Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Hypercalcemia is very uncommon in small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung." | ( Bowman, DM; Dubé, WJ; Levitt, M, 1975) |
| "Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia is frequently observed in squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus." | ( Akoun, G; Hasson, I; Huchon, G; Marsac, J, 1976) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a potentially life-threatening metabolic disorder which may be effectively treated once its presence is recognized and its probable cause determined." | ( Berger, A; Pinkerton, R, 1976) |
| "The treatment of hypercalcemia is directed toward immediate correction of the electrolyte imbalance and long-term control." | ( Barry, JM; Carey, TC; Metcalfe, JB, 1978) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is a life-threatening problem that requires prompt therapy." | ( Ball, MF; Strauch, BS, 1976) |
| "We conclude that hypercalcemia is a common complication in hemodialysis patients on calcitriol and calcium carbonate." | ( Johnston, JR; Muhammedi, MA; Piraino, B; Puschett, JB; Rault, R, 1991) |
| "Bone metastases and hypercalcemia are common in patients with advanced cancer and may present major problems for physicians treating these patients." | ( Coleman, RE, 1991) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer." | ( Heller, G; Murphy, WK; O'Dwyer, PJ; Schulman, P; Warrell, RP, 1991) |
| "Because hypercalcemia is often discrete or intermittent, determinations of calcium levels should be repeated at least thrice." | ( Borensztein, P; Gardin, JP; Houillier, P; Paillard, M, 1991) |
| "Hypercalcemia is the most frequent paraneoplastic syndrome observed in cancer patients." | ( Yamaguchi, K, 1991) |
| "Malignant hypercalcemia is caused by both increased bone resorption and enhanced tubular reabsorption of calcium." | ( Burckhardt, P; Jaeger, P; Thiebaud, D, 1990) |
| "Fortuitous hypercalcemia is often discovered after a review of serum biochemical profile results." | ( Carothers, M; Chew, DJ, 1989) |
| "Hypercalcemia is not common in Hodgkin's disease, but in reported cases is often unassociated with bone involvement." | ( Donaldson, SS; Horning, SJ; Rieke, JW, 1989) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common life-threatening complication that often produces discomfort for the oncology patient." | ( Mahon, SM, 1989) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common cause of morbidity in cancer patients." | ( Anderson, CS; Need, AG; Olweny, CL, 1989) |
| "Intractable hypercalcemia is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with parathyroid carcinoma." | ( Alcock, NW; Bockman, RS; Issacs, M; Warrell, RP, 1987) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a frequent complication in patients with adult T-cell lymphoma." | ( Bunn, PA; Dodd, RC; Gray, TK; Williams, ME; Winkler, CF, 1986) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common biochemical abnormality." | ( Mason, RS, 1986) |
| "Hypercalcemia is sustained by an inability of the kidney to deal efficiently with a chronically increased calcium load." | ( Bijvoet, OL; Body, JJ; Elte, JW; Harinck, HI; Neijt, JP; Plantingh, AS; Sleeboom, HP; Wildiers, J, 1987) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with impaired urinary concentrating ability." | ( Booker, BB; Galla, JH; Luke, RG, 1986) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a postrenal transplant complication." | ( Bertoni, T; Bianchi, G; Elli, A; Palazzi, P; Quarto di Palo, F; Scabini, M; Vezzoli, G, 1986) |
| "Since hypercalcemia is thought to have a modifying effect on glucose metabolism, the possible influence of experimental hypercalcemia on peripheral insulin reaction was investigated in 6 healthy control subjects by the euglycemic clamp technique." | ( Chichini, G; Graf, H; Luger, A; Prager, R; Schernthaner, G, 1986) |
| "We conclude that hypercalcemia is a complication not infrequent at the late stages of cancers of the digestive organs, with the exception of gastric cancer, and a portent of a poor prognosis." | ( Furuta, S; Monno, S; Nagata, A, 1987) |
| "Hypercalcemia is frequently observed in patients with multiple myeloma and renal failure." | ( Barnes, JL; Kreisberg, R; Smolens, P, 1987) |
| "The mechanism of hypercalcemia is unknown but there is strong evidence for humoral factors that may or may not be related to parathyroid hormone." | ( Walker, IR, 1974) |
| "Hypercalcemia is common among patients with cancer and may be due to secretion by tumors of a humoral, calcemic, bone-resorbing factor or, alternatively, to skeletal metastases." | ( Stewart, AF, 1983) |
| "Hypercalcemia is common in patients after renal transplantation and may stimulate gastrin hypersecretion with associated peptic disease." | ( Banowsky, LH; Sarosdy, MF; Saylor, RP; Wright, LF, 1984) |
| "The pathogenesis of hypercalcemia is discussed: the eventuality of a tumoral osteoclast activating factor is suggested." | ( Casassus, P; D'Agay, MF; Desrues, J; Lortholary, P; Pariente, P; Tricot, G; Vannetzel, JM, 1983) |
| "Hypercalcemia is usually a reflection of increased bone resorption and/or gut absorption with the kidney playing a secondary role." | ( Agus, ZS; Goldfarb, S; Wasserstein, A, 1982) |
| "The hypercalcemia is best treated with excision of local recurrences; however, this surgery is most often palliative and seldom curative." | ( Aldinger, KA; Hickey, RC; Ibanez, ML; Samaan, NA, 1982) |
| "Persistent hypercalcemia is most often due to tumor." | ( Burke, MD, 1980) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients treated with calcium-containing phosphate binders and using the standard dialysate calcium concentration of 3." | ( Passlick-Deetjen, J; Ritz, E; Weinreich, T, 1995) |
| "When hypercalcemia is not evident in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism, in whom serum alkaline phosphatase and intact PTH levels are inappropriately increased, osteomalacia should be taken into consideration." | ( Demura, H; Imaki, T; Miyata, M; Obara, T; Oguchi, S; Sato, K; Shibasaki, T; Takemia, T; Tanaka, R; Tsushima, T, 1993) |
| "Hypercalcemia is seen in about 15% of patients with solid tumors." | ( Eto, S, 1994) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is mainly caused by inappropriately high concentrations of compounds which promote bone resorption, in particular PTH, PTHrP, or 1,25 (OH)2D3." | ( Schmid, C, 1994) |
| "Although hypercalcemia is more frequently found in T-cell leukaemia associated with human T lymphotropic lymphocyte type I, scattered reports indicate that patients with B-CLL can also be affected with this metabolic disturbance." | ( De Oliveira, MS; Esteves, C; Lerner, D, 1994) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a serious and common complication of malignancy." | ( Belani, CP; Chang, AY; Chapman, RA; Flores, JF; Hoff, JV; Pritchard, JD; Rude, RK, 1994) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a novel dose-limiting toxicity for cis-RA." | ( Avramis, VI; Khan, AA; Reynolds, CP; Villablanca, JG, 1993) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a very common electrolyte abnormality that is most often seen as a mild elevation in the setting of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism." | ( Bilezikian, JP, 1993) |
| "Hypercalcemia is relatively frequent in malignancy with or without osteolytic bone metastases." | ( Aquino, A; Bruni, S; Francini, G; Gonnelli, S; Maioli, E; Marsili, S; Petrioli, R, 1993) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a serious and not infrequent complication of malignant diseases; precise information about the incidence of hypercalcemia is not readily available." | ( Guinee, VF; Newman, BM; Taylor, SH; Vassilopoulou-Sellin, R, 1993) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with variety kinds of granulomatous diseases, including sarcoidosis and tuberculosis." | ( Morita, R; Ohnaka, Y; Takada, M; Yamamoto, I; Yuu, I, 1993) |
| "The mechanism of hypercalcemia is unclear but may be related to metabolic acidosis or may be promoted by the lactose effect (i." | ( Koivisto, M; Saarela, T; Similä, S, 1995) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common and serious complication associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and is considered to be caused by a tumor-derived factor, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)." | ( Bando, H; Hayashi, E; Matsumoto, F; Nagayama, M; Rikimaru, K, 1995) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a known complication of childhood malignancies but has never been reported to be associated with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in a pediatric patient." | ( McLean, TW; Pritchard, J, 1996) |
| "Hypercalcemia is often associated with a urinary concentration defect." | ( Nakahama, H; Nakanishi, T; Sugita, M, 1996) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a life-threatening disorder associated with malignancy." | ( Chisholm, MA; Mulloy, AL; Taylor, AT, 1996) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a well known complication of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)." | ( Kurth, KH; Löwik, CW; Papapoulos, SE; Schamhart, DH; Theuns, HM; Weissglas, MG, 1997) |
| "The attendant hypercalcemia is commonly poorly tolerated and induces a renal sodium leak and a decrease in extracellular fluid volume." | ( Blanchard, A; Houillier, P; Paillard, M, 1997) |
| "Hypercalcemia is hypothesized to be related to normal bone resorption in conjunction with impaired bone mineralization." | ( Barcia, JP; Langman, CB; Strife, CF, 1997) |
| "Hypercalcemia is rare in children, and bisphosphonates are relatively new agents for the treatment of hypercalcemia." | ( Akyüz, C; Büyükpamukçu, M; Hazar, V; Kutluk, MT; Varan, A, 1997) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with numerous chronic granulomatous processes and chronic infections." | ( Dockrell, DH; Poland, GA, 1997) |
| "Hypercalcemia is the most common metabolic disorder associated with malignancies." | ( Ago, CT; Videtic, GM; Winquist, EW, 1997) |
| "Hypercalcemia is an important complication in multiple myeloma as well as T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and is moderately common in high and intermediate grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." | ( Firkin, F; Grill, V; Schneider, H, 1998) |
| "Hypercalcemia is the consequence of increased calcium fluxes into extracellular fluid." | ( Bonjour, JP; Rizzoli, R, 1998) |
| "Hypercalcemia is frequently associated with a urinary concentrating defect and overt polyuria." | ( Christensen, BM; Earm, JH; Frøkiaer, J; Han, JS; Knepper, MA; Marples, D; Nielsen, S, 1998) |
| "Neonatal hypercalcemia is a rare condition often of unclear pathogenesis." | ( Bernardini, M; Boldrini, A; Bottone, U; Coccoli, L; Cuttano, A; Ghirri, P; Pellegrinetti, G; Riparbelli, C; Vuerich, M, 1999) |
| "Hypercalcemia is the single most important diagnostic finding." | ( Hirner, A; Kaminski, M; Lauschke, H; Stratmann, H, 2000) |
| "In varying degrees, hypercalcemia is typical of granulomatous disease but has not yet been reported in talcosis." | ( Goebel, U; Luft, FC; Schneider, W; Woywodt, A, 2000) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a life-threatening paraneoplastic syndrome which requires urgent medical treatment, since malignant hypercalcemia progresses very rapidly and induces several severe complications." | ( Aoki, T; Kaise, H; Koyanagi, Y; Kusama, M; Matsunaga, T; Nakamura, Y; Nakayama, S; Ota, D, 2000) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a recognised complication of sarcoidosis due to excess 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 production by macrophages." | ( Beynon, HL; Conron, M, 2000) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a well-known manifestation of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with a variety of malignancies." | ( Levine, EA; Paschold, EH; Thompson, JT, 2001) |
| "The complication of hypercalcemia is reported to occur only in 2." | ( Fujigaki, Y; Fukasawa, H; Furuya, R; Hishida, A; Kato, A; Yonemura, K, 2001) |
| "Hypercalcemia is usually defined as a serum calcium concentration greater than 12 mg/dL, corrected for the serum albumin concentration." | ( Solimando, DA, 2001) |
| "Hypercalcemia is one of the most frequent and serious complications in patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and is due to marked bone resorption by accumulation of osteoclasts (OCLs)." | ( Matsuoka, M; Mitsuya, H; Miyamoto, T; Nosaka, K; Sakai, T; Suda, T, 2002) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a potential dosage-related adverse effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid in patients with neuroblastoma." | ( Belden, TL; Ragucci, DP, 2002) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a serious complication of malignancies, but it is uncommon in acute leukemia." | ( Iwasaki, H; Kurosawa, M, 2002) |
| "Hypercalcemia is not known to be a common occurrence in patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)." | ( Jubinsky, PT, 2003) |
| "Hypercalcemia is one of the metabolic complications associated with cancer." | ( Iwase, M; Manabe, M; Nagumo, M; Takemi, T, 2003) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common, life-threatening metabolic disorder that can be associated with cancer." | ( Leyland-Jones, B, 2003) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with the development of PTE in renal transplant recipients." | ( Butterly, DW; Kurella, M; Smith, SR, 2003) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is a life-threatening medical emergency." | ( Pfeilschifter, J, 2003) |
| "Hypercalcemia is occasionally found in newborns with subcutaneous fat necrosis and carries potential life-threatening risk." | ( Chou, HC; Hsieh, WS; Hung, SH; Tsai, WY; Tsao, PN, 2003) |
| "Recurrent hypercalcemia is nevertheless difficult to control and antibodies against parathyroid hormone-related protein could be useful for that matter in selected patients who are not in the terminal stage of their disease." | ( Body, JJ, 2004) |
| "Osteolysis and hypercalcemia are observed in 5-15%, and 10%, respectively, of malignant lymphoma patients during their clinical course." | ( Fujimoto, M; Fujita, M; Honda, T; Ishida, T; Kuwajima, M; Mano, S; Matsuhashi, Y; Nagai, M; Shimoura, Y; Tamura, T; Tasaka, T; Uehara, E, 2004) |
| "Hypercalcemia is one of the complications of this therapy, and is thought to be not rare, though its frequency is not clearly documented." | ( Ikeda, Y; Takemoto, F, 2004) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare but potentially fatal complication during the management of childhood cancer." | ( Aerts, I; Chevret, L; Doz, F; Fattet, S; Garabedian, M; Kerdudo, C; Michon, J; Orbach, D; Pacquement, H, 2005) |
| "Hypercalcemia is an uncommon metabolic abnormality in children with ALL, but it can be life-threatening." | ( Anagnostatou, N; Briassoulis, G; Kalmanti, M; Mantadakis, E; Papavasiliou, ES; Smyrnaki, P; Spanaki, AM, 2005) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a manifestation of a variety of both benign and malignant diseases." | ( Donahue, L; John, V; Margouleff, D; Patel, N; Talwar, A, 2005) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a frequent complication of breast cancer which causes significant morbidity and mortality." | ( DeMauro, S; Wysolmerski, J, 2005) |
| "Although hypercalcemia is usually caused by primary hyperparathyroidism or malignancy, a number of other conditions can be important to consider." | ( Bilezikian, JP; Jacobs, TP, 2005) |
| "Her hypercalcemia is ascribed to exogenous calcitonin supplementation." | ( Chen, TH; Chen, WH; Chung, SY; Huang, CH; Lai, SL, 2005) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a frequently observed laboratory phenomenon in clinical practice." | ( Igaz, P; Tulassay, Z, 2005) |
| "Hypercalcemia is one of the complication of vitamin D and calcium carbonate administration in chronic renal failure, though the frequency and risk are not clearly documented." | ( Bito, Y; Fujita, Y; Kasumoto, H; Komaba, K; Nishioka, M; Shibuya, K; Shin, J; Shinko, S; Yamamoto, T, 2005) |
| "Drug-induced hypercalcemia is caused by increased bone resorption (vitamin D and vitamin A intoxication), increased calcium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract (vitamin D intoxication, excessive intake of calcium) or increased calcium reabsorption in the renal tubules (thiazide diuretics)." | ( Sato, K, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with high disease activity and may contribute to suppression of PTH secretion and vitamin D hormone synthesis." | ( Eidner, T; Franke, S; Hein, G; Lehmann, G; Müller, A; Oelzner, P; Wolf, G, 2006) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is frequently and life-threatening in the ED." | ( Chen, HC; Kung, CT; Lam, KK; Lee, CT; Tsai, CJ; Yang, CC, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common problem in renal transplant recipients, although in most cases, spontaneous resolution occurs within 1 year after renal transplantation." | ( Afsar, B; Akçay, A; Akgul, A; Haberal, M; Ozdemir, FN; Usluoğullari, C, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is not uncommon among Nigerian patients with newly diagnosed TB, but it is rarely symptomatic." | ( Dosumu, EA; Momoh, JA, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a frequent complication in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients." | ( Dahmani, A; Durand, D; Huart, A; Kamar, N; Lanau, JM; Rostaing, L, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is commonly associated with cancer, occurring in around 10-20% of cancer patients." | ( Azar, S; Barake, M; Sawaya, R; Seif, FE, 2006) |
| "Hypercalcemia is relatively rare but clinically important complication in childhood leukemic patients." | ( Chin, M; Endo, M; Goi, K; Goto, H; Hama, A; Hirose, K; Imaizumi, M; Inaba, T; Inada, H; Inukai, T; Kawamura, N; Kurosawa, H; Miyaji, R; Miyajima, Y; Morimoto, A; Nagatoshi, Y; Nakazawa, S; Oda, M; Ohtake, M; Ohtsuka, Y; Saito, M; Sugita, K; Tawa, A; Yanai, F, 2007) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a highly prevalent complication of sarcoidosis." | ( Ackermann, D, 2007) |
| "Tumor-induced hypercalcemia is a frequent complication of advanced cancers, but it has been rarely reported in patients with sarcoma." | ( Badiei, Z; Hiradfar, M; Vakili, R; Zabolinejad, N, 2007) |
| "Usually, hypercalcemia is associated with malignancy, primary hyperparathyroidism, and chronic granulomatous disorders." | ( Wick, JY, 2007) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is the leading cause of death in patients with parathyroid carcinoma." | ( Cernea, CR; Chammas, MC; Cordeiro, AC; Juliano, AG; Montenegro, FL, 2008) |
| "Persistent SHP with hypercalcemia is an important factor of bone loss after renal transplantation." | ( Bergua, C; Campistol, JM; Fuster, D; Gutierrez-Dalmau, A; Oppenheimer, F; Torregrosa, JV, 2008) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common clinical finding with primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy accounting for most cases." | ( Fritchie, K; Grenache, DG; Zedek, D, 2009) |
| "Hypercalcemia is an important etiology to consider in the evaluation of acute pancreatitis." | ( Bultron, G; Husain, SZ; Latif, SU; Park, AJ; Pashankar, DS; Phatak, UP, 2008) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a life-threatening disorder and is related primarily to neoplastic diseases and primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism." | ( A Galvão, PC; Callas, SH; Kalil-Filho, R; Titan, SM; Uip, DE, 2009) |
| "Hypercalcemia is common in patients with malignancy and is associated with potentially life-threatening sequelae." | ( Linneman, T; McMahan, J, 2009) |
| "Hypercalcemia is rare and when it is diagnosed, primary hyperparathyroidism should be ruled out." | ( Altman, A; Green, I, 2009) |
| "In most cases, hypercalcemia is due to osteoclastic bone resorption, and agents that inhibit or destroy osteoclasts are, therefore, effective treatments." | ( Germain-Lee, EL; Levine, MA; Lietman, SA, 2010) |
| "The magnitude of hypercalcemia is the key consideration in determining the need for immediate and aggressive therapy." | ( Ciccone, S; De Sanctis, V; Fiscina, B, 2010) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication in renal transplant recipients and has been associated with nephrocalcinosis and poor graft outcome." | ( Bammens, B; Claes, K; Evenepoel, P; Kuypers, D; Meijers, BK; Vanrenterghem, Y, 2010) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a significant complication of certain human malignancies that is primarily caused by the release of calcium from bone due to marked bone resorption by osteoclast activation." | ( Enomoto, T; Furuya, Y; Miyazaki, J; Mori, K; Tomimori, Y; Yasuda, H, 2011) |
| "Transient hypercalcemia is observed in up to 66% of the renal transplant recipients." | ( Evenepoel, P, 2011) |
| "Hypercalcemia is rare in neonates but may be associated with hypophosphatemia in Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates who are on parenteral nutrition without adequate phosphate supplementation." | ( Bhat, SR; Iyengar, A; Nesargi, SV; Rao P N, S, 2012) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a relatively common clinical problem, mainly (>90%) related to primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and malignancies." | ( Basso, SM; Bui, F; Cecchin, D; Lumachi, F; Motta, R; Zucchetta, P, 2011) |
| "osteolytic hypercalcemia is still relevant from an etiological point of view, but should not be considered as a rigid alternative since both mechanisms may be active in the same patients and the activation of the RANKL pathway is a common pathogenetic mechanism." | ( Basso, U; Camozzi, V; Luisetto, G; Lumachi, F; Maruzzo, M; Roma, A, 2011) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare metabolic disorder in course of B cell lymphoma." | ( Amoroso, A; Barbano, B; Cianci, R; Gasperini, ML; Gigante, A; Liberatori, M, 2011) |
| "While hypercalcemia is one of the complications of various types of cancerous diseases, it has rarely been reported as the first presentation of IVLBCL." | ( Chinen, Y; Horiike, S; Kiyota, M; Kuroda, J; Nakao, M; Sugitani-Yamamoto, M; Taniwaki, M, 2011) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a relatively common clinical finding." | ( Endres, DB, 2012) |
| "Once hypercalcemia is confirmed by ionized calcium measurement, the intact PTH assay plays a crucial role to differentiate PTH-mediated from non-PTH-mediated hypercalcemia." | ( Basso, SM; Camozzi, V; Cappelletti, P; Luisetto, G; Lumachi, F; Tozzoli, R, 2012) |
| "Profound hypercalcemia is usually due to underlying malignancy." | ( Benson, KA; Chan, C; Kwun, SY; Zhang, JT, 2012) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a potential adverse effect of calcium-containing ion exchange resins, often used in the treatment and prevention of hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD)." | ( Arroyo, D; García de Vinuesa, S; Goicoechea, M; Luño, J; Panizo, N; Verdalles, U, 2012) |
| "Hypercalcemia is mainly caused by bone resorption due to either secretion of cytokines including parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) or bone metastases." | ( Hassali, MA; Hassan, BA; Othman, SB; Weiderpass, E; Yusoff, ZB, 2012) |
| "This relative fetal hypercalcemia is crucial for skeletal development and is maintained irrespectively of maternal serum calcium levels." | ( Brennan, SC; Chang, W; Riccardi, D, 2013) |
| "Hypercalcemia is in many cases a symptom of advanced stage malignant diseases due to increased resorption and reduced secretion." | ( Gawliczek, A; Hopfer, O; Kiehl, MG, 2013) |
| "Hypercalcemia is rare in children with etiology different from adults." | ( Efthymiadou, A; Gkentzi, D; Karana-Ginopoulou, A; Kolyva, S; Varvarigou, A, 2014) |
| "Pancreatitis due to hypercalcemia is very rare in children, and its pathogenetic role is still debated." | ( Calvo, L; Corrias, A; de Sanctis, L; Feyles, F; Mussa, A; Peiretti, V; Santanera, A; Tessaris, D, 2014) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication of malignancy and portends a worse prognosis." | ( Pani, A; Reagan, P; Rosner, MH, 2014) |
| "Persistent hypercalcemia is a marker of an increased risk of bone disease deterioration in these patients." | ( Barros, X; Torregrosa, JV, 2013) |
| "PTH-dependent hypercalcemia is mainly caused by primary hyperparathyreosis." | ( Matikainen, N, 2014) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare complication of hypervitaminosis A." | ( Filbrun, AG; Nasr, SZ; Safi, KH, 2014) |
| "Hypercalcemia is not uncommon during the recovery phase of ATN." | ( Hechanova, LA; Sadjadi, SA, 2014) |
| "Hypercalcemia is an increased level of calcium in the blood." | ( Meng, QH; Wagar, EA, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a known side effect of the disease and in rare instances has been shown to cause ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram testing that mimics myocardial infarction." | ( Braun, MM; Hermann, S; Layton, M; Overbeek-Wager, E; Petersen, K; Trowbridge, D, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication of cancer with PTHrP an important mediator." | ( Achong, N; Donovan, PJ; Galligan, J; Griffin, K; McLeod, DS; Pretorius, CJ, 2015) |
| "PTHrP-mediated hypercalcemia is most frequently caused by solid organ malignancy, and it portends a poor prognosis." | ( Achong, N; Donovan, PJ; Galligan, J; Griffin, K; McLeod, DS; Pretorius, CJ, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is found frequently in patients with cancer." | ( Borba, VZ; Carvalho, Md; Costa, TM; Gomes, Lda S; Kulak, CA; Vasconcelos, EC, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is often observed in postmenopausal women as well as in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism or malignant tumors." | ( Funakami, Y; Ito, Y; Kawasaki, N; Nagai, N; Ogata, F; Okamoto, N; Shimomura, Y, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common condition in the internal medicine practice." | ( Furlanetto, TW; Rados, DV, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is the most common oncologic metabolic emergency but very rarely observed in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumour, which is a rare mesenchymal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Boysen, AK; Harsløf, T; Hygum, K; Langdahl, BL; Rossen, PB; Safwat, AA; Wulff, CN, 2015) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a potentionally life-threatening and relatively common clinical problem, which is mostly associated with hyperparathyroidism and/or malignant diseases (90 %)." | ( Žofková, I, 2016) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is often considered an emergency because of a potential risk of cardiac arrest or coma." | ( Batard, E; Guimard, C; Lavainne, F; Trewick, D, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is most prevalent in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the nongerminal cell subtype." | ( Reagan, JL; Rome, RS; Shallis, RM, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is commonly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats." | ( Chang, YM; Elliott, J; Geddes, RF; Jepson, RE; van den Broek, DHN; Williams, TL, 2018) |
| "Post-transplant hypercalcemia is a major problem in renal transplant recipients, which may negatively affect both graft and patient survival." | ( Demir, E; Karaoglan, C; Sair, B; Sever, MS; Turkmen, A; Yazici, H; Yegen, G, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is not a rare event and can lead to severe consequences." | ( Dobrokhotov, AC; Fourcade, J; Gauchez, AS; Jalbert, M; Mignot, A, 2018) |
| "Parathyroid-related hypercalcemia is due to primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) or to familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH)." | ( Baron, S; Bertocchio, JP; Cormier, C; Courbebaisse, M; Houillier, P; Koumakis, E; Maruani, G; Nissen, PH; Prot-Bertoye, C; Rejnmark, L; Silve, C; Souberbielle, JC; Tafflet, M; Vargas-Poussou, R, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a significant reason of subcutaneous fat necrosis and needs an intervention involving hyperhydration, calcitonin, diuretics, steroids and sometimes bisphosphonate in resistant cases." | ( Alsofyani, KA, 2018) |
| "However, in PGA, hypercalcemia is only briefly mentioned, and generalized osteosclerosis is not reported, although NOD2 regulates NF-κB signaling essential for osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function." | ( Bijanki, VN; Boden, MG; Buchbinder, D; Gottesman, GS; Lim, E; McAlister, WH; Mumm, S; Nenninger, A; Trinh, L; Veis, DJ; Whyte, MP, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is an unreported consequence of GCHN with an unclear mechanism." | ( Clifton-Bligh, RJ; Gild, ML; Gill, AJ; Samra, J; Tacon, L; Tsang, V, 2018) |
| "BACKGROUND Hypercalcemia is a common complication in the intensive care unit (ICU)." | ( El Madhoun, I; El Zeer, HS; Khatib, M; Mahmoud, S; Mitwally, H, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common feature of malignancy, bone metabolic conditions and granulomatous disorders." | ( Goldman, A; Staub, H; Wollina, U, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare and unusual complication of childhood malignancies." | ( Dhivyalakshmi, J; Dhivyasree, S; Sankaranarayanan, S; Scott, JX, 2018) |
| "As hypercalcemia is a serious metabolic complication, a gradual dose reduction should be considered when interruption of high dose denosumab therapy is planned." | ( Brazeau-Lamontagne, L; Dufresne, J; Huot Daneault, A; Massicotte, MH; Roux, S, 2019) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is a life-threatening condition and requires immediate intensive treatment." | ( Cetani, F; Marcocci, C; Saponaro, F, 2018) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a severe complication in cases of vitamin D intoxication that can result in metastatic calcification." | ( Fukasawa, H; Furuya, R; Ide, S; Ishibuchi, K; Kaneko, M; Niwa, H; Yasuda, H, 2019) |
| "Vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia is an uncommon complication of Pneumocystis infection." | ( Aesif, SW; Matson, KM; Taylor, LN, 2019) |
| "SCC-associated hypercalcemia is a well-known paraneoplastic syndrome; however RSCC-associated hypercalcemia is a rare condition." | ( Coşkun, HŞ; Eryilmaz, MK; Musri, FY; Mutlu, H; Salim, DK; Tazegul, G, 2019) |
| "Hypercalcemia is thought to be due to increased production of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1-25D), but 1-25D levels have not been evaluated in sarcoidosis patients with renal dysfunction." | ( Date, R; Fujii, T; Hasegawa, E; Hayami, N; Hiramatsu, R; Hoshino, J; Kawada, M; Kinowaki, K; Mizuno, H; Oguro, M; Ohashi, K; Oshima, Y; Sawa, N; Sekine, A; Sumida, K; Suwabe, T; Takaichi, K; Toriu, N; Ubara, Y; Ueno, T; Yamanouchi, M, 2019) |
| "Malignancy-induced hypercalcemia is a very rare condition in children whereas it is more common among adult patients with malignancy." | ( Colak, U; Hatun, S; Kayserili, H; Mutlu, GY; Sozmen, BO; Yucel, EB, 2019) |
| "Although hypercalcemia is a risk factor for all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients, it remains unknown whether hypercalcemia increases the risk of infection-related death." | ( Arase, H; Kitazono, T; Nakano, T; Taniguchi, M; Tokumoto, M; Tsuruya, K; Yamada, S; Yoshida, H, 2020) |
| "Hypercalcemia is usually secondary to one etiology, although two coexisting etiologies can rarely cause hypercalcemia." | ( Kamejima, S; Kobayashi, A; Nakashima, A; Ohkido, I; Uchiyama, T; Yamamoto, I; Yokoo, T, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare complication of granulomatous disease." | ( Aryal, A; Chakrawarty, A; Dey, AB; Painkra, B; Rao, AR; Thakral, M, 2020) |
| "Hypercalcemia is determined as an increase in the serum calcium level (above 10." | ( Diker, N; Seker, ED; Unver, T; Vardar, F; Yucesoy, T, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is commonly observed in cats with azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD)." | ( Biourge, V; Chang, YM; Elliott, J; Geddes, RF; Jepson, RE; van den Broek, DHN, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare disorder among Nephrology Department patients, which primary etiology is malignancy and medications having hypercalcemizing effect." | ( Królewicz, K; Niemczyk, S; Steć, Z, 2021) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is often associated with uncontrolled malignancy through several mechanisms." | ( Issa, M; Johnson, K; Monk, P; Mortazavi, A; Parikh, A; Yang, Y; Yin, M, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare side effect of ATRA and it may be potentiated after interaction of ATRA with azole group antifungals." | ( Afacan Ozturk, HB; Akyol, P; Albayrak, M; Malkan, UY; Maral, S; Reis Aras, M; Tiglioglu, M; Yilmaz, F, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is common in patients after kidney transplantation (KTx) and is associated with persistent hyperparathyroidism in the majority of cases." | ( Garcia, TMP; Molina, CAF; Moyses-Neto, M; Muglia, VA; Nardin, MEP; Romao, EA, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common paraneoplastic syndrome which can occur in up to 10% of patients with advanced neoplasms." | ( Colao, A; Faggiano, A; Giannetta, E; Grossrubatscher, EM; Guarnotta, V; Modica, R; Ragni, A; Sesti, F; Zanata, I, 2021) |
| "When the cause of hypercalcemia is elusive, a focus on mechanism and review of prior reported cases is key to successful determination of the etiology." | ( Bilezikian, JP; Motlaghzadeh, Y; Sellmeyer, DE, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a clinical emergency which can cause hypercalcemic crisis and even endanger patients' lives." | ( Bu, R; Shi, W; Wang, X; Xu, L; Yang, J, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a known side effect of retinoids." | ( Berthold, F; Hero, B; Hoemberg, M; Schwenzfeur, R; Simon, T, 2022) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is a medical emergency that requires immediate and aggressive management." | ( Kaur, P; Kuchay, MS; Mathew, A; Mishra, SK, 2021) |
| "Hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is classified as acquired hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (AHH) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH)." | ( Kaku, K; Kamei, S; Kaneto, H; Kimura, T; Kohara, K; Mune, T; Nakanishi, S; Obata, A; Sanada, J; Shimoda, M; Tatsumi, F, 2021) |
| "Thiazide-induced hypercalcemia is mainly explained by enhanced renal proximal calcium reabsorption, changing preexistent asymptomatic normocalcemic or intermittently hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism into the classic hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism." | ( Blanchard, A; Kamenický, P; Lecoq, AL; Livrozet, M, 2021) |
| "Hypo- and hypercalcemia are common and some causes require urgent diagnosis and treatment." | ( Alhenc-Gelas, M; Bachmeyer, C; Grateau, G; Lefevre, G; Letavernier, E; M'Bappe, P; Ouahabi, S; Steichen, O, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication in cancer patients Mainly caused by Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) secretion and metastasis." | ( Blanco Molina, MA; Contreras González, MJ; Gálvez-Moreno, MA; González Menchen, A; Guerrero Martínez, MDC; Herrera-Martínez, AD; Herrera-Martínez, Y; Luque, RM; Moreno-Vega, AL; Pedraza-Arévalo, S; Rodrigo Martínez, Á, 2021) |
| "Refractory hypercalcemia is one of the major complications of parathyroid carcinoma." | ( Alwan, H; Bongiovanni, M; Kopp, PA; Roukain, A; Sykiotis, GP, 2021) |
| "Hypercalcemia is defined by a serum calcium concentration >10." | ( Azevedo, PS; de Paiva, SAR; Junior, ELF; Martins, D; Minicucci, MF; Okoshi, MP; Pereira, FWL; Polegato, BF; Queiroz, DAR; Silva, TAAL; Tonon, CR; Zornoff, LAM, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats, but studies assessing the physiologically relevant ionized calcium fraction are lacking." | ( Chang, YM; Elliott, J; Geddes, RF; Jepson, RE; Lötter, NS; van den Broek, DHN, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a common complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and unfortunately contributes to nerve injury." | ( Cao, Y; Sun, H; Wang, Z; Xiong, Y, 2023) |
| "BACKGROUND Severe hypercalcemia is a life-threatening medical emergency." | ( Al Zaghal, E; Dahal, PH; Kc, O; Koirala, M, 2022) |
| "Malignancy-related hypercalcemia is a leading cause of hypercalcemia among hospitalized patients that carries poor prognosis." | ( Nowak, G; Sanchez, B; Scheen, M; Teta, D, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a known side effect of CPS." | ( Beugelink, L; de Groot, DM; van Etten, RW, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is sometimes observed in patients with cirrhosis, but very little is known about the epidemiology in patients with hypercalcemia of chronic liver disease (HCLD) or how its presence may modulate the overall mortality risk." | ( Chen, ZZ; Erlikh, N; Groysman, A; Majety, P; Westcott, GP, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a rare condition in pregnancy." | ( Goldfinger, J; Györkös, A; Kalmár, T; Kovács, M; Sohár, G; Tőke, J; Tóth, M; Vajda, G, 2022) |
| "Mild hypercalcemia is typically asymptomatic, while severe hypercalcemia is associated with nausea, vomiting, dehydration, confusion, somnolence, and coma." | ( Shane, E; Walker, MD, 2022) |
| "Hypercalcemia is a frequent condition in clinical practice and when the most frequent causes are excluded, etiological diagnosis can be challenging." | ( Andrade, GB; de Araújo, WM; de Carvalho, DSL; de Jesus Teixeira, ABM; Oliveira, IC; Rezende, RC; Rodrigues, MLD, 2023) |
| "Cancer-related hypercalcemia is a common finding typically seen in patients with advanced cancer and occurs in about 20 to 30 percent of cases." | ( Almuradova, E; Cicin, I, 2023) |
| "Severe hypercalcemia is common and malignancy-related in almost half of the cases." | ( Exadaktylos, AK; Haidinger, M; Lafranchi, A; Lindner, G; Ravioli, S, 2023) |
| "Hypercalcemia is most commonly the result of hyperparathyroidism and together with hypercalcemia of malignancy accounts for over 95% of cases." | ( Fadel, OE; Kenkare, A; Zhang, J, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "The usual medical treatment for hypercalcemia failed; however, the treatment with combined orally administered phosphate and calcitonin was successful." | ( Brautbar, N; Luboshitzky, R, 1977) |
| "Gallium nitrate is effective in the treatment of hypercalcemia associated with malignancy and is appropriate for formulary addition." | ( Hansen, LA; Hughes, TE, 1992) |
| "All three are useful for the treatment of hypercalcemia, but pamidronate seems to be the most effective." | ( Coleman, RE, 1991) |
| "At the same time, new agents for the treatment of hypercalcemia are becoming available, most notably the bisphosphonate drugs." | ( Nissenson, RA; Strewler, GJ, 1990) |
| "Many agents are available for the treatment of hypercalcemia." | ( Bar, RS; Hall, TG; Schaiff, RA, 1989) |
| "The fact that both treatments produced hypercalcemia but had opposite effects on the concentration of Pi does not agree with the idea that the hypophosphatemic response to calcitriol might be secondary to the hypercalcemia which precedes it." | ( Narbaitz, R; Rad, JS, 1989) |
| "The different drugs available for treating hypercalcemia are described, and the rationale for their use is discussed." | ( Ariel, IM; Kempner, R, 1988) |
| "Therefore, 146 trials of treatment for hypercalcemia between 1980 and 1983 at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, were evaluated retrospectively." | ( Abe, K; Adachi, I; Kimura, S; Matsubara, H; Sato, Y; Suemasu, K; Suzuki, M; Yamaguchi, K, 1986) |
| "Glucocorticoids are often used to treat hypercalcemia due to vitamin D overdosage." | ( Lindgren, U; Sjöden, G, 1985) |
| "Following 48 hours of unsuccessful treatment of hypercalcemia using Baxter 2." | ( Mars, RL, 1993) |
| "With this treatment hypercalcemia was maintained for 2 months." | ( Amaya Aleixandre de Artiñano, M; Hernandez García, R; Puerro Vicente, M, 1993) |
| "Effective treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy may improve patients' quality of life, although an episode of hypercalcemia is a poor prognostic indicator for survival." | ( Hall, TG; Schaiff, RA, 1993) |
| "To prevent or treat hypercalcemia, a decrease in dCa has been proposed." | ( Argilés, A; Canaud, B; Flavier, JL; Kerr, PG; Mion, C, 1993) |
| "No incidences of calcipotriene treatment-related hypercalcemia, calcium mobilization from bone, or clinically significant changes in bone density wer noted during this study." | ( Goffe, BS; Guzzo, C; Katz, HI; Lazarus, G; Lowe, NJ; Pincus, SH, 1996) |
| "Information concerning their use in the treatment of hypercalcemia in childhood is limited." | ( Akyüz, C; Büyükpamukçu, M; Hazar, V; Kutluk, MT; Varan, A, 1997) |
| "Concurrent cOPG treatment prevented hypercalcemia (p < 0." | ( Boone, T; Capparelli, C; Dunstan, CR; Lacey, DL; Lee, R; Morony, S; Shimamoto, G, 1999) |
| "Clinical studies in treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy have been completed, as have Phase I and II trials in patients with cancer and pre-existing bone metastases." | ( Coleman, RE, 2000) |
| "The acute treatment of hypercalcemia is independent of the underlying cause (rehydration with physiologic saline, renal excretion with furosemide, inhibition of osteoclastic activity)." | ( Boesken, WH; Schneider, T; Seydlitz, F; Sontag, B; Zimmermann, U, 2001) |
| "Although treatment of hypercalcemia with pamidronate is palliative, it is effective against the deterioration of quality of life." | ( Hashitani, S; Matsushita, Y; Nishimura, N; Noguchi, K; Takaoka, K; Urade, M, 2002) |
| "Pamidronate was given to treat hypercalcemia of unknown etiology." | ( Asif, A; Banerjee, D; Bourgoignie, JJ; Preston, RA; Roth, D; Striker, L, 2003) |
| "It is indicated for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy and for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma or documented metastasis from solid tumors, in conjunction with standard antineoplastic therapy." | ( Davis, LE; Li, EC, 2003) |
| "Standard treatment for hypercalcemia was given, including saline hydration, a low calcium diet, furosemide, and glucocorticoid, but without response." | ( Chou, HC; Hsieh, WS; Hung, SH; Tsai, WY; Tsao, PN, 2003) |
| "The use of pamidronate for treatment of hypercalcemia and chronic conditions that affect normal bone growth is increasing in children." | ( Bryowsky, JJ; Bugnitz, MC; Hak, EB, 2004) |
| "Calcitonin is currently used to treat hypercalcemia of many clinical types." | ( Chen, TH; Chen, WH; Chung, SY; Huang, CH; Lai, SL, 2005) |
| "When conventional treatment of hypercalcemia failed, pamidronate dramatically decreased both the calcium levels and the frequency of uterine contractions." | ( Culbert, EC; Schfirin, BS, 2006) |
| "The usual treatment of hypercalcemia includes hyperhydratation, corticosteroids and diet." | ( Bottu, J; Trullemans, B; Van Nieuwenhuyse, JP, 2007) |
| "They are often used in the treatment of hypercalcemia." | ( Bushinsky, DA; Grieff, M, 2011) |
| "Cinacalcet is an effective treatment for hypercalcemia due to persistent hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in patients who have undergone kidney transplantation (KT)." | ( Barros, X; Campistol, JM; Durán, CE; Paschoalin, RP; Sánchez-Escuredo, A; Torregrosa, JV, 2012) |
| "Further investigation of cinacalcet for treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy is warranted." | ( Colloton, M; Henley, C; Martin, D; Scully, S; Shatzen, E; Starnes, C; Wiemann, B, 2013) |
| "A calcimimetic is an effective treatment for the hypercalcemia and elevated PTH levels in acquired hypocalciuric hypercalcemia caused by inhibitory anti-CaSR autoantibodies." | ( Brown, EM; Huang, CL; Kemp, EH; Kuo, E; Sandhu, HK; Weetman, AP, 2013) |
| "Pharmacological treatment of hypercalcemia is essential for patients with parathyroid carcinoma and intractable primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)." | ( Katagiri, M; Miura, D; Nakashima, N; Ohishi, H; Shimazaki, R; Takahashi, S; Takeuchi, Y; Tominaga, Y, 2017) |
| "No standard therapies exist for the treatment of hypercalcemia secondary to paraneoplastic syndromes that result in the long-term control of serum calcium levels." | ( Apuri, S; Kis, B; Loftus, L; Nanjappa, S; Pla-Fernandez, CA, 2017) |
| "Several tools are available to acutely treat hypercalcemia with the current main components being fluids, loop diuretics, and antiresorptive agents." | ( Alon, US; Auron, A, 2018) |
| "Being commonly used for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, health systems must implement stewardship strategies in order to curtail usage." | ( Allison, SL; Davis, KW, 2019) |
| "However, in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, the treatment objective is to reduce the elevated serum calcium level, and the bisphosphonate is usually given as one time dose only." | ( Kim, S, 2019) |
| "Zoledronic acid was added to treat hypercalcemia and bone pain." | ( Alvarado, M; Bueno, S; González, L; Ramírez, M; Sierra, M, 2019) |
| "Diagnosing and treating hypercalcemia during pregnancy can be challenging due to both the physiological changes in calcium homeostasis and the underlying cause for the hypercalcemia." | ( Appelman-Dijkstra, NM; Ertl, DA; Rjenmark, L; Winter, EM; Zillikens, MC, 2021) |
| "Conclusions on drugs to treat hypercalcemia during pregnancy are extremely limited and do not show clear evidence of efficacy." | ( Karras, SN; März, W; Meinitzer, A; Misiorowski, W; Pilz, S; Pludowski, P; Theiler-Schwetz, V; Trummer, C; Zelzer, S; Zittermann, A, 2022) |
| "Studies to validate the utility of treating hypercalcemia are required." | ( Chen, ZZ; Erlikh, N; Groysman, A; Majety, P; Westcott, GP, 2022) |
| "Glucocorticoids may be used as primary treatment when hypercalcemia is due to excessive intestinal calcium absorption (vitamin D intoxication, granulomatous disorders, some lymphomas)." | ( Shane, E; Walker, MD, 2022) |