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paraben
A 4-hydroxybenzoate ester in which the esterifying alcohol is an alkanol (in diagram, R = alkyl). Commonly used as preservatives in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
ChEBI ID: 85122
Members (3)
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|---|---|
| ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate | An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with ethanol, | ethylparaben |
| methylparaben | A 4-hydroxybenzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol. It is the most frequently used antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. It occurs naturally in several fruits, particularly in blueberries. | methylparaben |
| propylparaben | The benzoate ester that is the propyl ester of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Preservative typically found in many water-based cosmetics, such as creams, lotions, shampoos and bath products. Also used as a food additive. | propylparaben |
Research
Studies (2,564)
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 389 (15.17) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 223 (8.70) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 497 (19.38) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 953 (37.17) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 502 (19.58) | 2.80 |
Study Types
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 38 (1.14%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 122 (3.66%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 80 (2.40%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 4 (0.12%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 3,088 (92.68%) | 84.16% |