Page last updated: 2024-08-05 14:54:48
general anaesthetic
Substance that produces loss of consciousness.
ChEBI ID: 38869
Members (7)
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)pyrrolidine | Pyrrolidine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenylcyclohex-1-yl group. | rolicyclidine |
| 4-hydroxybutyric acid | A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 4-hydroxybutyric acid |
| chloral hydrate | An organochlorine compound that is the hydrate of trichloroacetaldehyde. | chloral hydrate |
| midazolam | An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively. | midazolam |
| midazolam hydrochloride | The hydrochloride salt of midazolam. | midazolam hydrochloride |
| nitrous oxide | A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream. | dinitrogen oxide |
| tricaine | A methanesulfonate salt obtained by reaction of tricaine with one molar equivalent of methanesulfonic acid. Used as an anaesthetic for fish. | tricaine methanesulfonate |
Research
Studies (25,171)
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7,823 (31.08) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 4,578 (18.19) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 4,782 (19.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5,537 (22.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2,451 (9.74) | 2.80 |
Study Types
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 4,910 (17.59%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 1,457 (5.22%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 1,819 (6.52%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 150 (0.54%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 19,570 (70.13%) | 84.16% |
Protein Targets (74)
Potency Measurements
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.1202 | 4 | 6 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.6376 | 2 | 6 |
| ATAD5 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.4706 | 2 | 2 |
| Ataxin-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6032 | 1 | 1 |
| ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.6032 | 2 | 2 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.5097 | 2 | 3 |
| Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 2C9, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5404 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 2D6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.6486 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.6734 | 2 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.4214 | 1 | 3 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.6517 | 8 | 13 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.6396 | 3 | 3 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 2.5788 | 1 | 2 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.8823 | 1 | 1 |
| G | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Potency | 27.5404 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.8375 | 1 | 1 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 19.9682 | 2 | 2 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.3847 | 2 | 3 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 10.5909 | 1 | 1 |
| HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5404 | 1 | 1 |
| IDH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.5821 | 1 | 1 |
| Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5404 | 1 | 2 |
| Interferon beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.5404 | 1 | 1 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.9290 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 26.6514 | 1 | 2 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.0212 | 2 | 2 |
| peripheral myelin protein 22 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 11.9196 | 1 | 3 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.2014 | 1 | 2 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.8823 | 1 | 1 |
| potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.5739 | 2 | 4 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.8493 | 1 | 1 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 25.4905 | 2 | 2 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 26.7324 | 3 | 5 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.7997 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.3036 | 2 | 6 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 22.7187 | 2 | 6 |
| thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.7263 | 1 | 1 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 56.2341 | 1 | 1 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 10.5909 | 1 | 1 |
Inhibition Measurements
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 50.0000 | 3 | 3 |
| ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 41.5000 | 4 | 4 |
| Bile salt export pump | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 41.7133 | 3 | 3 |
| Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 4.3000 | 1 | 1 |
| Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 19.4333 | 3 | 3 |
| Cytochrome P450 3A4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 2.7427 | 3 | 3 |
| GABA theta subunit | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 334.7673 | 3 | 3 |
| Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 65,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 3.7000 | 1 | 1 |
| Tetraspanin | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 15.8000 | 2 | 2 |
| Translocator protein | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 0.0020 | 1 | 1 |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 75.5000 | 1 | 4 |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 75.5000 | 1 | 4 |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 75.5000 | 1 | 4 |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 75.5000 | 1 | 4 |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 75.5000 | 1 | 4 |