAKNESS and loss of sensation in the upper extremity. This condition may be associated with VIRUS DISEASES; IMMUNIZATION; SURGERY; heroin use (see HEROIN DEPENDENCE); and other conditions. The term brachial neuralgia generally refers to pain associated with brachial plexus injury. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1355-6)	0	3.19	6	0
Segond Fracture [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Tibial Fractures Fractures of the TIBIA.	0	1.94	1	0
Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.	0	2.86	1	0
Conjugate Nystagmus [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Glenohumeral Dislocation [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Greater Tuberosity Fractures [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Bunostomiasis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hookworm Infections Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are available.	0	1.94	1	0
Erythroblastosis Fetalis [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Deficiency, Vitamin K [description not available]	0	4.34	3	0
Vitamin K Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)	0	4.34	3	0
Amaurosis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Blindness The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.	0	1.95	1	0
Chorioretinitis Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the vitreous body.	0	1.95	1	0
Death, Sudden The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions.	0	2.35	2	0
Sclerosis, Systemic [description not available]	0	4.02	3	1
Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.	0	4.02	3	1
Celiac Sprue [description not available]	0	4.65	2	1
Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.	0	4.65	2	1
Anemia, Hypochromic Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e., the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning, and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393)	0	4.24	4	1
Favism Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient erythrocytes.	0	2.86	1	0
Deficiency of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [description not available]	0	3.73	2	0
Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes, leading to hemolytic anemia.	0	3.73	2	0
Entrapment Neuropathies [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Icterus Gravis Neonatorum [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Jaundice, Neonatal Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES.	0	2.86	1	0
Menopause The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.	0	1.95	1	0
Microglossia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.63	3	0
Thrombocythemia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Alkalosis A pathological condition that removes acid or adds base to the body fluids.	0	1.94	1	0
Mast-Cell Sarcoma A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow.	0	3.04	5	0
Cancer of Head [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	0	1.94	1	0
Adenitis [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.	0	2.86	1	0
Measles, German [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Hypogammaglobulinemia [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Agammaglobulinemia An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in the blood.	0	2.86	1	0
Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.	0	2.86	1	0
Serum Sickness Immune complex disease caused by the administration of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.	0	2.86	1	0
Diseases of Endocrine System [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Endocrine System Diseases Pathological processes of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, and diseases resulting from abnormal level of available HORMONES.	0	2.64	3	0
Lichen Ruber Planus [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Lichen Planus An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a saw-tooth pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown.	0	2.86	1	0
Neuroses [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Neurotic Disorders Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment.	0	2.35	2	0
Abnormalities, Sex Chromosome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Deficiency Diseases A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.55	3	0
Flatus [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Flatulence Production or presence of gas in the gastrointestinal tract which may be expelled through the anus.	0	3.33	1	1
Esophageal Diseases Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.	0	2.86	1	0
Hyperparathyroidism A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	2.35	2	0
Anal Fissure [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Fissure in Ano A painful linear tear at the margin of the anus. It appears as a crack or slit in the mucous membrane of the anus and is very painful and difficult to heal.	0	1.94	1	0
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Infections, Chlamydia [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Dysentery, Shiga bacillus [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Eperythrozoonosis [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.	0	2.86	1	0
Chlamydia Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.	0	2.86	1	0
Dysentery, Bacillary DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).	0	2.86	1	0
Cor Pulmonale [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Foot Dermatoses Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified.	0	1.95	1	0
Perforated Appendicitis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Appendicitis Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.	0	2.35	2	0
Abnormalities, Congenital [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Lathyrism A paralytic condition of the legs caused by ingestion of lathyrogens, especially BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE or beta-N-oxalyl amino-L-alanine, which are found in the seeds of plants of the genus LATHYRUS.	0	2.63	3	0
Intradural-Extramedullary Spinal Cord Neoplasms [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Spinal Cord Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.	0	1.95	1	0
Bed Sores [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Elevated Cholesterol [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Pressure Ulcer An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the SKIN and TISSUES when one stays in one position for a long period of time, such as lying in bed. The bony areas of the body are the most frequently affected sites which become ischemic (ISCHEMIA) under sustained and constant pressure.	0	1.95	1	0
Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	0	2.35	2	0
Sclerosis A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.	0	2.35	2	0
Chondromalacia Softening and degeneration of the CARTILAGE.	0	3.77	4	0
Cartilage Diseases Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE).	0	3.77	4	0
Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.	0	1.95	1	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	0	2.35	2	0
Leukemia, Radiation-Induced Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION or NON-IONIZING RADIATION.	0	3.55	3	0
Moniliasis, Oral [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Gingival Hyperplasia Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400)	0	1.94	1	0
Candidiasis, Oral Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Parodontosis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.	0	1.95	1	0
Abscess, Peritonsillar [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Intestinal Perforation Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.	0	2.86	4	0
Gastroenteritis INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.	0	1.95	1	0
Vibrio cholerae Infection [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Cholera An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated.	0	2.35	2	0
Foreign-Body Reaction Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around irritating foreign bodies.	0	1.94	1	0
Venous Insufficiency Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.	0	3.33	1	1
Teeth, Impacted [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Lock Jaw [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.	0	3.73	2	0
Ear Infection [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	0	2.86	1	0
Bilharziasis [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Schistosomiasis Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.	0	2.86	1	0
Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.	0	2.86	1	0
Cancer, Radiation-Induced [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Tooth Diseases Diseases involving the TEETH.	0	2.35	2	0
Uterine Prolapse Downward displacement of the UTERUS. It is classified in various degrees: in the first degree the UTERINE CERVIX is within the vaginal orifice; in the second degree the cervix is outside the orifice; in the third degree the entire uterus is outside the orifice.	0	1.94	1	0
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.	0	2.63	3	0
Auricular Flutter [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Dysphagia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Breathlessness [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hyperactivity, Motor [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Paranoia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diseases of Pharynx [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Kussmaul Aphasia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Atrial Flutter Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES).	0	1.94	1	0
Deglutition Disorders Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	1.94	1	0
Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing.	0	1.94	1	0
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	0	1.94	1	0
Aneurysm, Aortic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diaphragmatic Hernia [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Aortitis, Syphilitic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Aortic Aneurysm An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.	0	1.94	1	0
Endometrial Diseases [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Uterine Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.	0	2.35	2	0
Cataract, Membranous [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.35	2	0
Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.	0	1.95	1	0
Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.	0	1.95	1	0
Blood Protein Disorders Hematologic diseases caused by structural or functional defects of BLOOD PROTEINS.	0	1.95	1	0
Hyperlipemia [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.	0	2.35	2	0
Cardiac Tamponade Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.	0	1.95	1	0
Cardiovascular Tuberculosis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Polychondritis, Chronic Atrophic [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Ear Deformities, Acquired Distortion or disfigurement of the ear caused by disease or injury after birth.	0	1.95	1	0
Acquired Nasal Deformities [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Polychondritis, Relapsing An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and can result in deformities such as floppy ear and saddle nose. Loss of cartilage in the respiratory tract can lead to respiratory obstruction.	0	2.35	2	0
Mumps An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	0	2.86	4	0
Leukemia, Plasmacytic [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Leukemia, Plasma Cell A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the peripheral blood. It can be a primary manifestation of multiple myeloma or develop as a terminal complication during the disease.	0	1.95	1	0
Long Sleeper Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Sleep Wake Disorders Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle.	0	3.33	1	1
Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.	0	2.35	2	0
Anemia, Sideroblastic Anemia characterized by the presence of erythroblasts containing excessive deposits of iron in the marrow.	0	1.95	1	0
Psychoses, Drug [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Reticulum Cell-Like Sarcoma, Yoshida [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Inferior Dislocation [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Leg Dermatoses A nonspecific term used to denote any cutaneous lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.33	1	1
Embolism, Fat Blocking of a blood vessel by fat deposits in the circulation. It is often seen after fractures of large bones or after administration of CORTICOSTEROIDS.	0	2.86	1	0
Aneurysm, Arteriovenous [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Pyrosis [description not available]	0	4.65	2	1
Heartburn Substernal pain or burning sensation, usually associated with regurgitation of gastric juice into the esophagus.	0	4.65	2	1
Pulsatile Tinnitus [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Tinnitus A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.	0	3.33	1	1
Rheumatoid Nodule Subcutaneous nodules seen in 20-30% of rheumatoid arthritis patients. They may arise anywhere on the body, but are most frequently found over the bony prominences. The nodules are characterized histologically by dense areas of fibrinoid necrosis with basophilic streaks and granules, surrounded by a palisade of cells, mainly fibroblasts and histiocytes.	0	2.86	1	0
Adenofibroma A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.86	1	0
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available]	0	3.19	6	0
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	0	1.94	1	0
Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood [description not available]	0	3.33	1	1
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321).	0	3.33	1	1
Cyanosis A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule.	0	2.86	1	0
Apnea A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	0	2.86	1	0
Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.	0	3.26	2	0
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of the Vagina [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.	0	1.94	1	0
Vaginal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.	0	1.94	1	0
Thyroid Diseases Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.	0	3.26	2	0
Neoplasms, Bronchial [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Bronchial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.	0	1.94	1	0
Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
EHS Tumor [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
External Ophthalmoplegia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cerebral Concussion [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Aprosodia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Brain Concussion A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418)	0	1.94	1	0
Plasma Cell Tumor [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Plasmacytoma Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites.	0	1.94	1	0
Choreoathetosis Self-Mutilation Hyperuricemia Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders, progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently. Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)	0	1.94	1	0
Glossitis Inflammation of the tongue.	0	1.94	1	0
Jaw Diseases Diseases involving the JAW.	0	1.94	1	0
Oral Manifestations Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral disease or injury.	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of Sigmoid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Anemia, Splenic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Ocular Tuberculosis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Herpes Zoster, Ocular [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the nasociliary nerve.	0	1.94	1	0
Hemorrhagic Shock [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Pneumonia, Viral Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.	0	1.94	1	0
Abscess, Periapical [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Pericementitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)	0	1.94	1	0
Pericoronitis Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth.	0	1.94	1	0
Gastroesophageal Laceration-Hemorrhage [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Calcium Metabolism Disorders Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.	0	1.94	1	0
Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders Disorders in the processing of phosphorus in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.	0	1.94	1	0
Brachial Paresis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Fibrocartilaginous Dysplasia of Bone [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone A disease of bone marked by thinning of the cortex by fibrous tissue containing bony spicules, producing pain, disability, and gradually increasing deformity. Only one bone may be involved (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, MONOSTOTIC) or several (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, POLYOSTOTIC).	0	1.94	1	0
Bleb [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Adult Fanconi Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Situs Inversus A congenital abnormality in which organs in the THORAX and the ABDOMEN are opposite to their normal positions (situs solitus) due to lateral transposition. Normally the STOMACH and SPLEEN are on the left, LIVER on the right, the three-lobed right lung is on the right, and the two-lobed left lung on the left. Situs inversus has a familial pattern and has been associated with a number of genes related to microtubule-associated proteins.	0	1.94	1	0
Infectious Myelitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Respiratory Tract Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	1.94	1	0
Esophagitis, Reflux [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Esophagitis, Peptic INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and DUODENUM.	0	1.94	1	0
Exostoses Benign hypertrophy that projects outward from the surface of bone, often containing a cartilaginous component.	0	1.94	1	0
Neuroma A tumor made up of nerve cells and nerve fibers. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Cornea Injuries [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Corneal Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means.	0	1.94	1	0
Tuberculosis, Renal Infection of the KIDNEY with species of MYCOBACTERIUM.	0	1.94	1	0
Androgenization [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Panophthalmitis Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.	0	1.94	1	0
Ureteral Calculi Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.	0	1.94	1	0
Injuries, Leg [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Myelopathy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.	0	1.94	1	0
Cane-Cutter Fever [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Leptospirosis Infections with bacteria of the genus LEPTOSPIRA.	0	2.34	2	0
Deficiency, Vitamin A [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Vitamin A Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179)	0	1.94	1	0
Meningitis, Tuberculous [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Tuberculosis, Meningeal A form of bacterial meningitis caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute, with progressions occurring over a period of several days or longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits, somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp717-9)	0	1.94	1	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	0	1.94	1	0
Autoimmune Thyroiditis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hemiplegia, Crossed [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hemiplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions; cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body.	0	1.94	1	0
Cold Fingers, Hereditary [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Buerger Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Raynaud Disease An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress.	0	1.94	1	0
Dysesthesia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Benign Hyperglobulinemic Purpura of Waldenstru00F6m [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Trichocephaliasis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Trichuriasis Infection with nematodes of the genus TRICHURIS, formerly called Trichocephalus.	0	1.94	1	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	0	1.94	1	0
Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.	0	1.94	1	0
Thyroiditis Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND. Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS, SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE), transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS subtypes.	0	1.94	1	0
Neuroretinitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).	0	1.94	1	0
Bronze Diabetes [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hemochromatosis A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS. It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Brain Disorders [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	0	1.94	1	0
Diplopia A visual symptom in which a single object is perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one. Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM and OCCIPITAL LOBE.	0	6.94	1	0
Fasciola Infection [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Fascioliasis Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.	0	1.94	1	0
Mitral Incompetence [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Mitral Valve Insufficiency Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.	0	1.94	1	0
Gallstone Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cholelithiasis Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, usually in the gallbladder (CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS) or the common bile duct (CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS).	0	1.94	1	0
Deficiency, Folic Acid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Folic Acid Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of FOLIC ACID in the diet. Many plant and animal tissues contain folic acid, abundant in green leafy vegetables, yeast, liver, and mushrooms but destroyed by long-term cooking. Alcohol interferes with its intermediate metabolism and absorption. Folic acid deficiency may develop in long-term anticonvulsant therapy or with use of oral contraceptives. This deficiency causes anemia, macrocytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. It is indistinguishable from vitamin B 12 deficiency in peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, but the neurologic lesions seen in B 12 deficiency do not occur. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Eye Manifestations Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease or injury.	0	1.94	1	0

phenylbutazone

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