Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Alcohol-induced hypogonadism is primarily due to a direct testicular toxicity of ethanol manifested by alcohol-induced reduced testosterone levels." | ( Eagon, PK; Gavaler, JS; Lester, R; van Thiel, DH, 1979) |
| "Hypogonadism is a distinct feature of acromegaly, even in the absence of hyperprolactinaemia." | ( de Lange, WE; Doorenbos, H; Sluiter, WJ; Verhoeff, AJ, 1990) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common finding in idiopathic hemochromatosis." | ( D'Costa, M; Siminoski, K; Walfish, PG, 1990) |
| "In conclusion, hypogonadism is very common in men with alcoholic liver disease." | ( Bell, H; Frey, H; Haug, E; Raknerud, N, 1990) |
| "Male hypogonadism is characterized by a lowering of plasma testosterone level below the lower limit of physiological variations." | ( Kuhn, JM; Laudat, MH; Luton, JP; Wolf, LM, 1987) |
| "In conclusion, hypogonadism is common in men with HIV infection and may be the first or most sensitive endocrine abnormality." | ( Dempsey, MA; Dobs, AS; Ladenson, PW; Polk, BF, 1988) |
| "Male hypogonadism is the best documented endocrine effect of chronic alcoholism." | ( Noth, RH; Walter, RM, 1984) |
| "Hypogonadism is a major manifestation of zinc deficiency in humans and animals, but the mechanisms responsible for this hypogonadism are unclear." | ( Gavaler, JS; McClain, CJ; Van Thiel, DH, 1984) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a major characteristic of patients with PWS, and it is speculated to be due to hypothalamic insufficiency." | ( Clayton, AH; O'Donnell, T; Shaw, HA; Warnock, JK, 1995) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a well known entity in highly trained female athletes." | ( De Slypere, JP; Dijs, H; Driessens, M; Naessens, G, 1995) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common finding in men, involving up to 5% of the population." | ( Plymate, S, 1994) |
| "Secondary hypogonadism is not an infrequent abnormality in older patients presenting with the primary complaint of erectile dysfunction." | ( Bansal, S; Guay, AT; Heatley, GJ, 1995) |
| "Delayed puberty and hypogonadism are frequently observed in patients with homozygous beta-thalassaemia." | ( Bontis, J; Georgiadis, G; Kokkas, B; Mandala, E; Mantalenakis, S; Pados, G; Papadimas, J; Sinakos, Z; Tarlatzis, B, 1996) |
| "If hypogonadism is diagnosed, resolution of flushing and normalization of 5-HIAA may be achieved with testosterone treatment." | ( Drake, AJ; Eisold, JF; Jasser, MZ; Shakir, KM; Yoshihashi, AK, 1996) |
| "Acquired hypogonadism is being increasingly recognized in adult men." | ( Anderson, EJ; Finkelstein, JS; Katznelson, L; Klibanski, A; Rosenthal, DI; Schoenfeld, DA, 1996) |
| "Although hypogonadism is a rare cause of erectile failure, impotent men are frequently treated with supplemental androgens." | ( Heaton, JP; Johnston, B; Lundie, M; Morales, A, 1997) |
| "Hypogonadism is well documented in HIV-infected men, particularly as they progress to AIDS and in those with symptoms of wasting." | ( Cofrancesco, J; Dobs, AS; Whalen, JJ, 1997) |
| "Unexpected hypogonadism is relatively common in impotent men, but testosterone replacement therapy has a low rate of improving erections." | ( Braatvedt, GD, 1999) |
| "Hypogonadism is prevalent among human immunodeficiency virus-infected men, in whom significantly reduced quality of life and mood disturbances have been reported." | ( Baaj, A; Basgoz, N; Corcoran, C; Grinspoon, S; Klibanski, A; Stanley, T, 2000) |
| "Male hypogonadism is characterised by androgen deficiency and infertility." | ( Nieschlag, E; Zitzmann, M, 2000) |
| "Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism is a common complication of intrathecal opioid therapy in both men and women." | ( Finch, PM; Hadlow, NC; Price, L; Pullan, PT; Roberts, LJ, 2000) |
| "Although hypogonadism is related to bone loss in men, and androgen levels decline with age in men, it is not at all clear that reduced androgen levels are related to bone loss in older men." | ( Katz, MS, 2000) |
| "Hypogonadism is an uncommon cause of erectile dysfunction." | ( Morales, A, 2000) |
| "Hypogonadism is the main indication for testosterone substitution in the ageing male." | ( Behre, HM; Nieschlag, E, 2000) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with osteoporosis in men." | ( Fallon, MA; Finkelstein, JS; Leder, BZ; Lee, ML; Smith, MR, 2001) |
| "Hypogonadism is one of the crucial risk factors for male osteopenia and osteoporosis." | ( Jankowska, EA; Medras, M; Rogucka, E, 2001) |
| "Nevertheless, hypogonadism is widely considered to be an important cause of male osteoporosis, occurring in up to 20% of men with vertebral fractures and 50% with hip fractures." | ( Francis, RM, 2001) |
| "Clinically evident hypogonadism is a clear indication for testosterone-substitution also in the ageing male, whereas in the case of the partial testosterone-deficit in the absence of sufficient data at this time no general recommendation for substitution can be given; one has to decide about a (experimental) therapy in the individual patient." | ( Gasser, RW, 2001) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is characterized by failure of gonadal function secondary to deficient gonadotropin secretion, resulting from either a pituitary or hypothalamic defect, and is commonly seen in association with structural lesions or functional defects affecting this region." | ( Bouloux, PM; MacColl, GS; Silveira, LF, 2002) |
| "In men, hypogonadism is a common cause of osteoporosis." | ( Benito, M; Cucchiara, A; Gomberg, B; Snyder, PJ; Song, HK; Weening, RH; Wehrli, FW; Wright, AC; Zemel, B, 2003) |
| "Central hypogonadism is associated to diabetes in 75%, dilated cardiomyopathy existed in 37." | ( Ashutantang, G; Biwole, M; Djoumessi, S; Mbakop, A; Nouedoui, C; Singwe, M, 2003) |
| "Secondary hypogonadism is more common than primary gonadal failure and is seen in chronic and acute illnesses." | ( Guay, AT; Hodge, MB; Jacobson, J; Perez, JB; Velasquez, E, 2003) |
| "However, hypogonadism is easily treated by testosterone replacement therapy, which may provide benefits such as mood improvement, increased bone density, and possibly reduced risk of type II diabetes." | ( Tenover, JS, 2003) |
| "Diagnosis of hypogonadism is based on clinical symptoms (eg, decreased muscle mass, fractures, loss of libido) and laboratory determinations of serum testosterone-usually total testosterone levels." | ( Tenover, JS, 2003) |
| "Hypogonadism is highly prevalent in HIV-infected patients and has been associated with the late stages of AIDS and AIDS wasting." | ( Hengge, UR, 2003) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in clinical practice but is frequently unrecognized and underdiagnosed." | ( Anawalt, BD; Grant, NN, 2003) |
| "Hypogonadism is common among men with chronic kidney disease, but few studies have directly assessed the effects of testosterone replacement in this population." | ( Johansen, KL, 2004) |
| "Secondary hypogonadism is characterized by insufficient production of pituitary gonadotropins, due either to pituitary failure or defects at the hypothalamic level." | ( Jockenhövel, F, 2004) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical situation characterised by a low serum testosterone level in combination with a diversity of symptoms and signs such as reduced libido and vitality, decreased muscle mass, increased fat mass and depression." | ( Svartberg, J, 2005) |
| "Hypogonadism is likely a fundamental component of metabolic syndrome." | ( Fisch, H; Makhsida, N; Shabsigh, R; Shah, J; Yan, G, 2005) |
| "Male hypogonadism is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased risk of fractures." | ( Doolman, R; Eshed, V; Karasik, A; Sela, BA; Shimon, I; Vered, I, 2005) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with central obesity; insulin resistance; low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL); high cholesterol levels; and high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator-1." | ( Katz, M; Makhsida, N; Shabsigh, R; Yan, G, 2005) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical syndrome characterized by a deficiency in serum androgen levels which may decrease sexual interest, quality of erections and quality of life." | ( Buvat, J; Gooren, LJ; Guay, AT; Kaufman, JM; Morales, A; Tan, HM; Torres, LO, 2004) |
| "Rarely hypogonadism is manifest in so young age with signs and symptoms, unless it is subsequent to severe events." | ( Casu, M; Giuberti, A; Manganini, V; Mazza, L; Picozzi, SC; Strada, GR; Viganò, P, 2005) |
| "Hypogonadism is often associated with diabetes and both conditions represent major risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED)." | ( Donati, S; Filippi, S; Forti, G; Luconi, M; Maggi, M; Morelli, A; Vignozzi, L; Zhang, XH, 2006) |
| "Hypogonadism is a medical condition characterised by testosterone deficiency in males, accompanied by numerous clinical symptoms, which can negatively affect quality of life and multiple organ systems." | ( McNicholas, T; Ong, T, 2006) |
| "Hypogonadism is not a common finding in ED, occurring in about 5% of cases, and in general, there is lack of association between serum testosterone levels, when present in normal or moderately low levels, and erectile function." | ( Mikhail, N, 2006) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common problem in men." | ( Kaminetsky, JC, 2005) |
| "The frequency of hypogonadism is higher when free testosterone levels are used for diagnosis." | ( Chuan-Nuez, P; Gil-Salom, M; Martínez-Jabaloyas, JM; Pastor-Hernández, F; Queipo-Zaragozá, A, 2006) |
| "Male hypogonadism is one of the most frequent, but also most underdiagnosed, endocrinopathies." | ( Nieschlag, E, 2006) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is associated with relatively mild testosterone deficiencies." | ( Saad, F; Yassin, AA, 2007) |
| "Hypogonadism is often observed in the presence of common acute and chronic illnesses in men." | ( Dobs, AS; Gavini, S; Kalyani, RR, 2007) |
| "Hypogonadism is assumed to be present in sarcoidosis." | ( Bouillon, R; Decramer, M; Demedts, MG; Gosselink, R; Spruit, MA; Thomeer, MJ; Van Herck, E; Wuyts, WA, 2007) |
| "1." | ( Dai, DZ; Dai, Y; Feng, Y; Ying, HJ; Zhang, Q, 2007) |
| "Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism is characteristically induced in men by intrathecal, transdermal, or sustained-action opioids." | ( Daniell, HW, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is highly prevalent in older men and men who have prostate cancer." | ( Khera, M; Lipshultz, LI, 2007) |
| "Its use in hypogonadism is well characterized and its development as a drug has undergone several modifications in an attempt to achieve clinical success." | ( Basaria, S; Edelstein, D; Shahani, S; Sivanandy, M, 2007) |
| "In ED patients, hypogonadism is often associated with reduced sexual desire and nocturnal penile erections, while association with sex-induced erection is less evident." | ( Ambrosini, S; Corona, G; Filippi, S; Forti, G; Maggi, M; Morelli, A; Vignozzi, L, 2007) |
| "Male hypogonadism is defined an inadequate gonadal function, as manifested by deficiency in gametogenesis and/or secretion of gonadal hormones." | ( Giannetta, E; Isidori, AM; Lenzi, A, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is manifest in all age groups, and a growing elderly population is requiring treatment for testosterone deficiency, presenting new safety challenges, as many of these individuals present with comorbidities and significant risk profiles." | ( Dobs, AS; Pfeil, E, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in men with myopathies, and with the importance of testosterone in the maintenance of muscle mass, treatment of hypogonadism should be considered." | ( Al-Harbi, TM; Bainbridge, LJ; McQueen, MJ; Tarnopolsky, MA, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with a range of disease states that have significant effects on morbidity and mortality, and also affect quality of life." | ( Behre, HM; Heinemann, L; Morales, A; Pexman-Fieth, C, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical syndrome that may cause significant detriment in the quality of life and adversely affect the function of multiple organ systems." | ( Averbeck, MA; Rhoden, EL; Teloken, PE, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a rare disease." | ( Delemarre, EM; Delemarre-van de Waal, HA; Felius, B, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common condition, especially among older men, but often goes undiagnosed and untreated." | ( Canty, DJ; Miner, M; Shabsigh, R, 2008) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with a range of disease states that have significant effects on morbidity and mortality and also affect quality of life." | ( Behre, H; Beintker, M, 2008) |
| "Male hypogonadism is characterised by decreased testicular function, especially testosterone deficiency." | ( Glander, HJ; Paasch, U; Stolzenburg, JU, 2009) |
| "Male hypogonadism is associated with increased PWV, which is rapidly but incompletely ameliorated by normalization of circulating testosterone levels." | ( Greenman, Y; Izkhakov, E; Limor, R; Osher, E; Rosenfeld, JB; Shenkerman, G; Stern, N; Tordjman, K; Yaron, M, 2009) |
| "Male hypogonadism is frequently associated with testopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and in middle-aged males." | ( Dai, DZ; Dai, Y; Liu, HR; Tang, XY; Ying, HJ; Zhang, Q, 2009) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common endocrine condition characterized by low levels of testosterone (T) and marked by numerous symptoms, one of which is low sexual desire." | ( Conaglen, HM; Conaglen, JV, 2009) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in HIV-infection." | ( Bretzel, RG; Discher, T; Lange, U; Lohmeyer, J; Stracke, H; Teichmann, J, 2009) |
| "Hypogonadism is highly prevalent in the elderly and in men with prostate cancer." | ( Gust, K; Hautmann, RE; Küfer, R; Rinnab, L, 2009) |
| "Persistence of hypogonadism is common in male patients with prolactinomas under dopamine agonist (DA) treatment." | ( Abucham, J; Ribeiro, RS, 2009) |
| "Congenital hypogonadism is frequently caused by chromosome abnormalities, particularly sex chromosomal aneuploidies." | ( Bassas Arnau, L, 2009) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical syndrome associated with a range of disease states that has significant effects on morbidity and mortality and also affects quality of life." | ( Averbeck, MA; Rhoden, EL, 2009) |
| "Hypogonadism is defined as a clinical syndrome complex, which comprises both symptoms as well as biochemical testosterone deficiency." | ( Hugh Jones, T, 2010) |
| "Male hypogonadism is based on an insufficient gonadal function, especially testosterone deficiency." | ( Popken, G, 2010) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical syndrome which may cause significant detriment in the quality of life." | ( Averbeck, MA; Rhoden, EL, 2009) |
| "Secondary hypogonadism is associated with obesity and primary hypogonadism predominately with age." | ( Bartfai, G; Boonen, S; Casanueva, FF; Finn, JD; Forti, G; Giwercman, A; Han, TS; Huhtaniemi, IT; Kula, K; Labrie, F; Lean, ME; Lee, DM; O'Neill, TW; Pendleton, N; Punab, M; Silman, AJ; Tajar, A; Vanderschueren, D; Wu, FC, 2010) |
| "Hypogonadism is also a risk factors for osteoporosis." | ( Gandini, L; Lenzi, A; Lombardo, F; Lupini, C; Meola, A; Pallotti, F, 2010) |
| "Male hypogonadism is commonly diagnosed on the basis of subphysiological concentrations of androgen hormones, and is associated with many symptoms present in advanced cancer." | ( Chaudhury, P; Hornby, L; Kilgour, R; Piccioni, M; Trutschnigg, B; Vigano, A, 2010) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men; the high concentration of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in this population, induces a "false increase" in total testosterone (TT) values." | ( Alfayate, R; Boix, V; Escoín, C; González-Sánchez, V; Mauri, M; Moreno-Pérez, O; Picó, A; Portilla, J; Sánchez-Payá, J; Serna-Candel, C, 2010) |
| "Hypogonadism is frequent in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)." | ( Aguirre, EC; Aquilano, DR; Arregger, AL; Cardoso, EM; Contreras, LN; Elbert, A; Tumilasci, EG, 2011) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a significant and growing problem that can be successfully treated with testosterone replacement therapy." | ( Brennan, JJ; Fitzpatrick, S; Garwin, JL; Kaufman, JM; McWhirter, C; Miller, MG, 2011) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is a clinical and biological syndrome associated with advancing age and characterized by typical symptoms and a deficiency in serum testosterone levels." | ( Bassil, N, 2011) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a condition characterized by inadequate testicular production of sex steroids and sperms; however, the term is more commonly used to identify testosterone (T) deficiency." | ( Corona, G; Forti, G; Maggi, M; Rastrelli, G, 2011) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is associated with enhanced RANKL activity." | ( Coman, I; Crişan, N; Pepene, CE, 2011) |
| "The causes of hypogonadism are heterogeneous and may involve any level of the reproductive system." | ( Eugster, EA; Viswanathan, V, 2011) |
| "Hypogonadism is a problem in 10% of the male CLSs." | ( Fosså, SD; Hamre, H; Kiserud, CE; Ruud, E; Thorsby, PM, 2012) |
| "Classic male hypogonadism is associated with known adverse effects including decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, and changes in body composition." | ( Basaria, S; Cattabiani, C; Ceda, GP; Lauretani, F; Luci, M; Maggio, M; Valenti, G; Vignali, A; Volpi, R, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most common morbidity in patients with transfusion-dependent anemias such as thalassemia major." | ( Coates, TD; Dongelyan, A; Hyderi, A; Mittelman, SD; Noetzli, LJ; Panigrahy, A; Wood, JC, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical condition that occurs due to infrequent abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in adolescence." | ( Akbulut, H; Aydin, T; Aydogan, U; Bolu, E; Eroglu, A; Gok, DE; Saglam, K; Sonmez, A; Yildiz, Y, 2012) |
| "Male hypogonadism is traditionally defined as the inadequate production of testosterone and impaired spermatozoa generation in the presence of elevated or reduced levels of gonadotropins." | ( Barbagallo, F; Gianfrilli, D; Giannetta, E; Isidori, AM; Lenzi, A, 2012) |
| "Obesity-associated hypogonadism is very prevalent in males with morbid obesity and is mostly reversed after sustained weight loss by bariatric surgery." | ( Alastrue, A; Balibrea, JM; Granada, ML; Martínez, E; Moreno, P; Navarro-Díaz, M; Olaizola, I; Pellitero, S; Puig-Domingo, M; Romero, R; Serra, A, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadism is a potential complication of haemochromatosis, usually seen in patients with severe iron overload and liver cirrhosis." | ( Bravenboer, B; Peters, W; Wlazlo, N, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is defined as the failure in production of gonadal hormones, thus resulting in lower amounts of testosterone." | ( Akbulut, H; Aydogan, U; Aydogdu, A; Basaran, Y; Bolu, E; Saglam, K; Sonmez, A; Uzun, O; Yuksel, S, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadism is common with opiate-like drug use and may contribute to cognitive abnormalities." | ( Dobs, AS; Selnes, OA; Wisniewski, AB; Xu, X; Zilbermint, MF, 2013) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common condition which occurs more frequently in older men." | ( Arver, S; Lunenfeld, B; Moncada, I; Rees, DA; Schulte, HM, 2012) |
| "Age-related hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome defined as a low serum testosterone level (< 11 nmol/l) with precise clinical symptoms: diminished libido, erectile dysfunction, and loss of morning erection." | ( Renneboog, B, 2012) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with obesity and other features of metabolic syndrome in males." | ( Arsenis, NC; Disanzo, BL; You, T, 2013) |
| "Hypogonadism is frequently diagnosed based on total testosterone (TT) levels alone." | ( Ashford, RL; Duarte, RV; Labib, M; Raphael, JH; Southall, JL, 2013) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in patients undertaking intrathecal opioid therapy for the management of chronic non-malignant pain; however, diagnostic criteria can influence the diagnosis of this side effect." | ( Ashford, RL; Duarte, RV; Labib, M; Raphael, JH; Southall, JL, 2013) |
| "The prevalence of hypogonadism is also high in men with diabetes and low testosterone is associated with both sexual dysfunction and a reduced response to oral therapy for ED." | ( Bhartia, M; Cole, N; Hackett, G; Kennedy, D; Raju, J; Wilkinson, P, 2013) |
| "Male hypogonadism is frequently accompanied with type 2 diabetes due to testicular dysfunction, but the origin of the pathogenesis is not known." | ( Cong, XD; Dai, DZ; Dai, Y; Ding, MJ; Liu, GL; Zhang, YM, 2013) |
| "Although hypogonadism is common in men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), testosterone levels after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in this population have not been reported." | ( Bhattacharya, RK; Blick, G; Khera, M; Kushner, H; Miner, MM, 2013) |
| "Hypogonadism is frequently observed in subjects with type 2 DM (T2DM) and especially those complaining of ED." | ( Corona, G; Maggi, M, 2013) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome that results from failure to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone, normal amounts of sperm, or both." | ( Basaria, S, 2014) |
| "Although male hypogonadism is associated with osteoporosis, estradiol is likely to be the more important hormone for bone health." | ( Irwig, MS, 2013) |
| "Male hypogonadism is common in the elderly and has been associated with increased risk of mortality." | ( Díez, JJ; García-Arévalo, C; Guerrero, MT; Iglesias, P; Macías, MC; Muñoz, A; Prado, F; Ridruejo, E; Tajada, P, 2014) |
| "Hypogonadism is common throughout the illness trajectory of patients with cancer." | ( Bruera, E; Del Fabbro, E; Dev, R, 2014) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most common endocrine disorder, which affects men of all age groups." | ( Kaminetsky, J; Udedibia, E, 2014) |
| "Our data show that hypogonadism is highly prevalent among Romanian patients with BTM, its presence being associated with higher iron overload and lower hemoglobin values." | ( Albu, A; Antonie, L; Barbu, CG; Fica, S; Vladareanu, F, 2014) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a common disorder that is associated with low bone density, poor muscle mass, anemia, and sexual dysfunction." | ( Bhasin, S; Cohen, LE; Nahata, L; Yu, RN, 2015) |
| "Hypogonadism is common, particularly in aging men." | ( Afiadata, A; Ellsworth, P, 2014) |
| "Hypogonadism is estimated to affect about 5 million American men, including both aged and young." | ( Adekola, L; Beattie, MC; Chen, H; Papadopoulos, V; Zirkin, BR, 2015) |
| "Both obesity and hypogonadism are independent risk factors for PrdGP4 in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and should be taken into account in localized prostate cancer management, to improve the therapeutic choice, especially when prostate sparing approach is considered." | ( Botto, H; Lebret, T; Molinie, V; Neuzillet, Y; Pichon, A; Radulescu, C; Raynaud, JP, 2015) |
| "Hypogonadism is a condition in which the endogenous secretion of testosterone is either insufficient or inadequate to maintain serum testosterone levels within normal range, and may manifest as a variety of signs and symptoms." | ( Golan, R; Ramasamy, R; Scovell, JM, 2015) |
| "The diagnosis of hypogonadism is based on consistent signs and symptoms of androgen deficiency and unequivocally low serum testosterone (below 300 ng/dL)." | ( Grumbo, R; Haight, D, 2015) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is an underdiagnosed and easily treated condition defined by low serum testosterone levels in men older than 65 years." | ( Bhattacharya, RK; Bhattacharya, SB, 2015) |
| "The term male hypogonadism is defined as the failure to maintain physiological concentrations of testosterone, a physiological quantity of sperm or the combination of both." | ( Christe, N; Meier, CA, 2015) |
| "Hypogonadism is seldom seen together with myopathy, although testosterone contributes to muscle strength." | ( Haq, T; Ikhtaire, S; Pathan, MF, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome, which results from the failure of the testes to produce physiologic levels of testosterone and a normal number of spermatozoa due to defects at one or more levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis." | ( Bhasin, S; Ross, A, 2016) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a common condition, with an increasing body of literature on diagnosis, implications, and management." | ( Mulhall, JP; Trost, LW, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most common endocrine abnormality in POEMS syndrome." | ( Cai, Q; Cao, X; Huang, X; Li, J; Wang, C; Yang, H; Zhou, D, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is classified into two major clinical entities, namely early-onset hypogonadism and late-onset hypogonadism." | ( Kobori, Y; Okada, H; Shin, T, 2016) |
| "Male hypogonadism is increasing in prevalence, particularly in the older male population." | ( Pickett, KA, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is defined as decreased testosterone levels in men." | ( Donatucci, CF; Heiselman, D; Iyengar, S; Knorr, J; Maggi, M; Paduch, DA, 2016) |
| "Male hypogonadism is characterized by inadequate production of Testosterone (T) (hypoandrogenism) and deficiencies in spermatogenesis." | ( Aydogdu, A; Swerdloff, RS, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is induced through direct inhibitory action of opioids on receptors within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axes as well as testosterone production within the testes." | ( O'Rourke, TK; Wosnitzer, MS, 2016) |
| "Male hypogonadism is defined as the deficiency of testosterone or sperm production synthesized by testicles or the deficiency of both." | ( Akpak, YK; Çağıltay, E; Çağlayan, S; Kaplan, M; Karaca, N; Öztin, H; Tığlıoğlu, M, 2016) |
| "Hypogonadism is more common in young men with SCI than in similarly aged men without SCI, suggesting that SCI should be identified as a risk factor for T deficiency and that routine screening for hypogonadism should be performed in the SCI population." | ( Blackman, MR; Groah, S; Nash, MS; Sullivan, SD; Tefera, E; Tinsley, E, 2017) |
| "Hypogonadism is broadly associated with increases in chronic comorbid conditions and health care costs." | ( Bodhani, A; Bonine, N; Grabner, M; Khandelwal, N; Khera, M; Palli, S, 2017) |
| "Hypothalamic hypogonadism is less clinically evident in men and the diagnosis is difficult to establish." | ( Berga, SL; Prokai, D, 2016) |
| "Patients with hypogonadism are at increased risk of cardiac and metabolic diseases and osteoporosis." | ( Aydogdu, A; Azal, O; Basaran, Y; Baskoy, K; Haymana, C; Meric, C; Sonmez, A; Tapan, S; Taslipinar, A; Yilmaz, MI, 2017) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common endocrine disorder in men with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its pathophysiology is poorly understood." | ( Amodeo, C; Amparo, FC; Carrero, JJ; Cobo, G; Cordeiro, AC; Lindholm, B, 2017) |
| "Patients with hypogonadism are at increased risk of cardiac and metabolic diseases." | ( Aydoğdu, A; Azal, O; Basaran, Y; Dinc, M; Erdem, O; Haymana, C; Ibrahimov, T; Meric, C; Sonmez, A; Soykut, B, 2017) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most common non-diabetic endocrinopathy in primary and secondary iron overload syndromes." | ( Cariboni, A; Dongiovanni, P; Lettieri, A; Macchi, C; Magni, P; Oleari, R; Romero-Ruiz, A; Ruscica, M; Steffani, L; Tena-Sempere, M; Valenti, L, 2017) |
| "Hypogonadism is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and worsened mortality, thus influencing physicians to recommend testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men." | ( Elkhoury, FF; Mills, JN; Rajfer, J; Rambhatla, A, 2017) |
| "Symptomatic hypogonadism is frequently associated with decreased libido and fatigue that contributes to lowered overall quality-of-life and worsening psychological health." | ( Akerman, J; Kovac, JR; Lipshultz, LI, 2017) |
| "Hypogonadism is independently associated to higher GS in localized PCa." | ( Albuquerque, GAML; Barbosa, JABA; Carvalho, PA; Coelho, RF; Cordeiro, MD; Cury, J; Fazoli, AJC; Gallucci, FP; Guglielmetti, GB; Nahas, WC; Nonemacher, H; Padovani, GP; Park, R; Pontes, J; Srougi, M, 2017) |
| "The symptoms of hypogonadism are considered to some factors like BMI and occupation too." | ( Mehrdad, M; Pakseresht, S; Rezasoltani, P; Samipoor, F, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common condition defined by the presence of low serum testosterone levels and hypogonadal symptoms, and most commonly treated using testosterone therapy (TTh)." | ( Khera, M; Pastuszak, AW; Sigalos, JT, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadism is a major complication in testicular cancer survivors, but its prevalence varies among studies." | ( Iwamoto, T; Joraku, A; Kawahara, T; Kawai, K; Kojima, T; Kurobe, M; Miyazaki, J; Nishiyama, H; Suetomi, T; Waku, N, 2018) |
| "The symptoms of hypogonadism are very frequent in the aging men." | ( Isidori, AM; Tsametis, CP, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadism is a frequent finding in male mRCC-patients at start of targeted therapies." | ( Albersen, M; Bastin, J; Bechter, O; Beuselinck, B; Clement, P; Decallonne, B; Dumez, H; Lerut, E; Oyen, R; Punie, K; Schöffski, P; Vanderschueren, D; Verbiest, A; Werbrouck, E; Wildiers, H; Woei-A-Jin, FJ; Wolter, P, 2019) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a disorder characterised by low levels of the hormone testosterone." | ( Belardo, A; Fanelli, G; Gevi, F; Zolla, L, 2018) |
| "Adult-onset hypogonadism is a syndrome often underdiagnosed, undertreated, or incompletely explored." | ( Defeudis, G; Gianfrilli, D; Isidori, AM; Lenzi, A; Mazzilli, R, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadism is highly prevalent among obese men with metabolic syndrome." | ( Bernasconi, L; Christ-Crain, M; Doerpfeld, S; Donath, MY; Ebrahimi, F; Mueller, B; Neyer, P; Schuetz, P; Straumann, S; Urwyler, SA, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a rare congenital disorder characterised by the deficiency and the absence of puberty and infertility." | ( Elboga, G; Sayiner, ZA, 2018) |
| "Male hypogonadism is an endocrine condition of testosterone deficiency with the potential to cause multiple morbidities and psychosocial complaints." | ( Zitzmann, M, 2018) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most well-recognised consequence of opioid use (prevalence 21–86%) which, however, may remain undiagnosed with potential adverse outcomes for the patients." | ( Chai, ST; Fountas, A; Karavitaki, N; Kourkouti, C, 2018) |
| "Adult-onset hypogonadism is used to define androgen deficiency and its associated symptoms commonly occurring in middle-aged and elderly men, who are unable to mount an adequate compensatory gonadotropin response but may also have an element of testicular failure." | ( Cardona Attard, C; Fava, S, 2019) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome characterized by low testosterone and symptoms of androgen deficiency." | ( Ahmed, HU; Gallagher, KA; Jayasena, CN; Miah, S; Minhas, S; Shah, TT; Tharakan, T; Winkler, M, 2019) |
| "Functional hypogonadism is prevalent in obese men, and we must be aware of this diagnosis." | ( Hohl, A; Rigon, FA; Ronsoni, MF; van de Sande-Lee, S, 2019) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is a clinical condition in the ageing male combining low concentrations of circulating testosterone and specific symptoms associated with impaired hormone production." | ( Chan, YM; Corona, G; Dohle, GR; Hackett, G; Hellstrom, WJG; Huhtaniemi, IT; Khera, M; Maggi, M; Palmert, MR; Rastrelli, G; Rey, RA; Salonia, A; Seminara, SB, 2019) |
| "Hypogonadism is a prevalent comorbidity with erectile disfunction (ED) and current guidelines recommend screening for hypogonadism with total testosterone (TT)." | ( Dinis, P; Morgado, A; Moura, ML; Silva, CM, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is mainly involved in this association, but a low sperm count in itself is a marker of general health." | ( Caretta, N; De Rocco Ponce, M; Di Mambro, A; Dipresa, S; Ferlin, A; Foresta, C; Garolla, A; Ghezzi, M; Palego, P; Plebani, M; Sartori, L; Selice, R; Valente, U, 2021) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most well recognised consequence of opioid use, but the inhibitory effects of opioid drugs on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and their negative effects on bone health also require attention." | ( Fountas, A; Karavitaki, N; Van Uum, S, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common endocrine dysfunction." | ( Arguello, M; Levy, S; Macki, M; Rao, SD, 2019) |
| "Hypogonadism is an independent predictor of lower CS cancer detection on systematic biopsy." | ( Calio, B; Choyke, P; Gaur, S; Jain, AL; Maruf, M; Merino, M; Pinto, PA; Sidana, A; Sugano, D; Turkbey, B; Wood, BJ, 2020) |
| "Functional hypogonadism is a common disorder among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and could be managed by first treating the underlying causes." | ( Carbone, MD; Castellana, M; De Pergola, G; Giagulli, VA; Guastamacchia, E; Pelusi, C; Ramunni, MI; Triggiani, V, 2020) |
| "When hypogonadism is correctly diagnosed and managed, no CV venous thromboembolism or prostate risk is observed." | ( Corona, G; Maggi, M; Torres, LO, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is prevalent during opioid treatment, but the effect of testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) on body composition, pain perception, and adrenal function is unclear." | ( Andersen, M; Andersen, PG; Bendix, E; Christensen, LL; Glintborg, D; Graven-Nielsen, T; Vaegter, HB, 2020) |
| "Male hypogonadism is "a clinical syndrome that results from failure of the testis to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or a normal number of spermatozoa due to pathology at one or more levels of the hypothalamic- pituitary-testicular axis"." | ( Baroni, S; Grande, G; Milardi, D; Pontecorvi, A; Urbani, A, 2020) |
| "Male hypogonadism is an endocrine condition of testosterone deficiency with the potential to cause multiple morbidities and psychosocial problems." | ( Zitzmann, M, 2020) |
| "Male hypogonadism is notoriously associated with altered lipid metabolism." | ( Belardo, A; Fanelli, G; Rinalducci, S; Savino, R; Zolla, L, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is a well-established consequence of opioid use." | ( Dobs, AS; Wehbeh, L, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is highly prevalent among not only patients with a history of prior treatment for cancer, but also among those patients with a new oncologic diagnosis who have not yet received any cancer therapy." | ( Brannigan, RE; Faw, CA, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected men." | ( Bertani, D; Carli, F; Cuomo, G; De Santis, MC; De Vincentis, S; Decaroli, MC; Diazzi, C; Fanelli, F; Guaraldi, G; Mezzullo, M; Milic, J; Morini, F; Pagotto, U; Rochira, V; Roli, L; Santi, D; Tagliavini, S; Tartaro, G; Trenti, T, 2021) |
| "Central hypogonadism is a clinical condition, characterized by sexual symptoms and low serum testosterone levels, due to an impaired function of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland." | ( Antonio, L; Ide, V; Vanderschueren, D, 2020) |
| "Hypogonadism is frequent in HIV-infected men and might impact on metabolic and sexual health." | ( Carriero, C; Castelli, F; Degli Antoni, M; Ferlin, A; Focà, E; Paghera, S; Pezzaioli, LC; Porcelli, T; Properzi, M; Quiros-Roldan, E, 2021) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome caused by testosterone deficiency." | ( Huang, SY; Liu, YH; Liu, ZJ; Zang, ZJ, 2021) |
| "Male hypogonadism is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fragility fracture risk." | ( Aguirre, L; Armamento-Villareal, R; Colleluori, G; Napoli, N; Qualls, C; Villareal, DT, 2021) |
| "The definition of hypogonadism is based on subnormal levels of circulating testosterone and on the occurrence of symptoms, which, however, are not much specific." | ( Dušková, M; Hill, M; Stárka, L, 2020) |
| "Symptoms of hypogonadism are often reported by subjects with normal serum testosterone (T) levels." | ( Dugas, M; Isidori, AM; Kliesch, S; Sandhowe-Klaverkamp, R; Sansone, A; Schlatt, S; Zitzmann, M, 2021) |
| "Male hypogonadism is defined as an abnormally low serum testosterone concentration or sperm count." | ( Cohen, ML; Irwig, MS; Libman, H; Smetana, GW, 2021) |
| "Both obesity and hypogonadism are common in older men which could additively exacerbate age-related declines in cognitive function." | ( Armamento-Villareal, R; Barnouin, Y; Celli, A; Gregori, G; Napoli, N; Paudyal, A; Qualls, C; Villareal, DT, 2021) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common comorbidity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men, although the real prevalence is difficult to be estimated." | ( Corona, G; Maggi, M; Pizzocaro, A; Rochira, V; Santi, D; Spaggiari, G; Vena, W, 2021) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical androgen insufficiency syndrome, becoming more prevalent with age." | ( de Kemp, VF; de Kort, LMO; Huijben, M; Lock, MTWT; van Breda, HMK, 2022) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is characterized by reduced serum testosterone." | ( Abdullah, DM; Abozaid, ER; El Kattawy, HA, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is poorly characterized in young-to-middle-aged people with HIV (PWH)." | ( Ajana, F; Bocket, L; Boufassa, F; Catalan, P; Cheret, A; Cornavin, P; Durand, E; Goujard, C; Lachâtre, M; Lion, G; Mole, M; Pasquet, A; Quertainmont, Y; Senneville, É; Soudan, B, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a disorder characterized by low levels of testosterone, but patients can either show normal insulin (insulin-sensitive (IS)) or over time they can become insulin-resistant (IR)." | ( Ceci, M; Zolla, L, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is a common clinical condition affecting men, with older men having an increased incidence." | ( Burnett, AL; Dobs, AS; Levy, JA, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome characterized by the diminished functional activity of the testis resulting in low levels of testosterone and/or spermatozoa." | ( Dhillo, WS; Jayasena, CN; Sharma, A, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is confirmed by measuring fasting serum total testosterone in the morning on at least 2 separate days, or free testosterone by equilibrium dialysis or calculated free testosterone in men with conditions that alter sex hormone-binding globulin or serum total testosterone near lower limit of normal." | ( Matsumoto, AM, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is associated with obesity, diabetes, and other comorbidities and also has been linked with increasing age; the primary therapy modality for this condition is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)." | ( Chen, R; Rajan, P; Tharakan, T, 2022) |
| "Functional hypogonadism is the most frequent form, and clomiphene citrate (CC) has been recently introduced as a possible off-label therapeutic option for these patients." | ( Baccini, M; Bartolomeo, N; De Pergola, G; Fanelli, F; Giagulli, VA; Lisco, G; Pagotto, U; Pelusi, C; Triggiani, V, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is defined as low circulating testosterone level associated with signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency." | ( Cappelli, C; Delbarba, A; Di Lodovico, E; Facondo, P; Ferlin, A; Maffezzoni, F; Pezzaioli, LC, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome of testosterone deficiency that presents with nonspecific symptoms of sexual dysfunction, fatigue, and decreased strength or muscle mass." | ( Rizzolo, D; Ugo-Neff, G, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with cardiovascular disease." | ( Ahmed, SF; Alimussina, M; Alves-Lopes, R; Amjad, SB; Brooksbank, K; Delles, C; Flett, M; Haddow, L; Lee, B; Lucas-Herald, AK; McCallum, L; Montezano, AC; O'Toole, S; Padmanabhan, S; Steven, M; Touyz, RM, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in men with sickle cell disease (SCD) with prevalence rates as high as 25%." | ( Burnett, AL; Musicki, B, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is frequent in male Cushing's disease, but it is reversible in most cases within one-year follow-up after remission." | ( Cui, Q; He, M; Ji, L; Li, Y; Lu, B; Ma, Z; Shen, M; Shou, X; Sun, Q; Wang, Q; Wang, Y; Wu, W; Ye, H; Zhang, S; Zhang, Z; Zhao, Y; Zheng, H, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is the most common form of hypopituitarism in men with macroprolactinoma." | ( Al Dahmani, KM; Almalki, MH; Aziz, F; Bashier, A; Beshyah, SA; Ekhzaimy, A; Mahzari, MM, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is associated with reduced quality of life and the development of co-morbidities including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidaemia." | ( Chen, R; Kang, J; Minhas, S; Tharakan, T, 2022) |
| "When hypogonadism is adequately diagnosed, T appropriately prescribed and subjects correctly followed up, no short-term increased risk of adverse events is observed." | ( Aversa, A; Calogero, A; Corona, G; Ferlin, A; Francavilla, S; Isidori, AM; Lanfranco, F; Maggi, M; Pivonello, R; Rochira, V, 2022) |
| "When hypogonadism is diagnosed, hormone replacement should be proposed by the age of 12 years ." | ( Rey, RA, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a congenital or acquired disorder that exerts a negative influence on various organ functions and can massively impair the quality of life through the relative or absolute deficiency of testosterone." | ( Diemer, T; Hauptmann, A; Rosellen, J; Wagenlehner, F, 2022) |
| "Male hypogonadism is a disorder characterized by low levels of the hormone testosterone and patients may also have insulin sensitivity (IS) or insulin resistance (IR), such that they show different clinical complications and different metabolic pathways." | ( Zolla, L, 2022) |
| "Hypogonadism is a worldwide problem among men causing sexual, physical and mental problems." | ( Beck, JJH; de Kemp, VF; De Kort, LMO; Huijben, M; Lock, MTWT; van Breda, HMK, 2023) |
| "Hypogonadism is common in male patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) who are under treatment with mitotane, but the phenomenon is underestimated, and its prevalence has been poorly studied." | ( Alberti, A; Berruti, A; Cappelli, C; Cosentini, D; Cremaschi, V; Delbarba, A; Facondo, P; Ferlin, A; Grisanti, S; Laganà, M; Pezzaioli, LC, 2023) |
| "Functional hypogonadism is a condition in which some, but not all, older men have low testosterone levels." | ( Aboumarzouk, OM; Al-Zoubi, RM; Albaba, B; Alwani, M; Kelly, D; Nettleship, J; Talib, R; Yassin, A, 2023) |
| "Functional hypogonadism is a condition characterized by low testosterone concentrations, occurring more commonly in men as they age." | ( Aboumarzouk, OM; Al-Zoubi, RM; Albaba, B; Kelly, D; Nettleship, J; Talib, R; Yassin, A, 2023) |
| "Hypogonadism is associated with a wide range of physical and psychological symptoms that can affect the overall health of men." | ( A Jannini, E; Hoang, L; Nguyen Cao, T; Nguyen Hoai, B; Pham Minh, Q, 2023) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is generally treated with testosterone replacement treatment." | ( Hiramatsu, I; Horie, S; Ishikawa, K; Kobayashi, K; Miyoshi, M; Miyoshi, Y; Nozaki, T; Ogasa, T; Shirai, M; Tsujimura, A; Uesaka, Y, 2023) |
| "Hypogonadism is a frequent finding among men living with HIV (MLWH) and it seems to occur earlier in comparison with the general male population." | ( De Vincentis, S; Rochira, V, 2023) |
| "Late-onset hypogonadism is the clinical entity characterised by low testosterone concentrations associated with clinical symptoms in the absence of organic disease in ageing men." | ( Armeni, E; Erel, CT; Fistonić, I; Goulis, DG; Hillard, T; Hirschberg, AL; Isidori, AM; Kanakis, GA; Lambrinoudaki, I; Meczekalski, B; Mendoza, N; Mueck, AO; Pofi, R; Rees, M; Simoncini, T; Stute, P; van Dijken, D, 2023) |