thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 114873 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 3691 |
| MeSH ID | M0021441 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| thromboxane |
| 66719-58-2 |
| (2r,3s)-3-heptyl-2-octyloxane |
| thromboxanes , |
| plb95f606q , |
| unii-plb95f606q |
| (2r,3s)-3-heptyltetrahydro-2-octyl-2h-pyran |
| (2r-trans)-3-heptyltetrahydro-2-octyl-2h-pyran |
| homo-11a-oxaprostane |
| 2h-pyran, 3-heptyltetrahydro-2-octyl-, (2r,3s)- |
| SCHEMBL3691 |
| RZWIIPASKMUIAC-VQTJNVASSA-N |
| LMFA03030015 |
| DTXSID30867244 |
| Q27286618 |
| (2r,3s)-3-heptyl-2-octyl-oxane |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Thromboxanes have been implicated in the CsA-induced hemodynamic changes and impairment in renal function in humans and in rats. " | ( Cyclosporine-induced hypertension in sheep. The role of thromboxanes. Bennett, WM; Scoggins, BA; Tresham, JJ; Whitworth, JA, 1990) | 1.97 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "No clinical, hemodynamic or respiratory adverse reactions were observed in any patient." | ( Safety and efficacy of a new transpulmonary echo contrast agent in echocardiographic studies in patients. Bischoff, P; Eisenmann, B; Epailly, E; Geny, B; Haberey, P; Mettauer, B; Muan, B; Piquard, F, 1993) | 0.29 |
| " By contrast, adverse effects on rates of LDL and membrane lipid oxidation were not observed with other chemically distinct (sulfonamide) COX-2 inhibitors under identical conditions." | ( A biological rationale for the cardiotoxic effects of rofecoxib: comparative analysis with other COX-2 selective agents and NSAids. Day, CA; Jacob, RF; Mason, RP; Walter, MF, 2007) | 0.34 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " The rate of absorption of ASA was faster and its peak plasma concentration was higher after the ingestion of CT." | ( The absorption of acetylsalicylic acid from an enteric-coated formulation and the inhibition of thromboxane formation. Anttila, M; Kahela, P; Uotila, P, 1988) | 0.27 |
| " Clopidogrel resistance is likely to develop as a result of a decreased bioavailability of the active metabolite, due to genetic variation or concomitant drug treatment." | ( Aspirin and clopidogrel resistance: possible mechanisms and clinical relevance. Part II: Potential causes and laboratory tests. Sas, K; Sztriha, LK; Vadász, D; Vécsei, L, 2013) | 0.39 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The synthesis of thromboxane A2 (measured as TXB2) by blood platelets in the presence of ethanol and in platelets from animals dosed chronically with ethanol has been examined." | ( The effect of ethanol on thromboxane synthesis by blood platelets. Pennington, SN; Smith, CP, 1979) | 0.26 |
| " Nitrendipine was given orally at a dosage of 20 mg once daily over 4 weeks." | ( Reduced platelet thromboxane formation after long-term administration of a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with nitrendipine in borderline hypertensive patients with IDDM-type diabetes mellitu Gries, FA; Homberg, M; Roesen, P; Tschoepe, D, 1992) | 0.28 |
| " Increasing dosages of PGD2 were inhaled to establish dose-response curves that allowed determination of the provocative concentration necessary to decrease FEV1 by at least 20% (PC20) and to increase specific airway resistance (SR(aw)) by 100% (PC100)." | ( Effects of a thromboxane-receptor antagonist, BAY u 3405, on prostaglandin D2- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Baunack, AR; Boerger, S; Magnussen, H; Templin, K, 1992) | 0.28 |
| "It is concluded that aspirin does affect the platelet response to shear forces, but this requires higher dosage (greater than 300 mg/day), suggesting a mechanism probably different from that of interference with thromboxane formation." | ( High-dose aspirin inhibits shear-induced platelet reaction involving thrombin generation. Edmondson, SF; Kovacs, IB; Ratnatunga, CP; Rees, GM, 1992) | 0.28 |
| "Arachidonic acid (AA)- or thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TXA2/PGH2) analog (STA2 and U-46619)-induced aggregations yielded a bell-shaped dose-response curve." | ( Elevation of platelet cyclic AMP level by thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor agonists. Ishikawa, Y; Ogawa, A, 1991) | 0.28 |
| " Dose-response curves were obtained to bolus injections of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in Krebs'-perfused hindquarters of male Wistar rats." | ( Thromboxane A2 receptor stimulation similarly potentiates pressor responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine in perfused hindquarters of non-diabetic and alloxan diabetic rats. Hodgson, WC; King, RG; Sikorski, BW, 1991) | 0.28 |
| " The four NSAID diclofenac, acemetacin, ibuprofen, and mefenamic acid administered to healthy volunteers at the recommended dosage led to significant suppression of thromboxane synthesis; this effect was more pronounced with acemetacin and ibuprofen than with diclofenac." | ( [Inhibition of thrombocyte function by non-steroidal anti-rheumatic agents: a comparative study between diclofenac, acemetacin, mefenamic acid and ibuprofen]. Raineri-Gerber, I; von Felten, A, 1991) | 0.28 |
| " A dose-response relationship was established between the amount of photosensitizer administered and the light dose delivered with the release of thromboxane immediately following PDT." | ( Role of thromboxane and prostacyclin release on photodynamic therapy-induced tumor destruction. Doak, KW; Fingar, VH; Wieman, TJ, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " In separate groups of rats, the log dose-response curve for bolus intravenous injection of AII was shifted to the right by SQ-29,548 while that for PE was unaffected." | ( Thromboxane mediation of the pressor response to infused angiotensin II. Welch, WJ; Wilcox, CS, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " Furegrelate (800 or 1600 mg) significantly inhibited thromboxane synthesis throughout the dosing interval as assessed by thromboxane B2 generation from platelet-rich plasma challenged with arachidonic acid or from serum." | ( Multiple dose trial of the thromboxane synthase inhibitor furegrelate in normal subjects. Lakings, DB; Mohrland, JS; Vander Lugt, JT, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " A study of the dose-response relationship for CsA at 3, 6, and 24 mg/kg/day for 5 days indicated that maximal blood pressure responses were attained with 6 mg/kg/day." | ( Cyclosporine-induced hypertension in sheep. The role of thromboxanes. Bennett, WM; Scoggins, BA; Tresham, JJ; Whitworth, JA, 1990) | 0.53 |
| " The positions of the hernias in the diaphragm, following dosing over varying periods of organogenesis, reflected the chronology of diaphragm formation in the rat." | ( Teratogenicity of three substituted 4-biphenyls in the rat as a result of the chemical breakdown and possible metabolism of a thromboxane A2-receptor blocker. Hallett, P; Parkinson, MM; Sutherland, MF, 1989) | 0.28 |
| " Plasma aspirin concentrations measured in blood obtained simultaneously from permanent catheters in a systemic artery and portal vein for 6 hours after dosage showed a large variation in the plasma aspirin concentration: time profile between pigs." | ( Measurement of aspirin concentrations in portal and systemic blood in pigs: effect on platelet aggregation, thromboxane and prostacyclin production. Bochner, F; James, MJ; Lloyd, JV; McIntosh, GH; Rodgers, SE; Siebert, DM, 1989) | 0.28 |
| " Met (1 X 10(-6) M) increased the tension of both normal and diabetic atria, but in diabetic atria, the dose-response curve to Met was shifted to the left and the efficacy of Met was enhanced." | ( Hypersensitivity to methoxamine in atria isolated from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Canga, L; Sterin-Borda, L, 1986) | 0.27 |
| " Finally, the Tx receptor antagonist L-640,035 was tested using a dosing regimen that reduced the increase in right ventricular pressure caused by a stable endoperoxide analogue in MCTP-treated rats." | ( Thromboxane does not mediate pulmonary vascular response to monocrotaline pyrrole. Ganey, PE; Roth, RA, 1987) | 0.27 |
| " Aspirin, at a dosage that almost completely inhibits both circulating cell and renal arachidonate metabolites, worsens the morphologic expression of rabbit nephrotoxic nephritis and negatively influences the clinical course of the disease." | ( Effect of aspirin and sulindac in rabbit nephrotoxic nephritis. Benigni, A; Bertani, T; Carminati, C; Cutillo, F; Morelli, C; Remuzzi, G; Rocchi, G; Verroust, P, 1986) | 0.27 |
| " While these IC50 values might suggest different potencies for inhibition of vascular and platelet cyclooxygenases by tiaprofenic acid and, possibly, indomethacin, statistical analysis was not possible because of different slopes of the dose-response curves." | ( Blood-vessel wall arachidonate metabolism and its pharmacological modification in a new in vitro assay system. Schrör, K; Seidel, H, 1988) | 0.27 |
| " For these studies, base-line airway dose-response curves to histamine and carbachol were determined on the same day." | ( A leukotriene and thromboxane inhibitor (Sch 37224) blocks antigen-induced immediate and late responses and airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic sheep. Abraham, WM; Garrido, R; Stevenson, JS, 1988) | 0.27 |
| " Currently, data on physical activity and prostanoids, including both acute and chronic effects, are limited and necessitate additional, systematic studies on dose-response relationships." | ( Physical activity and prostanoids. Rauramaa, R, 1986) | 0.27 |
| " TxB2 generation was inhibited with a dose-response curve, 2 microM being the lowest dazmegrel concentration giving 100% inhibition." | ( Dissociation between thromboxane generation and metastatic potential in cells from a murine fibrosarcoma. Studies with a selective thromboxane synthase inhibitor. Bolognese Dalessandro, AP; de Gaetano, G; Donati, MB; Lampugnani, MG; Niewiarowska, A; Vicenzi, E, 1987) | 0.27 |
| " Oral dosing with U46619 or AH23848 produced a dose-related inhibition of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in the conscious rat, and these effects were partially blocked by indomethacin treatment." | ( The effects of the stable thromboxane A2-mimetic, U46619, on gastric mucosal damage and gastric non-parietal secretion in the rat. Bunce, KT; Clayton, NM, 1987) | 0.27 |
| " Alternatively, the lack of drug efficacy may have resulted from either incomplete suppression of thromboxane biosynthesis and/or substitution for the biological effects of thromboxane A2 by prostaglandin endoperoxides during long-term dosing studies." | ( The biochemical pharmacology of thromboxane synthase inhibition in man. FitzGerald, GA; Pedersen, AK; Reilly, IA, 1985) | 0.27 |
| " Acetylsalicylic acid inhibition, calculated as IC50 by a dose-response curve, is more than ten fold higher for leukocytes vs platelets." | ( Differential effects of aspirin and indomethacin on platelet and leukocyte thromboxane A2 formation. Colli, S; Maderna, P; Morazzoni, G; Stragliotto, E; Tremoli, E, 1985) | 0.27 |
| " Oral and intravenous dosing with 1-BI, unlike OKY, produced epinephrine reversal in SHR, indicating the blockade of alpha-adrenoceptors." | ( 1-Benzylimidazole, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor acutely lowers blood pressure mainly by alpha-adrenoceptor blockade in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Cervoni, P; Chan, PS; Lipchuck, LM; Lucas, J; Mateja, N; Ronsberg, MA, 1983) | 0.27 |
| " The reduced toxicity with full efficacy favours a low and infrequent dosage of aspirin." | ( Improved aortocoronary bypass patency by low-dose aspirin (100 mg daily). Effects on platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. Kotzur, J; Lorenz, RL; Meister, W; Reichardt, B; Schacky, CV; Theisen, K; Weber, M; Weber, PC, 1984) | 0.27 |
| " Dose-response relationships for inhibition of 45Ca uptake were identical with controls in mitochondria isolated from normal or essential fatty acid-deficient Long-Evans rats even though PGE synthesis in essential fatty acid-deficient was only 20% of that in normal rats." | ( Prostaglandin-independent inhibition of calcium transport by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: differential effects of carboxylic acids and piroxicam. Burch, RM; Halushka, PV; Wise, WC, 1983) | 0.27 |
| "001) in the dose-response relationship to submaximal concentrations of vasopressin (0." | ( Thromboxane and stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analogs stimulate water permeability in the toad urinary bladder. Burch, RM; Halushka, PV, 1980) | 0.26 |
| " Blood was drawn before the study started, 3-4 h after the initial dosage, 12 h after the 10th dosage on the 5th day, and 3-4 h after the 11th (final) dosage on the 6th day." | ( The effect of sulphinpyrazone on whole blood thromboxane and prostacyclin generation in man. Badenhorst, PN; Deckmyn, H; Vermylen, J, 1982) | 0.26 |
| "Patients who underwent operations in which cardiopulmonary bypass was used had elevations of plasma fibrinopeptide A which did not return to normal during bypass despite conventional heparin anticoagulation, suggesting inadequate heparin dosage and continued thrombin activity during the operation." | ( Elevated plasma fibrinopeptide A and thromboxane B2 levels during cardiopulmonary bypass. Davies, GC; Salzman, EW; Sobel, M, 1980) | 0.26 |
| " In the light of a recently proposed critical balance of vascular antiaggregatory prostacyclin and platelet proaggregatory TXA2 very low dose ASA might offer advantages over conventional dosage of ASA and should be evaluated in thromboembolic disorders." | ( Effects of very low versus standard dose acetyl salicylic acid, dipyridamole and sulfinpyrazone on platelet function and thromboxane formation in man. Lorenz, R; Siess, W; Weber, PC, 1981) | 0.26 |
| " infused over 2 min; n = 4-8 per group) produced a bell-shaped dose-response curve for MPAP and haematocrit, and evoked maximal increases of 12." | ( Intrinsic activity of the non-prostanoid thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, daltroban (BM 13,505), in human platelets in vitro and in the rat vasculature in vivo. Bertolino, F; Bessac, AM; Colpaert, FC; Delhon, A; Grelac, F; Lévy-Toledano, S; Maclouf, J; Maffre, M; Patoiseau, JF; Valentin, JP, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " For each aggregating agent, ED50 value (agonist concentration necessary to induce a maximal aggregation of 50%) was determined in control samples and following addition of different picotamide concentrations on the basis of dose-response curves." | ( Studies on in vitro effect of picotamide on human platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and whole blood. Anfossi, G; Cavalot, F; Massucco, P; Mattiello, L; Mularoni, EM; Parisi, S; Russo, I; Trovati, M, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " At four subsequent randomized visits, subjects received this concentration of PGD2 90 min after dosing with placebo or 20, 50 or 100 mg of BAY u 3405, a potent competitive TP receptor antagonist." | ( Prostaglandin D2-induced bronchoconstriction is mediated only in part by the thromboxane prostanoid receptor. Freezer, NJ; Howarth, PH; Johnston, SL; O'Toole, S; Ritter, W, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " Inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity in normal placentas resulted in a dose-response increase in placental production of both lipid peroxides and thromboxane without affecting prostacyclin, so the ratio of thromboxane to prostacyclin increased progressively with inhibition of glutathione peroxidase." | ( Deficient glutathione peroxidase activity in preeclampsia is associated with increased placental production of thromboxane and lipid peroxides. Walsh, SW; Wang, Y, 1993) | 0.29 |
| " The dose-response curve obtained with the 5-HT1 receptor agonist, 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT), was biphasic in arteries with endothelium; removal of the endothelium eliminated the first phase of the contraction." | ( Endothelial thromboxane production plays a role in the contraction caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine in rat basilar arteries. Descombes, JJ; Devys, M; Laubie, M; Verbeuren, TJ, 1993) | 0.29 |
| " Such a complex dose-response effect may have significant impact in explaining the pathologic effects of NO2." | ( Dual effect of nitrogen dioxide on rat alveolar macrophage arachidonate metabolism. Forman, HJ; Robison, TW, ) | 0.13 |
| "Adaptation to gastric damage from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) has been observed during ongoing dosage in rats and humans." | ( Gastric microbleeding following single and repeated dosing with naproxen. Cook, GA; Elliott, SL; Hawkey, CJ; McAlindon, ME; Yeomans, ND, 1995) | 0.29 |
| "001] but not in the placebo group, confirming the efficacy of the drug with that dosage in these specific patients." | ( Ticlopidine increases nitric oxide generation in heart-transplant recipients: a possible novel property of ticlopidine. Boissonnat, P; Bordet, JC; de Lorgeril, M; Defreyn, G; Delaye, J; Durbin, S; Salen, P, 1998) | 0.3 |
| " After reducing perfusion pressure to 20 mmHg for 30 min and reperfusing at 80 mmHg, the dose-response curve to U46619 was unaffected." | ( The vasoconstrictor effect of 8-epi prostaglandin F2alpha in the hypoxic rat heart. Kromer, BM; Tippins, JR, 1999) | 0.3 |
| " Therefore, platelet aggregation is not a plausible or quantitatively consistent mechanism to explain the nonlinear dose-response hypothesis of cardiovascular disease and ETS exposure." | ( Urinary thromboxane, prostacyclin, cortisol, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in nonsmokers exposed and not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Bowman, DL; Brown, BG; Doolittle, DJ; Fischer, TH; Heavner, DL; Morton, MJ; Rumple, MA; Smith, CJ, 2001) | 0.31 |
| "Intravenous ASA in a dosage of 100 mg did not completely prevent TXA(2) production in AMI patients treated with streptokinase." | ( Incomplete thromboxane inhibition with 100 mg of intravenous acetylsalicylic acid in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction: a placebo-controlled pilot trial. Husted, SE; Jensen, HK; Kristensen, SD; Nielsen, HK; Vissinger, H; Ziegler, BK, 2001) | 0.31 |
| "To determine whether urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (d-TXB2) is a marker of aspirin resistance and define the relationship between aspirin dosage and concentrations of this thromboxane metabolite." | ( Aspirin dosage and thromboxane synthesis in patients with vascular disease. Bovill, E; Cornell, E; Feinberg, WM; Hart, RG; Leonard, AD; Pearce, LA; Talbert, RL, 2003) | 0.32 |
| ": Sixty-five healthy male subjects were randomized to receive 8 days' dosing with lumiracoxib 200 mg twice daily (b." | ( Gastroduodenal tolerability of lumiracoxib vs placebo and naproxen: a pilot endoscopic study in healthy male subjects. Branson, J; Ford, M; Kellett, N; Mair, S; Milosavljev, S; Rordorf, C; Scott, G, 2003) | 0.32 |
| "1 microM), or the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX) inhibitor diclofenac (10 microM) each caused a parallel and rightward shift in the dose-response relation for OVA, providing evidence for contributions of histamine, cysteinyl-leukotrienes, and COX products to the OVA-induced bronchoconstriction in the IPL." | ( Interactions among three classes of mediators explain antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in the isolated perfused and ventilated guinea pig lung. Dahlén, SE; Låstbom, L; Ryrfeldt, A; Sundström, E, 2003) | 0.32 |
| " In the VIGOR gastrointestinal outcomes trial of >8000 patients, naproxen (an NSAID with aspirin-like sustained antiplatelet effects throughout its dosing interval) was associated with a significantly lower risk of CV events than was rofecoxib." | ( Selective COX-2 inhibition and cardiovascular effects: a review of the rofecoxib development program. Gertz, BJ; Reicin, A; Sperling, RS; Weir, MR, 2003) | 0.32 |
| " Hence, increased platelet turnover after CPB seems to contribute to aspirin resistance, since an increased number of platelets might be competent to form thromboxane within the dosing intervals." | ( Is cardiopulmonary bypass a reason for aspirin resistance after coronary artery bypass grafting? Gams, E; Hohlfeld, T; Kurt, M; Wenk, A; Winter, J; Zimmermann, N, 2005) | 0.33 |
| " We performed an open cross-over study comparing no treatment (baseline) with three aspirin dosage regimens--37." | ( Dose- and time-dependent antiplatelet effects of aspirin. Fitzgerald, D; Hjemdahl, P; Perneby, C; Rooney, C; Wallén, NH, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " The serum thromboxane levels in mice (n = 3) dosed with clopidogrel and prasugrel were decreased by 83." | ( Antagonism of P2Y₁₂ reduces physiological thromboxane levels. Bhavaraju, K; Gartner, TK; Georgakis, A; Jin, J; Kunapuli, SP; Nurden, A; Nurden, P; Tomiyama, Y, 2010) | 0.36 |
| " Dose-response curves to both prostanoids were competitively shifted to the right by all antagonists, but to different extents." | ( Thromboxane and isoprostane share the same prostanoid receptors to increase human placental tone. Hausermann, L; St-Louis, J, 2011) | 0.37 |
| "008) with the immunosuppressive dosage and decreased by 45% with the atopy dosage (P = ." | ( The effects of cyclosporine on platelet function and cyclooxygenase expression in normal dogs. Langston, C; Lunsford, K; Mackin, A; Pinchuk, L; Pruett, S; Stokes, J; Thomason, J; Wills, R, ) | 0.13 |
| " We studied the role of Gαq palmitoylation in constriction of hypoxic pulmonary artery using pharmacological palmitoylation inhibition, the effects of hypoxia on palmitoylation, and the effects of site-specific cysteine substitution mutations of Gαq on Gαq membrane targeting, TPα association, and calcium dose-response curve to a TP agonist." | ( Palmitoylation of Gαq determines its association with the thromboxane receptor in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Chelikani, P; Dakshinamurti, S; Hinton, M; Santhosh, KT; Sikarwar, AS, 2014) | 0.4 |
| "Biomarker testing for efficacy of therapy is an accepted way for clinicians to individualize dosing to genetic and/or environmental factors that may be influencing a treatment regimen." | ( The current and future landscape of urinary thromboxane testing to evaluate atherothrombotic risk. Berger, JS; Boone, JL; Jefferies, JL; Jesse, RL; Maisel, AS; McConnell, JP; McCullough, PA; Neath, SX; Wu, AH, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " The present review critically addresses key pathophysiological aspects including (i) hyperglycemia, glycemic variability and insulin resistance as determinants and predictors of platelet activation, (ii) inflammatory mediators derived from platelets, such as soluble CD40 ligand, soluble CD36, Dickkopf-1 and probably soluble receptor for advanced glycation-end-products (sRAGE), which expand the functional repertoire of platelets from players of hemostasis and thrombosis to powerful amplifiers of inflammation by promoting the release of cytokines and chemokines, cell activation, and cell-cell interactions; (iii) molecular mechanisms underpinning the less-than-expected antithrombotic protection by aspirin (ASA), despite regular antiplatelet prophylaxis at the standard dosing regimen, and (iv) stratification of patients deserving different antiplatelet strategies, based on the metabolic phenotype." | ( Platelets and diabetes mellitus. Davì, G; Liani, R; Santilli, F; Simeone, P, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "To determine the efficacy of a novel and safer (for gastrointestinal tract) aspirin (aspirin-PC) in preclinical models of ovarian cancer, in vitro dose-response studies were performed to compare the growth-inhibitory effect of aspirin-PC versus aspirin on three human (A2780, SKOV3ip1, and HeyA8) and a mouse (ID8) ovarian cancer cell line over an 8-day culture period." | ( Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Effects of Aspirin-PC in Ovarian Cancer. Bottsford-Miller, JN; Dial, EJ; Dorniak, PL; Fang, D; Filant, J; Haemmerle, M; Hansen, JM; Hatakeyama, H; Hu, W; Huang, Y; Lichtenberger, LM; Lyons, Y; Pradeep, S; Previs, RA; Shen, F; Sood, AK; Taylor, M; Wagner, MJ, 2016) | 0.43 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 1995 (65.09) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 623 (20.33) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 224 (7.31) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 163 (5.32) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 60 (1.96) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (65.63) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 149 (4.65%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 407 (12.71%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 27 (0.84%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 3 (0.09%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 2,616 (81.70%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes | allergen; epitope; sensitiser |
| phosphoserine Phosphoserine: The phosphoric acid ester of serine. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; O-phosphoamino acid; serine derivative | human metabolite |
| adenine [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant |
| quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor |
| carbamates [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
| carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound | biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent |
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
| choline [no description available] | 4.05 | 3 | 1 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | tricarboxylic acid | antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | mouse metabolite |
| salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | 4.31 | 6 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; hydracid; mononuclear parent hydride; sulfur hydride | Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin; metabolite; signalling molecule; toxin; vasodilator agent |
| creatine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 3.98 | 4 | 0 | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycine [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| dalteparin Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | ||
| histamine [no description available] | 15.49 | 51 | 2 | aralkylamino compound; imidazoles | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. | 4.67 | 29 | 0 | imidazole | |
| iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diatomic iodine | nutrient |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| melatonin [no description available] | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor |
| nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. | 4.87 | 8 | 1 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | |
| nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
| oxamic acid Oxamic Acid: Amino-substituted glyoxylic acid derivative.. oxamic acid : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with ammonia. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoamide | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion | allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| propylene glycol Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | glycol; propane-1,2-diols | allergen; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| purine 1H-purine : The 1H-tautomer of purine.. 3H-purine : The 3H-tautomer of purine.. 9H-purine : The 9H-tautomer of purine.. 7H-purine : The 7H-tautomer of purine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | purine | |
| pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate | coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| spermine [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | polyazaalkane; tetramine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| taurine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion | antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| gallopamil Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; organic amino compound | |
| menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol | volatile oil component |
| pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent |
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 1-methylimidazole 1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| p-chloromercuribenzoic acid p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid: An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; mercuribenzoic acid | |
| phenytoin [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a). | 3.76 | 3 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid | |
| ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker |
| 5-carboxamidotryptamine 5-carboxamidotryptamine: agonist of 5-HT receptor; structure given in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | tryptamines | |
| 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline 8-(4-sulfophenyl)theophylline: adenosine antagonist | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aa 861 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone: structure given in first source. docebenone : A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones; acetylenic compound; primary alcohol | EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor |
| acemetacin acemetacin : A carboxylic ester that is the carboxymethyl ester of indometacin. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and low back pain, as well as for postoperative pain and inflammation. Its activity is due to both acemetacin and its major metabolite, indometacin. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | carboxylic ester; indol-3-yl carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | acridines | |
| adrenic acid adrenic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | docosatetraenoic acid | mouse metabolite |
| albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine | analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
| diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | diamine; organic thiophosphate | antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent |
| p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow. | 4.04 | 3 | 1 | N-acylglycine | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| theophylline [no description available] | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent |
| amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| amosulalol amosulalol: RN given is for mono-HCl; structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolone | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone | antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 20.44 | 386 | 60 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic |
| atrazine [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | |
| benzethonium Benzethonium: Bactericidal cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant used as a topical anti-infective agent. It is an ingredient in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, etc., and is used to disinfect apparatus, etc., in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries, in surgery, and also as a preservative. The compound is toxic orally as a result of neuromuscular blockade. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| bisindolylmaleimide i bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | secondary alcohol; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent |
| seratrodast [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| bunazosin bunazosin: structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| caffeine [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 3.84 | 12 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| carprofen carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | carbazoles; organochlorine compound | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; photosensitizing agent |
| celecoxib [no description available] | 6.69 | 6 | 1 | organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue |
| cilostazol [no description available] | 3.13 | 1 | 0 | lactam; tetrazoles | anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile | adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor |
| clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes | anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist |
| clofibric acid Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes | anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; herbicide; marine xenobiotic metabolite; PPARalpha agonist |
| clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | clonidine; imidazoline | |
| clotrimazole [no description available] | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes | antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| dantrolene Dantrolene: Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.. dantrolene : The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione | muscle relaxant; neuroprotective agent; ryanodine receptor antagonist |
| diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent |
| diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. | 6.27 | 11 | 1 | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine | |
| diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound | non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots. | 11.04 | 41 | 7 | piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol | adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | benzoselenazole | anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger |
| econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group. | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes | |
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
| ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ether; volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | piperidines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist |
| flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| furegrelate furegrelate: structure given in UD 35:175:d | 5.45 | 15 | 1 | benzofurans | |
| furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. | 4.04 | 3 | 1 | chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide | environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic |
| gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger |
| glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source | 3.45 | 1 | 1 | sulfonamide | |
| glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent |
| go 6976 [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | indolocarbazole; organic heterohexacyclic compound | EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor |
| guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations. | 3.98 | 2 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine | EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor |
| fasudil fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines; N-sulfonyldiazepane | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; vasodilator agent |
| haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol | antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist |
| hexamethonium Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium salt | |
| hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines | antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| hydroxyurea [no description available] | 4.09 | 3 | 1 | one-carbon compound; ureas | antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent |
| ibudilast [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolopyridine | |
| ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine | 12.6 | 40 | 11 | monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic |
| lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic |
| amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | bipyridines | EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 19.38 | 243 | 7 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| indoprofen Indoprofen: A drug that has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Following reports of adverse reactions including reports of carcinogenicity in animal studies it was withdrawn from the market worldwide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p21). indoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | gamma-lactam; isoindoles; monocarboxylic acid | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine | |
| 2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol | protic solvent |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 3.66 | 10 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist |
| ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively. | 5.3 | 7 | 2 | dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine | |
| ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| ketotifen Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ketone; olefinic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound | anti-asthmatic drug; H1-receptor antagonist |
| labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | |
| lauric acid dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite |
| losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles | angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist |
| 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound | autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 4.94 | 12 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound | analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound | antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic |
| metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1. | 3.45 | 1 | 1 | guanidines | environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic |
| methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; psoralens | antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic |
| metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor |
| miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles | |
| molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure. | 5.3 | 7 | 2 | ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion | antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| lm 4108 indomethacin phenethylamide: a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
| ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
| nafronyl Nafronyl: A drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is claimed to enhance cellular oxidative capacity and to be a spasmolytic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1310) It may also be an antagonist at 5HT-2 serotonin receptors. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | naphthalenes | |
| nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | 5.05 | 10 | 1 | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
| nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | 2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent |
| nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | |
| nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent |
| nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain. | 5.22 | 12 | 1 | nitroglycerol | explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor |
| oxatomide oxatomide: structure; an anti-allergic & an anti-asthmatic. oxatomide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one substituted by a 3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at position 1. It is an anti-allergic drug. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles; diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist |
| oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phenols; pyrazolidines | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite |
| papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines | antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent |
| pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone | EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | GABAA receptor agonist |
| pentoxifylline [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position. | 4.61 | 6 | 1 | pyrazolidines | antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug |
| phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | acyl fluoride | serine proteinase inhibitor |
| moxonidine moxonidine: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | organohalogen compound; pyrimidines | |
| picotamide picotamide: has anticoagulant & fibrinolytic properties; structure | 5.69 | 7 | 3 | benzamides | |
| pimobendan pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | benzimidazoles; pyridazinone | cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed) | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | indoles; secondary amine | antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity. | 3.84 | 2 | 1 | aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones | antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic |
| potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. | 3.59 | 9 | 0 | inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid para-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.. 4-aminobenzoate : An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-aminobenzoic acid. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | aminobenzoate; aromatic amino-acid anion | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist |
| ono 1078 pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | chromones | |
| prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
| proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
| probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood. | 3.8 | 2 | 1 | dithioketal; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug |
| procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker |
| promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative | H1-receptor antagonist |
| ro 31-8220 Ro 31-8220: a protein kinase C inhibitor | 2 | 1 | 0 | imidothiocarbamic ester; indoles; maleimides | EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor |
| rofecoxib [no description available] | 7.43 | 8 | 2 | butenolide; sulfone | analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| rolipram [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 4.61 | 6 | 1 | morpholines | |
| sk&f 86002 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-(4-pyridinyl)imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole: inhibits p38 MAP kinase | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| sodium fluoride [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | fluoride salt | mutagen |
| sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide | anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist |
| sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties. | 8.55 | 15 | 4 | pyrazolidines; sulfoxide | uricosuric drug |
| terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| tiaprofenic acid tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes | drug allergen; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group. | 8.35 | 14 | 2 | monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine | anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| 8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| tolazoline Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | imidazoles | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylurea | human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker |
| trapidil Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent. | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | triazolopyrimidines | |
| trifluoperazine [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines | antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | oxazolidinone | anticonvulsant; geroprotector |
| urethane [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester | fungal metabolite; mutagen |
| w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative |
| ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide | anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist |
| corticosterone [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 4.45 | 5 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent |
| thymidine [no description available] | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene | |
| hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine | antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ammonium salt; carbamate ester | cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
| norethindrone acetate norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; terminal acetylenic compound | progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| aldosterone [no description available] | 4.18 | 5 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine | antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen |
| prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid | androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pilocarpine | antiglaucoma drug |
| pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloromethanes | hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenoestrogen |
| aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound | antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 13.74 | 130 | 6 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 3.8 | 11 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| phlorhizin [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| methoxamine Methoxamine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.. methoxamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group and the phenyl ring is 2- and 5-substituted with methoxy groups. It is an antihypotensive agent (pressor), an agonist acting directly at alpha-adrenoceptors with selectivity for the alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtype similar to phenylephrine . | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | amphetamines | alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypotensive agent |
| adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | organic chloride salt | acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer |
| leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116) | 2.9 | 2 | 0 | quaternary ammonium salt | |
| uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions. | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | alkaloid; colchicine | anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen. | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol | progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| tubercidin Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester | adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| n,n'-diphenyl-4-phenylenediamine N,N'-diphenyl-4-phenylenediamine: in veterinary medicine, has been used to prevent vitamin E deficiency in lambs; structure. N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine : An N-substituted diamine that is 1,4-phenylenediamine in which one hydrogen from each amino group is replaced by a phenyl group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | N-substituted diamine; secondary amino compound | antioxidant |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 4.78 | 7 | 1 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | alkyl hydroperoxide | antibacterial agent; oxidising agent |
| bromcresol green Bromcresol Green: An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite |
| methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | 6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic |
| isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | glucitol derivative; nitrate ester | nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| xanthone xanthone : The parent compound of the xanthone class consisting of xanthene bearing a single oxo substituent at position 9. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | xanthones | insecticide |
| quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
| phenidone phenidone: photographic developer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | xanthene | |
| 4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | butan-4-olide | metabolite; neurotoxin |
| acrolein [no description available] | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | enal | herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin |
| 2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | alkane | |
| tetrahydrofuran oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ether; oxolanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; volatile organic compound | polar aprotic solvent |
| thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring. | 5.17 | 11 | 1 | mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| methylergonovine Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed) | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ergoline alkaloid | |
| framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite |
| iodoantipyrine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diatrizoate meglumine Diatrizoate Meglumine: A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.. meglumine amidotrizoate : The N-methylglucamine salt of amidotrizoic acid. Both the sodium and the meglumine salts of amidotrizoic acid have been widely used as water-soluble radioopaque media in diagnostic radiography. The use of a mixture of the two salts is often preferred, as adverse effects can be reduced. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid anion | radioopaque medium |
| 2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent. | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | naphthol | antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina. | 2 | 1 | 0 | methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist |
| 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt: A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. | 2 | 1 | 0 | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines | |
| acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene | genotoxin |
| indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | indazole | |
| benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent | |
| cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diazine; pyrazines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 5 | 40 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
| perfluorotributylamine perfluorotributylamine: perfluorochemical (3M Co) artificial O(2) carrier. perfluorotributylamine : An organofluorine compound that is tributylamine in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorine atoms. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organofluorine compound | blood substitute; greenhouse gas; solvent |
| evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | organic sodium salt | fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| monocrotaline Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment. | 3.98 | 4 | 0 | pyrrolizidine alkaloid | |
| aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | mixture | bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug |
| diazomethane Diazomethane: A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.. diazomethane : The simplest diazo compound, in which a diazo group is attached to a methylene group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | diazo compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; poison |
| methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ergoline alkaloid | |
| betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724) | 3.76 | 2 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent |
| hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | |
| dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354) | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| noramidopyrine noramidopyrine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-(methylamino)antipyrine : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methylamino group. It is a metabolite of aminopyrine and of metamizole. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug |
| medroxyprogesterone [no description available] | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 8 | 39 | 2 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound | epitope; explosive; reagent |
| paeonol paeonol: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | metabolite |
| hematoporphyrin Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| allyl sulfide allyl sulfide: essence of garlic; inhibits CYP2E1 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic sulfide | |
| acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
| benzydamine Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.. benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; indazoles; tertiary amino compound | analgesic; central nervous system stimulant; hallucinogen; local anaesthetic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| chromonar Chromonar: A coronary vasodilator agent. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | coumarins | |
| levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis. | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate hexamethylene diisocyanate : A diisocyanate compound with the two isocyanates linked by a hexane-1,6-diyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | diisocyanate | allergen; hapten |
| cytidine diphosphate choline Cytidine Diphosphate Choline: Donor of choline in biosynthesis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s; phosphocholines | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii). | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid; pyrazines | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| methylmercury hydroxide [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. | 7.45 | 23 | 1 | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite |
| tocopherols [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide | cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic |
| amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| flupenthixol Flupenthixol: A thioxanthene neuroleptic that, unlike CHLORPROMAZINE, is claimed to have CNS-activating properties. It is used in the treatment of psychoses although not in excited or manic patients. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p595). flupenthixol : A thioxanthene derivative having a trifluoromethyl substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)propylidene group at the 10-position with undefined double bond stereochemistry. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | thioxanthenes | |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose | metabolite |
| dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol | chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent |
| tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine | |
| dideoxyadenosine Dideoxyadenosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside | EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor |
| carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| 3-deazaadenosine 3-deazaadenosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| lanthanum [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom | |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | elemental mercury; zinc group element atom | neurotoxin |
| technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | manganese group element atom | |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| xenon Xenon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | monoatomic xenon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom | |
| magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt | anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent |
| mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed. | 3.81 | 4 | 0 | mercury coordination entity | sensitiser |
| sodium nitrate sodium nitrate : The inorganic nitrate salt of sodium. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | inorganic nitrate salt; inorganic sodium salt | fertilizer; NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | metal sulfate | emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
| fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| calcium pyrophosphate Calcium Pyrophosphate: An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS). | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
| ethinyl estradiol-norgestrel combination Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination: ETHINYL ESTRADIOL and NORGESTREL given in fixed proportions. | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs. | 4.32 | 6 | 0 | elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer |
| trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | titanium oxides | food colouring |
| apazone Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | benzotriazines | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; uricosuric drug |
| mopidamol Mopidamol: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor which inhibits platelet aggregation. Formerly used as an antineoplastic. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole | antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator |
| cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | organic sodium salt | anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen |
| isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | glucitol derivative; nitrate ester | nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 3.92 | 13 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
| fluorides [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic fluorine | |
| metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid | dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist |
| clonixin Clonixin: Anti-inflammatory analgesic.. clonixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks. | 4.06 | 3 | 1 | aminopyridine; organochlorine compound; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11h)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide: Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 3.81 | 3 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat. | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | chloride salt; organic chloride salt | antiseptic drug; surfactant |
| triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug |
| 4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. | 4.04 | 3 | 1 | benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | |
| transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| azoxymethane Azoxymethane: A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | timolol | anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist |
| substance p [no description available] | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | peptide | neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
| dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | catecholamine; secondary amine | beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid compounded with imidazole | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | |
| flunixin meglumine flunixin meglumine : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs. | 4.06 | 3 | 1 | organoammonium salt | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 3.51 | 8 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes | antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist |
| lodoxamide ethyl lodoxamide ethyl: inhibits anaphylactic reactions; structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tilomisole tilomisole: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| enkephalin, methionine Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nafazatrom [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 6.27 | 6 | 2 | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| bw-755c 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | ||
| colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
| sulotroban sulotroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist | 6.4 | 23 | 2 | ||
| fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya. | 3 | 4 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols | agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide |
| dazoxiben dazoxiben: RN given refers to parent cpd | 9.01 | 45 | 3 | ||
| lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). | 4.06 | 3 | 1 | delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring) | anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug |
| flupirtine flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine | |
| dazmegrel [no description available] | 7.58 | 25 | 2 | ||
| bm 13505 daltroban: thromboxane antagonist | 6.11 | 49 | 0 | ||
| simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic) | EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug |
| pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin. | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic) | anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic |
| pirmagrel pirmagrel: structure given in first source | 4.96 | 9 | 1 | ||
| rolafagrel rolafagrel: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| cilazapril, anhydrous Cilazapril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.. cilazapril : A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; pyridazinodiazepine | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug |
| fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zileuton [no description available] | 4.09 | 3 | 1 | 1-benzothiophenes; ureas | anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks. | 7.92 | 8 | 2 | methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine | anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | tetralins | T-type calcium channel blocker |
| bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline | non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| atorvastatin [no description available] | 3.5 | 1 | 1 | aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic) | environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 9.87 | 11 | 0 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| methylallyl trisulfide methylallyl trisulfide: platelet aggregation inhibitor in garlic | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 4.27 | 19 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| anisodamine anisodamine: alkaloid isolated from Chinese solanacea plant | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| acid citrate dextrose acid citrate dextrose: used as blood preservative; a mixture of dextrose, citric acid and trisodium citrate | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. | 2 | 1 | 0 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| tretoquinol Tretoquinol: An adrenergic beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator agent in asthma therapy. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| nictindole nictindole: structure | 3.34 | 7 | 0 | ||
| web 2086 WEB 2086: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| satigrel Satigrel: structure given in first source | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | ||
| methacycline [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diglyceride | |
| cetiedil cetiedil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | azepanes | |
| triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
| delphinidin Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.. delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin chloride | |
| talinolol [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| plafibride plafibride: morpholino-methylurea analog of clofibric acid | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| cloricromen cloricromen: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | coumarins | |
| fenflumizole fenflumizole: structure in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | nordihydroguaiaretic acid | antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite |
| tioxaprofen tioxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,2'-dithiobis(n-2-hydroxypropylbenzamide) 2,2'-dithiobis(N-2-hydroxypropylbenzamide): platelet aggregation inhibitor; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| marrubiin marrubiin: RN given for (2aS-(2aalpha,5abeta,6alpha,7alpha,8aalpha,8balpha))-isomer; often isolated from MARRUBIUM. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactone | |
| g 25671 G 25671: metabolite of sulfinpyrazone; inhibits human platelet cyclo-oxygenase activity | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 1-benzylimidazole 1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | ||
| rosiglitazone [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones | EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug |
| 2,6-dimethylacetaminophen 2,6-dimethylacetaminophen: structure given in first source; major urinary metabolite of lidocaine | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ro 22-3581 [no description available] | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | ||
| nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 4.77 | 10 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic |
| 3',5'-dimethylacetaminophen 3',5'-dimethylacetaminophen: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol. | 12.5 | 24 | 1 | iditol | fungal metabolite |
| 17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone 17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; hydroxypregnenolone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 5.04 | 5 | 2 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-hydroxypropranolol 4-hydroxypropranolol: metabolite of propanolol; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | naphthols | |
| acetylsalicylic acid lysinate acetylsalicylic acid lysinate: RN given refers to (L)-lysine, unspecified salicylate salt | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| monocrotaline pyrrole monocrotaline pyrrole: RN given refers to (13alpha,14alpha)-isomer | 3.76 | 3 | 0 | ||
| quin2 Quin2: fluorescent highly selective Ca indicator, binding Ca 1:1; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sr141716 [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amidopiperidine; carbohydrazide; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles | anti-obesity agent; appetite depressant; CB1 receptor antagonist |
| bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist |
| diacetyldichlorofluorescein diacetyldichlorofluorescein: stable storage form of dichlorofluorescein | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cp 96345 CP 96345: structure given in first source; potent nonpeptide antagonist of the substance P (NK1) receptor; CP 96344 is enantiomer of CP 96345 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1h-imidazole 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole: inhibits platelet aggregation & Ca2+ entry into platelets. SKF-96365 free base : An ether that is 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been substituted by a 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ether; imidazoles; monomethoxybenzene | TRP channel blocker |
| sr 48968 SR 48968: structure given in first source; neurokinin A antagonist; tachykinin receptor antagonist; SR 48965 is the inactive R-enantiomer of SR 48968 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fpl 55712 FPL 55712: inhibitor of SRS-A and LTC4 and LTD4 receptors | 3.67 | 10 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quin2-acetoxymethyl ester Quin2-acetoxymethyl ester: structure given in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| indobufen indobufen: thromboxane A2 antagonist | 3.79 | 2 | 1 | isoindoles | |
| perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| 1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. | 13.5 | 85 | 3 | 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pd 123177 PD 123177: nonpeptide angiotensin AII-2 inhibitor | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| bn 50739 BN 50739: platelet activating factor antagonist; structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran 2,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran: orally active & competitive receptor antagonist of platelet activating factor; structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ici 198615 ICI 198615: an LTD4 receptor antagonist; SRS-A antagonist; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nitroaspirin nitroaspirin: a nitric oxide donor | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | carbonyl compound | |
| 2-aminomethyl-4-t-butyl-6-iodophenol 2-aminomethyl-4-t-butyl-6-iodophenol: has gastric antisecretory activity; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | ||
| bw 245c BW 245C: a selective DP receptor agonist. BW 245C : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,4S)- and (3S,4R)-BW 245C. A hydantoin-based prostglandin analogue.. 7-[3-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]heptanoic acid : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is 7-(2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)heptanoic acid in which the imidazoline ring as substituted at position 3 by a 3-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl) group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol | |
| ar 12463 AR 12463: inhibits formation of thromboxane B2 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ah 6809 6-isopropoxy-9-oxoxanthene-2-carboxylic acid: structure given in UD | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | xanthones | |
| 3-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)-1-indoleoctanoic acid [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| parecoxib parecoxib: structure in first source. parecoxib : An N-acylsulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of valdecoxib with propionic acid. It is a prodrug for valdecoxib. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| methylthio-adp [no description available] | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | ||
| l 655240 L 655240: thromboxane and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; RN given is for parent cpd | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | methylindole | |
| luzindole luzindole: melatonin receptor antagonist; structure given in first source. luzindole : A member of the class of indoles that is tryptamine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by an acetyl group while the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a benzyl group. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; indoles | melatonin receptor antagonist |
| fpl 57231 FPL 57231: LTD4 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| florox reagent Florox Reagent: reagent for analysis of ketosteroids; structure | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES). | 2.61 | 2 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate salt | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| mk 0663 [no description available] | 5.02 | 2 | 1 | bipyridines; organochlorine compound; sulfone | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| 13-azaprostanoic acid 13-azaprostanoic acid: RN given refers to (1S-trans)-isomer | 3.91 | 13 | 0 | ||
| 4-carboxyfluorescein [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | fluorochrome |
| ramatroban [no description available] | 6.68 | 21 | 3 | organic molecular entity | |
| enkephalin, met(2)-pronh2(5)- [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bq 610 BQ 610: endothelin A receptor antagonist; endothelin-1 antagonist | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pd 145065 PD 145065: a non-selective endothelin(A)/endothelin(B) antagonist | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ra 642 RA 642: has central hypertensive properties; structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate: do not confuse with phosphatidylinositols which have fatty acids esterified at the C-1 and C-2 hydroxyl groups of glycerol | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| oky 025 1-carboxyheptylimidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sk&f 102081 5-(2-dodecylphenyl)-4,6-dithianonanedioic acid: RN & structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sk&f 102922 5-(2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl)-4,6-dithianonanedioic acid: RN & structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| l 640035 L 640035: inhibits human platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, collagen & prostaglandin endoperoxide analog of U44069 | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ||
| l 670596 L 670596: thromboxane and prostaglondin endoperoxide receptor antagoist; structure given in first source | 3.48 | 8 | 0 | carbazoles | |
| l 636499 [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cgs 22652 CGS 22652: has thromboxane receptor antagonism combined with thromboxane synthase inhibition; structure given in first source | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent. | 4.3 | 4 | 1 | amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| 5'-(4-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl)adenosine 5'-(4-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl)adenosine: affinity label of the inhibitory DPNH site of bovine liver dehydrogenase; adenosylhomocysteinase antagonist; structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| triiodothyronine L-homocysteine thiolactone : A thiolactone arising from formal condensation of the mercapto (sulfanyl) and carboxylic acid groups of L-homocysteine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | tetrahydrothiophenes; thiolactone | human metabolite |
| diphloretin phosphate [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-2-propyl-n-palmitoyl-cysteinyl-seryl-seryl-asparaginyl-alanine 2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-2-propyl-N-palmitoyl-cysteinyl-seryl-seryl-asparaginyl-alanine: mitogen from E coli lipoprotein; synthetic lipopeptide; analogue of the N-terminal part of bacterial lipoprotein; constitutes a potent macrophage & B lymphocyte activator | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity. | 3.83 | 2 | 1 | amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| phorbols Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium). | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| 2,3-dinor-6,15-diketo-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin f1alpha 2,3-dinor-6,15-diketo-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F1alpha: formed from 6-keto-PGF1alpha by Mycobacterium rhodochrous; RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,2beta,3alpha,5alpha))-isomer; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. | 9.58 | 13 | 5 | methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| prostaglandins b Prostaglandins B: Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They are potent pressor substances and have many other physiological activities. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tartrazine Tartrazine: An anionic, hydrophilic azo dye with an orange-yellow color used in fabrics, foods and cosmetics, and as a biological stain.. tartrazine : An organic sodium salt which is the trisodium salt of tartrazine acid. A synthetic lemon yellow azo dye used as a food colouring. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m pentetate Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate: A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 8.59 | 45 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
| ro 21-7634 2-methoxy-11-oxo-11H-pyrido(2,1-b)quinazoline-8-carboxylic acid: NM same as N1 (9CI); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 4-aminobenzoic acid-n-mannoside 4-aminobenzoic acid-N-mannoside: RN given refers to D-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 4/88 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7-hydroxy-5,11-dioxotetranorprostane-1,16-dioic acid [no description available] | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | prostanoid | |
| sb 203580 [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide | EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent |
| organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion | |
| propargylglycine propargylglycine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4,7,10,13-eicosatetraynoic acid 4,7,10,13-eicosatetraynoic acid: inhibits synthesis of 12-L-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetranorprostanedioic acid tetranorprostanedioic acid: metabolite of prostaglandins | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| uk 34787 UK 34787: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| coriolin coriolin: sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from Coriolus consors; structure in third source | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| firocoxib firocoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor; structure in first source. firocoxib : An enol ether that is the cyclopropylmethyl ether of 3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]furan-2-one. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in horses and dogs. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | butenolide; cyclopropanes; enol ether; sulfone | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| succinobucol succinobucol: monosuccinic acid ester of probucol; a metabolically stable modification of probucol, an equipotent antioxidant to probucol but is pharmacologically distinct | 3.43 | 1 | 1 | benzoate ester; phenols | |
| cortisone [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2-hydroxyestradiol 2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-hydroxy steroid | carcinogenic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug |
| benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring. | 5.45 | 15 | 1 | ||
| wortmannin [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent |
| fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot. | 5.09 | 5 | 0 | peptide | |
| bradykinin [no description available] | 7.08 | 36 | 0 | oligopeptide | human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| elastin [no description available] | 3.46 | 2 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| raffinose Raffinose: A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.. raffinose : A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | raffinose family oligosaccharide; trisaccharide | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. | 3.46 | 2 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone | oxytocic; vasodilator agent |
| pantetheine Pantetheine: An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.. pantetheine : An amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pantothenic acid and the amino group of cysteamine. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | pantetheines; thiol | human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |
| puromycin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | puromycins | antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| phalloidine Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | homodetic cyclic peptide | |
| bq 123 cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu): derived from the modification of a natural lead of BE-18257B, an endothelin A receptor antagonist; has neuroprotective activity; amino acid sequence given in first source | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | cyclic peptide | |
| n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor. | 4.32 | 6 | 0 | tripeptide | |
| teprotide Teprotide: A synthetic nonapeptide (Pyr-Trp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gln-Ile-Pro-Pro) which is identical to the peptide from the venom of the snake, Bothrops jararaca. It inhibits kininase II and ANGIOTENSIN I and has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| ergonovine Ergonovine: An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.. ergometrine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | diagnostic agent; fungal metabolite; oxytocic; toxin |
| metrizamide Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | amino sugar | |
| tibolone tibolone: used in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. tibolone : Estran-3-one with a double bond between positions 5 and 10, and bearing both an ethynyl group and a hydroxy group at position 17 (R-configuration). A synthetic steroid hormone drug which acts as an agonist at all five type I steroid hormone receptors, it is used in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and for treatment of endometriosis. | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | bone density conservation agent; hormone agonist |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 3.5 | 2 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 16.65 | 363 | 7 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| prostaglandin h2 Prostaglandin H2: A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is further converted by a series of specific enzymes to the series 2 prostaglandins. | 6.59 | 28 | 0 | olefinic compound; oxylipin; prostaglandins H; secondary alcohol | mouse metabolite |
| oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | octadec-9-enoic acid | antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent |
| tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | macrolide lactam | bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ferulic acids | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite |
| cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17. | 12.15 | 52 | 6 | icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone | calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
| y 27632 Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| prostaglandin d2 Prostaglandin D2: The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects.. prostaglandin D2 : A member of the class of prostaglandins D that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9 and 15 and an oxo group at position 11 (the 5Z,9alpha,13E,15S- stereoisomer). | 11.11 | 35 | 3 | prostaglandins D | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | olefinic compound; polyphenol | antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen |
| eptifibatide [no description available] | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | homodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; organic disulfide | anticoagulant; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| pantethine pantethine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. pantethine : An organic disulfide that consists of two molecules of pantothenic acid linked by amide bonds to a cysteamine disulfide bridging group. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | organic disulfide | coenzyme; nutraceutical |
| dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015) | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | actinomycin | mutagen |
| enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion | analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite |
| riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms). | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | flavin; vitamin B2 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | organic sodium salt | anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug |
| tolfenamic acid tolfenamic acid: structure. tolfenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity. | 3.75 | 2 | 1 | aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| carbenoxolone sodium Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes | antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent |
| glycosides [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | chalcone | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor |
| isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | isomethyleugenol | |
| piperine piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles; N-acylpiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary carboxamide | food component; human blood serum metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | stilbene | |
| isoliquiritigenin [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | chalcones | antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist |
| arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. | 4.45 | 7 | 0 | vasopressin | cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen |
| pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | diphosphate ion | |
| mezlocillin Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| sesquiterpenes [no description available] | 3.48 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | catechols; polyphenol; resorcinols; stilbenol | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| 3,4-methylenedioxy-beta-nitrostyrene 3,4-methylenedioxy-beta-nitrostyrene: tyrosine kinase inhibitor that prevents platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alpha-naphthyl thiourea alpha-naphthyl thiourea: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenes | |
| urb 754 URB 754: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid | antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| flunarizine Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| hc 030031 2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-7H-purin-7-yl)-N-(4-isopropylphenyl)acetamide: a TRPA1 channel blocker | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones | antithyroid drug |
| urb 597 cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound | anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist |
| sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. | 5.3 | 7 | 2 | monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide | analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent |
| capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | capsaicinoid | non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| 1,3-dimethylthiourea [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| tamoxifen [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
| thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic |
| lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxide | |
| burimamide Burimamide: An antagonist of histamine that appears to block both H2 and H3 histamine receptors. It has been used in the treatment of ulcers. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 9-diazomethylanthracene 9-diazomethylanthracene: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ifetroban ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 4.17 | 17 | 0 | ||
| chloramine-t chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | allergen; antifouling biocide; disinfectant |
| l 663536 MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | aryl sulfide; indoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist |
| alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles | angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | sphing-4-enine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quercetin [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| bilirubin [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 13.37 | 178 | 1 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 13.43 | 132 | 4 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| leukotriene a4 Leukotriene A4: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)))-3-(1,3,5,8-Tetradecatetraenyl)oxiranebutanoic acid. An unstable allylic epoxide, formed from the immediate precursor 5-HPETE via the stereospecific removal of a proton at C-10 and dehydration. Its biological actions are determined primarily by its metabolites, i.e., LEUKOTRIENE B4 and cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Alternatively, leukotriene A4 is converted into LEUKOTRIENE C4 by glutathione-S-transferase or into 5,6-di-HETE by the epoxide-hydrolase. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene A4 : A leukotriene that is the (5S,6S)-epoxy derivative of (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid. | 5.41 | 6 | 0 | epoxy fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid; oxylipin; polyunsaturated fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 5.67 | 19 | 1 | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
| calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol | antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. | 3.42 | 1 | 1 | carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene | antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. | 17.61 | 75 | 2 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent |
| leukotriene c4 Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | leukotriene | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation. | 18.82 | 666 | 18 | epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A | mouse metabolite |
| daphnetin [no description available] | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | |
| 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: A 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. It differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5.. all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid : An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14. | 5.71 | 11 | 0 | fatty acid 20:3; long-chain fatty acid | fungal metabolite; human metabolite; nutraceutical |
| 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin e2 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin E2: RN given refers to (5Z,11alpha)-isomer; structure in first source. 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin E2 : The 13,14-dihydro derivative of 15-oxo-prostaglandin E2. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins E | |
| alprostadil [no description available] | 6.74 | 25 | 0 | prostaglandins E | anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 5(S)-HETE : A HETE having a (5S)-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.. 5-HETE : A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | HETE | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| leukotriene d4 Leukotriene D4: One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene D4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and a L-cysteinylglycinyl group at position 6 (6R). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| leukotriene e4 Leukotriene E4: A biologically active principle of SRS-A that is formed from LEUKOTRIENE D4 via a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue. The biological actions of LTE4 are similar to LTC4 and LTD4. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene E4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and an L-cystein-S-yl group at position 6 (6R). | 5.18 | 3 | 1 | amino dicarboxylic acid; L-cysteine thioether; leukotriene; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; secondary alcohol | |
| prostaglandin g2 [no description available] | 3.76 | 3 | 0 | prostaglandins G | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 15-ketoprostaglandin f2alpha [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins Falpha | |
| 6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position. | 19.58 | 326 | 22 | prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 11-dehydro-thromboxane b2 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2: structure given in first source. 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 : A thromboxane obtained by formal oxidation of the hemiacetal hydroxy function of thromboxane B2. | 9.37 | 31 | 8 | thromboxane | human metabolite |
| arachidonic acid omega-9 hydroperoxide 12-HPETE: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; 12-HPETE may be used inconsistently in literature as synonym for cpds with various tetraene-locants; caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries. 12(S)-HPETE : The (S)-enantiomer of 12-HPETE. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | HPETE | mouse metabolite |
| lipoxin a4 lipoxin A4: an antifibrolytic agent; structure given in first source; a role in ASPIRIN antiinflammatory activity. lipoxin A4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds. | 3.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; lipoxin; long-chain fatty acid | human metabolite; metabolite |
| gamma-linolenic acid gamma-Linolenic Acid: An omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as PGE1. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). gamma-linolenic acid : A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12. | 4.45 | 5 | 1 | linolenic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| alpha-linolenic acid linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | linolenic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| prostaglandin e3 prostaglandin E3: Structure | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite |
| prostaglandin f1 prostaglandin F1: was EN to PROSTAGLANDINS F (75-81); RN given refers to (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer | 8.69 | 19 | 1 | prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite |
| prostaglandin f3alpha prostaglandin F3alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 9alpha, 11alpha and 15. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins Falpha | |
| genistein [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen |
| montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines | anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist |
| ethchlorvynol Ethchlorvynol: A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.. ethchlorvynol : Propargyl alcohol in which the methylene hydrogens are substituted by ethyl and 2-chlorovinyl groups. A hypnotic and sedative, it is used for treatment of insomnia in some cases where an intolerance or allergy to more commonly used drugs exists. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| esculetin esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antioxidant; plant metabolite; ultraviolet filter |
| baicalein [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger |
| salvianolic acid a salvianolic acid A: a nootropic depside from Salvia miltiorrhizia | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| rottlerin rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis. | 2 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone | anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite |
| prostaglandin a1 [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins A | |
| anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4 | human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
| gefarnate Gefarnate: A water insoluble terpene fatty acid used in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers; it facilitates the healing and function of mucosal tissue. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide | anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent |
| 8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 6.1 | 9 | 1 | F2-isoprostane | biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| glyceryl 2-arachidonate glyceryl 2-arachidonate: binds to cannabinoid receptors; structure in first source. 2-arachidonoylglycerol : An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 2-acylglycerol 20:4; endocannabinoid | human metabolite |
| misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form. | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ozagrel ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer | 6.17 | 43 | 0 | cinnamic acids | |
| 13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid 13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid: found in biological membranes oxygenated by the reticulocyte lipoxygenase. 13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid : An oxooctadecadienoic acid that is 9,11-octadecadienoic acid in which the oxo group is located at position 13.. 13-oxo-9E,11E-ODE : An oxooctadecadienoic acid that consists of 9E,11E-octadecadienoic acid with the oxo substituent located at position 13. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid; oxo fatty acid | metabolite |
| 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin f2alpha 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2alpha: main metabolite of PGF2alpha in plasma after allergen provoked asthma; RN given refers to (5Z,9alpha,11alpha)-isomer; structure. 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha obtained by formal oxidation of the 15-hydroxy group and hydrogenation of the 13,14-double bond of prostaglandin F2alpha. | 5.29 | 13 | 1 | ketone; prostaglandins Falpha | metabolite |
| prostaglandin i3 [no description available] | 5.52 | 6 | 1 | prostanoid | |
| 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin f1alpha 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha: formed from 6-keto-PGF1alpha by Mycobacterium rhodochrous; RN given refers to (1R-(1alph,2beta(1E,3S*)))-isomer; structure given in first source. 2,3-dinor-6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostanoid that is prostaglandin F1alpha lacking two methylenes in the carboxyalkyl chain and bearing an oxo group at the 6-position. | 7.39 | 17 | 3 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; prostanoid; secondary alcohol | metabolite |
| leukotriene b5 leukotriene B5 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid | anti-inflammatory agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; rat metabolite |
| thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. | 19.48 | 854 | 46 | thromboxanes B | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2,3-dinor-thromboxane b2 [no description available] | 7.67 | 23 | 3 | thromboxane | |
| thromboxane a3 [no description available] | 4.4 | 8 | 0 | thromboxane | |
| thromboxane b3 thromboxane B3 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E,17Z)-thromboxa-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. | 7.49 | 14 | 4 | thromboxanes B | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: stimulator of renal sodium, potassium atpase; RN given is for the (all-Z) isomer. 20-HETE : A HETE that consists of arachidonic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 20. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | HETE; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide: 5-HPETE is used inconsistently in literature as syn for cpds with various tetraene locants; RN given refers to (6,8,11,14)-isomer; RN in CA Vol 91 Form Index for (E,Z,Z,Z)-isomer: 70968-82-0; RN for (5,8,11,13)-isomer: 71133-12-5; in Merck, arachidonic acid is the (5,8,11,14)-isomer. 5-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 5. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | HPETE | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 5,6-epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid 5,6-epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 5,6-EET : An EET obtained by formal epoxidation of the 5,6-double bond of arachidonic acid. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | EET | mouse metabolite |
| 8-isoprostaglandin e2 8-isoprostaglandin E2: RN given refers to (5Z,8 beta,11 alpha,13E,15S)-isomer; see also 8,12-epi-prostaglandin E2 & prostaglandin E2. 8-epi-prostaglandin E2 : A prostanoid that is prostaglandin E2 having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; diol; prostanoid; secondary alcohol | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; rat metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal | |
| n-oleoylethanolamine N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide. | 2 | 1 | 0 | endocannabinoid; N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine; N-acylethanolamine 18:1 | EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist |
| sphingosine 1-phosphate sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R*,S*-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89. sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | sphingoid 1-phosphate | mouse metabolite; signalling molecule; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist; T-cell proliferation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | |
| naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol | antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist |
| sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol | antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor |
| ah 23848 AH 23848: thromboxane antagonist. AH23848 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (1R,2R,5S)- and (1S,2S,5R)-enantiomers of (4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid. The hemicalcium salt is a potent, specific thromboxane receptor-blocking drug that is orally active and has a long duration of action.. (1R,2R,5S)-AH23848 : A (4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid in which the stereocentres at positions 1, 2 and 5 have R-, R- and S-configuration respectively. | 5.66 | 19 | 1 | (4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoic acid | |
| cicaprost cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R*,4R*),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis. | 3.34 | 1 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist |
| cloprostenol Cloprostenol: A synthetic prostaglandin F2alpha analog. The compound has luteolytic effects and is used for the synchronization of estrus in cattle. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | prostanoid | |
| deamino arginine vasopressin Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide | diagnostic agent; renal agent; vasopressin receptor agonist |
| iloprost Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension. | 3.68 | 10 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol | platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl. | 4.82 | 6 | 0 | 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound | actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| neurokinin a Neurokinin A: A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ B with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the BRONCHI. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ono 3708 ONO 3708: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| u 44069 U 44069: has contractile effect on rat pulmonary veins & arteries; a thromboxane-A2 mimetic | 3.76 | 11 | 0 | prostanoid | |
| thromboxane a2, carbocyclic carbocyclic thromboxane A2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes that is thromboxane A2 in which the bridging oxygen has been replaced by a methylene group. | 3.66 | 10 | 0 | ||
| sq 30741 SQ 30741: antithrombotic; structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist | 3.81 | 4 | 0 | ||
| sq 29548 SQ 29548: SQ-26538 is the ((1S-1alpha,2beta(5Z),3beta(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer; thromboxane A2 antagonist; thromboxane receptor antagonist | 5 | 40 | 0 | ||
| s 145 S 145: TXA2/PGH2 receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (+)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 10/88; S-1452 is the calcium hydrate form of S-145 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| sulprostone sulprostone: structure | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | prostanoid | |
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid: metabolite of arachidonic acid in blood platelet suspension; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 5.05 | 10 | 1 | hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; long-chain fatty acid; trienoic fatty acid | metabolite |
| tin [no description available] | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental tin; metal atom | micronutrient |
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51) | 5.27 | 17 | 0 | ||
| 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide) | |
| 15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110) | 7.59 | 136 | 1 | ||
| aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom | |
| strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | alkaline earth metal atom | |
| lasalocid Lasalocid: Cationic ionophore antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces lasaliensis that, among other effects, dissociates the calcium fluxes in muscle fibers. It is used as a coccidiostat, especially in poultry.. lasalocid : A polyether antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | beta-hydroxy ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; oxanes; oxolanes; polyether antibiotic; secondary alcohol; tertiary alcohol | bacterial metabolite; coccidiostat; ionophore |
| ridogrel [no description available] | 4.33 | 6 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes | |
| sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| ethyl arachidonate ethyl arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester | human blood serum metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| ajoene ajoene: major antiplatelet compound in methanol extract of garlic; also inhibits trypanothione reductase. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | sulfoxide | |
| enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration). | 4.45 | 5 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug |
| beryllium Beryllium: An element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as BERYLLIOSIS.. beryllium atom : Alkaline earth metal atom with atomic number 4. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | alkaline earth metal atom; elemental beryllium; metal allergen | adjuvant; carcinogenic agent; epitope |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 4.91 | 6 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086]. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | |
| phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen | macronutrient |
| enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| strontium radioisotopes Strontium Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of strontium that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. Sr 80-83, 85, and 89-95 are radioactive strontium isotopes. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| triolein Triolein: (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester.. triolein : A triglyceride formed by esterification of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol with oleic acid. Triolein is one of the two components of Lorenzo's oil. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | triglyceride | Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite; plant metabolite |
| docosapentaenoic acid docosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C22 fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid : The all-cis-isomer of a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five double bonds in the 7-, 10-, 13-, 16- and 19-positions. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | docosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | algal metabolite; human metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxy-xanthone 3,4-dihydroxy-xanthone: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ajmaline Ajmaline: An alkaloid found in the root of RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA, among other plant sources. It is a class 1-A antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.. ajmaline : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that consists of ajmalan substituted at positions 17 and 21 by hydroxy groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ono 1301 ONO 1301: a non-prostanoid prostaglandin I2 mimetic coumpound with inhibitory activity against thromboxane A2 synthase; structure given in first source | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
| saralasin Saralasin: An octapeptide analog of angiotensin II (bovine) with amino acids 1 and 8 replaced with sarcosine and alanine, respectively. It is a highly specific competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II that is used in the diagnosis of HYPERTENSION. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 5.16 | 3 | 1 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid Fluvastatin: An indole-heptanoic acid derivative that inhibits HMG COA REDUCTASE and is used to treat HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. In contrast to other statins, it does not appear to interact with other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4.. (3S,5S,6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.. fluvastatin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. | 3.37 | 1 | 1 | (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid | |
| ethyl linolenate ethyl linolenate : A long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of linolenic acid with the hydroxy group of ethanol. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pregnanediol [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alpha-bulnesene alpha-bulnesene: platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist from Pogostemon cablin; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid 6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid: combined thromboxane A2 receptor & thromboxane synthesis inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (E)-isomer | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nileprost nileprost: stable prostacyclin analog; RN given refers to (E)-(3aR,4R,5R,6aS)(E)-(3S,4RS)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; (S-(E,Z,Z,Z))-isomer caused dose-dependent constriction of cat coronary arteries; structure in first source. 15-HPETE : A HPETE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 15. | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | HPETE | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| linoleylanilide linoleylanilide: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. linoleylanilide : A fatty amide conjugate of linoleic acid and aniline. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | anilide; fatty amide | |
| piriprost piriprost: structure given in first source | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 2-methyl-3-(4-(3-pyridinylmethyl)phenyl)-2-propenoic acid 2-methyl-3-(4-(3-pyridinylmethyl)phenyl)-2-propenoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer | 6.4 | 33 | 0 | ||
| i-pta-oh I-PTA-OH: prostaglandin H antag and thromboxane A2 antag | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid 7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor agonist; RN given refers to the (125I) labeled cpd | 3.93 | 13 | 0 | ||
| bwa 4c [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ono 4057 ONO-LB 457: LTB4 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ici 192605 ICI 192605: structure given in first source; thromboxane receptor antagonist | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gr 63799x GR 63799X: prostanoid with selectivity for EP3 receptors; structure given in first source; EP3 receptor agonist | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| ono 11120 ONO 11120: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sq 26536 SQ 26536: SQ 26,538 is the 15-epimer of SQ 26,536; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1S-(1alpha,2alpha(Z)(1E,3R*),4alpha))-isomer | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 11-dehydro-2,3-dinor-thromboxane b2 [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sq 80338 1-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-1H-imidazole: potent thromboxane synthetase inhibitor | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| terbogrel [no description available] | 4.72 | 2 | 1 | diterpene glycoside | |
| cyclosporin g cyclosporin G: similar immunosuppressive actions as cyclosporin, but without nephrotoxic side effects; cyclosporin A analog; MW 1217 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist | 3.77 | 3 | 0 | ||
| isbogrel isbogrel: specific thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine: A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | nitroso compound; nitrosothio compound | nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| suloctidil Suloctidil: A peripheral vasodilator that was formerly used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is hepatotoxic and fatalities have occurred. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312) | 4.45 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 8-bromo-beta-phenyl-1,n(2)-ethenoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate 8-bromo-beta-phenyl-1,N(2)-ethenoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate: RN refers to (S)-isomer; protein kinase G inhibitor; structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| enkephalin, leucine-2-alanine Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine: A delta-selective opioid (ANALGESICS, OPIOID). It can cause transient depression of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| enkephalin-leu, ala(2)-arg(6)- enkephalin-Leu, Ala(2)-Arg(6)-: RN refers to (L-Arg-L-Tyr-D-Ala-L-Phe-L-Leu)-isomer | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| beraprost beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | enyne; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol; secondary allylic alcohol | anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin receptor agonist; vasodilator agent |
| vapiprost vapiprost: thromboxane receptor antagonist; prostaglandin receptor antagonist | 6.36 | 15 | 3 | ||
| phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phosphagen; phosphoamino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| ep 045 EP 045: thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 4.56 | 8 | 0 | ||
| sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| rwj-56110 RWJ-56110: a PAR-1 antagonist; structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cangrelor cangrelor: platelet P(2T) receptor antagonist. cangrelor : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is 5'-O-[({[dichloro(phosphono)methyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]adenosine carrying additional 2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl and (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfanyl substituents at positions N6 and C2 respectively. Used (in the form of its tetrasodium salt) as an intravenous antiplatelet drug that prevents formation of harmful blood clots in the coronary arteries. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; aryl sulfide; nucleoside triphosphate analogue; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound | P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 4.47 | 5 | 1 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| rivaroxaban Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; lactam; monocarboxylic acid amide; morpholines; organochlorine compound; oxazolidinone; thiophenes | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor |
| lipid a Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dodecanoate ester; lipid A; tetradecanoate ester | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| naproxen-n-butyl nitrate naproxen-n-butyl nitrate: a nitric oxide-releasing NSAID derivative. naproxcinod : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of naproxen with the hydroxy group of 4-(nitrooxy)butanol. A cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator that is metabolised to naproxen and a nitric oxide donating moiety, effective in treatment of osteoarthritis. | 2 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic ester; methoxynaphthalene; nitrate ester | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| ym-254890 YM-254890: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tocotrienols tocotrienol : A tocol in which the hydrocarbon chain at position 2 contains three double bonds. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | diterpenoid | |
| terutroban terutroban: a thromboxan receptor antagonist | 3.44 | 1 | 1 | ||
| bx795 BX795: structure in first source | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | ureas | |
| prasugrel hydrochloride Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels. | 4.15 | 3 | 1 | ||
| dimethylarginine dimethylarginine: structure in first source. dimethylarginine : An arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups. A "closed" class. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sq 28668 SQ 28668: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1alpha,2alpha(Z),3alpha(1E,3S*4R*),4alpha)-isomer; thromboxane A2 antagonist | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | nystatins | |
| losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. | 7.82 | 57 | 1 | benzoxazole | |
| indocyanine green Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye | |
| pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). | 7.33 | 18 | 0 | ||
| thienopyridine thienopyridine: patients were treated with thienopyridine after percutaneous coronary intervention; Antiplatelet Agents. thienopyridine : Any organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton results from the formal ortho-fusion of any bond of a pyridine with any bond of a thiophene. | 3.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ataprost [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ci 959 CI 959: antiallergy compound; inhibits thromboxanes | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyanidin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside: a natural compound distributed in several fruits & vegetables, such as strawberry, rhubarb, cherry, red cabbage, red onion, cranberries, etc. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| protectin d1 protectin D1: a docosahexaenoic acid-derived docosatriene protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress; structure in first source. protectin D1 : A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 10 and 17 (the 10R,17S-stereoisomer). Protectin D1 is one of the specialised proresolving mediators. When produced in neural tissues, it is called neuroprotectin D1 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid; protectin; secondary allylic alcohol | anti-inflammatory agent; apoptosis inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; human xenobiotic metabolite; neuroprotective agent; PPARgamma agonist; specialised pro-resolving mediator |
| 17,18-epoxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 17,18-epoxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid: can be metabolized to novel epoxyprostaglandins | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | EpETE | metabolite |
| motilin Motilin: A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulating effect. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| atrial natriuretic factor Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS. | 4.28 | 4 | 1 | polypeptide | |
| thrombin receptor peptide (42-55) thrombin receptor peptide (42-55): tethered ligand exposed by cleavage of platelet thrombin receptor by thrombin, activates platelets and induces platelet activation; amino acid sequence given in first source; do not confuse with other TRAP (CD40L, MtrB, TRAP protocol, or thrombospondin related anonymous protein) | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | peptide hormone | |
| ularitide Ularitide: a 32-amino acid peptide derived from (95-126 residues) of ANP PROHORMONE (1-126 residues); not biologically inactivated by a peptidase from dog kidney cortex membranes | 3.79 | 2 | 1 | ||
| irl 1620 sovateltide: a potent, specific ligand for the endothelin-B receptor | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| c-peptide C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| natriuretic peptide, c-type Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type: A PEPTIDE of 22 amino acids, derived mainly from cells of VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM. It is also found in the BRAIN, major endocrine glands, and other tissues. It shares structural homology with ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR. It has vasorelaxant activity thus is important in the regulation of vascular tone and blood flow. Several high molecular weight forms containing the 22 amino acids have been identified. | 3.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ristocetin Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia. | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | glycopeptide; heterodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; tetrasaccharide derivative | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; platelet-activating factor receptor agonist |
| cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | glycoside | |
| endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63) | 6.65 | 16 | 1 | ||
| phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 5.85 | 7 | 1 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| phenylmercuric acetate Phenylmercuric Acetate: A phenyl mercury compound used mainly as a fungicide. Has also been used as a herbicide, slimicide, and bacteriocide. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | arylmercury compound; benzenes | |
| 4-aminophenylmercuriacetate 4-aminophenylmercuriacetate: covalently linked to agarose for purification of FAD & COA with chromatography | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | alkylmercury compound | antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen |
| nsc 23766 NSC 23766 trihydrochloride : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of NSC 23766 with 3 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride. An inhibitor of the signalling G-protein known as RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1).. Rac1 inhibitor : Any inhibitor of Rac1. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.6.5.2 (small monomeric GTPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist |
| sodium salicylate [no description available] | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| calpain Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organic lithium salt | fluorochrome |
| triletide triletide: thromboxane A2 antagonist | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide | |
| rs 5186 RS 5186: structure given in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-hydroxymercuribenzoate [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| kw 3635 KW 3635: structure given in first source; thromboxane A2 antagonist | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| n 0164 N 0164: RN given refers to Na salt; structure | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| y 20811 Y 20811: structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | ||
| fibrinopeptide a Fibrinopeptide A: Two small peptide chains removed from the N-terminal segment of the alpha chains of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin during the blood coagulation process. Each peptide chain contains 18 amino acid residues. In vivo, fibrinopeptide A is used as a marker to determine the rate of conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin. | 5.36 | 4 | 1 | ||
| pinane-thromboxane a2 pinane-thromboxane A2: RN given refers to (1S-(1a alpha,2 beta(Z),3 alpha(1E,3S*),5 alpha))-isomer; structure in second source | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | ||
| 11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid 11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (11S,12R)-EET : An 11,12-EET in which the epoxy moiety has 11S,12R-configuration.. 11,12-EET : An EET obtained by formal epoxidation of the 11,12-double bond of arachidonic acid. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 11,12-EET | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| a 967079 A 967079: a TRPA1 channel antagonist; structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| triiodothyronine, reverse Triiodothyronine, Reverse: A metabolite of THYROXINE, formed by the peripheral enzymatic monodeiodination of T4 at the 5 position of the inner ring of the iodothyronine nucleus.. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion : Zwitterionic form of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine; amino acid zwitterion | |
| glycolipids [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| m&b 28,767 11-deoxy-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranorprostaglandin E1: an EP3 agonist; RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2beta(1E,3R*)))-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 3.85 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid 11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; a major acidic metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol in human urine | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzopyran | |
| fosinopril Fosinopril: A phosphinic acid-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of hypertension. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite fosinoprilat.. fosinopril : A phosphinate ester-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. A pro-drug, it is hydrolysed in vivo to the corresponding phosphininc acid, fosinoprilat, which is the active metabolite. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE). | 4.27 | 3 | 0 | ||
| heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| leukotoxin leukotoxin: do not confuse with leukotoxin which is 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoate | 3.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tuftsin Tuftsin: N(2)-((1-(N(2)-L-Threonyl)-L-lysyl)-L-prolyl)-L-arginine. A tetrapeptide produced in the spleen by enzymatic cleavage of a leukophilic gamma-globulin. It stimulates the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and neutrophils in particular. The peptide is located in the Fd fragment of the gamma-globulin molecule. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| propenylphosphonic acid 6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanoic acid: inhibits rat renal microsomal arachidonic acid epoxidation | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. | 6.39 | 13 | 1 | monohydroxybenzoate | plant metabolite |
| piroxicam [no description available] | 3.76 | 2 | 1 | benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines | analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone | |
| sch 37224 Sch 37224: structure in first source; inhibits leukotriene formation; inhibits thromboxane B2 release | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| choline magnesium trisalicylate [no description available] | 3.76 | 2 | 1 | ||
| epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 3.84 | 4 | 0 | ||
| ep 092 EP 092: thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist; structure given in first source | 3.58 | 9 | 0 | ||
| lipoxin b4 lipoxin B4: structure in first source. lipoxin B4 : A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (14R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (6E)- (8Z)-, (10E)- and (12E)-double bonds.. lipoxin B4(1-) : A hydroxy fatty acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of lipoxin B4: major species at pH 7.3. | 3.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy fatty acid anion; lipoxin anion | |
| kiss1 protein, human Kisspeptins: Intercellular signaling peptides that were originally characterized by their ability to suppress NEOPLASM METASTASIS. Kisspeptins have since been found to play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of REPRODUCTION. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hirudin Hirudin: A 65-residue polypeptide from LEECHES. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoyl glycerol [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | angiotensin; peptide zwitterion | human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent |
| sta 2 STA 2: thromboxane A2 agonist; structure given in first source | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| ginkgolide b [no description available] | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ||
| vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12. | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ecallantide ecallantide: an NSAID and analgesic | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 6.14 | 13 | 0 | ||
| cytochalasin d Cytochalasin D: A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.. cytochalasin D : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| apyrase Apyrase: A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | ||
| thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. | 5.56 | 9 | 0 | ||
| amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chondroitin sulfates Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate. | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| promega Promega: refined fish-oil product concentrated in long-chain polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids; principal fatty acids are 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid & 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prajmaline Prajmaline: A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid AJMALINE. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent but may cause liver damage. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 10.54 | 24 | 4 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyguanosine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| hypoxanthine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | fundamental metabolite |
| inosine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 3.79 | 2 | 1 | folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient |
| allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound | antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger |
| 8-bromocyclic gmp 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic GMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the guanine ring. A membrane permeable cGMP analogue that activates protein kinase G (PKG). It is 4.3-fold more potent than cGMP in activating PKG1alpha and promotes relaxation of tracheal and vascular smooth muscle tissue in vitro. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; organobromine compound | muscle relaxant; protein kinase G agonist |
| 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 2 | 1 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |
| defibrotide defibrotide: Single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide extracted from mammalian organs and used in the treatment of HEPATIC VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE in patients with kidney or lung abnormalities following HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | ||
| dibutyryl cyclic gmp Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP: N-(1-Oxobutyl)-cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)-2'-butanoate guanosine. A derivative of cyclic GMP. It has a higher resistance to extracellular and intracellular phosphodiesterase than cyclic GMP. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| eye [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetrafluoroaluminate tetrafluoroaluminate: induces inositol phosphate formation | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychoses [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994) | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 4.24 | 6 | 0 |
| Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 6.36 | 15 | 1 |
| Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 6.36 | 15 | 1 |
| Hemorrhagic Thrombocythemia [description not available] | 0 | 3.92 | 2 | 1 |
| Thrombocythemia, Essential A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number of circulating platelets. | 0 | 3.92 | 2 | 1 |
| 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.82 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 5.56 | 17 | 1 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 4.68 | 10 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 11.67 | 85 | 2 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 16.67 | 85 | 2 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. | 0 | 4.68 | 11 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 13.11 | 92 | 8 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 18.11 | 92 | 8 |
| Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 0 |
| Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 0 |
| Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 10.91 | 38 | 6 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 10.91 | 38 | 6 |
| Acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Electron Transport Chain Deficiencies, Mitochondrial [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 6.2 | 33 | 0 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.48 | 5 | 0 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 4.48 | 5 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial Diseases Diseases caused by abnormal function of the MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 8.5 | 119 | 0 |
| Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Mastitis INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available] | 0 | 10 | 44 | 1 |
| Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES. | 0 | 10 | 44 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 9.5 | 18 | 6 |
| Impotence [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 9.5 | 18 | 6 |
| Erectile Dysfunction The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 12.99 | 78 | 2 |
| Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis [description not available] | 0 | 10.71 | 43 | 2 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 12.99 | 78 | 2 |
| Pre-Eclampsia A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease. | 0 | 10.71 | 43 | 2 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 15.35 | 164 | 10 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Aspirin Induced Asthma [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Sinus Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 6.36 | 13 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 6.36 | 13 | 0 |
| Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years. | 0 | 3.52 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available] | 0 | 3.52 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 5.31 | 2 | 1 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 5.31 | 2 | 1 |
| Congenital Familial Lymphedema [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphedema Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or disorders of the lymph nodes. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 6.76 | 23 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. | 0 | 6.76 | 23 | 1 |
| Cerebral Malaria [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Impaired Glucose Tolerance [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Glucose Intolerance A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Post Exercise Hypotension [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.67 | 6 | 1 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.67 | 6 | 1 |
| Bleb [description not available] | 0 | 4.28 | 4 | 1 |
| Bullous Dermatoses [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 12.47 | 22 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 11 | 0 |
| Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 3.79 | 11 | 0 |
| Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Depression, Endogenous [description not available] | 0 | 4.72 | 2 | 1 |
| Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. | 0 | 4.72 | 2 | 1 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 4.98 | 9 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 4.98 | 9 | 0 |
| Thrombocytopathy [description not available] | 0 | 8.03 | 29 | 0 |
| Blood Platelet Disorders Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function. | 0 | 8.03 | 29 | 0 |
| HbS Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S. | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Auricular Fibrillation [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 4 | 0 |
| Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. | 0 | 2.96 | 4 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 17.07 | 44 | 3 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 8.51 | 14 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 11.18 | 55 | 10 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 8.51 | 14 | 1 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 11.18 | 55 | 10 |
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 9.01 | 68 | 0 |
| Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 5.93 | 18 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS. | 0 | 10.93 | 18 | 0 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Goldblatt Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 4.29 | 7 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renovascular Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression. | 0 | 4.29 | 7 | 0 |
| Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 6.15 | 6 | 2 |
| Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 6.15 | 6 | 2 |
| Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 8.85 | 15 | 2 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. | 0 | 8.85 | 15 | 2 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 4.16 | 6 | 0 |
| Apnea, Obstructive Sleep [description not available] | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Sleep Apnea, Obstructive A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395) | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Neurogenic Inflammation Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides which affect vascular permeability and help initiate proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Allergic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 11.29 | 12 | 0 |
| Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. | 0 | 6.29 | 12 | 0 |
| Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY. | 0 | 4.54 | 5 | 0 |
| Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. | 0 | 4.54 | 5 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 3.29 | 6 | 0 |
| HIV Coinfection [description not available] | 0 | 4.39 | 1 | 1 |
| HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). | 0 | 4.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 6.32 | 27 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 6.32 | 27 | 0 |
| Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 5.64 | 5 | 4 |
| Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 6.67 | 9 | 1 |
| Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. | 0 | 6.67 | 9 | 1 |
| Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 13.45 | 110 | 8 |
| Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 13.45 | 110 | 8 |
| Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 5.97 | 26 | 1 |
| Hyperventilation A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiac Edema [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema, Cardiac Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME). | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 5.26 | 8 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 5.26 | 8 | 0 |
| Binge Alcohol Consumption [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| ACD-MPV [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT) and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT). | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Diseases, Peripheral Vascular [description not available] | 0 | 3.86 | 2 | 0 |
| Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART. | 0 | 3.86 | 2 | 0 |
| Left Heart Hypoplasia Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole left half of the heart. It is characterized by hypoplasia of the left cardiac chambers (HEART ATRIUM; HEART VENTRICLE), the AORTA, the AORTIC VALVE, and the MITRAL VALVE. Severe symptoms appear in early infancy when DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS closes. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Airway Remodeling The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues. | 0 | 3.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Bronchial Hyperreactivity Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory. | 0 | 4.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 5.1 | 6 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.89 | 4 | 2 |
| Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein. | 0 | 4.89 | 4 | 2 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 5.06 | 6 | 0 |
| Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 5.06 | 6 | 0 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS. | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Liver Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Peripheral Arterial Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.15 | 3 | 1 |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less. | 0 | 4.15 | 3 | 1 |
| Cancer of Ovary [description not available] | 0 | 4.46 | 5 | 1 |
| Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. | 0 | 4.46 | 5 | 1 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 5.5 | 16 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 5.5 | 16 | 0 |
| Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 8.07 | 14 | 2 |
| Erythremia [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Polycythemia Vera A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis occurs. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Morbid Obesity [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Obesity, Morbid The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Foot Diseases Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Equine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.63 | 6 | 1 |
| Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea. | 0 | 6.25 | 4 | 2 |
| Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Helicobacter [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. | 0 | 6.25 | 4 | 2 |
| Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 4.34 | 4 | 0 |
| Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. | 0 | 3.58 | 9 | 0 |
| Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 14.16 | 32 | 25 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 14.16 | 32 | 25 |
| Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright. | 0 | 6.81 | 21 | 0 |
| Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 4.64 | 6 | 1 |
| Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 11.81 | 21 | 0 |
| Injuries, Soft Tissue [description not available] | 0 | 3.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypovolemic [description not available] | 0 | 3.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 7.49 | 8 | 1 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 7.49 | 8 | 1 |
| Hypovolemia An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK). | 0 | 3.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 6.86 | 11 | 1 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 6.86 | 11 | 1 |
| Gastric Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 2 | 1 |
| Symptom Cluster [description not available] | 0 | 4.59 | 10 | 0 |
| Gastric Dilatation Abnormal distention of the STOMACH due to accumulation of gastric contents that may reach 10 to 15 liters. Gastric dilatation may be the result of GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION; ILEUS; GASTROPARESIS; or denervation. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. | 0 | 9.59 | 10 | 0 |
| Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma. | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation. | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. | 0 | 8.81 | 4 | 0 |
| Encephalomyelitis, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalomyelitis A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature. | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Scoliosis An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypercoagulability [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Thrombophilia A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS. | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 5.31 | 8 | 0 |
| Elevated Cholesterol [description not available] | 0 | 5.3 | 13 | 1 |
| Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population. | 0 | 5.3 | 13 | 1 |
| Arterial Obstructive Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.97 | 15 | 0 |
| Decerebrate Posturing [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Arterial Occlusive Diseases Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency. | 0 | 4.97 | 15 | 0 |
| Amyloid Deposits [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 3.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 8.5 | 29 | 1 |
| Aspergillus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 5.2 | 4 | 1 |
| Metaplasia A condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another similar adult cell type. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Injury, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological). | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Transfusion Reaction Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic (delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related to immunocompatibility. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 5.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 5.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 4.9 | 14 | 0 |
| Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 3.59 | 9 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 4.9 | 14 | 0 |
| Acute Coronary Syndrome An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN. | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Hepatorenal Syndrome Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow, OLIGURIA, and sodium retention. | 0 | 4.28 | 4 | 0 |
| Edema, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 5.44 | 15 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening. | 0 | 5.44 | 15 | 0 |
| Pyrexia [description not available] | 0 | 14.75 | 33 | 25 |
| Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. | 0 | 14.75 | 33 | 25 |
| Obstructive Lung Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.62 | 6 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent. | 0 | 4.62 | 6 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 11.71 | 76 | 3 |
| Allergic Angiitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Churg-Strauss Syndrome Widespread necrotizing angiitis with granulomas. Pulmonary involvement is frequent. Asthma or other respiratory infection may precede evidence of vasculitis. Eosinophilia and lung involvement differentiate this disease from POLYARTERITIS NODOSA. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Antiphospholipid Syndrome The presence of antibodies directed against phospholipids (ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID). The condition is associated with a variety of diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases, thrombopenia, and arterial or venous thromboses. In pregnancy it can cause abortion. Of the phospholipids, the cardiolipins show markedly elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ANTIBODIES, ANTICARDIOLIPIN). Present also are high levels of lupus anticoagulant (LUPUS COAGULATION INHIBITOR). | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 7.47 | 23 | 0 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Amentia [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Endotoxin Shock [description not available] | 0 | 12.22 | 47 | 4 |
| Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. | 0 | 12.22 | 47 | 4 |
| Cholera Infantum [description not available] | 0 | 6.16 | 5 | 1 |
| Air Embolism [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available] | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Angina at Rest [description not available] | 0 | 5.38 | 5 | 1 |
| Angina, Unstable Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 5.38 | 5 | 1 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available] | 0 | 6.85 | 11 | 1 |
| Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) | 0 | 6.85 | 11 | 1 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 14.75 | 36 | 4 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Syndrome Liver cirrhosis with intrahepatic portal obstruction, HYPERTENSION, and patent UMBILICAL VEINS. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 5.06 | 7 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Portal Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 5.06 | 7 | 0 |
| Nasal Catarrh [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 4.77 | 5 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 4.77 | 5 | 0 |
| Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 5.18 | 6 | 2 |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 5.18 | 6 | 2 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 6.29 | 14 | 1 |
| Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available] | 0 | 3.82 | 4 | 0 |
| Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH. | 0 | 3.82 | 4 | 0 |
| Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION. | 0 | 4.14 | 6 | 0 |
| Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Coronary Thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.47 | 5 | 0 |
| Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Blue Tongue [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Bovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Duncan Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Purpura, Thrombopenic [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified. | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Purpura, Thrombocytopenic Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological mechanisms. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms. | 0 | 5.05 | 7 | 0 |
| Aneurysm, Aortic [description not available] | 0 | 5.92 | 5 | 2 |
| Aortic Aneurysm An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA. | 0 | 5.92 | 5 | 2 |
| Aortitis Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Aortic Arch Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Takayasu Arteritis A chronic inflammatory process that affects the AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Phlegmasia Alba Dolens Inflammation that is characterized by swollen, pale, and painful limb. It is usually caused by DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS in a FEMORAL VEIN, following PARTURITION or an illness. This condition is also called milk leg or white leg. | 0 | 5.77 | 8 | 0 |
| Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS). | 0 | 5.77 | 8 | 0 |
| Buerger Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Embolism and Thrombosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Obliterans Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Thrombopenia [description not available] | 0 | 3.98 | 14 | 0 |
| Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS. | 0 | 3.98 | 14 | 0 |
| Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 7.5 | 28 | 0 |
| Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. | 0 | 7.5 | 28 | 0 |
| Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 6.61 | 12 | 1 |
| Asthmatic Crisis [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available] | 0 | 4.14 | 6 | 0 |
| Status Asthmaticus A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug. | 0 | 4.14 | 6 | 0 |
| Bronchospasm [description not available] | 0 | 3.98 | 5 | 0 |
| Bronchial Spasm Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi. | 0 | 3.98 | 5 | 0 |
| Atopic Hypersensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 6.3 | 6 | 1 |
| Potassium Deficiency A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual, 16th ed) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 5.36 | 14 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 5.36 | 14 | 0 |
| Pleurisy INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN. | 0 | 8.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Myeloproliferative Disorders Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| E coli Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 3.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 4.85 | 8 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 3.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 4.85 | 8 | 0 |
| Hydronephrosis Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 4.59 | 10 | 0 |
| Icterus [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Pericementitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin E [description not available] | 0 | 3.97 | 5 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 4.93 | 6 | 0 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 4.93 | 6 | 0 |
| Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.96 | 3 | 1 |
| Dermatoses [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. | 0 | 4.96 | 3 | 1 |
| Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 6.05 | 13 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 6.05 | 13 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Allergy, Drug [description not available] | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Nutritional Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally. | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition. | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Fistula Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Circulatory Collapse [description not available] | 0 | 15.3 | 35 | 25 |
| Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs. | 0 | 15.3 | 35 | 25 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 3.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Labor, Premature [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12). | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Primary Peritonitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs. | 0 | 3.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available] | 0 | 5.61 | 8 | 0 |
| Angiohemophilia [description not available] | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions. | 0 | 5.61 | 8 | 0 |
| von Willebrand Diseases Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet adhesion. | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.27 | 7 | 0 |
| Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 4.27 | 7 | 0 |
| Endometrioma An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst. | 0 | 5.99 | 6 | 1 |
| Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum. | 0 | 5.99 | 6 | 1 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 5.75 | 15 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 5.75 | 15 | 0 |
| Angor Pectoris [description not available] | 0 | 10.18 | 38 | 6 |
| Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION. | 0 | 10.18 | 38 | 6 |
| Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 5.18 | 4 | 1 |
| Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). | 0 | 5.18 | 4 | 1 |
| Gasser Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE. | 0 | 3.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, Low [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 7 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. | 0 | 3.34 | 7 | 0 |
| Thromboembolism Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream. | 0 | 7.24 | 13 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available] | 0 | 7.49 | 12 | 2 |
| Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hydatid Mole [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Uterus [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Hydatidiform Mole Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be categorized as complete or partial based on their gross morphology, histopathology, and karyotype. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Graft Occlusion, Vascular Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Angiitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Vasculitis Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Infections, Plasmodium [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands. | 0 | 7.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Vasospasm [description not available] | 0 | 5.74 | 15 | 0 |
| Coronary Vasospasm Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries. | 0 | 5.74 | 15 | 0 |
| Lymphatic Diseases Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Kawasaki Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Prinzmetal Angina [description not available] | 0 | 5.96 | 10 | 1 |
| Angina Pectoris, Variant A clinical syndrome characterized by the development of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise capacity. | 0 | 5.96 | 10 | 1 |
| Infections, Taenia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Taeniasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Neoplastic Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Female Genital Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Female Genital Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE). | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Genital Neoplasms, Female Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE). | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Complication, Intraoperative [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 4.14 | 6 | 0 |
| Death, Sudden The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions. | 0 | 4.49 | 9 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 6.05 | 16 | 0 |
| Ventricular Fibrillation A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Infection, Wound [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. | 0 | 3.48 | 8 | 0 |
| Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective [description not available] | 0 | 5.16 | 6 | 2 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). | 0 | 5.16 | 6 | 2 |
| Gingivitis Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Coccidioides immitis Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Coccidioidomycosis Infection with a fungus of the genus COCCIDIOIDES, endemic to the SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. It is sometimes called valley fever but should not be confused with RIFT VALLEY FEVER. Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles known as arthroconidia, a form of FUNGAL SPORES. A primary form is an acute, benign, self-limited respiratory infection. A secondary form is a virulent, severe, chronic, progressive granulomatous disease with systemic involvement. It can be detected by use of COCCIDIOIDIN. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Asphyxia Neonatorum Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Agenesis of Hemidiaphragm [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX as a result of embryologic defects in the DIAPHRAGM often present in the neonatal period. It can be isolated, syndromic, non-syndromic or be a part of chromosome abnormality. Associated pulmonary hypoplasia and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION can further complicate stabilization and surgical intervention. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Indigestion [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Alcohol Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 3.22 | 6 | 0 |
| Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) | 0 | 3.22 | 6 | 0 |
| Abdominal Migraine [description not available] | 0 | 4.13 | 6 | 0 |
| Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) | 0 | 4.13 | 6 | 0 |
| Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Minimal Change [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Nephrosis, Lipoid A kidney disease with no or minimal histological glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Diaphragmatic Hernia [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Flushing A transient reddening of the face that may be due to fever, certain drugs, exertion, or stress. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Cancer of Gallbladder [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Gallbladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Insipidus A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns. | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM. | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Alcoholic Hepatitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Alcoholic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. It is characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES, infiltration by NEUTROPHILS, and deposit of MALLORY BODIES. Depending on its severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress to LIVER CIRRHOSIS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Reproductive Sterility [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infertility A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available] | 0 | 4.67 | 2 | 1 |
| Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Sterility, Female [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Infertility, Female Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Familial Mediterranean Fever A group of HEREDITARY AUTOINFLAMMATION DISEASES, characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, headache, rash, PLEURISY; and ARTHRITIS. ORCHITIS; benign MENINGITIS; and AMYLOIDOSIS may also occur. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in marenostrin gene encoding PYRIN result in autosomal recessive transmission; simple heterozygous, autosomal dominant form of the disease also exists with mutations in the same gene. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Autosomal Recessive Chronic Granulomatous Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulomatous Disease, Chronic A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood. | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial cases. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction. | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE). | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Carbohydrate Inducible Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal limits. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus [description not available] | 0 | 4.58 | 4 | 0 |
| Blood Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Milk-Alkali Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Ductus Arteriosus, Patent A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth. | 0 | 4.58 | 4 | 0 |
| Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Thrombosis Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH. | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Mast-Cell Sarcoma A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Frostbite Damage to tissues as the result of low environmental temperatures. | 0 | 4.21 | 2 | 0 |
| Hand Injuries General or unspecified injuries to the hand. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukocytopenia [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000). | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebromalacia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Adhesions, Tissue [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Tachyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hand-Schu00FCller-Christian Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1 ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single organ, or can be a systemic disorder. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Oliguria Decreased URINE output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Aldosteronism [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Aldosteronism with Hyperplasia of the Adrenal Cortex [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Heavy Menstrual Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Menorrhagia Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION. | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Intoxication An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 13.76 | 33 | 26 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. | 0 | 13.76 | 33 | 26 |
| Uveal Diseases Diseases of the uvea. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic Shock [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Albinism General term for a number of inherited defects of amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic Disorders Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS). | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Intracranial Aneurysm Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms ( | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Spasm [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Smoking Cessation Discontinuing the habit of SMOKING. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Candida Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Fungal Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3) | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Berger Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Anoxia, Fetal [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Fetal Hypoxia Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 3.81 | 4 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 3.81 | 4 | 0 |
| Boutonneuse Fever A febrile disease of the Mediterranean area, the Crimea, Africa, and India, caused by infection with RICKETTSIA CONORII. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatic Veno Occlusive Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease Liver disease that is caused by injuries to the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessels and subendothelial EDEMA, but not by THROMBOSIS. Extracellular matrix, rich in FIBRONECTINS, is usually deposited around the HEPATIC VEINS leading to venous outflow occlusion and sinusoidal obstruction. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Chondrosarcoma A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| CBS Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Homocystinuria Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus, SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Lupus [description not available] | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Lupus Nephritis Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982). | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| MODS [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Inhalation Injury, Smoke [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Organ Failure A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombocythemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Parodontosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of blood or lymphatic vessels that forms a tumor-like mass. Vessels in the angioma may or may not be dilated. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemangioma A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. (from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators. | 0 | 3.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 4.68 | 2 | 1 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 4.68 | 2 | 1 |
| Lactic Acidosis [description not available] | 0 | 12.57 | 26 | 25 |
| Acidosis, Lactic Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE. | 0 | 12.57 | 26 | 25 |
| Deficiency, Folic Acid [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Folic Acid Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of FOLIC ACID in the diet. Many plant and animal tissues contain folic acid, abundant in green leafy vegetables, yeast, liver, and mushrooms but destroyed by long-term cooking. Alcohol interferes with its intermediate metabolism and absorption. Folic acid deficiency may develop in long-term anticonvulsant therapy or with use of oral contraceptives. This deficiency causes anemia, macrocytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. It is indistinguishable from vitamin B 12 deficiency in peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, but the neurologic lesions seen in B 12 deficiency do not occur. (Merck Manual, 16th ed) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Chest Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Blunt Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs. | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available] | 0 | 4.22 | 2 | 0 |
| Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS). | 0 | 4.22 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperoxia An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Loss, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Blood Loss, Surgical Loss of blood during a surgical procedure. | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Active Hyperemia [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperemia The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous). | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Branch Vein Occlusion [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Vein Occlusion Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Artery Occlusion Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in the eye. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchospasm, Exercise-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 3.78 | 2 | 1 |
| Asthma, Exercise-Induced Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it). | 0 | 3.78 | 2 | 1 |
| Renal Artery Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Renal Artery Obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR). | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Eclampsia Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA). | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Esophagus [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Complications, Hematologic Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiac Arrest, Sudden [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Death, Sudden, Cardiac Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy in Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| EHS Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Antibody Deficiency Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia Praecox [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Arteriosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Intracranial Arteriosclerosis Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Chediak-Higashi Syndrome A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections. In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions. The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink, and albino Hereford cattle. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Shock, Traumatic Shock produced as a result of trauma. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Preleukemia Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulomas [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 3.28 | 2 | 0 |
| Polyarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Kaposi Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Xeroderma Pigmentosum A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Allergic Alveolitis, Extrinsic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic A common interstitial lung disease caused by hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial, animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Burns, Inhalation Burns of the respiratory tract caused by heat or inhaled chemicals. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Aseptic Necrosis of Femur Head [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemias Conditions with abnormally elevated levels of LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. They may be inherited, acquired, primary, or secondary. Hyperlipoproteinemias are classified according to the pattern of lipoproteins on electrophoresis or ultracentrifugation. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Bruise [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Contusions Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Toxemia A condition produced by the presence of toxins or other harmful substances in the BLOOD. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Collagen Diseases Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494) | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Asystole [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adipocere [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Precordial Catch [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Chest Pain Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysembryoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Teratoma A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Altitude Hypoxia Low ambient oxygen tension associated with ALTITUDE. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Altitude Sickness Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at high ALTITUDE. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Eczema, Atopic [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Atresia, Biliary [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Atresia Progressive destruction or the absence of all or part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic JAUNDICE. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Broad Beta Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III An autosomal recessively inherited disorder characterized by the accumulation of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL or broad-beta-lipoprotein). IDL has a CHOLESTEROL to TRIGLYCERIDES ratio greater than that of VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. This disorder is due to mutation of APOLIPOPROTEINS E, a receptor-binding component of VLDL and CHYLOMICRONS, resulting in their reduced clearance and high plasma levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Pemphigoid [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pemphigus Foliaceus [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pemphigoid, Bullous A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pemphigus Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Ovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Chronic Lung Injury [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 3.76 | 2 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 3.76 | 2 | 1 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Meningococcal [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Embryopathies [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Menstruation, Painful [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypomenorrhea [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormal Deep Tendon Reflex [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Reflex, Abnormal An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Embolus [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Embolism Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypersensitivity, Type III [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukocytosis A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast Diseases Pathological processes of the BREAST. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchial Diseases Diseases involving the BRONCHI. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Ewing Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Synovioma [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma, Ewing A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma, Synovial A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases, Metabolic [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Afibrinogenemia, Congenital [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Bernard-Soulier Syndrome A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired prothrombin consumption. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Acquired Storage Pool Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency of GP 2b 3a Complex [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Afibrinogenemia A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Extramembranous Glomerulopathy [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Membranous A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Hay Fever [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Sneezing The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Amyloidosis A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Aura [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Serum Sickness Immune complex disease caused by the administration of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Death [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Viral Hepatitis, Human [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cholestasis, Intrahepatic Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Viral, Human INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Chemical Dependence [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Basedow Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Graves Disease A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy). | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Menopause The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Icterus Gravis Neonatorum [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice, Neonatal Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract, Membranous [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Retinal Edema, Cystoid [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Macular Edema Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Pasteurella [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Craniocerebral Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Craniocerebral Trauma Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cold Fingers, Hereditary [description not available] | 0 | 5.99 | 3 | 2 |
| Raynaud Disease An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress. | 0 | 5.99 | 3 | 2 |
| Cancer of Head [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Aortic Valve Stenosis A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Mastitis, Bovine INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brown Lung [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Arterial Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Cushing's Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |