A lactone having a six-membered lactone ring.
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|
| 2,3-dihydro-3beta-methoxy withaferin A | A withanolide that is 2,3-dihydrowithaferin A substituted by a beta-methoxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis longifolia. | 2,3-dihydro-3beta-methoxy withaferin A |
| 2,3-dihydro-3beta-O-sulfate withaferin A | A withanolide that is 2,3-dihydrowithaferin A substituted by a sulfoxy group at position 3. Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. | 2,3-dihydro-3beta-O-sulfate withaferin A |
| 2,3-dihydrowithaferin A | A withanolide that is the 2,3-dihydro derivative of withaferin A. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis longifolia. | 2,3-dihydrowithaferin A |
| 6-fluoromevalonolactone | | 4-(fluoromethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxanone |
| 7-deacetylgedunin | A limonoid that is the 7-deacetyl derivative of gedunin. It has been isolated from Azadirachta indica. | 7-deacetylgedunin |
| arisugacin | An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 4a,12a-dihydroxy-4,4,6a,12b-tetramethyl-4a,6,6a,12,12a,12b-hexahydro-4H,11H-benzo[f]pyrano[4,3-b]chromene-1,11(5H)-dione substituted by 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 9 (the 4aR,6aR,12aS,12bS steroisomer). Isolated from the culture broth of Penicillium, it acts as a selective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. | arisugacin A |
| beta-erythroidine | An organic heterotetracyclic indole alkaloid isolated from the seeds and other parts of Erythrina species. It differs from the alpha isomer in having the double bond of the dihydropyranone ring located beta,gamma- to the lactone carbonyl group instead of alpha,beta-. | beta-erythroidine |
| calanolide a | An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 11,12-dihydro-2H,6H,10H-dipyrano[2,3-f:2',3'-h]chromen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12, methyl groups at positions 6, 6, 10 and 11 and a propyl group at position 4 (the 10R,11S,12S stereoisomer). Isolated from Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum and Calophyllum brasiliense, it exhibits potent activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. | (+)-calanolide A |
| camptothecin | A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 14, and by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at position 4 (the S enantiomer). | camptothecin |
| chrysopine | A spiroketal and delta-lactone resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-glutamine with the anomeric hydroxy group of D-fructose and substitution of the 1-hydroxy group of the fructose by the alpha-amino group of the glutamine. It is found in crown gall tumours induced in chrysanthemums by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. | chrysopine |
| cleomiscosin a | An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. | cleomiscosin A |
| costatolide | An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 11,12-dihydro-2H,6H,10H-dipyrano[2,3-f:2',3'-h]chromen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12, methyl groups at positions 6, 6, 10 and 11 and a propyl group at position 4 (the 10S,11R,12S stereoisomer). Isolated from Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum and Calophyllum brasiliense, it exhibits potent activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. | (-)-calanolide B |
| coumestan | A member of the class of coumestans that is 6H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromene substituted by an oxo group at position 6. | coumestan |
| coumestrol | A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. | coumestrol |
| decursinol | An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 7,8-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-2-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 7 and two methyl groups at position 8. It is isolated from the roots of Angelica gigas and has been found to possess significant inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme (EC 3.1.1.7). | decursinol |
| delta-valerolactone | The simplest member of the class of delta-lactone that is tetrahydro-2H-pyran substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 5-valerolactone |
| dihydro-beta-erythroidine | An organic heterotetracyclic compound resulting from the partial hydrogenation of the 1,3-diene moiety of beta-erythroidine to give the corresponding 2-ene. | dihydro-beta-erythroidine |
| enmein | | Enmein |
| eurycomanone | A quassinoid isolated from Eurycoma longifolia and has been shown to exhibit antineoplastic and antimalarial activties. | eurycomanone |
| fenofibrate | A benzochromenone that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[f]chromene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It has been found to exhibit potential inhibitory activity against Sir2 proteins. | splitomicin |
| hippeastrine | An indole alkaloid isolated from the Amaryllidaceae family and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity. | hippeastrine |
| irinotecan | A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is the carbamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [1,4'-bipiperidine]-1'-carboxylic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of (4S)-4,11-diethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2- hydrochloride]quinoline-3,14-dione. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride salt trihydrate) in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin, for the treatment of patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas after disease progression following gemcitabine-based therapy. It is converted via hydrolysis of the carbamate linkage to its active metabolite, SN-38, which is ~1000 times more active. | irinotecan |
| lovastatin | A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). | lovastatin |
| methyl brevifolincarboxylate | An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 1,2,3,5-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]isochromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7, 8 and 9, oxo groups at positions 3 and 5 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 1. Isolated from Phyllanthus urinaria and Phyllanthus niruri, it exhibits vasorelaxant activity. | methyl brevifolincarboxylate |
| neoglycyrol | A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 9, a methoxy group at position 3 and a prenyl group at position 2 respectively. | glycyrol |
| nodosin | | Nodosin |
| psoralidin | A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 9 and a prenyl group at position 2 respectively. | psoralidin |
| px-866 | An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is obtained from wortmanin via aminolysis of its furan ring by diallyl amine. | PX-866 |
| rubitecan | A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin. | rubitecan |
| saccharolactone | A delta-lactone that is D-glucono-1,4-lactone in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been oxidised to the corresponding carboxylic acid. | D-glucaro-1,4-lactone |
| simalikalactone D | A quassinoid isolated from Quassia amara and Quassia africana. It has been shown to exhibit antimalarial, cytotoxic and antiviral activities. | simalikalactone D |
| simvastatin | A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. | simvastatin |
| sn 38 | A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself. | SN-38 |
| tubocapsanolide a | A withanolide that is 5beta,6beta:16alpha,17alpha-diepoxywitha-2,24-dienolide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and an oxo group at position 1. Isolated from Tubocapsicum anomalum, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | tubocapsanolide A |
| vernolepin | | Vernolepin |
| vernomenin | | Vernomenin |
| wedelolactone | A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3. | wedelolactone |
| withaferin a | A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 27 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | withaferin A |
| withanolide d | A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 22 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Tubocapsicum anomalum and Withania somnifera, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | withanolide D |
| wortmannin | | wortmannin |