intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:go_curators]

Intracellular membrane-bounded organelles are enclosed compartments within eukaryotic cells that perform specialized functions. They are characterized by the presence of a membrane that separates their internal environment from the cytoplasm. The cellular component of intracellular membrane-bounded organelles encompasses a diverse array of structures, including:

* **Membrane:** The defining feature of these organelles is the lipid bilayer membrane that encloses them. This membrane acts as a selective barrier, regulating the movement of molecules in and out of the organelle. It also serves as a platform for various proteins and enzymes involved in the organelle's function.
* **Internal Environment:** The space enclosed by the membrane contains a specific set of proteins, enzymes, and other molecules that are tailored to the organelle's function. This internal environment is distinct from the cytoplasm and provides an optimal microenvironment for the organelle's processes.
* **Internal Structures:** Many intracellular membrane-bounded organelles have internal structures that further enhance their functionality. For example, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a network of interconnected membranes, while mitochondria have cristae, folds in their inner membrane that increase surface area for ATP production.
* **Association with other Organelles:** Intracellular membrane-bounded organelles often interact with other organelles through direct contact or via the transport of molecules. This interconnectivity allows for coordinated cellular functions.
* **Dynamic Nature:** Intracellular membrane-bounded organelles are dynamic structures that can change their size, shape, and distribution within the cell in response to various stimuli. They can also fuse with or bud off from other organelles, contributing to cellular processes like protein trafficking and degradation.

Specific examples of intracellular membrane-bounded organelles include the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and vacuoles. Each organelle has its unique structure and function, contributing to the overall complexity and functionality of the eukaryotic cell.'
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Proteins (185)

Compounds (2,788)