Compounds > nelfinavir
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nelfinavir

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Description

Nelfinavir is a non-peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitor used to treat HIV/AIDS. It was developed by Agouron Pharmaceuticals and approved by the FDA in 1997. Nelfinavir inhibits the HIV-1 protease enzyme, which is essential for the maturation of new viral particles. The inhibition of HIV-1 protease prevents the formation of infectious virions, thus reducing the viral load in the body. It is typically administered orally in combination with other antiretroviral medications as part of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Nelfinavir is known to have a high affinity for the HIV protease active site, resulting in potent antiviral activity. It is also known for its favorable pharmacokinetic profile, with a long half-life and good bioavailability. Nelfinavir has been shown to be effective in treating both naive and treatment-experienced HIV-infected individuals. Clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing viral load and improving CD4+ T-cell counts. Nelfinavir is studied to understand its mechanism of action, potential drug resistance, and its use in combination therapy with other antiretrovirals. '

Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID76973791
SCHEMBL ID23781848
MeSH IDM0029531
PubMed CID64143
CHEMBL ID584
CHEBI ID7496
SCHEMBL ID38218
MeSH IDM0029531

Synonyms (90)

Synonym
NCGC00258475-01
tox21_200921
dtxsid2033736 ,
tox21_111021
cas-159989-65-8
NCGC00090782-06
tox21_111021_1
mfcd32691436
SCHEMBL23781848
BIDD:GT0395
BIDD:PXR0143
AC-20032
bdbm518
chembl584 ,
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)formamido]-4-(phenylsulfanyl)butyl]-decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
HY-15287
chebi:7496 ,
met-stromal cell-derived factor-1.beta. (human) & nelfinavir
met-sdf-1.beta. & nelfinavir
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide, n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-((3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)-, (3s-(2-(2s*,3s*),3-alpha,4a-beta,8a-beta))-
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide, n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-((2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-((3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)-, (3s,4as,8as)-
n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-((3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide (3s-(2(2s*,3s*),3alpha,4abeta,8abeta))-
(3s-(2(2s*,3s*),3alpha,4abeta,8abeta))-n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-((3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide
nelfinavir [inn:ban]
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-benzoyl)amino]-4-phenylsulfanyl-butyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1h-isoquinoline-3-carboxamide
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide, n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2- [(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-(phenylthio)butyl]-, (3s,4as,8as)-
nlf ,
MLS001304729
2-[2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-benzoylamino)-4-phenyl sulfanyl-butyl]-decahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid tert-butylamide
1UN ,
C07257
159989-64-7
nelfinavir
DB00220
NCGC00090782-03
1OHR
NCGC00090782-04
nelfinavir mesylate ag1343
smr000596515
MLS001195634
AKOS000280862
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-phenylsulfanylbutyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1h-isoquinoline-3-carboxamide
D08259
nelfinavir (inn)
nsc-747167
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide,1-dimethyl ethyl)decahydro-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-(phenylthio)butyl]-, (3s,4as,8as)-
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-[2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-(phenylthio)butyl]-, [3s-[2(2s*,3s*),3.alpha.,4a.beta.,8a.beta.]]-
nsc747167
bdbm50061306
(3s,4as,8as)-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-benzoylamino)-4-phenylsulfanyl-butyl]-decahydro-isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid tert-butylamide; compound with methanesulfonic acid
n-(tert-butyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzamido)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[[(3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-4-(phenylthio)butyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1h-isoquinoline-3-carboxamide
A810096
A810095
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-3-[(2-methyl-3-oxidanyl-phenyl)carbonylamino]-2-oxidanyl-4-phenylsulfanyl-butyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1h-isoquinoline-3-carboxamide
NCGC00090782-05
ho3ogh5d7i ,
nsc 747167
unii-ho3ogh5d7i
HMS2232I04
AM84529
CS-0677
nelfinavir [mi]
nelfinavir [vandf]
nelfinavir [who-dd]
nelfinavir [ema epar]
nelfinavir [inn]
SCHEMBL38218
AB00698259-15
(3s,4as,8as)-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoylamino)-4-phenylthiobutyl]decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid t-butylamide
(3s, 4as, 8as)-2-[(2r, 3r)-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoylamino)-4-phenylthiobutyl]decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid t-butylamide
(3s, 4as, 8as)-2-[(2r, 3r)-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-benzoylamino)-4-phenylthiobutyl]decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid t-butylamide
QAGYKUNXZHXKMR-HKWSIXNMSA-N
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-(phenylsulfanyl)butyl]decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
(3s,4as,8as)-n-(tert-butyl)-2-((2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzamido)-4-(phenylthio)butyl)decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
DTXSID5035080 ,
gtpl11090
MRF-0000208
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-{[(3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)carbonyl]amino}-4-(phenylsulfanyl)butyl]decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
Q423366
AS-75258
NCGC00090782-17
3-isoquinolinecarboxamide, n-(1,1-dimethylethyl)decahydro-2-[(2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino]-4-(phenylthio)butyl]-, (3s,4as,8as)-
C73027
EN300-18530973
dtxcid3015080
(3s,4as,8as)-n-tert-butyl-2-((2r,3r)-2-hydroxy-3-((3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoyl)amino)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)butyl)decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide
nelfinavirum
j05ae04
mfcd01938163

Research Excerpts

Overview

Nelfinavir (NFV) is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with demonstrated antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and several other herpesviruses. It has been repurposed as an anticancer drug.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that has been widely prescribed as a component of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and has been reported to exert in vitro antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. "( HIV protease inhibitors Nelfinavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir markedly improve lung pathology in SARS-CoV-2-infected Syrian hamsters despite lack of an antiviral effect.
Abdelnabi, R; Annaert, PP; Augustijns, PF; Cambier, S; Chatterjee, AK; Coelmont, L; Dallmeier, K; De Jonghe, S; Delang, L; Foo, CS; Gouwy, M; Heylen, E; Jochmans, D; Kaptein, SJF; Leyssen, P; Mols, R; Neyts, J; Proost, P; Rocha-Pereira, J; Ter Horst, S; van Laer, C; Vandooren, J; Vangeel, L; Vergote, V; Weynand, B; Zhang, X, 2022)		2.47
"Nelfinavir is an human immunodeficiency virus 1 aspartic protease inhibitor and has been repurposed as an anticancer drug."( Inhibition of the NOTCH and mTOR pathways by nelfinavir as a novel treatment for T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Aplan, PD; Chang, YS; Della Gatta, G; Dennis, PA; Ferrando, AA; Gills, JJ; Kawabata, S; Onozawa, M, 2023)		1.89
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is a nonpeptidic PI that functions by connecting to the catalytic site of the HIV protease, thus stopping the cleavage of viral polyprotein into complete, operative proteins that are fundamental for viral survival."( Antitumorigenic action of nelfinavir: Effects on multiple myeloma and hematologic malignancies (Review).
Allegra, A; Allegra, AG; Innao, V; Musolino, C; Pugliese, M; Pulvirenti, N, 2020)		1.58
"Nelfinavir is a human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor that is currently being repositioned as an anticancer drug. "( Combining Nelfinavir With Chloroquine Inhibits
Dennis, PA; Gills, JJ; Kawabata, S; Lopiccolo, J, )		1.98
"Nelfinavir was shown to be a P-glycoprotein substrate, and the combination of nelfinavir and ritonavir inhibited bladder cancer cell growth synergistically."( Nelfinavir and Ritonavir Kill Bladder Cancer Cells Synergistically by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.
Asano, T; Isono, M; Okubo, K; Sato, A, 2018)		2.64
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with demonstrated antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and several other herpesviruses. "( Nelfinavir inhibits maturation and export of herpes simplex virus 1.
Ambinder, RF; Dennis, PA; Desai, PJ; Gibson, W; Kalu, NN; Shirley, CM, 2014)		3.29
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is a clinically important antiviral drug that inhibits production of infectious HIV. "( Nelfinavir inhibits maturation and export of herpes simplex virus 1.
Ambinder, RF; Dennis, PA; Desai, PJ; Gibson, W; Kalu, NN; Shirley, CM, 2014)		3.29
"Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor being repurposed as an anti-cancer agent in preclinical models and in small oncology trials, yet the MTD of nelfinavir has not been determined. "( A phase I trial of the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir in adults with solid tumors.
Ballas, MS; Bernstein, WB; Blumenthal, GM; Chun, G; Dechowdhury, R; Dennis, PA; Figg, WD; Gardner, ER; Gills, JJ; Helsabeck, C; Kawabata, S; Komiya, T; LoPiccolo, J; Morrow, B; Root, H; Steinberg, SM, 2014)		2.1
"Nelfinavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, and is used for treatment of patients suffering from HIV/AIDS. "( Resistance mechanism revealed by crystal structures of unliganded nelfinavir-resistant HIV-1 protease non-active site mutants N88D and N88S.
Bihani, SC; Das, A; Ferrer, JL; Hosur, MV; Prashar, V, 2009)		2.03
"Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that has been used for a long period of time to treat HIV-infected individuals. "( The mitochondria-independent cytotoxic effect of nelfinavir on leukemia cells can be enhanced by sorafenib-mediated mcl-1 downregulation and mitochondrial membrane destabilization.
Brüning, A; Friese, K; Gingelmaier, A; Rahmeh, M, 2010)		2.06
"Nelfinavir (Viracept®) is an HIV protease inhibitor that has been shown to induce the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reaction in human cancer cells. "( Analysis of nelfinavir-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Brüning, A, 2011)		2.19
"Nelfinavir is a potent HIV-protease inhibitor with pleiotropic effects in cancer cells. "( Drug discovery using chemical systems biology: weak inhibition of multiple kinases may contribute to the anti-cancer effect of nelfinavir.
Bourne, PE; Evangelidis, T; Xie, L, 2011)		2.02
"Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor with potential antitumour activity against certain cancer types. "( Antitumour effects of a protease inhibitor, nelfinavir, in hepatocellular carcinoma cancer cells.
Hao, J; Niu, L; Sun, L; Wang, H; Wang, P; Zhu, X, 2012)		2.08
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is an HIV protease inhibitor that induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in cancer cells."( Synergistic effects of nelfinavir and bortezomib on proteotoxic death of NSCLC and multiple myeloma cells.
Dennis, PA; Gills, JJ; Hollander, MC; Kawabata, S; Lopiccolo, J; Mercado-Matos, JR; Wilson, W, 2012)		1.41
"Nelfinavir was found to be a new class of HSP90 inhibitor and can be brought to HER2-breast cancer treatment trials with the same dosage regimen as that used among HIV patients."( Selective inhibition of HER2-positive breast cancer cells by the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir.
Beebe, K; Han, I; Liu, JO; Nahta, R; Neckers, L; Rao, R; Shim, JS, 2012)		2.04
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is a widely prescribed HIV-1 specific protease inhibitor (PI). "( Primary nelfinavir (NFV)-associated resistance mutations during a follow-up period of 108 weeks in protease inhibitor naïve patients treated with NFV-containing regimens in an HIV clinic cohort.
Genka, I; Kikuchi, Y; Kimura, S; Matsuoka-Aizawa, S; Oka, S; Tachikawa, N; Teruya, K; Tsuchiya, K; Yasuoka, A, 2003)		2.2
"Nelfinavir (Viracept) is an orally administered protease inhibitor. "( Nelfinavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection.
Cvetković, RS; Frampton, JE; McCormack, PL; Perry, CM; Siddiqui, MA, 2005)		3.21
"Nelfinavir is a substrate for P-glycoprotein, which is encoded by MDR1."( Pharmacogenetics of long-term responses to antiretroviral regimens containing Efavirenz and/or Nelfinavir: an Adult Aids Clinical Trials Group Study.
Clifford, DB; D'Aquila, RT; De Gruttola, V; Donahue, JP; George, AL; Haas, DW; Hirsch, MS; Kim, RB; Labbe, L; Merigan, TC; Morse, GD; Pollard, RB; Robbins, GK; Shafer, RW; Smeaton, LM; Wilkinson, GR, 2005)		1.27
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is an HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor (PI) which has become as one of the first choices of PI for ART in children."( Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy with nelfinavir in vertically HIV-1 infected children: 3 years of follow-up. Long-term response to nelfinavir in children.
de José, MI; Larrú, B; Léon, JA; Maria Bellón, J; Mellado, MJ; Muñoz-Fernández, MA; Navarro, M; Ramos, JT; Resino, R; Resino, S, 2006)		1.3
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is a protease inhibitor that has been widely used for several years for the treatment of HIV infection. "( A review of nelfinavir for the treatment of HIV infection.
Olmo, M; Podzamczer, D, 2006)		2.16
"Nelfinavir (NFV) is a currently available HIV-1 protease (PR) inhibitor. "( Mechanism of drug resistance due to N88S in CRF01_AE HIV-1 protease, analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations.
Hata, M; Hoshino, T; Kakizawa, J; Matsuyama, S; Ode, H; Sugiura, W, 2007)		1.78
"Nelfinavir (Viracept) is a potent, non-peptidic inhibitor of HIV-1 Protease, which has been marketed for the treatment of HIV infected patients. "( Drug design: new inhibitors for HIV-1 protease based on Nelfinavir as lead.
Fernandes, PA; Perez, MA; Ramos, MJ, 2007)		2.03
"Nelfinavir is a lead HIV protease inhibitor with pleiotropic effects in cancer cells. "( Nelfinavir, A lead HIV protease inhibitor, is a broad-spectrum, anticancer agent that induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
Abu-Asab, MS; Best, CJ; Borojerdi, J; Danish, M; Dennis, PA; Figg, WD; Gardner, ER; Gills, JJ; Hollander, MC; Kawabata, S; Lopiccolo, J; Shoemaker, RH; Steeg, PS; Tsokos, M; Tsurutani, J; Warfel, NA, 2007)		3.23
"* Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor, substrate of the transporter P-glycoprotein and metabolized via CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 enzymes. "( Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on nelfinavir to M8 biotransformation in HIV patients.
Auleley, S; Duval, X; Hirt, D; Mentré, F; Rey, E; Salmon, D; Tran, A; Tréluyer, JM, 2008)		1.35
"Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor which shows good inhibitory activity against HIV-1. "( Nelfinavir.
Benfield, P; Perry, CM, 1997)		3.18
"Nelfinavir is a selective inhibitor of HIV protease, the enzyme responsible for post-translational processing of HIV propeptides. "( Nelfinavir. A review of its therapeutic efficacy in HIV infection.
Faulds, D; Jarvis, B, 1998)		3.19
"Nelfinavir is an active HIV-protease inhibitor with favorable pharmacokinetics, good tolerability, and sustained antiviral effects."( Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of the potent, specific human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir: results of a phase I/II trial and extended follow-up in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Chapman, S; Clendeninn, N; Higgs, C; Monaghan, J; Moyle, GJ; Nelson, MR; Prince, W; Youle, M, 1998)		1.23
"Nelfinavir is a potent inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease, which shows good inhibitory activity against HIV-1 in vitro. "( Nelfinavir, a new protease inhibitor: early clinical results.
Powderly, WG; Tebas, P, 1999)		3.19
"Nelfinavir is a novel protease inhibitor that exhibits good inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is currently used in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the management of HIV infection. "( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir combined with efavirenz and stavudine during rescue treatment of heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.
Fiocchi, C; Gambarana, E; LoCaputo, F; Maserati, R; Pan, A; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Villani, P, 2000)		2.04
"Nelfinavir is an inhibitor of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 protease, with good in vivo activity in HIV-infected patients. "( Nelfinavir mesylate.
Powderly, WG; Tebas, P, 2000)		3.19

Effects

Nelfinavir has been evaluated as first-line therapy with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in treatment-naive patients. It has milder and fewer side effects, and is effective in combination therapy.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Nelfinavir also has a role in the management of pregnant patients as well as paediatric patients with HIV infection."( Nelfinavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection.
Cvetković, RS; Frampton, JE; McCormack, PL; Perry, CM; Siddiqui, MA, 2005)		2.49
"Nelfinavir has been FDA-approved for anti-retroviral therapy in humans."( A high-content image-based drug screen of clinical compounds against cell transmission of adenovirus.
Andriasyan, V; Georgi, F; Greber, UF; Kuttler, F; Murer, L; Turcatti, G; Witte, R; Yakimovich, A, 2020)		1.28
"Nelfinavir also has a role in the management of pregnant patients as well as paediatric patients with HIV infection."( Nelfinavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection.
Cvetković, RS; Frampton, JE; McCormack, PL; Perry, CM; Siddiqui, MA, 2005)		2.49
"Nelfinavir has been evaluated as first-line therapy with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in treatment-naive patients, or as an additional antiretroviral agent in protease inhibitor-naive patients already receiving NRTIs."( Nelfinavir: an update on its use in HIV infection.
Bardsley-Elliot, A; Plosker, GL, 2000)		2.47
"Nelfinavir has milder and fewer side effects, and is effective in combination therapy."( Nelfinavir (Viracept) moves up the ranks.
Grodeck, B, )		2.3
"Nelfinavir has been recently approved as a twice-daily (BID) dose regimen, but no evaluation of the influence of this regimen change on patients' protease inhibitor exposure has been published. "( Nelfinavir plasma levels under twice-daily and three-times-daily regimens: high interpatient and low intrapatient variability.
Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Marzolini, C; Telenti, A, 2001)		3.2

Actions

Nelfinavir promotes apoptosis and arrests cell cycle at G(1) phase. Can enhance intrinsic radiosensitivity, reduce hypoxia and improve vascularity.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Nelfinavir can enhance intrinsic radiosensitivity, reduce hypoxia and improve vascularity. "( ARCII: A phase II trial of the HIV protease inhibitor Nelfinavir in combination with chemoradiation for locally advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer.
Abraham, AG; Brunner, TB; Chu, KY; Durrant, L; Dutton, SJ; Eccles, C; Fokas, E; Hawkins, MA; Maughan, T; McKenna, WG; Mukherjee, S; O'Neill, E; Partridge, M; Patel, N; Wilson, JM; Woodward, M, 2016)		2.13
"nelfinavir) effectively inhibit tumor progression, but their impact on myeloma is unknown."( The human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitor nelfinavir impairs proteasome activity and inhibits the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Apcher, S; Arnulf, B; Bono, C; Bories, JC; Fermand, JP; Galicier, L; Harel, S; Karlin, L; Labaume, S; Mouly, E; Sauvageon, H, 2012)		1.35
"Nelfinavir promotes apoptosis and arrests cell cycle at G(1) phase."( HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir inhibits growth of human melanoma cells by induction of cell cycle arrest.
Flaherty, KT; Jiang, W; Lei, H; Mikochik, PJ; Ra, JH; Spitz, FR; Winkler, JD, 2007)		1.37

Treatment

Nelfinavir treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes impaired the insulin-stimulated translocation and membrane fusion of myc-glucose transporter (GLUT)-4-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter. Co-treatment with nelfinavIR or lopinavir had a high sensitizing effect on vincristine-treated KBV20C cells.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Nelfinavir treated tumor cells also displayed a downregulation of the Akt pathway due to disruption of the Akt-HSP90 complex, and subsequent degradation of Akt."( Oxidative Stress Mediates the Antiproliferative Effects of Nelfinavir in Breast Cancer Cells.
Bianco, R; Campiglia, P; D'Alessio, M; D'Angelo, D; Forestieri, P; Formisano, P; Iaccarino, G; Illario, M; Limite, G; Maione, AS; Rusciano, MR; Soprano, M; Sorriento, D, 2016)		1.4
"Nelfinavir treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes impaired the insulin-stimulated translocation and membrane fusion of myc-glucose transporter (GLUT)-4-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter."( Postreceptoral adipocyte insulin resistance induced by nelfinavir is caused by insensitivity of PKB/Akt to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate.
Bashan, N; Ben-Romano, R; Hou, JC; Kachko, I; Maissel, A; Mazor, L; Pessin, JE; Rudich, A; Watson, RT, 2009)		1.32
"For nelfinavir-treated patients, but not for lopinavir/ritonavir-treated patients, higher baseline HIV-1 RNA levels and lower baseline CD4 cell counts were associated with a higher risk of loss of virologic response."( Baseline HIV-1 RNA level and CD4 cell count predict time to loss of virologic response to nelfinavir, but not lopinavir/ritonavir, in antiretroviral therapy-naive patients.
Bernstein, BM; Brun, SC; Cernohous, P; Feinberg, J; King, MS; Montaner, JS; Sanne, I; Sherer, R; Sun, E; Walmsley, SL, 2004)		1.03
"Nelfinavir treatment increased expression of intestinal Pgp and hepatic CYP3A levels by 83 and 85%, respectively, but not hepatic Pgp or intestinal CYP3A."( Induction of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A by HIV protease inhibitors.
Brouwer, KR; Huang, L; Polli, JW; Serabjit-Singh, C; Woolley, JL; Wring, SA, 2001)		1.03
"Co-treatment with nelfinavir or lopinavir had a high sensitizing effect on vincristine-treated KBV20C cells. "( Co-treatment With HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir Greatly Increases Late-phase Apoptosis of Drug-resistant KBV20C Cancer Cells Independently of P-Glycoprotein Inhibition.
Kim, JY; Lee, BM; Park, YJ; Yoon, S, 2019)		1.11
"Mice treated with Nelfinavir display hallmarks of this stress response in the liver, including α subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) phosphorylation, activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) induction, and increased expression of known downstream targets."( An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease modulates constitutive eIF2α dephosphorylation to trigger a specific integrated stress response.
Bujisic, B; De Gassart, A; Decosterd, LA; Di Micco, A; Frera, G; Martinon, F; Tallant, R; Zaffalon, L, 2016)		0.76
"Treatment with nelfinavir might impair IRS-2-mediated signaling in pancreatic beta cells."( [Impairment of IRS-2 signaling in rat insulinoma INS-1 cells by nelfinavir].
Schutt, M; Xiang, Z; Zhou, JQ, 2004)		0.92
"Treatment with nelfinavir was continued for another 7 days with the addition of 300 mg tenofovir once daily."( The steady-state pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in combination with tenofovir in HIV-infected patients.
Becker, M; Breske, A; Esser, S; Hill, A; Koerber, A; Kopperman, M; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Möcklinghoff, C; Ross, B; Stocker, H; Wiehler, H, 2005)		0.94

Toxicity

Nelfinavir was not considered to be toxic to the rat or rabbit conceptus. These findings suggest that HIV-infected cancer patients might experience both enhanced antitumor efficacy and unexpected adverse toxicity.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Data for 22 patients were included in the safety analysis; 12 patients (55%) reported at least one grade 2 or worse (moderate, severe, or very severe) adverse event."( Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of the potent, specific human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir: results of a phase I/II trial and extended follow-up in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Chapman, S; Clendeninn, N; Higgs, C; Monaghan, J; Moyle, GJ; Nelson, MR; Prince, W; Youle, M, 1998)		0.51
" Although 95% of patients reported an adverse event of grade 1 or higher, only 1 patient experienced a grade 3 or 4 adverse event (maculopapular rash) related to nelfinavir."( The safety profile and antiviral activity of the combination of stavudine, didanosine, and nelfinavir in patients with HIV infection.
Adler, M; Cross, AP; Dunkle, LM; Elion, R; Kaul, S; Kelleher, T; Knupp, C, 1999)		0.72
" The association of adherence with demographic variables, hepatitis C virus infection, number of stopped antiretroviral regimens, HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count, and adverse effects to drugs was assessed."( Adherence, side effects and efficacy of stavudine plus lamivudine plus nelfinavir in treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients.
Arnedo, A; Gómez, CJ; Roca, B, 2000)		0.54
" The side-effects of this new therapeutic family are quite well known but we wanted to evaluate the attitude of the clinician: can these adverse effects be corrected by symptomatic treatment, do they regress spontaneously or do they lead to an alternative PI therapy? We therefore carried out a retrospective survey in the Infectious Diseases Department of Poitiers Hospital consisting in research on files of patients (n = 70) treated in this department (hospitalization and consultation) for any clinical or biological abnormality attributable to the PI."( [Attitude of the clinican toward adverse effects of protease inhibitors].
Breux, JP; Champagne, X; Nicol, B; Pasdeloup, T; Pérault, MC; Remblier, C; Vandel, B, )		0.13
"Demographics, dosage regimens, genotype data, viral RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte counts, adverse drug events (ADEs), laboratory tests, and compliance were evaluated over 3 years."( The safety and antiviral effect of protease inhibitors in children.
Koranyi, KI; Nahata, MC; Temple, ME, 2001)		0.31
" Incidence of drug-related adverse events was similar in the two groups, except for nausea (more common in zidovudine/lamivudine group; 40 versus 17%) and diarrhoea (more common in zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir group; 45 versus 14%)."( AVANTI 3: a randomized, double-blind trial to compare the efficacy and safety of lamivudine plus zidovudine versus lamivudine plus zidovudine plus nelfinavir in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-naive patients.
Gartland, M, 2001)		0.7
" No serious adverse events were observed."( Dose-escalating study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-exposed neonates.
Boonrod, C; Chuenyam, T; Cooper, DA; Hassink, EA; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Limpongsanurak, S; Phanuphak, P; Rongkavilit, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Srigritsanapol, A; Thaithumyanon, P; Ubolyam, S; van Heeswijk, RP, 2002)		0.56
" No additional adverse events or increase in the proportion of patients reporting adverse events were observed from 48 weeks to 100 weeks."( Long-term efficacy and safety of twice-daily saquinavir soft gelatin capsules (SGC), with or without nelfinavir, and three times daily saquinavir-SGC, in triple combination therapy for HIV infection: 100-week follow-up.
Feinberg, J; Goodrich, J; Greenberg, RN; Pilson, RS; Siemon-Hryczyk, P, 2003)		0.53
"The A/S/D regimen had a low efficacy and a high frequency of adverse events and cannot be recommended."( Low efficacy and high frequency of adverse events in a randomized trial of the triple nucleoside regimen abacavir, stavudine and didanosine.
Gerstoft, J; Katzenstein, TL; Kirk, O; Lundgren, JD; Mathiesen, L; Nielsen, H; Obel, N; Pedersen, C, 2003)		0.32
" Thus, under the conditions of this study, nelfinavir was not considered to be toxic to the rat or rabbit conceptus."( Absence of embryo-fetal toxicity in rats or rabbits following oral dosing with nelfinavir.
Burns-Naas, LA; Holson, JF; Masarjian, L; Stump, DG; Webber, S; Zorbas, M, 2003)		0.81
" Administration of nelfinavir did not produce adverse effects on fertility, pregnancy, embryo-fetal development, parturition, or lactation in the F(0) generation."( Absence of reproductive and developmental toxicity in rats following oral dosing with nelfinavir.
Burns-Naas, LA; Furman, G; Holson, JF; Masarjian, L; Stump, DG; Webber, S; Zorbas, M, 2003)		0.87
" No new safety issues were identified, and the overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events during BMS AI424-044 was comparable across treatment groups."( Long-term efficacy and safety of atazanavir with stavudine and lamivudine in patients previously treated with nelfinavir or atazanavir.
Cahn, P; Giordano, M; Kelleher, T; Mancini, M; Murphy, R; Pantaleo, G; Phanuphak, P; Pokrovskiy, V; Rozenbaum, W; Sension, M; Wood, R, 2004)		0.54
" The one adverse event associated with nelfinavir occurred in a subject with a CD4 cell count less than 250 cells/microL."( Maternal toxicity with continuous nevirapine in pregnancy: results from PACTG 1022.
Baker, D; Foca, M; Frenkel, LM; Gandia, J; Gonzalez-Garcia, A; Hitti, J; Huang, S; McNamara, J; Nachman, SA; Paul, ME; Provisor, A; Stek, AM; Stevens, LM; Thorpe, EM; Watts, DH; Wei, LJ, 2004)		0.59
"In 15 centres specializing in HIV in The Netherlands, data on patient characteristics, HAART, adverse events, viral load response, mode of delivery and HIV status of the neonate were obtained from medical records of HIV-infected pregnant women who received HAART during pregnancy between January 1997 and June 2003."( Nelfinavir and nevirapine side effects during pregnancy.
Boer, K; de Wolf, F; Dieleman, J; Godfried, MH; Nellen, J; Schneider, ME; Sprenger, H; Tempelman, C; Timmermans, S; van der Ende, ME, 2005)		1.77
" No major adverse events occurred."( Nelfinavir and nevirapine side effects during pregnancy.
Boer, K; de Wolf, F; Dieleman, J; Godfried, MH; Nellen, J; Schneider, ME; Sprenger, H; Tempelman, C; Timmermans, S; van der Ende, ME, 2005)		1.77
" Few adverse events were attributed to nelfinavir."( Safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir coadministered with zidovudine and lamivudine in infants during the first 6 weeks of life.
Acevedo, M; Bryson, Y; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Holland, D; Huang, S; Hughes, M; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Stek, A; Watts, H, 2005)		0.88
" No significant changes or differences in the concentration of fasting total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or total triglycerides or in the occurrence of adverse events were observed within or between the two groups."( The long-term pharmacokinetics and safety of adding low-dose ritonavir to a nelfinavir 1,250 mg twice-daily regimen in HIV-infected patients.
Andersen, AB; Black, FT; Gerstoft, J; Hansen, IM; Justesen, US; Klitgaard, NA; Mathiesen, LR; Pedersen, C, 2005)		0.56
" The combination seems to be safe and the nelfinavir/ritonavir regimen could be an option in patients with low nelfinavir+M 8 concentrations."( The long-term pharmacokinetics and safety of adding low-dose ritonavir to a nelfinavir 1,250 mg twice-daily regimen in HIV-infected patients.
Andersen, AB; Black, FT; Gerstoft, J; Hansen, IM; Justesen, US; Klitgaard, NA; Mathiesen, LR; Pedersen, C, 2005)		0.82
" Subsequently, the patient developed a possible adverse skin reaction to his antiretrovirals and was hospitalized."( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir.
Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)		0.58
"HIV-infected women on selected ARV regimens or no ARV were administered DMPA 150 mg intramuscularly and evaluated for 12 weeks for adverse events, changes in CD4+ count and HIV RNA levels, and ovulation."( Safety and tolerability of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate among HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy: ACTG A5093.
Clax, PA; Cohn, SE; Hitti, J; Lertora, JJ; Muderspach, L; Park, JG; Stek, A; Watts, DH; Yu, S, 2008)		0.35
" Nine Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in seven subjects; none were judged related to DMPA."( Safety and tolerability of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate among HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy: ACTG A5093.
Clax, PA; Cohn, SE; Hitti, J; Lertora, JJ; Muderspach, L; Park, JG; Stek, A; Watts, DH; Yu, S, 2008)		0.35
" Data regarding demographics, clinical disease and antiretroviral treatment history, HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, CD4 T-cell counts [absolute (cells/microL) and percentages (%)], adverse events, clinical laboratory values, reasons for discontinuation of PIs, and concomitant medications were extracted from the database for PI-naive (first-line) and PI-experienced (second- or higher-line) PI use."( Long-term safety and effectiveness of ritonavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected children.
Burri, M; Nadal, D; Rode, R; Rudin, C; Shen, Y, 2008)		0.6
"Long-term PI-based therapy seems to be safe and to result in durable virologic and immunologic effectiveness in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-experienced children."( Long-term safety and effectiveness of ritonavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected children.
Burri, M; Nadal, D; Rode, R; Rudin, C; Shen, Y, 2008)		0.6
" On the basis of a wide variety of toxicological data including critical experiments for mutation induction under chronic exposure conditions and cross-species exposure scaling experiments to extrapolate to humans, we estimate the added risk of adverse effects (cancer, birth abnormalities, heritable defects) in any individual patient accidentally exposed to EMS via contaminated Viracept tablets in the context of this production accident as essentially zero."( Ethyl methanesulfonate toxicity in Viracept--a comprehensive human risk assessment based on threshold data for genotoxicity.
Gocke, E; Lavé, T; Müller, L; Pfister, T, 2009)		0.35
" Primary endpoint was treatment-related or possibly treatment-related gastrointestinal or hepatic adverse events (AEs)."( Safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum.
Clax, P; Delke, I; Fang, A; Jones, T; Maupin, R; O'Sullivan, MJ; Valluri, SR, )		0.42
"We compared adverse events among breast-feeding neonates born to Kenyan mothers receiving triple-antiretroviral therapy, including either nevirapine or nelfinavir."( Rash, hepatotoxicity and hyperbilirubinemia among Kenyan infants born to HIV-infected women receiving triple-antiretroviral drugs for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission.
Akoth, B; Angira, F; Masaba, R; Mills, LA; Minniear, TD; Ndivo, R; Oyaro, B; Peters, PJ; Polle, N; Thomas, TK; Zeh, C, 2012)		0.58
"Since adverse drug reactions are a major public health concern, early detection of drug safety signals has become a top priority for regulatory agencies and the pharmaceutical industry."( Comparison of two drug safety signals in a pharmacovigilance data mining framework.
Ahmed, I; Bégaud, B; Tubert-Bitter, P, 2016)		0.43
" These findings suggest that HIV-infected cancer patients receiving nelfinavir might experience both enhanced antitumor efficacy and unexpected adverse toxicity given the role of MRP4/ABCC4 in exporting nucleoside-based antiretroviral medications and cancer chemotherapeutics."( Human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors interact with ATP binding cassette transporter 4/multidrug resistance protein 4: a basis for unanticipated enhanced cytotoxicity.
Ambudkar, SV; Cheepala, SB; Ekins, S; Fukuda, Y; Schuetz, JD; Sparreboom, A; Takenaka, K; Wu, CP, 2013)		0.63
" To investigate safety, we compared adverse events (AE) among infants exposed to different maternal cART regimens."( Maternal Lopinavir/Ritonavir Is Associated with Fewer Adverse Events in Infants than Nelfinavir or Atazanavir.
Barr, E; Davies, J; Forster, JE; Kinzie, K; Levin, MJ; McFarland, EJ; Pappas, J; Paul, S; Smith, C; Weinberg, A, 2016)		0.66
"0 °C), incidence of recovery from clinical symptoms, incidence of improvement of each symptom The secondary safety endpoints are adverse events and clinical examinations."( Efficacy and safety of nelfinavir in asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients: a structured summary of a study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.
Fujii, Y; Fukushige, Y; Hanaoka, H; Hanawa, M; Hori, M; Hosogaya, N; Iwami, S; Izumikawa, K; Kawasaki, Y; Kohno, S; Kurokawa, T; Miyazaki, T; Miyazaki, Y; Morimoto, S; Mukae, H; Takemori, S; Wakita, T; Watashi, K; Yamagoe, S; Yamamoto, H; Yanagihara, K, 2021)		0.93

Pharmacokinetics

The safety, antiretroviral activity, and pharmacokinetic profile of nelfinavir, a potent and specific inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease, were assessed in a small open-label phase I/II dose-ranging study in protease inhibitor-naive HIV-positive men. Simvastatin-nelfinavir pharmacokinetics interaction can be explained by our final model.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The geometric mean Cmax and AUC0-8 h on the first study day were 253 ng/ml (range, < 25-1200 ng/ml) and 1106 ng/ml."( Saquinavir pharmacokinetics alone and in combination with nelfinavir in HIV-infected patients.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F, 1997)		0.54
"The safety, antiretroviral activity, and pharmacokinetic profile of nelfinavir, a potent and specific inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease, were assessed in a small open-label phase I/II dose-ranging study in protease inhibitor-naive HIV-positive men."( Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of the potent, specific human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir: results of a phase I/II trial and extended follow-up in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Chapman, S; Clendeninn, N; Higgs, C; Monaghan, J; Moyle, GJ; Nelson, MR; Prince, W; Youle, M, 1998)		0.74
"To define the pharmacokinetic profile of efavirenz (EFV) in HIV-1 infected patients, when administered alone or with nelfinavir (NFV)."( Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) alone and in combination therapy with nelfinavir (NFV) in HIV-1 infected patients.
Castelli, F; Maserati, R; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Torti, C; Viale, P; Villani, P, 1999)		0.74
" Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were obtained during a dosage interval."( Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) alone and in combination therapy with nelfinavir (NFV) in HIV-1 infected patients.
Castelli, F; Maserati, R; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Torti, C; Viale, P; Villani, P, 1999)		0.53
"No significant difference was found between the principal pharmacokinetic parameters of EFV when administered alone or in combination with NFV (mean AUC: 57."( Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) alone and in combination therapy with nelfinavir (NFV) in HIV-1 infected patients.
Castelli, F; Maserati, R; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Torti, C; Viale, P; Villani, P, 1999)		0.53
" In this study we analysed the pharmacokinetic profile of nelfinavir after multiple oral doses in 18 HIV-infected patients during a combination regimen of nelfinavir plus efavirenz and stavudine."( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir combined with efavirenz and stavudine during rescue treatment of heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.
Fiocchi, C; Gambarana, E; LoCaputo, F; Maserati, R; Pan, A; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Villani, P, 2000)		0.84
"The dNN study evaluated the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic interactions of the combination of stavudine (2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine; D4T), nelfinavir and nevirapine in 25 HIV-infected subjects who received treatment for up to 29 weeks."( dNN study: stavudine, nelfinavir and nevirapine. Preliminary safety, activity and pharmacokinetic interactions.
Skowron, G, 1998)		0.81
"A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted on nelfinavir in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who were enrolled in a phase III clinical trial."( A population pharmacokinetic analysis of nelfinavir mesylate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients enrolled in a phase III clinical trial.
Dudley, MN; Jackson, KA; Kerr, BM; Pithavala, YK; Rosenbaum, SE; Yuen, G, 2000)		0.82
" Single-dose pharmacokinetic values were used to predict multiple-dose regimens."( Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and CYP2C19 activity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic liver disease.
Badley, A; Bulman, D; Cameron, DW; Carignan, G; Fyke, K; Gallicano, K; Khaliq, Y; Seguin, I, 2000)		0.57
"Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics were characterized by wide interindividual variability, low clearance (181-496 ml min-1 70 kg-1, n = 7), and prolonged half-life (5-20 h, n = 7)."( Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and CYP2C19 activity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic liver disease.
Badley, A; Bulman, D; Cameron, DW; Carignan, G; Fyke, K; Gallicano, K; Khaliq, Y; Seguin, I, 2000)		2.01
" Serum samples were collected after each azithromycin dose for 168 hours and after the Day 8 and 9 morning nelfinavir doses for 8 hours to characterize azithromycin, nelfinavir, and M8 pharmacokinetic parameters during both control and test periods."( A study of the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin and nelfinavir when coadministered in healthy volunteers.
Amsden, GW; Cabelus, LJ; Foulds, G; Nafziger, AN, 2000)		0.77
" Pharmacokinetic assessment was performed on days 14 and 28."( Pharmacokinetic interactions between nelfinavir and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors atorvastatin and simvastatin.
Hsyu, PH; Kerr, BM; Lewis, RH; Lillibridge, JH; Schultz-Smith, MD, 2001)		0.58
" Pharmacokinetic evaluations were performed at 14 and 28 days of age."( Pharmacokinetics of stavudine and didanosine coadministered with nelfinavir in human immunodeficiency virus-exposed neonates.
Boonrod, C; Chuenyam, T; Cooper, DA; Damle, BD; Hassink, EA; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Limpongsanurak, S; Phanuphak, P; Rongkavilit, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Srigritsanapol, A; Thaithumyanon, P, 2001)		0.55
"In an open-label, randomized, multicenter, multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study, we determined the steady-state pharmacokinetics of amprenavir with and without coadministration of indinavir, nelfinavir, or saquinavir soft gel formulation in 31 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects."( Pharmacokinetic study of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors used in combination with amprenavir.
Eron, JJ; Gillotin, C; Haubrich, R; Lang, W; Lou, Y; Sadler, BM; Stein, DS, 2001)		0.5
" Nelfinavir concentrations in plasma were analyzed by a specific and validated reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography assay (HPLC) with UV detection, and pharmacokinetic values were determined."( Nelfinavir suspension obtained from nelfinavir tablets has equivalent pharmacokinetic profile.
Carriero, PL; Marubbi, F; Maserati, R; Montagna, M; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Villani, P, 2001)		2.66
" We present pharmacokinetic data from a randomized placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the metabolic effects of smoked marijuana and dronabinol in HIV-infected patients receiving indinavir (IDV) or nelfinavir (NFV)."( The effects of cannabinoids on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir and nelfinavir.
Abrams, DI; Aweeka, FT; Benowitz, NL; Hilton, JF; Kosel, BW; Lizak, PS; Shade, SB, 2002)		0.74
"Despite a statistically significant decrease in C(max) of IDV in the marijuana arm, the magnitude of changes in IDV and NFV pharmacokinetic parameters in the marijuana arm are likely to have no short-term clinical consequence."( The effects of cannabinoids on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir and nelfinavir.
Abrams, DI; Aweeka, FT; Benowitz, NL; Hilton, JF; Kosel, BW; Lizak, PS; Shade, SB, 2002)		0.55
" Intensive pharmacokinetic evaluations were performed at 14 and 28 days of age."( Dose-escalating study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-exposed neonates.
Boonrod, C; Chuenyam, T; Cooper, DA; Hassink, EA; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Limpongsanurak, S; Phanuphak, P; Rongkavilit, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Srigritsanapol, A; Thaithumyanon, P; Ubolyam, S; van Heeswijk, RP, 2002)		0.56
"To assess the impact of HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations, and pharmacokinetic parameters on virological responses to nelfinavir (NFV)-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy."( Virologic response to nelfinavir-based regimens: pharmacokinetics and drug resistance mutations (VIRAPHAR study).
Breilh, D; Caumont, A; Fleury, HJ; Garrigue, I; Le Camus, C; Montestruc, F; Morlat, P; Pellegrin, I; Pellegrin, JL; Saux, MC, 2002)		0.83
" Plasma NFV trough concentration (Cmin), maximum concentration (Cmax), and AUC0-tau at steady-state were subjected to population pharmacokinetic analysis."( Virologic response to nelfinavir-based regimens: pharmacokinetics and drug resistance mutations (VIRAPHAR study).
Breilh, D; Caumont, A; Fleury, HJ; Garrigue, I; Le Camus, C; Montestruc, F; Morlat, P; Pellegrin, I; Pellegrin, JL; Saux, MC, 2002)		0.63
" According to multivariate analysis, NFV Cmin and Cmax, CD4 cell count, number of baseline RT + protease gene mutations, D67N, M184V, T215F/Y in RT, and M36I in protease, were independent factors that were significantly predictive of failure."( Virologic response to nelfinavir-based regimens: pharmacokinetics and drug resistance mutations (VIRAPHAR study).
Breilh, D; Caumont, A; Fleury, HJ; Garrigue, I; Le Camus, C; Montestruc, F; Morlat, P; Pellegrin, I; Pellegrin, JL; Saux, MC, 2002)		0.63
"Our data confirm the association among individual pharmacokinetic parameters, genotype pattern and virological response to NFV-containing regimens."( Virologic response to nelfinavir-based regimens: pharmacokinetics and drug resistance mutations (VIRAPHAR study).
Breilh, D; Caumont, A; Fleury, HJ; Garrigue, I; Le Camus, C; Montestruc, F; Morlat, P; Pellegrin, I; Pellegrin, JL; Saux, MC, 2002)		0.63
" Median values of the primary pharmacokinetic parameters of nelfinavir 30 mg/kg every-8-hours (n = 8) and 45 mg/kg every 12 hours (n = 10) were, respectively, for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve over 24 hours, 90."( The pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-1-infected children.
Beijnen, JH; de Koning, LA; Heymans, HS; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Scherpbier, HJ; van Heeswijk, RP, 2002)		0.86
"To elucidate the aspects of pharmacokinetic interactions among HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), we investigated the effects of indinavir (IDV) on the hepatic and intestinal first-pass metabolism of other HIV PIs, amprenavir (APV), saquinavir (SQV) and nelfinavir (NFV), in rats."( Hepatic and intestinal contributions to pharmacokinetic interaction of indinavir with amprenavir, nelfinavir and saquinavir in rats.
Gao, W; Kageyama, M; Kimura, K; Kishida, T; Shibata, N; Takada, K; Yoshikawa, Y, 2002)		0.71
" The goal of this model-based pharmacokinetic analysis was to describe the differences observed in amprenavir pharmacokinetics among treatment arms in the Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group (AACTG) study protocol 398 and to propose mechanisms to account for them."( Effect of coadministration of nelfinavir, indinavir, and saquinavir on the pharmacokinetics of amprenavir.
Bennett, KK; Hammer, SM; Labbé, L; Lu, JF; Mellors, J; Pfister, M; Rosenkranz, S; Sheiner, LB, 2002)		0.6
"One hundred seventy-six HIV-positive subjects receiving 1200 mg amprenavir twice daily as part of AACTG protocol 398 were included in the pharmacokinetic study."( Effect of coadministration of nelfinavir, indinavir, and saquinavir on the pharmacokinetics of amprenavir.
Bennett, KK; Hammer, SM; Labbé, L; Lu, JF; Mellors, J; Pfister, M; Rosenkranz, S; Sheiner, LB, 2002)		0.6
"Eighteen healthy human immunodeficiency virus-negative subjects participated in an open-label, six-period, incomplete Latin-square crossover pharmacokinetic study."( Model-based analysis of the pharmacokinetic interactions between ritonavir, nelfinavir, and saquinavir after simultaneous and staggered oral administration.
Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Lu, JF; Rosenkranz, SL; Sheiner, LB, 2002)		0.54
"Combinations of protease inhibitors (PIs) can have potentially beneficial pharmacokinetic interactions, resulting in higher drug levels and less frequent dose administration."( Coadministration of indinavir and nelfinavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected adults: safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity.
Deutsch, P; Havlir, D; Kerr, B; Lewis, RH; Peng, Y; Riddler, SA; Saah, A; Squires, KE; Wynne, LH; Yeh, K; Zhong, L, 2002)		0.59
"The present population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study modeled the effects of covariates including drug adherence and the coadministration of protease inhibitors (PIs) on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) and the relationship between EFV exposure and virological failure in patients who failed initial PI treatment in Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group (AACTG) study 398."( Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of efavirenz, nelfinavir, and indinavir: Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group Study 398.
Bennett, KK; Hammer, SM; Labbé, L; Mellors, J; Pfister, M; Rosenkranz, S; Sheiner, LB, 2003)		0.56
"5 months) underwent 18 intensive pharmacokinetic studies of nelfinavir and M8 at steady state."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite, hydroxy-tert-butylamide, in infants perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Compagnucci, A; Faye, A; Giaquinto, C; Gibb, DM; Harper, L; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Litalien, C, 2003)		0.88
" Pharmacokinetic parameters for nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 were assessed on study days 15 and 16, after administration of the regimens with a full (610 kcal) or light (271 kcal) breakfast, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics, food intake requirements and tolerability of once-daily combinations of nelfinavir and low-dose ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Aarnoutse, RE; Burger, DM; Droste, JA; Hekster, YA; Koopmans, PP; Popescu, M; Reiss, P; van Oosterhout, JJ, 2003)		0.82
" Five HIV-infected patients on steady-state nelfinavir-containing therapy were subject to pharmacokinetic sampling for nelfinavir concentration twice: without sildenafil and with sildenafil 25 mg as a single dose."( Sildenafil does not alter nelfinavir pharmacokinetics.
Bratt, G; Ståhle, L, 2003)		0.88
" Intensive steady-state pharmacokinetic sampling from baseline to 8 hours revealed very low plasma concentrations of nelfinavir: area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-24)) <10% of adult population values for 750 mg every 8 hours and nonquantifiable concentrations of nelfinavir's principal metabolite (M8)."( Ritonavir-enhanced pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir/M8 during rifampin use.
Bergshoeff, AS; Burger, DM; Geelen, SP; Wolfs, TF, 2003)		0.8
" Ritonavir resolved the pharmacokinetic interaction between rifampin and nelfinavir by boosting nelfinavir and, especially, M8 concentrations."( Ritonavir-enhanced pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir/M8 during rifampin use.
Bergshoeff, AS; Burger, DM; Geelen, SP; Wolfs, TF, 2003)		0.82
"The aim of this study was to determine whether pharmacokinetic interactions between the protease inhibitors saquinavir soft gel, nelfinavir, and ritonavir are affected by the timing of administration."( Effect of simultaneous versus staggered dosing on pharmacokinetic interactions of protease inhibitors.
Aberg, JA; Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Rosenkranz, SL; Segal, Y; Sheiner, LB; Washington, CB, 2003)		0.52
" We measured protease inhibitor concentrations over a 24-hour period by HPLC and estimated pharmacokinetic parameters by noncompartmental methods."( Effect of simultaneous versus staggered dosing on pharmacokinetic interactions of protease inhibitors.
Aberg, JA; Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Rosenkranz, SL; Segal, Y; Sheiner, LB; Washington, CB, 2003)		0.32
" The objective of this study was to assess the impact of body weight on the pharmacokinetic disposition of nelfinavir (NFV) in the absence and presence of nevirapine (NVP) and compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of twice-daily (BID) and three-times-daily (TID) NFV regimens."( Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics in stable human immunodeficiency virus-positive children: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 377.
Aweeka, FT; Floren, LC; Hayashi, S; Jayewardene, A; Johnson, G; Krogstad, P; Nachman, S; Stanley, K; Wiznia, A, 2003)		1.97
"This was an intensive pharmacokinetic substudy nested in a phase II, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial."( Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics in stable human immunodeficiency virus-positive children: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 377.
Aweeka, FT; Floren, LC; Hayashi, S; Jayewardene, A; Johnson, G; Krogstad, P; Nachman, S; Stanley, K; Wiznia, A, 2003)		1.76
" Pharmacokinetic data were derived by using noncompartmental analysis."( Pharmacokinetics of indinavir and nelfinavir in treatment-naive, human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects.
Collier, A; DiCenzo, R; DiFrancecso, R; Feinberg, J; Fischl, MA; Forrest, A; Morse, GD; Ribaudo, H, 2004)		0.6
"049), but not between plasma and intracellular M8 Cmin was observed."( Intracellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and M8 in HIV-infected patients: relationship with P-glycoprotein expression.
Back, DJ; Cornforth, D; Cuthbertson, Z; Daniels, E; Ford, J; Hoggard, PG; Hsyu, P; Johnson, M; Khoo, SH; Meaden, ER; Williams, I, 2004)		0.58
"Evaluate pharmacokinetic interaction, short-term safety, and antiretroviral activity of stavudine (d4T), nevirapine (NVP), and nelfinavir (NFV) as combination HIV-1 therapy."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation and short-term activity of stavudine, nevirapine, and nelfinavir therapy in HIV-1-infected adults.
Fisher, A; Grosso, R; Hall, DB; Jacobs, M; Kerr, B; Leoung, G; Lewis, R; MacGregor, T; Odgen, R; Robinson, P; Skowron, G; Stevens, M; Yen-Lieberman, B, 2004)		0.76
"Prospective, open-label study investigating the pharmacokinetic interactions between d4T, NVP, and NFV and documenting short-term tolerability and virologic and immunologic activity."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation and short-term activity of stavudine, nevirapine, and nelfinavir therapy in HIV-1-infected adults.
Fisher, A; Grosso, R; Hall, DB; Jacobs, M; Kerr, B; Leoung, G; Lewis, R; MacGregor, T; Odgen, R; Robinson, P; Skowron, G; Stevens, M; Yen-Lieberman, B, 2004)		0.55
" Steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of NFV, AG1402 (metabolite of NFV), and d4T were compared before and after the addition of NVP."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation and short-term activity of stavudine, nevirapine, and nelfinavir therapy in HIV-1-infected adults.
Fisher, A; Grosso, R; Hall, DB; Jacobs, M; Kerr, B; Leoung, G; Lewis, R; MacGregor, T; Odgen, R; Robinson, P; Skowron, G; Stevens, M; Yen-Lieberman, B, 2004)		0.55
"NVP administration did not significantly affect the steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of NFV or d4T."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation and short-term activity of stavudine, nevirapine, and nelfinavir therapy in HIV-1-infected adults.
Fisher, A; Grosso, R; Hall, DB; Jacobs, M; Kerr, B; Leoung, G; Lewis, R; MacGregor, T; Odgen, R; Robinson, P; Skowron, G; Stevens, M; Yen-Lieberman, B, 2004)		0.55
" The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental methods."( Effect of efavirenz treatment on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir boosted by ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; de Graaff-Teulen, MJ; Hekster, YA; Ibanez, SM; Koopmans, PP; la Porte, CJ; Voncken, DS, 2004)		0.57
" Drug concentrations were analyzed by HPLC coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by use of noncompartmental methods."( The pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and M8 during pregnancy and post partum.
Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Gallicano, KD; Khaliq, Y; Phillips, EJ; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2004)		0.63
"The nucleotide analogue, tenofovir, has been shown to lower plasma atazanavir levels in pharmacokinetic trials, an interaction that may be partly reversed by the addition of ritonavir, whereas plasma tenofovir levels are themselves raised when the drug is combined with lopinavir/ritonavir."( The steady-state pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in combination with tenofovir in HIV-infected patients.
Becker, M; Breske, A; Esser, S; Hill, A; Koerber, A; Kopperman, M; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Möcklinghoff, C; Ross, B; Stocker, H; Wiehler, H, 2005)		0.6
"Eighteen patients received nelfinavir 1250 mg twice daily plus prescribed nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for at least 14 days, with pharmacokinetic measurements performed on day 15."( The steady-state pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in combination with tenofovir in HIV-infected patients.
Becker, M; Breske, A; Esser, S; Hill, A; Koerber, A; Kopperman, M; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Möcklinghoff, C; Ross, B; Stocker, H; Wiehler, H, 2005)		0.9
"The aim of this study was to characterise the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic monitoring of low doses of mycophenolate mofetil (0."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of low dose mycophenolate mofetil in HIV-infected patients treated with abacavir, efavirenz and nelfinavir.
Brunet, M; Gallart, T; García, F; Gatell, JM; Martorell, J; Millán, O; Miró, JM; Plana, M; Pumarola, T; Rojo, I; Vidal, E, 2005)		0.53
"Mycophenolate mofetil pharmacokinetic profiles in HIV patients under HAART are not significantly different from those found in transplant patients."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of low dose mycophenolate mofetil in HIV-infected patients treated with abacavir, efavirenz and nelfinavir.
Brunet, M; Gallart, T; García, F; Gatell, JM; Martorell, J; Millán, O; Miró, JM; Plana, M; Pumarola, T; Rojo, I; Vidal, E, 2005)		0.53
" There were no significant differences in any of the other pharmacokinetic parameters when week 1 and week 6 results were compared."( Safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir coadministered with zidovudine and lamivudine in infants during the first 6 weeks of life.
Acevedo, M; Bryson, Y; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Holland, D; Huang, S; Hughes, M; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Stek, A; Watts, H, 2005)		0.61
" Reductions of 25% and 45% were observed in the mean nelfinavir area under the concentration-time curve and minimum concentration of the drug in serum, and there was a 31% more rapid half-life for patients receiving both drugs compared to patients receiving nelfinavir alone."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and efavirenz in antiretroviral-naive, human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects when administered alone or in combination with nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Fischl, MA; Forrest, A; Hirsch, MS; Merigan, TC; Morse, GD; Park, JG; Robbins, GK; Shafer, RW; Smith, PF; Wu, H; Yu, S, 2005)		0.9
" Patients who were randomized to have ritonavir added (n=9) participated in three 12-h pharmacokinetic evaluations at baseline, week 4 and week 24."( The long-term pharmacokinetics and safety of adding low-dose ritonavir to a nelfinavir 1,250 mg twice-daily regimen in HIV-infected patients.
Andersen, AB; Black, FT; Gerstoft, J; Hansen, IM; Justesen, US; Klitgaard, NA; Mathiesen, LR; Pedersen, C, 2005)		0.56
" There were no differences between the nelfinavir or M 8 pharmacokinetic parameters at weeks 4 and 24."( The long-term pharmacokinetics and safety of adding low-dose ritonavir to a nelfinavir 1,250 mg twice-daily regimen in HIV-infected patients.
Andersen, AB; Black, FT; Gerstoft, J; Hansen, IM; Justesen, US; Klitgaard, NA; Mathiesen, LR; Pedersen, C, 2005)		0.83
"A joint model was found to describe adequately nelfinavir and M8 concentrations and was used to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters for M8."( Population pharmacokinetic analysis for nelfinavir and its metabolite M8 in virologically controlled HIV-infected patients on HAART.
Diquet, B; Goujard, C; Legrand, M; Mentré, F; Panhard, X; Taburet, AM, 2005)		0.85
" Intensive pharmacokinetic sampling occurred after 4 weeks of therapy."( Efficacy, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of two nelfinavir-based regimens in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and adolescents: pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 403.
Acosta, EP; Aldrovandi, G; Chen, J; Damle, B; Hodge, J; Hughes, MD; King, JR; Nachman, S; Wiznia, A; Yogev, R, 2005)		0.58
" NFV pharmacokinetic measurements were not statistically different between the treatment groups, yet exposure to the NFV metabolite, M8, was significantly higher in subjects receiving RTV."( Efficacy, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of two nelfinavir-based regimens in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and adolescents: pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 403.
Acosta, EP; Aldrovandi, G; Chen, J; Damle, B; Hodge, J; Hughes, MD; King, JR; Nachman, S; Wiznia, A; Yogev, R, 2005)		0.58
"In this prospective trial, blood samples were drawn during a 6-hour time interval between two doses at enrolment to assess protease inhibitor (PI) pharmacokinetic parameters, and 4 months later to assess plasma trough and peak concentrations."( High variability of indinavir and nelfinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected patients with a sustained virological response on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Bonnet, B; Diquet, B; Duval, X; Goujard, C; Katlama, C; Legrand, M; Leport, C; Mentré, F; Panhard, X; Peytavin, G; Salmon-Céron, D; Taburet, AM; Vincent, I, 2005)		0.61
" Ritonavir significantly increased indinavir elimination half-life and plasma exposure."( High variability of indinavir and nelfinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected patients with a sustained virological response on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Bonnet, B; Diquet, B; Duval, X; Goujard, C; Katlama, C; Legrand, M; Leport, C; Mentré, F; Panhard, X; Peytavin, G; Salmon-Céron, D; Taburet, AM; Vincent, I, 2005)		0.61
" A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to describe the concentration-time course of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8."( Age-related effects on nelfinavir and M8 pharmacokinetics: a population study with 182 children.
Blanche, S; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2006)		0.86
"Data from 14 subjects with complete pharmacokinetic samples were available for analysis."( Pharmacokinetic interaction between nelfinavir and pravastatin in HIV-seronegative volunteers: ACTG Study A5108.
Aberg, JA; Alston, BL; Brobst, SW; Fichtenbaum, CJ; Gerber, JG; Rosenkranz, SL; Segal, Y, 2006)		0.61
" A population pharmacokinetic model was developed in order to describe the concentration time course of nelfinavir and its metabolite M8 in pregnant and nonpregnant women."( Pregnancy-related effects on nelfinavir-M8 pharmacokinetics: a population study with 133 women.
Chappuy, H; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Mandelbrot, L; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2006)		0.84
"The objectives of this study are to develop and validate a population pharmacokinetic model that adequately describes the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children; to define factors involved in the pharmacokinetic variability, which could aid in defining dosing strategies; and to correlate the pharmacokinetics to the treatment response."( Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children.
Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kuijpers, TW; Mathôt, RA; Scherpbier, HJ, 2006)		0.79
" A population pharmacokinetic model of nelfinavir and M8 was developed using NONMEM."( Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children.
Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kuijpers, TW; Mathôt, RA; Scherpbier, HJ, 2006)		0.85
" The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and pharmacokinetic interactions between methadone and nelfinavir."( [Clinical and pharmacokinetic interactions between methadone and nelfinavir (Nemesia study)].
Cadafalch, J; Deig, E; Fuster, M; Marco, A; Pedrol, E; Valls, I, 2006)		0.78
" Data for the control group of 21 HIV-infected nonpregnant women were taken from a previous multicentre pharmacokinetic trial."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-1-infected pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Cavaliere, AF; Cusato, M; degli Antoni, A; Floridia, M; Guaraldi, G; Molinari, A; Pirillo, MF; Regazzi, M; Tamburrini, E; Vanzini, C; Villani, P, 2006)		0.66
"This study evaluated the steady-state pharmacokinetic interaction between ritonavir-boosted saquinavir and nelfinavir."( Saquinavir, nelfinavir and M8 pharmacokinetics following combined saquinavir, ritonavir and nelfinavir administration.
Arastéh, K; Becker, M; Berger, M; Breske, A; Herzmann, C; Hill, A; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Schulbin, H; Steinmüller, J; Stocker, H, 2007)		0.93
" Pharmacokinetic assessments were performed before and 7 days after the start of combined treatment with nelfinavir/saquinavir/ritonavir."( Saquinavir, nelfinavir and M8 pharmacokinetics following combined saquinavir, ritonavir and nelfinavir administration.
Arastéh, K; Becker, M; Berger, M; Breske, A; Herzmann, C; Hill, A; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Schulbin, H; Steinmüller, J; Stocker, H, 2007)		0.93
" Pharmacokinetic evaluations were performed at weeks 2, 6, and 56."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of efavirenz and nelfinavir in HIV-infected children participating in an area-under-the-curve controlled trial.
Alvero, CG; Brundage, RC; Fenton, T; Fletcher, CV; Mofenson, LM; Powell, C; Spector, SA, 2008)		0.59
"This work aimed at building a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for lamivudine (LMV), stavudine (STV) and zidovudine (ZDV), estimating their inter and intraindividual PK variability and investigating the influence of different covariates."( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lamivudine, stavudine and zidovudine in controlled HIV-infected patients on HAART.
Diquet, B; Goujard, C; Legrand, M; Mentré, F; Panhard, X; Taburet, AM, 2007)		0.34
"A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to characterize the transfer of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 from maternal to cord plasma and amniotic fluid."( Pharmacokinetic modelling of the placental transfer of nelfinavir and its M8 metabolite: a population study using 75 maternal-cord plasma samples.
Chappuy, H; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Mandelbrot, L; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2007)		0.81
"Fourteen patients participated in the study and seven participated in the intensified pharmacokinetic protocol."( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study.
Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)		0.34
" The pharmacokinetic (PK) target was an extrapolated NFV AUC0-24 > 30 mug ."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
" When Cohort 2 NFV PK parameters AP and PP were compared, median Cmax (3."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
" Intensive steady-state 12-h NFV pharmacokinetic profiles were performed during pregnancy and postpartum."( Pharmacokinetics of new 625 mg nelfinavir formulation during pregnancy and postpartum.
Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Febo, I; Holland, DT; Hu, C; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Shearer, WT; Sheeran, EC; Smith, ME; Stek, AM, 2008)		0.63
"Of 27 patients receiving NFV, pharmacokinetic data were available for four (second trimester), 27 (third trimester) and 22 (postpartum) patients."( Pharmacokinetics of new 625 mg nelfinavir formulation during pregnancy and postpartum.
Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Febo, I; Holland, DT; Hu, C; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Shearer, WT; Sheeran, EC; Smith, ME; Stek, AM, 2008)		0.63
"The objective of this study is to evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters, bioavailability of a potent HIV protease inhibitor, nelfinavir mesylate (NFV), following a single oral administration of 2 tablet formulations."( Pharmacokinetic study and comparative bioavailability of two nelfinavir tablet formulations in Iranian healthy volunteers after a low-dose administration.
Derakhshandeh, K; Sohrabi, A, 2009)		0.8
" As a result of the species differences in clearance, the half-life ranged from 10 min in mouse (at low dose) to 5h in monkey."( In vivo and in vitro characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate pharmacokinetics in animals and in human.
Birnböck, H; Götschi, A; Lavé, T; Pähler, A; Ramp, T, 2009)		0.35
"Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonists, showing improved pharmacokinetic profiles without reduction in antagonist activity, were designed and synthesized."( Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonists: Improvement of their pharmacokinetic profiles.
Fukushima, D; Habashita, H; Hirai, K; Hisaichi, K; Maeda, K; Mitsuya, H; Nakai, H; Nishiyama, T; Nishizawa, R; Sagawa, K; Shibayama, S; Tada, H; Takaoka, Y; Toda, M, 2010)		0.36
"Intensive 12-hour pharmacokinetic profiles were performed between either days 4-7 or days 10-14 of life in 26 Brazilian infants."( Nelfinavir and Lamivudine pharmacokinetics during the first two weeks of life.
Bryson, Y; Camarca, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Moye, J; Nielsen-Saines, K; Pilotto, JH; Pinto, J; Rossi, S; Veloso, VG; Watts, DH, 2011)		1.81
": Lamivudine pharmacokinetic parameters observed in this study were consistent with those seen in other studies of neonates."( Nelfinavir and Lamivudine pharmacokinetics during the first two weeks of life.
Bryson, Y; Camarca, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Moye, J; Nielsen-Saines, K; Pilotto, JH; Pinto, J; Rossi, S; Veloso, VG; Watts, DH, 2011)		1.81
" Twelve hour nelfinavir pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted at baseline and after 28 days of β-carotene supplementation (25,000 IU twice daily)."( The effect of β-carotene supplementation on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected patients.
Akhtar, H; Boulassel, MR; Bourbeau, M; Burger, DM; Cameron, DW; Chauhan, BM; DelBalso, L; Foster, BC; Lalonde, RG; Seguin, I; Sheehan, NL; Singhal, N; van Heeswijk, RP, 2012)		0.98
"Eligible pharmacokinetic studies were selected from Pubmed database and concentration time course data were digitally extracted and used for model development."( Pharmacokinetic modeling of simvastatin, nelfinavir and their interaction in humans.
Jindasri, W; Kraiboot, A; Kunyamee, P; Lohitnavy, M; Methaneethorn, J; Wattanasaovaluk, W, 2014)		0.67
"Three compartmental pharmacokinetic models were successfully developed."( Pharmacokinetic modeling of simvastatin, nelfinavir and their interaction in humans.
Jindasri, W; Kraiboot, A; Kunyamee, P; Lohitnavy, M; Methaneethorn, J; Wattanasaovaluk, W, 2014)		0.67
"Simvastatin-nelfinavir pharmacokinetic interaction can be explained by our final model."( Pharmacokinetic modeling of simvastatin, nelfinavir and their interaction in humans.
Jindasri, W; Kraiboot, A; Kunyamee, P; Lohitnavy, M; Methaneethorn, J; Wattanasaovaluk, W, 2014)		1.05
"CYP2C19*1/*2 genotype modestly affected the pharmacokinetic profiles of nelfinavir and M8 in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer."( Impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Evande, R; Grem, JL; Kattel, K; Mahato, RI; Mondal, G; Tan, C, 2015)		0.89
" A pooled population pharmacokinetic analysis with 744 plasma medroxyprogesterone acetate concentrations from 138 women treated with depot medroxyprogesterone and antiretroviral/antituberculosis treatment across three clinical trials was performed."( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment.
Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)		0.62

Compound-Compound Interactions

Squinavir (SQV) hard gel when administered alone and in combination with nelfinavir (NLF) to HIV-positive patients. The molecular mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic properties of metformin combined with nELFinavir remain elusive.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Both analytical methods yielded similar results and showed that the two-drug combinations of nelfinavir with the reverse transcriptase inhibitors ZDV, 3TC, ddI, d4T, and ddC and the three-drug combination with ZDV and 3TC resulted in additive to statistically significant synergistic interactions."( Activities of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor nelfinavir mesylate in combination with reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors against acute HIV-1 infection in vitro.
Bloom, LA; Boritzki, TJ; Patick, AK, 1997)		0.74
"To investigate the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir (SQV) hard gel when administered alone and in combination with nelfinavir (NLF) to HIV-positive patients."( Saquinavir pharmacokinetics alone and in combination with nelfinavir in HIV-infected patients.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F, 1997)		0.75
" Many of the drugs commonly taken by patients with HIV have a strong potential to interact with the protease inhibitors."( Drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors.
Kuper, JJ; Malaty, LI, 1999)		0.3
"Due to changes in hepatic metabolism, protease inhibitors may interact with concurrent treatment."( [HIV protease inhibitors: drug interactions].
Dubreuil, L; Gérard, Y; Maulin, L; Mouton, Y, 1999)		0.3
"Nelfinavir is a novel protease inhibitor that exhibits good inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is currently used in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the management of HIV infection."( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir combined with efavirenz and stavudine during rescue treatment of heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.
Fiocchi, C; Gambarana, E; LoCaputo, F; Maserati, R; Pan, A; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Villani, P, 2000)		2.04
" Saquinavir (SQV) is used alone or in combination with ritonavir (RTV) or nelfinavir (NLF), respectively, in the context of the HAART drug regimen."( Therapeutic drug monitoring of saquinavir in patients during protease inhibitor therapy with saquinavir alone or in combination with ritonavir or nelfinavir.
Klinker, H; Langmann, P; Richter, E; Schlör, C; Väth, T; Weissbrich, B; Zilly, M, 2000)		0.74
" Additivity was seen when Met-SDF-1beta was combined with efavirenz."( In vitro inhibition of HIV-1 by Met-SDF-1beta alone or in combination with antiretroviral drugs.
Bulgheroni, E; Chou, TC; Citterio, P; Croce, F; Galli, M; Herrmann, SH; Hirsch, MS; La Seta Catamancio, S; Merrill, DP; Rusconi, S; Yang, OO, 2000)		0.31
" These drug-drug interactions were not expected, the mechanism(s) is (are) not clear, and additional studies are warranted."( Competing drug-drug interactions among multidrug antiretroviral regimens used in the treatment of HIV- infected subjects: ACTG 884.
Acosta, EP; Cheng, H; Fischl, M; Fletcher, CV; Gulick, RM; Haubrich, R; Hu, XJ; Katzenstein, D; Mills, C; Raasch, R; Remmel, RP, 2000)		0.31
"The purpose of the current study was to determine the efficacy and safety of nevirapine combined with nelfinavir and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in patients previously exposed to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)."( The effect of nevirapine in combination with nelfinavir in heavily pretreated HIV-1-infected patients: a prospective, open-label, controlled, randomized study.
Black, FT; Jensen-Fangel, S; Larsen, L; Obel, N; Thomsen, HF, 2001)		0.79
" Eight neonates born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected mothers were enrolled to receive 1 mg of d4T per kg of body weight twice daily and 100 mg of ddI per m(2) once daily in combination with nelfinavir for 4 weeks after birth."( Pharmacokinetics of stavudine and didanosine coadministered with nelfinavir in human immunodeficiency virus-exposed neonates.
Boonrod, C; Chuenyam, T; Cooper, DA; Damle, BD; Hassink, EA; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Limpongsanurak, S; Phanuphak, P; Rongkavilit, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Srigritsanapol, A; Thaithumyanon, P, 2001)		0.74
"Triple drug combination regimen the most often was composed of: either AZT + 3TC + NFV, ddi + d4T + NFV, or ddI + d4T + NVP."( [Drug combination therapy for children infected with HIV/AIDS--own experience].
Klinowska-Skupniewska, J; Prandota-Schoepp, A, 2001)		0.31
"Three dose levels of the protease inhibitor (PI) atazanavir (200, 400, and 500 mg once daily) were compared with nelfinavir (750 mg three times daily) when given both as monotherapy and in combination with didanosine and stavudine in 420 antiretroviral-naive subjects infected with HIV-1."( Results of a phase 2 clinical trial at 48 weeks (AI424-007): a dose-ranging, safety, and efficacy comparative trial of atazanavir at three doses in combination with didanosine and stavudine in antiretroviral-naive subjects.
Piliero, P; Sanne, I; Schnittman, S; Squires, K; Thiry, A, 2003)		0.53
"Randomized, controlled, open-label trial of 233 protease inhibitor- and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-naive HIV-infected patients allocated to a regimen of nelfinavir and nevirapine (1250/200 mg twice daily; n = 118) or ritonavir and saquinavir (400/400 mg twice daily; n = 115), both in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors."( A randomized trial comparing initial HAART regimens of nelfinavir/nevirapine and ritonavir/saquinavir in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Gerstoft, J; Katzenstein, TL; Kirk, O; Lundgren, JD; Mathiesen, LR; Nielsen, H; Obel, N; Pedersen, C, 2003)		0.76
"A regimen of nelfinavir/nevirapine had a favourable virological effect and tolerability over a 48-week period compared with ritonavir/saquinavir, when administered in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors."( A randomized trial comparing initial HAART regimens of nelfinavir/nevirapine and ritonavir/saquinavir in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Gerstoft, J; Katzenstein, TL; Kirk, O; Lundgren, JD; Mathiesen, LR; Nielsen, H; Obel, N; Pedersen, C, 2003)		0.94
"The nucleotide analogue, tenofovir, has been shown to lower plasma atazanavir levels in pharmacokinetic trials, an interaction that may be partly reversed by the addition of ritonavir, whereas plasma tenofovir levels are themselves raised when the drug is combined with lopinavir/ritonavir."( The steady-state pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in combination with tenofovir in HIV-infected patients.
Becker, M; Breske, A; Esser, S; Hill, A; Koerber, A; Kopperman, M; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Möcklinghoff, C; Ross, B; Stocker, H; Wiehler, H, 2005)		0.6
" When brecanavir was tested in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, the antiviral activity of brecanavir was synergistic with the effects of stavudine and additive to the effects of zidovudine, tenofovir, dideoxycytidine, didanosine, adefovir, abacavir, lamivudine, and emtricitabine."( In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV.
Boone, L; Craig, C; Ferris, R; Furfine, E; Griffin, P; Hale, M; Hanlon, M; Harvey, R; Hazen, R; Kaldor, I; Miller, J; Ray, J; Samano, V; Spaltenstein, A; St Clair, M; Tung, R; Yates, P, 2007)		0.34
" We studied the safety, antiviral effect, and pharmacokinetics of NFV and its M8 metabolite with two dosing regimens in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) in HIV-infected pregnant women."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
"Overall, NFV in combination with ZDV and 3TC was well tolerated."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
"NFV used in combination with ZDV and 3TC was well tolerated in pregnant HIV-infected women and produced a significant improvement in HIV disease parameters."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
" Patients with HIV may also have simultaneous chronic medical conditions, resulting in the possibility of complex drug-drug interactions."( Possible antiretroviral therapy-warfarin drug interaction.
Fulco, PP; Higginson, RT; Zingone, MM, 2008)		0.35
" These mt-QSARs offer also a good opportunity to construct drug-drug Complex Networks (CNs) that can be used to explore large and complex drug-viral species databases."( Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks.
Chou, KC; González-Díaz, H; Martinez de la Vega, O; Prado-Prado, FJ; Ubeira, FM; Uriarte, E, 2009)		0.35
" Along with the case studies, several hurdles for drug development such as dose selection, frequency of dosing, and duration of the clinical studies, picking the right surrogate(s) for efficacy, evaluation of drug-drug interaction potential with other co-substrates have been discussed in line with the current day requirements for a sound clinical and regulatory strategy."( Is there a place for drug combination strategies using clinical pharmacology attributes?--review of current trends in research.
Srinivas, NR, 2009)		0.35
"Conflicting drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies with the HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) suggest net induction or inhibition of intestinal or hepatic CYP3A."( Complex drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors 1: inactivation, induction, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A by ritonavir or nelfinavir.
Collier, AC; Kharasch, ED; Kirby, BJ; Thummel, KE; Unadkat, JD; Whittington, D, 2011)		0.57
"As part of a larger clinical drug-drug interaction (DDI) study aimed at in vitro to in vivo prediction of HIV protease inhibitor metabolic and transporter-based DDIs, we measured the inductive (staggered administration) and inductive plus inhibitory (simultaneously administered) effect of multiple dose ritonavir (RTV), nelfinavir (NFV), or rifampin (RIF) on the pharmacokinetics of the P-glycoprotein probe, digoxin (DIG), when administered simultaneously or staggered with the protease inhibitors or RIF."( Complex drug interactions of the HIV protease inhibitors 3: effect of simultaneous or staggered dosing of digoxin and ritonavir, nelfinavir, rifampin, or bupropion.
Collier, AC; Kharasch, ED; Kirby, BJ; Thummel, KE; Unadkat, JD; Whittington, D, 2012)		0.76
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)		0.38
" We determined dose-limiting toxicity and recommended dose for phase II of nelfinavir in combination with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib."( Treatment with the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir triggers the unfolded protein response and may overcome proteasome inhibitor resistance of multiple myeloma in combination with bortezomib: a phase I trial (SAKK 65/08).
Bader, J; Berset, C; Berthod, G; Driessen, C; Hawle, H; Hess, D; Hitz, F; Huitema, A; Joerger, M; Kraus, M; Mey, UJ; Overkleeft, HS; Pabst, T; Rosing, H; Sessa, C; von Moos, R; Xyrafas, A, 2016)		0.93
"4Gy/33 fractions) was administered with weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin."( ARCII: A phase II trial of the HIV protease inhibitor Nelfinavir in combination with chemoradiation for locally advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer.
Abraham, AG; Brunner, TB; Chu, KY; Durrant, L; Dutton, SJ; Eccles, C; Fokas, E; Hawkins, MA; Maughan, T; McKenna, WG; Mukherjee, S; O'Neill, E; Partridge, M; Patel, N; Wilson, JM; Woodward, M, 2016)		0.68
"CRT combined with nelfinavir showed acceptable toxicity and promising survival in pancreatic cancer."( ARCII: A phase II trial of the HIV protease inhibitor Nelfinavir in combination with chemoradiation for locally advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer.
Abraham, AG; Brunner, TB; Chu, KY; Durrant, L; Dutton, SJ; Eccles, C; Fokas, E; Hawkins, MA; Maughan, T; McKenna, WG; Mukherjee, S; O'Neill, E; Partridge, M; Patel, N; Wilson, JM; Woodward, M, 2016)		1.02
"To assess the potential of second-generation proteasome inhibition by carfilzomib and its combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (HIV-PIs) lopinavir and nelfinavir in vitro for improved treatment of clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC)."( Improving the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma by combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-protease inhibitors lopinavir or nelfinavir.
Abt, D; Bader, J; Besse, A; Besse, L; Driessen, C; Engeler, DS; Kraus, M; Schmid, HP; Sedlarikova, L; Silzle, T; Slaby, O; Vodinska, M, 2018)		0.86
"The molecular mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic properties of metformin combined with nelfinavir remain elusive."( Metformin combined with nelfinavir induces SIRT3/mROS-dependent autophagy in human cervical cancer cells and xenograft in nude mice.
Chen, R; He, Z; Jiang, S; Liang, S; Xia, C; Xiao, G; Xu, W; Yang, J, 2019)		1.04
" As medroxyprogesterone acetate is a cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) substrate, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with antiretroviral or antituberculosis treatment may lead to subtherapeutic medroxyprogesterone acetate concentrations (< 0."( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment.
Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)		0.62

Bioavailability

Nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept, formally AG1343) is a potent and orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease inhibitor. It is being widely prescribed in combination with HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection. Case studies discussed in this review include the use of probenecid to block t.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
" Formulation into several prototypical oral dosage forms for in-vitro evaluation in animal models prior to phase I clinical trials resulted in a several-fold difference in bioavailability between these formulations."( Preformulation studies of a novel HIV protease inhibitor, AG1343.
Longer, M; Shetty, B; Tyle, P; Zamansky, I, 1995)		0.29
" As part of its preclinical development, the oral bioavailability of AG1343 in rats, dogs, monkeys, and marmosets was determined and its tissue distribution in rats was evaluated."( Preclinical pharmacokinetics and distribution to tissue of AG1343, an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease.
Khalil, DA; Kosa, MB; Shetty, BV; Webber, S, 1996)		0.29
"Nelfinavir mesylate, a potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (Ki=2 nM), has undergone Phase III clinical evaluation in a large population of HIV-positive patients."( High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of nelfinavir, a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor, in human plasma.
Daniels, VL; Khalil, DA; Naret, DG; Shetty, BV; Wilkinson, JM; Williams, LJ; Wu, EY, 1997)		1.97
" In vivo studies indicate that AG1343 is well absorbed orally in a variety of species and possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties in humans."( Viracept (nelfinavir mesylate, AG1343): a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.
Appelt, K; Burgess, JA; Campanale, KM; Chirgadze, NY; Clawson, DK; Davies, JF; Dressman, BA; Fritz, JE; Hatch, SD; Kaldor, SW; Kalish, VJ; Khalil, DA; Kosa, MB; Lubbehusen, PP; Muesing, MA; Patick, AK; Reich, SH; Shetty, BV; Su, KS; Tatlock, JH, 1997)		0.7
"NLF increases the oral bioavailability of SQV (hard gel) approximately fivefold."( Saquinavir pharmacokinetics alone and in combination with nelfinavir in HIV-infected patients.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F, 1997)		0.54
" These data demonstrate that P-glycoprotein limits the oral bioavailability and penetration of these agents into the brain."( The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
Fromm, MF; Kim, RB; Leake, B; Roden, DM; Wandel, C; Wilkinson, GR; Wood, AJ, 1998)		0.3
" The drug transporting protein, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is highly expressed in the intestinal mucosa, could be responsible for the low oral bioavailability of these and other drugs which are substrates for this transporter."( Interaction of anti-HIV protease inhibitors with the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in human cultured cells.
Blaschke, TF; Duran, GE; Man, MC; Sikic, BI; Washington, CB, 1998)		0.3
" The ultimate success of DMP 850 and DMP 851 in clinical trials might depend on achieving or exceeding the oral bioavailability seen in dog."( Design and selection of DMP 850 and DMP 851: the next generation of cyclic urea HIV protease inhibitors.
Anderson, PS; Bacheler, LT; Chang, CH; Cordova, B; Erickson-Viitanen, S; Garber, S; Johnson, BL; Klabe, RM; Ko, SS; Lam, PY; Li, R; Reid, C; Rodgers, JD; Ru, Y; Seitz, SP; Trainor, GL; Wang, H; Wright, MR, 1998)		0.3
" The bioavailability of nelfinavir ranges from 20% to 80%, and it increases when nelfinavir is administered with food."( Nelfinavir mesylate: a protease inhibitor.
Nahata, MC; Pai, VB, 1999)		2.05
" The poor bioavailability of the current saquinavir formulation also leads to risk of interactions."( The choice of HIV protease inhibitor: indinavir is currently the best option.
, 1999)		0.3
" The timing and small number of early postdose blood levels did not allow accurate estimation of volume of distribution (V/F) and the absorption rate constant (k(a))."( A population pharmacokinetic analysis of nelfinavir mesylate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients enrolled in a phase III clinical trial.
Dudley, MN; Jackson, KA; Kerr, BM; Pithavala, YK; Rosenbaum, SE; Yuen, G, 2000)		0.57
"Nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept, formally AG1343) is a potent and orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor (K(i) = 2 nM) and is being widely prescribed in combination with HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection."( Circulating metabolites of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir in humans: structural identification, levels in plasma, and antiviral activities.
Kerr, B; Kobayashi, T; Lankford, A; Maeda, Y; Patick, AK; Shetty, B; Webber, S; Wu, E; Zhang, KE; Zorbas, M, 2001)		1.98
" Inhibitors of CYP3A4 such as other protease inhibitors will substantially increase the bioavailability of saquinavir."( CYP3A4-mediated hepatic metabolism of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor saquinavir in vitro.
Back, DJ; Eagling, VA; Whitcombe, IW; Wiltshire, H, 2002)		0.31
" These observations suggested that the oral bioavailability of amprenavir was not so affected by co-administration with saquinavir, nelfinavir or indinavir, compared with ritonavir, whereas amprenavir markedly affected the oral bioavailability of saquinavir and nelfinavir."( In-vitro and in-vivo pharmacokinetic interactions of amprenavir, an HIV protease inhibitor, with other current HIV protease inhibitors in rats.
Gao, W; Kishida, T; Okamoto, H; Shibata, N; Takada, K; Yoshikawa, Y, 2002)		0.52
" R given simultaneously with S decreases S hepatic intrinsic clearance almost 50-fold relative to that predicted for S given alone and increases its gut bioavailability 90% (but decreases its rate of absorption 40%) relative to when N is given simultaneously; 2)."( Model-based analysis of the pharmacokinetic interactions between ritonavir, nelfinavir, and saquinavir after simultaneous and staggered oral administration.
Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Lu, JF; Rosenkranz, SL; Sheiner, LB, 2002)		0.54
" The NFV absorption rate was significantly lower in cirrhotic patients, resulting in a longer time to the maximum concentration in serum."( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its metabolite M8 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-hepatitis C virus-coinfected subjects.
Briganti, E; Castelli, P; Cusato, M; Delle Foglie, P; Fabris, P; Gatti, F; Maserati, R; Mori, F; Nardini, G; Regazzi, M; Roda, R; Sacchelli, L; Testa, L; Villani, P; Zucchi, P, 2005)		0.62
"The absolute bioavailability of nelfinavir was determined in 6 healthy volunteers following simultaneous administration of 1250 mg oral nelfinavir and an intravenous infusion of (14)C-nelfinavir mesylate on day 1 and at steady state."( The application of accelerator mass spectrometry to absolute bioavailability studies in humans: simultaneous administration of an intravenous microdose of 14C-nelfinavir mesylate solution and oral nelfinavir to healthy volunteers.
Garner, RC; Hsyu, PH; Lappin, G; Sarapa, N, 2005)		0.81
" Apparent nelfinavir clearance and volume showed a twofold increase on the day of delivery, suggesting a decrease in bioavailability on this day."( Pregnancy-related effects on nelfinavir-M8 pharmacokinetics: a population study with 133 women.
Chappuy, H; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Mandelbrot, L; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2006)		1.03
" Mean (% intersubject variability) population estimates were: absorption rate 00."( Pharmacokinetic modelling of the placental transfer of nelfinavir and its M8 metabolite: a population study using 75 maternal-cord plasma samples.
Chappuy, H; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Mandelbrot, L; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2007)		0.59
" Methadone bioavailability and P-glycoprotein activity were minimally affected."( Methadone metabolism and clearance are induced by nelfinavir despite inhibition of cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) activity.
Bedynek, PS; Hoffer, C; Kharasch, ED; Walker, A; Whittington, D, 2009)		0.61
"9-fold) and a decreased bioavailability (approximately 45%) during pregnancy."( As in humans, pregnancy increases the clearance of the protease inhibitor nelfinavir in the nonhuman primate Macaca nemestrina.
Chung, F; Mirfazaelian, A; Naraharisetti, SB; Unadkat, JD; Whittington, D; Wu, X; Zhang, H, 2009)		0.58
" Case studies discussed in this review include: a) the use of probenecid to block the organic anion renal transport of oseltamivir carboxylate (a key active metabolite of oseltamivir phosphate) to reduce the oral dose of oseltamivir phosphate; b) the use of rifampicin to induce the CYP2C19 enzyme and thereby, promote the formation of a potent active metabolite M8 (nelfinavir hydroxyl-t-butylamide) and achieve sustained blood levels to combat HIV infection along with ritonavir; c) the use of CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole, cyclosporin A, ritonavir etc to overcome the extensive presystemic metabolism of docetaxel and enhance the oral bioavailability of docetaxel."( Is there a place for drug combination strategies using clinical pharmacology attributes?--review of current trends in research.
Srinivas, NR, 2009)		0.52
"The objective of this study is to evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters, bioavailability of a potent HIV protease inhibitor, nelfinavir mesylate (NFV), following a single oral administration of 2 tablet formulations."( Pharmacokinetic study and comparative bioavailability of two nelfinavir tablet formulations in Iranian healthy volunteers after a low-dose administration.
Derakhshandeh, K; Sohrabi, A, 2009)		0.8
" EMS was well absorbed and exhibited close to 100% oral bioavailability."( In vivo and in vitro characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate pharmacokinetics in animals and in human.
Birnböck, H; Götschi, A; Lavé, T; Pähler, A; Ramp, T, 2009)		0.35
"Previous studies have indicated that intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) limits the oral bioavailability of substrate drugs and alters systemic pharmacokinetics."( Oral bioavailability of P-glycoprotein substrate drugs do not differ between ABCB1-1Δ and ABCB1 wild type dogs.
Mealey, KL; Nelson, FR; Raunig, DL; Schmidt, KR; Waiting, D, 2010)		0.36
"The relative contribution of hepatic compared with intestinal oxidative metabolism is a crucial factor in drug oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy."( Application of a novel regulatable Cre recombinase system to define the role of liver and gut metabolism in drug oral bioavailability.
Gilbert, I; Henderson, CJ; McLaren, AW; McLaughlin, LA; Osuna-Cabello, M; Taylor, M; Wolf, CR, 2015)		0.42
" To improve the solubility and bioavailability of NFM, the self microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was developed."( Quality-by-design based development of a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system to reduce the effect of food on Nelfinavir mesylate.
Kamboj, S; Rana, V, 2016)		0.64
" Recently, the next-generation orally bioavailable irreversible proteasome inhibitor oprozomib was developed."( Next-generation proteasome inhibitor oprozomib synergizes with modulators of the unfolded protein response to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma.
Bogaerts, E; Coucke, C; Devisscher, L; Geerts, A; Laukens, D; Libbrecht, L; Paridaens, A; Raevens, S; Van Steenkiste, C; Van Vlierberghe, H; Vandewynckel, YP; Vandierendonck, A; Verhelst, X, 2016)		0.43
" NFV possesses pH-dependent solubility and has low and variable bioavailability hampering its use in therapeutics."( Lipid Architectonics for Superior Oral Bioavailability of Nelfinavir Mesylate: Comparative in vitro and in vivo Assessment.
Araújo, F; Belubbi, T; Bunker, A; Dhawan, V; Fahr, A; Magarkar, A; Majumdar, A; Nagarsenker, K; Nagarsenker, M; Nunes, R; Sarmento, B; Shevade, S; Sridhar, V; Steiniger, F, 2018)		0.73
"Niclosamide, a widely-used anthelmintic drug, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 virus entry through TMEM16F inhibition and replication through autophagy induction, but the relatively high cytotoxicity and poor oral bioavailability limited its application."( Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of niclosamide analogues against SARS-CoV-2.
Chang, SY; Chao, TL; Chou, YT; Jan, JT; Juang, YP; Liang, PH; Lin, RX; Ma, HH, 2022)		0.72

Dosage Studied

Plasma trough levels of nelfinavir (NFV) and saquinavir (SQV), in a twice daily dosing regimen, were above the protein-corrected IC(95) in most patients. Peak levels were 2- and 5-fold increased with respect to standard doses. No factors affecting dosing strategies were identified.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Formulation into several prototypical oral dosage forms for in-vitro evaluation in animal models prior to phase I clinical trials resulted in a several-fold difference in bioavailability between these formulations."( Preformulation studies of a novel HIV protease inhibitor, AG1343.
Longer, M; Shetty, B; Tyle, P; Zamansky, I, 1995)		0.29
"7 micrograms/ml after dosing with 50 mg/kg in the rat."( Preclinical pharmacokinetics and distribution to tissue of AG1343, an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease.
Khalil, DA; Kosa, MB; Shetty, BV; Webber, S, 1996)		0.29
" Selecting the initial PI must be individualized, and factors to consider include proven activity, possible toxicities, dosing regimens, drug interactions, and costs."( HIV-1 protease inhibitors. A review for clinicians.
Deeks, SG; Holodniy, M; Kahn, JO; Smith, M, 1997)		0.3
" The variability in SQV concentrations both at baseline and following addition of NLF suggest that dosing may best be adjusted by individual therapeutic drug monitoring."( Saquinavir pharmacokinetics alone and in combination with nelfinavir in HIV-infected patients.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F, 1997)		0.54
"Blood samples were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 h after dosing on both study days."( The pharmacokinetics of combination therapy with nelfinavir plus nevirapine.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Breckenridge, AM; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F; Ryan, M; Tjia, JF, 1998)		0.55
" In the absence of therapeutic drug monitoring we suggest that an increase in the standard NFV dosage of 750 mg three times daily will be required to ensure satisfactory NFV plasma concentrations, thereby maintaining antiviral efficacy."( The pharmacokinetics of combination therapy with nelfinavir plus nevirapine.
Back, DJ; Barry, MG; Breckenridge, AM; Halifax, KL; Merry, C; Mulcahy, F; Ryan, M; Tjia, JF, 1998)		0.55
" A dose-response relationship was observed for four (40%) patients in the 771-mg group and six (60%) patients in the 1,026-mg group experiencing a reduction from baseline in plasma HIV RNA of at lest 1 log during the 28-day study."( Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of the potent, specific human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir: results of a phase I/II trial and extended follow-up in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Chapman, S; Clendeninn, N; Higgs, C; Monaghan, J; Moyle, GJ; Nelson, MR; Prince, W; Youle, M, 1998)		0.51
"To review the clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage guidelines of nelfinavir mesylate."( Nelfinavir mesylate: a protease inhibitor.
Nahata, MC; Pai, VB, 1999)		1.95
" Following multiple dosing of nelfinavir 750 mg three times daily, maximum concentration at steady-state was 3-4 micrograms/mL and minimum concentration was 1-3 micrograms/mL."( Nelfinavir mesylate: a protease inhibitor.
Nahata, MC; Pai, VB, 1999)		2.03
" Due to toxicity risks, co-administration is contraindicated for various interacting drugs, whereas dosage adjustments may only be required for others."( [HIV protease inhibitors: drug interactions].
Dubreuil, L; Gérard, Y; Maulin, L; Mouton, Y, 1999)		0.3
" Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were obtained during a dosage interval."( Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) alone and in combination therapy with nelfinavir (NFV) in HIV-1 infected patients.
Castelli, F; Maserati, R; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Torti, C; Viale, P; Villani, P, 1999)		0.53
" EFV exhibits a relatively low interindividual variability and a dosing regimen of 600 mg day-1 assures plasma concentrations that are adequate for inhibition of viral replication."( Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) alone and in combination therapy with nelfinavir (NFV) in HIV-1 infected patients.
Castelli, F; Maserati, R; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Torti, C; Viale, P; Villani, P, 1999)		0.53
"25 mg/L and the mean AUC during the dosing interval was 17."( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir combined with efavirenz and stavudine during rescue treatment of heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.
Fiocchi, C; Gambarana, E; LoCaputo, F; Maserati, R; Pan, A; Regazzi, MB; Seminari, E; Villani, P, 2000)		0.6
" The more convenient twice-daily dosage schedule, which is now approved in the US, may be beneficial in improving patient adherence to therapy."( Nelfinavir: an update on its use in HIV infection.
Bardsley-Elliot, A; Plosker, GL, 2000)		1.75
" The convenience of its dosage administration, the low incidence of adverse events, and the potential for salvage therapies indicate that nelfinavir (as part of combined antiretroviral therapy regimens) should be considered as a first-line option in protease inhibitor-naive patients and in those unable to tolerate other protease inhibitors."( Nelfinavir: an update on its use in HIV infection.
Bardsley-Elliot, A; Plosker, GL, 2000)		1.95
" Trial designs include comparisons between the various licensed protease inhibitors, comparisons of protease inhibitors to other classes of potent antiretroviral drugs, investigations with new protease inhibitors, investigations of protease inhibitor-related toxicities and attempts at simplifying current dosing regimens."( Ongoing trials in HIV protease inhibitors.
Tavel, JA, 2000)		0.31
" All patients received RTV at a dosage of 400 mg twice daily."( Safety, tolerability, and antiretroviral effects of ritonavir-nelfinavir combination therapy administered for 48 weeks.
Apuzzo, L; Deetz, C; Eshleman, SH; Fields, C; Flexner, C; Gallant, JE; Heath-Chiozzi, M; Jackson, JB; Lewis, RH; Raines, CP; Sun, E, 2000)		0.55
" Plasma trough levels of nelfinavir (NFV) and saquinavir (SQV), in a twice daily dosing regimen, were above the protein-corrected IC(95) in most patients despite the addition of an enzymatic inducer such as nevirapine, and peak levels were 2- and 5-fold increased with respect to standard doses."( Efficacy, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of the combination of stavudine, nevirapine, nelfinavir, and saquinavir as salvage regimen after ritonavir or indinavir failure.
Antela, A; Casado, JL; Dehertogh, P; Dronda, F; Hertogs, K; Martí-Belda, P; Moreno, S; Sabido, R, 2001)		0.84
" During one dosing arm, subjects received a single 1200 mg oral dose of azithromycin."( A study of the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin and nelfinavir when coadministered in healthy volunteers.
Amsden, GW; Cabelus, LJ; Foulds, G; Nafziger, AN, 2000)		0.56
"Demographics, dosage regimens, genotype data, viral RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte counts, adverse drug events (ADEs), laboratory tests, and compliance were evaluated over 3 years."( The safety and antiviral effect of protease inhibitors in children.
Koranyi, KI; Nahata, MC; Temple, ME, 2001)		0.31
" Calculation of relative treatment efficacies over the first 2 to 3 weeks of treatment can allow rapid assessment of new antiretroviral agents and dosing regimens, reducing the need to keep subjects in clinical trials on monotherapy for prolonged periods of time."( Short-term measures of relative efficacy predict longer-term reductions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels following nelfinavir monotherapy.
Clendeninn, N; Essunger, P; Markowitz, M; Mittler, J; Perelson, AS; Yuen, GJ, 2001)		0.51
" After multiple dosing experiments in rats, decreases in the plasma concentrations and area under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for HIV PIs have been observed."( Induction of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A by HIV protease inhibitors.
Brouwer, KR; Huang, L; Polli, JW; Serabjit-Singh, C; Woolley, JL; Wring, SA, 2001)		0.31
" In addition, preliminary data suggests the possibility of once daily dosing of ritonavir and saquinavir, which would be expected to increase compliance and allow for direct observed therapy."( Pharmacology and clinical experience with saquinavir.
Kravcik, S, 2001)		0.31
" Each drug trial demonstrates the relationship between dosing and resistance; patients are advised to adhere completely to dosing instructions."( Protease inhibitors and prevention of cross resistance.
Levin, J, 1995)		0.29
"In an attempt to simplify antiretroviral regimens, several studies evaluated the use of either indinavir or nelfinavir in twice-daily dosing regimens."( Simplifying drug regimens.
, 1998)		0.51
" Situations to avoid include using dosing schedules that do not sufficiently suppress the virus, waiting for viral load to return to pre-treatment levels before switching drugs, and not switching drugs to at least two new potent compounds when changing combination therapy."( Update on antivirals.
, 1997)		0.3
" The Conference revealed two trends in protease inhibitor use: the increased simultaneous use of two protease inhibitors (PIs) and the switch to twice-daily dosing for some drugs."( Combinations of protease inhibitors.
, 1998)		0.3
"Two studies examining twice-daily dosing of indinavir and nelfinavir are presented."( Indinavir, nelfinavir -- twice a day?
, 1998)		0.93
" Studies suggest that if a woman is taking both antiretroviral drugs and birth control pills she should discuss increasing the birth control dosage and/or using other means of preventing pregnancy with her doctor."( Pregnant pause.
Heidere, C, 1998)		0.3
" Two other studies examined different dosages of Nelfinavir or Indinavir and found that twice-a-day dosing may be as effective as three times a day."( Antiviral update.
, 1998)		0.55
" On recommendation from Federal guidelines, many treatment regimens approved for adults are being prescribed for children, but these have little information available about dosing and long-term effects."( Antivirals and children.
, 1998)		0.3
" This case involves a 38-year-old, HIV-positive male who, in response to numbness in his left foot, reduced his dosage of d4T by half, without consulting his physician."( Too little of a good thing.
Friedland, GH; Gulick, RM, 1998)		0.3
" A clinical trial of the protease inhibitor Nelfinavir (Viracept) has shown that dosing twice a day may be as effective as the currently prescribed three times a day."( Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy: highlights of the 38th Interscience Conference.
Prescott, LM, 1998)		0.56
" Information on each drug, such as the name of the drug, the dosage normally prescribed, and cost of treatment is listed."( What they say about: protease inhibitors.
, )		0.13
" Protease inhibitors may require strict dosing schedules and food restrictions; most are associated with lipodystrophy (thinning of the arms, legs and face with fat accumulation in the breasts, stomach, and sometimes the upper back)."( What they say about protease inhibitors.
, )		0.13
"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved once-daily dosing of a new 200mg formulation of Bristol-Myers Squibb's nucleoside analog, ddI."( New dosing of ddI (Videx) and Nelfinavir (Viracept) approved.
Highleyman, L, 1999)		0.59
" For levofloxacin, plasma samples were obtained at steady state during a 24-h dosing interval."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation of oral levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects receiving concomitant antiretroviral therapy.
Cadeo, B; Carosi, G; Fiocchi, C; Marchetti, F; Regazzi, MB; Signorini, L; Viale, P; Villani, A; Villani, P, 2001)		0.31
" In Part 1 of the study 14 children were treated orally with SQV-SGC (initially given in three 33-mg/kg doses daily; dosage adjusted to 50 mg/kg three times daily based on initial pharmacokinetics) and two NRTIs."( Combination therapy with saquinavir soft gelatin capsules in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Brundage, RC; Buss, NE; Calles, NR; Craig, C; DeLora, P; Duff, F; Eason, M; Fletcher, CV; Jorga, K; Kline, MW; Schwarzwald, H; Snell, P, 2001)		0.31
" Trough levels are not affected by the dosing regimen; they mainly reflect the important interindividual variability, while remaining fairly stable over time."( Nelfinavir plasma levels under twice-daily and three-times-daily regimens: high interpatient and low intrapatient variability.
Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Decosterd, LA; Marzolini, C; Telenti, A, 2001)		1.75
" Nelfinavir increased the steady-state area under the plasma concentration-time curve during one dosing period (AUC(tau)) of atorvastatin 74% and the maximum concentration (C(max)) of atorvastatin 122% and increased the AUC(tau) of simvastatin 505% and the C(max) of simvastatin 517%."( Pharmacokinetic interactions between nelfinavir and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors atorvastatin and simvastatin.
Hsyu, PH; Kerr, BM; Lewis, RH; Lillibridge, JH; Schultz-Smith, MD, 2001)		1.49
"Nelfinavir dosed at approximately 20 to 30 mg/kg three times a day (TID) in older children provides exposure similar to 750 mg TID in adults."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants.
Becker, MI; Britto, P; Capparelli, EV; Connor, JD; Graham, B; Holland, D; Luzuriaga, K; Mofenson, L; Smith, E; Sullivan, JL, 2001)		2.08
"8 to > or = 10) and was similar between twice a day and TID dosing cohorts."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants.
Becker, MI; Britto, P; Capparelli, EV; Connor, JD; Graham, B; Holland, D; Luzuriaga, K; Mofenson, L; Smith, E; Sullivan, JL, 2001)		0.63
" The single-dose pharmacokinetics of fixed (1200 mg) versus unrestricted weight-adjusted dosing (50 mg/kg) was also investigated."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of saquinavir in pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Brundage, RC; Calles, NR; Delora, P; Duff, F; Fletcher, CV; Grub, S; Jorga, K; Kline, MW; Lüdin, E; Schwarzwald, H, 2002)		0.31
"The complexity of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), with multiple medications, formulations, and dosing intervals, makes adherence challenging."( Reported adherence as a determinant of response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in children who have human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Johnson, GM; Krogstad, PA; Lee, S; Mohan, K; Morse, EV; Nachman, S; Stanley, K; Van Dyke, RB; Wiznia, A, 2002)		0.31
" The highly variable systemic exposure observed in the study indicates that therapeutic drug monitoring seems warranted to ensure adequate NFV dosing in this population."( Dose-escalating study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-exposed neonates.
Boonrod, C; Chuenyam, T; Cooper, DA; Hassink, EA; Hoetelmans, RM; Lange, JM; Limpongsanurak, S; Phanuphak, P; Rongkavilit, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Srigritsanapol, A; Thaithumyanon, P; Ubolyam, S; van Heeswijk, RP, 2002)		0.56
"In this randomized, open-label, one-sequence crossover study, nelfinavir 1250 mg twice a day was dosed for 17 days, followed by 14 days of nelfinavir 1250 mg twice a day plus low doses of ritonavir of either 100 mg or 200 mg orally."( Low-dose ritonavir moderately enhances nelfinavir exposure.
Kaeser, B; Kurowski, M; Mrozikiewicz, A; Popescu, M; Sawyer, A, 2002)		0.82
" Discontinuation of atenolol, and nifedipine dosage reduction by 50% were effective in managing his orthostatic changes."( Symptomatic orthostasis with extended-release nifedipine and protease inhibitors.
Rathbun, RC; Rossi, DR; Slater, LN, 2002)		0.31
" N given simultaneously with S decreases S hepatic intrinsic clearance 10-fold relative to that predicted for S given alone; and 3) R inhibits S hepatic intrinsic clearance even after R plasma levels have become undetectable (>48 h after dosing), implying that R, when used as a pharmacokinetic enhancer, can be dosed less frequently than might be predicted from the duration of detectable systemic concentrations."( Model-based analysis of the pharmacokinetic interactions between ritonavir, nelfinavir, and saquinavir after simultaneous and staggered oral administration.
Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Lu, JF; Rosenkranz, SL; Sheiner, LB, 2002)		0.54
"In children younger than 2 years of age vertically infected with HIV-1, the recommended pediatric dosing regimen for nelfinavir (20 to 30 mg/kg three times a day) provides insufficient drug exposure."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite, hydroxy-tert-butylamide, in infants perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Compagnucci, A; Faye, A; Giaquinto, C; Gibb, DM; Harper, L; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Litalien, C, 2003)		0.85
" The persistent effect of ritonavir suggests the possibility that lower doses and longer dosing intervals might be effective when ritonavir is used to boost concentrations of other protease inhibitors."( Effect of simultaneous versus staggered dosing on pharmacokinetic interactions of protease inhibitors.
Aberg, JA; Blaschke, TF; Flexner, C; Rosenkranz, SL; Segal, Y; Sheiner, LB; Washington, CB, 2003)		0.32
" This may warrant dosage adjustment during pregnancy."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and indinavir in HIV-1-infected pregnant women.
Aweeka, FT; Beckerman, KP; Hayashi, S; Homma, M; Kosel, BW, 2003)		0.64
" Also, these data suggest that paediatric dosing of nelfinavir based on body surface area should be considered."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in children: influencing factors and dose implications.
Bergshoeff, AS; Burger, DM; de Groot, R; Fraaij, PL; Geelen, SP; van Rossum, AM; Wolfs, TF, 2003)		0.89
" NFV dosed at 55 mg/kg BID in children who are <30 kg provides comparable exposure to that measured in children who are >25 kg and receiving NFV 30 mg/kg TID."( Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics in stable human immunodeficiency virus-positive children: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 377.
Aweeka, FT; Floren, LC; Hayashi, S; Jayewardene, A; Johnson, G; Krogstad, P; Nachman, S; Stanley, K; Wiznia, A, 2003)		1.76
" Food consumption was also reduced in this treatment group throughout the dosing period."( Absence of embryo-fetal toxicity in rats or rabbits following oral dosing with nelfinavir.
Burns-Naas, LA; Holson, JF; Masarjian, L; Stump, DG; Webber, S; Zorbas, M, 2003)		0.55
" F(1) animals were not directly dosed with the drug."( Absence of reproductive and developmental toxicity in rats following oral dosing with nelfinavir.
Burns-Naas, LA; Furman, G; Holson, JF; Masarjian, L; Stump, DG; Webber, S; Zorbas, M, 2003)		0.54
" In the latter study, drug-drug interactions, dosing errors, noncompliance and other important problems were identified and corrected."( Clinical use of a simultaneous HPLC assay for indinavir, saquinavir, ritonavir and nelfinavir in children and adults.
Brady, M; Cox, S; Crim, L; Gerber, N; Koranyi, K; Utkin, I; Walson, PD, 2003)		0.54
" GW433908 was generally well tolerated and provides a convenient dosing option without food or fluid restrictions."( The NEAT study: a 48-week open-label study to compare the antiviral efficacy and safety of GW433908 versus nelfinavir in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1-infected patients.
Boghossian, J; Gray, GE; Millard, JM; Nadler, JP; Quinones, AR; Rodriguez-French, A; Sepulveda, GE; Wannamaker, PG, 2004)		0.54
" Venous blood samples from 12 HIV-infected patients (viral load <50 copies/ml) receiving nelfinavir (1250 mg twice daily) and dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy were collected over a full dosage interval (0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h)."( Intracellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and M8 in HIV-infected patients: relationship with P-glycoprotein expression.
Back, DJ; Cornforth, D; Cuthbertson, Z; Daniels, E; Ford, J; Hoggard, PG; Hsyu, P; Johnson, M; Khoo, SH; Meaden, ER; Williams, I, 2004)		0.8
" Blood samples were collected up to 24 h after dosing on days 10 (period 1) and 20 (period 2)."( Effect of efavirenz treatment on the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir boosted by ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; de Graaff-Teulen, MJ; Hekster, YA; Ibanez, SM; Koopmans, PP; la Porte, CJ; Voncken, DS, 2004)		0.57
"The median area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 hours (AUC 0-12), the maximal plasma concentration (C max), and the concentration at the end of the dosing interval (C 12) for nelfinavir post partum were 33."( The pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and M8 during pregnancy and post partum.
Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Gallicano, KD; Khaliq, Y; Phillips, EJ; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2004)		0.82
" Most of the enrolled patients (chronically treated) were taking NFV at the standard dosage of 1,250 mg twice a day."( Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its metabolite M8 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-hepatitis C virus-coinfected subjects.
Briganti, E; Castelli, P; Cusato, M; Delle Foglie, P; Fabris, P; Gatti, F; Maserati, R; Mori, F; Nardini, G; Regazzi, M; Roda, R; Sacchelli, L; Testa, L; Villani, P; Zucchi, P, 2005)		0.62
" Seven patients received indinavir at a dosage of 800 mg three times daily and three patients received nelfinavir at a dosage of 750 mg three times daily."( Pharmacokinetic interaction between chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and protease inhibitors in HIV-1-infected patients.
Bassetti, D; Bassetti, M; Cinelli, R; Cruciani, M; Di Gennaro, G; Gatti, G; Tirelli, U; Vaccher, E, 2005)		0.54
" Food increased the systemic exposure to nelfinavir (as reflected by comparison of the logarithmically transformed AUC(0-inf) values under fed and fasted conditions) by six- and eight-fold after dosing with the 250 mg and the 625 mg tablet, respectively."( Assessment of the bioequivalence of two nelfinavir tablet formulations under fed and fasted conditions in healthy subjects.
Banken, L; Birnboeck, H; Charoin, JE; Gerber, M; Kaeser, B; Oxley, P; Saiedabadi, N, 2005)		0.86
" Taken together, the absence of a dose-response effect for NK activity in male rats treated for 1 month, the lack of suppressive effects in females treated for either 1 or 6 months, and the unchanged splenic NK cell numbers in nelfinavir-treated animals at both 1 and 6 months suggest that the decreased NK activity noted in male rats at 1 month is not biologically relevant."( Immunotoxicity evaluation of nelfinavir in rats.
Burns-Naas, LA; Ivett, J; McCay, JA; Webber, S; White, KL; Zorbas, M, 2005)		0.8
" Accelerator mass spectrometry microdosing reduces potential safety issues around dosing radioactivity to humans and prevents the need to formulate high intravenous doses."( The application of accelerator mass spectrometry to absolute bioavailability studies in humans: simultaneous administration of an intravenous microdose of 14C-nelfinavir mesylate solution and oral nelfinavir to healthy volunteers.
Garner, RC; Hsyu, PH; Lappin, G; Sarapa, N, 2005)		0.53
" Tenofovir, nelfinavir, and M8 pharmacokinetics was unaltered when tenofovir and nelfinavir were coadministered, and tenofovir administration did not affect the M8/nelfinavir area under the concentration-versus-time curve over the dosing interval (AUC(tau)) ratio."( Lack of pharmacokinetic drug interaction between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and nelfinavir mesylate.
Boffito, M; Higgs, C; Kearney, BP; Mathias, A; Pozniak, A; Shah, J; Zhong, L, 2005)		0.93
"To improve the dosing frequency and pill burden of antiretroviral therapy, we compared two once-daily dosed regimens to a twice-daily dosed regimen."( Comparison of two once-daily regimens with a regimen consisting of nelfinavir, didanosine, and stavudine in antiretroviral therapy-naïve adults: 48-week results from the Antiretroviral Regimen Evaluation Study (ARES).
Borleffs, JC; Hassink, EA; Juttmann, JR; Koopmans, PP; Lange, JM; Lowe, SH; Richter, C; Schreij, G; ten Kate, RW; van der Tweel, I; Wensing, AM, )		0.37
"HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral drug-naïve adults were randomized to either twice-daily nelfinavir and stavudine and once-daily didanosine (regimen A) or simplified once-daily dosed antiretroviral regimens consisting of nevirapine, didanosine, and lamivudine (regimen B) or saquinavir, ritonavir, didanosine, and lamivudine (regimen C)."( Comparison of two once-daily regimens with a regimen consisting of nelfinavir, didanosine, and stavudine in antiretroviral therapy-naïve adults: 48-week results from the Antiretroviral Regimen Evaluation Study (ARES).
Borleffs, JC; Hassink, EA; Juttmann, JR; Koopmans, PP; Lange, JM; Lowe, SH; Richter, C; Schreij, G; ten Kate, RW; van der Tweel, I; Wensing, AM, )		0.59
"No statistically significant difference in efficacy was found between the two investigated once-daily dosed treatment regimens (B and C) and the reference (A)."( Comparison of two once-daily regimens with a regimen consisting of nelfinavir, didanosine, and stavudine in antiretroviral therapy-naïve adults: 48-week results from the Antiretroviral Regimen Evaluation Study (ARES).
Borleffs, JC; Hassink, EA; Juttmann, JR; Koopmans, PP; Lange, JM; Lowe, SH; Richter, C; Schreij, G; ten Kate, RW; van der Tweel, I; Wensing, AM, )		0.37
" The apparent threshold in the plasma concentration of zosuquidar necessary to produce significant enhancement in brain uptake of nelfinavir appears to be close to the plasma concentrations associated with the maximum tolerated dose reported in the literature after repeated dosing of zosuquidar in patients."( Dependence of nelfinavir brain uptake on dose and tissue concentrations of the selective P-glycoprotein inhibitor zosuquidar in rats.
Anderson, BD; Jordan, S; Leggas, M; May, MJ; Roberts, MJ; Song, L, 2006)		0.9
" In both instances, the carbamazepine dosage was decreased by 33%, which resulted in resolution of symptoms."( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir.
Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)		0.58
" Carbamazepine toxicity may be prevented by reducing the carbamazepine dosage by 25-50% when protease inhibitors are introduced."( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir.
Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)		0.58
" The Bayesian individual pharmacokinetic estimates suggested that the dosage should not be changed in pregnant women but may be doubled on the day of delivery."( Pregnancy-related effects on nelfinavir-M8 pharmacokinetics: a population study with 133 women.
Chappuy, H; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Mandelbrot, L; Pons, G; Rey, E; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2006)		0.63
"The objectives of this study are to develop and validate a population pharmacokinetic model that adequately describes the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children; to define factors involved in the pharmacokinetic variability, which could aid in defining dosing strategies; and to correlate the pharmacokinetics to the treatment response."( Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children.
Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kuijpers, TW; Mathôt, RA; Scherpbier, HJ, 2006)		0.79
" No factors affecting dosing strategies were identified, and no correlation could be demonstrated between the exposure to nelfinavir and M8 and the virologic treatment response."( Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 in HIV-1-infected children.
Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kuijpers, TW; Mathôt, RA; Scherpbier, HJ, 2006)		0.79
" Thus, adjustments in drug dosage or frequency of administration may be required."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in HIV-1-infected pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Cavaliere, AF; Cusato, M; degli Antoni, A; Floridia, M; Guaraldi, G; Molinari, A; Pirillo, MF; Regazzi, M; Tamburrini, E; Vanzini, C; Villani, P, 2006)		0.66
" In subjects with moderate impairment, steady-state area under the plasma concentration time-curve over the dosing interval and maximum observed plasma concentrations were 62% and 22% higher for nelfinavir than for controls, and for M8 were 46% and 35% of control values."( Pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir in subjects with hepatic impairment.
Becker, M; Damle, B; Hewlett, D; Hsyu, PH; Petersen, A, 2006)		0.85
" Blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after dosing for measurement of nelfinavir, the nelfinavir metabolite M8 and saquinavir using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)."( Saquinavir, nelfinavir and M8 pharmacokinetics following combined saquinavir, ritonavir and nelfinavir administration.
Arastéh, K; Becker, M; Berger, M; Breske, A; Herzmann, C; Hill, A; Kruse, G; Kurowski, M; Schulbin, H; Steinmüller, J; Stocker, H, 2007)		0.93
"Coadministration of rifabutin and isoniazid without dosage adjustment during twice-weekly tuberculosis therapy with nelfinavir-based antiretroviral therapy resulted in rifabutin exposures within the acceptable ranges for safety and efficacy."( Clinical evaluation of the nelfinavir-rifabutin interaction in patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Becker, MI; Benator, DA; Burman, WJ; Engle, M; Hsyu, PH; Jones, BE; Khan, AE; Peloquin, CA; Sandman, L; Silva-Trigo, C; Vernon, AA; Weiner, MH; Zhao, ZA, 2007)		0.85
" When efavirenz (four patients) or a nucleoside analogue combination (one patient) was added, very little change in tacrolimus dosing was required."( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study.
Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)		0.34
" Tacrolimus dosing must be optimised according to therapeutic drug monitoring and the antiretroviral drug combination."( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study.
Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)		0.34
" In the presence of omeprazole, nelfinavir area under the concentration-time curve over the dosing interval (AUC(tau)), maximum observed plasma concentration (C(max)), and minimum observed plasma concentration (C(min)) were reduced by an average of 36%, 37%, and 39%, respectively, relative to administration of nelfinavir alone."( Significant decrease in nelfinavir systemic exposure after omeprazole coadministration in healthy subjects.
Crownover, PH; Damle, BD; Fang, AF; Glue, PW; Hewlett, D; LaBadie, RR, 2008)		0.94
" We studied the safety, antiviral effect, and pharmacokinetics of NFV and its M8 metabolite with two dosing regimens in combination with zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) in HIV-infected pregnant women."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir when used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) Protocol 353.
Asfaw, Y; Bryson, YJ; Capparelli, E; Connor, J; Huang, S; Hughes, MD; Kaiser, K; Keller, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, LM; Purdue, L; Smith, E; Stek, A; Watts, DH, )		0.42
"01), so that a marked dosage increase was needed (0."( Drop in trough blood concentrations of tacrolimus after switching from nelfinavir to fosamprenavir in four HIV-infected liver transplant patients.
Adani, GL; Bresadola, V; Furlanut, M; Londero, A; Pavan, F; Pea, F; Tavio, M; Viale, P, 2008)		0.58
" In the first four papers, the course of events and the toxicological information available at the outset are summarized and a traditional cancer risk assessment on the basis of a linear default dose-response is made."( The Viracept (nelfinavir)--ethyl methanesulfonate case: a threshold risk assessment for human exposure to a genotoxic drug contamination?
Lutz, WK, 2009)		0.71
" Prior to starting our investigations we searched the literature for toxicity data on this well established mutagen with specific attention to dose-response relations in in vivo genotoxicity studies, since, obviously, in vivo data are pivotal for risk assessment."( Literature review on the genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and carcinogenicity of ethyl methanesulfonate.
Bürgin, H; Gocke, E; Müller, L; Pfister, T, 2009)		0.35
" It also presents an outlook on the nature of additional research building upon the Viracept-EMS case to test assumptions underlying thresholded dose-response relationships and to establish biologically based risk assessment models in lieu of default models for DNA-reactive compounds."( The Viracept-EMS case: impact and outlook.
Casciano, DA; Tweats, DJ; Walker, VE, 2009)		0.35
" GI parameters (gastric emptying rate and fluid volume) appropriate to the dosing conditions (fasting and fed states) were used in the PBPK model."( Precipitation in the small intestine may play a more important role in the in vivo performance of poorly soluble weak bases in the fasted state: case example nelfinavir.
Dressman, JB; Jantratid, E; Shono, Y, 2011)		0.57
"There are no previous data describing nelfinavir and lamivudine pharmacokinetics in neonates treated with weight-band dosing regimens."( Nelfinavir and Lamivudine pharmacokinetics during the first two weeks of life.
Bryson, Y; Camarca, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Moye, J; Nielsen-Saines, K; Pilotto, JH; Pinto, J; Rossi, S; Veloso, VG; Watts, DH, 2011)		2.08
"Pharmacokinetic study of nelfinavir and lamivudine pharmacokinetics in infants during the first 2 weeks of life treated with weight-band dosing regimens."( Nelfinavir and Lamivudine pharmacokinetics during the first two weeks of life.
Bryson, Y; Camarca, M; Mirochnick, M; Mofenson, L; Moye, J; Nielsen-Saines, K; Pilotto, JH; Pinto, J; Rossi, S; Veloso, VG; Watts, DH, 2011)		2.12
" Lopinavir was active at levels well below those achieved with standard dosing of coformulated lopinavir-ritonavir."( In vitro activity of antiretroviral drugs against Plasmodium falciparum.
Nsanzabana, C; Rosenthal, PJ, 2011)		0.37
"Nelfinavir was found to be a new class of HSP90 inhibitor and can be brought to HER2-breast cancer treatment trials with the same dosage regimen as that used among HIV patients."( Selective inhibition of HER2-positive breast cancer cells by the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir.
Beebe, K; Han, I; Liu, JO; Nahta, R; Neckers, L; Rao, R; Shim, JS, 2012)		2.04
"Nelfinavir, now available as an inexpensive generic orally dosed agent (Nelvir), is cytotoxic against cervical cancer cells."( Nelfinavir is effective against human cervical cancer cells in vivo: a potential treatment modality in resource-limited settings.
Davis, MA; Delaney, JR; Patel, CB; Storgard, R; Stupack, DG, 2016)		3.32
"1 ng/mL), resulting in contraception failure, when depot medroxyprogesterone is dosed at 12-week intervals."( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment.
Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)		0.62
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (2)

RoleDescription
HIV protease inhibitorAn inhibitor of HIV protease, an enzyme required for production of proteins needed for viral assembly.
antineoplastic agentA substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (6)

ClassDescription
benzamides
phenolsOrganic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring.
aryl sulfideAny organic sulfide in which the sulfur is attached to at least one aromatic group.
secondary alcoholA secondary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has two other carbon atoms attached to it.
tertiary amino compoundA compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.
organic heterobicyclic compound
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (114)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.43583.189029.884159.4836AID1224846; AID1224894
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency15.74000.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.25760.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.25760.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.54520.000714.592883.7951AID1259368; AID1259369; AID1259392
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.77490.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743053; AID743054; AID743063
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.87010.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.26220.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.15250.001022.650876.6163AID1224838; AID1224893
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.53050.000417.946075.1148AID1346784; AID1346795
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.43740.01237.983543.2770AID1346984; AID1645841
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.55780.000214.376460.0339AID720691; AID720692; AID720719
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.76880.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.57300.000817.505159.3239AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.00370.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.37520.375827.485161.6524AID743217; AID743220; AID743239
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.11610.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982; AID1346985
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.58700.000229.305416,493.5996AID1259244; AID1259248; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency15.48710.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.46710.00108.379861.1304AID1645840
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.61830.001024.504861.6448AID743212; AID743215
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.11850.001019.414170.9645AID743094; AID743140; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.19350.023723.228263.5986AID743222; AID743223
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency40.87010.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.14890.001723.839378.1014AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency44.63210.001628.015177.1139AID1224895
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.76970.143427.612159.8106AID1159516
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency60.064419.739145.978464.9432AID1159509
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency35.48130.10009.191631.6228AID1346983
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency123.55400.039147.5451146.8240AID1224845; AID1224896
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.01789.637444.6684AID588834
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.72240.000323.4451159.6830AID743065; AID743067
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency38.32550.042027.378961.6448AID743210; AID743228
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.12430.000627.21521,122.0200AID743202; AID743219
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency18.62340.001557.789015,848.9004AID1259244
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.39050.00339.158239.8107AID1347407; AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.48710.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency30.79520.002319.595674.0614AID651631; AID720552
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency18.62340.001551.739315,848.9004AID1259244
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.48710.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.96010.011917.942071.5630AID651632
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.96010.011912.222168.7989AID651632
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.48710.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency3.16235.623417.292931.6228AID485281
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.01846.806014.1254AID624417
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.15470.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.00527.809829.0929AID588855
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency19.95260.28189.721235.4813AID2326
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency11.51890.00018.4406100.0000AID720579; AID720580
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.01268.156944.6684AID2101
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency89.12510.707936.904389.1251AID504333
alpha-galactosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.58934.466818.391635.4813AID2107
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.99530.005210.865235.4813AID686970
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.92900.00419.984825.9290AID504444
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.14130.022421.010289.1251AID485314
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.07950.15855.287912.5893AID540303
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.07950.15855.287912.5893AID540303
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.07950.15855.287912.5893AID540303
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency11.22020.00798.23321,122.0200AID2551
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.41110.004611.374133.4983AID624296; AID624297
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.22890.005612.367736.1254AID624032; AID624044
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.251215.843239.8107AID504327
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.00001.778316.208135.4813AID652104
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, ASPARTYLPROTEASEHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Ki0.00200.00200.00200.0020AID977610
Chain B, ASPARTYLPROTEASEHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Ki0.00200.00200.00200.0020AID977610
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1IC50 (µMol)41.50000.00403.43889.5100AID1805532
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)133.00000.63154.45319.3000AID1473740
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)97.00000.20005.677410.0000AID1473741
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.80000.11007.190310.0000AID1443980; AID1443990; AID1473738
Epidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)55.62900.00000.536910.0000AID625184
Gag-Pol polyproteinHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE)Ki0.01460.00000.08283.3000AID1795271; AID1796305; AID1797110
Gag-Pol polyproteinHIV-1 M:B_HXB2RKi0.26870.00000.51449.0000AID1795276; AID1797107
Gag-Pol polyproteinHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (RF/HAT ISOLATE)Ki0.02850.00000.05051.6160AID1797110
Tyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)79.16600.00021.317310.0000AID625187
Tyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)7.97100.00021.67898.6800AID625185
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)8.85200.00041.877310.0000AID625207
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki8.77900.00322.28879.3160AID625207
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)5.22780.00022.318510.0000AID150752; AID150755; AID1604115; AID1604116; AID1604117; AID1604118; AID416864; AID680049; AID681122
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.27500.00011.753610.0000AID54923; AID625251
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.48000.00011.41629.9000AID589156
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)86.07400.00010.99178.0000AID625155
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)Ki61.84000.00000.72926.9183AID625155
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC50 (µMol)41.50000.00402.92669.9600AID1805532
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)14.79600.00001.89408.5470AID625196
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.36300.00000.930610.0000AID625196
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2IC50 (µMol)41.50000.00022.45859.9600AID1805532
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC50 (µMol)13.79700.11003.26419.0330AID625146
Beta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)34.08000.00233.24158.0600AID625206
Beta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki25.56600.00302.30986.0450AID625206
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)36.38900.00101.979414.1600AID625228
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki24.25900.00031.21858.9270AID625228
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)79.43280.12004.048010.0000AID1207378
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)17.34800.00021.874210.0000AID416864; AID625196
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki8.36300.00010.949010.0000AID625196
Cytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.57000.02202.60407.6000AID589169
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)2.30000.20004.713010.0000AID150753; AID681119
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)29.38000.00013.12109.5530AID625227
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki9.79300.00011.92429.7930AID625227
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)12.93500.00031.84739.2250AID625252
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki6.46700.00010.836310.0000AID625252
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)19.90000.00021.270410.0000AID416864
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)8.85200.00081.541620.0000AID625207
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.77900.00031.465610.0000AID625207
Thromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)21.11000.00091.230410.0000AID625229
Gag-Pol polyproteinHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (STRAIN UGANDAN / ISOLATE U455)Ki0.02850.00000.05051.6160AID1797110
CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziIC50 (µMol)222.00000.00022.04508.0000AID484274; AID484275
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)22.50300.00253.09269.5820AID625180
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)14.43200.00010.813310.0000AID625163
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki5.85900.00000.419710.0000AID625163
Delta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)66.14900.00020.75218.0140AID625161
Delta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki23.31900.00000.59789.9300AID625161
Kappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)35.99600.00001.201110.0000AID625162
Kappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki14.39800.00000.362410.0000AID625162
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)17.34800.00001.819410.0000AID416864; AID625196
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki8.36300.00000.965010.0000AID625196
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)79.43280.12004.048010.0000AID1207378
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)15.52500.00071.841946.0000AID625256
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki12.33500.00021.11158.0280AID625256
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)10,712.19230.00091.901410.0000AID1207472; AID1207502; AID1207532
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)290.30990.00033.64849.2000AID1207318; AID1207348
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)18.22400.00010.72667.8000AID625182
Solute carrier family 22 member 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)21.80000.18003.68578.8000AID679318
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1IC50 (µMol)0.53000.00010.22487.3200AID82627
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1Ki0.01640.00000.04433.1000AID160300; AID160455; AID160481; AID161524; AID161874; AID219260; AID225562; AID225563; AID225564; AID238682; AID343015; AID343016; AID343017; AID343018; AID343019; AID343020; AID343021
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)133.00002.41006.343310.0000AID1473739
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)5,011.87011.40005.35009.3000AID1207438
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)12.50000.00401.966610.0000AID1873203; AID679171
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1IC50 (µMol)0.00540.00000.81769.8500AID458605; AID656209
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1Ki0.00040.00000.02841.1000AID321660; AID343014; AID374591
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1Kd0.00160.00010.04120.5770AID162706; AID238043
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1Kd0.01470.00000.61178.1500AID673196; AID673197; AID673198
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
AlbuminHomo sapiens (human)KD26.00006.00006.00006.0000AID239810
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1ED500.55200.00140.41032.4700AID104301; AID104302; AID104303; AID104304; AID104312
Protease Human immunodeficiency virus 1Km24.61438.30008.30008.3000AID343030; AID343031; AID343032; AID343033; AID343034; AID343035; AID343036
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (744)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagyInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT proteinInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-betaInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replicationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic processInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine productionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
humoral immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independentHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergyHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
defense responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacteriumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiationHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class IbHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
isotype switchingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypesATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloadingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalizationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic processAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transportAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretionMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assemblyMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulationMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
urate transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compoundBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidationBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathwayBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to estrogenBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cellBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretionBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ossificationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
embryonic placenta developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
hair follicle developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
translationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of phospholipase C activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
salivary gland morphogenesisEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
midgut developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
learning or memoryEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
circadian rhythmEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
diterpenoid metabolic processEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex cell migrationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growthEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
lung developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of superoxide anion generationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to cobalaminEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to hydroxyisoflavoneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to reactive oxygen speciesEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ERBB2-EGFR signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein catabolic processEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ovulation cycleEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
hydrogen peroxide metabolic processEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAP kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
tongue developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA repairEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replicationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorptionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitotic cell cycleEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of JNK cascadeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cellEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein autophosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
astrocyte activationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
digestive tract morphogenesisEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projection morphogenesisEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein insertion into membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to calcium ionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergicEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glial cell proliferationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
morphogenesis of an epithelial foldEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
eyelid development in camera-type eyeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to UV-AEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mucus secretionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cadmium ionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to estradiol stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to dexamethasone stimulusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
liver regenerationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein kinase C activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of prolactin secretionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cardiocyte differentiationEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neurogenesisEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism developmentEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathwayEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarizationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ion starvationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxificationAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
transportAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
viral life cycleGag-Pol polyproteinHIV-1 M:B_HXB2R
establishment of integrated proviral latencyGag-Pol polyproteinHIV-1 M:B_HXB2R
protein phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular zinc ion homeostasisTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
hemopoiesisTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
platelet activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migrationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of lymphocyte activationTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesionTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
response to singlet oxygenTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
neuron migrationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
heart processTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transportTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
axon guidanceTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
learningTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
feeding behaviorTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell shapeTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
gene expressionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic processTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron projection developmentTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic processTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
forebrain developmentTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein ubiquitinationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosisTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein catabolic processTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteinTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite morphogenesisTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
activated T cell proliferationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migrationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of painTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulusTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein targeting to membraneTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spine maintenanceTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to nucleusTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dendritic spine maintenanceTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
response to amyloid-betaTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amyloid-betaTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to L-glutamateTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glycineTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to membraneTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycleATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
terpenoid transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of response to osmotic stressATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of anion channel activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciolCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
gastric acid secretionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transportMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
transmission of nerve impulseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylationMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modificationReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
inflammatory responseAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activityAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart contractionAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
response to woundingAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine secretionAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathwayAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated endocytosisBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
diet induced thermogenesisBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate metabolic processBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
generation of precursor metabolites and energyBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
energy reserve metabolic processBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to coldBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
heat generationBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of multicellular organism growthBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
eating behaviorBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
brown fat cell differentiationBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine-epinephrine-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressureBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell maturationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of soundPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
vestibular nucleus developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule organizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to acidic pHPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to light stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein targeting to membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylationCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic processCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylationCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
muscle contractionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
tachykinin receptor signaling pathwaySubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmissionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intestine smooth muscle contractionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
operant conditioningSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular permeabilitySubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of monoatomic ion transportSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contractionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to electrical stimulusSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
prolactin secretionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contractionSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of flagellated sperm motilitySubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
temperature homeostasisD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
conditioned taste aversionD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear responseD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein phosphorylationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, dopaminergicD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to amphetamineD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
activation of adenylate cyclase activityD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathwayD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synapse assemblyD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
memoryD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mating behaviorD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
grooming behaviorD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adult walking behaviorD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
visual learningD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
astrocyte developmentD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine transportD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transmission of nerve impulseD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal action potentialD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dentate gyrus developmentD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
striatum developmentD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migrationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
peristalsisD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
operant conditioningD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, glutamatergicD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine metabolic processD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
vasodilationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine metabolic processD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
maternal behaviorD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transportD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glucose importD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
habituationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensitizationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to cocaineD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergicD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
prepulse inhibitionD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathwayD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic potentiationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic depressionD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to catecholamine stimulusD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
modification of postsynaptic structureD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron migrationD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of MAPK cascadeD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine receptor signaling pathwayD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
monoamine transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to painSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptakeSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transmembrane transportSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic processThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid metabolic processThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathwayThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular chloride ion homeostasisThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstrictionThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
response to fatty acidThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxisMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage proliferationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-templated transcriptionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
Schwann cell developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
phosphorylationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of painMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ossificationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
BMP signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular pHMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
thyroid gland developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cyclase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid starvationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to reactive oxygen speciesMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
ERBB2-ERBB3 signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
outer ear morphogenesisMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
myelinationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
thymus developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cartilage developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
stress-activated MAPK cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytoskeleton organizationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of telomerase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
Bergmann glial cell differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
face developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
lung morphogenesisMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
trachea formationMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac neural crest cell development involved in heart developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
response to epidermal growth factorMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cadmium ionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
caveolin-mediated endocytosisMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of Golgi inheritanceMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
xenophagyMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of TORC1 signalingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of telomere cappingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of xenophagyMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of early endosome to late endosome transportMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathwayMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perceptionMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of painMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathwayMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to ethanolMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neurogenesisMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Wnt protein secretionMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transmembrane transportMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to morphineMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to stressMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of NMDA receptor activityMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
immune responseDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein-containing complex assemblyDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activityDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to nicotineDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathwayDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
eating behaviorDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transportDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to growth factor stimulusDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to toxic substanceDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
immune responseKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perceptionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory behaviorKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of painKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathwayKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to insulinKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dopamine secretionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to nicotineKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathwayKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
maternal behaviorKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
eating behaviorKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to estrogenKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
estrous cycleKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of saliva secretionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to cocaineKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of temperature stimulusKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose stimulusKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of p38MAPK cascadeKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to acrylamideKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of eating behaviorKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
conditioned place preferenceKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
gastrin-induced gastric acid secretionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose metabolic processPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
heart developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of soundPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
rhythmic behaviorPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressurePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of heart ratePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
iodide transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
erythrocyte differentiationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular chloride ion homeostasisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
social behaviorPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
corticosterone secretionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
inner ear morphogenesisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
inner ear developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
intestinal absorptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of soundPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
auditory receptor cell developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gastric acid secretionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
stomach developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
renal absorptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
renal sodium ion absorptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
adrenergic receptor signaling pathwayPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
atrial cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cochlea developmentPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
non-motile cilium assemblyPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion import across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
lactationSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of smellSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
locomotory behaviorSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to iron ionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
adenohypophysis developmentSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to nicotineSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of multicellular organism growthSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine metabolic processSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to cocaineSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine biosynthetic processSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine catabolic processSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
cognitionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
response to cAMPSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptakeSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
prepulse inhibitionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptakeSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
hyaloid vascular plexus regressionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transmembrane transportSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by hormonePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion import across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein phosphorylationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA processingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
RNA splicingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stabilityTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
response to endoplasmic reticulum stressTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleusTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation by host of viral transcriptionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
rhythmic processTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane organizationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rateSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac conduction system developmentSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac ventricle developmentSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
brainstem developmentSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transportSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of sodium ion transportSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to denervation involved in regulation of muscle adaptationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
telencephalon developmentSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transmembrane transportSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
odontogenesis of dentin-containing toothSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarizationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane depolarizationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane depolarizationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ionSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contractionSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cardiac muscle cell contractionSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
atrial cardiac muscle cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
SA node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
AV node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
bundle of His cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during Purkinje myocyte cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during bundle of His cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
AV node cell to bundle of His cell communicationSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transportSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage checkpoint signalingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cell morphogenesisMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cartilage condensationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
osteoblast differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
placenta developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to dietary excessMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
chondrocyte differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
glucose metabolic processMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
transcription by RNA polymerase IIMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
chemotaxisMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
skeletal muscle tissue developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of myotube differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-serine phosphorylationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid oxidationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ossificationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
osteoclast differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cyclase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to muramyl dipeptideMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-12 productionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hippo signalingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
response to muscle stretchMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
p38MAPK cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of myoblast differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
glucose importMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glucose importMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
striated muscle cell differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of muscle cell differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
stress-activated MAPK cascadeMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
bone developmentMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilizationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipoteichoic acidMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to tumor necrosis factorMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-BMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathwayMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiationMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
stress-induced premature senescenceMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic membrane adhesionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory responseMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of myoblast fusionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic processCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cellCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein homooligomerizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
lipid transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid biosynthetic processBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate metabolic processBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
renal urate salt excretionBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxificationBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (241)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cytokine activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
MAP kinase kinase kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane signaling receptor activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
calmodulin bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
kinase bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activator activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activityEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
actin filament bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ATPase bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor bindingEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
toxic substance bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
antioxidant activityAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
exogenous protein bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
enterobactin bindingAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
peptidase activityGag-Pol polyproteinHIV-1 M:B_HXB2R
integrase activityGag-Pol polyproteinHIV-1 M:B_HXB2R
phosphotyrosine residue bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase activator activityTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
SH2 domain bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
CD4 receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
CD8 receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
ATPase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase activator activityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
tau protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
tau-protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
growth factor receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activityMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
cysteine-type endopeptidase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
5'-3' RNA helicase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K63-linked deubiquitinase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K48-linked deubiquitinase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activityAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
cysteine-type endopeptidase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA guanylyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
RNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoestersReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
ISG15-specific peptidase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
5'-3' RNA helicase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
protein guanylyltransferase activityReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
norepinephrine bindingBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
beta-adrenergic receptor activityBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
beta3-adrenergic receptor activityBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
beta-3 adrenergic receptor bindingBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
epinephrine bindingBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
potassium channel regulator activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
telethonin bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen bindingCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activityCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)
tachykinin receptor activitySubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
substance K receptor activitySubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via GsD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G-protein alpha-subunit bindingD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activityD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
heterotrimeric G-protein bindingD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine bindingD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
arrestin family protein bindingD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activityD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
actin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
beta-tubulin bindingSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activityThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
thromboxane-A synthase activityThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion bindingThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygenThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
heme bindingThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid synthase activityThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase activityThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
phosphotyrosine residue bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
MAP kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatase bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
G-protein alpha-subunit bindingMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activityMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
beta-endorphin receptor activityMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated calcium channel activityMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
morphine receptor activityMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G-protein beta-subunit bindingMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide bindingMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor activityDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor serine/threonine kinase bindingDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activityDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide bindingDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor activityKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor serine/threonine kinase bindingKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dynorphin receptor activityKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide bindingKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
calmodulin bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 1 bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
outward rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase A catalytic subunit bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase A regulatory subunit bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activitySodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
amine bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
heterocyclic compound bindingSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activitySodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
C3HC4-type RING finger domain bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
pre-mRNA intronic bindingTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
molecular condensate scaffold activityTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activitySodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
calmodulin bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
fibroblast growth factor bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ankyrin bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nitric-oxide synthase bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in AV node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in bundle of His cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in SA node cell action potentialSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
MAP kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
MAP kinase kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
NFAT protein bindingMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activityMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
A-type (transient outward) potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (134)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
extracellular spaceInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complexHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGlutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
fibrillar centerInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
Elg1 RFC-like complexATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
membraneAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complexAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculusBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculusBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ruffle membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endosome membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cell junctionEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
early endosome membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
multivesicular body, internal vesicle lumenEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular vesicleEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Shc-EGFR complexEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membraneEpidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule lumenAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlbuminHomo sapiens (human)
pericentriolar materialTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
immunological synapseTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
actin filamentTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic densityTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
perikaryonTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cell bodyTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
glial cell projectionTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapseTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein kinase FynHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
synapseMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)
double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membraneReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapseAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
dendriteAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseAdenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)
double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membraneReplicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
plasma membraneBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBeta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfacePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Z discPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelleCytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)
plasma membraneSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sperm flagellumSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sperm headSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sperm midpieceSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sperm midpieceSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSubstance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ciliumD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dendritic spineD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
ciliary membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
non-motile ciliumD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor complexD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneD(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
axonSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolThromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
late endosomeMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
caveolaMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
pseudopodiumMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens (human)
endosomeMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axonMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
perikaryonMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synapseMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionMu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
spine apparatusDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal dense core vesicleDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionDelta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sarcoplasmic reticulumKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
T-tubuleKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
perikaryonKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionKappa-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)
early endosomePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
late endosomePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
transport vesiclePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
ciliary basePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral part of cellPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
axonSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodySodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
axon terminusSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
dopaminergic synapseSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
flotillin complexSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
axonSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body membraneSodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfacePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
perichromatin fibrilsTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear speckTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
interchromatin granuleTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinTAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)
caveolaSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleolusSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
caveolaSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
intercalated discSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
membraneSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lateral plasma membraneSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
Z discSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
T-tubuleSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sarcolemmaSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated sodium channel complexSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
spindle poleMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear speckMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumenMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumenMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmMitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculusCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
sarcolemmaPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapsePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic specialization membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic spinePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (664)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347424RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508628Confirmatory qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347407qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508629Cell Viability qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508627Counterscreen qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: GLuc-NoTag assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID504749qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation2011Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043
Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID269313Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 G variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID225564Dissociation constant obtained by inhibition of mutant HIV-protease (V-18)2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-07, Volume: 43, Issue:18
Identification of MK-944a: a second clinical candidate from the hydroxylaminepentanamide isostere series of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID278971Antiviral activity against HIV1 C4 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID519793Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 12T-14Y-19P-40N-41D-61N-62I-96S-99L protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID374609Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID588213Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID681120TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in Caco-2 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID1221962Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID586623Antiviral activity against 8gpNS with amino acid 116 insertion removed HIV1 infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID369944Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 MS to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID343019Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID290997Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4322007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID519782Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 5L/F-14Y/H-17G/D-43T-54I/M-62V/A-70R/K-71I protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID54923Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A42003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID105198Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV virus (HXB2) was determined in MT-4 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Novel arylsulfonamides possessing sub-picomolar HIV protease activities and potent anti-HIV activity against wild-type and drug-resistant viral strains.
AID278977Antiviral activity against HIV1 C10 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID558378Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman cord blood plasma at 1250 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID354464Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM-SS cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by MTS assay2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID278984Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54V and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1473740Inhibition of human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 10 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID374637Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID269315Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 EV variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID322104Antiviral activity against idinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID374604Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/73S/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID408210Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID557296Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID238043Binding affinity for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24
Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID673198Binding affinity to Human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease by SPR biosensor interaction analysis at pH 4.12012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 20, Issue:15
Experimental and 'in silico' analysis of the effect of pH on HIV-1 protease inhibitor affinity: implications for the charge state of the protein ionogenic groups.
AID263208Antiviral activity against HIV1 EP13 in MT4 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7
Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID553576Antiviral activity against HIV1 TM harboring L10I/K14R/R41K/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/I93L in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519790Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-61N-99L protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID519794Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 12Q-14R-17G/D-19P-61N-62I-92A protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID269317Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 K variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID1207288Inhibition of long-lasting type calcium current (ICaL) in HEK293 cells (alpha1C/beta2a/alpha2delta1) cells measured using IonWorks Barracuda automated patch clamp platform
AID374630Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1443980Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in fall armyworm sf9 cell plasma membrane vesicles assessed as reduction in vesicle-associated [3H]-taurocholate transport preincubated for 10 mins prior to ATP addition measured after 15 mins in presence of [3H]-tauroch2010Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Dec, Volume: 118, Issue:2
Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development.
AID374620Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 32I/46I/47V/50L mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278982Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54I and I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID521548Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE) after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID340772Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID242869Association rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID408218Ratio of EC50 for nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL432 to EC50 for wild-type HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID105196Antiviral activity against PI resistant virus EP13 was determined in MT-4 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Novel arylsulfonamides possessing sub-picomolar HIV protease activities and potent anti-HIV activity against wild-type and drug-resistant viral strains.
AID564041Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of atazanavir by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID372191Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557274Antiviral activity against HIV1 B harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID263207Antiviral activity against HIV1 HXB2 in MT4 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7
Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID1443991Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rat liver mitochondria assessed as inhibition of mitochondrial respiration per mg mitochondrial protein measured for 20 mins by A65N-1 oxygen probe based fluorescence assay2014Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), Sep, Volume: 60, Issue:3
Human drug-induced liver injury severity is highly associated with dual inhibition of liver mitochondrial function and bile salt export pump.
AID279337Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 182L mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID343040Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID679318TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 10 uM) in OCT1-expressing HeLa cells2000Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3
Interactions of HIV protease inhibitors with a human organic cation transporter in a mammalian expression system.
AID82627Compound was tested for inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease2002Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-08, Volume: 12, Issue:13
Structure-based design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors employing beta-D-mannopyranoside scaffolds.
AID416654Inhibition of HIV1 NL4-3 proteins incorporation into virions transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as unprocessed gp160 Env protein at 0.12 uM by Western blot2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID1443990Inhibition of recombinant human BSEP expressed in baculovirus infected sf9 cell plasma membrane vesicles assessed as reduction in ATP-dependent [3H]-taurocholate uptake in to vesicles after 15 to 20 mins2014Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), Sep, Volume: 60, Issue:3
Human drug-induced liver injury severity is highly associated with dual inhibition of liver mitochondrial function and bile salt export pump.
AID372184Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 37T/41K/70E mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374610Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/50V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519781Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-17D-43T-68N/D protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID150755Inhibition of P-glycoprotein using calcein-AM assay transfected in porcine PBCEC2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID586625Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix K76R mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID278965Antiviral activity against HIV1 A13 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1207472Inhibition of rapid delayed inward rectifying potassium current (IKr) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) K1 cells stably expressing hERG measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID321688Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 32008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID656209Inhibition of wild type HIV-1 protease assessed as hydrolysis of fluorogenic substrate Abz-Thr-Ile-Nle-Phe(NO2)-Gln-Arg after 10 mins by fluorescence assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 22, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel small non-peptidic HIV-1 PIs: the benzothiophene ring as an effective moiety.
AID416857Decrease in P-glycoprotein-mediated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate efflux in MDCK2 expressing human MDR1 cells at 20 uM2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID278983Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I/L, 54I and I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374632Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54V/73C/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374602Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 24I/33F/46I/54L/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557287Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L24I/M46I/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of indinavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID343025Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID416432Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing HIV1 NL4-3 envelope infected in human HeLa CD4 cells coexpressing LTR/beta-Gal gene assessed as reduction in virus-induced beta-galactosidase reporter gene activity after 72 hrs by single-cycle infection assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID557273Antiviral activity against HIV1 A harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID150751Inhibition of P-glycoprotein using ATPase in MDR1 membranes2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID374629Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54M/82L/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519784Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 54M-65E-71I-74N-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID343029Activity of wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID557281Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 B harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID278972Antiviral activity against HIV1 C5 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID19468Partition coefficient (logP)2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID492209Antiviral activity against HIV1 BAL by p24 assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14
Discovery of orally available spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonists.
AID1474113AUC in human at 750 mg, po TID or 1250 mg, po BID after 12 hrs2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID104312Anti-HIV-1 activity against Wild type virus in MT-4 cells2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID625282Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID269311Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 B variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID343026Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID321662Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in presence of 50% human serum2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID557289Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring M46I/V82F/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of ritonavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID321698Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 6 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID322112Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 ERS104prc X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID322096Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID575062Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I, M46L, I54V, V82A and L76V mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID374615Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/47A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID699539Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10
Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID557279Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 JSL harboring L10I/L24I/L33F/E35D/M36I/N37S/M46L/I54V/R57K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/82A in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1207502Inhibition of rapid delayed inward rectifying potassium current (IKr) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stable expressing hERG measured using IonWorks Barracuda automated patch clamp platform
AID290999Antiviral activity against nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID371143Permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco-2 cells assessed as ratio of prodrug concentration in receiver to prodrug concentration in donor at 80 uM in donor chamber after 3 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 43, Issue:7
Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of valine-containing prodrugs derived from clinically used HIV-protease inhibitors.
AID546989Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease D30N, M46I, A71T and V77I mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position of protease infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luci2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID374606Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82T/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID625281Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID416656Inhibition of HIV1 NL4-3 proteins incorporation into virions transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as aberrant Env protein at 0.12 uM by Western blot2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID322097Antiviral activity against HIV2 EHO in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID161524Inhibition of HIV-1 Protease activity2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Novel arylsulfonamides possessing sub-picomolar HIV protease activities and potent anti-HIV activity against wild-type and drug-resistant viral strains.
AID416435Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing HIV1 NL4-3 envelope infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of HIV-envelope packed virions at 0.12 uM after 72 hrs by virus production assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID562701Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 infected in human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in viral infection after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID278981Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54I and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343041Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1678479Inhibition of recombinant His6-tagged SARS-CoV-2 main protease using Dabcyl-KTSAVLQ-SGFRKM-E(Edans-NH2) as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by FRET based assay2020ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-10, Volume: 11, Issue:12
Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2.
AID604024Unbound brain to plasma concentration ratio in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID246195Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13363 mutant strain was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID546995Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L23I, M46I, L89T mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene 2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID1207438Inhibition of transient outward potassium current (Ito) current in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) K1 cells expressing human Kv4.3 measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID408209Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT4 cells to EC50 for HIV1 3B2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID705597Time dependent inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated testosterone-6-beta hydroxylation in human liver microsome2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 55, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of cytochrome P450 enzymes: structure-activity relationships and discovery strategies to mitigate drug-drug interaction risks.
AID372186Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1209581Fraction unbound in Sprague-Dawley rat brain homogenates at 5 uM by equilibrium dialysis analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID343038Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1443995Hepatotoxicity in human assessed as drug-induced liver injury2014Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), Sep, Volume: 60, Issue:3
Human drug-induced liver injury severity is highly associated with dual inhibition of liver mitochondrial function and bile salt export pump.
AID680012TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Fexofenadine uptake (Fexofenadine: 2 uM, Nelfinavir: 100 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes1999Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Aug, Volume: 27, Issue:8
OATP and P-glycoprotein transporters mediate the cellular uptake and excretion of fexofenadine.
AID369838Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID242932Dissociation rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID278956Antiviral activity against HIV1 A4 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID278964Antiviral activity against HIV1 A12 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID547006Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position and M46 mutant gene infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID1207532Inhibition of rapid delayed inward rectifying potassium current (IKr) measured using manual patch clamp assay
AID290992Inhibition of HIV protease at 1 nM2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID557286Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/V32I/M46I/I54M//A71V/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of amprenavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID547804Selectivity window, ratio of EC50 for BESM cells to EC50 for Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes infected in BESM cells2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID573976Antiretroviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID343021Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID269310Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 ET variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID519789Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10V/I-40D-43I-56V-70K-82F-84V-89V-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T2 during compound treatment measured after 3 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID279346Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with V321 and M46L mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID1207348Inhibition of fast sodium current (INa) in HEK293 cells transfected with human Nav1.5 measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID521547Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (ISOLATE ROD) after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID278962Antiviral activity against HIV1 A10 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343035Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID408206Inhibition of HIV1 protease at 1 nM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID321686Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID612004Antiviral activity against R5 tropic multidrug-resistant HIV1 MM infected PBMC assessed as inhibition of viral p24 antigen expression2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Discovery of 4-[4-({(3R)-1-butyl-3-[(R)-cyclohexyl(hydroxy)methyl]-2,5-dioxo-1,4,9-triazaspiro[5.5]undec-9-yl}methyl)phenoxy]benzoic acid hydrochloride: a highly potent orally available CCR5 selective antagonist.
AID484389Colloidal aggregation in fed state simulated intestinal fluid assessed as colloid radius at 20 uM by dynamic light scattering assay in presence of 1% DMSO2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Colloid formation by drugs in simulated intestinal fluid.
AID340773Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID553577Antiviral activity against HIV1 MM harboring L10I/K43T/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/Q92K in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID374623Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 32I/46L/47V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1209593Dissociation constant, pKa of the acidic compound by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID374631Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID408217Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 3B in presence of 10% fetal calf serum and alpha1 acid glycoprotein to EC50 for HIV1 3B in presence of 10% fetal calf serum2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID374605Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46L/54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID553574Antiviral activity against HIV1 ERS104pre infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1847526Antiviral activity against DENV-2 NGC infected in african green monkey Vero B cells assessed as reduction in virus induced cytopathic effect2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 49A short survey of dengue protease inhibitor development in the past 6 years (2015-2020) with an emphasis on similarities between DENV and SARS-CoV-2 proteases.
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID374634Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID547017Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype B harboring protease D30N, M46I, A71T and V77I mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype B2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID321661Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID588211Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID374611Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 48V/54V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519575Antiviral activity against HIV1 P13 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease M46I, L63P, A71V, and V82G mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days p2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID371125Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human CEM-SS cells assessed as reverse transcriptase activity after 5 days by MTT assay2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 43, Issue:7
Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of valine-containing prodrugs derived from clinically used HIV-protease inhibitors.
AID242933Dissociation rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID374608Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33I/46I/84V/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID564037Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10I/G48V/I54V/A71V/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of saquinavir by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID343032Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID269306Antiviral activity against HIV1 BA-L isolate in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID369953Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease V47A mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID278961Antiviral activity against HIV1 A9 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID625287Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID278976Antiviral activity against HIV1 C9 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID557275Antiviral activity against HIV1 C harboring L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/M36I/M46L/I54V/I62V/L63P/K70Q/V82A/L89M in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1604131Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human 12D7 cells overexpressing p-gp assessed as reduction in P24 level at 1:1 ratio of test compound to abacavir incubated for 3 days followed by followed by replacement of fresh medium containing compound 2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID322100Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for MT2 cells to EC50 for HIV1 LAI2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID1474114Drug concentration at steady state in human at 750 mg, po TID or 1250 mg, po BID after 12 hrs2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID519578Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone3 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L33F, K45I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-32008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID279341Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID484276Colloidal aggregation in fed state simulated intestinal fluid by dynamic light scattering assay in presence of 1% DMSO2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Colloid formation by drugs in simulated intestinal fluid.
AID343039Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374612Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 30N/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278980Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46M, 54I and I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374607Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82T/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID104303Anti-HIV-1 activity against mutant HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (mutation selected with ritonavir)2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID625289Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1604116Inhibition of P-gp in human 12D7-MDR cells using NBD-Aba as substrate after 30 mins by flow cytometric analysis2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID161874Binding affinity against HIV-protease inhibitor.2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3
Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID1209588Drug uptake in Sprague-Dawley rat brain slices at 100 nM after 5 hrs in presence of 10 uM of cyclosporine2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID322117Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/C X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID624622Apparent permeability (Papp) from apical to basolateral side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2
Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID343023Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID519791Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-19P-33I-61N-71I-75M-84V-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1879911Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infected in African Green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral cytopathic effect measured after 72 hrs by inverted microscopic method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of niclosamide analogues against SARS-CoV-2.
AID416436Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing VSV envelope infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of VSV-envelope packed virions at 0.12 uM after 72 hrs by virus production assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID1873203Inhibition of ABCG2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HEK293 cells mediated mitoxantrone efflux assessed as intracellular mitoxantrone level preincubated with mitoxantrone followed by compound addition and measured upto 60 mins by FACSflow cytometry ana2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): Functional inhibitors and expression modulators.
AID343030Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID279348Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with M36I/M and V82T mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID408215Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in presence of 10% fetal calf serum and alpha1 acid glycoprotein2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID519780Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype H expressing 10I-34E-40P-41Y-60H-63N-70T-73G-82F-89L-92E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID553575Antiviral activity against HIV1 MOKW infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID321685Antiviral activity against wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID546998Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype C harboring protease D30N, E35G, I85V, L90M mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID521549Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype H expressing 10I-40P-41Y-60H-63N-70T-73G-89L-92E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1474167Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID573986Antiviral activity against non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID1474165Ratio of drug concentration at steady state in human at 750 mg, po TID or 1250 mg, po BID after 12 hrs to IC50 for human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID575063Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I mutation in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID290998Antiviral activity against ritonavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID374627Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82T/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1604130Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human 12D7 cells overexpressing p-gp assessed as reduction in P24 level at 0.08 to 1.25 uM incubated for 3 days followed by replacement of fresh medium containing compound and measured after 3 days by ELISA2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID279345Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID417041Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in ritonavir booster drug treated healthy human assessed as change in plasma Cmin of tenofovir at 1250 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID1221982Fraction absorbed in human2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID573981Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 2 EHO2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID624623Apparent permeability (Papp) from basolateral to apical side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2
Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID1764400Unbound brain concentration in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat at 5 mg/ml/kg, po measured upto 4 hrs by LC-MS analysis2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5
Development of an
AID321687Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 22008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID322109Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p20 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID604025Unbound CSF to plasma concentration ratio in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID562870Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring spacer peptide A1V mutant protein infected in human HeLa cells to EC50 for wild type HIV1 infected in human HeLa cells2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID1323586Binding affinity to mouse anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibody R4A assessed as inhibition of RA4 binding to DWEYS peptide preincubated for 1 hr followed by DWEYS peptide addition measured after 1 hr by ELISA2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-13, Volume: 59, Issue:19
Amending HIV Drugs: A Novel Small-Molecule Approach To Target Lupus Anti-DNA Antibodies.
AID322120Antiviral activity against HIV1 92UG037 subtype A R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID269307Antiviral activity against HIV2 EHO isolate in human MT2 cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID1209583Unbound drug partitioning coefficient, Kp of the compound assessed as ratio of unbound concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat brain to unbound concentration in plasma2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID374600Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID248600Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (D545701) was determined in an MT-4 cell line2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15
Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID322119Antiviral activity against HIV1 92UG029 X4 subtype A in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID625288Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625284Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID547621Cytotoxicity against BESM cells after 88 hrs by HTS assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID573988Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for Reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID416864Inhibition of human MDR1-dependent accumulation of calcein-AM expressed in MDCK2 cells2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID1221963Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID625292Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID371159Permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco-2 cells assessed as ratio of prodrug concentration in receiver to prodrug concentration in donor at 80 uM in donor chamber after 3 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 43, Issue:7
Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of valine-containing prodrugs derived from clinically used HIV-protease inhibitors.
AID369955Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease G17N mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID372188Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID279339Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with V62A and L99F mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID374639Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/50L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID558579Ratio of drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman amniotic fluid to maternal blood plasma at 1250 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID553571Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human MT2 cells after 7 days by MTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID278960Antiviral activity against HIV1 A8 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID369954Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease G17N/V47A mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID604020Unbound drug concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID573987Antiviral activity against Protease inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID557298Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID104301Anti-HIV-1 activity against mutant HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (mutation selected with compound 1)2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID547011Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease M46I, I50L, N88S mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene 2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID586624Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring wild type 8.9NSX with mutant amino acid 116 insertion infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID484274Inhibition of Trypanosoma cruzi cruzaine preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition by fluorescence assay in absence of Triton X-1002010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Colloid formation by drugs in simulated intestinal fluid.
AID321692Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 72008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID573978Antiretroviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 2 EHO infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID416652Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of infectious virus production at 0.12 uM2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID562702Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring capsid I201V mutant protein infected in human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in viral infection after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID604026Unbound CSF to plasma concentration ratio in human2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID343020Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID372183Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 37S/41K/70E mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID458605Inhibition of recombinant wild type HIV1 protease assessed as hydrolysis of fluorogenic substrate2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-25, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Synthesis of new thienyl ring containing HIV-1 protease inhibitors: promising preliminary pharmacological evaluation against recombinant HIV-1 proteases.
AID546993Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease D30N, L33I, M46I, N88D mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID321699Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 7 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID562698Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in virus production at 2 times EC90 after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID1764402Unbound brain-to-plasma concentration ratio in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5
Development of an
AID1222793Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound2013Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 41, Issue:5
Which metabolites circulate?
AID1182731Inhibition of HTLV-1 protease2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Structural basis for HTLV-1 protease inhibition by the HIV-1 protease inhibitor indinavir.
AID417031Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in ritonavir booster drug treated healthy human assessed as change in plasma Cmax of tenofovir at 1250 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID1209582Unbound volume of distribution in Sprague-Dawley rat brain slices at 100 nM after 5 hrs2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID105722Compound was evaluated for its antiviral inhibition in MT-4 cell culture2000Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11
Novel inhibitors of HIV protease: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of picomolar inhibitors containing cyclic P1/P2 scaffolds.
AID519792Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-19P-61N-64V-71I-90M-95I protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T2 during compound treatment measured after 3 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1678481Inhibition of recombinant C-terminal His6-tagged SARS-CoV-2 main protease expressed in Escherichia coli Top10 using FRET-based decapeptide as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition by FRET assay2020ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-10, Volume: 11, Issue:12
Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2.
AID1473741Inhibition of human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID343014Inhibition of wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID547622Antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes infected in BESM cells measured after 88 hrs postinfection by HTS assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
AID263209Antiviral activity against HIV D545701 in MT4 cells2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7
Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID269314Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 TM variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID371169Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco-2 cells at 80 uM in donor chamber after 3 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 43, Issue:7
Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of valine-containing prodrugs derived from clinically used HIV-protease inhibitors.
AID588212Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID557292Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L33F/M46I/I47V/Q58E/V82I/I84V/I85V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of GRL-02031 by E2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID673197Binding affinity to Human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease by SPR biosensor interaction analysis at pH 5.12012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 20, Issue:15
Experimental and 'in silico' analysis of the effect of pH on HIV-1 protease inhibitor affinity: implications for the charge state of the protein ionogenic groups.
AID372192Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID279336Antiviral activity against wild type HIV2 in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID573989Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID519572Antiviral activity against HIV1 P9 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease V82V/L and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days post infectio2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID322108Antiviral activity against amprenavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID374622Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/73S/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1764401Ratio of drug concentration in brain to plasma of P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5
Development of an
AID396238Antiviral activity against HIV1 BaL in human PBMC assessed as blockade of reverse transcriptase activity2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV.
AID564039Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/I50V/A71V/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of amprenavir by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID282343Inhibition of HIV1 protease2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 47, Issue:27
A combined QM/MM approach to protein--ligand interactions: polarization effects of the HIV-1 protease on selected high affinity inhibitors.
AID239809Equilibrium dissociation constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID558385Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman amniotic fluid at 1250 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID322114Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/MM R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID322110Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p30 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID680049TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Daunorubicin: 5 uM) in Caco-2 cells2000Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jun, Volume: 28, Issue:6
Pharmacological inhibition of P-glycoprotein transport enhances the distribution of HIV-1 protease inhibitors into brain and testes.
AID417021Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in ritonavir booster drug treated healthy human assessed as change in plasma AUC of tenofovir at 1250 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID547013Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype C harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype C2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID26952oral bioavailability in monkeys2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3
Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID416431Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing VSV envelope infected in human HeLa CD4 cells coexpressing LTR/beta-Gal gene assessed as reduction in virus-induced beta-galactosidase reporter gene activity after 72 hrs by single-cycle infection assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Identification and characterization of UK-201844, a novel inhibitor that interferes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 processing.
AID278978Antiviral activity against HIV1 C11 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID573977Antiretroviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 2 ROD infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID586627Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix A81T mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID322101Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 in MT4 cells by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID278979Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46M, 54I and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343033Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374616Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/88S mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519787Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-40D-70K-72R/K-91T/S protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID343036Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1323587Binding affinity to mouse anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibody R4A assessed as inhibition of RA4 binding to mouse kidney glomeruli antigens by measuring suppression of antibody deposition in kidney glomeruli at 50 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by glomeruli 2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-13, Volume: 59, Issue:19
Amending HIV Drugs: A Novel Small-Molecule Approach To Target Lupus Anti-DNA Antibodies.
AID219260Dissociation constant obtained by inhibition of Wild-type protease2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-07, Volume: 43, Issue:18
Identification of MK-944a: a second clinical candidate from the hydroxylaminepentanamide isostere series of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID278963Antiviral activity against HIV1 A11 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID604022Fraction unbound in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID1764398Substrate activity at P-gp (unknown origin) assessed as net efflux ratio2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5
Development of an
AID374628Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46L/53L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID372185Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/53L/82T/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID547001Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells to EC50 for HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID278966Antiviral activity against HIV1 A14 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID519576Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone1 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-32008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID612003Antiviral activity against R5 tropic HIV1 Ba-L infected PBMC assessed as inhibition of viral p24 antigen expression2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 19, Issue:13
Discovery of 4-[4-({(3R)-1-butyl-3-[(R)-cyclohexyl(hydroxy)methyl]-2,5-dioxo-1,4,9-triazaspiro[5.5]undec-9-yl}methyl)phenoxy]benzoic acid hydrochloride: a highly potent orally available CCR5 selective antagonist.
AID575059Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutations assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID372187Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID162706Equilibrium constant for the interaction between inhibitor and HIV-1 Protease2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25
Relationships between structure and interaction kinetics for HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID575064Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I and L76V mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID604023Ratio of total drug level in brain to plasma in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID547009Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position infected in human TZM-bl cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID374613Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for non-B type HIV1 with protease 32I/47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID417048Inhibition of human MDR1-dependent accumulation of calcein-AM expressed in MDCK2 cells at 20 uM2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID547002Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID1443992Total Cmax in human administered as single dose2014Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), Sep, Volume: 60, Issue:3
Human drug-induced liver injury severity is highly associated with dual inhibition of liver mitochondrial function and bile salt export pump.
AID557276Antiviral activity against HIV1 G harboring L10I/V11I/T12E/I15V/L19I/R41K/M46L/L63P/A71T/V82A/L90M in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID586622Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring HIV1 harboring wild type 8.9NSX with gag RF79F and T81A mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID150754Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID246965Effective dose of compound required to inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in MT-4 cells2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24
Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID1221960Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID374593Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells after 6 days by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID573990Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for non nucleoside Protease inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID547010Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position infected in human TZM-bl cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID105194Antiviral activity against PI resistant virus D545701 was determined in MT-4 cell line2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Novel arylsulfonamides possessing sub-picomolar HIV protease activities and potent anti-HIV activity against wild-type and drug-resistant viral strains.
AID369957Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease G17N/V47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID322099Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID291000Antiviral activity against ritonavir and nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID558371Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman maternal blood plasma at 1250 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID343042Ratio of Kcat to Km for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID525171Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium chabaudi ASCQ infected in NIH mice (Mus musculus) assessed as potentiation of 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity at 100 mg/kg, perorally administered after 72 hrs post inocu2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID248546Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (HXB2) was determined in an MT-4 cell line2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15
Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID279342Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and L90M mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID408213Antiviral activity against ritonavir and nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID586626Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix Y79F mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID290995Cytotoxicity against MT4 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID553570Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1221958Efflux ratio of permeability from apical to basolateral side over basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID546992Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 subtype B infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID322123Antiviral activity against HIV1 92TH019 R5 subtype E in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321693Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 1 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID322103Antiviral activity against ritonavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID562704Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring capsid I201V mutant protein infected in human HeLa cells to EC50 for wild type HIV1 infected in human HeLa cells2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID625279Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID369945Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 CBL-23 infected in human PBMC to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID568182Antiviral activity against R5 tropic HIV1 Ba-L infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of HIN p24 antigen expression2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 21, Issue:4
Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonist: discovery of an antiretroviral drug candidate.
AID408211Antiviral activity against nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID575061Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I, M46L, I54V, and V82A mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID1053271Inhibition of ACE (unknown origin) assessed as 3-Hydroxybutyril-glycil-glycil-glycine conversion to 3-hydroxybutyric acid at 500 uM after 60 mins by WST assay relative to control2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Experimental confirmation of new drug-target interactions predicted by Drug Profile Matching.
AID678840TP_TRANSPORTER: Western blot, LS-180V2000AIDS (London, England), Jun-16, Volume: 14, Issue:9
Induction of P-glycoprotein expression by HIV protease inhibitors in cell culture.
AID1473738Inhibition of human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-taurocholate in presence of ATP measured after 15 to 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID278985Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54M/V and I84A mutation in HEK 293 relative to similar background2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID322115Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/JSL R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID374635Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278973Antiviral activity against HIV1 C6 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343034Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID624628Drug-stimulated Pgp ATPase activity ratio determined in MDR1-Sf9 cell membranes with test compound at a concentration of 20uM2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2
Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID278959Antiviral activity against HIV1 A7 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1221965Transporter substrate index of efflux ratio in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID322105Antiviral activity against nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID557291Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L23I/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/A71V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 1 uM of atazanavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID564063Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46M,I/Q61Q mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-396 by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID374638Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID371151Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco-2 cells at 80 uM in donor chamber after 3 hrs2008European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 43, Issue:7
Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of valine-containing prodrugs derived from clinically used HIV-protease inhibitors.
AID369942Antiviral activity against HIV2 CBL-23 infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID278953Antiviral activity against HIV1 A1 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID625280Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID557297Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring M46I/V82F/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID547236Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease L33I, M46I, A71T mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID557285Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10I/G48V/I54V/L90M amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of saquinavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID547014Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L23I, M46I, L89T and polymorphism at M36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype B2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID1221956Apparent permeability from apical to basolateral side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID553578Antiviral activity against HIV1 JSL harboring L10I/L24I/L33F/E35D/M36I/N37S/M46L/I54V/R57K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/82A in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID321696Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 4 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID322121Antiviral activity against HIV1 BaL R5 subtype B in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID573975Antiretroviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID564038Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of nelfinavir by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID625290Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID372181Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374603Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID242866Dissociation rate constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24
Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID408207Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect by MTT method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID1221966Ratio of plasma AUC in po dosed mdr1 knock out mouse to plasma AUC in po dosed wild type mouse2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID238682Inhibition constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24
Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID369941Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID1599306Antiviral activity against DENV22019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 176Recent update on anti-dengue drug discovery.
AID279343Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and 184V mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID681122TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID624626Ratio of apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral side determined in MDR1-MDCKII cells2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2
Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID557283Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 G harboring L10I/V11I/T12E/I15V/L19I/R41K/M46L/L63P/A71T/V82A/L90M in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1323585Binding affinity to mouse anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibody R4A assessed as inhibition of RA4 binding to DWEYS peptide at 5 to 50 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by DWEYS peptide addition measured after 1 hr by ELISA2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-13, Volume: 59, Issue:19
Amending HIV Drugs: A Novel Small-Molecule Approach To Target Lupus Anti-DNA Antibodies.
AID374592Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in MT4 cells after 6 days by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557278Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 MM harboring L10I/K43T/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/Q92K in protease encoding region infected to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID369956Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease V47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID343022Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374624Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1221964Transporter substrate index ratio of permeability from basolateral to apical side in human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID160455Inhibition constant against HIV-1 Protease2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25
Relationships between structure and interaction kinetics for HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID374601Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 24I/33F/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID322113Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/TM X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID519788Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-40D-43I-70K-82F-84V-85L-89V-90M-91T/L-98N/K protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID104302Anti-HIV-1 activity against mutant HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (mutation selected with nelfinavir)2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID246160Protease inhibitory activity against wild type HIV-1 IIIB was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID246225Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 GSS004421 mutant strain was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID484275Inhibition of Trypanosoma cruzi cruzaine preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition by fluorescence assay in presence of 0.01% Triton X-1002010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Colloid formation by drugs in simulated intestinal fluid.
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID557277Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 TM harboring L10I/K14R/R41K/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/I93L in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519577Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone2 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease V82L mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-32008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID575060Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutations and protease L76V mutation in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID557290Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 1 uM of Lopinavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID237358Partition coefficient in octanol/water2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 15, Issue:16
Hydrophobicity in the design of P2/P2' tetrahydropyrimidinone HIV protease inhibitors.
AID547239Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease polymorphism at I36 position and M46 mutant gene to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID573982Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for Simian immunodeficiency virus MAC 2512008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID557280Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 A harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID269304Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI isolate in human MT2 cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID557284Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 gag protein production by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID269312Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 C variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID322098Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID519785Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-17D-40D-43I-46V-66V/A-70R/K protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID519573Antiviral activity against HIV1 P15 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease L33L/F, K45I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID290994Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT4 cells by MTT assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID564040Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of Lopinavir by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID248545Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (EP13) was determined in an MT-4 cell line2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15
Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID679341TP_TRANSPORTER: increase in brain concentration in mdr1a(-/-) mouse1998The Journal of clinical investigation, Jan-15, Volume: 101, Issue:2
The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID242868Association rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID557288Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of nelfinavir by ELISA2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID225563Dissociation constant obtained by inhibition of mutant HIV-protease (K-60)2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-07, Volume: 43, Issue:18
Identification of MK-944a: a second clinical candidate from the hydroxylaminepentanamide isostere series of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID417047Inhibition of esterase mediated-hydrolysis of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human intestinal sub cellular fraction S9 at 2 uM after 30 mins2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID699540Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10
Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID321690Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 52008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1474115Ratio of drug concentration at steady state in human at 750 mg, po TID or 1250 mg, po BID after 12 hrs to IC50 for human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID680738TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of E217betaG uptake (E217betaG: 0.5 uM, Nelfinavir: 10 uM) in OATP-C-expressing HeLa cells2003The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Jan, Volume: 304, Issue:1
Human organic anion transporting polypeptide-C (SLC21A6) is a major determinant of rifampin-mediated pregnane X receptor activation.
AID573979Antiretroviral activity against Simian immunodeficiency virus MAC 251 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID321697Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 5 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID625283Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID408212Antiviral activity against ritonavir-resistant HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID546994Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 subtype C infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID624629Inhibition of Pgp expressed in MDR1-MDCKII cells measured by calcein-AM assay2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Nov, Volume: 299, Issue:2
Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery.
AID322102Antiviral activity against saquinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID680120TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells1998The Journal of clinical investigation, Jan-15, Volume: 101, Issue:2
The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID340776Ratio of Ki x Kcat/Km for HIV1 recombinant protease 1 D30N/N88D mutant to Ki x Kcat/Km for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID374626Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46I/53L/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID564061Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/T91S mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-246 by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID369943Antiviral activity against HIV2 CDC310319 isolate infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID354454Cytotoxicity against human HOG.R5 cells at 40 ug/ml after 4 days2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID705596Inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated testosterone 6 beta hydroxylation in human liver microsome by Dixon plot analysis2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 55, Issue:11
Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of cytochrome P450 enzymes: structure-activity relationships and discovery strategies to mitigate drug-drug interaction risks.
AID562703Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring spacer peptide A1V mutant protein infected in human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in viral infection after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID547003Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease L33I, M46I, A71T mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporte2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID278954Antiviral activity against HIV1 A2 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID322107Antiviral activity against lopinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID343015Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1473739Inhibition of human MRP2 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID1604118Inhibition of P-gp in human CMEC/D3 cells using NBD-Aba as substrate after 30 mins by flow cytometric analysis2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID249499Toxicity value against wild type HIV-1 IIIB was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID26953Oral bioavailability in rat2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3
Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID278958Antiviral activity against HIV1 A6 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID278969Antiviral activity against HIV1 C2 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID278970Antiviral activity against HIV1 C3 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID699541Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10
Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID525166Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 infected in human erythrocytes assessed as potentiation of choloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity by light microscopy2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID564060Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10I/L24I/M46I/V82I/I84V mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected after 50 passages of GRL-216 by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID557294Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/V32I/M46I/I54M//A71V/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID269305Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI isolate in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID278974Antiviral activity against HIV1 C7 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID519580Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone5 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L63P, A71V, and V82G mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 RF2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID564036Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID160300Inhibition of HIV protease2000Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11
Novel inhibitors of HIV protease: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of picomolar inhibitors containing cyclic P1/P2 scaffolds.
AID343028Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID278967Antiviral activity against HIV1 A15 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID322111Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p40 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID408208Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells by MTT assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID679171TP_TRANSPORTER: increase in mitoxantrone intracellular accumulation in BCRP-expressing HEK cells2004The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Jul, Volume: 310, Issue:1
HIV protease inhibitors are inhibitors but not substrates of the human breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2).
AID150752Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID26950Oral bioavailability in dog2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3
Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID553568Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT2 cells to EC50 for HIV1 LAI2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1221961Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis in presence of 1 uM of P-gp inhibitor LY3359792011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID374636Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 48V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID625291Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID374591Inhibition of HIV1 protease2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374619Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 30N/33F/46L/54L/84V/88D mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1604115Inhibition of P-gp in human 12D7-MDR cells using calcein-AM as substrate after 30 mins by flow cytometric analysis2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID104304Anti-HIV-1 activity against mutant HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (mutation selected with saquinavir)2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID225562Dissociation constant obtained by inhibition of mutant HIV-protease (A-44)2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-07, Volume: 43, Issue:18
Identification of MK-944a: a second clinical candidate from the hydroxylaminepentanamide isostere series of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID557299Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L23I/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/A71V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID239810Equilibrium dissociation constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10
Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID589156Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 measured by testosterone hydroxylation2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID568183Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant R5 tropic HIV1 MM infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of HIN p24 antigen expression2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 21, Issue:4
Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonist: discovery of an antiretroviral drug candidate.
AID586620Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring wild type 8.9NSX with gag T81A mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID1207378Inhibition of slow delayed inward rectifying potassium current (Iks) in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells expressing hKvLQT1/hminK measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID519783Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-60K/N-65E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID340775Ratio of Ki x Kcat/Km for HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant to Ki x Kcat/Km for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID557293Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10I/G48V/I54V/L90M amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID372189Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID343031Activity of HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID454923Antiviral activity against HIV1 Ba-L(R5) infected in human PBMC by p24 antigen capture assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-15, Volume: 20, Issue:2
Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonists: Improvement of their pharmacokinetic profiles.
AID160766Dissociation rate constant for the interaction between inhibitor and HIV-1 protease2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25
Relationships between structure and interaction kinetics for HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID160767Association rate constant for the interaction between inhibitor and HIV-1 protease2002Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 45, Issue:25
Relationships between structure and interaction kinetics for HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
AID369946Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 CDC310319 infected in human PBMC to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID343017Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID557295Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L24I/M46I/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID625286Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID374594Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT4 cells to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID589169Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A5 measured by testosterone hydroxylation2005Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5
Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID408214Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in presence of 10% fetal calf serum2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID573985Antiviral activity against Reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID279347Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with D30N, M461 and V771 mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID239819Association rate constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24
Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID374633Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519574Antiviral activity against HIV1 P21 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease L23I, L33F, K45I, A71A/V, V77I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infecti2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID519963Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in MOLT-4/3B cells assessed as inhibition of mature virus release measured after 4 days of infection by RT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Entecavir exhibits inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus under conditions of reduced viral challenge.
AID558392Ratio of drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman cord blood plasma to maternal blood plasma at 1250 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID374618Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46I/84V/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1209587Unbound volume of distribution in Sprague-Dawley rat brain slices at 100 nM after 5 hrs in presence of 10 uM of cyclosporine2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID279338Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 182F mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID562697Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in single-cycle viral infection after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
New small-molecule inhibitor class targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion maturation.
AID279340Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 150V mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID246193Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13025 mutant strain was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID322122Antiviral activity against HIV1 97ZA003 R5 subtype C in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID564062Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46L/I50V/A71Vmutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-286 by MTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID374617Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/88S/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID322118Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/G X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID519579Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone4 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L33F, A71V, G73S, V77I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pN2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID392513Antiviral activity against HIV12009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2
Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks.
AID279344Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and L99F mutation in CBMCs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID1474166Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID374621Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID343024Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID519786Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-17D-40D-43I-45K/R-46V-54M-64I/V-69K/R-71V/I-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID322106Antiviral activity against atazanavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID1207408Inhibition of slow delayed inward rectifying potassium current (Iks) in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells transfected with KCNQ1 / Kv1.7 / KvLQT1 and KCNE1/minK measured using IonWorks automated patch clamp platform
AID150756Inhibition of P-gp was determined using rhodamine-assay in human CaCo-2 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID408219Ratio of EC50 for ritonavir and nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL432 to EC50 for wild-type HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID519795Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 41D protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID321694Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 2 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID369952Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease G17N mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID1678478Inhibition of recombinant His6-tagged SARS-CoV-2 main protease assessed as residual enzyme activity at 100 uM using Dabcyl-KTSAVLQ-SGFRKM-E(Edans-NH2) as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by FRET based assay relative to con2020ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-10, Volume: 11, Issue:12
Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2.
AID23687Partition coefficient (logP)2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3
Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID321695Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 3 to EC50 for wild type HIV12008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID374625Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID354458Cytotoxicity against human CEM-SS cells at 40 ug/ml after 6 days by MTS assay2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID673196Binding affinity to Human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease by SPR biosensor interaction analysis at pH 7.42012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 20, Issue:15
Experimental and 'in silico' analysis of the effect of pH on HIV-1 protease inhibitor affinity: implications for the charge state of the protein ionogenic groups.
AID1764399Unbound plasma concentration in P-gp knock out Sprague-Dawley rat at 5 mg/ml/kg, po measured upto 4 hrs by LC-MS analysis2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5
Development of an
AID372182Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33I/46I/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1129362Unbound fraction in HEK293 cell homogenate at 0.01 uM by equilibrium dialysis based UPLC-MS/MS analysis2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 57, Issue:7
A high-throughput cell-based method to predict the unbound drug fraction in the brain.
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID278975Antiviral activity against HIV1 C8 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID604021Unbound volume of distribution in Sprague-Dawley rat brain measured per gram of brain tissue administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr b2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID340774Ratio of Ki x Kcat/Km for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant to Ki x Kcat/Km for wild-type for HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID343037Ratio of Kcat to Km for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID343016Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID278968Antiviral activity against HIV1 C1 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID574002Ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B to EC50 for wild-type Human immunodeficiency virus 2 ROD2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Preclinical evaluation of 1H-benzylindole derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase strand transfer inhibitors.
AID321689Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 42008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1221957Apparent permeability from basolateral to apical side of human Caco2 cells at 10 uM up to 120 mins by HPLC-MC analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Feb, Volume: 39, Issue:2
Attenuation of intestinal absorption by major efflux transporters: quantitative tools and strategies using a Caco-2 model.
AID354455Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human HOG.R5 cells after 4 days2004Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6
New 3-O-acyl betulinic acids from Strychnos vanprukii Craib.
AID246194Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13034 mutant strain was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6
Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID343027Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease expressed in Escherichia coli2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374614Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for non-B type HIV1 with protease 46I/47V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1604117Inhibition of P-gp in human CMEC/D3 cells using calcein-AM as substrate after 30 mins by flow cytometric analysis2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
Potential Tools for Eradicating HIV Reservoirs in the Brain: Development of Trojan Horse Prodrugs for the Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein with Anti-HIV-1 Activity.
AID343018Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15
Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1207566Inhibition of long-lasting type calcium current (hICa) in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells expressing hCav1.2 measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID557282Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 C harboring L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/M36I/M46L/I54V/I62V/L63P/K70Q/V82A/L89M in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID150753Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID269316Antiviral activity against multi drug-resistant HIV1 ES variant in human PHA-PBMC cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-24, Volume: 49, Issue:17
Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID160481Inhibitory concentration against HIV-1 protease2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 44, Issue:19
Design and synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric diol-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors: effects of fluoro substitution.
AID408216Ratio of EC50 for ritonavir-resistant HIV1 NL432 to EC50 for wild-type HIV1 NL4322008Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-22, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Combination of non-natural D-amino acid derivatives and allophenylnorstatine-dimethylthioproline scaffold in HIV protease inhibitors have high efficacy in mutant HIV.
AID625285Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID322116Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/B X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID278955Antiviral activity against HIV1 A3 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID369951Antiviral activity against wild type HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID290996Selectivity index, Ratio of LC50 for MT4 cells to EC50 for HIV1 3B2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and antiviral property of allophenylnorstatine-based HIV protease inhibitors incorporating D-cysteine derivatives as P2/P3 moieties.
AID321691Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 62008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID81434Compound was evaluated for Antiviral activity against HIV-12001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-11, Volume: 44, Issue:21
Synthesis of potent C(2)-symmetric, diol-based hiv-1 protease inhibitors. Investigation of thioalkyl and thioaryl P1/P1' substituents.
AID278957Antiviral activity against HIV1 A5 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID557300Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L33F/M46I/I47V/Q58E/V82I/I84V/I85V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-32009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID321660Inhibition of HIV1 protease2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1207318Inhibition of fast sodium current (INa) in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) K1 cells transfected with human Nav1.5 measured using IonWorks Quattro automated patch clamp platform
AID547008Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at M36 position infected in human TZM-bl cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID525167Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in human erythrocytes assessed as potentiation of choloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity by light microscopy2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID372190Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V/54V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID681119TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-24, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Comparison of in vitro P-glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1797110Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/bi051886s: \\Analysis of HIV-1 CRF_01 A/E protease inhibitor resistance: structural determinants for maintaining sensitivity and developing resistance to atazanavir.\\2006Biochemistry, May-02, Volume: 45, Issue:17
Analysis of HIV-1 CRF_01 A/E protease inhibitor resistance: structural determinants for maintaining sensitivity and developing resistance to atazanavir.
AID1795271Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/bi035701y: \\Secondary mutations M36I and A71V in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease can provide an advantage for the emergence of the primary mutation D30N.\\2003Biochemistry, Dec-30, Volume: 42, Issue:51
Secondary mutations M36I and A71V in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease can provide an advantage for the emergence of the primary mutation D30N.
AID1795276Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/bi027019u: \\A major role for a set of non-active site mutations in the development of HIV-1 protease drug resistance.\\2003Biochemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 42, Issue:3
A major role for a set of non-active site mutations in the development of HIV-1 protease drug resistance.
AID1797107Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/bi049459m: \\Comparing the accumulation of active- and nonactive-site mutations in the HIV-1 protease.\\2004Biochemistry, Sep-28, Volume: 43, Issue:38
Comparing the accumulation of active- and nonactive-site mutations in the HIV-1 protease.
AID1796305Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00163-3: \\Novel inhibitors of HIV protease: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of picomolar inhibitors containing cyclic P1/P2 scaffolds.\\2000Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11
Novel inhibitors of HIV protease: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of picomolar inhibitors containing cyclic P1/P2 scaffolds.
AID1799449Protease Inhibtion Assay from Article 10.1016/s1074-5521(98)90117-x: \\Design and selection of DMP 850 and DMP 851: the next generation of cyclic urea HIV protease inhibitors.\\1998Chemistry & biology, Oct, Volume: 5, Issue:10
Design and selection of DMP 850 and DMP 851: the next generation of cyclic urea HIV protease inhibitors.
AID977610Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 40, Issue:24
Viracept (nelfinavir mesylate, AG1343): a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.
AID1811Experimentally measured binding affinity data derived from PDB1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 40, Issue:24
Viracept (nelfinavir mesylate, AG1343): a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1745854NCATS anti-infectives library activity on HEK293 viability as a counter-qHTS vs the C. elegans viability qHTS2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID1745855NCATS anti-infectives library activity on the primary C. elegans qHTS viability assay2023Disease models & mechanisms, 03-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3
In vivo quantitative high-throughput screening for drug discovery and comparative toxicology.
AID1805532Various Assay from Article 10.1002/cmdc.202100576: \\A patent review on SARS coronavirus main protease (3CLpro) inhibitors.\\2022ChemMedChem, 01-05, Volume: 17, Issue:1
A Patent Review on SARS Coronavirus Main Protease (3CL
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (1,185)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's179 (15.11)18.2507
2000's716 (60.42)29.6817
2010's232 (19.58)24.3611
2020's58 (4.89)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 48.49

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index48.49 (24.57)
Research Supply Index7.29 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.60 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index80.05 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index1.99 (0.95)

This Compound (48.49)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Trials230 (18.55%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Reviews67 (5.40%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Case Studies82 (6.61%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Observational2 (0.16%)0.25%
Other9 (100.00%)84.16%
Other859 (69.27%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (130)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase II Trial of a Protease Inhibitor, Nelfinavir (NFV), Given With Definitive, Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) in Patients With Locally-Advanced, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Negative, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck [NCT02207439]Phase 218 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-07-31Completed
A Phase II Trial of the HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir in Patients With Recurrent Symptomatic Adenoid Cystic Cancers of the Head and Neck [NCT01065844]Phase 215 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-10-31Completed
Phase I Study of Nelfinavir in Combination With Temsirolimus in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Cancers, Including Second Line Renal Cell Cancer [NCT01079286]Phase 118 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-06-30Completed
A Phase I/II Trial of the HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir and Concurrent Radiation and Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer [NCT01086332]Phase 17 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-05-31Terminated(stopped due to Toxicities, lack of funding)
A Pilot Trial of Nelfinavir for the Lytic Activation and Treatment of Gammaherpesvirus-Related Tumors [NCT02080416]Early Phase 11 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-07-31Terminated(stopped due to Very slow accrual; terminated to allow resources to be utilized more effectively on other studies. No data analysis completed, nor any conclusions reached.)
Evaluation of the Safety and Antiviral Efficacy of a Novel HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor, BMS-232632, Alone and in Combination With d4T and ddI as Compared to a Reference Combination Regimen [NCT00002240]Phase 20 participants Interventional1999-03-31Completed
A Phase Iv Single-Arm Open-Label Non-Randomized Study To Evaluate The Safety And Pharmacokinetics Of Nelfinavir (Viracept, A430) 1250mg Twice Daily (250mg Or 625mg Forms) With Lamivudine/Zidovudine (Combivir) Background Therapy In Hiv/Hepatitis C Virus (H [NCT00141284]Phase 412 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-10-31Completed
An Open Study to Investigate the Effect of Different Boosting Agents on Pharmacokinetics of Single Doses of BILR 355 BS (Dose Steps: 5 and 12.5 mg) Dissolved in 5 mL PEG 400 After Oral Administration in Healthy Male Volunteers [NCT02257008]Phase 144 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-03-31Completed
Combination of Autophagy Selective Therapeutics (COAST) in Advanced Solid Tumors or Relapsed Prostate Cancer, A Phase I/II Trial [NCT05036226]Phase 1/Phase 276 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-03-03Recruiting
Phase III Randomized Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Three Neonatal Antiretroviral Regimens for Prevention of Intrapartum HIV-1 Transmission [NCT00099359]Phase 31,735 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-02-29Completed
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum [NCT00042289]1,578 participants (Actual)Observational2003-06-09Completed
Comparison of HIV RNA Suppression Produced by Triple Regimens Containing Either Didanosine Enteric Coated or Didanosine Formulations Each Administered Once Daily [NCT00002224]Phase 3120 participants Interventional1999-03-31Completed
Phase I Trial of Nelfinavir and Bortezomib in Advanced Hematologic Malignancies [NCT01164709]Phase 118 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-07-31Completed
ImmunoRad: Stratified Phase II Trial of Image Guided Hypofractionated Radiotherapy With Concurrent Nelfinavir and Immunotherapy in Advanced Melanoma, Lung Cancer, and Renal Cell Carcinoma [NCT03050060]Phase 221 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-06-09Terminated(stopped due to Terminated due to slow accrual)
A Phase I Study of Nelfinavir and Cisplatin Chemotherapy Concurrent With Pelvic Radiation for Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer Not Amenable to Surgical Resection [NCT04169763]Phase 118 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-08-07Recruiting
Nelfinavir as Bortezomib-sensitizing Drug in Patients With Proteasome Inhibitor-nonresponsive Myeloma. A Multicenter Phase II Trial [NCT02188537]Phase 234 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-12-02Completed
Mecahnisms of Lipodystrophy in HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00457665]Phase 456 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-02-28Completed
A Phase I/II Study of Nelfinavir in Liposarcoma [NCT00233948]Phase 1/Phase 229 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-03-31Terminated(stopped due to Drug availability issues)
A Phase I Study of Nelfinavir Added to Cisplatin Chemotherapy Concurrent With Pelvic Radiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (II-IVA) [NCT02363829]Phase 16 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-02-28Completed
Pilot Study to Evaluate the Potential Interactions Between Paclitaxel and Protease Inhibitors in Patients With AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma [NCT00003008]Phase 233 participants (Anticipated)Interventional1997-12-15Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label, Third-Party Blinded Study for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Nelfinavir-associated Diarrhea [NCT00650637]Phase 317 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-01-31Terminated(stopped due to The study was prematurely discontinued due to administrative reasons on August 18, 2003. There were no safety concerns that led to the decision to terminate.)
A Pilot Study of Nelfinavir for the Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma [NCT03077451]Phase 236 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-03-13Completed
A Phase I/II Trial Testing Nelfinavir, an Inhibitor of Akt Signaling, in Combination With Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer [NCT00704600]Phase 1/Phase 215 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-09-30Completed
Phase I/II Study for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Testing Nelfinavir in Combination With Concomitant Temozolomide and Radiotherapy. [NCT00694837]Phase 16 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-03-31Completed
Nelfinavir and Concurrent Radiation and Temozolomide in Patients With WHO Grade IV Glioma [NCT01020292]Phase 131 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-04-30Completed
A Phase I Trial of the Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir and Concurrent Radiation and Temozolomide in Patients With WHO Grade IV Glioma [NCT00915694]Phase 115 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-04-30Terminated(stopped due to Insufficient accrual)
A Single Center, Randomized Open Label Study of Initial Interleukin-2 Compared to Delayed Interleukin-2 When Added to Zidovudine, 3TC and Nelfinavir In Order to Modulate Immune Function and to Sustain Suppression of HIV-1 Replication Among Those Persons W [NCT00006441]398 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-02-28Completed
A Phase III, Randomised, Multicenter, Parallel, Open-Label Study to Compare the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of GW433908 (1400 Mg Bid) and Nelfinavir (1250 Mg Bid) Over 48 Weeks in Antiretroviral Therapy Naive HIV-1 Infected Adults [NCT00008554]Phase 3210 participants Interventional2000-11-30Active, not recruiting
A Randomized Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of a Strategy of Starting With Nelfinavir Versus Ritonavir Added to Background Antiretroviral (AR) Nucleoside Therapy in HIV-Infected Individuals With CD4+ Cell Counts Less Than or Equal to 200/mm3 [NCT00000859]1,300 participants InterventionalCompleted
Activity of the Soft Gelatin Capsule of Saquinavir (SQVsgc) in Combination With Ritonavir or Nelfinavir and Combinations of Delavirdine and/or Adefovir Dipivoxil in HIV-Infected Subjects With Prior Indinavir Use and Viral Loads From 2,000 to 200,000 Copie [NCT00000892]300 participants InterventionalCompleted
Pathogenesis of MAC Disease in Advanced HIV-1-Infected Subjects and the Impact of Highly-Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) on Immune Functions Relevant for MAC and Other Opportunistic Infections [NCT00000895]85 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Prototype Study to Test the Effect of Staggered Dosing on the Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Paired Combinations of Nelfinavir (NFV), Ritonavir (RTV), and Soft Gelatin Capsule of Saquinavir (SQVsgc) [NCT00000898]18 participants InterventionalCompleted
Study of Protease Inhibitor and/or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor With Dual Nucleosides in Initial Therapy of HIV Infection [NCT00000919]900 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase III Randomized, Controlled Trial of Efavirenz (EFV) or Nelfinavir (NFV) in Combination With Fixed-Dose Combination Lamivudine/Zidovudine (3TC/ZDV) and Indinavir (IDV) in HIV-Infected Subjects With Less Than or Equal to 200 CD4 Cells/mm3 or Greater [NCT00000903]Phase 3444 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized, Open-Label, Two Arm Trial to Compare the Safety and Antiviral Efficacy of GW433908/Ritonavir QD to Nelfinavir BID When Used in Combination With Abacavir and Lamivudine for 48 Weeks in Antiretroviral Therapy Naive HIV-1 Infected Subjects [NCT00009061]Phase 3624 participants Interventional2000-11-30Active, not recruiting
Randomized Trial of Protease Inhibitor-Including vs. Protease Inhibitor-Sparing Regimens for Women Who Initiate Therapy of HIV Infection During Pregnancy [NCT00017719]Phase 3440 participants Interventional2002-05-31Completed
An Open-Label Phase 1 Study of Metformin and Nelfinavir in Combination With Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma [NCT03829020]Phase 19 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-04-17Active, not recruiting
Nelfinavir and M8 Drug-level Monitoring in HIV-1 Infection [NCT00205283]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-08-31Completed
A Multi-centre Randomised Study of Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Capecitabine (+/-Nelfinavir) With High or Standard Dose Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-metastatic Pancreatic Cancer [NCT02024009]Phase 1/Phase 2289 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-03-31Recruiting
A Phase IV, Non-Randomized, Open-Label Trial Evaluating The Safety Of 625 mg Formulation Of VIRACEPT When Administered To HIV-Infected Women During Pregnancy [NCT00246610]Phase 416 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-03-31Completed
The Study of Mechanisms of Lipodystrophy in HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00006190]Phase 40 participants Interventional2000-11-30Completed
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Capravirine (AG1549) in Combination With VIRACEPT and Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in HIV-Infected Subjects Who Failed an Initial Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Cont [NCT00006211]Phase 2350 participants Interventional2000-02-29Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Study of the Long-Term Effectiveness of Three Initial Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Strategies in HAART-Niave, HIV-Infected Persons [NCT00000922]1,710 participants InterventionalCompleted
Comparison of the Virologic Efficacy of Nelfinavir and/or DMP 266 (Efavirenz, EFV) in Combination With One or Two New Nucleoside Analogs in Nucleoside Experienced Subjects: A Roll-Over Study to ACTG 302/303 [NCT00001087]Phase 2300 participants InterventionalCompleted
Treatment Outcome of Children With HIV Infection [NCT00476606]1,000 participants (Anticipated)Observational2003-03-31Active, not recruiting
A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized, Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Indinavir 800 mg b.i.d. Plus Ritonavir 100 mg b.i.d. Plus Two NRTIs vs. Nelfinavir 1250 mg b.i.d. Plus Two NRTIs in HIV-1 Seropositive Patients Who Have Failed or Are Intol [NCT00541463]Phase 2330 participants (Actual)Interventional2001-01-31Completed
Analysis of Lipodystrophy in HIV-Infected Individuals A Prospective, Non-randomised, 48 Week Study of the Effect of PI Containing and Non-PI Containing Antiretroviral Regimens on the Expression of Adipocyte Specific Genes, Protein Levels and Cellular Stru [NCT00192660]Phase 480 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-02-28Completed
A Phase I Dose Escalation Study of the HIV Protease Inhibitor, Nelfinavir, Given Concomitantly With Radical Radiotherapy (RT) for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) [NCT01447589]Phase 1/Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-02-29Withdrawn(stopped due to failed to recruit, no suitable patients)
A Phase II Randomized, Multicenter Protocol Evaluating Two Antiretroviral Regimens Containing Combinations of Protease Inhibitors, NRTIs, and an NNRTI [NCT00000924]Phase 2120 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Maximally Assisted Therapy (MAT) Compared to Self-Administered Therapy (SAT) for the Treatment of HIV Infection in Antiretroviral Naive Subjects With CD4 Greater Than or Equal to 200 Cells/mm3 [NCT00001122]Phase 274 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Epivir 150 Mg BID Versus Epivir 300 Mg Once-Daily When Administered for 24 Weeks in Combination With FDA-Approved Dosage Regimens of Zerit and Either Crixivan or Viracept in Subjects W [NCT00002442]Phase 20 participants Interventional1999-06-30Completed
A Phase II, Randomized Trial of Amprenavir as Part of Dual Protease Inhibitor Regimens (Placebo-Controlled) in Combination With Abacavir, Efavirenz, and Adefovir Dipivoxil Versus Amprenavir Alone in HIV-Infected Subjects With Prior Exposure to Approved Pr [NCT00000912]Phase 2475 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase IIIB Open-Label, Comparative Study to Evaluate Saquinavir Soft Gel Capsule (SGC) Treatment in Combination With Other Antiretrovirals in HIV-1 Infected Antiretroviral-Naive Patients [NCT00002178]Phase 3375 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Stratified, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Adefovir Dipivoxil (ADF) at Two Dose Levels in Triple Combination Therapies With Protease Inhibitors (PI) and Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (R [NCT00002184]Phase 2120 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Multicenter, Open-Label, 24-Week Study to Compare the Safety and Activity of Indinavir Sulfate/d4T/3TC Versus Indinavir Sulfate/Nelfinavir Mesylate/d4T/3TC in HIV-Infected Individuals [NCT00002430]220 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Open-Label Study of AG1549 in Combination With Other Antiretroviral Agents in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00004998]Phase 230 participants Interventional1999-11-30Suspended
A 96-Week, Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of the Antiretroviral Activity of Stavudine (40mg BID) Plus Lamivudine (150mg BID) Plus Nelfinavir (1250mg BID) Versus Abacavir (300mg BID) Plus Combivir (3TC 150 [NCT00005106]Phase 4230 participants Interventional1999-09-30Completed
A Phase 1 Study of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Concurrent HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir as Part of a Neoadjuvant Regimen in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer [NCT01068327]Phase 146 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-11-05Completed
Phase 1 Study of Nelfinavir Added to Cisplatin Chemotherapy Concurrent With Pelvic Radiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (II-IVA) [NCT01485731]Phase 18 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-01-31Completed
An Open Label, Randomized Study to Compare Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation When CD4 is Between 15% to 24% to ART Initiation When CD4 Falls Below 15% in Children With HIV Infection and Moderate Immune Suppression [NCT00234091]Phase 3300 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-04-30Completed
A Phase I/II Trial of Protease Inhibitor, Nelfinavir, Given With Concurrent Thoracic Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally-Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer [NCT00589056]Phase 1/Phase 255 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-06-30Completed
The Effect of Efavirenz and Nelfinavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors [NCT00017758]Phase 156 participants InterventionalCompleted
The Effects of HIV Protease Inhibitors in Severe Sepsis [NCT00346580]Phase 160 participants Interventional2003-06-30Completed
Investigating the Time of Nelfinavir Treatment Necessary for an Increase in Thymic Naive T Cells in Adults. [NCT00346619]Phase 125 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-10-31Completed
A Phase II, Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Trial of Combination Therapy With Nelfinavir (NFV) and Saquinavir (SQV)Sgc With Delavirdine (DLV) or 3TC/ZDV Versus Nelfinavir (NFV) and 3TC/ZDV in Subjects With HIV Infection and > 5,000 HIV RNA Copies/ML [NCT00001094]Phase 20 participants (Actual)InterventionalWithdrawn
A Phase I/II Screening Trial to Identify Potential Partner Compounds to Use in Combination With 141W94 [NCT00002372]Phase 148 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized Trial of Two Saquinavir-Containing Combination Treatment Regimens in Children With HIV Infection [NCT00000913]Phase 250 participants InterventionalCompleted
Evaluating Responses to Antiretroviral Drugs in Cells and Tissues (The ERADICATE Study): Comprehensive Comparisons of Viral and Cellular Dynamics Among Previously-Untreated Subjects With Acute HIV Infection (Seroconversion Syndrome) or Recently Acquired H [NCT00006443]24 participants InterventionalCompleted
Prospective Trial to Evaluate How Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Protease Inhibitors Increases Virologic Success and Tolerance of HAART (ANRS 111 COPHAR2) [NCT00122590]115 participants Interventional2002-07-31Terminated
Randomized Study to Evaluate Immediate Potent Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-Infected Subjects With CD4 Cell Counts Less Than 350 Cells/mm3 Admitted to Intensive Care Areas With an AIDS-Defining Illness, Pneumonia, or Sepsis [NCT00028327]Phase 3250 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase I/II, Open-Label, AUC-Controlled Study to Determine the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of DMP 266 (Efavirenz) in Combination With Nelfinavir in Children [NCT00000893]Phase 1103 participants (Actual)Interventional1997-10-31Completed
Effect of Cytoreductive Chemotherapy Combined With Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Lymph Node HIV DNA in HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00000899]Phase 110 participants InterventionalCompleted
Evaluation of Potential Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Protease Inhibitors and Lipid Lowering Agents [NCT00000941]Phase 156 participants InterventionalCompleted
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Ritonavir, Amprenavir and Efavirenz and Nelfinavir, Amprenavir, and Efavirenz in People Infected With HIV [NCT00001766]Phase 122 participants Interventional1998-08-31Completed
An Open-Label, Non-Randomized Study of Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA, Depo-Provera) and Selected Protease Inhibitor (PI) and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) Therapies Among HIV-Infected W [NCT00016601]76 participants Interventional2001-06-30Completed
TBTC Study 23B:Intensive Pharmacokinetics of the Nelfinavir Rifabutin Interaction in Patients With HIV-Related Tuberculosis Treated With a Rifabutin-Based Regimen [NCT00023400]Phase 420 participants Interventional2000-02-29Completed
A Phase II Trial of the HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir and Concurrent Radiation and Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage III Non Small Cell Lung Cancer [NCT00791336]Phase 21 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-08-31Terminated(stopped due to Poor enrollment.)
A Phase II Open Label Clinical Trial of Maternal Zidovudine/Lamivudine and Either Nevirapine or Nelfinavir for Maximal Reduction of Mother-to-child HIV Transmission in Resource-limited Settings Among Breastfeeding Populations [NCT00146380]Phase 2520 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2003-07-31Active, not recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind Study of MKC-442 Combined With Viracept in Patients Who Are Epivir + Retrovir Experienced and Are Protease Inhibitor- and Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Naive [NCT00002215]0 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Pilot, Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Determine the Effects of Viracept on the Clinical Outcome of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex Disease (MAC) in AIDS Patients Who Are Receiving Standard Acute Treatment for This Opportunist [NCT00002170]Phase 20 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Adjuvant-Controlled, Multicenter Study to Compare the Virologic and Immunologic Effect of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Plus Remune Versus HAART Plus Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA) in Antiretroviral-Naive Pat [NCT00005002]Phase 3688 participants InterventionalActive, not recruiting
A Study To Estimate The Effect Of Omeprazole On The Pharmacokinetics Of Nelfinavir In Healthy Subjects [NCT00251030]Phase 420 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-11-30Completed
Cross-sectional Study for the Characterisation of the Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Protease Inhibitors and Non-nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the Spanish Population of HIV-infected Subjects [NCT00307502]Phase 1675 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-01-31Completed
Evaluation Of The Effect Of Nelfinavir On QT Intervals At Steady-State After Twice-Daily Administration Of Nelfinavir Tablets To Healthy Volunteers [NCT00312182]Phase 468 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-03-31Completed
A Phase II, Single-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Capravirine (AG1549) in Combination With Viracept and Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in HIV-Infected Subjects Who Failed an Initial Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhi [NCT00004985]Phase 275 participants Interventional2000-01-31Completed
A Phase III Study Comparing the Antiviral Efficacy and Safety of Atazanavir With Nelfinavir: Each in Combination With Dual Nucleoside Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects Who Have Failed a Regimen Not Containing a Protease Inhibitor [NCT00028067]Phase 3500 participants Interventional2001-08-31Terminated
A Randomized Study of the Long-Term Suppression of Plasma HIV RNA Levels by Triple Combination Regimens in Treatment Naive Subjects [NCT00002411]0 participants Interventional1998-03-31Completed
Nelfinavir and Lenalidomide/Dexamethasone in Patients With Progressive Multiple Myeloma That Have Failed Lenalidomide-containing Therapy - A Single Arm Phase I/II Trial [NCT01555281]Phase 1/Phase 233 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-02-23Terminated(stopped due to In connection with the restructuring of SAKK, older ongoing studies were analyzed to determine whether a continuation of the trial would still add value to the data analysis, or whether they do not and could therefore be prematurely terminated.)
A Phase II Study of the Prolongation of Virologic Success (ACTG 372A) and Options for Virologic Failure (ACTG B/C/D) in HIV-Infected Subjects Receiving Indinavir in Combination With Nucleoside Analogs: A Rollover Study for ACTG 320 [NCT00000885]Phase 2440 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Determine the Effects of Viracept on the Clinical Outcome of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis in AIDS Patients Who Are Receiving Standard Induction and Maintenance Therapy for This Infection [NCT00002169]Phase 20 participants InterventionalCompleted
An Exploratory Study of Fortovase (Saquinavir) Soft Gelatin Capsules (SGC) Plus d4T and 3TC or Fortovase (Saquinavir) SGC Plus Nelfinavir and d4T in Patients With HIV-1 Associated Nephropathy [NCT00002397]Phase 324 participants InterventionalCompleted
An Open-Label Randomized Study of Delavirdine Mesylate (DLV, Rescriptor) Plus Nelfinavir (NFV), Didanosine (ddI), and Stavudine (d4T) in Triple and Quadruple Treatment Regimens in HIV-1 Infected Individuals [NCT00002211]160 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, 48-Week, Open-Label Study Designed to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of a Simplified Dosing Regimen of Viracept (Nelfinavir Mesylate) 1250 Mg BID, Crixivan (Indinavir Sulfate) 1200mg q12h, and Sustiva (Efavirenz; DMP-266) 600 [NCT00002235]Phase 26 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase I Trial of Nelfinavir (Viracept) in Adults With Solid Tumors [NCT01445106]Phase 128 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-12-11Completed
A PHASE II SINGLE-ARM INTERVENTION TRIAL OF NELFINAVIR IN PATIENTS WITH GRADE 2/3 or 3 CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA [NCT01925378]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-07Withdrawn(stopped due to The study is going to open in a new site)
Phase I Dose Escalation Trial of Proton Beam Radiotherapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy and Nelfinavir for Inoperable Stage III NSCLC [NCT01108666]Phase 27 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Terminated(stopped due to Insufficient accrual)
Multi-Drug Antiretroviral Therapy for Heavily Pretreated Pediatric AIDS Patients: A Phase I Proof of Concept Trial [NCT00001108]Phase 16 participants InterventionalCompleted
Phase I Study of Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Viracept in HIV-1 Infected Children and Exposed Infants [NCT00002164]Phase 124 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Pilot Open Label Trial of HIV Therapy With d4T (Stavudine), ddI (Didanosine), Nelfinavir and Hydroxyurea in Subjects With Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection [NCT00002176]0 participants Interventional1997-05-31Completed
A Phase IIIB Open-Label Trial Replacing Saquinavir HGC (Ro 31-8959) With Saquinavir SGC (Ro 31-8959) in Combination With Other Antiretroviral Drugs in Patients With HIV-1 Infection [NCT00002374]Phase 3120 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase I/II Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of Saquinavir Soft Gelatin Capsules and Pediatric Pellet Formulations in Combination With Nucleoside Antiretroviral Agents With or Without Nelfinavir, in HIV-Infected Infants and Children [NCT00002380]Phase 128 participants InterventionalCompleted
An Open-Label, Phase II Trial to Evaluate the Steady-State Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of 1592U89 in Combination With Selected HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors in Antiretroviral-Naive, HIV-1-Infected Patients. [NCT00002440]Phase 280 participants InterventionalCompleted
Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Lymphocytopenia and the Potential Effects of Protease Inhibitor in the Perioperative Period [NCT00385450]Phase 141 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-10-31Terminated(stopped due to Study closed at Mayo prior to completion)
A Phase I Dose Escalation Study of Nelfinavir Plus MLN9708 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors or Lymphoma [NCT03422874]Phase 10 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-08-31Withdrawn(stopped due to Sponsor withdrew support)
Early Intensive Antiretroviral Combination Therapy in HIV-1 Infected Infants and Children [NCT00000872]Phase 255 participants (Anticipated)InterventionalCompleted
RAD-1: A Phase I/II Antiretroviral Management Algorithm for Pediatric Subjects of Four-Drug Combination Therapies Based on Prior Antiretroviral Experience [NCT00000902]Phase 1217 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized Study of the Virologic Efficacy of Different Antiretroviral (AR) Treatment Strategies in HIV-Infected Individuals With Detectable Plasma HIV RNA Measurements After at Least 16 Weeks on Their Initial Protease Inhibitor-Containing AR Regimens [NCT00000914]800 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Comparison of a Four-Drug Regimen Comprised of 141W94, 1592U89, and Combivir With a Three-Drug Regimen Comprised of Nelfinavir and Combivir in Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Patients. [NCT00002216]0 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized Phase IIIB Comparative Study to Evaluate Saquinavir Soft Gel Capsule (SGC) TID Regimen in Combination With Two NRTIs Versus Saquinavir Soft Gel Capsule (SGC) BID Regimen in Combination With Two NRTIs Versus Saquinavir Soft Gel Capsule (SGC) B [NCT00002378]Phase 3825 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Pilot, Open-Label, Phase II, Randomized Study to Determine the Effects of Viracept on the Outcome of Cutaneous and Mucosal KS in AIDS Patients With CD4 <= 500 Cells/mm3 [NCT00002185]Phase 220 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Randomized, Open-Label, Study of Nelfinavir or Efavirenz in HIV-1 Infected, Antiretroviral Naive Patients [NCT00005000]Phase 4200 participants Interventional1999-12-31Active, not recruiting
Viral and Immune Dynamics in HIV-Infected Patients With Tuberculosis [NCT00004736]Phase 144 participants InterventionalCompleted
Pharmacokinetic Interaction Studies of Amprenavir (APV), Efavirenz (EFV), and a Second Protease Inhibitor in HIV-Seronegative Volunteers [NCT00005762]90 participants Interventional2001-03-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of AG1549 in Combination With Viracept (Nelfinavir Mesylate) and Combivir (Zidovudine + Lamivudine) in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00004999]Phase 2350 participants Interventional1999-08-31Suspended
A Phase I Trial of the Safety, Tolerance, and Pharmacokinetics of Oral Nelfinavir (Viracept) Co-Administered With Zidovudine (ZDV) and Lamivudine (3TC) in HIV Infected Pregnant Women and Their Infants [NCT00000887]Phase 124 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II Rolling Arm Master Protocol (PRAM) of Novel Antiretroviral Therapy in Stable Experienced HIV-Infected Children. PRAM-2: A Phase I/II Randomized, Multicenter Protocol Comparing Four Antiretroviral Regimens Containing Combinations of Protease Inh [NCT00001091]Phase 1200 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Multicenter, 24-Week Study of the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Activity of the Coadministration of Indinavir and Nelfinavir in HIV-1 Seropositive Patients [NCT00002375]24 participants InterventionalCompleted
An Investigation of the Potential Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Nevirapine (Viramune) and Nelfinavir (Viracept) and the Efficacy of This Combination Therapy in HIV-1 Infected Adults Treated With Stavudine [d4T] (Zerit) [NCT00002381]Phase 124 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Open-Label Trial for Treatment of HIV Infection in Subjects Who Have Failed Initial Combination Therapy With Regimens Containing Indinavir or Nelfinavir: Combination Therapy With 3TC (150 Mg BID), Abacavir (300 Mg BID) and Amprenavir (1200 Mg [NCT00002423]Phase 2100 participants Interventional1999-03-31Completed
Viracept Expanded Access Program [NCT00002165]0 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Viracept in Combination With Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Positive Women With <= 1 Month of Prior Treatment With d4T and/or 3TC [NCT00002171]Phase 20 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Pilot Open Label Trial of HIV Therapy With d4T (Stavudine), ddI (Didanosine), Nelfinavir and Hydroxyurea in Subjects With Recent HIV Infection [NCT00002177]0 participants Interventional1997-05-31Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Ritonavir (ABT-538) in Combination With Nelfinavir in HIV-Infected Subjects. [NCT00002201]0 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial to Study the Radiosensitizing Effect of Nelfinavir in Locally Advanced Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix. [NCT03256916]Phase 3348 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-01-16Recruiting
A Phase I/II, Open-Label, Multi-Center Study of the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerance and Activity of Two Dose Levels of Adefovir Dipivoxil (ADF) and Nelfinavir When Added to Antiretroviral Therapy for the Treatment of HIV-Infected Pediatric Patients [NCT00002219]Phase 236 participants InterventionalActive, not recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir Plus Stavudine and Lamivudine vs Nelfinavir Plus Stavudine and Lamivudine in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00004583]Phase 3660 participants Interventional1999-03-31Completed
Single-Arm Phase II Study of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Concurrent With Nelfinavir for Oligometastases [NCT01728779]Phase 238 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-01-08Completed
Evaluation of HIV RNA Suppression Produced by a Triple Combination Regimen Containing an Enteric Coated Formulation of Didanosine (ddI EC) Administered Once Daily Compared to a Reference Combination Regimen [NCT00002429]Phase 3500 participants Interventional1999-07-31Completed
Nelfinavir in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Pilot Phase IIa Clinical Trial [NCT02066311]Phase 215 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-09-30Terminated(stopped due to Stage 1 terminated 6/1/18 prior to completion of Stage 1 due to low enrollment and efficacy)
A Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With and Without Immunotherapy to CA125 (Oregovomab) Followed by Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy & Concurrent HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer [NCT01959672]Phase 211 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-09-06Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Half-life (T1/2) of ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Plasma Concentration for Contraceptives
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Concentration of ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]NVP Pharmacokinetics
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]Risk Factors for Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]3TC and NFV Pharmacokinetics
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]Infant HIV Infection Status
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]Infant HIV-1 Infection Status
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]Participant Deaths
NCT00099359 (7) [back to overview]Participants With Serious Adverse Events
NCT00233948 (3) [back to overview]Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) (Phase I)
NCT00233948 (3) [back to overview]Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) (Phase I)
NCT00233948 (3) [back to overview]Overall Response Rate (Phase II)
NCT00457665 (1) [back to overview]Effect of Drug Regimens on Serum Triglycerides.
NCT00589056 (3) [back to overview]Clinical Response of Tumor
NCT00589056 (3) [back to overview]Dose-limiting Toxicity
NCT00589056 (3) [back to overview]Maximum Tolerated Dose of Nelfinavir
NCT01728779 (4) [back to overview]Percent of Lesions With Local Control at 6 Months Post-treatment
NCT01728779 (4) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With Freedom From Local Progression (FFLP)
NCT01728779 (4) [back to overview]Participants' Clinical Progress While in Follow-up in Terms of Survival
NCT01728779 (4) [back to overview]Total Number of Adverse Events Experienced by Participants
NCT01959672 (5) [back to overview]Distant Failure-free Survival
NCT01959672 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With CA-125-Specific T-cell Signal.
NCT01959672 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Progressive Disease,
NCT01959672 (5) [back to overview]Overall Survival
NCT01959672 (5) [back to overview]Surgical Complete Resection (Negative Margin) Rate
NCT02066311 (1) [back to overview]Inhibition of Anti-dsDNA Binding
NCT02207439 (3) [back to overview]Locoregional Control
NCT02207439 (3) [back to overview]Decrease in Hypoxia From Nelfinavir
NCT02207439 (3) [back to overview]Change in Glucose Metabolism From Nelfinavir
NCT03050060 (3) [back to overview]Progression-free Survival
NCT03050060 (3) [back to overview]Response Rate
NCT03050060 (3) [back to overview]Number of Adverse Events

Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC12h (area-under-the-curve from 0 to 12 hours) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2-12 wks postpartum before contraceptive initiation and 6-7 wks after contraceptive initiation. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 0, 1, 2, 6, 8 and 12 hours post dosing.

Interventionmcg*hr/mL (Median)
Before contraceptive initiationAfter contraceptive initiation
LPV/RTV 400/100 b.i.d. With ENG115.97100.20

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 12h post-dose sample after an observed dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation); 3rd trimester (30-38 gestation); and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum, depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 12 hrs after an observed dose.

,,,
Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.2.842.524.51
DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.2.122.222.51
FPV/RTV 700/100mg b.i.d.2.121.642.87
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.NA0.470.52

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 12h post-dose sample after an observed dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 12 hrs after an observed dose.

Interventionng/mL (Geometric Mean)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.108128

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC24 (area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours post dosing.

,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Interventionmg*hour/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.25.3318.8536.20
ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/100mg q.d.88.241.957.9
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.30.645.748.8
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.50.0042.0595.55
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d.64.663.5103.9
DTG 50mg q.d.47.649.265.0
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)47.3060.0262.70
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.15.314.021.0
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI0.1970.2060.216
TAF 25mg q.d.0.1710.2120.271
TAF 25mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV Boosting0.1810.2570.283
TFV 300mg q.d.1.92.43.0
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/300/100mg q.d.14.528.839.6
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.26.237.758.7

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC24h (area-under-the-curve from 0 to 24 hours) were determined using the trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours post dosing.

Interventionmg*hour/L (Median)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
EFV 600mg q.d.55.458.3

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC24h (area-under-the-curve from 0 to 24 hours) were determined using the trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours post dosing.

Interventionmg*hour/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
RPV 25mg q.d.1.9691.6692.387

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PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Cmax was the maximum observed concentration after a dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm; Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

Interventionmg/L (Median)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
EFV 600mg q.d.5.445.10

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PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Cmax was the maximum observed concentration after a dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm; Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

Interventionng/mL (Median)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.448647

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PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Cmax was the maximum observed concentration after a dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm; Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.2.822.203.90
ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/100mg q.d.NA3.64.1
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.3.114.514.52
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.4.593.677.04
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.6.226.558.96
DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.5.645.537.78
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d.6.775.788.11
DTG 50mg q.d.3.623.544.85
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)3.875.134.41
FPV/RTV 700/100mg b.i.d.5.615.126.75
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)3.893.625.37
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.NA5.15.0
TFV 300mg q.d.0.2500.2450.298
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/300/100mg q.d.1.22.54.1
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.2.733.565.43

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PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Cmax was the maximum observed concentration after a dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm; Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

,,,
Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ETR 200mg b.i.d.0.701.010.63
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.8.410.714.6
RAL 400mg b.i.d.2.2501.7703.035
RPV 25mg q.d.0.1450.1340.134

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Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Half-life (T1/2) of ARVs and TB Drugs

Infant plasma concentrations were collected and measured during the first 9 days of life. Half-life is defined as 0.693/k, where k, the elimination rate constant, is the slope of the decline in concentrations. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Infant plasma samples at 2-10, 18-28, 36-72 hours and 5-9 days after birth.

Interventionhour (Median)
DTG 50mg q.d.32.8
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.7.6
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.NA
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)65.6

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PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Cord blood and maternal plasma concentrations were collected and measured at delivery, and compared as a ratio. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at time of delivery with single cord blood and single maternal plasma sample.

Interventionunitless (Median)
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.0.15
DTG 50mg q.d.1.25
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.0.91
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.0.07
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.0.07
TFV 300mg q.d.0.88

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PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Cord blood and maternal plasma concentrations were collected and measured at delivery, and compared as a ratio. For arms with zero overall participants analyzed, samples were below the limit of quantification and ratios could not be calculated. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at time of delivery with single cord blood and single maternal plasma sample.

Interventionunitless (Median)
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI0.97
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)0.67
EFV 600mg q.d.0.49
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.0.2
RAL 400mg b.i.d.1.5
ETR 200mg b.i.d.0.52
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.0.33
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.0.14
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.0.16
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.0.19
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)0.12
RPV 25mg q.d.0.55
ATV/RTV 300/100mg q.d. or TFV/ATV/RTV 300/300/100mg q.d.0.18
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d. or DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.0.18

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Plasma Concentration for Contraceptives

Serum concentrations of the contraceptives. Note that no historical controls were provided by team pharmacologists and thus no comparisons were done for contraceptive concentrations in women using hormonal contraceptives and selected ARV drugs as compared to historical controls not using those ARV drugs. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 6-7 weeks after contraceptive initiation postpartum

Interventionpg/mL (Median)
ATV/RTV/TFV 300/100/300mg q.d. With ENG604
LPV/RTV 400/100 b.i.d. With ENG428
EFV 600mg q.d. With ENG125

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PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Cmax was the maximum observed concentration after a dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm; Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

,,,
Interventionng/mL (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.1447.11432.81713.1
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI80.491.298.2
TAF 25mg q.d.69.796133
TAF 25mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV Boosting87.8107141

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Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC24h (area-under-the-curve from 0 to 24 hours) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2-12 wks postpartum before contraceptive initiation and 6-7 wks after contraceptive initiation. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 0, 1, 2, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours post dosing.

,
Interventionmcg*hr/mL (Median)
Before contraceptive initiationAfter contraceptive initiation
ATV/RTV/TFV 300/100/300mg q.d. With ENG53.9655.25
EFV 600mg q.d. With ENG53.6456.65

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Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC (area under the curve) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. See PK target in the Protocol Appendix V. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
EFV 600mg q.d.2021
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.87

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Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC (area under the curve) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. See PK target in the Protocol Appendix V. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 (and 24) hours post dosing.

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/100mg q.d.11212
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.3414
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.71622
DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.71922
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d.91922
DTG 50mg q.d.92023
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)123334
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.82927
ETR 200mg b.i.d.5137
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.81018
FPV/RTV 700/100mg b.i.d.82622
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)101926
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.93027
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.125
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.NA1514
RAL 400mg b.i.d.113330
RPV 25mg q.d.142625
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI152322
TAF 25mg q.d.132324
TAF 25mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV Boosting102418
TFV 300mg q.d.22727
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/300/100mg q.d.11112
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.72332

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Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Concentration of ARVs and TB Drugs

Infant plasma concentrations were collected and measured during the first 9 days of life. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Blood samples were collected at 2-10, 18-28, 36-72 hours and 5-9 days after birth.

,,,
Interventionmcg/mL (Median)
2-10 hours after birth18-28 hours after birth36-72 hours after birth5-9 days after birth
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.0.351.431.871.72
DTG 50mg q.d.1.731.531.000.06
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)1.11.00.90.4
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.0.1320.0320.0050.005

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Measured in 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hrs post dosing. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured in 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hrs post dosing.

Interventionng*hour/mL (Geometric Mean)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.NA27173645

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC12 (area under the curve from 0 to 12 hours) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured in 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hrs post dosing.

,,,
Interventionmg*hour/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.55.151.879.6
DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.45.845.961.7
FPV/RTV 700/100mg b.i.d.43.5032.1551.60
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.NA34.233.5

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PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. AUC12 (area under the curve from 0 to 12 hours) were determined using the linear trapezoidal rule. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured in 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Blood samples were drawn pre-dose and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hrs post dosing.

,,,
Interventionmg*hour/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ETR 200mg b.i.d.4.58.35.3
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)14.916.127.1
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.7296133
RAL 400mg b.i.d.6.65.411.6

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 12h post-dose sample after an observed dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation); 3rd trimester (30-38 gestation); and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks, or 6-12 wks postpartum, depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 12 hrs after an observed dose.

,,,
Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ETR 200mg b.i.d.0.360.480.38
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)0.130.130.28
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.3.75.17.2
RAL 400mg b.i.d.0.06210.0640.0797

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

"Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 24h post-dose sample after an observed dose.~For the TAF 25 mg q.d., 10 mg q.d. w/COBI, and 25 mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV boosting arms, samples were all below the limit of quantification and statistical analyses were not conducted." (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 24 hrs after an observed dose.

,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.0.210.210.61
ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/100mg q.d.2.00.71.2
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.0.490.710.90
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.0.330.271.43
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d.0.991.172.78
DTG 50mg q.d.0.730.931.28
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)1.491.481.94
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.0.02580.04870.3771
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI0.001950.001950.00195
TAF 25mg q.d.0.001950.001950.00195
TAF 25mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV Boosting0.001950.001950.00195
TFV 300mg q.d.0.0390.0540.061
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/300/100mg q.d.0.30.50.8
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.0.440.571.26

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 24h post-dose sample after an observed dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 24 hrs after an observed dose.

Interventionmg/L (Median)
3rd TrimesterPostpartum
EFV 600mg q.d.1.602.05

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PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from plasma concentration-time profiles using noncompartmental methods. Trough concentration was the measured concentration from the 24h post-dose sample after an observed dose. (NCT00042289)
Timeframe: Measured at 2nd trimester (20-26 wks gestation), 3rd trimester (30-38 wks gestation), and either 2-3 wks, 2-8 wks or 6-12 wks postpartum depending on study arm. Trough concentration was measured 24 hrs after an observed dose.

Interventionmg/L (Median)
2nd Trimester3rd TrimesterPostpartum
RPV 25mg q.d.0.0630.0560.081

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NVP Pharmacokinetics

Descriptive study of NVP pharmacokinetics during first two weeks of life using weight band dosing in a subset of enrolled infants. (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: 14 days

Interventionng/mL (Median)
NVP conc prior to 3rd doseNVP peak conc (Cmax) post 3rd doseNVP conc 3-5 day post 3rd doseNVP conc 7 day post 3rd dose
ARM B (ZDV + NVP)362228645976

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Risk Factors for Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission

Risk factors to be assessed include maternal HIV-1 RNA levels at delivery, maternal syphilis and other infections, obstetrical factors such as duration of membrane rupture, and adherence to neonatal medication. (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: through age 3 months

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Treatment Arm C (ZDV+3TC/NFV)Treatment Arm B (ZDV+NFV)Treatment Arm A (ZDV only)Illegal Substance Abuse during pregnancy
Infected1211247
Uninfected516523505130

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3TC and NFV Pharmacokinetics

Descriptive study of 3TC and NFV pharmacokinetics during first two weeks of life using weight band dosing regimen in a subset of enrolled infants. (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: through age 14 days

Interventionug*h/mL (Median)
(NFV-AUC-12h) 4-7 day(NFV-AUC-12h) 10-14 day(3TC-AUC-12 h) 4-7 day(3TC-AUC-12h) 10-14 day
ARM C (ZDV + 3TC/NFV)20.725.54.07.9

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Infant HIV Infection Status

Intrapartum HIV infection at 3 Months (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: 3 months

Interventionparticipants (Number)
ARM A (ZDV - Standard of Care)24
ARM B (ZDV + NVP)11
ARM C (ZDV +3TC+NFV)12

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Infant HIV-1 Infection Status

In utero HIV-1 infection rate (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: birth

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Arm A (ZDV Only)37
ARM B (ZDV + NVP)28
ARM C (ZDV + 3TC + NFV)28

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Participant Deaths

(NCT00099359)
Timeframe: through age 6 months

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Arm A (ZDV Only)11
ARM B (ZDV + NVP)15
ARM C (ZDV + 3TC + NFV)17

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Participants With Serious Adverse Events

Serious Adverse Events by System Organ Class=Blood and lymphatic system disorders (NCT00099359)
Timeframe: through age 6 months.

Interventionparticipants (Number)
ARM A (ZDV Only)86
ARM B (ZDV + NVP)59
ARM C (ZDV + 3TC/NFV)110

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Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) (Phase I)

DLT is defined as any grade III toxicity not reversible to grade II or less within one week, or any grade IV toxicity. Hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are not DLTs unless they are uncontrolled grade 3/4. Dose delays lasting more than 2 weeks due to toxicity are considered a DLT. Dose escalation schedule for nelfinavir: 1250 mg bid ; 1500 mg bid; 2125 mg bid; 3000 mg bid; 4250 mg bid ; 6000 mg bid ; 8500 mg bid ; 12000 mg bid (NCT00233948)
Timeframe: 4 weeks from start of treatment, up to 2 years

Interventionparticipants with DLTs (Number)
Phase I: Dose Level I0
Phase I: Dose Level II0
Phase I: Dose Level III0
Phase I: Dose Level IV0
Phase I: Dose Level V0

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Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) (Phase I)

The highest dose tested in which fewer than 33% of patients experience an attributable DLT to the study drug, when at least 6 patients are treated at that dose and are evaluable for toxicity. If PK analysis of 3 patients treated at 4250 mg bid and 3 patients at 3000 mg bid confirms that the first dose area under the curve and Cmax of nelfinavir does not increase appreciably at doses greater than 1875 mg BID then 3000 mg BID will be deemed the MTD. (NCT00233948)
Timeframe: 4 weeks from start of treatment, up to 2 years

Interventionmg (Number)
Phase I3000

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Overall Response Rate (Phase II)

Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), >=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR (NCT00233948)
Timeframe: After 3 cycles of treatment, up to 2 years.

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Phase II1

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Effect of Drug Regimens on Serum Triglycerides.

(NCT00457665)
Timeframe: 12 and 24 months

,
Interventionmg/dL (Mean)
At 12 monthsAt 24 months
Efavirenz (Sustiva)230.4290.0
Nelfinavir (Viracept)228.0293.4

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Clinical Response of Tumor

Tumor size as determined by imaging (NCT00589056)
Timeframe: 90 days

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Single Arm94

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Dose-limiting Toxicity

Any grade III or higher toxicity during chemoradiation, per CTCAE (NCT00589056)
Timeframe: 90 days

InterventionDose-limiting toxicities (Number)
Single Arm0

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Maximum Tolerated Dose of Nelfinavir

As determined by dose escalation rules (NCT00589056)
Timeframe: 90 days

Interventionmg PO twice daily (Number)
Single Arm1250

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Percent of Lesions With Local Control at 6 Months Post-treatment

To determine percent of lesions with local control at 6-months after SBRT delivered to a dose of 15 Gy in 1 fraction (per lesion site) combined with nelfinavir in patients with oligometastatic disease. (NCT01728779)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionpercentage of lesions (Number)
Nelfinavir w/Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)76.5

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Percentage of Participants With Freedom From Local Progression (FFLP)

To determine the 6-month Freedom From Local Progression rate (measured as a percentage of participants) in participants treated with radiosensitizer nelfinavir used concurrently with 15 Gy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) delivered in 1 fraction in patients with oligometastatic disease. FFLP is defined as the percent of participants who were free from progression at the 6 month time point. (NCT01728779)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Nelfinavir w/Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)78.4

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Participants' Clinical Progress While in Follow-up in Terms of Survival

To assess the long-term clinical outcomes of this patient population after completion of SBRT in combination with Nelfinavir by determining the percentage of participants with Overall Survival (OS), Freedom From Distant Metastasis (FFDM) and the Progression-Free Survival (PFS). (NCT01728779)
Timeframe: 18 months

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Overall SurvivalFreedom From Distant MetastasisProgression-Free Survival
Nelfinavir w/Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)90.762.457.6

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Total Number of Adverse Events Experienced by Participants

To assess the toxicity of the radiosensitizer Nelfinavir used concurrently with 15 Gy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) delivered in 1 fraction (per lesion site) in patients with oligometastatic disease. Toxicity is assessed by the total number of adverse events based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). (NCT01728779)
Timeframe: 1 year

Interventionadverse events (Number)
AnorexiaAnxietyCoughAgitationAlanine Amino Trans increasedAlkaline Phosphatase increasedAlopeciaALT IncreaseAnemiaApneaAspartate Amino Trans increasedAtaxiaBilirubin IncreasedBloatingBronchial InfectionBruisingChillsColonic obstructionConcentration ImpairmentConjunctivitisConstipationCreatinine increasedCytokine Release SyndromeDehydrationDepressionDermatitisDiarrheaDizzinessDry MouthDyspepsiaDyspneaEdemaEsophageal painEsophagitisFatigueFecal IncontinenceFeverGastritisHeadacheHearing LossHematuriaHemaglobin IncreasedHemorrhoidsHiccupsHot FlashesHyperglycemiaHyperkalemiaHypernatremiaHypertensionHypoglycemiaHypokalemiaHyponatremiaHypoxiaInsomniaLymphocyte absolute decreasedMalaiseNauseaNeuralgiaWhite blood cells decreasedWeight LossWeight GainVomittingUrticariaUrinary IncontinenceUrinary FrequencyTremorToothacheStomatitisStomach PainOral mucositisPerineal PainPeriodontal DiseasePlatelet count decreasedProctitisPruritisRadiation Recall RctnRashSkin InfectionShort term memory impairment
Nelfinavir w/Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT)201725334832332136176172181141513111141325213532413121331224324112211122223122210151022523221131113293211

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Distant Failure-free Survival

Analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plots, medians and ranges. (NCT01959672)
Timeframe: Date of administration study drug to the date of first appearance of tumor lesions by imaging, or death, assessed up to 5 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (Chemotherapy, Oregovomab, SBRT, Surgery)11

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Number of Participants With CA-125-Specific T-cell Signal.

The percentage of patients responding will be summarized using frequencies and percentages. (NCT01959672)
Timeframe: Baseline to up to week 12

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment (Chemotherapy, Oregovomab, SBRT, Surgery)2

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Number of Participants With Progressive Disease,

Rate of progressive disease defined as at least a 25% increase in the longest diameter of a lesion, taking as reference the longest diameter recorded since the treatment started. An exact one-sided 90% confidence interval will be constructed round the progressive disease rate. (NCT01959672)
Timeframe: Up to 4 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment (Chemotherapy, Oregovomab, SBRT, Surgery)2

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Overall Survival

Analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plots, medians and ranges. (NCT01959672)
Timeframe: Date of first of study drug to the date of death, assessed up to 5 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (Chemotherapy, Oregovomab, SBRT, Surgery)14.4

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Surgical Complete Resection (Negative Margin) Rate

The percentage of patients who will undergo R0 resection (NCT01959672)
Timeframe: Up to week 18

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment (Chemotherapy, Oregovomab, SBRT, Surgery)4

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Inhibition of Anti-dsDNA Binding

Change in serum anti-dsDNA titer from baseline to Day 56; a decrease in titer ≥ 35% was considered a positive response (NCT02066311)
Timeframe: baseline to Day 56

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Open-label Study With the Simon Two-Stage Trial Design1

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Locoregional Control

locoregional control determined via diagnostic imaging and clinical examination. (NCT02207439)
Timeframe: 5 years

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Single Arm Phase 217

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Decrease in Hypoxia From Nelfinavir

Decrease in Hypoxia from Nelfinavir was determined by change in uptake and volume as assessed via 18f-FMISO or 18f-EF5 PET/CT pre-Nelfinavir versus post Nelfnavir lead-in (NCT02207439)
Timeframe: 7-14 days

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Single Arm, 2 Period, Phase 2 Trial12

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Change in Glucose Metabolism From Nelfinavir

Change in Glucose Metabolism from Nelfinavir was determined by change in glucose uptake as assessed via FDG-PET/CT pre-Nelfinavir versus post Nelfnavir lead-in (NCT02207439)
Timeframe: From the initiation of any study procedures to 30 days following the completion of 7 chemoradiation

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Single Arm, 2 Period, Phase 2 Trial17

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Progression-free Survival

No RECIST measurable progression over the course of 2 years post-treatment. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions (NCT03050060)
Timeframe: From start of treatment to progression by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, symptomatic deterioration, or death due to any cause, assessed up to 2 years

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment (Nelfinavir, Immunotherapy, Radiation Therapy)2

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Response Rate

"Will be determined by immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor 1.1. Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1) for target lesions and assessed by CT Scan: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), >=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.," (NCT03050060)
Timeframe: Up to 6 months after initiating treatment

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment (Nelfinavir, Immunotherapy, Radiation Therapy)2

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Number of Adverse Events

Will be assessed by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. All adverse events that were attributable to study intervention in 20 participants, and counted the frequency of severity levels in the participants. (NCT03050060)
Timeframe: Adverse events were assessed up to 6 months from start of study treatment and All Cause Mortality was assessed upto 2 years from start of study treatment.

InterventionPercentage of adverse events (Number)
Percentage of mild adverse eventsPercentage of Moderate Adverse EventsPercentage of Severe Adverse EventsPercentage of Life-Threatening Adverse Events
Treatment (Nelfinavir, Immunotherapy, Radiation Therapy)592314.53.5

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SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.		2.6104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		2.0510monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
acetamide
acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.		2.0510acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
adenine
[no description available]		9.631886-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allantoin
[no description available]		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
vulnerary
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		3.6120acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		3.8830amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
carbamates
[no description available]		14.61869amino-acid anion
carnitine
[no description available]		2.4720amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.0510tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		2.0210halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
coumarin
2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative		2.5720coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		3.1850monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		4.7690aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
taxifolin
[no description available]		3.51103'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroflavonols;
pentahydroxyflavanone;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		3.5920amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
creatine
[no description available]		2.0510glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical
cytosine
[no description available]		4.7130aminopyrimidine;
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		4.13312-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.		2.0510sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
formaldehyde
paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy		2.0510aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		2.0510alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		2.0510alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
hydroquinone
[no description available]		2.0510benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.		2.610dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid		fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.		2.0510cyclitol;
hexol
melatonin
[no description available]		2.0810acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		2.7530pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		3.5920pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
orotic acid
Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.		2.0510pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
parathion
[no description available]		3.1210C-nitro compound;
organic thiophosphate;
organothiophosphate insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
avicide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		2.0510phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid
phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
phosphorylcholine
Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.		2.1710phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
picolinic acid
picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.		2.610pyridinemonocarboxylic acidhuman metabolite;
MALDI matrix material
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		3.8730monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.		2.0510methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6 phosphate		coenzyme;
cofactor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		3.5920hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		3.9330primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		2.0510pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		2.7130isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxyflavan
b 844-39
[no description available]		3.5110diarylmethane
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		2.0510p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
1,10-phenanthroline
1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases		2.0610phenanthrolineEC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.		2.4420monochlorobenzenes;
N-arylpiperazine		drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
serotonergic agonist;
xenobiotic
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.		2.0110aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid		fluorescent probe
hoe 33342
BXI-72: structure in first source		2.4420bibenzimidazole;
N-methylpiperazine		fluorochrome
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.		2.0610isocoumarins;
organochlorine compound		geroprotector;
serine protease inhibitor
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.		3.1210amphetamines;
benzodioxoles		neurotoxin
3-aminobenzamide
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
substituted aniline		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
pleconaril
WIN 63843: structure given in first source		2.610
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride
[no description available]		2.610
phenytoin
[no description available]		9.4160imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
tacrine
Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		4.460acridines;
aromatic amine		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol
Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.		3.8730aromatic amide;
ethanolamines;
ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		4.0940acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		4.350monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide
Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.		2.0510acetophenones;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.5920acetohydroxamic acids;
carbohydroximic acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
ethacridine
Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent.		2.0110acridines
alaproclate
alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer		3.2310alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole
[no description available]		3.8730aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		4.140phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alendronate
alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.		3.23101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
primary amino compound		bone density conservation agent;
EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin
alfuzosin: structure given in first source		3.5920monocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
alosetron
alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.		3.2310imidazoles;
pyridoindole		antiemetic;
gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic antagonist
alprazolam
Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.		3.8830organochlorine compound;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
alprenolol
Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.		3.3460secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
altretamine
Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.		3.2310triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		4.5570adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium
ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.		3.2310quaternary ammonium ionEC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ambroxol
Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.		2.0510aromatic amine
diatrizoic acid
Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		3.6120acetamides;
benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous
Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.		3.2310diamine;
organic thiophosphate		antioxidant;
prodrug;
radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide
Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.		2.4720dicarboximide;
piperidones;
substituted aniline		adrenergic agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine
pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.		2.0510guanidines;
one-carbon compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid
p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.		3.620N-acylglycineDaphnia magna metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		4.4260dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole
2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.		2.6101,3-thiazoles;
primary amino compound
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		5.06701-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
dan 2163
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amide;
aromatic amine;
benzamides;
pyrrolidines;
sulfone		environmental contaminant;
second generation antipsychotic;
xenobiotic
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		4.6780carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlexanox
amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.		2.0810monocarboxylic acid;
pyridochromene		anti-allergic agent;
anti-ulcer drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		3.8730dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amobarbital
Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.		2.0510barbiturates
amodiaquine
Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.		4.2940aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
amoxapine
Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.		3.8930dibenzooxazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
dopaminergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.4720acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		3.8730nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione
Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.		2.0510methoxybenzenes
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.4720anthracenesantipsoriatic
antipyrine
Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.		2.4720pyrazoloneantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
apraclonidine
apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0110dichlorobenzene;
guanidines;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antiglaucoma drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
diagnostic agent;
ophthalmology drug
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		5.170benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
astemizole
Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.		4.0950benzimidazoles;
piperidines		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		4.5770ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
aurintricarboxylic acid
Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'.		2.0310monohydroxybenzoic acid;
quinomethanes;
tricarboxylic acid		fluorochrome;
histological dye;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		4.0940aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
azelastine
azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.5220monochlorobenzenes;
phthalazines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
baclofen
[no description available]		4.4460amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
barbital
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).		2.0510barbituratesdrug allergen
bendazac
bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.		3.5920indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide
Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.		3.2310benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
benzamide
benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.		2.610benzamides
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		5.09701-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
benzocaine
Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.		2.0810benzoate ester;
substituted aniline		allergen;
antipruritic drug;
sensitiser;
topical anaesthetic
benzyl benzoate
benzyl benzoate: structure; acarosan, a moist powder composed of wetted cellulose and benzyl benzoate, is used on carpets as an acaricide. benzyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia.		2.0810benzoate ester;
benzyl ester		acaricide;
plant metabolite;
scabicide
benzyl isothiocyanate
benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma		3.1210benzenes;
isothiocyanate		antibacterial drug
berberine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		3.12105-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
betaxolol
[no description available]		3.2310propanolamineantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bethanechol
Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.		3.2310carbamate ester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscarinic agonist
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		4.140(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.4720biphenyls;
imidazoles
biperiden
Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.		3.2310piperidines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to sarin poisoning;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
bisacodyl
Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)		3.6120diarylmethane
bisoprolol
Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.		3.5920secondary alcohol;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bromhexine
Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).		2.0810organobromine compound;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		mucolytic
bromopride
bromopride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0810benzamides
bromisovalum
Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.		2.0510N-acylurea;
organobromine compound
bronopol
[no description available]		2.0810nitro compound
brotizolam
brotizolam: structure		2.0510organic molecular entity
bumetanide
[no description available]		4.0940amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		2.4820aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
buspirone
Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.		4.9460azaspiro compound;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
piperidones;
pyrimidines		anxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
busulfan
[no description available]		4.0940methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital
secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital		3.2310barbiturates
butalbital
butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.		2.0510barbituratesanalgesic;
sedative
caffeine
[no description available]		4.9660purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		7.01220aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
camostat
camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.		2.610benzoate ester;
carboxylic ester;
diester;
guanidines;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifibrinolytic drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
serine protease inhibitor
camphor, (+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.610bornane monoterpenoid;
cyclic monoterpene ketone		plant metabolite
candesartan cilexetil
candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects		3.8930biphenyls
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.9430benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		9.5570dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carbinoxamine
carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.		3.2310monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		3.5920carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		2.4720N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carprofen
carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.		2.4720carbazoles;
organochlorine compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
photosensitizing agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		4.0940carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
celecoxib
[no description available]		4.6880organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		4.0940ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
cetylpyridinium
Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.		2.610pyridinium ion
chelerythrine
chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.		2.0710benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
organic cation		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate
[no description available]		2.0510aldehyde hydrate;
ethanediol;
organochlorine compound		general anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
sedative;
xenobiotic
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		4.0940aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine
chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness		3.2310diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		4.0940benzodiazepine
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		3.59201,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		10.7140aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.		3.2310benzothiadiazineantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
chloroxylenol
chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.		2.5420monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
molluscicide
chlorphenesin carbamate
[no description available]		2.0810carbamate ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary alcohol		muscle relaxant
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		4.2550monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		4.6880organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		4.2850monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone
Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.		3.6120isoindoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		4.1401,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cifenline
[no description available]		2.0810diarylmethane
ciclopirox
[no description available]		2.0810cyclic hydroxamic acid;
hydroxypyridone antifungal drug;
pyridone		antibacterial agent;
antiseborrheic
ciglitazone
ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.		2.4720aromatic ether;
thiazolidinone		antineoplastic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostazol
[no description available]		3.6120lactam;
tetrazoles		anticoagulant;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
fibrin modulating drug;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		6.37110aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin
Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.		2.0510cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		3.0140cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		4.4460aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
cisapride
Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.		2.0510benzamides
citalopram
Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.		4.1402-benzofurans;
cyclic ether;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound
clioquinol
Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		2.4720monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
organoiodine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
chelator;
copper chelator
clobazam
Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.		2.47201,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clofazimine
Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.		4.5870monochlorobenzenes;
phenazines		dye;
leprostatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		4.0940aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene
[no description available]		3.8730tertiary amineestrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine
Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		4.5870dibenzoazepineanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam
Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.		3.23101,4-benzodiazepinone;
monochlorobenzenes		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		4.0740clonidine;
imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide
[no description available]		2.4720sulfonamide
chlorazepate
clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.		3.23101,4-benzodiazepinoneanticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator;
prodrug
clotiazepam
clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines		2.0510organic molecular entity
clotrimazole
[no description available]		5.4770conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclandelate
Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.		2.0510carboxylic ester;
secondary alcohol		vasodilator agent
cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		3.6120carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant;
muscle relaxant;
tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil
Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.		3.2310organic molecular entity
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		3.5920piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		2.5420dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		4.0940substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
deferiprone
Deferiprone: A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of IRON OVERLOAD in patients with THALASSEMIA.. deferiprone : A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.		2.6104-pyridonesiron chelator;
protective agent
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		3.5920acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		4.9360dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
amphetamine
Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.		3.5920primary amine
eflornithine
Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.		2.0510alpha-amino acid;
fluoroamino acid		trypanocidal drug
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		6.16911,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		4.0940benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		5.0670amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ddt
1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source		2.0510benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
dichlorphenamide
Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.		3.2310dichlorobenzene;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine
Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.		3.2310carboxylic ester;
tertiary amine		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.		3.2310pentacarboxylic acidcopper chelator
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		3.5920monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dimercaprol
Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.		3.2310dithiol;
primary alcohol		chelator
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		4.2650ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		10.42100piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		4.4460monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		10.7880organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		4.7950branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
domperidone
Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.		2.830benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil
Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.		3.6120aromatic ether;
indanones;
piperidines;
racemate		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
nootropic agent
doxapram
Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.		3.2310morpholines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones		central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin
Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.		4.350aromatic amine;
benzodioxine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
vasodilator agent
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		4.0940dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
doxylamine
Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.		3.2310pyridines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antitussive;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
sedative
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		3.5920aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
dyphylline
Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.		3.2310oxopurine;
propane-1,2-diols		bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
ebastine
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
ebselen
ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.		2.610benzoselenazoleanti-inflammatory drug;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor;
enzyme mimic;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
genotoxin;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
econazole
Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.		2.4820dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes
edrophonium
Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.		3.2310phenols;
quaternary ammonium ion		antidote;
diagnostic agent;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
enflurane
Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		anaesthetic
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		2.76301,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
epinastine
epinastine: RN given refers parent cpd. epinastine : A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.		2.0810benzazepine;
guanidines		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
ophthalmology drug
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		2.7230
estazolam
Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.		3.5920triazoles;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		3.8730aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
ethosuximide
Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.		3.6120dicarboximide;
pyrrolidinone		anticonvulsant;
geroprotector;
T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin
ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
ethoxzolamide
Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzothiazoles;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
etidronate
Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.		3.73201,1-bis(phosphonic acid)antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		3.8730monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2-hexyloxybenzamide
2-hexyloxybenzamide: structure		2.610aromatic ether;
benzamides		antifungal agent
brl 42810
[no description available]		4.13402-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		3.5920carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid
biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.		2.0810biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		9.2650dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fendiline
Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.		2.0710diarylmethane
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		5.280aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fenoldopam
Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.		3.2310benzazepinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
dopamine agonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
fenoprofen
Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fentanyl
Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		2.4720anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
fexofenadine
fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.		4.2550piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide
fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level		3.2310benzodioxoles
flavoxate
Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.		3.2310carboxylic ester;
flavones;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
flecainide
Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		3.8730aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin
Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.		2.0810difluorobenzene;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinolines		antibacterial drug;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		9.4260conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		3.8730aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
flufenamic acid
Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.		2.0510aromatic amino acid;
organofluorine compound		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		4.1640N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		4.2850ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
fluorescite
fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.		4.0940benzoic acids;
cyclic ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		7.6792nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		5.6390(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurazepam
Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.		3.23101,4-benzodiazepinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		3.5920fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		4.6880(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
fomepizole
Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		3.5920pyrazolesantidote;
EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
protective agent
foscarnet
Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		5.6251carboxylic acid;
one-carbon compound;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
furafylline
[no description available]		3.5520oxopurine
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		5.3190chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
gabapentin
Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.		3.8630gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
gabexate
Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.		2.610benzoate ester
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		4.9460aromatic etherantilipemic drug
glafenine
Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.		3.5920aminoquinoline;
carboxylic ester;
glycol;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide
Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.		2.4720N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
radical scavenger
glimepiride
glimepiride: structure given in first source		4.140sulfonamide
glipizide
Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		4.140aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-sulfonylurea;
pyrazines		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
glutaral
Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.		2.610dialdehydecross-linking reagent;
disinfectant;
fixative
glutethimide
Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.		2.0510piperidines
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		5.0970monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester
[no description available]		3.2310benzenes
gossypol
Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.		2.0510
granisetron
[no description available]		3.6120aromatic amide;
indazoles
guaiazulene
guaiazulene: structure		2.0510sesquiterpene
guaifenesin
Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.		3.2310methoxybenzenes
guanethidine
Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.		3.2310azocanes;
guanidines		adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
sympatholytic agent
guanfacine
Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.		3.8730acetamides
guanidine
Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.		3.2310carboxamidine;
guanidines;
one-carbon compound
fasudil
fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.		2.5420isoquinolines;
N-sulfonyldiazepane		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
nootropic agent;
vasodilator agent
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		4.890aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
halothane
[no description available]		3.5420haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		2.0510bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		7.8430phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
hexestrol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
hexetidine
Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)		2.0510organic heteromonocyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital
Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.		2.0510barbiturates
hexylresorcinol
[no description available]		2.610resorcinols
beta-thujaplicin
beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.		2.610cyclic ketone;
enol;
monoterpenoid		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiplasmodial drug;
plant metabolite
ethidium
Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.		7.1110phenanthridinesfluorochrome;
intercalator
homochlorocyclizine
homochlorocyclizine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510diarylmethane
hycanthone
Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.		2.610thioxanthenesmutagen;
schistosomicide drug
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		3.5920azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.1340benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide
Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.		3.6120benzothiadiazine;
thiazide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.		5.0840aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
primary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		4.2850one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.		3.5920hydroxyether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antipruritic drug;
anxiolytic drug;
dermatologic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		4.350monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		4.3630primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		4.4160benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
alverine
alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug
idebenone
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
primary alcohol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor
ifosfamide
[no description available]		3.8730ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		4.5670dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		4.2750bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		4.2550indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		5.49110aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
iohexol
Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.		2.4720benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iodipamide
Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.		2.0510benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound;
secondary carboxamide		radioopaque medium
ioversol
[no description available]		3.2310amidobenzoic acid
iproniazid
[no description available]		4.0940carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		4.9460azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)		3.2310benzenes
isoflurane
Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.		2.0510organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		6.5781carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
2-propanol
2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.		2.0510secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		3.5920catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine
Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.		3.5920alkylbenzene
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		4.140benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		6.39110piperazines
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		4.0940cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		2.9840aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		6.7160dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		3.5920benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ketorolac
Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.		3.2310amino acid;
aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrrolizines;
racemate		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
khellin
Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.		2.0510furanochromone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle		anti-asthmatic agent;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
kojic acid
[no description available]		2.6104-pyranones;
enol;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
skin lightening agent
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		4.1240benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		4.42601,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		5.0970benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol
lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.		2.610
beta-lapachone
beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.		2.0510benzochromenone;
orthoquinones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		4.0740(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole
[no description available]		3.6120nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
lg 100268
LG 100268: a retinoid X receptor (RXR) selective compound; structure given in first source		210
lofepramine
Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.		2.4720aromatic ketone;
dibenzoazepine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
lomefloxacin
lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.		3.2310fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
lomerizine
lomerizine: used to treat migraines		2.0510diarylmethane
lomustine
[no description available]		3.8730N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		6.43121monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine
Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.		4.5670benzocycloheptapyridine;
ethyl ester;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam
Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.		3.2310benzodiazepine
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		5.360biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine
Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.		3.6120dibenzooxazepineantipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
4-(dimethylamino)-n-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide
4-(dimethylamino)-N-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)-N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid with the amino group of 7-amino-N-hydroxyheptanamide. It is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines.		2.610benzamides;
hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
mafenide
Mafenide: A sulfonamide that inhibits the enzyme CARBONIC ANHYDRASE and is used as a topical anti-bacterial agent, especially in burn therapy.		2.610aromatic amine
malathion
Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.		2.0510diester;
ethyl ester;
organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source		2.0510isopropyl ester
manidipine
[no description available]		2.5220diarylmethane
maprotiline
Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.		3.8730anthracenes
mazindol
Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.		2.0510organic molecular entity
mebendazole
Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.		4.0740aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester		antinematodal drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
mecamylamine
Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.		3.2310primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine
nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.		3.2310nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent
meclizine
Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.		3.5920diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid
Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.2310aminobenzoic acid;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenoxate
Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		4.140aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
memantine
[no description available]		3.2310adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		antidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3
Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.		2.05101,4-naphthoquinones;
vitamin K		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
nutraceutical
mepenzolate
mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.2310diarylmethane
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		3.5920ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mephenytoin
Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.		3.8730imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
mepivacaine
Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.		3.5920piperidinecarboxamidedrug allergen;
local anaesthetic
meprobamate
Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)		3.5920organic molecular entity
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		3.5920amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mesoridazine
Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.		3.2310phenothiazines;
sulfoxide;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol
Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.		3.2310aralkylamino compound;
phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		5.3190guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methadone
Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.		6.0381benzenes;
diarylmethane;
ketone;
tertiary amino compound
methazolamide
Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.		3.7320sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles
methocarbamol
Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.		3.7320aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
secondary alcohol
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		4.5940aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
methoxyflurane
Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		hepatotoxic agent;
inhalation anaesthetic;
nephrotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic
methyclothiazide
Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)		3.2310benzothiadiazine
methyl salicylate
methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.		2.0510benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
methyl methanesulfonate
[no description available]		2.0510methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		3.5920beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
methyprylon
methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94		2.0510organic molecular entity
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		5.0870benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metolazone
Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.		3.5920organochlorine compound;
quinazolines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		4.7890aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		4.140C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
metyrapone
Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.		3.5920aromatic ketoneantimetabolite;
diagnostic agent;
EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.		3.6120aromatic ether;
primary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin
Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.		2.0510dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine agonist;
sedative;
serotonergic antagonist
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		3.3520dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
midazolam
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.		7.54151imidazobenzodiazepine;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
central nervous system depressant;
GABAA receptor agonist;
general anaesthetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
midodrine
Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.		3.2310amino acid amide;
aromatic ether;
secondary alcohol		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone
[no description available]		3.2310bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		4.0940dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine
Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.		3.8730benzazepine;
tetracyclic antidepressant		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
oneirogen;
serotonergic antagonist
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		3.5920diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		4.87100dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
moclobemide
Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.		2.7630benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
modafinil
Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.		3.5920monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfoxide
moxisylyte
Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)		3.5920monoterpenoid
entinostat
[no description available]		2.610benzamides;
carbamate ester;
primary amino compound;
pyridines;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
deet
N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.		2.0510benzamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		environmental contaminant;
insect repellent;
xenobiotic
fidexaban
Fidexaban: structure in first source		3.110
acecainide
Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.		2.4720acetamides;
benzamides		anti-arrhythmia drug
ethylmaleimide
Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.		2.610maleimidesanticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
clorgyline
Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.		3.1210aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		3.9330methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nadolol
[no description available]		3.8730tetralins
nafamostat
nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic		3.5720benzoic acids;
guanidines
naftopidil
[no description available]		2.0510piperazines
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		4.28501,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
naratriptan
naratriptan: structure given in first source		3.2310heteroarylpiperidine;
sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		5.72100aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam
Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.		2.4720benzoxazocine;
tertiary amino compound
neostigmine
Neostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.. neostigmine : A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.7630quaternary ammonium ionantidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		15.699229cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		3.5920organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		6.3100benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
niceritrol
Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.		2.0510organic molecular entity
niclosamide
Niclosamide: An antihelmintic that is active against most tapeworms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p48). niclosamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorosalicylic acid with the amino group of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. It is an oral anthelmintic drug approved for use against tapeworm infections.		3.7820benzamides;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
salicylanilides;
secondary carboxamide		anthelminthic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiparasitic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
molluscicide;
piscicide;
STAT3 inhibitor
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		5.1880C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
niflumic acid
Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0510aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
nilutamide
[no description available]		3.8730(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		3.8730aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		4.96602-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nisoldipine
Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.		4.140C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
nisoxetine
nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		2.76301,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		4.2650C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		3.5920nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nizatidine
[no description available]		3.59201,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine
Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.		3.2310isoquinolinesdopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		2.0510catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		4.4260fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		4.9360organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		5.46413-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
olomoucine
olomoucine: inhibits protein P34CDC2. olomoucine : A 9H-purine that is substituted by a (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo, benzylnitrilo and a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 9, respectively. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.		2.05102,6-diaminopurines;
ethanolamines		EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		12.49122aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
ondansetron
Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.		4.4360carbazoles
orphenadrine
Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.		3.5920ether;
tertiary amino compound		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
osalmide
osalmide: structure		2.610organic molecular entity
oxamniquine
Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.		2.0510aromatic primary alcohol;
C-nitro compound;
quinolines;
secondary amino compound
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.87301,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		3.88301,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxethazaine
[no description available]		2.5420amino acid amide
oxprenolol
Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.		2.7530aromatic ether
oxybenzone
oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxybenzophenone;
monomethoxybenzene		dermatologic drug;
environmental contaminant;
protective agent;
ultraviolet filter;
xenobiotic
oxybutynin
oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		4.140acetylenic compound;
carboxylic ester;
racemate;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
parasympatholytic
oxyphenbutazone
Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.0510phenols;
pyrazolidines		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		3.8730aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
palmidrol
palmidrol: a cannabinoid receptor-inactive eCB-related molecule used as prophylactic in helping to prevent respiratory viral infection. palmitoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid.		2.610endocannabinoid;
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine;
N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticonvulsant;
antihypertensive agent;
neuroprotective agent
pamidronate
[no description available]		3.2310phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		4.8150aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		4.1340benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
pemoline
Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.		3.87301,3-oxazolescentral nervous system stimulant
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		4.0740aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		3.5920barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		4.350oxopurine
perazine
Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.		2.0510N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline
Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.		3.7320piperidinescardiovascular drug
periciazine
periciazine: was heading 1963-94 (Prov 1963-72); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PROPERICIAZINE 1966-94. periciazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl group at the nitrogen atom and a carbonitrile group at position 2. Periciazine is a first generation antipsychotic.		2.2510hydroxypiperidine;
nitrile;
phenothiazines		adrenergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
sedative
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		4.2750N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		2.9840acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.5820diaminopyridine;
monoazo compound		anticoronaviral agent;
carcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		4.0940barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		2.0510phenols
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		3.8830aromatic amine
phentermine
Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.		3.2310primary amineadrenergic agent;
appetite depressant;
central nervous system drug;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopaminergic agent;
sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid
4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.		3.7320monocarboxylic acidantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		2.4720pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group.		2.610acyl fluorideserine proteinase inhibitor
moxonidine
moxonidine: structure given in first source		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
pilsicainide
pilsicainide: structure given in first source. pilsicainide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the carboxy group of (tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a(5H)-yl)acetic acid. It is a sodium channel blocker which is used as an antiarrhythmic drug for the management of atrial tachyarrhythmias in Japan.		2.0710organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
pimobendan
pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source		2.610benzimidazoles;
pyridazinone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		2.0510pyridines
pindolol
Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.		4.4260indoles;
secondary amine		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		4.4360aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
pipemidic acid
Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.		2.0510amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridopyrimidine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine
[no description available]		2.0510azacycloalkane;
piperazines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		anthelminthic drug
piracetam
Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.		2.0810organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
piribedil
Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.		2.0810N-arylpiperazine
pj-34
PJ34 : A member of the class of phenanthridines that is 5,6-dihydrophenanthridine substituted at positions 2 and 6 by (N,N-dimethylglycyl)amino and oxo groups, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 110 nM and 86 nM, respectively) and exhibits anti-cancer, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties.		2.610phenanthridines;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antiatherosclerotic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
polythiazide
[no description available]		3.2310benzothiadiazine
practolol
Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		210acetamides;
ethanolamines;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
duodote
duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents		3.2310pyridinium ionantidote to organophosphate poisoning;
antidote to sarin poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
cholinesterase reactivator
ono 1078
pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.4720chromones
pyranoprofen
pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0810pyridochromene
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		4.3150isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		4.7890aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		4.0940aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		3.8730pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		4.350benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
probucol
Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.		2.5420dithioketal;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug
procainamide
Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		4.2750benzamidesanti-arrhythmia drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		3.5920benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		4.850N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine
Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.		3.6120pyrrolidines;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist
promazine
Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.		2.5420phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		4.4560phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propafenone
Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		3.8930aromatic ketone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline
Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.		3.2310xanthenes
propidium
Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.		2.0510phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		3.5920phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		4.96110naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
protriptyline
Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.		3.2310carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant
pyridinolcarbamate
Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)		2.0510pyridines
pyridostigmine
[no description available]		3.5520pyridinium ion
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		3.8430aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134
quazepam: structure given in first source		3.2310benzodiazepine
quetiapine
[no description available]		3.6120dibenzothiazepine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rabeprazole
Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.		4.2220benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene
raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.		5.26601-benzothiophenes;
aromatic ketone;
N-oxyethylpiperidine;
phenols		bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine
[no description available]		4.0650aralkylamine
opc 12759
rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase		2.0510secondary carboxamide
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		3.8730benzothiazoles
rimantadine
Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.		3.9530alkylamine
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		4.44601,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan
rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate		3.2310tryptaminesanti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
rofecoxib
[no description available]		2.7630butenolide;
sulfone		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
rolipram
[no description available]		2.610pyrrolidin-2-onesantidepressant;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ropinirole
[no description available]		3.2310indolones;
tertiary amine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
dopamine agonist
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		2.0510phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate
salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.		3.3110ether;
phenols;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
sanguinarine
benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
salicylsalicylic acid
salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.		3.5520benzoate ester;
benzoic acids;
phenols;
salicylates		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
scriptaid
scriptide: provokes translocation of GLUT4 to increase glucose uptake; structure in first source		2.610isoquinolines
sebacic acid
sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.		2.610alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
secobarbital
Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.		4.0720barbituratesanaesthesia adjuvant;
GABA modulator;
sedative
sevoflurane
Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organofluorine compound		central nervous system depressant;
inhalation anaesthetic;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine
sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride		3.8630organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		4.2550pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
risedronic acid
Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.		3.2310pyridines
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		4.2750ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt
sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.		2.0510organic sodium saltEC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
orphan drug;
prodrug
spiperone
Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.		2.110aromatic ketone;
azaspiro compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
fenofibrate
[no description available]		2.610benzochromenone;
delta-lactone;
naphtho-alpha-pyrone		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
Sir2 inhibitor
imatinib
[no description available]		5.84110aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		3.8730dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine
Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.		3.2310quaternary ammonium ion;
succinate ester		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		2.0510aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamerazine
[no description available]		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfameter
Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
leprostatic drug;
renal agent
sulfamethazine
Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		3.5920sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.9640isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfanilamide
[no description available]		2.0510substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfanitran
[no description available]		2.0810sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole
Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.		2.4720primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine
Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyridines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
dermatologic drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		5.39100
sulfathiazole
Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		3.23101,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		2.7630pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole
Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		2.4720isoxazoles;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		3.5920alkylbenzene
sulpiride
Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.		2.0510benzamides;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfonamide		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
sumatriptan
Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.		4.2550sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		3.8730aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		2.0510naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		2.4720N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tazarotene
tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.		2.0810acetylenic compound;
ethyl ester;
pyridines;
retinoid;
thiochromane		keratolytic drug;
prodrug;
teratogenic agent
tegafur
[no description available]		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		3.5920benzodiazepine
temozolomide
[no description available]		6.4671imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terazosin
Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia		3.6120furans;
piperazines;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
terbutaline
Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.		4.0940phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		4.2160diarylmethane
tetracaine
Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.		2.0510benzoate ester;
tertiary amino compound		local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)		2.9540quaternary ammonium ion
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		4.6640phthalimides;
piperidones
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		3.59201,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		5.0870phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		4.7750aziridines
tiapride
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides
tiaprofenic acid
tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		drug allergen;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		5.2860monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tilorone
Tilorone: An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.. tilorone : A member of the class of fluoren-9-ones that is 9H-fluoren-9-one which is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethoxy group at positions 2 and 7. It is an interferon inducer and a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) agonist. Its hydrochloride salt is used as an antiviral drug.		2.4720aromatic ether;
diether;
fluoren-9-ones;
tertiary amino compound		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
interferon inducer;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
tinidazole
Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.		3.6120imidazolesantiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.		3.5920N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine
tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.		4.0940benzothiadiazole;
imidazoles		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
muscle relaxant
nikethamide
Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)		2.0810pyridinecarboxamide
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		3.5920N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		4.2750N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolmetin
Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrroles		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate
[no description available]		2.0810monothiocarbamic esterantifungal drug
tolperisone
Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)		2.0510aromatic ketone
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		4.2750aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid
Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.		3.5920amino acid
trazodone
Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.		5.0670monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazolopyridine		adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		4.2850pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
triazolam
Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.		3.620triazolobenzodiazepinesedative
triclosan
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		4.1440N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.5420organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
trigonelline
trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610alkaloid;
iminium betaine		food component;
human urinary metabolite;
plant metabolite
trihexyphenidyl
Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.		3.2310amine
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		3.5920oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethobenzamide
trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.		3.7320benzamides;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		4.6780aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trimetrexate
Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.		3.2310
trimipramine
Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.		3.6120dibenzoazepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		4.2850chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
thenoyltrifluoroacetone
Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.		2.0810
tyramine
[no description available]		3.2310monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
tyrphostin a9
[no description available]		2.610alkylbenzenegeroprotector
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		16.08214aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
undecylenic acid
undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.		2.0810undecenoic acidantifungal drug;
plant metabolite
urapidil
[no description available]		2.4720piperazines
urethane
[no description available]		3.1210carbamate esterfungal metabolite;
mutagen
venlafaxine
venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.		4.2750cyclohexanols;
monomethoxybenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
xenobiotic
vesnarinone
[no description available]		2.5420organic molecular entity
vigabatrin
[no description available]		3.8730gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
pirinixic acid
pirinixic acid: structure		2.4720aryl sulfide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrimidines
ici 204,219
zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		4.140carbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon
zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.		3.6120nitrile;
pyrazolopyrimidine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
central nervous system depressant;
sedative
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		3.5920imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
zonisamide
Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.		3.87301,2-benzoxazoles;
sulfonamide		anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
central nervous system drug;
protective agent;
T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone
zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.		2.0810monochloropyridine;
pyrrolopyrazine		central nervous system depressant;
sedative
guanidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic chloride salt		protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		3.5920corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		3.5920mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		4.275011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
estriol
hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.		2.051016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		estrogen;
human metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		5.1880alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.8830imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		3.5920glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		2.0510nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide
[no description available]		2.0510benzodioxolespesticide synergist
bromouracil
Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.		2.0510nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidines		mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid
tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.		2.0510
histamine dihydrochloride
Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.		2.0510
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		5.78612-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.		3.59201-phenylpropan-2-amineadrenergic agent;
adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
dopaminergic agent;
neurotoxin;
sympathomimetic agent
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		2.4420ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate
norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.		2.46203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		3.87303-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclobarbital
cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative		2.0510barbiturates
allobarbital
allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects		2.0510barbiturates
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		3.8730non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
cysteine
[no description available]		3.2310cysteine zwitterion;
cysteine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		4.225011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		3.592017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxandrolone
Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.		3.592017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
oxa-steroid		anabolic agent;
androgen
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		2.051017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nad
[no description available]		2.0510NADgeroprotector
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		4.9940penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
idoxuridine
[no description available]		2.5320organoiodine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
pilocarpine
Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.		3.5920pilocarpineantiglaucoma drug
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		3.88302-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
isoflurophate
Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.		2.0310dialkyl phosphate
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		2.4720chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
alanine
Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.		4.3550alanine zwitterion;
alanine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		4.9460C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		2.4320aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		3.930amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		2.610aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetrimonium bromide
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.		2.0510organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		detergent;
surfactant
vincristine
[no description available]		4.2550acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		3.5920carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		2.0510glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		3.843017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate
Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.		2.0510steroid ester
tubocurarine
Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.		2.4720bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloiddrug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		4.0940aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
aminopyrine
Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.		2.0510pyrazolone;
tertiary amino compound		antipyretic;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.		3.592017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enone		anabolic agent;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		3.5920benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
cephalothin
Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.		2.0510azabicycloalkene;
beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative;
thiophenes		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
uridine
[no description available]		2.0510uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		4.0940kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0510phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		2.4720amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		3.2310ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
phenylethyl alcohol
Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.		2.610benzenes;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
fragrance;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		2.5920amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
cysteamine
Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.		3.2310amine;
thiol		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride
acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.		3.2310quaternary ammonium salt
mepazine
mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.		3.2310phenothiazines
adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.		4.3550adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
cofactor;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
niridazole
Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound
cloxacillin
Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.		3.2310penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
methylene blue
Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.		2.0510organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
zoxazolamine
Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.		2.610benzoxazole
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		2.0210amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
berlition
berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.		2.0810dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
lipoic acid;
thia fatty acid		cofactor;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group
ethyl methanesulfonate
Ethyl Methanesulfonate: An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.. ethyl methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with ethanol.		10.23150methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen;
teratogenic agent
calcium acetate
calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.		3.2310calcium saltchelator
carbaryl
Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.		2.0510carbamate ester;
naphthalenes		acaricide;
agrochemical;
carbamate insecticide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant growth retardant
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		2.0510lactose
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		4.5170aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.		210amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Mebutamate
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		5.5780alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
cytidine
[no description available]		2.4520cytidinesEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytidine triphosphate
Cytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		2.0810cytidine 5'-phosphate;
pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
mebanazine
mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310benzenes
oxacillin
Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.		3.2310penicillinantibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		2.5420antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin
Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.		3.620psoralensplant metabolite
triamcinolone diacetate
triamcinolone diacetate: lysyl oxidase antagonist; Polcortolon may also refers to triamcinolone		2.0810corticosteroid hormone
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		2.462017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		2.0510oxo steroid
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).		3.23104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone
benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)		3.5920aromatic ketone
chlorpromazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510hydrochloride;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
tubercidin
Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.		2.610antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		3.5920beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		9.2550mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		3.8730beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		2.610nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
asparagine
Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.		2.7330amino acid zwitterion;
asparagine;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate
[no description available]		6.035220-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
steroid ester		adjuvant;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
female contraceptive drug;
inhibitor;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
sulfobromophthalein sodium
bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.		2.4420organic sodium saltdye
valine
Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.		3.2660L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid;
valine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
terminal acetylenic compound		prodrug;
xenoestrogen
methaqualone
Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.		2.0510quinazolinesGABA agonist;
sedative
trypan blue
VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.		2.0510
cordycepin
[no description available]		2.05103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines		antimetabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.0510erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isoleucine
Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine.		2.0110aspartate family amino acid;
isoleucine;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		3.5920arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
acetylene
[no description available]		3.1210alkyne;
gas molecular entity;
terminal acetylenic compound
trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
perflutren
Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.		3.2310fluoroalkane;
fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.472011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone
Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
fluorinated steroid		anabolic agent;
antineoplastic agent
allylpropymal
allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.		2.0510barbiturates
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		3.1210benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
butobarbital
butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)		2.0510barbiturates
methsuximide
methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		3.2310organic molecular entity
tromethamine
Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)		3.2310primary amino compound;
triol		buffer
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		3.5420chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
cumene hydroperoxide
cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.		3.1210peroxolenvironmental contaminant;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
oxidising agent
dehydrocholic acid
Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.		2.051012-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-5beta-steroid;
7-oxo steroid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid
Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.		2.0710amino sulfonic acid;
bile acid taurine conjugate		human metabolite
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		4.27506-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		2.0810organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
9,10-anthraquinone
9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.		2.610anthraquinone
brompheniramine
Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.6120organobromine compound;
pyridines		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
penicillin v
Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.		3.2310penicillin allergen;
penicillin
salicylanilide
salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.		2.610benzanilide fungicide;
salicylamides;
salicylanilides
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		3.5920glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
gramine
gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.		2.610aminoalkylindole;
indole alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
aminacrine
Aminacrine: A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.. 9-aminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by an amino group. A fluorescent dyd and topical antiseptic agent, it is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) in eye drops for the treatment of superficial eye infections.		2.610aminoacridines;
primary amino compound		acid-base indicator;
antiinfective agent;
antiseptic drug;
fluorescent dye;
MALDI matrix material;
mutagen
pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.		3.2310phenylethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
central nervous system drug;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
diethylpropion
Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
tertiary amine		appetite depressant
phenothiazine
10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.		2.0510phenothiazineferroptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
synephrine
[no description available]		2.0510ethanolamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenols		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
plant metabolite
benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.		2.0510carbonyl compound
methyl gallate
methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties.		2.610gallate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
monobenzone
monobenzone: structure. monobenzone : The monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone. It is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.		2.5820benzyl etherallergen;
dermatologic drug;
melanin synthesis inhibitor
benzonatate
benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.		3.2310benzoate ester;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		anaesthetic;
antitussive
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		4.1131pyrrole;
secondary amine
furan
furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.		2.0510furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene		carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product
thiophenes
Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.		2.0110mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
thiophenes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
carbitol
carbitol: used as lubricating oil & in braking fluid, structure. diethylene glycol monoethyl ether : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.		2.1310diether;
glycol ether;
hydroxypolyether;
primary alcohol		protic solvent
ergotamine
Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.		7.4320peptide ergot alkaloidalpha-adrenergic agonist;
mycotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
oxytocic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		3.2310ergoline alkaloid
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.4320bromide salt
phenformin
Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.		2.9840biguanidesantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital
Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesanticonvulsant
hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.		2.0510aromatic fungicide;
chlorobenzenes		antifungal agrochemical;
carcinogenic agent;
persistent organic pollutant
trinitrotoluene
Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.		2.0510trinitrotolueneexplosive
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.		2.4620aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.		2.0510anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone		antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector
meglumine
Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.		2.0510hexosamine;
secondary amino compound
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		3.5920quinolines
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		2.4320methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
nafcillin
Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.		3.2310penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		3.620dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
mequinol
mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
methohexital
Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.		3.2310acetylenic compound;
barbiturates		drug allergen;
intravenous anaesthetic
quinestrol
Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)		2.051017-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid		progestin
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		2.610catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.0510azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
acridines
Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.		3.1350acridines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene		genotoxin
1,3-benzodioxole
1,3-benzodioxole : A benzodioxole consisting of a benzene ring substituted by a the methylenedioxy group.		3.5110benzodioxole
adamantane
Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.		3.4411adamantanes;
polycyclic alkane
isoxazoles
Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.		2.0110isoxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles
[no description available]		5.76611,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines
Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.		3.1750diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
ethynodiol diacetate
Ethynodiol Diacetate: A synthetic progestational hormone used alone or in combination with estrogens as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.110steroid ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
estrogen receptor modulator;
synthetic oral contraceptive
calcium gluconate
[no description available]		3.411calcium saltnutraceutical
ephedrine
Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.		3.5920phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510
evans blue
Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.		2.0510organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
monocrotaline
Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.		2.0510pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate
[no description available]		2.0510heptanoate ester;
sterol ester		androgen
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		3.8730mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		3.9330N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol
phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity		2.0510aminopyridine
carbutamide
Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)		2.0510benzenes;
sulfonamide
galantamine
Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.		3.8730benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to curare poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate
Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.5920steroid ester
bucladesine
[no description available]		2.05103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
butanamides;
butyrate ester		agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
vasodilator agent
thymidine monophosphate
Thymidine Monophosphate: 5-Thymidylic acid. A thymine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety.. dTMP : The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate).		2.0210thymidine 5'-monophosphatefundamental metabolite
procarbazine hydrochloride
procarbazine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining procarbazine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		2.0810hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.763011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
perflubron
perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
perfluorinated compound		blood substitute;
radioopaque medium
cyproterone acetate
[no description available]		2.462020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
chlorinated steroid;
steroid ester		androgen antagonist;
geroprotector;
progestin
dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.		3.59201-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoatemu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
limestone
Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3.		3.411calcium salt;
carbonate salt;
inorganic calcium salt;
one-carbon compound		antacid;
fertilizer;
food colouring;
food firming agent
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		3.8830bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid
Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		2.0710bile acid glycine conjugatehuman metabolite
lucanthone
Lucanthone: One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46). lucanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone.		2.610thioxanthenesadjuvant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
mutagen;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
schistosomicide drug
cepharanthine
cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.		2.830bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
aloe emodin
aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.		2.610aromatic primary alcohol;
dihydroxyanthraquinone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
chrysophanic acid
chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.		2.610dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite
emetine
Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.		3.3460isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol
osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source		2.610botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		3.5420phthalazines
beta-nicotyrine
[no description available]		3.1210pyridines
flavanone
flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.		2.610flavanones
kainic acid
Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid		antinematodal drug;
excitatory amino acid agonist
thymoquinone
thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.		2.45201,4-benzoquinonesadjuvant;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
phenylpropanolamine
Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.		2.0510amphetamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid		plant metabolite
benzohydroxamic acid
[no description available]		2.0510
phloretic acid
phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acidplant metabolite
4-hydroxybutyric acid
4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.23104-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybutyric acid		general anaesthetic;
GHB receptor agonist;
neurotoxin;
sedative
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		3.5920ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		2.0510furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
hesperidin
Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.63203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
monomethoxyflavanone;
rutinoside		mutagen
medroxyprogesterone
[no description available]		3.231017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
angelicin
angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure		2.610furanocoumarin
dimenhydrinate
gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source		3.6120diarylmethane
n-hydroxyphthalimide
N-hydroxyphthalimide: causes contact dermititis		2.0510
copper gluconate
Gluconates: Derivatives of gluconic acid (the structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH), including its salts and esters.		3.1810organic molecular entity
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		2.0510thiazoles
perillyl alcohol
perillyl alcohol: inhibits geranylgeranyl transferase; structure in first source. perillyl alcohol : A limonene monoterpenoid consists of a cyclohexene ring substituted by a hydroxymethyl and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It is a constituent of a variety of essential oils including lavender.		2.0710limonene monoterpenoidplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
diperodon
diperodon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.610carbamate ester
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		4.1240amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
levocarnitine
(R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.		3.2310carnitineantilipemic drug;
nootropic agent;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
water-soluble vitamin (role)
sulfanilylurea
sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure		3.2310benzenes;
sulfonamide
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.0510organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
1-naphthylisothiocyanate
1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.		2.4720isothiocyanateinsecticide
hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.		2.0510
lactulose
[no description available]		3.5920glycosylfructosegastrointestinal drug;
laxative
megestrol acetate
[no description available]		2.813020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
alpha-naphthoflavone
alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).		3.1210extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pamabrom
[no description available]		3.2310
toyocamycin
Toyocamycin: 4-Amino-5-cyano-7-(D-ribofuranosyl)-7H- pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine. Antibiotic antimetabolite isolated from Streptomyces toyocaensis cultures. It is an analog of adenosine, blocks RNA synthesis and ribosome function, and is used mainly as a tool in biochemistry.. toyocamycin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is tubercidin in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the pyrrolopyrimidine moiety has been replaced by a cyano group.		2.0510antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
nitrile;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		4.4360acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
glycochenodeoxycholic acid
Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycochenodeoxycholate : A N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of glycochenodeoxycholic acid.. glycochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.		2.0710bile acid glycine conjugatehuman metabolite
erythromycin stearate
[no description available]		2.0510aminoglycoside
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		7.74111cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
[no description available]		2.5820
levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.		3.612017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
vinblastine
[no description available]		4.0550
diphenoxylate
Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.		3.2310ethyl ester;
nitrile;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amine		antidiarrhoeal drug
1-methylpyridinium
1-methylpyridinium: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710methylpyridines
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		5.6132pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
estradiol valerate
[no description available]		2.0510steroid ester
ethambutol hydrochloride
ethambutol dihydrochloride : The dihydrchloride salt of ethambutol. A bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, it is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol dihydrochloride is used alone.		2.0810hydrochlorideantitubercular agent
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.		3.7320ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative		antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
metformin hydrochloride
metformin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of metformin with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.		2.610hydrochlorideenvironmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide
3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide : A salicylanilide derivative with chloride substituents at C-3 and C-5 of the salicylate moiety and at C-3 and C-4 of the anilide moiety.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
salicylanilides		drug allergen
antimycin a
[no description available]		2.8130benzamides;
formamides;
macrodiolide;
phenols		antifungal agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
piscicide
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		3.5920glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		2.0710enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		4.0940alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
pregnenolone carbonitrile
Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.		2.4620aliphatic nitrile
n-methylcarbazole
N-methylcarbazole: RN given refers to cpd with methyl group in position 9		3.1210
ibufenac
ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidEC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metylperon
metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0810aromatic ketone
metaxalone
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic ether
spectinomycin
Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.		3.2310cyclic acetal;
cyclic hemiketal;
cyclic ketone;
pyranobenzodioxin;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl
5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl: structure in first source		2.610bipyridines
dichlorobenzyl alcohol
2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by chlorines.		2.610benzyl alcohols;
dichlorobenzene		antiseptic drug
beta-hydroxymyristic acid
beta-hydroxymyristic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid : A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is tetradecanoic (myristic) acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group		2.01103-hydroxy fatty acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
long-chain fatty acid		bacterial metabolite;
human metabolite
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		7.0952benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		3.5920aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		4.7630benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
7-hydroxychlorpromazine
7-hydroxychlorpromazine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0810phenothiazines
phenethyl isothiocyanate
phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.		3.5520isothiocyanateantineoplastic agent;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
dexbrompheniramine
dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.2310brompheniramineanti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
sulfadoxine
Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimalarial
acadesine
[no description available]		2.05101-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		16.4210451dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.0510organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
dicloxacillin
Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.		3.8730dichlorobenzene;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
iproclozide
iproclozide: structure		2.0510aromatic ether
megestrol
Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.		3.231017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
streptomycin
[no description available]		3.8830antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
nitroxoline
nitroxoline: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6475; RN given refers to parent cpd. nitroxoline : A monohydroxyquinoline in which the hydroxy group is positioned at C-8 with a nitro group trans to it at C-5.		8.930C-nitro compound;
monohydroxyquinoline		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
renal agent
dideoxyadenosine
Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.		2.610adenosines;
purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
cladribine
[no description available]		3.8730organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone
[no description available]		2.11011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug
carbenicillin
Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.		3.2310penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
carbenicillin disodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine
dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.		2.0510aromatic ether;
isoquinolines;
pyridoisoquinoline		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug
benorilate
benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin		2.0510carbonyl compound
trimetazidine
Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.		2.0510aromatic amine
metocurine
metocurine: from Chinese herb Cyclea hainanensis Mrr		2.4720isoquinolines
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
clomacran
clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.2310acridines
vidarabine
adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.		2.5420beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
acetylpyruvic acid
acetylpyruvic acid: structure. acetylpyruvic acid : A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.		2.0510beta-diketone;
dioxo monocarboxylic acid		bacterial metabolite
methenamine hippurate
methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action		3.2310N-acylglycine
olsalazine
olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.		3.5920azobenzenes;
dicarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
3-deazaadenosine
3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd.		2.610
tiadenol
tiadenol: structure		2.0510aliphatic sulfide
phenylethylmalonamide
Phenylethylmalonamide: A metabolite of primidone.		2.0510amine
etidronate disodium
etidronate disodium : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of two protons from etidronic acid (one from from each of the phosphonic acid groups) by sodium ions.		2.0810organic sodium saltantineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		6.72101pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		4.3941delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
bromine
Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.		2.1710diatomic bromine
sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.		3.2310inorganic sodium saltantidote to cyanide poisoning;
antifungal drug;
nephroprotective agent
poloxalene
Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide).		2.0310epoxide
ancitabine
Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.		2.610diol;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
stanozolol
Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anabolic agent;
androgen
chloropyramine
chloropyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610aminopyridine
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		2.05101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
mafenide acetate
[no description available]		2.0810carboxylic acid
diacerein
diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;		2.0810anthraquinone
xipamide
Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.		2.0510benzamides
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		4.3630selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
selegiline hydrochloride, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4720hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
levamisole
Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.		2.54206-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleantinematodal drug;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
immunomodulator
clemastine
Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.		3.2310monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpyrrolidine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol
[no description available]		2.4720monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfone		antimicrobial agent;
immunosuppressive agent
pancuronium bromide
pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.		2.0810bromide saltcholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
pizotyline
Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.		2.0510benzocycloheptathiophenehistamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin
Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.		3.2310beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
isosorbide-5-mononitrate
isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug		2.0510glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
n'-nitrosonornicotine
N'-nitrosonornicotine: structure; a potent carcinogen in laboratory animals		2.610pyridines;
pyrrolidines
tocopheryl nicotinate
alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate: RN given refers to (2R-(2R*(2R*(4R*,8R*))-isomer		2.0510tocol
ornidazole
Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.		2.0810C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
organochlorine compound;
secondary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antitrichomonal drug;
epitope
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		4.14017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
metergoline
Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.		2.0510carbamate ester;
ergoline alkaloid		dopamine agonist;
geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist
fenclozic acid
fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd		3.2310
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane
[no description available]		3.2310
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		4.460aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
fludarabine phosphate
fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.		3.6120nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
alclofenac
alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.		3.2310aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
carbimazole
Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.05101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones;
carbamate ester		antithyroid drug;
prodrug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		4.4130indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin
[no description available]		3.5920indoles
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.		2.0510chlorocarbon;
chloroethenes		nephrotoxic agent
dimethylacetamide
hallucinogen : Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations and other alterations of mood and thinking.. N,N-dimethylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which the hydrogens attached to the N atom have been replaced by two methyl groups respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.		210acetamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		human metabolite
fludrocortisone
Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
mineralocorticoid		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		3.5920bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
benzonidazole
benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.		2.0810C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antiprotozoal drug
butachlor
butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.		2.0510aromatic amide;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
rose bengal b disodium salt
[no description available]		2.0510
clobetasol propionate
Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.482011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid		anti-inflammatory drug
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine
dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer		3.2310chlorphenamine
clometacin
clometacin: structure		3.2310N-acylindole
cefazolin
Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		3.5920beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
tetrazoles;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		3.8730penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		4.0940timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin
Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.4720tryptamines
nicergoline
Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.		2.0510organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		3.8730cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
carbidopa
carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.		3.6120catechols;
hydrazines;
monocarboxylic acid		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
4-ethynylbiphenyl
4-ethynylbiphenyl: structure given in first source		3.1210
moricizine
Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.		3.2310carbamate ester;
morpholines;
phenothiazines		anti-arrhythmia drug
amineptin
amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.		3.5920amino acid;
carbocyclic fatty acid;
carbotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		16.8713429azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
feprazone
Feprazone: A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)		2.0810organic molecular entity
pirprofen
pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure		3.5920pyrroline
4-ipomeanol
4-ipomeanol: lung-toxic furanoterpenoid produced in moldy sweet potatoes in response to fungus infection; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.1210aromatic ketone
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		2.4720amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		4.94110taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
amitraz
amitraz: ixodicide (tick control); structure. amitraz : A tertiary amino compound that is 1,3,5-triazapenta-1,4-diene substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and 2,4-dimethylphenyl groups at positions 1 and 5.		2.0510formamidines;
tertiary amino compound		acaricide;
environmental contaminant;
insecticide;
xenobiotic
etoposide
[no description available]		5.77100beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		3.8830catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
n,n'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-n,n'-diacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0610
penbutolol
Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.		3.2310ethanolamines
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		5.08701-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		4.0940alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
5,6-dihydroxy-2-methylaminotetralin
5,6-dihydroxy-2-methylaminotetralin: beta2 adrenergic agonist; coronary vasodilator in vivo; cyclic dopamine analog; synonym M-8 refers to HBr; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0310
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		3.2310beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		4.3630aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		3.5920L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
pyridoxal phosphate
[no description available]		2.610pyridinecarbaldehyde
bezafibrate
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		2.7530
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		5.711005-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.4720pyridinium ionapoptosis inducer;
herbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
neurotoxin
vecuronium bromide
Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		2.0810organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium
vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		3.2310acetate ester;
androstane;
quaternary ammonium ion		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		3.59201,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
permethrin
hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141		2.0510cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
cyclopropanes		agrochemical;
ectoparasiticide;
pyrethroid ester acaricide;
pyrethroid ester insecticide;
scabicide
exifone
[no description available]		3.2310benzophenones
pirfenidone
pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.		2.0510pyridoneantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefloquine
(-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.		5.0240[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanolantimalarial
desogestrel
Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).		2.472017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
muzolimine
Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.		2.0510dichlorobenzene
nitazoxanide
nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug		4.740benzamides;
carboxylic ester
sufentanil
Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		3.2310anilide;
ether;
piperidines;
thiophenes		anaesthesia adjuvant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
acarbose
[no description available]		3.6120tetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
torsemide
Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.		3.2310aminopyridine;
N-sulfonylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
loop diuretic
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		3.5920aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
desflurane
Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.		2.0510organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
lorcainide
[no description available]		2.4720acetamides
idarubicin
Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.		3.6820anthracycline antibiotic;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		3.5920penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		5.0770aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		10.8890alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
bopindolol
bopindolol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. bopindolol : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bopindolol and (S)-bopindolol. It is a non-selective antagonist of beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptors and a prodrug in which the ester group is hydrolysed to form the corresponding hydroxy derivative.. 1-(tert-butylamino)-3-[(2-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)oxy]propan-2-yl benzoate : A methylindole that is 2-methyl-1H-indol-4-ol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(benzoyloxy)-3-(tert-butylamino)propyl group.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzoate ester;
methylindole;
secondary amino compound
cefoperazone
Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.		3.5920cephalosporinantibacterial drug
staurosporine
[no description available]		2.4720indolocarbazole alkaloid;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
geroprotector
foscarnet sodium
trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		2.4720one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antiviral drug
oltipraz
oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.		3.6201,2-dithiole;
pyrazines		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimutagen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin;
protective agent;
schistosomicide drug
atracurium
Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.		3.2310diester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
atracurium besylate
atracurium besylate : The bisbenzenesulfonate salt of atracurium.		2.0810organosulfonate salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
moxalactam
Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.		2.7530cephalosporin;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
nicorandil
Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.		2.4720nitrate ester;
pyridinecarboxamide		potassium channel opener;
vasodilator agent
pergolide
Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		3.2310diamine;
methyl sulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
pergolide mesylate
pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
geroprotector
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		4.140cephalosporinantibacterial drug
encainide
Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.		2.4720benzamides;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
talniflumate
talniflumate: an anti-inflammatory molecule for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma		2.0810benzofurans
fenoldopam mesylate
[no description available]		2.0810benzazepine
triclabendazole
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether
fiacitabine
fiacitabine: anti-herpes virus agent which also inhibits growth of certain human tumor cell lines in vitro.		2.610
fialuridine
[no description available]		3.5820
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		3.8730cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
pefloxacin
Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		2.4720fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
alfentanil
Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.		3.5920monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		central nervous system depressant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
miglustat
miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.		3.5920piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
haloperidol decanoate
[no description available]		3.2310organic molecular entity
cefotetan
Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.		4.0940
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		4.5570delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
flupirtine
flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.4720aminopyridine
tolrestat
tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source		3.2310naphthalenesEC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
rimcazole
rimcazole: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.1510carbazoles
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		2.4720aromatic ketone
stepronin
[no description available]		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
piritrexim
piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		6.24101delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
idazoxan
Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.		2.4720benzodioxine;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist
remoxipride
Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.		2.4720dimethoxybenzene
balsalazide
balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.		3.2310
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		11.54513-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
cabergoline
Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.		3.9330N-acylureaantineoplastic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
atomoxetine hydrochloride
Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.		2.4720hydrochlorideadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
atomoxetine
atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.		3.8830aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound;
toluenes		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
quinapril
Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.5840dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
alpidem
[no description available]		3.6120imidazoles
raloxifene hydrochloride
Raloxifene Hydrochloride: A second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It has estrogen agonist effects on bone and cholesterol metabolism but behaves as a complete estrogen antagonist on mammary gland and uterine tissue.. raloxifene hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of raloxifene and hydrogen chloride.		2.3110hydrochloridebone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
gepirone
gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		4.77503-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
itraconazole
Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.		4.1320aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
cyclic ketal;
dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dione
salmeterol xinafoate
Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.		2.0810naphthoic acid
ranolazine
Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.		4.1440aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol
brequinar
brequinar : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline substituted by 2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl, methyl, carboxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. It is an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme that is required for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The compound exhibits antineoplastic and antiviral properties.		2.610biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
EC 1.3.5.2 [dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
finasteride
Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.		4.1403-oxo steroid;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		androgen antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
imiquimod
Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.		2.8230imidazoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
interferon inducer
esmolol
methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.		3.2310aromatic ether;
ethanolamines;
methyl ester;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
sertindole
sertindole : A phenylindole that is 1H-indole which is substituted on the nitrogen by a p-chlorophenyl group, at position 5 by chlorine, and at position 3 by a piperidin-4-yl group, which is itself substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl group.		2.0810heteroarylpiperidine;
imidazolidinone;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
phenylindole		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
adapalene
Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.		2.0810adamantanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
naphthoic acid		dermatologic drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		9.22956-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
aromasil
[no description available]		3.612017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		2.7730fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		4.59401-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		4.9240methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		6.0880phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
tiagabine
Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.		3.2310beta-amino acid;
piperidinemonocarboxylic acid;
tertiary amino compound;
thiophenes		anticonvulsant;
GABA reuptake inhibitor
mibefradil
Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.		5.4840tetralinsT-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan
Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.		3.8730pyranoindolizinoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
bromfenac
bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.		3.8730aromatic amino acid;
benzophenones;
organobromine compound;
substituted aniline		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celgosivir
celgosivir: inhibits glycoprotein processing & the growth of HIVs		2.610
gemcitabine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride;
organofluorine compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		7.0142organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
ibutilide
ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt		3.2310benzenes;
organic amino compound
aripiprazole
Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.		4.3930aromatic ether;
delta-lactam;
dichlorobenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone		drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic agonist
remifentanil
Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.		3.2310alpha-amino acid ester;
anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidinecarboxylate ester		intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
sedative
atorvastatin calcium anhydrous
[no description available]		2.0810organic calcium salt
atorvastatin
[no description available]		11.4471aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		17.9315649monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride
Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.		2.0810duloxetine hydrochlorideantidepressant
duloxetine
[no description available]		3.8730duloxetine
irinotecan
[no description available]		4.7750carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		4.4560biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ibandronic acid
Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.2310
ziprasidone
ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.		3.23101,2-benzisothiazole;
indolones;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.5320guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
zolmitriptan
zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.		3.9330oxazolidinone;
tryptamines		anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
adefovir dipivoxil
bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		11.64626-aminopurines;
carbonate ester;
ether;
organic phosphonate		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent;
prodrug
emtricitabine
Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		4.1440monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidone		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan
tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source		3.2310biphenyls
kynostatin 272
kynostatin 272: structure given in first source; contains allophenylnorstatine as a transition-state mimic		2.7230peptide
saquinavir monomethanesulfonate
[no description available]		2.0210organic molecular entity
tiludronic acid
tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source		3.2310organochlorine compound
tirofiban
Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.		3.2310L-tyrosine derivative;
piperidines;
sulfonamide		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		11.5951carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		4.0540adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
octyl gallate
[no description available]		2.610gallate esterfood antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
paroxetine hydrochloride
paroxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of paroxetine. It is an antidepressant drug.		2.0810hydrochlorideantidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
bupropion hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ketone
halofuginone
[no description available]		2.0510quinazolines
trazodone hydrochloride
Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.		2.0810hydrochlorideadrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
ortho-cept
ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne		2.0510
trovafloxacin
trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.		3.2310
cefprozil
[no description available]		3.5920cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
doxazosin mesylate
Cardura: Trade name in United States.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltgeroprotector
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		16.939833acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir mesylate
nelfinavir mesylate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt prepared from equimolar amounts of nelfinavir and methanesulfonic acid. It is used for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		6.9910methanesulfonate saltantineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
doxapram hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510hydrochloridecentral nervous system stimulant
mevastatin
mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.		2.08102-pyranones;
carboxylic ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
bupivacaine hydrochloride
bupivacaine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine hydrochloride and levobupivacaine hydrochloride. The monohydrate form is commonly used as a local anaesthetic.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.0810hydrochloride;
racemate		adrenergic antagonist;
amphiphile;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
local anaesthetic
fenofibric acid
fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
chlorobenzophenone;
monocarboxylic acid		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.05102-benzofuransfluorochrome
ursolic acid
[no description available]		2.0210hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
n-methylnicotinamide
N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.		2.0710pyridinecarboxamidemetabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol
1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.		2.0510anhydro sugarhuman metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.0810organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
betulinic acid
[no description available]		4.1140hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
calanolide a
calanolide A: NSC 661122 and costatolide are isomers; a novel HIV-inhibitory class of coumarin derivatives from the tropical rainforest tree, Calophyllum lanigerum (Clusiaceae); structure in first source. (+)-calanolide A : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 11,12-dihydro-2H,6H,10H-dipyrano[2,3-f:2',3'-h]chromen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12, methyl groups at positions 6, 6, 10 and 11 and a propyl group at position 4 (the 10R,11S,12S stereoisomer). Isolated from Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum and Calophyllum brasiliense, it exhibits potent activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.		2.0210cyclic ether;
delta-lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
arctigenin
arctigenin: precursor to catechols; in many plants		2.610lignan
baicalin
[no description available]		3.9730dihydroxyflavone;
glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antiatherosclerotic agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
plerixafor
plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.		3.9530azacycloalkane;
azamacrocycle;
benzenes;
crown amine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist;
immunological adjuvant
amprenavir
[no description available]		14.431186carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir
Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.		4.6240acetamides;
amino acid ester;
cyclohexenecarboxylate ester;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
isocytidine
[no description available]		1.9910
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		2.610flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
fluorexon
fluorexon: structure		2.0310xanthene dyefluorochrome
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose
pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.		2.610gallate ester;
galloyl beta-D-glucose		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent;
radical scavenger
cephalotaxine
[no description available]		2.610benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
desipramine hydrochloride
desipramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of desipramine.		2.610hydrochloridedrug allergen
mefloquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610hydrochloride
ticlopidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride
epirubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.0510glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
histamine phosphate
histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.		3.2310phosphate salthistamine agonist
tilbroquinol
[no description available]		3.2310organohalogen compound;
quinolines
bendamustine
[no description available]		3.5920benzimidazoles
erdosteine
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.		2.610epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor
droxicam
droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.		3.2310organic heterotricyclic compound;
pyridines		cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prodrug
propazole
propazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.610benzimidazoles
rutecarpine
rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules		3.1210beta-carbolines
dexverapamil
dexverapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has R configuration. It competitively inhibits the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (MDR-1, EC 3.6.3.44), thereby potentially increasing the effectiveness of a wide range of antineoplastic drugs which are inactivated by MDR-1 mechanisms. Dexverapamil exhibits lower calcium antagonistic activity and toxicity than racemic verapamil.		3.12102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrileEC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
lercanidipine
[no description available]		2.2510diarylmethane
ebrotidine
ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector		3.2310sulfonamide
mizolastine
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
prulifloxacin
prulifloxacin: structure given in first source		2.7620fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic
intoplicine
intoplicine: structure in first source		2.0510pyridoindole
pazufloxacin
[no description available]		2.0810quinolines
repaglinide
[no description available]		4.140piperidines
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		5.42100benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
inogatran
inogatran: a direct low molecular weight thrombin inhibitor		3.110
bergenin
bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure		2.610trihydroxybenzoic acidmetabolite
dexfenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.		2.0510fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
1,7-phenanthroline
[no description available]		2.0610phenanthroline
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		3.41111,2,3-triazole
isocoumarins
Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1.		2.0610isocoumarins
dyclonine hydrochloride
dyclonine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dyclonine.		2.0510hydrochloridetopical anaesthetic
miconazole nitrate
miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.0810
medetomidine
Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.		2.0510imidazoles
sertraline
Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		4.3930dichlorobenzene;
secondary amino compound;
tetralins		antidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
picosulfate sodium
picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure		2.0510aryl sulfate;
pyridines
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		4.13401,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
talinolol
[no description available]		2.110ureas
artemisinin
(+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		7.8130organic peroxide;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimalarial;
plant metabolite
brinzolamide
brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent		2.5820sulfonamide;
thienothiazine		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dienogest
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
aliphatic nitrile;
steroid hormone		progesterone receptor agonist;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
drospirenone
drospirenone: a progestational compound with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity; structure given in first source		2.08103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
steroid lactone		aldosterone antagonist;
contraceptive drug;
progestin
artemether
Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		2.0810artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
organic peroxide;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial
2-Oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid
[no description available]		2.0510benzenes
morphazinamide
morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index		2.0510morpholines;
pyrazines;
secondary carboxamide
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine: causes NADPH-& time-dependent in vitro loss of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450; do not confuse with etoprine, also called DDEP		3.1210
dipropylacetamide
dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.		2.610fatty amidegeroprotector;
metabolite;
teratogenic agent
acamprosate
Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.		3.2310acetamides;
organosulfonic acid		environmental contaminant;
neurotransmitter agent;
xenobiotic
isaxonine
isaxonine: promotes nerve growth		3.2310aminopyrimidine
oxprenolol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610
nebivolol
2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.		3.2310chromanes;
diol;
organofluorine compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
uk 68798
[no description available]		3.8830aromatic ether;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
potassium channel blocker
hp 873
iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.		3.61201,2-benzoxazoles;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone;
monoamine;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		3.5920razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
loxapine succinate
[no description available]		2.0810succinate saltgeroprotector
tocophersolan
tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110tocol
talampicillin
Talampicillin: An ester of AMPICILLIN which is readily hydrolyzed on absorption to release ampicillin. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract resulting in a greater bioavailability of ampicillin than can be achieved with equivalent doses of ampicillin.. talampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-phthalidyl ester of ampicillin. It is a prodrug of ampicillin.		2.2510penicillanic acid esterprodrug
fenoxypropazine
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic ether
opipramol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		3.8730conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
betamipron
[no description available]		2.4720organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
moroxydine
[no description available]		2.610biguanides
bufuralol
bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.4820benzofurans
uroxatral
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride
aceclofenac
[no description available]		3.6120amino acid;
carboxylic ester;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nitrefazole
[no description available]		3.2310imidazoles
cyclobutyrol
cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acidbile therapy drug
thiocolchicoside
[no description available]		2.0810glycoside
terlipressin
terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.		2.0510polypeptide
thioxolone
tioxolone : A 1,3-benzoxathiole having a hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.		2.610benzoxathioleantiseborrheic
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor		2.0710
9-(s)-(3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl)adenine
[no description available]		2.0510
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.4110catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
honokiol
[no description available]		3.8220biphenyls
isoflavone
[no description available]		2.0510isoflavones
clevudine
[no description available]		2.4620
nobiletin
nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.610methoxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lycorine
lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.		3.8220indolizidine alkaloidanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
dmp 323
(4R,5S,6S,7R)-4,7-dibenzyl-5,6-dihydroxy-1,3-bis[4-(hydroxymethyl)benzyl]-1,3-diazepan-2-one : A 1,3-diazepanone ring with two 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzyl groups as substituents at positions N-1 and N-4, two benzyl groups at C-4 and C-7, and two hydroxy groups at C-5 and C-6 respectively.		2.4120diazepanone;
ureas		anti-HIV agent;
metabolite
leupeptin
[no description available]		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		bacterial metabolite;
calpain inhibitor;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
pacein
PAcein: structure. pacein : A member of the class of benzofurans that is dibenzo[b,d]furan-3,7-dione bearing two methyl substituents at positions 1 and 9 as well as two 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylanilino substituents at positions 2 and 8.. orcein : A variable mixture of several compounds isolated from lichens, the eight most abundant being alpha-aminoorcein, alpha-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorcein, gamma-aminoorcein, beta-hydroxyorcein, gamma-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorceimine and beta-aminoorceimine (all are phenoxazine-based). It is used for the demonstration of elastic fibres as well as to stain the rough endoplasmic reticulum of hepatitis B infected liver cells.		3.3110
palinavir
[no description available]		3.110N-acyl-amino acid
tetrandrine
tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity		2.5420bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
doripenem
Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.		3.6120carbapenems
calpeptin
[no description available]		3.5720amino acid amide
ergocornine
ergocornine: a component of ergotoxine; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ERGOLINES (75-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocornine : Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12' position, isopropyl groups at the 2' and 5'alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.		2.0510ergot alkaloid
fangchinoline
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
macrocycle		anti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
maslinic acid
(2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria		2.610dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
5-phenyl-1-pentyne
[no description available]		3.1210
atovaquone
Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.		4.5730hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
1-benzylimidazole
1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase		2.0510
rivastigmine
[no description available]		3.5520carbamate ester;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan
[no description available]		3.2310carbazoles
eletriptan
eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.		3.8430indoles;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfone		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		4.7690aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
tamiflu
[no description available]		2.0810phosphate salt
bexarotene
[no description available]		3.8430benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent
s20098
[no description available]		2.0810acetamides
flunisolide
flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones		2.081011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
ketorolac tromethamine
Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.		2.0810organoammonium saltanalgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		5.38100macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
loganin
[no description available]		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
cyclopentapyran;
enoate ester;
iridoid monoterpenoid;
methyl ester;
monosaccharide derivative;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
gemfibrozil 1-o-acylglucuronide
gemfibrozil 1-O-acylglucuronide: urinary metabolite of gemfibrozil; structure in first source		3.1710
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		4.25503-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
moexipril
[no description available]		4.3930peptide
aucubin
[no description available]		2.610organic molecular entitymetabolite
catalpol
[no description available]		2.610organic molecular entitymetabolite
4-hydroxypropranolol
4-hydroxypropranolol: metabolite of propanolol; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.0810naphthols
gliquidone
gliquidone: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0810isoquinolines
meclizine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
lekoptin
(S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.		3.6202-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
zofenopril
zofenopril: structure given in first source; SQ 26900 refers to K salt & SQ 26991 to Ca salt. zofenopril : A proline derivative that is 4-(phenylsulfanyl)-L-proline in which the amine proton is replaced by a (2S)-3-(benzoylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropanoyl group. A prodrug for zofenoprilat.		3.110aryl sulfide;
L-proline derivative;
N-acyl-L-amino acid;
thioester		anticonvulsant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug;
vasodilator agent
mci 9038
[no description available]		4.0520peptide
lopinavir
[no description available]		14.241188amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile: structure in first source. D617 : A nitrile that is pentanenitrile substituted by a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 2, a methylamino group at position 4 and an isopropyl group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug verapamil.		3.1210dimethoxybenzene;
nitrile;
secondary amino compound		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
moxifloxacin hydrochloride
moxifloxacin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of moxifloxacin and hydrogen chloride.		2.0810hydrochlorideantibacterial drug
n-methyladenosine
N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.		2.610methyladenosine
fulvestrant
Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.		3.612017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist
mizoribine
[no description available]		2.0810imidazolesanticoronaviral agent
sn 38
SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.		3.1210delta-lactone;
phenols;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
sr141716
[no description available]		2.4720amidopiperidine;
carbohydrazide;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		anti-obesity agent;
appetite depressant;
CB1 receptor antagonist
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		4.4360primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
u 74006f
tirilazad: a lazaroid; potent inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; has shown excellent activity in in vivo models of experimental central nervous system trauma & ischemia; structure given in first source; tradename Freedox		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
norverapamil
norverapamil: N-demethylated active metabolite of verapamil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in second source. norverapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-norverapamil. The major active metabolite of verapamil.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A secondary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		3.1210aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
fluo-3
Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds		2.0710xanthene dyefluorochrome
selenomethionine
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
selenomethionine		plant metabolite
sivelestat
sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source		3.5720N-acylglycine;
pivalate ester
racecadotril
racecadotril: parenterally active enkephalinase inhibitor		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
pyronaridine
[no description available]		2.610aminoquinoline
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		3.5920alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
geniposide
[no description available]		2.610terpene glycoside
n-monodemethyldiltiazem
N-monodemethyldiltiazem: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source		3.5520benzothiazepine
fingolimod
fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.		2.0510aminodiol;
primary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
CB1 receptor antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin
daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).		2.6107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
sepimostate mesilate
sepimostate mesilate: used in therapy of pancreatitis; structure given in first source		3.110
parthenolide
[no description available]		2.0610germacranolide
ecteinascidin 743
[no description available]		2.0510acetate ester;
azaspiro compound;
bridged compound;
hemiaminal;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
lactone;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
organic sulfide;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
deoxyglucose
Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.		2.4220
tadalafil
[no description available]		3.8930benzodioxoles;
pyrazinopyridoindole		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
norbuprenorphine
norbuprenorphine: metabolite of buprenorphine found in urine & feces; RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0510phenanthrenes
2-ethynylnaphthalene
2-ethynylnaphthalene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		3.1210
2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine
2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine: cyclic methadone metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0510
paliperidone
3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.		3.69201,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary alcohol
sophocarpine
[no description available]		2.610
nitisinone
[no description available]		3.5920(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
cyclohexanones;
mesotrione		EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
plavix
[no description available]		2.4720azaheterocycle sulfate salt;
organoammonium sulfate salt		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
marimastat
marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.		2.5420hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
efonidipine
efonidipine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-efonidipine. It is a antihypertensive drug and a dual T-type and L-type calcium channel blocker.. 2-[benzyl(phenyl)amino]ethyl 5-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-[benzyl(phenyl)amino]ethanol.		2.2510C-nitro compound;
carboxylic ester;
dihydropyridine;
tertiary amino compound
clofarabine
[no description available]		3.8730adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
elacridar
Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source		3.5480
pramipexole
Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.		3.6120benzothiazoles;
diamine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
radical scavenger
valdecoxib
[no description available]		3.8930isoxazoles;
sulfonamide		antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mitiglinide
mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
l 658758
L 658758: structure & chemical name given in UD		3.110
dx 9065
[no description available]		3.110
acetylphenylalanyl-prolyl-boroarginine
Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH : A C-terminal boronic acid petide that is N-acetyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine in which the C-termnal carboxy group has been replaced by a borono (-B(OH)2) group. A thrombin (Factor IIa) inhibitor, thereby acting as an anticoagulant.. DuP-714 : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH and hydrogen chloride. A thrombin (Factor IIa) inhibitor, thereby acting as an anticoagulant.		3.110acetamides;
C-terminal boronic acid peptide;
guanidines		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
4-amino-5-bromo-7-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine
4-amino-5-bromo-7-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine: structure given in first source; 5-bromotubercidin in which the ribose is replaced by 2-hydroxyethoxymethyl		2.0510
celastrol
[no description available]		2.610monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
cyclic-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine
cyclic-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine: prodrug for HPMPC; specific name and structure not given in first source		2.0510
peroxynitrous acid
Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).		3.1210nitrogen oxoacid
imatinib mesylate
imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.		2.4520methanesulfonate saltanticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
almotriptan
almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.		3.2310indoles;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amine		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
mk 0663
[no description available]		2.4720bipyridines;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gefitinib
[no description available]		5.280aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine
N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)		2.610leucine derivative
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine
N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.		2.0510adenosines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organoiodine compound		adenosine A3 receptor agonist
alanylglutamine
alanylglutamine: RN refers to (L-Glu)-isomer; dipeptiven is for parenteral use. Ala-Gln : A dipeptide formed from L-alanyl and L-glutamine residues.		7.0710dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide		metabolite
vadimezan
vadimezan : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.		2.610monocarboxylic acid;
xanthones		antineoplastic agent
e 64
E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)		3.5720dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
epoxy monocarboxylic acid;
guanidines;
L-leucine derivative;
zwitterion		antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
protease inhibitor
glabridin
[no description available]		3.1210hydroxyisoflavansantiplasmodial drug
desloratadine
desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.		4.350benzocycloheptapyridineanti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone: porphyrinogenic agent; structure given in first source		3.1210
desvenlafaxine
O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.		3.2310cyclohexanols;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylphenylalanylphenylalanine diazomethyl ketone
benzyloxycarbonylphenylalanylphenylalanine diazomethyl ketone: inhibits cathepsins B and L		3.110carboxylic ester;
diazo compound;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
secondary carboxamide		cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.15) inhibitor
methotrexate
[no description available]		4.86100dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
tamsulosin
[no description available]		3.23105-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamidealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
rufinamide
rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source		3.2310aromatic amide;
heteroarene
antiprimod
azaspirane: structure given in first source		2.0510
sulbactam
[no description available]		2.4720penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil
Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.		4.140biphenyls
dexpanthenol
dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid		3.2310amino alcohol;
monocarboxylic acid amide		cholinergic drug;
provitamin
umifenovir
umifenovir: an antiviral agent		2.610indolyl carboxylic acid
fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.		9.92133sulfonamideprodrug
pagoclone
RP 59037: a partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist; a cyclopyrrolone that induces hypothermia		2.0810
safinamide
safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source		2.610amino acid amide
ilomastat
CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor		2.5420hydroxamic acid;
L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acyl-amino acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
abiraterone
[no description available]		2.08103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate
[no description available]		2.0710
febuxostat
Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.		4.45301,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid;
aromatic ether;
nitrile		EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
proline
Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.		2.5320amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
escitalopram
Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.		3.23101-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrileantidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
lexapro
Lexapro: Trade name of escitalopram, the active S-enantiomer of the racemic citalopram.		2.0810
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.		3.2310N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pteridines;
terminal acetylenic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel
[no description available]		2.7330hydrate;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		4.9560secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		11.66280carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
peptide elongation factor 2
Peptide Elongation Factor 2: Peptide Elongation Factor 2 catalyzes the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site of eukaryotic ribosomes by a process linked to the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.		2.5920
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		5.79619-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).		4.850azetidines;
beta-lactam;
organofluorine compound		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite
ertapenem
Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.		3.2310carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial drug
cox 189
lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.		3.6120amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
conivaptan
conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).		3.2310benzazepineaquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
cariporide
cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
tezosentan
tezosentan: structure in first source		2.0510
schisantherin a
[no description available]		3.1210tannin
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		5.4941aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
vx 497
N-3-(3-(3-methoxy-4-oxazol-5-ylphenyl)ureido)benzylcarbamic acid tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester: structure in first source		2.610
pralnacasan
pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source		3.2310
clevidipine
clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source		3.2310dihydropyridine
zosuquidar trihydrochloride
[no description available]		210
jtt 501
JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source		2.0510
dmp 450
DMP 450: structure in first source		2.730
gw420867x
GW420867X: structure in first source		210
solifenacin
[no description available]		3.2310isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate
dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.		3.2310methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetateadrenergic agent
bcx 1812
[no description available]		2.53203-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
acetamides;
cyclopentanols;
guanidines		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
1-ethynylpyrene
1-ethynylpyrene: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/84		3.1210
schizandrin a
schizandrin A: the major lignan, 2-9%, of Schisandra plant; has hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities		3.3110
xamoterol
Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.		2.0810morpholines
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		4.350methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
cinacalcet
cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
naphthalenes;
secondary amino compound		calcimimetic;
P450 inhibitor
bila 2157 bs
BILA 2157 BS: renin inhibitor; RN given for (1S-(1R*(S*),2S*,3R*))-isomer; structure in first source		3.110
lubiprostone
[no description available]		3.2310
atazanavir sulfate
Atazanavir Sulfate: An azapeptide and HIV-PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.		11.38385organic sulfate salt
olmesartan
olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866		2.610biphenylyltetrazoleangiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
telbivudine
[no description available]		3.9530pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
celastrol methyl ester
celastrol methyl ester: isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii; potent inhibitory activity on both Kir2.1 and ERG1 potassium channels, leading to LONG QT SYNDROME		2.610carboxylic ester
resiquimod
S 28463: structure given in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
diallyl sulfone
diallyl sulfone: metabolite of diallyl sulfide		3.1210
combivir
lamivudine, zidovudine drug combination: contains half the typical daily doses of both drugs in one tablet		10.651
cyc 202
seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.		2.52202,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
tanshinone ii a
tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source		2.610abietane diterpenoid
paromomycin
Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		3.5920amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
anidulafungin
Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.		3.2310antibiotic antifungal drug;
azamacrocycle;
echinocandin;
heterodetic cyclic peptide;
semisynthetic derivative
avasimibe
[no description available]		2.0510monoterpenoid
anacardic acid
anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybenzoic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate
17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.		3.2310corticosteroid hormone
varenicline
Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.		3.620
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		2.0510biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
fiduxosin
fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source		3.2310
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		4.0940
migalastat
migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis		2.610piperidines
erlotinib
[no description available]		5.7370aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
erlotinib hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1710hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
protein kinase inhibitor
organophosphonates
hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.		10.94198divalent inorganic anion;
phosphite ion
l 694,458
DMP 777: structure given in first source		3.1210
limonin
[no description available]		3.620epoxide;
furans;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		inhibitor;
metabolite;
volatile oil component
9-ethynylphenanthrene
9-ethynylphenanthrene: structure given in first source		3.1210
tak 779
[no description available]		2.4720
melagatran
[no description available]		3.110azetidines;
carboxamidine;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
secondary amino compound		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
scutellarin
scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone. scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein.		2.610glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
dihydrocubebin
dihydrocubebin: extract of leaves of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn.; structure. dihydrocubebin : A glycol that is butane-1,4-diol substituted at the 2- and 3-positions by (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl groups (the R,R-configuration).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butanediols;
glycol;
lignan
etravirine
[no description available]		4.1540aminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound		antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
chelidonine
chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)		2.610alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid
hydrastine
[no description available]		3.1210isoquinolinesmetabolite
uic-94003
UIC-94003: structure in first source		3.1210
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		3.5420acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
4-n-butylresorcinol
4-n-butylresorcinol: structure in first source		2.610resorcinols
dronedarone
Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		3.23101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ramelteon
ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist		3.6120indanes
lapatinib
[no description available]		5.4470furans;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
atorvastatin calcium
2-phenyl-2-(1-piperidinyl)propane: cytochromes P450 2B1 and P450 2B6 antagonist; structure in first source		3.1210
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		9.12281carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
dapivirine
Dapivirine: effectively prevented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in cocultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, representing primary targets in sexual transmission		2.610
deferasirox
Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.		3.8730benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
triazoles		iron chelator
bms204352
BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source		2.4720
tbc-11251
sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source		3.8730benzodioxoles
tolvaptan
[no description available]		3.6120benzazepine;
benzenedicarboxamide		aquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib
[no description available]		4.9560(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lenalidomide
[no description available]		10.3131aromatic amine;
dicarboximide;
isoindoles;
piperidones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
immunomodulator
regadenoson
[no description available]		3.2310purine nucleoside
lacosamide
Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.		3.6120N-acyl-amino acid
cholic acid
Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.		2.071012alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
7alpha-hydroxy steroid;
bile acid;
C24-steroid;
trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		2.05103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
vincaleukoblastine
[no description available]		3.8730acetate ester;
indole alkaloid fundamental parent;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0810organic sulfate saltantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector
nsc 74859
NSC 74859: inhibits Stat3 binding activity; structure in first source. S3I-201 : An amidobenzoic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of [(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]acetic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.		2.610amidobenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
tosylate ester		STAT3 inhibitor
benzarone
benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure		3.59201-benzofurans
estramustine
Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.		3.592017beta-hydroxy steroid;
carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
radiation protective agent
lupeol
[no description available]		3.3110pentacyclic triterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite
berbamine
[no description available]		2.610bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
noscapine
Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
isobenzofuranone;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antitussive;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.		2.5220alkaloid ester;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
protein synthesis inhibitor
u-104
SLC-0111: a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
wortmannin
[no description available]		2.7930acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
1-(benzenesulfonyl)indole
[no description available]		2.0510sulfonamide
menthofuran
menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.		3.12101-benzofurans;
monoterpenoid		nematicide;
plant metabolite
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.		2.730
7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]-1-benzopyran-4-one
[no description available]		2.610glycoside
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.		2.0510carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor;
retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
taurochenodeoxycholic acid
Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid.		2.0710bile acid taurine conjugatehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
bortezomib
[no description available]		8.56142amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
calcein am
calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases.		2102-benzofurans;
acetate ester;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		20.08319471,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tizoxanide
tizoxanide: major metabolite of nitazoxanide; structure in first source		2.610salicylamides
tryptoquivaline
fumitremorgin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a mycotoxic indole alkaloid produced by several fungi. A potent and specific inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter.		3.5110aromatic ether;
indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor;
mycotoxin
nexavar
[no description available]		2.0510organosulfonate salt
carboplatin
[no description available]		2.4110
glycogen
glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.		2.0110
bradykinin
[no description available]		2.0210oligopeptidehuman blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510D-glucosamineEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite
mevalonic acid
Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.		2.41103,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		3.6220(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
oxytocin
Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		oxytocic;
vasodilator agent
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		2.071011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
puromycin
[no description available]		210puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
pentostatin
Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.		3.6120coformycinsantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
taurolithocholic acid
Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.		2.0710bile acid taurine conjugate;
monocarboxylic acid amide		human metabolite
arbutin
hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		7.53151cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
conessine
conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.		2.610steroid alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
H3-receptor antagonist;
plant metabolite
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		3.8730alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		3.59201-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
monensin
Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.		210cyclic hemiketal;
monocarboxylic acid;
polyether antibiotic;
spiroketal		antifungal agent;
coccidiostat;
ionophore
cefoxitin
Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.		3.2310beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
cephamycin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		2.4720cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		19.2428240L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium
Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.		3.2310acetate ester;
steroid ester		cholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
hyperforin
hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.		2.0110
abacavir
abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.		13.7837132,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
drug allergen;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin
Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.		2.0510
trimethaphan camsylate
trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.		2.0510
perindopril erbumine
[no description available]		2.0810addition compoundantihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
miglitol
[no description available]		3.6120piperidines
amiodarone hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ketone
metyrosine
alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.		3.2310L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rocuronium bromide
rocuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.		2.0810organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
erythromycin estolate
Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.		2.7630aminoglycoside sulfate salt;
erythromycin derivative		enzyme inhibitor
terconazole
terconazole: structure & RN for (cis)-isomer from first source. terconazole : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-terconazole. It has broad-spectrum antifungal activitiy and is used for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections (Candida).. (2R,4S)-terconazole : A 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine in which positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety have R and S configuration, respectively.		2.05101-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine
delavirdine mesylate
delavirdine mesylate : The monomethanesulfonic acid salt of delavirdine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.4420methanesulfonate saltantiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
linezolid
[no description available]		3.9530acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
cephaelin
cephaelin: do not confuse with cephalin of brain; after emetine this is the most important alkaloid of ipecac; protein synthesis inhibitor. cephaeline : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6'-position and methoxy substituents at the 7'-, 10- and 11-positions.		2.610pyridoisoquinoline
naringin
[no description available]		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
(-)-usnic acid
(-)-usnic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of usnic acid.		2.610usnic acidEC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
yatein
yatein: isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris; structure in first source. dihydroanhydropodorhizol : A member of the class of butan-4-olides carrying 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl and (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively.		3.1210benzodioxoles;
butan-4-olide;
lignan;
methoxybenzenes		plant metabolite
hinokinin
hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).		3.1210benzodioxoles;
gamma-lactone;
lignan		trypanocidal drug
cyclopamine
[no description available]		2.0510piperidinesglioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal
acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal: a proteasome inhibitor. acetylleucyl-leucyl-norleucinal : A tripeptide composed of N-acetylleucyl, leucyl and norleucinal residues joined in sequence.		2.610aldehyde;
tripeptide		cysteine protease inhibitor
6-prenylchrysin
6-prenylchrysin: structure in first source. 6-(3,3-dimethylallyl)chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone that is chrysin substituted by a prenyl group at position 6.		3.51107-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone
devazepide
Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
indolecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
gastrointestinal drug
candoxatrilat
candoxatrilat: USAN lists candoxatrilat (UK-73,967) with RN 123122-54-3. candoxatrilat : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation between the amino group of cis-4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid and the cyclopentanecarboxylic acid group of 1-[(2S)-2-carboxy-3-(2-methoxyethoxy)propyl]cyclopentanecarboxylic acid. A potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase (NEP, neprilysin, EC 3.4.24.11), it is used as its 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl ester prodrug in the treatment of chronic heart failure.		3.110
clindamycin phosphate
[no description available]		3.2310
1-O-Acetyllycorine
1-acetyllycorine: has antiviral activity; structure in first source		3.3110alkaloid
pemirolast potassium salt
[no description available]		2.0810
eplerenone
Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		3.61203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
epoxy steroid;
gamma-lactone;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid acid ester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
tolterodine
[no description available]		3.8730tertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
doxorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510anthracycline
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
erythromycin derivative;
ethyl ester;
succinate ester
tibolone
tibolone: used in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. tibolone : Estran-3-one with a double bond between positions 5 and 10, and bearing both an ethynyl group and a hydroxy group at position 17 (R-configuration). A synthetic steroid hormone drug which acts as an agonist at all five type I steroid hormone receptors, it is used in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and for treatment of endometriosis.		2.081017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		bone density conservation agent;
hormone agonist
ao 128
AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source		2.4720organic molecular entity
loteprednol etabonate
Loteprednol Etabonate: An androstadiene derivative corticosteroid that is used as an ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic eye conditions.		2.081011beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
etabonate ester;
organochlorine compound;
steroid acid ester;
steroid ester		anti-inflammatory drug
darifenacin
darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.		3.61201-benzofurans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidines		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
dihydroergocristine monomesylate
dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.		2.0510methanesulfonate saltalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
fluticasone propionate
fluticasone propionate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.		2.081011beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester;
thioester		adrenergic agent;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
dermatologic drug
acarbose
[no description available]		2.4720amino cyclitol;
glycoside
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		3.8730retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		3.620resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
(north)-methanocarbathymidine
(north)-methanocarbathymidine: also called NMCT. 1-[(1S,2S,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-yl]thymine : A carbobicyclic compound that is bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane which is substituted at the 2-pro-S, 4-pro-S and 5-pro-R positions by thymin-1-yl, hydroxy, and hydroxymethyl groups, respectively.		2.0510C-glycosyl pyrimidine;
carbobicyclic compound;
primary alcohol;
pyrimidone;
secondary alcohol
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		3.5920retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.0510D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate
efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.		2.0510docosahexaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		2.0510octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		7.691macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
cerivastatin
cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		3.1750dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pyridines;
statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin
rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		4.0940dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidines;
statin (synthetic);
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		2.4920benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		2.0510icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
thapsigargin
Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.		2.110butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		5.46412-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
mupirocin
Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.		2.0810alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester;
epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid;
oxanes;
secondary alcohol;
triol		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		3.5920
brivudine
brivudine: anti-herpes agent		2.0510
je 2147
[no description available]		2.7130
lycopene
[no description available]		2.610acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
fosfomycin
Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.		3.8730epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		5.8261macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
drf 2725
ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma		2.0510
cgp 38560a
[no description available]		3.110
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		2.4720olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
octreotide
[no description available]		3.2310
eptifibatide
[no description available]		3.2310homodetic cyclic peptide;
macrocycle;
organic disulfide		anticoagulant;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
alitretinoin
Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.		2.0510retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
roflumilast
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
benzamides;
chloropyridine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
L-cycloserine
L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.		2.6104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-oneanti-HIV agent;
anticonvulsant;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
h 89
N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		2.610N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
gs 4071
GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.		3.5520acetate ester;
amino acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
decitabine
[no description available]		3.87302'-deoxyribonucleoside
sm 8668
Sch 39304: Sch 42427 is the active entantiomer of the antifungal agent Sch 39304 which consists of Sch 42426 & Sch 42427; Sch 42426, the (S,S)-isomer, is inactive		2.0510
teniposide
[no description available]		4.0940aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside;
cyclic acetal;
furonaphthodioxole;
gamma-lactone;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
lamivudine triphosphate
[no description available]		2.4720
valrubicin
[no description available]		2.0810anthracycline;
trifluoroacetamide
l 737126
5-chloro-3-(phenylsulfonyl)indole-2-carboxamide: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		2.0510
ketoconazole
(2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.		3.5110cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
cefamandole
Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.		2.0710cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		4.0640actinomycinmutagen
grl 98065
[no description available]		2.0310
bevirimat
bevirimat: an HIV inhibitor; disrupts late step in processing HIV Major Core Protein p24, preventing the capsid precursor p25 from being converted to mature capsid p24. bevirimat : A pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained by the formal condensation of 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of betulinic acid. It is isolated from the Chinese herb Syzygium claviflorum. The first in the class of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors to be studied in humans, bevirimat was identified as a potent HIV drug candidate and several clinical trials were conducted, but development into a new drug was plagued by numerous resistance-related problems.		2.5320dicarboxylic acid monoester;
monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		HIV-1 maturation inhibitor;
metabolite
5-(1,1-dioxido-1,2-thiazinan-2-yl)-n-(4-fluorobenzyl)-8-hydroxy-1,6-naphthyridine-7-carboxamide
5-(1,1-dioxido-1,2-thiazinan-2-yl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-8-hydroxy-1,6-naphthyridine-7-carboxamide: structure in first source		2.0410
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		3.8730L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.		3.5720amino aldehyde;
carbamate ester;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
ic9564
IC9564: betulinic acid derivative; structure in first source		2.0510
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		6.48131nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
2,5,6-trichloro-1-(ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole
[no description available]		2.0510
prinomastat
prinomastat: a diazepine-based hydroxamic acid inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor; angiogenesis inhibitor;. prinomastat : A hydroxamic acid that is (3S)-N-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylthiomorpholine-3-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the thiomorpholine nitrogen has been replaced by a [4-(pyridin-4-yloxy)phenyl]sulfonyl group. It is a selective inhibitor with of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 3, 9, 13, and 14.		3.110aromatic ether;
hydroxamic acid;
pyridines;
sulfonamide;
thiomorpholines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.35 (gelatinase B) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
ravuconazole
ER 30346: structure in first source. ravuconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-butyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the butyl group is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 3 by hydroxy, 2,4-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively (the R,R stereoisomer). It exhibits antifungal activity by inhibition of 14alpha demethylase, an enzyme involved in sterol synthesis, resulting in lysis of the fungal cell wall and fungal cell death. (NCIO4)		8.41111,3-thiazoles;
fluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol;
triazoles		antifungal drug;
antileishmanial agent;
EC 1.14.14.154 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor
posaconazole
[no description available]		5.3560aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxolanes;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		trypanocidal drug
l 743,872
[no description available]		3.411
dmp 850
DMP 850: structure in first source		2.420
gw 257406x
maribavir: has antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus		2.5320
rubitecan
rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.		2.4720C-nitro compound;
delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
l 708906
[no description available]		2.0410
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		4.4330antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
shikonin
shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities		2.610hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[3-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610tropane alkaloid
cmx 001
[no description available]		2.5320
amd 8664
[no description available]		2.610
bay 41-4109
BAY 41-4109: structure in first source		2.610
bay 57-1293
pritelivir: herpes simplex virus 1 helicase-primase inhibitor		2.610
favipiravir
favipiravir : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by aminocarbonyl, hydroxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is an anti-viral agent that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of several RNA viruses and is approved for the treatment of influenza in Japan.		2.0510hydroxypyrazine;
organofluorine compound;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor
6-phosphonylmethoxyethoxy-2,4-diaminopyrimidine
[no description available]		2.0510
4-phenyl-4-oxo-2-hydroxybuten-2-oic acid
2,4-dioxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid: structure in first source		2.0510
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		3.5920flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
2'-c-methylcytidine
2'-C-methylcytidine: structure in first source		2.610
isoxanthohumol
isoxanthohumol: structure in first source		2.610flavanones
pl 100
PL 100: inhibits HIV-1 protease; structure in first source		2.0310
2-hydroxy-4h-isoquinoline-1,3-dione
2-hydroxy-4H-isoquinoline-1,3-dione: structure in first source		2.0510
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		3.5920one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous
Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.		2.0510organic sodium saltNMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate
Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.		2.0510organic sodium saltalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide
Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.		3.2310arsenic oxideantineoplastic agent;
insecticide
dipyrone
Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.		2.0510organic sodium saltanti-inflammatory agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug;
prodrug
ditiocarb sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-n-hydroxybutanamide
4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide: a c-FLIP inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
mecarbinate
[no description available]		2.610
sr 90107
fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.		3.2310
carbenoxolone
[no description available]		3.6120
meglumine iodipamide
[no description available]		3.2310organoammonium saltradioopaque medium
citral
citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.		3.3110enal;
monoterpenoid;
polyprenal		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.		3.2310peptide hormone;
tripeptide		human metabolite
discodermolide
[no description available]		2.0510diterpenoid
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		3.5420olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
buprenorphine
Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.. buprenorphine : A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. It is highly effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and is also increasingly being used in the treatment of chronic pain.		2.4420morphinane alkaloiddelta-opioid receptor antagonist;
kappa-opioid receptor antagonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
arginine vasopressin
Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.		3.6120vasopressincardiovascular drug;
hematologic agent;
mitogen
s 1033
[no description available]		4.2220(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
imidazoles;
pyridines;
pyrimidines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal
acetyl-aspartyl-glutamyl-valyl-aspartal: a capase inhibitor. Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-H : A tetrapeptide consisting of two L-aspartic acid residues, an L-glutamyl residue and an L-valine residue with an acetyl group at the N-terminal and with the C-terminal carboxy group reduced to an aldehyde. It is an inhibitor of caspase-3/7.		2.610tetrapeptideprotease inhibitor
benzoic acid [5-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-3-pyrazolyl] ester
[no description available]		3.4110benzoate ester
trilostane
trilostane: inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone; adrenal blocking agent used in treatment of Cushing's syndrome. trilostane : An epoxy steroid that is 3,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile in which the oxygen of the epoxy group is joined to the 4alpha and 5 alpha positions.		2.081017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid;
epoxy steroid;
nitrile		abortifacient;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.210 [3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase] inhibitor
lanatoside c
lanatoside C: RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,12beta)-isomer		3.3110
leuprolide acetate
leuprolide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining the nonapeptide leuprolide with acetic acid. A long lasting GnRH analog, LH-Rh agonist. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.		2.0810acetate saltantineoplastic agent;
gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide
octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.		2.610
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		3.8730pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
prothionamide
Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.		2.0510pyridines
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		2.0610
chlorprothixene
Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.		3.6520chlorprothixene
etomidate
Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.		3.5920ethyl ester;
imidazoles		intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		4.1340aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
benzoylacrylic acid
benzoylacrylic acid: structure in first source		2.0510
jrf 12
N2,N4-dibenzylquinazoline-2,4-diamine: a selective, potent, reversible, and ATP-competitive p97 inhibitor		2.610
levosulpiride
(S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).		2.0810sulpirideantidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone
3,4'-dihydroxyflavone: an antioxidant; structure in first source		2.610
pyrantel
Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.		3.23101,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines;
carboxamidine;
thiophenes		antinematodal drug
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.		2.610methoxycinnamic acid
isoferulic acid
isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring.		2.610ferulic acidsantioxidant;
biomarker;
metabolite
cyclouridine
cyclouridine: structure given in third source		2.610
thiothixene
[no description available]		3.2310N-methylpiperazineanticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone
Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.		3.6120zopiclonecentral nervous system depressant;
sedative
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		9.7540aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
benztropine
Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.		3.5920diarylmethane
nootkatone
nootkatone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. (+)-nootkatone : A sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer).		2.0710carbobicyclic compound;
enone;
sesquiterpenoid		fragrance;
insect repellent;
plant metabolite
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		4.59401,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
cinnarizine
Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.		2.7630diarylmethane;
N-alkylpiperazine;
olefinic compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		4.2750monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
zucapsaicin
[no description available]		2.610methoxybenzenes;
phenols
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		3.5420capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine
[no description available]		3.5920acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
epalrestat
epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy.		2.0810monocarboxylic acid;
thiazolidines		EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
nbd 556
[no description available]		2.610
drotaverin
drotaverin: Hungarian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.4720isoquinolines
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		4.13402-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
tacrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
thiourea
Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.		2.1310one-carbon compound;
thioureas;
ureas		antioxidant;
chromophore
sodium propionate
sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.		2.0510organic sodium saltantifungal drug;
food preservative
succimer
Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.		3.2310dicarboxylic acid;
dithiol;
sulfur-containing carboxylic acid		chelator
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		11.5590cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione
4,5,6,7-tetrachloroindan-1,3-dione: inhibits ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1		2.610
streptozocin
[no description available]		3.5920
tamoxifen
[no description available]		10.1880stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate
Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.		2.0710bile acid taurine conjugatehuman metabolite
nadp
[no description available]		2.0510
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		3.5920pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
srpin340
SRPIN340: Serine-Arginine-Rich Protein Kinase Inhibitor		2.610
pr-619
[no description available]		2.610
5-(4-Chloro-benzenesulfonyl)-pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
[no description available]		3.5110sulfonic acid derivativeanticoronaviral agent
p5091
P5091: inhibits ubiquitin-specific protease 7; structure in first source		2.610
cancidas
[no description available]		4.2220
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		4.114011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
at 61
AT 61: a phenylpropenamide derivative; structure in first source		2.0510
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		3.2310carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
valinomycin
Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.		2.4720cyclodepsipeptide;
macrocycle		antimicrobial agent;
antiviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
thiopental
Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		2.4620barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative;
xenobiotic
trovirdine
trovirdine: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor		2.610
estrone sulfate
estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.472017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ranitidine
Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.		3.9230C-nitro compound;
furans;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
H2-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
aplaviroc
aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source		3.2310
hmr 3647
[no description available]		4.2850
latoconazole
latoconazole: RN refers to cpd without isomeric designation; latoconazole is (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0810conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug
maraviroc
[no description available]		3.6120tropane alkaloid
fti 277
[no description available]		2.610
toremifene citrate
[no description available]		2.0810stilbenoidanticoronaviral agent
toremifene
Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.		3.5920aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amine		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126
U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aryl sulfide;
dinitrile;
enamine;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
osteogenesis regulator;
vasoconstrictor agent
2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine
2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine: a highly active anti-HIV agent; structure in first source		2.0510
vicriviroc
vicriviroc: structure in first source		3.0140(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
telaprevir
[no description available]		2.8730cyclopentapyrrole;
cyclopropanes;
oligopeptide;
pyrazines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
nelarabine
nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).		3.6120beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
prodrug
hcv 371
[no description available]		2.0510
glycylproline
Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group.		2.0710dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide		metabolite
dermatan sulfate
Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.		3.2310amino disaccharide;
glycosylgalactose derivative;
iduronic acids;
oligosaccharide sulfate
droloxifene
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
dolasetron
[no description available]		3.6120indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259
[no description available]		2.0510hydrazone;
nitrile;
pyridazinone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		3.8430steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		4.1340beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene
idoxifene: structure given in first source		2.0510stilbenoid
quinine
[no description available]		4.9560cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
glycodeoxycholic acid
Glycodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.		2.0710bile acid glycine conjugatehuman metabolite
desdimethyltamoxifen
N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen: structure in first source		3.1210stilbenoid
ly335979
[no description available]		3.3520carbopolycyclic compound
hirsutine
[no description available]		3.3110
fospropofol
[no description available]		3.2310alkylbenzene
azilect
[no description available]		2.0810
rasagiline
[no description available]		3.2310indanes;
secondary amine;
terminal acetylenic compound		EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		5.48701,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		3.6320aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
salinomycin
salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		7.8330polyketide;
spiroketal		animal growth promotant;
potassium ionophore
silybin
[no description available]		3.5420
yya-021
YYA-021: an HIV entry inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
rs-130830
RS-130830: orally-active broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor		3.110
1,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone
1,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure in first source		3.4110
chloramine-t
chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.		2.0510organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
sb 415286
3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610C-nitro compound;
maleimides;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
sitagliptin
sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		4.1340triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
thiorphan
[no description available]		3.110
osteoprotegerin
Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.		2.0110long-chain fatty acid
flosequinan
[no description available]		2.0510quinolines
rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.		2.730organic cation;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
tolcapone
Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.		5.31602-nitrophenols;
benzophenones;
catechols		antiparkinson drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
sq 109
N-geranyl-N'-(2-adamantyl)ethane-1,2-diamine: has antitubercular activity		3.5110
tak-220
TAK-220: structure in first source		2.610
jtk-303
[no description available]		2.5220aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
nbd 557
[no description available]		2.610
quercetin
[no description available]		4.1407-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
bilirubin
[no description available]		2.1510biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		2.0510prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
bergaptol
5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.		3.12105-hydroxyfurocoumarin;
psoralens
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		3.5110trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		4.9940D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
quercitrin
[no description available]		3.3110alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		3.8521carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
5'-o-caffeoylquinic acid
trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid : A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid.		2.610cinnamate ester;
cyclitol carboxylic acid		plant metabolite
luteolin-7-glucoside
luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
alprostadil
[no description available]		2.4720prostaglandins Eanticoagulant;
human metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cyclosporine
[no description available]		2.610
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		3.6120hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		2.0510D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		3.5110disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid
linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.		2.0810linolenic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
harmine
Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.		2.610harmala alkaloidanti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		2.07107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		9.9360antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		2.0510oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		4.14011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
oxymetholone
Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.		3.8730
eprosartan
eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.		4.1340dicarboxylic acid;
imidazoles;
thiophenes		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
montelukast
montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		3.8730aliphatic sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium
Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.		3.2310isoquinolines
brompheniramine maleate
brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		2.0810maleate saltanti-allergic agent
dexchlorpheniramine maleate
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
olopatadine
[no description available]		2.0810
hemabate
carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.		3.2310
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		4.350carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		4.13402-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol
[no description available]		3.2310hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane		antiparathyroid drug
astaxanthine
astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.		2.0510carotenol;
carotenone		animal metabolite;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
food colouring;
plant metabolite
caryophyllene
(-)-beta-caryophyllene : A beta-caryophyllene in which the stereocentre adjacent to the exocyclic double bond has S configuration while the remaining stereocentre has R configuration. It is the most commonly occurring form of beta-caryophyllene, occurring in many essential oils, particularly oil of cloves.. beta-caryophyllene : A sesquiterpene with a [7.2.0]-bicyclic structure comprising fused 9- and 4-membered rings, with a trans-ring junction, a trans-double bond between the 4- and 5-positions of the 9-membered ring, a methylidene group at position 9, and methyl groups at positions 3, 11, and 11. The most commonly occurring form is the (1R,9S)-(-)-enantiomer, which is found in many essential oils, particularly clove oil.. cannabinoid : A diverse group of pharmacologically active secondary metabolite characteristic to Cannabis plant as well as produced naturally in the body by humans and animals. Cannabinoids contain oxygen as a part of the heterocyclic ring or in the form of various functional groups. They are subdivided on the basis of their origin.		3.3110beta-caryophyllenefragrance;
insect attractant;
metabolite;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
humulene
humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.		1.9910alpha-humulene
amentoflavone
[no description available]		2.610biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone;
ring assembly		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		2.610trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
diosmin
[no description available]		3.6320dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant
genkwanin
genkwanin: structure. genkwanin : A monomethoxyflavone that is apigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is methylated.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		metabolite
hyperoside
quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.		420beta-D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
mangostin
mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.		3.8220aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin
isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.6107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
kaempferide
kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol.		2.6107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
orientin
orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.		2.6103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
C-glycosyl compound;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
scutellarein
scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein. scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7.		2.610tetrahydroxyflavonemetabolite
coumestrol
Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.		2.0710coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		2.07107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol		2.610stilbenoid
polydatin
trans-piceid : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyphenol;
stilbenoid		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antioxidant;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
nephroprotective agent;
potassium channel modulator
chicoric acid
chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase		2.610organooxygen compoundgeroprotector;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
cynarine
cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent		2.0510alkyl caffeate ester;
quinic acid		plant metabolite
acteoside
acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.		2.610catechols;
cinnamate ester;
disaccharide derivative;
glycoside;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antileishmanial agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
flupenthixol
cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.		2.0710flupenthixoldopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		3.1150homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide
17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.07103-hydroxy steroid;
steroid glucosiduronic acid
l 660,711
[no description available]		4.1140quinolines
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		2.0510ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
tectochrysin
tectochrysin: structure in first source. tectochrysin : A monohydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively.		3.5110monohydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antidiarrhoeal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
travoprost
Travoprost: A cloprostenol derivative that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.. travoprost : The isopropyl ester of prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of travoprost are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a pro-drug; the isopropyl ester group is hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active free acid, fluprostenol.		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isopropyl ester;
prostaglandins Falpha		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
ophthalmology drug;
prodrug;
prostaglandin receptor agonist
tranilast
tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.		2.4720amidobenzoic acid;
cinnamamides;
dimethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
calcium channel blocker;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent
7432 s
Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.		3.2310cephalosporin;
dicarboxylic acid		antibacterial drug
menatetrenone
menaquinone-4 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.		2.0510menaquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
bone density conservation agent;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
imipenem
[no description available]		2.0810carbapenems
etretinate
retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.		2.4720enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		4.2650retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		2.0510
ketotifen fumarate
ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.		2.0810organoammonium saltanti-asthmatic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
epoprostenol
[no description available]		3.2310prostaglandins Imouse metabolite
indocyanine green
[no description available]		3.23101,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
dinoprost tromethamine
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
ozagrel
ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer		2.0510cinnamic acids
triprolidine
Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.		3.2310N-alkylpyrrolidine;
olefinic compound;
pyridines		H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		3.8730cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
rosuvastatin calcium
S 4522: structure in first source		2.0810N-acyl-15-methylhexadecasphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine;
organic calcium salt		anti-inflammatory agent;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor
terbinafine hydrochloride
terbinafine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of terbinafine with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.		2.0810allylamine antifungal drug;
hydrochloride		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
ethamolin
monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma		3.2310long-chain fatty acid
alatrofloxacin mesylate
[no description available]		3.5920
codeine
[no description available]		4.2750morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		6.52130homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
natamycin
[no description available]		2.4720antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
acitretin
Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.		3.8730acitretin;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
dorzolamide
dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		2.4820sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dothiepin
[no description available]		2.0510dothiepin
estropipate
estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients		3.2310piperazinium salt;
steroid sulfate
hydromorphone
Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.		3.2310morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		3.8730pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ly 163892
loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.		3.2310carbacephem;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
nabilone
nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310
nalmefene
nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer		2.0810morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine
Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		4.2750morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone
Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.		3.8630organic heteropentacyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative		antitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		4.0840morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1
Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.		3.2310phylloquinones;
vitamin K		cofactor;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		9.9660antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		4.4460cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride
trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		3.2310
brefeldin a
[no description available]		3.3110macrolide antibioticPenicillium metabolite
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		2.5220dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol
seocalcitol: structure given in first source		2.0510
fenretinide
Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
topiroxostat
FYX-051: xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor		3.5110
geldanamycin
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
cysteine protease inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		5.3260morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
peridinin
peridinin: structure		4.2720
demycarosylturimycin h
[no description available]		2.4720
acipimox
acipimox: lipolysis inhibitor		2.0810pyrazinecarboxylic acid
atosiban
[no description available]		2.0810oligopeptide
benzphetamine
Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.		3.2310amphetamines;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
appetite depressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
sympathomimetic agent
bimatoprost
Bimatoprost: A cloprostenol-derived amide that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.		2.0810monocarboxylic acid amideantiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent
deamino arginine vasopressin
Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptidediagnostic agent;
renal agent;
vasopressin receptor agonist
dexmedetomidine
[no description available]		3.2310medetomidinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sedative
goserelin
Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.		3.2310organic molecular entity
benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone
cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1).		2.610
iloprost
Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.0510carbobicyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
latanoprost
Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		2.0810isopropyl ester;
prostaglandins Falpha;
triol		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
prodrug
n-(n-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester
DAPT : A dipeptide consisting of alanylphenylglycine derivatised as a 3,5-difluorophenylacetamide at the amino terminal and a tert-butyl ester at the carboxy terminal. A gamma-secretase inhibitor.		2.610carboxylic ester;
difluorobenzene;
dipeptide;
tert-butyl ester		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
nalbuphine
Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.		3.2310organic heteropentacyclic compoundmu-opioid receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
nateglinide
Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		3.6120phenylalanine derivative
alatriopril
alatriopril: shows promise for the treatment of various cardiovascular & salt-retention disorders		3.110
vinorelbine
[no description available]		4.2550acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
onapristone
onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
silodosin
silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source		3.2310indolecarboxamide
casticin
casticin: from fruit of Vitex rotundifolia; structure in second source. casticin : A tetramethoxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6, 7 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
andrographolide
[no description available]		3.3110carbobicyclic compound;
gamma-lactone;
labdane diterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one: isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellariae radix. oroxylin A : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-6.		2.610dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
(E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside
2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: Tyrosinase inhibitor from Polygonum multiflorum; structure in first source. (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside : A stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside.		2.610beta-D-glucoside;
resorcinols;
stilbenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
furazolidone
[no description available]		2.4620
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		4.5940(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
tyrphostin ag 555
[no description available]		2.610
bosutinib
4-((2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propoxy)-3-quinolinecarbonitrile: a Src kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		3.5110aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
N-methylpiperazine;
nitrile;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
semaxinib
semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.		2.0510olefinic compound;
oxindoles;
pyrroles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib
orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.		2.0510
su 11248
[no description available]		5.0940monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.		4.5670dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
indoles;
organofluorine compound
molsidomine
[no description available]		2.4720ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
pd 151746
[no description available]		2.610
levorphanol
Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.		3.2310morphinane alkaloid
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		3.8730cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide
morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.4620morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		4.28506-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
butorphanol
Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.		3.8730morphinane alkaloidantitussive;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
cefixime
[no description available]		4.0940cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.9460dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril
benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.		4.0520benzazepine;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
lactam		EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		4.5840azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
verteporfin
(2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.		3.7320
batimastat
batimastat: structure given in first source; a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. batimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3R)-5-methyl-3-{[(2S)-1-(methylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-[(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl]hexanoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It a broad-spectrum matrix metalloprotease inhibitor.		2.610hydroxamic acid;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
organic sulfide;
secondary carboxamide;
thiophenes;
triamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		19.1828934dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
zimeldine
Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)		3.2310styrenes
diphenylhexatriene
Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.		2.0510alkatrienefluorochrome
3,3',4,5'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene
(E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene: from the leaves of Eugenia rigida; structure in first source		3.5110
bedaquiline
bedaquiline: a diarylquinoline Antitubercular Agent. bedaquiline : A quinoline-based antimycobacterial drug used (as its fumarate salt) for the treatment of pulmonary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis by inhibition of ATP synthase, an enzyme essential for the replication of the mycobacteria.		2.2510aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
organobromine compound;
quinolines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antitubercular agent;
ATP synthase inhibitor
enalapril maleate
enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.		2.0810maleate saltantihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		4.5840dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
nitrofurazone
Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.		2.7630
trientine hydrochloride
[no description available]		3.2310
n-methylscopolamine bromide
scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.		3.2310
bleomycin
[no description available]		3.5920bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
indinavir sulfate
[no description available]		2.4220azaheterocycle sulfate salt
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		3.8730dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
imidapril
imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
imidazolidines;
N-acylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
bergamottin
bergamottin: constituent of bergamot oil; structure given in first source		3.1210furanocoumarinmetabolite
sulindac sulfone
sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
solanesol
solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).		2.610nonaprenol;
primary alcohol		plant metabolite
pepstatin
pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin		4.0540pentapeptide;
secondary carboxamide		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
ximelagatran
ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.		3.5920amidoxime;
azetidines;
carboxamide;
ethyl ester;
hydroxylamines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
prodrug;
serine protease inhibitor
u 75875
U 75875: structure given in first source		3.5120
cefuroxime
[no description available]		3.23103-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin;
furans;
oxime O-ether		drug allergen
ceftriaxone
[no description available]		3.59201,2,4-triazines;
1,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime
Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		3.2310cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug
l 685458
L 685458: a gamma-secretase inhibitor; structure in first source. L-685,458 : A peptide and carboxamide that is L-leucyl-L-phenylalaninamide, L-Leu-L-Phe-NH2, which has been acylated on the N-terminus by a Phe-Phe hydroxyethylene dipeptide isotere, 2R-benzyl-5S-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-4R-hydroxy-6-phenylhexanoic acid. Compounds based on the structure of L-685,458 are potent inhibitors of gamma-secretase, which mediates the final catalytic step that generates the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), which assembles into the neurotoxic aggregates in the brains of sufferers of Alzheimer's disease.		2.610carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
peptide;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
pafuramidine
pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine		3.2310
ceftazidime
[no description available]		3.2310cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
streptomyces pepsin inhibitor
[no description available]		2.0710
l 754394
L 754394: a potent and specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease; structure given in first source		3.5120
trandolapril
trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.		4.5840dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
morphine-3-glucuronide
morphine-3-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.4620morphinane alkaloid
pregabalin
Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.		3.6120gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker
alvimopan anhydrous
alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain		3.6120peptide
aliskiren
aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene		antihypertensive agent
bms 806
BMS 806: prevents entry of HIV into cells by binding HIV envelope protein gp120; no further info available 4/2002		2.5320
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
[no description available]		2.610
guanabenz acetate
[no description available]		2.0510dichlorobenzenegeroprotector
famotidine
[no description available]		4.09401,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
tulobuterol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.610organic molecular entity
2,3-n-octanoylsphingosine
N-octanoylsphingosine : An N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octanoyl.		2.0510N-acylsphingosine
salubrinal
salubrinal: prevents dephosphorylation of eIF2alpha; structure in first source. salubrinal : A member of the class of quinolines that is a mixed aminal resulting from the formal condensation oftrichloroacetaldehyde with the amide nitrogen of trans-cinnamamide and the primary amino group of 1-quinolin-8-ylthiourea. It is a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha).		2.6320aminal;
organochlorine compound;
quinolines;
secondary carboxamide;
thioureas
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		3.86301,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
aztreonam
[no description available]		3.5920beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
monobactam		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
brecanavir
brecanavir: HIV protease inhibitor		2.7230
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.		2.0310
proguanil
Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.		3.6320biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
cci 15641
[no description available]		2.0810cephalosporin
22,23-dihydroavermectin b(1)a
22,23-dihydroavermectin B(1)a: C48H74O14; major component of IVERMECTIN; MW 875.093; structure given in first source. 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a : A macrocyclic lactone that is avermectin B1a in which the double bond present in the spirocyclic ring system has been reduced to a single bond. It is the major component of ivermectin.		3.4110macrocyclic lactone;
spiroketal
N-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)carbonyl]-L-alanyl-L-valyl-N-{(2S,3E)-5-(benzyloxy)-5-oxo-1-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]pent-3-en-2-yl}-L-leucinamide
N-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)carbonyl]-L-alanyl-L-valyl-N-{(2S,3E)-5-(benzyloxy)-5-oxo-1-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]pent-3-en-2-yl}-L-leucinamide : A tripeptide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)carbonyl]-L-alanyl-L-valine with the amino group of benzyl (2E,4S)-4-(L-leucylamino)-5-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]pent-2-enoate. It is an inhibitor of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2.		3.5110benzyl ester;
isoxazoles;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
tripeptide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor
rifamycin sv
rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.		2.7730acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol;
rifamycins		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
bacterial metabolite
ro 42-5892
remikiren : An L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a (2S)-2-[(2-methylpropane-2-sulfonyl)methyl]-3-phenylpropanoyl group and the carboxy group is replaced by a [(2S,3R,4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydroxybutan-2-yl]amino group. It is a renin inhibitor which was under development for the treatment of hypertension (now discontinued).		3.110cyclopropanes;
diol;
L-histidine derivative;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.23.15 (renin) inhibitor;
peptidomimetic;
vasodilator agent
cefpodoxime
[no description available]		3.2310carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
palonosetron
Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.		3.2310azabicycloalkane;
delta-lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antiemetic;
serotonergic antagonist
epoprostenol sodium
[no description available]		2.0510prostanoid
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate : A fumarate salt prepared from equimolar amounts of tenofovir disoproxil and fumaric acid. It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.4620fumarate saltantiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
dexbrompheniramine maleate
dexbrompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of the (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		2.0810brompheniramine maleateanti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
piroxicam cinnamate
piroxicam cinnamate: structure given in first source		2.2510cinnamate ester
rifaximin
[no description available]		3.6120acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative		antimicrobial agent;
gastrointestinal drug;
orphan drug
bafilomycin a1
bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.		2.1110cyclic hemiketal;
macrolide antibiotic;
oxanes		apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
fungicide;
potassium ionophore;
toxin
germacrone
germacrone: isolated from Curcuma wenyujin		2.610germacrane sesquiterpenoid;
olefinic compound		androgen antagonist;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antifeedant;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antitussive;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
insecticide;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
(2e,4e,6e,10e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid
(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid: an acyclic retinoid that suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence; structure in first source		2.610
rupintrivir
rupintrivir: a rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitor		4.0820
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin: structure given in first source		3.1210psoralens
lithospermic acid
[no description available]		2.610
everolimus
[no description available]		3.6120cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
flutimide
flutimide: isolated from Delitschia confertaspora; selectively inhibits the transcriptase of influenza viruses; structure given		2.0510
laq824
LAQ824: Histone deacetylase inhibitor		2.610
ixabepilone
[no description available]		3.59201,3-thiazoles;
beta-hydroxy ketone;
epoxide;
lactam;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
ekb 569
EKB 569: an EGF receptor kinase inhibitor		2.610aminoquinoline;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		protein kinase inhibitor
a 315675
[no description available]		2.0510
rilpivirine
[no description available]		3.9730aminopyrimidine;
nitrile		EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
(1Ar,7aS,10aS,10bS)-1a,5-dimethyl-8-methylidene-2,3,6,7,7a,8,10a,10b-octahydrooxireno[9,10]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-9(1aH)-one
[no description available]		2.610germacranolide
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
[no description available]		2.610quinic acid
indigo carmine
3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.		2.610
bms 433771
[no description available]		2.0510
Ethyl (E,4S)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-3-methyl-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)butanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-5-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]pent-2-enoate
[no description available]		3.5110dipeptideanticoronaviral agent
azlocillin
Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
panduratin a
panduratin A: isolated from Kaempferia pandurata; structure in first source		3.4110diarylheptanoidmetabolite
verlukast
verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist		2.7730
cefpodoxime proxetil
cefpodoxime proxetil: structure given in first source; prodrug for cefpodoxime. cefpodoxime proxetil : The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.		2.0810carboxylic acid;
carboxylic ester;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug;
prodrug
ceftizoxime
[no description available]		3.2310cephalosporinantibacterial drug
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide
[no description available]		3.2310ergot alkaloid;
monocarboxylic acid amide		serotonergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
fluphenazine
[no description available]		2.0810
dantrolene sodium
dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.		2.0510
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		4.5670imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
nifurtimox
Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.		2.4620nitrofuran antibiotic
6 beta-hydroxycortisol
6 beta-hydroxycortisol: RN given refers to the (6beta,11beta)-isomer; see also record for 6 alpha-hydrocortisol. 6beta-hydroxycortisol : A C21-steroid that is cortisol bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6beta-position. In humans, it is produced as a metabolite of cortisol by cytochrome p450-3A4 (CYP3A4, an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds) and can be used to detect moderate and potent CYP3A4 inhibition in vivo.		2.931011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
6beta-hydroxy steroid;
C21-steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mammalian metabolite;
probe
dantrolene
[no description available]		3.2310
roxithromycin
(E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.		2.4720roxithromycinenvironmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cefdinir
[no description available]		3.6120cephalosporin;
ketoxime		antibacterial drug
etonogestrel
[no description available]		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt
[no description available]		2.0810
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		3.9330artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
beraprost
beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.		2.0510enyne;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary allylic alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
lanreotide
[no description available]		2.0510
etoposide phosphate
[no description available]		2.0810furonaphthodioxole
ciclesonide
ciclesonide: nasal spray approved for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis		2.0810organic molecular entity
napsagatran
napsagatran: structure given in first source		3.110
temsirolimus
[no description available]		3.6120macrolide lactam
dutasteride
Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.		3.6120(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
(3S,6S,9S,12R)-3-[(2S)-Butan-2-yl]-6-[(1-methoxyindol-3-yl)methyl]-9-(6-oxooctyl)-1,4,7,10-tetrazabicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-2,5,8,11-tetrone
[no description available]		2.610oligopeptide
bay 12-9566
Bay 12-9566: an angiogenesis inhibitor with matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity		3.110biphenyls;
organochlorine compound
tekturna
[no description available]		2.0810fumarate saltantihypertensive agent
prasugrel
5-[2-cyclopropyl-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl acetate : A member of the class of thienopyridines that is 2-acetoxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 2-cyclopropyl-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl group.. prasugrel : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel. Used (as its hydrochloride salt) to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.		3.1710acetate ester;
cyclopropanes;
ketone;
monofluorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound;
thienopyridine
isavuconazole
isavuconazole : A 1,3-thiazole that is butan-2-ol which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 3 by 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis.		3.51101,3-thiazoles;
conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor;
orphan drug
lu 208075
ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension		3.5920diarylmethane
bibx 1382bs
BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001		3.2310substituted aniline
vildagliptin
[no description available]		2.5820amino acid amide
indacaterol
indacaterol: a beta2 adrenoceptor agonist; indacaterol is the (R)-isomer; structure in first source. indacaterol : A monohydroxyquinoline that consists of 5-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-hydroxyquinolin-2-one having a 5,6-diethylindan-2-yl group attached to the amino function. Used as the maleate salt for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.		2.0810indanes;
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent
fesoterodine
fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder		3.2310diarylmethane
belinostat
[no description available]		2.610hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
panobinostat
Panobinostat: An indole and hydroxamic acid derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used as an antineoplastic agent in combination with BORTEZOMIB and DEXAMETHASONE for the treatment of MULTIPLE MYELOMA.. panobinostat : A hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E)-3-[4-({[2-(2-methylindol-3-yl)ethyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor used (as its lactate salt) in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma.		7.1710cinnamamides;
hydroxamic acid;
methylindole;
secondary amino compound		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
hdac-42
HDAC-42: structure in first source		2.610amidobenzoic acid
acetylcarnitine
O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.		2.0510O-acetylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cyclo(leucyl-prolyl)
cyclo(leucyl-prolyl): structure in first source. cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) : A homodetic cyclic peptide composed from leucyl and prolyl residues.		3.3110dipeptide;
homodetic cyclic peptide;
pyrrolopyrazine		bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite
chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.		2.610biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent
sgd 301-76
[no description available]		2.0810conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
organic nitrate salt		antiinfective agent
n,n-(4-xylylidene)bisaminoguanidine
N,N-(4-xylylidene)bisaminoguanidine: RN in Chemline for di-HCl: 7044-24-8; RN for unspecified HCl: 62580-72-7. N,N'-(p-xylylidene)bis(aminoguanidine) : A guanidine derivative comprised of two carbamimidamido (guanidino) groups, each linked via one of their amino nitrogens to the imino nitrogens of 1,4-phenylenedimethanimine.		3.4110
fluvoxamine maleate
[no description available]		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
thioacetazone
Thioacetazone: A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217). thiosemicarbazone : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.		2.0810
nifursol
[no description available]		2.0510
nifurtoinol
nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.		2.0510hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.		3.23101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
gs-7340
tenofovir alafenamide: component of Biktarvy. tenofovir alafenamide : An L-alanine derivative that is isopropyl L-alaninate in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an (S)-({[(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)(phenoxy)phosphoryl group. A prodrug for tenofovir, it is used (as the fumarate salt) in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		2.6106-aminopurines;
ether;
isopropyl ester;
L-alanine derivative;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
naloxonazine
naloxonazine: binds irreversibly to opiate receptor sites; structure given in first source		2.0510
dexlansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.		3.6120benzimidazoles;
sulfoxide
selamectin
[no description available]		3.4110milbemycin
gemifloxacin mesylate
gemifloxacin mesylate : The mesylate salt of gemifloxacin.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltantimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fosinopril
[no description available]		4.3530
armodafinil
armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.		3.23102-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamidecentral nervous system stimulant;
eugeroic
iniparib
[no description available]		2.610carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
n-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(n-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide
[no description available]		2.610
pri-2205
[no description available]		2.610
mk 0752
[no description available]		2.610
eflucimibe
eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor		2.0510
givinostat
[no description available]		2.610carbamate ester
ym 60828
YM 60828: YM-466 is the mesylate salt		3.110
timcodar
timcodar: a mutlidrug resistance inhibitor; structure in first source		3.5110
pd 144418
[no description available]		2.610
rwj 68354
[no description available]		2.0510
bicyclol
bicyclol: an antihepatitis drug, on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rats.		2.610
ro 32-3555
Ro 32-3555: structure given in first source		3.110
midostaurin
midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.		2.610benzamides;
gamma-lactam;
indolocarbazole;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
sincalide
Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.		3.620oligopeptide
tapentadol
Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.		3.2310alkylbenzene
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.4820aromatic ether
ly 450139
[no description available]		2.610peptide
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		3.5920organic molecular entity
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		2.610aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
cefditoren
cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.		3.2310carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticagrelor
Ticagrelor: An adenosine triphosphate analogue and reversible P2Y12 PURINORECEPTOR antagonist that inhibits ADP-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used for the prevention of THROMBOEMBOLISM by patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME or a history of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.. ticagrelor : A triazolopyrimidine that is an adenosine isostere; the cyclopentane ring is similar to ribose and the nitrogen-rich [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine moiety resembles the nucleobase adenine. A platelet aggregation inhibitor which is used for prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.		2.0810aryl sulfide;
hydroxyether;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
triazolopyrimidines		P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cp 724714
2-methoxy-N-(3-(4-((3-methyl-4-((6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy)phenyl)amino)-6-quinazolinyl)-2-propenyl)acetamide: CP-724714 is the ((2E)-isomer, 1:1.5 succinate); structure in first source		2.1102-methoxy-N-[3-[4-[3-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]anilino]-6-quinazolinyl]prop-2-enyl]acetamideantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.		2.5820aromatic amide;
lactam;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound;
oxazolidinone;
thiophenes		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
lipid a
Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group).		2.0110dodecanoate ester;
lipid A;
tetradecanoate ester		Escherichia coli metabolite
sb 3ct compound
SB 3CT compound: a matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
idn 5390
IDN 5390: structure in first source		2.0210
ginsenoside rb1
[no description available]		2.610ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
anti-obesity agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0510
zd 8321
ZD 8321: inhibits human leukocyte elastase; structure in first source		3.110
tivozanib
N-(2-chloro-4-((6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)urea: KNR-951 is the HCl, monohydrate salt; an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		3.5110aromatic ether
hki 272
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mk 936
[no description available]		2.0510
perampanel
perampanel : A member of the class of bipyridines that is 2,3'-bipyridin-6'-one substituted at positions 1' and 5' by phenyl and 2-cyanophenyl groups respectively. Used as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy.		2.2510bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		AMPA receptor antagonist;
anticonvulsant
tofacitinib
tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0810N-acylpiperidine;
nitrile;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
rucaparib
AG14447: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610azepinoindole;
caprolactams;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
6h-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine-6-acetamide, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-, (6s)-
[no description available]		2.610organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
cetilistat
cetilistat: lipase inhibitor in randomized, placebo-controlled study of weight reduction in obese patients (3/2007)		2.610benzoxazine
ym 201636
6-amino-N-(3-(4-(4-morpholinyl)pyrido(3',2'-4,5)furo(3,2-d)pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide: an antiviral agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic amide
osu 03012
OSU 03012: a PDK-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		3.3110antibiotic antifungal drug;
aromatic amide;
glycine derivative;
organofluorine compound;
phenanthrenes;
pyrazoles		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
linagliptin
Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.		2.610aminopiperidine;
quinazolines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
pazopanib
pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.		3.6120aminopyrimidine;
indazoles;
sulfonamide		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
azd 6244
AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor		2.5420benzimidazoles;
bromobenzenes;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
odanacatib
odanacatib: a selective inhibitor of cathepsin K for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis; structure in first source		2.610
prasugrel hydrochloride
Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.		3.6620
apilimod
[no description available]		2.610
apixaban
[no description available]		2.5820aromatic ether;
lactam;
piperidones;
pyrazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
betrixaban
betrixaban: a highly potent, selective, and orally efficacious factor Xa inhibitor; structure in first source. betrixaban : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamimidoyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-N-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-methoxybenzamide. A synthetic anticoagulant compound that targets activated factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.		2.610benzamides;
guanidines;
monochloropyridine;
monomethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
edoxaban
edoxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is used (as its tosylate monohydrate) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.		2.610chloropyridine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound;
thiazolopyridine		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
saracatinib
[no description available]		2.610aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
diether;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
oxanes;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
ko 143
[no description available]		3.6520beta-carbolines;
tert-butyl ester
n-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide
boceprevir : A synthetic tripeptide consisting of N-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl, a cyclopropyl-fused prolyl and 3-amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide residues joined in sequence. Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.		2.7620tripeptide;
ureas		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
ly 411575
[no description available]		2.610dibenzoazepine;
difluorobenzene;
lactam;
secondary alcohol		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
galidesivir
[no description available]		2.610
PB28
PB28 : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin that is substituted by 3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a sigma 2 (sigma2) receptor agonist (Ki = 0.68 nM) and exhibits antineoplastic and anti SARS-CoV-2 activities.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperazines;
tetralins		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
sigma-2 receptor agonist
amg 009
AMG 009: an anti-inflammatory agent; structure in first source		2.0810
vinflunine
vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.		2.0510acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent
cefotaxime sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
baci-im
[no description available]		3.5920homodetic cyclic peptide;
polypeptide;
zwitterion		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent
regorafenib
[no description available]		3.5110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
degrasyn
degrasyn: a JAK2 kinase inhibitor that induces rapid degradation of c-Myc protein in MM-1 multiple myeloma and other tumor cell lines; structure in first source		2.610
n-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl)-2-methyl-2-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)propanamide
N-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl)-2-methyl-2-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)propanamide: MK-0364 is the (1S,2S)-isomer; a cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonist; structure in first source		2.0810stilbenoid
epoxomicin
[no description available]		2.610morpholines;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
bms 477118
[no description available]		3.7320adamantanes;
azabicycloalkane;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
pha 680632
PHA 680632: Aurora kinase inhibitor with potent antitumoral activity; structure in first source		2.610
tmc 353121
[no description available]		2.610
amd 070
mavorixafor: a derivative of AMD3100; a CXCR4 blocker		2.610aminoquinoline
danoprevir
[no description available]		2.610
nystatin a1
Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.		3.620nystatins
bms-626529
[no description available]		2.610
bms-663068
fostemsavir: an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
er-086526
eribulin: a halichondrin B derivative that suppresses microtubule growth and acts as an antimitotic agent; structure in first source. eribulin : A fully synthetic macrocyclic ketone analogue of marine sponge natural products. Inhibits growth phase of microtubules via tubulin-based antimitotic mechanism, which leads to G2/M cell-cycle block, disruption of mitotic spindles, and, ultimately, apoptotic cell death after prolonged mitotic blockage		2.2110cyclic ketal;
cyclic ketone;
macrocycle;
polycyclic ether;
polyether;
primary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
amenamevir
ASP2151: a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor, in a guinea pig model of genital herpes; structure in first source		2.610
vx 765
belnacasan: a NSAID		2.610dipeptide
Dihydrotanshinone I
dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae		2.610abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
alogliptin
alogliptin: structure in first source. alogliptin : A piperidine that is 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine carrying additional 2-cyanobenzyl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used in the form of its benzoate salt for treatment of type 2 diabetes.		2.610nitrile;
piperidines;
primary amino compound;
pyrimidines		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
fr 180204
FR 180204: structure in first source		2.610pyrazoles;
ring assembly
quisinostat
[no description available]		2.610indoles
2,5-dimethylcelecoxib
2,5-dimethylcelecoxib: non-COX-2 inhibitory structural analog of celecoxib		2.7630
carfilzomib
[no description available]		3.0430epoxide;
morpholines;
tetrapeptide		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
hcv 796
HCV 796: inhibits HCV RdRp; structure in first source		2.610
apremilast
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
N-acetylarylamine;
phthalimides;
sulfone		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor
PF-00835231
PF-00835231 : A primary alcohol resulting from the cleavage of the phosphate group of the prodrug PF-07304814. It is an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-1 and -2 main protease (3CLpro) and exhibits potent in vitro antiviral activity.		3.5110aromatic ether;
indolecarboxamide;
L-leucine derivative;
primary alcohol;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor
resminostat
resminostat: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
milnacipran
[no description available]		3.2310acetamides
crizotinib
Crizotinib: A piperidine and aminopyridine derivative that acts as an inhibitor of RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES, including ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE (ALK) and HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (HGFR; c-Met). It is used in the treatment of NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. crizotinib : A 3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine that has R configuration at the chiral centre. The active enantiomer, it acts as a kinase inhibitor and is used for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)		2.31103-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amineantineoplastic agent;
biomarker;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
lactimidomycin
lactimidomycin: a glutarimide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces amphibiosporus		3.3110macrolide
fostamatinib
fostamatinib: a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor, metabolized to R406		3.5110
zk 756326
2-(2-(4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol: a CC chemokine receptor CCR8 agonist; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
balapiravir
balapiravir: a prodrug of R1479; structure in first source		2.610
trametinib
[no description available]		2.610acetamides;
aromatic amine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound;
organoiodine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
ring assembly		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
pf-562,271
[no description available]		3.1710indoles
deoxyarbutin
4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenol: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610
abexinostat
abexinostat: structure in first source		2.610benzofurans
losartan potassium
Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.		2.0810
silvestrol
silvestrol: isolated from the fruit and twig of Aglaia silvestris. silvestrol : An organic heterotricyclic compound that consists of a 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan framework substituted by hydroxy groups at positions C-1 and C-8b, a methoxycarbonyl group at C-2, a phenyl group at C-3, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-3a, a methoxy group at C-8 and a 1,4-dioxan-2-yloxy group at position C-6 which in turn is substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group at position 6. Isolated from Aglaia silvestris, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.610dioxanes;
ether;
methyl ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
narlaprevir
narlaprevir: an antiviral agent that inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3 protease. narlaprevir : An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by [(3S)-1-(cyclopropylamino)-1,2-dioxoheptan-3-yl]aminoacyl and N-({1-[(tert-butylsulfonyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}carbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl groups at positions 2S and 3, respectively. It is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor (Ki = 6 nM) that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.		2.610azabicyclohexane;
cyclopropanes;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone;
tertiary carboxamide;
ureas		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
teneligliptin
[no description available]		2.610amino acid amide
dextrothyroxine
[no description available]		2.4720
veliparib
[no description available]		2.610benzimidazolesEC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available]		3.2310
dactolisib
dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.		2.0810imidazoquinoline;
nitrile;
quinolines;
ring assembly;
ureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor
pf 03491390
[no description available]		2.5420
alloin
[no description available]		2.610anthracenes;
C-glycosyl compound;
cyclic ketone;
phenols		laxative;
metabolite
mefloquine
Mefloquine: A phospholipid-interacting antimalarial drug (ANTIMALARIALS). It is very effective against PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM with very few side effects.. mefloquine : A racemate composed of (+)-(11R,2'S)- and (-)-(11S,2'R)-enantiomers of mefloquine. An antimalarial agent which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.		710
lilopristone
lilopristone: structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist		3.1210
isoguanosine
[no description available]		1.9910
rabeprazole sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
mdv 3100
[no description available]		2.610(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
benzamides;
imidazolidinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
thiocarbonyl compound		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
amodiaquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.7530
azamulin
azamulin: a Cyp3A inhibitor; structure in first source		3.1210
bms-650032
asunaprevir: an NS3 protease inhibitor against hepatitis C virus		2.610oligopeptide
rg 7128
2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3',5'-diisobutyryldeoxycytidine: inhibits HCV polymerase; structure in first source		2.610
ceruletide
Ceruletide: A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.. ceruletide : A decapeptide comprising 5-oxoprolyl, glutamyl, aspartyl, O-sulfotyrosyl, threonyl, glycyl, tryptopyl, methionyl, aspartyl and phenylalaninamide residues in sequence. Found in the skins of certain Australian amphibians, it is an analogue of the gastrointestinal peptide hormone cholecystokinin and stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion. It is used in cases of paralysis of the intestine (paralytic ileus) and as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.		2.0510oligopeptidediagnostic agent;
gastrointestinal drug
bivalirudin
bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.		3.6120polypeptideanticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
somatostatin
[no description available]		2.0810heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone
tannins
gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).		3.6220tannin
enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.		3.2310
ganirelix
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
teriparatide
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
salmon calcitonin
[no description available]		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone;
polypeptide		bone density conservation agent;
metabolite
ly-146032
[no description available]		3.6120heterodetic cyclic peptide;
lipopeptide antibiotic;
lipopeptide;
macrocycle;
macrolide		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
calcium-dependent antibiotics
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt		3.2310polypeptide
oritavancin
oritavancin : A semisynthetic glycopeptide used (as its bisphosphate salt) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of designated Gram-positive microorganisms including MRSA.		2.610disaccharide derivative;
glycopeptide;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
c-peptide
C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.		2.0110
exenatide
[no description available]		3.2310
ristocetin
Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia.		210glycopeptide;
heterodetic cyclic peptide;
macrocycle;
tetrasaccharide derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
platelet-activating factor receptor agonist
warfarin sodium
warfarin sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin sodium. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.		2.0810
pevonedistat
pevonedistat: a potent and selective inhibitor of NAE (NEDD8-activating enzyme). pevonedistat : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted by a (1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylnitrilo group at position 4 and by a (1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-[(sulfamoyloxy)methyl]cyclopentyl group at position 7. It is a potent and selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.7 nM, and currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes.		2.610cyclopentanols;
indanes;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
secondary amino compound;
sulfamidate		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
uk 453,061
UK 453,061: a reverse transcriptase inhibitor/anti-HIV agent; structure in first source		2.610aromatic ether
pravastatin sodium
pravastatin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of pravastatin. A reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), it is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		2.0810organic sodium salt;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug
alendronate sodium
[no description available]		2.0810
N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.610aromatic amide
sl 80.0750
[no description available]		2.0810
calpain
Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.		2.0810
stampidine
stampidine: an anti-HIV agent; structure in first source		2.0210
tegobuvir
tegobuvir: a non-structural protein 5B polymerase inhibitor		2.610
pf-429242
PF-429242: a subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease inhibitor		2.610
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		3.8730organosulfonic acid
cerivastatin sodium
cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
statin (synthetic)
clavulanate potassium
potassium clavulanate : A potassium salt having clavulanate as the counterion. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has only weak anitbiotic activity when administered alone. However it can be used in combination with amoxicillin trihydrate (under the trade name Augmentin) for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, where it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamases.		2.0810potassium saltantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
sodium lactate
Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.		3.2310lactate salt;
organic sodium salt		food acidity regulator;
food preservative
piperacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
monensin
[no description available]		2.0510
sodium iothalamate
[no description available]		3.2310
oxacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.4720organic sodium salt
raltegravir potassium
Raltegravir Potassium: A pyrrolidinone derivative and HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITOR that is used in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS for the treatment of HIV INFECTION.		2.0510
sodium diatrizoate
histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
cefazolin sodium
cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.		2.0810organic sodium salt
ro13-9904
Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.		2.0110
azlocillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
olaparib
[no description available]		2.610cyclopropanes;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
phthalazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
cx 4945
[no description available]		2.610
pci 34051
PCI 34051: an HDAC8 inhibitor		2.610indolecarboxamide
gdc 0449
HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity		3.5110benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfone		antineoplastic agent;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
SMO receptor antagonist;
teratogenic agent
lomibuvir
lomibuvir: an antiviral agent with polymerase NS5 inhibitory activity		2.610thiophenecarboxylic acid
delanzomib
[no description available]		2.610C-terminal boronic acid peptide;
phenylpyridine;
secondary alcohol;
threonine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
proteasome inhibitor
ponatinib
[no description available]		3.5110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
acetylenic compound;
benzamides;
imidazopyridazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
pitavastatin(1-)
pitavastatin(1-) : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pitavastatin, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.		2.610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
GRL-0617
GRL-0617 : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-amino-2-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine. It is a potent noncovalent inhibitor (IC50 = 600 nM) of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus papain-like protease (SARS-CoV PLpro).		2.610benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
N-[4-[3-[[[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]amino]-oxomethyl]-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
CAY10603: a HDAC6 inhibitor		2.610carbamate ester
niraparib
niraparib: structure in first source. niraparib : A 2-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide that has S-configuration. It is a potent inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50 of 3.8 and 2.1 nM, respectively) and approved as a first-line maintenance treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer after responding to platinum-based chemotherapy.		2.6102-[4-(piperidin-3-yl)phenyl]-2H-indazole-7-carboxamideantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
mk 2206
MK 2206: a protein kinase inhibitor and antineoplastic agent		2.0710organic heterotricyclic compoundEC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
jzl 184
JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source		2.610benzodioxoles
gsk 650394
[no description available]		2.610phenylpyridine
chi 1043
[no description available]		2.0410
oprozomib
ONX 0912: antineoplastic; an orally active proteasome inhibitor; structure in first source		2.6320
cetrorelix
cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.		3.2310oligopeptideantineoplastic agent;
GnRH antagonist
az 960
[no description available]		2.610
golgicide a
golgicide A: inhibits the cis-golgi ArfGEF GBF1; structure in first source. golgicide A : A diastereoisomeric mixture comprising racemic cis- and racemic trans-goglioside A in a 10:1 ratio. It is a potent and rapidly reversible GBF1 (Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) inhibitor. The (3aS,4R,9bR) isomer is the most active (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 22, 5177-5181).		2.610diastereoisomeric mixturecis-Golgi ArfGEF GBF inhibitor
incb-018424
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
cobicistat
[no description available]		4201,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
ureas		P450 inhibitor
bms-790052
daclatasvir: an HCV NS5A inhibitor. daclatasvir : A member of the class of biphenyls that is a potent inhibitor of nonstructural protein 5A and is used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of hepatitis C.		2.610biphenyls;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
imidazoles;
valine derivative		antiviral drug;
nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
ixazomib
ixazomib: a proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; MLN2238 is the biologically active form of MLN9708; structure in first source. ixazomib : A glycine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)glycine with the amino group of [(1R)-1-amino-3-methylbutyl]boronic acid. The active metabolite of ixazomib citrate, it is used in combination therapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.		2.610benzamides;
boronic acids;
dichlorobenzene;
glycine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
orphan drug;
proteasome inhibitor
ucph 101
2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(naphthalen-1-yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile: structure in first source		2.610
plx4032
[no description available]		2.4110aromatic ketone;
difluorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrrolopyridine;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
B-Raf inhibitor
5-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)-4-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine
[no description available]		2.610aryl sulfide;
thienopyrimidine
baricitinib
[no description available]		3.8620azetidines;
nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antirheumatic drug;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
KOM70144
KOM70144 : A benzamide that is GRL-0617 in which one of the hydrogen's of the primary amino group is replaced by an acetyl group. It an inhibitor of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) with an IC50 of 2.6 muM and 5.0 muM, respectively. It also inhibits SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells in vitro (EC50 values are 13.1 and 21 muM, respectively).		2.610acetamides;
benzamides;
naphthalenes;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
protease inhibitor
e-52862
[no description available]		2.610
ly2811376
[no description available]		2.610
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		2.0310
anagliptin
anagliptin: anagliptin hydrochloride salt is the active compound		2.610amino acid amide
gardiquimod
[no description available]		2.610
grazoprevir
grazoprevir: has antiviral activity; component of Zepatier. grazoprevir : An azamacrocyclic compound that is a hepatitis C protease inhibitor used in combination with elbasvir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610aromatic ether;
azamacrocycle;
carbamate ester;
cyclopropanes;
lactam;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
quinoxaline derivative		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
abt-450
paritaprevir: inhibits HCV NS3 protease. paritaprevir : An azamacrocycle which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610
letermovir
letermovir: has antiviral activity; structure in first source		2.610
gx 15-070
obatoclax: a pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor potentially useful in treating mantle cell lymphoma		2.2510
sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		3.8220isopropyl ester;
L-alanyl ester;
nucleotide conjugate;
organofluorine compound;
phosphoramidate ester		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
prodrug
5-(4-amino-1-propan-2-yl-3-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine
sapanisertib: an mTOR inhibitor		2.610benzoxazole
blz 945
[no description available]		2.610
azd3839
AZD3839: a BACE1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
pf 3084014
nirogacestat: an antineoplastic agent. nirogacestat : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted by a 1-[(2,2-dimethylpropyl)amino]-2-methylpropan-2-yl group at position 1 and a {N-[(2S)-6,8-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-L-norvalyl}amino group at position 4. It is a gamma-secretase inhibitor whose hydrobromide salt is indicated for adult patients with progressing desmoid tumours who require systemic treatment.		2.610
unc 0638
UNC 0638: inhibits lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP; structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
gs-9620
[no description available]		2.610
n-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide
N-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: structure in first source		2.610
bms 708163
BMS 708163: structure in first source		2.610oxadiazole;
ring assembly
jq1 compound
[no description available]		2.610carboxylic ester;
organochlorine compound;
tert-butyl ester;
thienotriazolodiazepine		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
ferroptosis inducer
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone
1-(5-((2,4-difluorophenyl)thio)-4-nitrothiophen-2-yl)ethanone: a USP7 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
gsk525762a
molibresib: mimicks acetylated histones; structure in first source		2.610benzodiazepine
alectinib
[no description available]		3.5110aromatic ketone;
morpholines;
nitrile;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
piperidines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
ML240
ML240 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2, 5 and 8 by 2-amino-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl, benzylnitrilo and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a ATP-competetive inhibitor of AAA ATPase p97, also known as valosin-containing protein (VCP).		2.610aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent
birinapant
birinapant: a Smac mimetic with antineoplastic activity		2.610dipeptide
ly2886721
[no description available]		2.610
nms-p118
NMS-P118: a PARP-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
tubastatin a
[no description available]		2.610hydroxamic acid;
pyridoindole;
tertiary amino compound		EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
pracinostat
pracinostat : A hydroxamic acid that is N-hydroxyacrylamide which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl group (the E isomer). An orally available pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor with demonstrated activity in the treatment of advanced solid tumours.		2.610benzimidazole;
hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
spautin-1
[no description available]		2.610
ldn 57444
LDN 57444: inhibitor of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1; structure in first source		2.610
gsk1210151a
GSK1210151A: inhibitor of the BET family of proteins; structure in first source		2.610imidazoquinoline
i-bet726
[no description available]		2.610
tatanan a
tatanan A: from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott; structure in first source		3.3110
acy-1215
ricolinostat: an HDAC6 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610pyrimidinecarboxylic acid
cudc-907
[no description available]		2.610
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		4.0940ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
raltegravir
[no description available]		3.58201,2,4-oxadiazole;
dicarboxylic acid amide;
hydroxypyrimidine;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidone;
secondary carboxamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		4.1140carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		4.2750
chlortetracycline
Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.		2.0510
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		3.5920
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		3.5920
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		2.0110monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.		2.0510hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam
[no description available]		4.140benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
roquinimex
roquinimex: structure in first source		2.0810aromatic amide
acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		4.13401,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.7630heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam
isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.0810benzothiazine;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antirheumatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		4.2650benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
demeclocycline
Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.		3.2310
phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.		2.0510hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
tipranavir
tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.		9.73291sulfonamideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
tasquinimod
tasquinimod: a lead second generation quinoline-3-carboxamide anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of prostate cancer; structure in first source		2.610
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.0510
minocycline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810
tigecycline
[no description available]		3.6120
(S)-warfarin
(S)-warfarin : A 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one that has (S)-configuration (the racemate is warfarin, an anticoagulant drug and rodenticide).		2.08104-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one
lornoxicam
lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.		2.4720heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gsk1265744
[no description available]		2.610difluorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
dolutegravir
[no description available]		3.0610difluorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
abt-267
ombitasvir: inhibits HCV NS5A protein, component of Viekirax. ombitasvir : A dipeptide derivative which is used which is in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic amide;
carbamate ester;
dipeptide;
pyrrolidines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
abt-333
dasabuvir: an antiviral agent. dasabuvir : A member of the class of pyrimidone, which is (as the monohydrate of its sodium salt) in combination with ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.610aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
pyrimidone;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor
rgfp966
[no description available]		2.610
rg2833
RG2833: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
GS-443902
GS-441524 triphosphate: intracellular active metabolite of remdesivir. GS-443902 : An organic triphosphate that is GS-441524 in which the 5'-hydroxy group has been replaced by a triphosphate group. It is the active metabolite of remdesivir.		2.2510aromatic amine;
C-nucleoside;
nitrile;
organic triphosphate;
pyrrolotriazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
drug metabolite
pi-1840
PI-1840: has both antineoplastic and proteasome inhibitory activities; structure in first source		2.610
acy-738
[no description available]		2.610
pelabresib
CPI-0610: a bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.610monochlorobenzenes;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
primary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor
gs-5806
presatovir: a respiratory syncytial virus entry inhibitor		2.610
doravirine
[no description available]		2.610
gn6958
GN6958: inhibits SUMO-sentrin specific protease 1 (SENP1); structure in first source		2.610
vx-787
pimodivir: non‐nucleotide inhibitor of the polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) subunit of the influenza A that is active against H1N1, H7N9 and H5N1, as well as influenza A strains with reduced susceptibility to NAIs		2.610
ledipasvir
ledipasvir : A benzimidazole derivative that is used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.		2.610azaspiro compound;
benzimidazole;
bridged compound;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
fluorenes;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor
gs-5816
velpatasvir: an NS5A inhibitor used for treating hepatitis C infections. velpatasvir : A complex organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with sofosbuvir (under the brand name Epclusa) for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C of all six major genotypes.		2.610carbamate ester;
ether;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor
g007-lk
G007-LK: potent and specific small-molecule tankyrase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.610
3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester
3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester: a breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
ajmaline
[no description available]		2.0510
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-n-hydroxybenzamide
4-((1-butyl-3-phenylureido)methyl)-N-hydroxybenzamide: inhibits HDAC6; structure in first source		2.610
selinexor
selinexor: inhibits karyopherin XPO1		2.610
verdinexor
verdinexor: a selective inhibitor of nuclear export		2.610
cb-839
[no description available]		2.610
mk-8742
elbasvir: inhibits NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus. elbasvir : A complex organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor used in combination with grazoprevir (under the brand name Zepatier) for treatment of chronic HCV genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults.		2.610carbamate ester;
imidazoles;
L-valine derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent
atglistatin
atglistatin: inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase; structure in first source. atglistatin : A biphenyl that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by (dimethylcarbamoyl)amino and dimethylamino groups at positions 3 and 4', respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase activity (IC50 = 700nM).		2.610
xen445
[no description available]		2.610
santacruzamate a
santacruzamate A: HDAC2 inhibitor from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium cf. Symploca sp.; structure in first source		2.610organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
m8-nelfinavir
M8-nelfinavir: structure in first source		6.6673
fertinex
[no description available]		3.2310
ldc4297
LDC4297: a CDK7 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. LDC4297 : A pyrazolotriazine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine substituted by a piperidin-3-yloxy group, [2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzyl]nitrilo group and an isopropyl group at positions 2, 4 and 8 respectively. It is a potent and selective CDK7 inhibitor and exhibits antiviral activity.		2.610aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazoles;
pyrazolotriazine;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
enasidenib
[no description available]		2.6101,3,5-triazines;
aminopyridine;
aromatic amine;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.42 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) inhibitor
buprenorphine-3-o-glucuronide
buprenorphine-3-O-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha-(S))-isomer		2.0510
s 8932
[no description available]		4.6760aromatic amine;
C-nucleoside;
carboxylic ester;
nitrile;
phosphoramidate ester;
pyrrolotriazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
prodrug
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		3.8621
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		4.29502-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
chir 258
[no description available]		3.5110
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		4.69802-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
nu 1025
NU 1064: structure in first source		2.610phenols;
quinazolines		EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
levoleucovorin
Levoleucovorin: A folate analog consisting of the pharmacologically active isomer of LEUCOVORIN.. (6S)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : The pharmacologically active (6S)-stereoisomer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid.		5.47225-formyltetrahydrofolic acidantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
guanosine
ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose.		1.9910guanosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		fundamental metabolite
inosine
[no description available]		2.0510inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		3.8830folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
3-methyladenine
N3-methyladenine: structure in first source		2.1110
neopterin
[no description available]		2.0310
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		7.92192cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		4.2750benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		6.4671dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		13.64721purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		11.65912-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
valtrex
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.		3.9430L-valyl esterantiviral drug
sildenafil
sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.		3.8730piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		3.8730benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		2.79302-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
oxypurinol
Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.		2.0510pyrazolopyrimidinedrug metabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
raltitrexed
[no description available]		2.4720N-acyl-amino acid
vardenafil
vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.		3.2310imidazotriazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		4.2850nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
citrovorum factor
[no description available]		3.6120tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		3.5920formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
rifapentine
rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin		3.6120N-alkylpiperazine;
N-iminopiperazine;
rifamycins		antitubercular agent;
leprostatic drug
4-hydroxyquinazoline
4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline: structure in first source		2.610quinazolines
cyclopropavir
cyclopropavir: cyclopropavir is the (Z)-isomer; has antiviral activity; structure in first source		2.0510
alanosine
[no description available]		2.0510
bl 4162a
anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.		3.2310imidazoquinazolineanticoagulant;
antifibrinolytic drug;
cardiovascular drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tegaserod
tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source		3.7320carboxamidine;
guanidines;
hydrazines;
indoles		gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic agonist
norclozapine
norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.		2.5820dibenzodiazepine;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		delta-opioid receptor agonist;
metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		3.7320N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine
Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.		2.0510aromatic amine;
benzotriazines;
N-oxide		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
sildenafil citrate
Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.		3.8321citrate saltEC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
valganciclovir
Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.		3.2310L-valyl ester;
purines		antiviral drug;
prodrug
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		4.6640(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant
fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
phosphoramide;
triazoles		antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
prodrug
tegaserod maleate
[no description available]		2.0810maleate saltserotonergic agonist
rifabutin
[no description available]		4.2850
azilsartan
azilsartan: an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker; receptor blocker. azilsartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group and at position 1 by a 2'-[(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl group. Used (as the prodrug, azilsartan medoxomil) for treatment of hypertension.		2.6101,2,4-oxadiazole;
aromatic ether;
benzimidazolecarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
hesperadin
[no description available]		2.610
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime
6-bromoindirubin-3'-acetoxime: a synthetic derivative of a compound from the Mediterranean mollusk Hexaplex trunculus, protects cells from varicella infection		2.610
amg531
[no description available]		3.5110
n'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide
[no description available]		2.610catechols;
hydrazide;
hydrazone;
naphthols		EC 3.6.5.5 (dynamin GTPase) inhibitor
levomefolate calcium
levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.		3.2310organic calcium saltantidepressant
XL413
XL413 : A benzofuropyrimidine that is 3,4-dihydro[1]benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine substituted by (2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl, oxo and chloro groups at positions 2, 4, and 8, respectively. It is a potent ATP competitive inhibitor of Cdc7 kinase (IC50 = 3.4 nM) and exhibits anticancer properties.		2.610benzofuropyrimidine;
organochlorine compound;
pyrrolidines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
me0328
ME0328: inhibits ARTD3; structure in first source		2.610
nvp-tnks656
[no description available]		2.610
molnupiravir
molnupiravir: prodrug that’s metabolized into N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC), a ribonucleoside analog. molnupiravir : A nucleoside analogue that is N(4)-hydroxycytidine in which the 5'-hydroxy group is replaced by a (2-methylpropanoyl)oxy group. It is the prodrug of the active antiviral ribonucleoside analog N(4)-hydroxycytidine (EIDD-1931), has activity against a number of RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses. It is currently in phase III trials for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.		2.3110isopropyl ester;
ketoxime;
nucleoside analogue		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
prodrug
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		2.0110
pyrimidinones
Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.		11.12568
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.2510
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.9110
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.2510
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		013.165014
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		07.1773
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.4220
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		07.1773
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.4220
Urinary Calculi
Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.		0210
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		04.8110
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		04.8110
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		022.65577169
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		124.65577169
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		06.36212
Chronic Hepatitis B
[description not available]		02.4520
Hepatitis B, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.		02.4520
Infections, Plasmodium
[description not available]		03.1450
Malaria
A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.		08.1450
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		015.576622
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy
[description not available]		011.99367
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.		117.576622
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		013.246510
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		05.38130
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		05.38130
American Trypanosomiasis
[description not available]		02.0510
Chagas Disease
Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.		02.0510
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.7230
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.7230
Adverse Drug Event
[description not available]		02.7630
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.		02.7630
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		02.1310
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		02.1310
Libman-Sacks Disease
[description not available]		02.1310
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.		14.1310
Cancer of Cervix
[description not available]		06.472
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		07.1232
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.		18.472
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
[description not available]		02.4110
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		03.1750
Polyploid
[description not available]		02.4110
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.		02.4110
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		03.1750
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		06.31101
Cystic Echinococcosis
[description not available]		02.4110
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		04.971
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		06.0391
Kahler Disease
[description not available]		08.56113
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		16.971
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		18.0391
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		110.56113
Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute, T Cell
[description not available]		02.610
Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.		02.610
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		02.7930
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		07.7930
Cancer of Pancreas
[description not available]		08.23116
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.9121
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).		110.23116
Lymphocytopenia
[description not available]		02.2110
Lymphopenia
Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.		02.2110
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		07.8230
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		02.8230
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		02.8230
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		02.8230
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		08.1710
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		03.1710
Infections, Coronavirus
[description not available]		04.0840
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever, depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis.		02.5220
Pneumonia, Viral
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.		04.0840
Coronavirus Infections
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).		04.0840
Adenovirus Infections
[description not available]		02.2510
Human Adenovirus Infections
[description not available]		02.2510
Adenoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.		02.2510
Adenovirus Infections, Human
Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.		02.2510
Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.3110
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).		02.3110
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		05.7671
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		05.7671
Koch's Disease
[description not available]		04.3441
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.		09.3441
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		07.1710
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		02.1710
Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex
[description not available]		03.2760
Drug Abuse, Intravenous
[description not available]		05.2541
AIDS Dementia Complex
A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40)		08.2760
Alveolitis, Fibrosing
[description not available]		02.5720
Sclerosis, Systemic
[description not available]		02.5720
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.		02.5720
Scleroderma, Systemic
A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.		02.5720
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney
[description not available]		02.5820
Cancer of Kidney
[description not available]		02.8730
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.		14.5820
Kidney Neoplasms
Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.		02.8730
Black Fever
[description not available]		02.4920
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.		02.4920
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		08.8141
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		110.8141
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic
[description not available]		02.1710
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.		02.1710
Cancer, Second Primary
[description not available]		04.5111
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		08.69135
Atherogenesis
[description not available]		02.2110
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		02.4720
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		02.4720
Atherosclerosis
A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.		02.2110
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.2110
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.2110
B-Cell Leukemia
[description not available]		02.0810
B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0810
Lymphoma, B-Cell
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.		02.0810
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		04.5450
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		06.0861
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		04.5450
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		18.0861
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain
[description not available]		02.0810
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.0810
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		02.0810
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.		02.0810
Cancer of Rectum
[description not available]		04.7532
Rectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.		04.7532
Aneuploid
[description not available]		02.0810
Cancer of Intestines
[description not available]		02.0810
Intestinal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.		02.0810
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
[description not available]		02.110
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.		02.110
Cancer of the Thyroid
[description not available]		02.4620
Thyroid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.		02.4620
Carcinoma, Medullary
A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)		02.110
Adenocystic Carcinoma
[description not available]		05.2521
Cancer of Salivary Gland
[description not available]		04.4111
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic
Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)		05.2521
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.		04.4111
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer
[description not available]		02.5120
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.		02.5120
Insulin Sensitivity
[description not available]		010.05241
HIV Lipodystrophy Syndrome
[description not available]		06.5363
Insulin Resistance
Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.		010.05241
HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome
Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be multifactorial and probably involves some combination of infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.		06.5363
Rhabdomyolysis
Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.		07.4420
Co-infection
[description not available]		02.1110
Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted
[description not available]		07.03113
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		04.1131
Hepatitis C
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.		07.03113
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		04.1131
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		02.1110
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		02.1110
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease
[description not available]		03.8540
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.		03.8540
Cytomegalovirus
A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.		09.3441
Lipodystrophy
A collection of heterogenous conditions resulting from defective LIPID METABOLISM and characterized by ADIPOSE TISSUE atrophy. Often there is redistribution of body fat resulting in peripheral fat wasting and central adiposity. They include generalized, localized, congenital, and acquired lipodystrophy.		010231
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		04.7921
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		04.4311
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		09.7921
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		16.4311
Amphetamine Abuse
[description not available]		02.1310
Amphetamine-Related Disorders
Disorders related or resulting from use of amphetamines.		02.1310
Metastase
[description not available]		03.5111
Neoplasm Metastasis
The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.		03.5111
Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.		02.1310
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure
[description not available]		02.830
Abnormalities, Congenital
[description not available]		02.1310
Bilirubinemia
[description not available]		02.5120
Infection, Puerperal
[description not available]		02.9610
Dermatitis Medicamentosa
[description not available]		02.7330
Bullous Dermatoses
[description not available]		02.0410
Chromoblastomycosis
Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362)		02.0410
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.0410
Epithelial Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0510
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		011.37284
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		011.37284
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged
[description not available]		03.4311
Long QT Syndrome
A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.		03.4311
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
[description not available]		03.8540
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		07.9640
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.		03.8540
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.		06.32141
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia
A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.		02.0510
Hyperinsulinism
A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.		02.0510
Animal Mammary Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.0510
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.		04.0450
Chronic Hepatitis C
[description not available]		07.7230
Hepatitis C, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.		02.7230
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		07.37124
Preterm Birth
[description not available]		02.0510
Acute Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		04.7421
Liver Failure, Acute
A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.		04.7421
Premature Birth
CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).		02.0510
HPV Infection
[description not available]		02.4620
Cancer of Head
[description not available]		04.3540
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)		04.3540
Papillomavirus Infections
Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.		02.4620
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei
[description not available]		02.0510
Cardiometabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.		04.7521
Dyslipidemia
[description not available]		03.8221
Liver Steatosis
[description not available]		02.0510
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.		02.0510
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		07.0510
Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.		04.7521
Dyslipidemias
Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.		03.8221
Genetic Predisposition
[description not available]		02.0510
Birth Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.7230
AIDS Seroconversion
[description not available]		08.59228
Hemoptysis
Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.		07.0510
Leishmania Infection
[description not available]		02.4720
Leishmaniasis
A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).		02.4720
Alcohol Abuse
[description not available]		02.0510
Alcoholism
A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)		02.0510
Anoxemia
[description not available]		02.0510
Pulmonary Hypertension
[description not available]		02.4320
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		02.0510
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.		02.4320
Atypical Lipomatous Tumor
[description not available]		04.1331
Liposarcoma
A malignant tumor derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)		04.1331
Adenoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		02.0610
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0610
Cancer of Pituitary
[description not available]		02.0610
Adenoma
A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		07.0610
Pituitary Neoplasms
Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.		02.0610
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.0710
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		02.0710
Kaposi Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.4320
Sarcoma, Kaposi
A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.		02.4320
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
[description not available]		02.0710
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)		02.0710
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		07.0710
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.		02.0710
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		02.4520
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		02.4520
Aging, Premature
Changes in the organism associated with senescence, occurring at an accelerated rate.		02.0710
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		02.4620
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		03.6530
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		19.4620
Cardiovascular Stroke
[description not available]		02.1310
Myocardial Infarction
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).		02.1310
Trypanosomiasis
Infection with protozoa of the genus TRYPANOSOMA.		0310
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.0810
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.0810
Viremia
The presence of viruses in the blood.		06.81132
Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		02.4120
Liver Failure
Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)		02.4120
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		012.56200
Hypotension, Postural
[description not available]		02.0110
Hypotension, Orthostatic
A significant drop in BLOOD PRESSURE after assuming a standing position. Orthostatic hypotension is a finding, and defined as a 20-mm Hg decrease in systolic pressure or a 10-mm Hg decrease in diastolic pressure 3 minutes after the person has risen from supine to standing. Symptoms generally include DIZZINESS, blurred vision, and SYNCOPE.		02.0110
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		03.821
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		19.29177
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		05.2162
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		05.2162
Recrudescence
[description not available]		02.4120
Nasal Catarrh
[description not available]		02.0110
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.		02.0110
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.		02.0110
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		02.7130
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		02.7130
Impotence
[description not available]		04.6532
Erectile Dysfunction
The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.		04.6532
Pulmonary Consumption
[description not available]		02.0110
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.		02.0110
Infection
[description not available]		03.411
Infections
Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.		03.411
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.		02.4120
Malnourishment
[description not available]		02.0110
Malnutrition
An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.		02.0110
Low Bone Density
[description not available]		02.0110
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		02.0110
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE.		02.0110
Nervous System Disorders
[description not available]		03.411
Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.		03.411
Congenital Micrognathia
[description not available]		02.0110
Lactic Acidosis
[description not available]		04.3111
Acidosis, Lactic
Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.		04.3111
Alopecia Cicatrisata
[description not available]		02.4320
Alopecia
Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.		02.4320
Injuries, Needlestick
[description not available]		02.9340
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome
[description not available]		04.3211
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.		04.3211
Adenoma, beta-Cell
[description not available]		02.0210
Insulinoma
A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.		07.0210
Blood Poisoning
[description not available]		02.0210
Intestinal Perforation
Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.		02.0210
Sepsis
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.		14.0210
Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis
[description not available]		02.0210
Infections, Retroviridae
[description not available]		02.730
Swine Diseases
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.		02.0210
Fibroma, Shope
[description not available]		02.0210
Retroviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.		02.730
Hepatitis
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.		02.7130
Cell Transformation, Viral
An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.		03.411
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		03.8221
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.		05.2922
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0210
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.		02.0210
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.		02.0210
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.		02.6930
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.		02.6930
Nausea
An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.		04.6532
Apoplexy
[description not available]		03.3520
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		02.0210
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		02.0210
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		03.3520
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		02.0210
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.0210
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		02.0210
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular
An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0210
Diathesis
[description not available]		02.0310
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.0310
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.0310
Addiction, Opioid
[description not available]		02.7130
Opioid-Related Disorders
Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or misuse of OPIOIDS.		02.7130
Hepatic Insufficiency
Conditions in which the LIVER functions fall below the normal ranges. Severe hepatic insufficiency may cause LIVER FAILURE or DEATH. Treatment may include LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.		03.4111
Carcinoma, Large Cell
A tumor of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of large size. It is usually bronchogenic. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0310
P carinii Infection
[description not available]		02.4220
Pneumocystis Infections
Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally.		02.4220
Coronary Heart Disease
[description not available]		02.0310
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.		02.0310
Cardiomyopathies, Primary
[description not available]		02.9510
Cardiomyopathies
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).		02.9510
Paronychia
An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)		07.0310
Drug Overdose
Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.		02.0410
Dunnigan Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0310
Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial
Inherited conditions characterized by the partial loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk (type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA.		02.0310
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0310
Angioblastic Meningioma
[description not available]		02.0310
Meningeal Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.		02.0310
Meningioma
A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)		07.0310
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		05.6321
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		05.6321
Dizzyness
[description not available]		03.4311
Bilateral Headache
[description not available]		03.4311
Drop Attack
[description not available]		03.4311
Dizziness
An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.		03.4311
Headache
The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.		03.4311
Syncope
A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)		03.4311
Cytomegaloviral Retinitis
[description not available]		04.341
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing, and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.		04.341
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
[description not available]		02.420
Symptom Cluster
[description not available]		07.35160
Syndrome
A characteristic symptom complex.		07.35160
Dementia Praecox
[description not available]		01.9910
AIDS Nephropathy
[description not available]		03.630
Schizophrenia
A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.		01.9910
AIDS-Associated Nephropathy
Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.		03.630
Di Guglielmo Disease
[description not available]		01.9910
Sarcoma, Epithelioid
[description not available]		01.9910
Cancer of the Uterus
[description not available]		01.9910
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.		01.9910
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.		01.9910
Uterine Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.		01.9910
Allergy, Drug
[description not available]		02.420
Hives
[description not available]		01.9910
Drug Hypersensitivity
Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.		02.420
Urticaria
A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.		06.9910
Diabetic Retinopathy
Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.		02.9110
Retinal Diseases
Diseases involving the RETINA.		02.9110
Peripheral Nerve Diseases
[description not available]		02.420
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.		02.420
Diseases in Twins
Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.		02.9110
Infant, Premature, Diseases
Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.		02.9110
Encephalitis, Viral
Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.		02.9110
Liver Dysfunction
[description not available]		02.420
Liver Diseases
Pathological processes of the LIVER.		02.420
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		0210
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		0210
Elevated Cholesterol
[description not available]		02.6930
Hypercholesterolemia
A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.		02.6930
Hypertriglyceridemia
A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.		0210
Autosomal Hemophilia A
[description not available]		02.420
Bleeding
[description not available]		0210
Hemophilia A
The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.		02.420
Hemorrhage
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.		0210
Bradyarrhythmia
[description not available]		02.420
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.		07.420
Taste Disorder, Anterior Tongue
[description not available]		0210
Kidney Failure
A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.		02.6930
Renal Insufficiency
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.		02.6930
AIDS Wasting Syndrome
[description not available]		03.3220
Nephrotic Syndrome
A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.		02.9110
HIV Wasting Syndrome
Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, p1611).		03.3220
Angiohemophilia
[description not available]		0210
von Willebrand Diseases
Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet adhesion.		0210
Deep Vein Thrombosis
[description not available]		0210
Venous Thrombosis
The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.		0210
Myelopathy
[description not available]		0210
Spinal Cord Diseases
Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.		0210
Erythema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.		0210
Celiac Sprue
[description not available]		0210
Enteropathy, Exudative
[description not available]		0210
Celiac Disease
A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.		0210
Protein-Losing Enteropathies
Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.		0210
Chronic Kidney Failure
[description not available]		0210
Kidney Failure, Chronic
The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.		0210
Weight Gain
Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.		03.3911
Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
[description not available]		0210
Transfusion Reaction
Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic (delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related to immunocompatibility.		0210
Bezoars
Concretions of swallowed hair, fruit or vegetable fibers, or similar substances found in the alimentary canal.		0210
Esophagitis
INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.		02.4120
Ulcer
A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.		0210
Dehydration
The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.		02.9110
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance
Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.		02.9110
Hypernatremia
Excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.9110
Sexually Transmitted Disease, Viral
[description not available]		02.9210
Infections, Parvoviridae
[description not available]		0210
Ergot Poisoning
[description not available]		0210
Infections, Pneumococcal
[description not available]		01.9910
Pneumococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.		01.9910
Cholera Infantum
[description not available]		0210
Frigidity
[description not available]		03.3911
Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological
Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked distress and interpersonal difficulty. (APA, DSM-IV, 1994)		03.3911
AIDS, Simian
[description not available]		0210
Bile Duct Obstruction
[description not available]		0210
Cholestasis
Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).		0210
Colicky Pain
[description not available]		0210
Abdominal Pain
Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.		0210
Anterior Horn Cell Disease
[description not available]		0210
Motor Neuron Disease
Diseases characterized by a selective degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of degeneration. In AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS there is involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes (see MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL) the motor neurons in the spinal cord are primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy (BULBAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE), the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem. In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected in isolation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)		0210
Kidney Stones
[description not available]		02.0110
Kidney Calculi
Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.		02.0110
Community Acquired Infection
[description not available]		02.0110
Bites, Human
Bites inflicted by humans.		02.0110
Thrombopenia
[description not available]		02.0110
Thrombocytopenia
A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.		02.0110
Exanthem
[description not available]		02.0110
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		02.0110
Asthenia
Clinical sign or symptom manifested as debility, or lack or loss of strength and energy.		02.0110
Exanthema
Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.		02.0110
Adhesive Capsulitis
[description not available]		07.0110
Bursitis
Inflammation or irritation of a SYNOVIAL BURSA, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin.		02.0110