Compounds > glabridin
Page last updated: 2024-11-07

glabridin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Occurs in Manufacturing Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID124052
CHEMBL ID480477
CHEBI ID5369
SCHEMBL ID114869
MeSH IDM0279872

Synonyms (56)

Synonym
BIDD:ER0172
4-((r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b']dipyran-3-yl)-benzene-1,3-diol
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
glabridin ,
59870-68-7
MLS000697609
smr000470944
4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-1,3-benzenediol
LS-176045 ,
1,3-benzenediol, 4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-, (r)-
chebi:5369 ,
CHEMBL480477
LMPK12080012
NCGC00247524-01
HMS2271G14
S3786
unii-hoc5567t41
hoc5567t41 ,
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,8h-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
AKOS015903270
glabridin [who-dd]
glabridin [inci]
1,3-benzenediol, 4-((3r)-3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-
CCG-223443
bdbm50441626
SCHEMBL114869
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
Q-100692 ,
(r)-4-(8,8-dimethyl-2,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-3-yl)benzene-1,3-diol
1,3-benzenediol, 4-[(3r)-3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl]-
AC-31452
mfcd03427694
4-[(3r)-3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl]-1,3-benzenediol
DTXSID00208589 ,
glabridin, analytical standard
glabridin, >=98% (hplc), powder
AS-74264
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-2h,3h,4h,8h-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
(r)-glabridin
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen- 3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
4-[(3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h-pyrano[6,5-f]chromen-3-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
HY-N0393
CS-0008929
Q2386110
kb-289522
1,3-benzenediol,4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl)-,(r)-
HMS3885M04
AMY381
STL566095
(r)-4-(8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,8h-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-3-yl)benzene-1,3-diol
1,3-benzenediol, 4-[(3r)-3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl]-; 1,3-benzenediol, 4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-3-yl)-, (r)-; 2h,8h-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran, 1,3-benzenediol deriv.; 4-[(3r)-3,4-di
1,3-benzenediol,4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-,(r); 4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-1,3-benzenediol
A913838
dtxcid00131080
(r)-4-(3,4-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)-1,3-benzenediol
4-((3r)-8,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,8h-benzo(1,2-b:3,4-b')dipyran-3-yl)benzene-1,3-diol

Research Excerpts

Overview

Glabridin (Glab) is a bioactive component of licorice that can ameliorate diabetes, but its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has seldom been reported. It is a polyphenolic compound with reported anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Glabridin (Glab) is a bioactive component of licorice that can ameliorate diabetes, but its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has seldom been reported. "( Glabridin, a bioactive component of licorice, ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by regulating ferroptosis and the VEGF/Akt/ERK pathways.
Chen, J; Li, G; Li, Y; Liu, L; Tan, H; Zhong, Y, 2022)		3.61
"Glabridin is an isoflavane compound that is widely present in the roots of"( Self-Assembled pH-Responsive Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing the Encapsulation and Anti-Oxidation and Melanogenesis Inhibition Activities of Glabridin.
Chen, L; Liang, H; Liu, L; Liu, Z; Xin, X; Zhao, X, 2022)		1.64
"Glabridin is a prenylated isoflavonoid with considerable anticancer property. "( The toxicity mechanism of glabridin in prostate cancer cells is involved in reactive oxygen species-dependent PI3K/Akt pathway: Integrated utilization of bioinformatic analysis and in vitro test validation.
Li, W; Liang, L; Sang, X; Wang, F; Zhang, F, 2022)		2.46
"Glabridin is an active ingredient extracted from the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra. "( Glabridin inhibits liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cells activation through suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress by activating PPARγ in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice.
Gu, J; Li, H; Sun, J; Xu, W; Yuan, N; Zhang, H; Zhang, L, 2022)		3.61
"Glabridin is a bioactive isoflavan, which has a wide range of biological properties and is widely used in the market of health products and dietary supplements. "( Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolism and the Contribution of the Hepatic First-Pass Effect in the Bioavailability of Glabridin in Rats.
Diao, Z; Jiang, C; Liu, Z; Peng, Y; Song, Z; Sun, J; Wang, G; Wu, Y; Xia, J; Xie, L; Xu, Y; Zhang, J; Zhu, J, 2023)		2.56
"Glabridin is a polyphenolic compound with reported anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. "( Synthetic Glabridin Derivatives Inhibit LPS-Induced Inflammation via MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways in RAW264.7 Macrophages.
Choi, LS; Jeon, HJ; Kim, KW; Kim, SH; Ko, W; Lee, HM; Oh, H; Park, HS; Shin, J, 2023)		2.76
"Glabridin (Gla) is a natural isoflavone that inhibits tyrosinase activity, free radical scavenging, and antioxidation."( Tetrahedral framework nucleic acid loaded with glabridin: A transdermal delivery system applicated to anti-hyperpigmentation.
Cai, X; Chen, W; Chen, X; Guo, B; He, J; Tian, T; Xie, Y; Zhao, Y, 2023)		1.89
"Glabridin is a unique isoflavonoid found only in Glycyrrhiza glabra L. "( Construction of a monoclonal antibody against glabridin (2G4) and development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Butdapheng, K; Choonong, R; Jabsanthia, J; Krittanai, S; Putalun, W; Sakamoto, S, 2023)		2.61
"Glabridin (Gla) is a kind of isoflavone extracted from the licorice root, which has anti-obesity, anti-atherosclerotic, and antioxidative effects."( Glabridin Ameliorates Alcohol-Caused Liver Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via p38 MAPK/Nrf2/NF-κB Pathway.
Chen, S; Duan, Y; Gong, K; Han, J; Liao, C; Wang, M; Yin, Z; Zhang, F; Zhang, M; Zhou, J; Zhu, X, 2023)		3.07
"Glabridin is a major flavonoid, especially found in root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, and has several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects."( Glabridin attenuates airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a mice model of ovalbumin-induced asthma.
Arslan, SO; Cam, SA; Dogan, MF; Parlar, A; Tosun, EM; Uysal, F, 2020)		2.72
"Glabridin is a natural substrate with multiple biological activities."( Glabridin induces overexpression of two major apoptotic genes, MCA1 and NUC1, in Candida albicans.
Abdollahi Gohar, A; Aryamlo, P; Fathi, H; Hedayati, MT; Madani, SM; Moazeni, M; Nabili, M, 2017)		2.62
"Glabridin is a major flavonoid component from licorice which we evaluated by examining GABA responses in acutely isolated dorsal raphe neurons of the rat."( Potentiating effect of glabridin on GABAA receptor-mediated responses in dorsal raphe neurons.
Cho, S; Han, D; Jin, YH; Jin, Z; Kim, IH; Kim, S, 2013)		1.42
"Glabridin is a polyphenolic flavonoid, a main constituent in the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra possesses various biological activities."( Glabridin induces oxidative stress mediated apoptosis like cell death of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
Bawankule, DU; Cheema, HS; Darokar, MP; Khan, F; Pal, A; Prakash, O, 2014)		2.57
"Glabridin is an isoflavan from licorice root, which is a common component of herbal remedies used for treatment of menopausal symptoms. "( Estrogenicity of glabridin in Ishikawa cells.
Chia, YY; Su Wei Poh, M; Viseswaran, N; Voon Chen Yong, P, 2015)		2.2
"Glabridin is a major bioactive phytoconstituent of licorice. "( Development and Validation of HPLC and HPTLC Methods for Estimation of Glabridin in Extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Mukne, AP; Viswanathan, V, )		1.81
"Glabridin is a major flavonoid in Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root, a traditional Asian medicine. "( Glabridin-induced vasorelaxation: Evidence for a role of BK
Aaronson, PI; Chanda, D; Iqbal, H; Prieto-Lloret, J; Singh, A; Snetkov, V; Yadav, P, 2016)		3.32
"Glabridin is a pharmacological active hydrophobic pyranoisoflavan isolated from licorice. "( Preparing glabridin-in-water nanoemulsions by high pressure homogenization with response surface methodology.
Hsieh, CW; Li, PH; Lu, IC; Wang, TH, 2012)		2.22
"Glabridin is a major flavonoid included specifically in licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), and has various physiological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. "( Determination of glabridin in human plasma by solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS.
Aoki, F; Arai, N; Mae, T; Matsuzaki, K; Nakagawa, K; Tanaka, A, 2005)		2.11
"Glabridin is a major constituent of the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, which is commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. "( Role of P-glycoprotein in the intestinal absorption of glabridin, an active flavonoid from the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Cao, J; Chan, E; Chen, X; Huang, M; Li, XT; Liang, J; Sheu, FS; Wei, D; Wen, JY; Xu, AL; Yu, XQ; Yu, XY; Zhou, SF, 2007)		2.03
"Glabridin is a major active constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra which is commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. "( Role of P-glycoprotein in limiting the brain penetration of glabridin, an active isoflavan from the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Cao, J; Chan, E; Chen, X; Chowbay, B; Duan, W; Li, CG; Li, XT; Liang, J; Lin, SG; Wen, JY; Xue, CC; Yu, XQ; Yu, XY; Zhou, SF; Zhou, ZW, 2007)		2.02

Effects

Glabridin (GA) has gained wide application in the cosmetics and food industry. It has multiple pharmacological activities including anti-microbial, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-nephritic.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Glabridin (GA) has gained wide application in the cosmetics and food industry. "( Tissue and species differences in the glucuronidation of glabridin with UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.
Cao, Y; Fang, Z; Ge, G; Gonzalez, FJ; Guo, B; Sun, H; Xia, Y; Xiao, L; Yang, L; Zhu, L, 2015)		2.1
"Glabridin has multiple pharmacological activities including anti-microbial, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-nephritic, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective activities. "( Inhibition of bone marrow-derived dendritic cell maturation by glabridin.
Han, SB; Hong, JT; Kang, JS; Kim, HM; Kim, HS; Kim, JY; Kim, Y; Kim, YJ; Lee, HK; Ryu, HS, 2010)		2.04

Actions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Glabridin plays an anti-inflammatory role in "( Glabridin Inhibits
Lin, J; Peng, X; Tian, X; Zhan, L; Zhao, G, 2023)		3.8

Treatment

Glabridin treatment partially improved the reduced body weight and hyperglycemia of diabetic rats although the differences were not significant. Treatment with glabrid in for 4h induced glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner accompanied by the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"When glabridin was treated together with 17β-E2, synergistic estrogenic effect was observed with a slight decrease in cell proliferation as compared to treatment by 17β-E2 alone."( Estrogenicity of glabridin in Ishikawa cells.
Chia, YY; Su Wei Poh, M; Viseswaran, N; Voon Chen Yong, P, 2015)		1.21
"Glabridin treatment partially improved the reduced body weight and hyperglycemia of diabetic rats although the differences were not significant."( Glabridin as a major active isoflavan from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) reverses learning and memory deficits in diabetic rats.
Hasanein, P, 2011)		2.53
"Treatment with glabridin to C2C12 myotubes inhibited dexamethasone-induced protein degradation through dexamethasone-induced expression of ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1 and Cbl-b, but not atrogin-1."( Glabridin inhibits dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy.
Ashida, H; Kubota, Y; Samukawa, Y; Yamashita, Y; Yoshioka, Y, 2019)		2.3
"Treatment with glabridin for 4h induced glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner accompanied by the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane."( Glabridin induces glucose uptake via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in muscle cells.
Ashida, H; Nakagawa, K; Sawada, K; Yamashita, Y; Zhang, T, 2014)		2.18
"Pretreatment with glabridin, under chronic glucose stress, downregulated the LPS-induced nitric oxide secretion and nitrotyrosine formation, by 39 and 21%, respectively."( Glabridin, an isoflavan from licorice root, downregulates iNOS expression and activity under high-glucose stress and inflammation.
Leikin-Frenkel, A; Madar, Z; Tamir, S; Yehuda, I, 2015)		2.18
"Treatment with glabridin, under high glucose stress, increased PON2 activity by 60% and up-regulated its mRNA expression by 3.5 fold."( Glabridin, a phytoestrogen from licorice root, up-regulates manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase and paraoxonase 2 under glucose stress.
Madar, Z; Szuchman-Sapir, A; Tamir, S; Yehuda, I, 2011)		2.15
"Treatment with glabridin (1-10microM) prevented apoptosis induced by TNF-alpha (10(-10)M) in osteoblastic cells."( The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin increases the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
Choi, EM, 2005)		0.94
"Treatment with glabridin significantly attenuated mortality, loss of body weight, shortening of the colon and severe clinical symptoms."( Glabridin, a functional compound of liquorice, attenuates colonic inflammation in mice with dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis.
Kim, JK; Kwon, HS; Oh, SM, 2008)		2.13
"Co-treatment with glabridin significantly inhibited the staurosporine-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis of cultured rat cortical neurons in a concentration-dependent manner."( In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effect and mechanisms of glabridin, a major active isoflavan from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice).
Du, YM; Li, CG; Liang, J; Xue, CC; Yu, XQ; Zhou, SF; Zhou, ZW, 2008)		0.91

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"These studies demonstrated that LFO is safe when administered once daily up to 1200 mg/day."( Clinical safety of licorice flavonoid oil (LFO) and pharmacokinetics of glabridin in healthy humans.
Aoki, F; Arai, N; Ikematsu, H; Kitano, M; Mae, T; Nakagawa, K; Nakamura, K; Tominaga, Y; Yokota, S, 2007)		0.57
"The study identified the toxic impurities of glabridin and their toxicological mechanism."( Glabrol impurity exacerbates glabridin toxicity in zebrafish embryos by increasing myofibril disorganization.
Guo, Q; Li, X; Liang, W; Liu, X; Tan, J; Wu, S; Yuan, Y; Zhao, H, 2022)		1.27

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The Cmax and AUC(0-24 h) increased almost linearly with dose."( Clinical safety of licorice flavonoid oil (LFO) and pharmacokinetics of glabridin in healthy humans.
Aoki, F; Arai, N; Ikematsu, H; Kitano, M; Mae, T; Nakagawa, K; Nakamura, K; Tominaga, Y; Yokota, S, 2007)		0.57

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" This study was conducted to determine the effect of tomato lycopene alone, or in combination with other natural antioxidants, on LDL oxidation."( Lycopene synergistically inhibits LDL oxidation in combination with vitamin E, glabridin, rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, or garlic.
Aviram, M; Fuhrman, B; Rosenblat, M; Volkova, N, 2000)		0.53

Bioavailability

The systemic bioavailability of glabridin was approximately 7. The bioavailability and clinical application was limited by its low water solubility.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" It has low bioavailability and solubility and therefore is difficult to apply for industry use."( Preparing glabridin-in-water nanoemulsions by high pressure homogenization with response surface methodology.
Hsieh, CW; Li, PH; Lu, IC; Wang, TH, 2012)		0.78
"Various biological activities of glabridin have been reported in literature, however, the bioavailability and clinical application was limited by its low water solubility."( Characterization of glabridin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with robust solubility and enhanced bioactivity.
Bei, W; Li, Y; Liang, H; Wei, Y; Yuan, Q; Zhang, J; Zhou, Y, 2017)		1.06

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"43% of the dosed amount 2 h after the dose."( Absorption of dietary licorice isoflavan glabridin to blood circulation in rats.
Aoki, F; Hashimoto, T; Hosoe, K; Ito, C; Kanazawa, K; Nakabayashi, H; Oi, N; Tominaga, Y; Yokota, S, 2007)		0.61
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Occurs in Manufacturing (1 Items)

ItemProcessFrequency
Dietary supplementscore-ingredient1

Roles (1)

RoleDescription
antiplasmodial drugAn antiparasitic drug which is effective against Apicomplexan parasites in the genus Plasmodium. The genus contains over 200 species and includes those responsible for malaria.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
hydroxyisoflavansA member of the class of isoflavans in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (15)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency50.11870.631035.7641100.0000AID504339
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.18380.01846.806014.1254AID624417
BRCA1Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.22020.89137.722525.1189AID624202
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.51100.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.22020.00527.809829.0929AID588855
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.35640.00419.984825.9290AID504444
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.14340.004611.374133.4983AID624296; AID624297
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.84890.56239.398525.1189AID652106
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.48131.778316.208135.4813AID652104
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)6.40000.16004.292110.0000AID1074430
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)73.40000.00011.753610.0000AID775571
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.00000.00011.41629.9000AID624670
Cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)73.40000.00002.015110.0000AID775571
TyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.09000.02304.459310.0000AID1484036
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)73.40000.00053.49849.7600AID775571
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
HSP40, subfamily A [Plasmodium falciparum 3D7]Plasmodium falciparum 3D7AbsAC1000_uM5.69100.12904.116911.3160AID540271
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (159)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
signal transductionTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
purine nucleobase metabolic processTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciolCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
coumarin metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular organofluorine metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosineTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
eye pigment biosynthetic processTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
visual perceptionTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to UVTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to blue lightTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin DTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanin biosynthetic processTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
thymus developmentTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
response to cAMPTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
pigmentationTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosisTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular protein transportTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to unfolded proteinTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recyclingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor catabolic processTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion homeostasisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
microglial cell activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neutral lipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to iron(II) ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of phospholipase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glutamate secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle primingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmembrane transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of microtubule polymerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
receptor internalizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein destabilizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to magnesium ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of monooxygenase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to type II interferonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of macrophage activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potentialAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic potentiationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to copper ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiber organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinoneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to cell peripheryAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynapse assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synapse organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein phosphorylationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA processingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
RNA splicingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stabilityTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
response to endoplasmic reticulum stressTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleusTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation by host of viral transcriptionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
rhythmic processTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane organizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (67)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
hormone activityTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone bindingTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygenCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
tyrosinase activityTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase D inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
magnesium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
kinesin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
Hsp70 protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
histone bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
tau protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phosphoprotein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dynein complex bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cuprous ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
pre-mRNA intronic bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
molecular condensate scaffold activityTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (43)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
extracellular regionTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumenTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceTransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi-associated vesicleTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanosome membraneTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
melanosomeTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmTyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial cristaTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
sorting endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cell cortexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeletonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
inclusion bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
growth coneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
postsynapseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiberAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
perichromatin fibrilsTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear speckTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
interchromatin granuleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (120)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1516914Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1453623Inhibition of recombinant human PTP1B using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate at 10 uM after 30 mins relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1484046Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1873267Anti-obesity activity in high-fat diet induced C57BL/6J obese mouse model assessed as body weight change at 150 mg/kg, po administered once daily for 4 weeks relative to control2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237Recent advances in natural anti-obesity compounds and derivatives based on in vivo evidence: A mini-review.
AID1516912Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Cryptococcus neoformans 32609 after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID376691Displacement of [3H]DHT from 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone receptor at 50 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
Antibacterial and antiandrogen flavonoids from Sophora flavescens.
AID1484036Inhibition of tyrosinase (unknown origin) using L-tyrosine as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1873264Anti-obesity activity in male C57BL/6 mouse model of high-fat diet induced obesity assessed as body weight change at 150 mg/kg, po administered once a day for 4 weeks relative to control2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237Recent advances in natural anti-obesity compounds and derivatives based on in vivo evidence: A mini-review.
AID624670Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 measured by 7BFC O-debenzylation2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID1516922Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida glabrata ATCC1182 after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID398784Antibacterial activity against Salmonella gallinarum ATCC 9184 at 100 mcg/ml by agar-dilution streak method
AID749999Binding affinity to recombinant paraoxonase-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli after 5 mins by Trp-fluorescence quenching method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
The effects and mechanism of flavonoid-rePON1 interactions. Structure-activity relationship study.
AID398785Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 at 100 mcg/ml by agar-dilution streak method
AID376692Displacement of [3H]DHT from 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone receptor at 100 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
Antibacterial and antiandrogen flavonoids from Sophora flavescens.
AID1516911Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida albicans after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1516915Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida krusei ATCC2340 after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1453615Growth inhibition of human SW480 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1484039Activation of Nrf2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells at 10 uM after 6 hrs by ARE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1453625Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase at 10 uM using L-tyrosine as substrate incubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1453616Growth inhibition of human HepG2 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1516913Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida tropicalis 2718 after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1484047Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1516920Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1372434Antitussive activity in ammonia liquor-induced cough ICR mouse model assessed as reduction in cough frequency at 50 mg/kg, po treated with ammonia 1 hr before and 2.5 hrs after test compound dosing measured for 3 mins relative to control2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 26, Issue:1
Antitussive and expectorant activities of licorice and its major compounds.
AID1463920Activation of Nrf2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HepG2 cells at 10 uM incubated for 6 hrs by ARE-driven luciferase reporter gene assay relative to untreated control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Nrf2 activators from Glycyrrhiza inflata and their hepatoprotective activities against CCl
AID1516916Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida glabrata ATCC1182 after 24 to 72 hrs by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1484045Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID376688Inhibition of testosterone-5-alpha-reductase at 50 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
Antibacterial and antiandrogen flavonoids from Sophora flavescens.
AID1301457Inhibition of NFkappaB transcription in human SW480 cells at by luciferase reporter gene assay2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Bioactive Constituents of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Licorice): Discovery of the Effective Components of a Traditional Herbal Medicine.
AID398780Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13709 at 100 mcg/ml by agar-dilution streak method
AID1453621Inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB transcription (unknown origin) expressed in human SW480 cells at 10 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1484034Inhibition of tyrosinase (unknown origin) using L-tyrosine as substrate at 10 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1484040Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Griess assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID398781Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 9637 at 100 mcg/ml by agar-dilution streak method
AID398787Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 by agar-dilution streak method
AID775571Inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin) using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21
Evaluation of licorice flavonoids as protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors.
AID1372143Inhibition of human CYP1B1 expressed in yeast microsomal membranes at 10 uM using 7-ethoxyresorufin as substrate by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID1453626Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate incubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID376689Inhibition of testosterone-5-alpha-reductase at 100 ug/mL1999Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 62, Issue:12
Antibacterial and antiandrogen flavonoids from Sophora flavescens.
AID1516918Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Cryptococcus neoformans 32609 after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1516919Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida tropicalis 2718 after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1074430Inhibition of transthyretin V30M mutant (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as inhibition of sodium acetate-mediated aggregation preincubated for 30 mins followed by sodium acetate addition measured after 96 hrs by thioflavin T assay2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-13, Volume: 57, Issue:3
Crystal structures of human transthyretin complexed with glabridin.
AID1301456Inhibition of NFkappaB transcription in human SW480 cells at 10 uM by luciferase reporter gene assay2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Bioactive Constituents of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Licorice): Discovery of the Effective Components of a Traditional Herbal Medicine.
AID1453614Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1453610Growth inhibition of human LO2 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1453619Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID624669Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 CYP2B6 measured by 7-EFC O-deethylation activity2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID398782Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 9637 by agar-dilution streak method
AID1516921Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida krusei ATCC2340 after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1453609Growth inhibition of human HEK293T cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 25, Issue:14
Screening for bioactive natural products from a 67-compound library of Glycyrrhiza inflata.
AID1484048Antiproliferative activity against human SW480 cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs by MTS assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID1372142Inhibition of recombinant human CYP1A1 expressed in yeast microsomal membranes at 10 uM by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID749998Binding affinity to recombinant paraoxonase-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
The effects and mechanism of flavonoid-rePON1 interactions. Structure-activity relationship study.
AID1484042Inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB (unknown origin) transactivation expressed in human SW480 cells at 10 uM administered 1 hr after LPS stimulation measured after 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID398779Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13709 by agar-dilution streak method
AID398790Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by agar-dilution streak method
AID1484037Inhibition of recombinant human PTP1B using pNPP as substrate at 10 uM after 30 mins relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 02-24, Volume: 80, Issue:2
Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra.
AID749997Activation of recombinant paraoxonase-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as delaying of Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation time after 15 mins by UV ELISA2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
The effects and mechanism of flavonoid-rePON1 interactions. Structure-activity relationship study.
AID1516917Synergistic antifungal activity against FLC-resistant Candida albicans after 24 to 72 hrs in presence of FLC by checkerboard microbroth dilution method2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 29, Issue:19
Recent advances in natural antifungal flavonoids and their derivatives.
AID1347352COV-362 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347346HPAF-II Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347361HEK293 12hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347377DH5-alpha competent E. coli microbial cell viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347387Cytotoxicity qHTS for assessment of Hepg2 cells membrane integrity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347359HEK293 24hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347389qHTS assay for small molecule disruptors of mitochondrial membrane potential screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347368G06 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347391qHTS for activators of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347392qHTS for activators of dead-cell proteases activity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347349Panc-1005 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347394Vero-766 cells viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library: Counterscreen for Zika virus inhibition assay2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347356HPAF-II 24hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347363Firefly luciferase counterscreen qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347381Inflammasome Signaling qHTS Counterscreen: IL-1-beta AlphaLISA counterscreen against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347393qHTS for inhibitors of ER calcium dysfunction: SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347347UWB1.289 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347370qHTS for ATAD5 Antagonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347400Viability qHTS for inhibitors of the SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347373qHTS for Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) Agonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347402qHTS for inhibitors of Rabies Virus screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347379qHTS for Inflammasome Signaling Inhibitors: IL-1-beta AlphaLISA screen against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347364KB-8-5-11 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347372qHTS for Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) Antagonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347371J3T Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347375qHTS for Hypoxia signaling pathway (HIF-1) agonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347388qHTS for Activators of p53 Stress Response Pathway screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347362Diaphorse counterscreen qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347390Secretion counterscreen for inhibitors of the SERCaMP assay screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347365SDT Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347160Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347369MCF7 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347366KB-3-1 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347380qHTS for Antimalaria activity screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347360HPAF-II 18hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347358HPAF-II 12hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347357HEK293 18hr Apoptosis Induction qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347348OV-SAHO Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347396qHTS for inhibitors of Wild type Zika virus screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID134737610-beta competent E. coli microbial cell viability qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347351U-118MG Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347374qHTS for Hypoxia signaling pathway (HIF-1) antagonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347353A2780 Cisplatin Sensitive Ovarian Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347355HEK-293 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347367qHTS for ATAD5 Agonist screened against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347354UWB1.289-WTBRCA1 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347345OV-KATE Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347378qHTS for H2AX Agonists against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347401Redox Reaction Profiling qHTS: Assay Interference Panel against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID1347350SW1088 Cancer Cell Toxicity qHTS against the NCATS CANVASS Library2018ACS central science, Dec-26, Volume: 4, Issue:12
Canvass: A Crowd-Sourced, Natural-Product Screening Library for Exploring Biological Space.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (167)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's7 (4.19)18.2507
2000's31 (18.56)29.6817
2010's84 (50.30)24.3611
2020's45 (26.95)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 32.36

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index32.36 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.18 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.17 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index83.53 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index3.99 (0.95)

This Compound (32.36)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials4 (2.33%)5.53%
Reviews7 (4.07%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (0.58%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other160 (93.02%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		2.0810amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
formic acid
formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.		2.4110monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		2.1710trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.05102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		2.4110elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
indoleacetic acid
indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.		2.1710indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
pyruvaldehyde
Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.		2.13102-oxo aldehyde;
propanals		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		2.110alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
melatonin
[no description available]		2.1710acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
n-acetylserotonin
N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.		2.1710acetamides;
N-acylserotonin;
phenols		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
naringenin
[no description available]		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
trihydroxyflavanone
parathion
[no description available]		3.1210C-nitro compound;
organic thiophosphate;
organothiophosphate insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
avicide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite
phenethylamine
phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.		2.1710alkaloid;
aralkylamine;
phenylethylamine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tryptamine
[no description available]		2.1710aminoalkylindole;
aralkylamino compound;
indole alkaloid;
tryptamines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		2.3110isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		2.0810hydroxyflavan
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
[no description available]		2.1710catechin
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.		3.1210amphetamines;
benzodioxoles		neurotoxin
hydroxyindoleacetic acid
(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.		2.1710indole-3-acetic acidsdrug metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
5-methoxytryptamine
5-Methoxytryptamine: Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.. 5-methoxytryptamine : A member of the class of tryptamines that is the methyl ether derivative of serotonin.		2.1710aromatic ether;
primary amino compound;
tryptamines		5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
radiation protective agent;
serotonergic agonist
7,8-dihydroxyflavone
7,8-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A naturally occurring flavonoid produced by several plants, including the weed Tridax procumbens (coalbuttons or tridax daisy) and the tree Godmania aesculifolia, In animal models, it has shown efficacy against several diseases of the nervous system, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's.		3.7620dihydroxyflavoneantidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
4',7-dihydroxyflavanone
[no description available]		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
polyphenol		Brassica napus metabolite;
fungal xenobiotic metabolite
tacrine
Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		3.1210acridines;
aromatic amine		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane): water-soluble free-radical initiator		2.420monoazo compound
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		2.4110acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		3.12101-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
arecoline
Arecoline: An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.. arecoline : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine.		2.1710enoate ester;
methyl ester;
pyridine alkaloid;
tetrahydropyridine		metabolite;
muscarinic agonist
benzyl isothiocyanate
benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma		3.1210benzenes;
isothiocyanate		antibacterial drug
bepridil
Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.		1.9910pyrrolidines;
tertiary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		3.12105-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		3.8230aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		2.31101,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		3.1210aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		3.1210dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		2.08101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		3.1210amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		2.110monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		3.1210organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		3.1210branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		8.6420conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		2.0810ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		3.1210(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
furafylline
[no description available]		3.1210oxopurine
guaifenesin
Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.		2.1710methoxybenzenes
halothane
[no description available]		3.1210haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline
Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.		2.1710harmala alkaloidoneirogen
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		3.1210primary amine
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		3.1210aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.		2.31103-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		3.1210carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
kojic acid
[no description available]		2.03104-pyranones;
enol;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
skin lightening agent
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		3.1210aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		3.1210benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
clorgyline
Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.		3.1210aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		3.1210aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nisoxetine
nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		7.3110fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		3.1210organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
octopamine
Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates.		2.1710phenylethanolamines;
tyramines		neurotransmitter
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		2.0810barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
piracetam
Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.		2.0410organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
raloxifene
raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.		3.12101-benzothiophenes;
aromatic ketone;
N-oxyethylpiperidine;
phenols		bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		2.0110benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
secobarbital
Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.		3.1210barbituratesanaesthesia adjuvant;
GABA modulator;
sedative
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		3.1210aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		3.1210aziridines
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		3.1210monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tyramine
[no description available]		2.1710monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		3.1210aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		2.0810imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
thymidine
[no description available]		1.9910pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0410organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		7.4110chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		3.1210C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		3.121017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.3110phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		2.7430amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
n-methyltryptamine
N-methyltryptamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710tryptamine alkaloid;
tryptamines		metabolite
ficusin
Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.		3.1210psoralensplant metabolite
acetylene
[no description available]		3.1210alkyne;
gas molecular entity;
terminal acetylenic compound
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		3.1210benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		3.1210chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
cumene hydroperoxide
cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.		3.1210peroxolenvironmental contaminant;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
oxidising agent
gramine
gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.		2.1710aminoalkylindole;
indole alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		2.1310pyrrolidin-2-ones
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		2.1710methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		3.1210dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		3.8730catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
galantamine
Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.		2.1310benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to curare poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
methyl-4-tyramine
methyl-4-tyramine: found in barley malt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.1710tyraminesmouse metabolite
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		3.7620cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		3.1210phthalazines
beta-nicotyrine
[no description available]		3.1210pyridines
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		3.5110hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
luminol
Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.		2.0110
flavone
flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.		3.5520flavonesmetabolite;
nematicide
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		2.4220dialdehydebiomarker
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		3.3110flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
n-methylphenethylamine
N-methylphenethylamine: substrate for type A & B monoamine oxidase; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710
alpha-naphthoflavone
alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).		3.1210extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		2.5720acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		3.1210cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		2.1110glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		3.4670enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		2.9240alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
n-methylcarbazole
N-methylcarbazole: RN given refers to cpd with methyl group in position 9		3.1210
2-tert-butylhydroquinone
2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group.		2.5420hydroquinonesfood antioxidant
phenethyl isothiocyanate
phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.		3.1210isothiocyanateantineoplastic agent;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid
Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.. UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid : A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component.		2.0310UDP-D-glucuronic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tabersonine
[no description available]		2.1710alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
copper sulfate
Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.		210metal sulfateemetic;
fertilizer;
sensitiser
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		3.1210selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
pedalitin
pedalitin: has antioxidant activity; isolated from Rabdosia japonica; structure in first source. pedalitin : A tetrahydroxy-monohydroxy-flavone, with the four hydroxy groups at C-3',-4',-5 and 6, and the methoxy group at C-7. It has been isolated from a number of plant species, including Eremosparton songoricum, Rabdosia japonica and Ruellia tuberosa.		3.3110monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.610glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
4-ethynylbiphenyl
4-ethynylbiphenyl: structure given in first source		3.1210
4-ipomeanol
4-ipomeanol: lung-toxic furanoterpenoid produced in moldy sweet potatoes in response to fungus infection; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.1210aromatic ketone
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		7.610taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		2.1510beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		3.1210aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		3.12105-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		3.1210aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
oltipraz
oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.		3.12101,2-dithiole;
pyrazines		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimutagen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin;
protective agent;
schistosomicide drug
raloxifene hydrochloride
Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.		2.4220hydrochloridebone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		3.12103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
imiquimod
Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.		7.1710imidazoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
interferon inducer
zileuton
[no description available]		3.12101-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		3.1210methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
mibefradil
Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.		3.1210tetralinsT-type calcium channel blocker
irinotecan
[no description available]		3.8730carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		3.1210aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
ursolic acid
[no description available]		2.8330hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
betulinic acid
[no description available]		2.1710hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
baicalin
[no description available]		3.3110dihydroxyflavone;
glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antiatherosclerotic agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
amprenavir
[no description available]		3.1210carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		3.3110flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
salvin
salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae)		210abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
food preservative;
HIV protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose
pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.		2.1710gallate ester;
galloyl beta-D-glucose		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent;
radical scavenger
rutecarpine
rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules		3.1210beta-carbolines
dexverapamil
dexverapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has R configuration. It competitively inhibits the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (MDR-1, EC 3.6.3.44), thereby potentially increasing the effectiveness of a wide range of antineoplastic drugs which are inactivated by MDR-1 mechanisms. Dexverapamil exhibits lower calcium antagonistic activity and toxicity than racemic verapamil.		3.12102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrileEC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine: causes NADPH-& time-dependent in vitro loss of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450; do not confuse with etoprine, also called DDEP		3.1210
hesperetin
[no description available]		2.08103'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
narciclasine
narciclasine: antitumor alkaloid from bulbs of Narcissus species		3.5110phenanthridinesmetabolite
isoalantolactone
isoalantolactone: RN given refers to (3aR-(3aalpha,4aalpha,8abeta,9aalpha))-isomer; structure. isoalantolactone : A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group. It has been isolated from Inula helenium.		3.5110eudesmane sesquiterpenoid;
sesquiterpene lactone		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
gliclazide
18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid: a gap junction inhibitor		2.4920
maslinic acid
(2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria		3.7620dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
5-phenyl-1-pentyne
[no description available]		3.1210
tamiflu
[no description available]		2.1310phosphate salt
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		3.1210macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
asperuloside
asperuloside : A iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum.		3.5110acetate ester;
beta-D-glucoside;
gamma-lactone;
iridoid monoterpenoid;
monosaccharide derivative		metabolite
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		3.12103-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
carbetapentane citrate
[no description available]		2.1710carbonyl compound
lekoptin
(S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.		3.12102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
lopinavir
[no description available]		3.1210amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile: structure in first source. D617 : A nitrile that is pentanenitrile substituted by a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 2, a methylamino group at position 4 and an isopropyl group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug verapamil.		3.1210dimethoxybenzene;
nitrile;
secondary amino compound		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
quindoline
quindoline: a fused indole-quinoline alkaloid from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta; structure		2.1710
diphyllin
diphyllin: extract of Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb), a highly poisonous plant; do not confuse with diphyllin or diphylline which is the main heading AMINOPHYLLINE; do not confuse with the theophylline derivative DYPHYLLINE		3.5110lignan
sn 38
SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.		3.1210delta-lactone;
phenols;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
norverapamil
norverapamil: N-demethylated active metabolite of verapamil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in second source. norverapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-norverapamil. The major active metabolite of verapamil.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A secondary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
tryptoline
tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.1710beta-carbolines
n-monodemethyldiltiazem
N-monodemethyldiltiazem: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source		3.1210benzothiazepine
kt 5823
KT 5823: indolocarbazole; activates human neutrophils & fails to inhibit cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of vimentin. KT 5823 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of methyl (3R)-3-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2S,3R,5R product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1-methyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.		2.3110gamma-lactam;
hemiaminal;
indolocarbazole;
methyl ester;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		EC 2.7.11.12 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
liquiritigenin
liquiritigenin: structure given in first source; isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium. 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.. liquiritigenin : A dihydroxyflavanone compound having the two hydroxy substituents at the 4'- and 7-positions. Isolated from the root of Glycyrrhizae uralensis, it is a selective agonist for oestrogen receptor beta.		3.39604',7-dihydroxyflavanonehormone agonist;
plant metabolite
tanshinone
tanshinone: from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; RN given refers to tanshinone I; cardioprotective agent and neuroprotective agent		3.5110abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
pumiliotoxin c
pumiliotoxin C: isolated from skin of Dendrobates pumilio (frog); see also records for pumiliotoxin A, pumiliotoxin B & pumiliotoxins		2.1710
2-ethynylnaphthalene
2-ethynylnaphthalene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		3.1210
diazaquinomycin a
diazaquinomycin A: structure given in first source		2.1710quinolone
celastrol
[no description available]		3.5110monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
peroxynitrous acid
Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).		3.1210nitrogen oxoacid
fraxinellone
fraxinellone: structure given in first source; RN given for (3R-cis)-isomer		2.17102-benzofurans
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone: porphyrinogenic agent; structure given in first source		3.1210
methotrexate
[no description available]		7.3110dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
6-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)-7-methyl-2,3,7-trichloro-1-octene
6-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)-7-methyl-2,3,7-trichloro-1-octene: structure given in first source		2.1710monoterpenoid;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
schisantherin a
[no description available]		3.1210tannin
1-ethynylpyrene
1-ethynylpyrene: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/84		3.1210
pseudonicotine
pseudonicotine: structure. (R)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has R-configuration.		2.17103-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine
diallyl sulfone
diallyl sulfone: metabolite of diallyl sulfide		3.1210
isoflavanone
isoflavanone: structure given in first source; RN from CA Index Guide. isoflavanone : Isoflavone in which the double bond between positions 2 and 3 has been reduced to a single bond.		2.0210isoflavanones
deferrioxamine e
deferrioxamine E: may act as siderophore in Streptomyces. desferrioxamine E : A cyclic hydroxamic acid siderophore that is produced by several bacterial species and exhibits antitumour activity.		2.1710cyclic desferrioxamine;
cyclic hydroxamic acid;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite;
siderophore
4'-hydroxyflavanone
4'-hydroxyflavanone: structure in first source. 4'-hydroxyflavanones : Any hydroxyflavanone having a hydroxy substituent located at position 4'.		2.17104'-hydroxyflavanones;
monohydroxyflavanone
l 694,458
DMP 777: structure given in first source		3.1210
limonin
[no description available]		3.1210epoxide;
furans;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		inhibitor;
metabolite;
volatile oil component
9-ethynylphenanthrene
9-ethynylphenanthrene: structure given in first source		3.1210
dihydrocubebin
dihydrocubebin: extract of leaves of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn.; structure. dihydrocubebin : A glycol that is butane-1,4-diol substituted at the 2- and 3-positions by (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl groups (the R,R-configuration).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butanediols;
glycol;
lignan
hydrastine
[no description available]		3.1210isoquinolinesmetabolite
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		3.1210acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
atorvastatin calcium
2-phenyl-2-(1-piperidinyl)propane: cytochromes P450 2B1 and P450 2B6 antagonist; structure in first source		3.1210
3-nitrotyrosine
3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		2.49202-nitrophenols;
C-nitro compound;
nitrotyrosine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
lupeol
[no description available]		2.1710pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite
withaferin a
withaferin A: an antiestrogen and phytogenic antineoplastic agent isolated from leaves of Withania somnifera Dun.; structure. withaferin A : A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 27 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		3.511027-hydroxy steroid;
4-hydroxy steroid;
delta-lactone;
enone;
epoxy steroid;
ergostanoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
withanolide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
menthofuran
menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.		3.12101-benzofurans;
monoterpenoid		nematicide;
plant metabolite
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		3.12101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
crinine
crinine: structure in first source		2.1710alkaloid
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		2.8130(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
strychnine
Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.		2.1710monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		avicide;
cholinergic antagonist;
glycine receptor antagonist;
neurotransmitter agent;
rodenticide
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		2.0310cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		3.1210L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
hyperforin
hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.		3.5110
abyssinone i
abyssinone I: anti-oxidant and cytotoxic compound from East African medicinal plant Erythrina abyssinica; structure in first source. abyssinone I : A monohydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-2',2'-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-2'H,4H-2,6'-bichromen-4-one carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 7.		2.1510monohydroxyflavanone;
phenols		apoptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite
micheliolide
micheliolide: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.1710sesquiterpene lactone
vicenin ii
vicenin: isolated from the leaves of the Indian plant Ocimum sanctum were tested for their radioprotective effect in mice. isovitexin 8-C-beta-glucoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.0810C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
yatein
yatein: isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris; structure in first source. dihydroanhydropodorhizol : A member of the class of butan-4-olides carrying 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl and (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively.		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butan-4-olide;
lignan;
methoxybenzenes		plant metabolite
hinokinin
hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
gamma-lactone;
lignan		trypanocidal drug
pancracine
pancracine: structure in first source		2.1710isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent;
isoquinoline alkaloid
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		3.5720resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		2.1710ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
lycopene
[no description available]		7.420acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.		2.8330amino aldehyde;
carbamate ester;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
ganoderic acid a
[no description available]		3.5110triterpenoid
glabrene
glabrene: structure in first source		3.4170isoflavonoid
gancaonin I
gancaonin I : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans which consists of 1-benzofuran substituted by methoxy groups at positions 4 and 6, a prenyl group at position 5 and a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis.		2.13101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
resorcinols		antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
6,8-diprenylgenistein
6,8-diprenylgenistein: a lysoPAF acetyltransferase inhibitor isolated from licorice root; structure in first source. 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is genistein substituted by prenyl groups at positions 6 and 8. It has been isolated from Derris scandens and Glycyrrhiza uralensis.		8.1407-hydroxyisoflavonesantibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
glycyrin
glycyrin: has antibacterial, antiviral, and hypotensive activities; isolated from licorice. glycyrin : A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a prenyl group at position 6 and a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 3. Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, it exhibits antibacterial activity.		2.1310aromatic ether;
coumarins;
hydroxyisoflavans		antibacterial agent;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
glyasperin D
glyasperin D : A member of the class of hydroxyisoflavans that is (R)-isoflavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 4', methoxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a prenyl group at position 6. It has been isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis.		2.1310aromatic ether;
hydroxyisoflavans;
methoxyisoflavan		plant metabolite
licoricidin
licoricidin: a lysoPAF acetyltransferase inhibitor isolated from licorice root; structure in first source. licoricidin : A member of the class of hydroxyisoflavans that is R-isoflavan with hydroxy groups at positions 7, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 5 and prenyl groups at positions 6 and 3'. Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, it exhibits antibacterial activity.		2.1310aromatic ether;
hydroxyisoflavans;
methoxyisoflavan		antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
Euchrestaflavanone A
[no description available]		2.8130flavanones
licocoumarone
licocoumarone: has anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis; structure in first source. licocoumarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans which consists of 1-benzofuran substituted by a hydroxy group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 4, a prenyl group at position 5 and a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis.		2.13101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
resorcinols		antibacterial agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
likviriton
liquiritin: isoalted from Glycyrrhizae radix. liquiritin : A flavanone glycoside that is liquiritigenin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage.		2.5220beta-D-glucoside;
flavanone glycoside;
monohydroxyflavanone;
monosaccharide derivative		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
plant metabolite
cinnamaldehyde
3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.		2.6103-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		4.1340chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
piperine
piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.		2.1710benzodioxoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary carboxamide		food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
stilbenes
Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.		2.1710stilbene
isoliquiritigenin
[no description available]		8.7190chalconesantineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
GABA modulator;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor antagonist
trichodermamide b
trichodermamide B: from cultures of the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma virens; structure in first source		2.1710
xanthoangelol
xanthoangelol: from Angelica keiskei; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer		2.2510
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		3.1210olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		2.8330aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		3.12101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		3.1210capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		2.0310cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
tamoxifen
[no description available]		9.0440stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		1.9910
helvolic acid
helvolic acid: structure. helvolic acid : A steroid C-21 acid having a 29-nordammarane skeleton substituted with an acetoxy group at C-16 and oxo groups at C-3 and -7, with double bonds at C-1, -17(20) and -24.		2.17103-oxo-Delta(1) steroid;
acetate ester;
monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid		antibacterial agent;
fungal metabolite;
mycotoxin
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		3.1210steroidestrogen
mitragynine
[no description available]		2.1710monoterpenoid indole alkaloid
desdimethyltamoxifen
N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen: structure in first source		3.1210stilbenoid
paynantheine
paynantheine: structure in first source		2.1710
chimonanthine
chimonanthine: structure in first source. chimonanthine : A ring assembly that is 2,2',3,3',8,8',8a,8a'-octahydro-1H,1'H-3a,3a'-bipyrrolo[2,3-b]indole substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 1'.		2.1710chimonanthine
isoschaftoside
isoschaftoside: structure in first source. isoschaftoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is apigenin substituted at positions 6 and 8 by alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues respectively.		2.0810C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
silybin
[no description available]		3.1210
ovalbumin
Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.		2.6920
osteoprotegerin
Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.		2.0810long-chain fatty acid
3-deoxyisoochracinic acid
3-deoxyisoochracinic acid: structure in first source		2.1710
leachianone g
leachianone G: structure in first source. leachianone G : A tetrahydroxyflavanone having the hydroxy groups at the 2'-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions and a prenyl group at 8-position.		210(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone
sphingosine
sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.		7.0310sphing-4-eninehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
quercetin
[no description available]		9.39607-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		2.4620prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
bergaptol
5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.		3.12105-hydroxyfurocoumarin;
psoralens
formononetin
[no description available]		4.2404'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		3.6320trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		3.91303'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		2.4220D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
quercitrin
[no description available]		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		1.9910carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		2.0610dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
2'-hydroxyformononetin
2'-hydroxyformononetin : A member of the class of 4'-methoxyisoflavones that is formononetin with a hydroxy group at the 2'position.		2.55204'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		anti-inflammatory agent
luteolin-7-glucoside
luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.1710beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells		3.6320beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antipruritic drug;
bone density conservation agent;
geroprotector;
histamine antagonist;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		3.6920disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
kaempferol
[no description available]		3.92307-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
harmine
Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.		2.1710harmala alkaloidanti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		4.44607-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		3.3110antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
butein
[no description available]		3.5110chalcones;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
isobavachalcone
isobavachalcone: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source. isobavachalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'.		4.3450chalcones;
polyphenol		antibacterial agent;
metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
apigenin dimethylether
apigenin dimethylether: a dimethoxy analog of apigenin from roots of Rhus undulata and possibly other plants. apigenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether : A dimethoxyflavone that is the 7,4'-dimethyl ether derivative of apigenin.		3.3110dimethoxyflavone;
monohydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		3.6920trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
fisetin
[no description available]		3.69203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
hyperoside
quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.		3.3110beta-D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
myricetin
[no description available]		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
food component;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
myricitrin
myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
pentahydroxyflavone		anti-allergic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
wogonin
wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8.		3.6920dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
7-hydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone
afromosin: structure given in first source; isolated from Wistaria brachybotrys. afrormosin : A 4'-methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 4' and a hydroxy group at position 7.		2.08104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		2.75307-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol		2.1710stilbenoid
licoisoflavone a
licoisoflavone A: from Sophra mooracroftiana; structure in first source. licoisoflavone A : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7-hydroxyisoflavone substituted by additional hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'.		2.55207-hydroxyisoflavonesmetabolite
wighteone
wighteone : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 4' and a prenyl group at position 6. It has been isolated from Ficus mucuso.		2.55207-hydroxyisoflavonesantifungal agent;
plant metabolite
4',7-dihydroxyflavone
4',7-dihydroxyflavone: inducer of nod gene. 4',7-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.		2.8130dihydroxyflavonemetabolite
astragalin
kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage.		2.0810beta-D-glucoside;
kaempferol O-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
thromboxane b2
Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.		2.0610thromboxanes Bhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sphingosine 1-phosphate
sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R*,S*-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89. sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1		2.0310sphingoid 1-phosphatemouse metabolite;
signalling molecule;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist;
T-cell proliferation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone
3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone: from Streptomyces sp OH-1049; structure given in first source. 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone : A 7-hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3'.		3.73207-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
cytochalasin b
Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.		2.1710cytochalasin;
lactam;
lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		actin polymerisation inhibitor;
metabolite;
mycotoxin;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
onapristone
onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
corylin
corylin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; structure in first source		3.5110
kaempferol 3-o-rhamnoside
kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside: from apple (Malus domestica) leaves; structure in first source. afzelin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.1710glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
lupiwighteone
lupiwighteone: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.5520isoflavones
eurycarpin b
eurycarpin B: from the roots of Glycyrrhiza eurycarpa; structure in first source		3.0440isoflavonoid
glycycoumarin
glycycoumarin: from the root of Glycyrrhizae Radix, acts as a potent antispasmodic through inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3; structure in first source. glycycoumarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group at position 7, a methoxy group at position 5, a prenyl group at position 6 and a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 3. Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, it exhibits antispasmodic activity.		2.7830aromatic ether;
coumarins;
resorcinols		antispasmodic drug;
plant metabolite
andrographolide
[no description available]		8.6411carbobicyclic compound;
gamma-lactone;
labdane diterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
Isolicoflavonol
[no description available]		2.1310flavones
licochalcone a
licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer		9.7180chalcones
licochalcone b
licochalcone B: isolated from Glycyrrhiza inflata; inhibits phosphorylation of NF-kappaB p65 in LPS signaling pathway; structure in first source		2.8130chalcones
Licoflavone A
[no description available]		3.0640flavones
7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyisoflavone
7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyisoflavone : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7,4'-dihydroxyisoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 3'. It is isolated from the heart woods of Maackia amurensis subsp buergeri and Dalbergia louveli and exhibits antiplasmodial ativity.		2.15107-hydroxyisoflavones;
methoxyisoflavone		antiplasmodial drug;
metabolite
apigenin-7-o-beta-d-glucuronide
[no description available]		3.3110flavonoids;
glucosiduronic acid
neoglycyrol
neoglycyrol: structure given in first source; from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. glycyrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 9, a methoxy group at position 3 and a prenyl group at position 2 respectively.		2.1310aromatic ether;
coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.		2.1710dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone
3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone: from the Sudanese medicinal plant Albizia zygia; structure in first source		2.0810flavones
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		3.1210(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
methyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxystyryl ketone
methyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxystyryl ketone: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.610hydroxycinnamic acid
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		3.1210dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
radicinin
radicinin: mold metabolite from plant pathogen Stemphylium radicinum; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3beta,7E))-isomer; structure		2.1710aromatic ketone
calycanthine
calycanthine: the principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae; RN given refers to (4bS)-(4balpha,5alpha,10balpha,11alpha)-isomer. calycanthine : The principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae.		2.1710aminal;
calycanthaceous alkaloid;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
deoxyribose
[no description available]		2.0810deoxypentosehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
bergamottin
bergamottin: constituent of bergamot oil; structure given in first source		3.1210furanocoumarinmetabolite
licoisoflavone b
licoisoflavone B: from Sophra mooracroftiana; structure in first source		2.5520
semilicoisoflavone b
semilicoisoflavone B: isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis; structure in first source. semilicoisoflavone B : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 2',2'-dimethyl-2'H,4H-3,6'-bichromen-4-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 8'. It has been isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis.		2.55207-hydroxyisoflavonesEC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
l 754394
L 754394: a potent and specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease; structure given in first source		3.1210
xanthoepocin
Xanthoepocin: an antibiotic from Penicillium simplicissimum IFO5762; structure in first source		2.1710
3,8-dihydroxy-6h-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one
3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one: metabolite of ellagic acid		3.5110coumarinsgeroprotector
avicularin
avicularin: from Polygonum aviculare L.; RN given refers to L-isomer. avicularin : A quercetin O-glycoside in which an alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residue is attached at position 3 of quercetin via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Juglans regia and Foeniculum vulgare.		3.3110alpha-L-arabinofuranoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
alpinumisoflavone
alpinumisoflavone: extract from twigs of poisonous British plant		2.5520isoflavanonesmetabolite
quercetin 7-rhamnoside
quercetin 7-rhamnoside: has antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. quercetin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
flavonols;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		metabolite
4-hydroxylonchocarpin
4-hydroxylonchocarpin: structure in first source		2.0810
antimycin a
Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.		7.0610amidobenzoic acid
3-o-methylbutein
3-O-methylbutein: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.1310chalcones
herboxidiene
herboxidiene: structure in first source; isolated from Streptomyces chromofuscus; a potent and selective herbicide (e.g. inactive against wheat); up-regulates the gene expression of LDL receptor		2.1710
4-hydroxyderricin
4-hydroxyderricin: from Angelica keiskei; RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure in first source		2.2510chalcones
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin: structure given in first source		3.1210psoralens
(1Ar,7aS,10aS,10bS)-1a,5-dimethyl-8-methylidene-2,3,6,7,7a,8,10a,10b-octahydrooxireno[9,10]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-9(1aH)-one
[no description available]		2.1710germacranolide
panduratin a
panduratin A: isolated from Kaempferia pandurata; structure in first source		3.7620diarylheptanoidmetabolite
beta-escin
[no description available]		2.0210
(3S,6S,9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-Butan-2-yl]-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-9-(6-oxooctyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone
[no description available]		2.1710oligopeptide
13-epi-sclareol
13-epi-sclareol: an unusual labdane diterpene from the roots of Coleus forskohlii with cell growth inhibitory action in breast and uterine cancers in vitro; structure in first source		2.1710
lipstatin
lipstatin: isolated from Streptomyces toxytricini; inhibitor of pancreatic lipase; structure given in first source		3.5110
licochalcone c
licochalcone C: has cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities; isolated from licorice; structure in first source		2.8130
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		2.7430aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
licoflavone c
licoflavone C: Antimutagenic Agent; a naturally occurring prenyl-flavone extracted from Genista ephedroides; structure in first source		3.9630
akuammicine
akuammicine: from Strychnos sp;; structure in first source. akuammicine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C20H22N2O2, isolated from several plant species including Alstonia spatulata, Catharanthus roseus and Vinca major.		2.1710methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		plant metabolite
hermitamide b
hermitamide B: isolated from Lyngbya majuscula; structure in first source		2.1710
trans-delta-tocotrienoloic acid
tocotrienoloic acid: from leaves of Tovomitopsis psychotriifolia; structure given in first source		2.1710tocotrienol
licochalcone d
licochalcone D: isolated from Glycyrrhiza inflata; inhibits phosphorylation of NF-kappaB p65 in LPS signaling pathway		2.1510
nodulisporic acid a
nodulisporic acid A: a novel indole diterpene insecticide; structure in first source		2.1710
Kanzonol B
[no description available]		3.0440chalcones
nystatin a1
Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.		2.0610nystatins
Licoflavone B
licoflavone B: Schistosomicide from Glycyrrhiza inflata; structure in first source		2.5520flavones
linoleic acid hydroperoxide
linoleic acid hydroperoxide: RN refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleic acid hydroperoxide : A HPODE that is a mono-hydroperoxy derivative of linoleic acid		7.0710
glabrol
glabrol: from Glycyrrhiza glabra hairy root; structure in first source		8.2750flavanones
scopadulcic acid b
scopadulcic acid B: isolated from Scorparia dulcis		2.1710
gliocladin c
gliocladin C: structure in first source		2.1710
zincophorin
zincophorin: 25 carbon polypropionate from Streptomyces griseus; griseochelin and M 144255 are the same monocarboxylic acid ionophore		2.1710pyransbacterial metabolite;
ionophore
streptazolin
streptazolin: from culture of Streptomyces sp.; structure in first source		2.1710
chatancin
chatancin: structure in first source		2.1710
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		2.0610benzoxazole
morelloflavone
morelloflavone: also inhibits cruzain; RN given for (2S-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-morelloflavone : A biflavonoid found in Rheedia edulis and Garcinia livingstonei.		2.1710biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavanone;
hydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
cinnamosmolide
cinnamosmolide: isolated from several species of Canellaceae family; structure in first source		2.1710
11-deoxy glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.1510triterpenoid
lilopristone
lilopristone: structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
astragaloside IV
[no description available]		3.5110pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triterpenoid saponin		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
pro-angiogenic agent
odoratin
odoratin: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0810
15-deoxygoyazensolide
15-deoxygoyazensolide: an NSAID with schistossomicidal and trypanosomicidal activities; structure in first source		2.1710
derrone
derrone: from Retama raetam flowers; structure in first source		3.6820isoflavonoid
mitragynine
speciogynine: structure in first source		2.1710
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.0610
azamulin
azamulin: a Cyp3A inhibitor; structure in first source		3.1210
iberiotoxin
[no description available]		2.3110
sphingosine kinase
[no description available]		7.0310
spongia-13(16),14-dien-19-oic acid
spongia-13(16),14-dien-19-oic acid : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 3b,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9,9a,9b,10,11-dodecahydrophenanthro[1,2-c]furan substituted by methyl groups at positions 3b, 6 and 9 and a carboxy group at position 6. Isolated from Spongia, it exhibits inhibitory activity against androgen receptor.		2.1710cyclic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		androgen antagonist;
metabolite
isoangustone a
isoangustone A: antioxidant isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis; structure in first source		2.5520isoflavanones
roquefortine
[no description available]		2.1710pyrroloindole
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.1710hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
chitosan
[no description available]		7.6320
marinopyrrole a
marinopyrrole A: antibiotic from a marine Streptomyces sp.; structure in first source. (-)-marinopyrrole A : A member of the class of pyrroles that is 1'H-1,3'-bipyrrole substituted by four chloro groups at positions 4, 4', 5 and 5' and two 2-hydroxybenzoyl moieties at positions 2 and 2'. It is isolated from Streptomyces sp.CNQ-418 and exhibits cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.		2.1710aromatic ketone;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
pyrroles		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite
colletoic acid
colletoic acid: an 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; structure in first source		2.1710
cardiovascular agents
Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.		3.1810
ipomoeassin f
ipomoeassin F: a cytotoxic macrocyclic glycoresin from the leaves of Ipomoea squamosa from the Suriname rainforest		2.1710
6,8-dihydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-(3-methylbutanoyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-9h-xanthene-1,3-dione
[no description available]		2.1710xanthenes
7-hydroxymitragynine
7-hydroxymitragynine: an orally active opioid analgesic from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa; structure in first source		2.1710alkaloid
dorrigocin b
dorrigocin B: isolated from the fermentation broth & mycelium of Streptomyces platensis; structure given in first source		2.1710
dorrigocin a
dorrigocin A: isolated from the fermentation broth & mycelium of Streptomyces platensis; structure given in first source		2.1710
punicalagin
punicalagin: hepatoprotective agent isolated from Terminalia catappa; structure in first source		2.1310tannin
licochalcone e
licochalcone E: from roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata; structure in first source		2.5520
tatanan a
tatanan A: from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott; structure in first source		2.1710
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		2.0310benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
rk 682
[no description available]		2.0810
ilicicolin h
ilicicolin H: structure in first source. ilicicolin H : An aromatic ketone in which the ketone carbonyl group is attached to a (1R,2R,4aS,7S,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl group and a 4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl group. Isolated from the from the "imperfect" fungus Cylindrocladium iliciola strain MFC-870.		2.1710aromatic ketone;
carbobicyclic compound;
ilicicolin;
monohydroxypyridine;
octahydronaphthalenes;
phenols;
pyridone		antimicrobial agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
transforming growth factor beta
Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.		2.5320
phytoestrogens
Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.		4.2450
tatanan b
tatanan B: from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott; structure in first source		2.1710
gracilioether f
gracilioether F: structure in first source		2.1710
cryptocaryol a
cryptocaryol A: from Cryptocarya spp.; structure in first source. cryptocaryol A : A member of the class of 2-pyranones that is 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one substituted by a 2,4,6,8,10-pentahydroxypentacosyl group at position 6. It has been isolated from Cryptocarya species.		2.17102-pyranones;
pentol		plant metabolite
tetrahydroamentoflavone
tetrahydroamentoflavone: isolated from Semecarpus anacardium; structure in first source		2.1710
lactoferrin
Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.		8.6411
cyclic gmp
Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.		2.31103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nataxazole
nataxazole: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Streptomyces; structure in first source		2.1710
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		2.0310
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		04.92110
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		04.92110
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		02.9430
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		04.18150
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		02.9430
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.		02.1710
Fungal Diseases
[description not available]		03.1210
Mycoses
Diseases caused by FUNGI.		03.1210
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.2510
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.2510
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		03.7930
Aspergillus Infection
[description not available]		02.920
Keratitis, Ulcerative
[description not available]		02.4110
Eye Infections, Fungal
Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.		02.4110
Aspergillosis
Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.		02.920
Corneal Ulcer
Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.		02.4110
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.8130
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis
[description not available]		02.4110
Diabetic Nephropathies
KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.		02.4110
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		02.4110
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		02.4110
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		02.610
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		02.610
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		02.610
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		07.610
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		02.4110
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		02.4110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.610
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.610
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea.		02.610
Hypermelanosis
[description not available]		02.5720
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.		07.5720
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
[description not available]		02.610
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.		02.610
Alcoholic Liver Diseases
[description not available]		02.610
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic
Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.		02.610
Chloasma
[description not available]		03.6411
Melanosis
Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease.		03.6411
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		03.6990
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		03.6990
Atrophy, Muscle
[description not available]		02.6320
Muscular Atrophy
Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.		02.6320
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		02.2510
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		07.2510
Bronchial Hyperreactivity
Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.		02.2510
Liver Steatosis
[description not available]		02.3110
Weight Reduction
[description not available]		02.3110
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.		02.3110
Weight Loss
Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.		02.3110
Osteoarthritis of Knee
[description not available]		02.3110
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)		02.3110
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		02.4620
Erythema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.		07.3110
Skin Aging
The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.		02.3110
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		02.3110
Muscle Relaxation
That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.		02.3110
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic
Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.		02.7620
Eczema, Atopic
[description not available]		02.3110
Dermatitis, Atopic
A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.		02.3110
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		02.3110
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		02.3110
Infections, Pseudomonas
[description not available]		02.1510
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.		02.1510
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		02.520
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		02.1710
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		02.1710
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		02.1710
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.1710
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.1710
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.1710
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis
[description not available]		02.1710
Psoriasis
A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.		07.1710
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		03.1750
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.0340
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		03.0340
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		02.110
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		03.0340
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		03.0340
Carcinogenesis
The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.		02.110
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		02.110
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute
An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.		02.110
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.		02.5220
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.		07.5220
Menopause
The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.		02.4520
Insulin Sensitivity
[description not available]		02.1310
Insulin Resistance
Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.		02.1310
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		02.4920
Cancer of Endometrium
[description not available]		02.1110
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		07.4920
Endometrial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.		02.1110
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic
An elevated scar, resembling a KELOID, but which does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses spontaneously.		02.1310
Cirrhosis
[description not available]		02.1310
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.		02.1310
Age-Related Osteoporosis
[description not available]		02.1310
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.		02.1310
Lung Injury, Acute
[description not available]		02.1510
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
[description not available]		02.1510
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.		02.1510
Acute Lung Injury
A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).		07.1510
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.0610
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.0610
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		02.0610
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.0610
Cognition Disorders
Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.		02.0610
Academic Disorder, Developmental
[description not available]		02.0610
Age-Related Memory Disorders
[description not available]		02.0610
Learning Disabilities
Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.		02.0610
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.		02.0610
Cancer, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		02.0610
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.0610
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.0610
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		02.0710
Atherogenesis
[description not available]		02.9910
Atherosclerosis
A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.		02.9910
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.9540
Depression, Endogenous
[description not available]		02.0110
Depressive Disorder
An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.		02.0110
Nephritis
Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.		07.0110
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		02.0210
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		02.0210
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		07.0410
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		02.0410
Apoplexy
[description not available]		02.0410
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.		02.0410
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		02.0410
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.		02.6930
Deficiency, Vitamin E
[description not available]		01.9910
Dermatitis, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		01.9910
Radiodermatitis
A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation.		01.9910